Springfield Weekly Republican (Springfield, Mass.)
August 11, 1855

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VOLUME .31, NUMBER 32. j WHOLE NUMBER 1015. I ©lie MepuMicaii. Printed, both Daily and Weekly, at the Republican Printing Establishment, corner of Sanford and Mar ket street*, Springfield, Massachusetts, by SAMUEL BOWLES COMPANY, Daily Paper $5 a year, or ten cents a week. Weekly Paper 51,60 a year. Ko paper is sent without the cash in advance; and it is invariably stopped when the time of payment ex piree. Every Saturday the Daily Republican is printed •n a double sheet, with several pages of extra read ing, embracing editorials, stories, sketches, poetry, and carefully chosen miscellany. The Weekly Republican is the largest newspaper in New England, and is printed in the quarto form, with eight pages of six columns each, and but a limi ted space devoted to advertisements. It is published on Saturdays. A supplementary edition is published on Wednesdays. The circulation of the Daily Republican is 3SOO, of the Weekly 4600; which is superior to that of any other Journal in New England out of Boston, and sur passed by only a portion of the press in that city. SAMUEL BOWLES. J. G. HOLLAND. CLARK W. BRYAN. THE BAY PATH. A TALE OF EARLY LIFE UPON THE CONNECTICUT. CHAPTEK XI. In which the author kindly allows Mary Pynchon to get married before arriving at the middle of his story. How like a troubled, feverish drcam is summer to the husbandman! How early, and yellow, and hot, comes up the brazen sun! How are the tunes of the first birds and all the fresh sounds of the early day overpowered by the jar and bustle of toil! How the days fly past .'—some hot and breathless, some bright and sparkling; some full of rain, wind and thunder; others hemmed about on the western and southern horizon with bald headed clouds, that stand and sleep all the after noon in the sun; some so clear that they mark black shadows on the hill-sides, by trees that look so clumpy and green, so thick, dark and downy, that one might dream of jumping from a cloud into them, and being softly caught in their cool depths; and others so sultry that the robin drags her wings by the brook side, or sucks the life less air with an open bill and a spasmodic inspira tion To those who have passed through this season, exposed to its toils and debilitating influences, how welcome is the first cool breath of Autumn! How, when the crickets begin to sing through the drowsy twilight, and the dried mullein holds stiffly up its tai) rack of seed-cups, and the fresh green silk of the serried com dries and darkens into matted tufts of brown, and the foliage of the forests and the grasses of the pasture show that the freshness of their life has departed, the heart becomes calm and glad! And when the Frost King descends from his crystal home while all the world is sleeping, and breathes upon the for ests, and tramples on the flowers that they may not be contemptible in the light of his radiant miracles; when the maples turn to gigantic roses, and the oaks to colossal peonies, when the mea dow wears a gay bouquet upon its bosom, and the river runs the gauntlet of an army clothed in crimson and purple, and every sight and sound prophesies of relaxing toil and speedy fruition, how the heart grows strong, and the beauty and majesty of Autumn, and its golden promises and great fulfillments touch us with gladness and gratitude 1 And when, later, the leaves drop, one by one, upon the ground, carpeting the solitudes for the dances of the fairies; and the nuts open their brown portals to the curious squirrel, and great congregations of crows spend whole days in meaningless vociferations; when theflailsof the matched threshers begin to thump wearily on the neighboring bam floors, and the wain comes creaking home with its freight of com; when the first fires begin to be kindled on the social hearth, and throw their dancing lights over happy old age in its easy chair, ruddy maidenhood in its life and levity, and childhood that groans in the bondage of coats restored and brogans resumed, how the heart warms to the touch of some of the sweetest associations of life, and we tiiank God for those changes which, each in its turn, com pensates for all the severities of its predecessor, and affords a balance of characteristic joy for which it may be loved, and by which it may be remembered 1 It may be a humiliating fact, (and that is doubt less the reason why it has not found more promi nent statement,) but it is none the less an estab lished one, that, in temperate latitudes, the strong er passions of humanity become feeble, and hardly manifest themselves during summer, ex cept in that spasmodic manner which is the most reliable symptom of debility. Thus ambition seems to dissipate in perspiration, the fires of an ger subside under copious draughts of cold water, and love itself forgets its ardor beneath a burning snn. Sirius rarely consents to hold a divided sway with Venus. Even the most devoted at tachments seem to be relaxed by the season, and are only restored to their original tone and ten sion by the return of the mercury to medial alti tudes and modest figures. It was partly owing to this fact that the love which Holyoke felt for Mary Pynchon, was in a measure laid aside on his arrival at the Bay, and that neither of the lovers found the attachment any obstacle in the pursuit of objects of immedi ate interest. They had parted with mutual faith, and with certain objects to be compassed before they should meet again,—Holyoke to make his affairs ready for the contemplated removal to Agawam, and Mary to prepare for the establish ment of a new home, and the assumption of ^new responsibilities. Each had enough to do, and this doubtless was their private apology.for any abatement of a passion which they supposed must increase in strength with every passing month and year, or else give evidence of an original lack, or more recent loss, of genuineness. The Sum nter passed rapidly away, and with bitt little im patience on either side; but when the Autumn be gan to creep on, and the crickets began to sing, and the mullein stood patiently drying its rack of seed-cups in the sun, and the corn silk grew brown, and the frost wrought its wonders, there was not a sight but brought sweet suggestions to the expectant lovers, or a sound that did not tell them of a great joy towards which they were tending. In the plantation generally, matters had gone SpruiqSdb Republican. on with a remarkable degree of quietness. Every man was busy with the cultivation of his frfsh acres, and the preparation for an enlarged popu lation. The carpenter, Jehu Burr, with such help as he could occasionally secure, had succeeded in building a habitable house for Holyoke, to be in readiness for occupation when that individual should arrive. Its simple furniture, built at the Bay, came by water carriage, and was arranged by Mary’s own hands. The feud between Mr Moxon and Woodcock slept, although no cor diality existed between them. Many thought that a great change had occurred in the latter, anil some, in genuine friendliness, endeavored to approach him with the design of encouraging any good resolutions that lie might be entertain ing, but their advances were coolly met, and per sistently repulsed. He was not living for him self; he was not acting himself. He was engaged in providing for his daughter, and carried, under powerful restraint, as independent a spirit as ever. The daughter still lived witli Mary Pynchon, and week by week, and month by month, improved in her demeanor, until fear began to be felt, by many in the neighborhood, wlio had young daughters, that Mary Pynchon would spoil that child,’ and make her forget who she was and where she come from,’ —baleful influences which they sought benevolently to correct at every con venient opportunity. Peter Trimble was kept out of mischief by hard work. He was whipped but three or four times during the summer, for such offenses as knocking off the hats of other boys on the way home from meeting, agreeing to give boot in a jackknife trade, and making the payment somewhat too energetically with a leath er article of that name, and other playful indis. cretions of a similar character. Mr Moxon preach ed with singular earnestness, and devoted him self to the discharge of his duties with an assidu ity which, receiving its primary impulse in un wonted spiritual fears and fancies, was naturally and almost necessarily convulsive and severe. The approaching marriage of Map- Pynchon was the theme of much gossip in the plantation, and particularly so as no one out of the family knew exactly when the event was to take place. Among the first days of November, however, at an unusually full meeting on lecture day, the in tentions of marriage between her and Holyoke were published, viva voce, in accordance with the colonial law. Mary was present, and in the whis per and flutter and stare which followed the an nouncement, sat in indignant, though silent, re bellion, against what she regarded as a sacrile gious notoriety, as disgusting to every healthful sensibility as it was grateful to prurient and pry ing curiosity. Well grown lasses looked at each other, and tittered. Boys winked and grinned and pressed one another’s toes witli great vigor. Men indulged themselves, on getting out of doors, in jocose remarks that were, for some reason, ut. tered in an under tone. Peter Trimble edified a number of small boys by declaring solemnly to them that the name he had borne was assumed, that his real name was Elizur Holyoke, and that he was the veritable individual who was about to take Mary Pynchon to wife. One sharp boy who ventured to doubt the statement was forbidden to open his head again under pain of immediate scalping. The fourteen days of publishment at last ex pired. Holyoke and a number of friends from the Bay had arrived, and the evening was ap pointed for the performance of the marriage cere mony. Every individual upon the plantation had been invited to the wedding,—an occasion fraught with more of pleasant anticipation than any in the experience of the settlement. The preparations for that wedding,—the furbishing of old dresses, the polishing of rough shoes, the labor night and day to finish a home-spun garment,—the contriv ing, the dreaming, the gossiping—the impatience for the advent of the looked for day and the flut ter of delight as it dawned, need no description. A cool, frosty evening among the closing days of November, produced the long expected hour. The stars were shining brightly, and the fallen leaves were lying in silent heaps upon the ground, as the neighborhood began to collect at the house of the magistrate. The candle wood blazed cheer fully upon the hearth, and welcomed, in its own way, with flashes and sputterings, and jets of smoke, and dancing out-gushings of flame, each guest as he opened the door. There were long, quiet whisperings, and half suppressed jests, and criticisms of dress; and when, at last, all had col lected, expectation began to verge upon impa tience, and every opening door was the signal for a renewed silence. There was one man present who, without companionship, was more profound ly exercised by his emotions than any other. This man was John Woodcock. lie had, for sev eral days, been meditating a step which, to his own mind, was charged with the deepest interest and greatest importance; and he sat revolving it while those around him gave themselves up to levity and the natural excitements of the occa sion. He sat at the back side of the room, and as, occifsionally, his daughter, neatly dressed, en tered the room, on some errand from her mis tress, his eye followed her in every movement, with an interest as apparent to those around him as it was ail absorbing to himself. There was, also, something in the occasion itself that affected him deeply. Unconsciously ho had become a worshiper of Mary Pynchon, as an impersonation of feminine beauty, grace and goodness. The idea of loving her had never entered his heart. His sentiment was one which left love, with its earthly attachments and associations, its thoughts of equality and possession, entirely unconceived. He would have spurned all imputation of passion as unworthy of himself and her. He would not —ho could not—have profaned her presence with any sentiment less selfish than that which lies at the basis of worship,—a reverent admiration that carried with it an entire submission of will and devotion of life. It was a strange heart—that en cased in those rough habiliments. It had once loved, and might, perhaps, have loved again, but for a woman who had inspired him with a senti ment higher than, or inconsistent with,love. He would have cursed himself, as he would any of the common men around him, for any thought of love towards her, and yet, she had wrought so powerfully upon his mind, that all other feminine natures, to which he was not bound by a natural tie, became insipid and valueless. The fact that he could not love her precluded the possibility of his loving any one else. Still, unselfish as were his feelings towards the friend of his child, and earnestly as he wished for her happiness, he could not contemplate her marriage witli Holyoke with out a pang. It was to him (for whnt reason he knew not) the dethronement of a goddess—the degeneration to humanity of an angel. It was SPRINGFIELD, MASS., SATURDAY, AUGUST 11, 1855. not jealousy that moved him; it was no ill will towards Holyoke, and yet, what was ft? Human hearts, rude and Untutored though they may lie, have susceptibilities so strange and profound that the metaphysician lias never probed, and the poet never imagined them. At length, during a deepening hum of conver sation, the door leading from the adjoining apart ment opened, and the participators in the cere mony made their appearance. First came Mr and Mrs Moxon, and they were followed by Mr and Mrs Pynchon, succeeded by Henry Smith and his wife. All these stood until Holyoke ap peared, witli Mary leaning upon his arm, and took Ids position before them. Well might that little assembly be smitten with silence by that vision of noble manhood and radiant beauty,—a silence that was sweet ami holy—a silence pervaded with all pure and happy thoughts, and unsealing the fountains of unconscious tears. The stillness was interrupted by the voice of the minister, in the words, 1 let us pray.’ The prayer uttered was one of genuine feeling, and in its mention of Mary was so fervent and touching that even Woodcock opened his heart to its influences, and joined in the aspiration. At the close of the prayer, the marriage cere mony was performed by Mr Pynchon, who, as the only magistrate present, was alone empowered to officiate upon the occasion. Parental pride and tenderness were too much for magisterial dig nity, and the simple words were said in a broken voice, and witli manifest emotion. When they were concluded, the only persons who went for ward to salute the bride were Ann Smith and her father. There seemed to be a strange restraint upon the assembly. Women who had known Mary for years sat silently in their places, appa rently in much embarrassment. Every out-reach ing of friendly sympathy seemed to be held in painful check, and every one appeared afraid of doing something that somebody would deem wrong. The spell was at last broken by a little fellow who, unknown to his parents, had brought a present to the bride. He left his seat, and, plunging his hand into his pocket, pulled and tugged at its contents till, when he had arrived at Mary’s side, ids round face was as red as a beet. The lad stilk worked manfully, and at length, conquered an intractable bag of chestnuts, which he drew forth, and presented to the bride, amidst a hearty laugh commenced by Holyoke and joined in by Mary, who seized and kissed the little boy as he commenced to retreat, with his heart full of indignation, and his pocket inverted. This little incident broke the spell, so far as the children were concerned, and they pressed forward to make their trifling gifts, and win the smile and kiss which they coveted as their reward. As soon as the children had paid their respects to the bride, the old constraint returned, and, for a few minutes, held the company in its painful thrall. John Woodcock was the first to break the si lence. Rising from his seat, and making his way out of the crowd around him, he crossed the room to where his daughter was standing ab sorbed in, and half bewildered by the scene, and, whispering a few words to her ear, took her by the hand, and led her before the married pair. Mary extended her hand to him, instantly and cordially, and exclaimed, I knew that you would come to me, aud congratulate me.’ That wan’t my arrant any way,’ said Wood cock, bluntly, and I shouldn’t begin with yon if it was.’ ‘Why John! lam astonished!’ exclaimed the bride. I thought you was one of the best friends I had in the world.’ Well, you needn’t change your mind, till yon hear agin, but the fact is when two fellers swap guns ’taint the feller that gets the poorest gun that feels proud, or stands treat, or gets flattered for his bargain.’ Holyoke had heard much of Woodcock, and his quaint humors, and, extending his hand to him good naturedly, said, I am the man who feels proud, and am all ready to be flattered for my bargain.’ When a basket’s full of com, shook down, what’s the use pilin on more?’ said Woodcock. Holyoke laughed heartily at the sally, but Mary, inclined to be vexed, said, I am sorry you do not like my husband.’ I never told anybody I didn’t like him. He likes you, and you like him, and that’s two things that ought to be a recommend to him anywhere. It would ’a been jest the same if the king was your husband. ’Taint in my line to say flatterin things to anybody, but women are better’n men, and always get the little end of the trade, when they get married.’ ‘lt is a comfort to know that you have been cheated on general principles/ said Holyoke to Mary, in a merry tone. But Mary was somehow affected with Wood cock’s seriousness, and, with no reply to Holyoke, beyond a smile, sho asked Woodcock’s reasons for the statement he had made. ‘I didn't come up here to talk about this, and p’raps it aint the right time to do it, but there’s no use backin’ down when you begin. I’ve got a consait that men and women aint built out of the same kind of timber. Look at my hand—a great pile o’ bones covered with brown luthcr, with the hairon, —and then look at yoiim. White oak aint bass, is it? Every man’s hand aint so black as mine, and every woman’s aint so white as yourn, hut there’s always difference enough to show, and there’s jest as much odds in their doins and dispositions as there is in their hands. I know what women be. I’ve wintered and sum mered with ’em, and take ’em by and large, they’re better’n men. Now and then a feller gets hitched to a hedge-hog, but most of ’em get a woman that’s too good for ’em. They’re gentle and kind, and runnin over with good feelins, and will stick to a feller a mighty sight longer’n he’ll stick to himself. My woman’s dead and gone, but if there won't any women in the world, and I owned it, I’d sell out for three shillins, and throw in stars enough to make it ah object for some body to take it off ’o my hands.’ During Woodcock’s delivery of this little speech, several of the company had risen from then seats, and, pressing towards the central group, formed a circle around it, so that when he had arrived at the conclusion, so characteristic of himself, there was a general laugh. Woodcock looked around upon the company, but no smile came upon his features. He had been diverted from the purpose for which he had risen, and was annoyed by the intrusion of so many heads into business that he by no means considered public. Looking around, upon the expectant group, he added, ‘as I was sayin, they’ll stick to a man longer’n he'll stick to himself, but they aint apt to stick where they aint wanted, and are first rate ut mindin their own business.’ ‘This direct hit was understood, and while a few turned and went smiling to their seats, all fell back, and left him to himself and his errand. ‘Some time ago,’ resumed Woodcock, ‘I heard the little ones and some of the old ones tcllin what they was goln to give Mary Pynchon when she got married; and it set me to thinkin what I could give her, for I knew if anybody ought to give her anything it was me. But I hadn’t any money, and I couldn’t send to the Bay for any thing, and I shouldn’t ’a known what to get if I could. I might have shot a buck, but I couldn’t 'a brought it to the wcddln, and it didn’t seem ex actly ship shape to give her anything she could eat up and forget. So I thought I’d give her a keepsake my wife left me when she died. It’s all I’ve got of any vally to me, and its somethin tlmt’ll grow better every day its kep if you’ll take care of it. I dont know what’ll ’come of me, and I want to leave it in good hands.’ The bride began to grow curious, and despite their late repulse, the group began to collect again. ‘lt’s a queer tiling for a present, perhaps, (and Woodcock’s lip began to quiver, and his eye to moisten) but I hope it’ll do you some sarvice.— ’Taint anything’t you can wear in your hair, or throw over your shoulders. It’s—it’s— ‘lt’s what?’ inquired Mary with an encouraging smile. Woodcock took hold of the hand of his child, and placing it in that of the questioner, burst out with, ‘God knows that’s the handle to it,’ and re treated to the window where he spent several minutes looking out into the night, and endeav oring to repress the spasms of a choking throat. Neither Mary Holyoke, nor her husband, could disguise their emotions as they saw before them the living testimonial of Woodcock’s gratitude and trust. Mary stooped and kissed the gift child, who clung to her as if, contrary to her father’s statement, she was an article of wearing apparel. The interview of Woodcock with the bride had lieen somewhat extended, and during its con tinuane: an observant eye would have scenthat Mr Moxon was growing momently more nervous, until he seemed to have arrived at absolute dis tress. The moment that the newly married pair were disengaged, he advanced to them with his wife, and, complaining of indisposition, expressed his regret that he should be obliged to retire, and bid them a good evening. Holyoke was very emphatic in his expressions of sorrow at the ne cessity of this step on the part of the minister, but Mary was simply polite, for her quick heart had divined a secret connected with his presence which deeply concerned her own heart, and made it impossible for her to regret his withdrawal.— The company all rose as the minister retired, and not one sat down as the door was closed. In an incredibly brief space of time, the whole appear ance of the assembly was changed. Silence broke into confused chattering, and the bride, in stead of standing alone in awkward embarrass ment, was surrounded by a band of loving hearts, which gave themselves up to the natural impuls es and emotions of the occasion. But a few min utes had passed after the departure of the minis ter before Mary’s hand had been pressed by eve ry guest,—even the most awkward and bashful finding some kind word for utterance to an ear they had rarely if ever addressed. The hum of unrestrained conversation was at length broken in upon by Mr Pynchon who in formed the company that the newly united pair were to bo installed in their housekeeping that very night, and that they would be happy to be accompanied to their new home by their friends. Accordingly, all made themselves ready’ for the walk, and a happier party, as they laughed and sang along the leaf-strewn street never found themselves together. Arriving at the new house, they found it lighted, a cheerful fire blazing up on tlie hearth, and a bountiful and substantial re past in waiting upon the table, to which full jus tice was immediately done by strong and health ful appetites. The frolic that followed among the younger members of the company received no check from the older and graver portion, and when, at last, the hour for separation arrived, ail retired, feeling that they had been refreshed, re fined and made better. Mrs Pynchon was the last who left the door, and closed the parting scene by a kiss, as vigorous as it was rare, and a special injunction to “sec that the fire was raked up safe.” To one who has drunk deeply of life’s experi ence, a newly married pair is always an object of strong and tender interest. Love is beautiful in itself. Its hearty and unquestioning devotion, its perfect trust, and its soft and gentle sympathies, are very beautiful; and no less beautiful arc the happy souls in which these graces of the passion are realized. But the interest one feels in those commencing life together, in marriage, is based on no abstractions like these. It has its birth in our own experience. Childhood is very beautiful in itself, but wc love it mostly because of its asso ciation with the simple years of Happiness tiiat form the romance of our own past life. We may smile at the frivolous pleasures of childhood, and despise its objects; and, even while we heave a sigh in view of the deep disappointments which await it, in the great discipline of life, drop hot tears that its freshness may never again be ours. Thus is it with love’s childhood, and all its asso ciations. We know that years of trial and patient suffering endured in companionship, and mutual participation in such imperfect joys as the world affords, will produce a love so sweetly sympa thetic, so perfect and profound, that the bliss of the honey-moon shall mimic it only as a shallow pool mimics the ocean, and yet, as we kiss the bride, and grasp the band of her possessor, wc involuntarily do homage to the bliss of ignorance, and sigh for days that we value only as memo ries. Thus it was that, as Holyoke and Mary parted with their company upon their wedding night, their hands were pressed with a warmth beyond the significance of simple friendship. Thus it was that as the company retired, they turned and looked at the house they had left, and turned and looked again, while its rough outline remained in sight, as if its walls were charmed by some heav enly presence. Thus it was that, as the head of each pious family prayed that night, before retir ing, the newly wedded pair were ven- tenderly re membered. Thus it was, also, that even the coarse jester became disgusted with his own poor wit audpoorer heart, and went away breathing benedictions. And thus, this chapter ends, that the scratch of the pen and the click of the type, may not disturb the repose which has settled upon the new house aud its occupants. Summer Travel and Sommer Kemrta* The hard times of the hut year are Illustrated In the paucity of the pleasure travel this seasdn. It is much less this year than for several previous years. There are no such^crowds on the wing this summer, as we have been accustomed to see for some seasons past. Particularly light, com paratively, is the pleasure travel to the west, and hotels and railroads are murmuring at the dull ness of their usually busiest season. The unfa vorable weather for traveling, of June and July, contributed undoubtedly to this state of things; and August is looked to forbringing clearer skies and larger crowds of pleasure travelers. Not un reasonably are these calculations indulged in, for the bright business prospects of the future, spring ing out of the abundant prosperity of the great interest of the country—the agricultural—make everybody feci richer, and suggest a draft upon anticipated Incomes for the purchase of present comfort and pleasure. The hot dog days, too, will turn all hearts and many feet from the steam ing inland valley or the hot festering city, to the cool sea-side breezes, or the strong, ever-flowing mountain air. Thus, though there may not tie the accustomed amount of long travel —to the Mississippi, the White Mountains, Niagara, Mon treal, &c.,—for the season is past for the health ful enjoyment of that, August will pretty surely fill the summer resorts on sea shore and moun tain, and wherever cool breezes blow there will be gathered the sons and daughters of Eve, work ing very hard and spending a great deal of money to get health and comiort, with very doubtful success. The last fortnight has given assurance of this conclusion; Saratoga has filled up wonderfully— the arrivals of one week were between 2000 and 3000; Newport is assuming much of its ancient glory; the Pequot House at New London —the favorite summer hotel on the Sound, —is so full that guests are put to bed against the outside walls; Nahant is more than crowded by a bril liantly fashionable and intellectual company; the Island House at Bellows Falls has nothing over in the way of accommodations; Berkshire swarms witli ‘cits’; and the less notorious but often more comfortable resorts along the ocean and sound shores, and back among the mountainous scenery of our Switzerland of America, have won their admiring circle of guests,—last year’s acquain tances with new comers enough to task every in genuity of disposition. ‘The season’ will be short, but crowded and gay. Such is the word passed around from Nahant and Newport and Saratoga, and a full realization of it is at hand. Pretty much all of us have our favorite places to go to. The question is rather how shall we go, or can we go, than where shall we go But to those at a loss for the place to recreate, for a day, a week or a month, we may suggest a point or two out of our own experienc.’ or observation. If content to breathe country air, there is no bet ter region to roam over than the Connecticut val ley, and the hills back from it. Up and down it are scattered beautiful villages with comfortable hotels. Making some village on the river a cen tral point, the pleasure seeker could sally forth in all directions by steam, or horse, or foot power, finding sources of pleasure and of health in every direction. A day or two at the Revere House, Brattleboro, and the like with Col Shurt leff at Bellows Falls would introduce him to a rich field of table comfort and fine country scen ery. At Stafford Springs, the wind never ceases to sweep up and down the beautiful valley, in whose center the ancient and honorable springs hotel lies embosomed, and here the visitor can snuff the sea-breeze, as the war horse snuffs the raging battle. Then the mountains west of Springfield are beginning to be appreciated for a summer vacation, especially by families. The ‘heaven kissing hills’ of Blandford, from which you may signal your friends in Springfield any bright morning, are peopled this season by a considerable party of New Yorkers, with some of our own people. As to the sea-side, where those who breathe the inland air eleven months in the year, proper ly prefer to go for the twelfth,—Nahant, New port and the Pequot are the three choice spots for fashionable gaiety and the attractions of a large and brilliant company. But if one chooses to ‘lay off’ more familiarly and quietly, the shores of Connecticut, of Long Island and Mas sachusetts are thickly studded with pleasant re treats, where fishing and bathing and eating and sleeeping can be dona without the surveillance of the prim Goddess of Fashion. Of such, most particularly, is the ‘Glades’ in Cohasset, where a party of Springfield gentlemen crowded more enjoyment into a late week, than can be squeezed by steam power out of a whole season at New port. The Glades are reached via Cohasset, which is 20 miles down the coast from Boston, via the Old Colony railroad, and when there you are on a beautiful neck of land stretching out into the great ocean itself. The water is on three sides of you. Boston is seen across the water to the left, the waves roll over the ill-fated site of the Minot ledge light-house a mile or two in front, and the ceaseless procession of vessels going to or returning from Boston by the southern route passes before the eye; while the ocean air to all its blessed purity and stimulating strength fills the lungs and tickles the nostrils, and the musi cal roar of the waves forever dashing ou the rocks in front, on the rocks at the side and on the rocks behind never ceases to fill the ear with its sweet sound. The hotel is exceedingly well kept, the landlord is a liberal gentleman—and his name is James M. Clark—not a greedy cor morant as too many of his class are; the bathing facilities are favorable; fine boats for fishing and sailing are cheaply and readily furnished; and the fishing is most excellent, both for mackerel and cod. Sea perch are also abundantly caught from the shore, and the ‘old heads’ have occa sional streaks of luck with the bass,—the richest and most delicious eating of all our sea fish. Five of the Springfield party caught about as many hundred of mackerel in an hour or two’s fishing, two miles off from shore; and the mackerel fisherv is, indeed, a source of livelihood to many persons in that neighborhood. lu the^ vicinity are also many other pleasant ocean .shore hotels—the Rockland House on Nantosket beach, where Mr Fisk, formerly of the Massasoi* House, caters to the pleasures of the guests; the Minot House, the Old Colony House at Hingham, etc. But we -speak by the liook’ when we say that the Glades and its landlord aud its fishing and its sea breezes and its pretty girls are worthy of cultiva tion. With like attractions does a correspondent, on whom wo relv, invest ‘Charles Island, otl trom Milford, Ct., where fine accommodations for fam ilies or passing guests are furnished by Mr Geo b. Earle, formerly of this city, and Mr lowers of Phil adelphia. It is a place of much resort for persons connected with the railroads. and several of the PRICE: FIVE CENTS 81/50 PER YEAH. New Ingland roads wer represented there last week. This fact ia enough to guaranty its excel lencies, for railroad conilucton and engineers and baggage men always show a keen taste for the beautiful and the comfortable. The “Charles Island” is readily reached from Milford, which is on the line of the New York and New Haven railroad, but only the way trains from Springfield —at 7 a. m. and 2 p. m.,—stop there. As our experience and observation widen, wc may add to our notes for the enlightenment of the weary reader seeking rest from hot toil and the drudgery of dog-day work. My Hasbawa. A PRETTT SKETCH EROM RKAI, LITR. My husband is a very strange man. *To think how he could have grown so provoked about such a little thing as that scarlet scarf. Well, there is no use in trying to drive him; I’ve settled that in my mind. But he can lie coaxed—eon’t he though? And from this time shan’t I know how to manage him? Still there is no denying Mr Adams is a strange man. You see. It was this morning at breakfast, I said to him; ‘Henry, I must have one of those ten dollar scarfs at Stewart’s. They are perfectly charming, and will correspond so nicely witli my rnaroon velvet cloak. I want to go this morning and get one before thev are all gone.’ ‘Ten dollars don’t grow on every bush, Adeline, and just now times are very hard, you know,’ he answered, in a dry, careless kind of tone, which irritated me greatly. B side that, I knew he could afford to get me the scarf, just as well as not, only perhaps my manner of requesting it did not quite suit his lordship. ‘Gentlemen who can afford to buy satin vests at ten dollars apiece, can have no motive but penu riousness for objecting to give their wives as much for a scarf,’ I retorted, glancing at the money, which a moment before, he had laid by my plate, requesting me to procure one for him; he always trusts me in these matters. I spoke angrily," and should have been sorry for it the next moment, if he had not answered. ‘You will then charge it to my penurionsness, I suppose, when I tell you that you cannot have another ten dollars.’ ‘Well, then, I will take this and get a scarf. You can do without the vest this fall,’ and I took up the bill and left the room, for he did not an swer. I need it, and must have it! was my mental ob servation, as I washed my tear-swollen eyes and adjusted my hair for a walk on Broadway; but all the while there was a whispering stray heart: ‘Do not do it. Go and buy the vest for your husband,’ and at last that inner voice triumphed. I went down to the tailor’s, bought the vest, and brought it home. ‘Here it is, Henry; I selected the color that I thought would suit you best. Isn’t it rich?’ I said, as I unfolded "the vest after dinner; for somehow my pride was all gone. I had felt so much happier since I had given up the scarf. He did not answer me, but there was such a look of tenderness filling his dark eyes as his lips fell on my forehead, that it was as much as I could do to keep from crying outright. But the cream of the story is not yet told. At night, when he came home to tea, he threw a little bun dle into my lap. I opened it, and there was the scarlet scarf, the very one I set my heart on at Stewart's vesterdav. Oh, Henry!’ I said, looking up and trying to thank him, but my lips trembled and the tears dashed over the eye lashes; and he drew my head to his heart and smoothed down my curls, and murmured the old loving words in my ear, while I cried there a long time, but my tears were such sweet ones. He is a strange man, my husband, but he is a noble one too, only it is a little hard to find it out sometimes; and it seems my heart says more earnestly to night than ever before God bless him! Rhode Island Hobse and Cattle Exhibi tion. —This exhibition, which is advertised to commence on Tuesday, 11th September, and to continue through the week, under the auspices of the Rhode Island Society for the encouragement of domestic industry, bids fair, as far as horses are concerned, to be’ the greatest ever known. This was said to be the case in regard to the Springfield exhibition in 1853. As the Rhode Inland Society offer, in many instances, higher premiums than were offered on that occasion and as competition is equally open to all the states and the British Provinces, it is fair to presume that this exhibition will excel the one referred to. It is the intention of the board of managers to invite disinterested gentlemen from other states to act as judges, thus avoiding any imputation of partiality to our own citizens. As the great feature of the exhibition is to be the house, the show of cattle, sheep, swine and poultrv, and the ploughing match, is con fined to the first day, and although competition is equally open, a comparatively small amount of premiums is offered. The amount, however, is much larger than has been offered by the socie ty on any former occasion. The society have appropriated seven thousand dollars for the pay ment of premiums and of the expenses of the ex hibition, and are secured from loss by responsi ble guarantors, among whom are many of our large capitalists and most intelligent and enter prising citizens. It will be noticed that an auc tion sale is to be held on the last day. As our city is an excellent market for horses, and as a large concourse of visitors from abroad will nn doubtedly be present, an additional inducement is thus offered to distant owners hating fine horses to dispose of, to exhibit them on this oc casion. The grounds selected are eminently well adapted to the purposes of the exhibition. We are pleased to notice that arrangements have been made for the transportation of passengers and stock, for this occasion at reduced rates, as far west as Lake Erie, with the Stonington line and New York and Erie railroad, and cannot but hope that most if not all other railroads and steamboat companies will act w ith the same enlightened lib erality. Providence Journal. Womb Knowing.— One pound of green cop peras (costing seven cents) dissolved in one quart of water and poured down a privy, will effectually concentrate and destroy the foulest smells. For water closets on board ships and steamltoats, about hotels aud other places, there is nothing so nice to cleanse and purify those places, as simple green copperas, dissolved: and for sick rooms it may be placed under the bed in anything which will hold water, and thus render a hospital or other places of the sick, free uom unpleasant smells. lor butcher’s stalls, fish markets, slaughter houses, sinks, and wherever there are putrid and offensive gases, dissolve copperas and sprinkle it about, ami in a very few days the "bad smell" will pass away. If a cat, rat or mouse dies about the house and sends forth an offensive gas, place some dis solv-t copperas in a cup or jar, anywhere within smelling distance,” and the cure is sure. I have known a stock of dry goods which were nearly spoiled by a slunk under a store, to be cleaned and restored by simply sprinkling dissolved cop peras about the floor. Salem Garett^. Catholic Influence in the United States. —Maryland, the first state where the Ro man Catholic church gained a footing, now con tains eight hundred and seven Protestant church es. and onlv sixty-five Catholic congregations. In Florida the Catholics early made settlement. Now there are one hundred and seventy Protestant and only five Catholic churches! Louisiana was set tled by the Catholics, who now have fitly-fire churches in the state, while the Protestants have two hundred and fortv-seven congregations. In Texas, the Catholics were the first sect in point of time; thev now have thirteen churches,but the Protestants report three hundred and seven socie ties in the state. The number of Episcopal, Lu theran and Roman Catholic churches are nearly tlie same throughout the country, but each 01 the three denominations, have about one-rlennth ot the number of the Methodists, scarcely one-euthth that of the Baptists, anil uot one-fourth that of the Presto ’teriaus. The curin' Protestant popula tion of the country, compared with that of tha Catholic, is about as twelve to one. These are facts which should lie universally known, that the former mav be encouraged and the latter disheart ened in their respective aspirations.”

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2 Qljc MfpttMican. SPRINGFIELD, AUGUST 8, 1855. Why W«» the Governor of Knn»n» Re moved The removal of Governor Reeder is the saddest blunder and worst crime of Pierce's weak nnd wicked administration. The land speculation pretense is not even specious, nnd the executive is now brooding silently, to hatch some other reason for an act which its friends dare not at tempt to justify before the people. The Wash ington Star, alone of the papers that profess to speak for the administration, intimates the true reason for the removal of Governor Reeder, when it says: "For reasons not to be considered in a hasty paragraph, because they are connected with every item of the history of the organization and growth of the territory of Kanzas, a dwuWoc*-has occurred between the representatives of the peo ple of that territory and the governor, The whole legislative business of the territory has been brought to a stand-still. It must be appa rent from this fact alone that the day of Governor Reeder’s usefulness to the territory of Kanzas passed away with the occurrence ot that event. Wise policy, to say nothing of duty to that young and growing community, would thus seem to de mand that a trial be made of a new man.” It appears plainly from this declaration, that the administration not only recognizes the mob of Missourians in session at Shawnee mission, as the representatives of the people of that territory— when everybody knows that they were elected by a crowd of Missourians who drove the legal voters of Kanzas from the ballot-boxes —but con demns governor Reeder for refusing to sanction their removal of the temporary seat of govern ment, in defiance of his veto and of the law of Congress. In fact the unhappy men in power at Washington place themselves actually, as they will soon openly, on the side of the lawless prop agandists of slavery, who are determined to le galize that institution on the soil of Kanzas, by violence and fraud, against the welfare and the will of the actual settlers. So grave and alarm ing an attack upon popular rights and the first principles of all government, has never before been attempted in this country. If land speculations had been the true reason for the removal of the governor of Kanzas, why were not his associates, the judges and district at torney of the territory also removed, who were concerned with him in the attempt to purchase Indian lands. The fact is that government agents have always been in the habit of purchasing wild lands. In that way General Cass made his princely fortune in Michigan. The admin istration has been able to find no law or decision forbidding purchase of lands in the circumstances under which the Kanzas officials bought —or rather were about to buy, if the president approved and there is on record at Washington a letter drafted only last winter, in which the law officers of the adminis tration stated that there was no objection to such purchase. Moreover when similar charges were made against Captain French and other officers at Fort Leavenworth, nearly a year ago, forlocating a town site on the Delaware reservation, the sec retary of war sustained them, with the sanction of the president, and they retained their pur chases. In his reply to secretary Marcy, on the receipt of which at Washington governor Boeder was summarily dismissed, he distinetjy denies the only specific charge, “purchases of half-breed res ervations.'’ He had only agreed to purchase, with others, if the president approved. The other charge is entirely vague, "other specula tions in lands of the territory of Kanzas, ap parently in violation of acts of Congress and of regulations of the departments;” and this is gen erally denied, with a request that the offense may be distinctly pointed out, as well as the law or regulation supposed to be violated. He asked this as an act of simple justice, before any decis ion in his case should be made. But simple jus tice would have been very inconvenient for presi dent Pierce under the circumstances, and this rea sonable request was therefore rudely denied. The petition of the mob legislature of Kanzas to president Pierce, asking for the removal of gov ernor Boeder, is one of the most impudent docu ments we remember to have read. Its logic and style, as well as ill manners, smack of Brigham Young and the Mormon conventicle. They call the governor a clog to the government of Kan zas, and accuse him of “a wilful and base design to lead the less informed into the commission of treasonable acts, and endeavoring, by all the means in his power, to subvert the ends and ob jects intended to be accomplished by the Kanzas and Nebraska bill.” In this last clause lies the ex-governor’s great and unpardonable offense. He was not ready to aid in the great object of the Kanzas and Nebraska bill—the establishment of slavery—by violating the provisions of the act itself, and allowing Missourians from over the border to monopolize the prerogatives of the actual Atlers. For that, and for that alone, the Atchison mob demanded, and the president of the United States has decreed his removal from of fice. It is not easy to give a name to this trans action adequately expressing the general indigna tion and scorn. Words fail, and the stem logic of action can alone express the decision of the people. The Wheeler Case. The Washington Union states the course of law which Williamson, the Philadelphia abolitionist, is to undergo, for aiding in the release of consul Wheeler’s slaves—in all which the administration will no doubt actively participate—first a case of assault and battery upon Wheeler, before the Pennsylvania courts second, the contempt case, for which he is now receiving punishment without trial, and is also liable to trial and subse quent punishment, unless he shall expurgate him. self by making a new return to the writ of habeas corpus and bringing back the slaves; fourth,a prose cution for perjury in making the said false return, and lastly an action by Mr Wheeler to recover the value of his fugitive property ami damages for his own detention from official duties. Sev eral of these cases will bring into question the right of Mr Wheeler to hold slaves in Pennsyl vania. All proceedings arc necessarily stayed, however, until Judge Kane’s wise sense of jus tice is satiated by the imprisonment of William son, which, under the “higher law” of court etiquette, may continue during his natural life, if Kane so decrees. Court Etiquette vsEquitv.—The ground upon which Judge Lewis of Philadelphia, based his refusal to grant a writ of habeas corpus in the Williamson case, was, that one court cannot in terfere with the action of another in cases of con tempt. The array of authorities by Judge Lewis shows that this is one of the established principles of court etiquette, but it does not follow that it is therefore a rule of law or equity. It evidently gives to a judge a very dangerous power, as how ever unjust or malicious his decision may be, ho may imprison a citizen on pretense of contempt, and there is no power that can release his victim or bring the matter to legal revision. If this is •o, then we need special legislation to protect the people against court etiquette. I'olltlcal Note The Easton (P».) Argus, Gov Reeder’s organ, denonnv. -the administration lustily ott account of the removal of that gentleman flrom'ofllae. The Argus Is a democratic paiwr in regular stand ing. Gov Reeder's removal ought to revolution ize IVnnsylvnula, and Insure Its thorough opposi tion to the administration. He should be invited home, and his title of governor confirmed to him by an election as the republican, nnti-ndmln istratton candidate for the chief executive head of the Key-Stone state, (From the Easton Argus.) Imujediatelv after the first election held in Kanzas, one after another of the Missouri In vaders called upon the president and filed their complaints against the governor, charging him with neglect of his official duties, illegal specula tions in lands, &c. We state upon authority that cannot he disputed, that President Pierce at that time told a friend. ‘I am satisfied that Governor Reeder possesses firmness, honesty and capacitv, and a man who has those three qualities don t often get wrong.’ We happen to know, too, that our chief magistrate gave Governor Reeder re peated personal assurances that ‘he approved of his course, and would have acted precisely as he did in the same position.’” A new and more promising movement is begun for uniting the two factions of the old democratic party of New York. The administration or soft state conventton is to lie enlarged so that each faction may have a delegate from each district, and in this way they propose to get together, and smoke the pipe of pence. The Albany Argus, the organ of the hard shells, approves of the plan, and the Journal of Commerce is quite delighted with the prospect of re-union, and gives in its adhesion to the organization thus to be formed in substantial support of the administration and its pro-slavery policy. The know somethings and anti-slavery know nothings of New York have made a formal union, through the action of their respective councils assembled at Rochester last week. Their plat form embraces no more slave states and prohi bition of liquor, and invites co-operation. If there i-no open republican fusion iuNwYork this united organization will prove a formidable power at the November election, as will its kin dred party, under like circumstances, in Massa- chusetts. The know nothings can never win an other victory, as such, in the free states. The know somethings or the republicans arc rapid ly supplanting them. The Boston Courier which deserted the whig party in 1852, opposing Scott and favoring Tierce, now wants to rc-organizc and perpetuate the whig organization. It is to be hoped, if there is any future for the whig party, it will be spared such guardianship. It better die if for no other reason than to save itself the discredit of such nursing.—The Boston Atlas, as a means to bring the North together, favors the meeting of the whigs of Massachusetts in convention. It con cedes, at last, that the whig organization has pretty much given out: ‘'Break up the whig party 1 it already lies, crush ed to the earth by the misfortunes of last Novem er, terribly if not hopelessly broken. Assume to be the factor of the whig party! alas! there is not much left to dispose of. Isaac Reed accepts the nomination for governor of the hunker remnant of the whigs of Maine, "and thus lends himself to the aid of the Nebras ka and anti-liquor law party.—Amasa McCoy, a member of the republican committee of New York, retires from it, because he will have noth ing to do with any organization of whose plat form temperance is not the chief constituent. He is the editor of the Prohibitionist, the Maine law paper, and a member of the state temperance committee.—The Washing ton Union endorses and urges the proposed fusion between the hard-shell democrats and know nothings of New York, and the New York Jour nal of Commerce is unhappy because there is a strong prospect that it cannot be effected.—The aristocracy of the democracy are writing and talk ing up ex-vice president Dallas, for Gen Pierce’s successor. Gen Jackson’s dead bones would run better.—Senator Jones of Tennessee, who used to be a bright and sinning light of national whig gery, has taken on the negro-phobia strong, and now that his know nothing schemes have essen tially failed to hoodwink the North, is seeking to unite the South as one party in behalf of the slavery interest. He proposes as the basis of its operations to make opposition to slavery a disqualification for office, and declares that no man must be chosen president who doubts the justice and economy of the slave system. And there are yet men at the North who call this na tional, and opposition to it sectionalism! The know nothing council of ward 3, Boston, are in doubt where to go, with the old organiza tion, of which Col Foster is president, or with the newly established section who believe with the Palmer Journal that the action of the Massachu setts delegates at Philadelphia was wrong and ‘cowardly.’ They have concluded to await the state council of the regular organization at Spring field this week, the president meantime threat ening if that meeting does not take strong Amer ican ground, he shall repudiate its action. —The Boston Telegraph says: ‘‘The Warren Co. branch of the k. n.’s have opened a hall in Boyls ton street, and are initiating considerable num bers each week. J. E. Farwell is said to Ite presi dent, and John Binney vice president. They claim that they shall cany the city this fall— not caring how the state goes. They sympa thize with the liquor interest.” The administration party in Vermont have nom inated Merritt Clark of Poultney for governor, Stoddard B. Colby of Montpelier for lieutenant governor, and John A. Page of Montpelier for state treasurer; selected D. A. Smalley of Bur lington and J. P. Kidder for delegates at large to the next national convention of the party, and re solved in favor of Gen Pierce and his administra tion, though adroitly avoiding any direct refer ence to the great question. They mean, however, what, they dare not to avow in New England,—to sustain the administration in its course in regard to Kanzas and slavery.—Most or all of the know nothing candidates for local offices in Windham county (Brattleboro, &c.,) have declined in order to secure a union with the republicans upon the same ticket. —The know nothing state council of Vermont have issued a long address reviewing the history of the Philadelphia convention, exposing the pro-slavery character of its platform, and call ing a union of the men of the free states to defeat the administration and put an end to the inroads of slavery. —Rev Addison Brown presided at a fu sion meeting of the citizens of Brattleboro, Vt., last Saturday night, and B. D. Harris was chair man of the committee on resolutions, which were of the true republican stamp. John J. Crittdnden of Kentucky, though join ing the American party which lias taken, the place of the whig in that state, cannot reconcile himself to its religious persecution, but at a late assemblage of the party declared that “he was utterly hostile to imposing any penalties, proscrip tion, or disability upon any man on account of his religion. He had, he said, the fullest confi dence in'our native Catholics. He knew native Catholics in Kentucky, in whom, as citizens, or patriots, or soldiers, he had as full confidence as in any other men of any faith whatever, and for whom he would vote if they were liefore him as candidates. He felt sure they acknowledged no allegiance to the pope that was superior to their allegiance to their country or equal to It. He would trust Kentucky blood and Kentucky prin ciples against all the seductions of any foreign power.” Suppose the Catholics were opposed to slavery, would he and his American friends speak so softly of them then Mr Benton has proven that John C. Calhoun' approved of the Missouri compromise at the time It was adopted, and defended its constitutionality many years after in a congressional speech. THE SPRINGFIELD WEEKLY REPUBLICAN: SATURDAY, AUGUST 11, 1855. At a convention of the k. n.’s In Batavia, N. Y the following carefully sawed and planed nnd matched slavery plank was laid down “The only platform that ran be constructed upon the subject ot slavery, must be based upon that toleration which dim to each individual, u-ho it willing to abide by the constitution and the laws patted under anti in pursuance thereof, the privilege of holding his own opinions in relation thereto," The St. Louis Democrat, in speaking of the Philadelphia convention, thinks that the North has not only maintained ‘‘the jxrwndiculiirity of its spinal column, but run it char into the ground, From this we argue favorable. If the northern backbone, whicli did such inflexible service on that occasion, has been “planted, may we not look for a crop of baeklxmcs, which will astonish slavedom. Tito free democratic league of New York city have issued a call for a state convention at Syra cuse on the 26th of September, the same time mid place as the whig and republican conventions. The Southern Klecllwns. Five of the slave states hold their annual state elections, and this year for members of congtesa also, within the first week of August; North Carolina and Tennessee, on the Ist, and Ken tucky, Alabama and Texas, on the 6th. The oth er southern states, that have not yet chosen their members of the new congress, Georgia, Maryland, Mississippi and Louisiana, vote later in the season, the last in November. The whig party presents no tickets in either of these states, but is swallowed up by the American party. A few of its old members refuse to thus transfer themselves, and have joined the admin istration forces. The contest in them all is thus tietween the administration and the American parties. Except so far as the Americans have re nt minuted those few whig members of congress who voted against the repeal of the Missouri com promise, whose re-election would be a source of great satisfaction, there is very little cause for in terest in the results of these elections, among the people of the free states. However they eventuate, they can add no strength to the northern view of the great and only question of politics that now divides the country. As a general thing, each of the contending factious favors the outrages upon freedom and justice in Kanzas, and supports the extension of slavery; and between such we can of course have no choice. Indeed, each apparently strives to outdo the other in devotion to every measure calculated to strengthen the slave-hold ing interest, and judging by the discussions in the papers and on the stump, the only question at issue is which party and which candidates will favor the extremest measures for the advantage of ‘the in stitution.’ A noble issue, truly, for the people of the boasted Republic of the world! If the administration party is defeated, there fore, in these elections, we shall be glad, for we desire, as much as we desire any thing, to see the powers at Washington overthrown at every point. If, on the contrary, the American party prove the losers, we shall equally rejoice, for of all things lamentable, the triumph of a party based upon the Philadelphia platform, and uniting to the most rampant and radical pro-slaveryism, the system of a secret political organization, quarreling with people about their religion and birth-place, would be the most lamentable. Because they proved true, when the majority were false; because they resisted with noble firm ness that perfidious act of repeal, which has dis. graced freedom, the Republic and the age, and thrown the country into a severe and bitter agi tation, shall we learn with rejoicing, or with deep regret, of the election or defeat of these candidates for re-election to congress: In North Carolina, Richard C. Puryear; in Tennessee, William Cullom, R. M. Rugg, Emerson Ether idge, Taylor; in Louisiana,Theodore G. Hunt. Beyond these we do not care a groat which whips —we only wish defeat could overtake both sides. Both Tennessee and North Carolina have prob ably gone for the administration party over the know nothings. Six administration men, inclu ding Clingman, and two Americans arc believed to be chosen to congress from North Carolina. One of the latter is Richard C. Puryear, who in the last congress votcd*against the Missouri com promise iniquity. Thirty-eight counties in Ten nessee show but 525 gain for Gentry, k. n. for governor, and this was being rapidly reduced. The administration men claim the election of their candidate, Johnson. No decisive results from the Tennessee congressmen. Our Foreign Difficulties.—Mr Greeley writes from Paris to the Tribune: “One of the few good measures of which Mr Marcy and General Pierce may be proud—the notice of the lapse of the treaty with Denmark, which is a virtual refusal to pay the Sound dues, and which has been hailed by every friend of commercial liberty—is now to undergo a severe trial. The Danish government has answered the notice in a long memorial. To acquiesce in the American demands, it says, would bring with it the sacrifice of thousands of pounds sterling, while Denmark is just now not prepared to make such a sacrifice. The Danes reckon upon the diplomatic support of Russia in this delicate matter, since it is well known that the czar considers Denmark already as an integral part of his empire, and the statesmen of Copen hagen are in the best hopes as to the withdrawal of the given notice, for they are fully aware of the influence of the Russian embassador at Wash ington. It is with great pleasure that I chronicle the fact of the American bark Undine, Capt Merry man, bound from New York to Hamburg, having refused to give up her papers to the Hanoverian guard-ship of Stade, resisting successfully the payment of the illegal Stade dues against which the Germans have complained since 1815, and which occupied the attention of the Frankfort Diet for many years without any result whatever. The American captain has set an example to all the seafaring nations, and deserves the greatest praise for his manly conduct.” Land Sharks Rioting. The emigrant runners of New York, who lose the opportunity to rob emigrants freely, by the making of Castle Garden an emigrant depot, manifested their indignation on Saturday by riot ing. The gates were attacked and an attempt made to batter them down. One or two of the commissioners were also assaulted, and it was not until firearms were presented to the mob that they fell back. A large force of armed police was kept on duty throughout Saturday night, but no disturbance occurred. A meeting was held on the battery, at New York, Monday evening, of those opposed to the conversion of Castle Garden into an emigrant de pot; the ‘runners,’ whose business it interferes with, were the principal movers in the affair, and they formed in procession with a field piece at their head; the principal speakers threatened forci ble resistance to the occupation of the building for emigrant purposes, and a number of rockets were fired into and over the building for the pur pose, as some in the crowd intimated, of getting it on fire. A large police force was in the build ing at the time, to prevent any violence upon it, but tbeir services were not required. Wilson to be Executed.—The governor and council have denied the petition for the commu tation of the punishment of John Wilson, the state prison convict who murdered a fellow con vict, and have assigned Friday the sth day of Oc tober next, as the day for his execution, whicli will toke place in the Suffolk county jail yard. John Blattner, and his paramour, Louisa Ko*ch, have been arrested at St. Louis, for an at tempt to starve to death a little boy, son of Blattner, the object being to obtain possession of property which his mother had left him. The boy was fastened in a room with his hands tied behind his back, where, at the time of his dis covery, he had been confined for two days, with out having had a morsel to eat or drink, For the Republican Kmlgrallon Kaa«a«. A recent number of the Republican contained a communication arguing “the necessity of more effective measures for sending emigrants to Kan zas The author of the communication Indulges a little in harmless criticism upon the Emigrant AM company’s course, and gives the public to un derstand that it is “only a halfway business nt t h e K Bt There is no provision made lordraw ing smail regular contributions Horn the masses f Tho m ntleman In question Is evidently ignorant of the whole plan, or he would not have presented to the public ns original the principal feature ol •he constitution of every Kanzas league. inere are manv of these leagues in existence, ami they “draw their funds from the masses of the people in small regular contributions” for the express object set forth by the article in question. There is one of these leagues in Springfield, another in Northampton, another in Worcester, they also exist in Lowell, Lawrence, Salem, and in tact in almost every important locality in New Englund. The machinery for peopling Kanzas is perfect. All we need now is the motive power—will and money. Will not the author of the article refer red to pay his dollar to the nearest league, or what is better procure a constitution and establish one in his own citv or town, and induce his neigh bors to join it, and thus aid In the glorious work of making a free state? This, however, we can hardly hope for, as the fault-finders thus far in this movement have been do-nothings. K. (ET-The last sentence of the above is gratuitous and unjust. Our correspondent who suggested some improvements upon the Emigrant Aid com pany’s plan of operations, is a man of practice as well as theory —a worker as well as a talker. But it is not wise to waste time or strength in disput ing about the means to the end, so long as that Aid is in so great doubt and danger, and every energy is needed to strengthen the hands of the in strumentalities now at work to secure freedom to Kanzas. The Emigrant Aid company is doing all that its means will permit it to do, and so far as we can perceive, doing it well. Yet we like the suggestion of our first correspondent that the ap peal for subscriptions should be brought more directly home to the people in their several local ities, and small sums ns freely asked for as stock subscriptions. This, by’ a modification of the plans of the Emigrant Aid company, might be as well done, perhaps lietter, through that organiza tion, than by a new and rival one. But there need be no excuse for not aiding in the great work on the part of those who desire to contribute their mite. Opportunity waits upon desire. Yet desire is quickened by bringing opportunity near er and nearer to the individual heart. Kanzas AHairs. A private letter from Hampden in Kanzas, dat ed July 21st, informs us of the continued health of the colonists. They experience much incon venience for want of a saw mill, which they anx iously hope will be furnished by the liberality of their friends at home. Joiners, cabinet makers, and blacksmiths and two or three tanners could at once do a profitable business there. They throw away their hides and pay an extravagant price in Missouri for shoes and boots. Their crops had come forward admirably and they were having new com and other green things. A judicious investment of capital would make Hampde n the center of trade for a region half as large as Massachusetts, which is rapidly filling qp. A new free state paper is about to be started at Council City, the settlement of the New York aid company, which has now 1500 inhabitants and is growing fast. —The Lawrence Herald of Freedom asserts that not only are the settlers from the free states opposed to the introduction of slavery into Kanzas, but a large portion of the emigrants from Missouri also. Fort Scott dis trict is chiefly settled by Missourians, but they are as energetic friends of the free state move ment as any in the territory. They do not pro fess to be abolitionists or to have conscientious scruples about slavery, but oppose its introduc tion on purely selfish and economical grounds. The Herald says that more slaveholders have emigrated from the territory than have entered it during the past six months. Eli Thayer of Worcester is about to go to Maine, to organize a colony of lumbermen for Kanzas. He says, “They are the strongest and bravest men on this continent—the Highlanders of America.” A Shawnee Indian made a speech at the 4th of July celebration at Lawrence, in which he saidz “A white cloud came from the far East; it came.over us, and settled down all around and with us; it is before me to-day; I feel glad to be with you to-day—to eat, to drink the cup of peace end good will with you—to hear prayer of thanks and praise to our Great God. The songs, so strange to me, are good; and the speech es which your chiefs have made, so strong for freedom, and opposed to slavery,—though I don’t wish to say much on that subject,—arc right. I believe as strongly as you of the wickedness of slavery, and I see before me the good which comes from freedom. All these things—your hearty wel come, and my deep sympathy in your cause, make me feel happy —I know lam among friends." The friends of Mr Dawson insist that he will not accept the governorship of Kanzas. It is not easy to see how he could do so, knowing for what purpose he is appointed, if he recently said, as the Detroit Advertiser affirms that he did, I now regret my vote upon the Nebraska bill; I consider that measure as of most injudicious pol icy for the democratic party and the administra tion —as an act ofgross injustice to the North, and of glaring bad faith on the part of the South.” It is intimated that this appointment was made in order that it might be declined, and thus afford the president a pretext for appointing an ultra southern man, or which would be equally to Atchison’s purpose, leaving secretary Woodson at the head of affairs in Kanzas. Woodson has defined his position and been labelled by String fellow as “sound on the goose.” Newfoundland Telegraph.—The directors of the Newfoundland telegraph company, with representatives of the leading papers in New York,will sail from that city on Tuesday, on a trip combining business with pleasure, to Newfound land, to witness the laying of the submarine cable from the main land to the island. They expect to be gone about a month. Rev Mr Field, editor of the New York Evangelist, with Mrs Field and a young lady of this city, and Bayard Taylor will be of the party. The trip will no doubt be a pleasant one. The enterprise with which it is connected, is preparatory to the grand scheme of the sub-Atlantic telegraph, which is to give us instantaneous communication with Europe. The Newfoundland telegraph will terminate at St John, the most easterly point of that island, which is one day nearer to Liverpool than is Hal ifax. The steamers will touch at St John as soon as this line is completed, and the news will be telegraphed thence. FatiU Steamboat Collision. The steamer General McDonald, while on an excursion from Philadelphia to Cape Muy, Satur day night, came in collision witli the schooner A. G. Foase, about 9 o’clock, off Lazaretto. Some ten or twelve persons, who were in the barber’s shop of the steamer, were swept overboard and drowned. Most of the passengers being strangers, it is impossible to give the names or the exact number of the lost. The schooner sustain ed little injury, but the steamer was damaged to the extent of about S2OOO, the wheel bouse and all the rooms on one side being carried away by the boom of the schooner. The schooner showed a light, but the night was so dark and stormy that the pilot was deceived as to his distance from the steamer. Literary laalltatlaaa. The Pittsfield Young laidlos’ Institute now has 175 pupils, the greater proportion troardlng In the institution. The price per year has been raised to SIOO nt this school; but this includes every thing. board, washing, lights, fuel, music, lan guages, etc. There uro no gouges for ‘extras.’— The State Normal school nt Westfield has had IK) pupils during the Inst year, 42 males mid 141 females. There are no charges for tuition, Ao., save one of 5K3 per year for incidental expenses, to pupils who intend to tench in the public schools of this state. Those who propose teaching out of the state or in private schools arc charged sls n year. But it is necessary to admission Hint the inqill intends to become n teacher somewhere. George N. Bigelow of Clinton, has been ap pointed principal of the state Normal school at Framingham, In place of Eben S. Stearns, resign ed.—Rev Dr Wayhind Is about to resign the pres idency of Brown university, Providence, after a service of 29 years. Twenty-four young men graduated from Phil lips academy at Andover, on Tuesday week; the school Is now in a highly prosperous condition, the catalogue showing 396 scholars, of whom 222 were in the classical department, and the remain der in the English.—Thomas A. Lewis of Ware was solutatorian and Edmund B. Allis of Whate ly, valedictorian, at the late exhibition of Willis ton seminary at Easthampton; and among the other speakers were Daniel Bowe of West Spring field, Wm D. Spaulding of Enfield, Ct., A. J. Taylor and Myron A. Munson of Huntington, aud Ezra W. Matthews of Hadley. During the past year. $100,900 has been secur ed by contribution to the Wesleyan University (Methodist) at Middletown, Ct., us a fund to main tain instruction. Isaac Rich of Boston gave $20,000, nnd a New Yorker $5,000, and the Con necticut legislature voted SIO,OOO. Measures have been taken to secure $50,000 more for a new building and other desirable material Improve ments; the Bostonians pledge $20,000, if their N. York brothers will equal it, and Middletown and the alumni raise the remaining SIO,OOO. At the commencement of Dartmouth college, the honorary degree of LL. D. was conferred upon Salmon P. Chase of Ohio, ex-senator Jacob Collamer of Vermont. Isaac F. Redfield, chief justice of Vermont, and Matthew Harvey of New Hampshire. Mayor Smith of Boston received the degree of Master of Arts, and Revs E. E. Cummings, Carlton Hurd and Elisha Rockwood, that of Doctor of Divinity. Among the alumni present were Judge Parker of Cambridge, chief justice Perley, Salmon P. Chase of Ohio, and John Wentworth of Chicago.—At the commence ment of Union college, Schenectady, N. Y., the degree of A. B. was conferred upon fifty gradu ates and of A. M. upon thirty; the college has ceased granting the degree of D. D., considering the market at present overstocked. Bowdoin college, at Bath, Maine, graduated 35 students at its commencement, 31st ult.; Prof Felton of Harvard college and Rev Mr Thompson ofthe New York Independent spoke at the com mencement dinner; and the degree ofLL. D. was conferred upon Ruel Williams of Augusta; and D. D. upon Prof B. H. Hitchcock, and Rev Cazneau T’alfrey of Belfast. The university of Vermont at Burlington grad uated a class of twenty this year. Z. K. Pang born, the new editor of the Worcester Transcript, is selected as the substitute poet for the alumni exercises next year. The literary and social fes tivals of commencement week—the last week— were highly interesting. The degree of M. D. was conferred upon three persons, and the honor ary degree of A. M. was conferred on George W. Gibbs of London, Hiram F» Stevens of St Al bans; Josiah Brigham of Mississquoi; George F. Edmunds, L. E. Chittenden and Levi Under wood of Burlington, and John L. Lampson of Tennessee. The honorary degree of M. D. was conferred on Samuel Beaumont of Plattsburg, and John F. Miles of Hinesburg. The annual scientific gathering commences at Providence next week Wednesday, the 15th. The name of the society is the American Association for the Advancement of Science,’ and this is its ninth annual meeting. It has about 1009 mem bers, consisting not only of those who arc actu ally engaged in scientific pursuits, but of others, who are the patrons and friends of science, who appreciate its importance, and are anxious to aid its progress. The twenty-sixth annual meeting of the Amer ican Institute of Instruction will be held at Bath, Me., on the 21st, 22d and 23d days of the present month. Lectures will bo delivered by Professor Tweed of Tufts College, Rev G. Reynolds of West Roxbury, Prof Lewis of Union College, Rev F. D. Huntington, Rev Thomas HUI of Waltham and Prof J. C. Hoyt of Exeter, N. H. There is at Dartmouth College a silver punch bowl, presented by governor John Wentworth and the friends who accompanied him to the first commencement in 1772, as a token of gratitude for the hospitalities of the occasion, and their good wishes for the college. This punch bowl descends to each successive president —but in these days, nothing stronger than lemonade would ever be found to wet its lips. H. W. Hillard of Alabama, has been chosen president of Emory College at Oxford, Ga., vice Dr Means, resigned.—George Peabody, the Amer ican banker in London, has sent to the Peabody Institute in Danvers, which he originally endow ed, a cane used by Dr Franklin when in London, which is of hard "wood without ornament save an ivory head; also a volume of autograph let ters from Washington, Franklin, Jefferson, Jay, Henry Laurens, Robert Morris, Gen Schuyler, Robert Livingston, John Quincy Adams, and other eminent Americans, most of them relating to public affairs and bearing date between 1775 and 1796; they are collected in a beautifully bound folio, and enclosed in an elegant case of blue Turkey morocco, gilt, and lined with blue velvet. Lawrence Scientific School.—Professor Pierce of Cambridge in a letter to Abbott Law rence, by whom the scientific school at Cam bridge was endowed, says of the late examina tion: “A portion of the pupils examined were in the chemical department, and the remainder were in that of engineering. The appearance of the students has been excellent in every respect, and with those in the chemical department I have been especially astonished at their brilliant suc cess. Their replies were uniformly characterized with high precision and accuracy; and the varie ty of subjects, witli which they exhibited a familiarity worthy of masters of science, evinced the extent and thoroughness of their attainments. I am now persuaded that a new era of American education has really commenced with this school and that the possibility of complete and vigorous mental discipline and training by science alone, without resorting to classical studies, is at length demonstrated. All that now remains is that pro per steps be taken to inform the country of what has been accomplished. These magnificent ex aminations should not be conducted witli such extreme privacy, but the public should bo induc ed to attend them as freely as those of West Point and the naval academy. Could it be dis tinctly known what bright and shining scholars are now passing ftom the LawTencc Scientific School into the world, could any better adver tisements bo desired? Were it known tliat one of the students, (his name was Warren,) offered an original research to the criticism of the faculty, which was received with unqualified ap probation on account of the results and the methods of investigation, and in whicli he suc ceeded in detecting agents whicli had escaped the scrutiny of some of the eminent chemists of Europe, would not men open their eyes, and dc mand that this light should no longer be conceal ed from public good?” Swindler Arrested. Charles H. Wheeler, agent for a concern called the Commercial Express company, was arrested in New York, Saturday, charged with larceny of about SBOOO in money from Edwin Tracy, presi dent of the Lansingburg bank, near Troy. Wheel er had distributed his cards and established agen cies of his express company, in several of the country villages, but it now turns out that it was a bogus concern. Thing* A brand. The resignation by Lord John Russell of hh place in the British cabinet, is the absorbing topic of the English papers. His oflense Is magnified by party clamor Into treachery and duplicity. But n disinterested spectator can easily believe it to have been tin honest error of judgment. He was not alone In looking favorably upon the Aus- trian proposition of adjustment. His colleague In the conference, as well as both the representa tives of Austria and Turkey, agreed with him that pence on the Austrian basis would be honora ble and desirable. There was no expectation that Knssin would ncccdc to the proposition, but It was understood that Austria would make its rejection by Russia a cause of war. When however it was found that Austria would not agree to co-operate against Russia, if her ultimate proposition should lie rejected. Lord John Rus sell, as well as the representatives of France mid Turkey in the conference, decided against the Austrian ultimatum, and Lord John Russell re turning home, made the speech for a vigorous prosecution of the war, which is now, with little reason, brought as evidence of his duplicity. Th crime of the discarded minister, if it can bo justly named a crime, consisted in over-estimating the value of an Austrian alliance, and yielding too far, for the sake of securing it, the honor of his own government. Austria, iu a recent aommuni tion to the Germanic diet, professes to remain un changed in her position towards her allies, and still ready to act with them upon the origins] basis of the four points. But although her words are with France and Turkey, her deeds favor Rus sia. By reducing her army of observation in Gal licia, she has allowed the Czar to march the army of Toland to the Crimea, thus giving Russia most essential aid. No importance is attached to the rumors of new propositions for peace, such as the cession of the Turkish principalities to Austria, &c. The opin ion gains strength that the Crimean campaign must be decisively ended, either by the capture of Sebastopol, or the expulsion of the allies from the Crimea, before there can be another opportu tunity for negotiation. Says the London Times: “It is our full belief that we can, if we please, take up Sebastopol by handfulls and throw it into the sea. It is also our belief that England and France will do this, rather than retire from the struggle and leave Russia to pursue her unhallow ed schemes of conquest. But. we desire to see the work done expeditiously, and with all the aid that valor, skill and wealth ought to give us; and we wish to feel some confidence that this is being done.” Mazzini, in his late manifesto advising a revo lutionary movement, declares, “The movement is iu the highest degree auspicious. Austria, break ing her compact of the 2d December, diminishing her army to allay the suspicion of the Czar, and thus leaving his forces free to the injury of the allies, has lost all claim to the protection of France and England.” They arc casting shells in England for the Crimea, 36 inches in diameter, and weighing more than a ton each. —The English have suc ceeded with a 32 pounder of improved construc tion, in throwing shot into Cronstadt from a dis tance o£ over three miles, far beyond the reach of the Russian guns. A physician at Paris has published a pamphlet attributing a host of modem diseases to the effect of vaccination, and the subject attracts so much attention that the imperial academy of medicine has placed it on their program for discussion. The Italian newspapers contain accounts of an accidental poisoning of all the inmates of a boarding school at Belluno, in consequence of the cook mistaking hemlock for parsley; fifty of the boys died.—There were 987 wrecks and col lisions on the coast of Great Britain in 1851, of which 451 were a total loss. —The ship Red Jack et, on her way to Liverpool from Australia, has the immense sum of three millions of dollars in gold, making five millions shipped from Austra lia for England in a single month. The lord mayor of London was made so happy at a public dinner at Fontainebleau, France, that he talked nonsense by the hdurin a speech, and had to be pulled down by his private secretary, whom he wanted to fight upon the spot, but was finally hustled off to bed, and awoke, happily unconscious of his wrath, next day.—Jerome Bonaparte’does credit in the Crimea to his Amer ican training. He is always in the midst of the battle, and has had two horses shot under him, but as yet lias escaped a wound. The emperor is proud of him, and the French soldiers call him the “brave American Bonaparte.” Our Irish Americans sent home to the old coun try in 18-54 nearly eight millions of dollars. —They have a mathematical girl on exhibition in Scot land, who solves mentally the most abstruse prob lems in an incredibly short time.—The head-quar ters where Lord Raglan died is described as the dirtiest of places; heaps of kitchen refuse, entrails and skins of animals, stable manure and non-de script nastiness, enveloping the place with a con stant and insufferable stench. The wonder is that the British commander survived it so long. While the attack on the Mamelon was going on, an English lady, the wife of one of the officers was present, and displayed great coolness and courage. Gen Pennefather observing this went up and cut off a medal from the coat of a dead Russian officer, and in the most gallant manner, and with a very pretty compliment, pinned it on her shawl, saying she had fairly earned it. The general is a great favorite with the army; and the lady who has great personal attractions, anil is the daughter of an old general officer, highly prizes this medal, which she literally obtained on the field of battle. Rnilroud Accidents. The express train on the northern New Hamp shire railroad, met with an accident near Canaan, Saturday afternoon. The axles of the tender broke and the baggage car was completely demol ished. B. P. Cheney, express agent, of Boston, was in the baggage car, and was seriously if not fatallv injured. His right arm has been amputa ted at the shoulder, and the physicians think the shoulder must also be amputated. His lips and face were badly cut. A brakeman named Rollins had his leg broken; a young man from Concord was severely bruised and others slightly injured. On the Whitehall and Saratoga railroad, near the latter place, Saturday morning, a rail broke, one passenger car was smashed and six women were slightly injured. From Wnshington. Rush Elmore, associate justice of the supreme court of Kanzas, has been removed on grounds similar to those assigned for Gov Reeder’s dis placement, and Judge Moore of Alabama appoint ed as his successor. Thomas A. Hendricks of Indiana, was appoint ed commissioner of the land office, and Murn McConnell of Illinois, fifth auditor of the treasu ry, more than a week ago, but no response of ac ceptance has been received from them. .There is proof that Mr Wheeler, consul to Ni caragua, sympathizes with Fabens and Kinnei in their filibuster schemes and has corresponded with them on the subject. The Nicaraguan min ister, it is supposed, will demand the recall of Mr Wheeler. Monday’s Union contained the correspondence between the executive department and governor Reeder, in which the president places the latter’s removal on the ground of an unsatisfactory reply to the charges about land transactions. Of course. Townsend Harris of New York has been appointed U. S. consul at Japan ander the Pcrry treaty. IXZ" James D. Pitcher, once a citizen of West field, has been arrested in New York on charge of embezzling SI2OO from Von Brunt Watrous, beef packers, of which firm he was the agent

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4 ol|e Republican. SPRING FIELD, AUGUST 11, 1855. (jy-No one who takes the slightest interest in (lie great struggle now commencing against the aggressions of slavery, should omit to read Gov Reeder's able and conclusive letter in reply to the charges made against hint by the administration. The most intense excitement exists in Pennsyl vania on account of the removal of Gov Reeder, and letters from Easton state that the democratic partv are unanimously against the administration on this matter, and wUI take the earliest opportu nity to make their opinion emphatically felt at Washington. The American State Council. The quarterly meeting of the State council of the American or know nothing party, held at Hampden Hall, in this city, on Tuesday, was at tended by between three hundred and four hun dred of its members. Great interest was felt in its proceedings relative to the slavety question and the aggregation of the sentiment of Massa chusetts, in regard to it, into one powerful and directly-acting organization. And many of the most able and influential members of the party were drawn to the meeting by the desire to par ticipate in the action upon this matter. The result, though not all that the earnest friends of fusion could desire, may still be re gained as favorable. It was so regarded by the advocates of union in the council. They feel that they have won a substantial triumph over the ultra native and pro-slavery section of the organisation, and paved the way for such a union of Massachusetts men and parties, as has been so well consummated in Ohio, Indiana and others of the free states. We append in full the revised platform of the American party of this state as adopted by this council. It is a decided improvement, most cer tainly, upon the action of the same laxly at its meeting in Boston six weeks ago. The Ameri ican principles,’ then so indefinitely though en ergetically re-affirmed,’ arc now set forth more in detail, and, generally and in spirit, in not objec tionable form, as by themselves. Then follows a well presented expression of the position of Massachusetts upon the shivery question, as that question now stands before the country in the action of the general government in re gard to Kansas and in the late remarkable judicial action at Philadelphia, sustained, as is understood, by the national administration and the slave interes^generally. The platform closes by proposing co-operation of action with other parties and individuals of like sentiments, and, following the example of their more earnest and sagacious rivals, the know somethings, appoints a committee to secure such co-operation. A gen eral convention of the people of the state is anti cipated by the closing resolution, for the perfec tion of this union, and the nomination of candi dates for the ensuing state election. There were but two spirited debates in the council upon the ‘Platform.’ The first of these was upon a motion to add to the first proposition, as reported by the committee appointed at the last meeting of the council, the definite words: “by a residence in this country of at least 21 years.” This motion was made by Alfred B. Ely of Boston, and, as will be seen, was adopted. Though strongly objected to by the liberal mem bers of the council, they did not so warmly op pose it as they otherwise would, lest such op position should endanger their success iu the adoption of measures looking towards a ‘fusion.’ The other and more severe debate was upon the two closing resolutions, relating to a union with other parties. Gen Wilson made a very able speech in favor of fusion. The other principal speakers on that side were J. W. Foster of Mon son, Mark Trafton of Westfield and R. B. Hall of Plymouth; while Alfred B. Ely led off the hunker opposition, and was supported by A. C. Carey of Ipswich, Mr Morrill of Fall River, Mr Morse, partner of Mr Ranney the new Boston city lawyer, of Boston, and others. The de bate lasted two hours, and ended in the adop tion of the resolutions, as published, by a vote of more than two to one. The opponents of fusion succeeded in fastening upon them, as originally proposed by the committee, a cun ning amendment, designed to frustrate their object. The addition consists in the words, “who may agree in these principles,” in the fourth line of the last resolution; by which, it is claimed, all the principles set forth in the platform are in cluded in the basis and tests of the proposed union,—the American as well as the anti-slavery declarations. Hdw far this trick will operate to accomplish its object, and prevent the consum mation of the real purpose of the majority of the council, is to be developed by the course of the committee of conference appointed under the resolution. This committee is appended, and is regarded as opposed to fusion, but whether it will dare to thwart the express desire of the council, and prevent the calling of a true convention of the people of the commonwealth, and trust to that meeting to declare the platform on which it will inaugurate a union, is a question upon which we have no light. The friends of union in the council believe it will not and can not assume such a responsibility, and that the great end desired is speedily to be accomplished. The other portions of the platform were adopt ed with but immaterial alteration, of the com mittee’s original draft, and without debate. Boston and its vicinity, where the opposition to anti-slavery fusion is strongest among all par ties, were better represented in this meeting of the council than other portions of the state. Thus the real sentiment of the 80,000 men, whom this organization claims to have at its back, was not fully represented here; many of the councils in the country are broken up, and the work for which the majority of the people joined in the sudden movement of last year,—to break up the old parties and pave the way for a new order of things,—bei^g accomplished, no interest is felt iu many towns in the future of the organiza tion. As evidence of these facts, wc are informed that but five towns in the Fall River congres sional district were represented at this meeting. A similar state of things was doubtless true of other interior portions of the state. A full coun cil, on the established basis of one member for every 100 members of the party, would have numbered 800 delegates. Among the members of the council present at this meeting, we observed Senator Henry Wilson, members of Congress James Bufflnton of Fall River, Linns B. Comins of Roxbury, Timothy Davis of Gloucester, Mark Trafton of Westfield, Robert B. Hall of Plymouth, and Henry Morris of this city; Alfred B. Ely, S. C. Maine (state senator,) Dr West (councillor,) and Daniel War ren (one of the leaders in the new hunker native order,)of Boston; John S. Keyes, sheriff of Mid dlesex county; Daniel W. Alvord of Greenfield, Jonathan E. Morrill of Fall River, John W. Fos ter of Monson (who is the president of the coun cil,) H. W. Benchley of Worcester (president of the state senate,) Lt Gov Brown of Concord, Charles L. Putnam of Worcester, I. F. Cankey of Amherst, and S. S. Stanley of Melrose. Platform of the American Party of Masaachu- aetti. In view of the imminent peril of Freedom, both from internal and external foea, the American Party of MaaaaohUFetta adopt for their government the fol lowing constitution ami platform of principles. 1. An (vaentia! modification of the naturalization lawn, so that the inmigrant shall not be permitted to exercise the elective franchise until he shall have so* onired a knowledge of our language, our laws and in atitutiona. by a residence in this country of at least 21 years. 2. Stringent penalties against the fraudulent transfer of naturalization papcra, ai d such a description of the peculiarities of the person applying for naturali zation as shall render such transfer impossible. 8. Opposition to all attempts to establish foreign militarv or political organizations to perpetuate old national prejudices; but encouragement of tuch a pol icy as shall tend to assimilate the foreign population, in sentiment and feeling, with the mass ot American citizens 4. Efficient laws to prevent the deportation of crim inals and paupers, by foreign authorities, to our shores; but a hospitable receptku to the persecuted and op pressed of every clime. 5. The witholding of grave diplomatic and politi cal trusts from persons of foreign birth. 6. The right to worship God according to the dic- Resistance to any politico-ecclesiastical hierarchy, which, through its agents, be they pope, bishops ot priests, who attempt to invade this right, or acquire political power, lienee, we rebuke all attempts to appropriate the public funds to the establishment of sectarian schools, all attempts to exclude the Bible as a text book therefrom, and all attempts to wrest from the laity and give to the priesthood the control of church property. We also, rebuke in indignant terms such sentiments as these, put forth bv the representa tives of the Papal Power: That “Protestantism has no rights in the presence of Catholicism,” that “Religi ous liberty is only to be endured until the opposite can be established with safety to the Catholic world.” and that “the Catholics of America are bound to abide by the interpretation put upon the constitution of the United States, by the Pope of Rome. Rewived That the Bible, as the source and fountain of all true and rational liberty, should be made the basis of all popular education and should be open to. and in the hands of. every man. woman and child. And the man or men who may attempt directly or in directly to shut it out of our schools, or to keep it from the hands and hearts of our people or any portion of them, should be deemed guilty of a crime against so ciety and of a treason against liberty itself. Whereas the aggressive policy which has been uni formly pursued by the slave power from the com mencement of our national existence down to the ab rogation of the Missouri compact, evinces a dctei mi na tion to “crush out” the spirit as well as the forms of liberty from among us. and to subject the free states to a relentless despotism: and whereas the success of the southern delegates to the national council recently held in Philadelphia, in making abject and uncom plaining submission to pro-slavery legislation a funda mental article in the creed of the National American party.-—renders it imperative npon us to express our views upon the great question of the country and the age: Therefore we declare 1. That the action of the legislative, executive and judicial departments of the government ought to be controlled by the principle, taught by the framers and purest 'interpreters of the constitution.—that “freedom is national and slavery sectional.’ 1 2- That reoose for the country and stability to the Union must oe sought by relieving the general gov ernment.—so far as its jurisdiction extends, —of all connection with, and accountability for. American tlavery.jMH tttMi 3. That the independence and sovereignty of the state in iu legislation and judiciary should be main tained inviolate. 4. That the great barrier to slavery.ruthlessly broken down by the repeal of the Missouri Prohibition, ought to be speedily restored, and that in any event, no state erected from any part of the territory, covered by that compromise, ought ever to be admitted to the Union as a slave state. 5. That the rights of actual settlers in the territories to the free and undisturbed exercise of their elective franchise, granted to them by the laws under which they ate organized, should be’ promptly protected by the national executive whenever violated or threat ened. Resolved, That the position of the present national administration is one of open, undisguised hostility to all the principles we profess: and therefore we be lieve that the exigencies of the times demand that all men who agree in these principles should be united in their political action; and we will cheerfully co-ope rate with all the opponents of our common enemy. Resolved, That a committee or two members from each county be appointed who, in connection with any similar committees already appointed, or to be ap pointed, who may agree in these principles, shall, at some suitable time, call a convention to be composed of delegates elected by the people of Massachusetts in primary meetings assembled, for the purpose of nomi nating candidates to be supported by this party in the coming election. Under the last resolution the following com mittee was appointed, the delegates from each county selecting their representatives: Suffolk County—J. E. Farwell, S. G. Nash; Middlesex —A. H. Nelson,Alfred B. Ely; Essex Timothy Davis, John Batchelder; Worcester Alexander DeWitt, W. S. Thurston; Franklin A. L. Tyler, W. W. Russell; Hampshire—W. B. Dickinson, H. G. Knight; Hampden—T. L. Chapman of Longmeadow, John W. Foster of Monson; Berkshire —Daniel Upton, Thomas Colt of Pittsfield; Bristol—H. B. Wheelwright, Jona than E. Morrill of Fall River; Norfolk—J. E. Carpenter, C. R. Ransom; Plymouth—R.B. Hall, F. P. Howland; Barnstable—J.P. Johnson, F. G. Kelley; Dukesand Nantucket—Charles J. Bar ney, Justin Lawrence. John W. Foster is chosen chairman of this com mittee, and Thomas Colt, secretary. They wUI probably hold a meeting in conjunction with the committee of the know somethings, and perhaps representatives of the whig and free soil organi zations, in the course of a few days. In the consummation of the above results, the day session of the council was exhausted; but it re-assembled, with lesser numbers, in the evening, to act npon the proposed modifications of the constitution of the party, and in this business continued engaged until 11 o’clock, when it closed its session. The proposal to change the re quirement of a membership of the party from ‘na tive born citizens’ to ‘citizens of Massachusetts,’ failed, but the other changes proposed by the committee were generally adopted. These liber alize the system of government very essentially, abolish all the oaths of membership and the several degrees, and modify the secresy princi ple so that it shall consist only in a password and signs of recognition, and leave the meetings to be public or private as the several councils shall elect for themselves. A man may become a member of the order by being accepted by a majority vote of the council to which he is admit ted, and signing the constitution and platform thereof. What delusive hopes of a rush of new mem bers, under these modifications of the obstacles to access to the lodges, are indulged in, wc have not the means of stating, but whatever they are, they arc certainly delusions. The indications of the meeting here were of anything but of a growing and powerful party; and the changes in the pecu liar system of government of the order seemed to lie, as they were indeed, the most ridiculous of farces. It was like a man putting on wedding garments to go to his own funeral. Doctors is Demand is Russia.—Dr. Tur nipsccd of Tennessee, who has been for fourteen months in the Russian service in Sebastopol, has obtained leave to return home on account of UI health. The emperor conferred upon him the order of St. Ann in consideration of his valuable services, and presented him 700 silver rubles as a token of personal regard. It is understood that American physicians and surgeons are highly ap preciated by the Russian government, which is anxious to employ more of them. This opens a fine field for ambitious young M. Ds, not only to perfect themselves in the art of patching up shat tered humanity, but to acquire both wealth and reputation. Judging from the numbers of young doctors graduated annually at our medical schools, wc should judge they might find them selves rather crowded at home, and would be glad to avail themselves of so desirable an op portunity abroad. THE SPRINGFIELD WEEKLY REPUBLICAN: SATURDAY, AUGUST 11, 1855. The A»niver«nrles of Amhrm College. From Our Own Correspondent. Amherst, Wednesday, August 8. Dio anniversary literary festival, of Amherst College, made unusually attractive this year, have drawn together a larger assemblage than Is ordi nary of the old graduates and friends of the insti tution. The roll of distinguished names whose owners swell the platform, and receive the curious study of the pews, would extend to twice the length of an average year. Tlio weather Is kind, not prostrating by Its heat, nor chilling by its ac customed rain, but is pleasant in a shaded sun and a stimulating mountain breeze. The best speakers of the two lower classes of the college measured abilities before the public, last evening, in the usual Prize Rhetorical Exhibi tion. The rendering of the favorite authors of the speakers was generally In good taste, and gave the usual satisfactionto those who won the prises and their friends. The South Hadley brass band relieved the order of the speaking xy i t li music. The prizes for the best speaking were awarded to William O. Carr of Derry, N. H., and Manning C. Wells of Louisville, Ry., of the Sophomore class, and to Alfred A. Ellsworth of Bath, Me., and Joshua B. F. Hobbs of Boston. Prizes offered for the two best written essays by the junior class were awarded, the first to A. Harrington of New York state, and the second to Walter Barton of Granby. The Alumni met early this morning for the us ual business,—a commingling of pleasant and sad associations, —to rejoice with the living, to drop a tear over the graves of the newly dead. There were nearly 200 present, which is about twice the number that gathered last year. The officers of last year were rd-elected —Prof Haven president, Prof Clark secretary —save Dr Nathan Allen of Worcester as a vice president in place of John Humphrey, deceased. Galnsha A. Grow of Ten nessee was selected to give the oration before the Alumni next year, with Rev Stewart Robinson of Baltimore as the substitute. The finances of the Alumni show a balance in favor of the treasury of 827. The obituary record, full and faithfully and kindly written by Professor Tyler, was crowd ed in numbers and honors. The virtues of each of the fallen were illustrated iu the record of the historian. The deaths of twelve of the past grad uates of the college have been recorded within the past year. The previous year there were but seven deaths. The following is a list for the last year; Rev Joseph Kirkland Ware of the class of 1824, born in Conway 1793, first settled in Palmer in 1527, aud afterwards preaching in New York for the home missionary society; for the last 11 years he resided on a farm in Canandaigua, N. Y., and died there Dec. 7, ’54, aged 62, the oldest de ceased graduate. —Rev Reuben Tinker of class of ’27, bom in Chester, 1799, a missionary for many years in the Sandwich Islands, but for the last nine years pastor of a church in Westfield, N. Y., where he died. —W. W. Forsyth, class of ’32, a native of Albany, a lawyer and merchant of that city, and deceased there, Sept. ’54, aged 41. —Rev Sereno T. Abbott, class of ’33, bom in Andover, pastor of the church in Seabrook, N. H., where he died.—Rev John Humphrey, class of ’35, bora in Fairfield, Ct., 1816, pastor of churches in Charlestown, Mass., and Binghamton, N. Y., and after years of straggle against slow disease died at his father’s (Rev Dr Humphrey, former president of the col lege) at Pittsfield, Jan. 2, 1855, aged 39.—Wil liam Torrance, class of ’ll, native of Enfield, Mass., a teacher, died at Keene, N. H., where he was principal of the High School for some years, in February, 1855, aged 39. —Daniel Kimball, class of ’4l, of Salem, where he practiced law, was married, and died of consumption, aged 36; which brief record, says the historian, ‘though not all is the best that can be said, of him.’ Emilus Bruuer, class of ’45, native of Wilbraham, teacher and editor at Port Gibson, Mississippi, died suddenly, April 5, aged 30. —Rev Henry Lobdell, M. D., bom in Danbury, Ct., 1827, graduated in ’49, then a teacher in his native place, and from 1851 to his death last March, aged 28, a missionary in Assyria; he was a young man of great promise.—John G. Ellery, class of ’SO, native of Skaneatales, N. Y., finished his education in the physical sciences in Europe, and died while in charge of the mining operations at Gold Hill, N. C., aged 31. —Win E. Glenn, class of ’52, from Tennessee, a teacher and doctor in Missouri, and died last March, aged 22.—Sylvan us B. Roel, class of’s2, native of Dummerston, Vt., died while preparing himself for labor as a missionary, and teaching in Holden, Mass., Sep tember, 1854, aged 26. The subject of the Library and its improve ment, which formed so large a subject of dis cussion at the Alumni meeting of last year, was resumed at this, when it appeared that the en thusiasm manifested at the former meeting on the subject had accomplished nothing in the interim, the committee then appointed not hav ing even attempted to accomplish the duty as signed them. A new effort was organized for the raising of funds, and the following gentlemen appointed a board of trustees: Rev R. S. Storrs Jr., Rev George C. Shepard, George F. Homer, Charles Delano of Northampton, and Henry Morris of Springfield. The literary societies of the college sent in a paper setting forth the necessity for a new building for the accommoda tion of their meetings and their libraries, and pro posing a plan for the erection of one at the cost of some 88,000 or 810,000, to be used jointly by them and by the Alumni. They set forth that they had pledged, among themselves, some 81,500 towards the cost, and their desire that the Alumni should join in the effort to secure the building. The Alumni took no definite action on the subject, being called by the course of time to the public exercises of the occasion, whereof the address by the Rev F. D. Huntington of Boston was the central feature. The church was crowded by an audience flattering, to any man, both in numbers and character. Mr Huntington did not fail to prove worthy of his hearers or himself.— He did more,—lie went beyond his past, and transcended even high-wrought expectation, in a rich flow of argument and illustration in the ap plication of Common Sense to Knowledge. De scribing his theme as an inquiry into the meaning, function, authority, scope and end St common sense, and apologizing for what needed no apolo gy,—the common and simple nature of his sub ject, —he went on to treat it in no mere thrifty, cent-per-cent spirit, but as the development of all manly powers, the application of special acquire ments to the symmetrical growth of manhood, the making available in life and practical in re sult of the wealth of books and brains, the trans mutation of knowledge to wisdom, of brains to soul, of mind to manliness. While his appeal was addressed to scholars, it reached and pene trated every mind that listened to it, and for an hour and a half the audience was retained in most delighted attention. Affluent in language, as rich in thought, and abundant in forcible and humor ous illustration, no sketch could approach justice to the oration; but the idea was clear, forcible and pregnant. He plead for a practical, living education, one which should developc the mind, the heart and the body in symmetrical and beau tiful proportion, which should make men of us, and neither eloquent babes, learned fools, nor dyspeptic dictionaries. The ideal character which he drew was one that has a happy illustration in himself; and Amherst and Harvard have cer tainly equal reason to be proud in his possession, —the one in the past, the other in his future. Dinner supervening, the church again filled at 2 o’clock with substantially the audience of the forenoon, to attend npon the address of Rev J. P. Thompson of the New York Tabernacle church and the Independent newspaper, before the Soci ety of Inquire of the Colleiro. Previous and In troductory to this, the college choir snug with touching'effect the Missionary Hymn, and a prayer was made. Mr. Thompson’s address was illogical and somewhat abstruse argument to sus tain, by science and philosophy, the correctness of the biblical account of the origin of the human race, or, in other words, Its unity, and its com plete dcsccnsion from the single pair of the Gar den of Eden. This truth, he held, alone could give vitality to tlie philanthropic idea ot this So ciety of Inquiry, which seeks to elevate all man kind to the same glorious Christian faith. hat philosophy proves, philanthropy assures and glorifies. The order of arrangements of to-day s exercises has been somewhat invaded by the withdrawal ol the promised oration before the Phi Beta Kappa society by Henry Ward Beecher. This with drawal, only made certain within a day or two, is the occasion of much popular disappointment, and the necessity for it is not apparent. Mr Beecher insisted on being excused, however, it is said, because there were enough of exercises to fill the time and attention of the day without his. It may have been so,—but should he bo the sole judge, especially after the popular expectation had been aroused with the assurance of his pres once Among the men distinguished in the world of literature, politics or the professions, attending upon the exercises to-day, are recognized, w 11- Ham B. Calhoun, Henry Morris and iliiam Stowe of Springfield, Lt Gov Brown, Mr Btiffin ton of Fall River and Mr Hall of Plymouth, mem bers of congress elect, Amasa Walker of North Brookfield, Revs A. A. Wood and T. 11. Skinner Jr. of New York, J. W. Foster of Monson, Wil liam Hvdc of Ware, Mark Trafton and E. B. Gil lett of 'Westfield, 11. W. Benchley of Worcester, John L. Swift of New Salem (late of Boston), Sam’l Williston of Easthampton, David Aiken of Greenfield, William A. Hawley of Northampton, Rev Mr Burgess of India, Whiting Griswold of Greenfield, Rev Dr Leland of South Carolina, and John H. Thompson of Chicago. The oration of Ralph Waldo Emerson, before the association of the Social Union, proceeds this evening, to be followed to-night by a concert by Dodworth’s exquisite band of New York, which furnished the music for the alumni festivities this forenoon, and will interlace those of the gradua ting class to-morrow. s. b. Amherst, Thursday, August 9. Mr Emerson’s ‘Condo ad Clerum’ for the schol ar, as he called it, before the ‘Social Unioir,’ yes terday evening, clustered more of curiosity about it, than any other of the performances of the day, as evidenced in the more thah crowd that gather ed to hear it and see him, and their eagerness of stare and forth-putting. This was his first ap pearance at Amherst. His oration was the same that he gave at the anniversary of Williams Col lege, last year, and then characterized in the Re publican. It was a plea for the true scholar, aud deified pure and true thought, and sought to elevate it and its possessors above bread and butter. As a literary performance, it was orderless but brilliant, disjointed but effective, artificial and transcen dental but yet simple, winning this last paradoxi cal description under the virtue of the axiom that the highest art is its own concealment. It flashed out bold and striking thoughts, the fire of a rich and deep brain, clear and cold and brilliant as the aurora borealis, without cither heart or bit terness He painted glowingly- the immortality of mind,—the everlasting virtue of a bright dream ‘wedded to immortal verse,’ and contrasted it with the evanescence of the merely practical labors of dull manhood. He complained of the prostitution of literature and learning to trade and commerce, and appealed to the scholars to be truer to the nobility of their knowledge, and more faithful to the majesty of thought and gen ius. It was a one-sided, theoretical view, when followed out to its conclusions, and contrasted greatly with the effort of Mr Huntington in the morning, and vet it was a view that needs to be presented to American minds, which are too niueh in danger from the seductions of the world of trade, rather than front those of the world of books and thought. Superficially, the positions of the two speakers were directly antagonistic, and yet they had no quarrel. They started off m opposite directions, but their paths would come into parallelism before the journey of a life was concluded. Mr Huntington plead for the useful iu scholarship, Mr Emerson for the noble. Both would surely agree that the highest nobleness was the greatest usefulness. After all, though, they would differ as to what would be the greatest usefulness, and this difference is illustrated in their respective lives. This was the contrast of their addresses; each was true to its author, the one Huntingtonian, the other Emersonian, and those who know what these lives are, can better under stand their addresses and their meaning, without a full report of either, than could be gathered from such a report, without that knowledge of the men. The intellectual treats of the day, remarkable as all three had been, and fully enjoyed by their hearers as they were, were yet happily turned from to the glorious music of Dodsworth’s band, which soothed and delighted the souls strained and almost weary with intellectual effort In listen ing to and drinking in the multiform theories and richly laden illustrations of the day-time. The tinkling brass was gladly welcomed, In ex change for the ring of the pure ctherialized metal that had so fully preceded it. The church was hardly less crowded at the concert than at cither of the addresses. Commencement morning and high hopes broke together in a heavy rain storm. It poured con tinually and abundantly until 10 o’clock, largely interfering with the usual holiday enjoyments of the anniversary. At that hour the rain ceased, and a sticky heat supervened. Yet the exercises by the graduating class opened before a generous audience, culminated before a full house, and waned under the greatest crowd of the week. The class is the largest that has left the college for more than ten years, and with two exceptions is the largest that it ever graduated. In sterling worth and ability, it is believed to have had no superior; the new president holds it in the high est esteem, in these respects, and spoke freely' and publicly this opinion. Out of the 53, which it numbers, 32 rank above 90 in a scale of merit and attainment of 100. To thirty were assigned parts in to-day’s exercises and of these we give a list:— Salutatory oration in Latin.—William L. Montague, Belchertown. Orations.—The Three Inspirations. John D. Bell, Weedsport, N. Y. The Tragic in History. Joseph Boardman, Ames bury. The Christian Student of the Ancient Classics. Chancey B. Thomas. New Salem. Utilitarianism—its Tendencies ami Effects. Joseph B. Reynolds, Concord. The Fearful Bower of the Imagination. Charles Harden. Mansfield. Christianity Essential to National Permanency.— Wi liam E. Dickinson, North Amherst. Law—its Failure, and its Triumph. William E. Hughitt, Genoa. N. Y. Duration ofthe HumanßaceupontheEartb. John Ornc. Jr., Newburyport. Poem.—The Indian Boy. Elbert E. Farman, New Haven, N. Y. Orations.—Plurality of Worlds. Francis F. Brown, Sudbury. Wit and Humor. JohnC. Caldwell, St. Albans, Vt. Air-Castles. Levi S- Packard, Woonsocket, R. I. The Living Dead. Elijah P. Harris, Le Roy, N. Y. Language of Names. George E. Dunlap, South Deerfield.' Spirit of the Times. Edwin S. Gilbert Canadice, N. Y. Permanence of Literary Fame. George Denison, Hartland, Vt. Montesquieu—his views of the English Constitution. S. Edward Brown, Owego, N. Y. Poem.—“ Our Age/’ Edwin C. Bissell, Rockville, Ct. Orations—Goethe. Chester D. Jefierds. Blackstone. Remorse. Edward A. Strong, Boston. Private Judgment. Ezra T. Sprague, West Killing ly, Ct. the Satire of Thackeray. George Washburn, Mid dleboro'. Literary Courage. Charles W. Buck. Boston. Speculative and Practical Philosophy. James C. Parsons, Gloucester. The cause' of the Allies destitute of Moral Interest. Rufus Choate. Jr., Boston. Philosophical Oration.—Man's Chief Good. Asa S. Fiske, Shelburne Falls. Oration —Love of Power, as Indicated by our Esti mation of Character. Henry 8. Kelsey, Evansville, N. Y. Philosophical Oration. Philological Philosophy. John L. Graves, Sunderland. Oration.—The Conservative Element in History; with the Valedictory Addresses. Hasket Derby, Bos ton. All but two or three of the above were executed. The general standard of performance was high, indicating maturity of thought, and good thought. The delivery waa various. A common fulling whs .invoice there was a lack of true cultivation here. The rich, full, rounded development of this noble faculty was too often wanting. The first poem ‘put’ an Indian hoy over Niagara Falls with much poetic merit and great solemnity. The other was rhymed wit. Of the more strikingly meritorious pieces, those of ‘The Three Inspira tions,’ ‘Remorse,’ ‘The Satire of Thackeray,’ ‘Literary Courage, ‘The Cause of the Allies desti tute of Moral Interest,’with tho last three were perhaps the most noticeable. Tho practical themes, in which a general popular interest is felt, were commonly tho most successful. It la a mis take that so great a proportion of tho college, orations are on abstract philosophies, requiring the greatest merit to treat interestingly and ef fectively and t he strictest attention of the hearers to understand and appreciate them. Such are not half listened to, while such subjects as the ‘Satire of Thackeray’ and ‘The Cause ofthe Al lies’ instantly attract the attention of the audience, and if they are treated with credit, tho speakers receive the full credit. In those cases, Thackeray was most bitterly denounced, and the Allies ditto; but one spark of nobleness was accredited to the side of tho latter, and that found its home in a wo man’s breast and its theater in the hospitals. Young Mr Choate showed, here and there, a gleam of his father’s peculiarly tender effectiveness of expres sion, but on the whole proved totally unlike hlm.- The closing oration and valedictory addresses, by a son of E. Haskett Derby of Boston, were marked with great delicacy and beauty of ex pression, and clear and polished thought. He threw much feeling into the farewell addresses, and testified handsomely to the success which the new president has had in winning the affections and respect of his pupils. Tho following is a full list of the graduates, each of whom received the degree of Bachelor of Arts: John Dempster Bell, Weedsport, N. Y.: Eli Gilbert Bennett, Georgetown, Ct.; Edwin Cone Bissell, Rock ville, Ct.; Joseph Boardmen, Amesbury; Albert Henry Bridgman, Belchertown; Francis Frederic Brown. Sudbury; Samuel Edward Brown, Owego, N. Y.: Charles Wentworth Buck, Boston; John Curtis Caldwell, St. Albans, Vt.; Rufos Choate, Jr., Boston: John Jay Colton, Georgia, Vt.; Micah Sampson Cros well, Farmington, Me.; George Denison, Hartland. Vt.; Basket Derby, Boston; W illiam Eastman Dick inson, North Amherst: George Edward Dunlap, South Deerfield: Elbert Eli Farman,New Haven. N. Y.; Asa Severance Fisk, Shelburne Falls; Appleton Howe Fiteh, Hopkinton; Edwin Smith Gilbert, t *n ndico. N. Y.: John Long Graves, Sunderland: Wil liam Allen Hallock, Amherst; Charles Harden. Muns field; Elijah Faddock Harris, Leßoy, N. Y.: Nathan iel Coleman Hart, Mt. Kisco, N. Y.; John Hartwell. Lincoln: Martin Stoddard Howard, Milford; Dixi Crosby Hoyt, Framingham; William Edgar Hughitt, Genoa, N.Y.; Chester Daniel Jefierds. Blackstone; Israel liana Jocelyn, Georgia. Vt.; William Leonard Joy, Townsend, Vt.; Henry Sylvester Kelsey. Evans ville, N.Y.: Junies Brown Lord, Ipswich; Matthew McClung, Knoxville. Tenn.; William Lewis Monta gue, Belchertown; Moses Noerr, St. Louis, Mo.: John Ornc, Jr., Newburyport; Levi Sewall Packard, Woon socket, R. 1.; Janies Challis Parsons, Gloucester; Pltilip Chester Porter, Berkley; Erastus Ladd Pren tice, Franklin, Ct.; Joseph Brown Reynolds, Con cord; Henry Jackson Richardson, Middleton; Horace Leonard Singleton. St. Louis, Mo.; Ezra Thompson Sprague, West Killingly, Ct.; Edward Alexander Strong. Boston; Chauncey Boardman Thomae, New Salem; Charles Henry Walton. Sherbrooke, C. E.; George Washburn. Middleboro’; Benjamin Franklin Webster, St. Louis, Mo.; Jolin Loren Wilson, De Peyster. N Y.; Henry Dwight Woodworth, Lebanon, Ct.-C3. The degree of Master of Arts was conferred in course upon John H. Almy of Norwich, Ct., George L. Becker, Daniel Bliss, Herman S. Bar num, Joseph M. Clark, George H. Coit, Elijah S. Fish, William W. Goodrich, Brainard T. Harring ton, Henry Moore, William B. Rankin, Henry D. Hoot of Greenfield, Daniel J. Sprague, George E. Dudley and Benjamin E. Thurston. The honor ary degrees conferred by the college corporation were as follows: Doctor of Laws upon Luther V. Bell of Somerville, Mass.; Doctor of Divinity upon Rev. Edward N. Kirk and Rev Frederick D. Huntington of Boston; Master of Arts upon Lt. Rufus Saxton of the U. S. Army (of Deerfield,) Rvland H. Warriner, a teacher formerly of South Deerfield and now of Philadelphia, and Nathan B. Chamberlain of Boston, an intelligent and ingen ious mechanic. Pre dent Stearns restored on this occasion the silken gown to the students in the delivery of their parts. Though retained uniformly at Cam bridge, it was banished from Amherst in 1831. Himself also wore the rich cornered hat while officiating in the exercises of the commencement, which is peculiar to Cambridge, at which institu tion it will be remembered he is a graduate. The gown certainly relieves the bodily infirmities of awkward students, and gives grace to the de livery. These innovations are well received by the students and Alumni. The exercises of the day in the church were prolonged until half past 2, and then the students, the Alumni and the guests of the college marched in procession to the annual college dinner, this year served up in excellent style by R. S. Lincoln of the American House, under a tent adjoining tlie grove back of the college buildings. Several hundred gentlemen were present, and following the eating was sung the 122 d psalm to the tune of Tate and Brady,’ when president Stearns introduced a few pleasant speeches, by one from himself. Dr Hitchcock, Prof Haven and Rev Dr Peters of Williamstown, in behalf of Wil liams College, were among the speakers. Their efforts were of the off-hand, humorous nature, and made a fitting amusement for the close of the festivities. The return of rain followed speedily, and the day ended as it begun in a rich flow of tears, greatly to the discomfort of the gathering and returning crowds, Tlie three tutors of the college, for the two past years—George Howland, George N. Webber and Samuel Fisk —have given up their places, which are filled by the selection of John M. Green of Amherst, Reuben M. Benjamin of Chatham, N. Y., and Edward P. Crowell of Essex, all of the class of 1853. The Scientific School connected with the col lege is developing its usefulness and widening its patronage. For the last year it has had seventeen students, and of these the following graduate at this time with the degree of Bachelor of Science, (8.5.):- Rnfus C. Bailey, Lewiston, Me.; John Evans Coo per, Cooper's Plains, N. Y.; John Lafon, Harrods burg,Ky.; Henry Bradford Nason, Worcester; Henry Martyn Savil, Boston; Charles Edwin Spinney, 'Lynn.—6. The teachers in this department, also connected with the general instruction of the college, are Dr Hitchcock and professor William S. Clark and John W. Mallett. The following new members of the college cor poration take the places of Gen Mack of Am herst (deceased), Rev Dr Fiske of New Braintree (deceased) and Rev Dr Theophilus Packard of South Deerfield: Rev Dr Jonathan Leavitt of Providence, R. 1., Rev Edward 8. Dwight of Am herst, and Alpheus Hardy of Boston, the latter a merchant and the president of the Granite bank. The vacancy in the I acuity, from Prof Jewett’s declination lor a pastorship in New Hampshire, is not yet filled. The trustees are embarrassed by numerous candidates. It is the professorship of Latin and modem languages, and meantime its duties are shared by the other professors and tu tors. The Phi Beta Kappa society has had such bad luck in getting an orator for this year, that it seems indisposed to announce another for the next. It chose, as its officers for the next year, president, Prof W. S. Tyler; vice president, Prof S. T. Field; corresponding secretary, Prof E. S. Snell. The following gentlemen were elected honorary members: Rev Clinton Clark, RevWm P. Paine, Rev Mr Dudley, W. K. Hathaway, Rev E. K. Alden, Rev Lyman Coleman, Rev Daniel T. Fisk, Rev Wm Clift, Rev Lewis Grune, Lincoln Clark, Rev Pindar Field, Rev C. Spear, James C. Van Benschoten, Rev Mortimer Blake. The college continues to increase in ability, numbers and usefulness. The classes remaining average over 60 each, and the new one will not be below that nnmbcr. —President Stearns takes hold earnestly and effectively, gives great satis faction to all parties, and has already folly vindi cated the wisdom of his selection by the corpora tion. He is eminently the Christian scholar and gentleman. His farewell sermon or address to the graduating class, last Sunday, was a stirring appeal to the noblest emotions of true manhood, impressing high aims, persevering labor and manly firmness upon his hearers for their future life.—lncluding the president, there arc ten pro fessors, besides three tutors, two other instructors in the virions languages, a lecturer on history, and one on agriculture,—a rich and various corps of teachers.—The college library has increased to 12,000 volumes during the past year.—The ‘Ap pleton Cabinet’ building, costing 810,000 contrib uted from Samuel Appleton’s estate, is in rapid progress of completion, and is to be devoted to Zoological specimens.—A new scientific lecture room has been constracted adjoining tho Obser vatory building, adding more to its convenience than to its architectural beauty. —And so ends the pleasant record of another year’s progress at Amherst college. B. B. Jubilee nt Delceater Acmteiuy. Tuesday was a most delightful day, ns cool and sweet throughout ns a Juno morning and ns clear as December. The nnsnrponcd prospect ft-om Leicester kill was never more glorious. If “Greener hills mny catch the sun, fl, iieath Ute imillug eye of France,'’ the people of Lelo eater have, nevertheless, no oc casion to envy the hind of tho vine, for the zone of emeralds that encircles their cyrto arc green enough and fiilr enough so satisfy any eye. The anniversary of this ancient and respectable Institution brought together a largo number of its former pupils, and a great throng of people from tho neighboring towns. Tho procession was formed nt tho academy at 10 o’clock, and inarched under escort of the Bos ton Brigade bund to the church. Prayer was of fered by Rev Dr Thompson of Salem. Rev Alonzo Hill, D. D., of Worcester then delivered an ad dress, greatly interesting to all connected with the academy or concerned for its welfare. He traced its curly history, the struggles and sacri fices of the heroic men who established it in the hour of difficulty and gloom, when the long war of the revolution hud left the people poor luit with a keen perception of the value of liberty and of tho institutions upon which alone it could be made enduring. The academy' was founded in 1781, and is the oldest institution of the kind in Western Massachusetts, and only the Phillips academy at Andover and the Dummer academy at Newbury can boast a greater antiquity. The honor of its establishment belongs to Colonel Ue zer Frui i- of Stm lirid.i e. .listinguislH il nliki for patriotism and bravery in war, and self-sacri ficing public spirit when peace hud allowed him to sheath his sword. The establishment of an academy was for several years a favorite scheme with him, and when a family of Jews about to move from Leicester, offered their spacious man sion for sale for the moderate price of 8716, Colo nel Crafts, associated with Jacob Dane of Charl ton and Asa Davis of Spencer, secured the building and determined to hazard the experiment. The leg islature refused to incorporate the academy until a thousand pounds should be secured for its sup port. Half this amount was pledged by the people of Leicester,and the remainder by the neighboring towns, and tlie act of incorporation was -passed and received the signature of governor John Han cock. The institution was opened June 7,1781, witli three pupils, and tho salary of its principal was established at sixty pounds per annum. For several years the academy was kept alive only by great effort aud sacrifices on the part of its found ers, whose unselfish and enlarged liberality should be gratefully remembered by those who reap the fruit of their labors. Colonel Crafts removed to Vermont in 1790, and making himself a new home in the forest, twenty' miles from any settlement, became the founder of the town of Craftsbury, and left both a posterity and a nutne that did his adopted state some service. A portrait of Colonel Crafts has been placed in the hall of the academv bv the trustees. Many years ago, when even churches were built by lotteries, a resort was had to this now questionable method of replenishing tlie ex liausted treasury of Leicester academy, and some SISOO was thus realized. The state also granted a township in Maine, which produced S9OO more. But. the resources of the academy have chiefly been drawn from private munificence. Among the larger donations to its funds have been 88000 by Is rael Waters, 85000 by Isaiah Thomas, 86000 by Daniel Waldo and 810,000 by James Smith, and the fund is now 827,000. The new building, erected in 1833, and sinee much improved, is one of the finest and most admirably adapted to its purpose to be found anywhere. Dr Hill gave a very entertaining account of the old-time annual exhibitions, when for one day in the year Leicester became the mimic theater for Worcester county, and sometimes a single play occupied morning, afternoon and evening of the annivmary. This sort of exhibitions has con tinued at Leicester, with modifications and abatements, down to the past year, and the sub stitution of au address and poem tlie present year is an innovation not at all relished by the younger folks. But Leicester has not adopted the modern notion of separating the sexes in their education; it does not believe in training up little monks and nuns, as if nature had made a capital mistake in placing boys and girls together in the family. The academy has had 18 principals and 56 as sistant teachers since its organization. Of the former, Ebenezer Adams and John Richardson each continued in office fourteen years. From four to five thousand pupils have enjoyed the ad vantages of the school, among whom are the dis tinguished names of Davis, Marcy, Upham and others not unknown to fame. The speaker con cluded by urging, that while the multiplication of high schools and academies tended to draw away pupils from Leicester, she could yet retain her vigor and usefulness by augmenting the means and appliances of education and elevating her standard of excellence so that she might con tinue to be the just pride and treasure of the heart of the commonwealth. Following the address was a poem by Isaac F. Shepard of Boston, a graduate, first but not least, of the Boston Journal printing office, and then of Leicester and Cambridge, with whom for some years the “tuneful nine” have been on familiar terms. His theme was Life, which he presented in some of its grandest and gayest aspects, in a manner that frequently brought’down the house. We give a passage as a sample “brick”: “Old Massachusetts, in her brightest days, Shone most resplendent from our school room rays, When manly freemen, with no secret bond, Slaves to no oath, from artful leaders conned. Honored our Congress with an Allen's name. And in our Davis claimed most “honest" fame Fostering high merit in each free debate, Installed our Lincoln in the chair of state, And called our Washburn from old Europe’s shore. To grace the scepter that he nobly bore.” From the church the company marched in pro cession to Wright’s mammoth tent, on the green, where some five hundred took scats at the tables, and after the perishables had been satisfactorily disposed of, A. H. Bullock of Worcester, the president of the day, briefly and happily intro duced the higher entertainment. Of the toasts and most admirable speeches our limits preclude extensive notice. Levi Lincoln, Judges Merrick and Thomas, Bev Dr Putnam of Roxbury and others spoke in their best manner. The satisfacto ry exercises of the day were concluded by a levee in the evening, originated by the pupils of the school, and heartily enjoyed by themselves and their guests. And of the entire exercises of the occasion, it may be justly said, they were happily conceived and carried out in the most satisfac tory manner. Ex-govcrnor Washburn has writ ten a complete history of the Leicester academy, which has just been issued from the press of Phillips, Sampson Co., Boston, and which all the graduates of the academy will value, not only for its historical interest but the pleasant remi niscences it will awaken. Judge Kane’s Defense.—The friends of Judge Kane, anxious to mitigate the opprobrium settling down upon him, have procured an affi davit from the hack-driver, in whose carriage the slaves of Wheeler were taken from the steamboat landing, in which he states that the woman and her children sobbed and cried while in the car riage, and that their black friends made frequent attempts to pacify them. He docs not however state that any force was used to compel the slaves Jo leave their master. The woman and children that would not have given vent to their feelings by crying, in the excitement of such a moment, when every interest of life was at stake, would have been more or lets than human. If Judge Kane can scare up no better defense than this, he had better remain in dignified silence. The fact still remains, that a federal judge is inflicting ignominious punishment upon a citizen of a sov ereign state for no other offense than informing a poor stranger of her legal rights. No art can conceal this damning fact; no sophism can pal liate it. Tciaii Accounts from Galveston state that western Texas is flooded by a continuation ot heavy rains, and great apprehensions were felt lor Hie cotton crop, which was fully three weeks behind hand.

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6 ©lk ^rpnbluan. RELIGIOUS INTELLIGENCE. The anniversary of the Andover theological seminary occurred on Wednesday last. The Por ter rhetorical society was addressed by Professor Phelps, on the true theory and method of preach ing. Rev Dr Harris of Pittsfield addryssed the society of Inquiry upon the proper treatment of modern infidelity. Rev Dr Adams of Brunswick, Me. gave the address to the alumni. Sixteen graduates of the seminary have died during the past year. Ten of them were buried in New Eng’ land, four in the valley of the Mississippi, one in Turkey and one In India. Their average age was 48. and average ministerial service 20 years. A revival of great power is in progress at Trux ton, N. Y. where 127 persons have recently been added to the baptist church. It is remarked as an unusual feature that the revival did not subside upon the opening of summer. —Mrs Fanny Smith Bullitt, late of Louisville. Ky., bequeathed *15,000 to the Christian university of that city, to endow the professorship of sacred literature. The peo ple of Louisville have subscribed $25,000 towards the university. Rev John Cunningham, late of Southbridge, has accepted the call of the congregational church at Penn Yau. N. Y.—Rev J. B. R. Walker of Rox bury has been called by the congregational soci ety of Mattapoisett. R-v E. Cutler of St. Albans. Vt., has accepted the call of the Union orthodox society of Worc.’s ter.—Rev Edwin E. Hall of Guilford, Ct., has been dismissed ftom his pastoral charge, by request.— Kev J. S. KaHock of Rockland, Me., has accepted the call of the Tremonf Temple Baptist church. Boston.—Rev L. Giustiniani, D.. a member of the o. s. Presbytery of Cincinnati, died on the 17th ult. in that city. He was bom in the city of Rome. Italy, in the’year 1797, and died in the fif ty-ninth year of his age. He left the church of Rome in "1828.—Jonathan C. Gibbs was ordained by the Troy Presbytery, and was installed over the Liberty-street church in Troy, on the 12th ult. Mr Gibbs is a colored gentleman of much prom ise, having graduated from Dartmouth college with honor, and studied theology at Princeton. The new house ot the first Presbyterian church at Bridgeport, Ct., Rev Dr Hewett’s, is to be dedi cated on Wednesday, the Bth. —On the following day Mr Jerome’s new church at New Haven, will be dedicated; sermon by Rev Dr Cox, who will for the present supply tlie pulpit.—Rev Alexander Campliell, founder of the Campbellites, is not dead, as has been reported. A neat and tasteful church, erected by Chris tians of various sects, in South Carver, was dedi cated on Saturday. An unusual interest attract- ed great numbers of people, owing to the curious fact that five different and conflicting denomina tions were represented by the clergymen conduct ing the exercises, as follows; Scriptures by Rev J. W. P. Jenks, Baptist; introductory prayer by Rev N. Cogswell, orthodox Congregationalist; ser mon by R v A. A. Miner, Universalist; consecra ting prayer by Rev Dr Kendall, Vnitarian; ad dress and benediction by Rev W. Tozer, Metho dist. The meeting was entirely harmonious and might appropriately have been closed with the quaint old psalm: ■•How pleasant and how good it is. And how becoming well, Together such as brethren are In unity to dwell." Dr Burr R. Abbe of Boston, and his w ife, Mrs Elizabeth S. Abbe formerly of Fairhaven, sailed for Constantinople, via England, in the Canada from Boston. They are destined to the mission among the Nestoriaus of the Kurdish mountains in Persia—The American and Foreign bible soci ety have made a grant of 10,000 new testaments for gratuitous distribution among the colored people of the South. The Chinese chapel lately erected at Sacramen to, C ilifomia. has been dedicated and opened for religious services. At the dedication, one side of the house was occupied to its utmost c opacity by Chinamen, and the other by Americans. The service was performed in Chinese, and consisted of reading the third chapter of Matthew, prayer, and an exposition of the fundamental principles of our holy religion.—The Sabbath schools of San Francisco had a public celebration lately, at which the singing was performed by eight hun dred children. There are eleven Sabbath schools in the city, with an average attendanc of 882 scholars; the libraries contain about 8000 books. The Sabbath schools of San Francisco are better supplied with religious literature than many in New England. The Christian Inquirer, Unitarian, maintains with much plausibility that the first Christians, like the Adventists of our day, “believed that the world was to be destroyed by fire; that Christ would come a second time with angels, to j udge the dead and the elect who were alive, and that all this Wits to happen in their own time.”—St Paul’s church, Knightsbridge, England, having »hown signs of a tendency towards Rome, espec ially in the matters of flowers and colored altar cloths, the bishop of London was sent for to pacify the controversy growing out of these in novations. The bishop, after due delitwrition, decided that the flowers might be tolerated upon the altar, but ordered them to be re-arranged so as not to form the figure of a cross. As to altar cloths, he thought the variety of colors too great, and limited them to a red one for ordinary use and a blue one for lent. This was intended as a peaceful compromise, but the parties in the church are now in warm contention as to wheth er the bishop’s decision endorses the views of the one or the other, and the controversy has got extensively into rhe newspapers.—Equally inter esting is the discussion now occupying the con gregational and presbyterian newspapers of this country, as to which party is likely to be over reached in their union in supporting home mis sions. The solid columns that appear from week to week on this subject, have a very formidable look, and if the editors who write them believe they are read by anybody in this mid-summer weather, their faith is certainly as remarkable as their works. —The New York Independent says of denorninatlonalism. “it is a result of that apostacy from the original organization and dis cipline which culminated in the Roman Catholic church—an evil in the church of Christ which must be done away before the millennium can be ushered in.” Rev Mr Eddy of Canaan, Ct., is reported as having said at the close of his morning service last Sunday, that “those who had hay out. had ’setter go to work and get it in, for it looked like ly to rain.” —The most singular conversion that lias recently occurred is that of a Protestant lady at St Louis, who with seven children, has joined the Hebrew congregation.—The late Rev Dr Huntington of C reentry, Ct., always supposed to be a Calvinist of the straitest sort, left a manu script volume in support of the doctrine of uni versal salvation. It was published two years af ter his death, under the title, “Calvinism Im proved; or the Gospel illustrated as a System of real Grace, issuing in the Salvation of ail Men.” —ln the last Church Review, published at New Haven, Ct., is an elaborate article to show that spiritualism is the work of the devil. The posi tion taken is, that good and bad spirits did once communicate freely with men, but that since di vine revelation ceased with the completion of the sacred canon, the devil and his angels have mo nopolized all intercourse with men, and that no one can profitably or innocently have anything to do with modern spirits.—Mrs Sarah E. New ton, wife of the editor of the New England Spir itualist at Boston, a cultivated and most estima ble lady, sailed for England in the Canada, Wednesday, in obedience to directions from spir its, on some mission connected with the further ance of spiritual opinions abroad. Cecchetti, who was sentenced to a year's im prisonment in Tuscany, for reading the bible in his own family, has been released by the grand duke, on condition that he will leave the countrv. Seats Secured.”—At some of the fashionable up-town churches, where the pewholders come in late, the seats are neatly labelled, “Strangers are respectfully requested not to occupy this pew.” This is endorsing, with a vengeance, the invita tion of Christ, “Come and buy milk and wine, without money and withoutpricc.”— N. Y. Times. A man inNew York has invented, patented and introduced a paper “dickey,” which he sells at three cents, and warrants to stand with the mercury at 90 degrees in the shade! He makes the article by machinery, at the rate of 1000 per hour, starches and polishes them until they are as brilliant as if made of linen. Another gen ius, a tin-pedlar probably, has invented a tin dickey which he warrants not to wilt at all. THE SPRINGFIELD WEEKLY REPUBLICAN: SATURDAY, AUGUST 11, 1855. Address as Rev K. Y. Swift «he Sradis ntia| Class of the Mount Holyoke Seminary, At the Anniversary. Thursday, August 2. Young Ladies of the graduating class: A band of youth such as has now riseu up before us in re sponse to this call, for the reason only that they are in the bright and joyous morning of life, is to almost any inlnd a sight most interesting to tiehold. But to the thoughtful Christian mind how much deeper the interest in a band of educa ted youth consecrated to Christ and eager for whatever service he may require. Such, my young friends, Is our interest, full of sympathy and Joy and hope, in yon who are now almut to depart from your beloved literary home to try what you can do amid the sterner duties and realities of life. You are yet in the spring time of your being. The hot breath of life’s mid summer years has not yet smitten the rose upon your check. The chill blasts of autumn and the "frosts and snows of wintry age are faraway. You are yon up. You are also educated, not in the sense that those young persons are said to lx l educated who have little but embellishments to speak of, whose intellectual powers have hardly passed out of their infancy, whose minds, with little valuable knowledge, are incapable of earnest thought and vigorous effort. Such persons have little that is worthy to be called education. Esthetic culture, iu its place, is by no means without value in a liberal education. And we would guard you against the impression that such culture is allowed so little prominence here l>e eause it is lightly esteemed. It is because the in- I stitution finds itself fully occupied in accomplish ing a primary work of higher importance; be cause the foundations ami the main pillars of the superstructure to he reared are of first importance and need to be made of the most solid and snb stantial materials. To lay such a foundation and to build up such i a framework, finishing and ornamenting it as much as they could; this has been the invalua ble work which these teachers have labored to ac complish for you. The superstructure, what its final beauty and perfection shall be, must depend upon yourselves. Go on to complete what has thus been begun; w ith the sculptor’s enthusiasm aim at absolute perfection in all things, and the end shall prove and eternity shall show how wisely these primary labors have "been bestowed. You have been taught to think; with due rev erence to superior minds, to think for yourselves. You have been trained to severe intellectual exer tion. You have learned to meet obstacles the most formidable with a steady courage and un faltering resolution, in the expectation of seeing them finally disappear. Y'ou have acquired thus new power for higher progress and for nobler achievements in the life-work before you. But more than all, we trust yon are a band of Christian youth, consecrated with all these pre cious acquisitions to Christ for the service of the church and of the world. Thus qualified, as we hope, by education and grace, we behold yon waiting the signal of final separation from each other, each one to the sphere of duty or of trial which God in his providence shall assign. And as iu thought we go forward into the fu ture, knowing that your great work must be, in one sphere or another, to lie teachers of the young; as we think of the hundreds and perhaps thous ands that will drink in instruction from your lips, and receive molding impressions from your ex ample and spirit, and in view of the qualifications we hope you have for such a high mission, we do exceedingly rejoice. May these anticipations of good from this class of 1855, who have chosen as their motto, Our Bist is Aime,”* —chosen it we trust understand ing what its import is—be more than realized. We know not —you know not what to each of you, whether of good or of evil, the future will bring, and it matters little if you arc faithful to the piaster, since there is joy above any earthly joy and consolation sufficient to cheer the darkest hour in the precious assurance to him who is able to lay hold upon it Our Rest is Above.” The symbols of that motto are graven in gold; let them also be graven, as upon living stones, on your memories and hearts. And let the beauti ful ring on which these symbols arc inscribed be to each as a wedding ring, significant to you ev ermore, as you wear it, of your marriage, as a class, in indissoluble bonds to the heavenly rest. Can any of you prove false to these vows, and by seeking an earthly rest forfeit forever your title to that which is above? In that great day when next as a class you shall meet, oh! who can think of the possibility that one and another of those who have not as yet chosen Christ as their Mas ter, will then be separated from this loved and loving circle and sent away into eternal darkness and despair! We trust you do not need letters of commenda tion from us or from your teachers to insure your success in whatever duty may require you to un dertake in life. The wise and good will give you their confidence and esteem just so far as you prove yourselves competent and worthy. The only safe introduction to stations of usefulness and responsibility is to be found in your qualifica tions for them, and these arc your only sure pass port to success. And yet it is fitting that .you should take with you some lasting token of our approbation and esteem—something with the seal of the institution upon it, which, if it shall be beneficial in no other respect, shall be to you a precious memorial of these days in years long to come. On behalf of the trustees and the principal of the seminary, therefore, as their last official act, I present you these testimonials. Young Ladies! your connection with this insti tution is now dissolved. You are free, each one to go your way, casting as we doubt not you will, as you go, many a lingering look behind you. In the name of these beloved and honored teachers, of these guardians and patrons of the seminary, of your fellow pupils, and of this great congregation; in the hope of a re-union in a bet ter world, I bid you, my dear young friends, an affectionate Adieu. •The class, as may be inferred from what follows, had adopted these words as their motto, and had its initial letters engraven upon a rich gold ring for each member. Washington at Mount Vernon, 1739-83 (From Washington Irving’s Life of Washington.) Mount Vernon was his harbor of repose, where he repeatedly furled his sail, and fancied himself anchored for life. No impulse of ambition tempt ed him thence; nothing but the call of his coun try, and his devotion to the public good. The place was endeared to him by the remembrance of his brother Lawrence, and of the happy days he had passed here with that brother in the days of boyhood; but it was a delightful place in itself, and well calculated to inspire the rural feeling. The mansion was beautifully situated, on a swelling hight, crowned with wood, and com manding a magnificent view up and down the Po tomac. The grounds immediately about it were laid out somewhat in the English taste. The es tate was apportioned into separate farms, devoted to different kinds of culture, each having its allot ted laborers. Much, however, was still covered with wild woods, seamed with deep dells and runs of water, and indented with inlets; haunts of deer, and lurking places of foxes. The whole woody region along the Potomac, from Monnt Vernon to Belvoir, and far beyond, with its range of forests and hills, and picturesque promontories, afforded sport of various kinds, and was a noble hunting ground. Washington had hunted through it with old Lord Fairfax in his stripling days; we do not wonder that his feelings throughout life incessant ly reverted to it. These were as yet, the aristocratical days of Virginia. The estates went large, and continued in the same families by entails. Many of the wealthy planters were connected with old families in England. The young men, especially the elder sons, were often sent to finish their education there, and on their return brought out the tastes and habits of the mother country. The govern ors of Virginia were from the higher ranks of so ciety and maintained a corresponding state. The ‘established,’ or Episcopal church predominated throughout the ancient dominion,’ as it was termed; each county was divided into parishes as in England,—each with its parochial church, its parsonage, and glebe. Washington was vestry man of two parishes, Fairfax and Truro; the paro chial church of the former was at Alexandria, ten miles from Mount Vernon; of the latter, at Pohick, about seven miles. The church at Po hick was rebuilt on a plan of his own, and in a great measure at his expense. At one or the oth er of these churches lie attended every’ Sunday, when the weather and the roads permitted. His demeanor was reverential and devout. Mrs Wash ington knelt during the prayers; he always stood, as it was the custom at that time. Both were communicants. Among his occasional visitors and associates were Captain Hugh Mercer and Dr Craik; the former, after his narrow escapes from the toma hawk and scalping-knife, was quietly settled at Fredericksburg; the latter, after the campaigns on the frontier wore over, had taken up his resi dence at Alexandria, and was now Washington's family physician. Both were drawn to him by campaigning ties and recollections, and wens ever welcome nt Mount Vernon. A Style of living prevailed among the opulent Virginian families in those days that has long since faded away. The houses were spacious, commodious, liberal in all their appointments, and fitted to cope with the free-handed, open hearted hospitality of the owners. Nothing was more common than to see handsome services of plate, elegant equipages, and superb carriage horses—all imported from England. The Virginians have always been noted for their love of horses; a manly passion which in those days of opulence, they indulged without re gard to expense. The rich planters vied with each other in their studs, importing the best English stocks. Mention is madeof one of the Randolphs of Tuckahoe, who built n stable for his favorite dapple-gray horse, Shakspeare, with a recess for the bed of the negro groom, who always slept be side him at night. Washington by his marriage, had added above one hundred thousand dollars to his already con siderable forume, and was enabled to live in am ple and dignified style. His intimacy with the Fairfaxes, and Ids intercourse with British officers of rank, had perhaps their influence on his mode of living. He had his chariot and four, with black postillions in livery, for the use of Mrs Washing ton and her lady visitors. As for himself, he al ways appeared on horseback. His stable was well tilled, and admirably regulated. His stud was thorough-bred and in excellent order. Ills household books contain registers of the names, ages, and marks of his favorite horses; such as Ajax, Bineskin, Valiant, Magnolia (an Arab), Ac. Also his dogs, chiefly foxhounds, Vulcan, Singer. Ringwood, Sweetlips, Forrester, Music, Rock wood, Truelove, Sc. He was an early riser, often before daybreak in the winter when the nights were long. On such occasions he lit his own fire, and wrote or read by candle-light. He breakfasted at seven in the summer, at eight in winter. Two small cups of tea and three or four eakes of Indian meal (called hoe-cakes), formed his frugal repast. Immedi ately after breakfast, he mounted his horse and visited those parts of the estate where any work was going on, seeing to everything with his own eyes, and often aiding with his own hand. Dinner was served at two o’clock. He ate heartily, but was no epicure, nor critical about Ills food. His beverage was small beer or cider, and two glasses of old Madeira. He took tea, of which he was very fond, early in the evening, and retired for the night about nine o’clock. If confined to the house by bad weather, he took that occasion to arrange his papers, post up his accounts, or write letters; passing part of the time in reading, and occasionally reading aloud to the family. He treated his negroes with kindness; attended to their comforts; was particularly careful of them in sickness; but never tolerated idleness, and ex acted a faithful performance of their allotted tasks. He had a quick eye at calculating each man’s capabilities. An entry in his diary gives a curious instance of this. Four of his negroes, employed as carpenters, were hewing and shap ing timber. It appeared to him, in noticing the amount of work accomplished between two suc ceeding mornings, that they loitered at their la bor. Sitting down quietly he timed their opera tions; how long it took them to get their cross cut saw and other implements ready; how long to clear away the branches from the trunk of a fallentree; how long to hew and saw it; what time was expended in considering and consulting, and after ail, how much work was effected during the time he looked on. From this he made his computation how much they could execute in the course of a day, working entirely at their ease. At another time we find him working for apart of two days with Peter, his smith, to make a plow on a new invention of his own. This, after two or three failures, he accomplished. Then with less than his usual judgment, he put his two char iot horses to the plow, and ran a great risk of spoiling them, in giving his new invention a trial over ground thickly swarded. Anon, during a thunder storm, a frightened ne gro alarms the house, with word that the mill is giving way, upon which there is a general turn out of all the forces, with Washington at their head, wheeling and shoveling gravel, during a pelting rain, to check the rushing water. Washington delighted in the chase. In the hunting season, when he rode out early in the morning to visit distant parts of the estate, where work was going on, he often took some of the dogs with him for the chance of starting a fox, which he occasionally did, though he was not al ways successful in killing him. He was a bold rider and an admirable horseman, though he nev er claimed the merit of being an accomplished fox-hunter. In the hight of the season, however, he would be out w ith the fox-hounds two or three times a week, accompanied by his guests at Mount Vernon and the. gentlemen of the neighborhood, especially the Fairfaxes of Belvoir, of which es tate his friend George William Fairfax was now the proprietor. On such occasions there would be a hunting dinner at one or the other of those es tablishments, at which convivial repasts Wash ington is said to have enjoyed himself with un wonted hilarity. Sally Sly and Jane McKown. HUMOROUS REPORT ON BUTTER. (By S. D. Little of Merrimac (N. H.) Agricultural So ciety.) The beneficence of the Creator is manifested, in so disposing our tastes, and so adapting these to the varieties with which we are surrounded as to make life a scene of enjoyment instead of a bur den. It might have been that necessary food would have been noisome as it is sometimes to the diseased stomach, had it not have pleased the Cre ator to have ordered it otherwise. Bread is the staff of life, but butter is given to make it slip down easier, and with a better relish. But it de pends something on who makes the buUer, wheth er it answers this purpose. Butter made in Joe Bunker’s house, needs to be eaten in the dark; then to make it pass well, one or two other senses should be laid aside —while that made by his bro ther Jonathan may be eaten in the full blaze of noon; you would wish that your neck was as long again, that you might have the pleasureable sen sation of swallowing prolonged. Perhaps a bit of the history of their better halves will explain the whole matter. Joe’s wife was Sally Sly, when a small girl she was sly—she would not half wash the milk pail, but sly it away and let it sour. She was sly nt school and did not half get her lessons, but would have her books in sight when reciting—but as she grew older she learned that to get well married, she must appear well, and so she bent all her cun ning to get a superficial education in everything, from roasting potato to playing the piano. Poor Joe fell in love with her, and love has no eyes,’ so he married her. But soon after she entered on housekeeping, his eye sight came, and he saw his fix, Hint it was for better or for worse,’ and he thought it was all for worse. Like a true philoso pher, he concluded to endure what he could not avoid or cure, and got along tolerably well, only when he came to her butter, for his mother was a real butter maker. Every time he saw or tasted of Sally’s butter he felt the horrors. Hermanner of making butter is somewhat as follows: She thinks it of no consequence whether the milk pail is sweet or sour—sets the milk in a warm room, because it is easier than to go into the cel lar, and if some dirt should blow into the pans she thinks every man must eat a peck of dirt,’ and in no place will it slip down easier than in butter—she lets the cream pots be open, and when she churns forgets the poke; leaves the cream at blood heat that it may come quick. When she takes it out of the chum, she picks out the bodies of all flies and spiders; the legs and wings are so small they can be swallowed. She works out half the buttermilk and sets it away in a warm place for use. Poor Joe has seen so much of this kind that lie declares butter does not agree with health, and will not taste it. Yet his wife wonders why he does dot try it, and marvels that he does not keep a dairy and make butter for market. Jonathan was a younger brother of Joe, and he had occasion to eat at his brother’s enough to know why he did not eat butter; and he declared he never would marry without knowing what his bread would be buttered with. Following the bent of his fancy he made several attempts at matrimony, and Julia J ttmper almost caught him, for there was always good butter on the table for tea, but he was determined to know who made it. On inquiry, she says: ‘Larnel mother mpkes the butter; I take les sons on the piano.’ Well,’ says Jonathan, I want a wife that takes lessons on the chum—l shall look further.’ After several unsuccessful attempts and just ready to despair, be started in pursuit of stray cat tle before breakfast, and wandered through the forest into the next town, and weary and hungry, called at a decent looking house and asked for some refreshments, which were most cordially granted, for the family were what are called Scotch Irish—in religion Presbyterian, and in hospitality boundless. Here he found the butterexactly right; though the weather was hot, the butter kept Its shape ns well us bees wax. He catechised the old lady about her housewifery, for the bread was as right as the butter. The old lady said her health was feeble—she could do but little, and Jenny had the whole management. He made some roundabout inquiries cone ruing Jenny; and heard that she was a hearty, black-eyed lass of about two and twentv; hail never seen a piano or attended n ball, but kn w the assembly’s catechism, and could sing Old Hundred to a charm, spin flax and darn stockings, and was then gone to town with butter. Ho lingered, but she was delayed, and w hen his excuses for staying were exhausted, ho started. He could not get the good butter out ot his mind, and how it happened, I know not, ho soon found his way there again, and the result of his adventure was, ho made a wife of Jane Mc- Kearn. And now oue lump of his butter is worth more than Joe’s wife would make in a month. There’s no trouble going to market—the keepers of genteel boarding houses In the neighboring villages send and take It nt the highest market price. Now the main difference between these two wo nt. n arises from the manner ot thuning. though there is no difference in natural disposition. Old Madam Sally never looked on to see that Sally did up her work right, but suffered her to shy off her work as she chose, nml though a good house keeper herself, was altogether too indulgent, and like some other mothers, thought more of getting Sallv well married than of making her lit for a wife—while Old Madam McKeam was determined Jenny should be fit for any man’s wife, whether she got married or not. Perhaps there is no more certain criterion by which to judge of a woman s general character for neatness and good house keeping, than by the quality of her butter. Find on the fanner’s table a good solid, properly salt ed, well worked slice of butter, and you need not fear to eat the cake or hash; but see a splash of half-worked butter—salt in lumps, and a sprink ling of hair and flies’ legs, you may be sure that if you board there very long, death will not be obliged to wait much for you to finish your peek of dirt. My advice is, to young farmers, to make it a sine qua non in a wife that she makes prime but ter, and the voting ladies who aspire to be farm er’s wives had much better be imperfect in filla gree and music, than be deficient iu that most im portant art of making butter, which smooths, not only the sharp corners of crust and crackers, but will smooth asperities of the husband’s temper. A South Sea Story. (FromthcNewark Daily Advertiser.) There is not a little of romantic interest in an account which has been given lately, in some of the papers, of the visit to this countrv of a daugh ter of one of the native chiefs of the Marquesas Islands. There is a small group in the Pacific, about nine degrees south of the Equator, and some four thousand west of Peru. Some fifteen years ago a company of sailors from a whaling ship pitt off in pursuit of a whale, and while en gaged iu the capture lost sight of their vessel. After waiting as long as they dared, to be picked up, they were compelled to direct their course to the nearest land. This was the Marquesas Islands. The reputation of the islanders was bad, but even at the risk of being eaten by the savages, they were compelled by the certainty of death if they did not, to land. Contrary to their expecta tion, thev were kindly received, and for nine mouths entertained by the natives, who showed every disposition to have them remain perma nently. They, however, kept a continual watch for passing vessels. One day a ship was descried iu the offing. The man on the look-out on a neighboring mountain, gave the signal to his companions below. In a paroxysm of joy they rushed to the beach, and hastily launching their boat thev leaped in. The natives at first, taken by surprise, did not interfere, but soon discover ing their intentions, endeavored to prevent their leaving. There seemed no alternative but to push off on thc moment. So, without waiting for their shipmate, who was making his way down from his station, they plied the oar and were soon far on their way, and were seen no more. Mills, for’ that was the name of the deserted sailor, seeing all hope of escape taken away, though at first overwhelmed with disappointment, soon concluded to make the best of a hard case, and if possible to render what was a forced, now a willing and pleasant home. In the chief’s fam ily, to which lie had from the first been taken, he found many opportunities of being useful to the islanders, and he soon became a favorite. The chief had an only daughter, a sprightly girl of some twelve or fourteen summers, with whom Mills became more than a favorite. After five years residence ho became her husband. Not long after their marriage the chief died, and Mills, who had now acquired great influence, became a sort of regent, his wife being according to hereditary usage, chief. In this capacity he did what lie could to foster civilization, and his efforts were largely sucicessfuL Cannibalism was abandoned, polygamy abolished, and the softened intercourse of civilized society gradually took the place of the old barbarism. Quite a flourish ing trade sprung up with the ships which have been encouraged to stop there. Mr Mills became exceedingly anxious that Christian instruction, such as he could not give, should be imparted to the natives. For this pur pose he ’wrote to the Sandwich Islands for teach ers. Getting no answer, he resolved to go after them himself. So, leaving his child, a boy about three years old, who had now become chief, and taking with him his wife and what property he had (some fifteen hundred dollars,) he went first to Australia, then to Van Diemen’s Land, then to New Zealand, seeking some one who would be willing to go back with him—but in vain, as none cotdd be found. By an accident he was persuaded to visit Amer ica,"and he landed at Salem last October, with means almost exhausted. The story is a long one, of his subsequent disappointments and trials. During the last winter, with a sick wife, and an infant son (born in New York,) he suffered much and after many fruitless attempts was about to give over in despair, the design of procuring a man to return with him. There did not seem one in the land who was ready to go, and none who were willing to send. Just when bidding farewell to friends who had assisted him, one of the providences—they can not be called accidents—threw in his way a re cent graduate of the Union Seminary in New York. As soon almost as Mills’s statement camo to his cars he offered to go with him. They are now just on the eve of their departure from the country. These statements, which we have received from Mr Mills himself, are confirmed by most reliable authority. The whole story, of which we have given but a rapid outline, is one of more than ordinary interest. We should suppose that the missionary societies have rarely found so favora ble an opportunity of planting a mission among a heathen people as this present. Mike Finck and the Ball. The story of Mike Finck and the bull would make a cynic laugh. Mike took a notion to go in swimming, and hod just-got his clothes off, when he saw Deacon Smith’s bull making at him —tlie bull was a vicious animal, and had come near killing two or three persons—consequently, Mike felt rather jubus.” He didn’t want to call for help for he was naked, and the nearest place from whence assistance could arrive was the meet ing-honse, which was at the time filled with wor shipers, among whom was the “gal Mike was paying his devours to.” So lie dodged the bull as the animal came at him, and managed to catch him by the tail. He was dragged around till nearly dead, and when he thought he could hold no longer, he made up his mind he had better holler.” And now we will let him tell his own story:— So looking at the matter in all its bearings, I cum to the conclusion that I’d bet ter let some one know whar I was. So I gin a yell louder than ti locomotive whistle, and it warn’t long before I seed the Deacon’s two dogs a coinin’ down like as if they war seein’ which could get thar fust. I knowed who they were arter—they’d j inc the bull agin me, I was sartin, for they were orful weno mous, and bad a spite agin me. So says I, old brindlc, as ridin’ is as cheap as walkin’ on this route, if you’ve no objections, I’ll jlst take a deck passage on that ar’back o’yourn. So I wnsn t very long gettin’ astride of him; then, if you d bin thar, you’d have sworn thar warn’t nothin’ linman in that ar mix, the sile flew so orfully as the critter and I rolled round the field—one dog on one side, and one on the other—tryin’ to clinch my feet. I praved and cnssed, and curaed and prayed, until I couldn't tell which I did last— and neither warn’t of no use, they war so orfully mixed up. Well, I reckon I rid nbout half an hour this wav, when old brindle thought it were time to stop to take in a supply of wind, and cool off a little. So when we got round to a tree that stood thar, he naturally halted. So scz I, old boy, you’ll lose one passenger sartin. So I jist clum up a branch, kalkclatin’ to roost thar till I starved, afore I'd be rid round that nr way any longer. I wnr a makin’ tracks for the top o' the tree, when 1 henrd suthin’ a milkin' an orful buz zin’ overhead. 1 kinder looked up, and if thnr warn’t—well, Ihiir’s no use a sweatin', but it war the biggest hornet’s nest ever blit. You’ll gin in’now, I reckon, Mike, ’cause there’s no help for von. Bulan idea struck me then, that I’d stand a heap better chanoa a ridin’ the bull than whar I was. Sec 1, old feller, if you’ll hold on, I II ride to the next station anyhow, let that be whar it will. So 1 jlst dropped aboard him agin, nud looked aloft to see what I hud gained by changin’ quarters; mid, gentlemen, I’m a liar if thar wanrt nigh half a bushel of the singln var mints ttadv to pitch into me when the word go was gin. Well, 1 reckon they got it, for all hands started for our company. Some on’em hit the dogs—about a quart struck me, and the rest charged on brindlc. This time the dogs led off ftist, dead bent for the old deacon’s, mid as soon as old brindlc and I could get under way wo followed, and as I was only a deck passenger, mid had nothin’ to do with steering the craft, I aware If I had, wc shouldn't have rim that channel, anyhow. But, as 1 said before, the dogs took the lead—brindlc and 1 next, and the hornets dro’kly arter. The dogs yellin’—brindlc bellcrin’, and the hornets buzzin’ and stingin’. Well, wc hud got about two hun dred yards from the house, and the deacon heard us and cum out. I seed him hold up his hand and turn white. I reckoned he was prayin’ then, for he didn’t expect to be called for so soon, and it warn’t long neither, afore the whole congrega tion —men, women mid children—cum out, mid then all hands went to yellin.’ None of ’em had the fust notion brindlc and I belonged to this world. I jlst turned my head mid passed the hull congregation. I see the run would be up soon, for briudle couldn’t turn an inch from a fence that stood dead ahead. Well, we reached that fenc?, and 1 went ashore, over the old crit ter’s head, landin’ on ’totber side, and lay thar stunned. It warn’t long afore some of ’em as war not seared, came runnln’ to sec what I war. For all hands kalkelated that the bull and I belonged to gether. But when brindlc walked oft' by himself, they seed how it war, and one of’em said, Mike Fink has got the wust of a scrimmage once in Ills life!’ Gentlemen, from that day I dropped the courtin’ bizziness, and never spoke to a gal since, and when my hunt is up on this yearth, there won’t be any more Finks, and it’s all owin’ to Deacon Smith’s Brindle Bull.” Tea Table Drinks. There are three aromatic beverages, tea, coffee, and cocoa, which are generally used in all parts of civilized Europe, Asia and America. In the countries of China, Thibet, Russia, Holland, England, and the various States and provinces of North America, having an aggregate popula tion of five hnndred million human beings, an estimated quantity of two thousand million pounds of tea —four pounds to each individual is annually used. Coffee, which is preferred by many people to tea, and which is indeed tlic sta ple minor luxury of Mahomedan life, is yearly becoming more and more generally used. It Is estimated that six hundred million pounds of the coffee bean arc consumed every year by one hundred and twenty millions of men. Cocoa, the least popular of these drinks, is still a favor ite beverage in Central America, Italy and Spain, and is probably consumed to the extent of one hundred million pounds a year among a popula tion of fifty millions. An article in the April number of the Edin burgh Review gives some interesting facts in re lation to the chemical properties of these three tea table drinks, which are common upon every table in our land, and explains at length the reasons why they are always so refreshing to the weary and so apparently nourishing to the hun gry. It says that the tea, coffee and cocoa all contain in the roasted statu in which they are used, aromatic oils, in minute proportion, to which the peculiar aronia of cadi is due. They contain also a proportion of an astringent sub stance resembling the tannin of gall nuts or oak bark. In the tea and coffee is foken of among a number of ‘river men,’ on the wharf, when one of them, with characteristic bluntness, observed, ‘come, boys, let’s take a little stock in Heaven,’ at Hie same time taking from his pocket a couple of dollars as bis part of the contribution for the poor widow. His example was followed by others and a hand some sum was the result of this rough, impromp tu exhortation.

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Springfield Weekly Republican (Springfield, Mass.)August 11, 1855

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Springfield Weekly Republican (Springfield, Mass.)
August 11, 1855