Pharmacology - Principles and Application for Medical Assistants

by Anna Jannak

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Publisher
Moraine Valley Community College
Subjects
Medicine
Licence
CC BY 4.0, as LibreTexts states it
Who can read
Teens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

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  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Preface
  5. Table of Contents
  6. Licensing
  7. Chapter 1: Introduction to clinical pharmacology for the medical assistant
  8. 1.1: Main Terms
  9. 1.2: Chapter Goals
  10. 1.3: Introduction
  11. 1.3.1: What are Drugs?
  12. 1.3.2: History of Drugs
  13. 1.3.3: Pharmacognosy- The Sources of Drugs
  14. 1.3.3.1: Plants
  15. 1.3.3.2: Animals
  16. 1.3.3.3: Minerals
  17. 1.3.3.4: Microbiologic
  18. 1.3.3.5: Synthetic and Biosynthetic
  19. 1.4: Uses of Drugs and Terminology
  20. 1.4.1: Prevention
  21. 1.4.2: Treatment
  22. 1.4.3: Diagnosis
  23. 1.4.4: Curative
  24. 1.4.5: Palliative
  25. 1.4.6: Replacement
  26. 1.4.7: Health maintenance
  27. 1.5: Drug Legislation
  28. 1.5.1: Food and Drug Administration
  29. 1.5.2: Drug Enforcement Agency
  30. 1.5.3: Controlled Substances Act
  31. 1.6: Drug References
  32. 1.6.1: Prescriber’s Desk Reference
  33. 1.6.2: Package inserts
  34. 1.6.3: Nursing Drug References Books and Websites
  35. 1.7: Drug Names
  36. 1.7.1: Generic name
  37. 1.7.2: Trade or Brand Name
  38. 1.8: Drug Classifications
  39. 1.8.1: Therapeutic Classification
  40. 1.8.2: Pharmaceutical Classification
  41. 1.8.3: Body System Classification
  42. 1.8.4: Other Classifications
  43. 1.8.4.1: Prescription Drugs
  44. 1.8.4.2: Over the Counter Drugs
  45. 1.8.4.3: Herbal and Vitamin Supplements
  46. 1.9: Drug Forms
  47. 1.9.1: Liquids
  48. 1.9.2: Powders
  49. 1.9.3: Oral Drug Forms
  50. 1.9.3.1: Enteric-coated Tablets
  51. 1.9.3.2: Scored Tablets
  52. 1.9.3.3: Sublingual and Buccal Tablets
  53. 1.9.3.4: Chewable Tablets
  54. 1.9.3.5: Effervescent Tablets
  55. 1.9.3.6: Capsules
  56. 1.9.3.7: Lozenges (Troches)
  57. 1.9.3.8: Dissolving Film
  58. 1.9.4: Other Forms of Drugs
  59. 1.9.4.1: Topical Preparations
  60. 1.9.4.2: Transdermal Preparations
  61. 1.9.4.3: Suppositories
  62. 1.10: Chapter 1 References
  63. Chapter 2: Drug Safety and Pharmacology Principles
  64. 2.1: Main Terms
  65. 2.2: Chapter Goals
  66. 2.3: Drug Safety
  67. 2.4: Drug Errors Classifications
  68. 2.5: Factors that Can Influence Drug Errors
  69. 2.6: Strategies to Reduce Drug Errors
  70. 2.7: The Nine Rights of Drug Administration
  71. 2.7.1: The right drug
  72. 2.7.2: The right dose
  73. 2.7.3: The right route
  74. 2.7.4: The right time
  75. 2.7.5: The right patient
  76. 2.7.6: The right education
  77. 2.7.7: The right to refuse
  78. 2.7.8: The right technique
  79. 2.7.9: The right documentation
  80. 2.8: Steps to Take for Drug Errors
  81. 2.9: Drug Terminology
  82. 2.9.1: Drug Actions
  83. 2.9.1.1: Indications for Use
  84. 2.9.1.2: Desired Effects
  85. 2.9.1.3: Side Effects
  86. 2.9.1.4: Adverse Effects
  87. 2.9.1.5: Systemic and Local Effects
  88. 2.9.1.6: Drug-Drug Interactions
  89. 2.9.1.7: Potentiation
  90. 2.9.1.8: Synergism
  91. 2.9.1.9: Agonist
  92. 2.9.1.10: Antagonists
  93. 2.9.1.11: Drug-Food Interactions
  94. 2.9.2: Other Factors Influencing Drug Actions
  95. 2.9.2.1: Age – Elderly
  96. 2.9.2.2: Age- Infants and Children
  97. 2.9.2.3: Sex
  98. 2.9.2.4: Genetics
  99. 2.9.2.5: Comorbidities and Polypharmacy
  100. 2.9.2.6: Diet
  101. 2.9.2.7: Mental State
  102. 2.9.2.8: Drug Biologic Half-Life
  103. 2.9.2.9: Drug Blood Levels
  104. 2.9.2.10: Loading Doses
  105. 2.9.2.11: Maintenance Doses
  106. 2.9.2.12: Pharmacokinetics
  107. 2.10: Chapter 2 References
  108. Chapter 3: Prescriptions, Orders, and Documentation
  109. 3.1: Main Terms
  110. 3.2: Chapter Goals
  111. 3.3: Prescriptions
  112. 3.3.1: Parts of a Prescription
  113. 3.3.2: Electronic Prescriptions
  114. 3.4: Medical Assistant’s Role in Prescriptions
  115. 3.4.1: Patient Education
  116. 3.4.2: Refill Requests
  117. 3.4.3: Medication Reconciliation
  118. 3.4.4: Documentation in the Medical Record
  119. 3.5: Other Types of Drug Orders
  120. 3.5.1: Routine Order
  121. 3.5.2: Standing Order
  122. 3.5.3: PRN Order
  123. 3.5.4: Single Order
  124. 3.5.5: STAT Order
  125. 3.5.6: Verbal Order
  126. 3.6: Chapter 3 References
  127. Chapter 4: Pharmacology Math
  128. 4.1: Main Terms
  129. 4.2: Chapter Goals
  130. 4.3: Drug Labels
  131. 4.3.1: Drug Form
  132. 4.3.2: Drug Strength
  133. 4.3.3: Measurement Systems
  134. 4.3.3.1: Metric system
  135. 4.3.3.2: Household System
  136. 4.3.3.3: Conversions between Metric and Household
  137. 4.4: Equivalencies and Conversions
  138. 4.5: Healthcare Rules when Writing Numbers
  139. 4.6: The Formula Method
  140. 4.7: Medications and Pediatrics Doses
  141. 4.8: Legal and Ethical Issues
  142. 4.9: Chapter 4 References
  143. Chapter 5: The Gastrointestinal System and Administering Enteral Drugs
  144. 5.1: Main Terms
  145. 5.2: Chapter Goals
  146. 5.3: Anatomy Review of the Gastrointestinal System
  147. 5.3.1: Pharynx
  148. 5.3.2: Esophagus
  149. 5.3.3: Stomach
  150. 5.3.4: Small Intestine
  151. 5.3.5: Large Intestine
  152. 5.3.6: Rectum and Anus
  153. 5.4: Review of Gastrointestinal System Pathology
  154. 5.4.1: Conditions of the Mouth and Pharynx
  155. 5.4.2: Conditions of the Esophagus
  156. 5.4.3: Conditions of the Stomach
  157. 5.4.4: Conditions of the Large and Small Intestines
  158. 5.4.5: Conditions of the Rectum and Anus
  159. 5.5: Gastrointestinal System Drugs
  160. 5.6: Enteral Routes of Administration
  161. 5.6.1: Oral Route
  162. 5.6.2: Sublingual and Buccal Route
  163. 5.6.3: Rectal Route
  164. 5.7: Chapter 5 References
  165. Chapter 6: Integumentary System and Other Sense Organs
  166. 6.1: Main Terms
  167. 6.2: Chapter Goals
  168. 6.3: Anatomy review of the integumentary system
  169. 6.3.1: Skin
  170. 6.3.2: Associated Structures of the Skin
  171. 6.3.3: Hair and Hair Follicles
  172. 6.3.4: Nails
  173. 6.4: Anatomy review of the ears and eyes
  174. 6.4.1: Ears
  175. 6.4.2: Eyes
  176. 6.5: Review of Skin Disorders
  177. 6.5.1: Skin Lesions
  178. 6.5.2: Impetigo
  179. 6.5.3: Fungal Infections of the Skin
  180. 6.5.4: Dermatitis
  181. 6.6: Review of Ear and Eye Disorders
  182. 6.6.1: Otitis Externa
  183. 6.6.2: Otitis Media
  184. 6.6.3: Impacted Cerumen
  185. 6.6.4: Meniere’s Disease
  186. 6.6.5: Glaucoma
  187. 6.6.6: Cataracts
  188. 6.6.7: Infections of the Eyes
  189. 6.7: Drugs to Treat Skin, Ear, and Eye Disorders
  190. 6.8: Routes of Administration
  191. 6.8.1: Topical Route
  192. 6.8.2: Otic route
  193. 6.8.3: Ophthalmic route
  194. 6.9: Chapter 6 References
  195. Chapter 7: Parenteral Routes- Intradermal and Subcutaneous
  196. 7.1: Main Terms
  197. 7.2: Chapter Goals
  198. 7.3: Parenteral Supplies
  199. 7.3.1: Needles and Syringes
  200. 7.3.2: Vials
  201. 7.3.3: Ampules
  202. 7.3.4: Prefilled Syringes
  203. 7.3.5: Reconstituting Powders
  204. 7.4: Intradermal Route
  205. 7.5: Subcutaneous Route
  206. 7.6: Chapter 7 References
  207. Chapter 8: Parenteral Routes- Intramuscular
  208. 8.1: Main Terms
  209. 8.2: Chapter Goals
  210. 8.3: Intramuscular Route
  211. 8.3.1: Aspiration
  212. 8.4: Intramuscular Injection Sites
  213. 8.4.1: Deltoid Site
  214. 8.4.2: Vastus Lateralis Site
  215. 8.4.3: Ventrogluteal Site
  216. 8.5: Airlock and Z-Track Techniques
  217. 8.6: Chapter 8 References
  218. Chapter 9: Immune System, Allergies, and Vaccines
  219. 9.1: Main Terms
  220. 9.2: Chapter Goals
  221. 9.3: Review of the Anatomy of the Immune System
  222. 9.3.1: Antigens and Antibodies
  223. 9.3.2: Innate and Adaptive Immunity
  224. 9.3.3: White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)
  225. 9.3.4: Lymphatic System
  226. 9.3.4.1: Immunological Memory
  227. 9.3.4.2: Allergies
  228. 9.3.4.3: Autoimmune Disorders
  229. 9.3.5: Vaccines
  230. 9.3.5.1: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
  231. 9.3.5.2: Vaccine Schedules
  232. 9.3.5.3: Vaccine Information Statement (VIS)
  233. 9.3.5.4: CDC Pink Book
  234. 9.3.5.5: Vaccine Administration Documentation
  235. 9.3.5.6: Immunization Information Systems
  236. 9.3.5.7: The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)
  237. 9.4: Chapter 9 References
  238. Chapter 10: Infections and Drugs to Treat Infections
  239. 10.1: Main Terms
  240. 10.2: Chapter Goals
  241. 10.3: Infectious Agents and Infections
  242. 10.3.1: Common Pathogens
  243. 10.4: Infections and Healthcare
  244. 10.5: Antibiotic Resistance
  245. 10.6: Sepsis
  246. 10.7: Drugs for Infectious Diseases
  247. 10.7.1: Bacterial Infections
  248. 10.7.2: Viral Infections
  249. 10.7.3: Fungal Infections
  250. 10.7.4: Parasitic Infections
  251. 10.8: Antibiotic Patient Teaching
  252. 10.8.1: Most Prescribed Antibiotics
  253. 10.9: Antiviral Drugs Patient Teaching
  254. 10.10: Chapter 10 References
  255. Back Matter
  256. Index
  257. Glossary
  258. Detailed Licensing