Learn · Fundamentals of Attosecond Science and Technology (FAST)
Lecture 95 of 97week-12
FROG Measurements
Prof. Sivarama Krishnan · IIT Madras
Credits and licence
- From
- Fundamentals of Attosecond Science and Technology (FAST), IIT Madras (at NPTEL)
- Licence
- CC BY-NC-SA, as NPTEL states it. Non-commercial use only.
- Attribution
- NPTEL states: "Distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike / CC BY - NC - SA", beside a BY-NC-SA badge.
- Who can watch
- Tweens profiles and older. How courses are placed
All the lectures
- Introduction to waves, 1D wave equation and its solutions
- 1D Light waves
- Characteristics of light waves - amplitude, absolute phase, wavelenght and frequency
- Phase, Phase velocity and Phase delay
- Complex notation for the description light waves and superposition
- Maxwell's equations to the 3D wave equation and its solutions
- Recap of Week 1
- 3D wave equation and plane waves
- Complex notation for Electric fields, Superposition and interference
- Fabry - Perot inteferometer and it transmittance
- Physical interpretation of FP transmittance
- Recap of Fabry - Perot modes
- Free spectral range of a Fabry - Perot etalon
- Resonator modes and optical pulses - insight
- Table - Top Coherent & Incoherent Imaging
- Recap of Etalon free spectral range
- Line width and finesse of an etalon
- Actual resonator modes
- Resonator configurations and stability
- Recap of optical resonators
- Introduction of light pulses
- Complex amplitude, Gaussian pulse
- Recap of light pulses
- Introduction of Fourier Transforms
- Tutorial 1
- Motivating Fourier Transforms
- Fourier Transform Properties
- Frequency domain electric field
- Recap of Fourier transform properties
- Frequency domain description of pulses
- Spectral Phase
- Recap of spectral phase
- Instantaneous Frequency and group delay
- Phase wrapping, blanking, and Tayor series expansion
- Recap of instantaneous frequency, phase wrapping, and phase blanking
- Frequency domain phase expansion, group delay dispersion
- Absolute Phase
- Recap of concepts + discussion
- Absolute Phase (revisited)
- Carrier envelope phase, frequency comb
- Discussion
- Recap of concepts
- First order phase
- Second order phase
- Recap of first order and second order phase
- Chirped pulse: Instantaneous frequency and Fourier transform
- Group delay, nonlinearly chirped pulse
- Recap of chirped pulses
- Quadratic chirp pulses
- Higher order spectral phase
- Recap and discussion on higher order phase
- Relative importance of intensity and phase
- Pulse propagation through a medium
- Recap of pulse propagation and pulse length
- Discussion of RMS pulse width and uncertainty principle
- Time-bandwidth product
- Recap of previous module
- Introduction of Lorentz Oscillator Model
- Effect of matter on light
- Recap of Lorentz oscillator, Polarization tensor
- Dynamics of electrons in the Lorentz oscillator
- Solving the inhomogeneous wave equation
- Inhomogeneous wave equation, absorption coefficient, refractive index
- Nonlinear response of matter
- Origin of nonlinear optical effects
- Wave equation in an inert gas
- Perturbation theory and second harmonics
- Numerical simulation strategy
- Atoms in the presence of fields
- Ionization models
- Attosecond pulse generation and metrology
- Nonlinear optics review
- Nonlinear response of matter to light
- Sum and difference frequency generation
- Recap of sum and difference frequency generation, second harmonic generation
- Generalized nonlinear effects, conservation laws in SHG
- Phase matching in SHG, polarization dependent refractive index
- Review of Second Harmonic Generation
- Birefringence and Uniaxial Media
- Phase Matching Using Birefringence
- Second order nonlinear effects in isotropic media
- Kerr effect and self phase modulation
- Spatial domain Kerr effect
- Recap of previous lecture, birth of ultrafast technology
- Motivating the measurement of events in time
- Measuring Ultrashort pulses
- Pulse Measurement in the Time-Domain
- Auto-correlation Measurements
- Types of Auto-correlation Measurements
- Review of Interferometric Auto-correlation measurements
- Auto-correlation of complex pulses
- Spectrogram and FROG
- Review of spectrograms
- FROG as a phase-retrieval problem
- FROG Measurements
- Live Session 14-02-2025
- Live Session 19-02-2025