12: Ionic Compounds Have Common Properties and Reactions

CHEM 111 and CHEM 113 (General Chemistry I and II) · LibreTexts

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    • 12.1: Overview and Objectives
      The information in this chapter will help you to apply the concepts of solubility to the dissolution of ionic solutes.
    • 12.2: Solubility and Molecular Structure
      This page discusses the correlation between solubility and molecular structure, focusing on dissolution and crystallization processes. It describes how solute particles become solvated and diffuse in a solvent and establishes a dynamic equilibrium. Furthermore, it differentiates between crystallization, which results in a structured solid, and precipitation, which can lead to any solid phase.
    • 12.3: Determining the Solubility of Ionic Compounds
      This page focuses on the learning objective of calculating the solubility of ionic compounds using their solubility product constant (Ksp). It highlights the importance of understanding the connection between Ksp values and the solubility of ionic substances in solution, a fundamental concept in chemistry.
    • 12.4: Solubility and pH
      This page explores the impact of pH on the solubility of sparingly soluble salts, particularly those from weak acids, highlighting how acidity enhances solubility by protonation of anions. It discusses limestone cave formation through CaCO3 dissolution and precipitate formation.
    • 12.5: Qualitative Analysis Using Selective Precipitation
      This page explores qualitative analysis for identifying metal ions in mixtures via selective precipitation. It outlines five groups of steps: precipitating chlorides, acid-insoluble sulfides, base-insoluble sulfides and hydroxides, carbonates and phosphates, and alkali metals. Each step selectively eliminates specific metal cations, facilitating the identification of different ions in a solution.

    This page titled 12: Ionic Compounds Have Common Properties and Reactions was last modified on Thu, 13 Aug 2026 01:22:18 GMT and is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Kathy Davis, Terrie Salupo-Bryant, Mark Bryant and Jeff Osborne.