New-York Tribune (New York [N.Y.])
July 20, 1866

Page 1

C5 BES Samy Tow Dad or PE PES Wes SL, STN lor id os -d yor. XXVL...N® 7.888, WASHINGTON S——— Movements in Congress Toward Ad: mitting Tennessee, The Matter to be Brought to a Vote To- Day in the House. Report of the Conkling Fry Investi- gation Committee. i 1he Former Exonerated from all Blame, and the latter's Conduct Severely Criticized. a Passage by the Senate of Nr. Mher- man's Loan Bill, An Authoritative Denial that Counterfeit Fives Twenty Coupons are in Circulation. ti 3B.) Passed in Senate for Relief of Portland Sufferers. WasmivaToN, Tharsday THE TENNESSEE QUESTION, Toward t latter part ol the session of the House to day matters got very lively, caused by the receipt of a dis dateh from Gov. Brownlow, announcing the ratification of the Consthrutl Amendment by the Legislature of Tennessee, It was about 4 o'clock when the dispatch was received by Mr. onal Bingham, and the House was engaged in debating the Fry ve. Conkling affair. When this was disposed of, Mr. Bingham rose and moved to take up the motion to reconsider the motion by which the bili to admit Tennessee into the Union was recom mitted to {he Committee on Reconstruction daring last March. his was done for the purpose of having Tennessee adwitted, and was the occasion of much excitement among members ol the floor of the louse. The Union party was divided, one party, bead vy Mr. Stevens, opposing any action on the matter antil they could he satisfied that ail was right, and the other party, under the lead of Mr. Bingham, wl have got the yest of and who wished 11 Mr. Rogers being absent with Moutgomery Blair iu Penusyl vania, the Democrats were without a leader; but when Mr Ancona led off by voting “No” on the first resclation to ad- a happens to em mediate getion, Journ, the est of his Democratic brethren followed dim. This gave the Pingham party the preponder- ance of power Mr. Stevens attempted to get Mr. PB am to postpone jthe matter for a day which Bingham declined doing. Mr. Stevens then determined te filibuster, sootion to reconsider on the table. On this motion Mr. Bing hem demanded the Yeas and Nays; but Mr. Lynch moved to adjourn, and the Yeas and Nuys being demanded 15 minutes were thus consumed; the motion to adjourn being defeated by a vote of 50 Yeas to 09 Nays. This was a test vote for the Stevens party. The next thing in order was Mr. Stevens's motion to lay ou the table the motion to reconsider the Ten nessee bil), Fifteen minutes more were consumed by the taking of the Yees and Nays; the motion to Jay on the tabl being deteated by a vote of 31 Yeas to 91 Nays M7. Stevens, although Le saw his party was dimiuishiog, was determined on holding ont, so he moved that the House adjourn. The Yeas and Nays were demanded, and 15 minutes st nd commenced operations by moving to lay the more were lost, the motion being negatived by a vote of 49to 71. This was a gain for Stevens's party on the vote to lay tbe main resolution on the table, and it filled them with hope Mr. Bingham, however, bad timed matters very well, snd de- elared his determination of reaching a vote, #0 he moved the previous question of his resolution, which was seconded by the call of the Yeas and Nave, the vote being 67 to 4%, Then followed avother motion to adjourn and a call for the yeas aud nays, which motion was defeated by a vote of 47 to At this juncture of vroceedings members on all sides commenced to get tired, and a compromise vas effected by Mr. Bingham stating that he wished only to have the bil to admit Tennessee, as reported by the Reconstruction Commit tee, brought before the House, in order that Le might offer a substitute. which was to admit Tennessee, she having ratified the Constitutions] Amendment. This partially satisfied the Btevens party and the main question was ordered, which was adopted by a vote of 36 to 34. After another motion to adjourn, which was defeatad by a yea-and-nay vote, the motion to recousider adopted, and Mr. Bingham offered his substitute, which be acted on tomorrow, im wediately after the expiration of the morning hour. Daring the whole of the above proceedings. which consumed about an was will our and a hell time, ti ere was muoh loud talking and running around on the floor. The Democrats all voted wito the Bing- bam party. vote to-morrow when the question of final admission comes up. The resolution introduced in the Senate by Mr. Trumbull for the recognition of the State Government of Tennessee, is an exact ecpy of a resolution reported from the Jodiciary Committee during the last session for the recognition of the Srate Government of Louisiana, whieh led to a discussion at the time but was vot adopted. The following is the dispatch of Gov. Brownlow announcing the section of the Tennessee Legislature iu ratifying the amendment NasHviLLE, July 16, 1566 The battle is fought and won. The amendment 1s ratified bra vote of 41 to 11. Two of the President's touls refused to vole, Give wy compliments to the man at the White Honse, W. G. BrowxpLow, THE LOAN BILL. Mr. Sherman's Loan bill passed the Senale to-day in an amended form. It differs so essentially from what it was wien first presented that it was thought necessary to change §ts title from An Act Reducing the laterest on the Public Trebt, and to Provide for Funding the same,” to “An aet tor the Payment of the Pallic Debt.” The first two sections, which gave to the Secretary of the Treasury authority to fund the debt in consolidated bonds, are strickcn out; $1¥0,000,000 are te be aunuslly applied to the payment of principa) wand interest of the public debt, according to (he first section of the amended LIL The second section prescribes the mode in w Leh coin received in payment of import dues shall be dis- posed of. The third section requires holders of 7,30 bonds to give four mouths notice of their choice to demand payment at aoaturity or to couvert into 520s. The fourth and last section prokibits National bank from boldivg interest-bearing notes as a part of their reserve fund, Mr. Grimes offered au amend: went prohibiting the use of National banks ax Government de- ypositories. This was adopted in Committee of the Whole, but wae sabsegaently rejected in the Senate, IN THE SENATE, Mr. Wilton made another ineffectual effort to get the bill for the equalization of bounties before the Senate to-day. It was made the specie] order for to-morrow. but way have to give WAY AAG to the unfinished business, which is the Civil Ap propriation Lill The Tariff 111] passed by the House yester- euitentiary, Gen. Fry would -beve an opportunity of vindi- gativg himself in some other way than by writing posthumous erters, Mr, SHELLABARGER stated that that point bad received the careful attention of the Committee, and fbat the Committee had recommended sueh proceedings against Gen. Fry as the House might deem to be due in the premises, The reason why the Committee has not reported a formal pesolution on the subject was that no proceedings eould be taken by House ageiust Gen, ¥ry without joining with Lim 1a such proceedings a member of this body (Blaine.) The proceedings should be a unit against them both, A mere malicions violation of the privileges of the House had never been brought to the notice of any of the Com- wittee, and it was dae to the House and to the nition that suck indignities should be stopped, He asked the House to do Mr, Conkling the Justice he was entitled to, baving been in this whole matter innocent, but wiigeptly patriotic, and service uble to the Government, by expressing its judgment on the whole question by yeas and Mays, and declaring .ts condemua- tion of an act of indignity offered to one of its wembers. The debate was further continued by Mr, WeNTwoRrTy, who hinted very broadly that it was Mr. Blaine, not Gen, Fry, against whom these proceedings should Lave been instituted by Mr. PIKE, who Gefended his colleague (Mr. Blaine), absent on account of illness; by Mr. RaNvaLL (Pa.), who put some interrogations as to the legality of memuver of Congress hold- ing anotuer office under the Goverument, and by Mr. Horcu- Kise, THE REPORT ADOPTED. Finally the debate was closed, and the vote was ‘akem by Yens aud Nays on the resolutions, and they were adopted by 9% Yeas against 4 Nays, Messrs, Boutwell, Ross, Thoroton he was in making them st Elmira, and the wain ground of difficulty

bota places, while Le wanted cone esln ent at one, In reference to that, the Commitiée savs: No evidence was given before the Committee tending to show any direct effort on the part of Mr. Conkiing to prevent the prosecution in Utiea or elsewhere, and the inquiry was, therefore, ner n whether he bad in any manner neglected to t to have of any one rowed to the questic communicate to the Department information which he ougt relation to frauds upon tie Government, action of Mr. Conklin as highly given in The Committee regard the commendable, Another of the statements of Gen. Frey's letter, which the Committee was directed to inquire into, is in these words: For his services in this connection Mr, Conkling received ou the 9th of November last, from the United States, the modest fe of $1.00; whether ho rece.ved 88 bas been reported, from his District, $3.00 more tor the ssume service, snd whether Le received additional Foes from guilty parties opposing toe proceedings at Utics, am usable now Lu say. THE COMMITTEE INDORSE MR. CONELING'S CONDUCT, In reference to that charge the report sass: Tust such a charge should, without any shadow of cause, bs made in any way, sects almost incredible; but that it should be casefully couci ei ws the forms «f insinuation, showing timidity sud solicitude to avoid eépotsibilicy, aud should then be written out pn and prescate, a A TIGL, 4 case r for fod wmineuce. as a wanton and inexcusable violation of the rights of I citizen and 8 member of the Government, The use that was made fn the House of that part of this charge relating to the fee of $3,000, oekes it doe to Mr. Conkling that it should be determined whether in the author snd set iis being member e'et of this House, rendered it improper or Hegel for bin to take the employment of its compensation; aud the inenuation contalned in this sfatement tuat tip fee was excessive, renders it proper to luquire whet! er it was “eh As to the latter noint Committee had no hesitation in coming to the cons lusion thet Mr. Cockling's gompepsation services rendered to the Governmeul wes 8 reasonable one. He had nothivg te do with fixie [ly amount; that was left wholly to the Government, ly gasepted the sgivice with relnilance, and vpon the, [resciug and repos solicitations of the Secretary of War. He took it at the saciibioe of other professional busines of equal va'ue, of of perhaps greater va'ue to him than he real for this. He took it at a time when it wes almost vital to the iuterest of the military service in New York that these services thould be rendered, The Committee are of the opinion that the Secretary of War rightly judged that no one could be found more eminently qualified on ail se Counts for the «ficient discharge of that Joculias services under the ye-uliar eircamstances iv which it was undertaken and rendered. The duties he sssomed were discharged with consummate ability end with jtegeity, diligence and complete success. They went through about hive mouths, They involved the examination of a la field of complicated facts, a labyrinth of frauds snd villainjes, The record of the trial makes some 1.500 pages of matter, and resulted not only in discoveriug and panishiug these crimes against the Govern went, but also iu the conviction and punishment of the Acting Provost: Marshal-General of West New-York. Mejor Haddock, and in the re covery from him of a fine of #10000, paid futo the United States Treasury beside the further som of over $200,000, which he was con- straine to pay over after the commencement of the prosecution, The Comutites have come unanimously to the conclusion that the con- duct of My, Conkling ie en that service and in ite went wuroughont, was not only free from any improper, se'fish or unpatri- otic motives and from all just grounds of reprosch, but his serviees y were singularly sbie, tuithful, snd in resd'ts valuable to the Govern ment. The Committee express the opinion, supported by refergnces. that there was no constitutional objection to Mr, Conkling accepting the oflice of Judge-Advecate. Under the heading of the Animus of the Blair Letter,” a history is given of a great fraod perpetrated upon the Government in connection with the firm of Allen, Kiley Hughes, described as notorious bounty brokers, inthe City of New-York, It is shown that Gen. Fry bad an interview with Allen, in which he made an arrangement that Allen should go to Utica, and told him he wanted evidence that would implicate Mr. Conkling in frands there, because he bad set himself against Gen. Fry added that be wanted Lim to get evidence against Conkling at all hazards. Tt appears also that 8 sum of §34 000 bounty, ap- parently due for alot of fictitious recroits, bounty jumpers, eulisted in the office of A len, Riley Hughes, in the carrvin out of a scheme concocted by Col, er, was, b pithy. Gen, Fry, paid over to that firm as if it was an al Sone ie transaction, After giving so detailed history of this trausae- tion, the report says: If there be any circumstances in the testimony which are suscepti. ble of further explanation, either by Gen. Fry or Col, er, to both of whom weuny of the statements relite, your Commitiee have not had the bevefit of their knowledge, as neither appeared as a witness in the case. As your Committee uve already explained, their investi gation of the matiers with which they have been charged by the order of the House, has thus far been con to that branch of the case relating to the evarges made by Gen. F jost th coe Conkling, leaving the other branch of Ea i fies. Ros. charges wade by the Hon, Roscoe Conkling against the Provost Marshal General uugouched. Whatever eviden tained in the reports of your Committee op ey By bese touching ti e management of the Provost-Marsha! ‘s Burean, Te as gia pssst af Ae hivive_iatios Ao Loe ves en, Fry pu on b Cowling. aw hat sivcad bass ex dsiagd. A. o far, therefore, as t ommittee have deemed it inent oy they have beard and cousidered it, and for pe in i oF ut premature and might work injustice, i your Commitee at this stage of their lnvestigation were w pronounce sffirmstive'y in ad vance upon a branch of the ease only coll ly i duced, and still further to be heard and considered, therefore, re- fain altogether from expiessing their judzewent upou the guilt or in- nocence of Gen, Fry on the charge ‘of the alleged corrupt bargain with Allen, sud his cont @-tion with the Hoboken enlistments. CONULUBIONS OF THE COMMITTEE. Pi conclusions arrived at by the Committee are as wllows Your Committee having against the Hon, Roscoe y aly Your Committe, fully aud carefully considered the charges onkling, contained in the letter of Gen, Fry, are uuspimous y of opinion that noue of the charges in the letter, whether made direct’y and openly or lndigegtly and covertly, have any toundation in truth, aud (Lat toe conduct of sir. Conklin rela tion to each of the matters investigated by the Committee bras been nbove reproach, and that vo efreuwstances sufficient to excite reason: to furnish his procfs the committee ought not not to refrain from the expression of their condemuation of the deliberate act of a public f metionary in tradueing the oficial a« wo'l as personal character of a weber of the House of resentatives of the United States by the publication of a libel which he was so {lly prepared to sustain” In- dignities offered to the character or proceedings of the National Leg islature by libelous assaults buve been resented and punished both in Fugland and the United States, as bresctes of priviege: and such assaults upon the official character of wenibers have been held pun. 1ehable as indignities committed againat the House itself The reason for this rests upon the sume grouad as that which Jastities the exer cise of 8 pl llar authority to punish for attempts by parsoual violence, privileged questions, and bad been wiways entertained by the Speaker when there was no other business before the House, Mr, Trier suggested sarcastically that it would be wel} to provide iu the resolution that if the President of the Sgnate and the Speaker of the House disagreed as to whether thoy should reconvene Congress, there should be some umpire to deeide between them, The SPEAKER remarked that by the terms of the resolation the recess could not be termivated and Congress again eon- vered unless the presiding officers of both Houses agreed to it. Ar. FINCK moved to lay the resolution on the table, Mr, Steviss withdrew the resolution, saying he would offer it agaly W- morrow. The SPEAKER, a fow minutes afterward, stated to the House that the resolution offered by Mr. Btevens, conferring power ou the preeiding oflicers of the two Houses to call Con: ress togetier, ho had not seen of known anything of until i} was read at the Clerk’s desk; that he was still of the sume opinion, which be bad expressec, as to its a priviieged question ax it related to affoarnment, while its a Ao would depend on the House—but that the subject being so delicate as conferring additional powers. which wight prove to be of great coussquesce, ne would, if tae subject should be presented to-morrow, submit the question to the House as the rnles au. thorized him to do, and let the House itself decide on the question of privilege 150. Ho presawed that would mensees or bribes, to {ufluence the conduct of wmewbers in theis oiticial capacity, Vane “8m Ee doom {t proper most earnestly fo protest agatnst the practice wuich has obtained to some extent of causing. letters from persans not piembers of the Louse to beread sas part of a personal explanation in Cipr Sh sotlveh of bars are critich nd y conduct censured, an are col'ed to suswer for spoken debate, Such stiacks pm pe A in the House itself os ubkished in its proceedings, and scattered broadcast to the w fhe expense of the Government, in the opinio are an fproper cheok of the freedom o privileges and en infraction of the diguity of the mittee bli fuk the eousiderstion of the House the folowing reso. recommend 1 luthons, an their H Kesolved, Toat wil the stitements contained in the letter of Gen, James B, Fey to the Mayu. James (5. Blaise, 8 nomber of this House, bear ng date the 2Tur of April A. D. 1856, and which was read in this House on pe JUth of April A.D. 1466, in so far as such statements fmputed to the Hon. Roscoe Conkling, s member of this House, any erizuinnly 1begal, nupatriotic, or otherwise Lmproper act or mo- tives, cither 8s to the matter of Lis procuring himself to be employed by the Government of the United States in the prose ution of wiltary off mses Bi the Siule of New-York, iu the mausgement of prose: eutions, in tak compensation tleralon, or on any other charge, are wholly without foundstion in tifith: sed fortheir publication there wee, in the Judgment of this House, no ficts connected with said prosecution furnishing either a palliation or an excuse. aid Wentworth voting in the negative, The latter stated that be concurred in fully exonerating Mr. Conkhng. A QUESTION OF PRIVILEGE ASEED AND DENIFD, Mr. Davis offered, as a Jukstive of privilege, a resolution instructing the Judiciary Committee to report whetber any breach of the privileges of the House had been committed in counection with the writing or sending of Gen. Fry's letter, or the introduction thereof. or caasing it to be read in the House or entered upon the records of the House; and if so, by whom; aud what action should be taken, The SPEAKER submitted the question to the ITouse whether the resolution should be received as a question of privilege, and the House decided that it should not be, THE CONSULAR AND DIPLOMATIC AFFVROPRIATION BILL. Mr. SPALDING, from the Conference Committee ¢n the Coupsular and Diplomatic Appropriation bill, made a report, which was agreed to, Dg A recedes from its disagree- ment to the appointment of a Second Assistant Secretary of State, whose salary is fixed at 83,500, The Senate agrees to tue House amendment abolishing the office of Minister dent to Portugal with an 3 Stuty shall a Mr. RAYMOND inquired the reason of this amenZment. Mr. SPALDING replied that the Committee was unanimous in recommending it. because they considered the present ineum- bent of that office entirely unworthy of the contidence of the Government, EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS DISPOSED OF, The House disposed of Executive communicatious as fol lows: The message from the President transmitting str’ heuts of cons fees received: read and referred of. Committee on Foregn Affairs. The message “os dent travsmitting report aud documents from “08 A State, relative to proposed iuternational ue Secretary of ngetion With the Paris Universal Expr. <40r Soents in oon the system of coinage, wee’ 9.3 Rion 4d Jou the Toferrad to the Committee on Coir ge “(Goirhte and Measures. 1NDIAY AFFAIS IN DAKOTAH. A letter from the Secretary of the Interior in answer to the House petolution of Bos 22 1806, in relation to the conduet of ndian affairs in Dakotab Territory, was ow: mittee on Indian Affairs, 3 Aeterzad vo the ow y The Ri RETRENCHMENT COMMITTEE APPOINTED, SPEAKER announced to the H th Joint Cowmitiee on Ketrenchment, vis wehbe) ae Schenck, Jenckes, Randall (Ps), and John I. Thowas. THE TENNESSEE A Mr. DiNguaM called up the motion to reconsider the vote by Which the joint resolution concerning the State of Tennessee as 7 be Sth of Maro referred to the Committee on Recos- ction, [Nore.~This action w reached the House that Sy ken, 40 Sepruat of butsiigysce havisy Constisational Amendment, it being the purpose of Mr. Binghem amen join i A amend J 5 A by Fr for the agit FILLIBUSTERING MOTIONS. WC STEVENS moved to lay the motion to reconsider on the 3 moved to adjourn, which was lost—Yeas, 59; ays, 3, ‘Tbe vote was then taken on the motion to lay the motion te on the table, aud it was lost by 8 vote of 31 A against 91 Nays, ir. Xt moved to adjourn, OHNSON insinuated that the dispate h about Tennessee was not Comm] Jue ar vais ol Ja Beows w's handwriting, for rr? ut be now vi Noe The SPEAKER said that the motien to reconsider would come up first to-morrow after readi journal, members baving hic uce Mr. ELDRIDGE declared wonld object out of order until the Jhat be i (Laugier Se 2 Bupa was ad. ouse refused to adjourn 49 to 71, The House seconded the previous question reconsider acd 401 th Hokies fo ALOU wad Buds 454 e Om all these the Democrats tbe Republicans by ar Stam au span he Bloreny’ 08! time an caucus war amendment to be offered. votes wing; and dur: go i m Deine bed to ef the ent Wain question was 34; whieh wos, W A the joint resol Mubidi, Bowe o ae Tits wi u Tecomniiied to the Committee up A COMPROMISE PROPOSED. ted that Le would offer an Mr. BINGHAM sugges amendment for the joiut resolubion, aud let it be printed and come up to- oi. WARD inquired whether he would insist on a vote to r. Bixcmam replied that he would not if bis Gh to, bat OLberXise he would force the males od r. STEVENS proposed ironically, that the House w roaition, aud poems to the geatieman iy thisire Mr. Price, resolutely, Not much! [Laughter. "aos Mr, JOHNSON, pene to the ter.) members around Mr. Bingham’s desk. inquired ar heties that preamble had been sufficient) S3EMF oattd Sout the majority. fon of the a at wyin. r. ELDRIDGE encouraged Mr. stating that the members on bier(ibe hon bo rig ri) Hose #loud by aa in priociple (meat sod ugiog, bins Er nay mimes ba i divi Ves gv Mr. Arusoy moved that (be adjourn; 'w tone Xeon, 43; Nah, 3. vol ‘I'he vote recom ug the Joint resolation was then recon sidered— Yeas, w Nays 27. SUBSIITUTE A Wo id wigs pi the aD util RAR e w a ute for the $i Whereas, Toe State SR ee faith vatifud the Amendment to the Coositution of the United States, bok, 1 h show oa A by Da dich heetn the body 5° har people her retulu fo PA Ho to the Government,, laws sud sushority of the United States; fore, be it wea Resolved, &e., That the State of Tennessee fs fs bendy be To to her former proper J eetient relations to fagiere pzuine to be ted tors and Representatives in LS upon their taking the eeitis of nares, elected and office wn duly oh the existing laws. wo Mr. BINGHAM moO previous question, a Ek 4 HATH Tagan then ad o'clock tbe House pads d CRBC ATT Ls the Senate repart, as pullished yesterday oad nr. gry was FHgrg the to strike out the wo prescribe” Io The The next swendment proposed by Mr. Sharman was Lo strike on! te w the first and second a of the bill above quoted, which wa tal a ——————_ Br TAAL The foregoing sentence seems to have been a itted by th report far the x omitted by the copyist in the the morning papers, though it was Aik ven inthe condensed report lo the evening journals of ueiied pu The lightuin on Wednesday played in New-Haven, Thomas Church and seve wore or lvaw injured Kesolved, That Gen, Fry, an officer of the Goverument of the United States sud bead of one of its military hareays. lu wilting and publish ings were struck, sud

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T J DART 101 nm COMMENCEMENT EXERCISES YESTERDAY, an cI TH COLLEGE. Interesting Speech of Gen. Sherman. rr I His Own Reminiscences of an Eventful Life, quired them to malotain the position they had taken; he Bh Alumni Dioner. rr I fAp=clal Dispateh to The N. Y. Tribune. HaNovER, N. H,, Thursday, July 12, 1260 The Commencement of Dartmouth Colloge took place to-day. Major-Gen. Sherman, Chief-Justice Chase, Gor. Smith of New-Hawpshire, Senator Patterson, Mayor Lin- coln of Boston, and a large number of other distinguished guests were present, together with an immense audience. I'he graduating class numbered 42, and the orations all indicated a high order of ability in the speakers. Among tLe degrees conferred was that of Doctor of Laws (LL. D.) upon Gen. Sherman, President Smith of the College, in a tow happy remarks conferring it, ealled upon the General tor a speech. On stepping forward to complr, Gen. Sher- SPEECH OF GEN. SHERMAN, (len. Sherman said: Lavies AND GENTLEMEN: It is baroad my power or the power of any living creature to fill one-half the picture your worthy President has just pai td. Tam afraid you are doing what was done in tae early part of the war, elevating men far Do D.<The Revs, Geo, F, Wisewell, Wilmington, Del wo their ability and leting them down preity hard. Laughter and ap lau.e.] Nevertheless, as iu former parts of my iife 1 will try and discharge the duty assigned to me humbly aud te the best of my ability, and turn with pleasure to the men to whom we have been listening with so much de- light. The array of ladies and geatlemen before us, of moth 5, fathers, sist rs aid brothers, attest the interest that is felt in you and the Lopes they eatertain of you, now that you are about leaving your teichers, who have been filled by former experiences, by the study of books, and by association other men, to iup rt knowledge to you that will fit you for the life before you. Unfortunately for me, 1 was not 86 favore as yon have been, and I regret it now and sall regret it to the en of time. I was compelled to pick up what little knowledge I possess by graspiag it, as it were, tirongh brambles, and I so netir es had my hand pretty sharp ly pricked; too. You bave bad those around you who have gladly told you everything you desired to know, whose minds ware weil stored with the ric) est learving of the past. And now, young men, you musi look out for yoursclves. [Ap- Your ship is about to sail on an anknown sea. Yon your charts and your compas; so» that you steer your coarse properly, that you waich your compass, and do not al w your wiuds to be turned aside by the scuddiag of the sea or the winds across voar sails, but follow your compass, and vou will jast as sarely arrive at yoor destination as honesty will produce a good map, [Applause]. My voang friends, I remember that 26 ye urs ago Istool as yon now stand, about to go forth to do whatever might fall to my share, and I now fiad piyself here in the presence of men who were graduates of this College before I was born, It appeirs to me almost like saoriloge for me to stand np in their presence and attempt to give advice or instruction, and I'would not presume to say one word had not your honored President asked me to do it; prob ably for some reason mnknown tome. [Applause.] When I graduated, 1 was told, in plaia Eoglish—not in Latin— {ianghter| that I bad finshed, ard was qualified in patural philosophy, chemistry, mathematics, aid 80 forth. Te pr J that I was so qualified, I was sent down to Fiorida to catoh Yadians. I did not see the logic of it tuen, nor do I now; bat 1 bad to go. I went from place to place in that country, and, finally, I brought up in Charleston; and whether I had a foresight of what was coming, if that could be, or whether it was by the directing band of Providence, who rules all things, 1 oarjainly was a wantierer in those days, and hunted through the marshes of tue Santee, the Edisto and the Savannah liivers, obtaining knowledge which has since been of valua to {bo pation. [Cheers.) Again, by what seemed a Provideatial accident, T was sent to take testimony about some lost saddles aud bridles—value, nothing; but nevertheless those lost saddles and bridles took me into a region of coantry, the knowledge of which afterward proved to be of the greatest importance to the people of New-Hampshire and the whole Civilized world, 1 went to Marietta aid Chattanooga and stayed six weeks, and in that short time gained knowledge which has since, I think, repaid the mileage paid me at 10 cants per mile. [Applause.] Skortly afterward, just about 20 years ago, I renember sitting with many young officers— Braxton Bragg was one—at the dining table of the Hon. James Pottigrew. 1 believe the best Union man present will not doubt the loyalty of Mr. Pettigrew? for he was loyal in 1831, He was the only loyal intelligent man ia Charleston during the Rebellion, and |e is loyal now. Mr. Pettigrew listened to our complaints that our future looked poor, and that the only promise held out to us was a brevet wajor commission and com- mand of some littie post on the New-England coast. He told us. “rentiemen, do not be alarmed; there is Providence guides tis world, and you young men will yet hive to await as op- portunity to put your talents to use.” His language gave us encouragement. The Mexican war soon broke out, and I was sent to California, whers in my wanderings Isaw the first pisces of gold discovered, and watched its magical effect upon the whole world. The discovery of that gold gave millions to America, and I doubt much whether, if that gold had not been discovered, the nation would have managed to work out the problem of finance which the war of Rebellion had raised. and preserved its present glorious position. That gold gave as wealth and credit abroad, and a strength and durability which survived the war, After some years I again wont South, aud all at once I paused to see and feel in the vers air that we were upon the verge of a sectional war. I had heard it spoken of in Charleston. We had laaghed and joked over it at the mess table. 1 had beard it diseussed by politicians; I had heard Gen. Scott say we were upon the eve of war; bat my mind never realized it until the #,riag or Summer of 1860, when I was in New Orleans and Baton Rouge. Then, for the first time, I saw that it was not all talk. That ory of wolf, wolt, meant something. and that civil war was upon us sure enough; and what has been the is- sue? You all know it has been a short war to the world at large, but long enough to us daring those dark days which formed the early part of it. I will not review it. Let history take charge of it. All I will say is that in that war arose men, 03¢ by one, equal to the emergency. until the war closed and the nation was saved. [Applause.] And now, yonug gentle. mes, I ask you to look ai these men sud your future. They are like yourselves, Look at Gen. Graut, a wodest, plain, bold, brave, unchanging gentleman, with the simple idea to do what is right, and voting will turn him aside from that. A more modest man than George Thomas exists not on earth. If be were present, you could not begin to get him to stand up here and Phil. Sheridan would infinitely rather, with saber in hand, ride down the Rebel line than enter this room and stand in my place. [Cheers.] Gou. Meade is an accomplished gontleman and seholar, and would fill this place far better than IL [Cheers.] Thus you see that during the war men have risen to the highest positions, aud stand there now, Bot oue of whom pretends to be above you; and this teaches the simple lesson that with honesty of purpose you can master every problem if you go at it with a geod purpose and determination to do s0. There is no doubt of that, iv my judgment. It requires, of course, 8 great intellect to b a renowned judge or lawyer or man of science, bat for a man of business for the thousand and ene employments that give toue and tamper to the conntry, any yoiug mau, with a good, houest heart.can master them. For the art of war, in which renown seems thrust upon us, all that is required is nerve, honor, courage and faith in the flag that wins and wins always. I will net occapy more of your time, for I have seen ladive and gentlemen standing here for five long hours, patiently, and you must be tired. 1kuow you will say amen to the words I Lavespoken fo these young men and give them a parting aud cheerful word as they leave your little village of Hanover and start oat into that world, which is uot so dark and fall of bad people as bas been represented. There are a great many good people in the world. You will find them wherever you go, and you will find people alike wherever you go. for they are all pretty much as God Almighty designed them. Tuerefore, young gentlemen, wishing you a happy passage through the sea of life, 1 bid you farewell, [Cheers.) The commencement exercises terminated with a prayer from the Rev. Dr. McConch of Queen's College, Belfast, Ireland. SPEECH OF CHIEP-JUSTICE CHASE AT THE ALUMNI DINNER. The Alumni dinner was held at Dartmouth Hotel, and wos presided over by Chief-Justice Chase. When the cloth was removed be said: We meet under auspicious circumstances. The heaveus smile benignantly upon us, and the day sppears to be made ex- prossly for our gratification, Our country, if not absolutely at peace, is yet approaching peace, and that we hope rapidly, and we trust that time is not far distant when all the States will again be gathered sround the common table of Uncle Sam to partake of his richest bounties [cheers], partaking of them under the old Stars and Stripes, which now float, thanks to with VALSS Lav our brave Generals, over the length and breadth of the land, dallyiug with every breeze under the whole heaves. (Cleers n was received with the wildest expressions of delight. 1 Marvard College €ommencement

a NEW-YORK DAILY TRIBUNE, FRIDAY, JULY 20, 1566. Hampshire, who eulogized ves College, after which Gen. Sherman was called upon by the Obhjef Justice. GEN, SHELKMAN'S SPEECH. The General said he believed in gatherings for severa' pur- poses, especially around a dinner table. He thought that Con. gress would do a great deal better if the members would take a hearty dinner together once a woek, Ife had askad his frioud the Chief Justice whether he believed any member had aver changed his vote on any material question by reason of any debate, and he had answered No.” Congress debated a great dea, and talked a great deal, but it was ‘all for the ear 0! tue public. and made no impression on those present. When men met together severally and exchanged views, they were wore likely to agree than wheo in public with reporters and Listeners around them, On such ocousions consistency ro- therefore held that there was too much pablis apeaking in the ew. In conclusion, Gen. Sherman spoke of the pleasure his visited afforded Lim, of his meeting old friends, and talk- ing with them of those near and dear to them who had boen in the war. He named several who had particularly distinguished themselves, and these reminiscences gave great pleasure to his audience, The gikev. Dr. McCosh followed in an eloquent appeal for unity between England and America, and was followed by Mayor Lincoln and others. Some 400 guests enjoyed the entertainment. et Hamilten College ment, A Unies, Thursday, July 19. 1806. The Commencement of Haulton College took place to-day. The weather was delightful, and the attendance, 8s usual, was large. The Rev. Dr. Fisher to-day closed his connection with the College, and made a very felici- tous valedictory, after which resolutions highly compli- mentary to the reverend gentleman were read on behalf of the Trustees and Faculty of the ingtitution. The graduating class numbered 31, and their oratori- cal efforts reflected great eredit upon themselves as well as upon the Rev. Anson T. Upson, their distinguished Professsor of Elocution, Mr. Samuel Darwin Wileox of Noapoli, was the valedictorian of the cluss, The following honorary degrees were conferred: Robert Terrier Burns, St. Catharine's, C. W.; Charles 8. Robinson, Brooklyn, N. Y. Doctor of Laws—The Hon. David L. Seymour, Troy, N. Y.; the Hou. John Dean Caton, Ottawa, 11. Doctor of Plilosophy—Dr. Horace Lathrop, Cooperstown, N. Y.; Prof. Martin Luther Stoever, Gettysburg, Pa. Master of Arts—Johmn M. Rountree, Chicago, Ml; Isaac B. Poucher, Oswego, N. Y.; Albert JM. Hustis, Albany, N. Y. ——_- Exercises. BostoN, Wednesday, July 18, 1266, The annual Commencement at Harvard College to-day tracted quite a large number of visitors, notwithstanding the oppressive hot weather. Gov. Bullock and staff were escorted by the Lancers from the State House to Came bridge, where his Excellency was geceived by President Hill. The exercises of the graduating class are spoken of as fully equal to preceding exhibitions. At the close of t the exercises honorary degrees were conferred as follows: Master of §ris—Nathaniel Thayer, Samuel Hooper, John Wilson, Aggastus Woodbury. Doctor of Laws—Alexan- der H. Bullock, Wm. B, Rogers, Ralph Waldo Emerson, RR. H. Dana, jr. tl Henseelner Polytechnic Enstitute, The annual Commencement of this Institute was held at Troy, N. Y., ou the 3d inst., the event being witnessed bv a full attendance of (he most intelligent character. There Nee 17 candidates for the degree of Civil Engiueer, as loi ows Alexander Addfson, Pittsburgh. Pa.; Walter C. Childs, Pittsborgh, I 8. Charles C. Craft, Pittsburgh, Pa Theodore N. Ely, Wateriown, N. Y.: Herbert C. Felton, Troy, N.Y.: John Q.A. Ford, Kennebunk 4 Wm. P. Harris, Brooklyn, N.Y. George M. Hunt, N. Argyle N. Thomas L. Knav, Ogdensburg, N. Y.; Benjamin M. Lilienthal New-York City: Albon P. Man, jr.. A. B., New-York City Julien 8, Ogden, New York City; Charles P. Perkme, A B.. Philadelphia, Pa; Jose oh C, Platt, jr.. Scranton, Pe; Charles W. Rae, Champlain. N. obn 8. Schaeffer, Stillwater, N. J.; Holland N. Stevenson Cam bridge, N. Y.; Frauk N. Trevor, Lockport, N. Y.; William 11. Wiley Orange, N. J y oration was made by Mr, Joseph C. Platt, jr, of Scran- y 20 The diplomas were presented to the graduates by the President, the Hou John F. Winslow, who afierword deliv: e2¢d the address, whigh was marked by appropriateness to the oconsloB, Figof of style. and eloquence. His remarks on the death of Slavery, and the necessity and dignity of work—work directed and governed by intellect aud science—were received with deserved applause, On the termination of the usual services, before pronouncing the benadiction, Dr. Kennedy announced that on that evening there had been meeting of the Trustees, to which the Presi. dent was not summoned, for the purpose of christening the new building adjoining the Iustitute, and the following resolu- tion had been adopted: “That the Chemical Laboratory connectad with the Kens e'ser Polytechnic lnstitnte of Troy be natued sud thet it shall be known a the Winslow Laboratory.'’ MEXICO, a_i] OCCUPATION OF HUACHINANGO BY THE LIBERALS—LET- TERS OF NATURALIZATION—THE LIBERALS BSUP- PLIED WITH ARMS AND POWDER FROM THE UNITED STATES—=SUSPENSION OF WORK ON THE RAILROAD FROM VERA CRUZ TO MEXICO—MONTERRY AND ED PALL OF TAMPICO==THE EMPRESS GOING TO EUROPE. Havaxa. Satarday, July 14, 1966, We have news from Mexico by the steamer Paris, arrived on Thursday, and the Manbattan, arrived yesterday, both from Vera Cruz. Huachinango is oecupicd Dy a fAveral force. Maximilian had decreed that letters of naturaliza- tion should be granted to all foreigucrs who should legally prove themselves to be possess d of any trade, profession, or honest livelihood: or who had been in the service of the empire in auy employ, who should be considered as Mexicans, and enjoy the same rights and he amenable to the same laws; but on ne account should naturalization papers be given to the citizens of a country at war with Mexico. Maximilian had recalled the Imperial Consul at Liver wl for having disobeyed the orders of his legation. The Periodico Oficial, from Zacatecas, gives the follow- ing items: Colotlan had been abanboned by the Liberals. The Liberal Chief Martinez attacked Wiess in Sonora on the 13th of Mav, but was repulsed. At last accounts Martinez, with his commond, was in the neighborhood of Guavmas. Garcia Morales was at the North Amenean line, receiving arms and powder. Tt was also said to be known that Corona received at Altata six picecs of artil- lery, which came from San Frauclseo, Cal. The Iris of Tampico apmounces the arrival of the French iron-clad gunboat sent from Vera Cruz to the aid of the naval forces there at Tampico. Tramaltipau had been abandoned by the inhabitants on becoming aware of the approach of the Liberals from bierra. According to the Ere Nouvelle the suspension of the work on the line from Vera Cruz to Mexico had been known for some time, but it was expected would be o short duration. Forbes, Barron Co., the Company's bankers and representatives of the Tmperial Railroad Cou- pany, had refused to poy the checks drawn on them by the agents in charge of the works. A large deficit appears to be the reason for this resolution, which produced a lively sensation in the city. The Government h system of mutual exchuuge on (the postal money order system approved the estimates for the the Treasury, the amount of w 563 5-100, Letters from Monterey describe the part of the country in very dark colors— tier is full of Liberals, who, if they do not constitute un army, at least number one.” The Estafette, on the situation of Tampico, says that considerable forces of the enemy bad collected before that city, and grave fears arc entertained for its safety. The Sociedad veports that Mejia bad gone to take charge of the defense of the city. Toluca Lad again been invaded by the Liberals under po ad approved the law establishing a the Post-Office Depuliuical 1 suppose), and ad also Departments of War and hich reached $14,084, ituntion of that les, i to the departure of the Manhattan from Vera Cruz a dispatch had been received from Mexico, to the effect that it had been announced in the nario del Im- perio that the Empress would leave that city on the 8th to take tho French steawer, from Vera Cruz on the 13th, for Europe. The Diaro says the object of Ler journey is to attend to international affairs. It was also rumored that Tampico the Liberals, which was very likely, previous accounts fromm that city. had been taken by taking in view the CURA. BE OF A STRICT QUARANTINE AT ESTABLISHMENT M THE ROYAL GOVERN: MAVANA—REVENUE FRO MENT LOTTERY. TIAVANA, July 14, 1866. A steamer arrived yesterday from Porto Rico with dates to the 30th. Sales of sugar at $3 75243 87}, and $125 for refined. Molasses, Uc. The most important news in Havana is that the Board of Health of the city has determined to establish a strict uarantine of five days npon all vessels arnving from the Vrited States—even those vessels provided with clear bills of health will be quarantined for three days, while in ease of sickness aboard the quarantine will be for an in- definite length of time. The revenue from the Royal Govern the last year has been, in round numbers, Director Rozo has resigue pointed in his place. From the “Havana Weekly Report,” July 14. it appears nent Lottery for $2,477,700. “The the Board of Health is now subjecting all vessels from 1o- fected ports to quarantine; three days for those bearing a clean bill of health, five days for those having a defect- ive bill of health, and a pass to the quarantine ground at Moriel for those having had any deaths or disease on board during the voyage The British brig Alice at this port yesterday from Ne antine in accordance with the above regulations, ber of days not stated as yet, Exchange on the United States 26 to 27, to compare with 23 in 1865. Tug Writ or Hapgeas CORPUS AT THE SOUTH.~ Iu the United States District Court on the 16th inst. at Char- leston, 8. C., Judge Bryan rendered ajdecision to the effect that the Rebellion being at an end, the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus suspended by the proclamation of President Lincoln, dated September 15, 1863, is restored and martial Franklin, Brown master, arrived w-York, was placed in quar- the uuw- Judge Chase then introduced Gov, Smith of New- law is no longer fa force. d, and Echevarria has been ap- country and that our social and frieod!y gatherings wore too Chief-Justice Chase's Address at the i THE PRESIDENT’S POLICY. LL len Ship A Criticism of It hy One of His Provisional Governors, ais Si Be Speech of the Hon, Andrew J. Eiamilton, Special Dispatch to The N.Y. Tribuue. WastNGToN, Thursday, Jaly 19, 1806. The Loyal Leagne of Washington were addressed to-night, ai the Fair Bulldisg, by Gov. Hamiiton and Gen. Logan. The building was occupied by several thousand peo: ple, at least a fourth of whom were ladies, The enthusiasm was very great, avd every allusion to the President or Con: gress was received by the crowd in demonstrations of dis respect of the former and appreciation of the latter, Gen, Selienck was chosen Chairman, end baving briefly eulogized the soldiers aud sailors iu their efforts for our country, and landed the grand results achieved through the Loyal Leagues in encouraging to a successful ending the late Rebellion, iutrodnced Gov. Hamilton of Texas, who in sub- stance spoke as follows: GOV. HAMILTON'S ADDRESS, If some years hence any of us shall remember the late struggle, tear aside the veil of the past and look back upon this occasion when we met to coofer what was to be done with traitors, we shall wonder that we ever had any mis- authority to decide alone what was necessary; but I held that government” is a lle. TAMPICO THREATENED BY THE LIBERALS~RUMOR- the rejected; aud “that the fron. Congress GEN. GHANT'S ORDER—GEN. SHERIDAN=—CONFEDERATE givings as to the results of the Rebellion, and that there had been those who lad doubted that its props and iufln- ences of the past would Lave to give way. Four years of war, auxiety and suffering seem not to have brought the people of this country to the conclusion that all the points of the con- troverty had been settled, bdlavery, which we admitted as a legal institution, is no more. Bat let us not suppose we can stop where we are, and believe it doos not exist, The Consti- tutions] Amesdment you revert to the South and throw us back upon that doctrinized idea of States Rights which we had thought a question settled, o hear it now opposed that the Government shall surround and protect the American citizen. The members POLITICAL. aei——— [By Telegraph.) KANSAS, Special Dispaten to 1ue X,Y, Tribune Leavexworrn, Kansas, Thursday, July 19, i866. An immense mass meeting is being held here to- night, indorsing Congress and a Radical policy, and for the purpose of weeding cut My Policy men and Copperheads. Your thousand people are present. The Federal officials did vot sign the call. There is au immense excitement, yet the utmost harmony prevails. The Copperheads bave called a meeting to elect delegates to the Philadelphia Convention. Gor. Crawford, it is reported, will uot appoint a successor to the late Gen. Lane, and if he does, John Speer, editor of The Lowvence Tribune and the United States Collector for the Dis trict of Kansas, will receive the appointment, JOHNSON CONVENTION AT INDIANAPOLIS. IxpraxAPoL1s, July 19.—The Johnson National Union Convention at this city to-day was very thioly attended, the nrtnal number of delegates not exceeding 125. Three Con- gressonal Districts were uarepresented. None of the speakers invited from abroad were present; only those who supported Linedn and Johnson in 1864 and now support the Johnson restomtion policy were allowed to participate. Gen. Sol. Mere. dith presided. Delegates to the Philadelphia Convention were appointed, A series of resolutions were adopted. The first expresses ardent attachment to the Union of the States under the Constitution; devies the right of secession; holds «ll attempts null apd void; declares all States now States in this Union as before the Rebellion; denies the power of the Gonersl Government to exclude a State from the Union or govern it as a territory. The second declares confidence in Prosident Johnson undi- minishal; approves the general policy of his Administration; ir dorses his restoration policy as wise, patriotic, constitution: ol in harmony with the loyal sentiments and purposes of the people ia the suppression of the Rebellion, with tie platform on which he was elected, and with the declared policy of the lute President, The third, under eonstitutional right, preseribes the quailf. cations of electors reserved to States, and it would be subver- sive of the principles of our Government for Congress to force universal suffrage upon any part of the country in opposition to the wishes of the citizens thereof, Fourth: All States are entitled by the Constitation to repre. of Congress representing the loyal sentiments of the people of the country have smd it is not enough that simple protection he cusranteed, but it is best that the Executive give the Southern people a chance to decide whether the late rebellious States are loyal or not. 1 was oue sent South to invite the people back Lo Joyaky, 1 did not think the Executive bad the Congress had the power to determine what was essential to be a republican form of government, It was giving an opportunity to allow the people the chance to illustrate which of the lessons of the past they properls appreciated. The Executive is but the servant of the law-making people, He has no more power to say what shall be done than youor I. [Applanse.] Where was derived the power to de- cide by any one man what was necessary to return thes, States: It is not at all with the Execative, but with the pot litical department of the shall be done with any wnether native or foreign, this Government has so little power over local enemies, while over foreign it is Cespotic. It seems to Ve an idea that our Government has less power than other Governments, Itis a mistake; we have as much, if not more, but the idea 18 to lo- cate where these differences are, 1 was directed to perform t Le duties of Governor, for the reason they bad overthrown Government to say what enemy of the Government T wonder why it is tha their laws. Texas was not in a corporate capacity; aud so they told the Texans, however much they migot refuse, the Government had the right to take all thew property under any circumstance when it could be turned to the account of the enewny., The slaves of the South could not league themseives with either side, but we Koow they were in sympathy with us. When the war ended, the Provisional Governors were directed to go aud call Conventions of citi- zens, but the negroes were eitizens when the war ended, and vet were not recognized. I rejoice that the Civil Rights bil did pass, though I comend that the negro was a cit: zeuw. Me was wiling to fight, to die, to stand by his country. Whenee came the power of the President to state that any one class of citizens known to have been loyal should have Bo kept out of their rights and privileges, while Lebels were cordially admitted Bat we never shall go through this trouble witlout going back. We shall have to get bravely over the feeling of negro worshipers—negro lovers, The hackueyed phrase that this is *‘a white man's It's a free man's government, for those of every clime and hue who would offer their Lives inits be- half. Ifit be a white man's government, why is the black man of Now-York emsjoying tue eleetive franchise, sabject to taxation, draft, and public responsibilities What is het It may not be your taste to be bis equal” Are vou willing to take the start and run the race with blu and be bis superior? If you were to attempt to drive them from von you would starve to death. It was a problem whether they would work, bat that bad been settied, and in the Soath it was a matter of dispute whether the white man would work or not. Some months ago the Boutherners were asking what will you do with us. Let us remais bere Do not drive us off. They pleaded for bare existence, I assured them the Govern ment would protect and aid them, but they must take the oath. Well, after they took the oath and found po- body was bart, nor in any way interfered with, and that the courts were doing nothing; and in seizing property they were getting perdons; and from abject humility they strode to the coolest arrogance, and were asking what it were best to ae cept. They pelaim the Radicals worse than Abalitiondsts, and declared Andy just the map, for he is going to pot bia foot upon the neck of them d—d Yankees. Down with the Radicals! Te will t us.” And Johnson, instead of putting the Governmept upon the rock of eternal justice to all, is returning it lack to these treason plotters of past and national haters ef the present. The President claims himself as the judge of the character of the new Goy- ernments, and in this arose all oar evil. Covgress is the power derived direct from the people, but the President is only the Executive I enyy not the man who coold reader such a verdict as has Mr. Johmson, Let the wha spa ta mest in the aplendid Paw ebion wi 'y prodis gnls, covered ull over with bread and butter, rolic with thelr feast. Trey propose, If they succe Jd Ww pay the debt of the Government, provided the South is allowed a due portion to pay her debt. Randell, as clever a man as ever cut 4 throat or scuttled a ship, is in charge of the crew. He 18 to settle that little debt you know contracted by the family trouble. Of course the orphaus North are to be taken i care of, but those of the Bouth shall not be neglected. A putaal benefit is less expense, Tuose who lost thelr all in the dear Confederacy must have Government patronage to Te pain their feet, Toor Jeff. Davis, his mighty wind and micliect should not be lost to the States, and, of course, he would not be punished more than sn} of us What has he done thad's a erime Expe! that Yankee Con: gress with buvonets, and teko us back into our seats, We never wept out of the Lpjon. That's the programme. 1 read something on the 22d of February, about somebody saving aroand this city that the Constitution had been stuck in a pigeon hole; when I came nto office, I took it out, and have undertaken to carry out the letter of that document. ud that jucoberent man purpose to libel a wartyred President in the imputation be Lad not been guided by that instrament’ God forbid t There as not Christian in toe land but ques. tions tue taking off of our beloved Lincoln. Did this wiseacre of Inst Febroary find In his reading of tint interest ing paver that if a rebellion had broken out and lasted four years. and {he Government was successful, he sbouid, by virtue of his ollie as Commander iu pief of the army, decide who should be the citizens We look to Congress— have deliberated matter, and althougn have been impatient, am content with their patriotism, ability and cool judgment, believing to be such as vo otber Congress can Iny clots to. All they have done am content with what they have proposed ia good. Three-fifths of the slaves of the South now remain free and to refuse them countenauce as cit izens is an outrage. Lhey count him as not worthy to be con. sidered In the selection of Legislators, But when they come to Congressional Districts he must be counted. as the force must be kept sufficiently large bere iu Wosniomion to tight Yankees. As Provisional Governor of Texas 1 was willing t the Legislature should allow blacks to vote under pIojerty and educational restrictions, but even that Was scouts and Low now ere you to determine thal a black shall be proscribed 1. We are Pharisees, holding up cur hand We are holier than thon,” Bat the negro ie free; can buy a home, own a house, raise a family; h sittough may sneer at bis being invited to a white man's Louse, Le wii bave the high privilege of iuviting to or refusing him his. Whether will do its whole daty or wot, 1 cannot tell. A sense of public danger is siroad. It strange is it not Twelve mouths ago when the war ended all was security, Dut we now are constantly being advised that such and such tends to a revolution. Don’t you discern the old days of the Drod Scott decision t It is the duty of men upon the watch tower to remain here and never leave thelr place. [Applanse.] 1 wonld feel easier of this Congress would remain here when a minority can bring on a revolution, The price of liberty is eternal vigilance. With the rights and interests of her citizens all protected, we will leave the canse this

in the care aud keeping of He who watches over all, and we will catch ‘ia the future a grand country, the land of the free and home of the brave SAVANNA a ARRIVAL OF RE-ENFORCEMENTS FOR THE SEVENTH REGULA KS--TWENTY-51X CASES OF CHOLERA AMONG THEM. SAavaNNAl, Tharsday, July 19, 1866. The steamer San Salvador arrived at quarantine yester- day, with 500 recruits for the 7th Regulars. ‘There were 0% cases of eholers among them, and three deaths during the voyage. Ome death occurred after arriving at Tybee bar. and one or two after the troops were landed at Tybee Island. There the steamer will be kept in quaranti The troops are all comfortable on shore is subsiding. is no sickness among the cabin passengers, but ne for 15 days. and the sickness Major Croft, commanding the post; Surgeon Schell, City Health Officer McFarland and Capt. J. B. Hardee, agent, Lave made every arrangement for the comfort and safety of the passengers and troops. ——_— LOUISIANA. eel MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS. New Ortzaxs. Wednesday, Julv 18 1864, Cotton unchanged; sales, 100 bales. Sterling Exchange, 64: New-York Exchange, premium. Gen. Baird Las issued an order in accordance with Gen. Grant s order, for arrests only upon proper aflidavits, and advises that actual arrests be deferred till properly in- vestigated, unless there is manifest danger of escape. Gen. Sheridan has been compelied to leave Lis present quarters and seek others near ackson-square, Gen. Sheridan has issued an order prohibiting the organi- zation of Confederate batteries, brigades, &ec., for any pur- pose whatever, A New Candidate for the Cabines, BarriMoRe, Thursday, July 19, 1866, C. L. Vallandigham, the Hon. J. D. Bright passed through this cit fast the The Hon. and the Hon. C. J. Faulkner evening en route to Washington for an interview wit President. A gentleman who traveled with them says State Convention held a meeting at the Parker House to-day, at which a resclation wes adopted recommending the the union and restoration of the States and the supremacy of many ladies, "livery be was frequently greeted with vociferous applause. "or patronage of Unieal sentation, and al! loyal! members duly elected should be ad- mitted into Congress without unnecessary detay, each House judging the qualifications of ite members. Fifth: The payment of the National debt is a sacred ubliga- tion never te be repudiated, and no debt whatever inourred to aid treason or rebellion should ever ba paid. Sicth: The nation owes a lasting debt of gratitude to the soldiers aud sailors, and the families of the fallen should be cared for by the Government, and the President's determina. tion to give offices to soldiers is indorsed, Seventh: Delegates to the Philadelphia Convention are ex- pected to codperate only with Union men, MEETING OF THE DEMOCRATIC STATE COMMITTEE—~ PREPARATIONS FOR THE PHILADELPHIA CONVEN- TION, BosToN, July 19.—The Massachusetts Democratic assembling of a Couvention of all persons favorable to the policy of the President upon the subject of the reconstruction of the States, for the purpose of selecting delegates at large and delegates from the several Congressional districts to the Philadelphia Convention.” 1t was also voted by the Com. mittee that the call be so worded as to embrace all wie desire the Constitution, CONGRESSIONAL CONVENTION AT NEW-ALBANY, IND, SPEECH BY GOV. MORTON. New-ALBANY. Ind, Wednesday, July 18, 1366, The Union Congressional Convention for this Instriet was held at the Fair Grounds to-day. Five counties were represented. About 6,000 persons were present, aclading J. McCampbell was eleeted chairman, A speech iu the forenoon frow the Hon. D. D. Newcourt of plianapolis was warmly applauded. At 2p. m., Gov, Morton wppeared, sccompauied by Seu. Gresham aud others, (ov. Morton appeared very weak and was assisted to the stand. where taking a seat he delivored an eloquent address of nearly three hours duration. During its de- Mississirrr.—A Jackson paper berates in scurrilous style The N. Y. Herald's Grenada correspondent, and says: “We know not who the correspondent is, but he is the most unblushing of all the iing correspondents whe have pre tended to note the South as it is.” Was ever Herald correspondent so treated before by a real chevalier? Tt appears that bis sole faults are {n faking the late murder of the Freedmen's Bureau officer, Lieut. Blanding, for Lis cue of observation, and in representing that Geng, Fuller. ton and Stoedman are as disgusted with such things as they onght to be. The Jackson editor, however, knows &groat deal better. He says: TENNESSEE. Passage of the Constitutional Amend- N— Brownlow's Dispatch fo the President. a NASHVILLE, Thursday, July 19, 1866, In the House this morning the Constitutional amend- ment was ratified by a vote of 43 Yeas against 13 Nays, two members refusing to answer to their names. Gov. Brownlow sent the following telegraphic dispateb to Washington: NasuviLre, Tean., Thursday, July 19, 1866. To the E. M, STANTON, Secretary of War, Washington, D.C. My compliments to the President, We have carried the Constitational Amendment in the House, Vote, 43 to 1}; two of his tools refasing to vote, W. G. Brows ow, Governor of Tennessee. THE RECUSANT MEMBERS OF THE TENNESSEE LEGISLA- TURE. NasuviLLg, July 19.—Judge Frazier of the Crim- inal Court—hefore whom the ease of P, Williams, Representa. tive from Carter County, who applied for a writ of habeas corpus, was tried —to-day delivered his opinion sustaining the application. Warrants were issued to-day to arrest soveral members of tho House, and also the parties who arrested Mr, Williams—Messis Hyatt and Train, Gov, ARMY GAZETTE. i MISCELLANEOTS, So mach of Special Orders No. 334 as honorably musters oat of service Capt. Heary Bowman, DBrevet Major Asst, -Quar- termaster U. B. Vols, is so amended as to take effect August OX LEAVE OF ABSENCE. Drevet Brig.-Gen, 8. L. Brown, Quartermaster's Depart. ment, for 90 days from July 23, Capt. Geo. E. Alden, Asst. Quartermaster U. 8. Army, for 20 days. NAVY GAZETTE. tl. ORDERED. Trt? 18.P ibd Assistant-Sargeon Theron Wotvarton to steamer Mouocacy. DETACHED. JULY 12,~Acting- Master Philemore Dickerson, Active En- sign Andrew Jackson and Mate Wm. Parks, from stegmer Massachusetts, and ordered $0 supply steamer Newbern; Aet- ing Assistont-Paymaster Thaddeus Bell, from coast sarvey steamer Bibb, aad ordered to settle accounts: Acting Ensign Samael A. Gove and Acting Assistant.Sur, George L. Simpson, from cosst survey steamer Bibb, and waiting orders. MONORABLY DISCHARGED. Jy 12,--Acting Second Assistant Engineer Jon Fvans; Acting Third Assistant Engineers P. J. Murphy, Morgan Sutton, John 8. Larkins, and Abram Geer. JULT 10.--Acting Bosign and Pilot Wm, Best, MISCELLANEOUS, Juiy 12 Steamer Shamrock, Commander Hopkire, railed from Fayal on June 11 for Lisbon; steamer Augusta, Com- mander Murray, was at Spithead, England, June %0, the Mi- antooomek had been ordered to Cherbourg, France, end was expected to join the Augusta off Chatham, Thames River, about July i steamer Ashuelot was to sail for Lisbon; steamer Michigan sailed from Erie, Pa., on July 16 for €leve- laud, Ohlo, and Detroit, Michigan. ANTI-RENT TROUBLES, EE THE MILITARY EXPEDITION TO THE TOWN OF KNOX ~=NUMEROUS ARRESTS MADE. ALBANY, Wednesday, July 18, 1566, The military expedition to the Anti-Rent district, iu the town of Knox, consisting of 115 men detached from the 10th Regiment National Guard, left here at 7:30 this morning for the seat of war, via Susquehanna Rail: oad to Kuowersville, aud thence by march to the residence of Peter Warner, who was to be dispossessed. Sheriff Fitch and his deputies accompanied the force. The soldiers were fully armed and equipped, and supplied with 40 rounds of ammunition each. When the train reached Knowersville, Col. Walter 8S, Chnreh, who is the principal party in interest againt the Auti-Renters, was arrested by a constable on a cparpe of an gssault and battery with a’deadly weapon, committed on a4 pert named io the warrant, last Wednesday, while the Sheriff and Col. Church were endeavging to execute processes. A Deputy-Shenfl was also arrested on o like charge. The prisoners were taken six miles to find a magistrate, when they waived their examination aud gave bai] 10 appear next Thursday. Two of our deteetives left here this morning with war- rants for the arrest of 19 persons who participated in the “We had an interview with Gene. Steedman and Fullerton, who recently visited our eity, and they distmetly stated to us that they found Mississippi in a better condition, and with a better state of feeling generally throughout the State, than they bad ot observed in other States,'” Furthermops: ‘Gens. oadman and Fullerton stated to us ‘thal with one exception (Grenada) there was no necessity coen for a Corporal's guard in Mississippi’ The italios are not ours, TexXESSLE.— The Nashville Press says: A geotleman of undoubted veracity informs us that in some portions of West Tennessee the Rebels have formed a secret associntion, the object of whieh is to prevent the employment sta in any capacity whatever, whether as day-laborers,clerks, book-keepers, teachers, physicians, law. vers or mechanics, In all cases Rebels are to be employed, and the members of the association pledge siemseives to starve out drive out every Uulou men from that part of the country. I'he colored oitizeas of Memphis have elected 13 delegates to represent them in the State Convention to be held at Nash vilie August Il. NEBRASKA. —=(iov. Butler says in his late message to the Legislature, alluding to the admission of Nebraska: The objection to the adwission of Nebraska by Congress on the ground of a seanty population cannot be urged with any ap ance of consistency, Atl the time of the passage of the «Enabling Act’ by Congress in leod the population of Ne- braska was estimated at 30,000. As no acourate census Las been taken siuce that time, the exact iucrcase cannot bo stated, but from the returns of the assessment of 1865, from the great foflux of Lnmigrants during the Fall of 165 aud the Spring of 1866, and from the number of votes cust lu the recent election, sufticlent data are nted to estimate with robuble mccuracy, that it will uot, by tue tise Congress can take action on the question of her admission, fall sLort of 70 00, This so far from being below the States, is really above the average. Reflecting on the material prosperity of Nebraska, the Governor remarks: Withid the last two years the wealth of the Territory has inereased with even greater rapidity than the population. In 1564 the taxable property of Nebraska wus returned as $l, 000, 000—1in 1865 at 813,000,000. This year the retarns already filed in the Auditor's office indicate a total of $12,000,000. The same ratio of increase will give us fo 1867 the sum o go.o0. wo; but taking into consideration the unprecedented Increase of immigration, and the large amount of capital introduced by the rapl ess of our Internal improvements, it will be safe to estimate the amount of taxable Jroperty in 1867 at up- wards of 840,000,000. The rallroad interests of Nebraska ure assumiog large proportions. The work on the Omaha and Main Line of the Pacific Railroad is ssing at the rate, of one mile per day, and in a few weeks the track of iron wil extend 200 miles West to Fort Kearney, Ifthe same Shergy shall be displayed until its completion, bat a short time will elapse ere it will wind its way yond our Western boundary. Fiunlly, the Governor recommends as the wost lwportast step to be taken, the election of the United States Senators, who, in eonjunction with Congressional Representative shall present the petition of the State for recognition in the family of the Union. PesssyLvaxia.—The Postmaster of Philadelphia Mr. Corney Walborn, is about to resign, in order to become an administration candidate for Congress. Mr, Walborn had petter not attempt it, unless he is fit for it. Omi0.—At the Union Congressional Convention for the XIITth Ohio Thstriet on the 17th inst, the Hon. Cclum- bus Delano was unanimoosiy renominated as the Uuion (Johnson) candidate for Congress, Missorrt, —Radical Union men have sought refuge fu St. Joseph, having been driven from their homes near New Market, Platte County, by bushwbackers. They were pur. sued for four miles, narrowly escaping capture by the Platte County reconstructed Rebels.” Way Mg. Dexsisoy Resigyep—Ex-Postmaster- General Dennison, in reply to a note from a distinguished citizen of Ohio, congratulating him upon his resignation, thus defines his reasons for withdrawing from the Cabinet: While almost certain for several months past that I could not loug remain in the Cabiner, because of the differences of opinion on public questions between the President and myself, 1 determined, in view of all the circumstances surrounding the litical situation, vot to withdraw as Jong as there was any Dope for reconciliation between the President and our friends in Congress, Not until the President's opposition to the Constitutional Amendment and his approval of the Phila. delpma Convention were man feel that all hope of reconciliation was gone. Then I acted promptly, and would have resigned as I bave, if 1 was to leave alone. I am satisfied of baving resigned at the right time and in the right spirit, whatever may be the consequences to me personally, Civil Riants Bunn. —Two Louisiana magistrates have been arrested and sent to New-Orleans for tris] in couse- ce of a decision lately made by them infringing on the privileges awarded by the Civil Rights bill. The party against whom the decision was made was T. Lockwood, formerly Postmaster at Milwaukee, Wis. aad the question broaght u was abt employing some frecdmen who had made a ver contract with another party. Nort CAnopya PaTRIoTIsM.—North Carolina patriotism is well illustrated by the action of the Vestry of Chiist Church, Newbern, which on the 2d day of July, 1366 the following unanimous vote: Resolved, That he request made by W. W. Lander, Chairman of Committee of Arrangements, &e., for the use of the bell of the church on the 4th day of Juiy, inst, is hereby p of new that one of the objects of their mission is 1o recommend the appointment of the Hon. J. B. Weller, formerly Gov- ernor of the State of Ohio, now of California. as Secre- tary of War, in view of the anticipated retirement of Secretary Stauton, espectfully declined—it being inconsistent with the recent im of the Protestant Episcopal Church of North Carolina, riving at Knowersville, assault upon the Sheriff and his party on Monday. Ar they identitied three of the prison- ers named in the warrants and promptly arrested them, after which they were handculed and delivered into the custody of a military guard. The military then started for Warner's residence, with skirmishers deployed. All sorts of rumors were circulated, nd vam pros was rtai i tha meet opposition. Along the route they were {osut y both men and women, and were refused even a drink of water. As orders were issued not to trespass, the men did not enter any place to help themselves, but pressed forward without quenching their thirst, The troops arrived at Warner's soon after 2, and six ad- ditional arrests of Jad tg who aided in the assanit on Mon day were made, They were found in the erowd about the I rises. Several prvsons fled, and shots were fired at hem, but without effect. The Sheriff tound Warner's house closed and its doors’ barricaded. He forced them open, and removed the furui- ture into the road, where it soon after was drenched by a sovere storm. The soldiers were quartered in the house snd out-buillings, and to-morrow they will move forward to assist in the execution of other writs, SECOND DISPATCH, ALBANY, Thursday, July 19, 1806, Everything has been quiet at the seat of war to-day. No forward movement was made, owing to the unexpected detention of Col, Church in this city, The troops are under strict discipline, and the wost rigid orders against interfering with or trespassing on private property have been issued, Guards are ted at different points, and suspicious characters are challenged and examined. Large numbers of men were loitering about the en- campment this afternoon, but they were quiet and orderly. The persons arrested yesterday were all admitted to bail to appear before the next Grand Jury. A forward move- ment will be made to-morrow, and in certain quarters ap- preliensions of resistance are expressed. a ctl I— THE PACIFIC COAST, BE THE CARGO OF THE HORNET—LARGE SALES OF WOOL —THE GOVERNMENT CASE AT BLACK POINT— FINANCIAL. SAy Fraxcisco, Wednesday, July 18, 1866, The cargo of the ship Hornet was large insured in the Pacific Insurance Company, and it is understood that the losses are being Jap paid in gold cos. In the case of Emil Grsar vs. Irwin McDowell, Judge Field, of the United States Circuit Court, yesterday gave judgment in favor of the defendant. This confirms the Government in possession of the property known as Black Point, ou which fortifications have been erected. The receipts of bullion from all quarters since July 1 amount to $2,000,000, Ming stocks remain firm, but transactions are limited. Ophir, $270; Yellow Jacket, $350 Savage, $910, gal Tenders, 71. THE ARMY WORM——OVERLAND IMMIGRATION—THE TELEGRAPH EXPEDITION—MARKETS, SAN Frazcisco, Thursday, Ju'y 19, 1866. The steamer Golden Age sailed to-day, for Panama, with $1,300,195 in treasure, of which $1,115,000 goes to New York. The army worm Las invaded some portions of the in- terior of the State, An auction sale of Hawaiian sugar to-day showed a plight decline on medium grades. Darker grades did etter, The vanguard of the overland immigation arrived at Carson on Sunday. Arrived ship Favorita, Bush, New-York, and steamer Sierra Nevada from Victoria, with $35,000 in treasure. Expedition, left Mr. Butler of the Collins Telegraph Victoria July 5, with 20 men, to explore the Skeeua River, open the route to the interior, and afterward ascend to the head waters of the Shikeen River. Destructive Gale in Texans. WRECK OF THE STEAMER POTOMAC—ALL ON BOARD LOST—OTUER DISASTERS—GREATEST GALE EVER ENOWN IN THAT REGION, GALVESTON, Texas, Tuesday, July 17, 1860. Late accounts say that the steamer Potomac is ashore five miles below here. Mr. Hunt, underwriter, has pro- cured the assistance of the revenue cutter Delaware, and will go to her relief. The steamer Harlan brings accounts of a terrible three days’ gale at Indianola, beginning on the 13th and ending ina terrible hurricane on the 15th ipst. Four vessels were totally wrecked; of two of them there was not a vestige left. The schooner Veto, 5,000 barrels capacity, wos driven through the wharf, aud lies bigh and dry ashore. LATER. The steamer Potomac, which was anchored astride the bar, has disappeared. It is supposed that she foundered at her anchorage, and that all who were on board in charge of her are lost. Her passengers had previously been landed. ing he same for any secular purpose, forbiading the use of t o il. RoBERTS, Secratary V, C. C. To W. W, Jauder, Chairman Committee of Arrangements. The freight of thq steamer Harlan was washed from the what, The Tribune Eniarged. Notwithstanding the fact that the size of Tug Tar vi Bas hou Jnerensed more than one quarter, the price a TERMS. WEEKLY TRIBUNE. Mail subseribers, single d Maul subscribers, clubs hr pa Sum 9° 4 3 nica. hl 4%kited to names of subscribers.......... 1758 addressed to Ten copies, to one address. ES CU STIVEEY vio in ts Twenty copies, to one address... IE T An extra cony will be sent for each club of SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE. Mail subscribers, 1 copy, 1 year—I104 numbers. [0] Mail subse: 2 copies, 1 year—104 pumbers.......... 7 00 Mail subscribers, 5 copies, or over, for each 0opy........ 309 Persons remitting for 10 copies #30, will receive an extra copy r 1 Persons remitting for 15 copies $45, will receive an extra copy one yeas. DAILY TRIBUNE. $10 per annum; $5 for six months. THE Address TRIBUNE, New-York. DEARDEN=On “lure A Friday, Jul Dearden, formerly of A de of York, Men. Cougiys PRAEETERERTA MARRIED. TAYLOR—WINTHROP=On Wednesday, Heh a Se Fr rer By a Her EX. it Sli] 7 8 .H. Gray, nel G. IIL, te reg daughter of the late lev. Edward Winthrop, No cards. Exchange papers please copy. WILLIAMS—HUTCHINGS On Thursday, 19th inst, at the Astor ouse, N. Y., Ly the Rev. F. L. Patten, Watson Williams to Louies atcLings, ail of Perauda. J» DIED. ACKLAND-Dorothy Acklud, widow of Jolin Ackland, died T oodbridge, N. J. on Wednesday, July 19, 3460, aged 67 hte relatives aud of the family, slso her son, ome R Acks Laud, and the members of Fastern Lodge, No. 221, AM Catintiish Chaptel, Xo. 159, end Morton C 0. 4 4] y invited to attend the seveuth-st., on afternoon, Rr ow Sesh Suny ARMOUR—At Be Point, Wednesday, Ju! Araoar Foe a tT Tet ends, of the 3 i ited to the funeral his late nes, xv ngton re the paint Saturday, Zist inst at 12 mw, Carriages will be at EE the arrival of the 9:28 a. m, train from Thirtieth-st,, New Yo COMSTOCK —On Thursday, the 19th inst, Ella, only de HOA ET oe Pedi Rh dreds Merri Tho funeral will take place from the residence of her oa Cootrest,, New-Rochelle, on_Ssturday, the 2st inst, ot Vo chou P i. Frieuds of the fawily are invited to attend without furthee notice, CRAVEN—Og Thursday mornivg, 19th inst.. at the residence of his son. Alfred W. Craven, Tunis Craven, aged 85 years, Tw friends of Si family ave respuctiniiy nvied ie atteud his fanaral, uck, ou Chureb, Eightacutb se, near Filth-ave i DEARDFEN-—-At New-York, Wednesday, July! wife of C. M. r oe Thats, E ears. DELAPLAINE On Taesday evening, July 17, of apoplexy, the Hou. Isaac C, Delaplsine, aged 44 Jeo. The funeral wil! take Jace ou Saturday, Zist inst, at 4} p. m., from his late residence, No. 294 Fi'th ave. The relatives and friends of He tawily are respectfully invited to attend, withoot no- ice. De MOPT—At Newark. N. J. on Thursday, 19th icst., Catherine, wile of Garret EH. De Mott, aged 72 yours, Funeral from Neo. 34 Nesbit-st., ef 3 o'clock p. m., this day (Friday). DOLSON—Suddenly. or Thursday, July 19. near Yonkers, Willian Henry Dolson on injuries ren by afal Notice of faneral in this evening and to morrow mornicg’s papers. FLOY At ¥lizabeth, N. J., on Tuesday afternoon, July 17. Henry Floy. won of the late Rav. James Flay, in the 24th year of bis age. relatives and ‘rien ds ace invited to attend the funersl services om Friday afternoon, at 5 o'clock, st tle Heilem BM. E. Church, One: bundred-sud twenty -fftL-st, GARDNER~On Thursday, day 19, after a short illuees, Ida Louise tut daughter of W liars aud Mary C. Garduer, aged Y months The relatives and friends of the funily are respectfully invited to at- tend the funeral frou the residence of her parents, No. 272 East Brosdway, on Sunday aftersooun, at 2 o'clock. HILLS8=In Angusts, Geo., on Thareday. July 12, Johan M. Hilly, la the 46th year of Lis age. Hartford papers please copy. JONES—0On Tuesduy, July 17. at 7 o'clock p. m., Asahiel J Riverside, N. Y.. ood oh yours, ob i Jovy The relatives and friends of the family. togetLer with the Dental Pro- Bicssion, sie respectiully invited to attend the funersl, on Friday afternoon, at 3 o'clock, from No. 3 East Thirty third-st., one “doer from Madison ave. Vermont and Philadelphia papers please copy. KELLY =On Tuesdey moming, July 17, at Far Rockaway, L. Ig after a long and suffering {lusss, which she bore with Christian re signation and ness, Mary Ann, wife of John Kelly, Sheriff. The relatives snd friends of the firuily and also those of her brothers, John, Charles and Alexander Mclllbargy, are respectfully invited ta attend the funersl, from St. Patriok’s Cathedral on Fri st 10 @clock, where a solemn High Mass of Requiem will be up for the repose of her soul. The rewains will be interred ia the Cathedral vault. KELSEY—In Brooklyn. on Wednesday wight, July 18. 1866, Charles H.. son ot W. H. and Mary Jane Kelsey, aged 1 month sud 9 days. Funeral on Friday, the 20th mst, at 2 oclock, from thei: residence, No. 112 Duftield-st., Brooklyn. LARE~lu Mount Holly, on Wednesday. the 13th inst, Mrs. Lydis Lara relict of the iate Rev. George The funeral will taka plage at 10 o'clock, on Sgturday, 21st inst (rous her late residence, fn Garden st. MOIR—0u Thursday, July 19, Jane Moir. The relatives and friends of the fami'y, and of her brothers, John sod William Moir. are invited to attend the funeral, from the residen of her sister, Mrs. Smith, No. 300 West Twelfth-st,, on Friday, July 20, at 2 o'clock p. w. O'NEILL—Ia Brook! on Wednesday, J 18, at Jp. Mew Banal ONeill, io the 128 year of hf ze. hy Wy M3 fr By The faners! will take place oi Friday, the 20th inst. at 2 mn. frost her Late residence. No. 56 Butler-st. cessed wis dnigtion tho. Rov. James Bridge of Auglinacloy, County Tyrone, fast papers copy OVINGTON «On Thursday even Catherine C. Ovingtoo, widow of James Osvin aged arn stout vay day. The relatives and friends of A ity are Aavited to attend hes funeral, on at J o'elrok, from her late residence, afternoon No. 120 Macdougal-st., without further invitation. RYNO—At Astoria, on Wednesday, 18th inst, of of brain, Caroline A., wife of Crowell iH. Ryno of A LL The relatives and friends of the family are invited to attend the funeral, on Potuniay, 2ist inet, at ol o’cl a m. Steames Sylvan Stream leaves Peck Slip at 84 o'clok will be is attendanoe on arrivel at Astoria landing Tue remain will be takes to Manhasset for interment. SORE Semin of Al wm otwell, t umadone and Auselin J Shotwell of iireckiym: ving up SOUTHARD At Peekskill the Hodson, Wednesday, July 18, Thomas D, Southard in the 55d year of his age. The funeral will take piace from bis iste residence on Friday. the 2k ingt,, at 2 0'elock p. a WALSH=0On Wednesday, Juiy 18, 1866, Susanusl, wife of Nicholas Walsh, in the 49th year of ber age. The relatives and friends of the funily and those of her son-iu-law, McKenna, and of her brothers-in law, and John Walsh, Peter O'Conner are respectfully invited to attend the fanersl, from her ate residence, No, 8 Sixth -ave., theuce to Bt, Joseph's hutch, where a requiem mass will be offered up for the repose of bet er ins will be tered in Calvary Cemetery. WE BB—Suddenly, on Wednesday, the 18h: inst, Albert Webb, of the firs of Wm. 8. Corwin Co. The relatives and friends of the family are respect fully invited to RRR Sr rae ha on TR ay WIGGINS=On Toesdsy, July 17, 1865, William J. Wiggins, io the The thionds of the foul reaps fully invited to attend his funersl, e {riends ol amily are ctia v tw from bis late ae No. 114 Wast moe coe loventh-st., ou Frida tug, July 20, at 8 o'clock. Cars will be at the Harlem Depot £0 vey persons attending hits funers! to and from: Bronxville, Special Notices. Established 1821. WM. GALF, Jn, LATE i WM. GALE SON, H At No. BROADWAY (t rarily). Metzopolitan o B90 BROAD FACTERER Gi onl STERLING SILVER WARE, AND DEALER IN FINE PLATED WARES, 1s now receiving a fine assortaent of the GORHAM MANUFACTURING CoS a.) PLATED WARE, Sd SE lure. Ww, G., Jr., will occupy the store Nos. 572 and 574 BROAD- WAY, Metropolitan Hotel, about August 1. saturday 3 p.m, Movement. The Committee on the above movement have much pleasure in ame nouncing the following addition to the names of those already sdvec- tised, who thee at 3 p. ww. on Saturday: Messrs. LORD TAYLOR, ATLLIF. Co.. 11. E. LEGRAIN, EF. LAN Co. J. C. JOHNSTON, Sh ARNOLD, CONSTABLE Ceo, The purchasing Jolie re respect! uly requested to transact all Nata N usiness Toe on Ww JOHNSTON jr. Secretary. “Iovalids’ Traveling Chairs ou Wheels, for iu 30d ous se sn to $35. INVALIDS' CARRIAGES to order. PATENT CANTERING HORSES, for in and out doors, sli *2. URSERY SWING and Baby Tender, oys' STRONG WAGONS, Children's Enghsh Chariots, Rocking Horses. f Si For sale by the manulectii®h, ov SMITH, No. 90 Willism-at. a Sedicatd Fruit Er J THE HESEDY OF THE AGE, For Ee re parsion: fer mil Liver Compal ate. Burely 8 ve WELL: 1 ACK ith ave. ar Sold by JENKINS BABCOCK, No. 47 Dey-st. sold by HELMBOLD, No. 594 Broadway. Sold by DELLUC Co. No. 635 Broadway. 8.14 by HEGEMAN Co., No. 396 Broadway. TRE: Guitier of Sixth-ave. and Fortysixthst., finences of Anish or foreign mane 338, EIRRIAGES, Propeilers Sold by T. H. SA and all respects ble Drugs Post-Ofice Notice.—The Mails tor Great B and the Coutie nt is Southampton aud B For te AMERICA Tor Tre- land, vis Q u, Lr DINBURGH, on SATURDAY, July 21, will close st this Office at 10.30 8. m., and at the uptown offices, as Hrllows: Blationt 3 td EB, sha i Sut C 0, 7 Statiol Ab h 3 on U, 7:48s. m. mao “AMES KELLY. Postionster._ “he Seventh Assembly District Unlon Association, The reguiar mouthly meeting of this Asoc. vil bo hgh at VENING, Ju h clock. Blegets Bulitugs 0f SALEM T. RUSSELL, President Cuas. W GARDNER, Secre’ary. O Mingo Beer! sand Sure prarilin S RE MEND IT! fp re EVERYWHERE, MARSHALL Co. Manufucturers. Nu a “rhe ‘ood “emet is situated on the Har wt a Po src 3 Sel, Satin, se es sot al Park. No. of re CLIFT. Controller. Wat A. BOOTH, President. Minge Beer: and UMMER DRI THE BE SALE EVERY W MARSHALL Co, No. pu “Wigs, Toupees and Ornamental alr halt aod hair dyein lark or Brown, all shades st SATCU ELOR'S, No. bond. Ww of 911 kinds REPAIRED by the waathet AMDOWRINGING MACHINE C0 ANY, No. 4 ur 1 At. at IR ow. NK EXTANT "HERE. No. 182 Thompson st. Coustlumdt-st. a Br MARSHALL Co., No. 182 Thompson st., N. of Fe, Fie Lc Sieh, sing chloe 5 ee INI MACHINE Cov. No. 616 Broudway, N.Y. “Hill's Hair Dye, ets. Black or Brown; instantaneous: jasith is Ton Feltable est, cheapest lu use, Depot No. 66 John» I Sold by sd Dregalets. en, formerly of Nottiaghani, Eugiand, agsd +3 5

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"ov NEW-YORK DAILY TRisunem, Fripax, JULY 20, 1866. a er tpn 00k TNIONE CORMESPONDEACE. LETTERS FROM THE PEOPLE. Personil, politic, and Social Subjects, THE GET HOUR MOVEMENT. WHE SOUTHERN STATES AND RECONSTRUCTION “yg. B" AND THE DEATH PENALTY. Fhe Law of Progress and the Steam Engine, the Editor of The N. Tribune. Bix: Knowledge is increasing but nowhere Las societ advanced to the recognition of progress asa primary pri siple or natural law. Of this, people of old knew nothing; and hence their aspirations never Toso above the current sondition of things. It is mneh the same still. Monarchs strive to reconcile their subjects to effete systems of gov- smmment, Adberence to old formulas is the law, and obe- ence to it is held forth as a virtue. Of the industrial arts Shere are none from which inquiry into old processes has not Been held back by absence of ambition to excel, and the spothegm of the supine, Let well alone.” That which people are satisficd with, they are in no baste to abandon 1 kuow rot what ¢lse to ascribe the persistent ignoring by engineers of the two significant theorems in the econ- sy of steam, referred to in Tue TRIB ¥E of the 8th ult., shat ite virtue as a motive agent is undiminished, intact to She moment of liquefaction, and that more power may be bed from its collapse into water then fiom its swelling energy as au elastic fuid. An iuvention that is, a d promises through the future to be, one of the crowning glories of the arts, should, so fur from exLibiting serious tmperfections, command in every feature as a whole the best praise of geniue. Not another can be named so ted to advancing civilization, to agriculture, manufac- Sures, mining, and commerce; not one with greater claims on the attention of the most gifted of mechawcians, Not shat efforts to improve the steam engine have been lack- Ing; far from it, for it has undergone numberless forms and modifications, Like fashions In dress and dry-goods, phnost every season has brought out fresh ones, But on the whole they Lave been rather superficial than profound, external than internal. More thought has been given to fhe skeleton—to forms, arrangements, and movements of fhe limbs—than to an economical and perfect application of the animating fuid. Iv all, it bas been lavishly ex- nded, and wasted in most to an extent surpassing that any staple material of manufucture—a waste that would krapt every fuctory in existence. Were it not near oe much as represented, it is enough, and ought to be ore than enough, to awaken inquiry even in the ape- Bhetic. But there are those who think the popular motor eaxuot be much further improved; that there is little or po zoom for improvement. Just so people thought of suaclines now obsolete; and quite as natural is it for shose as ignorant of nature's series of ascending lessons children of subjects to which the alphabet and spelling. Pook are introductory to think sonow. As respects a few oodern mechanisms, the opimon may be true; but only for the tie being: fur there is no reason to infer that ar- titicial devices will cver cease to be superseded or im- red. Strange as this may sound, so far from being ir- onal or out of rule, it is in accord with the economy of erestion and our own organization. There is something fo us that, once awakened, craves for progress, and cannot be satisficd without it. However far we may go, bow- ever great our achievements, this urges us enward to ter. Things that appeared miracies in former times fav. become every-day facts, and we are tilling up a new Hitherto the workl of intellect Las been in a great measure torpid. Our times are but the beginning of wen. tal gctivity. We live too near the infant period of our specics to have other than mere glinweriugs of what the arts are to grow up to; enough, however, to convince us that, were it not for the progressive principle, our destiny eould be little different from that of the brutes, We soust either advance or retrograde till the higher faculties sink into the lowest. 1 suppose few persons are aware of the sui generis fact that wore power may be got from steaw escaping from en- es than it gives out within them, and fewer still who jeve it. The incredulous ray the fact, if it be one would not have escaped the notice of early enginecrs an their puinerous and able successors. Suppose it did not; Shey evidently did not turn it to account. Others remark shat it would be strange if this wonder-working nstru- ment, which bas given an unprecedented stimulus to the arts; multiplied and cheapened their products, and vastly tmproved every species of producing mechauisims, has not teed] kept pace with them. Not at all. No Luwgn device $a, or ever can be, born perfect. Like natural olganismns #t must grow; and the more important and complicated the lower its growth. Whatever admires of the engine say think, so long as balf its power is unproductive, it ean be but half developed. Its defects are accounted for its comparative recent ore and its great and novel ter us a generator and transmitter of force—as a mover and even maker of machines. It was out of the eategory of all previous inventions. It took the world the glosios part of century to appreciate it. Requiring more common minds to develop, the knowledge of its prin- eiples and consiruction has been confined toa limited Jemver of o tors. Outside of them, people yet know tle of it; but the times are shabging this. In com- mon with other things, it will bécolie vpen to, and be benefited by, investigation and criticiem. A mechanical power, the steam engine 18 the product of thas which is the source of all power; and hence, so loug as knowledge in- “qmong wen” (to use Smithson's formula), its fraits must increase both in quantity and quality, snd dbey do. We aze not satisfied with devices correat hity They could not meet our prescnt wante, and, fist ve ec toward the condition of things“then, our fifty Ah hence, will probably feel toward our end us. To all the machinery of to-day they cer- will not be reconciled. But some will ask, How can mechanism be coutinually rendered more eflicient and its spplications extended Without dwelling on mivor points, on forms and motions, or even principles of motion, let it be remembered that new clements and matenals of the arts are being constantly brought to light, andamong them metals g higher qualities than any familiar to us, and provided in equal abundance. That iron, aha £4 ing us for their introduction and Hr es. ed to bosuperneded, we ex y them, can no Songer be doubted. Tuke oue now coming into use— alu- minum—as an example. Ngtoue-third the weight of iron, grvaling it in tenacity and other properties, little, if at all, pubjeet to oxydation by atmospheric exposure, aud conse. quently vastly more enduring. Imagine the ebanze in the entire circle of the arts when it and the kindred ones are iz a much demand for general machinery, cugineering and hardware 8s iron is now. As for steam eer 3t bas opened on the world an era of progress, aud ‘destined to continue a leading characteristic of it. Mark the difference between past times and the present— petween us and leading nations of old. The arts of Indig and of the East generally are what they were thousands of years and—an inevitable consequence—so is the social and pol tical status of the people. With them, machines once ished were mever altered; with us, to make them do better work and more of it, or te replace then with others, is becoming the rule—a natioval Lalit. (See Joeent Patent-Office Re To some minds, there may pothing in this to excite special attention; yet, in reality, it is of equal siguificance aud import to the future ss say of the great onwerd movements of the day. Itis the very pith and marrow of in the arts; and in them is progress in all other matters. On this et, man is the noblest work of God, and the evolution Sf jet, pe is by far He Be Bos oy ax Inits present and prospective effectson t ysical, intellectual and morel advaucement of our species, there is nothing ary wah he by Of all things, its expenditure shoul rd with the highest working standard HOS. EWBAYR. Nem York, July 13, 1668, “ove ri a x cl ae The Eight-Hour Movement. Ov the Editer of The N. Tribune. fis: Let the difference between us be clearly unde stood. We claim that less hours for labor means— First: An increase in Wages;” and Second An inerease in Production,” w Disputing the soundness of our ela” vou assume, al- cet os a matter of course, that ¥7y 01) broduce Lees in the Eight than we do i» the Ten Hours; and that we shall receive 1088 Wo oag for eight than we now receive for ten or Wore Dury of labor. ‘While w# claim that the production of wealth under the Eight-Tiour system will prove to be very much more #2210 thas is now possible, we are nevertheless willing for the time being to waive that claim, and admit that we shal! not produce as much wealth io eight as in ten hours’ fabor, and yet we insist that our wages for labor must and will increase. The Eight Hour system will increase our wages in spite of the combinations of employers, even though we produce Bese! But employers will not combine, because they will wot want to combine. There will, in a reduction of the hours of labor, be less d Jess motive to combine” in an antagonistic sense. i# js not the time to show why this will not happen; ho! L o single satescs, it may be said that, when fap take a step in t direction, everything works he better for it. righ pope y Ming Admitting then, if you wish, that we gh! not produce much under the Eight-Kour system as we do now by orking teu or more hours fu a day, we stl iosist upon sout.duess of our cloim that wages for the Likorer or A ’Y what incresse without iucrearing tho wvrice of article Jrdsdeed, because the 1nereuse will Le at the nse of the capitilist, here is a world of differgnes between inereasing wages ot the expense of the capituiist and nereasiog tic ot the bp of the eonsuiner, a large majority of whom labor produce ether things. Oue -F AF ie &0 a barre) and avorvthin z tein proportion 1s worth ch toa 1ahe Ing ¢.a¢ ng v_ as mt T arrel end everytl twice as As we have admitted then temporarily—for the sake of the argument—ihag we shall not produce hs winch in the t ns in the Ten hour system, it is fair {o claim that se 1 wo poiats shail not ba mixcd—that one shall be ar affirmative in the de- Lever we please first. them to nd 1 cued first, and that, as we take the bate, we have a right to take whi When men argue, it ig gometimes necessary for K commence Upon pole ground upou which wwey Cau bola stand, and Lere i8 an instance, Probably we can both agree that whetl will not be increased ig one question, and will or will not be increased is another. which satisfies our minds that wealth wiki jn part the argument whic L eonvinces us that wages Intist be increased by reducing the hours of labor. Practically, in a reduction of working hours, the greater rate of pro- duction will probably sow itself {irst—that is before wages are inereased. “But we have ne very speciaiintors st in dwelling upon the simple addition to a nation or a co- wunity of a little more wealth. considering a8 We do the great overshadowing question of a more equal distribution of weal’h DISTRIBUTION, not Production, is the burd-n of our sony; for the peopl that hecome wise enough to conquer the first problem will master the second without the aid of peor, half starved and hated reformers and agitators, wer wages will or ether wealth jhe argument he increased, 18 Born fve hund:e] years tao soon Vor the comfort of their days.” «Tell ns how io increase wealth” may be the question which wealthy men would most like to hear answered, because they know that it only increases their power; but “how shall we 80 divide wealth that it shall stay divided,” is a question wm which they are not so muelh interested, Our claim that Weges can only be increased by relneing the Hours of Labor, meaus a more equal distribotion of Weuith; but we preter to stata it in that way, because the first it dicn- tion the people will receive of this great truth will be in the bigher wages they will receive, The difference bet ween the two ways of stating this may be compared to the difference between the child Horree Greeley of 5) years ago, and the ginnt Horace Greeley of to-day. The slight incrense of wages for mere day labor which will show itse'f in the Bight-Hoar system will be the baby figure of the giaut mass of things to come ut last.” The increase in wages will be tov gradual to arrest tho at- tention of the workers themselves, €Veu, uf a ass They will have as little comprehension of that fact fir a long time, a8 thousands now have of the fact that to-day the material com. forts of the Juboring classes Are very wuch more numerous than they were 20 years ago, Many of them wonld dispute this, even, if you should remind thew of the fact, Ope tung, bowever, will be observed by the most of them: that wages have not gourd back—that they wers wot reduced, ‘Tley will pot reason upon the matter, Int will attempt to account for the fact that they get their hows of labor reduced without a reduction of wages, upon the same theory adopled by those who now attempt to show why their wages were pot reduced when the Ten-Hour system wus adopted. They say: Why, ~thev wanted our help. The employers’ work was driving. We woul! not work for any less pay,and they were obliged to eome to it ‘&e. This ex- planation amounts to nothing, of course; but this 18 not the plice to say why. The poser Which prevents wages from going dewn, however, is as much above the er jloyer's power as auy vatuiel law; sud the great secret Of Lie opp sition of employers to the Eiglt: Hour system is partly because they ia- stinctively feel that at any rate they have got to pay as high wages as ever; ond believing, as they re ally do, the most of them, that less work wid Le done. they oppose the change, If the wajoi ty of workmen could sce this as clearly ss the empl yers even, the chal ge, so far as votes eould etivot It, would soon be made, The employers put the case thus: “If your hours are reduc d, you cannot do as ouch work and your pay will be reduced.” 11 this Were true, what moiive have they to spend millions of dollars to fight this obange 1 They will receive less work and will pay less wages, “ILey are secre tls afraid that they will not be able to reduce the pay, and in this they are really corr.ct! If tiey have not made the philosophy of tho thing study, they Kuow, as praciical business wen alw avs know a thing, that certain representalive Lecossilies which they can see, cannot be brought Goan AS Suddenly a8 the hours of labor may be reduced. There 18 bLouse-rent, board for those without funilies, flons, meat, &e. 1s the merp foct that wen leave their wols at 49 w, tesicad of 6 going (0 choapen any of these things! Suppose their pay hos averaged $2 50 per day; according to the “dogic” of those who oppose us, twenty per cent. must be token off this sum, which leaves an average of $2 per day for each man. Fmployers understand perfectly that no such re duction ns heli a dollar a day ean thas arbitrar ly be made iu- dependent of the fluctmations of the present financial and commercial system, Nor are they consolous of any deliberate intention of misrepresenting the conscquences. lhey spend but very little time in consideriog the sabject. Tt is'nt ther fanotion to entertain and satisfy a popular clamor fur unheard of privileges. They can't stop io ry moral experiments, A financier apd a reformer upon the same stem would be an exotic in our Social system, Ike theory which demo strates the impossibility of reducing wages by simply tedaciug the hours of labor is the same, sub- stantially, which shows that wages are gradu ly fnereascd by reducing the hours; so let us keep well in view ounmein propos. tion, pawely, that eight hours means more instead of jess wages, or the glorious commencement of a more equal distribu tion of wealth Remember, niso, that we concede, jor the time being only, that as much will not Le produced iu eight as iu ten or more hours labor, Narrowed down to the single proposition as aforesaid, we divide this into two, and ergue the first one first—viz: that more time of leisure for the working-clssees will revolutionize their habits, custoins, tastes, maunors, feelings, ways of living, &ec., &c. Having demonstrated this, it wili be very easy to SLOW that weges must come up, up, up, kradualy, untl the weslth produced and the busivess of producing it w Al final y welt back into the hands of the great laboring cl 18ses, This wil' be a Republicanization ot the production of wealth, aud the clase now known as laborers exclusively, and the class we now cull capitansis, are to Clseppesr 6s such, and laborers and espitalists are 10 merge into one and the sams. That w hl be the millennicm of labor ro form, avd the bare euatemplution of the vast more] and social consequences possible, fils the soul with wonder avd delight, While, iu such a state of so- ciety, the Peabodys, Astors, Stewarts aud Rothschilds will be both impossible avd unnecessary, the genius which now makes such commerce lords possible will be employed for nobler and grander uses. As financiers singly, their cecupa- tion will be gone, Whe virtue and iotelligenes of the musses will ify measure, the matter of the production of the language of Carl Schurz, will Le ready cussion of our moral aud social simplify wealth, while sli, in to engage in the peaceful probleins. But we are calling upon those who do not believe Ia any such future for mackind, “Ob, ye of Little fata,” the gnost sfensful of ull skepticism in that which stamps as visionary the doctrine that wrong, and poverty, and wictchednees, are not to last forever; whie the most recreant of all Infidels is Le who will uot do Snytiing because of bis little faith; but 1 coming! yes, ‘tis coming!” Returniog again to the firs’ half of our proposition, that wore time for the workers will revolutionize their habits, wags of living. &e., how can we Semevauitty this #0 that it wil be j y the seal DD Link, 0 TA HE RRA ur most men have time to give to the question, whether they trade or work. This must be taught by example. The Na tional Government must try the experiment in its Navy-Yurds aud Apsenuls, as we suggested 1u our last letter, How can we prevail upon the Government to try she experiment t By first eonvinciug a few of the soundness and importance of our cleims, Itisin the power of THE NEW YOM BHIBUSR to in duce the Government to try the experiment; aod it will use ite power when it is convinced, and not before. So thoroughly satisfied ere we of the soundoess of our eon- clasions, that we sre willing that the experiment abould be tried upon ceuditions which shell subject our to the severest test. The Government way say to those who mana its Navy-Vards aod Arsensls, “Hero is 80 much work to be dane, and the money to pay for it is rendy ue usual; you mey pay as low wages as possible, provided you gag enough to secure the services of couipetent weoh anion wud but pot MAD, POD ANY pretext, stall work a moment over Eight Hours dey. Eigit Hours shall be the nutiouel standard or a day's labor, and there shal be no overwork!" It is fur clo to stipulate thet all shell understand that the eystem is going to bave a most thorough trial, of five years say, or longer, An experiment jnvolviog nothing less than haman motives and actions ond babite, cannot be decided in a year. It takestime to anchor improvements to custom, asd to prejudiee, indeed, if you plesse, While we are wiliog, il we must, to submit to the most rigid and humilisting conditions for the sake of bringing out pructleally a great truth, we wish that the Government could be induced to wake a more liberal ex. periment, and say 10 ils agents, Adopt the seven hour sys. tem, aud deterwine the compensation according to the pres. ent method The Government is supposed to pay the same rates paid for the same quality and quantity of work done for outside parties, The most liberal experiinent would, indeed labor under the same sort of disadvantages that ali experiments Lave when conducted in opposition to the opinions and estab- lished usages of society. When James G. Barney, Cassius, M. Ciay aud others, at the South, attempted to illustrate the economy of paid over unpaid labor, they did it under disad- vantages toa numerous to describe in this letter, It is ploas- ant, indeed, to remember that the popular prejudices against scientifie and labor saving iuventions bas so far disappeared that to-day the experiments made in this country in seri uavi. gation, or in typesetting wachinery, for instance, are con- ucted without subjecting the proprietors or inventors to the Jersonal ylolence which ‘would Lave been their fate had they ved in the times of Hargreaves and Arkwright, But, while we bave grown hoepitable to novelties in the arts and scienees, we Lave not yet reached the point where we are to accept all the cousquences of a great mors! prin- ciple. In aeking for a National trial of our ideas, we cor fiont the dread the ruling classes have, of touching a great social avd material problem, which, Hf solved, mLy #e¥olutionize their position apd power. We mean, (nstef re, to give fair notice that we expect the same embarrassment in a me that have always attgpded Any experiments; especiglly 1 bo Dapalas ndveages ej els ang Sopcer iid. NevZrtueloss, we +hsl] Fiore enough to suggest Lie expediefny il furth roduction in tbe tg Haber. id a Che ey Buppose, “peantine, since we mast theorize before we ex Perinest ghat iu your, Brooklyn Nuvy-Yerd the working hours ee reduced to seven per day, aud os mueh pay per day as if Lucey worked ten hours. We say seven hours, that we may have as much time as pos- gible outside of the day's tesk. ‘This would give us three hours more than we now bavein the Ten-Hoursystem, In (hese three hours, we have tive enough to make our ides quite palpable, ibe harm of wore time upon the habits, customs, ways of Living, &e¢., of the workers cap be better perceived nt first by presenting the idea upon a large seals. just os one would nse a magnifying glass to 1p him see something etherwise nlmost if not quite invisible to the naked eye. single half hour more of leisure than wo bave, would do us much service; bat to undertake to demonstrate the philosophy of more 1:isure by supposing oily balf au Lour more, would be much ax if a pro- fessor lould attempt to iliustrate to bis class the fact of the divisibility of matter, by dividing a single grain of sand, in stead of something large eoough to (be easily seen by all interested. Why ot suppose the Five or Three Hour System for Labor," yon may perhaps ask? Because, while the special objections 10 overwork would dis- eppear in so fow hours a day, other difficu ties would tule thelr place; and wo don't want to exchange aifficaltics stnply. We want to go far enough to get rid of ove evil, and stop before we rup into another. I'he reasons urged by those opposed to the Eight Hour reduction we urge agningt a Five. Hour reduction, while the ressurs we give in bebalf of the Bight Hoar iden would be ureed by any one in opposition to a Fitteen-Hovr system. We night reply to those wb would cari catore our Eight-Hour ery by proposing five, thus: As you ‘are opposed to the Eight-Hour arrangement, why don't yon go in for Fifteen?” Tlas would be “tit for tat,” personal rallery in place (f argument. We must commence by assuming a cer- taiu degree of respeet for cach other's purposes. You don't want suy one overworked. We are not advocating anything which means to us wore idleness or less wealth, Let those who are disposed to make this matter a study, pay n visit ome noon to your Brooklyn Navy-Yard gate just be- fore the bell strikes for 12 You see no one But the attendant st He entrance, who is ull ready to open the doors the lustaut the bel rings, Ho knows from experience the rush thero will ba, Every. thing is quiet, The men aresal esgaged at their various dollar a day, when four tas! s, or apparently so, for really the most of them are getting ready fora run, Many of them go a mle and a quarter to dinner, whieh makes a wilk both ways of two wiles wud asbalf, Yightluly claims, under the Con Une eating and washing and scant toilet, all take time; and in or short hour avery man must be back inside of the gate or lose balf a day. This is a life of high pressuce, friction, heat, wear avd tear. sweal avd dist, and the whole hraod of awile rer 2 would be if four were $12a 3 whieh follow, Some of these men—meny of them the better ori—live so far away that they have to take ther dinners, They see thelr children Sundays. The most of ihe year they leave and reach their homes in dorkness, They are deter. wined to go early and late, however, that their cwn st home shall enjov what they never Lope for themaelves—sun e and air away from the pavements, Why don't be go out West i” asay. Perhaps be will; but Unele Sam will Lire some one else to take Lis place, and what of kim again? No colonization or Liberie scheme, or go off” talk will settle this social prob- lem, ‘dhe men are here, and bere they cau be made happier when men are willing to study the natural laws wiich govern society, Well, the bell strikes, and instantly the yard and passage: wey are fil'ed with workmen, Ol for 8 Dickens to describe the scene Follow them up the street. How fust they walk! Wonld you like to ran 300 poovs in the year for your midday meal as tired and begrimed sud hopeleas us they are?! bdowe of these men—less fastidious—live in Louses near the works; but to balenee their shorter walk, they must take tenements, with no yards but the bot pavements in front; there is no green grass, while the street air is poisoned by the reesing fiith ws it creeps along the stones. Physical depression, a loss of precious energies, and a craving for the ot fal stimulact of ardent spiTils sl! to an extent inconecivaile by persons io happier eiroumstances, completes the oLapter for the wen. But what of their families? We propose a revclution in their habits, ways of living, &o. Do n't they need itt It will be lwpossihie for any one to {i} y appreciate the change which more leisure will make ju the ways of living of laborers und mechanics and thelr families unless they first cousider their present condition and habits; aud this is why we dwell upen your Brook'yu Navy-Yard of to-day as an {llustration, Io the Seven-Hour system which we pow suppose for the sak of illustrating our ides, work ecm. woenees at 74 w,; And, as an hour snus Lal is allowed for dinner, the men leave the yard at 4 p.m, tueir day's Wark fi ished, and they are at perfeet liberty to do whatever ticy choose, Pay snotber visit to the gate at noon, just beforethe bell rings, and see if you can detect any diflcrence, Not wuch, if any, you wa) be very sure, “If there be any who imegine that there wonll not be rich and poor, thrifty and improvident, comfortably and need: sober wen and sots, spendthrifts cod roisers, wo llionaires und beggars ander the Kight- Hour rule, we wre sot i aecurd vith thew,” snd we may add, £7 the information of al) interest d, that if there be any who imagine tact ouks will be founc to- mortow beenuse acorns were planted yestordasy, ‘we are not in aecord with them" Still, all buil to the earib, and sussiine, and rain, since without these, oaks are 1s img weihle as wise wen aud women withont the a! phabet, land, s ballot, or TIME! In the Seven Hour systew, the improvement will be se very gradual that at first orly the most candid and careful wil admit that there has been a ehiange, You may «trike the fet ters from the limbs of a tlave and cian cipnie bin in ao hour; but his habits aud maroers as a sive wil Just fur monte sud years. The systein has branded iato kis natar u hameler which few are capable of entirely outgrowing; bt his eh liren commence life with sdvanteges he has just se ured; sodso from goucration to generation, each Laltiful Ww its wew, Tesh duties, we are to go on firaver! “Won't ticse men abuse their three hours timidly suggests one whose cuestion betrars bis Inek of faith in the wikdom of God snd tue upward tend. ency of wan. When will men learn that will Lberty and kno ledge inereass u man's power to do wrong, the woiices to do right mmerease very much fastert In this connection, we Wust stop to correct oue mistake usualy made by the friends of this wovewens, and ths do Justice Lo those 0) psc We cannot afford to make a single mistake. Our friends ery, We want more (ime, that we may read and write, attend lectures sd libraiws,' &e. They forget that while the per cent oi workmen whe sre up to these cone siderations is constantly cer sed will probably eon tinue to inerease until habits of refi ction inveetigation, and read op shall be all but universal, thet they, in this respect are sii] ib quite a winerity; that the newber who would at first devote their extra boars to study and weetings would be comparatively smal, Worimen whe ar int gent enough te enter into this movement beurtily ars inchitivd to judge then fellows by themselves; nevertic.css the oppositivuare corel when they say, as they glanes et toe m aks of Wo kien, that to! don't believe a wadoricy of them would do ao yehing of the kind, The mistake meae by our opponents ks in forgeiting that the masses can be reached bya lass of fluences ad wolves perfectly innocent of themselves though of a less 1 ET or scholarly tone than would be eouglt alter Oy tue thule elu. alone, 44) masses do not re wl much, or resso tev live were in their wd emotions netures. I ve to visit aud to be visited; they ore ware: pnd more ardent; thelr perceptive faculties predominate over t' cir red 3 The lesson which tune tesches them is Lach for nll 2nd Dowie wisdom 18 Coutaiiod du dovis Ube wie take made by mony who do the preaching, is in not being will- ing to trust any who fal in thelr Jessons or their prayers It is possible to have a good tine” according to alt the Gospels —te run, sing, fiddle, laugh, danes, aud play, wilboot inten: perance or danger, It is the duly of those who :fudy social seicnee to find out what it is in dress, fiahion, games, theaters, balls and saloons, which are pwoper of themselves, and to sep- arate them from extravagances, lale bours, sehood, and vices nn foes gener lv. The devil puis sowethiog pretiy and desirable into all bis songs and arte, He laughs when tue paints reject what he appropriates If the philosophy of the shori-time movement enn only con tain or take care of whose pilociples ere fed, it a a failure. Its glory is th ot it touches the very lowest 1a ety, not from tue Lighest wotives, of goulsa, Lut such as ther can appreciate aug feel—caey, pride, interest, love of display, ut tention, approbasion, aod physical comiorts You wust expect to begin wth the men just where the haw dl svsien left thom, “nelfis),” says Mill, “becuse a Weir thoughis are required for they selves,” Meu cannot Leip the ir fluence of the most powerful considerations, as they understand them, In the Seven-Hoar experiment, we bave sapposed, A. wives to KH, How wuch do you pav a year for house-rent 1 “One hwnd: red doli rs,” 18 the answer, “Qoe hundred dollars; why, 1 pay 24," says A., “and my famn'y is po lwrger than yours” “Ro did 1 before the hours of labor were reduend,” says B, “but vow I have mo: e and larger und vieer rooms; my fawiy is better situated, $4 a year will pay the railroad fie andl th Loise every night by Sf o'clock A. w 1. #0 home ad tell Lis wife: aud although neitoer have visited a Library, they can understand what it would be to ase some of the extra tims afforded by the shorter hours to go furtuer aid pay less rent; aod these cases would rapidly wultiply. At a meeting of tho Boston Social Setenea Aspociotion o few weeks since, the special matter for the eveniug's discussion was Houses for the Poor,” A erriain speaker said that the workin: classes were quite “gregarious” io their habits. If be would viet any of our 1 roe soops. asl we k (rom them in a straizli line as far as possi] for tweniy minutes, aod then remember that be had gone as far as it fs ossil je for a work. man ta liv, m his place of employ went w thout carry oe Lis dinucr, he Kould Lavo used some other word, Aside fiom the neces ity of more time, there §8 probally as much necessity for more pace for the working elasscs as of anything nameble Treir low habits, tastes, foclings, ways of living. &e., are probably dus mare to their beng packed together so close than 10 any other one cause; as this is generally admitted, It need not be argued. It is a material question, avd wil seitle itself naturally, when we dispose of tie woral question which precedes it. The point is, whether more t/me will tempt and induce the workers to move fur more space? It is loar that a wan can gu twice as far in two hours ns Le ea in coe, that Ligh rentawil drive him into low rents if be has Line to go to them, Al who OW Baud within 90 widow of adi ane very large efties Lave A pecuiinry interest in the success of oar reform, for the time men wid bave inthe Eight-Hoeur system will be used to get out of the city after the day's work is doue; and that will bring up the price of their lind. This will also make it better for those who stay ln the city, for the competition between those who ire will be tram fared in a moasnre to those who rent buildings, A lindlord who has but few applications for bls tenewerts is a very different belug from ene who has many. Me thinks more paint, repairs paper, and of the sights, sounds end snelsin bis neigh oo! Tue Beven-Hour System Loa sent oot of town many of the customers of the rum-sellers, and those left behind, having more time to look nboat snd eriticise, there are two reasons why the wan should stop selling smn loss of patroc age and the inf aences put against him by those whe di-hike Lis company sue Lin siops, wid every such piat east out means a Letter vote post elootion day, A few voles sowetimes turn the scale; volt trumphe; cud so the blessing makes itself felt far un wide, Alen are no ionger physically exhausted by their ing day's labor and eonfinoment, a lureer number of faciities are biought into play eacu day, energies accumulate, health in. p eves. new associations ave formed, thelr facuities sharpen, they become more Lopeful, hope'nl men me provident pai orally, provident men acenmul te, and more comiorts are pos ible, greater independence in secured, aud thus more mental freedom; broader and sounder views provai!, and the motives to do better are inereased in the same proportion that the temptations not to da so are redoced, J ere ds a purer social atoosphere, Peeple begin to con. gl lor each thers feelings as they have more time to think of theiroan Truth and justice begin to seem more sacred, for they are less and less calioused by constast violations of them. We are mmply assuming tht, when men tuke vie ste they are sure to tuko avother very svun, and so on to the ne as naturally as results follow causes. Men will coma together often; for when there is timo they cannot be kept apart; and when they come togetuer tho iuferlor wil straggle to imitate the superior, The wasees 1 oro faster by obser vation, experience, and example, than they do by reflection, reuson, or study, and their first lessons will be learved abroad, Their o ations and impressions, under such clrenm. stances, will U® as various aud diverse ws the persovs, yor upon a few points there will be an essentisl agreement. Forinstaues, ll are interested in learning “how they can better thelr condi social all for each, a ‘tion;" and they will listen to those who seer capable of teach. fog them how, for there is time, to Lsten, The charges of this pew way of living will gradually crystalfige and Laiden into habit and custom, wlule meantime the class dx Jkmen who are what we may oal superior, in a measure, the wer of habit, are waking themsely oa felt through their ideas, Tis letter is already too long, and yet ou: story is not told. We Luve no claims upon your ecliruns, aud respectfully submit wo Jour decisions to Rublish or not, as yon ere moved, 5. Ee og vou Vee ir 3 ry IRA STEWARD. Hopedale, Mass,, July 16, 1806. ll Reconstruction and Meconcilintion—A Basle Proposed, To the Editor of The N.Y. Tribune, Sik: We want peace, prosperity and union. We are weary of war, destruction snd discord. We demand of our leaders, Conservative Republisans Radical Republicans, Dem. ocrats, Northerners and Southerners, to set'ls, by common consent and once for all, the issues between North and South, and to put an end to sections] divisions, The pressing, paramount poli‘ical necessity of to doy is, to take the Negro Question out of American politics. Till this is done, the war is not ended; we have oly changed the weapous. Each of the three parties now in the field is based upon the Negro. In vain we ory. Peace, Peace! when there is no Peace. To obtain harmony, we must find a com- mon ground, If pone such can be had, the struggle will go on till we again puss from words to blows, and a secoud, a still Lloodier war will follow. What we wunt is not a party tri- umph, but a final unsoimity, We want new partics, baead upon now issues, contesting every State, North and South, as in our emtlier history, Their questions must be national, not geog aphicrl. There must be no longer a Northern party, nor a Southern party. When new parties are thus organized upon Issues agitating alike every State, geographical prejudiees and hatreds will die out— the sore, vo longer rasped, will heal. Then, we shall be Amer jean citizeos, and despise the narrow bigotry of sections, Thus far, we are al agreed. How, then, shal we find a common ground? Thisis tho problem for American states wanslip iu 1866. Let us briefly state for cach party its own view, and theu proposs a compromise, which o lmay accept, whieh may involve a sacrifice of prefu but not of prineiilws, Lue covservative Republicans 1 y, “The fight wos for the Union, nnd 1 Las enn caded the point. She has abolisle thus evidenced her sincenty, She pew 0 raer representation in the Nutional are "we Jurisdiction over hiy pwn people= mit satfrage, the right to regulate the tindi viduals within her own borders. X pion as it was and the Constitntion me i= Belig sila diate in the oling except to ascertain his personal loyalty. This State right of representation being absclufs, Congress has no rigut to exact conditions. To insist upon Negro Saffra ce, or any: thing cise, a8 a condition precedent to representation is uncon. gtitutional, To organize a Freedman's Burean, or any other “imperium in imperio’ within a State, is an interference with the reserved rights of that State, All further Congressional legislation Is unwise and unnecessary. Tle restoration of the Union will be complete whenever the Sonthern Siates send love! men os Senators and Representatives to Washington and Congress allows them to tuke their seats,” The Democrats say Amen but eo a little farther, They say: Ihe South was goaded into Socession by the meddling of Abolitionists, They were the rea! criminals, She was the vietita of fanaticism, Bhe fonght for her rights and was de. fated. For the sake of the Union we reluctantly arded ip her overthrow. Now these gallant and unfortutate men have 11id down their arms, they should be welcomed back, not as Rebels, but as brothers, The Negro is an inferior race, unfit for political equality, Moreover, he is ignorant and degraded, incapable in Lis present eondition of using the suifrage intelli gently, Abolish the Froedmen's Bureau; withdraw the U, 8, armies; leave the Negroes of each State to the unrestricted legislation cf their former masters. proclaim universal am- nesty; admit any men, loyal or disloyal, whom the Southern people seloet as their representatives, aud avoid hereafier any inte1f-resce with the domestic relations of the races withis the States.” The White people of the South say: Nine-tenths of us have taken active, personal part in the war. A majority of Lhe re- maining tenth sympathized with the rest. We did our best to secede. Wa wonld gladly secede to morrow if we oonld, 'e do not 1ove the North not its institations, We are conquered, wot convinced, We yichd to the bayonet. We seek to retain our old habits and usages, We will concede what we must, but no more, We have been freed to abolish Slavery; bat we still despise the Negro, Deprived by emancipation of his natural proteciors, be will soon die out like the indian. Mean. while, we will not recognize him as, in any respect, our equal, Thoogh nolonger a slave, he must be a dradge, We will keep Lim is subservienos, and wil resist, so far as we can, wi lis lution or interference in his belalk We vow want our dena. tors end Represetatives in Congress in order Wo block the who Vo of rodical legislation; aud weanwlhily we have re-or- gemzed our State Goveruments as bulwarks agatast the Wash. weton despotism,” The Rad'eal Kepublioans say: “The fight was not merely fr the Union, but for the Nations] zation or abe'ition of Siavery. ‘The Union was indeed the shadow, but human lib arty the sobstance of the quarrel Our tAdemph has destroyed the insitation only in name, It still exists, so long as tie races sxe unequal before the law, A house divided against it self como stand. An arstoeraey of color which degrides Juoor and tue laborer cannot live in peace with communities bused upon the declaration that All mea are cronted equal.’ [hercfore, to reramit the conquered States to politic A equli'y whils their restitntions are framed upon an Aristecratic basis, ig to surrender the resuita of victory; to reopen an unhappy CUPTTOVETRY; to place weapons in the hands of ver enemies, “It 18 our riz!it a8 conquerors asd our duty as patriots te re- organize the States of the South wpon the basis of imparti Siverty for ull. Lhe Negroes of the South are rearly ove-u al its population. They may be fenorant, bus they are loyal Wo won tie battle by therr aid, and we have no rizht to leave them helpless and disfranchised in the ha dsof ther ensues and vars. 1 we do se, we deserve and shall receive from the bands of ap avenging Providence the peu 2 v of our base in gratitude, We, therefore, jusist, as a con ition precedent of reconstruction, upon Constitutional guarantees from the South. ern States, We require that the Negro slall be recognized as a citizen, od farnished with the means «f acquiring education and prisons Iindependenee, that (he Rebellion shall be stigma tized and loyalty rewarded.” Phus reappears, after fur years of war and the slanghter of ball a million «f men the same contet f opinion which caused the strife, ¥s there no method of final adjustment If the Conservatives and Democrats combine, they may pos. sibly defeat the Radicals, They may even regain the reins f government in the Taion, in the South, and in a few Northern States. Bat this wil prove only a hollow triumph, They wili hinve fa led to silence the seruples, or to satisfy the cofivictions of the mass (f Northern men, The conscience «f the North will be arrayed against the coalition. The Negro gusstion will continue in the political arema, The vesult of continued agita. tion wil be a growing atienatton, £21 wed by a renewal of war, Tie hope of oprrate Nationality will be cheshed Ly the South, After a brief interval of apparent prosperity, the South, stung by syne sudden exasperation, or takiuyg advant. ape of some retional exigency, will again unfurl the secession bunrer, I'et weanwhila the great gu'f stream of European emigra- tion will haveoti I'poor-d in. The vast prairies of the North. West wil teers with urcounted myrinds of Lardy men. The unexam; lod resources of the Sonth of 1900 w ll be crushed vat by an overwhelning avalanche from the North af 1900 The result «f the contest will be renewed desolation; but liberty and union wil trinmiph, Pellow-citirens let ns avert this terrible figre. Let us perce upon on final settioment. Let all parties, in every State, Mo th and Soul, adops the following Constitutional Amend ent: 1. No State shall di<franchise any man 21 years of age, of sound mind, innocent of crime, and having been for three years a resident of said State, who can read and write sie Coustitu- tion of the United Siates, 9. No State shell prohibit, or prevent auy person from leara- to read and write, 4. No State shall diseriminate in regar ties, or pensl ies, between diff rent clisses of its population 4. No pelirteal disqualifications shall be hereatier enforced neatust auy persons engaged in tie late Rebellion, bat the same shalt be forever remitted. ‘The United States may enforce the above by appropriste log islation, 1a brief oor programme of Reconeil'ation is, EDUCATIONAL SUFFRAGE AND UNIVERSAL AMY ESTY. To the Ladical Repahiicans, this should be scceptanie. The prescribed qualifications ere within every man's reach, No ans is cosdemoed Ly them to permanent disfranchisement. If oitizenship is a natural right, 1s proper excercise is no less a duty. Without intelligence, votes have no meaning, aud indi cate uo choles, Prejuvice agalnst-color cannot lopg continue unless refnforced Ly the actudl ignorance and degradation of the close proscribed, Even the Amuesty clause, however con. wary to abstract jastice, or to prudent stesmanship, woy voll be conceded by a great aud magnanimous Nation, pro vided that Slavery, the arch-criminal, 18 abs lately destroyed, The present disticetion, excwpting trom parion and ¢itzen. abln ocriain Classes no more active por guilty iughe late Ro be lion than the less prominent and enterprising, is founded peither upon gorhiee por reason. And no human test can be applied wierehy the notuel relutdve gulit of inuividuals ean be ascertained, inn case where almos. every persou in a popale- tion of many millions was an active participant, To the Conservatives, it should be mcecptable as a final ad Justent of a chronle nationsl Irritation upon sp eusy aud Yradual basis. The chauge proposed will be a work of time, If effected, 1t will bo only after culture end effort have elevated tie Negroos to a Ligher plane, aud will apply orl tos cl as have qualified themaelves for the duties of citizenship. By an nev ih ute Cuuccwion ra the sn iY of the age it will disarm the future assaults of those wiiom the ith Considers its PLemien, ly a rule, urif rm and api] tog to ail States alike, it docs not tnfringe upon equal State rights, while it lays the foundation of a homogeneous and indestruetable nationality, Last but pot least, it will effect the great practical, polities) desideratam, Le, IT WILL TAKE THE NEGHO QUESTION FUKLVER OUT OF AMERICAN POLITICK, 1 am, sir, yours truly, N.Y, July 8, 10086, in d to civil rights, du es The Spirit of the South, To the Editor of The N. VV. Tribune. SIR: As you take great interest in all that per. talus to the South and her welfare, I have concluded to give you a few brief items which have come ander my own obser vation. 1aball confiue what I Lavo te say to the people in the middle portioa of Tennessoo, where my observations have been the woss exact and complete, It is dificult for gentle. men in your position to get at the true state of things in the portions of the South from which you get most of your infor. mation, It requires a man who has bees relsed South, and yet one who Las lived long enough In the North to beoomne Americanized, and to lose the biases which naturally lubere ia the Soutlbern charseter, to do justice to that peopls. In other words, he must bo safliciently sympathetic with Bouth- ero peculiarities, and yet strong enough in Northern common senso to get at thelr true feellsgs and purposes. The South eruer is outspoken and honest. Me wont foto the late combat with the issue fairly and squarely made up in his own mind, Ho fought it out and failed and his logic is, or was, befure Johnson beclonded bis vision, clear that having fared, be is at the mercy of ghe conqueror. The best minds of the Suuth saw this as clearly as Thed. Stevens; and those who control the South have a vast deal more respect for that gentle wan's reasoning than you would suppose from the present aspect of the oase. Of course, men there as here are selfish, and, if Jolosou's plan will give them more than yours, or Stevens's, they will not refuse it. It is an entire mis- take to suppose, however, that the intellizent classes of the South are afraid of the Suffrage question as proposed by yoo, and others of your party. If Amnesty and Inpartiad Suffrage had beon roposed when Leo surrendered, it would have been neoe without wurmar. This «ls believe that the negro can be controlled in the interest of the South instead of the North, It may seem strange to you, but I found that the so oafled Union men of the South are the negro's worst enemies, aud thai if you would seek the nogro's welfare, on must lwk to other quarters than to the professed Tnionists for help, Nothwithstandiog the entire talent und landed wealth of the State of Tennessee are disqualified fiom voting, and of course ualified from a participition in the periets organization of the State, I found gentlemen belonging the disfranchised portion of the peoples looking around 10 seo what could be done for the future of the froedmen, ‘They of course do not look to the Radicals for belp. us it is genes ally supposed down there that you ars doing all you ean to de- rive them of their posftion, wealth and personal influence, ‘bis portion of the Southern pe phe nave made up their minds to permanent disquelifioation, sad in this light you will un derstand the follow ing extract taken from a privaie letter ad dressed to the writer of this note, It is from one of the wost influential, moderate and philanthropic men in the South; and, while you may not spies with Lim fn sentimeat, you ean but admire the spirit that rvos through his I tter, of which this is a specimen. Tinny say that he is a falr sample of a large aud increasing 18 of micds now wnheard before a Northern sulence, ‘They Lave retired to the vack ground, simply beonusa they have no intimation from the Conservu- tives or the Radicals that their servicos are wanted, They are content to move along; glad to be freed, until the time comes, from the conflicting partisanship which now hells Tennessee and other Southern States in an fron grasp, I ean assure you thet they w respond to muy generous ue tion pro- yosed, Which Is likely to be carried, whether it comes from tadicals or Conservatives, A move on thelr part, under their present disquel fications, would only subject them to fresh m sults avd continued oppression, It wonid wot be a healthy oe- capation for them to bo er gaged, at this time, fu suce profit. lews labor, Bat to the extiaot: [but for my aversion to tampering with the Constitution, 1 should care very litle whether representation wus based on voters or on Federal numbers. Nor have I any such feeling against Negro Suffrage as to induce me to prefer remaining out of the Union for fear thai suffrage may be granted to the negro, The truth is, that bave no anxiety sbout the South being repre sented in Congress. What 1 desire is to seo tho South relieved of military law and of the ¥Ficedmen's Burean, and the restoration of ¢ivil law. I wonld ba perfectly willing to waive the right of representation in Cougress for five or ten years, it the North would agree to bot the Southern States try the experiment of self government for the sawe period, we failed to solve all the ditlicultics connected with the negro, 1 would then ba willlug that the North should resume her con trol over us, If the talent in the South was brought to bear through our State Legislatures, for five or ten years, we would wll the questions which the Northelnims the rizic of reli gforus To seenre the unrestrained privil we of mak Ing this experiment, 1 would gindly surrender the right to be represented in Congress and in the kl etorel Collage,” “ls IVE Fou tus extract wo show you the animus of the best minds of the Moyth—those to whom tae negro wust look fur guidance bo lis present helpless avd unprotected condiion, Suis class of winds are pever reached or feit by tho arowd of sort! re Union, Congress has uo right to go back of legn! qealf Pobemians who now infest that desolate reglo and who tions of mn Juan ho agpears the represent Acive of Santh OAs. write sensation paragraphs to timate apa catle the wy misguided mind of the North. removed, ft will be impossible for you and gentlemen in your position, to learn the fu/¢ truth in cegard to the state of the public mind Sonti. hat the Norih and South need most, is more charitsble constrneeton of each other's motives and ac- tions, and fill and tair response to each other's convie. tions; for to doubt that both are equally sincere is to question the hess inspirations of the human heart and to remand us back to an age when tbe doctrine of total depravity was para monut, I cannot close without mentioning a fact which will prove of especial interest to you, The negroes in Middle Tennessee are as a general role, at work and doing well, There seems to be the kindest relations existing between them and toeir late masters. ‘Lhe negroes prefer to return to LLoso who, formerly, were kind to them, and the masters are glad to get back those who had proved faithful, The old felines of kindness and af- fection are returning, and I look forwsrd to ses the day when the Soutliern white man shall continue to be the elder brother, leading this race to a fall aud perfect suftancidse went Washington, Juno 14, 18068, itl A MKebel View of the Constijutional Amends ment, To the Editor of The N. Y. Tribune. 4 Sik: As Tig TRIpUNB bas a reputation for fairness, I submit the following view of the proposed Constitutiona Amondment. Iam of that class, original Secessiouists, Who believed the only hope fur Constitution 1 1 berty was in a sepa- ration, Who are encirely disfranchised by their own choice, and have, theretore, no direct nor personal interest in these mat ters. Your Coustitutional Amendment only prohibits vs from doing that which wo never intend to do, nud can perceive no obligations of publie or private daty which will ever force us to do, It is, doubtless, necessary for some one to go to Cougress, as it 18 to do many other dirty things, for the good of society: hut we cannot fecl that sach is our duty, A view of your Amendment pom such a standpoint way juterest yon. You propose to destroy the beccssion, States Right, pro- Slavery, Aristoeratio domination in the Soutn, to breok it down and obliterate it. This is reasonally snl intel zible, To do that you render incompetent tobe 1 avy office, State or Federal, every wan who las ever held any vilice, rom constable OF PoBLNGSLEr 4b 4 Oross-TuAds, up, sil permitting ali te vote, 1 bis vou thivh will effectually deliver over tue South to tue Union camp-followers, and the Southern power will be forever paralyzed, if not made your ally. Soe how this works, Al wen f unadie age and upward in the Sout of any free or om, live held some office of some soit You know ali sre considered souorabie, Clief-Justice Rutthn, after thirty vend wei Vice ti the Supreme Court, resigued pid pecnme J ustice of Lie Penen, and Badger, retiaed from puvki@ ale, lo Lie Beicu of the Couaty Mug sirates, All such wen, Liviore, aie dis francolsed, aid Lie iargest majority are Sccessioniats ok pro- Suiveryites, They have weigor, taleie decision, olainuier, propery, toe ecmt «Ff puble service, and toe udvaulo® o popular applause, They form a phalanx power 1a ein, wn babel, aud in popularity, The iuseinleant miionty of men with Unies procavities. whoo Fou aisle ise, are beg: wives and count for nothing in eoLsisus of Wel uF lleus. how at vnee slik 22, y have not been Bat tie sotag wes who are the only cles wi I Qistranebised, wave (l veen tn the War, Leu 1 ald sul Every Gus worth a earirid ge has fought to toe vitter end, They aio our frienus, your envimies You force us to seect trom them, for all public crusts. The Coun urs 1s, the wiwle power of tue Blade goes to Lh Hands of Lhe Yeiy atistocrulic eleinent Fou propose, anu uv wo You thus disfranchise that Very clues wl edb Who wo would be willing to serve Yoh, aid Lures Us Lu adie ot vw the very 8s which is most inveteralely Lustig to Jou, Youi” brow (0 eafrauchise 8 mak by two-thisds vote of Congress is illusory and a eheat, condnet watch wold enable Lim to receive sueh a vote, woudl deatroy bim at wodl, enieschused by the Cougs wi Wurliagloo, he hou “3 deiurone., death be inflicted, It isonlyin the clear cases a the extreme penalty. A law abo Capital Pucishment, and substi ime prisoument for life, would be law to protect the mur and to forbid bis being slain, And it would him the whole power of the State, and at a great e plainly the business of those who advocate such a law tos gome claims that the murderer has to the gratection of society, If hie were not thus protected, he would lose his life. Ioan see good reasons why the community shuld interpose to wy the question of Lis guilt, and, if the guilt 1s established, to puy him to death, Such action of the com munky supersedes irregn. lar violence and revenge on the part of mobs and the relatives of the murdered map, But when the communily has tried him and ascertained Lis guilt. 1 can see no reason for iis luterposis tion to protect hia life. You do sot prop se imprisousent for re ation, with a view to turn the wi derer out by aud by, when Lis reformation is complete. You propose to keep him sagely and securely so long aa be lives. 1 respectitily ask fo’ a Rood reason for this, ou insist that executions exert a persicicns influence, 1X agree that public executions are woproper, Lhey should nok be made the occasion for a holida made a public show, I'he more privately they may be ol luctad the better. evils may attendant on executions, If so, they do not stan alone. Divorce trisls, Jike the Bureh case, avd the Strong ease, are attended with much evil, Still, T do not know th oa or any one else 8 10 do away with them, Some ey) attends every thing fo 1h4s world. The apfetites are all Aomsed end yet have their pro Public worship private de votion, many acts of charity, and even a bimueless life, may be made, and are made, occasion: friibaldry, blasphemy avd other wickedness, on the pare-of low lived and reckless men, There is nothiug good which man does not pervert. I am positive that a murder trial 18 the occasion of touch more evil than ai execution for murder a8 now practiced in this State, Good men would pot commit MUFAEr if there Was 00 law te punish that erime, It fs the hardened, the reckless, the un. prineipled, the.nen of brutal Jusiioeis ana unregulated pos. sions, who cowmit this crime. That the leur of death exerts an influence to deter sneh ruffians from murder, 1 have no sory: of doubt. And if if this tear saves Lue Lift of one good man in, 10 years, that voe Lfe is woith more than the lives of a dozen 4 willful murderers. 1 insist that she pulilie good 1s the only qu: stion to be eon. sidered 10 determioivg what disposition sia bo made of the willful warderer, If taking his 1 fo sbull telp to protect the: innocent, it is the extreme of squesinisluess 10 tabs about avy rights of the gun iste murderer. Respeeifully, MB Carthage, N. Y. The Valley of the Eennessce. To the Editor of The N. Y. Tribune. Now that the tide of emigration is setting to our shores: from the Old World, and on account of the abolition of Slavery, the South is opened up to free labor, I desire te contribute my wite to the gene al fund of iuformation uecessary to the emigrant iu seleeiing a Lome, 1 consider Tennessee superior on inuLy accounts to sny other Southern or South-Western State, because L. This State possesses one of the most salubrious el}. mates in the world, 2. Ttis a notorious fact that the Tennessee River Coun. try has been almost entirely cxempt from the visitations of cholera and other epidemic seourges. 3. Water is pure and abundant; iu fact, it is by all odde the bestswatcred country I ever saw, 4, ‘Lue soil yrelds abundant crops of cotton, corn, wheat, tobacco, ete. 5. Extensive forests, in primeval grandepr, extend as fay. as the eye can reach, aud the numerons cpocks and mall ny. ors that intersect the country, world furnish motive powez- suficient to drive the mmeninery of the world, These streams teen with lish, apd the Tues s abound in game, The farmer can supply his table with tiant, perch, &e., by an hour's use of ihe rod; or with bie rifle in the same. time, with squimrel, will turkey, or venison, 6. There i8 an inexhaustible supply of iron ore easily ne. could vot be elected consul de to A dolluers precinci Low of OUF Foul tien are diequaliliod under the propos: d Lxcigding the West Pont wen, any arvod uw J gue general olberr, and po Ged Giger tpn Lhis Site, Told d by it. 4 uss your aeadiient, fueicl re Gud bao Nb oaasa ie Union teen of toe South are effect.vely squelchiod; Lhe pov al, hed; i Lor KeReLULIonN, Passes at once Ito Lov Banos of these wan foumhd Luu nuk, Colibivieu bY Luvs Was dub sed and brougih u on! (mg TrivUse is a fair paper. and a odd ore, It fa not afraid of way d gsm, and L buve never noticed that itd aged log Dut 10s ciwuys Willing Ww nec su arguiucul Ie Laere muy answer LO Lhe View sulmitica vi any porsonul 1uterest in these watiers, We v0seiv0 Lue ji gress of (he doctrines of the Social Cuntinct” and kau 1 13 wath tue sume puilosophie spiril ol luguicy aud davesii gotion that we rofoi to be dislutegratlon ui person 1 nigits wouer Aurelian, and Divelemnn, wud Copspanuine, the ag re Calon ul ad power in 8 Coli ob eeULeR, aiid the perieot, dowd devel egasiity of ul clisses fore the Laprivr and Lis Court All were equil Def ire the mw, Sod Lee Taw Wis reo. but oo Bospor Bouse the gy Ww, EB Kalen, N. C., Jue 1g, i260. Remarks. ~The particular elaaze of tha proposed Constitujonal Amendment which J." eriticiats we care iittie sbout. The fact that ho (who fought in the Rebel ranks through the War, aad became a Ma- jor-Gene ral in its service) evidently dislikes this clause, is about the best argument for its adoption we Lave met, The only feature of his letter that mueh interests us is bis unconscious admission that be end his com- patriots are at heart just as mach Rebels us they ever were, and only not iu arms because Giunt, Saeruan Co. knocked them out of their hands. Asking at- tention to this point, we leave his logic to be its own best refutation. Ed. Trib. se The Preeduen's RBurcon-—~C apt. Bryant of the Loyul Geprgina in Reply to Gea, Lilison, To the bottor of The N.Y Tribune. SIR: Mr attention has been ealled to a letter from Gen. Davis Uilisog, Assistant Commissioner reedmen's Ba renu, wr Geargla, io which be gocs ont ol Lis way to as tall we, ko says: “Thad: I Lave not suppressed Ths Loyal Georgian, that per us Lig owed as usual, simply pieveutod the editor from padlisbing on Laeateing oder which Le bud addr ssed me, ang wii If published, would have led to violence A wunrd was placed over the office of The Loyal Georgian, aud no reason @iven for eo doing, but an attempt was made to force we to submit the proof of the paper to Gen, Tilisor, be fore it was sued, 1 relased to sulin to a wlitary eensor- slip while disloyal papore throughout the State are perai ted to bring oulum on dyad men wud tie csuse tiey advocate, Gen. Telson did aot prevent sue fiom peboshing a threatening letter, because I bad no identivn of doing so, I am deter: wiieu to expose the officers of the Frordwen's Bureau in this Sta'e who have .1:d 10 protect the freedwen, and it woald be gratifyrig 10 ew, Tilson, 5o douvt, if be could suppress ail articles tat do not suit hw, fjus ELE SEH ‘I rave in my possession coples of The Loval Georgian of the 9h and 16ch 10st, Fue first contains tusuildog remnrks shout mysef, and the latter coords ao amicle callug upon tie cuore: people of tis city wo come forward with toeir $1, 35 ud $10 as a present 10 tue editor, wich are not found tn the Latter eopies of the same issue of that piper, The false and mahcions attneks made upon wyself in The Loyal Georgian were veo, sloned by the fiet that tiv editor Fal been ofticilly reported to me as engaged in obtaining money ifm the colored people wader fase pretenses, and that, io the legit mate per. oi mance of wy datf J was comp 01 to interfere and protect thew agaist hu, t erchy cutting oil a large portion of bis ia- come,” By mistake w certain remark, which Gen. Tillson ealls “losuiting,” wasinscrted in ao article, pubiishied tu The Loyal Gengion of the Nh logtaut, As soo 0s I uoticad the mis tak, 1 stopped tne pré¥s and bad it correct d, This was fully expla be the Grperal (Cior vle Phe agosto e Loyal Geor, without knowledg gerted in the issue of Lhe 16th Avid a perder Mion A “ec Jored man,” calling upon the colores people of Augusta to meet at 8 oertuin store and “nko up a purse” to be presented to me. The reason was that I had beeu “good aud fail ful friend” to the colored peopls, snd it was proposed to “prove to the workl tuat we (the oulored citizens) are grateful peo- ple.” This communication was taken out when the «ity edmion Lad been struck off. I was pleased to know that the freed men regarded me as a good und faithful friend,” but I shoa'd have declined to publish the communication if it had been subinitted tome, As i: was inserted without my couseat or kuowledge, I siould not be censured, even if it were wron to tosert the article. Iam surprised that the General shoul a lode to this subject, for he was informed of the fact that 1 koew nothing of the communication antil I saw it io the paper, before bis leiter to Tue Trin YE wos written, It is not true that the attacks wade npon @&en, Tillson, in The Loyal Georgian, were occasioned by the faet that the editor had been reported as engaged in obtainipg money from the colored people under false pretenses. My relations with Gen, Tilson anid Lis funaly were of a friendly character pre. vious to the “eemetery ntfair.”” When his attention was called to the account of that affair in The Loyal Georgian of May 6, he sent for we to come to his office, where Le assalied mo with the moat profane and ungentlemanly langusge. Since that tirie he has ussaned me in almost every conceivable manner, Hoviog been informed that he had made charges of a serious nature sgainst wy private character, 1 addressed to him a letter, denying the charges, and asking shat a committee wight be appointed, before which I would appear snd meet all ohurges that shomd be brought against me, with the under. stanuing that toe report of the committee shoakd be published, He refused to sppuiut the committee, but continued to repeat the charges, 1t is not"trun that T have obtained money from colored peo- ple ander filse pretenses. Liis lio 18 concocted to injure the came that 1am advocating, and I am surprised tbat Gen, Tilson should repeat it, 1 have made no “false and malicious attacks” upon Gen. Tilson, Iam prepared to prove eli tbat 1 bavo said. He bas not protected the Freedmen, aod L shall say so: but I shall not stoop to personal abuse as be has done. only erime is thet I am true to the cause of human freedom, will refer all persons who may be bercio ivterested to Major-Gen. Rufus Saxton, under whom served for more than two years, 1 um, Sir, very respectfully, J. E, BRYANT, Late Captain 8th Me, Vol. Infantry. Augusta, Ga, Juhe 2%, 1805, tl THE DEATH PENALTY, To the Editor of The N. Y. Tribune, Sik: I thauk you for the insertion of my former article in your paper of the 21st of June, If you are satistied with what you said by way of reply, I certainly am. You say that I am precluded from impartially judzing whother the legal inflietion of death exerts a beneficent or por- nicious influence,” I purpose now, with your permission, to waive the Bibly argument, and to consider tho matter solely on the principles of reason, Ido not understand you and others who advocate the abolition of Capital Punishment to deny al! right of the civie magistrate to panish murder, L helova you generally advo: cate imprisonment for life as a subsiitula for denth, vou ta'k about the “God-given right ta life,” and deny that aan {hoe woven, Bat liberty is a8 Sowe ol can lan fully take away what Ge voueh a gift of God as life, You dre, Lowever, that, thongh Yiberty is God given. it wy be foil ited for crime, If the safety of tie community paquires ob, Way lilo may not ha thus f feited as as ber y. bo 110 y can be give Do you say that Lhe ty way be restored wud life cannot, and that, in cases where the innogengs of the party is after ud shown, tuere is pu teedy if the i ity has beeg Lang: dr 1 answer that in 0 case where there is aev doubt of guilt slovid toanth Ancubly the Slawery was before the Legislature for its ratification, eessible; and within a few miles of v here I write, are mineral springs, whose waters by analysis coupare favors ably with the cclebrated Greenbriar a Virgiis, This State sutiered terribly by the war, but is fast ro. cuperating. fer political future is assured. Loyalty has the ascend. ant, and will continue to maintain it, We want Northern capital, enterprise, energy, to develop those great natural resources, ‘I here is plenty of laud ui Lis COUBLY, &8 pro- ductive as that in your far-famed Geneseo Valley, that can be bought for $10 to $20 per acre. No State excels this in its adaptedness for fruit, partially ap; los, peaches, ums, and grapes, 1 eonld ill colmmnns with interesting A seriptions of natural scenery, ete., tnt time forbids, Allow me to say that 1 will take pleasure iu answering any» inquiries respecting the country from those who wish tos intorin themselves further, if they will address we either here of at Decaturville, where I reside. Ly the way, a charter has been obtained to extend fle railroad from Nashville to Memphis, which will pass through or near this town and Deeaturvilie. ‘The price of lana here ranges from $1 to $25 per acre. Agiin say to ciaigrants: 1 you want to obtain all the advantages U huve cuumerated, in your choice of 8 new home, come to this section of Tens nessee, AMO: SUURTLIFP. Lindsn, Perry Co., Tenn, June 27, 1:06, ee ——s Letter from Ur, Blackbi ra. To the Editor of The N. Tribune. Sig: From alate paper of yours I. learn that yor have grossly misrepresented me, You state that I endeavored, during the late Rebellion, to introduce smali-pox into New. York City. Although a Rebel in every seceptation of the term, I never was abeard o vessel during the war, but in netive field daty most of the time and afterward on hospital duty. Although I have been a great sinner, “so called,” I Lave never yet been so dabased as to scatter pestilence among. non-combatants, Had you been ne:r where men bled snd dled,” as I have beon, yon would not, unadviscd, have ah tempted to injure the reputation of ome who ucver did yoa ony jury, Lhe Yankees despoued me of ol wy property. Gen, Sterman burned my cotton, mansion, and his troops robbed my wife of her jewelry and silverware, This may have been right; over iil aave shed vo tear. I glory in bein, thought worthy of their LeTish cruelty, Although bereft 02 roperty. 1 am glad to know that a princely estate hss been ot me in Scotland, where I can go and Live hike a white man, Yet I desire to remain in this country. I have loved the “Stars aud Stripes with a devotion that av ovoted to enthae siesm. 1h. e served under its spoticss purity when every fecman venerated it, Once a surgeon in the Upiled States. Navy, 1 sever dicawed tat 1 shoud find wjsellon antago. istic ground. But so it has been, If the principles of thes Radieal majority goin supremacy, then away with copstito tiounl liberty. It Presiocut Johason be sustained, I expeet to live aud die and be vuried iu tie United States, Will you ae we the justice to publish this nute iv justice to wysell, Respectfully, J.C, C ATHOUN BLACKBURN, Late Surgeon C. 8. Kingston, Ga., July 12, 18066. o- et Practical Entomology. To the Editor of The N. Tribune. Sik: Allow a plain fariuer to call the atttention of your readers who may be cultivators of the soil, whether ix. field, garden, or city lot, to the importance of their en- deavoring to aequire some knowledge of the insect depre dators that often consume so large a share of the productos as to be a serious drawback to their protits and enjoyments. It is not desirable that all men should be thorough ento- mologists, but all stould be observers of the wondrous creations by which we are surrounded, and thus all way become practical if not scicntitic devotees to this depart ment of human knowledge, So much it behooves every farmer to be, in his own self-defense, and this measure of” the subject he can easily master, For the benefit of ny fellow-students I desire to call. their attention to cheap periodical which, being full of valuable matter this subjoet, will be of the greatess service to them, as it has been to myself, and to the thou- sands of others 314 Harly situated. 1 refer to 7%he Pract: cal Entomologist, printed monthly by the devoted mem bers of the Philadelphia Entomological Society, at No, 518 South Thirteenth-st., and sent to subscribers for 50 centes a year, All farmers and gardeners iu the United States should be indueed to su for this useful periodical. Mew York, July 10, 1856. w. a Kansans and Senator Lane. To the Pditor of The N. Y. Tribune: Sir: My attention has just been called to an article: in yesterday's World, in which it {s intimated that the death o¥ Senator Lane will create great changes fn the Republican party of Kansas—that, in short, it will be the prelude to the dimntegration of that party. Allow me to state that the Re- blican of Kansas has existed independent Vid fd tok A] since his ae ee of the Freedmen's Bureau bill, and cal in no way be by Lis death, aa tn prin Juite obrivge to a resident of na Site at the w o Democera ty kept out in cold for bd purty Ht knee to because thoy would not bo slavery, aud whose glory it is that they have left a larger per cent «f dead heroes upon the battlefields of the Union than any other State, will not soon be wanting in materiale ous of” wlich to form a& very safe opposition to the Rebel-loving De Bouracy, lam, Sir, yours touly, KaNeas. New-York, July 8, 1666. tl The Best Drink in Wars Weather, To the Editor of The N. Y, Tribune. Sir: I wich to suggest the expediency of intro ducing a drink composed of molasses, ginger and ice-water, for the multitudes who throng our streets almost perisbing with thirst, Any person with a eapitul of 85 cnn at once commence: a business that will yield twice timt every duy. All the outlay wonld be, the cost of a geod water tight barrel, with a bole in the top end large enough to drop in a Lirke piece of di have 8 fancet just above the otuer Lead, trom which to li the tumblers as w suted, £wo gallons of good molasses to a barrel of 30 gallons of water, and ginger to make it woud be a drink perfectly safe, wid ten times botlor than any other drink for warm weather ever invented, Mave adjoining a Yo of pure ice-water, which would enable each one to dilate thas drawn from the barrel in case it should be too sweet. L Let enoh a drink be established 1a every street in the city, and very few would des se whisky or otber inflaming drivks, For over 40 years I have frecly used this drink, not only with- out ir jury, but with great benefit. The whole cost of water, umbler, would not exceed half tor, molahes and giver fur 8 CDC en Gout ae It could Do drawn, PEN. FRANKLIN. P. 8. T think 500 barrels of this drink could have been yesterday had it bec ia readies. —p—— The Tou, 8S, F, Taugrakam, Tv Ae Editor of The N. V. Tribune Sra: I notice in the report of delegates elected from the City of New-York to the Philadolphis Convention, fonsd ou the eighth page of this morning's TRIBUNE, the name ot {ya Hon. Kidney P. Ingrabem, elected, with the Hon, Fer santo Wood, ta vepresont the Ninth District, It may be well to note that the on, 8, P, Ingraham represented the Sevens Assemlly of this dment abolishing and ind’ UBSELYAA Disteigt of this city inthe State at Do the Constirutional Amen Lis voue stands recorded against the amegdment, New-York, July 17, 1806.

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