New-York Tribune (New York [N.Y.])
June 15, 1866

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III fe NEW-YOKK DAILY TRIBUNE, FRIDAY, JUNE I5, 1866. GEORGE DUNBAR,

NO. 46 PINE-ST., NEW-TORK, BUYS AND SELLS +000 MORTGAGE BONDS AND RAILWAY SECURITIES Ap EVERY DESCRIPTION, NOT SOLD AT THE STOCK EX TELEGRAPH AND LXPRESSERS' STOCKS. ALL TELEGRAPH AND EXPRESS STOCKS ON HAND READY FOR IMMEDIATE DELIVERY. TTORRICE GREAT W 1 STERN ONSOLIDATED O11 (OXPANT, N 1966 No #1 Broap-ar., NEw) Jute 1 GENERAL “YOKK. J N MEETING of the SHAREHOLDERS 4 in this Company wil! be held on the 1th inst. a! 3 gach pm full snd prompt attendance is requested. By order of the re hand romip sfisaduics 1 fees "BOARD OF TRUSTEES, STATE oF ILLINOIS, TREASURES 8 OFFicE, sSprinerieLy, May 29. 1560, ThE INTEREST on the PUBLIC DEBT of the Siate of 1linois, matoring on the first MOND AY in July. 1866, «i be paid at the OCEAN NATIONAL BANK of the City of New- ork, on the second to the sixteenth dav. inclusive, of July, 1866, JAMES H. BEVERIDGE, State Treasurer. FICE OF MAYNARD TIEMANN, MINING ENGINEERS AND CONSULTING HEMISTS No. 240 Pearl st. New York, and Centra! City, Colorado. New-York. June 8 1066, Haring just returned from California, 1 wish to notify my friends and the public that I will reopen the Laboratory in a few dave J. Ii. TIEMANN. [RAYELING CREDITS on Messer. J MOR. A GAN Co, LONDON (Successor: to (GEO. PEABODY Co.), wvalable mn the orincioa! cities of El ROPE and the FAST, issued by DABNEY MORGAN Co., No. Exchange: plata Banking fonses and Bankers. VERMILYE CO. No. 44 WALL-ST., BANKERS AND DEALERS GOVERNMENT STOCKS COMPOUND INTEREST NOTES. CLOSING PRICES. NEWYORK, June 14, 1566. Buy-' Sell ing. ing. Rezictarad, Clo... 06 he} Jane, 7.30. .ccccervnnnns SUDO Bhexs pe pexs lio! 110] July, T.30..sr.s 6 2) Registered, '62.. 102} 102; June, C. I. Notes, 20 Coupon, "62... 1024 1023 July, C. I. Notes $20 Coupon, "64.. 10241 12] Aug, C. 1. Notes, 16 620 on, "65.... 10! 102110¢t., C. 1. Notes y i 95! Dec., C. 1. Notes, 186 Sofi 96!) nN 563 Cu 100i 1004 C. I. Notes, 1865 41 1064 weanensscnsy HTH IMT a Cele N 0.s! 106 10€4 August, T30........ 0 M23] 1024!0ct., C.) Notes, 1865..] 1055, 1053 JJANBING HOUSE JAY COOKE CO. CORNER WALL AND NASSAU.STS., NEW-YORK. Wo bay and sell at the wost liberal carreut prices, snd Koep oa heud 3 luli supply o GOVERNMENT BONDS OF ALL ISSUES, SEVENTHIRTIES CERTIFICATES OF INDEETEDNESS, AND COMPOUND INTEREST NOTES, And sxscute orders for purchase and sae of STOCKS, BONDS, and GOLD ia TERA JAY COOKE Co. IPPMANN ELLERY, “4 BANKERS, No. 29 BROAD-STREET, Dlowmbars of the New-York Stock Exchange, DEALERS IN EXPRESS AND TELEGRAPH STOCKS. Al the various issues boneht and sold, end cash advances made. Jous MUNEOE Co., AMERICAN BANKERS, No. 7 RUE SCRIBE, PARIS, AND No. 8 WALL-ST.,, NEW-YORK, Jssas Cirealar Letters of Credit for Travelers in all parts of Europe, &c. &0. Also Commercial Credits. J OHN MUNROE Co., AMERICAN BANKERS, HAVE REMOVED FROM No. 3 RUE DE LA PAIX 0 No. RUE SCRIBE, PARIS. =F ISK HATCH No. 5 NASSAU-ST. BUY and SELL AT MARKET RATES ALL DESCRIPTIONS GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. ACCOUNTS of BANKS, BANKERS end RECEIVED on favorable terms. t% COLLECTIONS MADE THROUGHOUT THE UNITED TATES AND CANADAS, CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT ISSUED. BANKERS. BROKERS. <8 HialERg A AW 2, SF TiBroadway NY. “gp. oluers BUY AND SELL: AMERICAN EXPRESS STOCK. ADAMS FXPRESS STOCK. UNITED STATES EXPRESS STOCK. WELLS, FALGO C€O.'S EXPRESS STOCK. MERCHANTS UNION EXPRESS STOCK. AMERICAN TELEGRAPH WESTERN UNION TELEGRAPH STOCK. UNITED STATES TELEGRAPI STOCK FRACTIONAL SHAKES of Exp ees and Telegraph Stock. HOLDY IS having either or all of the soove-named secorities for wale will find en lwwediste market turough us, at the MOST FAVORABLE MATES. STATE OF New- YORE FANK DEPARTMENT ALBANY, April 25, 1666, rOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, pursuant to Chap- ter 285. Laws of 1259, snd 47¢ Laws of 160d, that the Cirealsting otes issued to the BANK OF NEW YORK. louking Association ocated in the City of New-York. will be redecined at par, by the Su- rinteudent of the Benking Department, on presentation at the NA- SIONAL MECHANICS AND FARMERS BANK in the City of Albany, for six years fiom the date vereof, and vot thereefler. The outstanding Ciren atin Notes of the said Dank must be pre nted. as sforesaid, within six years from the date hereof; od pi sBotes which shal! not be presented for redemption and payment within the time thus specified will cease to be a charge upon the fund the bands of the Superintendent for that Qurpuse. law Ap27 G. W. SCHUYLER. Saperinten8ent. A—————— et et ete ema STATE OF NEW-YORK, DANK DAPARTMENT, Areaxy, April, 25 1%60 NOTICE 1S HEREBY GIVEN, pursuant to Chap- IN ter 236, Laws of 1656, and 476 Laws of 1065, that the cliculating aotes issued to the Phenix Bank of the City of New York—a B.nuking associsidon, located tn the City of New York—wiil be redeemed, at by the Superintendent of the Henking Department, on prescuts- fon at the New-York Sta‘e National Bank, in the City of Albany, for six years from the dete hereof, and not thereafter The outstanding cirem sting notes of the said Bank must ba pre. sented. as aforesaid, within six years from the date hereof; and all nates whick shall not be presented for redemption and payment within the time thus specified wll cease to be a cLaige upon the fund in the Sands of the Superintendent for that purpose. lawbnio anrdl G. W, SCHUYLER, Soperintendent, Nox BANK AT DOVER. Doves, N J., March 26, 1866, This Bank having sorrendered ite charter snd cessed business, ®OTICE is hereby given tha! the outstanding cirenlating notes issued ®y the Union Bank a* Dover will be redeemed by ite President and Uasbier in the villsge of Dover, and by the Mercantile National Dank Mn the City ot New-York; and that each circulating notes must be pre- ated within ONE YAR from the date of this notice, or the funds id by the Bank forthe redemption of such outstanding notes will be distributed among its stockholders, This notice is given in accordance with the provisions of au act of Lhe State of New-Jersev, entitled An Act to ensb'e the 'nion Bauk at Dover. in the County of Morris. to €.08e its business. liquidate its outstanding liabilities. and redeem its elrouleting notes within a limited time,’ avpr Mares 20, 1806. G. M. HINCHMAN, President. {lawit]

Lavings Lanks. JRANELIN SAVINGS BANK, CORNER OF 'EIGHTH-AVE. AND FORTY-SECOND ST INTEREST COMMENCES JULY 15 SIX PER CENT AND FREE OF TAX. Nix PER CENT INTEREST PAID, FIEE from Government Tax On Sums from $1 to $5,000. Money deposited now will draw inter est from July 1. THIKD- AVE. RAVINGS BANK, Dhaai ae C rier f Tw envy +i vth end Third ave SX PER CENT, free from GOVERNMENT TAX. CITIZENS SAVING BANK, No. 858 BOWLRY, CORNER OF CANAL.ST. Interest on a!) amor. ots from five to five thousand dollars. Money deposiced now will draw luterest from July J, Diwidend Notices Tue Nisru NatiosaL BANK, YT No 363 BROADWAY, NEw YORK tune 12, 1866 DIVIDEND of FIVE YER CENT, (free of Gov- ernment tax) has thls day beeu declared, piyable on aod after uly 2, Wo be Transfer books will be closed on the 20th inst, to re open on ie 24 July welt Ey order of the Board, os JOHN T. HILL, Casbier. Urrics ov Tire Resse, Fine Co) oom No. 23, No. Broedat. A QUARTERLY DIVIDEND of (10) TEN PER CENT. in cosh, will be paid to the shareholders of this Company an the twentieth of June next. Tisusler books will be closed from the Moths Lili iow tis of June inclusive. By order of the Trustoes. LJ. PEASE. ve. Trainer, a SILVER-MINING INTHEUNITED STATES, a AOW IT NAS BEEN DONE, AND IOW IT OUGHT TO BE DONE—ITS SUCCESSES AND FAILURES, PROSPECTS AND POSSIBILITIES. Orrick or TE TRIBUNE, NEW-YORK, June 11, 1866, Mr. J. B. CRIPPEN, President International Silver Mining Com- pany, No, 26 Pine-st., New York: My Dear Sig: 1 gladly comply with your request, for a brief statement of my views touching Pah-Ranagat Valley and Sliver Mining generally. I Lave not visited the valley, but in Balt Lake City Tmeta number of genticmen, who had just come from it, and con curred in declaring it one of the richest regions on the cont negl. They exhibited specimens of very valuable silver ore, which they asserted were found in abundant veins, They also gave me the finest heads of wheat I ever saw, raised in the valley by Indwns, who cultivate the ground with erooked sticks, If the ore prove rich, and easily extracted, the loca. tion, —80 near navigable waters, —and the climate, —permitting out-door work throngh the woole vear,—would seem to render it the most favorable region for silver mining yet found in the United States. x Of Silver-Mining in general volumes might he written, 1 can only give von, in brief, my improsions, after visiting all our quarts regions, except Arizona: i. Of the total capital invested in quartz mining in the various States and Territories, I think fully 80 per cent has been absolutely wasted. In all the Guartz regions expensive machinery is scattered about rostivg aud wasting, aud costly quartz mills ere standing idle, IL The philosophy of this is very simple. In wild excite. ments, capitalists have entered upon quartz mining with in- credible recklessness. Mining is business and vet gawthling. They have done it as men play monte, or buy lottery tickets, and have reaped the proper reward of their folly in invest ments which prove very permanent indeed, 111. Their first prime mistake is buying property withont proper investigation, upon certificates and reco nmendutions of interested or irresponsible parties, Anything can be proved in a mining region—the highest merits for the poorost mines, just as the most worthless scoundrels ean a'ways exhibit the est letters of recommendation. I would undertake to deinou- strate by assays, oral testimony, oflicial certificates and aflid vits pile heaven-high, the existence of any desired mine, in any desired locality, between the Missouri River and the Pa. cific Ocean. Capitalists buying miuing property should do exactly as they would in buying uny other propery: either go in person, or send some entirely trustworthy agent from tie Losi, or San Francisco, to exauine 1t thoroughly, betore one dollar is paid. IV. Tue second grand mistake is too mock laste in erect. ing machinery. Companies generally suppose that their for. tunes are made the moment their mill is erveted, and therefore build costly works, betore ascertaining whether they have any mine or not, Af their mive prove good, their mill suffers while standing for it to be opened. If it prove wortlless, the mid is a dead loss. First open the mine, take out 5% or 1,000 tuns of pav.ore, before bringing the mill upon the ground, and then you know exactly what you have, V. In purchasing wines pay no attention to assays. Speci. wens of ore which assay $10,000 to the tun, may be taken from veins, which are not worth 10 cents in the aggregate. Tiere is no way of testing a vein except to take out a few tuns of pay-ore, carry it to the nearest will, whether 10 yards or $0 miles away, and bave it gronud. The bullion w hich it turns ont is resnlt. The certificate of the assayer for all prac tical purposes is were speculation. VI Toe mines being selecied and opened, almost every- thing depends upon the superintendent, He requires a thorough Loowledge of rock, of ore, of all the details of min. ing aud crushing, combined with perfect integrity and good business judgment. Such a man is fuvaluabie. With patience and care, Lhe may usually be found in some subordinate posi tion in ono of the older mining regions, VIL Io spite of the ineredidle recklessness and blunders of our quartz mining in the past, in spite of the fact that it was a new pursuit, with everything to learn, and one which could on'y be carried on in remote inaccessible regions, where expenses were enormons, it has already grown to one of the very 'eading industrial interests of the United States. Our gold and silver product for last year was about one hundred millions of dollars, fully uine-tenths of it from our quartz mines, and two or three- tenths of it from our silver mines, yct it is less than five years vince our silver mining began. This little cloud, no larger than a man's band, will yet cover munch of our financial hori. zon. Within ten years afier the cars ran from ocean to occan, 1 believe our annual product of prectons metals will reach five bundred millions of dollars; fully one hall from silver mines, VI1L I have iofioite faith in siver misiog, if properly con- ducted. Not ouly is it most fieeinati yarsait, a grand national and industrial interest ye! in its wfaney, but it affords pigher inducements than any other enterprise 1 know, for the Judic ious investment of capital, Itoulv demands the same cir- eamspection, wisdom and good judgment requisite to success in any other legitimate pursuit. Men must embark in it, ex. actly as they would manofacture paner or sell dry goods. The Gould Curry wine of Virginia, Nevado, oaly twelve hundred feet long, has netted its owaers tive millions of dollars. The first mill in Egan caiion, paid for itself In less than ninety dave. The Morning Star, the pioveer mili of Owyhee, Idaho, cost seventy thousand dollars, and during its first forty-five rusning days, turned out wively thousand dollars in bullion. Of course these are exceptional cases, and there are scores of failures against these shining successes. Dat I do not remem. ber having seen a single company fail, which ought not to have failed, ard wonld not bave failed in any other business con- ducted in the marner 10 which it attempted silver mining. Wishing you great success in your new undertaking, end confident that you will attain it if the enterprise is conducted upon common business principles 1 am, taishfaliy your friend, ALBERT DD RICHARDSON. LAW INTLLLIGENCE, i UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT—Ji NE l4.«=Defore Justice SMALLEY. AN ACQUITTAL. Owen Earley, alias Albert Owens, was placed on trial this morning, charged with baving $172 in counterfeit 50-cent currency in Lis possession, with an intent to pass the same. The jury, after being cut but a short time, returned with a verdict of not guilty, and the orisoner was discharged. i TU. 8. GRAND JURY. The Grand Jury of the U. 8. Court for the S8outh- ern District of New-York are now holding their sessions in this city, The followicg gentlemen compose the Grand In- nest: Hon. F. A. Conkling, foreman; Charles H. Delavan, L. B. Atterbury, Francis I. Farocll. Charles Abernathy, Jeremiah Reed. J. C. White, B. Butler, Charles Fanning, Peter 8. March, A. BE. Ludlow, Theodore Crowell, Charles W, Hol brook, John H. Timpson, 8. XK. Green, Wm. DeGroot, J. E, Ebling. A. A. Peterson. Anthony Dugrow, W. A, Fraukiin, C. L. Goddard and I. V, Husted. SUPRIME COURT—CuavBERS—JUNE 14. —Defore Justice INGRAVAM DECISIONS, Perez Friderberg et al agt. Christopher Doherty, Motion denied with costs. Rebeeea Fossing agt, E. D. Jones et al.— Motion denied; costs to abide event. Wm, C. Clark. gon agt. Chas, P. Woodwortbh.—Judgment opened go far as to allow a trial on payment of costs, Judzment to siand as se. curity, &c., &c. Danforth N. Barney agt. Otio Burstenbinder, &c.—Motion to discharge from arrest denied, gail reduced to 820,000. Thos, J. Walsu sagt. Peter Morris, &c.—~Motion granted. SpicIalL TrrM—JUNE 14 Before Justice Portree AN INJUNCTION AGAINST THE NEW-JERSEY CENTRAL RAILROAD COMPANY. The People of the State of New-York agt. the New-Jersey Central Railroad Company. Thiz case came up on a demurrer Ww a complaint in a suit brought by plaintiffs, restraining defendants from filling in certain lands and erecting buildings on the west gide of the Jersey shore, below Jersey City, which it 1s claimed under the treaty of 1833 is within the jurisdiction of the plaintiff The defendants demurred to the complaint, and claimed that under the treaty there is nothing which ean prohibit New. Jersey from erecting piers and cutrances from our shores, and that the defendants are actin; under a eharter from the State of New Jersey, (Case argued; decision reserved, Horney. General Martindale for plaintiffs; ex-Judge Woodruff, Mr. Frelipghuy:en, and J. C. Dimmick, for defendant-. pra SUPERIOR COURT—Srrciar TerM—=J UNE 14, —Before Jus. tice MCUUNN, Jno. M. Cooly agt. David Jacobus—Wm. Bruce agt. Jag. Taylor.—Motions granted. Before Justice MoNELL, Chas. B. Allen agt. Furman F, Menager.—The order in "this case does not conform to the decision. —(Papers with clerk at Chambers.) spat MARINE COURT Just 14. —DBefore Judge ALKER. SALE OF ROPE=—WAIVLR OF WARRANT BY NEW CONTRACT. Whitehill agt. Maher.—=The plaintiff sold a nomber of coils of rope to the defendant, by sawple, and on calling for payment was informed that the rope was defective in quality and not like the sample, The plaintiff then made a deduction and received part payment, when the defendant refused to pay the balance due of $200, declaring the rope was rotten and that he had paid ail it was worth, and that he had never ordered the last dozen of coils. The plaintiff did not see it in that light, and brought sult, recovering judgment for mmount claimed and costs, Roswell D. Hatch for plamtiff; Wakeman Latting for de- fondant. a COURT CALENDAR THIS DAY. SoprEME CoURT—GENERAL TERM.—~The balance of non-epumerated causes will be called, CIROUIT—Vawr 1, Short canses,—Nog. 2505, 3019, 2741, 2061, 23%, 1751, 2653, 203 1997, 2700, 2937, 3053, 2915. *PART IL——(Short canses)—Nog. 1016, 2906, 5970, 3004, 2354, 2734, 3050, 1638, 2408, 2018. Bpiciay, TERM. —Adjourned to Monday next. Covrr or Commox Prras—Parr L—Nos. 15792, 1573. 1532, 1533 te 1537, 65, 1227, 1099, 1203, 3 1264, 928, Pars 11.—Nos, 1435, 1677, 2047, 1814, 2124, 2128, 2147, V7, 197], 2200, 2208, 2162, 21&x, 2185, 2199, Tae Sours AMERICAN TRiADE—A NEW STEAMER 70 BE PLACED ON THE NICARAGUA LINE. —The trade between this port, San Francisco and South America is becomiog so large, that even the great number of vesscls now employed therein are found to be inadequate to meet the demands made upon them, and the different steamslip companies are making every exertion for placing new vessels upon the route. A new steamer of 2,700 tans burden is shortly to be placed upon the route via Nicaragua, whicl, it is believed, will excel any vessel now engaged in the South American trade in point of speed and comfort. This vessel is named the Nicaragua, and is now at the South Drookiyn Iron Works receiving her machinery, The Nicaragua would have been placed on the line some time ago. were it not that the machinery originally inten ded for her was condemned, it having been designed by Mr. E, N. Dicker. won, and supplied with his celebrated “cut off.” The engines were surveyed by a number of prominent engineers hefore being placed on board and pronounced to be totally unfit for use, and vere consequently not accepted by the company; but uew ones, ofthe most approved designs and powerful descrip. tion, were ordered to be constructed at the South Dreckiyn Iron Works. When tue Nicaraugua is placed on the route, the Central American Transit Company will have five vessels, two of whieh, the Moses Taylor and the America, form a con- nection on the other side with the vessels sailing from New- York. The Santiago de Cuba of ‘this line arrivec at this port on the 7th inst, having made one of the swiftest passages on record. She made the run from Nicaragua in 6 Hars and 19 hours, landing her passengers in less than 23 days from leaving San Francisco. Tho other vessels of the line are noted also for their speed and comfort, and with the inducements held out by the Central American Transit Company to the traveling Jobiie as well as to freighters iu point of cheapness, we thiuk al wo way salely predict for Lhem a snocessiul soason. THE TARIFF ON WOOL.

Manufacturers and wool-growers appear at last to realize that they havo but one common interest, and asa couse quence have combined to ask for protection. Bitter experience has taught the wool-grower that when the manufacturing interest languishes, wool-raising is never profitable; and the manufacturer has also learned that when wool-raising is not profitable, the West affords him a poor market for his goods, Heretofore the manufacturer has thrown every obstacle in the way of the farmer to prevent Lis obtaining the least semblance of favor from legislative enactwents, On the other hand, the farmer never willingly conceded a tari to the manufacturer; believing that whatever benefit the manufacturer obtained, was just so much taken from his own interests. In fact the furmer looked upon the manu- facturer as his greatest enemy, ready to take every advant- age of his circumstances, to obtain hiz wool at the very lowest price, to reduce wool-growing to the starvation point, aud to sell his goods at the very highest rates. Wool-grower opposed manufacturer, and manufecturer opposed wool-grower; and during this suicidal wa fare, the interests of both suffered severely; but the country suffered much more, becanse gold has been continually drawn away, when it should have been retained at Lome. Before the Rebellion, wool-growing and manufacturing were scarcely considered worthy the notics of statesmen, True, they were occasionally made a sort of political shut. tlecock, sometimes sent high above every other interest, then suffered to fall and lie almost lifeless at the bottom of all enterprises. All wool costing less than 20 cents per pound was admitted duty free. In 1561, for the purposes of protection and of revenue, this was materially changed, and all wool costing less than 13 cents at the place whence exported paid a duty of 5 per cent ad valorem; exceeding 15 cents and not exceeding 24 cents per pound, 3 cents per pound; exceeding 24 cents per pound, a duty of 9 cents per pound. This, with some slight medification, contin. ued in force till February, 1861. By the tarill of that year all wool of the value of 12 cents per pound and under at the last port or place of exportation, pays a duty of 3 cents per pound; exceeding 12 cents and not 24 eents per pound, cents per pound; exceeding 24 cents per pound and not exceeding 32 cents per pound, 10 cents per pound and 10 per cent ed valorem; exceeding 52 cents per pound, 12 cents per pound and 10 per cent ad valorem. When wool is im- ported scoured, thon three times the amount of the above duties, Scoured wool, it should be stated, is aterm us d when it is leaned ready to put upon the cards, and differs materially from what we call washed wool, the latter term being applied to wool when the sheep have been brooks washed previous to shearing. This tariff has the appearance at first sight of affording ample protection. One pot familiar with the subject would probably conclude that three cents per pound must be suflicient duty on all wool which costs IZ cents per pound, as this must be a very coarse kind which our far- mers do not care much about raising; that six cents per pound on all above 12 cents per pound and not above 21 cents per pound, must be enough for a melinm wool, a kind which our farmer. produce in lerge quantities from a class of sheep very hardy, and producing heavy fleeces, for is will be from 20 to 30 cents per head. Then we have the two cliuses, 10 cents per pound and 10 per cent ad valorem, applying to very fine wool, are just what our farmers want; they noed protection on fine wools; for these sheep only produce from (wo to three pounds of weol per head, which is worth abouf 70 cents per pound. This would be from 30 to 40 cents per head. Dut the facts do not bear out such pot ouly between the eifcet, but also that between the time when it wus f urs the year 1860 we consumed one-fourth foreign wool in our manufactories; about 60 million pounds domestic fleece and 20 million pounds foreign, effect, we imporied but 53,129 bales. in mind that four-fifths of the large amount imported in 1564 was imported during the first six months of the year, before the tari took effect. It will be easily seen from these figures that while we supposed we Lad the benefit of a good protective tariff in 1865, the great bulk of the for eign wool upon the market hal been imported under the previous low tarifl, and was acting like an incubus on tho woo! interests of the eonutry; not on'y by filling our ware- houses sud thus largely increasing the supply, but by pros viding that supply at a price which utterly astonished the farmer in Lis western home who was entis¢ly unacquainted with what importers were doing. It is true, it may be urged that this wool was bought with gold. KX so, foreign wool advanced with the price of gold avd much of it wns «€0ld for gold. The price of gold in 1863 was in favor of The large amount of wool thrown upon the wool f mn ad- the importer. market in 1863 and 1264 kept our domes? vaucing with the price of gold; a fact which astonished every one not conversant with the large importatious of 1563 aud 1864. The importations of these two years, keep- ine down the vrice of wool in 1861, and also in 1865, now tend to depress it in 1866, Just consider that in 1565, with all our increased mechinery, we only imported half the quantity of wool imported in 1803, and only about two. This certainly does ap- thirds of the importation in ING2, pear like advancing backward Secondly: The low duties of three cents per pound and six cents per pound have not been coufined to coarso and medium wools, but are the highest dutics, with the excep. tion of one little Jot of a few thousaud pounds, which have been paid for the finest wools we have imported, and some 1 of the finest wools raised in the world have not paid more than three cents per pound. A large amount of this wool is exceedingly dirty, so that its value is greatly reduced, Some of it when scoured will not yield more than 25 per cent ready for the cards, or one pound in four for what we import. Now why is this? There is a reason for every- thing; men will not pay four cents per pound for the transportation of dirt (and this is what they say it costs from the place of packing to the place of manafacturing) unless it yields a profit. Now, this pound of wool ob- tained from the four pounds of wool and dirt imported at three cents per pound, pays 12 cents duty, for we cannot charge the dirt with duty, as itis not worth the cost of {rausportation; but if to this pound of elcan wool we also add the cost of transporting the four pounds of wool and dirt, which is 16 eents, then we have 28 cents upon the one pound of scoured wool, But if we imported this wool geourcd, then we should have to pay three times the amount of the other duties, which in this case would be three times 12 cents and three times 10 per cent ad valorem, that is, about 52 cents per pound. Can we wonder that our imperters preler to import dirt rather than scoured wool, a pound of which has not been imported under the present tariff, although it would save a complete waste of four cents per pound for the transportation of dirt? But it is not all this extremely heavy, dirty wool which is iw. ported under the duty of three cents per pound. It will casily be understood that there will be much wool which will cost 13, 14, 15 and even 16 cents per pound at the port of exportation; but the next question is, does the importer pay six cents per pound duty on these, as one would sup- pose from the law he would have todo? Not atall. He reduces the average of his invoiee by importing a sufficient number of the very dirty bales of wool, costing so much less than 12 cents per pound as to bring down the average of the whole to 12 cents, Consequently, we have gome good woo! imported which only pays a duty of three cents per pound, which will not shrink more than 65 and 70 per cent, That is, we should have for every 100 pounds im- ported, from 30 to 35 pounds clean wool. This would be on a pound of scoured wool 10 and 10} cents duty, to which add transportation of dirt, making about 11 and 13 cents upon the scoured pound; this would be 21 and 25 cents upon the scoured pound; a great gaving over the importa. tion of the scoured wool. But the sole protection to the farmer is the price of the dirt and the cost of transporting the scoured pound, But if we come to that class of wool which pays six cents per pound duty, we then include the good wools of Australia, Cape of Good Hope, Buenos Ayres, and fine Merino from Odessa, all of which are im- ported for less than 24 cents per pound at the port of ex- portation. These weols shrink from 60 to 65 per cent, yielding from 35 to 40 pounds, geoured, for every 100 pounds imported. The duty upon the scoured pound would be from 15 to 17 cents, aud cost of transportation would be 10 and 11 cents per pound, making 26 and 28 cents per pound; a much smaller amount than would have to be paid for the importation of the scoured pound. But we may again suppose that flere is much wool that would cost £3, 26 and 28 cents at the port of exportation, This would, however, be easily brought under 24 cents per pound by invoicing with it wool which cost less than 24 cents. In doing this there would be no fraud, as it would be the cost of the whole upon which the duty would be paid. But ib is tao cost of the gcoured pound which exclude and 12 cents per pound and 10 per cent ad valorem. Thess reasoning. ud, fir vt us note the interval that elapsed asoning. Aud, first, Jet us note the int crowned with its venerable and remarkable ruins, justly re- mesing of the bill and its taking wool paying the higher duties; those wools which pay duty of 10 cents per pound and 10 per cent ad valorem, are brook-washed wools and would shrink from 30 to 40 per cent in scouring, 1 we take a medium shrinkage for the wool which peys 10 cents per pound, we should Lave, say €5 pounds of wool from 100 pounds imported; duty upon the scoured pound would be about 23 cents, and cost of transportation 6 ceuts per scoured pound, making 314 ents per pound, or 6 cents per pound more than we have found paid for the scoured of the 6 per cent duty wool. But if wo take the highest duty of 12 cents per pound and 10 per cent ad valorem, we shall find that these wools would shrink uot less than 30 per cent, and in many cases wonld exceed 40 per cent; but we would take a medium, about 38 per cent. This would give us 62 poundsof scoured wool, which would be about 31 cents duty on the scoured pound, and 7 cents eost of transportation would make it 33 cents per pound; while we obtain the scoured pound of tht same quality of wool from the wool admitted at a duty of 6 cents on necount of its groase, for 28 cents. Is not this tariff a farce? Is it mot high time to do away with those miss- named discriminating duties of three and six cents per pound, and impose a duty, if not of 10 cents, at least 87 We have given the facts in the case, They clearly show why the higher duties have never been paid, and they also show that they are ample protection becauso they have never been touched, and tlie manufacturer who sees and understands that his interests and those of the wool-grow- ers are identical, will mot object to these conclusions, If there are any who believe that their interests are not iden. tical, with such we have no controversy; our regard is for the country’s welfare, We have no other concern in the matter, but we Lave an interest in the whole country which we will not sacrifice for the private interests of our best friends. IRELAND, J Cork to Erifast—Nc. nes and Incidents on the Way Dublin Our Laie Rebellion The Peoinne—ILill of fiowih ~The Battle of the Boyne Bemisiscences of the Battiesficld Toe Linen Manufacture and Emigration Suow in Belfast —A Late Spring. From Qur Special Correspondent, BeLrast, May 20, 1866, From Dan to Beersheba,” from Cork to Belfast. We left Cork in drizzly, disagreeable weather, “The fields were green,” but the skies were not blue, and there was nothing better to do than to accept the landscape along the route to Dublin in all its sloppy verdaney. One last glimpse at Plarney Castle in the distance ‘was vouchsafed tous. Then Mallow, and Butterwort, and Charleville, and Killmallock, and Knocklong were oue after the other left behind, and as the train slackenod its speed in approach. ine Limerick Junetion, the steeples of Tipperary on the right shone out in a burst of glorious suniight, which at that moment burst in radiant beauty over all the fertile acres of hill and dele that stretched ont on either hand, I know of nothing more surpassingly charming in the wav of rural loveliness thao an Irish landscape in any part of the valley section of the green isle. ‘Lhe fields are smooth shorn and cleanly, the flocks and herds that dot their velvet surfaces are sleek and comely, and, far as the eye can reach, 1t is one boundless picture of good husbandry aud geverous fertility, Ihave seen this sec. tion before in mid-Winter, and now in the budding and blossoming Spring time, and in each season it has left the same impression. For, even when the giuin is garnered dud stored, and the flocks ere housed, when the Dlasts of Winter sweep across the plain, and vegetable life is contemplated, and the time when it wept into force. In desolute decay. stood out upon the without being arrested as a conspirator. dormant, even then the face of the country wears a cheery and 1oviting aspect, and, through some indescribable method, tells to the most superiicial observer what a wealth of fertility is hidden beneath its frosty bosom. Koon after leavinz Limerick Junction, the renowned Rock of Cashel eame into view in the distance on the right, garded as the most interesting relics of the past which are to be found in Ireland, Then Loughore Castle, in bleak and lain, silent and de. serted, a cf i monument to departed glory. Kil- dare, and that well-known scene of many a spirited equine contest, the Curragh,” were passed, and as the sun was nbl In 1862 we imported 88, 8X3 8 ating we rolled into Dublin, bales of forcizn wool; in 1863, 107,370 bales; in 1864, 113,- 668 bales; but in 1865, efter the present taril had taken And we must bear out!) I interesting history; Dublin, where Tom Moore was born, Dulin, the dear old Irish city, so renowned for its ele- rancagts broad, spacious, cleanly streets, its stately public yuildines, its venerable old pile, Trinity College, 1ts vast, outlying Phenix Park, its monumental localities, and its and where Dean Swift lived, died, and was buried; where Addion, Parnell, Tickell, and Sheridan lived and enriched so greatly the literature of the world, The city retains the old, even tenor of its business, linbits, and its routine of municipal regulations, The Lord Licutenant maintains his viee-resal state with sufficient, imposing grandeur, and Dublin ms not one whit inclined to change its allegiance for apy other mode of government, notwith- standing the efforts which her Fenian children abroad are making for her redemption. One change is marked in Dublin, and that a most agrecable one to our American eyes, When I was last here, there was scarcely a person to be found who had not an nukind word to say for our Government, then in the Lest of its great grapple with Rebellion. Scarcely one wlio did not emphatically and exultingly prediet the down. full and destruction of the United States as a government, and the mecess of the Sonth in their efforts at Secession, Now it would be difficult to find man who would will- admit that ho ever gave utterance to such a senti- or ever thought that Secession was anything clse than delusion. No one will feel surprised that such traits of consistency manifest themselves in the Irish character. ‘They are not alone in this predicament; no small portion of Enrope 1s engaged in the mastication and deglutition of the dish of humble pie which Jouathaa has set before them, and so 1t becomes us not to exult, but to take home to ourselves 80 much just pride as may seem meet to the occasion, It is not to be denisd that Dublin possesses many an in- Labitant whose sympathies are with the Fenian move, ment. There are wore niknerous evidences of this than are observable elsewhere. Not enough, however, to war- rant the presumption that the movement has the ghost of a chance of success, or is anything else than a wagaiticent Hibernian humbug. Every murder or violation of law is set down to the Fe- nian organization, and it is doubtful whetbere peor Pat could exercise his time-honored prerogative at Donybrook Speaking of being arrested reminds me of Richmond, whenee great Head Conter Stephens made his escape, It stands yot in all its gloomy grundeur, hearing over its somber portal in large text, cut in the wall: Cease to do evil; learn to do well,” It is evident that Steghtns fulfilled the latter half of the rocept to the lotter. It is doubtful if anybody could “do setter’ than he did under similar ciremmstances. From Dublin to the ancient town of Drogheda, at the mouth of the Boyne, the road skirts the seashore and runs through o level and uninteresting country, The bill of Howth, where the giant Fin McCoul is supposed to have performed such prodigies of physical valor in throwing stones at the Danes. whore Brian Boroihme achieved some of his glories, where Graua Uile stole the heir of the cas- tle lands, because the lord of the demesne denied Ler a pot of beer and a borled potato when on her return from a visit to Queen Elizabeth, and where, according to Jovater legend, various marvejous events have occurred, rose roen and fresh from the sea on our right as we left Dub- in, and Ireland's Eye” —the Little is and so called, just north of Howth—seewed to wink in the sunshine with every lap of the sea around its rocky base. Balbriggan, renowned for its stocking manufacture, being left rears ward, we halted soon after at Drogheda. Eversbody knows—or ought to know—that they make fine linens in this ancien’ town, and that at about two and one half miles away the battle of the Boyne was fought in 1630, Forty years before this Cromwell, in his given way, laid siege to the place with an army of 12,000 men, aud after being repulsed in two unsuccessful attacks, succeeded on the third in taking possession, The road to the field of battle leads along the left bank of the river in a westerly direction from Drogheda. An obelisk of granite marks the eentral portion of the battle- field, and 1t is said is nearly exactly upon the spot where Schomberg fell. An inscription upon the base r lates the fact that there “glorious King William the Third” de. feated James the Seepnd on the st of July, 1690, and de- livered Ireland from the despotism of popery. Aside from this monument, there is nothing to denote that the tranquillity of the beautiful vale of the Boyne was ever disturbed by fhe rude shock of battle, The fertile fields are already deeply carpeted with Spring verdure and May flowers. Flocks and herds are brousing peacefully, where the hoofs of chargers bearing legions of armed nen com- mingled in deadly contest; and the river gliding gently along toward the veighboring sca, overhung by spreading branches already bright with the first foliage of the year, completes a picture of peaceful rural beauty strikingly in contrast with that which the same locality wore ou that eventful Summer's day nearly two ceutur cs ago. What strange associations concerning men cnd events are connected with the battle of the Boyne?! The great central figure, William of Orange, is the first npon which the thoughts center, and his whole singuiar history prior to that eventful voyage from the Hague, when he came over to sel the royal house in order in England, passes bes fore us, is remarkable rise to power in the Netherlands the purt which he played in the wars of the great King,’ Louis X1V, and the new destiny that he gave to the King or Great Britain, are among thé most prominent and i= rtant events of history, What a different volume of lish history would Lave been writien if that capuor- shot from the opposite bank of the river which wounded his shoulder on that July day bad ranged eu inch or two lower? By contrast with this true hero, how dustardly st the character of James the Second appears! I picture lim fleeing over yonder green hill after the disaster of the Boyne had overtaken him in thet unexampled race for Dublin town, Cowardice lent vigor to his efforts in the application of day of 100 miles to that his qualities the divine oraer of whip and spur, and Lis famous ride next Waterford conclusively demoustrates were of the turf turfy, rather than of those that belong to royalty. Madame” said he to the Lady Tyreonnel, on arriving at Dublin Castle, your countryinen, the Irish run very fast, it must be owned.” “Iu thie, as in every other respect, your majesty, sur. asses them; foryou have won the race,” was the bitterre- joinder of the lady, Did not his whole previeus and sub- sequent history prove him incapable of manly seisation, and dead to the sense of honor, we might well believe that a shaft so well aimed must have raukled in the wound for Lif¢-time efter, and permanently branded bis m— of separation rocreant cheek with theblush of shame. Instead, ho on'y as the mean-spirited hanger-on, and dependant at the Court of Louis XIV; the sickly, complaining creature of passion and bigotry, dawdliug away the days of a wretchedly misspent life, and finding decent burial enly as the last favor of the monarch whose bounty he had meanly accepted for so many years. Turning in relief to the proud, majestic figure of the gollant old Marshal Schomberg, and the part he bad played in the great drama of war that had for so many [i deluged Europe. in blood, the story of his exile and is battles, and the final fall of the curtain upon his re- markable career, here upon the banks of this smwooth-flow- ing river, follows in the train of reminiscence which the scone awakens, with that of Sarstield, and Caillemote, and many another brave man who enacted leading part in the history of these memorable days, 1 gathered a little knot o primes, daisies, and other Spring flowers, to be preserved as a memento of Boyne aud its heroes, and left the field to its calm and quiet solitude, its long con- tinued, and, it may be hoped, its long to be continued centuries of peace and moral beauty. An hour af Slane Castle, six miles np the Vale of the Boyne, enjoying the wonderful beauties of the landscape, the noblgeastle, the residence of the Marquis de Conyng- ham, andts well-ordered surroundings, and we bade adieu to the Boyue, and proceeded on our ourney toward Bel: The country here wears a decidedly flaxen hue, There arc liven mills on every hand, except slong the sterile Antrim hills, where, judging from the appearance of the casantry, there is very little linen, let alome the mills. ‘he North of Ireland may be smd to be one great flax rowing, linen manufacturing distriet, The weaith that s being accumulated Liere among those in the manufac. turing interest is vast, and each day is compounding, Bat the great inerease of emigration of the laboring class to America threatens seriously to interfere with the busi- ness, and alrcady begins to excite alarming discussious among those engaged in it. A few years hence this ques. tion will have ripened into majestic and troublesome pro- tions. and the burden of complaint will be shifted in roland from the shoulders of the laborer to the capitalist. The Slamish hills, at whose feet the town of Belfast is built, have to-day—the 1st of May—been sheeted from summit to base in a mantle of mow. Though the ficlds are green and seed time has already commenced, Winter scems suddenly to have come down over the Northern ocean acain, as if full of spite and vengeance against the flowers that are blooming in the lup of May, and eager to wither them with one blast of his frosty breath ere Le hies him away for his kingdom in the frozen North, May Day, therefore, wears a chill and Wintry aspect, and the keen north-east, and fresh from the snow-capped Grampians seross the channel, bites shrewdly.” The barefooted and ill-fod operatives with which the streets of Belfast abound, when work is done at night, shiver and wrap their scanty covering more closely about them as they hurry along foward their cheerless Lomes, and look #8 if in this temporary return of Winter and consequent banishment for a brief period of the warm and sunny Spring days, a new chapter of woe has been added to their dreary existence, Yet u little Yonger aud Summer will be here.” Then these wan and hope-forsaken faces will ior a time lighterr vp under the cheery influences of those haleyon days, and there will be a season of happiness in th: hovels'of these human drudzes born of the genial warmth of the Summer sunshine, such as the rich ean fever feel, and such as Las no place in their catalogue of Lowe luxuries, HEREWALD. The Jletals of the Future. INDIUM. Professors Reich and Richter published a preliminary notice of this metal in Erdmanu’s Journal, September 1, 1863. F. Reich is Professor of Physics at the School of Mines, Freiberg, Saxony. He is about 70 years of age, and is well known for his important investigations upon the density of the earth, Mo no longer delivers lectures but directs the practical operatigns of the Laboratory. Th. Richter is about 30 years of age, and was assistant to Professor eich in the Laboratory, He gives instrue- tion in the blow-pipe, and bas edited the work of the late Professor Plattner on Metallurgy. He is a great favorite of the pupils of the School of Mines, and is destined, if he lives, to become one of the most prominent Professors of the ancient school of Freiberg, In consequence of the fact that Thallium had been de- tected in a number of furnace products, it occurred to the Professors to examine some impure Chloride of Zine which they Lad obtained by distilling an ore which contained Arsenic, Sulphur, Tron, Zine, Manganese, Copper, Tin, and Cadmium, To their surprise there was no greeu line of Thallium, but two blue lines made their appearance on a different part of the spectrum. They immediately set to work to isolate the unknown body, and were soon snc- cessful. They proposed the name of Indium from the color of the lines which lead to its detection. At this early stage all that they could say of it was that Sulphuretted Hy lrogen did not precipitate it from acid solutions of the Chloride: that Ammonia throws down an oxide, and that it was easily reduced before the blow-pipe to a metallic bead. A second paper by the same authors appeared Nov. 16, 1863. In this the position of the lines on the scale was more fully defined. If the soda line was at 50, and Strontia at 104, then the two Indinm lines would be at 110 and 147. A pure salt of Indium in the flame of a gas- burner or Sooke lamp imparts a violet color. They also found that the source of the metal was the Blende, and were able to recover 0.1 per cent Indium from Metallic Zine. el A third paper, Oct. 7, 1864, gives us further properties. The oxyd is easily reduced by. hydrogen gas the same as the oxyd of copper, and can be melted to pellets in a glass tube. 1 Le hydrogen gas, after passing over the metal, burns with a blue flame. The metal is white, brighter than tin, approaching the luster of silver. It is very soft and ductile, and retains its luster in the air and in water, even in boiling water. Its specific gravity was found to be 7.17, on three determinations; according to Winkler it is 7.36, The point of fusion is the same ns that of lead. Its oxyd does not appear to color glass. Jt is soluble in hydrochloric and suiphuric acids with evo- lution of hydrogen gas: is also easily soluble in nitrie acid, It is completely precipitated from acid solutions as hy- drated oxyd by swmonia and potash, insoluble in an ex- cess of the reagent; the principal distinction from zine and cadmium. The hydrated oxyd is pure white, and peculiarly slimy, on which secount it adheres to the sides of a vessel, Tartaric acid prevents the precipitation of the oxyd. The oxyd after heating and cooling becomes of a straw-yellow color, Sulphuretted hydrogen does not precipitate any material amount of the metal from strongly acid solutions. The behavior is like zine in this respeet. From solutions in ecotic acid sulphuretted hydrogen throws down a beautiful yellow sulphide of Indium, recalling sulphide of cadmium, and this affords a method from iron and wanganese, The elloride of Indium resembles chloride of aluminum and can be preparcd in the same way, by passing chlorine eas over the oxyd, mixed with carbon, It is very hy- groseapie, and can be driven from one place to another in the tube, The sulphate erystalizes in small white scales, The atomic weight is 37; according to Winkler, 35.9, The preparation of Indium from blende is as follows: The blende is digested in agua regia, and sulphuretted hydrogen passed through the solution to precipitate all of thie copper, lead, arsenic, tin, cadmium and molybdenum; oxydize the filtrate from the above, and then add a large excess of ammonia, by which the greater portion of the zine will be dissolved and separated; dissolve the precipi- tate produced by the ammoma in acetic acid, tof throw down the Indiuin as a sulphide by means of sulphuretted hydrogen. lu order to obtain a pure salt, this latter op- eration will require to be repeated a number of times. Tho metal is more easily obtained from s gravulated zine than from blende, schrotter has found Indium in the blende of Schinfeld, near Schlaggenwald, He roasts the finely stamped ore and digests it in sulphuric acid, and throws down the In. dium by metallic zink, in the same manner that Thal lium is precipitated from its solutions, Schibiter has also determined the exact position of the Indium lines with reference to Kirchhofl's ehart of the solar spectium, aud the photograph of the spectrum taken by Mr. Ruther- furd of New-York, Mr. Rutherfurd’s photograph is now accepted as the tandard of measurment by the physicists of Europe, and is regarded as one of the most valuable contributions to scienca ever received from this country, Streng lias found Indium in the furnace products of the Hartz mountains, Professor Joy has examined fifteen specimens of blende, from as many localities, in widely separated portions of the the United States, but thus far no trace of Indium has been discovered. The effect of Indium upon the fusibility of alloys has not been determined, hut reasoning from analogy, ita pears probable that it would lower the point of fusion the pame 23 Cadmium, There is every reason to expect that the Indinm-blende will be discovered just as a Cadmium-blende was found on the estate of Lord Greenock in Scotland, ‘What influence the bromide and 1odide of indium would have in photo- graphy also remains a restion for investigation. Indium is emphatically a metal of the future, RUBIDIUM. This meta! was discovered by Bunsen and Kirchhoff in 1861. Buusen is a native of Goettingen, and is a cousin of the late Chevalier Bunsen, so well known for Lis theo- logical writings. Robert Bungen is about 55 years of age. He was at one time tutor at Goettingen, where he published a paper on the employment of the hydrated oxide of iron as a remedy for poisoning with arse This was one of the earliest scientific investigations made by him, Afterward he traveled somewhat exten: ively—was appointed Professor at Marburg, later at Mreslau and lastly at Heidelberg, where he has built up the Lirgest scientific laboratory, ex- cepting perhaps Goettineen, to be fonnd in Germany. Circhliofl is not yet forty years old. He is Professor of physics and a great favorite of Bunsen. The two are much together, and throw ideas and work into each other's Lands. Bunsen was engaged in 1859 ard 1860 in the examination of the colored flames produced by the combustion of certain substances. Ho examined these flames through different media, and found that he could distingnish potash in the presence of soda by view ing the flame through cobalt-glass. He afterward em- plored a wedged-shaped or prismatic ‘bottle, filled with ammonia sulphate of copper, to distinguish lithia, stron tia and potash. We can we I understan that the transition from colored glasses and Rinuetie bottles to flint glass rising was very natural. oviewed the light from burning ero through prisms, a3 Fraunhofer, Draper, and others Lad dons, snd found that each substance produces its characteristic spectrum, Tig discovery excited the examination of known t zeal, He and Bi ormed by all of the known subs new lines which they Hong ust be due to new bodi They gave the name of Rubidium to the metal, vielded a red line very near to the potash line on of Fraunhofer's line A. Having discovered and 0 the new element, the next thing was to study its prope tics and ascertain where it could be found. They first detected it in winersl waters; aftorward i was found to exist in small quantities in Jepidaliid, pa, carnallite, crude saltpeter, tobacco, coffee, tea, 8 at, commercial potash, triphyllive, and other mi red from the bi-tartrate in identically the same wanner as Potassium, It is more difficult to reduce than Sodium, but more soy, toa Potassium, Jt melts at 24° F. (Potassium 146° F., Lithium 356° F.) The atomic weight of Rubidium is 85,36, It decomse poses water the sume as the other alkali metals. The saite of Rubidia resemble those of potash and soda. The tartrates and the platinum salts vary in wotabilits, other wise it would be difficult to distinguish between them, 4 pA ig Metallic Rubidium ean be prepa It now remains to discover some min con suflicient Rubidium to enable us to study its use in the arts, Ono of the richest is The lopidolite of Hebron, in Maine; according to Johnson and New-Haven this ore contains 0.24 per cent of the oxide Rubidium, It is not probable that metallic Rubidium will ever play an important part in the arts, but its salts nay possess different medicinal properties to potash and soda, just as lithia is given as a titute for those alkalies. properties this alkali wonid impart to ulso 4 question for the future, We may discover it in sulll- cient quantities for use in the manufacture of soap. CESIUM. This metal was discovered at the same time and andee the same circumstances as Rubidium, by Bunsen sod Kirchhoff, Bunsen, in his capacity of Counsellorof State, is called upon for advice in sanitary matters, and every- thing relating to mineral springs is submitted to Lum foe examination. He had the residues from the evaporation of an enormous aaptity of the Duerkheimer Spring sont to Lim, He took 80, pounds of this water, and was able to prepare from it a few grains of the oxide of Ceesivm upon which to found his Javestijgution into its properties. Te appears t Jess abundant than Rubidi- ium, and the two are comm wly found associated Bunsen was not able to determine the atomic we Cwsivm with entire accuracy upon the small quantity sf his command, and this valuable work was accom by Johnson and Allen of Yale College. They give the atomic weight as 133,, hydrogen being taken as unity. 1 has the highest atomic weight of any of the ele excepting gold which is 197. Tie Salts of Casium produce sky-blue lines on the spectrum, and hence the name, Cesium and Rubidium, in sll their compounds, resems ble potassium so closely that they cannot be distin ished from it by re-agents or before the blow-pipe. They can only be recognized by means of the sjeetfuseopt: and yonder that instrument indispensable to the analytosd chemist, Rubidiom and Cwsium yield alums with alumina and sulphuric acid, and the Miference in the solubility of tkese salts affords a method for their separation. The ratio of solubility of the py se is: Potash, Casinm, Rubidinm, V2] 1 1 A very interesting discovery was made by Pisani of Paris. A gentleman, who had a collection of minerals, sent a number of them to Pisani to have them pro named and described. They were all of them exam before the spectroscope. One of them, known to miner. alogists under the name of Pollux, was found to give the blue Cesium lines with remarkable definition. It wag subjected to a careful analysis, and found to contain the extraordinary amount of thirty-four per cent of the Oxide of Cesium. The mineral pollux oceurs on the (sland of Elba. It resembles some varieties of fluorspar, and cryse tallizes in the same form. We would call attention to this fact, as it may even tually be found in the United States. During the year 1863, Bunsen was occupied material from which to prepare metallic Casium. intended to reduce the bitartrate in the same manner a8 he had followed in the preparation of metallic Rubidiwm, The uses and practical applications of Cesium are sub fects of investigation. It nay hereafter, for aught we now, play a very important part in the arts, What Gen, Fullerton Did in Louisiana, To the Editor of The Tribune. Sir: Gen. Fullerton, on reaching New-Orleans, was welcomed by the Rebels of that city as if he kad been a breves Rebel Brigadier instead of having been an officer in the Untom army. He was not in the city twenty-four hours before he was seen walking the streets arm in arm with signer of tbe Louisiana Ordinance of Secession. On being iu the eity one week, he received an ivitation (from the rich traitors who had aided the Rebellion as it was aided by ne others) to aceept a public and complimentary dinner as a tokem of the appreciation in which he was held by the people. One day's occupancy of the vce just vacated by Mr. Conway, was enough to satisfy him that the negroes of Louisiana had tes much liberty; too many schools; too many orphan asy and were, altogether, too well protected by the officers of Bureau who had been assigned to it by Gen. Canby and Gen. Sheridan, Me at once struck at the liberty 5 the- freed people of the City of New-Orleaus, and issued aa order, by the operation of which 30,000 men, womb and children were suddenly returned to a bo alwost as odious as that from which, under the leadership the immortal Lincoln, they had just been delivered. The order was for the arrest of all unemployed freedmen,” and directed the Police of the Crescent City to execute its pres visions, This was welcome duty to the police. They begaa their work, and in less than 24 hours the jails and calabooses of the city were full. Honest men were locked up in cele under irou gates. ludustrious laborers who bad worked om the levee were arrested on their way to their homes. Quar- termaster's laborers were scized with others. Soldiers jus$ discharged from a long term of service were also arrested. In a word, every colored man in the eity who could not furs nish a certificate of employment from some well-known per- son, was seized by the Police, under Fullerton's order, and locked up. A A reign of terror lasted till Fullerton, after 20 days of ia famous service, was withdrawn, Colored men and womes flocked to Gen, Cauby’'s and Geo. Sheridan's Headquarters, asking tor prot Tle discharged colored troops doter- mined to resist the police, ana a fight took place on Claiborne st., in which the police were soundly beaten. Gen. Sheridam, Gen. Canby, Gov. Wells and Gen. Fulierton beld a meet- ing on the subject of the condition of the city, and Fullertom was informed that he must stop. He snddenly concluded to revoke the order, By this time the Rebel press kad reacted point of ecstastic joy over Fullerton, and a public dinzer was revived with greater energy than ever. There were two orphan asyluom for the orphans of colored troops and seau.en. These Gen, Fullerton broke up by a single blow. He ordered the State law respecting apprentices to be enforced and applied to these orphans. In simpler terms, ha ordered them to be returned to their old masters to live im Slavery till they were 21 years of age. Although neithes asylum was in charge of the Government, yet the orphsus must be reénslaved by Fullerton. The resuit was that the orphans, hearing of the order, rau away and found shelter im the homes of colored men iu the city. Many an old slave- bolder weat to these asylams after the issue of the order, asking for “mice little nigger girls to do the dirty werk around their houses,” &e., xc, The next blow of the General was at the Hame Colonies for aged freedmen. These were self-supporting snd were ned hroken up for any reason of economy, but simply to help break up the Buren and give the farms on which they were estab. Jished back to their former owners. Two hundred schools, supported without expense to the Goverament, and which were attended by 20,000 colored children, were broken up by the next stroke of Gen. Fullerton's power. The only source of support for these schools was abolished, and a great work for the improvement of 300,000 people was suddenly brought to am end. Abandoned and confiscable property to the amount of nearly $20,000,000 worth—property which Mr, Conway bad tenas clously beld for the use of the (Government. was almost entiraly given up to its former owners by Gen. Fullerton during his 20 days administration. The Freedmen's Courts throughout the State were all abot ished by the General, and the State tribunals ordered to try ofl cases in which the freedmen were interested. A Rebel victory could not Lave been paraded with larger type or greater jog than was each order of Brevet-Brigadier J. 8. Fullerton. He was soon succeeded by Gen. Bard, au officer who differs from him about as day differs from RigL icctes came to Washi was offered by the the poet A pres 4 rr ite was a reward for hie falthiul servieas iu A Cimizex oF NEW-ORLEANS. tion New-York, June 13, 1866. ‘PoSTMASTERS APPOINTED, AND PosT-OFFICES Est Bb 3 vED IN NEW- YORK Established. Ro TI0E, William White; Fullerton, William AM. Vail; Guymard, Orange, S. Gumger; Yallag. Yates, Azarish C, Younglove; Ww Erie, Joba Romer. iscontinwed. —East Springwater, Livingston. vw Appointed, Alabama, Genesee, Samuel C. Bate man; Alpive, at r, Austin B. Rumsey; A G Addison Gardoer; ford Station, Westchester, Surles; Chemung Contre hetning, Frank or; Eddyrille Cattaragud. Monroe, Wilson Rider; Griflia's Miils, Erie, B. Curtis; ames W. Boies; Haskinsvilie, Steuben, Martin K. Hamilton; nenaviiie, Greene, David Davies Rodian Lane, Hania, ie; er 1saae L. Hoxie; Lafayette, Onondags, BR rie ingvilla, Toumpiiat mud Mat Jawyuesy ie oi Peter A. Emgpie; Little Neo aeons, Middleville, erkimer, Orrin A. Ford; Modena, Ulster, John Rober: Jacobia; Now. auiol Devo; Moreau Station, Sar Bid, Tompkins John Crowell; ‘Reidvilte, Albany, Nath Newberry; St. Johush ra, Eroat Steralort, Veroom Centre, Ousida, A'son Norton; Wells Corner, Orange, Roherg Halstead: Wess Kortright, Dalaware, James L. Harknoseg West Vienna, Oneids, Zonas J. White; Woodville, Jefferson, George M. Wood. his tpterest, aud he prosecuted per poudd. 5 (ew. OaLEANs, June Lo.~Cotton tirm; sales to-day 90 balesg’ No Sidi s 37 @J%¢. Sterling Exchange Loo 215m. Freighte —Cotton te New-York je. to Liver, {d., and to Havre los, xohauge oa Now York i @i per cent proisium,

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