5.5: Gastrointestinal System Drugs

Pharmacology - Principles and Application for Medical Assistants · LibreTexts

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    Table 5.1 Gastrointestinal Drugs

    Gastrointestinal drugs

    Drug Name

    Drug Class

    Indication

    Patient Teaching

    Nystatin

    Oral candidiasis

    Zovirax (acyclovir)

    Antiviral

    Oral herpes simplex

    Tums, Mylanta (calcium carbonate)

    Antacid

    Gastritis, GERD, H. Pylori

    Can cause constipation

    Take 1 hour before PPI or H2 receptor blocker

    Will reduce the effectiveness of other drugs when taken at the same time

    Rolaids (magnesium hydroxide)

    Antacid

    Gastritis, GERD, H. Pylori

    Can cause constipation

    Take 1 hour before PPI or H2 receptor blocker

    Will reduce the effectiveness of other drugs when taken at the same time

    Amoxicillin

    Antibiotic

    H. Pylori

    Antibiotics may cause diarrhea, promote opportunistic infections, and interfere with the absorption of many other drugs, including oral contraceptives.

    Zantac (ranitidine)

    H2 receptor blocker

    Gastritis, GERD, H. Pylori

    Take 10-60 minutes before food known to cause heartburn

    Pepcid (famotidine)

    H2 receptor blocker

    Gastritis, GERD, H. Pylori

    Take 10-60 minutes before food known to cause heartburn

    Prilosec (omeprazole)

    PPI

    GERD, H. Pylori

    Long-term use may increase the risk of fractures, hypomagnesemia, Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea, and vitamin B12 deficiency.

    Nexium (esomeprazole)

    PPI

    GERD, H. Pylori

    Long-term use may increase the risk of fractures, hypomagnesemia, Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea, and vitamin B12 deficiency.

    Protonix (pantoprazole)

    PPI

    GERD, H. Pylori

    Long-term use may increase the risk of fractures, hypomagnesemia, Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea, and vitamin B12 deficiency.

    Zofran (ondansetron)

    Antiemetic

    Nausea and vomiting

    MiraLAX (polyethylene glycol)

    Osmotic laxative

    Constipation

    Increase fluid intake

    Metamucil (psyllium fiber)

    Bulk-forming laxative

    Constipation

    Increase fluid intake

    Colace (docusate sodium)

    Stool softener

    Constipation

    Increase fluid intake

    Dulcolax (bisacodyl)

    Stimulant laxative

    Constipation

    For occasional use only, may cause habituation

    Fleet suppository (glycerin suppository)

    Osmotic laxative

    Constipation

    For occasional use only, may cause habituation

    Imodium (loperamide)

    Anti-diarrheal

    Diarrhea

    For short-term use only

    Pepto-Bismol (bismuth subsalicylate)

    Anti-diarrheal, anti-emetic,

    Diarrhea, gastritis, nausea, vomiting

    May turn stool black

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