Electric Circuits II Alternating Current

by Tony R. Kuphaldt

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AC is produced by generators in power stations and can be found in homes, radio equipment, car alternators, and even synthesizers. AC voltage has several advantages over DC voltage (generation and transmission, transformer voltage increase / decrease, electromagnetic emissions, etc.), but the analysis can be more complex, involving imaginary numbers, phasor diagrams, Laplace transforms, and even second-order differentiation equations (oscillators).

Description from LibreTexts.

Publisher
Bellingham Technical College
Subjects
Workforce, Electronics Technology
Licence
GNU Free Documentation License, as LibreTexts states it
Who can read
Tweens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

LibreTexts writes equations in TeX, and here they show as TeX; the PDF has them typeset.

  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Table of Contents
  5. Licensing
  6. 1: Basic AC Theory
  7. 1.1: What is Alternating Current (AC)?
  8. 1.2: AC Waveforms
  9. 1.3: Measurements of AC Magnitude
  10. 1.4: Simple AC Circuit Calculations
  11. 1.5: AC Phase
  12. 1.6: Principles of Radio
  13. 2: Complex Numbers
  14. 2.1: Introduction to Complex Numbers
  15. 2.2: Vectors and AC Waveforms
  16. 2.3: Simple Vector Addition
  17. 2.4: Complex Vector Addition
  18. 2.5: Polar Form and Rectangular Form Notation for Complex Numbers
  19. 2.6: Complex Number Arithmetic
  20. 2.7: More on AC “polarity”
  21. 2.8: Some Examples with AC Circuits
  22. 3: Reactance and Impedance - Inductive
  23. 3.1: AC Resistor Circuits (Inductive)
  24. 3.2: AC Inductor Circuits
  25. 3.3: Series Resistor-Inductor Circuits
  26. 3.4: Parallel Resistor-Inductor Circuits
  27. 3.5: Inductor Quirks
  28. 3.6: What Is the Skin Effect? The Skin Depth of Copper in Electrical Engineering
  29. 4: Reactance And Impedance - Capacitive
  30. 4.1: AC Resistor Circuits (Capacitive)
  31. 4.2: AC Capacitor Circuits
  32. 4.3: Series Resistor-Capacitor Circuits
  33. 4.4: Parallel Resistor-Capacitor Circuits
  34. 4.5: Capacitor Quirks
  35. 5: Reactance And Impedance - R, L, and C
  36. 5.1: Review of R, X, and Z
  37. 5.2: Series R, L, and C
  38. 5.3: Parallel R, L, and C
  39. 5.4: Series-parallel R, L, and C
  40. 5.5: Susceptance and Admittance
  41. 5.6: R, L and C Summary
  42. 6: Resonance
  43. 6.1: An Electric Pendulum
  44. 6.2: Simple Parallel (Tank Circuit) Resonance
  45. 6.3: Simple Series Resonance
  46. 6.4: Applications of Resonance
  47. 6.5: Resonance in Series-Parallel Circuits
  48. 6.6: Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit
  49. 7: Polyphase AC Circuits
  50. 7.1: Single-Phase Power Systems
  51. 7.2: Three-phase Power Systems
  52. 7.3: Phase Rotation
  53. 7.4: Polyphase Motor Design
  54. 7.5: Three-phase Y and Delta Configurations
  55. 7.6: Three-phase Transformer Circuits
  56. 7.7: Harmonics in Polyphase Power Systems
  57. 7.8: Harmonic Phase Sequences
  58. 8: Mixed-Frequency AC Signals
  59. 8.1: Introduction to Mixed-Frequency AC Signals
  60. 8.2: Square Wave Signals
  61. 8.3: Other Waveshapes
  62. 8.4: More on Spectrum Analysis
  63. 8.5: Circuit Effects
  64. 9: Filters
  65. 9.1: What is a Filter?
  66. 9.2: Low-pass Filters
  67. 9.3: High-pass Filters
  68. 9.4: Band-pass Filters
  69. 9.5: Band-stop Filters
  70. 9.6: Resonant Filters
  71. 9.7: Summary of Filters
  72. 10: Transformers
  73. 10.1: Mutual Inductance and Basic Operation
  74. 10.2: Step-up and Step-down Transformers
  75. 10.3: Electrical Isolation
  76. 10.4: Phasing
  77. 10.5: Winding Configurations
  78. 10.6: Voltage Regulation
  79. 10.7: Special Transformers and Applications
  80. 10.8: Practical Considerations - Transformers
  81. 11: Power Factor
  82. 11.1: Power in Resistive and Reactive AC circuits
  83. 11.2: True, Reactive, and Apparent Power
  84. 11.3: Calculating Power Factor
  85. 11.4: Practical Power Factor Correction
  86. 12: AC Metering Circuits
  87. 12.1: AC Voltmeters and Ammeters
  88. 12.2: Frequency and Phase Measurement
  89. 12.3: Power Measurement
  90. 12.4: Power Quality Measurement
  91. 12.5: AC Bridge Circuits
  92. 12.6: AC Instrumentation Transducers
  93. 13: AC Motors
  94. 13.1: Introduction to AC Motors
  95. 13.2: Synchronous Motors
  96. 13.3: Synchronous Condenser
  97. 13.4: Reluctance Motor
  98. 13.5: Stepper Motors
  99. 13.6: Brushless DC Motor
  100. 13.7: Tesla Polyphase Induction Motors
  101. 13.8: Wound Rotor Induction Motors
  102. 13.9: Single-phase Induction Motors
  103. 13.10: Other Specialized Motors
  104. 13.11: Selsyn (Synchro) Motors
  105. 13.12: AC Commutator Motors
  106. 14: Transmission Lines
  107. 14.1: A 50-Ohm Cable?
  108. 14.2: Circuits and the Speed of Light
  109. 14.3: Characteristic Impedance
  110. 14.4: Finite-length Transmission Lines
  111. 14.5: “Long’’ and “Short’’ Transmission Lines
  112. 14.6: Standing Waves and Resonance
  113. 14.7: Impedance Transformation
  114. 14.8: Waveguides
  115. Back Matter
  116. Index
  117. Credits
  118. Index
  119. Glossary
  120. Detailed Licensing