5.3.5: Large Intestine

The large intestine, or colon, surrounds the small intestine in the lower abdomen. It measures about five feet in most adults and is comprised of the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, the rectum, and ending at the anus. When chyme passes into the large intestine, it is now called fecal matter or feces. The large intestine regulates water and electrolyte absorption, forms feces, and controls bowel movements. The large intestine is where most intestinal microbes are found. Gut microbes or flora are significant in various physiological functions and contribute to overall well-being. The composition of gut flora can vary significantly from person to person and can be influenced by diet, age, genetics, and health status (“Biology of the digestive tract," 2024).

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