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Lecture 36 of 40Aspects of Western Philosophy

Existentialism: main features; existence precedes essence; freedom and responsibility; finiteness and situatedness of human existence

Dr. Sreekumar Nellickappilly · IIT Madras

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Aspects of Western Philosophy, IIT Madras (at NPTEL)
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All the lectures

  1. Greek Philosophy: Ionians, Pythagoras, Parmenides, Heraclitus and Democritus Video
  2. Sophists, Socrates; philosophy of man; relativism and subjectivism; the idea of good Video
  3. Platos idealism: theory of ideas Video
  4. Plato: theory of knowledge, method of dialectic; theory of soul Video
  5. Aristotles criticism of Platonic idealism and the concepts of Form and Matter Video
  6. Aristotles theory of causation; potentiality and actuality Video
  7. Medieval philosophy: St. Augustine and the Problem of evil; St. Thomas Aquinass concepts of faith and reason; proofs for the existence of God. Video
  8. Modern Philosophy: mail characteristic features; renaissance and scientific revolution; rationalism and empiricism: main features. Video
  9. Descartes: the method in philosophy; the concepts of doubt and indubitable knowledge. Video
  10. Descartes: the mind-body dualism; the concept of God and proofs for Gods existence Video
  11. Spinoza: the concepts of Substance, attributes and modes. Video
  12. Spinozas pantheism-God and nature Video
  13. Leibniz: Monadology; the mind-body problem revisited; concept of God; the concept of pre-established harmony Video
  14. The empiricism of John Locke: ideas and their classification; refutation of innate ideas Video
  15. John Locke: theory of knowledge; concept of substance; the primary and secondary qualities Video
  16. Berkeley: the refutation of the distinction between primary and secondary qualities, immaterialism Video
  17. Berkeleys critique of abstract ideas, esse est percipi, the problem of solipsism; God and self Video
  18. Hume : Impressions and ideas, knowledge concerning relations of ideas and knowledge concerning matters of fact, induction and causality. Video
  19. The external world and the self, personal identity, rejection of metaphysics, scepticism, reason and the passions. Video
  20. Critical Philosophy: characteristic features; kantd objectives: the classification of judgements, possibility of synthetic a priori judgements, the Copernican revolution Video
  21. Kant: forms of sensibility, categories of understanding; the process of knowledge acquisition; phenomenon and noumenon, Video
  22. The Ideas of Reason-soul, God and world as a whole; antinomies; rejection of speculative metaphysics. Video
  23. Kants ethics; freedom and immortality, problems with Kant. Video
  24. Hegel : The conception of Geist (spirit), the dialectical method, concepts of being, non-being and becoming, Video
  25. Absolute idealism; consciousness, self consciousness and reason. Video
  26. Karl Marx: historical materialism; the significance of the proletariat; the base structure-superstructure division. Video
  27. Nietzsche : Critique of western culture, religion and morality; will to power; the idea of superman. Video
  28. Linguistic turn in British philosophy: Russells logical atomism and the refutation of idealism. Video
  29. Wittgenstein : early Wittgensteins conception of language and reality; the picture theory of meaning Video
  30. Later Wittgensteins conception of language games and forms of life; meaning and use. Video
  31. Logical positivism; against metaphysics and a scientific conception of philosophy; the limitation of logical positivism Video
  32. Husserl : Phenomenology and the methods of reduction; the principle of intentionality. Video
  33. Phenomenological reduction, eidetic reduction and transcendental reduction; transcendental subjectivity; the pure subject. Video
  34. Heidegger : phenomenological hermeneutics; concept of Being; man as being-in-the-world; destruction of the western intellectual tradition. Video
  35. Authentic and inauthentic existence; Truth as disclosure Video
  36. Existentialism: main features; existence precedes essence; freedom and responsibility; finiteness and situatedness of human existence Video
  37. Sartres conception of human existence; man is condemned to be free; rejection of essentialism Video
  38. The concept of being-in-itself, being-for-itself and being-for-others Video
  39. Postmodernism: major trends and chief characteristic features; conceptions of human subject; different postmodern approaches Video
  40. Deconstruction, feminism, discourse theory etc. Video