General Psychology for Honors Students

by Kate Votaw

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This text surveys the basic concepts, theories, and pivotal findings over the past 100 years in the science of Psychology, with special emphasis on contemporary concepts and findings focused on the relation of the brain to normal and pathological behaviors. Psychology has long evolved past the psychodynamic influence to include biological, social, learning, motivational, and developmental perspectives, to name a few.

Description from LibreTexts.

Publisher
University of Missouri–St. Louis
Subjects
Social Sciences, Psychology
Licence
CC BY-NC-SA, as LibreTexts states it. Non-commercial use only.
Who can read
Teens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

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  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Preface
  5. Table of Contents
  6. Licensing
  7. 1: History of Psychology
  8. 1.1: Introduction
  9. 1.2: Wundt And Structuralism
  10. 1.3: James And Functionalism
  11. 1.4: Freud And Psychoanalytic Theory
  12. 1.5: Wertheimer, Koffka, Kohler, Aad Gestalt Psychology
  13. 1.6: Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, And Behaviorism
  14. 1.7: Maslow, Rogers, And Humanism
  15. 1.8: The Cognitive Revolution
  16. 1.9: Multicultural Psychology
  17. 1.10: Dig Deeper
  18. 2: Contemporary Psychology
  19. 2.1: Introduction
  20. 2.2: Biopsychology And Evolutionary Psychology
  21. 2.3: Sensation And Perception
  22. 2.4: Cognitive Psychology
  23. 2.5: Developmental Pstchology
  24. 2.6: Personality Psychology
  25. 2.7: Social Psychology
  26. 2.8: Industrial-Organizational Psychology
  27. 2.9: Health Psychology
  28. 2.10: Sport And Exercise Psychology
  29. 2.11: Clinical Psychology
  30. 2.12: Forensic Psychology
  31. 3: Overview of the Scientific Method
  32. 3.1: Introduction
  33. 3.2: A Model Of Scientific Research In Psychology
  34. 3.3: Finding A Research Topic
  35. 3.4: Generating Good Research Questions
  36. 3.5: Developing A Hypothesis
  37. 3.6: Designing A Research Study
  38. 3.7: Drawing Conclusions And Reporting The Results
  39. 3.8: Key Takeways
  40. 3.9: Exercises
  41. 4: Research Designs
  42. 4.1: Introduction
  43. 4.2: Research Designs
  44. 4.3: Experimental Research
  45. 4.4: Correlational Designs
  46. 4.5: Qualitative Designs
  47. 4.6: Quasi-Experimental Designs
  48. 4.7: Longitudinal Studies
  49. 4.8: Surveys
  50. 4.9: Tradeoffs In Research
  51. 4.10: Research Methods- Why You Need Them
  52. 5: Thinking like a Psychological Scientist
  53. 5.1: Introduction
  54. 5.2: Scientific Versus Everyday Reasoning
  55. 5.3: The Interpretation of Research Results
  56. 5.4: Why Should I Trust Science If It Can't Prove Anything?
  57. 5.5: Scientific Theories
  58. 5.6: Is Science Objective?
  59. 5.7: Science In Context
  60. 6: Neurons
  61. 6.1: Introduction
  62. 6.2: The Structure Of The Neuron
  63. 6.3: Communication Within And Between Neurons
  64. 7: Our Brains Control Our Thoughts, Feelings, and Behavior
  65. 7.1: Introduction
  66. 7.2: The Old Brain- Wired For Survival
  67. 7.3: The Cerebral Cortex Creates Consciousness And Thinking
  68. 7.4: The Brain Is Flexible- Neuroplasticity
  69. 7.5: Key Takeways
  70. 8: Psychophysiological Methods in Neuroscience
  71. 8.1: Introduction
  72. 8.2: Central Nervous System (CNS)
  73. 8.3: Peripheral Nervous System
  74. 8.4: When To Use What
  75. 8.5: Conclusion
  76. 9: What Is Consciousness?
  77. 9.1: Introduction
  78. 9.2: Biological Rhythms
  79. 9.3: Problems With Circadian Rhythms
  80. 10: Sleep and Why We Sleep
  81. 10.1: Introduction
  82. 10.2: What Is Sleep?
  83. 10.3: Why Do We Sleep?
  84. 11: Stages of Sleep
  85. 11.1: Introduction
  86. 11.2: Nrem Stages Of Sleep
  87. 11.3: REM Sleep
  88. 12: Sleep Problems and Disorders
  89. 12.1: Introduction
  90. 12.2: Insomnia
  91. 12.3: Parasomnias
  92. 12.4: Sleep Apnea
  93. 12.5: SIDS
  94. 12.6: Narcolepsy
  95. 13: Seeing
  96. 13.1: Introduction
  97. 13.2: The Sensing Eye And The Perceiving Visual Cortex
  98. 13.3: Perceiving Color
  99. 13.4: Perceiving Form
  100. 13.5: Perceiving Depth
  101. 13.6: Perceiving Motion
  102. 14: Accuracy and Inaccuracy in Perception
  103. 14.1: Introduction
  104. 14.2: How The Perceptual System Interprets The Environment
  105. 14.3: Illusions
  106. 14.4: The Important Role Of Expectations In Perception
  107. 15: The Healthy Life
  108. 15.1: Introduction
  109. 15.2: What Is Health Psychology?
  110. 15.3: Stress And Health
  111. 15.4: Protecting Our Health
  112. 15.5: The Importance Of Good Health Practices
  113. 15.6: Psychology And Medicine
  114. 15.7: Being A Health Psychologist
  115. 15.8: The Future Of Health Psychology
  116. 16: Substance Use and Abuse
  117. 16.1: Introduction
  118. 16.2: Substance Use Disorders
  119. 16.3: Drug Categories
  120. 17: Predictive Learning
  121. 17.1: Introduction
  122. 17.2: Basic Predictive Learning Phenomena
  123. 17.3: Is Extinction Unlearing Or Inhibitory Learning?
  124. 17.4: Stimulus Generalization And Discrimination
  125. 17.5: Pavlov's Stimulus Substitution Model Of Classical Conditioning
  126. 18: Operant Conditioning
  127. 18.1: Introduction
  128. 18.2: Reinforcement
  129. 18.3: Punishment
  130. 18.4: Primary And Secondary Reinforcers
  131. 18.5: Reinforcement Schedules
  132. 18.6: Cognition And Latent Learning
  133. 19: Memories as Types and Stages
  134. 19.1: Introduction
  135. 19.2: Explicit memory
  136. 19.3: Implicit memory
  137. 19.4: Stages Of Memory- Sensory, Short-Term, And Long-Term Memory
  138. 19.5: Key Takeaways
  139. 20: How We Remember- Cues to Improving Memory
  140. 20.1: Introduction
  141. 20.2: Encoding And Storage- How Our Perceptions Become Memories
  142. 20.3: The Structure Of LTM- Categories, Prototypes, And Schemas
  143. 20.4: The Biology Of Memory
  144. 20.5: Key Takeways
  145. 21: The Many Varieties of Conformity
  146. 21.1: Introduction
  147. 21.2: Informational Conformity- Conforming To Be Accurate
  148. 21.3: Normative Conformity- Conforming To Be Liked And To Avoid Rejection
  149. 21.4: Majority Influence- Conforming To The Group
  150. 21.5: Minority Influence- Resisting Group Presure
  151. 21.6: Situational Determinants Of Conformity
  152. 21.7: Key Takeways
  153. 22: Obedience, Power, and Leadership
  154. 22.1: Introduction
  155. 22.2: Milgram's Studies On Obedience To Authority
  156. 22.3: Types Of Power
  157. 22.4: Leaders And Leadership
  158. 22.5: Key Takeways
  159. 23: How the Social Context Influences Helping
  160. 23.1: Introduction
  161. 23.2: Latané And Darley's Model Of Helping
  162. 23.3: Key Takeways
  163. 24: Other Determinants of Helping
  164. 24.1: Introduction
  165. 24.2: Some People Are More Helpful Than Others- The Altruistic Personality
  166. 24.3: Gender Differences In Helping
  167. 24.4: Who Do We Help? Attributions And Helping
  168. 24.5: Reactions To Receiving Help
  169. 24.6: Cultural Issues In Helping
  170. 24.7: Increasing Helping
  171. 24.8: Key Takeways
  172. 25: Gender
  173. 25.1: Introduction
  174. 25.2: Defining Gender
  175. 25.3: Gender Differences
  176. 25.4: Gender Roles
  177. 25.5: Gender Sexism And Socialization
  178. 26: Prejudice and Discrimination
  179. 26.1: Introduction
  180. 26.2: Understanding Prejudice And Discrimination
  181. 26.3: Types Of Prejudice And Discrimination
  182. 26.4: Why Do Prejudice And Discrimination Exist?
  183. 26.5: Stereotypes And Self-fulfilling Prophecy
  184. 26.6: In-groups And Out-groups
  185. 27: Cognitive Development in Childhood
  186. 27.1: Introduction
  187. 27.2: Nature And Nurture
  188. 27.3: Does Cognitive Development Progress Through Distinct Stages?
  189. 27.4: Applications To Education
  190. 27.5: Conclusion
  191. 28: Theories of Development
  192. 28.1: Moral Development
  193. 28.2: Kohlberg's State Model Of Moral Development
  194. 28.3: Erik Erikson's Stage Theory Of Lifespan Development
  195. 28.4: Childhood
  196. 29: Attachment Through the Life Course
  197. 29.1: Introduction
  198. 29.2: Attachment Theory- A Brief History And Core Concepts
  199. 29.3: Individual Differences In Infant Attachment
  200. 29.4: Antecedents Of Attachment Patterns
  201. 29.5: Attachment Patterns And Child Outcomes
  202. 29.6: Attachment In Adulthood
  203. 30: Research Methods in Developmental Psychology
  204. 30.1: Introduction
  205. 30.2: Research Methods
  206. 30.3: Research Design
  207. 30.4: Challenges Associated With Conducting Developmental Research
  208. 30.5: Conclusion
  209. 31: Personality Traits
  210. 31.1: Introduction
  211. 31.2: The Five-Factor Model Of Personality
  212. 31.3: Facets Of Traits (Subtraits)
  213. 31.4: Other Traits Beyond The Five-Factor Model
  214. 31.5: The Person-Situation Debate And Alternatives To The Trait Perspective
  215. 31.6: Appendix
  216. 32: What Are Psychological Disorders?
  217. 32.1: Introduction
  218. 32.2: Definition Of A Psychological Disorder
  219. 32.3: Cultural Expectations
  220. 32.4: Harmful Dysfunction
  221. 32.5: The American Psychiatric Association (APA) Definition
  222. 33: Diagnosing and Classifying Psychological Disorders
  223. 33.1: Introduction
  224. 33.2: The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Menal Disorders (DSM)
  225. 33.3: The International Classification Of Diseases
  226. 33.4: The Compassionate View Of Psychological Disorders
  227. 34: Anxiety and Related Disorders
  228. 34.1: Introduction
  229. 34.2: Generalized Anxiety Disorder
  230. 34.3: Panic Disorder And Agoraphobia
  231. 34.4: Specific Phobia
  232. 34.5: Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
  233. 34.6: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
  234. 34.7: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
  235. 34.8: Treaments For Anxiety And Related Disorders
  236. 35: Mood Disorders
  237. 35.1: Introduction
  238. 35.2: What Are Mood Didorders?
  239. 35.3: How Common Are Mood Disorders? Who Develops Mood Disorders?
  240. 35.4: What Are Some Of The Factors Implicated In The Development And Course Of Mood Disorders?
  241. 35.5: What Are Some Of The Well-Supported Treatments For Mood Disorders?
  242. 35.6: Conclusion
  243. 36: Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
  244. 36.1: Introductoin
  245. 36.2: The Phenomenology Of Schizophrenia And Related Psychotic Disorders
  246. 36.3: The Cognitive Neuroscience Of Schizophrenia
  247. 36.4: Risk Factors For Developing Schizophrenia
  248. 36.5: Treatment Of Schizophrenia
  249. 37: Personality Disorders
  250. 37.1: Introduction
  251. 37.2: DSM-5 Personality Disorders
  252. 37.3: Description
  253. 37.4: Validity
  254. 37.5: Treatment
  255. 37.6: Conclusion
  256. 38: Therapeutic Orientations
  257. 38.1: Introduction
  258. 38.2: Psychoanalysis And Psychodynamic Therapy
  259. 38.3: Humanistic And Person-Centered Therapy
  260. 38.4: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
  261. 38.5: Acceptance And Mindfulness- Based Approaches
  262. 38.6: Emerging Treatment Strategies
  263. 38.7: Pharmacological Treatments
  264. 38.8: Integrative And Eclectic Psychotherapy
  265. 38.9: Conclusion
  266. 39: Psychopharmacology
  267. 39.1: Introduction to Psychopharmacology
  268. 39.2: Pharmacokinetics- What Is It And Why Is It Important?
  269. 39.3: Recent Issues Related To Psychotropic Drugs And Metabolism
  270. 39.4: Other Controversial Issues
  271. Back Matter
  272. Index
  273. Glossary
  274. Detailed Licensing