Evening Star (Washington, D.C.)
January 8, 1935

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WEATHER. ν (Ο. 8. Weather Bureau Forecast.) Occasional rain with mild temperature tonight and tomorrow, lowest tonight about 46 degrees; colder tomorrow night. Temperatures—Highest, 56. at 3 p.m. yesterday; lowest, 44, at 3 a.m. today. Pull report on page A-9. Closing Ν. Y. Markets, Pages 11,12,13 The only evening paper in Washington with the Associated Press News and Wirephoto services. tot DO out MIT Yesterday's Circulation, 131,193 Borne Return* Hot Yet Received V QO -inΛ Entered as second class matter jNO. ΟΟ,Ιώϊ. post office. Washington, P. C. WASHINGTON, D. C., TUESDAY, JANUARY 8, 1935—THIRTY PAGES. UP) Mean· Associated Pr···. TWO CENTS. NEIGHBOR IDENTIFIES BRUNO AS MAN HE SAW NEAR LINDBERGH ROAD Ladder in Auto Described by Witness. OFFICER DENIES FINGERPRINTS Methods of Police Criticized by Defense. (Copyiilht, 19.13. by the Associated Press.) FLEMINGTON, N. J.. January 8 An aged former neighbor of Col. Charles A. Lindbergh pointed a palsied finger at the accused Bruno Richard Hauptmann today and declared he saw him near the Lindbergh home on the day Charles Augustus Lindbergh, jr.. was stolen from his crib and slain. The witness. Amandus Hochmuth, 8". positively identified Hauptmann as a man in a dirty green automobile who passed his home on March 1. 1932, turned into the Lindbergh road and "glared at me as if he saw a ghost!" He also said he saw "some of the ladder In the car." The melodramatic surprise—height ened by the extinguishing of the court room lights just as the old man first pointed accusingly at Hauptmann— was sandwiched between two other high lights of the morning session. The State failed in its second at tempt to get the ladder down v.hich it contends the baby was carried to its death into evidence, and the defense pursued a vigorous attack upon the efficiency of the New Jersey police after two State troopers testified they could find no fingerprints in the Lind bergh nursery, on the ladder or on the ransom note which Lindbergh iound on the nursery window sill. Blocked as Evidence. The defense successfully blocked the ladder from evidence on the ground that it had not been properly identi fied. The court ruled, however, that the ladder could oe again offered into evidence after more identification tes timony about it had been presented. Hockmuth. who turned out to be the mysterious old man who paced the jail in front of Hauptmann's cell several weeks ago, electrified the packed court when he gave his testi mony. And there was a gasp when he stepped down from the stand and gingerly touched the Bronx carpenter with his hand. Hauptmann rolled his head nega tively back and forth. The old man testified he was stand ing on the porch of his home in the forenoon on March 1, 1932. His home, he explained, was on the main high way intersection with the lane that runs to the Lindbergh place in Hope well. "Well." he said. "I saw a car coming round the corner, pretty good speed, and I expected it to turn over on the ditch. And as the car was about 25—I should judge about 25 feet away from me. the man in there looked out of the window like this He turned his head toward the jury to show them how. and he glared at me as if he saw a ghost." Prisoner Identified. Queried Attorney General David T. Wilentz: "And the man that you saw looking out of that automobile glaring at you in the manner that you say, is he in this room?" "Yes," Hochmuth said. "'Where is he?" The witness raised a shaking arm. pointed a finger. "Alongside the trooper there!" The lights went out with Hoch muth's finger still pointed at Bruno Hauptmann. There was objection from the de fense as the State invited the witness to step down and lay a hand on the defendant's shoulder. It was quickly straightened out and the old man ambled directly toward Hauptmann, his right arm extended. Spectators leaned forward, held their breath. The old man lightly touched Hauptmann's shoulder, and quickly withdrew his hand. The spectators drew breath in unison. The defense couldn't shake the identification. Boomed Edward J. Reilly, chief of Hauptmann's staff: "Did that State trooper point out Bruno Richard Hauptmann to you as he sat in his seat?" The old man's answer had all the spirit that 87 years could muster. "No!" it was. Capt. John J. Lamb and Lieut. John (Continued on Page 5, Column 1.) 16 DEAD IN RAIL WRECK Moscow Will Execute Those Held Besponsible for Crash. MOSCOW. January 8 (/P).—Sixteen persons were killed and 67 injured in the collision Sunday of two ex press trains 130 miles south of Lenin grad, it was learned today. Soviet officials in Leningrad are in vestigating the accident and persons held responsible for it will be shot. Errand of Mercy Fatal. PRATTVTTiT.K, Ala., January 8 (A>). —An errand of mercy proved fatal for Lieut. James L. Majors of Shreve port, La. The Maxwell Field officer was crushed to death in the wreckage oi his United States Army observation plane near here last night as he re turned from Aliceville. Ala., where he had taken an enlisted man, whose father was critically ill. Boston College Dean Dies. BOSTON, January 8 (A*).—Rev Patrick J. McHugh, S. J.. 49. dean of Boston College for the past 14 years, died suddenly after a heart attack at the faculty residence at University Heights today. Will This Ladder "Break" Again? Is this the ladder which broke under the weight of the kidnaper of the Lindbergh baby? Will it fail also to support the State's case against Bruno Richard Hauptmann? It was on this ladder that the prosecution planned to rest important "surprise'" testimony against Hauptmann, but vigorous objections of the defense so far have thwarted introduction of the ladder as evidence. —Wide World Photo. ΙΟΥ RULING ROME ON FRENCH PACES Mussolini Bids Farewell to Laval at Station—Ac cords Listed. By the Associated Press. ROME. January 8—With an agree- j ment signed by Premier Mussolini in his portmanteau, Pierre Laval, French foreign minister, started back for France today. Both Mussolini and Laval smiled broadly as they stood in the railroad station. Their smiles were repre sentative of the joy that reigns in i Rome over the signing yesterday of the Franco-Italian accord. The two foreign ministers—for II Duce is not only premier of Italy but j foreign minister as well—talked cor dially for five minutes before the train departed. II Duce gave Mile. Josee Laval a bouquet of pink orchids. Shakes Hands With Duce. Laval shook hands with Mussolini and Fulvio Suvich, undersecretary of foreign affairs. As the train pulled out of the sta tion the French statesman stood on its steps, waving his hat while Musso lini waved back. Before Laval left his hotel this morning he received the ministers of the Little Entente—Yugoslavia, Czech oslavia and Rumania—and of Austria and gave them the latest information on the non-interference pact he and Mussolini devised and which now will be submitted to their governments for approval. All these ministers went to the statièn to see him off. Agreements Summarised. The agreements the two statesmen reached during their conversations here may now be summed up as fol lows: 1. A pact of consultation—by this accord France and Italy are to con sult each other whenever any ques tion in European interest arises. Although both Laval and Mussolini specifically stated in speeches yester day that their pacts were not di rected against any one, this consulta tive pact particularly affects Ger many. It is in this pact that the independence of Austria is mentioned, France and Italy agreeing to consult each other regarding what action they are to take whenever Austrian inde pendence may be menaced. 2. A pact of non-intervention—this is to be signed by Austria and her neighbor states. If Germany signs, (Continued on Page 3, Column"7.) FOG BARS OCEAN LINERS FROM NEW YORK HARBOR Ships Held Off Ambrose Light, Bather Than Bisk Danger in Murky Mist. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, January β.—Fog bound ships, overdue in New York Harbor, waited off Ambrose Light today rather than risk coming into the harbor through murky mists. Five liners, due to arrive yesterday morning, were among those waiting for the fog to lift. They were the Canadian Pacific liner Empress of Britain, from Nassau; the Cunard Anchor Transylvania, from Glascow; the Borinquen, from Santo Domingo: the Stuyvesant, from the West Indies, and the Pastores, also from the West Indies. The Cunard-White Star liner Fran conia, from Southampton; the Grace liner Santa Rita, from Valparaiso, and the Swedish-American liner Drot tingholm, from Gothenburg, all due this morning, were held off Ambrose Light. Ferry schedules were disrupted. 1SAARLANDERS All FROM U. S. Group Preparing to Vote in Plebiscite Greeted by 15,000 Nazis. By the Associated Press. SAARBRUECKEN, Saar Basin Ter ritory, January 8 —Led by 73-year-old Katherine Oberst of Los Angeles, 380 American Saarlanders arrived today to vote in next Sunday's plebiscite. Defying the Plebiscite Commission's order against mass demonstrations, the Nazi German front gathered 15,000 enthusiasts at the railway station to give the Americans a rousing welcome. Of the 380, about 300 are eligible to vote. They entered the Saar Basin Territory from Germany, where they were feted in Berlin and Hamburg. Served Coffee in Cafe. The Americans carried their suit cases for a half-mile through a solid line of Saarlanders singing "Deutsch land Uber Allés'' and with their arms raised in the Nazi salute. The Americans walked from the station to a cafe where coffee was served and then were taken in auto mobiles to the homes where they are to stay. Ten commandments to force im petuous Hitlerites into iron-bound silence during the January 13 plebis cite. thus avoiding wholesale disquali fication of voters, were laid down by Nazi leaders. The German Front, Nazi organiza tion, alarmed by the disqualification in the preliminary vote yesterday of an old woman for remarking, "I was born a German and will die a Ger man," announced the regulations. "Heil Hitler" Banned. The first commandment is "Do not say 'Hell Hitler.' This phrase cost hundreds of public servants their bal lots yesterday, under the rigid regu lations laid down by the government commission for the conduct of the plebiscite. Another warns against speaking when entering the voting booth and the last enjoins a quick and silent de parture after the ballot is cast. Strict adherence to election techni calities, such as marking and folding the ballots, was stressed in the other seven orders. If the Nazi voters obey, the Sunday balloting will see the most silent pro cession of Hitlerites since the Reichs fuehrer attained dominance. GUARDS SLAY FRIEND Follow Orders to Always "Shoot to Kill." MADRID, January 8 (JP).—A squad of assault guards today fired on "a certain automobile" when Its driver, Instead of obeying orders to halt, waved a friendly greeting to the squad. The guards, who maintain a tra dition of always shooting to kill, pulled the body of the chauffeur out from behind the wheel. They found they had killed the driver of a police car returning from a hospital to which he had taken a sick captain of assault guards. BILL AGAINST NUDISM Measure Would Declare Personal Exposure Misdemeanor. ALBANY, Ν. Y., January 8 (Λ").— An antinudist bill is before the New York Legislature. Senator John T. McCall. New York Democrat, introduced a bill last night making personal exposure "in the presence of two or more members of the opposite sex also expoeed" a misdemeanor. I Ν. R. Κ WILL FIGHI FOU CODE DESPITE DECISION OE COUR1 New Deal Not Discouragec by Ruling Against Oil Control. AGRICULTURAL PROGRAM BELIEVED ENDANGEREC New Legislation Is Being Dis cussed—Fair Competition Not Declared Questioned. By the Associated Press. The New Deal, deprived of a pol tron of N. R. A. which the Supremi Court tossed out of the window as un constitutional, still strove today U keep the Federal lid on "hot oil." At the same time the belief was ex· pressed in one quarter on Capitol Hil that the high tribunal's act in scrap ping an oil control provision in thi national industrial recovery ac spelled the doom of some other Nev Deal legislation. Senator Adams. Democrat, of Colo rado said some of the laws behind ;h( Government's agricultural prograir contained provisions similar to the oi control features which the Supremi Court killed on the ground Congres; has delegated too much law-makinj 1 jower to the President. "We have gone the whole way ir these delegations,'' said Adams. "I can hardly be expected that the court: will uphold all the delegations Con gress attempted. It inevitably wil affect some of the agricultural agen rips Provision Scrapped. The section scrapped by an 8-to-' decision was 9C. under which thi Government has been undertaking ti bar from interstate commerce oil pro duced in excess of quotas fixed b; State agencies. This petroleum i known as "hot oil." Secretary Ickes. oil administrator noted that the decision "did not ruli on the oil code," embodied in othe parts of N. R. A. "We still have that code and wil continue to operate," he declared ι "We will attempt to regulate hot oi with every resource we have." New Law to Be Sought. At his press conference today Icke said he will seek new legislation t regulate production and shipment ο illegally produced oil. He added h would confer immediately with Chair man Coie of the House Commerc Subcommittee investigating the oi Industry, but would not draft a bil pending action by that group. "I don't think that the country wil ever be in the position to control th oil situation without further legisla tion." Ickes said. "It is absolutel; inevitable that there will be an ap proach to the conditions before the O; Administration took hold. "There will not only be an incentiv but an opportunity for one man ti steal the oil of another man. Unde; the weight of increased productioi prices can't hold. "I'm not predicting when it wil happen: I'm saying it will happen." He expressed belief the Cole Com mittee. which recently reported agains Federal regulation at this time, wouli submit a bill. Pointing out that only one sectioi of the recovery act was declared ille gal. Ickes said the law might havi been "more carefully and skillfull; drawn." He added the Petroleum Adminis j trative Board would discuss imme ί diately with the Justice Departmen the question of what could be done. Hope Seen in Congre·*. "While we intend to do the best wi can with the means available to us.' he said, "the basic remedy rests witl Congress. The decision of the court in my opinion, emphasizes the neces sity for specific and adequate legisla tion to effectuate the rational conser vation program designed to preven the waste of oil and gas resources ant (.Continued on Page 4, Column 2.) 11 KILLED ÀSPLÀHE HITS TROOP COLUMN Eleven Other Indian Soldiers In jured. Two Plyers Slightly Hurt and Ship Is Wrecked. By the Associated Press. KARACHI, India, January 8. Eleven Indian soldiers were killed am 11 others seriously injured today whei an airplane of the Indian Air Force crashed into troops during maneuver near the Hubb River today. The pilot, Flying Officer H. C. Sir car, and his observer were slightly in jured. The plane was wrecked. The Hubb River, also known as th Hab, Is in Western India. It flow into the Arabian Sea. ''Bucket Brigades" Watch Fire. BELMONT, Miss.. January 8 (Λ»). Volunteer "bucket brigades" of Bel mont townsmen stood by the smould ering ruins of three business house here today to guard against possibl rekindling by wind of a Are that fo a while last night threatened the en tire business area. Internal Revenue Levies Bring $2,300,816,308 During Year. By the Associated Press. A jump oi 42 per cent in internal 1 revenue taxes collected by the Gov ernment in the fiscal year ended last I June 30 was announced at the Treas I ury today. Collections amounted to $2,300,816 308. a gain of $680,977,084. or 42 per 1 j cent, over the fiscal year 1933. This was exclusive of agricultural adjust ment taxes, which totaled $371,422. 885 64 during the year. The gain in j general revenue reflected additional r levies and increases in collections on old ones. A breakdown by the Internal Rev enue Bureau showed that income tax collections amounted to $817,025. 339.72. compared with $746,791,404.11 for the preceding year, a gam of per cent. Collections of miscellaneous In ternal revenue taxes amounted to $1,483,790,969.19. as compared with $873,047,820 19. the previous year, rep resenting a gain of 70 per cent. This increase was accounted for, in round numbers, by $175,000,000 from 1 the new taxes imposed by the Ν. I. R. A on capital stock, dividends, ex cess profits, and additional tax on gasoline; $215,000,000 from liquor 1 taxes as a result of prohibition repeal. the liquor taxing act of 1934 and a 1 full year of returns from beer taxes: $79,000,000 from estate and gift taxes under the provisions of the revenue ι act of 1932. $110,000,000 from manu 1 facturers' excise taxes, and levies on communications, pipe line transpor 1 taiton and checks: $22,000,000 from tobacco levies and $9,000,000 from stamp taxes. The State of New York led all oth ers in total collections, returning $568,002,279.54, or 21.26 per cent of the total. New Mexico returned.the smallest amount of any State. $870,· 198.12, or .03 per cent of the total. "GUN GIRL" AND MAN FACE MURDER CHARGE Series of Hold-Ups and Killing Said to Have Been Executed In Single Night. I By the Associated Press. NEW YORK. January 8.—A 17 year-old alleged "gun girl," accused with Michael Clancy. 27, of crowding one killing and a series of hold-ups into one night of crime, lounged in a cell today as the district attorney·» office prepared to ask her indictment for first-degree murder. The girl, Marian Murphy, and Clancy were arraigned yesterday in Homicide Court for the fatal shooting of Michael Cunnifl, 31. in a bar room hold-up Saturday. As the two were brought into court Clancy called, police said, to Marian: "Cover up, sugar. Don't give those bums a chance." PAY MEETING SOUGHT McCarran Seeks Conference of Civil Service Committee. Ready to push for early considéra· tion of the Government pay restora tion bill. Senator McCarran. Demo crat, of Nevada will confer later to day with Chairman Bulow of the Senate Civil Service Committee to see when a meeting of the committee can be arranged Senator McCarran introduced in the Senate late yesterday a bill, similar to one already proposed in the House, calling for restoration of the re maining S per cent of Federal pay as of January 1. "All a MistakeSays Farley Of Stamp Favoritism Charge "It was all a mistake." That was the explanation made today by Postmaster General Farley in answer to complaints of the Nor folk, Va., Philatelic Society that he had distributed to friends sheets of stamps not available to the public. He told reporters several sheets of commemorative stamps were pur chased by him and his associates for gifts to friends. President Roosevelt. Mrs. Roosevelt, Secretary Ickes and S Col. Louis McHenry Howe, presi dential secretary, received some. "The worst part, of it was," Parley said, "when that Mother's day stamp came out, I think Mrs. Roosevelt got one of the sheets and another got loose. That's probably the one that is down in Norfolk. I autographed it myself. It was all a mistake. That's what caused all this embar rassment. \11 these sheets were bought and paid for." J District Exceeds 34 States in Total Income Payments Paid Comhination of Τaxes G renter Τ han Τ hat of Any One of 26. The District of Columbia paid more income taxes during the fiscal yeai 1934 than any one of 34 States. It paid a combination of income taxes and miscellaneous taxes amount ing to more than that paid by any one of 1'6 States. Including even agricultural adjust ment taxes, of which this city paid a relatively small amount, this city paid more total internal revenue taxes than any one of 19 States. This high standing of the District of Columbia as a contributor of taxes to support of the Federal Govern ment was revealed today by the com missioner of internal revenue. Guy Τ Helvering. in his annual report. Percentage figures on both popula tion and taxes show that this citj paid more than twice as much as lti (Continued on Page 3, Column 1.) LONG AGAIN LOSES ANSELL SKIRMISH D. C. Supreme Court Denies Additional Details on Libel Suit. Senator Huey Long of Louisiana lost the third round of his legal skirmish with Gen. Samuel T. Ansell today, I when District Supreme Court Justice Daniel W. O'Donoghue dismissed his request for a more detailed statement of the $500,000 libel suit pending against him. In opposing the Senator's motion, counsel for Gen. Ansell said: "After two abortive attempts tc evade the jurisdiction of this court the defendant for the tjiird time comes into court and, appearing spe cially for the purpose.' files a motion that presumes to go to the merits o! the matters to be tried. He thus sub mits himself to the jurisdiction ol the court. The motion, to say the least of it, is utterly groundless." Justice O'Donoghue dismissed the motion without comment. The libel suit was filed by Gen Ansell after copies of a speech madi in the Senate by Senator Long hac been sent to numerous persons ir Washington and Louisiana. He as serted statements in the speech wen untrue and had resulted in damagt to him. Long had asked the court to requin tfce plaintiff to state whether hi claimed the alleged libel was a cor rect copy of the speech, and. if not in what particulars it was incorrect whether he claimed the alleged libe was sent through the mails under ar official frank, and whether the head ings written by Senator Long correct ly represented the text of the speech Senator Long first claimed he couli not be served with process in a civi suit while attending a session of Con gress on the theory he was protecteney will be spent instead of giving it to the President in a lump sum to allot as he sees fit. There also were expressions of belief from Western progressives that $4,000, 000.C00 will not be enough and that •wages prevailing in industry" should be paid to relief workers instead of the President's plan to pay less. Concede Lump Sum to Pass. But many Democrats expressed ap proval of the plan, and with that party's majorities so huge, even the bitterest opponents of the lump-sum idea agreed privately that it would go through without major change. Some routine tasks delayed until Thursday the initial consideration in the House of the thing President Roosevelt wants first. This is the $880.000.000 for immediate relief dur· ing the dole-to-jobs transition. Leaders were seeking to get the re lief and works proposals out of the way "before the pressure starts." Al ready some legislators are receivinl protests about the plan to return 1. 500.000 "unemployables to the care of the States. Buchanan Reserves Comment. Chairman Buchanan. Democrat, of Texas, of the House Appropriations Committee, had reserved until today his comment oil the President's budget proposals "The budget for this year—1935— was $8 581.000 000. For next year It is $8.520.000.000. Receipts for 1935 will be $3.711.000.000. Receipts for 1938 Will be $3.991 000.000. "That shows that the receipts are going up and the expenditures going down—not as fast as I would like, but that's an encouraging sign. The re ceipts show recovery in the first in stance and the expenditures economy in the second. "The ordinary expenditures of the Government next year will be. under this budget, less than the receipts. That shows that when things pick up, we can have a balanced budeet Sen Ne Alternative. Although he has a long-time record of opposing lump-sum appropriations, Buchanan said he did not see how Congress could do anything else now. "Neither this committee nor all the committees in Congress working to gether could allocate all this money in time for its expenditure to do any good." he contended. Yesterday's reaction to the budget ranged from the remarks of Senator Robinson of Arkansas. Democratic leader, that it revealed "a gratifying situation" to a comment of Represent ative Snell, Republican floor leader in the House, who said: "It looks like we'll all have a lot of money by and by." There was some cloak-room talk today about one statement in the President's message that escaped par ticular attention yesterday. He said, "I do not consider it advisable at this time to propose any new or additional taxes for the fiscal year 1936." Hint on Bonus Seen. Some who preferred not to be quot ed by name pointed to that as a thinly veiled hint that if Congress passed the $2,100,000,000 bonus, the President would ask new taxes. They found additional weight for that belief in a speech last night by Speaker Byrns. He said that "unless some exceptional and unforeseen bur den develops, I don't look for any sub stantial change" in taxes. As for the administration's social security program. Senator Robinson, Democratic leader, has said the Pres ident probably would send a special message this week urging unemploy ment insurance and old age pensions. He said it would cost the Federal Gov. ernment $100,000.000 the first year, with States taking more of the burden later. MRS. WILLIAM W00DIN FILES DIVORCE SUIT Br tbe Associated Press. TUCSON, Ariz.. January 8.—The marriage of William H. Woodin. son of the late Secretary of the Treasury, has reached the divorce court here. His wife. Mrs. Carolyn Hyde Woodin. charged mental cruelty in a suit filed yesterday. She asked the court for (3,000 a month in alimony, her share of community property and the cus tody of their son. William H. Woodin, 3rd. Woodin has made his home in re cent years on a desert ranch. The couple was married at Plainfield, N. J., December 29, 1922. Guide for Readers Page. Amusements B-14 Comics B-ll Features B-10 Finance A-12-13 Lost and Found A-9 Radio B-8 Serial Story B-9 Short Story B-5 Society B-2 Sports A-14-15 4 J m\*

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MESSAGE FRANK ON II. S FINANCES Budget Note Presents Facts of Spending Without Pretense. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. President Roosevelt's budget mes sage Is the most amazing document of his administration. It is amazing because it naively presents the picture of what the Federal Government Is spending and lending and makes no pretense of planning at any definite time for a balanced budget. It presupposes the excellence of the eredit of the United States for an equally indefinite period of time. There is no answer in it to all the cries that the soundness of the dollar Is related directly to the future of the American citizen's life savings, whether invested in life insurance policies or placed in banks in the iorm of deposits. Currency Inflation is not mentioned In the message and is brushed aside by administration officials in their Informal comment as not to be con sidered for the present at least. 12,000,000.000 Nest Egg. The $2.000.000.000 stabilization fund is referred to as a nest egg, to be used indefinitely to support the Government's own operations in keep ing up the value of Government bonds and the value of the dollar. Is the indefinite borrowing a dis concerting prospect? Is it one that should give cause for alarm? The answer is a simple one—not if the American people continue to have faith that the emergency for which all the lending and spending is done will not be long-lived. The public debt, for instance, is now officially estimated to rise to a peak of $34,200,000,000 by the end of June, 1936. and the budget is to be out of balance close to $4.000,000,000 in that very year when, as a matter of fact, Mr. Roosevelt a year ago in his mes sage to Congress held out hope that in 1936 he would present a balanced budget. How big can the Federal debt go Rithout shaking the credit foundations Of the country? Some officials here think it can go up to $50,000.000,000. It should not be forgotten that the States and cities have a debt of about $20.000,000,000. so that if the Federal debt goes to 50 billions, the total gov ernmental debt—Federal. State and city—would amount to $70,000.000,000. Speed of Repayment. If borrowings can be continued at »n average rate of 3 per cent, it would cost the Nation aboiû $2.110,000.000 a year for interest charges. Then the query comes down to this: How fast should a national debt be paid off? Heretofore Congress has figured on 20 years for the maturity of bonds. But as a matter of practice governmental debts are not paid as a rule at ma turity. but renewed by the flotation of new loans, so it has been suggested that America might do as Britain does: Namely, float loans in the first Instance for 50 or 75 years. Some British "consols" are 99-year debts. It has been assumed that what Britain can do. America can do. So if the amount paid off on princi pal each year is a small sum, as, for instance, $100,000.000 to $200.000,000. depending on economic conditions, an interest charge of $1,500,000.000 on a $50.000.000,000 debt would not break down America's credit. Limit Questioned. The real problem is whether the Federal debt can Be held at $30.000, 000.000. It is running up fast. It went up five and a half billions under the four years of the Hoover adminis tration and the country thought not enough was being done for recovery, so the Roosevelt administration has estimated its deficits for three years at close to $12,000.000,000. "ITiat's about seventeen and a half billions in all for the six years of depression. Will the deficits be ended in 1937? Not if the recovery objectives have not been achieved. It would not be sur prising if the total deficits went up another three or four billions beyond the twelve, so that the Roosevelt ad ministration will have increased the public debt from $16,000.000,000 to Something like $36,000,000,000. The administration has indorsed plans, however, fof about three to five billions a year for natural resource development, and estimates $105,000, 000,000 as a possible expenditure if the Government embarks on a scheme of control which is closely akin to State socialism. Some such item as this would probably break down credit, but the conservative forces in the ad ministration predict that the ending of the unemployment problem in the next five or six years will see the end of large spending programs. But no body can really be sure about any i thing as long as budget balancing isn't taken seriously enough here to warrant an official estimate or plan. (Copyright. 1935.) FUSION DEMOCRATS PICK FIVE FOR JOBS Appointments to Posts Held by Organization Due in Mont gomery. >7 a Staff Correspondent ol The Star. ROCKVILLE, Md„ January 8 Recommendations for the appoint ment of five Progressive Democrats to positions held by Democratic organiza tion appointees were to be made to the Board of Montgomery County Com missioners this afternoon by the Spe cial Patronage Committee of the Pro gressive Democratic faction. They include Edwin J. Gray of Edgemoor for building inspector In the western suburban district, Harry M. Williams of Poolesvllle for police court clerk, Peyton M. Mannar of Potomac lor county sanitary inspector, and Jaclc S. Eaton of Chevy Chase and Frank P. Welsh of Wheaton as mem bers of the Liquor Control Board. The recommendations are made for positions which have been assigned to the Progressive Democratic faction under the recent division of county jobs between Republican party and Progressive Democratic factions under the county's new Fusion administra tion. It Is understood that the Fusion wing controlling the county board would appoint Gray and Williams this afternoon. It was said that action on the three other recommendations probably will be deferred for a few days to allow the county commission ers to examine the qualifications of the men. Governor Shoots Senator. MEXICO, D. F„ January 8 (Λ·).— Benator Moises Huerta, vice president of the Permanent Congressional Com mission, was shot, and wounded last night by Gov. Adolfo Bonillas of the State of Tlaxcala after an argument In a restaurant. Bonillas has been severely attacked lh the Senate and Chamber of "Deputies. What's What Behind Newsj In Capital New Budget System of Roosevelt Defies Critical Analysis. BY PAUL MALtON. A BUDGET Is a simple thing. You figure how much money you expect to have coming In and how much you expect to spend. President Roosevelt figures his In come next year will be a little higher, because business will be a little better and more taxes will be coming in. He expects his expenses will be about the same, because what little econo mies he can make in unemployment relief must go to improve the na tional defense and other things. On that basis he accounts himself as being $4,800,000,000 behind this year and predicts he will be $4,500, 000,000 behind next year. That is all you need fo Know about the budget. At least, it is about all you will find out. if you dig through the S71 printed budget pages (size of c large dictionary) from now until doomsday. With Mr. Roosevelt, budget making is at once a science and an art. He became interested in the subject when he was Governor of New York, and those around him can see that he likes it. Not So Easy Now. Last year he Introduced the dou ble-entry bookkeeping system. He counted his income in one column, but his expenses in two columns, one for real expenses and one for emer gency expenses. His adversaries figured that one out easily. They added up the two expense columns. This year they will not find it so easy. He has moved some of the emergency items (Tennessee Valley, public buildings) back into the regular budget column. He has started to combine his two expense columns, so it is extremely difficult to tell which is which. That will hinder any critical com parison between proposed and past j expenses. But he has worked in an other new idea which will absolutely ι prevent such comparisons He has lumped the biggest Item of expense in one single fi(fure, the $3,900,000,000 he proposes to spend for "relie! of .unemployment." An added complication Is the fact that the regular budget is not seg regated and totaled as last year. An entirely new and different list of categories is laid out. In it, regular and emergency expenditures further overlap. Also Mr. Roosevelt has aban doned the arrangement he origi nated of estimating a second pear in advance. You may recall that at this time last year he had hoped he would balance this budget he is now offering. This time he makes no promises beyond July 1, 1936. The boys who know their budget making from the inside say that Mr. Roosevelt was moved to make these changes because his problem was changed. Last year there was tre mendous pressure for budget balanc ing, which he assuaged by anticipat ing a balance a year in advance. This time every one realizes the budget can not be balanced, and the pressure is now limited largely to curtailment of heavy relief expenditures. The pro pram he offered to Congress Friday was supposed to assuage the curtail ment pressure, by anticipating cur tailment of relief rolls. Different situations require differ ent budget methods. The "Brown System." You might call Mr. Roosevelt's new tecliinque "the Brown budget sys tem." Ordinary bookkeepers mark their excess emergency expenditures in red ink and nominal expenditures in black ink. Mr. Roosevelt has com bined them. Artists will tell you that the result of combining black and red make a rather vague and uncertain color of brown, but that does not destroy the aptness of the metaphor. Of course, some critics will be meanies enough to insinuate that Mr. Roosevelt is color blind as far as red is concerned. There is just no possi bility of pleasing some people. The White House is working smart political strategy against the bonus, but it may be too late. It is not exactly a secret now that Mr. Roosevelt will insist Congress provide two billions more of taxes if it wants to pay the two-billion dollar bonus. You can see where that puts the bonus Congressmen. Right in front of the taxpayers' buzî saw. There are more people In every congressional dis trict who will have to pay the in creased taxes than there are people who would benefit from the bonus. They will yell just as loudly against the bonus as the veterans are yelling for it. if they are properly organized In time. The trouble Is that the White House did not get started soon enough. Mr. Roosevelt's first announcement was made only a few days before Congress convened. Taxpayers have no organization which can swing into action -on Congressmen like the efficient veterans' lobby. May Stop It Yet. As things now stand, the cash bonus (without new taxes) will pass with sufficient congressional support to over-ride a veto. Mr. Roosevelt can yet stop it if he tries hard enough and all indications are that he will ultimately throw the full energy of the White House into it. The laugh is certainly not on Senators Minton and Truman Jor those super-praise biographies men tioned in this space a few days ago. The Senators did not write those biographies tor the Congressional Directory, but wrote very modest ones. The super-praise biographies were ones used in the last cam paign. The time has not yet come when public officials should be held responsible for campaign biog raphies. You can imagine who the laugh it really on. (Copyrlcht. 1035.)

Lincoln National Adds Two to Board and Hamilton Elects One. Riggs National Bank stockholder elected four new directors at the an nual meeting held at noon today, the Lincoln National Bank added two to the board and the Hamilton National elected one new member. Other na tional banks, trust companies and savings banks re-elected practically the same boards to serve for another year. The four new members of the Riggs board include Ernest E. Norrls, vice president of the Southern Railway Co.; Lloyd B. Wilson, president of the Chesapeake Potomac Telephone Co.; George O. Vase, vice president and cashier of Riggs Bank, and Hill eary O. Hoskinson, for many years a vice president in the same institution. President Robert V. Fleming an nounced that the other members of the board had been re-elected to suc ceed themselvs as follows: William J. Flather, H. Rozier Dulany, Sterling Ruffin, Charles C. Glover, Jr.; Henry B. Spencer, Julius Garftnckel. Fleming Newbold, C. Powell Minnigerode, Wil liam M. Ritter, Harry P. Clark, Prank J. Hogan, Randall H. Hagner, Robert V. Fleming. Coleman Jennings, John Oliver La Gorce, John J. Pershing, CUarles H. Tompkins, Henry P. Erwin, Daniel J. Callahan and William Mc Clellan. Lincoln National Elects. Stockholders of the Lincoln National Bank added Franklin W. Harper and T. Howard Duckett to the directorate. Mr. Harper Is president and treasurer of the E. Morrison Paper Co. and Is a director in the Perpetual Building As sociation, being widely known here as an appraiser of property. T. How ard Duckett Is vice president of the Prince Georges Bank Trust Co. and chairman of the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission. Directors re-elected by the Lincoln National stockholders Include Charles W. Bolgiano. Floyd E. Davis, Albert S. Gatley, W. W. Griffith. Melvin C. Hazen, Leroy W. Herron, H. B. Leary. Howard R. Norton, Henry T. Offter dinger, George C. Pumphrey, Samuel C. Redman. John Saul, Fred A. Smith. James A. Soper. W. McK. Stowell, Channing S. Walker and Howard L. Wilkins. The Hamilton National Bank stock holders added Thomas N. Beavers to the board. Mr. Beavers is vice presi dent uf Peoples Drug Stores, Inc., and has been an active business man in the Capital for years. He also is a director in the Bank of Commerce it Savings. Other Hamilton Directors. The other directors elected today In clude: Charles G. Abbot, E. C. Baltz, Emory H. Bogley, William H. Clarke, A. L. Day, Joshua Evans, jr.: E. C. Graham. William F. Ham, M. E. Hor ton, Harry Kaufman, Ralph W. Lee, Wilfred B. Putman, C. C. Rogers, H. G. Smithy, L. P. Steuart, Chester Wells and Roger J. Whlteford. National Metropolitan. Stockholders in the National Met ropolitan Bank re-elected the follow ing directors: Louis D. Bliss. Fred erick De C. Faust, William F. Gude, Charles B. Hawley, A. A. Hoehling, I Charles Jacobsen, Ο. H. P. Johnson, R. M. Kauflmann, Dr. J. Thomas j Kelley, jr.; Otis B. Kent, Maj. Henry I Leonard, A. Lisner, F. H. McCormick Goodhart, Frank F. Nesbit, Arthur A. O'Brien, C. F. R. Ogilby, Merle Thorpe, George W. White. Henry A. Willard, 2d, and W. K. Wimsatt. Washington Loan Trust. Stockholders in the Washington Loan Trust Co. re-elected the fol lowing directors: John Joy Edson, William H Baden, Hiram Bingham, John H. Clapp. Frederick V. Coville, Charles H. Doing, L. Whiting Estes, Charles R. Grant, Melville B. Gros venor, George P. Hoover, John A. Johnston, S. H. KaufTmann, Carl B. Keferstein, George A. King, Al fred H. Lawson, Harry G. Meem, Theodore W. Noyes, A. Chambers Oliphant, John Barton Payne, William E. Pearson, Arthur Peter, Walter S# Pratt, jr., Charles G. Treat and Donald Woodward. National Bank of Washington. National Bank of Washington share holders made no change in the board of directors, who in turn re-elected the same officers. The directors: J. M. Beavers. E. C. Brandenburg, Henry N. Brawner, jr.; Wrisley Brown. J. Ed mund Cammack, Max Fischer. Maurice F. Flynn, G. W. Forsberg. George B. Goetz, Frank R. Jellefif, Michael A. Keane, Mark Lansburgh. Morris E. Marlow, Arthur J. May, W. Clarence Miller, Clarence F. Norment, Clarence F. Norment, jr.; Harry Norment, George P. Sacks, Charles Schafer. John Scrivener, Odell S. Smith, George L. Starkey and James Trimble. The officers include: Clarence F. Norment. chairman of board; George L. Starkey, president; James Trimble, vice president: J. Frank White, vice president and cashier; Edmund H. Graham. John Alden, William E. How ard and Rutherford J. Dooley, assistant cashiers; E. C. Brandenburg, general counsel and trust officer; Odell S. Smith, secretary, and Everett H. Pars ley, auditor. Colombia National. The following: Board of Directors was re-elected by the stockholders of the Columbia National Bank: Harry Blake, John Joy Edson, L. Whiting Estes, C. Penton Padeley, Ernest C. Guy, David J. Kaufman, George M. Leimbach. James A. Messer, Joseph H. Milans, Theodore W. Noyes, Walter S. Pratt, jr.; Andrew Saul, Frank J. Stryker, John N. Swiartzell and H:|rry S. Wolf. Security Savings A Commercial. These Security Savings Commer cial Bank directors were re-elected at today';, stockholders' meeting: Francis G. Addison, jr.; Edward C. Baltz, Dion S. Birney, Francis A. Blundon, Diller F. GroH, Benjamin H. Gruver, John B. Harrell, George E. Judd, Fred McKee, Julius I. Peyser, Stacy M. Reed, Morris Simon, William W. Spalding, Milton Strasburger and Wil liam C. Sullivan. The directors organized for the year at once by re-electing the fol lowing officers: Julius I. Peyser, chairman of the board; Francis G. Addison, jr., president; Fred McKee, vice president; Samuel R. Baulsir, cashier; T. Hun ton Leith, secretary and assistant cashier; Latrobe Owen, assistant cashier; J. Louis Shipley, assistant cashier; Charles K. West, branch manager. Liberty National. Liberty National Bank stockholders were all retained on the board, as follows: Rolfe E. Boiling, E. S. Brashears, Thomas P. Brown, M. F. Calnan, S. T. Cameron, J. T. Cull, jr.; Dr. L. F. Davis, Howard P. Foley, Nor man B. Frost, Tracy L. Jeffords, Paul E. Johnson, T. P. Llttlepage, Harold N. Marsh, Lennart H. Mitchell, Dr. BERG CALLED MODERN CAVEMAN Johnson Criticizes Recovery Chieftain in Article in Magazine. By the Associated Press. I PHILADELPHIA, January 8.—The Hugh Johnson-Donald Richberg con troversy crope up «new with the pub lication of the former Ν. I. R. A. ad ministrator's first article in the Sat urday Evening Post, to be published today. Discussing one of Richberg'* actions as recovery chieftain, Johnson said it "smacks of the modern caveman." It was this series of articles which prompted Richberg to write to the Saturday Evening Post cautioning It against any of Johnson's statements that might libel him. Of this letter Johnson said: "Donald's agitation is Just a symp tom of the ants of conscience In his pants." Infer· Economie Attitude. Referring by Implication to a recent address by Richberg, the general wrote in the first of his articles: "To demand that Industry at once give employment to 10,000,000 men is a demand that it produce far more goods than it can sell, or increase its plant capacity when there is no mar ket for the product. "No responsible management can do this and surely no such thing can be done in the threat and uncertainty that becloud the present economic horizon. "To make this demand and couple it, as Mr. Richberg did, with a threat that unless Industry does so employ these millions the Government will smacks of the modern caveman Asks Balanced Budget. The former recovery administrator who now is aiding Bernard M Baruch in the activities of the Pres ident's Committee to Take the Profit! Out of War—set forth two facto: s which, he said, would relegate "this ι depression to the limbo of forgotten things In three months' time." These, he said, are: 1. A balanced budget. 2. Removal of the fear of inflation, the fear of "rash action." "I am expressing my personal opin ions," the general writes. "The Presi dent does not need to be told that, whatever my own judgment may be, I would, as an executive, txfw to his and fight for it with all that I can give. Removed from official life. I feel free to think independently and to say what I think openly." Donald R. Richberg, director of the National Emergency Council, said last night he had not yet read references to himself in a magazine article by Hugh S. Johnson, former N. R. A. administrator. PARK BANK UPHELD IN SUIT FOR BOND Liability of Surety Company to Pay $50,000 I» Affirmed. The right of John F. Moran, re ceiver oi the Park Savings Bank, to collect $50,000 bond which became due as a iesult of "defalcation by Robert S. Stunz" was affirmed today by the Court of Appeals. The American Surety Co. of New York, which was liable on the bond, claimed it was not legally bound to pay the money because the bank con tinued in business after its charter had expired. It was contended the action taken by the banking corpora tion after the date of the expiration was In excess of its powers, and that the surety company, therefore, could not be held liable. The court, however, held the surety company knew as a matter of law that the charter had expired, that it continued to accept premiums on the bond and that it knew the corpora tion was continuing in business and was not in process of liquidation. Under these circumstances. It was de cided, the surety company could not escape liability. The receiver advanced his elaim after the discovery of alleged short ages in the accounts of Robert S. Stunz. vice president, who committed suicide shortly after the banking holi day was declared. The receiver was represented by Attorneys J. Bruce Kremer, George B. Springston and Herbert M. Bingham. The surety company previously had paid a primary bond of $100,000 to the receiver. If the 150.000 bond Is paid it can be used for a iutuie dividend for depositor*. AIRMAIL PLAN APPROVED PARIS, January 8 (&).—A compre hensive airmail service throughout France was approved today by the government. The cabinet adopted the plan, often demanded by business organiza tions, to connect the principal cities of the nation by an airmail service. Business firms have criticized the backwardness of French commercial aviation as compared to the United States Postal Service. P. H. Morhart, Vernon O. Owen, L E. Shoemaker and F. N. Towers. Union Trust Co. The Union Trust Co.'s board of directors was re-elected In full as follows: A. L. Baldwin, J. Harry Covington, Joseph H. Cranford, O. Thomas Dunlop, George E. Fleming, George E. Hamilton, George E. Ham ilton. Jr.; Walter S. Harban, Edward L. Hillyer, O. J. Kaufman, H. C. New comer, Daniel W. O'Donoghue, Jr.; Ord Preston, John H. Small, Luther F. Speer and Charles F. Wilson. McLachlen Banking Corp. McLachlen Banking Corp. stock holders re-elected the same board of directors as follows: Firman R. Horner, Thomas R. Harney, John A. Massle, Archibald McLachlen, Edwin H. Etz, Dr. Lee C. Corbett, Lanier P. McLach len. Henry E. Blttlnger, George Miller and Ε. H. McLachlen. Second National. These directors were re-elected by the stockholders of the Second Na tional Bank: Edward F. Colladay, V. B. Deyber, Fred Drew, William M. Hannay, Frederick W. Mackenzie, W. W. Marlow, A. H. Plugge, Jacob Scharf, A. J. Somerville, W. R. Wins low and William B. Wolf. NatUnal Capital. Stockholders of the National Capital Bank elected the following directors at today'* stockholders' meeting; Charles A. Carry, Allen C. Clark, Clarence F. Donohoe, John B. Earn shaw, Lewis Flemer, W. P. C. Hazen, Walter Leaman, Walter H. Marlow, Jr.; Henry H. McKee. James L. Parsons, jr.; William A. Simpson, George W. Slater, Charles B. Stewart, Samuel H. Walker and John C. Yost. I G. υ. HONORING FOUNDER IN RIÏES Archbishop Carroll Hailed as Patriarch of Cath olicism in U. S. Honoring the m-mory of Archbishop John Carroll of Maryland as "the great patriarch of Catholicism in the United States," promin"nt church men and educators j;ined with officials of Georgetown University today in pay ing a tribute to its founder on the bicentennial anniversary of his birth. The occasion was solemnized by a pontifical mass in Dahlgren Chapel celebrated by the apostolic delegate. Most Rev. Amleto Giovanni Cicognani and assisted- by Very Rev. Edward C. Phillips. S J.. of New York, provincial ι of the Maryland-New York province of the JefUit order to which Carroll belonged as a young priest. Before the mass began, the apoetoll: delegate, in the presence of Rev. Arthur A. O'Leary. S.J.. acting president of Georgetown, placrd a WTeath at the base of the Carroll statue on the col lege campus. In his sermon at the mass. Dr. Peter Guilday. professer of church history at the Catholic University of America, declared that Archbishop Carroll, patriot of the Revolution and primal see in the United States was '"the first and only bishop who has the right to place the 13 stars of the new Republic on his episcopal es cutcneon. Georgetown University and the Catholic Church. Dr Guilday declared, has been true to the legacy handed down by Carroll. It was at the little college in Georgetown, he said, that Carroll had said he had "built all my hopes of permanency and success to our holy religion in the United States." Dr. Guilday spoke of George Wash ington's friendship and trust in Car roll. At the mass, which was attended by the students and faculty of George town. the deacons of honor to the apostolic delegate were Rev. Francis E. Keenan, S. J., rector of Woodstock College, and Rev. Laurence J. Kelly, S. J., rector of Gonzaga College. The deacon of the mass was Rev. Fer dinand C. Wheeler, S. J., rector of Loyola High School, Baltimore, with Rev. Robert S. Lloyd. S. J., rector of Georgetown Preparatory School, as the sub-deacon. Rev. James A. McCarl. S. J., was master of ceremonies. The Georgetown University Choir furnished the music under the direction of Dr. Edward P. Donovan. Guild to Confer Here. NEW YORK, January 8 </P).—Offi cials of the American Newspaper Guild and mechanical unions of news paper employes said yesterday they would confer in Washington January 18 on a course of action in the case of Dean S. Jennings, discharged from the San Francisco Call-Bulletin, they alleged, because of his activity in the guild. BAND CONCERTS. By the United States Soldiers' Home Band Orchestra this evening In Stanley Hall at 5:30 o'clock. John S. M. Zimmermann, bandmaster; Anton Polntner, assistant leader. March, "Washington Post" Sousa Overture, "Merry Wives of Windsor" Nicolai Entr'acto, "Traumerei" (request), "An Album Leaf" Cul Excerpts from musical comedy, "A Girl on the Film" Kollo Tango Brazilian, "A Zut Alors" Lamont Waltz suite, "Au Revoir". .Waldteufel Finale, 'Beau Ideal" Sousa 'The Star Spangled Banner." By the United States Navy Band Orchestra this evening, at 8 o'clock, in the Navy Yard sail loft. Lieut. Charles Benter, leader; Alexander Morris, assistant leader. Jean Sibelius, "Karelia-Overture." Franz Schubert, "Unfinished Symphony" In Β Minor Allegro moderato. Allegro con moto. Carlo Brancaccio, "Preludio".. (Op. 1) Richard Wagner, "Prelude" to 3d act of the opera "Die Melstersinger von Leopold Mozart, "Concerto In C Minor" First movement "Allegro." Solo for flute and harp, with orchestral accompaniment. R. Townsend, flute. W. Cameron, harp. Carl McKlnley, "Masquerade." An American rhapaody "The National Anthem." Schumann (Op. 10) Nurnberg" c· Mrs. Vanderbilt Asks $52,000 For Year to Support Gloria I By the Associated Presi. i NEW YORK. January 8—Mrs Gloria Morgan Vanderbllt estimates it will cost her just short of $52,000 this year for her daughter Gloria and her self to live according to the standards of the Vanderbilt family. The pres ent allowance is $48,000. Mrs. Vanderbilt's proposed budget for the year will be submitted to Sur rogate James A. Foley tomorrow, and indications are that it will be ap proved. A copy was given yesterday to Thomas B. Gilchrist, co-guardian of Gloria's $3,000,000 estate, who made 1 it public with the announcement that he would not oppose it. The estimate for the year totals $51,910. of which $3,600 is provided tc employ two detectives to guard the 10-year-old Gloria on the 89 separate I days and during July when Mrs. Van· derbiit will have her daughter witl her under a court ruling. The mothei estimates the cost oi each detectlvi at $15 a day. Included also In the estimate Is thi $12,000 personal allowance Mrs. Van derbiit has been receiving. Mrs. Van derbiit estimates the expense oi main talnlng her home at 49 East Seventy second street. Including *500 a montl rent, at $9,240. Eight servants, amoni j them a governess for Gloria, will cos $9,420. j Other estimates are $1,500 for oper ating an automobile. $2,600 for cloth ing and furs. $1,500 for professiona services (physician), $500 for musii lessons. $550 for drugs and toilet ar tides, $500 for books and toys. $2.50< rent for a Summer residence an( $2 000 for miscellaneous items. HOTEL ELEVATOR "FALL" IS PROBED I Prominent Agricultural Offi cials Shaken Up in Ward man Park Lift. Fall of an elevator at Wardman Park Hotel last Bight, severely shaking up a group of prominent Agricultural Department officials, was being inves tigated today by District government inspection officials. Members of the party, who had at tended a gathering at the apartment of Secretary and Mrs. Wallace, re ported today that they had not been injured, but still ielt the eflecta of their drop. Hotel Officials Without Report. Officials of the hotel said they had no report up to noon today of the accident. All elevators were running today, they said, declaring that it must have been only a "slip" and not a real "fall." The hotel management, when informed by The Star of the accident, started an immediate inves tigation. The party which was in the elevator included Assistant Secretary of Agri culture M. L. Wilson and Mrs. Wil son. Dr. Mordecai Ezeklel. economic adviser to Secretary Wallace, and Mrs. Ezeklel; Dr. Louis H. Bean, economic adviser to the Α. Α Α., and Mrs. Bean; J. D. LeCron, assistant to Wallace, and Mrs. LeCron; Ferner •Nuhn of the A. A. A. information sec tion and his wife, iîuth Suckow, au thor. and John R. Fleming, specie writer in the Department of Agri culture. The Associated Press reported thai i a similar incident was said by the group to have occurred last week when Secretary Wallace was riding in the same elevator, and a third fall alsc was recalled as having happened last Spring to a car containing Secretary and Mrs. Wallace and Undersecre tary Rexford G. Tugwell and Mrs Tugwell. At the office of Capt. Hugh Β Oram director of inspection for the District who was çut at the time, it was saic that an immediate investigation ol the matter wotild be launched. Rec ords oi the inspe:t;on office show thai I the elevator was inspected last or November 20. 1934. by M. D. Curran an inspector, who passed it for opera tion. KING MOVES*FOR PROBE OF JAPAN AND TREATIES Resolution in Senate Calls foi Investigation by Foreign Relations Committee. By the Associated Press. An investigation by the Senate For eign Relations Committee to deter mine whether Japan has violated th« Kellogg peace pact of the nine-power treaty guaranteeing the integrity ol China was proposed in a resolution introduced today by Senator King, Democrat, of Utah. He also asked investigation ol charges that "Japan is fortifying oi has fortified her mandated islands" in the Pacific in violation of an in ternational agreement. In another move, King proposed a Senate Judiciary Committee inquiry to determine whether the recovery act has "encouraged or promoted monopo listic practices." I I Georgetown Honors Founder ί Most Rev. Amieto Giovanni Cicognani, apostolic delegate (center), is shown plac ing a wreath at the Carroll statue on the Georgetown University campus. Left to right.: Lawrence H. Cooke, president of the senior class; Dr. Edmund A. Walsh, S. J., vice president of the university; Msgr. Ci cognani, Rev. Arthur A. O'Leary, S. J., act ing president of Georgetown, and George H. Guilfoyle, president of the Students' Council. —eur Staff Photo. NEW NAVAL TALKS HELD MANDATORY Conference Is Required by London Treaty—Davis Here to Report. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. A new naval conference will have to be held this year, despite the Japa nese denunciation of the Washington naval agreement, it was learned today. The London naval treaty of 1939. dealing with ships other than capital ships and large airplane carriers, makes such a conference mandatory. Its drafters net having considered the possibility that one of the signatories of the Washington treaty might de cide to scrap It. Norman H. Davis, President Roose velt's ambassador at large and chief delegate to the shipwrecked London parleys. Is in Washington to present a full report to the President and to Secretary of State Hull about the prospecta of that new conference and the facte which led to the fail ure of the London parleys. New Ships Planned. In the meantime each of the five signatories of both treaties are pre paring to build new ships, big and small. The British admiralty has informed the American delegates privately that two battleships of 30,000 tons each will be put on the ways in 1936. These vessels are replacements of overage ships. When they are ready two battleships built in 1912 will be scrapped. Under the circumstances it is probable that the American Navy will replace at least one obso lete battleship In 1936 and probably another one In 1937. The Japanese, who have completed the full quota of auxiliary vessels al lowed them by the London treaty, need not engage in any important shipbuilding program. But the naval experts await with Interest the next step Japan will make. It is possible that she, too, will begin to replace some of her old battleships, as it is possible that she will begin to build warships for Manchoukuo. The Italians are building at present two battleships of 35,000 tons each which will be the last word in naval engineering. The French are going to follow the Italian lead. Ambassador Andre de Laboulaye has presented the State De partment an officiel note from his government In reply to America's noitification that Japan has decided to terminate the Washington naval agree ment. France's Stand Outlined. ι In this note the French government outlined in precise language France's stand growing out of Japan's denun ciation of the five-power agreement, saying that the French Parliament when it ratified that treaty expressed L its wish that it shall not be continued 1 beyond 1936. The French government expresses J its hope that a new agreement mry 1 be negotiated to replace the Wash ington treaty, but drew America'^ Government attention to the fact that since 1920 the world situation has changed materially. Other nations which at the time when the Wash ington agreement was negotiated and signed had no navies, did not par· tlcipate then in the negotiations. To day, such nations have warships the existence of which France cannot overlook. The French note Is interpreted to mean that at the next conference the French government will demand an increase of its present heavy ships ratio in order to maintain its su premacy in relation to the Italian and the German navies. 5,500 MORE MEN ASKED FOR NAVY Increase to 88.000 Carried in Budget Message of Roosevelt. An Increase of 5,500 enlisted men h provided in the estimates made in President Roosevelt's budget message for the fiscal year 1936, the Navy De partment today announced, boosting the average from 82,500 to 88,000. Under the new set-up, four appoint ments to the Naval Academy for each Senator and Representative is made possible, instead of three. The Navy Department declared that the pay of personnel is estimated on a 100 per cent basis, with longevity increases. The 1936 estimates for the Navy total $489,871,347. The increase is $177,773,250, of which 72 per cent is for the construction of ships, jurerait and public works. Now building are 10 new warships, for which costs of (51,542,500 are in the estimates. The President's budget message, dealing with the Navy, provides for the second year's costs—totaling $59,077, 500 on 20 warships, laid down in 1935. comprising two heavy destroyers, 12 light destroyers and six submarines. The Navy Department explained that the estimates make provision for laying down 24 warships of the re placement program, comprising two light cruisers, one aircraft carrier, three heavy destroyers, 12 light de stroyers and 6 submarines. For the first year's charge on these ships, $29, 380,000 are provided. The prospective appropriation for aviation, as set forth in the 1936 esti mate, is $39,500,000. This includes $22,500,000 for replacement of aircraft, said the department. PRESIDENT RECOVERING FROM SLIGHT HEAD COLD Roosevelt Expects to Return to Work in Executive Office This Afternoon. President Roosevelt's head cold still le bothering him, but he expects to leave his room on the second floor of the White House this afternoon and go to his desk in the executive office. The President's condition, whUe giv ing him discomfort, has not been looked upon as serious and at no time has he had any degree of temperature. Were It not for the fact that the Emeigency Council is scheduled to meet In the executive office this after noon, the President probably would stay away from his office until to morrow. Mr. Roosevelt is attending to the business routine at his desk in the oval room study, adjoining his bed room, and in between times is mak ing a rough draft of the measures he shortly will send to Congress out lining his plans for legislation for his social security program. He hope· to have this message ready to send to Congreu some time next week. f Ρ life's Like That BY FRED NEHER. THE COLONEL. ι-β AfetfiEV^r "Ιϋ α LAD YOUR CHRISTMAS CIGARS ARE ALL GONE, SIR— THEY WERE PUTTING MY TEETH ON EDGE." (OopyrUM. 1835.) I, I

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LONG CALLS RULE PUNNED "UTOPIA" Replies to Women's Charge That Louisiana Lacks Voice of People. By the Associated Press. Senator Huey P. Long today de scribed his so-called Louisiana "dic tatorship" as his planned "Utopia." The description was made in answer to charges by the Women's Commit tee of Louisiana that the State no longer has a republican form of gov ernment. Only yesterday the self-styled "Kingfish" told the Senate that the new State laws for his "Utopia" had been voted by the people of Louisiana, who also had named him head of the Democratic party in the State. He charged the Roosevelt adminis tration with persecuting him and criticized part of the personnel of the New Orleans Federal grand jury which has returned income tax indictments against his friends. Long shouted he would rather do without patronage than "kneel to such hook and crook as are employed by men like Jim Parley." "God send me to hell before I have patronage through that kind of thing," he added. The Louisiana Senator claimed the administration had also deserted him, communicating with "some dictator down there in the bullrushes," but not through him. "When I was sending 'em money," he shouted, "and getting 'em votes they communicated with me direct." The Louisiana Senator spoke before crowded galleries, interrupted occa sionally by applause. The floor was well filled and dozens of House mem bers stood around the walls to listen. DISTRICT EXCEEDS 34 STATES IN TOTAL INCOME PAYMENTS (Continued From First Page.) percentage of population would indi cate. To explain this: The population of the District, 1930 census is shown in the figures to be 486.869, which is .40 of the population of the country. But this city paid a total of $6,725,048.57 in 1934, which is .82 per cent of the total income taxes paid by the whole country. This exceeds the contribu tion from any one of 32 States. Thus in proportion to its popula tion of 0.40 per cent, the District paid 0.82 per cent of the income taxes, or more than twice its proportionate share. This city paid miscellaneous internal revenue taxes amounting to $4,217, 613.85 in 1934, which added to the in come taxes, brought Washington up to a total of $10.942.662.42, which is 0.48 per cent of the total internal revenue paid for the country. This exceeds the comparable contribution from any one of 26 States. Agricultural adjustment taxes here for 1934 totaled $326,635.44, which is 0.09 per cent of the total. Adding the agricultural taxes to the other total brings this city up to a grand total of income, miscellaneous and agricultural taxes paid, of $11,269,297.86, which is 0.42 per cent of the total of the coun try. This latter figure exceeds the contribution from any one of 19 States. SPECIAL NOTICES. THE ANNUAL MEETING OP THE STOCK holders ol the National Capital Insurance Company ol the District of Columbia, for the election of trustees and the transac tion of any other business that may be brought to the attention of the meeting, will be held at the office ol the company, Pennsylvania avenue and Fourth street southeast Washington. D C„ Wednesday. January 9. 1935. between the hours of 12 o'clock noon and 2 o'clock p.m. WM. N. PAYNE. Jr.. Secretary. CONNECTICUT PIE CO.—THE ANNUAL meeting of the stockholders for the election of the directors of this company will be held at the company's office. Wisconsin ave. and Ο st. n.w.., on Wednesday. January 9. 1935. Poils open from 1 to 2 p.m Books tor the transfer of stock closed irom December eth. 1934. to January 9th. 1935. inclusive. R. B. BEHREND. President. ISAAC BEHRAND. Secretary. THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE STOCK holders of the Hugh Reiily Company. Inc.. will be held at tne office of the company. 1334 New York ave. n.w.. at 12 o'clock noon Tuesday January 22. 1935. for the election of officers for the ensuing year and the transaction of such other business that may come before the meeting. HUGH REILLY COMPANY. INC.. Ν. E. ESTES. Secretary. THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SHARE holders of the Home Building Association for the election of officers and directors and such other business as may properly come before the meeting will be held Tuesday January 8. 1935. at 7:30 P.m;, at the office of the association. 20(l6 Pennsylvania Avenue N.W Books now open for subscription to shares of the 5ltth Series. Payments $1 per month per *hare. JAMES M. WOODWARD, secretary. AUCTION SALE—FURNITURE OP EVERY description to be sold for storage charges on Thursday. January 10. at 10 a.m.. in our warehouse, 420 10th st. n.w.. first floor, consisting of living room suites, bed room suites, dining suites, dressers, ta bles. chairs, beds, linens, dishes, books, rugs, etc UNITED STATES STORAGE COMPANY. I WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE POR debts other than my own. M. E. LUSBY. 1433 Spring rd. n.w. I WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR debts contracted by persons other than my self. Mrs. Ε. HAYE3MAN. Silver Spring. Md. WANT TO HAUL FULL OR PART LOAD to or from New York. Richmond. Boston. Pittsburgh and all way points; special rates. NATIONAL DELIVERY ASSN.. INC.. 1317 N._Y. ave. Natl. 1400. Local moving also. DAILY TRIPS MOVING LOADS AND S art loads to and from Balto.. Phlla.. and ew York. Frequent trips to other East ern cities. "Dependable Service Since 1*90." THE DAVIDSON TRANSFER STORAGE CO.. Decatur 2500. WEEKLY TRIPS TO AND FROM BALTI more: also trips within 24 hours' notice to any point In United Mates. SMITH'S TRANSFER STORAGE CO.. North 3343. GOOD ROOF WORK —by practical roofers at moderate cost. We'll gladly estimate. Call us upl IfnnWC ROOFING 833 V St. N.W. WUi\l3 COMPANY North 4423 ΓΙ ΕΓΤΟΤΓίΙ REPAIRS AND LLCL 1 wiring. Electric Shop on Wheels. Inc., have shops all over town to serve you. See your Telephone Di rectory tor branch nearest you or call Wis consln 4821. No e. Confidence was expressed In many quarters that the dowager Queen would yet succeed in inducing her son, King Carol, to jilt Mme. Magda Lupescu, Carol's red-haired com panion, and remarry Princess Helen, from whom he is divorced. The Queen mother's popularity was increased by her voluntary return from Yugoslavia, where she had been living in almost complete seclusion with her daughter, Queen Marie, wid owed by the assassination of King Alexander of Yugoslavia. Diplomatic circles believe Marie "swallowed her pride" to return to the capital, where Mme. Lupescu has attained the station of "uncrowned queen." In recent weeks Mme. Lupescu has become active socially, and Is more conspicuous In Rumanian life than ever. Marie has never consented to meet her. Marie and Carol, apparently ami able, attended a military festival a few days ago. The Queen mother, it was reported, is preparing the way for a family council in a few weeks at which an effort will be made to oust Mme. Lupescu from Carol's heart and life. The King's favorite sister. Queen Marie of Yugoslavia, and Prince Paul, head of the Yugoslav rigency, it was reported, will aid the Queen mother. WILD LIFE COUNT URGED BY DARLING Biological Survey Head Says Game Resource Survey Is Necessary.. 1 By the Associated Press. The chief of the Bureau of Biolog ical Survey has proposed a new kind of census to count the noses and bllli of the wild creatures which haunt for ests. fields and streams of the United States. J. N. (Ding) Darling, a formel newspaper man, whose sketches anc cartoons have helped the cause of wile life conservation, has requested pub lic works funds to conduct such a sur vey through game and fish commis sions of the States. "For years we have been living out of the till of the land without leavinf a credit slip to show what we havi taken," he said. "It is time to correc that situation. "It is hard to believe that no survej ever has been made to estimate th.—The new Franco-Italian working agreement was hailed in France today chiefly as a warning for the future to European "troublemakers." One government leader said England is expected to support "an organiza tion of security," which he asserted "evolved from the alarm created by German rearmament." The Little Entente, which otherwise would dread to see Premier Mussolini supreme in the Danbuian Basin, de spite its fears of an Austro-German union, was reassured by France's co operation with Italy in Central Eu rope. Broadcasting Profitable. Japan's broadcasting stations, which are partly government controlled, made a profit of about $1,000,000 in the last year. WHERE TO DINE. 20th and R Sts. N.W. "Speak* for Itself" DINE HERE— in an Informal home setting that matches your mood for su perb food and mar velous cocktails Luncheon—Τea—Dinner Log-burning Fires Now Serving Wine, Beer and Other Drtnit to Our Patrons OPENING TODAY!! (Under New Management)

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MISSGOWMHTY WHILE UNDER FIRE Novelist Finds Ex-Nurse Reproving as Reilly Questions Her. BY KATHLEEN NORRIS. FLEMINGTON, N. J., January 8 (N.A.N.A.).—The Hauptmann trial gathers momentum, rolling slowly at first, it seemed to take its first spring forward on its fourth day. Yet nothing that sounded sensational was on the program. There was but one important witness. A slender Scotswoman. Betty Gow. occupied the stand and what she said was only what we all have known for almost three years, that the lost Lindbergh baby had a nurse, that her name was Betty Gow, and that after repeated questioning at the time of the trag edy she had been acquitted of all knowledge of the crime, cleared of all suspicion, and had presently returned to Scotland, whence she was brought by the State of New Jersey to be a witness for the prosecution in the trial of Bruno Richard Hauptmann. Colorless as Ordeal Began. Yes, but knowing a thing, reading about it in the newspapers, is a dim, far-away business, and seeing this living, trembling, suffering young woman on the stand is something quite different. Something so poignantly impressive that to many of us this day's work seems the most vital of them all. Betty Gow impresses me as a highly sensitive, proud, dignified young ■woman, and on the stand she was ob viously nervous, obviously suffering. She has so often been described as "pretty" that it was a surprise to find her not pretty at all; her face is handsome, rather, with big eyes that are somewhat prominent, a wide, good mouth, well-modeled cheek bones, a clear skin. She was absoultely colorless as she started her ordeal. That it was a most distressing ordeal nobody who saw her could doubt. Her long, rather thick throat throbbed, her mouth trembled more than once, and more than once she twisted her hands. Her voice is pleasant and low, and her accent that of London rather than Glasgow. Braced Self for Quiz. It seemed to me that as the At torney General, in his always con siderate and quiet fashion—for Mr. Wilentz has polished manners—began his questioning, she braced herself quite consciously. The horror of being made to remember was beginning now; she had long known that it must so be gin, and she was determined to go through with it with her chin up and her courage high. She answered ques tions simply, straightforwardly. Except for occasional inaudibility, when emo tion overcame her, she was a good wit ness for the State. But when Edward J. Reilly, Haupt mann's head counsel, took her on for cross-examination there was a change. Mr. Reilly showed indications of truc ulence early In his cross-examination, and Betty Gow didn't like it. She showed now that she could be actually haughty. Reilly Got Short Change. In good old Irish argot, Mr. Reilly got very short change out of Betty. No question seemed to move her, and once or twice there was actual reproof in what she said. "Positively, I did not!" she replied hotly, when she was asked if she had or had not actually planted the evidence of the little lost thumb-guard. "I am!" she retorted with spirit when Mr. Reilly said, "you're a very bright girl, aren't you?" But as the hard two and a half hours wore away, she drooped. Her face grew tired and shiny, her shoul ders sagged a little; she looked as she is going to look when she is 50 years old. The fine, dark eyes moved as quickly, flashed with as much feeling, but there were shadows around them when the morning's work was over. She told us little we didn't know— true. But even though I knew the facta, I hadn't sensed them. How many~"bf you mothers and wives who read this have visualized what went on in that house of sorrow and shock that night? How many of you have visualized what went on in that happy family that day before the soft, warm, little sleeping fellow was picked out of his crib? Nurse Told of Last Day. Betty Gow told of an adoring lit tle mother who wouldn't take a nurse on country week ends at the new home, because Anne Lindbergh liked to care for her baby herself. She told of his mother throwing pebbles up at the nursery window late that fatal afternoon, just to see ner by*by smile down at her. She said that he went down later, to have tea with his mummy, and afterward he ran into the kitchen, like every adored baby who ever lived In a household of enslaved grown-ups. He galloped abcut the kitchen table; he was carried off for supper and bed by the nurse wiio loved him, and his mother came into his nursery to be sure that his small chest was rubbed, and his blankets held down by big pins. There had to be a dose of something from a spoon to help break up the cold, and of course he spilled it. as what baby doesn't? and so there were spots on the little nightie that is now State's evidence in one of the most terrible of murder trials. It all sounded so homey, so jweet and safe and loving—tea with mother, and a race into the kitchen, and a flannel nightie, and a chest rub, and big safety pins. It is all so frightful now that it has come into this court house, and come so much too late! Like Judge Trenchard. We of the long press tables exchange opinions as the day goes by. We all like Judge Trenchard and think he Is handling everything with great fair ness and calmness. We all wonder, as we consider the persons of Scotch. Svandinavlan, English, German birth who are involved, whether it might not be a good Idea to keep America Ameri can for a few hundred years. And we are none of us In sympathy with the effort the defense makes to hint that a truly good and affectionate nurse wouldn't leave a baby alone for two hours on a quiet Spring evening, when he was snugly pinned into his crib, warm and fed and blanketed securely. Those of us who have raised babies know that only a nervous or seriously sick baby would need closer attention than that, and this baby was neither. We've all left our babies upstairs in their cribs for the comfortable dinner hour, the radio hour, the leisurely hair brushing and cold-creaming of the early evening hours. Many of us can remember leaving them much longer than that, and thanking God for a blessed interval of peace and freedom after the exactions of the nursery day! (Copyright 1035 by the North American Newspaper Alliance. Inc.) Oppose Beauty Tax. On the ground that It will diminish the beauty of Irish women, men of Dublin are protesting against the Free State tax of 50 per. cent on rouge, llpetick and powdejk ê Castle Urgee* Foreign Policy Planning Board The League of Republican Woirj&n heard William Cas tle, jrn former Undersecretary of deliver an address yesterday afternoon in the Mayflower Hotel, in which he proposed that a board be created to shape American foreign policies. Left to right: Castle, Mrs. Vhlliam T. Kelley, presi dent of the league, and Miss Bertha Wolfe, parliamentarian. «-et» sue Photo. Extracts From Oil Ruling Chief Justice Hughes Holds Motives of President Constitute No Answer to Validity of Section 9(c). By the Associated Press. Here are some pertinent extracts from Chief Justice Hughes' opinion holding unconstitutional the adminis tration's legislation regulating oil shipments: "The question of whether such a delegation (to the President by Con gress) of legislative power is permitted by the Constitution is not answered by the argument that it should be as sumed that the President has acted, and will act. for what he believes to be the public good. "The point is not one of motives, but of constitutional authority, for which the best of lilUWiYlO AO MVV substitute. "While the present contro versy relates to a delegation to the President, the basic question has a much wider a ρ ρ 1 ication. If the Congress can make a grant of legislative au thority of the sort attpmnted bv sec tion 84,065,000. If Your Dentist Hurts Yon Try DR. FIELD Plate Expert Doubl· Sactioi I (hwrutM Tight Fit la Ur Vwtb or I refond Soar Money. Violet Bat Treatment· for Pyorrhea. 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Page 5

Neighbor of Lindbergh Says He Saw y Bruno Near Estate On Day Baby Was Kidnaped (Continued From First Page.) 8ween«y, both of the New Jersey State police, were other witnesses of the morning session. The defense attack upon the efficiency of the department they represented came with Frank A. Kelly, fingerprint expert, and Nuncio de Gaetano. a trooper, on the stand. Reilly attacked especially the "ex pertness" of Kelly and quarreled with him over proper methods used for pre serving fingerprints. After an exchange with tne witness about the Bertlllon system, which Kel ly declared was obsolete as an identi fication means, Rellly pressed him: "Now you want us to believe, do you, that although Mrs. Lindbergh had been in the nursery that evening, Miss Gow had been over to the medi cine cabinet and the medicine table and given the child, I believe, cough mixture and had rubbed the child's chest with a jar of Vicks and had been around the medicine table, shown in the State's exhibit S-9. you could find no fingerprints?" "Of value," Kelly qualified. Quarrel on Prints. Reilly quarreled with the witness on his method of taking fingerprints, drew from him a statement of the process he used, and then charged that his method destroyed prints which could have been preserved. Kelly said he brushed over the ran som note found in the Lindbergh nursery with a camel hair brush on which had been sifted a special pow der. "Is it not the proper way to take a fingerprint to sift the powder from the bottle over the paper and then blow it off and the powder remains where the fingerprints are?" Reilly de manded. "No, sir, it is not," insisted the wit ness. "Do you know that the brushing of your brush destroys the fingerprints?" "I know in blowing it off you blow moisture on it and destroy the finger print," Kelly countered. Brushed Ransom Note. "You see me handle this paper," Reilly went on. "Yes, sir." "And counsel at the table are go ing to handle it now. We are going to leave it right here with the clerk until you bring your apparatus." Reilly continued: "That is what you did with the note, too. I assume, you brushed it with the brush?" "That is correct." Reilly drew out of Kelly the fact that his education about fingerprints came from a book written by "a man named Henry in England." "Don't you know the system used In the United States is a system de vised by ex-Inspector Paurot of the Police Department of New York?" he asked. "No," said Kelly, "I didn't." "Never Heard of Him." Later, after Reilly delivered a brief homily on the erudtion of the New York expert, Kelly popped: "I never heard tell of the man." Reilly pursued his effort to embar rass the witness with: "Now, as to the ladder. Do you know it has been reported that one man took over 800 fingerprints from this ladder?" "I object to the question," Inter posed Wilentz. "If your honor please, I think— "All right/' said Reilly, "I am ahead Of myself. I will withdraw it." The fifth day of the trial began at 10:01 a.m., Eastern standard time. State Policeman Kelly, fingerprint and identification expert, resumed the witness stand to continue his direct examination. Wilentz first turned to the Lind bergh nursery and had Kelly tell of the table and chair in the middle of the room. The attorney general asked him to describe the course from the kidnap window to the crib. Q. You could walk a direct line from the window to the crib without encountering an obstruction? The trooper answered in the af firmative. No Fingerprints Found. Q. You said yesterday you could find no fingerprints in the nursery. A. That is right. Q. No fingerprints of any one. A. Welt— Q. AruWer the question. No finger print» oL any one? A. None. Wilentz then invited cross-examina tion. Reilly began: Q. Mr. Kelly, did you ever study the Bertlllon system? A. No. Q. Are you known as the expert In the fingerprint line? A. No, sir, I am not Reilly then demanded why the trooper had not studied the Bertillon system, an identification system, which he began to describe. "It'» obsolete," Kelly interposed. Asks Ban From Record. Keuiy- turned angniy to tne court to request that his answer be stricken from the record. Q. You want us to believe, Mr. Kelly, that although Mrs. Lindbergh had been in the nursery and although Betty Gow went in thère to treat the child and rub its chest, you could And no fingerprints? A. That's true. Q. No fingerprints of anybody? A. Yes, sir. Reilly had the witness describe his arrival at the nursery. Q. What was the first object you attempted to photograph or take fin gerprints from? A. The note. Q. It was in the envelope? A. Yes. Q. Sealed? A. Yes. Reilly then had the expert give a description of his method erf taking prints. Pnt Powder oa Envelope. Kelly told how he brushed black powder on the envelope and note and then brushed it off carefully. "Don't you know," snapped Reilly, "that by brushing the powder off you are liable to brush the fingerprint off? Dont you know the proper way is to blow It off?" The witness was slightly annoyed. "I know that blowing the moisture of your breath can destroy a print." He then told how he examined the kidnap window and sill and the entire nursery, but found no fingerprints. Reilly harped, on this point, stress ing that not even the prints of Betty Gow had teen found, although the nurse had been at the crib when the kidnaping was discovered. Reilly then sought to have the wit ness express his opinion on how long a fingerprint would remain on surface. "I wouldn't say it would last five minutes," snapped Kelly, after Reilly pressed him to state how many days or hours a print would last. Reilly then turned to the footprint. Q. How would you preserve foot print»?. ·■—i A. I'd measure them and make a mold of them. Q. What would prevent you from taking measurements? A. If some one else did before I grot there. Q. Did some one else measure the footprint at the Lindbergh home? A. I understand Detective Degae tano did. Q. Did you take any measurements? A. No, sir. Q. Now about the ladder, where did you examine it? A. Ivlooked it over and processed it right in the hall. Q. What was the condition of the ladder—dry or wet? A. It was dry. Q. It was a cold night. Was there no frost? A. No frost. The Colonel's Ladder. Q. What kind of a ladder did Col. Lindbergh have in his garage? A. An extension ladder. Q. How high did it go? A. I didn't try to raise It. Q. You were there to investigate something, and after all your investi gation you didn't pull the string to see how high it would go? A. No, sir. Q. Who directed you to the ladder? A. I asked Ollie Whateley, and he showed it to me. Q. The butler? A. Yes, the.butler. Q. This footprint, was It more or less frozen in the mud next day? A. No, sir. Q. A State trooper had been put there to protect it, hadn't there? A. Yes. Reilly then excused the witness sub- ject to recall to make fingerprint tests in court. Wilentz asked one question on re direct. He directed Kelly to state .the time he processed the ladder. "Between 1 and 1:30 (a.m.)." Dirt Found in Nursery. State Police Detective de Gaetano was then sworn. Again the jury heard the account of what investigators found ir the Lindbergh nursery and elsewhere the night of the crime. De Gaetano told of finding three splotches of dirt in the nursery lead ing from the window to the crib. He said the path from the window to the crib was unobstructed. Going outside the detective came to the spot underneath the southeast nursery window. "The first thing I observed was a footprint. The next thing I observed was an indentation. I can't say it was a footprint. It had ridges in it. The next thing I saw was three other indentations, longer than wide." After describing the "ladder prints" under the nursery window he said: "I also saw a lady's footprint at the entrance to the house. Then I saw the ladder about 65 to 70 feet from the house." Hp was asked to identify the ladder and did so. The detective described the ridges noticeable in one of the impressions found ill the mud. This impression, which Wilentz soon referred to as a "hole." was only a short distance from the footprint, which faced the house, the witness said. Reilly then took the witness for cross-examination. Reilly tried to gain an admission that It would have been more logical for a climber to place his ladder on the firm base of the sidewalk, rather than on the slippery mud. The de tective remained unshaken. Saw No Mud on Ladder. Q. You saw one footprint in the mud at the base of the ladder? A. Yes. Q. Did you see any mud on the rungs of the ladder? A. I kept about 8 feet away from it. Q. Did you see any mud on it? A. No. Hochmuth was then called. He said he had seen a man In a car in Hopewell on March 1, 1932. The baby was kidnaped that night. He said there was a ladder in the car. Points to Hauptmann. Wilentz asked Hochmuth if he could point out "that man" in the car. "There he is," he said, his shaking finger pointed to Hauptmann. "Now will you step down and place your hands on his shoulder." Reilly objected to this until the aged man said, "He's the man between the State trooper and the man in a white shirt." He then got down from the .chair and placed his hand gingerly on H.Miptmann's shoulder and then with drew it quickly. Hauptmann shook his head in short negative rolls. "I saw the car coming, and the man in it looked out of the window at me as if he had seen a ghost," Hoch muth said "I object," Reilly sang out. "I ob ject to ghost stories." Hccaiis serin; car. The old man, trembling violently and speaking in an almost Inaudible tone, said the car swung into the Lindbergh lane and stopped briefly. Q. Do you remember the color of the car? A. Yes. a dirty green. Reilly began cross-examination. Reilly asked the witness to tell If he had stood in the court room doorway with a State Trooper during yester day's session. "Did that State Trooper point out Bruno Richard Hauptmann to you as he sat in his seat," bellowed Reilly. "No," shot back the shaky voice with spirit. Wllentz bounded to his feet In stren uous objection. "I object to the defense badgering this witness." The bearded little man, who gave his age as 78, shook. His hand clasped and unclasped continually. His head shook nervously. Justice Trenchard overruled several objections of the attorney general. "I see no badgering here,'' the justice remarked. "This Is a point of Inquiry." Witawe* Background. Hie surprise witness answered 'a number of questions about when he moved to Hopewell before Reilly snapped: Q. What was the date you say you saw this man? A. March 1, 1932. Q. What day of the week? A. Tuesday. 1 think it was Tues day. Q. What time did you see that dirty green car? A. About noon. It was a clear day. jRellly then had the old man describe that he had seen Hauptmann from his vantage point on the kitchen porch, which fronted on the Lindbergh estate, entrance line which Hochmuth referred to as "Undy's road." He said when he heard the dirty green car coming he looked at the road, thinking It might be Lindbergh. Q. Was It a cold day? A. It was March. Q. How fast was the car going when you first saw the man? A. About 40 miles an hour. "He speeded around the turn," the old man said. "Then he slid into the ditch, stop ped, and started again." "How many cars did you say you saw go into the ditch before this one?" "Seven." Q. And prior to this one, on what date did one go into the ditch? A. I can't remember. "How was the man dressed," Reilly asked, referring to the man in the dirty green car. "I think he had a dark shirt on. All I saw of him was the red face and the glaring eyes," the feeble voice re plied. Reilly questioned the old man on his visit to the jail a month ago when he viewed Hauptmann. He sought to bring out the old man's memory was faulty. The defense had Hochmuth say several times he had "never" told any one of seeing Hauptmann. When Wilentz sought to bring out that the trembling old man had dis cussed the case with State officials, Reilly objected strenuously, but Jus tice Trenchard overruled him and said the State had the right to clarify the point. Reilly demanded to know whether Hochmuth had ever been in an insti tution. "I was employed In the Hudson River State Hospital at Poughkeepsie, N. Y„ he said. Under further questioning he said he had been back there for a visit, but "never stayed there." Saw Picture in Paper. He said he first learned about Hauptmann in the newspapers. "I read about him and saw his pic ture there," he said, as his bony hands knocked against each other in staccato beat. Reilly excused the old man and Wil entz waived redirect. A 5-minute recess was taken. Capt. Lamb of the State police was the first witness sworn after the recess. Lamb's direct testimony was brief and there was no cross-examination. He said the ladder had been in his custody since June, 1932, except for the time it was in the possession of Arthur J. Koehler, weod technologist. He had been called only to account for the custody of the ladder. Koehler, wood expert of the United States Forestry Department, took the stand. He said he was stationed at Madison, Wis. Wilentz promptly started asking him about the ladder. Koehler said he had examined the ladder and had turned It back U Lamb. He was excused after a minute o: so by the prosecution, and the defense began cross-examination. Wilentz indicated that his testimony at this time would concern only pos session of the ladder and that hL expert testimony would come later. Defense Attorney Frederick A. Pop* conducted the cross-examination. Koehler said that he had taken thi ladder apart, removing the nails anc the rungs and later supervised its re· assembly, using the same nail». Defense Objects. Pope brought out that the mile hac passed from his possession, and hi corrected his testimony on this point When Koehler's cross-examinatior was over, Wilentz offered the laddei in evidence. Pope immediately ob jected. It was the State's second effort U place this highly important object in evidence. "I object." Pope began, "to this ai evidence for the same reasons as I expressed yesterday and for aeveral additional reasons." "It also appears." Pope continued, "that a saw cut has been made in one of the rungs." Part of Ladder Admisaable. Justice Trenchard said: "I don't seem \r have much doub» in my own mind that certain parts of the ladder are admissible as evidence "The framework, for Instance. "Then, too, there is this question of nails. I don't see how they figure in this case, but the counsel seems to." The court concluded, however, to defer "for the moment" the ladder's admission as evidence. Pope cited thap fact that Koehler did not know wnether the nails in the reassembled ladder were the originals. He advanced another point. "There is absolutely no connection, either by circumstantial or direct evi dence of that ladder with the ac cused." He argued that the ladder should not be admitted until it was linked with the defendant. "We will connect this ladder with Mr. Hauptmann," Wilentz said, in urging this exhibit be admitted. "I promise the counsel for the de fense this: This is the ladder found on the scene of the crime. We'vi traced It through its custody since then and we'll run it right inteen fixed to one of the flrst-sectlon îprights where the ladder buckled. Ladder I· Altered. Bornmann also said the nails had ieen removed for analysis and had jeen replaced with little metal tags ittached to their heads. White num oered thumbtacks were on each of the rungs, and a small slot had been cut In. one rung for a test. Associate Defense Counsel Frederick K. Pope, who makes a hobby of ima Leur woodworking, cross-examined the witness and brought out that the lad der had been taken apart and reas sembled during the tests, and that It was not in Bornmann's custody con tinuously. "We object to the introduction of the ladder at this time," he said. Justice Trenchard ruled: "It may well be that it is desirable t>efore this ladder is actually offered in evidence that it be made to ap pear, so far as counsel are able to make it appear, in whose custody this ladder has been, and what has been done with it. "But in order that that may be done, I think the ladder should be marked for Identification, so that it will be subject to the examination of such witnesses as counsel see fit to call and call it to their attention." The ladder was marked for identi fication. symDoi οι aiuck lium. The three-sectioned ladder became Ei symbol as the trial entered Its second phase. The witnesses to date have established the fact of the kid· naping and the identity of its mur dered victim. Now both sides are slowly building up their cases. An "inside" or an "outside" job— It is on this question that the legal battle lines are sharply drawn. The State reiterates its contention that Hauptmann, playing a lone hand, kid naped and killed the golden-haired youngster. The defense stamps the crime as the work of a gang and. by Innuendo, seeks to cast suspicion on persons connected with the Lindbergh household. The State's reconstruction of the crime through the testimony of the witnesses to date is that the kidnaper gained admission to the nursery by the ladder, stepped stealthily across the nursery leaving muddy clay prints on the floor, and took the baby down the ladder and into the night. To back this theory the SUte pro duces the ladder, found about 70 feet away from the house, where the kid naper abandoned it ir his flight. It also points to the man's footprint four.d binder the nursery window and to the indentations found in the soft soil as the marks left by the ladder uprights. Flyer Heard Noite. Lindbergh's story is also marshaled In support of the theory. He related how he and his wife were seated in the living room chatting that black, windy night when they heard a crash of "wood falling on wood.'' Another point advanced by the Stat· is that the ends of the second or mid dle section of the ladder were tipped with white paint. The white painted gray brick of the Lindbergh mansion rmd been scraped off at a point where the uprights of the first two sections of the ladder would rest against the house wall. insiae ι onirorrair. Beyond a tireless attack on the one man theory of the State, the defense has not indicated whether It will stake Hauptmann's life on the con tention the ladder was a stage prop, never used by a band which spirited the child down the stairs, or that it was used by a kidnaper who was handed the child by a confederate within the house. Ollie Whately, the mild-mannered Lindbergh butler who died of peri tonitis a year after the kidnaping, has figured more and more in Reilly's insinuating cross-examination. The defense chief laid stress on the fact the Lindbergh dog. of which Whately took care, did not bark that night, and that the butler's movement* have not been entirely accounted lor. Second-Rate Carpenter Made Ladder, Bruno Says, Smiling By the Associated Press. FLEMINGTON, N. J., January 8.— Bruno Richard Hauptmann turned back to court today in the most cheer ful mood he hu shown since his trial began—ready to hear more about the ladder built by "a second-rate car penter." After listening to the first testi mony on the ladder, allegedly uset by the kidnaper of the Lindbergh baby, the Bronx caqpenter said yester day to a guard: "If I made that ladder, I'd be ι second-rate carpenter. During the description of the lad der by Corpl. Frank A. Kelley of th« Mew Jersey State police, who ex amined it immediately after the «rime wu committed· HMptniH 4 listened Intently. Occasionally hi smiled. The progress of the trial into the more technical details of the imple 1 nfents of the crime diverted Haupt mann's mind from his own connec tion with the proceedings. His appetite, lost In the first two days when he was charged by the prosecution with being a baby mur derer returned, and he ate heartily oi the prison fare provided. He slept more soundly. While in court, Hauptmann showed increasing Interest. When a State exhibit, a photograph, was offered Id evidence and presented to the de fense for examination, the carpenter, usually indifferent to such details, 1 ι "Jafsie" and Other Key Witnesses Snapped at Haitptmann Trial; :%i,

No. 1—Dr. John F. Condon (Jafsie>. photographed on arrival at Trenton, N. J., where he will make his headquarters during the Hauptmann trial. At torney General David T. Wilentz of New Jersey is shown at left. No. 2—Court room scene during Tecess yesterday, showing arrow A, Col. Lindbergh; arrow B. Hauptmann: arrow C. Attorney General Wilentz, and arrow D. Mrs. Hauptmann. who was having a whispered conversation with her husband at time the picture was made. No. 3—Attorney General Wilentz (left) and District Attorney Samuel Foley of the Bronx. Ν. Y., "light up" during recess of the trial. No. 4—Betty Gow, nurse of the murdered baby, leaving the stand after three hours of grilling. A moment after the picture was made she collapsed. No. 5—William J. Allen, who found the body of the murdered baby near its Hopewell home, shown as he arrived to appear as a witness at the trial. No. 6—Edward J. Reilly, chief defense attorney, accompanied by members of his personal staff, shown entering the Hunterdon County Court House. —A. P. and Wide World Photos. Before Selling Inveitigate the Prie·» We Pay Old Gold

Jewelry of every description, brldgework, silver. No matter bow old or dilapidated any of foregoing articles might be you will be greatly surprised at the cafh priera paid by us. (Licensed by V. S. Govt.) SHAH SHAH 921 F Si. N.W. Phone NA. 5543—We Will Call KILL A COLD "DEAD"! Tr»»f g cold promptly. Take Oror·'* LazitiTi Bromo Qulolaa. It doaa four Important thiofa: Flrat, It opena th· bow· •la. Second, it combats tb· Infoctlon and farar In tha ayatem. Third. It rallaraa tha haadarha and erlppr faalinf. Fourth. It ton·· th· syatam and hclpa fortify against fnrtbar attack. At all drnc atora·. Grove's LAXATIVE BROMO QUININE r i Because It's Clearance You can take choice of any Richard Priilce Suit Overcoat Topcoat Formerly $35 and $40 Richard Prince Clothing has the distinction of being the counterpart of custom tailoring—in design and craftsmanship—and if it wasn't CLEARANCE TIME you'd never have such an opportunity at such a price. Clearance gives Shirts and Neckwear an aivful wallop MODE SHIRTS—Our famous Glenbrook broad cloth and fancy madras, including some of the choicest imported weaves. They have separate collars to match tab and regular collars attached. $J.59 3 for $4.75 $2, $2.50 and $3 grades. ALL CUT-SILK NECKWEAR—includes Welsh Margetson of London $2 $2.50 65c grade 49c $1 grade 79c 51.50 grade $1.15 $3.50 $4 $5 $6 J- grades $1-49 j. grades $2-49 I grades $3-49 You can easily arrange a charge account, with monthly settlements; or on our 12-payment plan. The Mode—F at Eleventh

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k onut» taw farrrlnr pcata. I Your druggist, through past experience, has learned to respect the high quality and taste appeal of Wadrex Ice Cream. He also knows of its popularity among ice cream lovers. That’s why he recommends and sells it! aP A Product of COLONIAL ICE CREAM COMPANY LOCALLY OWNED AND OPERATED For Your Neareet Dealer Call ATlantie 6000 MUG i H a new HOME SERVANTS DISPLAY ROOM Under the supervision of J. A. r—p-=-v Barringer, formerly with National I Electrical Supply Co., and Potomac i Electrical Appliance Co. Mr. Barr- j inger, as a star na tional salesman of Gen- v ances is more than qualified to guarantee you courteous, thoughtful service through his many years of experience with G-E merchandise. This display room, built around a G-E Kitchen, will show a complete line of the newest General Electric kitch en appliances, including re frigerators, ranges, dish wash ers, and laundry equipment. All of these ap pliances cany the protection policies of General Electric, National Electric, and J. A. Barringer an unbeatable TRIPLE GUARANTEE. Major Appliances may be purchased on the same deferred payment plan as used by the National Electrical Supply Company. OPEN EVENINGS UNTIL 9 P.M. J. A. BARRINGER 514 10th St. N.W. Met. 6918 Experienced Advertisers Prefer The Star An Advantageous Purchase Enables Us to Offer You THIS REMARKABLE VALUE IN A KARPEN LIVING ROOM SUITE TWO PIECES $119 Karpen Guaranteed Construction The moment you lay eyes on this suite you will appreciate that $119 is an exceptionally low price for so attractive a sofa and chair! Karpen made them specially for our January selling and put on them some of the most distinctive tapestries you ever saw on a quality suite priced so low. j Quality tapestries, tdo, and in your choice of several smart colorings. Karpen created these suites in their characteristic quality way, and truly gave us an advantageous purchase when they agreed to use such beauti ful upholsteries over their guaranteed construction, and still keep the price low enough to enable us to offer you these suites at $119. Our price, too, is figured real close," which doubly insures the unusual value you receive when you purchase one. Quantities are limited, so we urge you to come in early. Other Karpert Upholstered Suites As Low As $89.75

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to get better quainted with SELF RISING tftl FLOUR This week your dealer is holding an “Acquaintance Sale** of this popular flour—at special prices If you are not using SELF-RISING WASH INGTON FLOUR for biscuits, waffles, muffins, etc., now—it is only because you don’t realize what a saving it means of TIME, LABOR and MONEY. No baking powder is required with SELF-RIS ING WASHINGTON FLOUR. It comes to you all prepared wittf the exactly correct pro portions of purest leavening phosphates—the bone and muscle building kind. It is no work to have biscuits, waffles, etc., whenever you want them —for SELF-RISING WASHINGTON FLOUR doughs are ready for the oven in a jiffy. Like any other good thing Self-Rising Washing ton Flour is imitated—but you can only get genuine satisfaction with GENUINE Self-Rising Washington Flour. t This stamp of tested Is printed on every approval of the sack of Self-Rising American Medical Association Washington Floor Made in Washington h\ the

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mm /or Like watche*—diamond·—«old teeth and old. discarded Jewelry. For o»er eo rear· we have been buylnfold (Old and paylnc SPOT CASH. Ueemed by the υ. S. Government to bay old cold. ■STEAK I I spread before I cooking with GULDENS] I Mustard! Another ETERNAL TRIANGLE Taft service—Taft location—Toft economy—a triangle that assure· your convenience and comfort. In the center of all business, shop ping and entertainment activities. 2000 rooms,with bath,from *2.50 HOTEL Alfrbd Lewis, Mgr. *r α ρ τ SUî: NEW YORK A NEW HOUR—a NEW S Τ Α Τ I Ο Ν—"The Budget Bunch and Me"' will he heard j every:Tuesday Nile, WRC, 6:15 j to 6t43t"' P.M. from now on! Listen in! NO CHANGE in the famous Kaufman Budget Plan of Buy ing Good Clothes! January Low Prices now prevail—MAIL this coupon Tonite—we'll have a Kaufman Budget Charge Ac count readv to use in 24 hours D.J.KAUFMAN Subaccount He ose ο pen ο Kaufman Budget Charge Account in my name. I understand NO CASH PAYMENT it required, there'll be NO interest or carrying charges and I may pay tor whatever I purchaie in 6 semi monthly or 12 weekly payments! Name Address Employed by Age., Income I. Other Accounts (if any),. (S) m D.j.l\aufman 100-5 Pa. Ave. 1744 Pa. Ave. 14th and Eye EDUCATIONAL. BEGIN TODAY BEFORE IT IS TOO LATE INTERNATIONAL CARD PUNCH MACHINE 8PECIAL STATISTICAL. FILE and GEN ERAL CLERICAL The Civil Service Prepar atory School. 52!» 12th st. n.w. Met. B337.* Accountancy Pace Course·: Β C.S. and M.C.S. Degrees. C.P.A. Preparation. Day and Even ing Classes· Coeducational. Send for 28th Υβαι Bock. Bbnjamin Franklin University TRANSPORTATION BLDG MET-28IS SPECIAL $5 COURSES CALCULATING MACHINE SPECIAL COURSE IN COMPTOMETER, MONROE AND BURROUGHS. BEGIN TODAY a spe cial course. $5 complete. SPECIAL FOR COMING EXAMS In SHORTHAND AND TYPEWRITING. The Civil Service prepar atory School. L. Adolph Richards. Μ. Α.. M. 8. Prln.. S2ti 12th st. n.w. Met. 6387.· The Τemple School SECRETARIAL TRAINING Beginners' and Advanced Classes Day and Evening Session* Day Classes forming every Monday Review, Principles, Gregg Manual January 7, 5:15 P.M. Beginner's Gregg Shorthand Class January 16. 7 PM. Reviews. Principles, Pitman Shorthand Januaary 28 1420 Κ St. N.W, NATIONAL 3258 "HAIR OF SERPENT' ONLY Gill RAKER Sea "Monster" on Shore Is Identified as Huge Basking Shark. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. A specimen of the "hair of a sea serpent" has just been received by the National Museum. Forwarded by the American con sul at Prince Rupert, British Colum bia, through the State Department, it is a single strand of the supposed fur collar around the neck of the strange creature found partly de composed on the beach of a small island off the Pacific Coast November 19 by the captain of a Canadian fishing schooner. At the time It was widely heralded as the body of an animal which, If not a genuine sea serpent, was perhaps the type of creature upon which the various re ports had been built up. The mys tery was increased by the early failure of naturalists to identify it with any known genus of sea animal. Identified as GiU Raker. A single glance at the "strand of hair" convinced Dr. Earl S. Myers, curator of fishes at the National Mu seum, of the true identity of the creature, but it already had been identified by Dr. Wilbert Clemens of the Nanaimo Biological Station in British Columbia. It could be nothing else, Dr. Myers says, than one of the gill rakers of a basking shark. These are strands of very fine chitenous material, like the shell of an insect, about a foot long, which are inside the body of the living animal and serve as a very fine sieve for the minute plankton upon which this shark feeds. They serve the same purpose as the whale-bone sieves of certain varieties of whales. No other fish in the sea has just the same arrangement. Fish-Like Appearance Lost. The body of this basking shark presumably had been stranded on the beach for several days. The neck region had decomposed to such an extent that the gill rakers were on the outside and looked superficially like a collar of fine, black hairs. The body had lost its fish-like appearance so that it looked like some thing never seen on earth before. The basking shark. Dr. Myers says, is one of the largest of fishes, reach ing a length of about 30 feet. Its habitat is near the surface of the open ocean, and when it comes too close to shore it is likely, like the whale, to become stranded. It is not commonly known, even to sailors. Despite its enormous size and strength the basking shark is harmless, feeding only on the minute plankton or ganisms of the ocean surface. Make Good Fertilizer. California fishermen, Dr. Myers said, bring in two or three specimens of these giant fish every year and sell them to fertilizer companies. Inhabi tants of the west coast of Ireland hunt these sharks because of the value of their bodies for fertilizer. The past year has been notable for the many sea serpent reporte, with fantastic pictures of animals actually seen, and the identity of most of them can only be conjectured. This is the only one which actually has been sub jetced to scientific examination. It is highly probable. National Museum experts claim, that most of the strange creatures would turn out to be fairly familiar animals if they could be seen under favorable conditions. Among those whose identity still is a mystery is the Loch Ness monster of Scotland, of which actual photo graphs were taken, but under such poor conditions that they give few clues as to the possible nature of the animal. Many believe, however, that the "monster" is an abnormal speci men of a fairly common variety of seal. SIMPLICITY URGED IN TRAFFIC LAWS Admiral Bristol Tells Dupont Circle Citizens' Association Laws Are Complicated. Rephrasing of all District traffic regulations into simple, clear and understandable language as a means of educating motorists and combatting local traffic problems, was suggested by Admiral Mark L. Bristol yesterday afternoon at a meeting of the Dupont Circle Citizens' Association. Admiral Bristol, as chairman of the association's Committe on Traffic, has made an extensive study of the traffic situation in the Capital. He said a more understandable set of laws an£ regulations would ultimately bring about a great decrease in the number of accidents, facilitate traffic and bring "order out of chaos." The report was accepted and Admiral Bristol was requested to con tinue his study along the same line. Action will be taken at a later meet ing, Col. E. G. Bliss, president, said. Following a report by Woodson P. Houghton, the group went on record requesting an increase of metropolitan policemen, declaring the present num ber inadequate. The members voted also to support "any and all" meas ures designed as weapons to stamp out the "numbers" game, at the same time pointing out they believe public sentiment already has been sufficient ly aroused to do away with this form of gambling. The group voted to support a safety responsibility law for auto drivers. In another resolution, the associa tion approved the action of the Com missioners in placing an emergency ban on parking on certain streets in the District. At the suggestion of Harral Mulll ken, the association adopted a resolu tion requesting that all motorists be prohibited from sounding auto horns between midnight and 7 a.m. Wallace B. Robinson, assistant di rector general of the United States Railroad Commission, was guest speaker at the meeting. Monkey Causes Accidents. Just because a beggar's monkey decided to stray along the Great North road near Durham, England, he started a chain of events, which landed three men in a hospital. Cycl ist John Beresford picked up the pet and took him to a policeman's house, where the animal fastened its claws in a boy's arm and ran out dragging the boy behind it. In the excitement Beresford was knocked down by an automobile, and the car collided with a bus, which, In turn, was hit by a machine driven by Leslie Price. The monkey was found, unhurt, two miles away. Single Persons Taxed. All unmarried persons in Germany are facing Increasing tu rate·.

RESOLUTION HITS SCHOOL CHANGES Michigan Park Group De cries Move for Control by Commissioners. The Michigan Park Citizens' Asso ciation last night went on record ai opposing the proposed bill to give the District Commissioners directional power over the Board of Education The members declared that this bill would not only give the Commission ers power to appoint teachers in the District schools, but also dictatorial power over the whole school system They contended the Board of Educa tion was trained to deal with matters pertaining to the schools and that the Commissioners did not have full qualifications. The group passed a resolution in favor of the Commissioners controlling the recreational facilities m the Dis trict except those under control ol the public schools. Ask Safety Measure. The association voted to send a let ter to the Commissioners requesting that since Eighteenth street is to be improved, the opening of Taylor streel from Fourteenth street to Eighteenth street is almost essential for the safety of the school children going from Michigan Park to Taft Junloi High School. William M. Deviny was requested to send a letter to the House Com mittee on Appropriations requesting It to restore the appropriation of $115,000 for improvements to the Bunker Hill School. E. J. Brenn&n, chairman of the Public Utilities Committee, was re quested to send a letter to the Public Utilities Commission, complaining; of the Inadequate service and Irregular schedules of the busses and street cars in the neighborhood. Would Extend Service. The members of the association also voted to request the Public Utilities Commission to have all of the street cars going out Michigan avenue to continue to Twelfth street and Michi gan avenue and not cut back at Catholic University. Another letter was to be sent to the Public Utilities Commission request ing it to adjust the taxlcab zoning system with a view to putting In conformity with other sections of the city, or, if this could not be done Im mediately, to change taxlcab rates from sones to meters. Keeps Log; of Mosquito Bite. Keeping a log of every thing that happened to him became a habit with Joseph Percival Whitehouse, 59, chief engineer of a British liner, and when he was stricken with the Illness that led to his death he decided that a log should be kept. His wife carried out his plan. He died at Southampton after being bitten by a mosquito while aboard ship in London. His hand became swollen, and after he consulted doctors he entered a hospital. Hie log was produced for the coroner who de cided that the mariner had died of septic poisoning. Dresses Hook Up Back. Dresses which hook up the back have appeared in London.

SCHOOL CONTROL CHANGE OPPOSED Forest Hills Citizens' Group Contends System Is Well Managed. The proposed change to give Dis trict Commissioners power to super vise the public schools was vigorously opposed by members of the Forest Hills Citizens' Association at their meeting last night in the Ben W. Murch School. The group contended schools are being handled competently, and ex pressed the opiniqn that outside help might be employed when there was no necessity in going out of the city for teachers or supervisers. Possible merger of the Traffic De partment with the Police Depart ment was opposed. L. A. Carrathers, president of the association, compared figures of other cities In the cost of operation of the Police Department and said that the District had one of the highest operating departments in the country. Mid-Western cities, with populations almost twice the size of Washington, were In excess of oper ating costs by only a few thousand dollars. A letter was read, previous to the discussion, from the Columbia Heights Business Men's Association In which they stated that its own and five other groups had made a request for an addition to the police force. After reading his figures. Carrathers I was seleceted to represent the asso ciation at a later date, with the other organizations, and present his figures after receiving additional informa tion on the subject from the Police Department. It was the opinion of I the group that these figures might j tend to change the complex of the 1 situation. The proposed personal income tax for residents of the District was opposed by vote after much dis cussion. Where Seven Died in "Flying Hotel" Crash The charred remains of the big American-built plane, the Dutch air liner Ulver, nicknamed the "Flying Hotel." shown where it fell 10 miles southwest of Eutbah Wells, a lone depot In the middle of the Syrian Desert. Thla photograph, taken shortly after the wreckage wm discovered by British Royal Air Force flyers, shows rescuers at work trying to recover the bodies oi the seven Dutch occupants, three passengers and four οt the crew, who perished in the flames. —Wide World Photo. DECREASE IS NOTED IN LIQUOR SEIZURES

Total During First 11 Months of 1934 Ii 5,460—14,759 in 1933, 23,749 in 1922. Br the Associated Prut. A marked decrease In liquor seizures by the Customs Bureau since repeal was noted yesterday in the bureau's report for the first 11 months of 1934. Seizures during that time numbered 5,460, as compared with 14.759 during the calendar year of 1933 and 33,749 during 1922. Importation* through legal channels opened by repeal Increased from 791,529 gallons paying duty of $5,741, 976 during 1933 to 7,046,289 gallons paying <41,081,882 for the 11-month period of 1934. The 1932 figures were 43,690 gallons, with a duty of $262,207. Total customs revenues for the 11 months of 1934 were $308,143,363, with the liquor duties representing 12Λ per cent of this. The bureau reported that although liquor seizures for the 1934 period showed more than a 90 per cent de crease from 1932, alcohol seizures in creased. ALSO LOW FARES FOR JO-DAY SEASON COACH

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I LUNG words... IT N^BOOY^SAYS THEM IE GIRL Wl ETIC SKIN of lux Tell·» Use all the rouge and powder you wish, but guard against COSMETIC SKIN this way.. SOFT, LOVELY SKIN is thrill ing to a man. Every girl should have it—and keep it! So what a shame when a girl lets unattractive Cosmetic Skin rob her of this charm! It's easy to guard against this modern com plexion trouble. Cosmetics Harmless if removed this way Many a woman who thinks she removes make-up thoroughly is actually leaving bits of stale rouge and powder in the pores. Grad ually the pores become enlarged tiny blemishes appear, black heads, perhaps. Warning signals of Cosmetic Skin! Lux Toilet Soap is especially made to remove cosmetics thor oughly. Its ACTIVE lather sinks OF COURSE ι use COS METICS, BUT I NEVER WORRY ABOUT COSMETIC SKIN THANKS TO LUX TOILET SOAP. ITS EASY TO HAVE A GORGEOUS SKIN THIS WAY deep into the pores, gently re moves every vestige of dust, dirt, stale cosmetics. Before you apply fresh make-up during the day— ALWAYS before you go to bed at night—protect your skin with this gentle soap 9 out of 10 screen stars usel

Page 8

THE EVENING STAB With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY January 8, 193 THEODORE W. NOYES.. .Edito The Evening Star Newspaper Com pan Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Ofllce: 110 East 42nd St Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Bulldinf. ■uropean Offlce: 14 Regent St.. London. England. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Edition. The Evening Star 45c per montl The Evening and Sunday Star (when 4 Sundays) tiOc per montl The Evening and Sunday Star (when 5 Sundays) H5c per montl The Sunday Star 5c per cop: Night Final Edition. Night Pinal and Sunday Star TOc per irontl Night Pinal Star 6ôc per montl Collection made at the end of eacl month. Orders may be sent by mall o: telephone National 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Bally and Sunday. .1 yr.. $10.00: 1 mo., 85Vï αΐΐττ In the colonial sphere France makes Italy various coveted and substantial concessions. The 100,000 Italians resi dent in Tunis are granted extended rights, while certain strips of territory in adjacent French colonies and pro tectorates are ceded to Italy for in corporation henceforward in Libya and Italian Somaliland. A port and some important railway privileges are said 10 be included in these arrangements. Full details are lacking, but the African settlement is understood also to pro vide for French acquiescence in Italy's expansion plans in Abyssinia, a project that at the moment is the object of vigorous Abyssinian protest at Geneva. How the French and Italians reconcile their private "deal" affecting the ter ritory of a fellow-member of the League with their joint obligations un der the Covenant is somewhat obscure. With prospective improvement in Franco-German relations as a result of the Saar plebiscite and the compre hensive Franco-Italian understanding, the new year opens with the most fa vorable outlook for peace that Europe has faced in a decade. It is a con summation which the whole world greets with gratification and strength ened hope. Reference to Huey Long as "in the dog house" causes curiosity as to whether a man is trying to bite a watch dog of the Treasury. After Attorney Reilly's questioning Betty Gow fainted. There are many kinds of "third degree." The New Deal will not be permitted to mistake itself for the same old dole. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Worth -Whllenem. "I should have been a greater man," Said Hezekiah Bings. "Lost opportunities I scan That promised brilliant things. I might have been a pirate bold And massed a glittering pile. But pirates have been hanged, I'm told It wouldn't be worth while. "I might have had a voice Inspired To elevate mankind, And fed to Hons much admired For martyrdom Inclined, When glorious sunset skies are shown I rest, and maybe smile; The splendors that I might have known, Perhaps, were not worth while." J Responses. "You have heard many presidential messages.'' "Yee," answered Senator Sorghum. "A presidential message always affects me In one of two ways. It either puts me to sleep for an hour or It gives me insomnia for weeks." Jud Tunkins says he wishes the underworld wouldn't keep so busy that when he gets through reading the crime testimony he's too tired to pay proper attention to Supreme Court decisions. Geometrical!. A deal that's square seems only fair, The triangle we dread, Which often brings domestic care Till happiness has fled. A new deal brings us joy intense, Yet theories we've found May look like circles all Immense That just go 'round and 'round. Peace. "Do you think there will be peace on earth as Christmas promised?" "May be," said Miss Cayenne. "But the sailors and flyers didn't promise anything for the sky and the ocean." "Much sorrow is caused," said HI Ho, the sage of Chinatown, "by my neighbor, Hi Hat, who makes others miserable In order that he may seem happy by comparison." Point Neglected. How does he wear his collar, How does he wear his tie; How does he spend a dollar When an audience Is nigh. A statesman Is inspected For what he eats or drinks; One question is neglected, None asks of what lie thinks. "Economy," said Pncle Eben, "is sumpln' dat a man thinks other folk ought to practice so that he won't be 'bilged to stint hitKlf." LJ THIS AND THAT

BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

Are city people different? There are some who think they are, and one of the differences la this: They always want to do what they want to do, just the way they want to do It, and especially at the time they want to do it. Some observers of the urban scene insist that this is a typical city atti tude. Maybe It helps account for the prevalent traffic situation. No doubt It is purely a state of mind. The city separates us, and gets us into thinking mostly of our selves. TTien when we think of some thing, we can see no reason why the other fellow will not genuinely accept the plan.

The truth is that most humans need a little time to make up their minds. Especially in the city they do not like to have the plans of others thrust upon them for immediate acquies cence. They want to be consulted. This idea of consultation is a defi nite city idea, too. It differs from the ancient state of acceptance of what happens (just as it happens) which holds sway in country districts. Even in such a small matter as that of "dropping in" on a neighbor. The city person is more inclined to do this without phoning first than his country cousin. Despite the tremendous number of telephone calls made in the modern metropolis, very few of them are in regard to calling on others. It is mostly a case of "let's get in the car and take a ride," and then when that ride happens to take them past a certain home, in they come, 1 whether it suits the convenience of those within or not. ψ ψ w It is Just a small instance of the plain fact that city people prefer to do what they want to do just when they want to do it, without particu lar reference to others. Let us put up a plea for a little regard for these others, their mani fest likes and dislikes, their reasons for such preferences. Surely they must have reasons! If such are not plain, let us try to reason about it and give the folks credit for knowing what they are about. Perhaps they are not eccentrics at all, but simply persons with good common sense, who do know a thing or two, after all. Here is the garden enthusiast, who knows exactly when his garden is at its height, and plainly indicates that he would prefer to have you call to see it some Sunday afternoon, when it looks its best in the sunshine. Why not give the fellow credit for knowing his own garden, and when it looks best? He is a critical chap surely if it looks good to him, at a certain time, it will look good to the rest of us. But what do the callers do? Do they not, invariably, appear upon the scene after the prize blooms are with ered, and almost always at times of the day when the light is not right at all? Every one with a garden to display has had this experience. Sometimes it seems that visitors will wait pa tiently for weeks, until the perfect moment for viewing the bloom* at their very worst. Such persons would resent loudly the implication that they had done any such thing, but the facts In the case speak against them. The truth is that their crime, if such it may be called, consists mainly of consulting their own wishes, rather than the evident desires of others. It is the city complex, as It might be called with much truth.

Few of us are free from it, owing to the fact that we live at some distance from our friends. In most cases, and do not have them present with us at all times. This Is the surface explanation. The deeper reason Is seated In the mind itself, that scarcely-to-be explored depth. Human beings seldom prefer to consult the preferences of others, If they can get out of doing It. City life simply makes the path easy. The fault, if it is such, must be placed on humanity, not on urban living. It Is a growth of modern life. There were always persons who acted mostly as they pleased, with little reference to the wishes of others. The city makes that way easier for the average per son. The problem Is recognized with all its implications in large affairs, but seldom put down on a simple basis. Putting it on such a basis brings it home to heart and bosom, as Bacon phrased It. The Inclination of the strictly mod ern mind is to regard affairs as large, momentous, weighty, rather than to think of anything as trivial. Inconse quential, simple. This view Is an offshoot of high pressure salesmanship, as selling by making a nuisance of yourself was called. The phrase, "high-pressure salesmanship," was Itself a proof of what we here say. It was, in essence, an attempt, and a successful one for a time, to boost nuisance-selling Into more public esteem. It would be better to impress the customer with a high-sounding phrase than ever to permit him to see that such a form of salesmanship was as simple as discourtesy often makes itself. No man would feel as offended at being the butt of "high-pressure salesman ship" as of plain boorishness of ap proach.

Selfishness might dictate heeding the desires of other persons. It ought to be evident that if a friend plainly indicates that a cer tain time is best for a certain viewing, such as the garden, he may know what he is talking about. If he does, the time he indicates will give the visitor the most pleasure, everything taken into consideration. It may even outweigh convenience! Just plain selfishness, then, ought to come into this matter. Heaven knows it comes into other matters; there is no good reason why it should be kept out of this one. Is it kept out, as a matter of fact? But the selfishness which tells one to do what he wants to do. at exactly the time he desires, without reference to the desires of others, is peculiarly urban in its implications. It means that the convenience of others is never consulted for an in stant. Its penalty Is that one may not be as welcome as If the other had been consulted. Use the telephone more. That is what It is for. Headway Impossible Against Traffic Death Rate Till Lawless Driving Ceases Ο To the Editor of The Star: In last Friday's papers I noticed the statement that on January, 3, 1935, one hundred and thirty people were tried for traffic violations and fined $1,500. That statement should be so discreditable to the good name of the city that no one would publish it. The idea is given in the article, how ever, that this indicates a real effort to stop the killing of people on the streets of the District. There have been even more "suc cessful days" for the Traffic Bureau and traffic squads of the Police De partment within the last few months, for I recall that one day the state ment was made that $2,500 in fines were assessed. Again, what a dis creditable thing for the District of Columbia I The arrest of the average law-abid lng citizen for a slight violation of some perking regulation (or similar, and In most cases accidental, viola tion of driving rules and regulations so numerous that no human being can remember them all) has just as much effect on stopping the killing of people on our streets as if the Department of Justice proudly recorded arresting a thousand drunks, petty thieves and similar minor offenders in an attempt to show that they were putting down the racketeer, the kidnaper and the No. 1 or 2 public enemies that have murdered their half dozen or dozen. #The Department of Justice is making headway, not by numerous arrests, but by arresting the killer or killing the killer. When the District of Columbia goes to the root of the trouble and stops the violators of the law who brought about, directly or indirectly, the one hundred and thirty-five deaths in 1934, the District of Columbia will begin to make some headway in re ducing the death rate. Recently eleven rules were published by which the city apparently proposed to decrease the terrible death toll from automobiles. Of the eleven, not one will have an iota of effect, ex cepting possibly the one compelling the examination of the brakes of all cars twice a year. But how many people are killed in the District each year through the failure of the brakes on a car? I have not the details of the accidents, and I am told by those who have tried to get them that they can not be obtained. My guess is that comparatively few people are killed by cars with faulty brakes or under conditions where the condition of the brakes had anything to do with the fatal accident. Parking overtime, even improper parking, kills no people, and yet the law-abiding public of the District of Columbia is gouged out of tens of thou sands of dollars per year because inad vertently they have violated some parking regulation. Of course, it is easy to keep tab on cars parking over time, or to watch to see if some person parks a car two minutes before 9:30 a.m. or leaves his car five minutes after 4 p.m. on streets where there are signs forbidding such traffic vio lations, and yet 90 per cent of the time when good citizen is fined under these conditions there is not the least inconvnlence in the world occa sioned by the parking before 9:30 or the parking after 4. But, then, they are the easiest people to get. The greatest difficulty of the traffic situation in the District of Columbia is lack of planning and building ahead. Until the traffic situation in the District of Columbia is directed by an able engineer of wide experience, who will organize a group and plan the development of streets Inside the District and, working with Maryland authorities, the development of en trances outside the District, traffic conjeetion will get worse and worse.

I There should he today—in fact, should have been 10 years ago—plans for the widening of streets, the open ing of new thoroughfares and the study of the approaches to the city for 15 years hence, 25 years hence and 50 years hence. Instead of such plan ning we find a condition where when some accident takes place either an other traffic light is stuck up or a few more signs nailed to our trees or electric light or telephone poles, or another traffic regulation written. And the effect is to pile confusion upon confusion. Today the traffic signs are beginning to rival the leaves of the trees in numbers. I have always believed in being specific. If the Police Department and the Traffic Department have kept the records they should keep, they know who are causing the killings. They know the types and conditions of the cars, the light trucks and the taxicabs. They know the ages, sex, color and other facts concerning the drivers. Without all such facte care fully gathered, the average citizen must depend upon his own observation, and 40 years of work have shown me that careful observation is most of the time better than the poorly or ganized records kept by many organi zations.

Nearly 15 years of continuous driv ing on the streets of the District, many thousands of miles per year, in all conditions of traffic and weath er, to which should be added a rather careful reading of traffic accidents, as recorded in the daily papers, in dicates to me clearly that the great est traffic violators are the taxicab drivers. It would seem to me that 85 per cent of all the traffic violations I have observed are caused by the said taxi drivers. For their numbers, the drivers of light trucks and delivery wagons are equally guilty, and one should not overlook the drivers of mail wagons. These classes of drivers, especially the light truck and delivery drivers and the taxi drivers, invariably start on a red light instead of waiting for the green; they cut around all other drivers at stop lights and everywhere else: they hurl themselves into a traffic line to scare the civilian driver out of his place; they drive at high speed when they have a passenger and loiter at low speed when they have none. To get passengers they stop everywhere and anywhere sud denly and without warning; they whirl in the streets, take corners at high speed and in every way endanger traffic. Just how many accidents they are involved in I would not attempt to say. They are generally expert drivers, but their influence on the less expert driver jvho, exhausted, tries to get a decent break while driving among them is the cause of probably as many accidents, almost, as the taxi drivers are involved in themselves. All this could be stopped if a con centrated drive were made by the Police and Traffic Bureaus at first one street intersection after another and with a proper campaign of publicity. Now I have every sympathy with the taxi driver, who must earn a living, just as I have every sympathy with the policeman who must en force the law, yet good sense would teach that taxi driver that proper obedience to the law would save him time and money, because every ac cident, however slight, costs the taxi man time and perhaps injury to his car, both of which are money out of his pocket. I have remarked that the taxi driver Is an expert driver. I made that re mark to an Insurance man of this city who drives perhaps a couple of thousand miles a month in his busi ness and who has been in the insur ance business for thirty years or more in this city, and hi* reaiy to me waa; Great Improvement «In the Botanic Garden To the Editor of The Star: Several months ago I read a letter In your paper about the Botanic Oar den of Washington and at that time fully agreed with it. It Is about four years since I visited the old Botanic Garden and at that time it was no credit to Washington—in fact, it did not deserve the name of garden. tAst week the local branch of the National Association of Gardeners visited the gardens and I, as a member of that body, was with them. It was one of the most pleasant surprises of my life and judging from the comments I was not the only one. Moat of these men have been gardeners In different parts of the world and have seen the finest botanic gardens In Europe, but It was hard to convince them that the planta they were looking at were the same as they had seen a year or two before. Even taking into consideration the advantages of modern engineering with its heat control, ventilation sys tem and power sprayers, the Washing ton Botanic Garden is something ol which any city or country might be proud. Any one who would like tc forget these cold Winter days Just step Into this tropical garden and they will see something which is beautiful, edu cational and a credit to all concerned In its construction. β HUGH McRAE. Americans Should Not Vote in Other Countries To the Editor of The Star: I very heartily agree with Ε. Τ Smith's letter in your columns, in ref erence to the German-Americans whc have gone back to Germany to vote in the Saar election. It is an insult to all patriotic Americans for these hyphenated Amer icans to be allowed to vote In twc countries. There is something sadlj lacking in our officiais when they per mit such a thing to happen. That something lacking happens to be honot and patriotism. If we have no such paragraph in our immigration law: it is high tune we inserted one to the effect that no one should be allowed to vote here until he took oath of cit izenship, and after taking such oath should keep out of the political mire and Intrigue of any foreign country. I agree with Mr. Grossman that we should let European gangster nations stew in their own gore. Any person with brains and education enough tc read, knows that 90 per cent of Europe is not worth one minute of an American's time. While tens of thousands of Colonial stock Americans are on relief rolls, these hyphenated Americans and a half million smuggled aliens are on the best of jobs here. When are we going to clean it out? What are we waiting for? PERD L. CAIN. Use Waste Lands for Homes for Workers To the Editor of The Star: The veterans as well as other citizens are a symbol of a serious problem in this country that has not been solved by Congress, the churches, the Associated Charities or the Com munity Chest. They are Americana and represent millions who can not get work and who suffer for the necessities of life in this country of vast wealth. Handing out doles in the form of money, food, clothes, etc., does not solve the problem. There are many million acres of waste land in this country. Why cannot the Government, either Fed eral. State, or both, build homes for workers on this waste land and have the land planted for future forests or crops. The workers could pay for the homes out of the money they re ceive for work. A tree crop is too slow a crop for an individual to depend upon for livelihood, but it would be an investment for the United States or any individual State to transform waste land into magnificent forests. A constructive Nation-wide move ment of this kind would furnish work for people along all lines and result in permanent wealth and beauty for the United States. BLANCHE C. HOWLETT. "You should see the terrific sums the insurance companies are paying out for traffic accidents among taxicabs." I have referred to the inspection ol brakes, and yet my suspicion is that the vast majority of all deaths are caused by cars in good condition. In other words, it is the driver and not the car that Is at fault. Nearly every writer on traffic acci dents winds up by saying that statis tics show, or the traffic people claim or indicate, that liquor has nothing to do with the figures in traffic acci dents. The one who writes that is either ignorant of the effects of liquor or else is tickling himself under the seventh rib and trying to fool the public for reasons of his own. Ol course, they will say that there are comparatively few drunks driving cars I will admit that. But the man that is really drunk is not the dangerous driver of a car. The liquor causes the accidents. When the man has two or three or four drinks, who is far and away from drunk and who can probably walk straight and talk fairly straight, yet every one knows who has studied the question, that that man's reflexes—otherwise his ability to "per ceive critical situations quickly and act Instantly"—are dulled. A car moving at twenty miles an hour is going thirty feet a second; at thirty miles, forty-five feet a sec ond. In other words, each mile per hour adds nearly one and a half feet per aecond to the speed. As the speed goes up. a fraction of a second delay In applying the brakes or in steering a car away from a pedestrian means the difference between life and death, and I maintain that the man with a few drinks who thinks he is not drunk and who propoees to show the world he is not drunk is a far greater men ace than the man who is so drunk he ran hardlv steer a car. Now my object in writing all of this is to get down to the one thing. Traf fic fatalities in the District of Colum bia and elsewhere in the United States are not going to come down until Traffic Bureaus and those in charge of them go back to fundamentals, such as the proper extensions and Improve ment of highways and streets, and next going after the constant law violator, and then by proper publicity, showing up the kind of improper driv ing that brings disaster. A man or woman blithely smoking a cigarette held between the fingers of the left hand and steering through street traffic with the other ought to be stopped from driving until they have sense enough not to do that sort of thing. When business men will try to prevent accidents by hiring none but competent drivers instead of depending upon Insurance to pay for their accidents, the accidents in the city will decrease. When the taxi driver and the driver of delivery vehicles is forced to obey regulations accidents will decrease, and when the police quit harassing good citizens by spending their time spotting perked cars and get after the Dillingers and the Pretty Boy Evanses of street and highway traffic, then will the District of Columbia have some chance to step down from it· baneful position of being one of the most deadly cities in the United States, so far as auto mobile traffic is concerned. ΛΜΟΒ FRIES.

à V ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. H AS KIX.

A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Washington Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. What is the cost of the new lighting system in the Metropolitan Opera House?—G. M. B. A. The recently installed stage elec trie system cost $250,000. Q. Does gold production Increase steadily?—S. W. M. A. In I860 gold production for the whole world was <134,000,000. It dropped to $91,000,000 in 1874 and rose to $455,000,000 in 1910 It drop ped again during the 20s to around $330,000,090, but was up again In 1932 to nearly $500,000,000. Q. How did the drink called Tom and Jerry get its name?—W. T. A. In Life in London, by Pierce Egan, published in 1821, two char acters, Corinthian Tom and Jerry Hawthorne, see life, much of it of a low and fast order. Prom their names low drinking shops were called Tom and-Jerry shops, and eventually a drink was given the name. Q. Please describe an Indian peace pipe.—T. D. A. The calumet or pipe of peace is about 2'/a feet long. The bowl is made of highly polished red marble and the stem of reed. The stem is decorated with eagles' quills, women's hair and other objects. Q. What waters are classed as terri torial?—J. D. A. Territorial waters are those which are subject to the Jurisdiction of a sovereign State. They includ« waters lying within a State, waters which are boundaries between States and waters upon the coast. Q. When did the first passenger train reach Victoria Falls?—H. B. A. On the 22d ol June, 1904, the first passenger train of the Cape to Cairo Railway reached Victoria Falls. Q. Did people other than Kings and Queen have "fools" In ther reti nues?—P. C. A. Prom medieval times till the seventeenth century licensed jesters or fools were usually kept at court, and frequently were included In retinues of wealthy nobles. Q. Is it correct to use the word en thuse?—L. O. A. According to Woolley, the word Is unknown to good usage. Q Is the famous Russian fair still held?—H. W. A. The Soviet Embassy says that the great fairs formerly held in Nijni- I Novgorod, Russia, have not been held for the past several years. Q. Was the building in which Ford's Theater was located ever a church?— H. R. J. A. The building was originally a Baptist Church and used as such for more than 15 years. It was used as a theater less than three years—from 1862 to 1865—and never as such after the assassination of President Lincoln. Q. Do hot water pipes freeze more often than cold water pipes?—H. L. M. A. Hot water pipes are reported to burst from freezing more often than cold water pipes. This is not because of a difference of freezing point of the 1 I water, but is probably because the water in cold water pipes contains dis solved air which separates on freezing and forms slushy ice; while when water In a hot water pipe freezes, it is more apt to become undercooled and then freeze rather suddenly, forming ι compact ice free from bubbles, which I is more apt to break a pipe. Q. Why le the Volta Bureau for the Deaf so called?—A. A. R. A. The Volta Bureau was founded and endowed In 1887 by Dr. Alexander Graham Bell, Inventor of the tele phone. It takes Its name from the Volta Prize, established by Napoleon, which was awarded to Dr. Bell by the French Government for his Invention of the telephone, from which he re ceived enough revenue to establish the Volta Bureau for the Increase and Diffusion of Knowledge Relating to the Deaf. Q. Did President Rooeevelt ever make a talk in Quincy, 111? What I have reference to was several years ago, or was «it some other Roosevelt? I think he made his talk in Wash ington Park —S. E. C. A. During the campaign preced ing the presidential election of 1920, Franklin D. Roosevelt made a brief stop at Quincy, and spoke in Wash ington Park, in behalf of his own 1 candidacy for Vice President, that of James Cox for President, and others of the Democratic party. Q. When were riding academiea first established in this country?— F. E. R. A. Frank G. Menke says: "Driv· ing academies are the outgrowth of public livery stables, which latter have existed along the Atlantic sea board for 250 years. Folk who stabled their horses in the same place struck up friendship, went for rides, and formed clubs. Livery stables had employes who taught riding and driv ing and the fancy places began to call themselves 'riding academies' In stead of 'livery stables.' I have tried various sources to ascertain which was first to call itself a 'driving or rid ing academy,' but none knows the an swer. The best guess is that It hap pened in New York right after the Civil War. They were known prior to the first National Horse Show in 1883." Q. What is the method of fishing known as guddling?—F. K. A. Guddling is the method of catching fish with the hands by grop ing in their lurking places. Q. What is meant by a Messiah complex?—A. C. A. In psychoanalysis, it is a delusion that one is born to do great things, to be a sort of Messiah. Q Who presented "Diana of the Tides" to the Nation?—T. A. A. This painting, by John Elliott, was given to the Nation by Mr. and Mrs. Larz Anderson. Q. Are mace and nutmeg the same spice?—D. S. A. Mace has a more delicate flavor than the nutmeg itself, and is made of the fibrous covering that surrounds the nutmeg shell. Q What is necessary to be eligible to the Society of the Daughters of Barons of Runnemede?—W. R. S. A. The membership is limited to women who can trace their ancestry to a direct line to a baron who in the year 12 A.D. compelled the signing of Magna Charta by King John at Runnemede. The organization is American. Q. Are there more Federal prison ers at Atlanta or at Leavenworth?— F. J. C. A. At Leavenworth. In the Atlanta Penitentiary there are 2,243 offenders in Leavenworth, main penitentiary, 2,993; Leavenworth annex, ;,715. Q. Were there ever any buffaloes to Virginia?—C. M. A. Buffaloes were hunted by George Washington along the Kanawha River, which was then In Virginia. In his diary, November 2, 1770, h· tells of the shooting of five buffaloes. Report on Mississippi Valley j Regarded as Guide for Future The report of the Mississippi Valley Committee of the Public Works Ad ministration is appraised by a ma jority of the newspapers commenting on it as an outline of vast projects which may be useful in future years. It is a voluminous report, covering j conservation of water resources in the ι great central valley, flood control, ir rigation and the national co-ordina tion of power generation. Some attention is paid in the com ments to the idea of rural electrifica tion, which the report suggests. On this point the Rock Island Argus ob serves: "It is apparent that in the great Mississippi Valley, including, of course, the upper river region, some Federal projects of immense scope will be carried out at some time in the future. One of those projects will be rural electrification. That is a matter to be considered in connection with industry in general. It is esti mated that 5.000,000 farm homes are without electricity. If there is power on the farms, the standard of living will be raised and power machinery, refrigeration and illumination will be demanded. This will greatly increase the demand for industrial production. It will go to restore the balance be tween agriculture and industry. How ever, many of these projects are mat ters for the future—for the next gen eration." "Most dramatic," says the New Haven Journal-Courier, "is its sugges tion that power generation be co ordinated nationally under Federal regulation. The committee's approach to such a conclusion is apparent. To build dams for flood control alone, while useful, might be economically unfeasible. 'But when given multiple purposes, such as power, recreation and navigation along with flood con trol, the economic status of such a dam may show a decided improve ment.' No general Federal usurpation of the power field is intended, how ever. 'This goal does not involve necessarily any great increase in the number of publicly owned lines,' the report remarks, 'especially if the pri vate companies co-operate in effect ing unification." "It is possible to visualize many ob stacles in the pathway of such a project; these chiefly concern our money economy," according to the Sioux City Tribune, which, however, calls the plan "one of the new frontiers on which men are just beginning to pioneer." The Lincoln (Nebr.) State Journal points out that "the heart of the continent is its richest part," and that the committee "has Included as necessary much that has been done, some that Is being done, much more that cannot be done now, much that should be done and some that should be done soon to prevent greater w*ste." The State Journal concludes with the warning: "In handing down our heritage to generations to come, we should not weight it with debts that children yet unborn will not live long enough to see paid. It Is well to work for the living, but we have no right to mortgage posterity." "Such a report, dealing with our social and economic problems, as well as those which are purely physical," advises the New Orleans Times-Pica yune, "cannot be accepted offhand as disposing of all the complicated Issues which have gone into the history of the valley, however earnest and well qualified may have been the compilers of the document. The best thought of our own region has not been con cerned ao much with 'stabilization ot i the old social order,' which embraces the tenant farmer or share croppcr, as we know him, as with finding an intelligent and workable substitute. Inability to solve this question has bet η one of the prime handicaps in crop-control efforts and also in the general labor readjustment. However much it may stand to benefit from the application of the report's largest gen eral scheme, the lower valley also is certain to turn anxious scrutiny upon the mounting total of Federal expendi tures and the possible national reac tion from such an outlay. With this reservation in mind, the report be comes an Interesting and possibly in valuable thesis, thoughtful study of which will prove helpful." The South Bend Tribune believes that the encouragment received by the committee was "designed to stampede the private utilities into acceptance of the politicians' conception of reason able rates for power." In this con nection, the Macon (Ga l Telegraph remarks: "We favor furnishing elec tricity to every possible consumer at such rates that the maximum number may use It. But we do oppose any fictitious set-ups as to the cost of it, and we oppose the injustice that threatens the people who furnished the money for experiments and who furnished a service when there was no one else to do it." "The whole plan is one for the future rather than of immediate ad vantage," in the opinion of the Tulsa (Okla.) World, while the Galesburg (111.) Register-Mail concludes that "the report includes vast schemes em bracing an immense region, and re quiring time, patience and large wis dom for consummation." Bromides Will Not Cure the Emergency To the Editor of The Star: The impressive part of the Presi dent's speech to Congress is its failure to consider the average man. The new powers are going to bring down the mighty "private power" and ele vate the poor. The average man is simply one of a hundred million goats who fall for the idea. The ordinary citizen does not participate—he sim ply hangs on for dear life and tries not to get caught in the beneficent changes that are being wrought—and pays the bills. The one glittering gem in the ad jectivous darkness is the proposal to put people to work. Here, of course, the fereat majority who are "fortu nate" to have jobs don't count. Of course, so simple a method as catch ing up on forgotten projects, some started back in 1776, by manning short-handed Federal sweatships and getting out those reams and reams of back work, will not be undertaken until executives stop talking about intelligence and use some. Instead, we will have bromides and new projects every minute to meet the permanent emergency. In brief, by creating useless work we will continue to dodge civil service and expand chiselers' paradise. Sounds like a racket to me, but maybe I'm wrong. J. H. BOYERS. Phenomenon. Prom the FUnt (Mich.) Journal. "Bandits Oet $50.000 in Bank." Kays a headline. Yes, sir, money turn* up In queer places. Κ A

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