5.11: Takeaways

Reading, Writing, Research, and Reasoning: An Advanced ESL Text · LibreTexts

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    Summary

    In this chapter we

    • identified the three main rhetorical appeals: ethos, pathos, and logos
    • analyzed arguments in readings to find and evaluate ethos, pathos, and logos
    • analyzed the structure of logical syllogisms
    • practiced finding, naming, explaining, and refuting logical fallacies
    • analyzed concession and counterargument in readings and learned language strategies for comparing multiple perspectives
    • identified and practiced language for hedging

    Questions for reflection

    • How can you use strategies for analyzing arguments outside of school?
    • What concepts in this chapter did you already know intuitively from your own life experience?
    • What concepts in this chapter did you already know from studying math and science?
    • How do you think different languages or cultures approach argumentation differently?
    • Find an essay, article, advertisement, or political speech. What kind of persuasive appeals does the writer use? Are they effective?
    • Look back at 5.2: Sample Student Research Essay - Fast Fashion and the other sample essays in this book. What are the writers' major and minor premises? Can you find examples of ethos, pathos, and logos? Concession and counterargument? Hedging language? What other concessions or counterarguments might you address on the same topic?

    Licenses and Attributions

    CC Licensed Content: Original

    Authored by Gabriel Winer, Berkeley City College. License: CC BY NC.

    This page titled 5.11: Takeaways was last modified on Sun, 09 Mar 2025 17:17:26 GMT and is shared under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Gabriel Winer and Elizabeth Wadell (ASCCC Open Educational Resources Initiative (OERI)) .