14: White Blood Cells- Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN)

A Laboratory Guide to Clinical Hematology · LibreTexts

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    • 14.1: Introduction to Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs)
      This page discusses Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs), which are clonal disorders caused by genetic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells, leading to excessive myeloid cell proliferation. Primarily affecting middle-aged adults, MPNs can also occur in children. The 2008 WHO classification identifies four main types of MPNs: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML), Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocytopenia (ET), and Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF), with other types also acknowledged.
    • 14.2: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
      This page covers chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), focusing on its myeloid cell proliferation in middle-aged adults, and outlines its three progression phases: chronic, accelerated, and blast. It identifies clinical features like leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and anemia, alongside laboratory findings of elevated white blood cells and myeloid hyperplasia.
    • 14.3: Polycythemia Vera (PV)
      This page discusses polycythemia vera (PV), a myeloproliferative neoplasm resulting from JAK2 mutations, leading to increased erythrocyte production typically in individuals around 60 years old. It highlights elevated counts of red and white blood cells and platelets, noting that PV does not easily progress to acute leukemia unlike chronic myelogenous leukemia but may cause fibrosis.
    • 14.4: Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)
      This page discusses Essential Thrombocythemia (ET), marked by elevated platelet counts (≥450 x10^9/L), primarily in individuals aged 50-60. Although often asymptomatic, symptoms can include thrombosis and bleeding from dysfunctional platelets. Diagnostic lab results show hypercellular bone marrow and abnormal platelet shapes. It also contrasts ET with reactive thrombocytosis, a benign condition with lower platelet counts (up to 1000 x10^9/L) and normal platelet function.
    • 14.5: Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF)
      This page covers primary myelofibrosis, a disorder with bone marrow fibrosis and extramedullary hematopoiesis, primarily affecting individuals over 50 of both genders. It outlines key mutations (JAK 2 V617F, CALR, MPL) and disease progression from a prefibrotic stage with hypercellularity to a fibrotic stage, which presents with leukoerythroblastic features, teardrop cells, and varied blood cell counts. Lab results may show dysplastic platelets and potential pancytopenia in advanced stages.

    This page titled 14: White Blood Cells- Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) was last modified on Fri, 11 Sep 2026 16:39:55 GMT and is shared under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Valentin Villatoro and Michelle To (Open Education Alberta) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.