Electric Circuits III - Semiconductors

by Tony R. Kuphaldt

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Semiconductors are materials that exhibit electrical behavior somewhere between that of insulators and that of conductors. Conductors present very low resistance to the flow of current, whereas insulators conduct very little current even when a large potential difference is applied. A semiconductor exhibits intermediate conductivity because it has more available charge carriers than an insulator but fewer than a conductor. Examples of semiconductors are silicon and germanium.

Description from LibreTexts.

Publisher
Bellingham Technical College
Subjects
Workforce, Electronics Technology
Licence
GNU Free Documentation License, as LibreTexts states it
Who can read
Tweens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

LibreTexts writes equations in TeX, and here they show as TeX; the PDF has them typeset.

  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Table of Contents
  5. Licensing
  6. 1: Amplifiers and Active Devices
  7. 1.1: From Electric to Electronic
  8. 1.2: Active Versus Passive Devices
  9. 1.3: Amplifiers
  10. 1.4: Amplifier Gain
  11. 1.5: Decibels
  12. 1.6: Absolute dB scales
  13. 1.7: Attenuators
  14. 2: Solid-state Device Theory
  15. 2.1: Introduction to Solid-state Device Theory
  16. 2.2: Quantum Physics
  17. 2.3: Valence and Crystal Structure
  18. 2.4: Band Theory of Solids
  19. 2.5: Electrons and “holes’’
  20. 2.6: The P-N Junction
  21. 2.7: Junction Diodes
  22. 2.8: Bipolar Junction Transistors
  23. 2.9: Junction Field-effect Transistors
  24. 2.10: Insulated-gate Field-effect Transistors (MOSFET)
  25. 2.11: Thyristors
  26. 2.12: Semiconductor Manufacturing Techniques
  27. 2.13: Superconducting Devices
  28. 2.14: Quantum Devices
  29. 2.15: Semiconductor Devices in SPICE
  30. 3: Diodes and Rectifiers
  31. 3.1: Introduction to Diodes And Rectifiers
  32. 3.2: Meter Check of a Diode
  33. 3.3: Diode Ratings
  34. 3.4: Rectifier Circuits
  35. 3.5: Peak Detector
  36. 3.6: Clipper Circuits
  37. 3.7: Clamper Circuits
  38. 3.8: Voltage Multipliers (Doublers, Triplers, Quadruplers, and More)
  39. 3.9: Inductor Commutating Circuits
  40. 3.10: Diode Switching Circuits
  41. 3.11: What Are Zener Diodes?
  42. 3.12: Special-purpose Diodes
  43. 3.13: Other Diode Technologies
  44. 3.14: SPICE Models
  45. 4: Bipolar Junction Transistors
  46. 4.1: Introduction to Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT)
  47. 4.2: The Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) as a Switch
  48. 4.3: Meter Check of a Transistor (BJT)
  49. 4.4: Active-mode Operation (BJT)
  50. 4.5: The Common-emitter Amplifier
  51. 4.6: The Common-collector Amplifier
  52. 4.7: The Common-base Amplifier
  53. 4.8: The Cascode Amplifier
  54. 4.9: Biasing Techniques (BJT)
  55. 4.10: Transistor Biasing Calculations
  56. 4.11: Input and Output Coupling
  57. 4.12: Feedback
  58. 4.13: Amplifier Impedances
  59. 4.14: Current Mirror BJTs
  60. 4.15: Transistor Ratings and Packages (BJT)
  61. 4.16: BJT Quirks
  62. 5: Junction Field-effect Transistors
  63. 5.1: Introduction to Junction Field-effect Transistors (JFET)
  64. 5.2: The Junction Field-effect Transistor (JFET) as a Switch
  65. 5.3: Meter Check of a Transistor (JFET)
  66. 5.4: Active-mode Operation (JFET)
  67. 5.5: The Common-source Amplifier (JFET)
  68. 5.6: The common-drain Amplifier (JFET)
  69. 5.7: The Common-gate Amplifier (JFET)
  70. 5.8: Biasing Techniques (JFET)
  71. 5.9: Transistor Ratings and Packages (JFET)
  72. 5.10: JFET Quirks
  73. 6: Insulated-gate Field-effect Transistors
  74. 6.1: Introduction to Insulated-gate Field-effect Transistors
  75. 6.2: Depletion-type IGFETs
  76. 6.3: Enhancement-type IGFETs
  77. 6.4: Active-mode Operation (IGFET)
  78. 6.5: The Common-source Amplifier (IGFET)
  79. 6.6: The Common-drain Amplifier (IGFET)
  80. 6.7: The Common-gate Amplifier (IGFET)
  81. 6.8: Biasing Techniques (IGFET)
  82. 6.9: Transistor Ratings and Packages (IGFET)
  83. 6.10: IGFET Quirks
  84. 6.11: MESFETs
  85. 6.12: IGBTs
  86. 7: Thyristors
  87. 7.1: Hysteresis
  88. 7.2: Gas Discharge Tubes
  89. 7.3: The Shockley Diode
  90. 7.4: The DIAC
  91. 7.5: The Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR)
  92. 7.6: The TRIAC
  93. 7.7: Optothyristors
  94. 7.8: The Unijunction Transistor (UJT)
  95. 7.9: The Silicon-Controlled Switch (SCS)
  96. 7.10: Field-effect-controlled Thyristors
  97. 8: Operational Amplifiers
  98. 8.1: Introduction to Operational Amplifiers (Op-amps)
  99. 8.2: Single-ended and Differential Amplifiers
  100. 8.3: The “Operational” Amplifier
  101. 8.4: Negative Feedback
  102. 8.5: Divided Feedback
  103. 8.6: An Analogy for Divided Feedback
  104. 8.7: Voltage-to-Current Signal Conversion
  105. 8.8: Averager and Summer Circuits
  106. 8.9: Building a Differential Amplifier
  107. 8.10: The Instrumentation Amplifier
  108. 8.11: Differentiator and Integrator Circuits
  109. 8.12: Positive Feedback
  110. 8.13: Op-Amp Practical Considerations
  111. 8.14: Operational Amplifier Models
  112. 8.15: Op-Amp Data
  113. 9: Practical Analog Semiconductor Circuits
  114. 9.1: ElectroStatic Discharge
  115. 9.2: Power Supply Circuits
  116. 9.3: Amplifier Circuits
  117. 9.4: Oscillator Circuits
  118. 9.5: Phase-locked Loops
  119. 9.6: Radio Circuits
  120. 9.7: Computational Circuits
  121. 9.8: Measurement Circuits
  122. 9.9: Control Circuits
  123. 10: Active Filters
  124. 11: DC Motor Drives
  125. 11.1: Pulse Width Modulation
  126. 12: Inverters And AC Motor Drives
  127. 13: Electron Tubes
  128. 13.1: Introduction to Electron Tubes
  129. 13.2: Early Tube History
  130. 13.3: The Triode
  131. 13.4: The Tetrode
  132. 13.5: Beam Power Tubes
  133. 13.6: The Pentode
  134. 13.7: Combination Tubes
  135. 13.8: Tube Parameters
  136. 13.9: Ionization (gas-filled) Tubes
  137. 13.10: Display Tubes
  138. 13.11: Microwave Tubes
  139. 13.12: Tubes versus Semiconductors
  140. Back Matter
  141. Index
  142. Credits
  143. Index
  144. Glossary
  145. Detailed Licensing