Popular Science Monthly 1926-03: Vol 108 Iss 3

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; ite ite RY MONTH PRIZES EVE AY 2 Page 11 ‘1000 IN CASH

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This better hammer keeps better | Instantly, with a turn of the wrist, you retighten the head of any Plumb Tool. V-shape of wedge expands wood of handle against all sides of eye all the way in. OU can buy a Plumb Ham- mer today that will keep new for years. It will retain its balance, its accuracy, its power — the things that make it famous—for its head will stay tight at a turn of your wrist on the Take-Up Wedge. Everything you want in a ham- mer — permanently. Such as a larger face for greater accuracy; a shorter neck for better balance, more power; knife-edge claws that pull any nail with ease. This is the hammer that hun- dreds of carpenters helped to de- sign, the tool whose long life and skillful service make it the right hammer for every man who wants to do good work easily. The hardware dealer who sells you a Plumb Hammer, or other Plumb Tool, wants to give you — does give you—all the value your money can buy. FAYETTE R. PLUMB, Inc., Philadelphia, U.S. A. Look for the Red Handle with the Black Head (Color Combination registered as trade mark in U.S.Patent Office EXCLUSIVELY PLUMB DOUBLE LIFE | eS Hammers Hatchets Files Sledges Axes March, 1

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 6 WHEREVER YOU GET 1] Quality created the demand— y Dema nd made | possible the price "JALLY PREt SMOK ine JosAace? NOW © Guaranteed by t pea eb eC ‘ VA VAVIV AY ANAVAY AN A VAVAYD RATED a ‘ — an Se THIS BAND IS YOUR PROTECTION © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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MARCH, 1926; Vol. 108, No. 3 25 cents a Copy; $2.50 a Year Popu lar Science Monthly The Magazine of Invention and Discovery Published in New York City at 250 Fourth Avenue Don’t Miss These Features Poputar Science MonTHLy offers $1,000 in cash prizes each month in a remark- able new Picture Contest in which Johnand Mary New- lywed return with fascinat- ing problems for you to solve. This contest is open to everybody. Turn to page 11 and read how you may winone of the big cash prizes, and at the same time train your mind to keener observation. Bi GINNING in this issue, BOUT this time every year many of us get out our pencil and paper and renew our planning of the new home we have dreamed of. Others of us find equal pleasure in new schemes to improve and beautify our present abodes. This business of home building is mighty fascinating, but it has its pitfalls. It also has its little “kinks” and “dodges” that save money and trouble. In “ Mis- takes I Made in Building My House” on page 28 you'll find oneof the most ifiterest- ing and helpful articles on the subject ever printed. gabe a of readers have written telling us how much they en- joyed trying the mental tests pub- lished in last month’s issue. Another and equally fascinating set of tests appears Tom Shevlin, one of the greatest all- round athletes ever produced at Yale. Death ended his career in his 30’s. Do athletes die young? See page 34 pe a Wp in this issue on page 26. See how well your mind works. It’s a profit. able game that anyone can play. i hare number of great athletes whose lives have been snuffed out in recent months has aroused much questioning, especially among those of us who are lovers of sport. Is there danger in much strenuous exercise? Do the stars of football, baseball, box- ing, tennis, and rowing burn out before their time? Is the “athletic heart” a hazard to guard against? A re. markable article on page 34 answers these questions. ID you ever stop to think how many of the comforts and conven- iences you enjoy today were born of poverty, heart-breaking discourage- ment and dogged determination? Read, on page 31, the dramatic story of a great inventor whose courage freed thousands of women from the bonds of drudgery. And 200 Other Articles and Pictures, including— Page Popular Science Institute of Standards........ 6 How Some Men Lead Double Lives.............. A Fascinating New Picture Contest........... 11 The First American Scientist...............6: 14 How Test Tubes Solve Crime... ..........006 15 By G. B. Seybold Caging a Fierce Canyon Stream.............. 17 Folks Who Fly Their Own Airplanes.......... 18 By Edgar C. Wheeler Marvels of the Electric Home................ 20 Can a Bald Man Grow Tair? .......:.....0..« 2 By Frederic Damrau, M.D. A Bear Hunt 20,000 Years Ago............... 23 The Power of Five Niagaras ...........2...+. 24 Test the Power of Your Mind................ 26 Mistakes I Made When I Built My House..... 28 By John R. McMahon He Freed Women from Drudgery............. 31 By Robert E. Martin Mysteries That Ride the Mails............... 33 A OS fa, a 34 By Arthur Grahame How Lights Paint the Gay White Way........ 36 By Marshall D. Beuick Page New Links in the Ever-Growing Girdle of Science 38 Women Who Hold Men’s Jobs............... 40 Seven Ways in Which Seven Men Defy —-- 41 Famous Train Installs Electric Kitchen.. oo. Runs Diabor Hus On RAUB... 6c oo sac sce s cece 42 A Lamp That Casts No Shadows............. 42 Lifeboat Prevents Submarine Fatalities........ 43 Motorized Hansom Cab Popular in Paris...... 43 Kite Inspired by Flettner’s Rotor Ship: ....... 43 The Most Thrilling Game in the World.. . 44 Phone Meter Registers Calls................. 46 First Motor Driven Passenger Ship............ 46 A Lock Washer That Really Locks............ 46 New Type of Armored War Tank............. 47 Carry Your Chair in 8 Cane... ...ssc cc ceesess 47 Fountain Pen for Lettering. . eee ae: Meee Ingenious Machine for Picking Corn. ye a a Orchard Device Sorts Fruit echanically.. Lan ad 48 eS ag ie, Sa i 48 Fire Truck with Self Supporting Ladder....... 49 She Keeps Her Golf Score on Her Bracelet..... 49 How Quickly Can a Trolley Car Stop?. eee DaRBbeNs GF CUTIGUS JONG... 6c .. SG i's we sivee cs 50 Odd Things Taught in Schools................ 51 Page A Club to Retrieve Golf Balls..............6- 52 How Much Do You Know About Science?..... 52 Novel Plow Needs No Horse..............-05 52 Plane Takes Off from Land, Ice or Water...... 53 New Rustiess Diving Suit... ....2s0ccsssessce 53 Os OO 8. CN SSS Sooo oeoe ae 53 Curious and Practical New Inventions........- 54 Strange Sources of Music .. ......00.ccseesees 55 Automatic Signal Robs Fog of Danger......... 56 They Lighten Woman’s Job..............-08: 58 How to Be a Radio Weather Fan............- 60 By John Carr New Products of Radio Genius. ..........-++: 62 How to Use Radio B Eliminators By Alfred P. Lane Novel Auto Tools and Fittings. ...........--- 65 When Your Ignition Goes Bad............-+: 66 By Martin Bunn Ideas You Can Use on Your Car..........--: 68 Home Workshop..............-.- 71 Better Shop Methods.......... 76 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Issued monthly. ie copy, 25 cents. Yearly subscription to United States, $2.50; foreign countries, $3. Entered matter Dec. 28, 1918, at the Post Office at New York under 1879; additional entry as second-class matter applied for at Chicago, Ill. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office Department, Canada. Printed in U. 8S. A. ublishing Co., Inc. The contents of its possessions, and Canada, Copyright 1926, by the Popular Science as second-class the act of March 3, this magazine must not be reprinted without permission. In presenting in its editorial columns numerous stories of new products of applied science, POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY does not underwrite the business methods of the individuals or concerns producing them. The use of POPULAR SCIENCE eo eee gy articles, or uotations from them for stock-selling schemes is never authorized. O. B. esident and Treasurer; R. C. Wilson, Vice-President; A Capen, A. L. Cole, Secretary. March,

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March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY | Unfailing vadio power from the =. LIGHT SOCKET | @ ‘ND any INV. AWN, Balkite Radio Power Units Balkite Radio Power Units give unfailing, uniform current for both LEP circuits from the light socket. One very popular Balkite installation, J especially for heavy duty sets where reserve “A” power is required is with the Balkite Battery Charger and Balkite “B.” Here the noise- \-—t OG hin pe gig ii is _— If your gas — ow, you merely turn on the charger and operate the set. Balkite , . “B” eliminates “B” batteries entirely and supplies plate current Balkite Trickle Charger Converts any 6-volt ‘‘A”’ battery of , from the light socket. 30 ampere hours capacity or more ) into an automatic A’”’ power unit that furnishes “‘A’’ current from Balkite light socket equipment the light socket. With 4-volt and smaller 6-volt batteries may be used either as an intermittent charger ; Anothervery popular Balkite installation is with the Balkite Trickle oe 2 ee vs Charger and Balkite“B.” The Balkite Trickle Charger converts your ac iaadeda ah tsiapinacaia iat “A” battery into an automatic “A” power unit that provides “A” current from the light socket, so that both circuits operate from the lighting circuit. This installation enables you to convert your pres- ent receiver into a light socket set. Noiseless — No bulbs—Permanent e 2 ‘escs ; All Balkite Radio Power Units are permanent pieces of equipment, Balkite Battery Charger : entirely noiseless, have no bulbs, nothing to break, replace or get out The popular rapid charger for6-vole ; of order. Their current consumption is very low. All operate from vd a nee 5 ° current, with models for 50,60and other cycles. oF 25- - $19.50. 110-120 volt AC t, with models for 50,60and oth les. All ee oe : are tested and listed as standard by the Underwriters’ Laboratories. 0 . The Balkite Railway Signal Rectifier is now standard equip- } 3 ment on over 50 leading American and Canadian Railroads 5 6 FAN STEEL ©. | ' @ Sav Balkite **B’’ ‘IS: Eliminates ‘‘B’”’ batteries and sup- plies plate current from the light socket. For sets of 6 tubes and less, $35. In Canada, $49.50. 4s ry ‘ Vv Balkite “*B’’ II A 10 Owe Ni AY Supplies plate current from the ‘ light socket. Will serve any stand- ard set. Especially adapted to sets of 6 tubes or more. $55. InCanada,$75. MANUFACTURED BY FANSTEEL PRODUCTS COMPANY, INC., NORTH CHICAGO, ILLINOIS q v ACCESSORIES LTD.,9-13 HYTHE RD., WELLESDEN, LONDON, N. W. 10 SOLE LICENSEES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM: MESSRS. RADIO © This seal on = radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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Decide where you want to. ph | 90 before you start! | OU wouldn’t think of get- ting on a train without knowing beforehand where you wanted to go. No one in his right mind would start out on a journey with no idea of his destina- tion. Yet, many a man starts out on life’s journey without the ghost of an idea of his goal. He takes the first job that comes along. He drifts around from one sort of work to another. He makes no attempt to find out which trade or profession he is best fitted for, and which offers him the best future. Every man has a natural talent for one particular vocation, and that is the vocation in which he will achieve the biggest success. Your talent is shown in your “‘hobby”— in the thing you enjoy doing most, whether it’s making speeches or selling goods, tinkering with cars or electric motors, drawing pictures or keeping accounts.

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ¢ comes his way—and it always does come. to the man who is trained to accept it. Decide on Your Future Through «<Money-Making Opportunities” How about your future? Are you looking ahead and planning for brighter times? Or are you merely dissatisfied with your present job, without doing anything about get- ting a better one? Right here and now you can decide on what you want to be, and how you can attain your ambition. ‘“*Money-Making Opportunities,” the new section of PopuLAR SCIENCE MonrTuty on pages 128F to 158 of this issue, is the meeting-place for men who need training and those whose business is train-

But natural talent ing men. Grouped on

alone is not enough. It must be developed, through training. Instead of leaving his career to accident, the successful man plans it in advance. He prepares for pro- motion through technical training— either with a good home - study school, residence trade school, or set of books. He gets ready for oppor- tunity before it comes. He can stepinto a big-

$100 in Prizes for Readers of “Money - Making Opportunities.”’ Full Details of This Month’s Great Prize Con- test and Last Month’s Winners Will Be on Page 128F. these pages are dozens and dozens of ways to win success. We have made it easy for you to decide on your ca- reer by placing all ad- vertisements of courses of training, technical books, etc., in this one convenient section. It will pay you to turn to “‘ Money-Mak- ing Opportunities” now. Read carefully each advertisement. Pick out those which appeal to you most —those in the field Found

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Then write to those advertisers for full partic- ulars of their training. For an hour or so of your time, and a few two-cent stamps, you can you'd like to enter. get “inside information” about your chosen profession. You can learn what others have done in the line of work you wish to follow. You can find out what your own oppor- tunities are. You can get facts and figures that will enable you to decide quickly and rightly—to take the road best suited to you, and follow it to real success. This is how thousands won their way to the top. Through the pages of Poputar Science Mon uty, men with no experience, with little or no education, with nothing but their own ambition behind them, have risen quickly to positions of responsibility and big incomes. Their opportunity is your oppor- tunity. Turn now to pages 128F to 158. Study ‘‘Money-Making Oppor- tunities,” come to a decision, and then act! Your future depends upon it. Make your life’s journey a success by deciding where you want to ga—NOW! 33 Pages of “Money-Making Opportunities” to Help YOU Decide on Your Future TURN TO PAGES 128F TO 158 NOW

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ee eey—EOEO———=— ee +. OO me ort Kw eoOon sia ali POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Your hardware dealer will be glad to show you these two super-tools. Ask to look at them next time you are in. VANADIUM You buyers of good tools—the kind of tools that give husky, long-lived service—can’t do any better than to make sure a V & B Vanadium Hammer and a V & B Unbreakable Plane are in your kit. They are made for the craftsman that buys the best. V & B Vanadium Hammers are made from Vana- dium steel and handled with the finest white hick- ory. A Vaughan’s Expansion Wedge firmly locks the handle tight. It is positive insurance of a tight head. V & B Unbreakable Planes are drop-forged —not cast. They stand the falls that would break an ordinary plane. They are furnished, too, with all Vanadium steel blades. Toots _ ago, II, U.S.A © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% — hammers have both been sup. jected to the same tests by the Popular Science Institute. What hap. pened is plainly visible, The approved ham. mer, below, was pur. chased from a reliable Do You Know hardware dealer for $1.60. The other was obtained in a chain store and cost 50 cents How to Select Good Tools? 50 cents and the other $1.60—would you be able to tell whether the differ- ence in price was justified? Probably not, if the two hammers did not show more surface indication of their merits and de- merits than the two illustrated above did when purchased. But the tests of the Popular Science Institute of Standards proved, without question, that the $1.10 difference in price was warranted. The $1.60 hammer is capable of standing up under hardest usage by a carpenter for a lifetime. The 50-cent hammer is likely to break under the first hard blow. In the first place, upon examination by a wood expert, it was found that while the handles of both hammers were of hickory, the handle of the $1.60 hammer was of the best grade of stainless, second- growth white hickory and the 50-cent hammer handle of an inferior grade of hickory in which the grain was not true and which contained knotholes. It will be noticed that the break in the 50-cent hammer handle is very abrupt, thus indicating the use of heart wood from the center of the tree. The best han- dle hickory comes from sap wood, which is tenacious and springy. Sap wood is used in the $1.60 hammer. A torsion machine was used in making the laboratory test on the handles. The 50-cent hammer was placed in this ma- chine and pressure exerted. The hammer failed under 1125 pounds-inches—the frac- ture of the handle resulting, as is evident in the picture. But 2525 pounds-inches of pressure did only the slight damage to the $1.60 hammer. A second sample of the $1.60 hammer stood more than 3000 pounds-inches of pressure before a fracture occurred. The face and wedge test further proved the inferiority of the cheaper hammer. Gio con two hammers—one costing By Hazen G. Ty ter, M.E., E.E. Associate Director Popular Science Institute of Standards Both hammers were given 10,000 blows in a striking-machine. The purpose of this test is to see if the face is affected (whether the steel is too soft or too hard) and also to determine whether the head is properly wedged. Just what happened to the two hammers, as the result of this test, is quite evident in the illustration. The face of the 50-cent hammer was broken, and the head became so loose that it might fly off at any moment. The steel in the more expensive hammer was neither too soft nor too brittle, for the face showed no effects from this strenu- ous test. Also, the head of the $1.60 hammer remained unloosened. © POPULAR SCIENCE Monthly Guarantee The above seal on an advertise- ment indicates that theproducts referred to have been approved after test by the Popular Science Institute of Standards. Popular Science Monthly guar- antees every article of merchan- dise advertised in its columns. Readers who buy products adver- tised in Popular Science Monthly may expect that these products will give absolute satisfaction under normal and proper use. Our readers in buying these products are guaranteed this satisfaction by Popular Science Monthly. THE PUBLISHERS. It was noted here that the fibres in the back of the eye of the 50-cent hammer had pulled away from the head of the hammer. This shows less careful design of the interior of the eye and poor wedg- ing. This cheaper hammer contained only two wooden wedges and no steel wedges. There were three steel wedges and one wooden wedge in the $1.60 ham- mer, with the result that the handle re- mained firmly wedged in the head despite the exhaustive tests that were applied. In the nail-pulling test, it was shown that the $1.60 hammer was again supe- rior. This test brought out such defects as wire edge and improper cleaning in the claws of the cheaper hammer. It was also evident from this test that the whole head of the 50-cent hammer had evidently been heat-treated in one operation, which meant that all parts of the head were of the same degree of hardness. In a prop- erly-made hammer head, varying degrees of ‘on in different parts are essen- tial. Hardness tests were conducted on the Brinell testing machine and the sclero- scope, further proving the fact that the steel in the cheaper hammer was entirely too brittle. From the results of the tests described above, and from similar results obtained from testing other hand tools, the Pop- ular Science Institute of Standards has come to the very definite conclusion that the only way the individual buyers of tools can be sure of the quality is to buy branded and advertised tools from reliable hardware merchants. A list of all tools (and radio products) that have satisfactorily withstood labora- tory tests can be obtained from the Popular Science Institute of Standards, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York, N. Y. Send for List of Approved Products

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ib- Sts ice ip- le. ur. dle for as in its he er he mn g- ad el es e- te p- POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Model R Receiver: Rauland-Lyric- © equipped. Price $90 (Eastof the Rocky Mountains) Beauty and Permanence Listeners Marvel— at the wealth of enjoyment awaiting but a touch of the fingers. Women Are Delighted— with the tasteful stateliness of the Model R cabinet, as much as with the neatness of its battery accommodations. Engineers Voice Approval— of the rigid spot-welded steel chassis, protecting from damage every part of a set that stands as a notable example of the completely manufactured rather than the merely assembled radio receiver. Service Men Commend— the thoroughness with which every part has been made proof against the interruption of its service, so far as human ingenuity can devise. Dealers Are Enthusiastic— over the excitement created everywhere by this unique receiver and the uniform satisfaction felt by its users. Buy ‘‘Solid Value” in Your Radio All that you want ina radio— natural tone, sharp selectivity, straight-line-frequency tun- ing (360°) unaffected by posi- The leading wholesaler of radio apparatus in your community tion of the fingers, extreme has probably been, for years, an ALL-AMERICAN Authorized a Distributor. ALL-AMERICAN Guaranteed Radio Products are being shown everywhere by responsible and reliable dealers. ALL-AMERICAN RADIO CORPORATION, E.N. Rauland, Pres., 4215 Belmont Ave., Chicago, U.S.A, Memaee ? OWNING AND OPERATING STATION WENR—266 METERS Pioneers in the Radio Industry © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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8 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% The Yale No more than the usual household tools are needed to install Yale products. Door Closer The popular Yale Door Closer, for in- stance, useful and convenient on many doors in every home, may be installed by simply driving a few screws. The Yale Door Closer is a door-closing power plant: perfect in action; made with the precision of a smooth-running engine; every part co-ordinated to the quiet closing of a door. As the door is opened the power of a highly tempered steel spring is stored up waiting for release. As the hand leaves the knob the spring unwinds, promptly starting the closing action, and at the right moment, controlled by a piston working within its cylinder against hydraulic pressure, the door gradually loses momentum and comes to a quiet stop as the latch-bolt clicks in the jamb. . This is the action of a Yale Door Closer. The handy man with tools will be delighted at Yale 44 the ease with which a Yale 44 Automatic may Automatic _ be attached to any entrance door. The Yale 44 Automatic combines the func- Deadlatch tions of the ordinary spring latch with the security of the deadlock. The beveled spring- latch snaps into the strike as the door is closed and the ingenious mechanism within the lock automatically throws the springlatch forward into the jamb plate almost double the usual distance and deadlocks it there. Full directions are packed with each lock. Yale Folks who like to see things kept in their proper places, and expect to find them there when they No. 840 want them, can make good use of one or more Yale Padlocks. Padlock There are many places about every home where Yale Padlocks should be used. The ease with which they may be put in service, their business-like appearance and the security which they afford, appeal to the man whe desires real lock protection. The Yale No. 840 is a particularly sturdy example—and there are other Yale Padlocks for every purse and purpose. Yale In every home there is always a special drawer or cabinet closet that should be kept “under lock No. §§$§1 and key.” A Yale Cabinet Lock No. 5551 will do the trick. Cabinet This handy Yale Lock enables the user of tools to Lock show his skill without the slightest difficulty and provide for himself a private drawer or closet easily, quickly—and secure against intrusion. The Yale & Towne Mfg. Co., Stamford, Conn., U.S. A. Canadian Branch at St. Catharines, Ont. YALE MARKED IS YALE MADE © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. Mar

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March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Two sides of life for “Oscar of the Waldorf”. Above: His workshop, near Poughkeepsie, N. Y., where he finds recreation and stimulation. Below: At his desk in the Waldorf Astoria Hotel INCE the early nineties, New York has known Oscar Tschirky, its most popu- lar hotel host. ‘Oscar of the Waldorf,” im- maculate, smiling, suave, is part and parcel of Fifth Avenue. Kings and potentates have dec- orated him. Financiers and statesmen call him their friend. Few men have been known to more of the world’s celebrities. But up in the Catskills they know another Oscar—an Oscar strange to the associates of “Oscar of the Waldorf.”’ There he is Oscar, ex- pert machinist; a master craftsman, proud of his tools and of his shop. Skilled with his hands, he repairs farm machinery, makes hinges and weather vanes, and has built for himself a complete automobile. For thirty years, Oscar has spent his odd moments in his machine shop. Sheltered from the cares of his workaday world, he has found recreation and stimulation. A good tool in his hands, he says, lulls his mind into tranquillity. Thousands of us lead such double lives be- hind the masks of our regular occupations. Maxfield Parrish, the painter, spends all of his spare time in his completely equipped ma- chine shop in New Hampshire. Josef Hofmann, the pianist, William Travers Jerome, the famous attorney, and Ferdinand, King of Rumania, also How Some Men Lead Double Lives find solace and inspiration in the rhythm of revolving machinery. Walter Prichard Eaton, the novelist, is proud of his carpentry, and Frank Hedley, head of New York’s subways, of his ability as a plumber. General Pershing is a good machin- ist, Henry L. Doherty, the oil magnate, an expert electrician, and Walter Damrosch, con- ductor of the New York Symphony Orchestra, paints furniture. And the list is long, for in good tools there is a fascination for most men. EEP on leading your double life. Honest craftsmanship offers most of us the change from routine our minds need. Folks who spend odd moments making useful things never have to kill time as do the worthless. And remember that it is the little known Oscar of the Cats- kills who provides the power that makes ‘‘Oscar of the Waldorf” famous.—S. N. B.

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10 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 192% Grebe \ *‘Colortone” The high-wave reception range of the Grebe dial (B)— from 550 down to 240 meters—equals the practical tuning range of the usual receiver. The low-wave range of the Grebe dial (A) provides additional recep- tion down to 150 meters. Grebe Binocular Coils Reg. U.S. Pat. Off. and Low-wave Extension Circuits It is written: “It is foolish to try to graft a bamboo shoot on a cherry tree.”’ The adding of Grebe developments to other receivers does not put Synchrophase quality into them. Only Grebe can do that. “Ae All Grebe apparatus is covered by patents granted and pending. tery The Synchrophase is also supplied with bat- base. Always Well in Advance HE Synchrophase, as usual, is fully-a year in advance of other receivers. This is due to those Grebe developments which have contributed so much to the improvement of radio reception. As past experience will show, these advances may be adopted, perhaps next year, on sets of other manufacturers. So, in buying a Synchrophase now, you are assured of a receiver well in advance of others, and a quality of reception which they will take some‘time in paualie; if ever. A demonstration by your dealer will convince you. A. H. Grebe & Co., Inc., 109 West 57th St., N.Y. Factory: Richmond Hill, N. Y. Western Branch: 443 So. San Pedro St., Los Angeles, Cal. This company owns and oper- ates stations WAHG and WBOQ; also low-wave re- broadcasting stations, mobile WGMU and marine WRMU. Be REB © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS . See page 6. 0 oe.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY SUMNER N. BLOSSOM, Editor March, 1926 L000 Cash Prizes Each Month Fohn and Mary Newlywed Return in A Fascinating Picture Contest ERE they are again—John and Mary Newlywed —this time in a fascinating new series of Picture Contests .. . Just the kind of contests that will entertain you and the members of your family during the long evenings... . Just the kind to repay you materially in substantial cash prizes... . Just the kind that will prove helpful to you in solving the everyday problems about the home... . Just the kind, too, that will pay you the largest re- wards in what cash cannot Mary. _ If, however, they chance to be strangers to you, it is sufficient to say that this young couple have just established themselves in a new home—a home that is not altogether new nor altogether old. Here they are confronted with many new problems that they meet in their own way, usually with more enthusiasm than skill. They make all sorts of mistakes and get into all sorts of difficulties, some of which you yourself have experienced. The new contest beginning this month is a sequel to the buy — the exercise of your mind to wider observation, keener perception, and great- er ingenuity. Beginning with this issue, PopULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY offers $1000 in cash prizes each month to the readers who prove themselves to be the most observant. Each month we are printing a pic- ture of John and Mary New- lywed busy at some odd job about the home. In each picture John or Mary, or both, are doing, or have done, one or more things in the wrong way. And in addition there are a number of mis- takes made by the artist in drawing the picture. The cash prizes — 63 in all — will be awarded to those readers this issue. One of These Prizes May Go to You NE thousand dollars in cash prizes will be awarded each month to the winners in a remark- able series of contests starting in There will be a complete contest each month in which the prizes will be distributed as follows: First Prize............. $ 500 Second Prize. . Third Prize.... 10 Prizes, $10 each..... 50 Prizes, $5 each...... Total Monthly Prizes .. $1000 one that recently ended in that it carries John and Mary on through their adventures in homemaking. While the best features of the former contest are being retained, new and unusual ones have been added. In the previous contest you were asked to point out only a single mistake made by John or Mary, and a single mistake made by the artist in drawing each picture. In the new contest there are 100 several mistakes in each pic- 50 ture, both John’s and Mary’s mistakes and the artist’s mis- takes. You are to see how many of these mistakes you can find, and tell us why they are wrong. Here’s the way to go about it: who can point out the largest number of mistakes, of any kind, in the picture, and who present their explanations of the errors in the clearest and most skilful manner. Each monthly contest is complete in itself and is open to everybody, everywhere. No expert knowledge is reyuired. You need only be alert and observant. If you were among the thousands of readers who entered our great $10,000 “‘What’s Wrong” Contest last summer, you will need no introduction to John and First turn this page and read the rules of the contest carefully. Then study the picture in this month’s $1000 contest. This you will find on the page opposite. Here you see John and Mary at work on their car. What things are they doing that they should not be doing, or what things are they doing in the wrong way? Now study each detail of the drawing carefully. Does every- thing look as it should look? What objects in the picture appear to have been drawn in the wrong way? 11

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12 How many mistakes can you find? Get out your pencil and paper. Jot down each mistake as you find it, explaining as briefly as possible why it is wrong. When you have listed all the mistakes you can find, copy the list neatly with typewriter or pen and ink, numbering your answers in order, and send it in to the Picture Contest Editor, Poputar ScrENcCE MonrtTaty, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York City. Remember to write on one side of the paper only, and to write your name and address plainly on each sheet of your contribution. If, when you have completed your list, you feel that you may have, over- looked some of the mistakes, you are at liberty to call on your friends or neighbors for assistance. If, too, after you have sent in your entry, you dis- cover additional mistakes in the pic- ture that you overlooked, youcan send in another and more complete entry. In fact, you can send in as many sepa- rate entries as you wish. Additions and corrections for entries already submitted will not be accepted. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ATCH FOR NAMES of the winners of $6000 in Grand Prizes in our great $10,000 “What's Wrong” Contest which was completed last fall. These awards will be announced in next month’s issue. Of course you ll want to know who has won the First Grand Prize of $2500; the Second Prize of $1000; the Third Prize of $500, and the other 305 prizes. The complete list of Grand Prize awards will be published in our April issue, on the news-stands March 10. pon cenvcamaeng All entries in this month’s contest must be mailed or delivered to the Picture Contest Editor not later than March 30. This should give you am- pie time to study the picture and fill out your list of mistakes. March, 1926 You'll find this new competition not only fascinating and entertaining as a pastime, but exceedingly helpful. In the previous ‘“What’s Wrong” , Contest, hundreds of readers wrote to us telling how their study of the problems of John and Mary helped them to solve their own problems about the home. “This contest has proved a veri- table ‘Thousand and One Nights’ En- tertainment,’”’ wrote one young cou- ple; “‘and in the end it has left us both wiser and with a fuller knowledge of what to do and how to do it in our home and surroundings. Many of the solutions were found in the pages of PoPULAR SCIENCE Montuty; others, through the knowledge that comes only with experience. All in all, we can truly say we have en- joyed to the utmost this beneficial schooling in the care and manage- ment of an institution we all should cherish—the home.”’ Hundreds of other readers have told us that the ‘What’s Wrong’’ pic- tures proved helpful in stimulating 1 Each month, beginning in this issue, and until further notice, Poputar Science Monty will print a picture of John and Mary Newlywed doing some simple job about the home. Each picture will show John or Mary, or both, doing one or more things in the wrong way and, in addition, there will be a number of deliberate mistakes by the artist in drawing the picture. You are to tell us what things are being done wrong and what things are drawn The Rules of the Contest—Read Them Carefully 4 Answers to each picture must be e mailed or delivered to the offices of Poputar ScreENcE MontTHLy not later than the thirtieth of the month following the date of publication of the magazine in which the picture appears. Thus, to insure consideration in this month’s contest, answers to the pic- ture in this month’ issue, published February 10, must be mailed or de- changes or corrections will be allowed in any entry after submission, but any contestant may submit as many sep- arate entries as he desires. All entries should be addressed to ¢ the Picture Contest Editor, Popu- LAR SCIENCE MOonTHLy, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York City. Name and address of the entrant must be written plainly on each page of the entry. Entries with insuffi- cient postage will not be wrong in each picture, and why they are wrong. PoPULAR SCIENCE e MonTHLYy will award $1000 each month in 63 cash prizes for the best answers giving the greatest number of mistakes in the picture. These cash prizes will be distributed as follows: Maret Prize.........+ $500 Second Prize........ 100 Third Prize......... 50 Next 10 Prizes, $10 oo Se eee Next50Prizes,$5each 250 Total Cash Prizes each month...... . $1000 inc Another Contest Next Month HE second $1000 Picture Contest of this emarkable series will appear in next month’s issue. Watch for it. Other similar contests will appear in succeeding issues of PopULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. Each will be a complete contest in itself. Thus, if you should fail to win one of the cash prizes one month, you always will have as good a chance as any one to win a prize the next month. accepted. The publishers cannot be responsible for delay, loss, or non-delivery of entries. No contribution entered in this contest will be acknowledged and none will be returned. No letters of inquiry regarding points covered in the rules can be answered. You pay nothing. Just * prove your knowledge and observation. _You need not buy Poputar SciENCE MonTHu ty to compete. You can borrow a copy from a friend or you can examine one at any office of PopuLar ScrencE MOontTHiy or at Prizes will be award- e ed to those persons who point out the largest number of actual mistakes found in the picture and who present their explana- tions of the errors in the clearest and most skilful manner. Actual mistakes shall be construed in all cases to mean mistakes appearing in the picture about which there can be no question in the opinion of the judges. In case of ties, the full amount of the prize will be given to each tying contestant. livered not later than March 30. No entry bearing a postmarked date later than the closing date for entry will be considered. 5 Answers may be submitted on any ¢ kind of paper, but they must be typewritten or written in ink, and on one side of the paper only. Each error must be listed separately and numbered. No public libraries free of charge. Each contest is open to everybody, except employees of PopuLAR SCIENCE MonTHLy and the Popular Science Institute of Standards and their fam- ilies. 8 Officials of the Popular Science ¢ Institute of Standards will act as judges and their decisions will be final. Acceptance of these rules is an implied condition of each entry.

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March, 1926 How Many Mistak POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 13 es Can You Find in This Picture! IN THIS picture John and Mary Newlywed are seen in the garage at work on their car. They are doing, or have done, one or more things in the wrong way; and in addition the artist has made a number of How many mistakes can you find? mistakes in drawing the picture. theirminds. In exactly the same way this new contest will help you train your mind to make a record of the things you see. It will make you more wide awake and more observant. To compete successfully, you do not need to bea handy man nor do you need any special artistic ability. The errors in the picture are of a kind that almost anyone should be able to discover after a little study. And temember, you can always ask your friends for help if you feel you need it. You'll find it as fascinating as a game. Perhaps you will be able to find in the picture mistakes which even the artist was not aware of when he drew it. In your enthusiasm, how- ever, don’t try to manufacture mis- takes out of things that are obviously correct. You must suggest the cor- rection for every flaw that you find. The officials of the Popular Science Institute of Standards will be the judges in this month’s contest and in each succeeding contest. Poputar Science Monrtuty will pay $1000 in cash prizes to contestants who point out the largest number of mistakes and present their explana- tions of the errors in the clearest and most skilful manner. The game is fascinating and the prizes worth going after. Read the rules on. page 12 Their decisions in all cases will be final. In case a number of contest- ants submit the same number of mis- takes, the selection of the winners will be based on clearness and skill in presentation. In case of ties, a duplicate award will be given to each tying contestant. Are you ready to go? In the hunt for mistakes there’s a lot of real fun in store for you, and, if you look sharp, a fine chance to win big re- wards.

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14 America’s First Scientist A Mysterious Genius Labored in Mexico Long before Christ, Says Noted Explorer areca g acne 36.5 er S CALENDARS | This ancient Mayan calendar, now deciphered, reveals a system of measuring time more accurate than any other the world has known ORE than 2,500 years ago, there lived on the American continent a great scientist, a genius who made startling discoveries and formulated important principles in mathematics and astronomy that antedated by centuries the first attempts of the fathers of our modern science to peer beyond the veil that shrouded them from knowledge of their world. No one knows the name of this wonder- ful ancient savant. It may remain forever a mystery. His fame, though, is made everlasting by his amazing work, the purport and importance of which were discovered recently by Dr. Herbert J. Spinden, distinguished archaeologist of Harvard University. Dr. Spinden, by deciphering the in- scriptions on the ruined temples and crumbling stone houses found in Guate- mala and Honduras, has proved definitely that the Mayas who built them were a highly cultured, civilized people. That these people inhabited the west- ern hemisphere centuries before Chris- topher Columbus’ time has been known, of course, but it remained for Dr. Spinden to fix definitely the time at which these early Americans reached their highest state of culture, which was in the seventh century after Christ. And now he has finally succeeded in checking up the Venus calendar of the ancient Mayas with the true astronomical positions of the planet Venus in the sixth century before the Christian era! These latest investigations prove beyond doubt that the mysterious unknown scientist developed, by abstruse mathematical calculations, and observation of astronomical phe- 5 A Timepiece in Stone POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 1926 Dated: 523 A.D. Interpreted at last, the inscription on this richly carved stela at Cot- pan, Honduras, marks Mayan cul- ture at the height of its expression Spinden calls “a figure grand and mysterious as Zoroaster or Bud- Solved Mayan Calendar Dr. Herbert J. Spinden of Har- vard, who recently revealed the existence of a, master scientist on the American continent in 613 B.C., is shown above. Dr. Spinden is now on his fifteenth expedition to Yucatan, where nomena, a system for measuring the passage of time that is more accu- ate than any other method. In fact, this amazing man was the constructor of a machine for timekeeping that worked without error for almost 2,000 years! This marvelous machine was destroyed by fanatical priests during the terrible Spanish Inquisi- tion. This act of insensate vandalism was directed by Bishop Landa, who was also responsible for the burning of all the native records of the Mayas. Afterward, he was recalled to Spain and placed on trial for his cruelties. Dr. Spinden’s re- cent discovery makes it possible to trans- late the dates on the ancient inscriptions into the Gregorian calendar we use to- day. All of these records show vaguely yet unmistakably the influence of the great man whom Dr. he is deciphering more strange monuments left long-vanished race of dha at the beginning of history in Persia and India.” The Mayas at this time lived on plains where a six-month period of rain every year gave great fer- tility to the soil, permitting the people to raise two crops a year if their planting and reaping were properly timed. The necessity for of th . . . . “in the accurate timing in planting the Mayas crops was the incentive which resulted in the marvelously pre- cise timekeeping system. “Hundreds: of native dates found on Mayan monuments and temple walls have been translated into our calendar,” says -Dr. Spinden, “and evidence of their highly scientific methods and the ex- tremely accurate results which they ob- tained in their calculations increases with further research. The Mayas reached practically the same figure for the true length of the year that we have today. They made calculations over vast stretches of time. Their calendar was more accurate than our own, which has an error of one day in 3,300 years.” How this great nation fell from the heights of grandeur, archaeologists do not know. Its passing is one of the tragedies of history, for while some 14,000,000 cultured people inhabited Yucatan and Central America in the days of the mysterious great scientist, less than 4,000 ignorant, impoverished Indians now are all that remain of the Mayas. Par Rg a a marae Sighting the sun_from one of these markers to another, told the Mayans the time of year a a a a ae ae a ee ee ee ee) ee oo)

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March, 1926 ow Lest Tubes Solve The Story of a Remarkable Police Laboratory Where the Thinnest Thread Gives a Clue By G. B. Srysoip Tis MEN, good friends for years, had quarreled. One night one of them, stepping out of his home, saw a man rise from a stooping position near the front porch and disappear around the corner. Under the porch he found a bundle of oil-soaked rags. Inside it was a ‘chunk of sulphur. A piece of oil-soaked string, with one end around the bundle, had been lighted, evidently to act as a slow fuse. The former friend was suspected, but he offered a good alibi, and the case seemed balked Twenty years ago it might have been. The oil-soaked string was taken to a chemist at Police Headquarters in New York City, where recently has been in- stalled one of the strangest laboratories in the world, a bureau: of criminal science, devoted entirely to solving crimes. High-powered microscopes, X- ray apparatus, ultraviolet light machines, remarkable photographic equipment and delicate instruments to weigh, measure, and identify mere specks, are the most dangerous foes a criminal ever met. They do not lie; their evidence cannot be disputed. Now, two bits of string that may ap- pear alike to the human eye, are as dif- ferent, under a powerful microscope, as black is from white. Jute, hemp, and cot- ton are all used in string and each has individual characteristics. HE police experts showed conclu- sively that the fiber in the oil-soaked string was identical with that in string used in the factory where the former friend was employed. Confronted with this amazing evidence, the man confessed. At the head of the laboratory is a captain of police and on his staff is Edward J. Kelley, an expert chemist, who for twelve years has tested the material “exhibits” in criminal cases. A number of assistant chemists and patrol- men, all trained in some special branch of this work, spend their full time at the bureau. With it is connected the laboratory of Charles E. Waite, described in the January issue of PopuLar Science Montuty. There bul- lets and the barrels of guns are examined to identify the pistol from which a bullet has been fired. Lieutenants all over New York City send material from the scenes of crimes to the bureau, where it is examined and later used as evidence in court. About three years ago, in an old house on Washington Square in New York City, a robbery POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY The Latest in Finger Prints Identification of a criminal is made more cer- tain by this new method of taking finger prints by which an X-Ray of the finger bones and joints is made on the same plate with the skin whorls. Thus a double record is made took place that startled the whole coun- try on account of the daring and cruelty of the thieves. Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Shattuck were locked in a wine closet in Clues in Tiny Bits of Thread and Wood Left: A single minute strand of cotton fiber (highly magnified) from the coat of a man, which proved he had taken part in a mill riot. Right: Magnified bits of sawdust and wood fiber which established the identity of a murderer, after other clues had failed A Wonderful New Microscope Edward J. Kelley, head chemist of the new laboratory of criminal science, using the dactyloscope, a new microscope of tremendous power, which magnifies fger prints to such proportions that even the shape of the sweat pores can be studied. When a mirror is fitted above the eyepiece, the magnification can be reflected to a screen where it can be studied the cellar and left to suffocate, while the robbers escaped with jewels. With the aid of the police, the Shat- tucks hunted down the ring of criminals, tracking them to Europe, and eventually the entire gang was sent to prison. N one of the European crime labora- tories, Mr. Shattuck discovered an instrument called a dactyloscope, a microscope of tremendous power, espe- cially designed for examination of crim- inal evidence. It magnifies finger prints so powerfully that even the shape of the sweat pores can be examined. The Shat- tucks presented a dactyloscope to the newly established crime laboratory in New York in appreciation of the work done by the police. Finger prints are the most incriminat- ing evidence in existence. A single print may furnish a sufficient clue. Late one night last spring a speeding automobile in an out- lying district of New York City ran into a police sergeant and killed him. His body was car- ried two and a half blocks on the front fender, before it drop- ped to the pavement. The car was found abandoned a few blocks from the crime. The owner admitted that it belonged to him, but declared that it had been stolen from in front of his home. Apparently there was nothing to connect him with the dastardly deed. In the impact with the police- man, however, the windshield had been smashed, and bits

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16 of glass scattered about. On one of these a single finger print was found. Under the dactyloscope, this finger print was found to be that of the owner of the car. Undaunted, the owner exclaimed: “What's that? A man gets his finger print on the windshield of his own automobile! Of course it’s my print.” NCONVINCED by the man’s poise, a de- tective fitted the broken glass into the frame of the windshield. The finger print was seen to extend beyond the bevel of the glass, to the edge covered by the frame. The print could only have been left there after the broken glass had been pulled out of the frame. This was such con- clusive evidence that the owner had been with the car after the accident, that the man dropped his bluff and pleaded guilty. With nothing but a single thread to guide him, an expert detective has been known to point to the guilty man. Some time ago a strike was in progress at a garment factory. On several successive nights some one succeeded in getting into the building and caused great damage by throwing acid on bolts of silk. Eventually the police caught a former workman in the factory, but released him when he gave a satisfactory reason for his presence. An observant officer, however, had noticed a small hole in one of the work- man’s trouser legs. He made a careful survey where the destroyed silk had been piled. On a nail he found three tiny wool fibers. A laboratory examination showed they were identical with the material in the workman’s trousers. Thus _ three A Telltale Finger Print This finger print, on a piece of broken windshield, brought confession from a man whose car ran over and killed a police sergeant. In the impact, the glass had been smashed. The guilty man protested there was nothing significant in his own finger print on his own car. Then a detective fitted the piece of glass into the windshield frame. The print was seen to extend to an edge of the glass wholly covered by the frame before the glass was broken POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Analyzing Poison in a Murder Mystery A view in the chemical laboratory of the new criminal science laboratory in New York City. At the left in the pictureis Edward J. Kelley, head chem- ist; and at the right, Captain John A. Golden, first chief of the bureau threads helped send that workman for a long visit to the penitentiary. UST too fine to be observed with the human eye can provide a solution for crime. In one instance the coat of a murder suspect was beaten in a dust- proof bag and cleaned with a vacuum cleaner. Examination of the powdery dust showed that it had come from the floor of the factory where the victim was killed. Detective methods of yesterday are obsolete today. Poking about, fingering this and that, detectives frequently ruined important evidence. Today a group of detectives goes out on every murder case. Before anything is disturbed, a photographer, using a camera with a special lens that takes in every detail of the room, photographs the scene of the crime. Thus at any time afterward the exact details of the scene can be studied for clues. In addition to the photographs, the detectives plan to have sketches made. These will be drawn with a number of angular measurements, using a scale based on the metric system. They will record the posi- tion of the body and its relation to other objects in the room. A photo-micrographic camera photographing the infinitesimal, is used to identify internal structure, such as crystals in drugs. For things so small that waves of ordinary When Teeth Left Their Marks From a half eaten cake abandoned by a gangster who had broken into a baker’s shop, detectives made the cast shown be- low, which revealed the peculiar markings of the culprit’s teeth. Within 48 hours he was arrested and his conviction followed March, 1926 light are too long to record them on a_ photographic plate, a camera using ultra- violet light will be used. Plaster casts and wax im- pressions are taken of foot prints and automobile tracks, so that these may be kept as permanent records. MONG the many in- struments used by the chemists of the bureau is a Duboseq colorimeter, em- ployed for examining blood. This instrument not only shows whether there is any blood in a stain, but also the exact quantity, without in- juring the article examined, A speck of blood is suffi- cient for examination in the colorimeter. Even minute specks of blood hardened under a fingernail may be enough to accuse a man of murder. Chemical examination is playing an increasingly important part in modern methods of detection. A thief who not long ago terrified residents in a suburban section of New York worked on a system. He would rob a row of houses in one block one night, go off to another section the next night, and on the third return to work in the first district where he had left off. Every- where he went he dropped old-fashioned sulphur matches which strike noiselessly. A close watch was put on the neighbor- hood where he was next scheduled to appear. A suspect was seized and ques- tioned. Although he protested his in- nocence, in his pockets were found sul- phur matches which analysis showed were of the same kind left in the trail of the robberies. A bunch of pawn tickets confirmed the evidence that brought conviction. Hundreds of suspected poisons are ex- amined in the laboratory. Mr. Kelley, chief chemist, tells this story: “Some years ago a Brooklyn fruit dealer (Continued on page 147) Proof of a ‘‘Raised’’ Check This greatly enlarged photograph revealed clearly how the figure 7 had been converted into a 9 on a bank check. You can see the joints where an additional line was added in order to enhance the value of the original figure Rig! exp! dica Thi feet 000 Bel sur sper at t Raj hist bee: = wo da we

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March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Spectre Chasm Dam Right: Daring government explorers surveying site of Spectre Chasm Dam, in- dicated by dotted lines. This dam would be 223 feet high, developing 235,- 000 continuous horsepower The Surveyors Below: U. S. Geological Survey men repairing their specially constructed boat, at the foot of Badger Creek Rapids. Only three times in history has the giant gorge been navigated successfully aging a Fierce Canyon Stream FTER 20 years of hazardous explo- ration and map making, govern- ment engineers recently announced details for the huge government project to tame the seething Colorado River and transform the Grand Canyon of Arizona into a scenic storage basin for power and irrigation. The plan calls for a series of 13 dams that will enable the region to take more than 5,000,000 electric horsepower from the river, and at the same time use the waters for irrigating 6,000,000 acres of desert land. The 13 dams would create 2000 square miles of lakes, accessible to tourists. ‘The scenic wonders of the Grand Canyon would be left unharmed. ope | The Proposed Havasu Dam Site The site of Havasu Dam, showing how a 209-foot wall would be thrown across the majestic limestone chasm. This dam, when completed, will develop 320,000 continuous horsepower. The location of the power-house site is indicated at right foreground SERED gS POWER HOUSE ee Government explorers surveying a side canyon of Grand Canyon during their recent perilous This picture gives you a good view of the Colorado River below the site of the Glen Canyon trip in which they selected dam and power sites Dam. Observe the clearly indicated location of a proposed spillway and powerhouse site to supply the West with more horsepower Spates

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An Item of Merchandise The airplane has advanced so far into the practical utility class that a New York depart- ment store now displays this all-metal mono- plane as one item in its regular stock. A sales- man of the store is seen in the picture above showing the machine to prospective customers By Epcar C. WHEELER ROM Germany recently came word of a spectacular and amazing devel- opment in the field of aeronautics— a flivver plane that is at the same time an automobile; a machine only 18 feet long and less than six feet wide when the wings are folded back, small enough to be housed in the ordinary one-car garage! This unusual automobile-airplane, the invention of J. H. Maykemper, a civil engineer of Frankfurt, Germany, is pic- tured in accompanying illustrations and on the cover of this issue. Throwing one lever on this machine transfers the power from the road wheels to the air propeller so that if you were traveling by road and you desired to take to the air, the wings could be snapped out into place and a short run of 100 yards or so would see you scooting skyward. Although the engine is only 20 horsepower, the inventor claims that it will carry a pilot, a passenger, and enough gasoline for a five-hour flight. Another promising air flivver was re- cently designed by A. K. Peterson, pilot and chief photographer at the Naval Air Station, Anacostia, D. C., who declares his 40 horsepower machine will hop off from any back yard 100 feet long, fly 100 miles an hour, and travel nearly 25 miles on a gallon of gas. UT who would buy such airplanes today? What are they being used for? Do these and similar developments mean that the flying machine, after 22 years of experiment, is coming into its own at last, to take its place beside the automobile as a commonplace conveyance which any man of ordinary circumstances can own and operate? Such queries as these have come in increasing numbers of late from readers of PopuLar Science Montuty. And be- POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

March, 1926 Folks Who Fly Doctors, Salesmen, Sportsmen Now Travel the Sky Roads—A Remarkable New Flying Auto

The Doctor’s Car Dr. Herman J. Neubauer of Hink- ley, Ill. (left), standing with his pilot at the propeller of his two- seater biplane, which gaves him precious time in making rural calls cause they are questions which concern all of us, the editor asked me to see if I could find the answers for the aforesaid queries. Airplanes are being sold for personal use. Aside from those sportsmen who follow the game for the thrill of it, others are taking it up be- cause the airplane is a won- derful time-saver. One hun- dred miles can be covered

in an airplane in less than an hour. On good roads it would take about four hours to cover the same distance by auto, and even a rail- road express train would, without doubt, use up two- and-one-half hours for the same trip. In fact, the airplane has advanced so far into the practical utility class that at least one New York City department store now carries an all-metal monoplane as one item in its regular stock. By an odd coincidence, it was on the anniversary day of the Wright brothers’ first successful flight that I was in the office of Richard F. Hoyt, a leading Wall street broker, and heard him talk- ing over the telephone. His side of the

Courtesy ** Aviation” Enter—the Flying Salesman In the Oklahoma oil regions, where distances are great and train service poor, W. C. Brown, a district sales manager at Tulsa, follows the sky road when he calls on his “ prospects.” His biplane saves him many hours and is good advertising conversation ran something like this: “Hello, George . Hear you're go- ing to Palm Beach this week . Say, when you stop in Jacksonville, would you mind looking around to see if you can find me a good flying boat . . . Yes, a good one; no junk . . . I want to fly it down to Miami You see, I’m planning @ trip to Birmingham in a couple of weeks to look over some property . . . Thought I'd run over to Jacksonville and fly down the coast . Trains from Jacksonville

Mar< At view new plan with Ma} furt ture as a pell unf shot fold is ui! ee

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March, 1926 Their Own Airplanes POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Auto and Plane Combined At the right are two views of the remarkable new combination flivver plane and automobile, with its inventor, J. H. Maykemper, of Frank- furt, Germany. One pic- ture shows the machine as an airplane, with pro- peller in place and wings unfolded. The other shows how the wings are folded when the machine is used as an automobile Hunts Big Game by Airplane Mrs. Madge Jauregui, famous woman hunter, of Tampico, Mexico, whose flying machine car- ries her into the remotest as well as most inac- cessible mountain regions in search of big game down are all tied up, I hear; some 10 hours late Figure I can save at least a day by air if I can get hold of a good boat . Remember, though, I can’t use any junk . . . Thanks, old man 4 To many of us, even after 22 years of flying, the airplane still remains a thing more or less mysterious, a machine to be handled only by daring bird-men. But to this rather young, athletic-looking New York business man a swift journey by air apparently was an old story, almost as commonplace as a motor trip. “You mean to fly that plane yourself?” I asked him. . “Why, of course,” he replied, “I An Aerial Sportsman James Otis, wealthy importer and sportsman of San Francisco, start- ing on a hunting trip into northern California in one of his planes. He is seated behind his pilot and mechanic always do. For traveling in com- fort and saving time on a pleasure trip, give me my airplane every time. I am a thorough believer in the airplane. It beats a train, a motor car, a motor boat, or any other means of travel you can think of.” Well, here was one answer—an enthusiastic one—to the question of who buys private airplanes, and why. Like Vincent Astor, Harold Vanderbilt, and other young men of considerable means, Mr. Hoyt has found it convenient—and a lot of fun—to commute in a flying boat from his office to his home in the country. Every summer for four years he has made week-end trips in the air to his home in Marion, Mass., on- Buzzards Bay, or to Cape Cod. “But isn’t it a bit hazardous?” I sug- gested. “Don’t you believe it,” he shot back. “There’s altogether too much said about accidents and crashes. It’s no trick to drive a plane. The way they’re building machines now, flying is no harder than driving a car; about the only difference is that you drive in three dimensions instead of two. ““@\F COURSE, I have had minor troubles, just as you would have with your car. Two or three times I’ve been forced down. Once my propeller burst; another time there was a leak in the gas tank. But it really wasn’t very much trouble. All I had to do was to glide down to the water and sit there and wait until 19 a boat came along to tow me to shore. As for expense, the cost of running a good air- plane nowadays is only a trifle more than that of running a good automobile. * AND this year,”’ Hoyt told me, in the casual way that he might have dis- cussed the purchase of a new coupé or sedan, “I am planning to buy one of the new Wright Bellanca biplanes—a 200 horsepower machine that carries six pas- sengers in an all-inclosed cabin. It will fly 130 miles an hour and eight miles to the gallon of gas. I intend to attach pon- toons and make a flying boat out of it.” Numbers of other men and women today are buying aerial motor cars and flying them for business or for pleasure. There is the salesman who swoops down from the sky to call on a prospective cus- tomer; the doctor who rushes through the air to a stricken patient; the business executive who travels as the crow flies from office to factory or from the city to his home in the country; the sportsman who takes to wings for his fishing and hunting trips. N THE Oklahoma oil region, for exam- ple, there is W. C. Brown, the Tulsa district sales manager for a Massachu- setts manufacturer of recording instru- ments. Almost any day he may be seen in his plane dodging oil derricks, or scoot- ing down between rows of tanks at a refinery. Trips which once required two days or more on the road now are reduced to short hops of a few hours. Even if a prospect is some 300 miles from Tulsa, this former Air Service pilot can climb into his biplane in the morning and hop off with the assurance that he will be back home again before evening. Never has he had a serious mishap. He buys his air- planes as other men would buy automo- biles. When one machine wears out, he buys a new one. Thus far he has used four planes in his business. Or there is Milton P. Miller, known as “The Flying Peddler,” who sells toy air- planes and travels by air through the states of Illinois and Ohio. There are indications, too, that large business houses are preparing to put salesmen and representatives into the air. (Continued on page 141)

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20 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 192% Marvels of the Electric Home How New Inventions Utilize _Electric Light, Heat, and > Power in kvery Room of the House

ene eS is changing our homes so swiftly and yet so smoothly that the younger generation today can scarcely con- ceive of homes as they were thirty years ago. One marvelous device after another has been imagined, invented and perfected. One irksome household task after another has been lightened or eliminated. The electric washer and ironer are producing a new race of laun- dry-girls—young, trim, girls who ‘‘wash by machine only.”” The vacuum cleaner has brought order out of the annual chaos of spring housecleaning. The electric refrigera- tor promises to make the iceman a pictur- esque memory. Electricity cools us, warms us, and cooks our food. Every nation has its ideal home. In the electrical home, it seems, America has found its own ideal. Partly responsible for this is our lack of groove-bound traditions; partly, the activity of our scientists, electrical men eT ae and inventors. At least the ideal we are offer- \ a ati ts b ar eee ing the world is something entirely new—that H W HAIR : i < fe A HEATER of a home beautiful and comfortable, but, js DRYER SS [TFAN Ke x PAY

ry above all, easy to run. j 7 =. ‘ ‘ ‘ CURLING . + ad It is not often given to inventors and TRON ora scientists to see the direct fruits of their aV labors so strikingly benefiting their own gen- __¥ Sy: G

eration. Even more inspiring is the thought that there are countless electrical inventions yet to be made

_ SEWING \MAC INE

| || REFRIGERATOR y= $ S |

BEE} NAN a pf TOASTER Pall \percoraTor | :

BLOWER for OIL-BURNING | FURNACE )

In the picture, our artist has suggested a few of the ways that electrical invention is changing traditional methods of doing household tasks. Even the children play with electric toys, while the housewife vacuum-cleans to radio music. Every room has benefited by electricity’s service of light, heat and power Marc!

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. ¢ _ Imay be observed under twenty- March, 1926 Don’t Believe Everything the Barber Tells Y ou— New Theortes about Thin Locks is held reserved for the scientist who will show us how to grow hair'‘on a bald man’s head. It will prob- ably have to be held in reserve for a great many years to come. Medical men are apt to become pretty cocky when they contemplate the un- questioned triumphs of their science. Such successful forms of treatment as the administration of quinine in malaria, of iodine in goiter, and of insulin in diabetes, are achievements of which.they may well be proud. But it is a source of great mortification to physicians that, while they can often bring a failing heart up to par or deftly pluck a pus-filled appendix out of the abdomen, they are flatly help- less in the presence of the shiny hairless dome. The bald head is the medical battle-field on which the doctor must inevitably meet his Waterloo. The medical man does not know a great deal about baldness, it is true; but he knows a great deal more than the public. What the average person knows about baldness and its causes and proper treat- ment, if any, would make a compre- hensive encyclopedia of misinformation; hence the present article. In medical parlance, baldness is known as alopecia; but whether the condition is called by its Greek or English name, the hair falls out just the same. Various types have been described and given formidable names by skin specialists. The hair loss may occur in patches; it may be the temporary result of some systemic disease which lowers the general vitality, such as typhoid fever or tuber- culosis; or, in rare cases, it may be pres- ent at birth. As teil niche in the Hall of Fame HE usual form of baldness, and the one in which we are chiefly interested, goes under the high- POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ei A ——— y, pea Hope Springs Eternal **When hair is promised to a bald man, he buys first and thinks last, if ever. The stork supplies a new bald-headed sucker every five minutes.”’ that the baldness of the father is visited upon the children for generations to come. A good way to prevent baldness is to se- lect a father with a strong crop of hair. When baldness comes on in later years of life, the condition is accepted philo- sophically as one of the normal attributes of age; but when a young or a middle- aged man sees his hair-line receding, he grimly prepares to fight the loss of his hair to the last ounce of hair restorer. The first bald spot picks its location with the accuracy of a sharpshooter. It makes its debut just back of the top of the head; in the exact terms of a mariner, we might say at 60° north latitude and right through the prime meridian of longitude. Soon afterward, the hair-line 21 Can a Bald Man Grow Hair? By Freperic Damrau, MD. on the forehead begins to recede. These two initial bald areas gradually extend until, in extreme cases, nothing is left but a narrow fringe of hair at the sides and back of the scalp. Baldness does not ordinarily result from the sudden falling out of a large quantity of normal-sized hairs. The process is more gradual. As fast as the hair falls out it grows in again; but each successive crop of hair is of finer texture, until finally the hair ceases to grow altogether. “Going, going, gone,” does not express the true state of affairs. To be strictly accurate, the password for admission to the Alopecia Club should be, ““Going and coming, going faster and coming slower, going but not coming, gone.” ACH individual hair arises from a narrow pit in the scalp known as a hair follicle. The follicle nourishes the hair; from it the hair grows in length by a gradual multiplication of the cells at the base of the pit. As every flapper who has her eyebrows tweezed knows, the hair will grow in again so long as the follicle remains intact. If the hair follicle is destroyed, as is done for the permanent removal of superfluous hair, the hair will not grow in again. Sometimes, during severe illnesses, there is a wholesale shedding of the hair. This type of alopecia seldom gives rise to permanent baldness, for the hair follicles are not destroyed and an early growth of new hair may be expected. But once the hair follicles have really wasted away, as occurs in the common type of baldness in men, the prospect of growing hair again is about as hopeful as that of growing grass on a glass-topped desk. The medical grab-bag is full of dis- carded theories about the cause of baldness. Any writer who sounding designation of idio- pathic premature alopecia. The word “idiopathic” has quite a dignified definition in the medical dictionary, but the truth of the matter is that it means nothing more than “cause unknown.” Some degree of baldness is by no means uncommon be- fore the age of thirty, and it five, Two brothers who once lived around the corner from me were as bald as the pro- verbial billiard ball before they were nineteen. There is no question that bald heads, just like brown eyes, red hair, and many other tendencies, are prone to run Exploded Theories of Baldness = HE medical grab-bag is full of discarded theories about the cause of baldness,” says Doctor Damrau. Some of the most com- mon of the exploded theories he lists as follows: That the derby hat presses on the arteries that nourish the scalp, cutting off circulation. That lack of air circulation under the hat plays some mysterious part in undermining the nutrition of the scalp. That much brainwork pushes the hair out. That dandruff makes the hair fall out by attacking and destroying the base by which the hair is nourished. That ultraviolet light from the sun will cure baldness. is satisfied with quoting an “eminent authority” as suffi- cient reason to sponsor any theory in particular can put his hand in the bag and draw outa perfectly plausible theory. HE “derby hat theory” of baldness had consider- able vogue for many years. The conception was that the hat presses upon the arteries that nourish the scalp and thus gives rise to an undernourished state of the hair follicles; furthermore, the lack of free circulation of air under.the hat was supposed to play some mysterious part in undermin- ing the nutrition of the scalp. The answer to this explanation in families. One might say is that, long before the derby

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22 hat swam into our ken, the smooth, shiny dome was still quite the thing. Another theory, which was _ possibly fostered by the egotism of some bald- headed men, held that alopecia is an affliction of the intellectual classes and that it results from excessive brainwork. This view is exceedingly grateful and con- soling. The only trouble is that it has no basis in fact. Dr. William Allen Pusey of Chicago, an American skin specialist of high repute, and a former president of the American Medical Association, holds that the fashion of going without hats, especially during the summer months, may be an exciting factor in causing baldness. He believes that the ultraviolet rays of the sun may, to some extent, unfavorably influence the nutrition of the hair follicles. HAVE a friend who, having been in- formed that ultraviolet light will cure baldness, reasoned that the summer sun is rich in these particular rays and should therefore check the loss of his hair. So he hired a bathhouse at the seashore for the summer and left all his straw hats home. But the only success he had was to get rid of what little hair remained. Misanthropes say that only one person in ten has brains under his hat; the other nine have dandruff. In view of the fact that dandruff is so very common, it was inevitable that it should acquire the blame for baldness. Even in the latest textbooks on diseases of the skin, dan- druff is still given as the most important cause of alopecia. Yet there are certain POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

Some Commonly Accepted Styles “The first bald spot picks its location with the accuracy of a sharpshooter. It makes its debut just back of the top of the head. Soon afterward the hair line on the forehead begins to recede until, in extreme cases, nothing is left but a fringe of hair at the sides and back of the scalp” undeniable facts, as will be shown pres- ently, that greatly weaken the case against dandruff. Some explanation as to the nature of dandruff is required. All dandruff is not alike. The fine white branny flakes simply represent skin scurf; they come from the outer horny layers of the skin, being composed essentially of horny cells March, 19% that have dried and separated from the parent substance. Another type of dandruff consists of rather large greasy scales, which, when closely examined will be seen to have little holes for the passage of the hairs. This kind of dap. druff is really dried skin oil (sebum) and is associated with an over-secretion of this substance. The dandruff theory is that the disturb. ance responsible for the formation of dandruff gradually extends into the depth of the hair follicle, finally destroying the base by which the hair is nourished and from which it grows. Now it may be true that excessive dandruff plays some part in hastening the ravages of baldness, once the condition has begun. There is no question but the correct treatment of the scalp directed toward the disturbance which causes the dandruff will retard the encroaching spread of the bald spot; but it cannot prevent the ultimate outcome, ANDRUFF has been so vehemently denounced by eminent authorities as the cause of baldness that it is about time that a few words be said in its de- fense. In the first place, dandruff is equally common among men and women, but baldness is very common among men and very uncommon among women, It has been urged that the reason for this disparity is to be found in the much greater care with which women attend to their scalp and hair. But any social worker can tell you that baldness is just as rare among certain classes of female immigrants who — (Continued on page 144)

New Penmanship Makes Your Writing Readable

hand good is | your hand- writing? Do you have a system all your own with flourishes, crooks and dashes that give your friends and business asso- ciates brain fever when they try to decipher what you pen? Perhaps a typewriter has come to your rescue. For some time, teachers, business executives, and, in fact, almost every- one have realized that the number of really good writ- ers has become exceedingly small. Among those who have suspected that the style of writing has some- thing to do with it is Miss Frances M. Moore, a teacher in New York City with many years’ experience as an instructor in penmanship. Not long ago she began introducing a new system imported from England called “broad-edge pen writing.” In appearance, this new penmanship looks like printing—each letter is made distinct and separate from every other.

pen. advantage of the new-old handwriting 4 15 the ease with which it may be learned. @ — Besides the remarkable results which have SP, been achieved in children’s work, there is <4 further very interesting widence of this in the large number of worked out fer themselves a wri Easier than Script Miss Frances M. Moore, York school-teacher, and a sample of her ingenious new method of handwriting by which the letters are printed with a broad-pointed It can be written rapidly and is easier than script, she says ny Perhaps the greatest people who have F vg of | New In the old days, monks used this kind of lettering in copying manuscripts by hand. Their beautiful products are admired universally. Through actual tests made with her own pupils, Miss Moore has found that they can write this way as rapidly as when using the ordinary script. Miss Moore comments on the ease of the writing

in a letter to PopuLar Scrence Montaty, part of which is repro- duced with the accompanying pho- tograph, to show a specimen of her own broad-edge pen writing. Con- tinuing, she writes: “Left to ourselves, we seem naturally to adopt the simple letter forms used by the scribes in the days when ‘writing, though even more important as a tool than in this age of printing presses, typewrit- ers and adding machines, was yet looked upon as an art. We seem instinctively to appreciate the union in the old writing of the practical and the beautiful.” Children usually learn to print before they learn to write, and find it easier than script. Some persons— Thomas A. Edison is one example—have worked out systems of printing all for themselves. All of which goes to show, Miss Moore contends, that printing is the natural mode of expression. Under this system, a child learns only one alphabet—the printed one, and it }s impossible for the writing to be scribbled.

March, = %

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» 192% 1 the e of reasy ined, March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 23 * the dan. and n of ‘urb. n of epth the and true Part once $ no ‘the co 5s SS =o CO CO et 7m a hee A Bear Hunt 20,000 Years Ago Copyright “Illustrated London News.” N PREHISTORIC deposits at Predmost, Czecho-Slovakia, Prof. D. K. Absolon of Prague University recently un- covered the bones of a number of Pleistocene cave bears, uge animals, that often reached a height of 12 feet, and that were much more formidable beasts than the American grizzly. Our artist here shows the primitive men of the Ice Age attacking the cave bear. They began their attack by trapping the big beast in pitfalls. Then, armed with flint-tipped spears and darts, they slew the huge mammoth. The bones found at Predmost show our primitive ancestors were both bold and crafty.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% Recent photograph of the giant Wilson Dam at Muscle Shoals, a unit in the Tennessee River super-power project. The 18-mile lake formed by the dam may be seen directly above the structure. The navigation lock is in the foreground The Power of Five Niagaras Tiny Drops of Water to Do the Work of 4,000,000 Horses generated by the great dynamos on the United States side of Niagara! Enough to convert the South, with its peaceful corn and cotton fields, into a humming industrial center, and to make of the Tennessee river valley in the southern Appalachian mountains, an American Ruhr. A system of artificial lakes, and the deepening of the Tennessee river so that ships may travel from Knoxville through the Ohio and Mississippi rivers to the Gulf of Mexico. A ship canal from the Tennessee river to the Tombigbee river to give this vast new industrial country still another port at Mobile, Alabama. \IVE times as much power as can be } This map shows the location of the vast en- gineering project which is expected eventually to develop 4,000,000 horsepower from the Ten- nessee river between Paducah and Knoxville falling drops of water, the almost incon- ceivable total of 4,000,000 horsepower. One thousand miners working dili- gently every day in the year for four years might be able to produce the six million tons of coal that would be required to generate such tremendous power. HE South used to be called sleepy, leisurely, sometimes slow, perhaps because these adjectives fitted in with the life of a sunny agricultural land. ‘The average American now can widen his eyes at a picture of this country as one of the greatest industrial centers in the world, with factories working day and night, steel mills throwing showers All this is included in a breath-taking project announced recently by Major Harold C. Fiske of the U. S. Army, chief of the Tennessee Valley Power Survey. It has been called the most stupen- dous single engineering proj- ect in this generation. The plan is to build 100 dams on a 400-mile stretch of the Ten- nessee river between Padu- cah, Ky., and Knoxville, Tenn., conserving the heavy rainfall of this region. When all the dams are completed, it is estimated that they will be capable of generating, through combined power of horsepower. The powerhouse at Wilson Dam, with capacity for generating 100,000 In the foreground is the weir which will measure the volume of water passing from the hydraulic turbine in the powerhouse of sparks into the air, and ships traveling to the sea, carrying thousands of tons of manufactured products. The War Department has been surveying the Tennessee valley region for the last five years. Army fliers have made thousands of pictures which, when pieced together, form detailed maps of this promis- ing land of potential power. The flow of every little stream was estimated, and when al of the data was in, the officials learned that in this single valley in the south was con- centrated 20 per cent of the entire potential hydroelectric power of the United States. At on Dat 96.5

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March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 5 The region through which the river gation locks 300 feet in length operate and surrounded by wooded hills, looks as winds is rich in natural resources, There _ like clockwork. if nature itself had planted it in the are iron, copper, zinc, limestone and Eight generators now are being installed, Appalachians. When the dams are com- marble. And back of these, timber lands but the powerhouse is big enough so that pleted, a chain of picturesque lakes will and corn and cotton fields—everything ten more generators may be added when stretch across Tennessee. In this case, needed to support rich industrial cities the dams higher up on the stream are industry, rather than making the country which, it is predicted, will spring up as_ completed. With these all working, it is _ ugly, will beautify it. In addition, a na- soon as the power of the great river is estimated that even at the lowest water tional park will be created in this region, harnessed. stage, Muscle Shoals will be able to pro- ” : duce 100,000 horsepower. OUR utility companies already have Every dam that is thrown across the made applications to the Government river above Muscle Shoals, of course, to build dams on the river, and 24 of the gives more control of the water at the dams soon will be under construction. Wilson Dam. One of the proposed dams, The best-known dams now on the river alone, the Cove Creek Dam, during low are the Muscle Shoals Dams. One of water season will double the power at these, the Wilson Dam, begun by the Muscle Shoals. This dam will be 250 feet Government during the war to supply _ high and form an artificial lake 83 miles electrical power to take nitrates from the long. The huge lake now formed by the air, is virtually completed. It is one of | Wilson Dam, 15 miles from shore to shore, the most magnificent engineering achieve- ments in the country. Fifty-eight mas- sive gates regulate the flow, from a gentle fall to a roaring torrent. ‘Two great navi- Huge Navigation Lock At the right: A giant crane at work on the double-lift lock at Wilson Dam. This lock will have a total lift of 96.5 feet, and is designed to encourage navigation on the Tennessee River N- E POWERTOBE POWER FOR POWER FOR NEW|| THE POWER GENERATED ALONG THE i- GENERATED §_ NEWENGLAND YORK STATE LAST || TENNESSEE WATERCOURSE WILL BE a INTENNESSEE = STATES LAST YEAR EQUAL TO FIVE TIMES THAT : Hummuntrtg Torsiseoo orcas o || PRODUCED AT 4d 6000000 TONS TONS OF COAL MIRGRAR FRGLE )S ie ts = “ ITHAS BEEN ESTIMATED THAT =~ 28 POWER DERIVED FROM THE TENN- Pa 1e ESSFE RIVER WILLBE ONE FIFTH OF | gg 1, TOTAL POTENTIAL HYDROELECTRIC \u* t, POWER OF UNITED.STATES rs : b d dy 1S 1S - e le i, n S- rT. n ll s le l- } : 9 ‘ : . . oa Se Map of the proposed super-power development of the Tennessee total fall of the river, including all dams, would be virtually river, showing location of projected dams. In the completed proj- five times that of Niagara. In the insets are graphic comparisons ect there would be 100 dams producing 4,000,000 horsepower. The giving an idea of the tremendous possibilities for useful power

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26 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% Five New Ways to Test the Power of Your Mind Try These Brain ERE are five new ways to measure fal the power of your mind; five fascinating methods of obtaining an index to your talents and capabilities. They form the second group of the reinarkable series of scientific tests ar- ranged for the readers of PopuLar ScrENCE Montuty by Dr. Albert Johan- son, of the Department of Psychology, Columbia University, according to the principles utilized by eminent scientists in measuring intelligence and supplying vocational guidance. By means of these tests you can tell in a few minutes in just what directions your mind works best, and where lies the work that is most likely to bring you success. Last month Dr. Johanson offered five tests designed to measure your ingenuity, your imagination, your sense of form and your mechanical skill, your ability to work with numbers, and your sharpness of perception. This month he offers tests of the co- ordination of your mind and muscles, of your power of concentration, of the elasticity of your mind, of your adapta- bility, and a new test of your mathemat- ical talent. Each test offers an interesting problem which you must solve. The solutions are printed on page 146 and with the solu- Teasers and Measure Your Abilities , Does Your Mind Fully Control Your Muscles? Cut out this star, and insert in a cardboard box from which the bottom has been removed and place before a mirror as shown above. Looking in the mirror, trace the outline of the star with a pencil between the double lines. If you cross the lines, return to the blank space and continue. Note carefully the time it takes you to make the entire circuit of the star tions is given a system of scoring that tells whether you have shown superior, average or inferior ability in performing the tests. In fairness to yourself, though, do not look at the solutions until after you have completed all tests. The first test, performed with the star shown at the right above, is a test of co-ordination. Do your muscles obey the dictates of your mind? Are they fully under its control? Can you learn quickly a difficult new process such as driving an automobile, operating a machine, or playing a game? This test will tell you in a few seconds. Can you concentrate? Can you detect errors rapidly and surely? Try the test Test Your Concentration OME of the answers to the simple examples in addition and subtraction given below are incorrect. The object of this test of concentration is to detect the errors. Work until you have found all the mistakes; then, when you have completed all tests, turn to page 146 for your rating. 3+12=15 6+15=22 13+ 3=10 12— 7= 5 16— 9= 7 19— 6=13 12— 6= 6 16+ 6=22 15— 2=13 14+ 9=23 15+ 5=10 11+ 4=14 5+17=22 16+ 4=22 4+18=22 13— 4= 9 16— 5=l11 13— 2=11 17+ 7=23 15-— 4=11 14-— 8= 6 12— 4=16 18— 4=12 12— 9= 3 14+ 6=20 2+11=13 15— 8= 7 18— 8=10 16+ 8=23 19— 7=13 19+ 9=28 5+13=18 15+ 9=25 13— 5= 8 19+ 5=24 16— 2=13 : 14-— 9= 5 12+ 9=21 7+18=25 9+ 7=17 sense is the same. ENGLISH PROVERBS a. Married in haste we repent at leisure. b. Answer a fool according to his folly. c. One swallow does not make a summer. d. Out of the frying-pan into the fire. Robbing Peter to pay Paul. Birds of a feather flock to- gether. First catch your hare. Sour grapes. Adding insult to injury. Curses come home to roost. Distance lends enchantment. Milk for babes. m. We can all endure the mis- fortunes of others. rho mas pga AFRICAN PROVERBS 1. One tree does not make a forest. 2. I nearly killed the bird. No one can eat nearly in a stew. How Agile Is Your Mind? | priate of the English proverbs in the first list below has a corresponding African proverb somewhere in the second list; that is, a proverb that is worded differently, but whose In the blank space beside each English proverb write the number of the African proverb which most nearly has the same meaning. Work for exactly five minutes. 3. Full-belly child says to hungry- belly child, ‘‘keep good cheer.” . Distant firewood is good firewood. 5. Ashes fly in the face of him who throws them. 6. If the boy says he wants to tie the water with a string, ask him if he means the water in the pot or the water in the lagoon. 7. Cocoanut is not good for birds to eat. 8. He runs away from the sword and hides himself in the scabbard. 9. A fool of Ika and an idiot of Iluka meet together to make friends. 10. The ground-pig said: ‘‘I do not feel so angry with the man who killed me as with the man who dashed me on the ground after.” 11. Quick loving a woman means quick not loving a woman. 12. Ifthe stomach is not strong, do not eat cockroaches. 13. No one should draw water from the spring to supply the river. March, at the same P facts al Do} Can y¢ details test at supply —*

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— eee Ss _ March, 1926 at the lower left-hand corner of this same page, and discover these important facts about yourself. oe Nan Do you form new associations easily? Can you learn a foreign language, or the details of a new occupation? The proverb test at the other side of the same page will supply the answers to those questions. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Are you adaptable? Is your memory good? Do you learn quickly, especially in regard to form? Would you, for ex- ample, be likely to succeed as a_ hotel man because you can remember faces? Or would you be able to remember the location of the stock in a large store? The symbol test just below will quickly 27 indicate your talents in these directions. Somewhat similar in its. purpose to this test and the previous one is the code test at the lower left-hand corner of this page. Try this test, obeying faithfully the rules, then pass on to the next test, in the right hand corner, which is a meas- ure of your mathematical ability. Is Your Memory AO Ww A what number each contains. Good, and How Ranidly Do You Learn? * © Hh A WAY, OOATA SOaSkASOKA Oe OOK OBAOSKA OSPOAOCSOxOOAO koAXKAOX ADS SROAeCOUXABOA Study the five symbols at the top until you feel sure you know Note the time, then write into and so on. iy EI each symbol below the appropriate letter—in each star a 1, When you have finished, note how long it took you = 2&2 es & 2.4 of the ten digits. Learn See How Quickly You Can Do This One 6° 7 &@ & @ a» © & 2&2 @ BOVE are ten letters, each of which is indicated by one which number stands for each letter, then, timing yourself,.write in the blank spaces below the proper numbers for each set of letters as indicated in the first two sets, which already are filled in. Work until you have finished, and make note of your time. CZjJT 119215 JOvs| 2) 0 7 4 eVi0..1..).-1. exre.j. ij...) VUOS)..|..|..|.. ae Bi. 15.1, 21... Seee .:i.i.. Siry..|..)..|. ¥uUCQ). |... .|.. ma M8). .t...1..1.. Sexe. |..|..).. UZLO|.|..|..|.. TVJU..|..|..|.. yor xi:|..|.-|.. UCVT)..|..|..|.. $0128). .):J.|-. **Lx..|-...|.. e¢e8e..|..|.;\.. VI R..|..\../.. wren.) evTo klk ULCS..|..|.:1.. Jor Vi..|.:..|.. Soc §..|..\..).. oe en or VLXS..J..|..|.. Fe Q..|..}..|.. £3 Tak.|..\..1.. eT H..\. 1.1). UVCXI..|..|..|.. ©27u.|-.)..|:. SVUV..|..|..|.. Sees hk. a eo ok SS 0: eae ee Ui. ot. 1- 1. a Are You Good at Numbers? N each row of numbers below write on the two dotted lines the numbers that should come next to complete the series, as for example 246 81012..14..16 Work for three minutes, then stop and turn to page 146 for your rating in all tests. 2 4 6 8 10 12 14° 16 2 Ss 4& 5. Of 2 10. & & fF G» 3 5 10 15 20 25 30 oO DO. 92 . BS).264 ZF 3. Ss Of GO. 4- 4 3S 7 It I 38 23 So, £ F- Ss 4 5 ®@ 9 YB 251.23. 2h 2k VEYA Ls. 2... 40: 8%.16832 2. IS 162 13,15) & 12). 14 13: 15, “14.16 16-12 15 1b 14 20 25 24 22 21 19 18 iG &$ 4 1 kh 2. 42° G “SrIS 1s 1. 4° 916 525° 36 1S: -160. 14 27 i218 ZU. VS 3G) Sa SO 03) es Ae Si FOL AOS 222 GG aah: ive xis

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28 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Mistakes I Made When I Built yyy my floors creak *‘The House that Junk Built” A side view of Mr. McMahon’s home, showing the faultless garage in which he says he realized all the ambitions for perfect construction which he did not quite achieve in his dwelling. This garage is entirely fireproof as well as convenient WELVE years ago I built a house, and entwined about it some mag- azine articles and a book called The House that Junk Built. Now I shall make that house confess its secret sins, bare its vitals to the world, expose the skeletons in its scanty closets, tell how it might have been a better house if the amateur builder had not forced it to take the first wrong step; in short, inform and warn others of the more or less hideous pitfalls that await an innocent little home-schemed domicile which rambles down the corridors of time. It is a proverb that the amateur’s first house is too small, his second too large, and his third just right. That’s my de- fense, if I need one. I have ok oe, be he . . * ald ~~ | P rae March, 192 and floods threaten the basement —How Lalmost asphyxiated my family— Pitfalls that you can avoid By Joun R. McMauon low costs, and tell how much we did with our naked hands. If a pro- fessional architect _ in- truded upon us, we would probably lynch him—un- less he admitted that our models were meritorious, HO has the right to call himself an amateur builder? Not the person who merely squab- bles with a hired architect, and reprimands a painter for slapping on the wrong color. Such fussers have no place in our ranks. The “shelters me pretty satisfactorily.”’ sand models of our dwellings, and frater- nally compare their merits, having enough policemen on hand to avert homicide. How the sand would fly! We old builders would unbosom to each other, boast of With All Its Faults, a Real Home Even though the floors may creak, the writer’s home, he says, Here is the comfortable living room, with a broad fireplace flanked by shelves of books genuine amateur is his own architect, filching not more than half his ideas from professional sources. There should be gaps in his plans, allowing for happy inspiration or misfortune. He is his own contractor and engineer. He buys his own material, hires and fires labor at day’s wages. He is his own foreman. He should work on the job himself at least half the done only the first. Yet with only one life to live, I don’t know what I could do with two more houses. The present dwelling shelters me pretty sat- isfactorily. My family is used to it. Our two dogs like it. Having made our abode here for one decade, we may as well keep right on, while amusing ourselves from time to time, with it-might-have-beens. We amateur builders who, according to the last census, are almost as numerous as in- ventors, ought to coalesce in a fraternal society with an an- nual outing and games at At- lantic City or Coronado Beach. We could draw on the sand our Don’t Miss This Unusual Series HIS is the first of a remarkable new series of help- ful and entertaining articles on home building by one of the country’s recognized authorities on the subject. From his own experience, Mr. McMahon describes here some of the errors and pitfalls into which the amateur builder is likely to fall. cles he will explain, in detail, points about home owner- ship that you have wanted to know, planning a house of your own or not, you'll be inter- ested in what he has to say about such problems as de- signing a home, supervising its construction, making alterations or additions, and keeping it in good repair. In the dozens of little “kinks” he suggests, you'll find much of practical value. Watch for the second article of Mr. McMahon’s unusual series in next month’s issue. In subsequent arti- Whether you’re time; and in such activity the logic of his inexperience usually gives him the status of com- mon laborer or apprentice to his staff of skilled mechanics. Thus the owner at one mo- ment voices a sharp order to his mason employee and the next moment the mason re- taliates by snapping at the boss, “More mort!” Neither one dares to go too far with the other. It is ideal. My men and I used to enjoy calling each other down. “The House that Junk Built” puts me in a fix. must confess that either the title or the house is “off.” exonerate the house, which home designs, even build little deserves no such stigma, ali Marc adm drav ism mat four be | Not cau out Unl use in

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b- ve is - k I e I h d March, 1926 admit a slight deception in the title for drawing purposes. The so-called junk is merely a quota of second-hand building material, most of it equal to new. I have found, like others, that bargains should be studied for a week before purchase. Not because of hidden inferiority but be- cause the labor cost of adaptation often outruns the saving. Junk is a temptation. Unless you have estimated closely its use—whether it’s lumber, bricks or steel —avoid the bargain. HE junk in our house that I most regret consists of floor beams. They came from a bridge. Strong? They would uphold a freight car, being 3 by 10, long leaf pine, on walls or steel girders of §-foot span. Yet I spaced them too widely for a creakless floor. Their principal fault is esthetic, to an observer who stands in the north end of the basement and looks up. He then sees the sides of those bridge planks scuffed by innumerable hoofs, and he can almost hear the hollow thud- ding klipklop of steeds that used to race over the river. I wish those planks were more tidy. I would cover them with a ceiling, only the exposed beams POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY He Is His Own Mechanic Mr. McMahon at work on the electric pump in the basement of his home—this was not part of the “junk” that built his home 29 festoons of flowers. Our house’s crude strength is dolled up, even perfumed in due season. “Tis well—but when in- telligent visitors come, I. lead them to the basement and have them, so to speak, feel of the muscles of our house. They generally say “Oh, my!” at our two steel girders, and a few of them understand the excellent masonry of the walls. Here a cardinal confession. I lacked supreme faith when I built. I risked my all, but I should have gambled further with my neighbor’s, or at least the build- ing-and-loan’s wealth. I had the vision of a perfect house, entirely fireproof. Through shortage of funds I compromised on wooden floors, partitions and roof. It was cowardice. I pretended that I did not care to be in debt. I was too proud to borrow. For the rest of my days, this semi-fireproof house will sneer at my chicken-heartedness. If we had gone in debt, we could have wiped it out a few years after the event. We could not have lost on a better house even if our circum- stances had not improved. At worst, in a forced sale, a better house returns more proceeds. are too useful for hanging up tools besides affording the advantage of accessible plumbing, water pipes and electric cables. Floor joists should be 2 by 10 inches, spaced on 16-inch centers, with diagonal braces or “‘bridg- ing” every eight feet or so. Then it is well to have a subfloor— which we haven’t—of common boards beneath the top wearing surface. This makes for warmth and rigidity. A frame house is extra stiffened throughout when the subfloor is Jaid diagonally. But it is never too late to mend, at least partially, and you can al- ways put a new top floor on what you have. I scorned the superficial when I built. Not looks but strength was my motto. Time has mellowed that point of view and I am now willing to concede that those artist friends who hinted at the ugliness of rock-faced concrete blocks meant to do me a service. Today Nature and a daughter of her who invented aprons have amended the rugged nudity of our My Twelve Worst Mistakes 1. Lack of nerve to borrow money so as to build a better house. Spacing floor joists too far apart. My floor will support a freight car, yet it creaks. Failure to provide a subfloor, for warmth and rigidity. Neglect of outside drainage problem. No overflow vent for cistern. No cinder base under concrete floor in basement. Failed to use level in building the floor. 7. Did not plan for screening and glass- ing sleeping porch. 8. Lack of ash dump for open fireplace. 9. No outside filler for the ice chest. 10. Fruit shelves, attached to wooden plugs in wall, collapsed, with great mortality of glass-canned tomatoes. 11. Shy of closet room—of course. 12. Almost asphyxiated my family by labyrinth of pipes that filled house with exhaust from the gas engine. ~ Ane & TILL and all, I do not lie awake nights bemoaning my prudence and lack of genius to adventure greatly. I know my limitations. If I had borrowed, I would have died five or six deaths worrying about the mortgage. Let those who are braver cast the first stone and take larger chances. I proclaim my weakness, and egg on young amateurs to spend enough money on their dwelling. This is not advice to splurge on the decorative, but to spend with judicious liberality on essentials. My next — imaginary — house will have outer walls of smooth- faced concrete blocks, stone, brick or hollow tile. The parti- tion walls must be gypsum block or hollow tile or concrete on metal lath. The floors will be hollow tile. The roof demands metal covered with concrete slabs or tile, mayhap shingles of rigid asbestos or of copper. Our present roofing of asbestos on asphalt has all the characteristics of a gold- plated wedding ring: it has ex- ceeded its ten-year guarantee but walls with robes of green and can never become an heirloom. Rugged Ugliness—“Not looks but strength was my motto. Time iS mellowed that point of view. Those artist friends who hinted at the ugliness of rock-faced concrete blocks meant to do me a service” Clothed by Nature—“ Today Nature and a daughter of her who in- vented aprons-have amended the rugged nudity of our walls with robes of green and festoons of flowers, and dolled-up our house’s crude strength”

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30 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Every other amateur build- er who has from three to thirty thousand to spend, devises a great and original economy. You have guessed it. He omits the cellar, there- by saving heaps of cash. The inventor boasts of his dis- covery the first year; he is almost as proud of no cellar as a six-year-old is of a lost tooth. He is sorry for the un- fortunates who have sunk money in a_ useless hole. There is less talk the second year. Deep silence the third winter. And in the fourth summer season passers-by notice a pair of human moles burrowing under that house March, 19%, Another fault, laboriously corrected, was due to havin confidence in a mason’s judg. ment as to the distance be, tween firebrick and wood What the mason regards 4 safe should be multiplied hy two; then you will have les to worry about. OUBTLESS my stupid. est botchery concerns our cistern, which is in the basement and quite ingen. ‘iously built above a well, Exhausted by the feat of placing a cistern, it never occurred to me to give it an outlet. As Archimedes once observed, “What enters must and piling dirt high on the lawn. “Yes, we are having a cellar dug,” admits the owner. T COSTS more to have it done that way, and more yet if the house then has to be raised for higher foundation walls. Just to increase trouble along these lines, a certain ama- teur built a cellarless house on the wrong site, had it moved to the right place and then had a team of moles carve a cellar under shelter of the domicile. These are real cases, even to the thirty thousand example. The moral is that no house, except in desert or semi-tropical country, should be put up without a cellar. On this point the Italian laborer in our land is better informed than many Americans: he, the mole, laughs gayly as he digs under the fool boss’s house; his own humble shack has an excellent sub- story of solid, watertight concrete, and it was made in the beginning. Ask Louie and Joe about this. Naturally, our house can draw up its self-righteous skirts and declare that it never dreamed of starting life without a cellar, or its equivalent, which is a base- ment. That basement has as much area as the living floor above. It is a wonder- ful workshop and storage space, gives room for furnace, lighting plant, ice chest, has a large fruit-and-vegetable division, and an ample separate space for ladders, window screens, and garden tools. ‘House, you are boastful. I have seen three inches of water in that model base- ment: a little more would have spelled calamity, for with the furnace put out in midwinter the pipes would have frozen and we folks frozen too.” Y HOUSE retorts, icily, that this was no fault of its own: the prob- lem was one of outside grading and drainage. A fair excuse, shifting the blame onto an unintelligent owner. I am reminded by the episode how amateur builders ever tread the marge of tragedy and often escape by the skin of their teeth. A broken window pane in ten- below-zero weather ruined a suburban family. One fatal thing led to another, the folks had to move out, the place was sold for a song on a plumber’s lien. I made our main basement floor en- tirely by myself, mixing the concrete out- doors, hauling it in on a wheelbarrow, dumping the stuff and spreading it with a trowel. It’s about three inches thick, “Friend Wife’’ Delights in a Good Basement Here is Mrs. McMahon, tending the furnace in the model basement, which provides ample room for a wonderful workshop, storage space, heating and lighting plants, ice chest, and a fruit and vegetable division solid enough, but lacks the benefit of line, level and straightedge. (I honestly didn’t know then about the use of these methods to secure uniformity of surface.) It also lacks ‘the advantage of a rich top surface above a concrete base. The ma- terial is the same all through. Worst of all, it has no six-inch layer of tamped cinders beneath but lies right on a clay bottom. It is sheer luck of the site that the floor is not wet in rainy weather. It merely sweats a little with condensation of moisture in summer, when warm air meets a surface in direct contact with cold clay. The basement floor, furthermore, has no regular drain such as all ground floors should possess. But again chance has favored us with an accidental drain which consists of the stone sub-founda- tions of the house walls. It is safer not to depend so much on Lady Luck. Among our defects is no ash-dump for the open fireplace. Half an hour’s work at the right time would have saved me two days of labor upon a makeshift. neal Well with Electric Pump At first the well was equipped with a hand pump, shown above. Now Mr. McMahon has installed an electric pump and has covered the whole outfit with a strong concrete top equally exit.”” He was right, The darn thing periodically overflows. Someonescreeches, someone dashes bare. headed into the rain to shut off the dingus at the corner of the house. Then to sweep away the mess of surplus moisture into basement drains. It’s hateful, even while I marvel at the hydraulic lesson of a weighty concrete manhole cover flung up- ward by the might of water. _ I have put in days drilling concrete inside and digging earth outside in the effort to give that wretched cistern a vent, So far I have been baffled by an unfavor- able grade and, more lately, intimidated by an incidental consequence of my toil. _ I had developed a maze of outer and inner pipes serving roof water, ice chest, cistern, and exhaust from the gas engine of the electric light plant. These pipes were so interconnected that only a mathe- matician could have understood their exact relations and foreseeen the possi- bilities. Thus civilization, ’tis said, be- comes lost in its own labyrinth. Be that as it may, while the electric light engine was running, I noticed that our cat, Horace, lay in a faint with extended legs. Our bull terrier tottered about glassy- eyed and became seasick. Other members of the family were pleasantly drowsy. Five minutes more of those insidious fumes from the engine exhaust permeat- ing the basement and rising to the living quarters would have painlessly finished the occupants of the dwelling. We opened everything, stopped the engine that was in cahoots with the pipe system to destroy us, and had headaches for half a day. HEN building our sleeping porch, there was lack of foresight to pro- vide for screens and for glassed sash. The coping wall received a uniform outward slope, but the inner edge should have been flat or level to avoid beveling sash later. A little wire mesh reinforcement in the concrete coping would have prevent cracks. Some scheme for fastening screens and sash should have been devised in ad- vance. Especially troublesome were the porch’s round pillars. To fit against their curves, strips had to be carved laboriously and even profanely, and in the end we had to box the pillars in to give a square edge for sash. As for the abnormal size of our porch screens—some of them being 5 by 8 feet—I am reluctant to admit r (Continued on page 138) a a mete Cee i.

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March, | 926 He Freed Women from Drudger As Howe, broken in health, saw his wife become hol- low-eyed and stoop-shoul- dered plying the needle, he realized the crying need for the invention of the sewing machine. sult was his first model, shown at the right, of which our modern sewing ma- chines are the descendants a hundred years or so ago, a man named Ari Davis rented a small shop, installed a few tools and ma- chines, and hung out a shin- gle containing his name and the single word “mechanic.” Today we would call Davis a handyman, possibly even a jack-of-all-trades, for he wielded paint- brush or hammer, file or awl with equal readiness and equal facility, and cared little what was the’ nature of the job he was asked to do provided his patron was willing to pay for it. At that time, though, and in that par- ticular community, Davis was regarded as little less than a genius. For the people of Boston then had but two interests— literature and commerce. They had not yet perceived the first faint streaks of the new mechanical age that was about to dawn. It seemed wonderful to them that one ingenious Yankee could almost in- stantly diagnose and cure the ailments of a stopped clock or errant watch, reset the lenses in a telescope or surveyor's transit, open a door whose key was lost and with a few strokes of a file produce a new key, sharpen knives and skates, solder leaking pots and pans, repair broken firearms and perform whatever other services might be necessary in maintaining the efficiency of the few mechanical appliances that were in general use in that day. A® SO Davis’ fame grew apace. [’ A back alley in Boston He became celebrated as a man who knew all there was to know about all mechanical matters. A flock of eager young men—inventors, seeking the road to recognition and wealth that had ‘en opened up by the call for machinery for the rapidly growing industries of the nation—thronged the Davis shop to offer for his inspection the models of their in- Born of Necessity POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY By Rosert E. Martin The re- ventions, to obtain his advice and opinion with regard to the ideas for inventions they had conceived. Into Davis’ shop one day in 1837 came a youth of 18, a small, thin, delicate-ap- pearing lad, rather shabby and awkward; a country boy, the shrewd Davis guessed immediately. There was something about his young visitor, however, that intrigued Davis’ interest, an odd air of dignity, al- most of distinction, that caused the mechanic to forget the other’s youth, rough clothing, and almost sickly ap- pearance, and to greet him with respect. “You have an invention to show me?” he inquired. “No, sir,” answered the boy. looking for work.” Davis hesitated. The rush of work that had come to his shop in recent years had necessitated his engaging a staff of help- ers. Just then, though, there was no vacancy, certainly none for a young, un- trained apprentice such as this applicant appeared to be. And yet that vague but compelling quality that he had noticed in the personality of his caller prevented Davis from sending him away. “IT might have something for you,” said the mechanic slowly, and as he ut- tered the words he was the unwitting spokesman of Fate. “T am 31 How a Young Mechanic Battled Poverty and Ridicule to Perfect a Great Idea A Real Hero of Invention Beset by poverty, sickness, ridicule and injustice, Elias Howe fought an heroic bat- tle for his idea and lived to perfect one of the useful inventions of the modern world For the ungainly but man- ly and engaging youth who stood before him was Elias Howe, destined within a few short years to invent and per- fect the sewing machine, the wondrous contrivance that freed millions of women in every land from the thraldom of toil and made possible the amazing variety and cheapness of modern clothing and virtually all other textile products, the device which of all those developed in the golden age of invention that began with the nineteenth century is possibly most useful in the life of every human being. ECAUSE, strange though it may seem, had Davis sent young Howe away that day, the latter might never have invented the sewing machine. It was in Davis’ shop that the idea for the machine occurred to him, or rather was thrust upon him. It was in Davis’ shop that he acquired most of the skill with tools that enabled him to fashion and as- semble the intricate parts of his first machine. It was in Davis’ shop, while per- forming the amazing variety of mechani- cal tasks for which its proprietor con- tracted, that young Howe learned re- sourcefulness, developed his ingenuity and caught the handyman’s knack of mak- ing whatever materials and tools he had around serve for the job he had to do. Chance, then, played a conspicuous part in the invention of the sewing machine. Possibly chance may be accorded the leading role, though it was by no means the whole show. There were other elements that make the story of this invention one of the most thrilling and dramatic ever

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32 enacted. In all history no man ever waged a longer and more heroic fight than did Elias Howe in develop- ing the sewing machine from a hazy suggestion casually offered one day in Davis’ shop to a working, useful device, foolproof and effi- cient, capable of being op- erated by the most dull- witted seamstress. eed the fight that he fought loses nothing in that it was spiritual and mental rather than an ac- tual physical conflict. For the forces that opposed him were the mighty ones that try and sometimes destroy ‘the soul of man—poverty, sickness, ridicule, neglect, discouragement, injustice, and calumny. His struggle against them supplies a chronicle that is inspiring, epic even. He triumphed, and yet his triumph was but half a victory, for in the struggle he lost much that was dear to him, and an unsuspected ally of his enemies—death—snatched the fruits of conquest from his hand almost at the moment he obtained them. When young Howe told Ari Davis that he was the son of a farmer and miller of Spencer, Mass., hence accustomed since childhood to working with the rude agri- cultural and grinding machinery of that day, the mechanic was glad that he had not offered him the brusque dismissal which he habitually accorded to appli- cants for jobs in his shop. When the boy added that he had had two years’ actual experience with industrial machinery— as a hand in a cotton machinery factory at Lowell and more recently as a hemp carder in a machine shop in Cambridge, after the panic of 1837 had closed the Lowell industries—he waited to hear no more. but engaged the boy immediately as a helper, and set him to doing simple repair work. Quickly he found that he had made no POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Where Women Slaves Become Masters In almost every corner of the world today the sewing machine has come to free women from thraldom of drudgery and long cheerless hours— even in this little primitive African village where two of the native women are seen making the strange machine do their sewing for them mistake in engaging young Howe. There were better mechanics in his shop, special- ists in one line of work or another, bui Howe was a lad after his own stamp—a natural-born handyman, who with the same tools and with equal enthusiasm could put a new spring into a broken clock or a new trigger into a damaged gun. Moreover, the lack of coddling which had of necessity accompanied his upbringing as one of a family of ten on a rocky, all but barren farm, had taught him to shift for himself virtually from infancy. He was self-reliant, confident of his own way of doing things. When Davis gave him a job, he never wasted his employer's time by inquiring how he wanted the thing done. He did it according to his own lights and by his own methods—and in- variably the results pleased both Davis and his customers. March, 1925 It was only a few months after Elias Howe joined Davis’ staff of workmen that there entered the shop one day a man with a large bundle which he carried most carefully, as though it contained something pre. cious. Removing the wrap. pings, the man drew out an elaborate contrivance of wood, a triumph of the whittler’s art. Moving a lever at its base back and forth, he set into motion the weird assortment of cogs, wheels and driving rods that composed it. “What is it?” inquired Davis with the suspicion of an amused smile. “A knitting machine,” announced the visitor mysteriously. “It’s just what the cotton and woolen mills need.” Davis was an adept at getting rid of enthusiastic callers bearing inventions whose commercial possibilities to his practiced eye seemed negligible. “You're mistaken,” he told the man bluntly. “You’re wasting your time. Why don’t you occupy yourself with something useful—a—a—sewing machine, for example?” “That’s impossible,” cried the man. ° OT at all,’ responded Davis easily. “Why, I could invent a sewing machine myself—if I only had the time to devote to it. Why don’t you try it? It will certainly make your fortune. I'll be glad to examine it when you've com- pleted it.” The visitor departed, promising to carry out Davis’ suggestion. The latter, grinning at the success of his subterfuge, returned to his work. His older workmen, used to their em- ployer’s ways, laughed with him. One oc- cupant of the shop, though, saw no humor in what Davis had said. The words “sew- ing machine”’ had sunk deeply into young (Continued on page 149) A Million Dollars’ Worth of Motor Cars at a Glance How would you visualize a million dollars? Children try to do it by imagin- ing counting goldpieces in a heap as big as a haystack. There is an easier way. Go any place where automobiles are parked row after row, as far as the eye wa, eS 4ber4s bis Es oad can see, and there is the million dollars. The remarkable panorama of wealth shown above was taken at Roekingham Speedway, N. H., and gives fair indi- cation that the Granite State is well supplied with automobiles of every make

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March, 1926 ysteries that Ride the Mails POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 33 Strange Objects and Ucly Plots Found by the Dead Letter Office & Above: One day’s accumulation of “dead” letters—eight full sacks in all. At left: F. H. Bushby, in charge of the property section of the Dead Let- ter Office,examining mu- sical instruments and cu- rios which have reached the dead letter office be- cause of faulty addresses Contraband Firearms, daggers, bombs, whisky stills, and narcotics are often among the illicit goods which reach the Dead Letter Office. F. C. Staley, superintendent of the office, is seen above examining some of the contraband items Sold at Auction Each year the Dead Letter Office holds an auction of unclaimed articles such as jewelry, tools, musical instru- ments, and Bibles. The sale usually nets about $300,000. At the right Superintendent Staley is delivering a violin to Assistant Postmas- ter General Bartlett, the highest bidder for it Less than a quarter of them ever are identified O PLACE in the world, perhaps, ‘ holds as many unsolved mysteries in as many odd forms as does Uncle Sam’s Dead Letter Office in Washington. Not only is this mail morgue the final resting place for letters and parcels that go astray because of faulty addresses, but it is also the repository for contraband goods such as firearms, alcohol and nar- cotics, as well as deadly bombs and in- fernal machines. There an ordinary package has been found to conceal enough dynamite to wreck a building. There, too, innocent-looking parcels have 3 given up everything from a live snake or poisonous tarantula to a flock of fleas. More than 60,000 carelessly addressed letters arrive every day in this govern- ment morgue, which received 21,000,000 letters and 803,000 parcels last year. In this number are 100,000 letters which have been mailed in entirely blank en- velopes, many containing large sums. The cash found in misdirected mail amounts to about $55,000 annually. A Favorite Hiding Place Poison, narcotics, and liquor frequently are concealed in the pages of a book and mailed. Notice how the book has been cut to form receptacle for bottle

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34 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 1926 Do Athletes Die Young? Careers of famous stars in boxing, football, baseball, rowing, tennis and track tend to show that the man who engages in strenuous sport has as good a chance for long life as anybody—The “athletic heart”? bugaboo—When it’s time to let up cut to the grave? Are the star ath- letes of today, in the pride of their youthful strength, placing on their mar- velous bodies strains that will leave those bodies easy prey for the ills of middle- aged tomorrow? Do athletes die young? Even the man who is not especially in- terested in sports is likely to ask himself these questions when he reads in his news- paper of the death at an early age— or even at a comparatively early age— of some famed athlete. To the man who has taken an active part in sport, such news has something of the warning char- acter of the handwriting on the wall, and comes with the force of a real and personal shock. Shocks of this kind have been frequent inthelast 18 months. T THE path of athletic glory a short By ARTHUR GRAHAME Frank Chance, the “Peerless Leader” of the champion Chicago Cubs of twenty years ago, died at 47 as the result of a general breakdown following an operation. Bright’s disease killed Robert D. Wrenn, tennis champion in 1896 and 1897, at 52, and Billy Miske, prominent pugilist, at 30. Heart disease cut short at 54 the busy and picturesque career of Ralph D. Paine, Yale oarsman and football player, war correspondent and fiction writer, and the same disease ended, at 45, the life of Myer Prinstein, winner of Olympic events in 1900, 1904, and 1906, and one-time holder of the world’s broad-jump record. Many other athletes and ex-athletes, al- most as well known, have followed these stalwarts down the one-way trail. Reading of these untimely deaths, I be- gan to shiver be- Death has recently claimed many who in their day played brilliant parts in the drama of sport. Football has lost Walter Camp at 66 and Percy D. Haugh- ton at 49, both by heart disease. Tu- berculosis claimed Christy Mathewson, baseball’s best-loved pitcher, at 45; and fore the bugaboo of the “athletic heart’’—for I have been for twenty years a player of various more or less violent games, and although my playing has at 49 “ é OS AM F, : ti A Hard Hitter at 54 After 35 years in the game, “Iron Man” Joe McGinnity, old-time pitcher of the New York Giants, is still crashing the ball in a minor league. McGinnity earned his Big League spurs with the Giants more than 20 years ago His Heart Failed ; «>, Percy D. Haughton, famous g ‘ SS football coach of Columbia a ~*~ University, who recently died of heart disease Veteran members of the eight-oared shell crew of the Vesper Boat Club of Philadelphia, Olympic rowing champions in 1900. At their twenty-fifth reunion last year, every man was in good enough eR a NRT Bo erp WNP HESS Champions of 25 Years Ago Can Pull a Strong Oar Today brought me neither championships nor glory, it never has been established that being a dub is a safeguard against the dangers of athletics. So when the editor of PopuLaR ScieNcE Montu.y asked me to try to find the correct answer to the question: “Do athletes die young?” J was vitally interested in the task—and a little afraid that the assignment would bring me a bundle of bad news. TARTING with baseball, I at once discovered something that holds true in other sports—that the departed ath- letic hero seems younger than he really was when death claimed him. The Christy Mathewson that we pictured when we heard of his death last fall was not the baseball club officer and war vet- eran who fought his losing fight against the disease that was a result of his service in France, but the more youthful “Big Six” of the New York Giants who won more than 20 games each season between 1903 and 1914. We remember our sport heroes as they were in the days of their glory—not as they were in the twilights of their careers. Considered from the standpoint of ‘ds | condition to pull an oar. They are Roscoe C. Lockwood, Ed Maesh, Edwin Hedley, William Carr, John F. Geiger, James B. Juvenal, Harry L. DeBaecke, J. O, Exley, and Lew Abell, coxswain Marc long able the | Eve! and mos 50, | old. pite age 35 ¥y the leag J into tire him yea nia “ \ the he der eva of Sox of | at opt aft pre Br at Jel as: th

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March, 1926 longevity, baseball seems a highly desir- able career. Frank Chance is dead, but the two other partners in the “Tinker, to Evers to Chance” combination are alive and well. The famous “King” Kelly, most versatile of ball players, died under 50, but “Cap” Anson lived to be 70 years old. “Cy” Young, one of the greatest of pitchers, is operating a big farm at the age of 59. After playing baseball for 35 years, “Iron Man ” Joe McGinnity, at the age of 54, was pitching in a minor league last summer. John Montgomery Ward, who broke into big-league baseball in 1877, and re- tired from the game in 1895 to devote himself to law and golf, died last year at the age of 65, of pneumo- nia contracted on a hunting trip. “Wild Bill” Donovan had _ left the 50-year mark behind him when he was killed in a railroad acci- dent in 1923. Billy Sunday, the evangelist, who was a member of the champion Chicago White Sox in 1886, is active at the age of 62. Jake Daubert died in 1924 at the early age of 39 after an operation, but Wilbert Robinson, after a long career as a player, is president and manager of the Brooklyn National League club at the age of 62, and Hugh Jennings, 56 years old, is assistant manager of the Giants. He Walks Far and Lives Long Long walks and long life apparently go to- gether. Edward Payson (‘‘ Daddy ’’)Weston (tight, above) is 88 years old, but he still pulls up fresh after a hike of 100 miles or so Walter Johnson, Grover Cleveland Alexander, Ty Cobb, and Tris Speaker are among the many players who still are stars on the playing field although they are close to the 40-year mark. Baseball players, as a general thing, do not die young. ’ The death of Walter Camp came as a shock to the public, for he had come to belooked upon as the example and apostle of physical fitness. But it must be re- membered that Mr. Camp, a man who Olympic Winner Martin Sheridan (be- low), New York police- man and Olympic Games winner in 1904, 1906,1908. Died at 37. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY carried a heavy burden of business re- sponsibilities, was 66 years old when he died, and as his football playing ended in 1881, it is scarcely just to charge that game with his death. Football players also seem to belong to’ a long-lived tribe. It is true, there have been some tragic exceptions, such as Shevlin and Hogan of Yale, who died of pneumonia before they reached middle life, and Haughton of Harvard, who died of heart disease while coaching the Columbia team in 1924, But ten of the 22 players on the Princeton squad at the time of the first Yale-Princeton game were alive on the fiftieth anniversary of the Jim Corbett Is Still Young Although he is nearing 60, James J. Corbett (above), former world’s heavyweight ring champion and conquer- or of John L. Sullivan, hasn’t a gray hair in his ager of the Brooklyn Robins. on the diamond have left them smiling game, and in 1924 six of the.15 players for Harvard who faced Yale in the first Harvard-Yale game in 1875 were alive. All but two of the players on the Prince- ton team of 1887 were alive 37 years later, and those two were victims of the war. Turning to the loosely kept, and not too trustworthy records of pugilism, it is dif- ficult to form any definite opinion about the effect of prizefighting on the length of life of its exponents. Of the eight men who have held the world’s heavyweight championship since 1890, six are alive. John L. Sullivan, the most famous prizefighter the world has seen, died in 1918 at the age of 60, after a career in which hard fighting and harder drinking played conspicuous parts. James J. Corbett, who won Sullivan’s champion- ship from him, is active on the stage and still frequents the gymnasium although he is nearing 60. But the conqueror of Corbett, Bob Fitzsimmons, pound for pound the greatest fighter of them all, A Pair of Famous Baseball Veterans John J. McGraw (left), manager of the New York Giants, and Wilbert Robinson, president and man- Their thirty-odd years head. He is active on the stage, and still fre- quents the gymnasium Keeps in Training After 71 Years At 71, Jim Ten Eyck, famous sculler and rowing coach of Syracuse Uni- versity, rows at least six miles a day, just to keep in trim. This picture shows him, hale and hearty, out fora ow on Onondaga Lake, New York died at the age of 56. Jim Jeffries is alive at 50, and Tom Sharkey, the husky sailor who was close to the championship al- though he never won it, follows the races at the age of 53. HE great fighters of the lighter classes have been less fortunate than the heavyweights, although Jack McAuliffe, the lightweight champion who retired un- defeated, is alive and happy at the age of 60. The original Jack Dempsey, the Non- pareil, died at the age of 33. Joe Gans, the Baltimore negro who once held the lightweight title, died of tuberculosis at the age of 36; “Terrible Terry” McGov- ern did not live to see 40; George Dixon, a fine colored fighter who held the feather- weight championship, died at the age of 39. Many people think that running is bad for the heart, but available data on track and field sport do not bear out this con- tention. The wearers of the spiked shoe seem to live about as long as do other (Continued on page 152)

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Real Shaves Ever- _—_— SAFETY | RAZOR : REA ies —— BRosees \_/ EVERREADY natn te NR AITO POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY re + ro eee ARR OW ae f : = =x HYDROX COLLARS ~s March, 19% Laxweil House Vonice g ’ ar " EEP the lights alive—at any cost! That’s the rule. If this big sparkler went dark for ten min- utes, our company would lose $1,000. But it’s more than a matter of money. To keep New York’s sky signs flashing through every second of their night life is a code of the game, with us. “That’s why trouble shooters like me are out on the roofs on a night like this.” With my informant, one of the guardi- ans of the white lights of Broadway, I had fled from the storm into what he called the control shack. It crouched beneath the skeleton of a monster electric sign- board whose light would illuminate all the homes in a town of 10,000 population. That sign fetches a bigger rental than all the stores in the building above which it towers 50 feet into the night. It cost $20,000 just to build; it contains two miles of electrical wiring, and its message is written in 3,000 ten-watt tungsten lamps. From the theater streets beiow, more people could have seen that sign in the preceding 24 hours than live in the cities of Washington, D. C., and Portland, Ore., combined. It is one of 22 so-called “spectaculars”’ which if put together would make nearly two acres of dazzling brilliance. These tremendous flashing jewels shower Broadway with the great- est concentration of artificial light to be found anywhere on the earth’s surface. The most recent night photograph along New York’s Great White Way, where some 9,000 flashing electric signs turn night into day with the greatest concentration of artificial light to be found anywhere in the world. ‘Today there are more than a million lamps in the signs on Broadway How a Million Lights Paint the Gay White Way The Amazing Story of a $20,000,000 Electrical Display By MarsHa.ti D. Bevuicxk Outside the operating hut where we shivered and talked, a biting gale swept down from the Hudson. Crowning the five-mile luminous chasm on the crest of which we were perched, the great ‘signs that have made night on Broadway a spectacle unique in the world were flash- ing in kaleidoscopic restlessness. They seemed to be myriad in number, but an actual count shows that the great blaze over the 25 blocks of the theater district, including side streets, is made by barely a thousand major signs. In all Manhat- tan there are nearly 11,000 electric signs, of which 9,000 are to be seen along Broadway from its lower end at the Bat- tery up to 135th street. About 2,000 of these are on restaurants, and 500 on theaters. There are more than a million lights in the signs on Broadway alone. On the pavements 100 feet beneath us, there swarmed multitudes of black figures —part of a nightly audience of a million human beings for whose benefit my friend was tonight on guard to see that no single ray should fade amid this 25,000,000 candlepower of golden glamour. The interior of the control shack echoed with the sputter and thud of automatic switches. The grinding mut- ter of revolving drums and the thumping of big magnets rose above the whistling of the gale. I felt rather as though I had crawled into the steel entrails of some giant automaton, and were watching his mysterious life-processes at work. Rhyth- mically an uncanny blue glare flared up and died—revealing an apparent utter confusion of apparatus and switches and tangled wires. “It makes a novice feel dizzy,” I re- marked. “Well,” admitted George, the trouble shooter, “it is a bit confusing. No use trying to explain exactly how it all works. To follow the miles of wiring and study the details of switches and circuits and fuses would drive you crazier than trying to solve an acre of cross-word puzzles. " HE current for one of these huge signs is directly controlled by con- tacts on that revolving drum, or a set of such drums. There may be ten or twenty of them, in the big signs, all going at once. You can see that the drum 1s driven by a geared motor. The contacts are made of just the necessary length and placed in just the right spot to keep certain lamps on the sign lit for a set period of time. It works much like the old music boxes with cylinders and spikes that struck chords as they turned; only these cylinders play lights instead of musi- cal notes. The rest is just a matter of wiring. “These drums are all made-to-measure March in the js ere our pape! how | tacts sign ' sketc strip: the ¢ whol oper you mess of th ing | can clev was inte ak. Wo Tv str sig mc lik ne set m th

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19% is we oo er Ee ES — oe => oP @ March, 1926 in the electrical shops before the sign is erected. The electrical sharks in our laboratories can figure out on aper, With amazing accuracy, just how to arrange the drums and con- tacts so as to get the exact effect the sign designer pictured in his original sketch. In the spacing of those metal strips that you are looking at on the drum, these experts visualize the whole shifting picture that is operating above us. When you realize that the changing messages of the sign are made of thousands of lamps operat- ing on dozens of circuits, you can see that some _ pretty clever electrical engineering was necessary to put this sign into operation. * ET the whole problem is all so completely worked out in advance that I’ve known the actual con- struction on one of these signs to start on a Monday morning, with crews working like mad, and a week from the next Tuesday evening I’ve seen the completed advertise- ment add its colors to the scenery out there.” In a lull of the storm George drew me outside, and we looked over the parapet of the roof. “That whole spectacle may look to you like a haphazard jumble, but it isn’t. Notice how each sign stands out from its neighbors in contrasting colors, as well as in shape and motion. Those signs Flash Control The revolving drum be- low controls the flashing of the lights, electric contacts at exact intervals to give the de- sired effect in the sign POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY making haven’t sprung up aimlessly, anywhere and everywhere that some enterprising advertiser could get foothold for a steel skeleton. No, Broadway has been scien- tifically charted. There used to be a ceaseless battle to capture dominating positions, but now one company practi- cally controls the whole show, at least as far as most of the best locations are concerned. Our firm holds many unused leases on every available building where a sign might conflict with one of the existing signs. It costs nearly as much to keep black holes in the sky as to fill other spots with light. We may pay $5,000 for a single roof on which we never expect to erect a sign. “If this famous spectacle weren't planned as carefully as a huge stage setting, under unified control, then it would soon run all together in a meaningless jum- ble of lights. “Strict building and fire laws govern the erection of these signs. They have to stand high on stilts above the roof, so firemen can walk about underneath them in case of emergency. ‘The steel supports are sunk in concrete and hooked up with the structural steel of the building. In one case they couldn’t join the sign with the steel supports of the building, and they had to carry its legs all the way down through the walls to the ground. “The roof signs have to be open skeletons. The force of a gale like this, hitting a solid sign, might rip the whole shebang loose and send it crashing down onto the crowd below.” From what George said, I learned for the first time that the A Printed Page of Steel Structural iron workers fastening the great letters of a sign to the framework of steel. Construction of some of the largest signs costs from $15,000 to $200,000 famous Broadway kaleidoscope is the creation of highly paid engi- neers and artists, who consider Broadway their own stage and the night sky a backdrop for them A Huge Letter of Lights Electricians wiring one letter of an electric sign (above). Sometimes a sign has two miles of wiring to paint with light according to their own ingenious plans. Some of them are constantly walking the street at night to study its possibilities and to make notes for possible improvements. The expense of the big signs is so great that enormous pains are taken in design- ing them. Before actual construction be- gins, a preliminary drawing, worked up in color, is made. Then, a small working model of the sign, accurate in every de- tail, is built of metal. Tiny lights flash the message exactly as the Broadway crowds will see it later, written 60 feet high in 2,000 tungsten lamps on 10,000 square feet of steel scaffolding. And then a motion picture of the model is made while it operates. This film of the miniature flashing sign is surprinted in the proper black void on a night-time motion picture of the actual Broadway scene. When the manufacturer sits down in a projection room to be shown this film, he seems to be witnessing by magic the nightly display of his future “spec- tacular” over Times Square, weeks be- fore a stroke of work has been done to erect it on its perch. ARGE stocks of bulbs have to be kept on hand in the control shacks, because the bigger signs, like the famous chewing gum sign which had 17,000 lamps, eat up replacement bulbs by the hundred every week. Each night before the signs flash on, an inspector goes over them, testing connections with a volt- meter, replacing any lamps that a dark- ened glass indicates have only a few more hours to live. Other troubles may result from short circuits caused by weather- worn insulation or corrosion of old lamp sockets. George told me that the job of the men who erect the signs is almost as simple as a boy’s job of construction with a toy out- fit. The iron workers put up the frame first with pieces of material that already have been cut in standard sizes in the shops. The pieces are marked in the shop, and drilled for bolts so that very little riveting needs to be done. Sometimes the workmen get a thrill (Continued on page 154)

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38 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY An Instrument for Taking a Census of the Blood This ingenious new instrument, known as an “interference apparatus,’ was invented recently by C. G. Peters and B. L. Page of the U. S. Bureau of Standards. It is used to check the glass plates employed by physicians to count the number of corpuscles in a cubic centimeter of blood. The new apparatus, according to the inventor, will give accurate calculations that are infinitesimal—as little as two-tenths of a micron. A micron is one-millionth of a meter To help you keep pace with the march of science, PopuLaR ScieENcE MontTHLy presents here, in concise form, a num- ber of the outstanding discoveries and achievements of the month. Has the Glass House Come? HALL we all live in glass houses some S day? Mr. G. A. Shieds, an Ohio in- ventor, claims to have found a way to make houses of glass, at a cost 20 per cent less than that of frame ones. No paint, no plaster, no wallpaper. Soap and water would keep them clean and sanitary. For privacy’s sake the glass is opaque and can be made in any color. Mr. Shieds’ invention is a machine that makes glass slabs three-eighths of an inch thick, 30 inches wide, and up to nine feet long. These are bolted to concrete foundations and screwed to a framework of wood. Doctor Drinks Deadly Parasites HERO of science who came very near being a martyr is Dr. C. H. Barlow, a medical missionary in China. For the last 15 years he has been fighting a disease there, called “‘fascio-lopsiasis,” which has taken millions of victims. This disease, which distends the abdomen, is caused by a flat parasite that sometimes grows more than an inch long. To find out effects of the parasite, about three years ago, Doctor Barlow swallowed 132 cysts containing undeveloped para- sites. He was deathly ill for four months, but finally recovered. Recently he decided that his own lab- oratory was too small for further research, and that he must take some live parasites to America for study. How to get them there was the problem. Then this brave scientist did a heroic thing. Taking 32 live flukes from the body of a patient, he put them in distilled water and drank them. Only when he reached the end of his long ocean journey did he tell any one what he had done. Soap a Germ Killer i.e during the Great War, observed that large quantities of fat from the soldiers’ dinner table found its way into the garbage and was disposed of accordingly. He decided that the fat was much too valuable to be thrown away and persuaded the authorities to estab- lish a factory near Paris, where the waste fat was boiled with lye, which yielded soap and glycerine. The soap was sent to the trenches, and the glycerine was shipped to the nearest munitions factory, where it was convérted into nitroglycer- ine, one of several powerful explosives. Recently Dr. J. E. Walker, a New York physician, called attention to some new properties of soap. In removing dirt from the skin, soap also removes bacteria, which are apt to be found among the March, 192° New Links in the Ever-Growing | ‘ Cheaper Houses Made of Glass—New Sources of Rubber—Some Other Useful Discoveries “dirt” particles. Doctor Walker, as result of his experiments, says that soap not only removes dirt and bacteria me- chanically, but actually kills many of the latter, in much the same way that car. bolic acid does, except that the soap is not so powerful in this respect as is the carbolic acid. We are told that any ordinary soap is active enough to remove germs, so that in the process of a thorough washing of the hands with the formation of a good lather, a highly appreciable proportion of the bacteria that may be present are killed. Here is an additional reason for using plenty of soap. Sugar from Artichokes HE U. S. Bureau of Standards has found a way to get sugar from the Jerusalem artichoke and is now working to find how to produce it cheaply. The artichoke will grow anywhere in the United States, requires little care, and the tubers, from which the sugar is ob- tained, can be left in the ground over winter. U. S. Death Rate Lower HANKS largely to conquests made by medical science, the total death rate in the United States is decreasing, according to figures made public recently by the Department of Commerce. These placed the death rate for 1924 at 11.9 for He Discovers How Egyptians Made Mummies Doctor Francis Benenati, of the Catholic University of America at Brooklands, D. C., is here seen holding a mummified rabbit. On the table in front of him are mummified fish. Doctor Bene- nati recently announced the discovery of the long lost secret of Egyptian mummification. With the use of a fluid that he has developed he says he can restore the original freshness of a mummy by immersing it in cold water. Both dis- coveries are valuable additions to our knowledge Mar an

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— Fe EE ee” a ee March, 1926 Girdle of Science 1000 population, as compared with 12.3 in 1923. The number of deaths in 1924 among 99,030,494 people, or about 88 per cent of the population, was 1,173,990. Automobiles are taking an increasingly heavy toll. Returns from 78 cities of more than 100,000 population each placed the daily average of automobile fatalities last year at 14.7, compared with 14.5 for the same period the year before. The chief cause of death in 1924 was heart disease, which killed 176,671 per- sons, a slight increase over the preceding year. Deaths from cancer increased, the total being 91,941. Fatalities from tuber- culosis decreased, the number being 89,724 in 1924, compared with 90,732 in 1923. Synthetic Rubber in Sight HERE is plenty of natural rub- ber still to be had, but we are using it up so fast that the end soon will be reached. In one year we re- quire 350,000 tons of rubber for automobiles alone. Science sees another way out of this dilemma. ‘There are ways of making rubber synthetically. Out of petroleum you can get a sub- stance, butadiene, which is the starting point for the manufacture of rubber. The Germans did some- thing along this line during the war when they were hard pressed and found it impossible to import rub- ber. Today not only are German chemists hard at work on the prob- lem, but so are American chemists. Both these groups can make rub- ber of a kind; but the more pressing problem is to make it cheap, so that it may become a commercial success. It is. fairly safe to make the prediction that the chemists will win in the end. New Type of Muffler Eugene Royer, of Paris, has invented a muffler for automobiles which, he claims, destroys, through a heating element, all smoke and the poisonous carbon monoxide gas that is a menace to city dwellers and to anyone working in a badly ventilated garage POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Monoxide Gas Detector The U. S. Bureau of Mines has perfected a device to detect the slightest quantity of carbon mon- oxide in tunnels and mines. In the picture below Miss Agnes O’Laughlin is using the apparatus to prove that though cigarettes contain this poi- son, it is not enough H to be really harmful A Through the Tail of a Comet HAT if some day the earth should bump into a comet’s tail? What would happen? Well, you ought to know. For just the other day you whizzed through the tail of Biela’s comet. Compared with the earth, a comet is a porous thing, made of rocks and gases hanging loosely together. The only thing unusual as we shot through the tail was a shower of meteors that burned up like sparks from Roman candles far in our upper air. Biela’s comet was first observed in 1826. Whizzing through space, it was seized by the gravity of Jupiter. But this greedy planet, which has reached its tre- mendous size through just such stunts, didn’t succeed in grabbing it for good. It did affect it, though, so that it had to start on a regular pathway around the sun. That is why we can see it at regular periods. Every once in a while new comets are discovered. Two were found recently by American astronomers, Leslie C. Peltier of Delphos, Ohio, and Prof. George Van Biesbroeck of the Yerkes Observatory. Tear Gas Guns The men in the above illustration are examining a tear gas gun. They are three members of a party of explorers who are about to invade Dutch New Guinea. They will use tear gas guns as weapons of defense instead of revolvers if attacked Another Chemical Victory — a couple of chemists some years ago showed the world how they could make in- digo, their discovery ruinéd the natural indigo industry in India. Chemistry produces synthetic in- digo more cheaply than the Indian can grow the indigo plant. Some such change is going on in the hardwood industry today. If you take hard wood and distill it, you get such valuable indus- trial products as acetone, acetic acid, and wood alcohol, besides the wood charcoal that is left in the still. Now we have recently learned how to make acetone and acetic acid by a fermentation process, and more recently a commercial method for making wood alcohol from its elements has been developed. Already the hardwood people are fighting for their lives, for the fermentation and synthetic processes are getting cheaper daily. Fortunately, many of the hardwood dis- tillers are cooperating with the synthetic chemists. Eventually the hardwood in- dustry, like the natural indigo industry, must go to the wall, but there will arise a better and greater industry to take its place. Aerial Night Photography N the dense blackness of night, a Mar- tin bombing plane recently hovered over Rochester, N. Y., 3000 feet in the air. Suddenly a flash appeared in the sky. There was a tremendous rumbling, and many windows broke from the vibration. In the bomber the shutters of seven cameras clicked, and a motion-picture camera took advantage of the brief glare. When the pictures were developed it was found that this experiment in aerial photog- raphy at night was a complete success. Army officials point out that taking pictures at night would be of invaluable help in time of warfare.

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40 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY , March, 192% Women Who Hold Men’s Jobs She Follows Mining Miss Helen Antonkova overs hauling a mining drill. Born in Siberia, she is now a stu- dent of mining engineering at the University of Washington Expert Woman Welder Mrs. Martha Hoffman Henke of Chicago, one of the very few wom- en welders in the world, explaining the art of welding. A short time ago in Boston she gave a demon- stration of her mechanical art for the American Welding Society Louis and the students of the Massa- Beach chusetts Institute of Technology bath j No w betwe A Worker in Wood Mrs. Park of Garrard’s Cross, England, making fit- tings for her invention—a portable telescopic nurs- ery gate. This British matron knows tools as well as babies, and she keeps a work- ’ shop in her home. Her nurs- ; ery gate placed across the nursery door makes of the room a big and safe play pen With Synthetic Sunshine Doctor Rosalind Wulzen, of the University of Cali- fornia, is shown above experimenting with syn- thetic sunbeams. She uses a “sunshine” ma- chine in her search for a cure for various ills now deemed almost incurable Mechanics her Choice Miss Thelma Holliday repairing the distributor of an automobile engine. Behold ‘‘Mrs. Hercules!’’ This is Mrs. Angelina Francesca, of She holds a regular job in a garage in The Boston, carrying a big barrel. She is New York City. She always preferred exe six feet six inches in height, and for a screwdriver to a typewriter, and to- his 10 years she has been handling barrels day she is said to be a genuinely com- Pla and hogsheads at a barrel plant where petent auto mechanic. She says she - she is employed. She, without a doubt, is the Amazon of New England thoroughly enjoys her unusual vocation and sees no reason why a woman who is mechanically inclined should spend her days filing cards or adding figures

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His Daily Dip Louis Marquit, 68, of Brighton Beach, N. Y., taking his daily bath in the ocean in December. No weather is too severe to stand between him and his daily plunge A wear ae Golf Does It The New York banker and railroad fxecutive, George F. Baker, now in his cighty-fifth year, keeps fit by Playing golf. In the above picture - Baker can be seen as he appears on the links at Asheville, N.C. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Seven Ways in Which Seven Men Defy Age HE veteran sportsmen on this page prove that rational physical exercise is the real secret of how to be youth- ful in ripe old age. The human body wears out prematurely only when it is worked too hard or not hard enough. A Round a Day John D. Rockefeller, Sr., 84, on links at Ormond Beach, Fla. He makes a round of the course once a day Two Ancient Mariners T. H. Simmons, 70, and L. S. King, 83, members of a Boston boat club, who rowed recently down the harbor to Boston Light, a distance of 11 miles Hunter at 90 Abraham Furst, 90, is the dean of Cincin- nati huntsmen. For 73 consecutive years he has taken out a hunter’s license in Ohio. Today his favorite sport is rabbit hunting Age No Drawback At 65, Robert Leando, of the Olympic Club in San Francisco, is putting through their gymnastic paces the grandsons of his first pupils. He is still an active athlete

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42 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY a a a HE Flying Scots- man, a train that runs between London and Edinburgh, has re- cently installed a com- plete electrical kitchen in its diner. The elec- tricity is supplied by means of a dynamo run by the motion of the train. Cooking by pressing : buttons enables the of kitchen to occupy the minimum of space, which obviously is of great importance in diner construction. All temperatures can be regulated exactly and the kitchen kept spotlessly clean. Like many a house- Famous Train Installs an Electrical Kitchen Compact and Clear e A railroad of Great Britain recently in- stalled a complete electrical kitchen on one of its finest trains. At the left is shown the com- plete installation, with the chef, who merely presses a but- ton when he wants te cook and now can keep his domain clean Showing position of the dynamo that supplies cur- rent to the electric kitchen. The train’s motion runs it wife, the chef on this famous train is now a firm believer in the merits of “cooking by wire.” A Lamp that Casts No Shadow Has Many Uses ERE is something that would fit right in a hair raising, nerve thrill- ing mystery story—a light that casts no shadow. In the photograph you see that though the woman’s hands are clearly between the light and the table, there is no trace of a shadow. Getting rid of shadow is of immense value for surgical operations, laboratory work, engraving, and other work where close application is necessary. A high power lamp is fitted in the center of an inverted flat bowl of sheet metal lined with silvered reflectors. Around the lamp is a cylindrical prismatic lens that deflects rays of light onto the reflectors on the edge of the shade, where they are thrown down in a circle of highly con- centrated light. The diameter of this circle can be varied. A _ special glass cover on the lamp keeps heat from striking the operator. “Woop pussIEs,” once looked down upon because of the unpleasant reception they give unwelcome intruders, are now being regarded more highly. Next to muskrats, skunks are the most important fur-bearing animals in the United States. Thirty-four states protect them by law. March, 19%, Novel Type of Key Holder Is Handy in Use F YOU ever have stood in a dark hall, trying to disengage your key from its entanglement with the other keys in your ring, you know how trying is the habit of keys with the ordinary ring, Here is a new type of key holder, in which the key swings out like the blade of a knife. This new device, it is claimed, makes each key quickly available and eliminates the necessity of handling the whole bunch of keys in order to find the one you want. This new holder carries the keys flat, and it is provided with a leather case to protect your pocket or the lining of your bag. The Human Voice to Control Electrical Current? N ENGINEER of Nottingham, England, claims to have discovered an invention that controls electric cur- rent by speech. It is possible by this invention, it is said, to stop and release current. The sound waves of the voice are transformed in such a way that they will control any electrical circuit. TurouGcnu a mechanical error which resulted in the omission of several words, an item published in our January issue stated that Charles Hoff, world’s record holder in the pole vault, is a native of Denmark. As a matter of fact, Hoff is a Norwegian. His record vault, however, was made in Denmark, and this is the information which the article was intended to have conveyed. Runs Motor Bus on Rails for Greater Speed — CONOMY for the railway com- pany and comfort for the passengers - 8 are assured in this motor bus and trailer operated on a rail- way track in Eng- land. The only way in which the vehicle ' differs from a bus traveling on the highway is that its inflated tires have ®. been replaced with flanged wheels. Greater speed and also less consump- tion of fuel are two big advantages claimed for it. Motor bus and trailer operated on railway track Carr, to be It is a partm comm struct deck. tened in an releas boat ' the s¢ buoy: On surfas open by a M

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ry 1's ct, It, nd cle March, 1926 He Says His Lifeboat Prevents Submarine Fatalities POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY RESIDENT of San A Francisco, Daniel J. Carr, has invented a lifeboat to be carried in submarines. It is a cylindrical steel com- partment that would be ac- commodated in the super- structure of the sub’s walking deck. The floor door is fas- tened in such a manner that in an emergency it could be released readily, when the boat would float to the top of the sea by reason of its own buoyancy. Once the boat reached the surface, it could be fully opened and an SOS sent out by a small wireless set. Three views of Daniel J. Carr’s submarine © lifeboat and the inventor holding a model of it 43 Mechanical Rack Raises Car Easily to Working Height F YOU ever have had occasion to get under your car, without the assistance of a mechanical device to raise or tip it, you will appreciate a recently invented rack, mechanically operated, which is at once a tipping, conveying, and _ service device. The rack will accommodate itself to any make of car. The rack, which requires no installation work or pits, is placed on the level, and the car is driven on it. The rear wheels of the car are held in position by steel blocks, and the car is tilted and held at an angle of 40 degrees by a one-horse- power motor. Now you can get at all parts comfortably, for the car is held at a convenient working height. New Plane Designed to Climb Nine Miles O RAISE still further what aviators call “the ceiling” of the sky, a remarkable new type of airplane designed to climb an alti- tude of 50,000 feet, or more than nine miles, is being constructed at McCook Field, Dayton, O., the War Department recently an- nounced. The present record is held by M. Callizo, a Frenchman, reaching a height of 39,586 feet. Wings of extraordinary lift and a propeller of unusual diameter are being installed in the new plane to provide increased lifting power in the rarified upper at- mosphere. The wings, of wood and fabric, will have an area of 600 square feet. A 400 horse- power engine drives the machine. New Kite Inspired by Flettner’s Rotor Ship INCE the time Flettner’s first ship skimmed over the water propelled by a huge rotating cylinder, last year, inventors, have been working on adapta- tions of this new way of propelling craft. In the photograph is seen a rotor kite flown at a_ recent aerial jubilee at Lin- denberg, Germany. The kite is sailed on exactly the same principle as the ship, The rotor kite, recently flown in Germany ferce and suction. wind striking a rotat- ing cylinder, creating Motorized Hansom Cab Is Now Popular in Paris NY elegant old gentleman about town, in London or New York, will tell you of the comfort of the hansom cab, and the delight of driving in one, with doors wide open, down Pall Mall or Fifth Avenue, on a sunny day in spring. Perhaps we soon shall have an oppor- tunity to test the truth of his tale. There recently appeared on the streets of Paris a new type of taxicab that caused a sen- sation, but at once became popular—the “motorized hansom cab.” The new taxi borrowed the idea for the driver’s seat from the hansom cab and placed it high at the rear of the vehicle. The occupants of the cab thus are afforded a clear view of the road in front of them and business men need not fear that their grave trade secrets will be overheard by the driver. The drivers also can better survey the street ahead. Devices Invented for Raising Sunken Submarines ECENTLY news came from Tokio that a Japanese had invented an entirely new device for raising sunken submarines. Almost simultaneously with that news comes word that Dr. J. Town- send Parr, of Oakland, Calif., had per- fected an invention to bring sunken ships to the surface without the aid of divers. Patents have already been taken out and on advice of the naval authorities the plans have been sent to Washington for the perusal of submarine experts and naval heads.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% |) yarch, 192 7 The Most Thrilling He Built His Own Not satisfied with the dis- tinction .of* being the youngest steamboat cap- = in Baltimore, oe : “ct alter Novak also wante . P to fly. He bought scrapped Charleston in the Air parts of dismantled planes Above: “Spider” Matlock, and fashioned the smart Al Johnson, and “Fronty” on air flivver shown above Nichols of the famous se “Black Cats,” the 13 pro- bey fessional daredevils of the = Los Angeles moving-picture A Lucky 13 colony, who perform vir. He Number 13 was no hoodoo tually all of the thrilling at for Al Johnson when he aerial stunts you see on the he jumped from a speeding screen. Here they are doing is plane only 150 feet from the Charleston on the wings = the ground. The opening of a plane speeding 80 miles on parachute jerked him free an hour a half-mile in the air lor and landed him safely. At pl right: How the spectacular feat looked to those below Speedy Planes to Fly from Boston to New York in 58 Minutes 3 Saas kee: Paris to New York Above is the Potez bi- plane in which the French aviators, Coli and Taras- con, will attempt a non- stop flight from Paris to New York, competing for the $25,000 prize offered by Raymond Orteig of New York City Above is F. T. Kurt, of the Aeronautical Engi- neering Society of Boston, with models of two new types of airplanes designed for regular passenger and express service between Boston and New York. He declares the machines, when completed, will be able to cover nearly 200 miles between the two cities in 58 minutes. The models, each of which was made at a cost of $700, are being subjected to exhaustive tests at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology New Type Airship For five years Thomas B. Slate, of Glendale, Calif., has been working on an idea for a new type of commercial airship. At left he is seen with his model explaining opera- tion of a novel propeller

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n, 19% ings Liles : air March, 1926 Game in the World “Changing Cars” in the air Catching the morn- ing train on the run would be no feat at all for Burt Koglo of Mason City, Iowa. He proved it recently at Clear Lake when he jumped from a mo- torboat traveling 60 miles an hour and caught a rope ladder lowered from an air- plane doing 80 miles POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY orate new New Fog Signals At the great Croyden Airdrome in England, the air port for cross- channel passenger planes, an elab- lighting system re- cently was installed to guide air- men to a safe landing in the fog. Electricians are seen above in- stalling a series of fog-piercing flashlights for use in open trenches Air Gunnery in Japan How a Japanese aviator trains his machine gun on a supposed enemy—the photograph shows planes “attacking” during recent air Maneuvers in the neighborhood of Tokyo Just before the Big Jump On the wing of a speed- ing plane, 2000 feet up, Chief Petty Officer Ly- man Ford of the U. S. Navy pauses a second before the parachute leap. Nowseethe picture below Going Down! Two seconds after the leap. Ford’s hands are on the release that will open the parachute on his back. Next see The Landing Picking a soft spot to land on is not quite as eacy as it looks. Notice how the open, air- filled parachute drags Ford over the ground

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46 This. Phone Meter Registers Length of Calls POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY -. YOU use your telephone very little, and Mrs. Jones down the line uses hers for 20-minute visits, then she ought to pay more for her service. lieves a California man who has devised a way to make her pay. So be- Frank S. Rich, of Los Angeles, invented this new meter device that registers calls by their length. It is worked by a mercury switch, operating on the principle of an hourglass. The usual method of paying for the telephone by the number of calls, Mr. Rich protests, is like paying for water accord- ing to the number of faucets used. One faucet may run 10 times as much water as another. One telephone call may . con- sume 30 minutes, another only 30 seconds. The picture to the left shows Mr. Rich and his invention. Wire Clamp that Replaces 42 Other Devices [FALE that is claimed for it is te this sturdy turnbuckle clamp muit }y worth its weight in gold. The maker declares that for fastening wire, whether to stretch it or for other purposes, the clamp does all that 42 other articles can do and he lists the 42 items which he thinks his clamp may replace. Tt is useful as a ground-wire clamp also, giving a better electrical connec. tion, as it brings the wire in direct con. tact with the pipe. The same is said to be true of the clamp if it is used in place of a standard feed cable tap. First Electrically Driven Passenger Ship WEEN the Gripsholm sailed up the Hudson River in New York recently, the huge motor-driven liner was the first of its kind seen in America. No smoke, no soot, for not a particle of steam is used on this Swedish ship, not even for heating or cooking. Although it has no need for funnels, the Gripsholm carries two, just because we are used to seeing them on ships. One of the funnels is used for an elevator shaft and the other for ventilation and to carry off the motor exhaust. The ship has six decks and accommo- dations for more than 1600 passengers. Two Diesel engines propel the liner. Compressed air pumps the crude oil used for fuel into the cylinders, where it ex- plodes somewhat like gasoline does in an automobile engine. Lighting, cooking, and heating all are done with electricity. Even the hoisting apparatus for baggage and freight is operated electrically. A Lock Washer that Will Really Lock LOCK wash- er that real- ly locks is” the claim for this thin ring of high- ly hardened steel cut in the shape of a miniature gear. The teeth are set at a slight angle so that when pressed be- tween a nut and a metal surface they dig into the softer metal. This is said to prevent vibration and keep the nut from working loose. The new washers are made in all sizes and are suitable for all classes of ma- chinery in the automotive industry, in railroad track work, and structural work. A close-up picture of the new lock washer is seen above. In the above illustration a workman is shown using this convenient drill to bore out a lead terminal on a storage battery New One-Hand Drill HE is a light electric drill, weigh- - ing but 3% pounds, that may be operated with only one hand, may be carried about easily, and can be handled for a long time without fatigue to the operator. The grip of the drill being on a direct line with the chuck gives a straight- line pressure on the drill bit, thus elimi- nating side strain. The motor of the drill is ventilated thoroughly and cooled by air drawn through the handle and_ exhausting through portholes in front of the motor. At Tue Haave, in Holland, a telephone subscriber can have radio also, for a unique installation has been made that enables telephone subscribers to get broadcast music over the wire by calling up a special radio number. The radio connection is broken off automatically if the subscriber’s telephone number should happen to be called. An Instrument to Test Solid Concrete HE U. S. Bureau of Standards has developed an electrical device, called a “telemeter,” to measure accurately the stresses and changes of pressure in a solid concrete structure. The telemeter con- sists of a stack of carbon disks, both ends of which are connected by electric wires with recording instruments. The elec- trical resistance of the carbon disks varies with the pressure put upon them. A concrete dam, in course of construc- tion in California, will be tested to the breaking point by the new device. While the liquid concrete is being poured, the carbon disks, placed in cartridges, will be inserted into it, and the necessary con- necting wires will furnish a complete record of the increasing pressure and the resulting stresses. Shoe-Polishing Outfit at the End of a Handle AUBER, brush, and polisher all at the end of one handle—that’s com- pactness. Stephen Murphy, of San Fran- cisco, never could keep together all the things needed for polishing his shoes, so he used his inventiveness to figure out the handy combination illustrated. The dauber for the shoe polish fits n between the brush and wool polisher. A push on a lever on the brush handle brings it out when needed. fe b ae The above device contains three articles in one—a shoe brush, a polisher, and a daubet

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ch, 19, s has ralled y the solid con- ends wires elec- ‘aries truc- » the Vhile _ the Il be con- dlete the March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY New Type of Armored War Tank Appears in England 47 GASOLINE ENGINE THREE-POUNDER _ ,~ RAPID FIRING | an oman , DRIVER My, ers COMMANDER sj paper 7 MACHINE nad, ¥ SPROCKET * KISS HOTCH GUN Se.» tw WICKERS «, MACHINE GUN ) Gila 7 priving, \ \ HE light tank illustrated above is Britain’s latest achievement in this type of war machine. It is 17 feet long and 8 feet 6 inches broad. A_ three- pounder quick-firmg gun is the main armament, with Hotchkiss and Vickers machine guns to back it. Five men make up the crew—a driver, a loader, two men for the machine guns, one a reserve driver, and a gun layer for the three-pounder, who is usually the commander. This tank can travel over plowed fields at a rate of 20 miles an hour—four times as fast as the old tanks first used during the war were able to go. Carry Your Chair with You in a Cane CANE that also serves as a Seat is a familiar sight in England, where spec- tators use them at polo meets, races, and on the moors in the shoot- ing season, also on the sidelines at any outdoor sports, and between events. Now that it has reached the United States, we may find other uses for it. Usually made of a light but sturdy wood, the crooked jiead of the walking stick opens in two parts that bend down in opposite direc- tions to form a seat. Closed, it looks like an or- dinary walking stick. A metal disk that usu- ally is fastened near the stick’s handle, ‘slips over the point at the bottom, holds fast, and keeps the stick from sinking too far in the ground. Taovcn angleworms cannot distinguish objects, they are not blind. They have light-sensitive organs distributed along the whole length of their bodies that perform the function of the normal eye. Fountain Pen Is Designed for Lettering | pecbicage pine can be done with the ease of writing, it is claimed, with a new fountain pen made specially for this work. There is a constant flow of ink automatically controlled by the pressure used in writing, and by it letters can be formed continuously, without having to patch them up later. The lettering is done with a rigid marking disk. An illus- tration of the new pen is seen at the left. The ink reservoir is toward the top. A Collapsible Floating Chair for Bathers HE Above, at the left, is a plan view of the improved floating chair. inventor of this collapsible floating chair for bathers is Thomas La Farina. The bottom and back of the chair are made of slats. A piece of U- shaped rubber tubing is fitted between two boards at each side. Curved pieces on top of the boards serve as handles. When deflated, the tube can ke rolled up, and the collapsible wooden parts can be carried in a small, compact package. At the right, the inventor is seen seated comfortably in his new creation, which is designed to bring joy to the sea bather

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48 Ingenious Machine for Picking and Husking Corn Rapidly POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY This machine picks and husks seven acres of corn a day Tree Seeds Threshed by Machinery N LANDS bared by forest fires, nature can’t be depended upon to reproduce forests quickly enough. United States foresters must help by sowing tree seeds. But it takes 200.000 seeds of Western yellow pine to plant a single acre. Collecting all these and getting them ready for sowing is a real job. In the photograph to the right is a threshing machine used to remove the wings from Western yellow pine seeds in order to reduce their bulk and make them easier to plant. Out of 200,000 seeds, half may germi- nate, but only about a thousand seed- lings reach a height of one foot, and of ihese probably only 30 will reach maturity. Men in the photo above are threshing West- ern yellow pine seeds for forest planting A NEw yarn, with the warm, soft feel of lamb’s wool, now is being made from the waste product of the artificial silk indus- try. United States Department of Com- merce officials hold out a great future for the new fabric, which already is being manufactured in the United States as well as being imported from Italy, where it started. The new “wool” is shimmery and dyes in beautiful colors. Combined with real wool in making serge and other goods, it improves its appearance, as silk does. An Orchard Device to Sort Fruit Mechanically NOTHER machine to save cost of labor. This mechanical fruit sorter, which can be carried out into the orchard and set up anywhere, is said to be much more rapid and efficient than the usual Dm REP iy,’ ! BY Undersize as Fruit,Here Zi ie a> ip Axes This new fruit sorter can be set up anywhere. The first-grade fruit, after mechanically revolving on the sorting table, passes unhandled into a bin hand methods. Oranges, apples, or other fruit are fed from a hopper to a wide perforated rubber belt. The undersize fruit falls through the perforations and is delivered to the side, while six spiral sorting rolls keep the fruit spinning slowly, as it passes forward down the table. The sorters pick up the culls and second-grade fruit, placing them on belts at each side. The first- grade fruit enters the middle bin. March, 19, ¢ pees at three times the Speed of a hand picker, a machine for pick. ing and husking corn in the fields has been added to equipment designed to make farm work easier. It is hitched to a trap. tor and is run by power obtained from the tractor by means of a special power take. off attachment that works in soft ground where traction is poor. Delmar Van Horn of Rippey, Ia., js shown in his machine, which is said ty pick from five to seven acres of com in a 10-hour day, thus saving time and labor. High Altitudes Destroy Plane Power ESTS made by the U. S. Bureau of Standards show that the engine power of a plane is reduced one-third when it rises to an altitude of 30,000 feet above sea level. Many experiments were made and they all demonstrate that the loss of power is caused by the steady drop of air pressure, as the machine ascends. An airplane motor in-high flight may be com. pared to a mountain climber who invari- ably weakens at high levels. Most people know that the flavor of apples improves with keeping. Recent research shows that this is due to the gradual reduction in the apple’s acidity, This decreases at first rapidly, then more slowly. In apples kept in cold storage the loss of acidity is a much slower process. If an apple has too much acid when it is first put into cold storage, it is likely to decay. A New Fuel from Bark RESSED bark, mixed with wood waste, is a new fuel that can be used to replace some of the coal required by mill boilers. When 50 per cent of the moisture which the bark contains 1s removed, the bark is changed from cum- bersome waste, which will not burn alone, into a low-grade fuel. The bark is put into a special press.. In this machine chunks of wood an¢ the smaller splinters, such as are usually lost in the water in a paper mill, are handled along with the bark and used also. In the upper right corner, is shown @ handful of the new fuel. In the left lower corner, a sample chunk of the un- pressed bark.

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U of wer n it ove ade 8 of air om- ari- of ent the ty. ore the Se ee A Convenient New Frame for Hacksaw Blades HE above photo shows a convenient holder for hacksaw blades used in cutting corrugated iron and other sheet metals, asbestos sheets, ebonite, and various compositions, if set in this new saw frame, an English invention. The blade is set at an angle so that it will cut through any length or width of material. It is used like a carpenter’s hand saw. and will take care of jobs that ordinarily require a hammer and cold chisel, ora large pair of shears, and that frequently ruin the teeth of the usual hand or panel saw. She Keeps Her Golf Score on Her Bracelet ARRYING your golf score on a wrist- band is the latest innovation for the golf links that recently arrived here from England. The score for two players fits in a leather case strapped around the wrist. The whole thing, including pencil, is little larger than a wrist watch and pro- vides a convenient way to keep track of Keeping score on bracelet card the score. Mrs. Henry Graves of Chicago and Miss Edith Renanf of Boston are shown above making use of the score card wristlets for the first time. Pianos for the Tropics Must Fight Moisture HEN you think of what happens to your piano during damp weather, you can imagine what would happen to pianos in the tropics, with the long rainy seasons. Pianos for the tropics are built espe- cially to withstand moisture. No veneer - can be used, only solid wood; all joints must be dovetailed together instead of using glue. The wood must be insect- proof, such as cedar, and the felt inside must be soaked in insect poison. All iron parts are varnished and steel strings gild- ed to prevent rust. And the key-covering must be moulded of celluloid in one piece. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY In the illustration below 49 _ A Fire Truck with Self Supporting Ladder is shown a new type of fire truck with ladder folded in fourteen-foot sections OUISVILLE, Ky., recently acquired a new type of fire truck with ladder which is not supported against a burn- ing building, but stands on its own base. When extended to its full length the ladder is 85 feet high and can hold eight men with safety, it is claimed. When not in use it is 4owered to 14-foot sections that rest over the driver’s seat. This un- usual truck, which was designed in Germany, recently toured New England and was used in other localities during the National Fire Prevention Week ceremonies. A MEMBER of the research staff of a large chemical laboratory in Long Island City, N. Y., Dr. G. O. Curme, Jr. claims he has discovered an anti-freeze compound for motor cars that meets the requirements of the U. S. Bureau of Standards. The new compound is ethylene glycol, which combines the valuable properties of al- cohol and glycerine. For EVERY two persons in the United States there is one cow. We have the sec- ond largest herd in the world. India has 140,000,000. We have 60,000,000 swine, four times as many as in any other coun- try. Corned beef and cabbage may. be cited as our favorite dish, but statistics show that we eat more pork in the United States than any other meat. How Quickly Can T A recent trial in a California city, a young woman was suing for in- juries suffered in a streetcar accident. An ex-motorman testified that a car traveling 20 miles an hour could be stopped in a space of 30 feet. The young woman’s counsel denied vehemently the ex-motorman’s statement. There- upon the judge and jury went to the scene of the accident and gave the ex- motorman a chance to demonstrate. A special speedometer, consisting of a a Trolley Car Stop? wheel attached to-the side of the car, was used in the test. Measurements showed that the best the driver could do, with the car going at 20 miles an hour, was to stop the car in a space of 114 feet. ees a8 ee Above, on the left: A judge and jury watching to see how fest a trolley can stop. Observe (on the right) the special speedometer used in the test—a wheel attached to the side of the car

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50 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Masters of Curious Jobs Match, 1926

He “‘Sculps”’ in Sugar Pompeo Coppini, a noted sculptor, is seen in the above photo at work on the bust of Miss Katherine Kohler, which he modeled from Cuban sugar for the recent Cuban Exposition, New York Maine’s Champion Fiddler The town of Norway, Me., headed by the Gov- ernor of the state, recently turned out to see the state’s most celebrated fiddler, A. Mellie Dunham, 72, entrain for Dearborn, Mich., where he played his tunes for Henry Ford

A Dealer in ‘‘Antiques”’ The picture to the right shows T. Sprole Leisenring of Washington, D. C., the founder and owner of the News Exchange, which he has housed in an old building, formerly a stable. Here he keeps carefully wrapped hundreds of copies of all the Washington news- papers, in constant de- ‘ mand by the legations ; Fine Head Work The above picture shows James Sainsbury of England carrying 20 bushel baskets on his head. Sainsbury is Great Britain’s champion basket carrier and the above : feat gave him the world’s record in that line

< Pit gt MMB (ND tT; ’ ; : a oe | j H

if Unique Bow and Arrow Maker i ' » In a little shop in Jersey City, N. J., James Duff, who was Crippled Artist Creates Marvelous Figures in Sand born in Scotland, makes expert archery equipment for the leading archers of the world. The bows are made of On the sands of San Francisco’s Ocean Beach, Ernest Woods, a sculptor; minus lemon wood, tipped with South American horn, and the . both legs, recently has been creating a series of beautiful studies. The above arrows are fashioned from straight and light Norway pine picture shows the crippled artist and his dog, with one of his creations of sand

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’ March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 51 Odd Things Taught in Schools A Course for Waiters The Westminster Technical School of London has under- taken to train British boys to become expert waiters and chefs. Britain has declared war on foreign waiters, and the best hotels in England eventually will employ only native help. Above: One of the students of the school snapped while waiting at table. Guests are provided for students to practice on The Tuner’s Turn The picture below shows a class in piano tuning. The town of La Porte, Ind., has the only college in the world devoted exclusively to the education of piano tuners. The school, endowed by William R. Powell, the presi- dent, is equipped with dor- mitories, laboratories, and private studios. The pupils on graduating receive diplomas as master tuners Training England’s Future Housewives In a remarkable school established recently by the Institute of Hygiene in Lon- don, hundreds of English girls attend practical demonstrations of scientific methods of economical and sanitary housekeeping. Here an instructor is showing a group of students how to test tea and to detect excessive stalk that may be weighed with it Course in Hotel Management Hotel management is a business calling for a cer- tain amount of technical training. Cornell Uni- versity decided to meet the need, and today has a regularly accredited course for this subject. The picture to the left shows pupils of the hotel management classes get- ting practical first hand instruction from Roger Cretaux, chef of Hotel Roosevelt, NewYorkCity Now the Janitor Goes to College The Colorado State Teachers’ College, Greeley, Colo., has classes in janitor engineering. Men are taught how to fire, heat, plumb, repair, clean, and ventilate a furnace. Above: Professor J. D. Ball shows his class how to build fires in approved style

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52 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY A Club for Retrieving Golf Balls C APTAIN C. L. MIDDLETON, of Washington, D. C., has invented a novel device that he calls a “fisher for golf balls,” a cuplike,scoop, at the end of a handle, with holes in the bottom to let the water run out. This handle is telescopic and when collapsed is but little longer than a golf club. In general appearance the golf-ball fisher looks like a driver or brassie and may be carried in one’s golf bag with other clubs. The picture at the left shows the “fisher” collapsed. The man on the right is retrieving his ball from a water hazard. Germany Produces Sheet Steel as Transparent as Glass HEETS of steel so thin that they are transparent recently were produced by Dr. Karl Mueller of the Technical Institute of Berlin, Germany. The test plates used to determine the transparency of optical glass, and ruled with lines one twenty-five hundredth of an inch apart, were photographed through such a metal sheet. When enlarged to four hundred diameters, the scale lines showed dis- tinctly, without distortion. How Much Do YOU Know about Science? HE following questions were selected from hundreds that daily are received by PoptLar Science Montuiy. How many of them can you answer? They con- cern facts of the world in which we live. After you have tested your knowledge of things we should all know, turn to page 158 to discover how many of the 12 questions you were able to answer correctly. 1. Are the winters more severe than they used to be? 2. Why does pepper burn the tongue and not other parts of the body? 3. What is the advantage in having two eyes? 4. Howcan we use the Big Trees in California to determine the climate in the time of Christ? Why is it that the ostrich cannot fly? Can we see all of the moon? What is ozone? Why does a silver spoon help to prevent a glass from cracking when hot liquids are poured into it? 9. Why are some parts of the earth desert? 10. Is there a sea serpent? 11. Why does paint keep iron from rusting? 12. Why doescold make us shiver? om eerseer “"sarse A Flashlight Lantern for Awkward Places OR awkward jobs in obscure places, where the old-time flickering lantern once was used, a new flashlight lantern has been designed. It stands on its own hase and projects a constant, steady light on any spot, leaving the workman’s hands entirely free for work. A handle forms part of the lantern so that it can be hung on a nail or suspended from the workman’s belt. It was de- signed for general use around the house as well as for motorists. The light uses three standard unit cell batteries. March, 192¢' This tie case holds and presses four scarfs, and it can be folded to the size of a neat pocketbook A Convenient New Case for Pressing Your Ties HE London man of fashion is keep. ing his ties smooth with this new tie press, which soon will be introduced in America. A stout piece of cardboard is inserted in each tie, keeping it stretched in shape while not worn. There are four pockets in the case holding four ties. The case may be folded to pocketbook shape, Bicycle Pump Used to ‘‘Break in’’ Pipes N INGENIOUS English tobacconist employs an ordinary bicycle pump to “break in” new pipes for his customers, After the pipe is loaded the stem is con- nected with the pump, the light is ap- plied, and the pump handle worked slowly until the tobacco is consumed. The pipe then is laid aside to cool, and the process is repeated. The taste of the wood is thus destroyed. To Protect Your Baby’s Bottle HE inventor of the “baby bottle protector,” which is shown at the right, is Mr. Joseph McCrink of Newark, N. J. This device, made of one piece of rubber, can be put on or taken off in a few seconds. The ribs of the pro- tector make it easy for a child to hold the bottle, or they also can be used to tie the bottle to the crib. The man in the above illustration is demonstrating the latest automatic plow that has been invented fcr the small-sized farm field This Novel Plow Needs No Horse OR the man with a small plot of land and no horse, the auto- matic plow illustrated possesses unusual interest. It was in- vented in France, where the average farm is small and draft animals scarce and expensive. One man works the plough by turning a hand winch on the handle. A steel cable connects the plow with a stake with spade bottom set up at some distarse from the plow, which also aids in making a_ straight furrow. The winch with a system of pulleys draws the plow forward. It is geared to three dif- ferent speeds and 1s said to have the equivalent of 1% horsepower — when in operation. The height of plow can be adjusted to suit.

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ie 1 ae ae oe -— CO = March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 53 New Plane Takes Off from Land, Ice, or Water or ice! Twenty years ago such a marvel would have been held highly improbable, not to say impossible. But so rapidly have the wheels of scientific invention gone round in the last 20 years, that such a boat has been built and such a boat actually was put in operation recently in the Great Lakes region. It is a 60-horsepower, all metal flying boat, with space for three passengers. This machine, which is called the Dornier Libelle, is said to be the only plane that can land on ice or water with- out the aid of skis. When used on ice or water, its wings fold. back, lessening the resistance. It is narrow enough in this , BOAT that will fly from land, water Teste wingless condition to fit into an ordinary moderate sized motor boat shed. A boat like this that can alight on and fly from ice as well as land is a means of saving islands in the Great Lakes region from dangerous isolation in the winter. The ‘Dornier Libelle’’ The upper left illus- tration shows how the baby plane rises from the water. At the right is a picture of the plane ready to rise from the ice. The third photo shows Planeon the water with the wings folded Previously, forced landings of hydro- planes on ice invited disaster. In the February, 1925, issue of PopuLAR SCIENCE MonTHLy, an interesting story was told of how Uncle Sam’s postal service keeps in touch with these islands. ELEPHANT grass and bamboo are used for the manufacture of paper in India, where there is a scarcity of wood and conse- quently of the more usual pulp material. New Rustless Diving Suit N ENGLISH inventor, Mr. J. S. Peress of Byfleet, recently sent to the Shipping Exhibition, at Olympia, London, England, his newest invention, arustless diving suit. It is made of rust- less steel that guarantees, it is said, the free play of the joints at all times. The device was given a severe pressure test at the hands of experts. It is claimed that the new steel suit can be used at a depth of 650 feet. .% ; ae ws yee wel Ze. aS Be The latest diving device Insulated ages Fuse Puller “QAFETY first’ when you go to the fuse box, either to pull out or replace a fuse, will have you use a tool in- stead of your fingers. The new fuse puller illustrated is made of horn fiber and grips the fuse tightly until it is in place. It comes in two sizes, one pocket size made in five leaves, and a giant size, seven-layered, with extra large capacity. The small size may be used for fuses up to 100 amperes and the giant size up to 400. How Colder Water Guides Salmon HE mystery of how salmon find their way year after year to their spawning ground, is believed to have been solved recently. Professor Henry B. Ward, of the University of Illinois, who has made an inten- sive study of salmon, discovered that temperature plays a large part in the fish’s life. When it comes to a stream junction, the red or sockeye salmon, he says, moving against the current, always select the colder water. Know Your Car HE generator that supplies the electric current needed for the lights, ignition, and starter should be regulated to suit the driving habits of the man who owns the car. The amount of current you need for keeping your battery charged properly depends entirely on the treatment the car receives. One owner may use his car for short runs with much stopping and starting of the motor, and he may drive mostly at night when lights are required. Another may use his car only for long runs during the daytime. The first requires a higher generator output to keep his battery charged than does the second indi- vidual. The time of year and the climate also must be considered. To adjust your generator prop- erly, follow these rules: 1. Move third brush to increase output if hydrometer reading of battery does not show at least 1280 most of the time. 2. Reduce the output if battery uses too much water. It should not be necessary to add water oftener than once in two weeks. 3. Reduce the output by half when you go on tours in summer. 4. Increase the output in cold weather. Your starter takes more current when the motor is cold. 5. Don’t forget to clean the com- mutator occasionally. Gasoline on a rag will help remove the fouling.

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A Bullet-Proof Shield for the Police N THE olden days, knights with their heavy shields weren’t half as well protected as Chicago police today with the unique device illustrated above. This new bullet-proof shield fastens around the neck, leaving both hands free, and a large lens allows full vision. In a tight place, once having cornered a criminal, police have been at a great disadvantage. When routed from their hiding places, criminals will shoot to kill the pursuing policemen. Every police station in Chicago, it is said, will be equipped with the new shields, and they will go out with tear bombs as a necessary part of a policeman’s fighting equipment. Want More Helium HE United States is the only country that has helium in large quantities. Germany is considering a suggestion that helium can be derived from monazite sand, which now is made into gas mantles. From 15,000 to 20,000 cubic feet of the gas, it is estimated, could be recovered from the sand in a year, which is a thou- sandth as much as was lost in the Shen- andoah disaster. This amount of helium would suffice for technical purposes, though not for the needs of dirigibles. Look Out, Boys, for the Electrical Spanker! je DGING by the number of boys who visited the recent Electrical Show in New York City, the youths of the country are warmly interested in modern inventions. However, there was one exhibit that was not at all popular with the smaller boys. It - was an electric spanking machine. The illustration shows how it op- erates, and we are waiting to hear if some community has bought one for its youthful wrong-doers. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Something New in Men’s Wear—a ‘‘Dickey Vest’’ F HE should forget and take off his coat, that would give him away, and some rude person might laugh. For the man in the illustration at the right is wearing the latest in men’s wear-~—a backless vest. It is very economical, re- quiring only material for the front, which is held in place by a belt around the waist and a strap back of the collar. It slips over the head and buttons at the back. Another advantage of the dickey—a man can take off this kind of vest w ithout first removing his coat. March, 19% The man shown in the §illustration below is demonstrating one of the latest devices for a well equipped home—an electrical spanker, which spares the hand but effectively impresses the young culprit New Zworkin Tube Starts Washing Machine HE inventor of the Zworkin thermi- onic photo-electric tube is V. K. Zworkin, who fled from Russia after the war to escape the Bolshevist. The tube is said to be a new wonder of this scientific age. Mr. Zworkin, it is claimed, is the first man to combine the photo-electric cell with the radio vacuum tube amplifier for practical purposes. At the recent Electrical Exposition held in New York he demonstrated the practical possibil- ities of his new tube, based on the mechan- ical power of light rays, by starting a washing machine. Mr. Zworkin’s device consists of a radio tube of a highly special character, an ordinary doorbell circuit, and an auto- mobile headlight. By concentrating the light from the headlight upon the tube, an electric current flows through the plate or telephone circuit of the tube, which holds open a switch in the bell circuit. The current in the tube’s plate circuit decreases instantly if there is the slightest interference in the intensity of the illumi- nation of the tube, such as is caused by the passing of the hand in front of the tube or the shadow formed by a whiff of cigarette smoke Bright Plumage Is Birds’ Protection OW comes a scientist who says that a male bird’s gorgeous coloring serves the very utilitarian purpose of protecting him from his enemies. At first thought the idea of bright colors protecting a bird seems ridic- ulous, but Dr. Austin H. Clark, of the U. S. National Museum, says, “You must remember the _bird’s eye. It’s not like a person’s eye. It has a much shorter focus, so that things look practically all in a single plane, without depth. To a bird, a landscape looks like @ patchwork of light and dark pieces. each sharp and distinct. Against such a background, an object is least observed if it is bright. The gay plumage of the male affords protec- tion from enemies of the air.”

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March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 55 Strange Sources of Music An Amazing Instrument That Plays Music with Beams of Light i- \. 1e is Five Feet of Melody Ic The aoove photo shows Miss Una Fleming, of 1€ Los Angeles, Calif., with her five-foot ukelele, ic ; the largest instrument of its type on record. A luminaphone, an instrument that pro- ‘ss Miss Fleming, who is called the “Original duces music by beams of light, is the latest it Ukelele Lady,’”’ recently traveled to Hawaii invention of H. Grindell Matthews, who is 1 with this huge musical instrument, where she shown with his device in the picture above. k ; no doubt found “‘Say It With a Ukelele” as good The luminaphone has a keyboard of 37 notes, . a way as any of,conversing with the natives which release light beams from projectors, a and these pass through perforations in re- volving disks. The interrupted light rays a hit selenium cells and are changed into electrical vibrations. The vibrations are ™ magnified by a tube amplifier, just as in vi radio, and issue forth from a loudspeaker . He Is a Whole « Jazz Band in in Himself ‘Singing Cocoanut”’ : Is on the Way . nh from Hawaii it. Vas ‘it LX. aS ri a ll- x vy he A One-Man Orchestra of Henri Kublick, a Chicago vaudeville artist, doesn’t care much whether the musicians’ union goes on a strike or not. At his finger- tips he has a whole string orchestra—banjo, harp, piano, guitar, and mandolin. The strange instrument giving all these effects, called a “‘banjochestrion,”’ is his own idea and was made under his personal direction vs us an IS ht A Tiny Pipe in . Los Angeles 0 Organ 3 i A monster organ was Ss . . built some time ago at It Los Angeles, Calif. at The largest pipe is 32 j ‘le feet long and three feet Is the ukelele to give way to the niu kani, : square at the “big a new musical instrument from Hawaii? Sicily specializes in wandering musicians end.” Our illustration The sounding box is made of the polished a who play half a dozen instruments at the at the left shows the shells of cocoanuts from the islands of S, same time. The above picture shows a one- smallest pipe in this Oahu and Kausai. Preparations are being st man band of Taormina. Observe how this instrument —a_ pipe made to turn out the “‘singing cocoanuts,” s itinerant artist uses his whole body. A toss with a speaking length as they are nicknamed, at the rate of st of his head starts bells a-tinkling, a stamp of ‘not over three- 50,000 a year. David Kalawa, a foreman Ly of his foot booms a big drum. With his eighths of an inch and in a Honolulu music factory, is shown with C- mouth he piays pipes; his hands play an a diameter but a lit- three of the finished instruments and also accordion and he has drums and a cymbal tle larger than a straw the cocoanuts from which they are made

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utomatic Signal Robs Fog of Its: N ew Advances Made by Science in the Conquest of Ignorance A Novel Device to Learn English Sounds In the above picture, Prof. Daniel Jones, of the Phonetics Department at University College, London, England, is watching a Japanese student who is practising the pronunciation of English words on the kymograph. This is a new device that enables foreign students to see themselves talk- ing. They learn to sound English words by the wriggling lines that ap- peai on the kymograph. Scientific knowledge is probably the most valuable conquest of the human mind because its discoveries invariably lead to practical applications that pro- mote the happiness and comfort of us all. Each month we aim to give you in these columns the latest practical re- sults of the newest scientific discoveries. By reading these pages you can keep abreast of the world’s achievements. OG creeps up the Irish Channel. It grows denser. Then suddenly from a lighthouse comes the blaring, mourn- ful blast of afoghorn. At regular inter- vals the warning is repeated. If you climb up into this lighthouse in Dublin, Ireland, you will see no one, for the warning is automatic. The fog itself sets the signal going. This remarkable de- vice is the invention of a young professor of the National University of Ireland— J. J. Dowling. A huge lamp sends a strong beam of light slanting across the channel onto a large window in the lighthouse. This window lens concentrates the light on a light sensitive cell inside the lighthouse, producing an. electrical effect that is magnified so that it operates an electrical relay. When the light beam is dimmed by fog, the relay current reverses, closing an electrical circuit that starts the foghorn. Ships going by, birds, airplanes, or other passing shadows have no effect on the signal. Only persistent weakening of the light by fog operates the signal. The apparatus requires no attention, and for a year has operated successfully. Serum for Broken Bones REAKING an arm, a leg, or even a hip may not be so serious an accident within a yeap.or two. Healing broken bones of young persons may be hastened and the fractured bones of even old per- sons will knit together if the patient is The lines are a guide to accurate vocalization POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

March, 1926

treated with a cer- tain glandular extract, according to the indica- tions of recent experi- ments in Japan. Next to the thyroid gland in the neck are four tiny glands known as “parathyroid glands.” An extract from these, when swallowed or injected, causes the per- centage of calcium and phosphate in blood serum to rise, it is claimed. Large quan- tities of both these chemicals are needed in bone building. One reason why bones usually heal very slowly is because it takes a long time to extract enough of -these substances from the blood. Doctor Ogawa, a Japanese surgeon, recently has been experimenting with parathyroid extract in the Japanese medical academy of Keijo. He found that rats fed with the extract grew twice as much new bone as those not treated with it. It now is being tried out on human beings, and the results so far have encour- aged the belief that the long weeks of wear- ing bandages and plaster casts may be greatly shortened. A Fishing Thermometer HE wise fisherman of the future will test the temperature of the water in which he casts his lines. The Biological Board of Canada, after a detailed oceanographic survey, has found that haddock and cod, especially, are very particular about temperature. The cod will not stay where the water is freezing, and for him 50 degrees is un- bearably hot. Between 40 and 45 degrees is about right, and if fishermen will fish there, it is claimed, they can scoop cod up wholesale. Haddock like water about five degrees warmer. The Board urges fisher- men to use deep-sea thermometers and not waste time where there are no fish. Measures the Movement of a Brick Wall The U. S. Bureau of Standards has perfected a device that shows the deflection of a 40-inch brick wall under the slightest pressure. Above: J. E. Merritt is observing the deflection caused by the pressure of one finger. If you look into the eyepiece of this senstive instrument while some one walks across the floor, the whole building seems to sway New Sugar Values HEN the average man thinks of sugar he thinks of the sugar used to sweeten his tea or coffee. To the chemist the word “‘sugar” has no more limited connotation than the word “alcohol.” To him “alcohol” may mean wood aleco- hol or grain alcohol or propyl alcohol or butyl alcohol, or dozens of other alcohols —all of them substances that, in one way or another, are related sufficiently to be grouped under one division. Sugar may mean cane sugar or grape sugar or fruit sugar or milk sugar, or dozens of other sugars, all of them related more or less. All sugars are more or less sweet: that is one of their most characteristic prop- _ erties; though none of them even distantly approaches saccharine in sweetness. Saccharine, which is several hundred times as sweet as any of the sugars, is not a sugar at all, but is obtained from work- ing up coal tar. Despite its much greater sweetness, few of us ever use saccharine, because the body derives no-heat value from it. But in dealing with sugar, no matter what the sugar is, we deal with a substance that is really a very valuable food. The average weekly consumption of sugar is about two pounds, representing some 8000 calories in food value. Several professors at the University of Minnesota have just published a method for deter- mining the relative sweetness of the va- rious sugars, and they find that if the sweetness of cane sugar be represented by 100, fruit sugar becomes 173, grape sugar 74, and milk sugar 16.

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26 ‘Many Dangers 4 March, 1926 The interesting discovery is now made that fruit sugar, found in many fruits and particularly in honey, is more than 14% times as sweet as our ordinary table sugar. As might be expected, several enterpris- ing manufacturers are already dreaming of a profitable market for fruit sugar. —_— A Quart a Day ILK, we have been told of late years, is one of the most valuable of foods; most valuable because, more than any other food, it contains the ele- ments so necessary to life and wellbeing. Relatively few of us, despite this view, ‘seem to drink enough of it. Professor Sherman, of Columbia University, who probably knows more about milk than any other person living, has come to this important conclusion: children from the days of infancy to the ages of 14 or 15 should never receive less than a quart of milk each day if they are to grow to vigorous manhood; ; “‘and,” he adds significantly enough, in his report to the World’s Dairy Congress, “the quart a day had better be extended to all ages.” How We Rank N SCIENCE we're trailing along at the end of the parade, says Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover. In industrial research, applying known scientific facts, we are at the front with the best of them, but we fall behind when it comes to dis- covering basic facts for ourselves. “Instead of leading all other countries in the advancement of fundamental scien- tific knowledge,” he says, “the United States occupies a position far in the rear of the majority of European nations. A list of the awards of the Nobel prizes to men of various nationalities reveals the small proportion of first minds that we support. Other tests lead to the same conclusion, namely, that the number of first rank investigators developed in the United States is far below what our population, education, and wealth would lead one to expect.” Themoney setaside for research in pure science in this coun- try is less than $10,- 000,000, one-tenth of what we spend on cosmetics. Secretary Hoover terms this “absurdly small.” Any one reading the list of Nobel prize Winners below will be inclined to agree with Mr. Hoover and un- doubtedly will be sur- prised to find that even little Holland, Belgium, and Den- mark are ahead of the United States. The Nobel Prize is by far the highest onor that can come to a man of science. tisarecognition that POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY he belongs to the class of immortals. Profes- sor van Klooster, of the Rensselaer Polytechnic in Troy, has classified the Nobel Prize win- ners in chemistry, phys- ics, and medicine ac- cording to the country from which they hail; and he finds that Ger- many heads the list with 24; then follow in order France (12), Eng- land (11), Holland (6), United States (4), Den- mark (3), Sweden (3), Switzerland (2), Can- ada (2), Belgium (1), Spain (1), Italy (1), and Russia (1). These Pampered Germs Require Dainty Dishes Iron Necessary to Life In the laboratories of the U. S. Department of Agriculture certain rare germs are propagated for experimental purposes. They have to be fed with foods that contain egg elements, alcohol, etc. A special chef concocts their dainty dishes. In the photograph Chef T THE mention of the word “iron” most people immediately think of the tons and tons of iron ore in the North- west, of the tons and tons of coal in Penn- sylvania, of how the iron ore and coal are brought together to give us iron and steel and the kind of world we live in today. We seldom think of a form of iron that we human beings and all animals must have if we are to live at all; and yet, whenever a man cuts himself in shaving, he sees a red liquid that owes its color to the fact that it contains iron. This red liquid, this hemoglobin, this iron-con- taining compound, is as necessary to life as the very air we breathe. When we have too little of this pre- cious fluid, we become pale, and the doc- tor refers to us as “‘anemic.”” He used to **Brass Brain”’ Tells Tides in Any Port In the laboratory of the Coast and Geodetic Survey at Washington there is in constant use a device, said to do the work of 60 mathemati- cians, called the ‘‘ Brass Brain.’”” This machine can predict what the tides will be in any seaport in the world at any time—tomorrow or a 100 years from tomorrow. Its predictions have proved to be nearly 100 per cent perfect in the daily use to which it now is being put in Washington William Garrett is making beef tea for these pampered parasites give us tonics containing iron, in the hope that the latter might take the place of the missing iron in the body. But it is interesting and important to note, from the most recent studies by eminent Amer- ican physicians and food chemists, that less and less stock is being placed in tonics containing iron and more and more in foods containing iron. The specialists tell us that the yolk of egg, beans, wheat, beef, nuts, prunes, and spinach are among the foods rich in iron. “Skim Milk’’ Products HEN you remove cream or butter fat from milk, so that butter and ice cream may be manufactured, you have left what is known as “skim milk.” At present, something like 22,000 million pounds of skim milk are produced annually in this country. Until recently this enormous quantity of mate- rial was considered little less of a waste than at one time was the coal tar, out of which we now get all the dyes and drugs on the market. Skim milk contains, among other things, casein, a protein and a valuable food. This same casein is now being put to some remarkable indus- trial uses. It is used for coat- ing paper, for making glue, for making paints, ‘in the printing of wallpaper and fabrics, and in the manufac- ture of a substitute for horn, celluloid, and hard rubber. Niepce, who is known as the father of photography, made. his first camera from a cigar box and lenses borrowed from his grandfather’s solar micro- scope.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19, They Lighten New Ways in Which Aler| From Novel Broom-Mop; Speeds Up Glass Washing The ingenious device at the left wil] be welcomed in the home where there are many glasses to be washed, While the ordinary brush made for the purpose will do excellent work on the inside of the glass, this novel utensil has the advantage of wash. ing inside and outside at one time, It is fitted with twin bristle brushes and extends from one single handl: This Chopper Fits the Bowl Some choppers are too small for your chop- ping bowl, some are too large. But the worst is the one which curves too much or too little. Here is a chopper curved to fit its own bowl exactly, and so save energy as well as temper Makes the ‘‘Real’’ Marcel A “real’? marcel—the flat, professional- looking kind instead of the casual wave of the usual home marcel—is produced by this new electric marcel iron. The iron is so grooved and hinged that the wave is back and forth instead of : up and down. The : heating element can- not become too hot No Paraffin for this Preserve Jar Self-Service Whisk Broom With the whisk broom shown above, you can brush your own coat after it is already on you, without calling the family to help. The handle is at right angles to the bristles. Such a device is also convenient for brushing down stairs No paraffin or sealing wax is required with this new preserve jar. Metal clasps snap down over top, holding down the lid. The bottle will become air tight when ordinary pressure from both clasps has been applied Bathroom Soap Pulverizer To cut soap waste in the bathroom, a simple soap pulverizer, shown at the right, has been devised. It turns a cake of soap into powdered form as it is needed. The cake of soap is dropped into the container, and the turning of the handle pulverizes it It Seals—and Opens—Bottles Bottle opener and cap in one, that is the ingenious device shown above. The cap is rubber lined and closes the bottle her- metically, keeping the ‘“‘fizz’’ in the mineral water indefinitely. The other end is the opener An Auto Tea for Two Everything needed for tea for two is contained in this attractive auto- mobile tea case, even the alcohol fuel for boiling the water. One side of the case lets down to form a little serving table. Attached to the lid are recep- tacles for spoons an a small sugar container For Crushing Ice If you ever have ruined a towel trying to crush ice in it, you will appreciate the heavy can- vas bag, illustrated at the right, devised for this purpose. A draw string at one end prevents the small particles of ice from es- caping. The bag will stand the heavy blows of a hammer with- out tearing the strong material 10 No)! Keepi tles is days | soluti It fit bottle cover. Fas ab!

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h, 1%, ert Ds ng ; will here shed, © for work ovel fash. ‘ime, shes ndle Two for ned 1to- ven for Ine lets ttle hed ep- and ner | Homemakers Cut Drudgery, to Self-Sterring Teapots No Specks in this Milk Keeping dust out of milk bot- tles is no small problem in these days of soft coal fueling. One solution is this new bottle top. It fits the neck of any milk bottle and makes an airtight cover. To open it, you press the spring lightly with the thumb Novel Lemon Squeezer for the Tea Table If you prefer lemon to cream with your tea, you will ap- preciate the novel individual ? lemon squeezer at the left. It will help keep your fingers from getting unnecessarily sticky, and save the tea nap- kins from lemon juice stains March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Woman’s Job> More Space in the Icebox The pans shown above are intended for refrigerator use. The manufacturer has devised a square aluminum pan with a flat lid, because this type of utensil takes up the minimum amount of room in an icebox, and, it is claimed, largely eliminates the danger of spilling food in the refrigerator Mop or Broom—as You Like It Above is a practical device for converting your broom into a mop. You simply slip the bag over the broom, and one handle thus serves for two implements. advantage. When continued use has made it dirty, you can remove the bag and wash it This mop has another A Self-Stirring Teapot All tea devotees know that tea should be stirred after the leaves have been left to steep. With the ordinary pot, you have to remove the lid and use aspoon. This one has a knob in the lid that does the stirring For ‘‘Her’’ of the Bobbed Head Fashions in bobbed hair have resulted in the mvention of an electric safety razor, to en- able women to trim the neck quickly and safely A Cooking Pot that Saves Your Food and Hands A Plate to Keep Baby’s Food Hot The baby’s food can be kept warm for a considerable time in the attrac- tive plate shown in the above photo. The plate, or dish, fits into a metal Container which, in the picture, is being filled with hot water from a kettle. The lid that comes with this handy plate also helps kcep the food warm The pot shown above has a base made of nickel-plated steel which not only pre- vents scorching, but keeps the food warm after turning out the flame. The per- forated top prevents boiling over, and you can pour boiling hot liquids out of the pot without even removing the cover Thief Can’t Pry this Key Away To the left is pictured a new anti-burglar device. If you slip this little wire con- trivance over the door knob, the inventor claims, it will prevent burglars from push- ing the key out of the lock or turning it while in the keyhole. Photo shows how the device is placed over the door knob

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How to Be a Weather Fan A Fascinating New Radio Hobby By Joun CARR hear a station a thousand miles away on your radio receiving set? If the hunt for distant stations has begun to bore you, you may get a new “kick” from radio weather observation. Hundreds of fans in every part of the country are beginning to manifest interest in efforts to solve one of Nature’s most mysterious secrets—the connection be- tween the weather and radio reception. Why do signals fade out and then re- appear with full volume? Why can’t you hear a distant station as strongly tonight as you did last night? What causes static, and is there any way to prevent it? Just what has the weather to do with radio reception, anyway? The search for the answers to these questions is the basis for a fascinating and growing new hobby—one that car- ries with it the possibility of discoveries of untold value to radio and to science. The United States Weather Bureau has already been studying weather conditions in connection with radio reception. Sev- eral corporations, connected directly or indirectly with the radio industry, also are giving the problem thought. But, of course, its solution requires thousands of individual observations, and it is in sup- plying these that the individual experi- menter and listener-in can participate. 1D YOU still get a thrill when you M. HERRICK, of Rochester, N.Y., « has prepared an analysis of the results of many nights of listening-in and of the relation between prevailing weather con- ditions, as shown by the United States Weather Bureau reports, and his recep- tion. He has found, apparently, that there is a connection between atmospheric pressure in the areas lying between the broadcasting station and the receiving set. But, Mr. Herrick says, it will take a great deal more observation before defi- nite rules can be formulated to predict with any degree of accuracy the possi- bilities of reception. Getting started in this fascinating hobby is exceedingly simple. First you take a sheet of paper and rule it off as chown in the two charts on these pages. Then you study the afternoon edition of the paper and jot down the necessary infor- mation about the temperature, metric pressure, and the humidity of the air. After that you tune in as many sta- tions as you care to. Each time you hear a station, jot down how loud it is, whether there is any fading, and anything else date. Then, when arrangements have that seems unusual about the reception from that particular station, as compared with the reception at other times when you have heard it. HEN you de- cide to shut off your set, paste the weather map clipped from the paper at the bottom of your log- sheet. That’s all there is to it. No expense at all, unless you hap- pen to take it into your head to be your own weatherobserver, too, in which case you will need instruments. But, of course, your work can be just as complete and valu- able if you depend en- tirely on the daily paper for observa- tions. The whole matter of the concerted study of the effect of the weather on radio re- ception is so new, that as yet no definite arrangements have been made to assem- ble the reports from radio weather fans for mass study. It is possible, however, that a department of the United States Weather Bureau will take up this work. If POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY When Reception Was Good March, 19, not, a number of radio fans who have been active along these lines may organize an bare- association to carry on the investigations, In any event, your job as a radio weather fan will be to keep your log. sheets as accurately and completely. as possible and file them away according to RADIO WEATHER REPOR? Date Tyranch 2 erry Aachester type of set Leader purgusney State Vtew York. antenna _/07 Leek 4o feed 4edh, Time Station ‘Temperature Weather Pressure i, Name of Observer Address Rumidi Static Fading Remarks pases tom AVEATI Ly ae ew ee 4] 3 Here and on the opposite page are a few typical radio weather re- ports. Each wavy line on the map represents a different atmospheric pressure and runs through regions where that pressure prevails

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1» 1925, been Ze an ‘ions, radio log- ly as ng to have March, 1926 been completed for an organized survey of results, you will be pre- pared to turn over a considerable amount of data to those author- ized to direct the investigation. Further announcements along this line will be made in PoPpuULAR Scrence Montuty or will be sent to you by mail if you will send in your name and address to the Radio Editor stating that you have taken up the study of radio weather. OU will gain an idea of the startling possibilities of this useful new scientific hobby, when you study the logsheets repro- duced here. The one on the left- hand page was made by Mr. Herrick on a night that turned out to be extraordinarily good for radio reception. If you compare that sheet closely with this other one below, facing it, which was made on a poor night, you will see that good radio reception appears to be mostly from directions at right angles to the wavy lines drawn through localities where atmospheric pressure is the same. This seems to be true, at least, from these two logsheets; but it cannot be laid down as a general rule until a study is made of records taken by operators of radio receivers of various types connected to short and long antennas, in different parts of the country on the same night. When Reception Was Poor Reading the Weather Your newspaper will give you the daily weather measurements, but they also can be read with a barom- eter, thermometer, and hygrometer POPULAR SCIENCE MONTPLY You will want to know, of course, just what the lines on a weather map indicate, so that you can study your own results and see if you can find out for yourself any relation between the weather and radio reception. But before you can understand what the lines mean, you must know what the various weather measurements are and how they are made, from the ther- mometer and from the barometer. You don’t need to be told what a ther- mometer is—you probably have several around your home already. The ther- mometer indicates the temperature, and RADIO WEATHER REPOR? City IPockh tsi, vate Pearoh 10 Type of Set Rader. the notation of the temperature at the time of your radio reception is impor- tant. Those - black lines State Pit Yorks Time Station Weather Pressure Name of Cbserver Accress 42 “ antenna 100 ff. 40 fh Aighe Static on the weather map indicate barometric pressure. Each line represents a certain pressure, and is drawn through points on the map where that pres- sure is noted on the day the map is made. ECAUSE of the winds and the expansion caused by sunlight, the air pres- sure at any given Lo epi apse Wee ta A point on the earth’s “AF awem se AUNT MEADIER MARK 9° 8 PP ie | surface is shifting con- ~ eal 4171 | teat Tow - by stantly. Weather eee hs yee Hd Tso ge forecasters can tell by a lar } 1 changes in the air pressure which way storms are moving, and this information may become impor- tant in forecasting the conditions which are conducive to good radio reception. The original barom- eter, the instrument which measures the pressure of the air, The observer who made these reports found that when the radio Signals crossed regions of different atmospheric pressures, distant Teception was better than when they paralleled the pressure lines consisted of a long glass tube closed at one end, filled with 61 mercury, and then in- verted and set in a small container also filled with mercury. Air pressure at sea level will support a column of mercury only slightly over 30 inches high, and of course any change in the air pres- sure will show up imme- diately in the height of the mercury. This type of barometer is so simple that any radio fan can make one for himself. Almost all elementary books on physics give sufficient details for con- struction. Many types of modern ba- rometers are made so that any change in air pressure moves a diaphragm that cov- ers a tightly sealed chamber. This motion is multiplied by gearing or levers so that it can be made to move a pointer around a dial. The: third weather measurement is the determination of the relative humidity. In plain words, that means to find out how damp the air is. The instrument used for determining humidity is called the hy- grometer, but it is much simpler than its name would indicate. You know, of course, that the evaporation of water reduces the temperature of the remaining water. That’s why a wet bathing suit is so cold. It explains, too, why you feel so hot and uncomfortable in hot, damp weather—the perspiration refuses to evaporate and cool you off, because the air is so damp it takes up moisture very slowly. HE ordinary hygrometer consists of two plain thermometers. Around the bulb of one is wrapped a piece of wick-like cloth, one end of which is placed in a little cup filled with water. The wet cloth cools the bulb of the thermometer in proportion to the amount of dampness in the air. By noting the difference between the temper- atures indicated by the two thermometers and looking up this figure on a specially prepared table, you can read off the hu- midity. Just what effect damp air has on radio reception from distant stations is one of the things radio weather fans are trying to find out. Thus far no conclusive infor- mation on the subject has been obtained, or at least made public. You have probably listened to your radio receiver on many hot, damp nights during summer. Usually the local stations, at least, are loud enough to drown the static. But do you remember the summer night when you idly twirled the dials and a distant station came booming in with mid-winter volume? You were astounded at the unexpected reception. And there were nights last winter when you couldn't hear a thing no matter what you did. Some day we are going to know the reason why radio behaves so. You do not have to become a night owl to be a full-fledged radio weather fan. Whatever you are able to do will be a help toward solving the mysteries of radio weather, even if you are able to devote only a night or two a week to making a careful radio weather log.

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62 New Airplane Radio The remarkable new type of airplane radio transmitter above has a power of 400 watts and can be used for phone or telegraph. It has a range of 100 miles for telephone work. Its telegraph signals can be heard foradistance of 350 miles Heard in Every State Students of the Brooklyn Technical High Schcol have built an amateur transmitting station that is so highly effi- cient its signals have been heard in every state. A single five-watt tube is used. Several shelves hold the apparatus, as in the illustration below Head phones and loudspeakers are built with coils of very fine wire. The remarkable machine at the right winds the tiny magnet coils with fine wire traveling at the enormous speed of 60 miles an hour, without damaging wire or insulation. It operates automatically Marvelous High Speed Coil Winder POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ew Products of Radio Genius| March, 19, Doorbell Batteries for B Supply For elaborate receiving and amplifying equipment installed (above) in the Cor- nell Club in New York, a large number of ordinary 114-volt dry cells were connected in series to supply the plate voltage, in- stead of the conventional dry cell or storage B batteries Copper Tubing in Huge Variometer Resembling the ordinary small variometers, such as are used in radio receivers, this huge piece of apparatus is employed in a powerful radio trans. mitter. Because of the large amount of current it carries, the coil is wound of copper tubing, as shown Novel Fittings for Radio Masts For radio fans who experience difficulty in erecting a mast on the roof for the radio antenna, the special fittings shown at the left have been designed to make the job a simple one, and to provide strong supports Simple Indicator Tests Broadcast Waves The radio laboratory of the U. S. Bureau of Standards recently has designed an ex- ceedingly simple frequency indicator, shown above, for use by transmitting stations. The need for very careful regulation of the wave length is great, because when @ broadcasting station trans- mits on a wave a few cycles off its assigned frequency, serious interference with the programs of other broad- casting stations often results Mar« an — a | |

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ch, 19, March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 63 How to Use Radio eter S, such iece of . trans. rent it | Shown lasts ulty in 2 radio at the > job a Pports Half a dozen different types of B battery eliminators being prepared for test by the Popular Science Institute of Standards. The Institute tests are rigid and include life tests for the rectifying element; also determination of maximum output, voltage, and absence of hum the design and manufacture of B battery eliminators now gives you three possible sources of supply for the current to operate the plate circuit of your vacuum tubes. You can use dry cell B batieries, storage B batteries or one of the wonderful new B_ battery eliminators now on the market; and even the expert can not tell which is being used on your set, so far as results are concerned, This means that you can substitute a B battery eliminator for the batteries you now are using without sacrificing either volume or quality. Of course you cannot expect to get better results with a B battery eliminator than Tie REMARKABLE progress in to run a one or two tube radio set with a B battery eliminator, but the big advan- tage of the eliminator comes when it is used with radio receivers having five or more tubes. This is because the larger sets ordinarily require at least 90 volts from the B battery and the current drain is much greater than with the small one or two tube set. Figure 4 on the next page shows the three sources of high voltage direct cur- rent now available. At the left is a stand- ard style of heavy duty, 45 volt dry cell B battery. Two of these in series will run the average five tube radio set for from five to eight months, depending on B Eliminators Any Wall Plug Will Serve You as Well as a Good Battery By Atrrep P. LANE the number of hours it is used each day. In the center is a popular type of storage B battery consisting of 24 cells. Two of these batteries in series will give you 96 volts and with care they will last for five years or more. Such a battery requires regular charging at intervals of every two weeks and refilling with dis- tilled water every two or three months. At the right is a typical B battery elim- inator. ‘These instruments supply 90 volts or more for the amplifier circuits, and an adjustable voltage for the detector tube. ANY people cannot see why it is impossible to plug directly into their 110-volt house current to run their radio sets, just as they would for a vacuum cleaner or electric iron; nor do they understand what the B eliminator does to this current to make it usable for radio purposes. Perhaps the simplest explanation is to point out that the sounds you hear com- ing from the loudspeaker are reproduc- tions of variations in the electric current flowing through the ‘coils you now get with good batteries, for batteries— either dry cell or storage —give perfect current for radio uses. The big ad- vantage of the eliminator that works from your house current is, of course, in cutting out the troubles you now have with run- down dry cells or the con- stant recharging necessary inside it. And in order to produce recognizable mu- sic and speech, it is neces- sary to have a perfectly even flow of current on which to impress these variations. The ordinary 110-volt current supplied to most of our homes is of the alternating type. Instead of being a smooth and constant current it with a storage type of B battery. It is entirely possible NO VOLT ALTERNATING CURRENT RECTIFYING STEP-UP TUBE TRANSFORMER | Fig. 1—Six kinds of modern rectifying tubes used in B eliminators. They are of two general types. Some operate by means of a heated filament; others, being operated without filament, utilize the ionization properties of a special gas CHOKE CONDENSER. CHOKE PUATATTAVATANATAVavapAVAVACaVAUata"a"a "ats aacamnen CONDENSER flows back and forth, so that there are usually 60 complete cycles or changes VARIABLE HIGH RESISTANCE FIXED RESISTANCE | I | | | | | | CONDENSER /UUUYUUUU | RECTIFIER Fig. 2—This diagram shows how the different parts of a B battery eliminator are connected, and their functions in changing the 110 volt alternating house current into a smooth, even supply cf direct current FILTER | ! | \ 1 \DETECTOR VOLTAGE REDUCER for the radio set. At the bottom of the drawing is a graphic illustration of how the electric current is changed by the rectifier, filter, and voitage reducer. Each manufacturer incorporates his own ideas in this circuit

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64 each second. In other words, each of the supply wires becomes alternately positive and then negative some 60 times a second. What chance would you have to hear the relatively slight changes produced by the radio signals if they were impressed on a current violently fluctuating from positive to nega- tive? None at all, for the broad- casting would be completely lost in the terrific 60 cycle hum. The function of the B battery eliminator is, first, to change the al- ternating supply to a pulsating di- rect current, and then to smooth out the pulsations so that a perfectly smooth, even supply of direct current is available at the binding posts of the instrument. How this is done by the B battery eliminator is shown in Fig. 2. dete will note in Fig. 2 that a graphic representation of what happens to the electric current is shown at the bottom of the drawing. The current flowing out of the elec- tric light plug is shown as a snake-like line indicating thé result if the volt- age variation were plotted with the straight line representing zero volt- age. The first operation in any type of eliminator is to convert this alter- nating current to a pulsating direct current. Usually the alternating cur- POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY It’s Simple to Install March, 19%, The eliminators using electrolytic cells to rectify the current give ag perfect service as the tube types jf they use the new tantalum-aciq combination in the cells. The ele. ments of the cells last indefinitely and the only attention they require is the addition of a small amount of distilled water at very long intervals, It is possible for the experimen. tally inclined radio fan to construct g good B battery eliminator using one of the remarkable new rectifying tubes, but the individual parts such as transformers, choke coils and con. densers necessary to make up a satis. factory eliminator will cost you as much as a complete factory-built in. strument. This means that home construction along these lines will be restricted to enthusiasts who prefer to build their own simply for the pleasure of the work involved. = choosing a B battery eliminator all you need to know is the cur. rent consumption and the voltage requirements of your radio set, and then be sure to pick out an eliminator capable of supplying the amount of current you need at the voltage Fig. 3—Simple installation of a B battery eliminator. Simply connect wires between the binding posts of the radio receiver and those of the eliminator, and plug the eliminator into wall socket. At right is seen the A bat- tery. Acable holds all leads for battery and eliminator rent is stepped up by means of a transformer to a some- what higher voltage and then it is fed into a special tube that rectifies it, or the rectification is accomplished with electrolytic cells that permit current to flow through them in only one direction. The next step is to feed this pulsating direct cur- rent into a filter system, consisting of a number of very high capacity con- densers and one or more choke coils. The function of the choke coils is to resist changes in the rate of flow of the current passing through them with- out materially interfering with the flow of current that is not changing in amount. In other words, the choke coils act like springs in that they add voltage to the circuit as the supply voltage drops, and subtract voltage as the supply voltage increases. So the combination of the reservoir. action of the large condensers with the balancing effect of the choke coils finally results in a smooth flow of direct current suitable for use instead of B batteries in your radio set. HE remaining function of the B battery eliminator is to by-pass part of the current in such a way that a lower voltage is available for use on the detec- tor tube. All good eliminators are so built that the detector voltage can be varied within adequate limits. Some of them also provide for a variable amplifier voltage. There is nothing particularly new about the filter end of the circuit in a B battery eliminator. The marvelous new developments that have made B battery eliminators practical for the radio fan are all in tie rectifying Left to right: Fig. 4—Three different sources of plate circuit supply are shown here. end of the circuit. Today we have rectifying tubes capable of rectifying sufficient current to operate the largest of radio receivers and these tubes have an extremely long life. Fig. 1 shows a number of modern rec- tifying tubes, which can be divided into two general classes. One general type, of which the tube at the extreme right is a popular example, operates by means of a heated filament. At the left end of the picture is an example of the class of tubes which operate without any filament at all. These utilize the ionization proper- ties of a special gas to obtain the rectify- ing action. Both kinds give equally good results in circuits designed to take care of their particular characteristics. The filament types give up to 1,500 hours of service, or more hours than the most ardent radio fan is likely to run his set during a year. HE average life of the filamentless type of tube is not definitely known. On test, such tubes have run more than 10,000 hours under full load with no ap- parent falling off in output. Others have given out in less than that time for rea- sons ordinarily traceable to some flaw. Standard heavy duty, 45 volt dry cell B battery; popular type of storage B battery consisting of 24 cells, and B battery eliminator necessary for proper operation. And if you know nothing about these features, the dealer from whom you bought your receiver or the manu- facturer will be glad to inform you. Of course, there are poor B battery eliminators on the market just as there are poor radio receivers. Thus it will pay you to obtain the list of apparatus ap- proved by the Popular Science Institute of Stand- ards. This list includes the _ names of the various B bat- tery eliminators that have been tested and approved. The Institute tests include operation of the eliminator on a number of typical radio receivers, as well as scientific tests to make sure the rectifying end of the eliminator will give a sufhi- ciently long life. HE installation of the average B bat- tery eliminator is extremely simple. Fig. 3 shows a typical arrangement. Here the radio receiver is fitted with a battery cable that includes all the leads for both the A and B batteries. All that is necessary is to connect wires between the binding posts of the radio receiver and those on the eliminator. Now turn on the current from your A battery so that the tubes are lighted properly and then turn on the B eliminator by plugging in the wall socket and turning the switch if one is built into the eliminator. Now tune your set as usual. As soon as you have a station tuned adjust the detector voltage knob on the B eliminator until the signals are as loud and clear as possible. If the B eliminator also includes a method of ad- justing the amplifier voltage, try chang- ing this and leave the adjustment where the voltage is as low as possible consistent with full volume and tone. : When you stop using the set it is al- ways a wise precaution to disconnect the eliminator before you shut off the tubes. Mar

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are ae eee an a. Marca, 1926 Novel Auto Tools and Fitt Condenser Saves Alcohol When your motor gets hot during a warm spell in winter, the alcohol boils off rapidly. This little con- denser, designed to take the place of the ordinary radiator thermometer, turns the alcohol vapor into liquid and returns it to the radiator for use POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY os Handy Lamp-Door Remover Every motorist who has struggled with an auto headlight door that has rusted in place will appreciate the value of this novel device in renewing a burned-out bulb. After placing the key on the dia- metrically opposed rivet heads, one hand is placed on either end and the door is easily removed with a twisting motion Socket Wrench Works in Any Position Many of the nuts and bolts on automobiles are difficuit and sometimes impossible to get at with ordinary wrenches. The bolts holding the cap on the fourth connecting rod of the Ford is a typical example. The swivel action of the handle of this new wrench makes tight- ening this particular bearing a simple job. It is also useful on cylinder head bolts, water Circulation outlets, main bearings and rim nuts Ingenious Lamp Keeps Motor Warm Wrench Holds by Cam Action This remarkable new wrench is so con- structed that the harder you pull on the handle the tighter it grips the nut. The jaw is arranged to handle any size nut with its grip of from 14 inch to 1 inches Although this special lamp burns gasoline, it cannot catch fire, and even so drastic a test as pouring liquid gasoline over the lamp while it is lighted resuits only in putting the lamp out. It is made in three sizes capable of keeping the average motor from 20 to 60 degrees warmer than the surrounding air temperature Ventilation Without Drafts This device, fitted at the top of the side window, draws out stale air and forces in a fresh supply. Ventilation is impor- tant for closed cars in winter, znd this device provides it without causing drafts Pencil Tests Spark Plugs While there are many devices now on the market for use in testing spark plugs, the difficulty with most of them is that they are used so infrequently that they are misplaced and cannot be ‘found when wanted. This new inven- tion eliminates this difficulty by com- bining a spark plug testing bulb with a high grade pencil of the refill type Simple Tool Hooks Chains Quickly Chains should be run loose enough so that they will ’ creep around on the tire, yet it is sometimes hard to pull them tight enough to make the hooks engage. The powerful leverage of this new tool does it easily Thief Alarm Blows the Horn This novel device can be installed in any out-of-the-way corner on the automobile where the auto thief will overlook it. It is connected in the horn circuit, and when set for action, the slightest motion or jar sets it off and the horn blows, attracting atten- tion to the thief, or frightening him away

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66 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 192% hen Your Ignition Goes Bad Gus Explains Why Spark Plugs Foul, and Why It Pays to Carry a Spare Condenser in Your Car sé ERE is the most re- markable spark plug in the world!” asserted the salesman, as he swung his sample case up on the corner of Joe Clark’s desk and opened the cover with a flourish. “Can't foul—gives the hot- test kind of a spark— never breaks down— lasts forever— and you can sell it at a good profit.” He shoved a couple of shiny plugs into Joe’s hand. “They look good,” observed Joe, as he examined them. “Are they guaranteed not to foul?” ‘**Absolutely!’’ stated the salesman with much emphasis. “They're positively self-cleaning. See the peculiar shape of the recess back of the points? That shoots the exploding gas across the points and sweeps away any and all carbon.” Ordinarily, Joe consulted with Gus Wilson, his partner in the Model Garage, about any additions to their mechanical stock, but as Gus was out and so was the stock of spark plugs, he decided to take a chance. * All right,” he said after his inspection was completed. “Tl take two dozen.” HALF hour later, Gus drove into the garage with the car he had gone out to test. The engine was missing badly, and blue smoke puffed out of the exhaust in great clouds. “Hey, Joe! Bring out a handful of spark plugs!’ he sang out, as he snapped off the ignition, and the engine died with a final spurt of smoke that rolled slowly across the floor in the form of a huge ring. “Here you are,” said Joe, as he popped out of his little office with some of the new spark plugs in his hand. “These will cure the trouble. I just bought ’em, and the salesman guaranteed them not to foul.” ‘““Guaranteed ’em, did he?’ Gus growled. “Well, here’s where you have a chance to collect, ll bet. This motor is a regular oil gusher.” As soon as Gus had the new plugs screwed up tight, he started the motor and it proceeded to run per- fectly without a skip. “'They’re the real thing all right, eee] Be | aie ‘ 6 4 Pee . aoe ; The salesman told Joe that his “self-cleaning” spark plugs were guaranteed not to foul, —an extravagant claim which Gus soon proved to be “‘bunk’’ when he placed them in an engine in which the cylinder rings were passing oil and found they fouled like others *“Humph!” Gus grunted as though he had not heard. “That proves it’s not valves sticking. It was running so rotten, I thought maybe the valves were on the blink. The trouble is the piston rings are passing oil, all right. Just wait a minute and watch what happens to your wonderful guaranteed plugs.” The partners stood there watching, as the motor continued to purr smoothly. Even the smoking became less and Joe’s satisfied grin broadened. Then suddenly the motor skipped an explosion. The skip became more frequent and at last two cylinders cut out completely, so Gus snapped off the ignition. “Now try to get your money back from that salesman!’ said Gus, as he aren't they?” exclaimed Joe, with a satisfied smile. Morrison thought condensers were only for radio sets until Gus took him to his test bench and showed him how a broken-down condenser caused his auto engine to stall By Martin Bunn ‘ shoved the two badly j sacs fouled plugs into Joe’s hand. “Don’t let any high pressure hot air artist tell you there js such a thing as a real non-fouling plug, There ain’t no such animal. So long as the piston rings are letting too much oil get by, and the heat of the explosions is cooking the extra oil into tarry soot and baking ‘it into hard carbon, you can bet your last dollar that any plug in the world is going to lay down and quit on the job. Any good plug is a non-fouling plug if it’s screwed into a cylinder that is per- forming properly. “*All that stuff about special cham- bers that shoot the soot off the points is pure bunk, because the soot that gets on the points is not what puts the plug on the bum. It’s the coating of carbon that forms on the insulator around the center point.” Joe’s face registered extreme disgust, as he retreated to his office without saying a word, Batis sates US started to work on the car again, but he had only succeeded in ar- ranging the tool kit to his satisfaction when the roar of a motor sounded outside the door, followed by a vigorous thump- ing that rattled that sturdy piece of woodwork on its hinges. Gus flung the door open and found old man Morrison with his foot swung back, just ready to deliver another hearty kick. Morrison, who was reputed to have a purse as long as his temper was obviously short, dropped his foot to the ground and turned to shut off the ignition of his five-thousand-dollar gas buggy. “The gosh-hanged, dad-blamed, confounded piece of junk!” he snorted apoplectically. “The blankety-blank thing stopped every time I let it slow down, and twice I had to get out and crank it to make it go again. Look her over and see what in blazes is the matter!” “You say you had to crank it a couple of times, Mr. Morrison?” “That’s what I said!’ Morrison answered testily. “‘And once was right in the middle of Main Street —the traffic was all balled up be- fore I got it started.” (Continued on page 156)

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Storesdisplaying this sign carry a full line of Johnson’s Artistic Wood Finishes. They will gladly give you a Free copy Johnson 25c, Bi on Wood Fintshing. . Vhe ROPER TREATMENT FOR FLOORS WOODWORK and FURNITURE PRICE 25¢ ashing Auth RACINE Wis U. mo SC. mons QHNSON & SON POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY The FINISH ill Make or Mar Your Handicraft =x The Johnson Finishes are RIGHT and EASY x T’S the finish that counts, after all. No matter how skillfully you make home-made furniture, it takes the right kind of finishing to give that of the Book most popular of which are: professional touch that makes you proud of your craftsmanship. You will want the new Johnson Book on Wood Finishing. Gives com- plete instructions for finishing all kinds of woods—hard or soft—old or new. Tells how to stain wood artistically—everything you want to know about wood finishing. It’s Free—just use the coupon below. JOHNSON’S WOOD DYE With Johnson’s Wood Dye inexpensive soft woods such as pine, cypress, fir, birch, etc., can be finished so they areas beautiful and artistic as expensive hard woods. Comes in oil and spirit in 17 beautiful shades, among the No. 123—Dark Oak No. 129—Dark Mahogany No. 127—Brown Mahogany No. 131— Walnut No. 126—Light Oak No. 124—Golden Oak Johnson’s Wood Dye is easy to apply. It goes on smoothly and will not rub off or smudge. Penetrates deeply, bringing out the beauty of the grain. Dries ready for the finish coat in four hours. FREE ~ this valuable book Get this beautiful 25c Book on Wood Finishing absolutelyF REE. Contains color charts, covering capacities, and hundreds of practical suggestions for the man who wants to make his home more artistic, cheery and inviting. \ S. C. JOHNSON & SON, Dept. P.S.3, Racine, Wis. “The Wood Finishing Authorities’ (Canadian Factory—Brantford) Please send me Free your 25c Instruction Book on Home Beau- tifyinz and Wood Finishing. WAS CROCE SE ics dant sinscannedennsesesxescetsiateipsentedbovstintcoeeeincsunaiestieciaen DC, a ee ee, Lee eee ne eee RNIN No gg sae gah iadasegtactiae © * This seal on , radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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6& POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 192% Ideas You Can Use on Your Car These Ingenious Kinks Will Save You Time and Trouble HE AVERAGE motorist who at- tempts to remove a dent in his fender usually ends up removing the paint as well. In most cases, however, it is possible to remove the dent so that it hardly shows at all and without damag- ing the paint, provided, of course, that the accident which caused the dent did not injure the paint. Fig. 1 shows how to do the job. An ordinary cement sack, filled with sand, forms the support for the part to be re- shaped. A wooden mallet, with a leather face under which is placed a half-pound of lead birdshot is the tool for hammering the sheet metal. In addition, you will need a warming pad, made up of four layers of heavy felt, stitched and soaked in oil. You heat this pad on the stove, using precautions to pre- vent it from taking fire, and then apply it to the dent for a few minutes in order to heat the paint and make it pliable enough so that it will not crack. T IS bad enough to get stuck on the road with a flat tire and without a spare, but it is still worse to find that the tire pump has quit the job. Occasionally the threads that hold the barrel of the pump into the base strip out, making the pump useless. If this happens to you on the road, a simple way to get the pump working again is to dent the lower end of pump barrel as shown in Fig. 2. The dents will force the threads out enough so that they will hold at least until the tire is pumped up. USTY rims are hard on tires. The rust attracts moisture, and the moisture rots the fabric of the tire. Be- sides, it is sometimes very difficult to re- move a tire from a rusty rim, especially if the tire has been in place long enough to allow the roughened surface to adhere tightly to the rubber. Cleaning a rim by the ordinary method of going over the whole surface with sand- paper or emery cloth, is a long and tedious job. Fig. 3 shows an ingen- ious way to let the auto motor do all the work. After the tire is removed, the wheel is jacked up and the motor started and placed in gear. Screen wire nailed to a wooden handle or a piece of emery cloth or sandpaper can be held against the revolving rim until all of the rust has been re- moved. HATTERING and jerky op- Fig. 1—Straightening bent fender with a sand bag and mallet faced with lead shot DENTED Fig. 2—How dents repair the stripped threads of a tire pump inemergency Fig. 4—How one Ford owner pre- vents chattering by dividing brakeband to allow oil space Fig. 6—Ingenious window shade radiator cover (at right) with simple chain adjustmenton dash (above) SCREEN WIRE NAILED TO WOODEN HANDLE QB \ Fig. 3—A quick way to clean a rim with a screen wire brush THIS END DROPS as BY GRAVITY Fig. 5—A simple way to build a garage door stop and catch to make any banging an impossibility using one complete piece, he has cut it into two parts arranged with a gap at the bottom. Extra rivet holes were drilled in the brake band so that the lower ends of the band cannot come loose. Apparently the gap in the lining allows an extra supply of oil to flow into the rubbing surfaces and this, perhaps, is the reason for the reduction in chattering, PRACTICAL and useful arrange. ment for holding the garage door open so that the wind will not blow it shut just as you are driving out or in is shown in Fig. 5. To construct the device, only four pieces of wood and one large nail are needed. A stake is driven into the ground at the point where you wish the door to stop when you open it, and then the wedge-shaped piece of wood is cut as shown in the illustration, and a hole is drilled slightly larger than the nail. The wedge is held in place by the nail driven through two small stakes which are driven into the ground. The wedge and its holders should, of’ course, be low enough so that when the door is opened it rides over the wedge. The latter drops back into place and holds the door until you desire to release it by lifting on the point with your toe. SIMPLE homemade radiator shut- ter cover which gives perfect regu- lation of the flow of air through the radia- tor can be made from an ordinary window shade. The construction is very simple. A window shade roller is cut down to the proper length and the catch or dog at the spring end is removed. Next a piece of auto top or curtain cloth is cut the right length and width to cover the radiator. One end of this piece is tacked to the shade roller and the other is sewn around a piece of wood which will serve to keep it straight. The roller is attached to the bottom of the radiator by means of ordinary shade roll holders or brack- ets riveted to the radiator shell, or a simple bent metal bracket may be made and slipped under the side of the shell as has been done in Fig. 6. The spring should be wound up fairly tight before the roller is set in the brackets. Two flexible wires are attached to the wood strip at the top of the cur- tain and each wire is led through a piece of small tubing at the top of the radiator. About halfway between eration is exceedingly hard on the gears, shafts and bearings of the Ford. Special oils are being sold that stop this chattering to some extent, but some of these oils have a high soap content, the effect of which is questionable as far as lubrication is concerned. One Ford owner has solved the problem to his own satisfaction by changing the brake band lining TEN DOLLARS FOR AN IDEA! EGINNING with our next issue, POPULAR ScrENCE MonrtTu LY will award $10 in cash in addition to regular space rates each month to the person who submits the most ingenious, novel, and useful idea for the motorist. All other pub- lished contributions will be paid for at the usual rates. What little kink have you discovered that makes your motoring more comfortable? the radiator and the dash, these wires converge and are connected to a small chain. This in turn runs back to the instrument board and terminates in a ring. The chain passes through a metal plate prepared by drilling a small hole and filing it into a diamond- shaped opening. This arrange- ment holds the chain by wedging the links, thus enabling you to ad- as shown in Fig. 4. Instead of just the radiator cover.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY i This Wrench asks no Favors in light Places _— PIPE WRENCHES have always been famed as big labor-saving tools — that’s why American industries, mechan- ics, farmers and householders so overwhelmingly favor TRIMO. The NUT GUARDS (which keep this wrench in perfect adjust- ment when the tool is being used in close quarters or laid down) is a wonderful time-saving feature. It enables the operator to keep steadily at his task instead of fiddling around every few minutes to adjust the jaws over the object upon which he is working. The INSERT JAW in the handle (replaceable at small cost — when worn after long service) has given TRIMO economic leader- ship for nearly 40 years, while its Steel Frame that will not break guarantees durability and personal safety. This wrench is made in eight steel handle sizes, 6, 8, 10, 14, 18, 24, 36 and 48 inches; and in four wood handle sizes, 6, 8, 10 and 14 inches. The 10 inch wood handle size makes an ideal house- hold wrench. At all hardware, mill, plumbing and oil-well supply stores. Insist on TRIMO — accept no other. nntecetiaees . TRIMONT MEG. CO. ROXBURY, MASS. This all-steel wrench is 100% drop- forged; has no castings. It is simple, has only three parts, is practically . indestructible, and the strongest by actual test. Seven standard sizes, 6 to 21 inches. Fully guaranteed. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTALY March, 192 uf ICHOLSON FILES Aye?

Interesting, Exercise Is Always Most Healthful You Can Get It With Good Tools ! E best of intentions never kept most of us faithfully doing our daily dozen. We must find exercise that interests the mind while building the body. Health, pleasure and profit can be gained making and repair- ing things in the home work- shop. Doctors and gymnasium instructors agree that working with tools is one of the best “OLS, SEY U.S.A. (TRADE MARK? At all good hardware dealers methods of rebuilding the body by light exercise, and of providing a change from the grind of business. NICHOLSON Files can help do countless jobs in the home repair shop that bring pleasure and health in the doing. Each NICHOLSON File comes to you rigidly tested, and is stand- ard file value for keenness, uniformity and durability. NICHOLSON FILE COMPANY PROVIDENCE, R.1., U.S.A. ©

1S} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page ¢.

Ma | le = < ———— ome

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March, 1926 eagerly into the laboratory to see me the other day. “Mother has some old, worn pieces of furniture that have been in our family a long time,” he began. “I would like very much to fix them up for her and the men told me to come in and ask you about it, Mr. Waring. Will you show me just how to refinish them correctly?” “To be sure I will, Dan,” I said. “‘ You come around at twelve-thirty each day and I will give you part of my noon hour until you can go it alone. How will that do?” “Fine, sir! I certainly will be here. And Jim said he would get the pieces when he went out with the truck.” Sure enough, when 12:30 blew, Dan came in, smiling all over. He had a really fine mirror under his arm and was fol- lowed by Jim with a small cherry table. The mirror had a frame with rosewood outband and crotch mahogany face. “Take your finger and tap every part of the surface like this,” I told him, “and if you hear a tiny snapping sound, then the veneer is loose and must be repaired. D« one of the apprentices, came Gluing loose veneer and clamping on patches (below). Sand bags are used where nec- essary to force the veneer against curved or molded surfaces By Rate G. WARING Specialist in Furniture and Auto Finishes Mr. Waring, a consulting chemical engineer, shows Dan how to do staining. This method of holding a brush allows free finger and wrist motion Now take out the POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Furniture Refinishing Made Easy An Expert Reveals the Secrets You Need to Know when Restoring Antiques mirror and store it in that cupboard.” “Don’t you take off the old finish first, Mr. Waring?” “No, Dan, for then the remover would get down beneath the veneer and make a tot of trouble with our glue work. Then, too, if we get any glue on the old varnish, it will not matter. Saves time, you see. Cutting a veneer patch (above). . The knife is a scraper blade set in a han- dle. Fine saw teeth are filed in the thin, beveled cutting edge. The flat face of the knife is held against the try-square. Note the veneer strips tacked down so that they can be joined with a small strip of paper glued on. In a furniture factory gummed tape like that made for wrapping is used for joining veneers ome Workshop Arthur Wakeling, Editor “We shall patch up the loose pieces first. The glue must be hot and thick enough so that when you put your thumb and first finger into the pot and take them out, the glue will stretch at least 14 in. as you spread finger and thumb slowly apart.” A small piece of tin was used to push the glue under the veneer. The spot then was covered with tin, backed up with a block and well clamped. “How about curved places?” asked Dan as he indicated another loose place. si | Gl THE factory the men use blocks shaped to the same curve, Dan, but we shall take one of these small cloth sacks we use for mailing and fill it nearly full of salt or sand. Now, if the veneer won't lift at that spot, hold a sponge damp with hot water on it or take a piece of wet felt and a hot iron to steam it. That loosens and softens the veneer so that it can be lifted and the glue pushed under. Put a piece of tin over it, lay on the bag, put a block over that, and then clamp so as to force the bag to take the shape of the curve. Let those places set for an hour, then take off the clamps and tin in order that the glue may harden properly overnight.” Dan made a good job of cutting and fitting new veneer stock where the origi- nal veneer was missing. If it had been necessary to put 5 or 6 in. of. new out- band, the veneer strips would have had to be tacked on a board and a piece of paper glued across. This would hold the pieces together so that they could be clamped more easily into place on the band molding. (Continued on page 108)

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72 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 1926 ust What Tools Do You Need? OOD tools delight the heart of every man. To own them gives keen satisfaction, and to put them to work is for the amateur mechanic a fascinating and profitable pastime. In these days of high costs, no house- hold can afford to be without a chest or cabinet well filled with tools. They are essential even if they are made use of only in the small repair jobs that constantly require attention in every home. ‘What tools do I need?”’ is, therefore, a question of immediate and vital interest. Too often one sees a well intentioned home owner painfully and laboriously trying to cut 4 by 4-in. rough chestnut posts for a grape arbor with a fine 18-in. crosscut saw, the teeth of which have little or no “‘set.” The saw may be a costly and splendid tool, designed for the finest cabinet work, but it sticks, binds, and buckles when driven by main strength through green timbers. Conversely, another ama- teur mechanic, in undertak- ing the construction of a bookcase or kitchen cabinet, will attempt to cut up the stock with a large, coarse saw, the teeth of which have been set widely so as to hew their way through rough and heavy boards. It is possible that an expert carpenter could cut the heavy posts with a fine saw without seriously damaging it or wear- ing out his strength, and that he could make reasonably straight and square cuts through expensive finishing lumber with a coarse, heavy saw intended for rough work, but the amateur mechanic cannot do so. It is futile for him to try. He must not only have good tools, but also the right tools for the work in hand. As. the question of what The Jury of William T. Weld Albert S. Peacock tools to buy comes repeatedly from read- ers to the Home Work- shop Editor in all sorts of guises and varia- tions, it was decided to organize a commit- tee or jury of six spe- cialists in this field for the purpose of working out ideal tool assort- ments for the home workshop. Whether you wish to purchase a new outfit or to add to the tools you already own, you will find that the fol- lowing lists will be most helpful. They repre- sent the consensus of opinion of men who have made notable contributions to the Home Workshop Department in the past, and all of whom are acknowledged authorities: William J. Edmonds, Jr., a craftsman and contributor of many woodworking articles to PopULAR SCIENCE MonrTHLY. Emanuel E. Ericson, Head of the Department of Vocational Education and Community Mechanics, State Teachers College, Santa Barbara, Calif., noted manual training authority and contribu- tor of the series on woodworking meth- ods that has been running for many months in the Home Workshop Depart- ment. ° Edwin M. Love, craftsman and spe- cialist in woodworking methods, author of the attic room series now being pub- Emanuel E. Ericson w Edwin M. Love Tool Experts F. E. Tustison William J. Edmonds, Jr. Four Ideal Assortments for the Home Workshop Are Chosen by a Jury of Expert Craftsmen lished in this magazine, and a very well known writer on furniture making. Albert S. Peacock, of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York University, who wrote the article, “Your Tools and Their Care,” ia the September, 1924, issue. F. E. Tustison, Head of the Depart- ment of Science and Home Mechanics of Stout Institute, Menomonie, Wis., author of several standard sets of job sheets, in home mechanics and woodworking that are used very widely in schools through- out the country, and contributor to the Home Workshop. William T. Weld, Shopwork Instructor, Central High School, Peoria, Ill., and con- tributor to this magazine, as well as to various manual training magazines. The first question put before this jury was: What is the best small assortment of tools for doing repair jobs about the house and garden and for simple wood- working—a typical handyman’s set that no household should be without? Four or more votes were cast for each of the following tools: Household Tool Assortment Nail (or claw) hammer, bell face preferred Crosscut (or hand) saw, 24 in. or 26 in. Carpenter’s chisel, socket firmer, bevel edge, 1 in. Bit brace, 8-in. sweep, ratchet preferred Auger bits, 4% and % in. Bit-stock drills for metal, % and % in. (Useful also for wood) Screwdrivers, 4 in. and 8 or 10 in. Combination pliers, 6 or 8 in. Files—saw file, 6 or 7 in.; flat or mill bastard, 8, 10, or 12 in.; auger bit file Jack plane Zigzag folding rule, 4ft. Try-square, 6 or 8 in. Marking gage, wooden Steel (framing) square Pipe wrench, 10 in. Monkey wrench, 10 in. Miter box, wooden Wrecking bar, small Oilstone, artificial, combination Nail set, “6 in. Oil can Half hatchet Cold chisel, % in. Putty knife Several of the jurymen wished additional tools incor- porated in this assortment. Three of them thought a ripsaw necessary, but dis- agreed as to the size, one voting for a 22-in. ripsaw, another for a 24-in., and a third for a 26-in. The remain- ing jurymen, however, felt that whatever ripping had to be done in connection with the average small repair job could be accomplished satis- factorily with a 24- or 26-in. crosscut saw, provided it was sharpened for general work and was not finer than 8 points to the inch. Three of the jurymen desired to include a %-1n. chisel, and two of them thought both 14- and %%-1n. chisels also were necessary. (Continued on page 88) March,

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Ques ook them over —try them The display shows six of our popular Automatic Tools “Read more about them at the bottom of the page t bees is real satisfaction in using good tools. in your hardware store. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY GE i FALLS Mt. ss & AUTOMATIC DRILL No.8! These Millers Falls Auto- matic Tools, for instance—they'll work with you for years and years and never let you down. Do you want to know them—or know them better? Then look for this display It makes it easy for you to inspect them—“‘heft”’ them. They will give you a good idea of the finish, design and working qualities that have built Millers Falls reputation for the kind of tools good workmen prefer. 28 Warren St. MILLERS FALLS COMPANY 9 So. Clinton St. NEW YORK MILLERS FALLS, MASS. CHICAGO Automatic Drill No. 445 ANEW and popular member of our family of five auto- matic drills. Reliable, handy, low in price. Ratchet Screw Driver No. 63 OMPACT, | strong —quick, conven- ient and easy to use. Every tool user will find one of these helpful. Spiral Ratchet Screw Driver No. 61 VERYTHING in one screw driver— about the finest tool you can own. Three actions —spiral, ratchet, rigid. Spiral Ratchet Screw Driver No. 62 HIS is No. 61's big brother — _ longer, heavier, stronger. Three blades furnished with each spiral screw driver Radio Ratchet Screw Driver No. 55 OR radio and other light work with small screws. Knurled collar makes starting screws easy. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. Automatic Drill No. 81 UR finest drill. “Likes hard wood as well as soft.” Dri!l points easily ac- cessible.

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74 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% How fo Make Your Own Screens} — A Woodworker Shows You an Easy Method of Putting Together the Frames—The Trick of Stretching Wire Cloth Tightly By Emanuet E. Ericson, Noted Manual Training Authority pane Expat Bit e Fig. 3. Amarking of gage is used tc enc anonnanee complete laying out each joint peas Fig. 4. Using a crosscut saw to make the first cut ina pair of stiles clamped together in a vise. The cut sur- No.1 faces can be trimmed with a chisel later if necessary Fig. 1. If you rip up your own Fig. 2. or sass _— screen stock from wide boards, each sen Agi stiles (long piece must be planed on the edges ica a Fig. 5 (above). Making the sec- ond cuts with a ripsaw. Fig. 6 (center). Nail the joints well with eightpenny finishing nails Fig. 7. After being assembled, the frame is smoothed with a plane and then thoroughly sandpapered length, the sides should be made about 1 in. longer than the opening to be fitted, and No. the cross rails (for the type of joint shown here) about 2 in. shorter than the width of the opening. After the material is cut to length, it is edged with 4 jointer or jack plane 4 shown in Fig. 1. Use a try- CREEN windows and doors for the home can be made easily by any one who possesses a few woodworking tools and a workbench. The most convenient way to obtain material for screen windows is to buy it from the lumber yard or mill already cut to the required size. Fig. 8 (above). Tack- ing one end of the wire cloth to a strip SN White pine, sugar pine, or nailed to the bench. square to test the squareness. Oregon pine are suitable Fig. 9 (at right). The Care must be taken in edging woods. The strips should not egy ey not to take off too much to be lighter than 1 by 2 in. frame, which is raised er ‘ ward one end, thereby taper (these actually measure 34 by on a strip of wood ing the pieces. If the lumber 134 in.) for the side and top has been cut to the correct No pieces, and 21%-in. material for the bot- used for constructing the screen frames. width at the mill, very little planing needs tom. The middle bar may be narrower, If this material cannot be obtained — to be done. but not less than 1 in. If the outside cas- readily, it is a simple matter to rip the One of the most important parts of the ings of the windows are 1% in. thick, _ pieces from planed boards of any width. job is the laying out. It is best for the lumber of the same thickness ought to be When cutting the pieces roughly to (Continued on page 94) TURN TO PAGE 78 FOR THE CONTINUATION OF THE HOME WORKSHOP DEPARTMEN! 4

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March, 1926 SE No.5 N > Slip y Joint Pliers Expansion Bit POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY In order to work successfully at a mechanical trade or to take pleasure in making things at home you need good tools, tools that will stand up and do the work required of them. The Peck, Stow & Wilcox Co. has been making good tools for more than 100 years. These tools, formerly branded P. S. & W. Co., now branded PEXTO, are of the highest quality and are FULLY GUARAN- TEED as to workmanship and materials. The line consists of Bit Braces, Auger Bits, Squares, Chisels, Hammers, Hatchets, Pliers, Monkey and Pipe Wrenches, Angle Wrenches, Screw Drivers, Snips, Compasses, Pruning Shears, Dividers, Calipers, Pincers, Soldering Coppers, and many other small tools. Booklets covering our im- portant lines are avail- able for free distribution PEXTO TOOLS are carried by practically all pro- gressive dealers. THE PECK, STOW & WILCOX CO. SOUTHINGTON, CONN,, U.S. A. 75 Pliers r~, Hunter's " Hatchet No.3 Screw ’ Driver Worth While . Tools No.15 AN Wrench | \ Drawknife Chisel © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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76 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Old Bill Talks on Cutting Fluid Are They Really Lubricants or Just Cooling Agents?—Hints on March, 19 9 March, 19- How to Choose the Most Efficient Cutting Oils and Compounds HILE a cold March rain beat drearily against the shop’s saw- tooth roof and coursed in silvery streams down the expansive windows, Old Bill’s men leisurely consumed their lunches and chatted about the prospects of getting their baseball team out for a little practice when the yard, which was now a morass from thaws and downpours, had dried sufficiently to allow them to spend their noon hours outside. But base- ball seemed still too remote for much en- thusiasm and their conversation drifted into shop talk. “Let me tell you this—” Harvey Lewis was saying. “Not one of you, I'll bet, can explain the action of cutting oils and compounds. We all know that by using a certain fluid with this or that operation, we'll get certain results. But why?” ‘They are just lubricants,” some one volunteered. “Go on!” retorted Lewis. “That’s what I thought you would say. In fact, it’s what the handbooks and the manu- facturers of cutting com- pounds tell us, but I could never see it. Where does the lubrication come in?” “Oh, they also tell us that the oil cools the tools and the work, as well as lubricates them,” put in Joe Keats. Yes, it cools—and nothing else,” said Harvey. “Then why call it a lubricant?” Old Bill, nursing his pipe, and with his right thumb hooked in the shoulder strap of his overalls, had come up to the group. . ELL, Harvey, if you have been studying up this proposition, let’s hear why you have come to that con- clusion,” suggested Old Bill, who was always anxious to draw out his men. “One would think that the people who handle and sell these products ought to know more about them than we do, and you said yourself that most of them refer to oils and compounds as cutting lubri- cants. I have always thought they both cooled and lubricated.” “A cutting oil or compound,” Harvey replied, “is primarily intended as a cool- ing medium to carry away the heat gen- erated by the friction of the tools in cut- ting the work.” By H. L. WHEELER Machine-Shop Foreman “What about hand taps and threading dies?” inquired Keats, ‘They are seldom worked fast enough to cause any heat. How do you account for the action of oil in their case? If oil has only a cooling function, we might as well not use it for tapping and threading.” The boys thought Harvey was cor- nered, but he had another argument left. “But how do you explain the fact,” he demanded, “that the poorest lubricating oils make the best cutting oils and that the best quality of lubricating oils do not give satisfactory results when used as cutting oils? I have tried out pretty nearly every kind of oil and have found this to be true.” “That may be true,” admitted Old Bill; “but it is rather a description of what we have found out through experi- ment than an explanation of the cause. Perhaps we can’t go much farther than simply to say that the use of oils and compounds is helpful. Cutting tools gen- erate heat and the oil or compound keeps the tool and the work cool, and that al- lows us to remove more metal in a given time. The fluid insures a longer tool life, besides making possible increased pro- duction. It washes away the chips and allows a better and more accurate finish. In these ways it speeds up the work and reduces the cost of machining.” Joe Keats cited hand taps and dies to prove that our cutting fluids are lubricants rather than coolants A blast from the shop’s whistle put an end to the discussion, but it had lasted long enough to give the machinists ap inkling of how much there still remains to be done before shop practice in regard to the use of cutting oils and compounds can be standardized. Opinions vary on the merits and de. merits of the many different oils and compounds. There is no universal rule in their application. Each shop finds by experiment or custom what is best suited for its particular purposes. Only in a few instances is there any general agree- ment that one oil or compound is best for a given operation. Hand tapping and threading may be cited as one example; for this class of work pure lard oil is favored. Before the days of high speed, quantity production, little was thought about the subject at all. The necessity of using oils or other cooling mediums was not considered vital. In early machine-shop practice most metal working was done dry with slow speeds and feeds. Gradually water came into use and then followed the vari- ous oils—animal, vegetable, and mineral. With the expan- - sion of industry came a de- mand for cheaper substitutes, which resulted in the use of the many different soaps and alkali compounds with which we are familiar today. Some of these are patented. For certain kinds of work pure lard oil has no equal, but, owing to its high cost, it has been found expedient to dilute it with cheaper oils and soap compounds. And through this practice have been de- veloped many valuable formulas. COMMERCIAL product known as mineral lard oil is regarded as one of the best substitutes for pure lard oil. The quality of mineral lard oil, however, varies greatly and the name alone sel- dom conveys any definite idea of the quality. A common objection found in many oils and compounds is their tendency to create sores, boils, and ulcers on the hands. Ifa man has a cut, there is danger even of (Continued on page 128) TURN TO PAGE 124 FOR THE CONTINUATION OF THE BETTER SHOP METHODS DEPARTMENT “

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY “Hey! Heavy Handed Feller —Use the on, the ity ing “You'll do better, more accurate work and y’won’t > | be springing that mike I just lent you!” ing od ; A Ratchet Stop does help the No. 230—it has a Ratchet nto man whose ‘‘feel’’ is not su- Stop. Another, bigger, reason ir'l- a . le, persensitive and it helps any is the cut-away frame. You = man to do quicker, accurate _— can get it into lots of places e- e e . €8, work because it relieves him where an ordinary frame of of the necessity of always a nd guarding against springing A his mike by jamming the oil spindle against the work. Ask your dealer to show you ‘ this tool. Write us for de- ds. That’s one reason why a lot scriptive matter and Catalog de- of men like the Starrett No. 23 ‘‘W.”’ ” THE L. S. STARRETT CO. ‘L World’s Greatest Toolmakers ai Manufacturers of Hacksaws Unexcelled aL © Steel Tapes—Standard for Accuracy ata aN ‘a ATHOL, MASS. ; mE -€. vils ro ute fa {T ae © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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While hand holds driver steady, you start screw thumb-turn on blade. with Starting small wobbly screws is easy with a ““YANKEE”’ No. 15 Ratchet Screw-driver Not only easy, but fast. With thumb and forefinger you revolve knurled washer on blade and quickly start the pesky little screw. After starting with thumb-turn, you send screw home by ratchet movement. No. 15 (Illustrated) comes with 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 inch blades. One grip on the handle is all that is needed. Then turn to and fro, and the smooth “Yankee” Ratchet does the rest. Right and left ratchet; and rigid. No. 10 Comes with 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12 in. blades. No. 11 Same as No. 10, ex- cept that Ratchet Shifter moves across instead of par- allel with blade. Some Other ‘‘Yankee’’ Tools Plain and Spiral Screw-drivers ] Ratchet Bit Braces Rachet Hand Drills Automatic Feed Bench Drills Ratchet Tap Wrenches Vises, Removable Base Dealers everywhere sell **YANKEE’’, TOOLS *‘Yankee’’ on the tool you buy means the utmost in quality, efficiency and du- rability. Write for FREE “Yankee’’ Tool Book. Nortu Bros. Merce. Co., Philadelphia, U.S. A. "YANKEE" TOOLS Make Betliv Mechanica POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY wood carving. They think it requires long training and special aptitude. In reality, any one who wishes to do this kind of work need not hesitate a moment. The only skill required is a steady hand, together with patience and an eye for symmetrical design. An illustration of what can be done is the chest shown, which was carved by the writer when he was 16. years old. My mother had expressed a wish several times for a cedar chest, so I made one of gum- wood lined with cedar and started to carve it with nothing but ordi- nary woodworking chisels and a skew d 4 Di iy PBEE EA 7 MS SNe a chisel ground from a ¥%-in. file. My father, having seen what I was doing, gave me a set of carving tools and I con- tinued to work at odd times for the greater part of a year. When finished, the chest was entered at a state fair and drew first prize in the advanced class. Our city school supervisor saw it and as a result he encouraged me to continue studying manual training until I finally became a teacher of that subject in the Des Moines, Ia., high schools. In this instance the design was made up as the work progressed, only the main spaces being blocked out at first. The work was started from the center of each Few Tools Used to Carve Chey OODWORKERS By E. M. Coox of limited experi- ence are timid about attempting bg he, - FM VAM MEME section and carried ward the edge, only A small shaving being taken each time, | In carving, the last cut made by jh! chisel is the finished surface; sandpane is not used. It is no detriment to hay the chisel marks show; in fact, it is gp. sidered a desirable characteristic in carved work. | The gumwood exterior was stained; dark brown in this instance and oiled with, several coats of a mixture of half turpen. AANA MEAN IVAN ANG OO 6 OME eH! AGT NO: Be PARAS tg 14 4 WY NZ : / if Front and top of a | gumwood chest, | lined with cedar, | which was con- | structed by Mr. Cook when he was 16 years old. It was his first attempt at carving. He be- lieves that the dif- ficulty of carving is overestimated by most woodworkers tine and half boiled oil, to be applied hot. While a set of half a dozen or mor) carving tools is desirable, the work can be| done with a skew chisel about 14 in. wide and a parting tool to start the center of| each cut. It is essential that the tools be kept sharp. This is done by honing them on a fine oilstone or slip and stropping them on a piece of emery-covered leather. If this type of work appeals to you, you will find it becomes constantly more fascinating as you go along, as is indi- cated by the fact that the writer made three more chests after completing the one illustrated, as well as many other carved articles. Elaborate Radio Cabinet Costs Less than $20 LLIE CRASS, of Padu- shown, I used No. 1 seasoned cah, Ky., who built the upright radio cabinet illus- trated, was encouraged to undertake this elaborate piece of work by an article that appeared in the Home Work- shop Department in Febru- ary, 1923. He writes: “To build an ideal radio cabinet is neither difficult nor expensive if the details shown in PoPULAR SCIENCE Monruty’s Blueprint No. 16 or the article that appeared in the February, 1923, issue oak for the framework, ata cost of $8. The side panels were given to me by a friend. Front doors and_ scrollwork were made at a lumber millat a cost of $5. The cost should not exceed $15 or $20, and! cheaper lumber is_ used, tt can be built for less.” _, There are two radio cabinet blueprints in the Home W ork- shop series (see page 86). One is a large and elaborate inlaid cabinet (Blueprint No. 16) and the other is a greatly are followed. ; “In building the cabinet Built by Mr. E. Crass, resident of Paducah, Ky. simplified cabinet resembling EHO OS ee eo a Spanish desk (No. 35). ee © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. Marc

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| of a | lest, >dar, on- Mr. was was ot at be- dif- ving dby kers hot. more an be wide er of Is he them yping ther. , You more indi- nade r the other 0) oned ata unels end. work illat ould nd i 1, it yinet ork- 86). rate No. atly ling 35). en im mh » 8 per Sallon eee - a than carfare or busfare, far lessthan automobile cost — riding the new Harley-Davidson Single is the most eco- nomical means of comfortable travel. Wholly a new type of machine. Trav- els 80 miles on every gallon of “gas” —ample power and speed for all road and trafic conditions— above all, a safe, sensible, comfortable mount for everyday use by everybody. Easy to ride—practically self-balancing. You'll master it in the length of a city block. Ride it to work and back—on errands—for pleasure on evenings and Sundays—and save money every mile! - Ask your Harley-Davidson Dealer for a demon- stration. Mail coupon for illustrated literature. MILWAUKEE Haritey-Davipson Motor CompPANY, wisconsin C The New HARLEY-Dav os — The New-Type Motorcycle ll POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY O miles © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. Safe — Comfortable Perfect balance and a low center of gravity provide maximum safety at any speed. Luxurious springs in fork and seat post smooth out the rcugh- est roads. Low saddle position adds to riding comfort and ease of hand- ling. Balloon tires and broad foot- boards add the finishing touches to comfortable riding. Park It Anywhere Ride right up to your destination— and park there. Any 2x8 space will house your Single—in a hallway, on the porch, in a garage corner—any- where. No parking troubles in even the most congested centers. Easy To Buy The Single is low in price. If you prefer to pay for it out of your 1n- come, your dealer has a convenient Pay-As-You-Ride Plan that he'll gladly explain to you. Note: Rich sales opportunities now in the motorcycle business. Write for proposition. Mail this Coupon / JS a As 4 y £4, A HARLEY- DAVIDSON MOTOR CO. Dept. P.S. A Milwaukee, Wis. ( ) Send free literature ba fr describing the “New Single”’ Bb ( ) I'd like to sell the New “A Single. Particulars, please. A

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% Makes Machines Fill the Order You devise a machine for a definite job; that’s why it does the job. You give the operator a definite task. That’s why he makes good the task. What must be done is done, when it must be recorded. Whatever the order — in terms of pro- duction — it’s filled when it has to register on a COUNTER This small Rotary Ratchet Counter (No. 6) counts reciprocating movements of the lever, as required for recording the output of innumerable small machines. When the lever is moved through an angle of 40 to 60 degrees, the counter regis- ters one. The further the lever is moved, the higher the number registered. A complete revolution of the lever registers ten. This counter can be adapted to no end of counting purposes, by reg- ulating the throw of the lever. Price $2.00. (Cut nearly full size.) Small Revolution Counter, also $2.00. The Set-Back Rotary Ratchet Counter below is for machines such as presses and metal-stamping machines where a reciprocating movement indicates an operation. Registers one for each throw of the lever a sets back to zero from any figure by turning knob once round. Supplied with from four to ten figure-wheels, as required. Price with four figures, as illustrated, $11.50 subject to discount. (Cut less than ‘'/2 size.) Set-back Revolution Counter of similar model, $10.00 (list). Write us about that counting problem of yours—or see how it’s solved in the Veeder book- let; copy free. The Veeder Mfg. Co. 44 Sargeant St., Hartford, Conn. How to Make the Masts, Sails, Guns, | By Captain E. Armitace McCann On Barbary pirate ship model the hull, deck, bulwarks, and _stern- board as described in the February issue of Poputar Scrence MontHiy and are ready to get to work on the masts, sails, flags, and acces- sories—all the fascinating little details that will give our model real distinction and enduring value. make your work much easier by obtaining Home Workshop blue- prints Nos. 44 and 45 (see page 86), as they contain full size drawings of all the important parts. sticks, tapered to about half that thick- ness at the top. The mainmast is 10 in. and the foremast 71% in. long, measuring from the deck; they project into the hull about 34 in. The foremast should be a bit thinner than the main. Both rake for- ward a bit, especially the foremast. 5 in. from the top to keep the rigging from slipping. which are called ,trucks, can be beads. or small button molds, or may be whittled from soft wood. are fastened invariably were in two or more pieces lashed to- MAINMAST-10°LONG and Other Accessories—The Concluding Article now is beginning to take shape. We have cut out and assembled Do not forget that you will Full size drawings of the parts of this picturesque gailey are to be found in Home Workshop blueprints 44 and 45 gether at the thicker ends. On our model they are 3%-in. dowel sticks. They should be boiled in water for a few minutes and held in position until cool by means of a few nails driven in a board. They have round knobs on the upper ends. Yards and masts look most natural if stained a light walnut or dark oak color. The sails may be silk or linen. Mine are of an unevenly woven light, dull yellow silk (natural colored pongee) with the peaks “‘dipped in blood,” that is, turkey (Continued on page 110) The masts are made from 14-in. dowel Cut a slight groove around them about The knobs at the top, MAINYARD The yards to which the sails 93 AND 84 LONG-3"LAP (ABOVE DECK) FOREYARD , FORESAIL . 103 x9 x84 me MAINSAIL | 145 x12% 9% | ees FOREMAST \ BLU 74 LONG WITH RED CORD ON EDGES MADE OF LEAD AND PAINTED WITH GOLD a KV .- x (5) DECORATIONS SHOWN IN DOTTED LINE ARE GOLD BRONZE, AS ARE THE CANNONS AND QUARTER LANTERNS HULL(ABOVE WATER LINE) DECKS, SPARS, LADDERS, BOAT, STERNBOARD AND STAND OR BASE UNDER BODY OF HULL, BLUE What lifts this rakish pirate felucca above the ordinary ship model is as much its brilliant color as its striking lines. How to paint the ship is indicated here; the colors of the flag are shown on page 112 — rIS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. March,

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY I wouldn’t ask for a better hammer. You'll notice some of the dif- ference as soon as you pick a Cheney up—but you won’t get the full meaning of it until you have swung it for a full day. There’s the grip that seems to mold itself to your hand and relieve the strain on the fingers and forearm. There’s balance For an all-purpose vise ask your dealer to show you the PRENTISS. r{S} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STAN DARDS. See page 6. it And if I did, I couldn’t get it. There’s 90 years of practical experience in hammer making and some al- mighty good material put into every Cheney Hammer. —and no other hammer hangs quite like a Cheney. . There’s weight where weight belongs, a head that will neither batter nor chip and claws that grip and grip when you put a strain on the handle. For real hammer value, ask for Cheney.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% pe um QUI ECHAN! i — N Always RE - ae : Ss Homeworker’s handiest tool EN who are handy with tools, save themselves a lot of money by making useful household articles during their spare evenings. And they get the craftsman’s satisfaction of mak- ing things skillfully with their own hands—a pleasure which the age of automatic machines and mass production has largely taken away. But LePage’s, as the handiest tool in your workshop, helps to give these pleasures back to thousands. Perhaps you have never thought of the special advan- tages of using LePage’s Liquid Glue. It is always ready for . immediate use. No weighing, soaking or heating is required. Its quality is always the same. It ‘‘sets” slowly enough so that you have plenty of time to place the joints together exactly as they should go. Slow setting also allows LePage’s to penetrate the wood, increasing the strength of the joint. LePage’s Liquid Glue is equal in strength to any animal glue. Buy a can for your workshop. It is the easiest, quickest, handiest form of Glue. Insist on LePage’s. RUSSIA CEMENT COMPANY Laboratory and Factory 260 Essex Ave., Gloucester, Mass. (E AG E'S GLUE ‘Bottles, Tubes,Cans By Morris A. Hatt, M.E. ANY a man has labored long and M diligently to make a toy or play- thing for his child or children, only to have it practically destroyed or at least rendered useless within a few days. Children are so rough, consciously or unconsciously, that anything built for them and intended to last must be extraor- dinarily durable. The writer constructed for his child a seesaw that has been the source of so much pleasure and amusement that he is glad to have the op- portunity of passing along the plans. After six years’ use, nearly seven in fact, the time is approaching when the child will have outgrown this toy. It is in such good shape that it can be passed along to another smaller child, who can use it for vears to come. All it will need is an additional coat of varnish or paint. The seesaw requires only six pieces of wood and can be constructed in a com- paratively short time. It consists, rough- ly speaking, of a 10-in. board mounted on a pair of side members, which con- stitute the rockers. These are set out at an angle, or flared, to give additional stability. The ends of the boards are rounded into seat form, while a notch on either side for the legs or knees and a handle at each end give the children using it adequate means of holding on, no matter how violently it is rocked. The long board must be selected with care. It should be straight grained, per- fectly flat, well dried, and free from knots or holes. That which the writer selected, as the drawing shows, was a bit How to Make a Wooden Seesaw that Children Cannot Break The seesaw after six years’ use narrower than 10 in. wide and when the edges were planed was but 934 in. However, any width up to 12 in. and down to 8 in. could be used. This board hap- pened to be 78 in. long. Any lengths from 75 to 80 could be used, and by altering the radius of the rockers to suit, even longer or shorter boards would serve the purpose successfully. The seesaw will take small children’s feet about 10 in. off the ground and that is about as high as most small children care to go, so it represents a fair average and a most useful size. The side members or rockers were cut from two heavy boards of 114-in. lumber, ‘ ben . , planed on both sides. These were 18 by 36 in. originally. They were marked with the aid of a cardboard pattern and cut to the correct shape. The angle at which they are set was obtained by planing off one edge of the upper surface before the top board was attached. These parts were put together very rigidly with large nails, except at the extreme ends, where long, slender screws were used. ‘ When the rockers had been attached, a block made from a ALL EDGES BEYOND ©? HANDLE BAR ROUNDED | = ] piece of 2 by 10 in. rough lumber was inserted as near the bottom as_ practi- cable and _ securely nailed. It was made Half the top and side views of the seesaw, the end eleva- tion, and a detail of the sturdy broomstick handle-bars comparatively short, so that in a casual glance at the completed seesaw, one does not see it. The ends of the top board were shaped partly by trial, and the han- dles were located in a similar manner. The latter consist of (Continued on page 100) — © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. Marcl Ta

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neerchs, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY The handyman The machinist dried for years. The auto mechanic For men who want the finest hammer There’s one hammer that has been the outstanding favorite of tool users for more than three generations. THE MAYDOLE HAMMER Pick up a Maydole. from and superior to that of ordinary hammers. The head is press-forged of tool steel, tempered separately at each end. The handle is of selected, second-growth hickory that has been air- © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. Get the feel of it. Its “‘hang”’ is different The Maydole Hammer has no “patent” wedges to keep the head tight. It’s made tight and it stays tight. There is no stain on the handle to cover up imperfections. It’s all hammer—the finest that 83 years of accumu- lated skill and experience can produce. Your dealer sells Maydole Nail Hammers, Ball Pein Hammers and all other types. Just ask for the genuine Maydole, if you want hammer satisfaction. Would you like a copy of our interesting and useful pocket handbook 23B? Just send us your name and address and we’ ll mail you one free of charge. The David Maydole Hammer Co. Norwich _ New York, 8718 83

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Make sure your portable is a CORONA Hie you ever used a regu- lar office typewriter ? If you have, this column will tell you why you should choose Coronaas your own personal typewriter. No other portable has so many big-machine features. You’ll be at home on it in five minutes. If you have never used a typewriter, this column will give you a dozen good reasons for making Corona your first | and last choice. While you are getting a personal typewriter you may as well have the one that is most like a big office machine — except for weight, bulk, and price. No other portable typewriter has all these features | HE KEYBOARD has four rows of keys—the same as Office typewrit- | ers. You don’t have to shift for figures. Instead ofa six-yard ribbon, Corona’s automatically reversing, twocolor rib- bon is twelve yards long. Thelargeself-spacingcarriagereturn lever is right up where you want it for quick action. Itis theonly portable with a real variable line-spacer. There is also a convenient stenciling device. Corona has a shift key on each side. Back spacer and margin release are con- veniently located on the keyboard. You can see what you are writing without moving your head an inch. The visibility is perfect —and at right angles to vision. The type bar action operates on ex- actly the same principle as that em- ployed on all the best full size machines —the type comes up to strike the paper. The full-width carriage takes a No. | 10 envelope — just like any office ma- chine. Over 700,000 Coronas, more than | all other makes of portables combined, prove Corona’s durability. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% CORONA TYPEWRITER CO., Inc. 108 Main Street, Groton, N. Y. Please send me latest information about Corona—without obligation on my part. How to Fit and Hang a Door Secrets of Applying the Hinges and a Mortise Lock By Epwin M. Love, Craftsman and Specialist in Woodworking Methods known, the fitting and hanging of an inside door is not a formidable task for the home mechanic. If the door to be hung is for a closet or other place where only one side is subject to scrutiny, the best side should be placed outward if possible; but, in general, it is best to sight along one side to note if there is any “spring” in the stiles (long side pieces), and if there is, place the concave side against the stops. Lay the door on a pair of saw horses and cut off the projecting ends of the stiles. If the latter are of fir, the splintering of the under side hardly can be avoided un-: less the saw is to run nearly horizontal and the final cutting off is done from the under side. This necessitates more care and extra handling of the door, but the resultant smooth surface is well worth the effort. Next, build a jack as illustrated in Fig. 1. Nail two short lengths of 2 by 6 in. stock to a piece of lath, keeping them apart a trifle more than the thickness of the door. Under the ends of the thin strip nail blocks for feet. Mark the lock stile and set the door edgewise with one end of the hinge stile in the jack. Plane the lock stile straight with a jointer or the longest plane you have and bevel the edge slightly toward the stop side. If, however, the lock jamb is crooked, which is the case only too often, make suitable allowances. Orr the methods involved are 2%6" LAYOUT FOR HINGE MORTISE Fig. 1. How to make holder for planing doors and how to mark for the hinge mortises . and use a block as a fulcrum. Fig. 2. Marking length of hinge with knife Fig. 3. ‘‘Dapping”’ the mortise for a door hinge Now stand the door in the opening, with the lock stile against its stop, and hold the other stile against the jamb edge. Slip a wide chisel underneath for a lever Force the top of the door against the upper jamb and have some one run a pencil down the hinge stile with the jamb as a guide. Lay the door on the horses again and rip off the excess width if it is as much as 4 in. Joint to the line, beveling a little toward the stop side. Stand the door against the stops, and with scribers or compasses scribe the top rail to the head jamb. Saw and plane to the line, guarding against splintering the stile ends. HE fitted door should have a clearance of a trifle more than 1% in. all around if the trim is to be painted in the ordinary way, or a little more for a paint job of more than four coats. Pry the door up to the top, keeping the necessary clearance by inserting a chip or a hand scraper as a gage. Measure from the floor and the upper jamb the distance to the hinges (usually 11 and 7 in. respec- tively) and with a knife point pressed be- tween door and jamb mark the positions for the hinges on both of them. Support the door in the jack. Take the pins out of the hinges and set a gage for 1% in. Score a.light line (Fig. 1) the length of each hinge, top and bottom, afterward squaring across for the ends. Take the door half of the hinge, lay it upside Fig. 4. Reversing the latch bolt after the lock cover is removed Fig. 5. Scribing the position of knob spindle and keyhole down on the stile edge (Continued on page 116) © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. |e |

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY These Are Bolt Clipper limes ™~ VOL. 1 EVERETT MASS.USA. S aving time with t Clipper You certainly start a life job when you undertake to discover all of the innumerable ways in which a bolt clipper can be used around the shop, the factory and the home. Every time you dis- cover a new use you face a new way to preserve the purity of the English language and to increase the value of your working day— because a bolt clipper does its work without the aid of strong language and does it quickly. Bolts, nails, wire, rods and chains are essential contributions to . housing, transportation, power and construction; from the hen coop to the concrete road; from the wheelbarrow to the motor bus. Perhaps you don’t know what a bolt clipper is? It’s a tool for cutting off rods, bolts, heavy wire and chains to desired length, anywhere. When we say bolts we mean big husky ones up to 34” in size—the kind you find around the automobile mud guards, holding the door plates to the furnace or the sides on the kitchen stove. When we say rods we mean anything from the brass rods which hold up the parlor curtains to those husky iron re- inforcements you see in concrete walls. Cutting Heavy Fence Wire By wire we mean the clothes line, the radio aerial, guy wires on poles and fences as well as insulated wire on power lines, cables, etc. As to chains—well of course there are limits to what even a bolt clipper will do but when it comes to the broken links on a tire chain—just reach for the bolt clipper and snip off the broken cross chain. Splitting Nut on Brake Drum NO. 1 Our message to the read- ers of Popular Science must be general because this magazine reaches all sorts of tool users—men in all walks of life. When we talk to the automobile mechanic, the road builder the railroad man and others we can deal with specific uses in each one’s Cutting Fender Bolt in Hard to Get At Place work—but in this issue of the Bolt Clipper Times we can suggest only a few of the thousands of general uses to which the hundreds of thousands of readers may apply this tool. A bolt clipper belongs in every tool kit, on every work bench, in factory, home and farm shop and is an essential item of equipment for railroad construction men, repair crews on power and telephone lines, on ships, fire department ap- paratus, in mines, lumber camps—and wherever time saving is essential and man power limited. To those of you who areunfamiliar with these tools just imagine a device so powerful that it will cut a quarter inch rod as easily as the ordinary nipper cuts the small wire on a radio set. Imagine a two handed tool multiplying man power seventy times. Imagine splitting the nut of a bolt in one operation with moderate effort or snipping off a wagon bolt al- [ most as easily as a pair Of SCisSOrS Housewife Cutting Brass ; cuts a piece of twine. Curtain Rod Every hour of every day somé man some- where is laboriously wasting time making work out of a job that should be done with a bolt clipper. If you use tools or if you employ men who use tools we sug- gest that you write to us or to your tool supply dealer for booklet describing the Porter line of cutting tools, Write to dealer or to H. K. Porter, Inc., Everett, — Mass., U.S. A. rs) ADVENTURES OF PORTER CLIPPER TUE Wow! WHATA PLACE TO GET AT WHEW! I'VE BEEN AT THIS BOLT AN HOUR. IT'S NO _USE | Quitt! JUST A MINUTE — HERE TAKE THIS NEW BOLT CLIPPER AND SEE. HOW QUICK IT SNIPS iT OFF. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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TTigh Efficiency One Hole Mounting | A Compact Straight-Line- Frequency Condenser HE new S. L. F. Bradleydenser is the outcome of long, careful research in condenser design. It pro- vides straight-line-frequency tuning over the entire circumference of a 360-degree dial. Stations are widely and evenly spaced over twice the dial-spacing of ordinary condensers. This unique control is obtained by using a special cam on the condenser shaft which provides the straight-line-frequency tuning now de- manded by all set builders. The efficiency of the condenser is extremely high, due to the unique construction that practically eliminates insulating material in the condenser. NOTHER outstanding feature of the new S. L. F. Bradleydenser is the compact design which elim- inates entirely the long eccentric rotor plates, ordi- narily used with straight-line-frequency condensers. The Bradleydenser can be substituted for any con- denser on a set without interfering with other parts on the panel. The one-hole mounting also simplifies installation. The S. L. F. Bradleydenser is the latest Allen-Bradley contribution to better radio. Be sure to bring your set up-to-date by getting aset of S. L. F. Bradleydensers from your nearest dealer. Other P Devices Use the Bradleystat, Bradleyleak, Bradley- ometer, and Bradleyohm in your nextrset. For resistance ai amplification, use the Bradleyunit Resistor. Mail the Coupon Allen-Bradley Company, 293 Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Please send us your latest literature on the-new S. L. F. Bradleydenser * i eaimaaaaaaaaaaaaaes radley ine. Name...... SeeebeUw Aas ene ae Cc POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 1926 Tee lome Work inchonl Details of Pirate Ship Model Shown in New Blueprint F YOU intend to build a duplicate of the col- orful pirate ship model that Captain E. Armi- tage McCann, noted ship model expert, designed especially for PoruLaR SCIENCE Monruty (see page 80), you will be able to save hours of work and insure the best results by obtaining Blue- prints Nos. 44 and 45 in the list below. The first of these shows in full size the hull, deck, bulwarks, and other essential parts of the hull. The second gives de- tails of the masts, spars, sails, flags, guns, oars, lanterns, and various accessories, In most instances the drawings may be cut out and used as templets or else traced, and that saves the work of mak- ing full size drawings of your own. The coloring of each part also is indicated. ~S Complete List of Blueprints AYY ONE of the blueprints listed below can be obtained from PopuLarR ScreENcE Montuty for 25 cents. The Editor will be glad to answer any specific questions relative to tools, material, or equipment. Blueprint Service Dept. Popular Science Monthly 250 Fourth Avenue, New York GENTLEMEN: Send me the blueprint, or blue- prints, I have underlined below for which I inclose............... cents: No. Title Published Price 1. Sewing Table Feb., °22 25¢c 2. Smoking Cabinet Mar., ’22 25c 3. End Table Bor. °22 _ 25¢ 5. Kitchen Cabinet May, ’22 25c 8. Shaving Cabinet June, ’22 25c 9. Arbor, Gate and Seats July, °22 25c 10 Aug., °22 25c Sept., ’22 25¢ t., “2a 25¢ Nov., ’22 25¢ Mec., 22 25¢ jan. “23 25c Feb., ’23 25¢ Mar., ’23 25c Mar., ’23 25c Apr., ’°23 25c Apr., *23 25¢ Apr., °23 25c Apr., °23 25c May, ’23 25¢ June, ’23 25¢ July, ’23 25c Sept., °23 25c Oct., ,’23 25c Noy., ’23 25c Dec., ’23 25¢ Jan., °24 25c Feb., ’°24 25c Mar., ’24 25c Apr., °24 25c May, ’24 25c - Porch Swing 11. Bench and Tilt Table 12. Electric Washer 13. Tea Wagon 14. Christmas Toys 15. Workshop Bench 16. Inlaid Radio Cabinet 17. Cedar Chest 18. Phone Table and Stool 19. Grandfather’s Clock 20. Flat-Top Desk 21. Colonial Desk 22. Cabinet and Desk 23. Pergola Garé ge 24. Gateleg Table 25. Canoe Sailing Outfit 26. Baby’s Crib and Pen 27. Kitchen-Cabinet Table 28. Pullman Play Table 29. Toy Tea Cart, etc. 30. Tool Cabinet, etc. 31. Sewing Cabinets 32. Chinese Game Table 33. Dining Alcove 34. Garden Trellises 35. Simple Radio Cabinet 36. Rush-Bottom Chair 37. Simplified Bookcase 38. Sheraton Table 39. Salem Chest 40. Desk in Sheraton Style 41. One-Tube Radio Set 42. Three-Stage Amplifier 43. Four-Tube Receiver 44. Ship Model—Hull Feb., °26 25c 45. Ship Model—Details MR re re he oni a ae eed mae oa ee 9608 MEE oo eitek bos cahstiweasdsussne se nsceeees ati) met CINE 8 6 Spc SR RS ose aie whe i082 © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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Merch, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY a The Latest Tool Information The New BROWN & SHARPE Small Tool Catalog © Send for your copy today—lIt’s free Catalog No. 30 This Is More Than a Catalog— It’s a Handbook on Small Tools Every Shop Mechanic Student Mechanic Tool Maker Motor Service Man Apprentice and Repair Man Should have a copy of this 448 page illustrated catalogue of our 2000 tools and 1500 cutters. Listed among these tools and cutters is valuable information — helpful hints—and numerous reference tables. If you use tools you cannot afford to be without a copy. BROWN € GHARPE TOOLS BROWN & SHARPE MEG. CO. Providence, R. I., U. S. A. IS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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88 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY EBERS TRADE GUIDES Audels Builders Guides are fully illustrated—easy to read and understand. Each set is a Good Trade Course for the apprentice—and a Good Reference for journeyman and master. Use coupon below for free examination. Audels Carpenters and Builders Guides—4 vols. $6 Inside information, MWlustrated, for Carpenters, Builders, Joiners, Building Mechanics. 1600 pages; 3700 diagrams; flexible; pocket size. Short cut instructions, new methods, ideas, solutions, plans, systems—money saving suggestions. An easy progressive course for the apprentice. ’A practical daily wee a helper and Quick Reference for the master worker. A Helping Hand to ols. $6 4 Easier and Better W ork and Better aA To — this aid for yourself, sim- ‘i Tools of The Trade—How to Use The Steel Square—Saw Seinae—tete- ery—How to Make Furniture— Carpenters and Builders Arithmetic— How to Read and Draw Plans—Specifications—How to Figure Jobs—House and Roof Framing—How to Lay Out Work—Foun- dations—Doors and Windows—Stairs—Millwork—How to Paint— and hundreds of other subjects,covering the entire trade with pictures and explanations all easy toread and understand. & “‘Audels Carpenters and Builders Guides are just what every Y man needs who follows the building trade. He can learn more -) Strom your books than he would get a chance to learn in ‘ is two years work.’’—J. A. Manning, Lockport, N. Y. X66 Sea reas Beds Beret Gure: Gest 5 re Audels tn and Steamfitters Guides—4 vols. $6 A new set—just out! A practical, illustrated, Reference Library and Study-Course for Master Plumbers, —— and Apprentice Steamfitters. Gas Fitters and Helpers, Sheet Meta! Workers, aid Draughtsmen, Master Builders, Engineers and all Building Trade . Students. 1670 pages; 3642 diagrams; flexible; pocket size. Ke Guide explains all the principles, advances and short cuts of the A figure an and Heating trade. Contains instructions on how to figure and estimate jobs. Use FREE coupon below to examine, without ae obligation, this valuable work. . INSIDE TRADE INFORMATION ON: Plumbers Code—Physics—Materials and Tools of The Trade— Lead Work—Water Supply—Drainage—Rough Work—How to make Tests—How to Figure Jobs—Pipe Fitting and ; Bending—Heating—Ventilation — Refrigeration — Gas — team—Sheet Metal Work—Smithing—Brazing— * Motors, and hundreds of other subjects covering ; the plumbing trade. Each point clearly exolained in ~ text and pictures that you can easily understand. _ “Audeals Guides are practical, easy to understand, and can berelied upon. They cover the entire field in plain language.’ —W. F. Arminger,” Annapolis, Md. Audels Masons and Builders Guides—4 vols. $6 A new, complete, illustrated trade reference library, for Bricklayers, Cement Workers, Plasterers, Tile Setters and Stone Masons, including a practical outline of Steel Construction. 1100 pages; 2067 ve gi. diagrams; flexible; pocket size. A practical Trade Assistant Vols explaining modern methods of masonry construction. Easy to $6 understand and apply. A reliable and authentic reference work and study-course for Master Journeyman and Young Mechanic. Use FREE COUPON below and find out for yourself, without obligation, whether this set will benefit you. INSIDE TRADE INFORMATION ON: Brick Work—How to Lay Brick—-Various Bonds and Designs— Brick Foundations—Arches—How to Set Tile—How to Figure Jobs—Concrete Work—Mixing—How to Place Forms—Rein- forced Work—Stucco—How to Plaster on Different Surfaces— Stone Masonry— How to Read Blue Prints— Complete Outline of Steel Construction—and hundreds of other subjects with diagrams, pictures, text—easy to read and understand. “ — Masons Guides are the best books wy 0 be hod on tre subject.” Sonnet, Corliss Sta., Pa. hadele Sealy “Book of Electricity—1 vol. Completein one Audels Handy Book of Practical Electricity, IMustrated, is a \ handy,redleather Ready Reference and Study Course in one pocket-size, leather bound volume ; bound book. Every engineer, electrician, mechanic and student i will find in this up-to-date Guide the KEY to a practical un- derstanding of Electricity. 1040 pages; 2600 diagrams. A reliable authority and Helper—easy to understand. __» INSIDE TRADE INFORMATION: The entire electrical field is covered in this one volume. Here are some of the chapter headings: Wiring Diagrams—Calculations—Machine Sketches—Main- tenance and Repair—Radio—Armature Winding—Power Wiring—Storage Batteries—A. C. Motors and Wiring—D. C. Motors and Wiring — Telephone — Telegraph — Ignition — Generators — with Ready Reference Index which gives a quick answer to every problem. 7 YOUR SSCCCCCCTCACCRCES TESTS TEC CCSS ESS CCRCE Ree eeeeeeeeeeee BIG OPPOR- —_ TUNITY FUR ‘ayaa THEO. AUDEL & CO. ADVANCEMENT 65 W. 23rd ST., NEW Y To Earn More UIE Picase oon me for free po soe Learn More COUPON the books marked (x) below. If I find Know your job and you'll never be without them satisfactory, I agree to mail $1 in 7 days, on each set ordered, and to further mail $1 one. The skilled man is always in demand. Knowledge is power. Learn your trade thoroughly by easy reading. 42 : Masons SMS x rege 3 As tans | BU IRRS Bun bres, coe “. j Gu se & re Ee oy FAX & 4 monthly on each set until I have paid the purchase price. 4 CARPENTERS 4 PLUMBERS porn coupon 5 get oe ggeee comm for “ ng for A — GUIDES $6 GUIDES $6 etter pay. ou risk nothing in sending for Audels Guides for free examination. Send it NO | Cilbes ss HANDY BOG ta OUR GUARANTEE NAME Examineany book published by us withoutcharge. N po O\/ 0 OP eee eee eee eee eeeeeereee eeeeeee wees seeeee poe ou likeit,keepit. If not, send it back. Pay us ADDRESS only if you are satisfied. No charge if you are mot. 5 0 UKEO9.- rere rere ee eeee eee rere ceeeeeeeseceeees THEO. AUDEL & CO. RECN TE s vivssnevvevcsscnerarceveusiesesens 65 W. 23rd St., NEW YORK, N. Y. RADOTTASWALIDIES Yoo cs cuca cesetescevenssees 3T34 March, 1926 ie lone Worlkshos What Tools Do You Need? (Continued from page 72) Three wished to include 4%4- and 3 ip, auger bits and a rose countersink, and three also voted for the 3¢-in. size of a bit-stock drill for metal. The always useful hand drill, with its assortment of drill points, also received three votes. What was more or less surprising was the casting of four votes for an auger bit file, as this is not usually included in a small toolkit. Indeed, this file received four, five, and six votes respectively in the assortments that are to follow. Next, the jurymen were asked: What is the ideal assortment of tools for the handyman who wishes to do all’ possible repairs about the house? This list naturally was arrived at by adding certain tools to the assortment already given. The number of votes given each tool appears in parentheses. Ideal Shipshape Home Set All tools previously listed and— Machinist’s ball peen hammer, 1% Ib. (4) Round mallet, 2Ya-in. face (3) Ripsaw, 24 or 26 in. (5) or 22 in. (1) (Not less than 5! points to the inch) oskanw frame with blades (5) Compass saw (6) Smooth plane (4) or block plane (2) Carpenter’s chisels (socket firmer), is} %, Ye, %, and 1 in. (5), 1%-in. butt, bevel edge Auger bits, % (5), % in. and % in. (3) Expansive bit, % to 3 in. (4) Rose countersink (4) Screwdriver bit, % in. (3) Bit-stock drills for metal, %s in. and % (3) Hand drill with drill points (4) Pliers, round nose, 5 in. (4) Files—Saw file, 7 in. (3); round bastard, 6 or 8 in. (4); half round bastard, 6, 8, or 10 in. (3); cabinet rasp, 8 or 10 in. (3) Winged divider with pencil point, 6 in. (5) Spokeshave (3) Drawknife, 8 or 10 in. (3) Level and plumb (spirit level) (3) Shding T-bevel, 8 in. (3) Tinner’s snips (5) Boxwood folding rule, 2 ft. (3) Glass cutter (6) Soldering copper 1% Ib. (3), % Ib. (2) Tool grinder (4) Saw vise (3) Dowel plate (3) Center punch (4) Nail set, % in. (3) Saw set (3) Scratch awl (3) Cabinetmaker’s clamps, 1 pair, 5 ft. long and 1 pair 8-in. hand screws (3) Bench of any ordinary type with carpenter’s or quick acting woodworker’s vise. In many cases the home worker is not content to confine himself merely to nec- essary repair jobs. He wants to do a certain amount of simple bench work and make furniture, toys, household utilities, sporting equipment, and the like. What is the ideal assortment of tools for such a purpose? The jurymen answered that question by compiling the following list: Small Home Workshop Outfit Nail hammer, bell face preferred (6 votes) Machinist’s ball peen hammer, 1% Ib. (4) Round mallet, hickory or lignum vitae (5) Crosscut saw, 22 or 24 in. or 26 in. (6). See note following this list Ripsaw, 24 or 26 in. (6) Back saw, 10 or 12 in. (4) Hacksaw frame and blades (5) Coping (fret) saw frame and blades or bracket saw frame and blades (6) Compass saw (6) Ratchet brace (6) Block plane (6) Fore plane or jointer (4) Rabbet plane, % or 1 in. (3) Chisels—mortise, % or % in. (5); socket firmer, Y, %, Y2, %, and 1 in. (6) Gouge, firmer, beveled outside, % or 4 in. ° Auger bits, 4, %, 2, %, %, and % in. or more votes each) Expansive bit, % to 3 in. (4) Rose countersink (4) Smooth plane (5) Jack plane (5) (Continuel on page 90) © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. Marc

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY No. 231 Pocket Screw-Driver with different size blades and reamer which complete the set. F you use tools at all, you will need this No. 231 Pocket Screw-Driver Set. And you are almost sure to find in the pocket size Goodell-Pratt Catalog one or more tools you will want to own. Take advantage of the special offer of the Screw-Driver Set and the book of tools. Mail the coupon. The No. 231 Pocket Screw-Driver Set is a beautiful thing, nickel plated, buffed and handsomely polished. It contains a chuck, 3 Tear out this coupon and mail with $1 today ACTUAL SIZE Send for this handy Pocket Screw-Driver Set | and a 450-page book of Goodell-Pratt Tools 3] brings both to you Postpaid to any part of the U. S. screw-driver blades (%, 3/16 and 14 inch wide) and areamer. The smallest blade gets even the smallest screws, such as those in a watch. All three tools are machined, made of best tool steel, hard- ened and tempered. The reamer will ream out holes in soft metals and wood. With the tools en- closed in the hollow handle, the set is only 31% inches long. GOODELL-PRATT COMPANY GREENFIELD, MASS., U. S. A. GOODELL-PRATT COMPANY Greenfield, Mass. check cas Driver Set. Co ~Herecesrecer eer eeesreesreeeseseseseseseseroes City . I enclose [ money order | for $1.00 for 450-page pocket cata- h log of Goodell-Pratt Good Tools and No. 231 Pocket Screw © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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90 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% From One Sentence To Millions On Marcu 10, 1876, a single sen- tence was heard over the tele- phone. Now, after half century, $0,000,000 conversations are heard each day. “Mr. Watson, come here; I want you,” spoken by Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, was the first sentence. His first crude instruments had been tested by sounds and single words; the patent had been granted; the principle was estab- lished from which a world of tele- phones has since resulted. But at that time the telephone had not proved its practical useful- ness—its power to command. Bell’s words, electrically trans- mitted over a wire, brought his assistant from another part of the building. And with his coming, the telephone became a dynamic factor in human affairs. Since that first call untold mil- lions of sentences have been heard over the telephone. Men have traveled vast distances in answer to its calls. The wheels of great industrial enterprises have turned at its commands. Every- thing that man.can say to man has been carried to a distance over its wires and the thoughts and actions of nations have been influenced through its use. AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH CoMmMPANY AND AssocIATED ComPANIES SYSTEM IN ITS SEMI-CENTENNIAL YEAR THE BELL SYSTEM LOOKS FOR- WARD TO CONTINUED PROGRESS IN TELEPHONE COMMUNICATION $100 IN CASH PRIZES 6éF sock ror petals Making It Easy to Build Things! Men everywhere are finding it easy to build things of wood with Boice-Crane Bench Machines. Write today for new 64-page booklet describing Boice-Crane Circular Saws, Jig Saws, Band Saw, Mortiser, Jointers, Lathes and Drills. oP. 14” Band - Junior Saw fr. Se Does ripping, mitering, grooving, fe ae Saw sanding, grinding and Guiting “ h id ; Table 12x14 ease and accuracy. Table 10” x 13’. E* i: : = an Saws 24%” stock. Dadoes 54"x5”" . ins Wy Sa sng yon 4 Makes oulding. Sold with or with- 8” Bench Lathe Doesturning, drilling, thread- ing, sawing, sanding, grinding and jig sawing in wood or soft SS B TOonZzeE metals, Swings 8-inch. Capacity earings. 19 inches bet ween centers. All Boice Machines driven by 4 to 4% H. P. motor attached to light socket. W.B. & J. E. Boice Dept. P.S. 3-B, Toledo, Ohio out motor. . § stock. Uses j blades #; to 3-inch wide. © ae lglome Worlksinos| What Tools Do You Need? (Continued from page 88) Screwdriver bit, % in. or % in. (6) Bit stock drills for metal, %, %s6, %, and % jn, (4 or more votes each) ‘ Automatic drill with drill pcints (4) Hand drill with drill points (4) Screwdrivers, 4 in. and 8 or 10 in. (6) Pliers-—ccmbination, 6 or 8 in. (6); round Nose 5 in. (5) ’ Files—Saw-files, 5 and 6 in. (4); flat or mili bastard, 8, 10 or 12 in. (6); round bastard, '6 or 8 in. (6); half round bastard, 6 or 8 in. (5); cabinet or wood file, 8 or 10 in. (5); cabinet rasp, 8 or 10 in, (5); auger bit file (5) Try-square, 6 or 8 in. or combination square (6) Steel (framing) square (4) Sliding T-bevel, 8 in. (6) Boxwood folding rule, 2 ft. (5) Zigzag rule, 4 ft. (5) Cabinet scraper, 3 by 5 in. (6) Marking gage, wooden, or mortise gage (6) Dowel plate (5) Scriber or divider with pencil point, 6 in. (6) Bench, Sloyd, or pocket knife (4) Spokeshave (4) Drawknife, 8 or 10 in. (4) Pipe wrench, 10 in. (4), 16 in. (2) Monkey wrench, 10 in. (5), 12 in. (1) Tinner’s snips (6) Level and plumb, 24 in. (4) Miter box, wooden or metal (4) Glass cutter (6) Tool grinder (5) Hand screws, one pair, 10 in. (6) Cabinetmaker’s clamps, one pair 3 ft. or 5 ft. (6) Burnisher for scraper (4) Saw set (4) Wrecking bar, small (4) File card or cleaner (5) Oilstone, artificial combination (4), Arkansas (a natural stone) (3) Nail sets, 46 and 4% in. (6) Oilcan (6) Cold chisel, % in. (6) Half hatchet (5) Saw vise (4) Soldering copper, 1'% Ib. (4), % Ib. (3) Putty knife (6) Glue pot and brush (4) Bench with quick-acting wcodworker’s vise (6) One point of interest in regard to this list is the fact that a wide difference of opinion developed as to the best lengths of saws. Two of the jurors thought that both a 22-in. and a 24-in. crosscut saw should be included in the list; two of the other jurors voted for a 26-in. crosscut saw, and the remaining two gave a vote apiece for a 22- and a 24-in. saw. In the ripsaw classification one vote was cast for a 22-in. saw, two for a 24-in. saw, and three for a 26-in. saw. The difference of opinion, of course, was due to the belief of some of our jurors that the amateur mechanic should follow the example of the professional woodworker and select a large saw so as to get the benefit of a long stroke, and if he wishes todo fine and delicate work, to buy a saw specially designed for fine cutting and sharpen it accordingly. The opposing view was that in doing small work, which comprises the majority of home workshop jobs, the ama- teur usually finds it easier to control'a shorter saw. Boiled down, it is largely a matter of personal preference, provided the time element does not enter into con- sideration; for fast work a large saw should be used. Finally the jury was asked to name the ideal home workshop outfit—a complete equipment, such as will take care of the needs of the amateur mechanic interested alike in house repairs, general woodwork and all sorts of cabinetmaking. The Ideal Home Workshop Outfit All the tools mentioned in the preceding list and— Tack hammer (4 votes) : Light bell-faced nail hammer, about 13 02z., 18 in addition to nail hammer weighing a pourd or 4 little more for ordinary work (3) Riveting hammer, 8 oz. (2) Upholsterer’s hammer, %-in. face (3) Soft mallet, rawhide or rubber (3) ; Crosscut saws, 22 and 26 in. in place of the single crosscut saw mentioned in the preceding list (4) (Continued on page 92) © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTifUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

Better workmen prefer better saws and _ tools; better hardware dealers everywhere sell them; the ATKINS name on the blade guarantees a better saw for every purpose. Ask for our booklet ‘Saw Sense,” containing valuable information for _ every man who uses tools.

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Pome, Oo 3 aoe | Wade alae. <1 —. WY eA — ESTABLISHED

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& This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

Page 94

Compare the cross-section of a Simonds Saw with any ordinary saw. The distinctive taper grinding of the Simonds Blue Ribbon Hand Saw insures ease of cutting — better results with less effort. TAPE + x < a

al The Simonds reputation a for quality cutting tools, ; born of a near century of ex- perience, is your guarantee of quality in any Simonds Saw you buy. Users of Simonds Cross-Cut and Circular Saws have learned to depend upon Simonds quality. Every Simonds Saw MUST be perfect. Ask your dealer to show you a Simonds. i , 4 © © SIMONDS SAW AND STEEL CO., Fitchburg, Mass. : ; a “The Saw Makers” Established 1832 Branch Stores and Service Shops in Principal Cities. Pronounced SI-MONDS SAWS FILES KNIVES STEEL POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 1926

IMONDS

do for fit off tor

lien Shop Special No. 7 Make a real shop in your basement This handy Parks woodworker is complete shop equipment in itself. With it you can furr niture, radio cabinets—anything. Built fror latt real machine ideal for home use. Send The Parks Ball Bearing Machine Co. 1547 Knowlton St., Cincinnati, Ohio Canadian Factory: 200 Notre Dame East, Montreal, Canada P WOODWORKING MACHINES

all sorts of cabinet work. Make toys, close, accurate work, yet small enough to in a corner of your basement. Operates n light socket. Has motor rip and cut- circular saw, jointer and bandsaw. Add re and shaper at slight extra cost. A circular.

AR Mitiet | suite bint ort teentifl

1738 Power St., Cincinnati, Ohio

ical Jane mailed free upon request.

The Electrical Servant Mechanical Jane is an electrical servant that cuts kitchen work in half. Does mixing, beat- ing, polishing of silverware and cutlery, grinds meat and coffee, slices vegetables, crushes ice, and many other things that require tiresome work. Twelve attachments—easy to change. No modern home complete without it. Latest booklet describing the usefulness of Mechan- Mechanical Kitchen Service Co.

} a

ee | | dée Tome Worlsshop! What Tools Do You Need? (Continued from page 90) Dovetail saw, 8 in. (2) Turning saw, 18 in. (3) Combination plane (6) Rabbet and filletster plane (3) Router (3) Chisels—socket firmer, % in. (3); beveled edge butt, 1% in. (3) Gouges—firmer beveled outside, %, 4%, and % in. (4); beveled inside, % in. (5) Auger bits—complete set up to % in. Bits—gimlet, Nos. 2 to 8 (3) Square reamer (3) Screwdriver bit, % in. (3) Automatic (spiral) screwdriver (4) Jeweler’s screwdriver (5) Pliers—fiat nose, 6 in. (4) Files—saw, 5 in. (3); flat or mill bastard, 8 and 12 in. (6); hand file, smooth, 10 in. (3); square, 6, 8, or 10 in. (3) Combination square (5) (as well as try-square) Mortise marking gage (2) Bit depth gage (4) Pincers, carpenter’s, 6 or 8 in. (4) Brad awl (4) Pipe wrenches, 10 in. (5), 16 in. (3) Adjustable iron miter box (4) Cabinetmaker’s miter block (2) Doweling jig (5) Bench duster (3) Plumb bob and line (3) Hand screws, at least a pair each, 4 and 10 in.(6) Cabinetmaker’s clamps, one pair 3 ft. (5), one pair 5 ft. (4) : Inside calipers, 6 or 8 in. (3) Outside cal pers, 6 or 8 in. (3) Oilstones—Arkansas (4), India combination (4), assorted slipstones (4) Carving chisels—set of 6 or 12 (3) Prick punch (4) Scratch awl (3) Center punch (5) Machinist’s vise, 3'’2-in. jaws (6) Cabinetmaker’s bench with two wooden vises and bench stops, or bench mentioned in the preced- ing list (6) Blowtorch (5) Pipe vise, if machinist’s vise does not have pipe jaws (3) Taps and dies, small set (6) Sandpaper block, cork or rubber faced, home- made or purchased (6) Many other woodworking tools, of course, were given consideration. It was conceded by the jurors that additional tools often came in useful for special work, but the consensus of opinion was that the wisest plan for the average home worker is to purchase such tools as the need for them arises, so that they will not merely lie around in his toolchest, but will be of service from the outset. Tools in this classification are: Edge trimming plane, scraper plane, dado plane, curve rabbet plane, dovetail tongue-and-groove plane, shooting board and plane, various special cabinetmaker’s planes, corner chisel, many types of files and bits, butt gage, bolt clipper, car- penter’s pincers, picture frame and other special types of vises, bench brackets and bench dogs, panel and cutting gages, beam compass, bit and square level, cornering tool, plug cutting bit, dowel sharpener, extension bit holder, circular glass cutter. The tools listed are mainly for wood- working; for what might be called a “home machine shop” the assortments would be altogether different. Mr. Peacock expressed the opinion, however, that no home workshop could be regarded as complete without a bench lathe, and he would include it in both the third and fourth lists. The lathe should have a drill chuck to take drills up to 4% in. He would also include twist drills, wire gage, in sizes from No. 1 to 60. As the subject of selecting tools involves so many elements of interest to amateur mechanics, the Home Workshop Editor will be very glad to hear from readers and to publish any letters that promise to help other home workers.

© This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ee ae oe. a SARGENT PLANES Sargent Steel Block Plane No. 5206 Sargent Auto-Set Bench Plane No. 714 Are the planes you use at home or school as fine as these Sargent favorites? THESE Sargent Planes are popular tools with carpenters, manual training instruc- tors and students, and chaps with home workshops. The reason is not hard to find. They are professional tools through and through—time-tested and proved most worthy. Carpenters find them superior for the most difficult jobs. Many school and home work benches can also testify to the quality of the work they do. They resist wear, seldom if ever needing repair or replacement. The Sargent Auto-Set Bench Plane No. 714—the larger of the two illustrated —is particularly easy to adjust. The cut- ter of wear-resisting chromium steel can be removed, resharpened and replaced without changing original adjustments. How cleanly and quickly it cuts—across the grain, against the grain and over rough or knotty surfaces, with never the slightest chatter. The Auto-Set is quite a time-saver—a tool of delightful “feel” and balance. It makes the big jobs easy. The Sargent Steel Block Plane No. 5206 is a convenient plane for the smaller jobs. The low angle of cutter particu- larly fits it for end work. The cutter here, as in every Sargent Plane, is of chromium steel—selected because of its unusual edge-holding ability. These two planes will take care of practically every job you'll ever have. They are versatile, dependable, lasting —and really most economical. You'll be proud to own both. See them at almost any good hardware store and write us now for free descriptive booklets. SARGENT & COMPANY, Manufacturers, 50 Water Street, New Haven, Conn. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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Why Not Cultivate YOUR Musical Bump? Resolve now to have the pleasure and profit which are yours when you play a Conn in- strument. You have the talent— if you can whistle you can learn to play. Entertain your friends, play professionally whole or part time, as you wish. Increase your income. America spends millions for music; getyourshare. With a Conn you learn to play quickly. Exclusive features make Conn the choice of the world’s great- est artists. On the Conn saxophone you get the patented tuning device, im- proved simplified key system, straight mouth-pipe, integral sockets, with tolled edges and above all, the new Conn-foil vacuum pads. Let us tell you about these fea- tures in detail. With all their exclusive features Conns Cost No More. Free Trial, Easy Payments Send coupon now for free book, “ Success in Music and Howto Win It,” by Sousa and other famous artists, and de- tails of trial offer. Men- tion instrument. Conn is the only maker of ev- ery instrument for the band. No obligation; send coupon now. INSTRUMENTS WORLDS LARGEST MANUFACTURERS C. G. CONN, Ltd., 332 Conn Bldg., Elkhart. Ind. Please send *‘Success in Music”’ and details of free trial on Pee eae e+ Sete veowwe PE aout wh beens ke 6 oeS beat as couse Sess seer Ee ES BOS ck Gb bab bach soesendw as does 5S eee SS ere State, County.... (Use pencil, please) 9 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY amateur to use a “layout rod”’—a stick of wood upon which have been marked the dimensions of the opening. Be sure to mark carefully the location of the middle bar and the total length and width. The parts of the frame then are marked. About \ in. is added to the height for fit- ting, but the width should be exact. It is best to fasten the side pieces in the vise or a clamp (Fig. 2) and mark the extreme length of both at once. Next, use the cross pieces to lay off the exact loca- tion of the ledge or recessed butt joints How to Make Your Own Screens (Continued from page 74) Fig. 10. Boring 14-in. dowel holes in a door frame after the parts are clamped together (these are shown most clearly in the cen- tral photograph on page 74) and draw lines across with the try-square. Continue lines down oneach surface fora distance of 4 in. Using a marking gage set to 4 in., score lines as shown in Fig. 3 from the extreme end of the pieces to the mark for the cross rails. Do this on both sides and also mark for the Center bar. If there is any likelihood that the side pieces are un- even in width, the gaging can be done from the outside edge with the gage set at 14% in., or 1 in. less than the width. Place two or more pieces in the vise, make cross cuts down to the gage lines (Fig. 4), and then rip off the wood to be removed (Fig. 5), taking care to cut close to the line. If the surfaces are not true, a chisel may be used to straighten them and a chisel must be used, of course, to remove the wood for the middle bar. Next, cut the cross pieces to the exact length required, preferably in a miter box, as the ends must be square. After the frame has been tested both for size and squareness, nail it with eightpenny finish- ing nails, as shown in Fig. 6. In this work, as in all other exposed to outdoor weather conditions, it is well to apply white lead or thick paint liberally to the joints before nailing them together. Lay the frame on the bench and smooth both sides with the plane, particularly over the joints, and rub the whole surface with rather coarse sandpaper. (Fig. 7). Both window and door frames should be painted, oiled or varnished before the wire cloth is applied. Dark green and black are practical colors, and do not show the dirt. Apply a thin priming coat and paint. At least three coats are necessary if frames are to be painted a good white. one or two coats of the ready mixed screen _ The frame is now ready for the screen cloth, which preferably should be copper or some alloy that will not require the fre- quent painting that is needed to preserve both galvanized and ordinary black wire screening. The mesh should not be larger than No.-16 and finer weaves can be ob- tained if conditions require it. Extra heavy grades for screen doors are avail- able at well-stocked hardware stores, With copper insect screen cloth, copper tacks are essential, because when other metals come in contact with copper, cor- rosion may occur. ‘Tacks should be 5¢ or3, in. long. For galvanized and black wire cloth use No. 24% common blued tacks, The usual method of stretching wire is to tack one side and pull the opposite side as tightly as possible; then, without much stretching, tack along the third side, and finally tack the fourth side, stretching tightly. If the screen cloth has been roughly handled and kinked, it is practi- cally impossible to stretch it perfectly flat. Amateurs sometimes have difficulty in the stretching process, but it is a simple matter to obtain all the pressure necessary by the method illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9. First nail a strip of wood firmly to the bench and tack the end of the wire cloth to it. Butt one end of the screen against the strip and elevate the far end on another strip of wood. ‘Tack the wire at the far end, pulling it taut as possible (Fig. 9). Then remove the support and lower the frame into a horizontal position. If this Fig. 11. After the joints and holes have been coated with glue, the dowels are driven home does not stretch the wire sufficiently, thin wedges can be driven between the screen and the end strip before tacking the wire at that end, that is, the end adjacent to the wedges. The remaining sides then may be tacked as described above. Screen molding, either half round or of other shapes, may be bought. Plain strips \% by % in. will serve, and they can be made by hand. The corners may be mi- tered or fitted with a butt joint. If the latter is used, the short pieces are fitted against the upright ones. The moldings are nailed in place with 4- in. brads. The wire edges may be trim- med with an old but sharp chisel or knife before or after the molding is applied. A substantial screen door can be made also by the same process, except that 1t 18 (Continued on page 96) ws IS] This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. omg F —— ——s wh!) gee) eee

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY can use this || dependable material When your plaster ceilings crack or fall.....when you need more space in your attic.....when you want to do “odd jobs’”..... See how Upson Board will help you in your home, store or office ee Sey oe PSON Board comes in big panels of studs—in one-third the time of plaster. tough processed wood fibre that When painted, you can keep it clean apply right over old plaster or direct to and fresh with a damp cloth. Properly applied, it should never warp or buckle. For ceilings—there is nothing better at any price. Itisnot dangerously heavy. — a Se a om oe. a For insulating—laboratory tests prove Upson Board 10% better than plaster twice as thick. Its use saves fuel. For sheathing—Upson Board stiffens the framework—adds warmth—and is less costly to apply. Laboratory tests prove Upson Board 25% to 200% stronger than ordinary sheathings. Write for helpful blue-print— Why not try Upson Board on a single ceiling thatneedsrepairs—orin your attic to provide additional space and reduce the cost of heating? Mail the coupon. For baths and kitchens. Upson Fibre-Tile comes in big, sturdy panels that build tile- like walls at 1/10th the cost of ceramic tile. For sheathing. ‘“‘Heat and cold .broofing For insulating. “Extremely cool in summer- time, comfort- ably warm in winter.’ C. F. : Do you like —_ ani, Reds, me” I : to build things? You'll be surprised to see how ceilings, partitions, insulation, Waldboro, e of easily youcan use Upson Board _ sheathing, closets, store rooms, 13 to make waste baskets, table cabinets, laundries, screens, e tops, cabinets, dozens of other table mats, fruit cellars, are 4 useful articles. just a few of the things that In fact, there is almost no limit may be built with this depend- to Upson Board uses. Walls, able building material. / G [PROCESSED | h- fe Look for the famous Blue-Center a THE UPSON COMPANY 327 Upson Point Lockport, New York Enclosed find ten cents for finished samples of Upson Board and Upson Fibre-Tile and for blue print for WALLS -- CEILINGS :: SHEATHING :: INSULATION IS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% Your Own ti: Shop with a ‘‘ LITTLE SAVAGE GRINDER’’ One Man Made Within a Few Weeks Reports $ 1 00 Under Our Wonderful New Big Profit Plan, Sent FREE! BE YOUR OWN BOSS! Know the joy of manly independence. BE FREE! Come and go as you please. SHARP- EN Lawn Mowers, Paper Cutter Knives, Planer Knives, Cutlery, Skates, Make Keys—every household, every store is your customer. Permanent, pleasant, easy business. And your own snug little shop! Write today for our Big Profit Plan—it’s FREE. Just ad- dress BROWN MACHINERY CO. GREENEVILLE, TENN. Sure, Steady Ouick, Easy Profits ‘¢B-T)— your | protection Look for the B-T name. To the novice, it is real insurance against an unwise choice—the experienced fan knows the B-T reputation and won’t take anything “just as good.”’ ; Bremer-Tully honestly believe that each part sold by them is the best available to the radio buyer—for example— B-T SOCKET A tube socket that accommodates the present or old type base, the new UX large base and the UX dry battery tube. No adapters necessary. The contact, the important thing, is accomplished by phosphor-bronze springs which are pressed back and are strong enough to maintain con- stant pressure. The side cutting action makes a clean fresh contact without harming the tube. The springs cannot work loose or be pushed sidewise. Connections are made by soldering to the spring itself or by means of a knurled nut with m& a keyed head. 4 It is careless to ask your dealer for ‘‘five sockets.’’ They are too important to the operation of your set. Ask for B-T Sockets. The price is 75 cents each. © TOROSTYLE rn. TRANSFORMER : a BA J Not merely another toroid but a carefully EN designed air core transformer, the product of SRS i the inventor of the Nameless and Counter- - phase circuits. When used in an efficient cir- cuit, the Torostyle reduces pick up of local signals as well as intercoupling and stray feed backs. The terminals are accessible for easy wiring and the general appearance of the coil com- mands instant attention. The Torostyle is very efficient when used in the Counterphase circuit, in fact it was de- Sc. signed to be used with it. The Torostyle and 4 pet. the Counterphase circuit have done much to Y 23. dd to B -Tull ige. . BU oe ee 1925 Made in ae aes dey a specific pur- B 7 se) by it 1 pose-—— is j ayes ag a Sele vnbie a eee eaae ‘TOROSTYLE” FOR TypeT4. «sd. | goo EASY YYIRING “BETTER TUNING,” an 80-p1ce hooklet, describes the application of the Torostyle transformers to the Counter phase circuit, also descrives the general line of B-T parts. Sont on receipt of 10 cents. BREMER-TULLY MANUFACTURING CO. 532 So. Canal St. Chicago, Il. dée Iiome Worlsshop| How to Make Your Own Screens (Continued from page 94) necessary to use dowels in the joints. The stock used for doors should be 1% or 1{ in. thick. The stiles (uprights) should not be less than 31% in. wide, the top rail at least the same width, the bottom rail 9 in, or more, and the middle rail from 4 to § in. A door is laid out 44 in. wider than the opening and from 14 to 1% in. longer, After the joints are fitted in the same manner as has been suggested for window screens, lay the door on some cross pieces on the bench and apply clamps as shown in Fig. 10. Test for squareness and see that there is no twist in the frame. Then mark for the dowels, using a marking gage and try-square, and bore -in. holes with an auger bit as shown. Let the bit go into the cross rails not less than 2 in. Two dowels should be used in the top and middle rails and three in the bottom rail. If dowels are not to be obtained readily at the lumber yard or hardware store, they can be made by hand. After all the holes are bored, remove the clamps and put glue in the joints and in the holes of the cross rails. Then assemble the parts, put the clamps on, apply glue thinly to the dowels and drive them in place as shown in Fig. 11. Be sure to plane a small flat along the dowels or cut a notch or saw kerf along them beforehand so that the air and surplus glue can escape. Otherwise you are very likely to split the cross rails. The door then should be smoothed and the screen wire applied as already de- scribed. It pays as a rule, especially if there are children in the house, to protect the lower part of the door with a panel of heavy wire cloth, fastened next to the in- sect screen cloth with staples. Metal braces for doors, spring hinges, corner irons, latches, and stops are usually obtainable at hardware stores. Porch screens can be made, of course, exactly as described for doors and win- dows, but it is advisable not to have the sections wider than 3 ft. The method of fitting and hanging window screens is exactly the same as that described for storm sash by F. E. Tustison in an article on page 69 of the November, 1925, number of PopuLar SciENCE MONTHLY. How to Identify Door Keys without Looking at Them OOR keys may be iden- tified readily by touch alone, if marked in any of the ways illus- trated. In A, a hole is drilled large enough to be felt easily. In B, a piece of fine wire is wrapped around the key and the ends are soldered. In C, one or two holes are drilled and rivets oF small bolts are inserted. —Haro.p Sit. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. March, 1

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Kolster Six, dual control, loud speaker enclosed, space for batteries. A Parade of Stations One station after another parades by as you turn the Kolster regulator. No meaning- less combination of numbers, but the actual names of the stations. Whatever is on the air comes in easily, per- fectly. To play a Kolster is easier than playing a phonogtaph. Radio programs assume new magic—but it is not that their transmission is bettered. The secret is in Kolster perfected reception and reproduction. Investigate these statements. Hear the Kolster. You will be surprised and delight- ed. Never have you heard such reproduc- tion. FEDERAL TELEGRAPH COMPANY (of California) Woolworth Building, New YorkCity POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 97 . Ade luxe Radio, but not expensive In Countless Ways a Kolster is Superior Upon the Kolster has been conferred acknowledged leader- ship in several directions. In tonal qualities, Kolster reproduction isa distiact advance- ment. To hear a Kolster is a revelation. In simplified operation, a Kolster is unique. Note its easy tuning. In selectivity and sensitivity, also in every mechanical re- quirement, a Kolster is superb. In beauty, too, a Kolster offers the ultimate. Miss Elsie de Wolfe, the world’s greatest authority on interior decoration, is designing Kolster cabinets. Compare a Kolster with what you now think ideal. Your conception of perfected radio will be revised undoubtedly. To hear and see a Kolster is to know radio at its best. Have -a Kolster demonstrated in your own home or at a Kolster dealer’s. The Kolster owner is not only offered all these advance- ments but he is guaranteed satisfaction by the manufacturer. So great is Kolster value, so readily is it recognized, that dis- criminating people everywhere are not content with a lesser instrument. | KOLSTER RADIO © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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ELECTRICAL EXPERTS IN DEMAND Good positions await trained men Salaries of $12 to $30 a day not unusual Tue Execrricat field needs men. It needs them badly. Hardly a week or month passes but what some new use for electricity 1s dis- covered. Each new use means new positions— better positions —for men who have trained themselves as experts in this wonderfully fascinating work. Why don’t you study electricity and pre- pare for a good position at a good salary? You can do it right at home in spare time through the International Correspondence Schools. Best electrical home-study courses ever offered. Endorsed by Edison and Stein- metz. Successful students everywhere. Mark and mail the coupon today for descriptive booklet ° TEAR OUT HERE INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS Box 7685-D, Scranton, Penna. Oldest and largest corres pondence schools in the world * Explain, without obligating me, how I can qualify for the position, or in the subject, before which I mark X. ELECTRICAL ENGINEER ee tend ENGINEER eee SALESMANSHIP Electric Wiring Slectric Lightiog ADVERTISING MAN bonny el en ag Heavy Electric Traction ow Card and Sign Paint” Electrical Draftsman eee Electric Machine Designer DESIG Telegraph Expert “ Practical Telephony BUSINESS MANAGEMENT Electric Car Running MECHANIOAL ENGINEER oe eng EE Mechanical Draftsman BOOKKEEPER Machine Shop Practice Tookaacer Stenographer and Typis« Cert. Pub. Accountant Gas Engineer i CIVIL ENGINEER iaaeiee ede and Mapping GOOD ENGLISH ning Engineer TAT AR ARCHITECT iS} IONARY ENGINEER CIVIL SERVICE Railway Mail Clerk Textile ore - Supt. Architectural Draftsman ponoodoo0o000000o00o Architects’ Blue Prints PLUMBING AND HEATING AGRICULTU Sheet Metal Worker Poultry Raleing It | Spank out Navigator Automobil Name. Present Business — oO pation. Address Street and No City. State WRITE FOR CATALOG RANDOLPH RADIO CORP. 159 N. UNION AV. Dept. 3. CHICAGO, ILL. Make More Money Read the Money Making Oppor- tunities on pages 128F to 158 of this issue. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19, Solving the Famous Block Puzzle in Sixteen Ways By Artuur L. Situ S* COMMON is the block puzzle that nearly everybody has tried at some time or other to put one together. It may be thought that all block puzzles are alike. The truth is that they may be of almost endless variety. The whittler may design new ones at will. The puzzle usually consists of six pieces, 144 by 4% by 2 in. One is a plain block, but the others are cut so that all may be fitted together. The illustration shows how the various pieces may be formed. A is the plain key How to whittle the pieces required for six- teen different solutions of the block puzzle block; it is the last piece to be put in and locks the others in place. All the cuts in the other pieces are 4 in. deep and 4, %, or lin. long. They are always 4 or 34 m. from the ends. C and D are alike, except that one is right and the other left. With a set of 18 blocks, three of B, two each of F, H, and J, and one each of A, C, D, E, G, I, K, L, and M, 16 different puzzles may be formed. The order given below is that in which the blocks may be taken for putting them in place. I. DC Bare first fitted, then FE B, and the two latter are slid into place, leaving an opening for A. I. FGBBBA. WJIBFBBA. IVI HHBBA. V.JKBHBA. VLILBBBA. VILBBHKGA. VIN.HHFBKA. IX.FHFBBA. All the above combinations have the key block A. In the two following there is no key block and when the joints fit snugly, they are almost as difficult to take apart as to put together: X. J GBB are fitted, then J K and the latter inserted. XI. J E BH first; then B M. A number of combinations may be formed that leave in the center a hollow space that is not discernible when the puzzle is put together. The following are examples: XI. DJBBBA. XI FHB SA. ZIV.-JBBwAB A. XV. £ HDBBA. XVI. J FE BI first, then B and I or F (no key block). All the foregoing, except two, were origi. nally designed, but others may have hit upon many of the same combinations, It is quite possible that by selecting diffe. ent blocks out of the series, other combj. nations differing from those given may be formed. It would take too much space to describe the solutions more clearly here, but that is just as well. The reader who makes any set given will have the pleasure of puzzling it out for himself, Puzzle fans the country over will be glad to know that thisisonly the first ofa series of articles by the Rev. Arthur |, Smith. To those who are not familiar with his reputation as an authority on puzzles it is sufficient to say that he was for some time the editor of the magazine of the National Puzzlers League. He has the happy faculty of describing easily made puzzles that will interest the beginner and at the same time amuse the veteran puzzler. This article is a good example, because some of the solutions are simple and others intricate. If you are an old hand at the block puzzle, try solution No. V first. Walnut End Table with Handmade epee! Legs ” MAKING by hand the legs of the walnut end table or console table illustrated, I used a method that has been previ- ously described in PoruLaR SCIENCE MonTHLy. The top of the table was cut from a piece of walnut 1 by 10 by 18 in. The front corners were cut off as shown and the top planed, scraped, and sanded. It would have been possible, of course, to make the top semi- circular. Stock 14 in. square was used for the legs. Each end was left square for 5 in.; the remainder was carved in a spiral. In making legs of small diameter it is best to use a comparatively long pitch, so a strip of paper about 2 in. wide was wrapped around the legs to serve as a guide for marking spirals. The legs were attached to the frame with mortise March, as a ae oe a ae ee. eo ee Qa and tenon joints and the top fixed in place with three small steel angles. A table of this type may be given either a_ well rubbed and some- what dull varnish finish or a shellac and wax finish. —R. E. DEERING. ALL Joes ARE MORTISED AND TENONED How the parts of the table are assembled IS) This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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March, 1926 9 MILLION Families Have Made Us The WORLD'S LARGEST STORE G, World leadership can never be the result of an accident. It must be merited. And acon- tinuance of this leadership for years proves that the merit has been well won. G One family out of every three in America buys from the World’s Largest Store be- cause we sell them better goods for less money. “The Thrift Book of a Nation” is the guide to economy in these homes. G Our new Spring Catalog is ready now! Every page proves anew that the World’s Largest Store gives the World’s Biggest Bargains. But notin low price alone does Sears, Roebuck and Co. excel. We guarantee our goods— because we carry the kind of merchandise that can be honestly guaranteed. G, Remember we value your good will above everything else. Remember we sell only ‘a merchandisethat will give you 7] POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Women like to buy from the World’s Largest Store because they know the quality of our apparel is dependable. They know, too, that our prices are unbeatable and our styles most appealing. You should have our New Catalog to know what women are wearing this season. A rod and areel, a baseball and a mitt, atent and a cooking out- fit, a set of new tires and tubes —these are the things you buy in the spring if you’ rethe kind that enjoys the great outdoors. No high prices in these lines— 99 We are value leaders. Our men’s clothing and furnishing departments prove it tothesatis- ne of 9,000,000 families. ‘oumake the greatest savings whether youbuy for men,womere or children if your selections are fromthe Thrift Book. And we give real 24-hour service. but lots of quality. Our new catalog shows 35,000 bargains. Most every American farmer can tell you of the excellence of our farm implements. They can tell you, also, of the big savings they made by buying from the World’s Largest Store. No mat- ter what you want for the farm, we have it—and at prices which enable us to guarantee a saving. To help make your home more livable, to help you enjoy greater comforts is one of our most pleasant tasks. We have paint to brighten it up; new furnitureto add to its attrac- tiveness; new utilities to make the mig? | of home-keeping easier. And we have lower prices on everything! honest service. Rememberwe |\\ Sears. Roebuck and Co. TI ship 99 out of every 100 orders in less than 24 hours. Remem- ber we guarantee a saving. G_ If you are going to buy any- thing this spring, whether it be - for family, home, farm or shop, you must have our catalog — “TheThrift Book of a Nation.” Itisanindextothe best values. G, We have a copy for you. Just fill in and mail the cou- pon! But do it teday. —a end Chicago « Philadelphia - Kansas City + Dallas + Seattle SEND FOR YOUR FREE COPY OF OUR THRIFT BOOK ) Maui the Coupon > ~ Wor._p's LARGEST STORE [5 We Own and Operate Super-Power Radio Broadcasting Station W-L-S—= Tune in on 345 Meters Mail the coupon TODAY to the store nearest you y SEARS, ROEBUCK AND CO. i Chicago « Philadelphia + Kansas City + Dallas + Seattle Send me your big Spring and Summer Catalog 91P53 I Name 4 I Postoffice a §, Rural Rout: Lox No. - Street and No. I Shall we send FREE our Wall Paper Sample Book? rIS} __ This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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im BURGESS BATTERY TWO T TT hy al | a noe se es "Bee > & &. CF OFA ue SA - WA ZT ZOE LS, yew | Why Buya Burgess Flashlight? HY buy fire, life, theft or automobile insur- | ance? Or why lock your | doors? Simply to guarantee that in emergencies you will VAAN OSAENIOD NEA CX ES venient and positive guaran- tee that will guard, guide and aid youagainst the dangersand ©}, inconvenience of darkness. Don’t buy just a flashlight. Ask for Burgess. Look for the distinctive package. The suc- cess of Burgess Radio Batter- ies has proved conclusively the quality of all products of the Burgess Battery Company. cA Laboratory Product Burcess BATTERY ComMPANY GENERAL SALES OFFICE: CHICAGO Canadian Factories and Offices: Niagara Falls and Winnipeg BURGESS FLASHLIGHTS & BATTER! ES A NZS. CA\ >» OY NO CZE G B\y S) receive definite assistanceand | protection in one form or an- Ry other which will overcome @ the immediate danger and [py possible loss. (a iN 2) Burgess Flashlights have |e _ for many years been a con- x => Ni SL aS SS Le POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY dée Tome Workshop. How to Make a Seesaw (Continued from page 82) Bill of Materials No. Pcs. Part > 2 is. 1 Top board........ % 9% 78 2 Side and rocker {ee 1% 17% 36 1 Stiffening block.... 2 10 22 2 Broomstick handles 17 Stout screws, heavy nails, colored pic- tures, flat white paint, putty, white enamel, and varnish All dimensions are in inches 17-in. lengths of broomstick. They were cut flat on the bottom for the width of the board and held down with stout screws, countersunk so there would be no projections to catch tender young hands. In the center part they were nailed and screwed from below so as to have suffi- cient strength to resist rough usage. All the upper or under edges with which children possibly could come in contact were rounded carefully with a plane or jack-knife. The outfit then was sandpapered and given one coat of flat white paint, fol- lowed by a coat of white enamel. After the latter had dried thoroughly, large colored pictures of scenes interesting to children were cut from various maga- zines and pasted on the sides and top. Then a coat of heavy varnish was ap- plied over all. The pictures show through this, yet they are covered and protected. While originally of a pure white appear- ance, the color has changed gradually to a pleasing old ivory tint. This is probably because of the heavy coat of varnish. If it were desired to retain the white color permanently, a very light varnish coat or perhaps two coats of thin, colorless shel- lac might be used instead. The whole thing is just heavy enough so that the children cannot move it around without considerable effort. As a result it stays pretty close to the place where it is put, whether on the porch, in the yard, or in the playroom. The writer constructed it from material on hand, so that it cost no more than the labor and trouble involved. However, it is believed that the lumber could be bought, as well as the nails, screws, paint, and varnish, for five dollars. That is a small price to pay for the amount of pleasure the children are able to get from the seesaw. Fitting Irregular -Joints HE amateur carpenter who must fit a board or framework against an irregular sur- face, can make a templet from a strip of sheet lead or common wire solder. Lightly Z -hammer the soft , metal against the ‘ irregular surface, bend the ends at right angles as shown, and then use it to mark the mating = TEMPLET OF WIRE SOLDER ‘WOODEN LATTICEWORK part.—W. J. E. Compare the points~at the pen counter where quality is apparent~ The right test is the write test~ Y 4 Moore ns are Not on sale at every store. at better stores everywhere ~ _ MOORE PEN CO. BOSTON - Mass, THE WONDER MACHINE SHOP ONLY $3.50 FAMOUS LITTLE HUSTLER MOTOR FREE A marvelous emery and buffing wheel, 444” high, a bench drill, nearly 6” tall, a three pulley counter — with plenty of spiral belting and connectors. All for $3.50. AND FREE, the famous Little Hustler Motor (runs on a single dry cell), compkte with switch, worth $1.75, FREE, Knapp Electric Corporation ! Toy Division Dept. 108} Port Chester, N. Y. Stop Tsing a Truss are ARTS Pl LAPAO- PADS different flares e truss, feing medicine a made self-adhesive ewe to hold the distended musc! ot. slip, so cannot chafe orpress against the pubic bone. Thousands hae a qumcuteiiy crashes emselves at home withou — facsimile jindrance from work—most PR cases Conquered, oe Spat ~tyemeenatnn, Awarded &ola Medal’ and ‘and Grand Pri Process of recover: A so afterwards no a 4 A use for trusses, prove it by sending Trial of Plapao absolutely FREE Write name on Coupon and send TODAY. Plapso Co., 137 Gtuart Bidg., St. Louis, Mo. Name..-. eee 6 Songs, words and music; 25 Pictures ped tirls; 40 Ways to Make eo 1 Joke Book; 1 Book on Love; 1 M Book; 1 Book on Letter Writing: {Dream Book and Fortune Teller; 1 Cook Book; — Ball Book, ae rules for games; Toy Maker Boo Language of Flow- ae 1 Morse Telegraph Alphahes 12 Chemical Experiments; gic Age Table; Great North Pole Game; 1 Conundrums; 3 Puzzles; 12 Games; postag' ~ 4, givi AMERICAN MOTOR CYCLE co. 2047 W. nee Ave., Dept.334, Chicago rIS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. 230 Verses for Autograph Albums. All the me by mail for 10 cts. and 2 cts. It is simp! Nelsc paed tiona man, Co SIR | SIE Roa Wal Stor Mos San Fra Ge Jok Ric Ch He Ch

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3 le es March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 161 Equal to a Library of 3000 Volumes It is no exaggeration, but the simple, literal truth, to say that Nelson’s Loose-Leaf-Encyclo- paedia is of the greatest educa- tional value to the professional man, business man and student Editor-in-Chief JOHN H. FINLEY, LL.D. Commissioner of Education and President of the University of the State of New York 1913-1921 Canadian Editor IR ROBERT A. FALCONER, K. C. M. G., . D.LITT., LL.D. President, University of Toronto European Editor SIR HENRY J. NEWBOLT, LL.D., D.LITT. . Edinburgh, Scotland Advisory Board ald Amundsen : is Arctic and Antarctic Explorer Wallace W. Atwood, B.S., Ph.D. U.S. Geologicol Survey Stockton Axson, Litt.D., L-H.D. American Red Cross, 1917-19 Moses N. Baker, C.E., Ph.B. ; Engineering News-Record Samuel A. Baldwin 2 E College of the City of New York Frank Billings, M.D., Sc.D. (Harvard) _ University of Chicago George Rothwell Brown The Washington Post John J. Carty, D.Eng., D.Sc., LL.D. American Telephone & Telegraph Co. Arthur Robert Crathorne, Ph.D. pe University of Illinois Richard T. Ely, A.M., Ph.D., LL.D. ; University of Wisconsin Charles W. Foss ; Financial Editor, Ruilway Age Henry S. Graves, A.B., A.M. ; U.S. Forestry Service Charles Holmes Herty, Ph.8., Ph.D. Editor, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Henry W. Holmes, A.B., A.M. . Harvard University David Franklin Houston, A.M., LL.D. Former U.S. Secretary Treasury Vernon L. Kellogg, M.S. . National Research Council Julius Klein, Ph.D. Bureau Foreign and Domestic Commerce Isabel Ely Lord Authority on Household Science and Arts Edgar Odell Lovett, Ph.D., LL.D.. Rice Institute, Houston, Texas Howard McClenahan, E.E., M.S., LL.D. Princeton University Archibald MacMechan, F.R.S.C., LL.D. Dalhousie College Walter Charles Murray, B.A., M.A., LL.D. Saskatchewan University William H. Park, A.B., M.D., LL.D. New York Health Department William Lyon Phelps, A.M., Ph.D., Litt.D. Yale University Leo S. Rowe, Ph.D., LL.D. Director-General, Pan American Union James Sullivan, A.M., Ph.D. New York State Historian Henry M. Tory, M.A., D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S.C. University of Alberta John V. Van Pelt, A.D.G.F., A.I.A., R.A. Former Dean College Architecture, Cornell University William J. Wilgus, D.E. (Hon.) Civil Engineer for all practical purposes—far better than a_ miscellaneous library that would cost many thousands of dollars. No other Encyclopaedia in the English language can compare with Nelson’s in its vast fund of up-to-date reliable informa- tion. Nelson’s Loose-Leaf En- cyclopaedia, with the Com- panion Index Volume and Reader’s Guide of thirty-three study courses is a liberal and practical College Education for every member of the family. JOHN H. FINLEY This Great American Encyclopaedia—ALWAYS NEW Every six months all’subscribers to NELSON’S receive their renewal pages —250 pages or more—between 500 and 700 pages each year. These include over 2,000 changes each year and keep NELSON’S perpetually accurate and down to date. NELSON’S treats upwards of 1,000,000 topics, has 500 maps in color and black and white, and 7,000 illustrations, including text cuts, colored plates, charts, etc. ELSON S . Perpetual Loose-Leaf ENCYCLOPAEDIA — & Research Bureau for Special Information The New Complete Index Volume he desires on any subject. Why Pay for Old Volumes? Permanently bound Encyclopaedias cannot be kept up-to-date. It is physically impossible. You struggle through a mass of uncorrelated material in various volumes and supplements, and in the end you can never be sure you have all the information and that it is-up-to-date. NELSON’S LOOSE-LEAF is the only really ‘new, reliable and up-to-date Encyclopaedia obtainable at any price. Nelson’s Free Research Bureau FOR SCIENTIFIC REPORTS AN D SPECIAL INFORMATION AND COR- RESPONDENCE. Every purchaser of Nel- son’s is entitled to free membership in this Bureau. If at any time you are in doubt on any subject, old or new, write to this Bureau with the positive assurance that you will promptly receive the latest obtainable and most dependable information. THOMAS NELSON & SONS Publishers of Bibles and Educational Books Since 1798 Originators of the Loose Leaf Reference System © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. This Index immensely increases the value of Nelson’s Encyclopaedia as a work of reference. So thorough and exhaustive is the Index that every item relating to any subject, however remote, can be found. multiplies the value of all material in the Encyclopaedia, because it makes it all so easily accessible and available that the boy of twelve can turn at once to all information This Index Educational Reading Courses A Reader’s Guide to Nelson’s Loose-Leaf Encyclopaedia including thirty-three (33) courses on as many subjects—from Aeronaut- ics to Zoology—is furnished without cost to all subscribers. These reading courses are declared by educational authorities to be equal to a college course in each of these de- partments. ; ?-S-3 THOMAS NELSON & SONS 4 381 Fourth Avenue, New York, N. Y. : Please send me your portfolio of beautifully # illustrated sample pages, and full information # how, by The Nelson Budget Plan and easy monthly payments, I can own Nelson’s Per- petual Loose-Leaf Encyclopaedia and receive FREE Membership in Nelson’s Research Service Bureau for Special Information and the FREE Nelson’s Reader’s Guide. a eh anes oes Semper ss See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY URLIIZER HL "HI TV, 200 Years Ago in the little en O oeneck liv ans Adam u =, of Sh k lived Hans Ad _ Warlitzer, Master Violin Maker. | His shop was a gathering place for musicians of the time, for he was ("| @ true craftsman. ‘ii! When he died his shop passed into mf, the bands of his eldest son, and for rations, down } « itage, of these seven e hi, craftsmanship. Warlitzer Instrument in your Own Home OU may now have any Wurlitzer in- strument for a week’s free trial in your own home. Examine the instrument, show it to your friends, play it as much as you wish. No obligation to buy — nof expense for the trial. We }} make this liberal offer |§ because we want you to try for yourself these g wonderful instruments, the result of 200 years’ experience in musical instrument building. Easy payments are ar- ranged to suit your con- venience. This is your opportunity totrya famous Wurlitzer instrument in your own home. Send for NewCatalog The greatest musical cata- log ever published! Over 3,000 articles—every known instrument described and illustrated ; many of them shown in full colors. Gives you lowest prices and all details of Free Trial, Easy Payment plan. All sent FREE—no obligation. Send this Coupon THE RUDOLPH WURLITZER CO.. Dept. 1783 120 W. 42nd St., New York 134 Golden Gate Av., San Francisco 329. Wabash Av., Chicago 117 E. 4th St., Cincinnati Send me, absolutely free, your new {illustrated jog, Pee eT aaiy ary any inckeament in-eny own bome and pay for it in emall monthly sums. No obligation. Name Instrument (State Instrument in which you are interested) Copzright, 1924, The Rudolph Wurlitzer Co. We turned our attention the next day to the table and removed the top from the frame and the drop leaves from the top. “Now for the varnish remover,” I said. “But, Mr. Waring, one of the men told me that I ought not to use varnish re- mover. He did it once and it burnt the work and his hands, too. He told me to be sure and scrape the whole job.” “Good advice once upon a time, Dan, but not any more—at least, not as a usual thing. The only removers your friend knew contained potash or lye. The paint chemist now mixes acetone, benzol, alco- hol, and other materials and lets them dissolve or soften the old finish. “When I apply this remover, notice that I don’t work the brush very much. Alcohol and similar liquids evaporate very quickly, so the manufacturer has added a solution of ordinary paraffin to his var- nish remover. If you look closely you will see it forming a blanket on top of the re- mover I have just spread. To do much brush work will result in breaking up the blanket and then the solvents will escape. “See those wrinkles forming like rows of tiny blisters. Wait until the surface is wrinkled like that, or, as sometimes hap- pens, simply gets soft clear down to the wood. Now take this wide putty knife or scraper and lift off the waste varnish and wipe the knife on a quarter sheet of old newspaper. On these turned parts use a handful of coarse steel wool—Number One will do. Clean off all the old varnish and then take some scrap burlap and wash the table with denatured alcohol to get rid of the last traces of grease and varnish. “One thing I do want you to remember, Dan, is this: Don’t leave any of these rags or papers lying around here or at home to start spontaneous combustion. Put them in the stove and burn them.” The next step was the sandpapering of the frame with No. 4% or No. 0 flint paper backed with a piece of %- or 1-in.-thick rubbing felt. Care had to be taken not to cut through the veneers.” Dan asked whether veneered mahogany was as good as solid wood. “That is an old, old question,” I told him. “Try and look at it this way: See that beautiful crotch grain you just sanded so smooth? Now we can cut that one-sixteenth inch thick to be glued on a cheap wood core and get ten or more sheets an inch from the log. “TT“HINK how many more beautiful mirror frames can be made from these veneers than from one-inch boards. Then, too, veneered work is generally stronger than solid and does not warp or split like solid stock. Very few people could afford to have solid crotch mahogany furniture.” The following day Dan came in so early that I noticed the last swallow of lunch disappearing as he entered the room. Dan had observed that the veneer looked rather light after being sanded. “T was wondering last night how we Burning colored shellac into holes too small to patch. If prepared stick shellac is not available, melt flake shellac in a tin cup, add dry colors, and pour into a tin mold to cool. Colored sealing wax also can be used could change it,” he said. “I went out with mother to see one of her friends who has a couple of nice pieces of mahogany. Her pieces were rather darker and quite red. Brown would suit me better.” I was glad Dan had used his eyes so well. “You are right about the red tones,” I said, “for here is a piece of Hon- duras mahogany more than a hundred years old, which I keep as a ‘pure quill’ sample of color. Notice that the general tone beneath the varnish is a brown, rather medium in tone, carrying a slight tint of red, while underneath is a decided base of orange that livens the whole and gives it the real character and golden undertone peculiar to good, honest ma- hogany. It is hard to find in the black- browns and red-blacks on the market to- day anything remotely resembling the color as time has produced it on the genu- ine material. That, however, is no reason why you should spoil your pieces by try- ing to match present-day shades, since the older sample which I keep is accepted as correct for this class of staining.” HILE Dan went ahead with his sandpapering, I made up a hot water stain in the proportions of 1 oz. of brown mahogany water stain powder to 1 qt. of water. Dan asked why I mixed my own stain. “Because a really clear tone and finish can be produced only when a water stall is used. If you find at any time in the future that you cannot obtain water stain powders at your paint store, you will have to get a spirit or oil stain instead. In that case, follow the directions printed on the can or bottle. Prepared stains generally are too dark and need to be diluted, but manufacturers give full instructions. (Continued on page 104) IS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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ut ho 1. ite SO n- ed i mn, ht ed nd en \a- 0- he u- on ce iis of to sh in he ve at he ly ut March, 1926 No. 768 Portable THOUSANDS of people have made the discovery that Ever- eady “B” Batteries, when used in the proper size and with a “C” battery*, are the most eco- nomical, reliable and satisfac- tory source of radio current. On sets of one to three tubes, Eveready “B” Battery No. 772, used with a “C” battery, will last a year or longer,- usually longer. On sets of four and five tubes either of the larger Heavy Duty Eveready Batteries No. 770 or No. 486, used with a “C” battery*, will last eight months or more. These figures are based on the average use of receivers, which a country-wide survey has shown to be two hours daily throughout the year. If you listen longer, of course, your batteries will have a somewhat *Note: In addition to the increased life which an Eveready “C” Battery gives to your “B” batteries, it will add a quality of reception unobtainable without it. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Perhaps you, too, can cut your “B” battery costs in half. Just follow the chart. It gives you the secret of *B’’ battery economy. : Oe iy ; f . ot ae ‘6 @ @ t @) eeke) ae shorter life, and if you listen less, they will last just that much longer. Here is the secret of ‘‘B” bat- tery satisfaction and economy: With sets of from 1 to 3 tubes, use Eveready No. 7iz. With sets of 4 or more tubes, use either of the Heavy Duty Batteries, No. 770, or the even longer- lived Eveready Layerbilt No. 486. Use a “C” battery on all but single tube sets. Evereadys give you their re- markable service to the full when they are correctly matched in capacity to the demands made upon them by your receiver. It is wasteful to buy batteries that are too small. Follow the chart. In addition to the batteries EVEREADY Radio Batteries -they last longer © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. illustrated, which fit practically all of the receivers in use, we also make a number of other types for special purposes. There is an Eveready Radio Battery for every radio use. To learn more about the entire Eveready line, write for the booklet, “Choosing and Using the Right Radio Batteries,”’ which we will be glad to send you on request. This booklet also tells about the proper bat- tery equipment for use with the new power tubes. There is an Eveready dealer nearby. Manufactured and guaranteed by NATIONAL CARBON CO. Inc. New York San Francisco Canadian National Carbon Co., Limited Toronto, Ontario Tuesday night means Eveready Hour —9 P. M., Eastern Standard Time, through the following stations: wsat—Cincinnati wEAR-Cleveland ww J-Detroit won-Chicago woc-Daven port { Minneapolis USt. Paul WEAF-New York wyaR—Providence WEEI—Boston wtac-W orcester wFi—Philadel phia wor-Bufralo weaE-Pittsburgh xsp-St. Louis xco-San Francisco, 8 P. M. Pacific Coast Time wcco

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To help industry and the railroads do their work more economically is an important service, but to save human energy is even more important. The General Electric Company _ designs and manufactures the equipment by which electricity does both. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY You must look closely to see the most important part of this picture—the cables on the tag which bring power om a substation operated from generators 90 miles away.

Digging Coal by Wire The Northern Pacific Rail- way mines coal for its own transcontinental trains. At Colstrip, Montana, wasa surface deposit that engi- neers had never found prac- ticable to work. Now electric shovels dig the coaland giant storage battery locomotives haul it away to the main line. Electricity has performed a like service for many indus- tries where natural resources withoutelectricity might have lain dormant for another hundred years. GENERAL ELECTRIC

CARTER

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Smooth running. & One hole mount- & ing. Potentio- meter same size. Amaze Your Friends With Se eS uti levbote << (Pat. Pend.) “IMP” The Write secret letters with invisible Rheostat Boy's = pour blue, brown and_ black Smallest made, Hand B aad 8 glass of mater; snake 3 yet most efficient. and Hook pitcher of bluing; . own magic writing paper, your own of Chemistry ink and dyes. It’s all easy if you have Chemcraft Junior—the pocket Chem- ical outfit. Get yours now. Order Price] } cent right awuy and get a FREE Copy of S] The Boy’s Herth vc of Chemistry; 100 pages esc! of experiments, formulae, interesting chem- cal information, eset? BOTH

Taeeres es hel te tea wre aeetete an catalog of supplies. CHEMICAL CO. 115 Washington St. Hagerstown, Md. pocTPAID CHEMICAL OUTFIT price 25 cent:

© This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

ie lone Work sho Furniture Refinishing (Continued from page 102) Dan had finished off the frame with No. 4-0 sandpaper. Upon close examina. tion, we found two small holes through the veneer that had been missed in the patching process. These were filled by taking a stick of medium mahogany shel. lac, heating a soldering iron enough to make the shellac run without bubbling, and melting enough shellac to fill each hole. The tip of the iron was held just above the work. When the shellac had cooled, the surplus on top was cut off with a knife and then the patch was sanded level and true with a nearly worn-out piece of fine sandpaper. Dan rapped the back of the frame with a brush handle to get rid of the dust in the pores after I had explained that dust left in the wood might give a muddy shade. A 2-in. black China bristle brush is about right for staining a small piece. The brush should be dipped 1 in. into stain. “Apply quickly and freely to the veneer,” I told him; “but be careful not to touch the rosewood outband, since that should be left in the natural color. Now take the damp brush and even up the whole job while it is still wet and put the frame aside to dry overnight. Next, sandpaper your table, being sure to sand only in the direction of the grain. If you sand in circles or across the grain, the result will show up like cat scratches on the back of your hand after the wood is stained. If there are any slight bruises you can not sand out, steam them up with a hot iron and wet felt. Let dry and then sand level. “Use a wood block to back up your sandpaper when sanding the top and drop leaves, since the surface must be abso- lutely true before varnishing. Be sure to round the edges a trifle, so that the stain and finish will not wear off. Then tomor- row we can begin the real processes of building up the finish, which will bring out and preserve the beauty of the wood, so that your grandchildren can say, ‘Granddad Dan finished that mirror when he was‘an apprentice!’”’

Varnishing will be the subject of Mr. Waring’s second article, which will ap- pear in next month’s issue.

Holder for Pens and Pencils HIS little 7 flower holder { or “bud vase” serves as a handy pen and _ pencil holder for a desk or drafting table. The holders may be obtained in va- rious colors and shapes, ranging

in price from 10 cents up. What they are really for is to hold the stems of cut flowers. — Davip J. Morris.

— A desk novelty

ce —=EeeEEeee

March, !

Conne orator Base; sulato Posts

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March, 1926 The President, the Secretary of Commerce, and scores of leaders in politics, science and industry are * no longer mere ‘‘names’’. Through radio they speak direct toyou. The very tones of their voices are known to millions. In bringing Radio broadcast recep- tion within the reach of everyone, Bakelite has had a major part. You will find it in receiving sets, speakers and accessories, for it improves both appearance and performance. Bakelite is the most widely used material for panels, dials, knobs, tube bases and sockets, rheostats, : Connewey Elec. Lab- oratories, Bakelite Tube Base; and Shaw In- sulator Co., Binding Posts and mounting BAK REGISTERED THE MATERIAL OF POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY eat names become real folks variable and fixed condensers and other parts requiring lasting in- sulation. In speakers Bakelite is used for magnet spools, housings and diaphragms, as it is unaffected by temperature and atmospheric changes. Because of its resonance it is also used for speaker ‘‘bells’”’ and “‘cones’’. - It is a fact that over 95% of radio set and parts manufacturers use Bakelite, for they know that its electrical properties, as well as its beauty of color and finish are permanent, unimpaired by time or service. Write for Booklet 25 a helpful guide when buying a radio set or parts. BAKELITE CORPORATION 247 Park Avenue, New York, N. Y. Chicago Office: 636 West 22d Street S13 U. 8. PAT. OFF. CO) A THOUSAND USES ‘The registered Trade Mark and Symbol shown above may be used only on products made from materials a manufactured by Bakelite Corporation. Under the capital ‘‘B” is the numerical sign for infinity, or unlimited, quantity It symbolizes the infinite number of present and future uses of Bakelite Corporation's products.’ © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. KL Shaw Insulator Co., Tube Socket Daven Radio Corp., Resisto Coupler ASS Micamold Radio Corp., Grid Condenser and Leak Carter Radio Co., Flat Plug

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“Camera! When Cullen cuts in with his Buescher Cullen Landis, featured in ‘‘My Old Dutch’’, the latest of his Universal releases, spends his idle time at home and on “‘location”’ playing his BUESCHE Tuevione SAXOPHONE ™ You too have a natural desire to per- sonally produce music. Don’t starve that desire. Develop it. We recom- mend starting with a Buescher Saxo- phone because it is the easiest of all instruments to learn to play. You Might Become a Star Anyone who can whistle a tune can master the Buescher Saxophone quickly. 3 lessons given upon request with each new instrument teach scales in an hour and within a week start you playing popular tunes. From then on its great fun learning, and even though you're only interested for pleasure now, you can in 90 days, if you wish, join a band or orchestra. Six Days Trial - Easy Terms You take no risk when you order a Buescher for yourself or fora gift. We will send. you any instrument you choose,. Saxophone, Cornet, Trombone, Trumpet, on six daystrial. If you like the instrument and decide to keep it, pay alittle each montn. Get the details of this wonderful plan. Clip the coupon below. Send it for the freeliterature. Send it today. Now. BUESCHER BAND INSTRUMENT CO. Everything in Band and Orchestra Instruments 1359 Buescher Block Elkhart, Indiana on | This beautiful book gives the complete history of the &=/ Saxophone, and tells why §. the Buescher is so easyto learn to play. In it you will find the first lesson em 2 chart and many interest- . ing pictures. You must E/ have this fine book. Clip the Coupon NOW! i *9 BUESCRER BAND INSTRUMENT CO. ' Mail 1559: suescher Block, Elkhart, Indiana. Gentlemen: Iam interested in instrument checked below: i Cornett] Trombone(] Trumpet] i ee ee Ae eee ES ee a u Saxophone} POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Home Workshop Chemistry Simple Formulas that Will Save Time MALL as it is, the beetle family known as Ptinidae harbors many destructive insects. One of them is especially damag- ing to all kinds of furniture as it has a predilection for dry woodwork. This is a speciesof A nobium, the death-watch beetle, a number of forms of which are known. The activity of this pest makes itself visible by the telltale small round holes which are to be seen in what popularly is called “wormy wood.” In addition to these holes a fine powdery wood flour is exuded, the wood dust being produced by the bur- rowing activities of larvae and beetles. Since many of the beetles have the peculiar habit of jerking their heads rap- idly up and down,. tapping the wood, a mysterious clicking sound often may be heard coming from worm-eaten furniture. To the superstitious this sound portends the death of some one in the house, and Injecting poison into worm holes in a clockcase to kill death-watch beetles, which are about /% in. long “ WHITING -ADAMS ee, ~ The Household Buy-word meaning Good Brushes Look for the name WHITING - ADAMS on every brush you buy. Whiting and Adams have been household buy- words for brushes for over 116 years — always standing for service and satisfaction. JOHN L. WHITING-J. J. ADAMS CO. rush Manufacturers for Guz, Fasten, U8. and the Largestin the World from this strange idea came the designa- | tion, “death watch.” This pest can be controlled by dissolv- ing mercuric chloride (a deadly poison | that must be handled with the utmost care and kept under lock and key) in alcohol and squirting the solution into the holes of the wood, especially those holes from which the wood dust is being exuded. The solution spreads through the holes and kills the pest. When the beetles have been destroyed, it is a simple matter to fill the worm holes with a wax made by melting together one part of rosin and three parts beeswax. This mixture can be colored to match the woodwork by adding a small amount of dry color such as raw or burnt umber, burnt sienna, or lampblack. Sometimes the beetles do so much dam- age that the wood becomes more or less powdery. It may be hardened by apply- ing several coats of size prepared by gently boiling parchment clippings in hot water for several hours. The size pene- trates into the wood and when dry binds the particles solidly together. Any size remaining on the surface may be removed with hot water. IS) This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. WANTED _..Men to manufacture # Metal Toys and Novel- ties. Good chance to start your own well-paying ! business producing such big sellers as Toys, Novelties, Ash Trays, Book-blocks, Souvenirs, Advertising Specialties Paper Weights, etc. We furnish forms with complete outfit for speedy production. Abso- lutely no experience of tools necessary; 10 special place needed. Small investment puts you on road to success. Demand exceeds supply and we assist and co-operate with our manufacturers in selling their products. We put you in touch with the buyers and assure an outlet for your goods. Strictly a business proposition and thorough investigation invited, A splendid opportunity for an enormous and profitable business for ambitious men. No others need apply. Catalog and information mailed on request. METAL CAST PRODUCTS Co. 1696 Boston Road New Yo! Write Today For Our] 64 Page Catalog of RADIO BARGAINS RANDOLPH RADIO CORP. 159-N. UNION AV: ‘Dept..3. CHICAGO, ILL. LATEST MODELS FULLY GUARANTEED SAVE ¥310% Users everywhere report Miraco Radiosget programs coast to coast on loud speaker} outperform sets three times as costly. Many hear foreign countries. Radio's most amazing values in unconditionally guaranteed, factory -built long distance sets—let testimony of users convince you. PowerfulNew Multie en tube Miraco gets © pe Caenaee on ud speaker. Set D Ss ONLY oe oes a y iterature on latest F FREE! improved 1 to5 tube mod- els, new low prices, testimony of users and Trial OFFER. Write: MIDWEST RADIO CORP’N Pioneer Builders of Sets 403-W E.8th St. Cincinnati,O. FLY Young man learn aviation. Baild this classy plane and learn to (rr nish parts very reasonable to bu this wonderful little plane,’’ the World’s first succes ful LIGHT PLANE, Sen for complete set of blue te and parts price list of this Model M-T-2. IRWIN AIRCRAFT oe 116 O St. Sacramento, Cal- le M M G W N P. P R T R R § § § I J \ y

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ith POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY CH The mark of quality whether you buy or build. Insist upon C-H radio products for highest efficiency in your new set. “That’s Not Only a Beautiful Set, Fred; It Has Been Carefully Designed —Those Sockets Prove It!” cA list of some of the prominent radio manufac- turers using C-H products Acme Apparatus Co. American Bosch Magneto Co. Astral Radio Corporation Boissier Radio Corporation Chelsea Radio Co. Crosley Radio Corporation Dayton Fan & Motor Co. Dictagraph Products Co. Dubilier Condenser & Radio Corp. Electrad, Inc. Freed-Eisemann Radio Corp. Garod Corporation Gilfillan Bros., Inc. Allen T. Hamscomb Harding Mfg. Co. Howard Radio Co. The Keyport Laboratories King Electric Mfg. Co. Kodel Radio Corporation LeMor Radio, Inc. Magnus Electric & Radio Co. Malone-Lemmon Laboratories Glenn L. Martin Co. Wm. J. Murdock Newport Radio Co. Pfanstiehl Mfg. Co. Philadelphia Storage Battery Co. Radio Master Corp. of America The Radio Compak Co. R. B. Radio Co. Robbins Radio Co. Signal Electric Co. Silver-Marshall Co. Simplex Radio Co. R. E. Thompson Co., Inc. J. S. Timmons Workrite Mfg. Co. Zenith Radio Co. “ZOU can always tell a carefully designed set by its parts’’—any radio set manufacturer will tell you so. That’s why you find so many sets on the market to- day with C-H sockets, rheostats and switches. For manufacturers know by careful testing the advan- tages that hundreds of thousands of radio fans have found in C-H features through years of “building their own.”’ C-H Low Loss Sockets, for instance, settle once and for all one of the most annoying of all set troubles—loose contacts at the tube prongs. In C-H sockets each tube prong is firmly held in the one piece, si/ver-plated, double grip contacts. Jarring of the set or corrosion cannot alter the perfect contact. They are easily wired and give a fin- ished appearance to any set. So whether you buy or build—look for the C-H trade mark. It is a guarantee of satisfaction. THE CUTLER-HAMMER MFG. CO. Member Radio Section, Associated Manufacturers of Electrical Supplies MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN The New C-H UX Socket for the new UX tubes. Same C-H one piece, low loss SILVER plated, double grip contacts as in the C-H origi- nal low loss socket with the ORANGE shell. Heat proof Thermoplax body—terminals cannot loosen under heat of soldering iron. Spring washers under bind- ing posts prevent loosening of hex nuts and assure tight connections. The hex nuts are slotted to permit tightening with screw driver or wrench. The lugs at the end of the contacts are designed for easy soldering and may be bent down for under wiring. CUTLER-HAMMER —z— Buy Your Radio Parts by Name —— r{S} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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108 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 192% N F P a) | m | Zee Inlomne Workshop] CW aSy ay all Tying an Underwriters’ : Knot in a Lamp Cord By Georce A. WILLoucuBy | Supervisor of Electrical Work, Arthur Hill Trade School, Saginaw, Mich. NE of my neighbors was in his cellar workshop putting the finish- ing touches on a little lamp stand | for his reading table when he received a | peremptory summons to the living-room, “Look, dad!” his son exclaimed. “] just pulled a little on this extension cord and the wires came right out of the at- tachment plug?” — “That’s queer,” he said. ‘You must SOUTH BEND LATHE WORKS 13 inch Swing over Bed, 5 ft. have tugged pretty hard.” Bed Quick Change Gear Lathe, ° ieecuae % t - ni 818 E. Madison St., South Bend, Ind. Net Factory Price, $387. But it wasn’t the boy’s fault, as I told Easy Payments if desired. the father later on, when I showed him how to prevent the recur- March, PUTS ANY LATHE" stop“ Send for big Free Catalog and select the Lathe you want. Make one small payment down and we ship the Lathe at once. You pay balance in convenient monthly payments. In this way Lathe Quickly Earns Own Cost by what it saves and makes for you. You don’t feel the cost at all. The high quality of SOUTH BEND LATHES is recognized everywhere. 33,000 in use in U. S. and 64 Foreign Countries. Write for Free Catalog showing 96 styles and sizes. N Y rence of such an ac- iis. [Mad $ 00 WAY: : ONA! cident. The tying of e Here ie bargain—a genuine L. C. Smith (the fiae = | acomparatively simple i gr eS carer ae ; knot will eliminate wd nm In Toe Baars est quality rebuilt; guaranteed for 5 years. = | trouble of this kind. Sannin 1. 5 eae ee | —Writes Peter Werner, Ill. The knot is used when Sell Madison “Better- Made” + without del assembling new exten- Shirts for Large Manufacturer | send von this erred, tape. weit | sions, lamps, or fixtures, Direct to wearer. No capital or day FREE trial. é x i experience needed. Many earn FREE Typewriting Course,Tools, .so that to know how to $160.00 weekly and bonus. pow. Write today Yor’ Special tie it ts the first essen- Write for Free Samples . Smith Typewriter Sales Corp., MADISON SHIRT M’FRS, 562 Broadway, New York ® 535 -360 E. Grand Av. Chicago Now Anyone Can Piay a Honnen: HARMONICA This FREE Book Will Prove It? hs é Thousands of d ; ll B people of all ages, Steps in tying an underwriters knot are u in all walks of life shown in Figs. 1 to 4. How the knot is used Tl are now playing in wiring a socket is shown in the upper view thi Hohner Harmoni- tial in wiring work of the kind the home to cas for entertain- worker has to do most frequently. be S ve se di see a The knot is commonly known as the a er sence underwriters’ knot, because the code of | instruction book the National Board of Fire Underwriters i ur uc they are enjoying requires it to be used. The steps in tying ! the popularity that it are shown in the illustration. _ / ID you ever stop to consider how much comes to those Untwist or split the cord in which the “ce ‘ ” i +4 . . I . . ° finger-grief” a handy little Luther who can play this knot is to be tied (Fig. 1). Bring one wire bench vise will save you? On top of that, fascinating musi- back of the other and over to form a loop it makes any tinkering job easier. You can cal instrument. (Fig. 2). Hold the wire in place with the sah — os other tools with a Hf there is any greater eutisfaction then thumb of one hand. With the other hand { uther ise to he ou. 4 a ‘ Py Pen Sntented wi enbh mente, atenmeeie tent bring the sec ye ing’ down ste 3 ~ Its sturdy stee jaws open farther than the of being able to play it. This Free In- crossed portion of the first and pull th Ly jaws of any other vise of the same size—and struction Book, containing charts, pic- second wire from the back up through the the extra heavy steel feed screw assures a tures and popular musical selections, ] | loop formed by the first wire (Fig. 3). tight, unyielding grip that holds. The slide willenable you to play the Hohner Har- Pull the ends of the two wires to tighten bar, upon which so much depends, is panelled monica with an ease that is most sur- the knot (Fig. 4). to give almost double strength. Jaws are Yg’’ prising. Ask your dealer for a copy to- It is well to practise these steps with a wi %" wider than = om cour popular eed _— aaah supply Pa vs = waste piece of lamp cord. sizes — 1/2”, 2”, 2Y2" and 3” jaw spread. ee ee ee ee When the knot is omitted in wiring a oe 114 East 16th Street, New York City. i Write for free copy of booklet: socket, plug, or fixture of any kind, there ‘Tighten Up” Leading Dealers Everywhere is nothing to prevent the strain from one i LUTHER GRINDER MFG. COMPANY Sell Hohner Harmonicas ing directly on the connections. Even } t: Department A, Milwaukee, Wis 50f up. the wires are not pulled out entirely, they c Also a —— high often become so loose under the binding b SS a screws that the lamp fails to light or , lights intermittently. : This is the first of a series out ——— I QUALITY-BUILT VISES - electric wiring by Mr. Willoughby f © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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1e of rs 1e re yp 1e id ne is he ). on es 5 March, 1926 VER at the factory they told me that the sales of Sweet Caporal Cigarettes had been mounting up steadily here of late. There was no unusual stimulation in the way of a special advertising campaign. But sales had grown larger and still larger. They are growing while you are reading this. More Sweet Caporalsare being sold today than were sold yesterday, more will _be sold tomorrow than were sold today. This condition applies to the re- ‘tailers all over the United States. Ac- cording to expert opinion there can be ut one explanation to account for so spontaneous and unforced a ground- swell in the demand for a brand which has been a standard and a staple for forty-seven years. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY By Irvin S. Cobb The answer is that an increasing num- ber of cigarette smokers in America are turning to the crusty natural blend that suited their fathers and their grandfathers who bought Sweet Caporal Cigarettes before them, a blend of selected Virginia tobacco, made into cigarettes by a process which has never been changed, with the purest of Vermont maple sugar for its savoring, and positively nothing else. Perhaps you have noticed that part of | ask Grandad \= knows The best smokes he ever had nee. “Sweet oe "109 the trademark of Sweet Caporals is a blaz- ing sun. That trademark is historic. It appeared on the first package of Sweet Caporals that was manufactured back in 1878. No matter whether you buy the package of 12 Sweet Caporals for ten cents, or the package of 20 Sweet Caporals for fifteen cents, you’ ll find that same ancient and honorable’ device upon it. Here is one sun that has never set or sunk in forty-seven years and is rising higher now than it ever rose be- fore. You can’t get away from an argu- ment that speaks for itself. Sweet Caporal, to my way of thinking, is that kind of cigarette. It speaks for it- self. And it’s speaking louder all the time. SP Sb6 P. S. —Lwrite an article like this every once ina while, Watch forthe next. Ihave decli ned propositionsto turn out advertisements for various manufactured articles because I feel [merely would be a hired hand, exploiting this, that er the otherthing for so muchaword. But I reached for this opportunity. I knew I could put my heart in it— could with sincerity endorse the article I was praising. Thank you. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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110 A pipe smoker apologizes for years of hate Reading, Pa., August 29, 1925. Larus & Bro. Co., Richmond, Va. Dear Sirs: For years I have read your advertisements and testimonials and laughed at them—un- til last month. I am now writing this letter as an apology to Larus & Brother Co. Prejudiced many years ago when I first started to smoke a pipe against Edgeworth because a hated enemy of mine was a con- stant smoker of it, I refused to fill any pipe of mine with this tobacco. I smoked almost every kind of tobacco I could buy but your brand. I was what I call a ‘‘gypsy smoker.’’ Sometimes I would find satisfaction for a while, but always the tastes of tobaccos would give me repulsive mouth odors. With some, my mouth would have the feeling that it was the uncleanest thing on earth. Some tobac- cos even blistered my tongue. Price was no object. I had paid as much as eight dollars a pound for my smoking mixtures, but I could find no contentment. Some time ago I was without my pouch and borrowed a pipe-load from an acquain- tance, not asking what kind he smoked. We parted and I lit up. I enjoyed it so much I could not wait until I could ask him what kind it was. It was Edgeworth. I was dis- appointed, but not too narrow-minded to try a can for myself. For a month now, I have hesitated in writing you, in hopes (again I apologize) that I could find fault with it. But I can’t. At last I am satisfied and I am willing to forget that feeling of animosity towards the man who first prejudiced me against your peerless smoke, for I see now that he had more common sense than I. So I apologize and thank you for doing something I thought could not be done— giving me a smoke I could really enjoy at all times. We are friends for life. Sincerely yours, H. Roth Newpher. Let us send you free samples of Edgeworth so that you may put it to the pipe test. If you like the sam- ples, you'll like Edgeworth wherever and whenever you buy it, for it never changes in quality. Write your name and address to Larus & Brother Company, 10-O South 21st Street, Richmond, Va. [3 your radio—tune tn on WRVA, Richmond, sega Edgeworth station. Wave length 256 meters. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% . Homer we Gaily colored sails and bright flags make this pi- rate galley most brilliant red dye. The sails should be hemmed all around, or a piece of light fish line (dyed to imitate rope) may be. sewn to the edges with fine brown thread. The long edge of each sail is sewn to the spar with a marline hitch, which the ladies call a buttonhole stitch. It is the more natural for being a bit loose. The finished sails should be laid aside until the other deck fittings are in place. The guns are important. The six on either side of the main deck are made from a 3¢-in. dowel stick. Choose a straight grained one, sandpaper the end and run a knife round 1% in. from the end and again X% in. from the end. Then shave from the last to the first cut until you have cut down about one-quarter, which gives the gun shape. Cut off at the %-in. mark, round off, snip a small glass-headed pin to about 4% in. long, and drive this in the back of the gun. It then should look like the part marked X (below). The carriages (W) may be made from a square stick 3 by 4% in. The steps and groove can be cut with a fretsaw. The guns should be an easy fit in the grooves. The bow-chasers for the forecastle are the same in design, although somewhat larger. Ladders will be needed to lead from the deck to the poop and forecastle. These are made from strips of a cigar box about 4 by % in. The after ones (R) need to be about 1% in. long, with the ends of the sides cut at an angle so that they will stand firm. The steps are 3 in. long and all must be exactly the same length. They are glued in position. The forward ladder (S) is about in. long. There should be two hatches on deck. These are pieces of wood about 4% by 114 by 1% in.; the forward one should be somewhat the smaller. kind in reality would have her decks mostly open, but for our purposes that would make the construction much more difficult. A small boat (U) is needed in case of accident to the ship and for going ashore. It is called a caique. It can be whittled from any piece of soft wood, stained oA Ship Model of Vour Oca A vessel of this - (Continued from page 80) brown, and rested on two small square sticks or chocks. A flagpole with truck about 334 in. long and tapering from \ in. thick will be wanted right astern. It slants out from a hole in the center piece, resting against the sternboard. The flag, when prepared, is fixed by setting the truck down on the halyard holding the flag. Twenty oars are needed. The looms or handles of these are of % in. dowel stick, the top end slightly tapered to fit in the holes and the lower ends slit for 4% in, down the center with the fretsaw. Into these slits go the blades, which are of thin pressboard, slightly pointed (see Q). Bitts are needed for the anchor cable. They are made from three pieces as shown at T in the diagram. The anchor can be of bronze or easily made from sheet lead (a piece of old water pipe split open). The long shank is a square rod of lead cut to a smaller square at the lower end. On this fit the flukes in pairs (it is grapnel shape). Each pair has a square hole to fit on the end of the shank, which is hammered over them (see QO). The top end is flattened and has a hole in it, in which goes a ring. For a cable I used a piece of green silk cord; this goes from the ring of the anchor around the bits, the end being glued under the fore- castle. On. mn % ROUND J : aA. vi “a IN HEAD. iar eer nestalg ROUND PIN HE: i iv Ox tE yi Ea.2 ‘ 52 a re i6 ® % DOWEL ® BOW CHASERS ARE OF THE SAME DESIGN BUT ONE-HALF LARGER THAN W AND X Details of the oars, anchor, ladders, bitts, lanterns, caique, guns, and pulley blocks The model has a small winged serpent on the extreme tip of the deck. Some such ornament was usual, and a serpent seems suitable for a pirate ship. It is cut from lead, gilded, and fastened with two nails. A small staple in the deck about 2 1n. from the bow is required for the fore tack. It is an ordinary pin bent over. (Continued on page 112) eed rIS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. Mar ch, 4

Page 113

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY WV iN Mii ih iN ! i J | | 4 1 Wy] hy Practically unbreak- able, both as to blade and teeth and is recom- mended for the toughest work. Let us send you samples of the blade Free. M akers Since “There's One Vou Wont Break" THE STAR SPECIAL FLEXIBLE BLADE This Hack Saw Blade will eliminate the great waste through breakage. | “Star” blades have gained a prestige and reputation through their record of performance. — 1883. CLEMSON BROS., INC. STAR HACK SAW BLADES MIDDLETOWN, N. Y.

Page 114

112 1, HP. 60 CYCLE 110 VOLT

burning. Variable speed, single and three-phase Motors. rebuilt motors on request. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

This Convenient and Compact } BUFFER AND GRINDER Complete as Illustrated * ONLY $2222 4 Motor has extra size bunting bronze bearings with grease cups and filling cap. A 10 ft. cord with plug to fit any lamp socket included. Emery wheel and buffer are 6 inches in diameter, 4 inch thick. Emery wheel will sharpen tools quickly without Shaft threaded to take a standard Jacobs Chuck for drilling purposes. Guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction or money refunded less return charges. Write for descriptive circulars and attractive price list on our complete line of Constant and All sizes. Squi many exclusive features, also Martin Rotary Converters for transforming AC to DC. We have a full line of rebuilt motors of all makes and sizes at bargain prices. Quantity discount on both new and Squirrel Cage and Slip Ring types with Northwestern Electric Co. Dept.3.420S. Hoyne Ave., Chicago

BEFORE using Rut- land Patching Plaster. It’s easy to apply.

. AFTER using Rut- “= land Patching Plaster. Makes a perfect patch. Cracked walls made good as new i, eee can make a permanent patch that will mot crack, crumble or fall out, if you use Rutland Patch- ing Plaster. It will not shrink as plaster of paris

shrinks. You can, paint or paper over es it without shellac- Pr ent me ing and the patch a ay ee will not “spot” Mending outside * h stucco or cement through. walls. Pointing brick Anyone can use work. Rutland Patching Closing mouse or Plaster and get per- rat holes. fect results. It comes i Sealing small in handy cartons all cracks where in- ready to use. Just add sects or vermin water and apply. enter. Quick and handy! As a mortar to hold loose tiles in bathroom walls or floors. | ay rapa ss s a UTLAN Dit Paint, wall-paper and hardware stores sell it. If your dealer hasn’t it, mail coupon. We will send you a 22 Ib. carton and you can pay the postman 30c plus postage upon de- livery. Rutland Fire Clay Co., Dept. R1, Rutland, Vt. Rut Patching Plaster ee ee

| RUTLAND FIRE CLAY CO. | Dept. R1, Rutland, Vermont l Send me 2}% lb. carton of Rutland Plaster. | | NE ee Sei Ure Seu ceca Ubi cel senor | PONE Oreck CoUec Cr Seoh ees Coe sasaneubuas kane 1 re eee |

Here’s why thousands use Soldering Kester Metal Mender. Booklet imple—" Requires Only 66 yes 9 hee canuseit- Pr — fe—No mess ts or na —_ Solder" Sure — Genuine Solder Upon makes firm mctal joints. Request Satisfactory — W orks equally well on light or heavy, old or new work. Economical—Saves many times its price. Your Dealer Can Supply You Pr vemgprm SOLDER COMPANY

201-316 Wrightwood Ave.,Chicago, U.S. A. BROS.& CO. fés DIAMONDS WAICHES EN Z, DIAMOND IMPORTERS So = We import Diamonds direct from : —— Europe and sell direct at great saving to you. Our Diamonds are ‘‘quality’’ gems, blue white, perfect-cut, personally inspected by our expert buyers. SEND FOR CATALOG A) Over 2,000 illustrations of Diamond- set Jewelry, Watches, Pearls, Mesh ilverware, etc. Sent prepaid

TERMS: Goods delivered on first pay- “/ ment of one-tenth of purchase pric: balance in equal amounts, payable weekly, semi-monthly, or monthly, as convenient. aes Satisfaction Guaranteed [Ssh or Money Refunded

~

— WEDDING RINGS Go Pacren Sete wi * 65; five i NO. 16—Wrirt Watch, Solid 18-k White Gold, 17-Jewels, e aranteed, $27.50; 16 White or Green Jewels, 14-k, $22.50, i Watches—Guaranteed to Pass Inspection abroad NO. 992. 21 Jewels, Adjusted to 5 Posi- Soe tions. Gold filled 25-Year Case - - ~ - ELGIN’S LATEST RAYMOND, 21 Jewels, 8 Adi. $55 hours one winding. < a ry & d by Diamonds Rins 40 Gold filled 20-Yr. Case ILLINOIS ‘*BUNN SPECIAL,’ 21 Jewels, Adjusted to SEQ 6 Positions. Go! e Id filled 25-Year Case. pe yas 108 N. State St.,Chicago, Ill. BROS.&C

esT’D. 1688 Stores in Leading Cities March, 19%

RADIO FANS—¥iss3's 250 22a Rerning vee O 10:30, central standard time. Loftis Bros. & Co.’s hour of music.

\ée Trlome Workshop} A Ship Model of Your Own (Continued from page 110) The quarter lanterns (the quarter refers to the sides of the ship near the stern) may be as elaborate as one fancies. Those shown (V’) are blocks of wood 1 in. long tapering down from ¥% to 3¢ in. They vin beveled top and bottom and_ recessed where the glass would be; this is repre. sented by tinfoil, painted a transparent blue. Through the block is run a 8-in, long glass-headed pin that has been held previ. ously in the gas until red to take out the temper. A large bead is threaded on the pin and the end is bent round to stick in the hull. The flags and banners may be of paper, but thin white silk is better. It should be starched lightly with rice water and ironed; this prevents the paint’s running and the silk’s raveling. The design of the flags should be drawn full size on blotting paper, or transferred

PRINCE'S BANNER _ (MAIN)

FOREMAST FLAG Ri DDD BARBARY PIRATE ENSIGN

4 SILVE

STAFF FLAGS Pom, The flags, approximately one-fourth full size; detail showing coloring of stern board AWNING FLAG from blueprint No. 45. The silk is pinned over this so that the pattern can be seen through. The painting is done with artist’s water colors, and some gold and silver water-color paint, if desired. For the flagstaff use the Barbary pirate flag of six stripes, white and red. The em- blazoned banner at the main peak is an invented coat of arms; it has the African (not Scottish) lion of the princely captain, which is used on the sternboard and else- where on the ship, and it is green because he has been on a pilgrimage to Mecca. If |, your pirate captain has not been to Meeca, you may not use green anywhere. The flag at the main is the Moham: medan white crescent and star on a red field, still used by Turkey. The fore pen- nant has red and yellow squares, once common in the Mediterranean, and that } at the foremast is a fancy red, white, and blue banner. The flags are bent around the pins that serve as staffs and glued. Glue one ladder to the poop deck at each side and the other forward near the center; glue down the hatches and the boat; glue the bottom and front of the gun (Continued on page 114)

© This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

of it” deed, struct on fo was S Dulut becan into | Ow knifin the o or get the w we Sl ahead front For Maur motic study anim: but J car il Th hand: and a back inter tator Th are b axles seat to tie expla Re seen the 1 whee casi posit actio

Page 115

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

Sie lone Works OD

Y BOY Horace had broken his auto. His ever-recurring impor- tunities to “make something out of it” suggested to me one day that, in- deed, some kind of vehicle could be con- structed from the wreckage. From then on for a few weeks most of my spare time was spent in the basement of my home in Duluth, and the evening’s work often became so absorbing that it carried me far into the night. Our first “contraption was on the jack- knifing principle and resembled in a way the one shown here, but it had no reach or gears. By the use of pawls or dogs on the wheels to prevent backward motion, we succeeded in making the thing go ahead, but only like a “grassworm,” the front and rear parts moving alternately. For outside use Horace and his sister, Maurine, wanted more speed and a steady motion. It took much time and hard study to figure out how to make this animal buck and still go forward steadily, but I finally succeeded in devising the car illustrated. The car, operated by a lever A in the hands of the rider, has a forward motion and a peculiar rising and falling, or horse- back action, that delights the child and is interesting and fascinating to the spec- tator. The main frame members (E and G) are hinged at the front and rear to the axles (B and C), as well as just under the seat at D. A slotted steel bar, H, serves to tie the axles together, and, as will be explained, provides the forward motion. Referring to the diagram, it will be seen that pulling on the lever A will draw the rear frame G, the rear axle, and the wheels toward the front axle, thereby causing the other parts to assume the positions shown by the dotted lines. This action revolves the left-hand pinion, for

This unique vehicle opens and closes, and bucks the rider up and down as it speeds forward

Homemade Play Car Has Curious Bucking Motion By Joun SwInLAnpD

it is in mesh with the rack K riveted to the bar H on the lower left-hand side. Through the medium of a pawl and a ratchet on the same side, the axle is turned, pro- pelling the whole vehicle forward about seven feet.

Side view of play car with Q right wheels removed; de- i) A tails of driving mechanism *< \ ig VAN

RACK’ While. this is taking place, the pinion on the right-hand side of the bar H has been revolving backward, being in mesh with the rack above it, and since it is fitted with a ratchet and pawl like the first pinion, it turns freely on the axle. But as soon as the pressure is released from the lever A, the weight of the rider tends to make the rear axle move back- ward in relation to the front axle, which brings into engagement the pinion and pawl on the right-hand side, causing anoth- er forward impulse to the car, while the left-hand pinion turns freely backward on the axle. Thus one pull of the operating lever and its return to the starting point sends the car forward nearly 15 feet and humps the “animal” in a manner that is certain to captivate any child. The front axle is pivoted in the center and has foot rests to provide for steering. A spring holds the front wheels to a straight course. While coasting the lever is stationary.

LENGTH of discarded bicycle chain or any other chain that has flat side links, will provide a supply of neat re- pair plates for mending furniture, toys, and other articles. The plate may be let in flush with the surface of the wood easily by boring two holes and chiseling out the space between.

To Help You Get Better Radio Reception A New Radio Club to Study the Weather You are invited to join a newly organized club to study the relations between radio reception and the weather. There are no dues and no assessments. This new organiza- tion is the Storm-O-Guide Club. All readers of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY are eligible. A thousand charter members in all parts of the country are wanted to help in a nation-wide semi-scientific study to deter- mine the effect of weather conditions on radio reception. It is hoped that through thousands of individual observations, the study of these individual observations when assembled at Club Headquarters and the free exchange of ideas among its members, the underlying causes for atmospheric interference with good reception will be discovered. Everybody interested in radio will find the study of weather a fascinating hobby—a hobby that will undoubtedly lead to better all-round radio reception as well as being a material aid in getting greater distance Preliminary observations have indicated that when radio signals cross regions of dif- ferent atmospheric pressure DX — is better than when the signals parallel pressure lines. Whether or not more ex- tensive and thorough investigation will prove the correctness of this preliminary observation is one of the scores of questions that can be settled only by the active, intelligent co-operation of radio fans through- out the country.

STORM-O-GUIDE cuLuus

BELow you will find an Application for Membership in the Storm-O-Guide Club. If you wish to be a Charter Member of this new club fill in and mail the application blank today. Remember there are no dues and no assessments. Joining the club puts you under absolutely no obligations. The Storm-O-Guide Club is purely a co-opera- tive organization for promoting better radio reception. You are invited to join Trday Application for Membership in the STORM-O-GUIDE Club Secretary, Storm-O-Guide Club, Taylor Instrument Companies, 125 Ames St., Rochester, N. Y. PLEASE enter my name as a Charter Member in the Storm-O-Guide Club. I have filled in below the information asked for. This application is made on the understanding that there will be no dues or assessments and that I am placed under absolutely no obligations. RUMEN crs 45s, waar latin Hscbsee oxal os ar ctath. cera everett PR OUII ORE ci hace oe: b ae Soavshavies dh waresd prerieleuherealare

INDIUM OL SOE a. f..6:0-5 0-d-eee bans ate meee CSN Brioche cant ae-sia Bah@oete cc sees

tS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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MOOTH-ON No. 1 hardens like iron and ex- pands in doing so to make cracked, open or loose parts everlastingly tight. Don’t pay any professional fixer a big price to make such repairs. With Smooth-On No. 1, you yourself can do a perfect job for a few cents and usually in a few minutes. Get the Smooth-On habit and you will quickly find that it keeps many dollars in your own pocket. Try it on the following and see for yourself: IN THE HOME Stopping leaks in steam, water, gas, oil or stove pipes, mending.cracks, breaks or leaks in furnaces and boil- ers, radiators, tanks, sinks, pots and pails, making loose handles tight on umbrellas, knives, hammers, brushes, drawers, etc., tightening loose screws, hooks, locks, door knobs, etc. ON THE AUTOMOBILE Making bursted water jackets and pumps good as new, stopping leaks in radiator, hose connections, gas tank and gas, oil and exhaust lines, making a fume-proof joint’ between exhaust pipe and tonneau heater, tightening loose headlight posts, keeping grease cape, ® hub > cape and nuts from loosen- a ing and falling off, etc. To get perfect re- sults, write to us for and use the Smooth- On Repair Book. Free if you return the coupon. Get Smooth-On No. 1 in 7 0%., I-lb. or 5-lb. tins ai any hardware store or if necessary direct from us. Smooth-On Mfg. Co. Dept. 58, 574 Communipaw Ave. JERSEY CITY, N.J. HoME.“AUTOMOBILE REPAIRS Write for FREE BOOK Doitwith SMOOTHON SMOOTH-ON MFG. CO., Dept. 58, 574 Communipaw Ave., Jersey City, N. J. Please send the free Smooth-On Repair Book. PREC Le ehL a ue bh conse shea pecniheswaskweckoouncecsee PE. sven eee ven SUabbuvketoe vebsub anche uweubexne PES Sn sks ors how Ssnvednoedecteusebkuessecineees wre Return this coupon for a FREE copy of Booklet POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 2 llome Workshop A Ship Model of Your Own (Continued from page 112) carriages so that they help stiffen the bul- warks. Glue the under side of the guns, poke the muzzles through the ports, rais- ing the latter slightly above the hori- zontal. Then glue the two guns on the forecastle, so that the muzzles point over the rail. These had better have been painted first—the guns gold and the car- riages black. Now put the masts in place and set up the rigging. For this I used two parts of crochet silk. twisted together. ‘Tie the middle of a length to the top of each mast; bring the ends down over the bulwarks to one of the holes previously bored. Glue the end of a toothpick and use it to push the thread in the hole; tap home with a light hammer and break off when dry. Lash the yards with the sails on them to the masts about 14 in. from the top. You will now have to make 12 little blocks or pulleys (Y) from wood or sections of a celluloid knitting needle. They should not be more than 3% in. long. The running gear that holds the sails in position is clearly shown on page 80. The yards should point slightly across the vessel. Glue the ends of the oars and put them in position with the blades sloping very slightly up to the front, so that if they caught the water they would lift. The awning over the poop can be of any beautiful material that is handy. In the present model it is blue with a design that resembles silver embroidery, and it is edged with a scarlet cord. It is a little more than 1 in. wider than the poop deck and 14 in. longer, to allow it to hang down at the sides. In front the awning is stitched to three long belt pins, which are driven into the main deck. The pins may be long enough to carry flags atop. Two shorter pins sup- port the awning halfway along, and two more, right astern. If a thread is fastened to the front center pole and to the flag- staff it will help support the awning. Put the lanterns in position and hang the anchor over the bulwark just abaft the fore rigging and your model is ready to start out on its mantle-shelf voyage of endless romance and adventure. Aleikoom Salaam! (Peace be with you.) Gage for Planing Edges ILANING long / edges perfectly straight with a small plane, suchas a common block plane, may be made easier for the beginner in woodwork by the use of a gage or templet. A wood or metal straightedge \% or 3¢ in. thick is screwed to the face of a strip of wood so as to form a shoulder. This guides the bottom 'of the small plane without damaging the cutting iron—Henry JERVEY. Product of 38 Years’ / “Brings in inSremenl ‘ leitin other speakers ki “TI have listened to many loud | speakers, but never to any All| music which can compare 4] with that reproduced by the -4) Amplion. The sound is clear, 41 sweet and well modulated. It 4] brings in clearly instruments ri) in bands and orchestras that || were lost in other speakers, 5 4] my radio to a degree I had di never thought possible.” i | You will be as appreciative as this gen- -4\|_ tleman, once you hear your set through tors and oldest makers of loud speaking devices—Alfred Graham€&Co.,London, England—The Amplion leads in pop- ularity throughout the world. ’ Enjoy an Amplion demonstration at your dealer’s. Six models, including phonograph units, equipped with cords and panel plugs, $12 up. Write for the “Amplion Pedigree.” i an Amplion. Creation of the origina- THE AMPLION CORPORATION OF AMERICA All Suite M 280 Madison Ave., New York City + bs Chicago Branch: 27-29 N. Morgan St. ' ' i ‘ ' ' ( H : Through my Amplion I enjoy | t i i i ' i \ ( i Burndept of Canada, Ltd.. Toronto Prices Reduced On All Standard Make TYPEWRIT ERS LowestPricesin Years Wowilichipanymais Aran Ws tpatUnderwead Royal, Remington, Oliver, ete. Easy Terms | offer and new low price list ene RITE fren ey oe n ae Largest Dealers in W. KandolphSt.,Dept. 403 , Chlcagoutil | rIS} This seal on a radio or too! advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See Page 6. V} many book t up b battle It is shot f set up illustr: 1-in. | set Uy} ammu Vo in. blowe The cigar- botto1 base, is pro’ Ag dark

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| he s=TFr tt Somes Sesser se es WORN ee March, 1926 [fi Home Workshop “Storm the Castle” Is an Easily Made Game for Children tin, aeute ISIONS of knights inarmorand many thrilling story- book tales are conjured up by this realistic battle game, “Storming the Castle.” - It is played on a table with ammunition shot from pea blowers. Each blower is set up in the center of a castle made as illustrated. ‘Ten men, which are really L-in. lengths of 5%-in. wooden dowels, are set up on the castle battlements. The ammunition consists of 12 wooden pellets ¥ in. long and of a diameter to fit the blower tubes freely. The towers, which are constructed of. cigar-box wood in separate units, have no bottoms, but are set over blocks on the base, as detailed. A cardboard backstop is provided to prevent loss of ammunition. A good color scheme is to paint the base dark gray, the walls and towers light 1 ' ! / ~ 2 “= ——CS—C——C—CSY t \ i | | ' =) s + 6"—+| Use eee ji | : e) BLOWER} oe t 5 ea : = ee BASE’ Pine DETAIL ) ® WIRE Front, side, and plan views of the castle and details of the base and pea-blower holder brown, the trim and gates dark brown, and the backstop light blue. The blower itself is mounted so that it can be turned in any direction upon -a dowel stick. To load, tip the mouthpiece downward and slide a pellet into the front end. The game consists of three innings of four pellets each, and the winner is the one who knocks over the larger number of ‘‘men.”—Donatp W. CLarK. Combined Gas and Coal Stove O FASTEN a gas plate to an ordi- nary coal range, obtain two lengths of 4-in. pipe or 3¢-in. rods 2 ft. long, two 4-in. pipe straps, and eight 1-in.-long stove bolts. Remove the extension shelf on the range, take the legs off the gas Plate, and attach the gas plate with pipe straps where the shelf has been removed. Then flatten and drill the ends of the 4- I. pipe or rods so that they can be used ’s brackets extending from the front leg oles in gas plate to the side of the range [tell above the floor—Dr. H. J. Buaxe. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY We win 80 out of every 100 men to this unique creation Say the Word and we'll send you a 10-day tube of this unique shaving cream to try (NOTE COUPON BELOW) GENTLEMEN :— The way we win new customers to Palmolive Shaving Cream is by giving men a 10-day tube to try. In less than 5 years we've gained high place in that way. 95% of the men answering our ads are wedded to other makes of shaving preparations. Yet we win 80 out of every 100 to this unique creation. It’s different from any other shaving cream known. 60 years of soap study stand behind it. We tried out 130 dif- ferent formulas in perfecting it. It embodies the four great essentials 1000 men told us they wanted in a shaving cream, plus a fifth—strong bubbles—that we ourselves found and added. 5 Important Features You'll find it superior in at least five major ways 1—Multiplies itself in lather 250 times. 2—Softens the beard in one minute. 3—Maintains its creamy fullness for 10 minutes on the face. 4—Strong bubbles hold the hair erect for cutting. 5—Fine after effects due to palm and olive oil content. Find Out What we tell you is based on what we as expert soapmakers know. Our toilet soap, Palmolive, is the leading toilet soap of the world. Now in courtesy to us, will you ac- cept a test of our shaving cream; give us the opportunity to prove the claims millions make for it? To add the final touch to shaving luxury, we have created Palmolive After on having Talc—especially for men. Doesn't show. Leaves the skin smooth Snd fresh, and gives that well-groomed look. Try the sample we are send- ang free with the tube of Shaving Cream. There are new delights here for ievery man who shaves. Please let us prove them to you. Clip coupon now. IS] This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. ens 110 SHAVES FREE land a can of Palmolive After Shaving Talc Simply insert your name and address and mail to Dept. B-1134. The Palmolive Company (Del. Corp.), 3702 Iron Street, Chicago, Ill. Residents of Wisconsin should address The Palmolive Company ,Wis. Corp.), Milwaukee, Wis.

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116 Cc. J. MUSSEHL, Pioneer Artist on the Musical Saw, has taught ~~ to be- come Expe audeville Stars and HighePriced Entertainers.

can learn to play a saw, I'll send you a genuine professional, specially tempered Musical Saw for 5 days trial. I guarantee that in 24 hours you can play tunes like “Old Black Joe,” “Home Sweet Home,” etc. Then you quickly learn latest jazz and song hit: ratic and classical music. Amazingly Simple an y. You don’t need to know a thing about music. Thousands Successful by My Methods TI have taught thousands to play the Musical Saw. Many of my pupils are on the Vaudeville Stage, playing in dance orchestras, making big money as entertainers. Mail coupon and let me prove that you, too, can quickly play like a professional. Sweetest Music You Ever Heard The Musical Saw has only one rival—the violin— for sweetness and mellowness of tone.. And think of your popularity and social prestige when you can play this peerless instrument! Always in demand at parties and entertainments of all kinds. Phonogt2?§ FREE NS Double-disc, demonstration-size . phonograph record of two beauti- ful “Musical Saw’’ selections. Enclose 10c (stamps or coin) to cover handling and postage. You’ll wonder that a saw can produce such marvelous music. But the record proves it. Mail coupon and check both spaces if you want the rec- ord. Let me show you letters from pupils who are now stage celebrities. MUSSEHL &@ WESTPHAL 264 West Water St. Fort Atkinson, Wis. Suan neauueuneucenneenuesa: C.J.Mussehl, Pres..Mussehi &Westphal, 264 West Water St., Ft. Atkinson, Wis. Without obligation to me, send me, postpaid: ( ) Full particulars about FREE TRIAL OFFER ( ) Phonograph Record. (Send 10¢ to cover handling and postage if you want record). 2 ma 29 Z J to prove how quick and easy you

NE ow ctusWousg+eSube ed cbeeees seen ocucks [ee SS eS Se ee » [ee 8 8 8 8 Oe Ue RU IRD a 5s. on os awe a oan wanes ames © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 66

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

Wim WORRGHOD) How to Hang a Door (Continued from page 84) with one end at an end line, and scratch the other end (Fig. 2). Lastly, gage for the depth of the hinge mortise—the thick- ness of the hinge, or about \% in. Now, with a wide (or butt) chisel and mallet (you can use the side of your ham- mer head if you have no mallet) score deep cuts the full width of the mortise (Fig. 3). Be careful to avoid cutting too deeply. Start near the center and work toward the ends, or cut out a section near each end, remembering that the chisel crushes the wood back for a little dis- tance. In this way the depression can be trimmed exactly to the line. Undercut the mortise a trifle, since most hinges are beveled and can be slipped

March, ye March, 19: 8 a go R l eo Ni h eumati - Ul light p stile. 1 ain so that ¢ the fro! Absorbine, Jr. attacks thearea — of congestion. It awakens the knob v sluggish circulation. It bricgs flange Prompt relaxation and relief the en from acute pain. If t Absorbine, Jr. is agreeable to lates use. It may be applied freely— pa it cannot burn. It is ordinarily knob | stainless. Its pungent, agreeable ting 10 odor quickly disappears, throug Have the magic bottle ever that s ready for many regular toilet : c antiseptic uses and as first aid in emer. escutc tAn effective > gencies. hole \

Fig. 6. Marking around the lock plate for a mortise Fig. 7. _How the lock mortise will look when finished of paper and a block. This block can be tacked down temporarily with brads to hold it firm. The hinges fitted, slip the halves into place and drill screw holes. Apply wax or soap on the screws, drive them in a short distance with the hammer, and sink them home with a screwdriver. To “dap” for the jamb halves, gage as for the door, except that the width should be Y% in. less, to allow for clearance for the stop. If a butt gage is used, the stop may be used as a guide, provided it is already in place, as the gage automati- cally allows for clearance. If, when hinged, the door strikes on the | lock stile, set the hinges a little deeper, or shim the inside edges with cardboard, which will make them draw the door close to the jamb. Conversely, shims placed outside the screws between jamb and | hinge relieve hinge binding. Cut off the bottom to give a clearance of % in., so that the door will open over carpet or rugs, and sand the edges smooth, rounding the corners very slightly. In the final fitting, work with fine shav- ings, remembering that it is much easier to take off stock than to add it. To fit the average inside door lock, open the door halfway and drive a wedge under the bottom to hold it steady. Three feet up from the finished floor draw a

in from the side, dovetail fashion. In Aeet foeee, Se ee trimming out the chips, hold the chisel Send for free trial bottle hisel horizontally, left hand on the blade, right W. F. YOUNG, Inc. . Ga on the handle, with the fingers of the left Springfield, Mass. ith | hand acting as a gage to prevent ones : be th off the wood at the far side, beyond the Ne “bh hinge. If the latter happens, glue the ; SOF od J Ne J 4 eee splinter in place by laying over it a piece intel hei Ended Ahad he a fre dle, Ther ing t shall and will in a knol

The sensation of the year. Offering new advanced features in_Power, Speed, Control, Weight and Perform- ance. For example— é , NEW— Super-Power Twin Motor--At et normal speed develops 3.85 H P. [Brake = ” Test]. Inracing trim develops 4.6 H.P, NEW—Under-water Stream-Line Design —Cuts the water like a knife a Drive sap oe | —Gives flashing s NEW—“‘Safety Propeller”® —Protects Boat, Boaters and Motor NEW—Saper-charged Water Pump piienabaaiil —lInsures a cool motor always at alls is and reverse NEW—Combination Propeller ond Rudder —Steers WITHOUT A RUDDER! NEW— Unit Control Carburetor —One easy adjustment for all parets ond weathers NEW—“‘Top-Spin’’ Easy Starter with big Eiseman Magneto —Gets you away in a flash i" NE W—Combination : ny | spe tog Control —One throttle lever for all s eae — Against all defects in material and workmanship NEW—Five Days’ Trial Offer -—Gives you a chance to match with any other Motor ‘WRITE FOR FREE CATALOG FOLDER TODAY (1) JOCKWOOD- it — MOTOR - =-COMPANY- 617 Jackson St. Jackson, Mich. The Midget “Five-in-One”’ Slide Rule is a combination Mannheim, Polymet- ric, Log-Log, Binary, Add and Sub- tract Sffae Rule. It will instantly add, subtract, multiply and divide any com- bination of whole numbers, fractions, i bers and decimals. Gives root and

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(Continued on page 117)

105 South Jefferson Street

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Moz Le “4) ef fo ly le rt verse March, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY (fee Home Workshop How to Hang a Door (Continued from page 116) light pencil line across one side of the stile. Now hold the lock against the stile so that the spindle hole is on the line and the front plate is flush with the stile edge. Mark the position of the keyhole and knob with an awl (Fig. 5). Slip the front flange over the door edge in order to locate the ends of the mortise for the lock. If the escutcheon plates act as key plates and knob roses, bore keyhole and knob spindle hole with a 34-in. bit, cut- ting in from one side until the spur pricks through the opposite, and finishing from that side. If individual roses and key escutcheons are used, bore the spindle hole with a %-in. bit and the keyhole with a 3¢-in. bit, cutting out the straight lower part of the latter with a \-in. chisel. Gage a center line for the mortise, and with a 34-in. bit bore five holes centering on the line. The end holes also are cen- tered on the end lines. Use a wide chisel to trim out the mortise until the lock slips infreely. Insert the lock, slip in the spin- dle, and put in the front plate screws. Then use the plate as a templet for mark- ing the boundary of what is to be its own shallow mortise (Fig. 6). Remove lock and chisel out the wood until the plate will fit in flush (Fig. 7). Screw the lock in and put on the escutcheons or the knob spindle roses and keyhole plates. LOSE the door until the bolts touch the jambs and mark top and bottom of each with a pencil. Open the door, gage a pencil line as far back from the edge of the jamb as the inside edge of the lock front, and screw the keeper in place, ob- serving the bolt marks on the jamb. Trace around with a knife, remove and dap in flush. Bore out the mortises for the bolts last of all. This method varies somewhat from the usual practice of carpenters, but the home mechanic will find it well adapted to his particular needs. Before painting or varnishing, remove the lock and keeper. In many cases the lock, as it comes from the hardware store, has the beveled face of the catch bolt facing the wrong way. Lay the lock on a bench and take out the plate screws. Lift the side plate off carefully to avoid loosening the parts, then take out the latch bolt (Fig. 4), turn it over, and replace the cover. The concluding article in the attic toom series will appear next month. It will pay you to preserve the entire series, Which began in September, 1925, for the wealth of woodworking infor- mation it contains. Lining a Stove Firebox S A lining for fireboxes in stoves, I have found three parts of common dry clay thoroughly pulverized and mixed with one part of Portland cement to be excellent. The powder should be made into athick paste by adding water.—F.W.W. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6- FOR SIX INCHES A.C. SQUARE (Alternating WEIGHS Current) 7 POUNDS eliminates ‘‘B’’ batteries With the Freshman Master “B” Eliminator your set will always be supplied with constant and uniform power. Noise- less in operation; your reception will not be marred by the snap and crackle due to chemical action in “B” batteries. The list price of the A. C, Model Freshman Master “B” Eliminator is $20.00, However, a tube is required to rectify the alternating current into the required direct current for radio operation. And, as we desire to furnish the best rectify- ing tube that is obtainable, in our opinion, Freshman Master Eliminators for alternating current are now furnished with R. C. A. Rectron UX-216-B Tubes. FRESHMAN y MASTER B' ELIMINATOR, . R.C.A.Rectron UX-216-B Tube Sold by Authorized FRESHMAN Dealers Only Write for 24-page illustrated booklet, full of useful information for all radio fans. Cuas. Fassnman Co.,. Inc. eee.

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“Good Bye, Boys!” “To-day I dropped in for a last word with the boys at the office. And as I saw Tom and Dave there at the same old desk it came to me suddenly that they had been there just so the day I came with the firm four years ago. “When I started here I was put at_a desk and given certain routine things to do. But after a few months I began to realize that I was nothing but a human machine and that I couldn’t expect to advance that way. “So I wrote to Scranton and arranged for a spare- time study course that would give me special train- ing for our work. Why, do you know, it gave ime a whole new interest in our business? In a few months I was given more responsibility and more money. Since then I’ve had three increases, six months ago I was put in charge of my department, and now my big chance has come—I’m to be mana- ger of our Western branch at $5000 a year! It just shows what spare-time training will do.” If you want to make more morey, show your employer yeu’re trying to be worth more iwoney. If you want a bigger job, show him you’re willing to prepare for it. There’s a simple, easy way to do it. For 84 years the International Correspondence Schools have been training men and women right in their own homes whenever they had a little time to spare: Thousands of men and women have stepped up in just this way. More than 180,000 are Gtudying now. Ten thousand are starting every month. Can you afford to let another priceless hour pass without finding out what the I.C.S. can do for you? Here is all we ask—without cost, without obligation, mark and mail this coupon. —__——— a = = oo INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS Box ¥682-D, Scranton, Penna. Oldest and largest correspondence schoools in the world Without cost, please tell me how I can qualify for the position or in the subject before which I have marked an X: BUSINESS TRAINING COURSES [jBusiness Management D)Salesmanship Industrial Management LC Advertising Personnel Organization CiBetter Letters | Traffic Management C)Show Card Lettering [ ]Business Law Stenography and Typing ]Banking and Banking Law Business English F} Accountancy (inclucing C.P.A.) Civil Service [| Nicholson Cost Accounting Railway Mail Clerk | | Bookkeeping Common School Subjects [ ) Private Secretary High School Subjects [J Spanish 0 French Illustrating TECHNICAL AND INDUSTRIAL COURSES Electrical Engineering () Architect Electric Lighting LiArchitects’ Blueprints Mechanical Engineer LiContractor and Builder Mechanical Draftsman DArchitectural Draftsman Machine Shop Practice L) Concrete Builder Railroad Positions Structural Engineer Gas Engine Operating Chemistry ([) Pharmacy Civil Engineer LjAutomobile Work Surveying and Mapping DAirplane Engines Metallurgy 0 Mining CJ Agriculture and Poultry Steam Engineering [J Radio ooooooocoooO (J Mathematics DNaMe......-.--0------e-scossronssecseenerscsescessssoccsesessessreonsteter ses sregeas -26-25 Street 6-26 Address.........++-- intimal QL -00ec.esccesssccee-cevrecvevseensenseess I oricecthichvonnseptborilcoesanon Occupation. .........-2.--2::ccceeeeestepeeeneesessessesetestenesttseestessessesees ou reside in Canada, send this coupon to the Interna. U sak Correspondence Schools Canadian Limited, Montreal Magnified 225 Diameters This is what the tip of a fly’s leg is like when seen through the ULTRALENS MICROSCOPE = on Any amateur can immediately start t using his Ultralens to examine the edge of a razor, the mesh of a cotton shirt, the bacteria in dirty water. No technical training required, yet hun- dreds of scientists and teachers are using this instru- ment. Gives enormous magnifica - tion and per- fect defini- tion. Send $7.50 for complete outfit. Send for descrip- tive litera- ture. $7.50 for SCIENTIFIC APPARATUS CORP. “7 Dept. 207 Milton, Pa. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY |\Zée Tlome Workshop, Overhauling a Ford Rear Axle By Ray F. Kuns Author, “Automotive Trade Training” OW to block a Ford car when it is desired to “‘pull” the rear axle is indicated in Fig. 1. By placing the blocks under the runningboard, the axle may be removed and replaced with com- parative ease. Unless the car is blocked unusually high, it will be necessary to remove at least one of the wheels. If both wheels are removed, the axle will slide to the rear, after the spring shackles, brakes, and ball socket have been loosened. If only one wheel is pulled, the axle assembly may be pulled to the side and then backward. Pulling wheels in most cases is -the difficult part of an axle overhaul. The Fig. 1. How the car should be blocked so as to allow the rear axle to be moved to the rear owner may not have kept the castellated nuts on the ends of the axles tight and the wheel hubs may be loose on the axle shaft taper, but in many instances they are very tight, or “frozen,” as it is called. Small wheel pullers that screw on the hub in place of the hub cap will remove a tight wheel hub, but they may not stand the pull required for the removal of a frozen wheel hub. A puller on the order of the one shown in Fig. 2 is required for this work. Spring plates are laid back of. the’ wheel spokes and an adjustable wrench is used to place tension on the screw, which is centered on the shaft end. While one oper- FOR WINDSHIELDS Apply Twice a Year ‘You can now have real and Better Than nent relief from the danger q: ; Windshield Wiper tainty of driving “Blindfoldexe = —Clear Via a rain-blurred windshield every tine ear Vision = it rains. Simply apply NO-BLUR Through the your windshield every six months" EntireWindshield. you are always ready for Jw! ; : J luvius. Whether spring shows drenching downpours, NO-BLUR y. sures perfect vision through the py. TIRE windshield. NO-BLUR i, p t even See jy wouldn’t know it was there b markable action each time it A. A, 5: tie grease to collect dust. One application len six months--will not wear or wash off though your car is equipped with a mec ical windshield wiper you will Welcome the It's Dangerousand $0 ‘sce cleanly trccehe Thee Pei Nerve Racking instead of a scant semi-ci 4 to Da comes complete with cloths for wet? rive Each can contains enough for sev. Seni. Blindfolded annual applications. Price $1 at accesyr, ioe ° dealers or sent postpaid direct. The best dollar you ever spent. Results guarantees, STANDARD SALES CO. DEPT. A-52, MEMPHIS, TENy, Manufacturers and Distributors Automotive Products Clear-Tone ea yf 0] Cera TEETER ~ AV) . Your Amy f° skin can be quickly cleared of Pimples, Black. heads, Acne Eruptionson the face or body, Barbers Itch J and Eczema, Enlarged Pores, (ily or Shiny Skin. CLEAR-TONE has been Tried, Tested and Proven its merits in over 100,000 test cases. WRITE TODAY for my Free Booklet—“‘A CLEAR-TONE SKIN”—telling how I cured myself after being afflicted for fifteen years, E. S. GIVENS 531 Chemical Bldg. Kansas City, Me, BLANK CARTRIDGE PISTOL Lrotection Against burglars, Tramps and Dogs : PRICES 50c. $12 a\ Sal POST: {BLANK i om ) : . PAID Well made and effec- tive; modeled on latest type of Revolver; appear- ance alone is egy to scare a burglar. hen loaded it may be as effec- tive as a real revolver without danger to life. It takes standard’. 22 Cal. lank Cartridges obtainable everywhere. Price SOc. Superior quality he Postpaid. Blank Cartridges, by express, 50c per 100. Johnson Smith & Co. Dept. 494, Racine, Now ART and LIFE. inet £ ges ca:h at. as MAGAZINE = cignments, # §6lessons and articles oD Cartooning, | Designing, Poster work, Lettering, Chalk-talking, ete. Bcautiful rote prints birds, animals, scenery ete. Clean, interesting, helpful. For Art and Nature students. Satisfaction or money refunded. CUT THIS OUT send with$1 now for 4 Mo. Trial Sub. or 6 Big Pack Issues. Art and Lif>, Dept. 2654. Kalamazoo, Mich. ator turns the screw, another strikes a sharp blow on the end of the screw with a sledge hammer. “Care must be taken in this op- eration, as the wheel may be damaged by too much pressure or the axle may easily be injured by too much pounding. A scheme frequently resorted to by garagemen in troublesome cases of frozen wheel hubs is to loosen the castellated nut on the end of the shaft about one turn, reinsert the cotter key, and then take the car for a short, hard run. Driving over Fig. 2. badly “frozen” wheel Removing a (Continued on page 119) © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. Diesel Engines Marine and Stationary By ENSIGN DAVID L. JONES, U.S. Navy The most complete, thoroughly practical and up-to-date treatise on the Diesel Engine ever published. It explains their construc- tion troubles, remedies, operation and ad- justments, practical trials and tests and the elementary thermodynamics of all types of the Diesel Engine. The book is fully illus- trated with drawings of working parts and detail engravings. 400 pages. Price, $5.00 Popular Science Monthly 250 Fourth Avenue New York, N. Y: Getting Ahead? Read the advertisements on Pages 128F to 158 this issue if you want to get ahea rous ordi he | pull dris nut req leas sel sep gea sha out yin dri gal thi me Wo th

Page 121

rch, 19,

ns On Tteh erits

<= ; [aie iome Workshop

March, 1926

Overhauling a Rear Axle (Continued from page 118) rough streets sets up vibrat’cns that ordinarily serve to loosen a frozen hub. Recently a friend called me to say that he had broken a couple of good wheel pullers without freeing his wheels. After } driving around the block once with the nuts loose, he had one wheel loose, but it required four circuits of the block to re- lease the other. Figure 3 shows the process of disas- sembling the axle. After the housings are separated and removed, the differential is disassembled. To remove the side gears, if it is necessary to replace the axle shafts, they first are driven toward the outer end of the shaft a bit and the split ying removed, after which they may be driven off toward the inner end. In garage practice a forcing press is used for this work; but if care is used the home mechanic can do it with a hammer and wooden blocks or by using a short piece of pipe for a drift. A pin is used to hold the universal to the front end of the propeller shaft.

en | < 8F id!

Fig. 3. sembled, inspect each part for defects After the axle has been disas- Line this pin with the holes in the housing and use a drift punch to remove it. Inspect all parts for wear or failure. The bearings supporting the outer ends of the rear axles carry a great load. When they are run without proper lubrication they will cut into the axle shafts. Worn shafts are subject to breakage and they create friction, which consumes power. The bearings are ground out and grease escapes into the brake drum, which may put the hand brake out of commission. In such a case it is useless to replace the felt grease retainers, since the axle flops about in the bearings and pounds the felt out of shape, splashing the grease past it. Another point where failure may occur is in the case of the ring and pinion gears. A small piece of steel from a broken gear tooth may lodge between two teeth of the ring gear and pass under the teeth of the pinion until they are badly chipped. When replacing gears, make very cer- tain they fit properly and are locked securely in position. The ring gear must lay in close contact with the differential carrier and the capscrews must have the heads carefully wired. The pinion shaft must be drawn into the taper of the Propeller shaft to a snug seat, with key in place, and then be locked securely with the cotter key. ° (Continued on page 120)

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 119

‘ Sorry —my dances are all taken” Nota dance with her! It spoiled his entire evening. Other men had dances with her, but he had none. It seemed odd that he was always “just too late.” Or — was that her way of deliber- ately refusing him ? to dance with A great many young men are in- clined to havea grimy-looking skin, spotted with blackheads and dull in appearance. Few realize that this hinders their success in life. Pom- peian Massage Cream helps you overcome this handicap by giving you a clear, ruddy complexion. SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY OFFER

V3 of 60c jar for 10c For 10c we send a special Trial Jar containing one- third of regular 60c con- tents. Contains sufficient Pompeian Massage Cream to test thoroughly its wonderful benefits. Positively only one jar to a family on this excep- tional offer. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

Clears the skin. Pompeian Massage Cream thoroughly cleanses the pores. It helps clear up blackheads and pimples by stimulating healthy cir- culation, and by keeping the skin clean and the pores open. Easy to use. After shaving or wash- ing, rub it in gently. Continue rubbing and it rolls out, bringing with it all the dirt and skin impurities. Result —a clean, healthy skin with clear, glowing color.

Use Pompeian Massage Cream regularly at home —then you'll get the full benefit. At all druggists.

THE POMPEIAN CO., Cleveland, O., Dept. 45 i Gentlemen: I énclose a dime (10c) for #4 of a : 60c jar of Pompeian Massage Cream : Street IRL GNIAD xo. a's. adi wd a aaarara acaridhos 6m esin'ss Raiee\waseaes

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY = eet panel for mounting. R-312 M The Sterling Mfg. Company ys) When you build or rebuild — it is actually amazing, what a marked difference in radio results is obtained with Sterling “Soft Tread” Rheostats and Sterling Microcondensers. To those who rebuild sets, and replace their present rheostat with a Sterling “Soft Tread“ or add the Sterling balancing microcondenser to the circuit, the most highly successful reception is assured, other parts, of course being correct. Sterling ‘‘Soft Tread’ Rheostat The smooth running contact shoe insures free yet noiseless movement in either direction. Enclosed in dust-protecting bakelite and polished nickel case. Requires the drilling of only one hole on Sterling Microcondenser No. R-311 and No. R-312 f Two types, one the R-311 is invaluable for increas- “f ing the grid to plate capacity with 199 and 299 tubes and is extensively used for equalizing radio frequency circuits. The other, the R-312, is ideal for equalizing the capacity of imper- fectly matched intermediate transformers and for single dial control. Adjustment is permanent and easily made. R-311 Max. Capacity 5 Micro. Microfarads ax. Capacity 40 Micro. Microfarads. . See your dealer or write for full description fier Price, $1.25 e « $1, ‘30 0C«(« Cleveland, Ohio, Dept. V. mn A feast Book Free with this pay-raising library For a short time only we will give every subscriber tothe New Library of Machine Shop Practice a copy of French’s Engineering Drawing—the greatest book on mechanical drawing ever written. This book makes drawing as plain as day—tells you all about instruments, plans and methods—and prepares you to handle any drawing job you will ever have to do. It comes to you absolutely free with Machine Shop Practice 9 Volumes — 3065 pages — 3608 Illustrations (A combined home study course and reference library) The New Machine Shop Library is written for practical men. It gives you the best methods for every kind of machine shop work. It explains machine tools and their operation, drawing and design, tool work, gears and grinding, jigs and fixtures, automatic screw machines and their tools and all of the mathematics you will ever have to use. It is plainly written, completely illustrated —the very best kind of help to the machine shop man who wants to advance himself. No money down only 7c a day FREE EXAMINATION COUPON McGRAW-HILL BOOk CO., Inc., 370 Seventh Ave., New York. Send me for 10 days’ free examination the New Library of Machine Shop Practice. If satisfactory I will send you $1.50 in 10 days and $2.00 monthly untii the special price of $19.50 is paid. If not wanted, I will return the books at your expense. On receipt of my first payment of $1.50 it is under- stood that I am to receive, free of charge, a copy of the second edition of French’s Engineering Drawing. Address be wleieete ee ee ee nT Position. . . PO 6 i069 60s 4-35 t5'os- er sew. e Sb 99-06 sie eww Let Your Face Be Your Guide Why go on wondering about what Barbasol is like? Send 10c and get yourself the trial tube. Use Barbasol 3 times according to directions—and let your own face be the judge. We know your happy counte- nance will say, ‘Thank you for using Barbasol!”’ —— COUPON —— The Barbasol Co., Indianapolis, Ind. I enclose 10c. Please send trial tube and I’il give it a fair trial. ONS oikcisk oa cha cun Oibeecarsesscpaxecnncee P. S. M. 3-26 March, 19% Barbasol For Modern Shaving © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. How to Repair Broken Furnace Grates in an Emergency ™ AN emergency a broken furnace grate often can be repaired by Wiring three iron strips along the depressions as shown. The strips should be not less than \% by 1 in. in cross section and as BINDING WIRES ve BREAK IRON STRIPS : Mi P Das g Y% THI CK The cracked grate is held together temporarily with three iron bars bound on with heavy wire long as the grate. The wire should be VY in. in diameter or a little larger. On one occasion I made use of this method in repairing a grate that re- mained in service for a surprising length of time and more recently I repaired another furnace in the same way. The need for some such method is due to delay often entailed in obtaining new grates from the manufacturer, especially if a furnace is of an old and perhaps dis- continued model.—F. W. WiLpEr. Overhauling a Rear Axle (Continued from page 119) When assembling the differential car- rier and axle shaft in the axle housings, it is necessary to use special care. The ring gear is to the left of the pinion gear rather than to the right. In other words, it is toward the left side of the car or in the end of the left housing. Strange as it may seem, it is not at all unusual to find rear axles assembled and rebuilt so that when the car is placed in low gear it travels backward, in reverse it travels forward, and in high it travels backward. Cars with two speeds in re- verse are one of the garageman’s standard jokes, yet the thing continues to happen. Always use new thrust washers against the ends of the differential carrier in re- assembling a Ford axle. Make certain that the steel washers remain in position on the little dowel pins that keep them from turning, Cup grease on these parts will help the assembly. New brake shoes in the wheel brake drums are always to be recommended if the car has seen considerable service. New bearings frequently are required and new gaskets always used. When installing the job under the car, make certain of every point requiring any fastener such as pin, bolt, or nut. Where cotter pins are required, always insert them. Turn the hub locking nuts on the axle shaft up tight. Fill the housing with clean, fresh transmission or differential lubricant to the level of the filler plug. Drive the car a day or two and then re- tighten the nuts. It also is well to go over all nuts and bolts after a few days and reset them. When carefully rebuilt in this way, the job ought to be good for a long period. March, 19: al qussnenecese —_—ee Th —— wossacneuces “Te Re S| tion or * . | frequen porch | | repair | times © type of | as to Mm It ne remain | knot h | of tin « | shown | to form

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Marc. . 1926 _ ate hipshape *S Home BECAUSE of its cheapness and ap- How to Lay Roll Roofing parent ease of ap- plication, composi- | tion or “paper” roofing sold in rolls is used | frequently by home owners, especially for porch roofs, garages, outbuildings and repair work of various kinds, and some- times on the main house roof. Yet this type of roofing often is laid in such a way as to make it valueless in a few years. It never should be placed over sheath- ing boards that are separated more than ¥ in. at the joints. The sheathing should be thoroughly seasoned so that it will remain firm and level at all times. All knot holes should be covered with pieces of tin or the knots nailed down tightly. At the eaves a piece of iron bent as | shown on the next page should be nailed toform a drip edge and to keep the roofing Composition roofing may be put on from ridge down ‘ina firm position. This does away with | the ragged, unsightly edge usually seen on paper roofs. Cement the roofing to the metal drip edge and then nail it along a line about 11% in. from the edge. | Roll roofing, wherever practical, should be laid the long way of the building in- stead of from ridge to eaves. A conve- nent method of laying it is to start at the top or ridge and lay downward toward the eaves, This is by far the best method, in my opinion, but seldom is used. Nail cleats along the roof every 4 ft. from the eaves to within 3 ft. of the ridge. Measure the ridge and if the building is nore than 30 ft. long, cut the roofing in several strips not more than 30 ft. each. If these strips are laid out flat in the sun- light for a time, they can be handled much easier on the roof. Take enough strips to go the entire length of the ridge and lay them one at a time with about 4 in. lapping over the tdge. Reach over, fold this 4-in. overlap, and, starting in the middle of each sheet the outside of the lapover, nail at ‘in, intervals. By nailing from the middle, all buckles are removed. When the sheet is fast the entire length (Continued on page 122) POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 121 HORDARSON TRANSFORMERS Standard on majority of quality sets In sets priced as high as $2000 you'll find Thordarsons! . Gal cr ES HS your radio set lacking in clearness and SMA] volume? To give it a tone quality com- parable with that of the finest receiving instruments, replace the present audio frequency transformers with Thordarsons, Your dealer carries Thordarsons, identical with those used by nearly fifty leading manufacturers whose sets are priced as high as two thousand dollars each. Follow the lead of the leaders—amplify with Thordarsons. Write for interesting literature. supply, order from us. Types and Prices Thordarson Super Audio Frequency Trans- formers, sub-panel or top mounting type: 2-1, $5; 314-1, $4; 6-1, $4.50. Thordarson Power Amplifying Transformers, $13 pair. Thordarson Interstage Power Amplifying Transformers, $8 each. Thordarson Auto- formers, $5 each. All Thordarsons are un- conditionally guaranteed. If dealer cannot MURAD Valleytone . LEICH a asia ewport ~ BUCKINGHAM THORDARSON, ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING CO.\ NUxN-LANDON ‘WORLDS OLDEST AND LARGEST EXCLUSIVE TRANSFORMER MAKERS Chicago, U.S.A. SAVE 3/3 TO 1/2! _ Everything in Radio WRITE FOR CATALOG—FREE RANDOLPH RADIO CORP. 159 N- UNIQN‘AV: = Dept::3 foi ley-\ereee | @ oe inerem GERSTNER CASES | are GOOD Cases Machinists, Toolmakers and other particular mechanics appreciate their splendid quali- ties. Catalog free. Write for it today. H. GERSTNER & SONS 527 Columbia St., Dayton, 0. handle. German silver tee! and warranted. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. a Handy shaped blade makes this knife best for mechanics, s rtsmen and Sarmors: Hight but strong; resharpened easily. 3 blades file tested, hand forged from FACTORY PRICE SAMPLE $1.18 3 for $3.00 POSTPAID x Send for our 100 age free list and ‘HOW TO USE A RAZOR” GROSH CO. 110A. St. Toledo, 0. Established 1877

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Distortionless Amplification In impedance coupled Amplifiers (which evenly amplify all the notes in the musical scale) as well as in most of the latest developments in audio am- plification; fixed condensers and grid leaks are essential elements of the hook-up. Unless the accuracy and reliability of these parts is above question, the results from the unit will prove disappointing. The set-builder who uses Dubilier By-Pass Condensers and the silent Dubilier Metaleak in constructing this unit, works with the assurance that comes from the use of parts whose perform- ance has been tested and guaranteed by the best known manufacturer of condensers in the world. ‘Dubilier CONDENSER AND RADIO CORPORATION March, ij WITTE ENcines The ONE - PROFIT — Throttling Governor THE STANDARD in cheap, dependable “ power—an all-purpose engine—yet 80 simple and treuble-proof a boy can operate ab it. Over 100,000 in use all over the world. #7 Burns KEROSENE, GASOLINE, 8s GAS-OIL, DISTILLATE or GAS. af Delivers big surplus power on ony fuel—even speed onanyload. Completely equip with WICO Magceto, s 8 and power regulator and throttling governor. 3 WICO Magneto This famous magneto assures : Equipped easy starting in any tempera- sty ture—sure performance in rain, snoworsleet. The # most perfectsystemof high tension ignition known. : All Sizes—2 to 25 Horsepower. | sh DOWN wp to 10 H-P. TERMS BH @REE—Send for our latest Engine Book, or if in- Mu terested. ask for our Log and Tree Saw, 3-in-l Saw aH Rig or Pump Catalogs. Noobligation, : WITTE ENGINE WORKS 4H 2221 Witte Bldg. 2221 Empire Building, an KANSAS CITY, ¢ PITTSBURGH, PA, By missouri. & ee Does Your Watch - Tell Time in the Dark? TF RADIOLITES Tell Time in the Dark With a Radiolite under your pillow at night, you can find out the time almost without waking up. Models $2.75 to $6.50. spannnnanenemennenes santanrarenntnnnsananreencnnnssnnoenereneennnnl IS) This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. (Continued from page 121) on the lapover, remove the first row dl cleats at the top and lay the second row (| paper in the following manner: Fin scribe on the roof boards with a peneil a piece of chalk a line where the bottom the top row of paper is to come. Measyp) up 2 in. from this and make a few maki as guides. Now throw the top layer yf paper back, slide the next sheet to th) marks and fasten it with a nail or two gh the middle. Let the top sheet drop) | A" LAP OVER RIDGE * DRIP EDGE METAL? SHEATHING BOARDS | Diagrams showing the principles of laying roll roofing and how to finish the lower edges down, mark along its lower edge, raise it! again, and cement carefully to this line. Then nail along the joint, starting as be. fore from the middle. Lay all the sheets down to the eaves the same way. You will find that the finished roof is) without a buckle and that the seams ar| invisible from the ground. Furthermore, not a smear of cement will show and that! is of great value on the mineral-surfaced,| colored roofings used on dwellings. There! will be no holes in the roof from walking| or dragging material over it. Chestnut or pine furring strips 1 by 2) in. are ideal for use as cleats on all but the! steepest roofs.—CHARLEs W. Husertz. Some so-called| pipeless or one-| pipe furnaces give| more or less trot- ble after they have been used for a while, because the cement that holds the see- tions together becomes loose and permits ashes, gas, and smoke to come up through the register into the living rooms. Often much damage is done in this way to draperies, furniture, and wallpaper. Thisobjection was overcome to a great extent in my own case by having four angle irons made at the local blacksmith shop. The irons were made to fit as nearly as_ possible the conformation of the top and bottom sections of the furnace, as indicated 1 the accompanying drawing. Two long rods were threaded at each end like bolts. These were slippe through the holes in the free ends of the two pairs of angle irons, which wer approximately in line. After the furnact joints had been well puttied with furnace Reinforcing Furnace Joints How to prevent gas leaks from a furnace March, 1' —_—— or iror with Thi: effecti gas | EuGe! are 1 accid line « tacki spree com] to th will torn to ri (Continued on page 123)

Page 125

tom 1 in ach ped the vere race 1ace March, 1926 ( or iron cement, the rods were bolted down with ordinary nuts and washers. ; This simple device proved especially effective when coal was burned, as coal gas had_ given the most trouble.— EuGENneE L. GIgsE. IN PLACE of the time-honored wire Chain Supports a Paint Pot hook, I find a chain is more convenient for fastening a paint can to the rung of a Jladder. The chain should be 1 or 1) ft. Jong, with a key ring at one end and a snap hook at the : other. The ad- vantages are that it seems to keep out of the way bet- ter, does not get lost so readily, and can be shortened or adjusted as nec- essary by passing more loops around the ladder rung. The chain should be heavy enough to stand the weight of the paint can and a reasonable amount of rough usage.— Ricnarp C. Tarr. R ae WINDow - SHADES epairing sometimes are pulled down so Window-Shades violently that they are torn off the roller. When such an accident happens, take the time to run a line of liquid glue along the roller before tacking the shade back in place. Then spread more glue on the shade until one complete turn has been fastened securely tothe roller. When the glue is dry, there will be little danger of the shade’s being torn off, unless it is pulled so violently as to rip the cloth. Tested AFTER a furniture oe ening repairman had Chair Springs | ripped off the bot- tom of our over- stuffed chairs on several occasions in order to retie the twine connecting the springs, I prevented further breaking by fastening the springs together with strips of sheet copper 1% in. thick and 4g in. wide. The copper bands were looped around the springs as shown and soldered in place. The thin, flat metal gives slightly so that it can not be felt under the uphol- stery, and the repair has proved a lasting one.— “F. J. Wire. \----SOLDER LARGE cracks and openings, especial- ly in light wood- ; work, can be filled with a putty made of equal parts of corn starch, wheat flour, Japan drier, and lin- oil. Add color, if necessary, and Filler for Large Cracks allow the filler to dry before varnishing. ee © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6, POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 123 Years of experience Ta, are behind this radio battery TwENTy years ago, when the automotive industry was in its infancy, Prest-O-Lite gave the motor-car its first dependable eyes. Today Prest-O-Lite Batteries, for radio and motor-cars, are sold by millions in all parts of the world, and there is always a Prest-O-Lite or radio dealer service station a few steps from your home. Prest-O-Lite Radio Bat- teries were especially de- signed for radio in the world’s largest electro- chemical laboratories. In engineering, materials and workmanship nobody offers more than Prest-O-Lite. Prest-O-Lite Storage Bat- teries deliver their rated ampere-hour capacity at full power, thus lengthening the time between recharging and assuring good reception. Prest-O-Lite Batteries are attractively pricedfrom$4.75 up. It is no longer necessary to take a chance on batteries of unknown make. Tue Prest-O-Litz Co., Inc. INDIANAPOLIS, IND. New York San Francisco In Canada: Prest-O-Lite Company of Canada, Ltd., Toronto, Ontario Send for free booklet “*What every owner of a radio should know about storage batteries” is a little booklet which every radio fan will find interesting and helpful. It is crammed full of hints that will bring surprising radio results—and Save you money. It’s yours for the asking—without obligation. STORAGE BATTERIES FOR MOTOR-CARS AND RADIO H LATHE Cap., 4 in, dia. x 12 length. Sliderest has trav- el entire length of bed. Lead-screw inside bed. Hollow spindle. Turning, facing, boring drilling, winding, thread cutting. 1926 CATALOG "JUST OUT! Niastockt***'s28'06| SEND FOR YOUR COPY Gorapiete tin of acgeesories at ecuallt iow grices. New Catae] | Mt -w-Wa poe welt. e-Wo ee) eke). 1 oe E . P. S. 9, 120 Liberty Street, t fi la New York 159 N. UNION AV. Dept. 3. CHICAGO, ILL. fh —— iit ——— - Fe ||| | it - mre 8S —— — : — Unbreakable, TRIO Self-Filling Fountain Pens. Guaranteed for 2 Years. “It makes Carbon Copies.” Mone} refunded if you do not think it is the best pen you ever wrote with. Finished in beautiful green, red, purple or black. Send for wholesale quantity price list and distributing plans. F. SPORS & CO., 198 4th Street, Lesueur Center, Minn.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

O RADIO fan wants to put up an outdoor aerial more than once, if he canhelp it. That is why the experienced set owner installs a Beldenamel Aerial. N Every strand of a Beldenamel Aer- ial is carefully coated with baked Beldenamel to resist the corrosive action of atmospheric fumes and smoke. A bare copper aerial soon corrodes and becomes inefficient. A Beldenamel Aerial lasts for years without deterioration.

Install a permanent Beld- enamel Aerial, sold in a distinctive striped carton, clearly labeled for your protection against substi- tutes. By using a 150-foot length, the aerial wire can be used as a lead-in with- out joints.

l Send for Free Illustrated Booklet \ Belden Manufacturing Company, 2304-K So. Western Ave., Chicago. Please send me your latest illustrated booklet, free, describing Belden Radio Products and their use in Radio work. we mmm emt etme eee ee eee eeeeeseserere eee ee wwe eee eer ee reese eesreeeerere

_ NEW VEST POCKET ADDING MACHINE Adds as rapidly and accurately as ae $300 machine, yet fits the vest pocket. mm Mechanically perfect. Easy to operate —nothing to get out of order. Everyone ™ who uses figures should own one. Counts Up to 999,999,999 Potal visible at all times. A pull of the finger clears it. Don’t carry a pocket full of pencil stubs and sera paper to do your figuring. Carry a Ve-Po-Ad. 4 Send no money. a} 10 Days Trial Just name and ad- \ dress and we will send machine postpaid. Pay postman on delivery $..95. Use it for i, 10 days to prove it does all we claim. If i not perfectly satisfied we will refund your 4 money. Limited supply. Send order Vv

184 W. Washington St., Chicago, If, Here’s a money maker. wants one. . your lathe run- } Reliable Adding Mach.Corp.,Dpt_ 153

etter Shop Methods| Old Bill Says— R. “I DIDN’T THINK” has no business in a machine shop.

We all know that makeshifts are to be avoided whenever possible, but it is a poor mechanic who cannot devise one in an emergency or adapt himself to unusual circumstances. Knowing the right speeds and feeds for your cutting tools is just as impor- tant in its way as knowing how to grind them. I like workmen who come to the shop with the same enthusiasm they take to a baseball game. Every machin- ist can read with keen appreciation and pleasure ‘A Yankee in King Arthur’s Court,”’ by Mark Twain.

When turning work on centers in a lathe, never go away and leave Old Bill, machine shop foreman ning, for a center may get hot and be twisted off and then you will find your job on the floor when you return. Men sometimes hesitate about com- ing to me with a question. It is no reflection on a mechanic’s knowledge or ability to ask a question about such parts of the work as he does not thor- oughly understand. There is a right way and a wrong way to use a monkey wrench. The jaw open- ing should point in the direction of the pull on the wrench.

Improvised Threading Die HEN an erector was faced with the necessity of cutting longer threads on some foundation bolts already in place for an air compressor and could find no die of the proper size at hand, he in-

SETSCREW CUTTING TOOL y 4 FLAT STEEL U- BOLT for threading bolt; geniously made the tool illustrated. It consists of a nut to give the proper lead, a flat bar of steel with a setscrew to hold a threading tool at one side of the nut, and a U-bolt for fastening the bar to the nut.—FRrANK N. CoakLey.

for epecial offer. e Everybod: Splendid profit, "Write A novel emergency tool March, 194 BIG NOVELTY BARGAIN! 10 Cts, Sue TH ROW is Y, YOUR

SNe Swa: Into a trunk, under the bed or anywhere, Lots of Fun fooling the Teacher, Policeman or N( : Friends, Barrels of Fun, A Vie THE VENTRI , L is 1d¢ Ly D a little minment, Soke the ILO, This id of sight, used with above for Bird Calls, ete, Sent with | work 1n structions; anyone can useit, NEVER FAILS, Als on y PAGE BOOK ON VENTRILOQUISM, Peon®?| B | have 8 Secret Writing, LT v3 Making Secrets and the marvelous of typ NOVE X-RAY WONDE other 0 s Withit you can ap ntly see th ry ‘Sly, Wend ia. pencll, ete Tore crow snes | | | ‘The CE outfit, “Also 10 Big Mage ‘Tricks Fre ‘to fit t] ‘ 2 ye wit ‘8 = asaya ne All the aon angles | = = Novelti “ . Z . IS writ d way 1S z ‘i mai W Zi VENTRILO COMPANY. | iBKNOCK R Dept. 307 Norwalk, Conn, _ LARGEST and OLVEST Mail Order Housein Connecticut, “DON'T SHOUT” ‘Tl hear you. I can hear now ag well as any body. ‘HOW?’ With THE MORLEY PHONE. I've a pair in my ears now, but they are invisible. I would not know Ihad them in, myself, only that I hear all right.” SCR ST The Morley Phone for the DEAF Aft bloc is to the ears what glasses are to the same | eyes. Invisible, | : ‘ a — | shaft. td ee i-I0, THE MORLEY CO., Dept. 797, 10S. 18th Street, Philadelphia < necess Th DON’T WEAR die bl j pressi A TRUSS press fully BE COMFORTABLE— i Wear the Brooks Appliance, the actly modern scientific invention which the v RY? rupture sufferers immediate re= : jef. It has no obnoxious rion or in th pads, Automatic Air Cushions bind ; end draw to; ether the broken rts. | the s o salves or plasters. Durable. Cheap. Sent on trial to prove its worth. —d MR. C. E. BROOKS | anot] ware of imitations. Look for trade-mark bearing portrait and signature of C. E. Brooks which appears on every Appliance. None other genuine, Full information and | booklet sent free in plain, sealed envelope. | Ca BROOKS APPLIANCE CO., 230-B State St., Marshall, Mich. | Looks Like# % Q) a Real BBE? 3 Protect yourself from toughs tom and hold-up men. Most amaz- oS et ing automatic 4% in. long; INK | gun-metal tinish. Can’t tell from real atuomatic until you pull the iB trigger and presto! you have Opera G' |e Pocket Mirror, Magnifying. ¢ lass, iin * = oe | the | Sam the MAKES 10 " — ‘ USEFUL of" ‘Automatic’ depoett with Postman The ARTICLES fiction gusrantecs or depostrsiyadel. = ly § &'C0.; Dept. 1783, 3244 N. Halsted St.. Chicago, tl. ‘slit po | Cc | Pre Tool Cases | ic for Machinists, Car- tle penters and Tool firr Makers; none better; bh thirty styles. Quarter- |= ed oak and metal cov- | the ered. Ask for booklet. | sn “Built for Service” ie The Pilliod Lumber Co., Swanton, Ohio | be bo Long established manufacturer of auto etn W sories which are daily sold by practically all whole- it sale and retail: accessory houses will consider: | manufacturing and distributing new automobile a products, capable of equally wide sale chroust { same channels. Patented articles preferred. Address Auto Accessory Manufacturer, Room } 2104, 310 8. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Ill.

HS) _ This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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| F osc ° oy ar- er; er- ov- et. e” March, 1926 fer Shop WMictinods Swaging a Solid Key on Cold Rolled Steel Shafts NOVEL method of swaging a key on A a small shaft is illustrated below. This idea is suitable for certain classes of work in which the key is not required to have great strength, as in the mechanism of typewriters, adding machines, and other office appliances. The tool steel die block has one hole | to fit the shaft and another hole at right angles to the first for the punches. A key- way is cut through the work hole the ae re [Brwon pRESS | ari After the shaft has been inserted in the die block, two punches are used to form a solid key same size as the key to be formed on the ‘shaft. The top punch is pierced with a %-in. hole, which is useful if it becomes necessary to knock out the bottom punch. The work is placed in position in the die block, both punches are inserted, and pressure is applied by means of an arbor press. If the punches are made so care- fully that the shoulder distances are ex- actly right for the thickness of the key, the work will not vary more than .001 in. in thickness. If a larger key is required, ianother key swaged in line with the first. | Cardboard Stand Prevents Ink | Bottle from Tipping ink bottle. Lay out a circle ‘in the center of ‘the cardboard the ‘same diameter as ‘the ink bottle. Then cut 10 equal- ly spaced radial ‘slits and bend the points upward. . Press the board down over the bot- tle so that it rests the shaft can be slid along in the hole and Or a piece of cardboard 10 or 12 in. square and a rubber band are needed tomake a safety stand for the draftsman’s Tube Receiver Here is a new radio receiver sensation in which are combined the genius of McMurdo Silver and Laurence M. Cockaday. A receiver for the home No choicer group of radio products has ever been em- bodied in a single radio receiver. Not only are these manufac- turers nationally known and accepted as the leaders in radio design and construction, but they have developed for the Silver-Cockaday receiver several new features which will create a new standard in reception throughout the radio world. Contributing Manufacturers: Belden Mfg. Co. S-C Wiring Harness Central Radio Laboratories Centralab Resistance Polymet Mfg. Corporation Fixed Condensers, Leak “and Leak Clips Silver-Marshall, Inc. Variable Condensers, Coil Sockets, Coils, Tube Sockets, Vernier Dial, Mounting Brackets Thordarson Electric Mfg. Co S-C Power Transformers firmly on the ta- CARDBOARD —— - ble, as shown at the right, and then map arubber band around the bottle near the bottom. The bottle may BENDING LINE > be moved around RADIAL SLITS without danger of How the cardboard Its being tipped is cut, bent, and used and the surface of Hace for drafting tools.—H. L. W. the cardboard makes a convenient resting Walnart Electric & Mfg. Co. {Continental Fibre Co.} Drilled and Processed Front Panel and Drilled Sub-Panel Yaxley Mfg. Co. Rheostat, Jacks, Switch -* POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY \Send for this New Hookup yyy builder that will represent for several seasons to come a far greater doilar for dollar value than any other design available. Startling New Features SINGLE CONTROL—But one tuning or station selector control. SELECTIVITY--In a residential district of New York City, within a few hundred yards of powerful sta- tions, thirty-five stations were heard between 9 and 10 p. m. on the loud-speaker. KFI, in Los Angeles, was heard with ample volume to fill two rooms. UALITY—Two new-type Thordarson power am- pifying transformers possessing a substantially flat requency characteristic over the range of 40 to 6,000 cycles, give a superior quality of distortionless re- production. . VOLUME—Exceeds that of other four-tube receiv- ers, and equals that obtainable from standard. five and six-tube receivers. UNLIMITED WAVE LENGTH RANGE, through the use of interchangeable coils. WIRING AND ASSEMBLY—All wir- ing is carried in special harness. Since each wire is os the right length, and has a special color, it is impossible to go wrong in wiring. ante Over-all design, rugged and solid. Adap- OGD, ted to practically any standard cabinet, Sit Key to the any standard tube, any battery or elim- : Renata inator source of supply, outdoor anten- Receiver na orloop. Full description of the re- G eyGa > ceiver will be published in the March issue of Popular Radio. anes PS Get the hand book at your nearest Ra- he dio Dealer or clip the coupon and send ae with:25 cents TO-DAY. Address aot The S-C The S. C. Merchandising yee 6 ie Committee oo” 112 S. Wabash Ave Chicago Pd 5 7" et aaaia Ave. aa Gentlemen: Please find enclosed 25c, = eS __ for which send me hand book of the new -- - Silver-Cockaday Receiver. o ov NAME ADDRESS. SAY! Dept. C. § ANEW PAIR OF PANTS MATCHED TO YOUR COAT AND VEST. doubles the life of your suit. match almost any suit. = — a O. K. efore m ng. made to measure. NOT A TOY Send piece of cloth or vest for matching. ACME PANTS MATCHERS Enclose return postage #f vest 4s sent. LISTEN! DIVIDES Does work of $300 machine. Guaranteed 5 years. Made of steel and indestructible. Million dollar capac- o . pen Sn a age ee aa not make nancrareecmonesine ‘ s. Sosimplec can oper- BABY CALCULATOR] reg a - 1} ¢ 20 W. Jackson, Chicago CAP peeiR body should © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. 2 and it’s yours # els, letely rebuilt and re- - Be te ese ee GUARANTEE for ten offer. Typewriter Ex., 186 W. Lake St. Dept. PATENT APPLIED FOR) carry one for. SRORTONARSNey) «figuring. [Vere FREE TRIAL } Send No Money—Just ; name and address. We will ship Gn Calculator immediately. On de- Revere, §=livery pay postman $2.50, plus Ry a FTA 5 t satis! after WOOCMME! trial ect your money back. THOUSANDS Psi! §=6OF SATISFIED USERS. Raggy cts: ) is is the lowest priced prac tical Calcu- lator made, , Vhy pay ee 2g inferior imitations?’ r from this ad. — eae gate Chicago wi Bove spt 32 0. Box 5 te Write ioe big commiss on and territory roposition.

Page 128

126 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Nestler Process is simplicity itself as demonstrated by the inventor, Emil Nestler, rubber expert and engineer. jj One step of 7 which comprise process here shown. New Tires from Old Amazing New Patented Process Fuses or Welds New, Tough,’ Durable Rubber Tread onto Worn Tires ONCEIVE that of all methods present or past the Nestler Rubber Fusing Process alone produces a positive joint such as by fusing or welding between new and old rubber! The first and only practical and successful method of re-rubbering a tread worn tire is here at last —a_ simple, fast, inexpensive process that makes tires new again and cuts tire costs in half. Think of the opportunity for this service right in your community! Right now the opportu- nity is exceptional on account of present tire costs. And all indications point to still higher prices for years to come due to an impending rubber famine. The result is a tremendously increased demand for Nestler Service. Each year since 1917 thousands of worn tires have been successfully nestlerized by ourselves and those licensed by us under the basic Nest- ler Patent. We are now prepared to issue to men who qualify, a limited number of addi- tional licenses. License rights will include pro- tected territories and full cooperation from this company. Previous experience is unnecessary since licensees will receive thorough training without charge. We have demonstrated that any person of average intelligence can jearn to operate the Nestler Process and the simplified Nestler Equipment in a few weeks’ time. In- vestment for necessary Equipment only from about $1000 upward, depending on production required for territory. Terms may be arranged. The 34 million tires worn out annually, con- stitute a limitless opportunity for business and profit. With aggressiveness and the applica- tion of sound business methods, a Nestler Rubber Fusing Station yielding $10,000, to $20,000, or more yearly profits can easily be created. The Nestler Plan tells how it can be done. It gives facts and figures in addition to a full description of the Nestler Rubber Fusing Proc- ess, Nestler Equipment and the way they work together. Choice territories are now going fast. If the bare outline of this proposition as given above is interesting to you, you are urged to write without delay. Nestler Rubber Fusing Co., Inc. Dept. SP—245 W. 55th Street New York, N. Y. Detter Shop Methods Lamp and Fuse Carrier for Shops and Large Buildings OR large buildings the lamp and fuse carrier illustrated saves time for who- ever is charged with the task of keeping the electric lights in order. The actual cost of making it was $1.10, and that was for the box corners and leather handle. The wood came from a packing case. It was designed and made to aid in the work of replacing lamps in a hospital where the buildings are scattered over extensive grounds. Carrying the various sized lamps around in their original pack- ing had been a nuisance and often resulted in breakage.—James F. Macee. General Utility Shop Clamps Made Quickly by Welding HE new style of clamp illustrated is welded from pieces of scrap boiler tubing. It is strong enough to stand any strains to which it may be put. In making it, a 1-in.- wide ring is cut from 2- in. boiler tubing and is flattened on thé sides to an oval shape. A re- inforcement made from a section of a similar ring is fit- ted snugly around one end of the oval, and the ends of this are oxyacety- lene welded to the sides of the oval- shaped section. A %-in. hole is drilled through the top of this re- inforced ‘sectien and top of ring, then tapped fora set screw. The shoe of the clamp is another piece of 1-in.-wide ring cut from boiler tubing, bent to fit, if necessary. A spot is counter- sunk in the top of the shoe to receive the point of the setscrew.—A. G. WIKoFF. This powerful clamp serves many purposes Selecting Babbitt Metal ABBITT metal in the better grades is composed of tin, antimony, and copper in about the proportion of 88, 10, and 2 respectively, with no lead. The cheap grades contain only a small per- centage of tin and antimony and rarely any copper; indeed, the bulk of the poorer varieties is chiefly lead. To insure relia- bility and endurance in a bearing, only the highest grade babbitt should be used. It costs more, but wears longer. March, i9y, Buoyant, steady and graceful TueERe’s a joyousness—a sense of absolute freedom about canoeing that comes with no other sport. “What shall we do this sum- mer?” is uppermost in the minds of thou- sands. Why not let an ‘Old Town Canoe” help answer the question for you? You'll be mighty proud of your “Old Town.” These canoes are patterned after actual Indian models. Graceful, sleek and fast, “Old Town Canoes” win the admiration of all who see them, Remarkably low in price too. $64 up. From dealer or factory, The 1926 catalog is beautifully illustrated with all models in full colors. Write for your free copy today. Orp Town Canog Co., 1693 Middle St., Old Town, Maine, Old Town Canoes. RANDOLPH RADIO Corp. 159 .N: _UNION AV.” Dept: 3 CHICAGO, HLL. Cards, stationery, labels, paper, = circulars, tags, menus, book ete. Save mone and time, cut costin Pays for itself in a short time. Complete Outfits, $8.85 up. Job Press, $12, $35; Rotary $150. Print for Others Big Profits. All easy, rules sent. rite for catalog of presses, type, paper, cards, envelopes, paper cutters. The Press Co., E-33, Meriden, Coos. BUCHSTEIN’S FIBRE LIMB is soothing to your stump—- strong, cool; neat, light. Easy payments. EXcecgioR ae Braces Guaranteed 5 Years Forall Send for Catalog Today deformities P. BUCHSTEIN CO., 610-3rd Ave., So., Minneapolis, Minn. Direct from Factory $39.00 buys iT, RAC EAB OUT torpedo body in gray prime fon your Ford. Spe cial hood and bul Jet nose shell. Write for Catalogue . AMERICAN TOP & BODY CO. Lake St. Delphi, Ind. “LIGHTING FIXTURES” Ready to hang. Direct from the manufacturer. Completely wired, includi glassware. Send for New Catalogue No. 27 (Just reduced prices) Special proposition to Dealefs ERIE FIXTURE SUPPLY C0. Desk A, Erie, Pa. is the big Prize Offer on page 4 of this issué SE IS) This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. chuck metho necess The and a the w the t somev sentec a litt soon be bo: ting | the li Th have | practi | Wh conju ‘the di | near the d Fo TEE STEE | (ORM | of th the d Ty \¢ of ste | pins, othe Ar Placi turni posit stoc Pins hes

Page 129

Drilling in the Lathe without Using a Centering Tool S° SIMPLE a thing as drilling a hole in a piece a work held in a lathe chuck may be made even easier if the method illustrated is used. It is not even necessary to use a centering tool. The drill is held in the tailstock spindle and advanced so that it almost touches the work. A tool of any kind is put in the toolpost with the point elevated somewhat § so that a flat surface is pre-

The drill, after being steadied with a lathe tool, centers itself TAILSTOCK 2 sented to the drill. The tool is run in until it touches the drill, which is slowly fed into the work. If the drill wabbles, the tool is pushed a little harder against the drill, which soon centers itself. One caution has to be borne in mind: The drill must be cut- ting freely and without wabble before the lip is below the surface. I have used this method for years and have never seen it fail. It requires little practice, and when mastered saves time. When a taper shank drill is used in conjunction with a drill-holder, I start the drill with a heavy center punch mark

near the center and proceed to true up the drill in the same way.—W. H.

Forming Small Eyes by Hand

STEEL BLOCK Pe i ji . it i _P STEEL PINS =~ i (ORIVING FIT)

TE a Tcl for forming an eye on a number of rods so that the centers of the eye and rod would be in line led to Two holes were drilled in a small block of steel; these were a driving fit for steel pins, one the size of the required eye, the other a little larger. The distance between was the thickness of the wire stock. An eye was formed.and centered by

Placing the stock in the first position and turning to the second, third, and fourth Positions shown. The former was found to work equally well on round cr flat stock, but when the flat stock is used, the pins must be as high as the stock is wide. ~Harotp N. Wurrmore, M.E.

the development of the device illustrated. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 127 Copyright, 1926, by the Ship- man-Ward Mig. Co. Others may copy this offer but they cannot duplicate the VALU

A Genuine UNDERWOOD Machine!

bd OTT TT pe 5 ieee TTT YUL TT Te - $ ’ C22) A Bargain You Gan’t Ignore! for not owning a typewriter—and the finest make! We include all tools, cover, etc., all complete, all ready to write. Write us now. Deal direct; we are the largest factory of the kind. FR EE! Get our catalog ® free; lowest rices and terms. A manual ree, too; valuable instruction for learning rapid typing, use- ful pointers for all who use a typewriter, business forms, so- cial correspondence, work for others, etc. Clip coupon now! ie

A Standard Typewriter Is a Joy to Every Member of a Family! (®t YOUR typewriter now. A genuine, Ship- man-Ward rebuilt Underwood—“‘the machine you willeventually buy.’? Don’t send a cent, but do get our special offer—valuable book on type- writing—free. You can learn to write on this stand- ard-keyboard Underwood in a day. In a week, you'll feellost without it! The free trial will prove it. Our rebuilt plan gives you the best machine and a big saving. Act NOW If Ever! Speak up, if you want one! This Underwood is so popular this lot we’re completing now won’t be | long in selling! Rebuilt from top to bottom—every single worn part replaced. New typewriters are | guaranteed for a year; we guarantee this one five years! That’s our Better-Than-New Guarantee. | And we guarantee a big saving! Mail to Smeman-Warp Mrc. Co. 2143 Shipman Bldg., Chicago Please send FREE, full offer, catalog, typing manual, and outline your free course in Touch Type- writing, without obligation! i 2 ines

We don’t wanta penny now. Nor any money at | CMAN a Wale L cg nuis asi cel Sea ote sR eae eee all, unless this proves the typewriter bargain of your iG at tet ed 1 ee) Df od 0, ee life. The trialis free. If you buy, our easy terms | Saha Ryne ae make it a pleasure to pay. There’s no excuse now, | PEA ROT cre waiel sc Cecuisle debe ce thie st waa els Sap olamaes

FOR CLEAR, QUIET “B” POWER SEND NO MONEY Genuine Full Cut Diamonds °, Terms If Desired—6 Months No. 6132— Solid to Pay. Outside U.S. Gold Men’s Initial Cash with Order or Emblem Ring. 2 Genuine Diamonds 2 5 , 4-100 each. 14-Kt. White Gold =— Top. Gold Emblem (any Lodge) or ann initial(Old English yellow or white — inlaid in Gen- “"HOPE R UBY

@) RADIO Storage “B” Battery © 24Vvetts Lasts Indefinitely—Pays for Itself 24 Volts - Economy an ‘ormance unheard of before. Recharged at a negli- gible cont. —— unfailing | hd that is Foye ure and qui pproved and listed as 4 eading Radio Authorities, includ- ing ‘op. Radio echoed gy Pop. Inst. Cee Radio News Letax, is aks TC i Also, in Be Onyx

and other a ak Institutions. equipped with eed Rubber an insurance against acid an heavy glass jars. 5 Heavy rugged plates. Order yo ne cede NE Just state number of "hatte tteries wanted and we will ship day order = received. Extra offer: 4 batteries in series (96 volts), $10.60 can after examining batteries. 5 per cent - thy for gle 3 | your order now WORLD oy ¥ COMP. No. 61323 ‘This Reg. Trade Mark Suarantecs you g¢couine diamonds. No. 6598. Any initial (raised gold) or

aba Eastern Star, Rebecca, Mason, Shrine, 1719940 - Wi h Ave., Dept, 4 on K. of C. emblem instead of initial _ Prices: Cooly 106 Amn. $1 ae Reet fuses! 03 Amp. 414.0. desired. Send number of ring, size of finger, initial or emblem desired and No. 6598 — sing will be sent for inspection. Ladies’ Ring re wl di Seapeor fad Dot Ask for Free Catalog Genuine : ats World Storagy Battery Buffalo Jewelry Mfg. Co. Ae = i k or -_ Watch teeter announcements. *“The Dail-Order House’’ enuine Fu ui! Dept A Diamond. 14-Kt. 601 Washington St.. Buffalo, N. ¥. White Gold.

© This seal on a redio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See vage 6,

Page 130

128 Are You Afraid to Face the Truth About Y ourself? There are occasions in the life of every man when he realizes how miserably he has fallen below what others had ex- pected of him and what he had dreamed for himself. The “big” man faces the truth, and does something about it. The “little’’ man finds an excuse for his failure, and does noth- ing. What are your answers when you ask yourself quese tions like these? Am I not drifting along aimlessly? What, after all, is my purpose in life? Am I trusting too much to chance to bring me success? What is my greatest weak point? . Is it lack of will, poor ‘memory, mental laziness, mind-wane dering, or what? Am I “‘licked”’ by life, am I a ‘‘quitter’’? What can I do, now, to ‘‘find myself’’? How 550,000 People Have “Found’’ Themselves Through Pelmanism Pelmanism is a scientific system of mind-training; it takes the well-established principles of psychology, simplifies them so that they can be understood by every- body, and arranges them into a really remarkable system, which is designed to re-arouse and to train certain mental faculties, which in most of us lie absolutely dormant and atrophied. What It Has Done Pelmanism originated in Great Britain. Members of the royal family, leading statesmen, distinguished military and naval officers, world-famous authors, artists, actors, editors and publicists, leaders in industry and finance, people of the highest distinction in the Empire—became just as enthusiastic Pelmanists as clerks and “ tommies” and day-laborers When the movement spread to America the same story was repeated—captains of industry and finance, men of affairs, jurists, writers, leading business men, professional people of all types—adopted Pelmanism as enthusiastically as wage-earners and college students. And now, over 550,000 people in every part of the world, men and women usually of the highest type of intelligence, have adopted and use Pelmanism to help them “find themselves.” Send for Free Book When people like General Sir Robert Baden-Powell, Judge Ben 8B. Lindsey, Frank P. Walsh, Major General Sir Frederick Maurice, Admiral Lord Beresford, T. P. O'Connor, H. R. H. Prince Charles of Sweden, Jerome K. Jerome, George Lunn, Sir Harry Lauder and thousands of others equally famous find that there is “something in Pelmanism,” can you afford to ignore its possibilities for you? We will be glad to send you, without charge, a book called “Scientific Mind-Training.” This tells the complete story of Pelmanism, what it is and what it does: it is filled with stories—some of them almost unbelievable—of people whose lives have been completely made over by Pelmanism. To send for this book involves you in no obligation. The Pelman Institute of America (Approved as a Correspondence School under the laws of the State of New York) Suite 873, 19 W. 44th St., New York, N. Y. (aoe 2 8 8 8 8 OE SR ER OE OE OE OE EB OE OE OB OB OE OE OE UO UO US UG The Pelman Institute of America, 19 W. 44th St., Suite 873, New York City. I want you to show me what Pelmanism has actually done for over half a million people. Please send me your free book, “Scientifie Mind-Training.’’ This places me under no obligation whatever. Name.... Address POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Better Shop Methods | Old Bill Talks on Cutting Fluids (Continued from page 76) blood poisoning. For this reason it is important that any cooling medium used should possess some antiseptic properties in addition to its other desirable char- acteristics. In this connection it is well to remem- ber that the U. S. Health Service recom- mends the use of lanolin or equal parts of lanolin and castor oil as a preventive for oil acne. This should be rubbed on the hands and forearms after they have been washed thoroughly with warm water and soap. The lanolin, it has been found, is most effective when applied both in the morning and at noon. The need for this treatment is indi- cated by the fact that the Public Health Service found that 27 per cent of machine- shop workers examined were suffering from this type of skin disease, which is caused by constant contact with cutting oils and compounds. HERE specific results are required, there is seldom any economy in mixing different oils and compounds, as they may be purchased properly mixed or compounded. While the process of mixing them is simple, it calls for special apparatus and care so that the various ingredients will not separate after being placed in use. A good oil or compound for cutting purposes should contain a large propor- tion of fatty matter, for it is the fatty matter that gives the coolant the neces- sary strength to do its work. In fact, the fatty matter is the most valuable part of the coolant, if oils alone are used. For carbon steel tools, pure lard oil or a good grade of mineral lard oil and a paraffin oil in about equal parts is satis- factory; the paraffin oil is used to reduce the cost. A cheap drilling compound can _ be made by mixing 2 gal. of pure lard oil and 5 lbs. of washing soda with about 8 gal. of water. This can be mixed in a barrel or steel tank and should be boiled for about one hour by means of a steam hose submerged in the solution. Turpentine or kerosene is recommended for drilling hard steel; soda water or mineral lard oil is suitable in most cases for drilling soft steel, wrought iron, or malleable iron. Brass, bronze, aluminum, and other soft alloys seldom require any lubrication for drilling, but when one is to be used, paraffin oil will give satisfac- tion. There are many different formulas for mixing cooling oils and compounds for use with automatic screw machines and lathes. Kerosene, fuel oil, paraffin oil, ordinary machine oils, crude oils, red engine oil, sperm oil, and lard oil are some of the oils used. One or more of these often are mixed in varying proportions with soft soaps, washing soda, and water. GOOD coolant for milling and turning may be made by adding to 10 gal. of water 1 qt. of lard oil, 1 qt. of soft soap, and 1 Ib. of washing soda. The soap and (Continued on page 128A) IS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. March, 1 A Wonderful NEW Radio Invention ° LiKe most great inventions thi wonderful new radio devel. opment is as simple as A BC. Whaf you see it you will wonder why if was not thought of before. Stations you have never been abkf to get before are brought in with amazing ease. Never will it be necg. sary to hold your breath while fishing for distant stations. This new invention is dependabk, It has been tested and approved by Popular Science Institute of Standards, If you have an old set it will mak § it equal in simplified control, to the best of the new sets on the market, On most new sets it will improve turf ing control 100%. Whether a beginner or a ‘‘fan’’ you will find your reception tremendously improved by this new invention. There is no change necessary in yout present set. This new, inexpensive improvement can be easily and quickly me The results are positive, amaz- ing and satisfying. SEND NO MONEY Send no money. We want to tell you in detail about this wonderful new invention and what it will do on yout set. Just fill in and sign the coupon. It places you under absolutely 10 obligation. In sending you the 1- formation, we will include a Radio Log that gives important informe tion about the principle broadcasting stations in the United States, Canada and Cuba. . Rathbun Mfg. Co., Inc. Jamestown, N. Y. sa 1 that Please tell me about the wonderful new radio invention ” will so greatly improve radio control. Also send me yout Log . March ’ be

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this evel. Vhea y tt abl: with CEs: hing ble, by rds, lake the you isly our sive kly laze ell ew our on, in- lio ng da dio Old Bill Talks on Cutting Fluids (Continued from page 128) soda improve the mixture and prevent the rusting of the machines and work. Water alone will perform the function of cooling, but it has the objection of caus- ing rust on machine parts. The addition of soda overcomes this. For grinding operations plain soda water is used a great deal, but it does not produce as good a finish as some of the specially compounded solutions for this work. On punch-press work many kinds of lubricants are used. In some cases the metal to be worked is smeared with a pasty lubricant such as white lead and oil, tallow and graphite, or soft soap thinned with paraffin oil. For metal drawing special drawing oils are used. They often are mixed with white lead or graphite. The lubricant sometimes is applied directly to the metal, but whenever practicable it should be applied to the ram, as there is always more or less accumulation of lubricant on the outside of the dies. ORAX is claimed by some authorities to be superior to soda for mixing with compound cutting solutions. When using either of these the amount should be just sufficient to mix well with the water and oil. ‘Too much soda or borax will cause the several ingredients to separate and necessitate frequent agitation of the liquid. While borax water and soda water work well on grinding operations, for other kinds of metal working such as turn- ing, milling, and drilling, the tools do not stand up as well as when oils or oil com- pounds are used. ; A common fault of plain soda water or borax water is that it works under the slides and other working surfaces of the machines and cuts away the lubricating oils. This is another reason why oils generally are preferred. A watery solu- tion also has to be changed more fre- quently than oil. The question as to whether a cutting liquid is a lubricant or a coolant or both, the author leaves open for debate. On some work it appears to be only a lubri- cant, as with hand threading and metal drawing. On other work, like turning, milling, and drilling, its function takes more the form of cooling. As only a cut- ting edge‘is in contact with and actually buried in the metal, there would seem to be little chance for lubrication; the tool does not slide over the work with a film of oil between. We associate lubrication with two or more sliding surfaces between which there is a film of oil and theoretically the two surfaces do not actually touch each other, but are kept apart by oil. This condi- tion does not or cannot exist between a tool and the metal it is cutting and the term “cutting lubricant’ seems incon- gruous. But, after all, the value is not in the name; it is in the thing. So I shall leave the reader to judge for himself Whether a liquid cools or lubricates or does both. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 128A “An Iron Indian Could Make Money With Your Ideas” That is the opinion of D. H. Garrett (address on request) who followed my ideas and made $630 in one week. Says his success is due to my meth- ods and that the profits are far beyond those of any other small town business. HAT is the biggest money you ever made—$100 a week—$200 a week—$500 a week? _ D.H. Garrett was up against it financially. I helped him get started as a Real Estate Spe- cialist. Now he writes me that he made over $600 in a single week. Another man I helped—a man who had been working in a shop at hard labor—writes me that he is just putting through his first real estate deal and making $420 in one lump. Another user of my system from Massachusetts, dropped in my office the other day and said he put through a deal the previous week that netted him $1,500. Isn’t that the kind of a busi- ness you want to get into—a big-money business—where go- getters sometimes make as much in one deal as the average man earns in a whole year? Write at once for my free book ‘‘How to Become a Real Estate Specialist.’ It tells how I started in my spare time —with less than $5 capital— and earned more than $100,000 net profit in less than five years. It tells how other men and women—using my_ successful ideas—are making more money than they ever made before. It tells how you can begin now—right at home—learn my successful system—become a Real Estate Specialist-—build up an independent business of your own—make money my way. Line What Others Say *“Your Course fitted me for position as Sales Manager of largest contractors and builders’ real estate department in our city.’—Henry J. Dwillard, Michigan. “Your system is wonderful. Without giving up my job as stationary engineer I made $900 the first three months in my spare time.’”—F. E. Stokes, Pennsylvania. ‘““Have been helped a great deal by your system. I have now a new Car, two new typewriters, a stenographer and a dandy office and money in the bank, all through my own efforts and without any capital to start with.’—Mrs. P. Moore, Connecticut. “One lesson has been worth $3,500 to me.”’"—C. J. Lewis, Virginia. “I have made a little over $1,200 since beginning your Course.”’"—S. M. Ford, Florida. “Have soid one 85,000 lot and three houses-so far.”"-—Mrs. B. M. Morenouse, New York. Write for FREE BOOK at Once Tear off the bottom margin of this page. Write on it your name and address. Drop it in the mail. You will then receive— without cost or obligation—a copy of my new, illustrated book which tells how you can do what others are doing—start in your spare time to learn my successful system and build up a money-making business of your own as a Real Estate Specialist. Get this important information now—at once—before it is too late. Find out how you can have a splendid business of your own and make more: money than you ever thought possible. American Business Builders, Inc., Dept.34-C, 18 East 18th St., NewYork Be a Real Estate Specialist. Use my _ successful system. Start at home, in your spare time. Build a business of your own. No experience needed. No capital required. Write for full particulars and proof of amazing success. If you want to get ahead—if you want to climb higher—if you want to have a good busi- ness of your own—if you want to make enough money to have a real ‘“‘look in” on luxury— send for my free book. It will open your eyes to one of the big- gest and best business opportu- nities that ever came your way. Here are a few reasons why I think the business of a Real Estate Specialist has it ‘‘all over" any other business or profession: (1) Real Estate is the biggest thing there is. More money is invested in it than in anything else. It is the basis of all wealth. We all live or the land; and we are clothed, fed and warmed by the products of the land. (2) More money is made in it than in any other business I[ know of. Successful real estate men sometimes make $2,000— $5,000 — $10,000 — on _ single deals — more than most men make in a whole year. (3) It is easy to learn. It does not take years of study like medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, architecture, engineering, etc. (4) You can start in your spare time, with little or no capital. (5) Real Estate is a perma- nent, growing business almost unlimited in its scope. It is estimated that there are at least ten million properties on the market all the time. (6) It is a pleasant business, requiring no hard, dirty, la- borious work, and it brings you in touch with the best people. (7) With the use of my proved-out system you can get started easily and quickly; and the co-operation of my com- pany will help you every step of the way. American Business Builders, Inc., Dept. 34-C, 18 East 18th St., New York Send along your free book “How to Become a Real Estate Specialist.” e a | a=}! a uy , { & This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. YOU CAN BUILD THIS IDEAL WORKBENCH— YOURSELF Tre pleasure of working with tools at home is greatly-increased if you have a strong substan- tial bench with a good vise. One that also has drawers and tool cabinets is a constant incentive to keep tools in order and give them the care and attention they deserve. A blueprint of the Home Workbench illus- trated, with full size details and bill of materials, may be obtained by sending 25 cents to — "POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 250 FOURTH AVENUE NEW YORK

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Invention for seekers of _ Beauty Elco Health Generators at last are ready for you! ) If you want more health —greater power to enjoy the pleasures and de- { lights about you, or if more heauty is your de- sire— write! Ask for the 1k on these inventions which has just been pre- pared. It will be sent to you without cost. It tells you how Elco Health Generators aid you in leaving the lethargy and hopelessness of bad health and weakness be- hind forever, Re-vitalize yourself, pring el ergy. Be who ve Write today! 10 Days FREE Trial. Write for FREE Book. SSS eae enerator's pai, See, generate Violet Ray, Vibra- 4 generat lole’ y, ra- tion, Electricity and Ozone Free Trial combined or separate They operate on the electric light in their own motive power at less than 50 cents per year. Elco Health Generators are positively the only in- struments which can give you in one outfit Elec- tricity, Violet Ray—Vibration and Ozone—the four atest curative nts. Send the below. Get the Free Book NOW ! en home or on m\For All These: J) Rheumatism Paralysis Sore Throat Pimples Falling Hair y Mail Coupon for Free Book Do not put this paper down with- out sending the coupon. Don’t on os you are with pains and witb almost no life and energy. You owe it to your- were pat bere $e auiey fe net foot were ere e—no' 5 aso h it. de do not Fest another day antl you ve our name on the coupon here. a ring po of these great new inventions. Do it today—now. =«oe=Lindstrom & Companys «= Le | a i 30 West Lake St., Dept. 13-63 Chicago 4 & Please send me your free book, “Health—Power— 4 § Beauty’’ and full information of your 10-day Free ze g Trial Offer. PB ee E SN Sto We Snaisvarccculuacertcevextwus ie Poker’ a 4 NN SECS BoB cob Sieve te sectex een do oe : s f a CORREO EE HEHEHE EEO EHH EEE OSES EEEEEEES . : POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Mle How to Make a Lapping Plate with a Surface of Lead —— G plates with a leaden surface are preferred for certain kinds of tool work. A plate of this type may be made easily and will not cost much. If the plate is to be cast specially for the purpose, the pattern should provide for four or more dovetail grooves across the upper sur- face, and the un- der surface be cored to reduce CAST IRON-- weight. If an old One corner of the com- plate of any kind pleted lapping plate is available, dovetail grooves may be planed in it. Make a box about 1 in. higher than the casting to go around its sides. Level the plate and pour the lead. When the surface is cool, plane it carefully in the shaper or planer. The surface then can be charged with diamond dust or flour emery. A serrated surface between the lands can be provided, if preferred. Time Saving Toolmaker’s Strap TRAPS or clamps made as shown will find many uses for clamping small tool work to face- plates and ma- chine tables. An elongated slot is provided in each strap for the clamping bolt, and a setscrew at the back eliminates the use of blocking. A regular T-head bolt may be used or one having a T-slot nut. Straps of this de- sign may be dimensioned to suit the re- quirements of the work to be done. Ice Used in New Method of Bending Metal Tubes N THE shop as well as in chemical and physical laboratories it is sometimes necessary to bend small-caliber metal tubes without causing them to flatten at the bends. The common practice is to fill the tube before bending with molten resin, sulphur, paraffin or some metal alloy of low melting point. Such fillers prevent the flattening of the tube in bending, to a great extent, but often it is difficult to remove them afterward. The U. S. Bureau of Standards recently developed a method which, while equally efficient in preventing the flattening of the tubes, has the additional advantage that the removal of the filler after bend- ing offers no difficulty. The tube to be bent is filled with water and then im- mersed in a refrigerating solution. The water in the tube freezes and the ice filler prevents the flattening of the tube in bending. After the operation is com- pleted the ice is melted and the water is blown out.—ErNnest WELLECK. March, 1926 ERE is power so full ond sturdy that it will drive a heavy row boat at launch speed! Here is a motor so light, simple and “friendly” that a child can operate it, Here are instant starting and new con- trol — you steer, stop or speed up from any seat in the boat. Here is the Super Outboard — The Super Elto, 12 Extraordinary Refinements including an added H. P. (4 full h.p., S. A. E, rating) —instant push-button reverse—silent un- derwater exhaust — finger-tip, quarter-turn starting—Propello pump—Safe rudder steering— and all at no increase in price! Write for intensely interesting catalog! ELTO OUTBOARD MOTOR CO. Ole Evinrude, Pres. ; Dept. W Manfrs. Home Bldg. Milwaukee, Wis. Squab Book FREE Printed in COLORS. Enlarged. Much News. Squabs are raised in one month, they sell for high prices. Greatest market for 20 years. Make money breeding them. We ship everywhere on three months’ trial our famous breeding stock. All pigeon supplies. Established 25 years. For prices and fall particulars see our beautiful free book, **How to Make Mo wi Sg with pigeons in colors. rite for it today. PLYMOUTH ROCK SQUAB CO. . 616 H St., Melrose Highlands, Mass. B ONE DAY caxncins Over 12,000 shops making $150 © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. en to $300 monthly with One Day Charging. $35 cash completely equips your shop for HB One Day Charging. Small monthly payments on balance. 30 days’ free trial in your shop on monej- back guarantee. Bulletin 126 free. Hobart Bros. Co. Troy, Ohio Box P3 ONLY $1659 MONTHLY ~ @ $1.50 FOR YOUR OLD RADIO TUBES regardless make or condition, toward purchase of each new standard $2.50 tube. Positively guaran- teed. We do not sell re-built or bootleg tubes. Agents wanted. SUPER-SERVICE LABORA- TORIES, Dept. 20, Room 58, 39 West Adams, Chicago, Ill. f= 4 4 @ } "THOUSANDS of boys are made Y happy with this wonderful Zip- Zip shooter, something every boy wants and never gets tired of. Zip- Zip shooter is scientifically and prac- tically made; boys, od pg ae eager . a Zip- with ee feerek force and “arn that quick and sure aim. your dealer happens not tohave them, order » he ; from us. Zip eae Ook Aes - complete 35c or 3 3) 2 ‘or $1.00; send stamps, coin or money order. AUTOMATIC RUBBER CO., Dept. 22, COLUMBIA, S. C- Inlays and Fancy Woods We specialize in Fancy Cabinet Woods, Veneer Panels, Inlaid Borders and Ply- woods of all kinds. Shipped anywhere. Write for Catalogue and Prices. Fessenden Hall 218 S. 2nd St. Philadelphia, Pa. $100 in Prizes See Cash Prize Offer on Page 4 in front advertising section March ’ wh ma pre lor is lat

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March, 1926

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

CAST 1RON

A large magnifier mounted for shop use prisingly many uses

BASE (DRILLED) | Sata Shop Methods | Adjustable Stand for Holding Shop Magnifying Glass THE tool room a large magnifying glass has many uses and even for lay- ing out ordinary work at the bench it is to be preferred to a smaller magni- fier. The only drawback is the possibility that the expensive glass may be brok- en through care- less handling. This difficulty can be met, however, by providing a stand for the glass as il- lustrated. Astand of this type has stood for several years on one toolmaker’s bench, and sur- are found for the glass in the course of a day’s work.—H. L.

HEN a shop cutting racks, it is lathe as illustrated The rack is screwed How to Set Up a Lathe for Cutting Racks Accurately is not equipped with a milling machine suitable for possible to set up a for doing the work. to a piece of flat steel, GEAR CUTTER

— 4 CROSS SLIDE proper depth. lathe and a pin set riage. The cross

Work is mounted on cross slide and cutter is held on a long arbor between centers which is packed up to the height that will make it possible to cut the teeth the The cutter is held on a long arbor. Spacing is done by means of a gage the length of the pitch. The gage is used between a clamp on the bed of the in the end of the car- feed is operated as ona milling machine.—CuHArLEs KUGLER.

S or more pieces guide illustrated. in, a dozen nails and a sharp pock- et-knife. Nail the pieces together and in- sert the knife into a slot in the upper one. Lay off and slit the belt by hand for about 6 in. from one end and place it in the guide.

tire belt.

down in the guide. A Novel Slitter for Belts LITTING a piece of belting into two can be done quickly and accurately with the aid of the simple All that is needed are three pieces of wood 34 by 2 by 10 or 12 STATIONARY

GUIDES Cutting the leather Pass the knife blade through the slit and tap it lightly into the bench about 14 in. Then pull through the en- If necessary, nail a piece of wood across the back end to hold the belt Epwin G. BAKER.

Men ‘in every Wi now wear Strap Watche

128C Adjusted tothe Second; Adjusted to Temperature; Adjusted to Isochronism; Adjusted to Positions 21 Ruby and Sapphire Jewels; 25 Year Gold Strata Case; Your choice of Dials; (Including Montgomery R.R. Dial); New Ideasin Thin Cases roval he Di Jomwel Santa Fe Special We will send this famous watch, express prepaid, for you to examine, to inspect, to admire, to approve without one penny advance payment. Examine the watch and be convinced it’s the best watch buy you eversaw. Just a small payment down, the balance in easy MONTHLY payments. You use the watch while paying for it. Save ; to 5 of Your Money By purchasing this Famous Santa Fe Special Watch. Not only are you saving money from the present day prices of watches, but you can still secure the “Santa Fe Special’? Watch, at the same low prices and terms that have made our watches famous. Ladies’ Wrist Watches Artistic, dependable ladies’ wrist watches —perfect timepieces, beautiful hand en- graved cases in white or green gold. Send for New Watch Book and see the new shapes and designs. Sent on approval and sold on payments. Write for “Santa Fe” Watch Book Clip the coupon, fill out and receive the FREE WATCH BOOK just off the press. All the newest watch case designs in white or green gold, fancy shapes and thin models are shown. Read our easy payment offer. Wear the watch 30 days FREE. Watch sent for your examinationand approval without a penny down. Nothing to risk. See the watch before you buy. Write for New Book Today and Select Your Watch. Mail Coupon SANTA FE WATCH COMPANY 380 Thomas Building, Topeka, Kansas (Home of the Great Santa Fe Railway) JUST OUT! Send for our New Watch Book—Just off the press. It will post you about OKC watch styles and values. Send for thew is Santa Fe Watch Co. ‘ 380 Thomas Bldg. Topeka, Kansas. Please send prepaid and without obligation your New Watch Book Free, explaining your ‘* No Money Down” Offer on the Santa Fe Special Watch.

FREE RADIO CATALOG & GUIDE of newest ideas, over 100 specia] hook-ups with illustrations. Shows savings up to 50% on standard radio parts, sets, kits. Be sure to get this thrifty book before you buy. Wonder- ful? Unusual? You'llsay so. Write letter or postal NOW. BARAWIK CO..102-122 S- Canal St., CHICAGO, U.S. A- BURN YOUR NAME ON TOOLS WITH THE 4 ARKOGRAF Protect Your Tools FromTheft. write with elec- tricity any name or design on the hard- est and linest tools and instruments,or any metal, like writing on paper. with en or pencil, Complete Outfit $3.50 Prepaid Anywhere. Interest- ing Hi peere te since ae free. Write to- day. Agents wanted. “4 eARKOGRAF PEN CO. 1171-A East Stark

BUY DIR ECT

Any handy man can install his own plumbing and heating by our: new, easy |} method. Free installing plans show you how. You _ save waste and high labor cost with our cut-to-fit system. Fifty years of economy service to home owners, farmers, builders and mechanics. Million dollar plants behind our guarantee. FREE BOOK shows everything in plumbing and heating |< fixtures and supplies. Write today for copy. HARDIN-LAVIN COMPANY 106-16 West Pershing Road, Chicago, Il.

IS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY This New Illustrated, 1926,LimpRegalLeather TLAS—Sent Free The Great War changed the entire world—new governments, new boun- daries and new civilizations were created ... Everything learned in school must be ‘‘unlearned.’’ This handsomely bound, concise book of trust- worthy facts gives the correct data on the world as it is today. 464 Pages— ~~ You cannot read a newspaper intelligently, you cannot discuss a world question, a filustrated in Color ~ i. student is lost without this book for it 10x15 inches contains the latest, authentic maps when open = and history of every stateintheU.S., every country — new and old—and of all principal cities on the globe, 107 new, authentic maps 7 —maps of every state and every country. Concise history of the war. New countries created. New boundaries formed. A vivid account of mankind’s fight for civilization—story and pictures of prehistoric monsters. The history, climate, races, char- acteristics and customs of peo- ple everywhere. Government, education, religion and industries of every state and of every country. It took a whole year and a host of editors, map engineers, writers and political econ- omists to create this book — the best, most informative Atlas ever published. This Atlas fills a need— which no other book has ever done. It gives authentic facts and maps of the world as the world is today. All Atlases published before this date are useless. They cannot be correct—they could not have followed the swift changes in world boundaries and world history. If your name is in the telephone book in your city—this book will be sent you free. You can examine it for 5 days. If you feel that this new Atlas would be a bargain at three times the price asked, you can send $2.98. This is the special introductory offer. This is the full pay- ment. Send today—get this beautiful, limp, regal mission leather, handsomely illustrated 464-page Atlas of the world, as it is today. Send No Money DAVID B.CLARKSON CO.,Publishers, § 220 Clarkson Bidg., Chicago, Ill. You may send me, all charges paid, your new Pictorial Atlas of the World, for five days’ examination. I under- stand it is bound in flexible, regal, mission leather, illus- trated in color and contains up-to-the-minute maps of each =a? state and country; a complete census of the United States and historical facts and history of each country in the world and each state in the U.S. If I am satisfied with the book, I will, at the end of five days, send you $2.98—if not I will send it back to you and will be under no obligations whatever. My telephone number is CITY. STATE oe Se EE A a A $100 in Cash Prizes 22° WORK FOR 2 “UINCLE By AM” RE sl = in — Railway Postal Clerks BPA ences SE $1900 to $2700 Year ,! FRANKLININSTITUTE, Dept M-20, ROCHESTER, N.Y. ry Sir: I want to travel on government pay. Please rush MEN—BOYS 1 8 or Over ¢ information telling how I can get a U. S. Government Job. Steady work. No layoffs. Paid vacations. zl mmon education sufficient. 8 Oem atom ketene Travel—See Your Country / Mail Coupon today—SURE ee ee ee eT eT ee eT ee eT ter Shop High Speed Steel Inserts for Lathe Tail Centers N TURNING pieces of small diameter, especially if they are of alloyed steels, trouble ofttimes is experienced, where high speed is required to obtain a good finish, from the burning or galling of tail centers. An inexpensive method is illus. trated that will overcome this trouble in most cases. A small high. speed steel cen- ter is inserted é into a corre- TAIL CENTER sponding taper This center is not apt ™ the tail center, toburnorbecomegalled With a cross or ; drift hole to facilitate easy and quick replacement. The high speed inserts should be hard- ened carefully, then drawn back at about 1050°F. They should be ground carefully to fit the tail center so that they will be interchangeable. It will be found also that the high speed steel will stand more abuse from lack of lubrication and too much tension on the centers without picking up.—B. R. S. HIGH SPEED STEEL INSERT Finishing Surfaces of Thin Machine Parts HIN work often cannot be clamped hard enough in a vise to hold it for finishing its surfaces without bending or springing it. In such cases good results may be obtained by clamping a wooden block in the vise and mounting the work upon it with several wire brads, as shown. The heads of the nails are filed off flush with the surface of the work to allow the part to be removed and replaced _ easily. The hole in the block is for the reception of a rod to eject the work if it can not be removed readily with the The work is held on a fingers. wooden block by brads While this method is adapted particularly for filing and polishing surfaces, it may be employed for light machining, such as drilling or milling small slots. In the latter case, however, clamps of some sort are required. For this purpose several screws with large heads overlapping the work will serve. A portion of the screw heads may be filed off for convenience in placing and removing the work.—S. W. Brown. Tue practice of resharpening files is sel- dom, if ever, economical. Some of the larger may be recut by factories making a specialty of such work, but resharpened or recut files do not give as satisfactory service as new files. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. eee aT Hite =I re Se EY

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 128E Make Your Watches, Clocks, Etc., Visibl e by Night The very latest discovery in the scientific world. Hitherto, prac- tically unobtainable except at an exorbitant price, we have at last suceeeded in roducing this remarkable LUMINOUS PAINT, which, applied to surface of any article, emits cave of white light, rendering it perfectly visib! pe dark. THE DARKER THE NIGHT, THE MORE BRILLIANT IT SHINES. Quite be le to use. Anyone—you can do it. A little applied to the dial of your — or clock will enable you to tell the time by night. You can coat the push Buttons or switch plates of your electric lights, match boxes, and innumerable r articles; make your own I Crucifi L Rosaries, ete. Bottle containing su cient to coat several small articles, Price 25¢. Larges sises 50c and $1 postpaid. Johnson Smith & Co.. Dont. 502sXacine, Wis. Microphone Transmitter Button You can easily make a highly sensitive detectophone by using this Transmitter Button to collect the sound waves. ou can build your own outfit without buying expensive equipment. It is simple and inexpensive. You can install an outfit in yeur home and hear conversations being held all over the house. You can connect up different rooms of a hotel. This outfit was used by secret service operatives dure ing the war. It is being used on the staze. It is ultra-sensi- ive and is the greatest invention in micro-phones. You can 4¥mount the button almost anywhere—card board boxes, stove pipes, stiff calendars, on the wall behind a picture frame, ete. utton is so lizht and small it cannot be detected. Persons can be overheard without suspecting it. You can listen in on conversations in another room, A deaf person in the audience can hear the speaker. Connected to pDOORERD Ts piano or other musical instrument, music can be heard hundreds of feet away. Button may be used to renew telephone trans mitters; often makes an old line “talk-up” when nothing a es will, a on Behe hone cor taal use; caries peas urrent and is extremely sensitive. mplifies radio signals, ountless other similar an att suggest Atenasives. Experimenters find the Button useful fog bundreds of experiments along the lines of va ee amplifiers, loud speakers, etc. any fascie nating stunts may be devised, such as holding the button against the throat or chest uce speech without sound waves. $5.00 is given to anyone who sends in @ new suggestion for the use of the Button providing the manufacturers find it suitable for use in their literature. PRICE $1.00 POSTPAID ANYWHERE. 5 JOHNSON SMITH & ry 502 Racine, U.S. BAB 5 AN tt goes with real Yankeo 25 gga Pep—by its own power ost remarkable Toy ever ine vented. i will crawl alorg, overcoming all obstacles, in the same life- like manner a: unde’ toys, yet this tank will keep plodding along ten times longer than the ordinary run toys. It will perform dozens of the most wonderful stunts; it will go backward or forward at will. 2}4 inches long. Pric€ only 25 cents prepaid. ANARCHIST BOMBS | INVISIBLE INK The most confidential & oo with ah limburger cheese. The smell en- e Wri this Ink, for the writing MAKES NO tirely disappears in a short time. 10c a Box, 3 Boxes for 25c MARK, Cannot be seen unless you know the se- cret. Invaluable for many GREAT CURIOSITY Smallest Bible in the world. Size of a Said to A gen- ust be seen to be appreciated. Make g money selling people will cause more con- sternation thana for paving ‘un for playi kes. Only 150 Bottle them to friends, church acquaintances, RICE 1Se each, 3 for 40c la ae SS etc.’ i2 ai for $1.35, 100 for $7.50. Aliso obtainable in Leather Binding, with gold edges. Price SOc each, 3 for $1.25, $4.50 per doz. Magnifying Glass for use with Midget Bible, 1Sce. Every Boy His Own Toy Maker| Surprise Matches Greatest boys’ book written. Tells how to| More tun than-~“¥ make a Pinhole Cam-| fighting with your wife. era, & Canoe, model Lack test ike arena, a BS eens ordinary oomerang, ‘Telegraph mnths. Bue 10c up in boxes just Serer peters Talking achine,| } . Microscope, Electric Motor, Electric | like regular Safety i Door Bell, Water Wheel, Paddle| Matches. As the victim tries to light one he gets quite a surprise. or mS pair x a, a Dog Bled, ous fi ; use, Rabbit Yard, etc. 6 Price 10c per box, 3 boxes for 25c postpaid, 12 for 75 cents. 150 illustrations. PRIC Postpaid; 3 for 25c, MAGICIAN’S OUTFIT Apparatus and Directions for a Number ysterious Tricks Enough for an Entire Evening’s Entertainment QF ANYONE CAN DO THEM y | Ttis great fun mystify ing your friends. Get this Conjurer’s Cabinet, ae | you will be the Oeverest fellow in your district. It contains the apparatus for eeven firstrate tricks, in= cluding ‘he Disappearing Rose, that, when on the lapel of your coat, vanishes from aight at will; the Magic Vase and Ball Trick (a Wooden Ball is placed inside, and upon re- placing the lid has disappeared and is found in someone else’s pocket); ‘the Magic Nail With which you can_apparently cut your finger most in two; the Wonderful Card ‘irick (a card is placed in an envelope, and when open an entirely different card altogether is found); The Disappearing Coin Box a coin is placed in the little wooden barrel, and, when opened again, is found to have Vanished entirely, or canbe made to change into a coin of another denomination); The Famous Dissolving, Penny ‘Irick; ‘Ihe Glass Goblet and Vanishing Coin Trick (a coin is dropped into a glass of water, and when the water is poured out the coin has vanished), With the tricks described above we send full Renee instructions for performing each trick, so that anyone can readily perform all the tricks to the great amusement of their friends or the public. Any boy of ordinary intelligence, with this Cabinet of ‘Tri n his powecmnon can give a parlor entertainment not inferior to tome regular ans. Besides the tricks contained in tlhe Cabinet, there are many other feats and illusions fully explained with full printed instructions, for which you easily make or procure the necessary apparatus. This unexcelled Cabinet of Tricka | postpaid: 40 Bills 20c, 125 for 50c, i , a m.. better and quicker besides saving more Withabunch of these bills; itis easy for STAGE MONEY , 4 @ ro ! a» i] : : ‘ . ae —_ ep time and peeling off a genuine bill or two from the outside of the roll, the effect created will be found to be all that can be desired. Prices, or $3.50 thousand postpaid. Wonderful X-Ray Tube A wonderfullittle instrument proe ducing optical illusions both 10¢ surprising and Se ae startling. With i¢ see Ww apparen' the nes Oo} Jour Angers, the lead ine lead pencil, the ine terior opening in *p similar illusions. mystery been able to satisfactorily explain. Price 10c, 3 for25e, 1 dozen 75. Johnson Smith & Co. Z Good | Luck VERY etriking and uncommon ring. Silver Ave skull andl crossbone design, with two orilliant, flashing gems eparniieg out of the Said by many to bring G: Luck to the wearer, hence its name, o Luck Ri Very unique ring that you will take a pride wearing. ONLY 25 CENTS. Exploding Cigarettes qe ° ae cas! JUST LIKE ORDINARY CIGARETTES, BUT SUCH REAL STARTLERS! The bor contains ten genuine. cigarettes of excellent quality. They appear go real, but when each cigarette isabout one-third smoked, the victim gets a very great surprise as it goes off with a ioud BANG great mirth provoker yet en harmless.’ Price 25c per box. Popular Watch Charms hom. ONLY ‘$ for 40c; $1.35 doz, Very, pretty little curiosities and decidedly novel. Fitted with Magnifying Lenses that enlarge the pictures to a very surprising degree; in fact, it seems almost incredible that a clear Picture could be possible in such a small com. pass, and bow sharp and diatinct they show up when you look through, me in assor Fc af nts Mn of P. Canal, CIGARETTE MAKER e s GGARE TAKER your own and eave money. Makes than half. Use your favorite brand of tobacco. Nent, useful and handy. Pocket size, weighs 14 oz. Made entirely of metal, nickel-pla: Price 25c postpaid. : MAGIC FLUTE Wonderflly Sweet Toned and Musical Magio Flute, or Humans , 39 @ Unique and novel oneal instrument that is played with nose and mou combined, There is just a little knack in playing it which, when once ace Bm quired after a little prac- ice will enable you i i nce you have mastered it bya ys 2) . Fat} with facility and ease. When played as an accompanimen to & piano or any other musical instrument the effect ig as charming as it ie surprising. (ae ° Kissing Permit Ahandsome metal badge, oickel plated, that you can wear, giving you fun out of all propor- tion to its trifling cost. PRICE 10c each, 3 for 25c, or 12 alon ‘« one. for ONLY 75 CENTS POSTPAID TO ANY ADDRESS. DeLuxe Kdition of our new 1925 CATALOG led on receipt of 25c. Handsome cloth Only book of itskind, 420 pages of H tricks in magic, the newest novel- ties, Puzzles, games, sporting goods, interest- books, curiosities in seeds and plants, etc., "iprocurable clsewhere. for75cpost- BLANK CARTRIDGE PISTOL e is enough to scare ab loaded, it will probably prove just as effective as a revolver with real bul- lets, without th id Metal. Blank Cartridges 22-ca!.. shinned by ex- press only, 50c per 100. Johnson Smith & con Dept.5 02, Racine, Wis, Sneezi to sneeze without be at my | the reason why. Itis most amusing to he: marks, as they source, but think they have caught it one from the other. and sneezing the time of your life. For parti cal meetin: car all where thare is a gathering of people. it is the great: lor 2Sc BOYS! THROW YOUR VOICE Never Fails. A 32-page book on ventriloquism, and the Ventrilo, ALL FOR 10c postpaid. 10c box, 3 boxes for 25¢ or 7Se per doz boxes postpaid. Great Fire Eater Most Sensational Trick ofthe Day! and consternation of all beholders. Harmless fun for all times, seasons and places. i duce a decided sensation in your neighborhood don’t fail to procure Wesend the Fire Eater with all the materials, in a handsome box, the cover of which is highly ornamented with illustrations in various colors. plete only 30 cents, postpaid. ¢|7—for examining eye, ear, nose and throat. It is worth all the cost to locate even one painful cinder in the eye. Folds flat and fits the pocket. Something great—you_n one. Don’t miss it. Sent by mail, postpaid. Price, only 35e¢ or 3 for $1-00 postpaid. a waid. . ADDRESS ORDERS FOR ALL GOODS ON THIS PAGE TO JOHNSON SMITH & CO. Di?t. 502, RACINE, WIS. lar, whilst, when r to life. It lard .22 Calibre Bi are ob’ & A jointed figure’ = 2 Place a very of a skeleton 14 ye in. in height, will ye nce to music and perform vari- ous gyrations and’ movements while n Mystic Skeleton emallamount carwill begin ar their re- : Box contains 12 eggs. Wh never, suspect the real | ii? vith a match, each Between the laughing hatch you yourself will be aon 2 jes, poll les, or any place at ioke out. PricetOcor 3 | Tis and twists about in a most life- like manner. Price per bex 10c ppd. BOYS! BOYS! Into a trunk, under the bed or anywhere. Lots of fun fooling the teacher, policeman or friends. THE VENTRILO a little instrument, fits in the mouth out of sight, used with above for Bird Calls, etc. Any- one can use it. x ITCHING POWDER This is another good practical joke; the intense discomfiture of your victims to everyone but themselves is thoroughly enjoyable. All that is necessary to start the ball rolling is to de- posit a little of the powder on a person's hand and the powder can be relied upon to do the rest. The result is a vigorous scratch, then some more scratch, and still some more. SQUIRT ROSE With the Fire Eater], in his possession any] %: person can become aj ‘ perfect salamander, apparently breathing fire and ejecting thousands of brilliant sparks from his mouth, to the horror A REAL STARTLER. This “is the most popular of all squirt tricks. The flower in your coat looks so fresh and sweet that everyone is tempted to inhale the delightful perfume. Then is the mo- ment to press the bulb. Geewhillikens! Don't they jump? There is a very long rubber tube that easily reaches to the pore of your coat or trousers, and tha ulb is large enough to make a dozen shots with one loading. PRICE 25c each, or 3 for 6Se¢ postpaid, Wonderful tment. If you wish to pro- Price of all com- Instru- Greatest thing yet. Nine sep- arate articles in one. Everybody delighted with it. Odd, curious and interesting. Lots of pleasure as well as ’ very useful. It is a double Microscope for examining the wonders of nature. It is also an Opera Glass, a Stereoscope, a Burning Lens, a Reading Glass, a Tele- scope, a Compass, a Pocket Mirror, and a Laryngascope APANESE ROSE BUSHE The Wonder of the World Japanese Rose Bushes bloom all the year found. Just think of it. Six weeks after planting the seed, the plants will be in full bloom, It may not seem possible, but we posi- tively guarantee it to be so. They will bloom every ten weeks, Summer or Winter, and when three years old the bush will be a mass of roses, bearing from five hundred to a thousand roses on each bush. The flowers are in three shades —white, pink, andcrimson. The plants will do well bothin and out doors. We guarantee at least three bushes to grow from each packet of seed. Price, 10c packet, 3 pkts. for 25e postpaid. Postage Stamps Accepted

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY yu ae e — - >> as Taught in COYNE Shops _ ll Puts You In the Big-Pay Class Quickly! HUNDREDS OF COYNE-TRAINED MEN EARN $60 to $200 Student Winding Stator at COYNE ieee COMPLETE ELECTRICAL RAILROAD TRAINING FARE TO | !n 12 Happy Weeks at COYNE CHICAGO My newly’ enlarged tial wit he Electrical Course is the ak aun Genk result of 27 years ofexpe- if y t AT rience, solving the needs ONCE G. t full of young men and of the ticuls “is ae Electrical Field. COYNE ms ) this «: : has been teaching Elec- sore ff 18, odd tricity in a PRACTI- ing offer is with- | CAT, way since 1899. St y P aeteetie Tee 5 eenwn. My course is thorough, Substation at COYNE easy to master, and fits men for BIG Electrical jobs, the HIGH-SAL- prtsidente Coyne St 35 5 ne. ARIED thrilling jobs. Electrical’ School ning” on We Teach Electricity and T “ ae Ne tel or Nothing Else Coyne COYNE teaches only ONE thing— Seudents ELECTRICITY. We are SPECIAL- operating ISTS. Our interests are not divided, large switch- nor is Electricity a sideline or board atCoyne merely an ‘additional’ sub- ject, with us. You Don’t Need Advanced Education or Experience to Learn at COYNE Don’t worry if you lack advanced education, knowledge of higher mathematics, or ex- erience. My course s a practical, LEARN- BY-DOING __ Course. é Every COYNE student Earn While receives N /ID- UAL and PERSONAL You Learn instruction, on Come at COYNE. u.ET Eelectrical appa- my ‘ ratus, under EXPERT My Employment You Can Start Any Day of the Year at COYNE— No Classes or Seasons. Get the Coupon Mailed Right Away so that You May Read Full a é : Particulars of My Course INSTRUCTORS, in Department will : “1 the COYNE Shops at help you. My Big FREE Book will Chicago. Amaze You! Send for Big FREE Book! t t d f big, attractive Elec- Be sure to write at once so that you will get trical Book. It fs 12x16 in size and eontaine 191 phowos RAILROAD FARE TO CHICAGO ngs -- Lng Sy Fy a aoe ae included without a penay extra cost Absolutely FREE, Remember. SEND COUPON ROW Tune in on COYNE Radio Station WGES gelato alae COYNE COYNE ELECTRICAL SCHOOL 1300-10 W. Harrison St. , Dept. 1363, Chicago, Illinois Dear H. C.—You can just bet I want ELECTRICAL SCHOOL one of those big, handsome FREE 12x15 books, with 151 actual photographs print- edintwocolors. Send it quick. Be sure to tell me all about R. R. Fare Offer and H. C. LEWIS, President Established 1899 Spectal Courses without extra cost. 1300-10 W. Harrison St. Dept. 1363 Chicago ND ison 5pnh Ldekns pO nae se sean s There is no Substitute for Personal Training, in Great Shops, on COMPLETE Apparatus Readers of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY will find scores of oppor- tunities in this section (pages 128F to 158) for making more money. Letters that Won Prizes | in the January Contest | The practical value of correspondence | schools is effectively pictured in the fol- | lowing letter regarding the American | School of Aviation. This letter wins the| First Prize of $50 for John F. Hardecker of Brooklawn, N. J. Contest Editor: As Assistant Chief Draftsman of the Naval Aircraft Factory I frequently | have inquiries from men who want to | get into Aviation. You can readily ap. | preciate that the man utterly unfamil- jar with Aviation, no matter how! skilled otherwise, is of little monetary | value to the industry or himself in it. To refer him to the average textbook, written purely from a highly technical viewpoint, is most unsatisfactory. The ad of the “American School of Aviation” therefore especially appealed to me. Here was an opportunity for the prospective aviation man to gain the required knowledge while continu- ing at his present job. So I referred several recent applicants to them, hav- ing also recently had the good fortune to interview one of their students who showed me convincingly that he is getting just what he actually needs to enter this field, fully equipped for a responsible and well paying position. Yours truly, Joun F, HarpEckeEr. The Second Prize of $25 is awarded to William Gray of Youngstown, Ohio, for his letter telling how the International Correspondence Schools have helped him. Dear Editor: To me, the most interesting adver- tisement in the Money Making Oppor- tunity Department of PopuLAR SCIENCE Monrtuty is that of the International Correspondence Schools. Twelve years ago, after finishing my apprenticeship in Scotland as a stone- cutter, I came to this country. For two years I worked at my trade throughout the United States. Then I subscribed to the I. C. S. for its courses in English, Stenography and Typing. For three months I studied, day and night, com- pleting the courses with a percentage of 95. On the strength of this I got a start as a newspaper reporter on the Cin- cinnati Commercial Tribune. Five years later I became its city editor. Today I am news editor of the Youngs- town Telegram, in full charge of all the news printed in the five editions pub- lished daily. ; Thanks to the I. C. S. I am earning twice as much as I could cutting stone. Respectfully yours, WituiaM Gray. (Continued on page 128G) —— an TH ab ee Cut Oe

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ol. | ‘an the Ker | ip- il. ry yr al 1. Sd —r © ~~ ~~” | Letters that Won Prizes in the January Contest (Continued from page 128F) For her letter about the Crown Fuel Saver Company and how they opened the door of opportunity for her father, Miss Grace M. Baker of Washington, D. C., wins the Third Prize. Contest Editor: My 1925 subscription to “PopuLar SciencE” was a Christmas Gift from my father, which in reality was a won- derful gift to himself. One of the most promising Oppor- tunities Ads that my father answered was that of the Crown Fuel Saver Co., of Richmond, Indiana. Being granted this territory for the sale of Crown Fuel Savers, he at once developed a remark- able business. Father accepted your guarantee of Advertisers in “PopuLaAR SCIENCE Montuty” at 100%. He found this Company composed of Real Red- Blooded Christian Men, who help a man to succeed if he has the willing- ness, pluck and perseverance. Also, having bought various articles under your (I. S.) Guarantee, I find “PopuLAR SCIENCE MontuHLY”’ indis- pensable from every standpoint. To Crown it all, ‘Money Making Oppor- tunities” is a ‘Wireless Message” where all who read can tune in and win. Sincerely yours, Grace M. Baker. The money to be made as a finger print expert is illustrated in the following letter from G. Rose of the Police Department of Huntington, West Virginia, who tells how he found his road to success through the advertising of the University of Ap- plied Science. Contest Editor: You look at z#, I looked at 7, tell everybody to look at i, i is on page No. 165. It put My Wife, My Self and Seven Kiddies in a Home Of Our Own, 7 put Me in this Office, a good steady posi- tion at a very satisfactory salary; write Mr. Lawrence Sands of the First National Bank, Pittsburgh, Pa. It put the parties in the Penitentiary that attempted to rob his Bank, and in return put Me the proud possessor of that Ten Thousand Dollar Reward offered by his Bank, and it put Me ina position to do this without leaving this office. Jt, Dear Editor, is the interesting Ad of the University of Applied Science, 1920 Sunnyside Avenue, Chicago, Ill. Finger Prints; they are everywhere, more of them than anything else. Sincerely, G. Rose. Charles L. Nelson of Academy, South Dakota, devotes most of his letter to the advantages to be found in the Money Making Opportunities Section. But in one paragraph he concentrates on the won- derful success brought to him from a law course he took from the La Salle Exten- sion University. Contest Editor: The most valuable advertisement in your January issue is your own, pages 120, 150. (Continued on page 128H) Remarkable new book on ail Your Copy of This Book-FREE Salesmanship just off the Press will be mailed to you without cost or obligation Yee contents of this amazing new book— just published by the National Sales- men’s Training Association—will prove a revelation to every man who is interested in making real money—and to those who realize the tremendous possibilities for high earnings in the selling field. Thirty thousand copies of this book will be mailed free without cost or TYPICAL EXAMPLES OF SUCCESS When A. H. Ward, Chicago, returned from the war he was making $20 a week. He enrolled with the N. 8S. T. A. and last year earned $13,500 and was elected an officer of Postl’s, Chicago. J. H. Cash, Atlanta, Ga., jumped from $25 a week to $500 a month. M. V. Stephens, of Albany, Ky., earned $25 a week when he enrolled. His last report showed he was earning $125 a week. O. H. Malfroot, Bos- ton, Mass., stepped into a $10,000 position as Sales Manager—so thorough is this training. obligation to those who send for it while the supply lasts. FULLY EXPLAINS NATIONAL DEMONSTRATION METHOD Thousands have wondered why N. 8. T. A. Members invariably make good, in a big way, right from the start, even though they have had no former selling experience, or why salesmen who have just plodded along with indifferent suc- cess quickly begin to outstrip their brother salesmen after becoming mem- bers of the Association. Among other things, this remarkable free book explains just why success comes rapidly and surely to those who enroll for this amazing System of Sales- manship Training. the N. EMPLOYERS are invited to write to the Employment Dept. of the N. S. T. A. No charge for this service to you or our members. ployers are also cor- dially invited to re- quest details about Sos. Baie eee Group Plan of In- struction for entire sales forces. sis and charts sent without obligation. You will find hundreds of similar suc- cess stories in our Literature—successes you can easily duplicate. BIG DEMAND FOR TRAINED SALESMEN City and traveling sales positions are open in every line all over the North American continent. For years thousands of leading wholesalers, jobbers, and manu- facturers have called’ on the Association to supply them with salesmen. Employ- ment service is free to both employers and members, and thousands have secured po- Em- sitions through this service. Surely this is a glowing tribute to the thoroughness and practicability of our System of Salesman- ship Training and Employment Service. JUST MAIL THE COUPON THE BOOK IS FREE To fill in and mail the coupon will not Synop- QUICK SUCCESS THROUGH N. S. T. A TRAINING Whether you have had selling experience or not, it makes no difference. The N. S. T. A. System of Salesmanship Training will enable you to become a Master Salesman in an amazingly short period of time. It will teach you, in your spare time, at home, the fundamental rules and ‘principles of se lling —how to approach different types of prospects to get asd undivided attention—certain ways to stimulate keen interest—ways to overcome objections, batter down prejudices, outwit competition, and make the pros- pect act. Step by step this Training takes you through every phase of Salesmanship. Every underlying principle of the sales strategy is made as simple as A C. Through the National Demonstration Method, you get actual experience on practically every type of sales problem that may ever present itself. And through the instruction in Character Analysis you will become an expert in reading character on sight— a valuable asset for any salesman. obligate you in any way, but it will show ig the way to be a “star” salesman. It will pay you to ét us send you this valuable and intere sting book. Fill in and mail the coupon and get it into the mail sometime today. RAINING | eee 6 Dept. C-15, N.S. T. A. Bldg., _ Chicago, Illinois | National Salesmen’s Training Ass’ Dept. C-15, N. S. T. A. Bldg., Chicane, Il. Without cost or obligation you may send me your free book, ‘“‘Modern Salesmanship,”’ and details of your System of Training and Free Employment Service. PO RR iy RS Ey SSIES City.. BMOGIG. . 0s oven AR. 5. DOC RI oss 0 0 8 CSTE

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$9,000 in Four on: 7 . ‘ ¥ & a “I have matte $9000 $6,000,000,000 in , in 4 months on nine buildings’’ writes Wine Building i Chicago, Il. : “ Train at Home for Big Money in oo This Fertile Field Six Billion Dollars in one year! Think of it! Today Building is probably America’s greatest and most profitable industry. Here is a field whose future is insured by the normal growth in population and the industrial expansion of our country. There is a big building shortage now and many competent observers predict that our larg- est cities will be practically rebuilt in the next ten years due to ever higher standards of living. Six Billion Dollars spent each year in building means fortunes for thousands who have the vision to grasp the opportunity open now to get in on the ground floor. Get Into Big Pay This Easy Way Architectural or Building Draftsmen are needed everywhere. Get out of the low or moderate pay job. Step into a real job. You can do it with training in Architectural Drafting. Salaries are big because of the tre- mendous demand and the shortage of trained Building Draftsmen. Work is steady and you have a splendid chance to go into business for yourself. This is the opportunity offered to you by this old established school of Architecture and Building Construction. Step In Chicago | out of the $40 a week class. Learn how to earn $50 to Earn While | $100 a week—and later $5,000 to $10,000 a year as You Learn | chief or superintendent. Train at Home~—Earn as You Learn sos vil | Siil}..jws : No need to quit your present job. Keep your present income and Chicago Tech. Building | prepare for a bigger one. Our simple “Practice Plan Method” will Short Day or Evening | qualify you quickly in your spare time. Intoit has gone over 25 years Courses offered in Bui'd; | of experience and the best knowl- Drafting in our Chicago | edge of our large staff of architects TRIAL — — went pred and que 3 is cr com- FREE LESSON jons delray living ¢x- | plete, resultful. Practical, success- ee eo ee | ful builders guide you. Lessons in Wal DUES Sasa ye it if interested in coming plain English. A common. school- Picrwrie: aie nent ee ee OS ee eet ee nae ine satel sh by our method, we will send you a Trial Lesson and Blue Prints Free. Test yourself and see how you like the work. Send no money—just the coupon. Get this Free Lesson now with our Big Book of Opportunity also free. Make your first step today—it costs you nothing. -MAIL COUPON - TODAY - Chicago Tech. College, Dept.331 Chicago Tech. Bldg., 118 East 26th St., Chicago, [l. Send me, without obligation, your Free Trial Les- son, Blue Prints and Book of Opportunity. I want to know how to become a Building Draftsman. It is Tech.” E. Shafners Haley. Tem™- f This $25.00 Drawing Outfit Sent without extra cost. Good for a lifetime. Mail the coupon and learn how to secure this ¢ valuable outfit. CHICAGO & derstood that no sal will call TECHNICAL COLLEGE 7," eit asians ria Letters that Won Prizes in the January Contest (Continued from page 128G) This because it promotes a wider reading of the advertisements, the greatest opportunity of today, voices the purpose and multiplies enormously the value of this magazine in promoting ambition, progress, achievement and opportunity. The advertisements hold a-key to opportunity, information, knowledge that leads to more knowledge, power, money, a life career—opportunity un. paralleled—unequaled in any age. A dozen men nationally known, a score of leading business executives, another score, incomes in five figures and over half as many more with private businesses worth upwards of a million dollars each, hundreds, thou- sands of lesser achievement, owe their successes in great measure to the read-. ing of an advertisement. To me it gave a law course (La Salle,) two farms, information, knowledge, a business, business training worth thou- sands of dollars, independence for life, Cuas. L. NELson. ' These letters illustrate graphically the success that can be yours if you take advantage of the offers advertised in the Money Making Opportunities Section. Start on the road to success to-day. Study all the advertisements shown on pages 128F to 158. Select those that offer you the opportunity you are most in- terested in and fill in the coupons or write for further information. Dept. 331 Chicago Technical Bidg. 118 E. 26th St. Chicago, fil. / Complete List of PRIZE WINNERS In the January Contest FIRST PRIZE $50 John F. Hardecker, Brooklawn, N. J. (American School of Aviation) SECOND PRIZE $25 William Gray, Youngstown, Ohio (International Correspondence. Schools) THIRD PRIZE, $10 Grace M. Baker, Washington, D. C. (Crown Fuel Saver Co.) PRIZE WINNERS who receive $1.00 each for their letters G. Rose, Huntington, West Va. (University of Applied Science) Chas. L. Nelson, Academy, S. D. (La Salle Extension University) Eric C. Webb, Denver, Colo. (Mac-O-Chee Mills) D. J. Deming, Lynn Haven, Fla. (University of Applied Science) O. F. Sternemann, Paauilo, Hawaii (University of Chicago) Scudder Martin, San Luis Obispo, Cal. (David B. Clarkson Co.) Rev. L. V. Bennett, Cook, Minn. (Washington School of Cartooning) Edward O’Brien, Williamspcrt, Pa. (International Correspondence Schools) L. B. Pearson, Coalwood, W. Va. (American School of Aviation) M. D. Martin, Oglesby, Texas (National Radio Institute) Rev. Alan Pressley Wilson, Baltimore, Md. (U. S. School of Music) Leslie J. Miller, Rock Springs, Wyo. (Northwestern School of Taxidermy) Lloyd H. Bell, Washington, Penna. (Producers League) Margaret Haines, Fayette City, Pa. (Sherwin Cody School of English) Leonard L. Siscoe, Laingsburg, Mich.

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es | i | It’s a shame for you to earn $15 or $20 or $30 a week, when in the same six days thousands of men as Electrical Experts are making $70 to $200—and do it easier—not work half so hard. Why then remain in the small-pay game, in a line of work that offers no chance, no big promotion, no big income? Fit yourself for a real job in the great electrical industry. I’ll show you how. Be an Electrical Expert Learn to Earn $3,500 to $10,000 a Year Today even the ordinary Electrician—the “screw driver” kind— is making money—big money. Butit’s the trained man—the man who knows the whys and wherefores cf Electricity—the Electri- cal Expert—who is picked out to “boss” the ordinary Electricians —to boss the big jobs—the jobs that pay $3,500 to $10,000 a year. Get in line for one of these “Big Jobs.” Start by enrolling now for my easily learned, quickly grasped, right-up-to-the-minute, Spare-Time Home-Study Course in Practical Electricity. Age or Lack of Experience With me, you do practical work — at home. You start right in after your first few lessons to work at your profession in the regular way and make extra money in your spare time. For this you need tools, and I give them to you 5 big complete working outfits, with tools, measuring instruments, and a real electric motor — 5 outfits in all. The Cooke Trained Man is the ‘Big Pay’ Man | No Drawback You don’t have to be a College Man; you don’t have to be a High School Graduate. As Chief Engineer of the Chicago Engineering Works, I know exactly the kind of training you need, and I will give you that training. My Course in Electricity is simple, thor- ough and complete and offers every man, regardless of age, edu- cation or previous experience, the chance to become, in a short time, an “Electrical Expert,” able to make from $70 to $200 a week. Your Satisfaction Guaranteed So sure am I that you can learn Electricity—so sure am I that after studying with me, you, too, can get into the “big money” class in electrical work, that I will guarantee under bond to re- turn every single penny paid me in tuition, if, when you have finished my Course, you are not satisfied itis the best investment you ever made. And back of me in my guarantee, stands the Chicago Engineering Works, Inc.,a two million dollar institution, thus zssuring to every student enrolled, not only a wonderful training in Electricity, but an unsurpassed Student Service as well. Free Book on Electricity I want to send you my Electrical Book and Proof Lessons, both Free. These cost you nothing and you'll enjoy them. Make the start today for a $700 in 24 Days ‘‘Thanks to your interest- ing Course I made over$700 in 24 days in Radio. Of course, this is a little above the average but I run from $10 to $40 clear profit every day, 80 you can see what your training has done for me.”” FRED G.McNABB. 7 W. 16th St., Atlanta, Ga. $20 a Day —for Schreck “‘Use my name as a refer- ence and depend on me asa booster. The biggest thing I ever did was answer your ad- vertisement. I am averagi better than $500 a month my own business now. J used to make $18 a week.’’ bright future in Electricity: Send in Coupon—Now! L. L. COOKE, . Chief Engineer Chicago Engineering Works 2150 Lawrence Ave. Dept. 33 Chicago Get Started Now! ,«° , Mail Coupon ,+” **I was a dumbbell in elec- tricity until I got in touch with you, Mr. Cooke, but now [ have charge of a big plant including 600 motors and direct a force of 34men —electricians, helpers, etc. Mysalary has gone up more than 150%. e GEO. ILLINGWORTH, é 63 Calumet Road, é Holyoke, Mass. L. L. COOKE, Dept. 33 2150 Lawrence Ave., Chicago # Send me at once without obligation your big illustrated book and complete details of your Home Stu Electricity, including your outfit and employment service offers. A. SCHRECK, i) Phoenix, Arizona The Man Who Makes **Big-Pay’’ Men é o" Address. Occupation ly Course in

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Opportunities for Readers sm Quick Action Advertising ADDING MACHINES FREE trial, marvelous new adding machine.: Adds, subtrac multiplies, divides automatically. Work equals $350.00 machine. Price only $15.00. Speedy, durable, handsome. Five-year guarantee. Used by largest corporations. trial offer. Rapids, Write today for catalog and free _ Lightning Calculator Co., Dept. O, Grand Michigan. ADVERTISING SERVICES Rates 30 Cents a Word. A 10% discount is allowed on all contracts for six consecutive insertions. Advertisements intended for the May, 1926 issue should be received by March 5th BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES BUSINESS Guide with free legal service sells every- where. Wells cleared $1,185 in 35 days. Write for free outtit. Nichols Co., Naperville, Ill., Dept. 1B. ADVERTISE in 24 metropolitan dailies, 24 words, $15.00. Helpful Guide listing 1000 publications, 4c stamps. Wade Company, Baltimore Bldg., Chicago. a 24 WORD ad 355 rural weeklies, $14.20, Ad-Meyer, 112P Hartford, St. Louis. COMBINATTON Winner. $8.00 inch. Thrice, Mich. MODERATE price ad-copy. Sales Letters $1.50, 3 x 6 Circulars $1.0) x 9 Circulars, $2.50, 2-inch display $1.00, Classified 50c. Nelson, 402 Fairmont, Philadelphia, Pa 125 Magazines, 10¢ word, Interstate Advertiser, Munising, INCH display, 88 magazines $2.00, thrice $5.40. Smith’s Service, Wenatchee, Wash. INCH Display, 100 monthlies $4. Cope Agency, 233PS, Champaign, IIL. AUTHORS AND MANUSCRIPTS USED correspondence schoo! courses. All kinds. on re-purchase basis. Big saving. Lists free. (Courses bought.) Alabama. MIRRORS re-silvered at home. Costs less than 5cents per square foot; you charge 75 cents. Immense profits, plating autoparts, reflectors,tableware,stoves. Refinish- ing metal ware, etc. Outfits furnished. Write for infor- mation. Sprinkle, Plater, 94. Marion, Indiana. Sold Money back guarantee. Lee Mountain, Pisgah, EDUCATION AND INSTRUCTION ; CORRESPONDENCE Courses. All Schools.. Lowa Lowes, prices. Terms. Catalog Free. Mention Subject, Econ. omy Educator, 440-B Sansome, San Francisco, USED correspondence school courses save over hal Bargain catalogue 1000 courses free. Used COUTEes bought. Students’ Exchange, Dept. A, 47 West 4 Street, New York. “DOUBLE entry bookkeeping mastered in 60 with 8 keys; guaranteed; diploma.” International Bog. keeping Institute, Desk 10, Springfield, Mo. BOOKKEEPING in a week, $2 complete. West 153d Street, New York. FOR “Free ———w mae Course) write Carnegis College, Rogers, Ohio CORRESPONDE NC IE Courses bought and sokd Hanfling, 799-X, Broadway, New York Dukes, wi LEARN the collection business. Good income; quick results. Interesting booklet, ‘Skillful Collecting,”’ free. National Collector's Association, Science Building, New- ark, Ohio. BECOME a Foot Correctionist. A New Profession not medical nor chiropody. All the trade you can attend to; many are making $3000 to 310,000 yearly, easy terms for training by mail, no further capital needed or goods to buy, no agency or soliciting. Address Stephenson ‘Labora- tory, 10 Back Bay, Boston, Mass. PHOTOPLAY—Story Ideas wanted. $25-S50U paid. Experience unnecessary; outline Free to anyone. Write Producers League, 312, St. Louis. WRITERS—Stories, poems, plays, etc., are wanted for moe ation. Literary Bureau, 117, Hannibal, Mo. ING Poem Writers send for proposition. Ray Hibbler, D10, 4040 Dickens Av., Chicago. I WANT song poems. Casper Nathan, J-3544 No. Racine, Chicago. $$$ FOR IDEAS. Photoplay plots considered in any form. Write today for free booklet. Universal Scenario Corporation, 214 Security Bldg., Santa Monica & West- ern Ave., Hollywood, Calif. AUTOMOBILES AND ACCESSORIES CARBON-X will keep your engine “‘peppy”’ it free from carbon. Handy package and Carbon ?’ * postpaid for dollar bill. Money back if you want it. Carbon-X, Box 1953, Chicago. AVIATION LEARN Aviation; Send 25c for large illustrated booklet which tells how. Varney Aircraft Co., Peoria, III. The American School of Aviation announces a new correspondence course in mechanics of aviation. A thorough training in practical aeronautics. American School of Aviation, Dept. 6741, 3601 Michigan Ave., Chicago, Ilinois. BOYS get a three foot model aeroplane free. Write to Aero Shop, 3050 Hurlbut Ave., Detroit, Mich. AEROPLANE Motors $3,000.00; complete 165 Horse- power Gnome 9-cylinder engine, weight 292 pounds, air cooled. Immediate delivery $25.00; cash with order F.O.B. Dayton. 1,100 engines purchased from Air Service. Complete planes $500 up. Time payments. Nieuport model. 28 wings complete, $6.00; good con- dition—bargain for plane builders. Motors ideal for ice sleds, snow sleds, motor boats, wind wagons. Write for booklet. Marvin A. Northrop, 200 Builders Exchange, Minneapolis, Minn. MOTORS: Curtiss OXX-6 Class A (under Fifty Hours) for Plane, Sea-Sled, Motor boat, etc., $225.00. All Motor and Plane Spares at Best Prices. Send for by keeping “Why Is Catalogue. Monumental Aircraft Co., 339 N. St. Paul Terrace, Baltimore, Md. BOATS AND LAUNCHES SPEEDY boat, Ford propelled, easily built, blueprint and directions; sixty cents. Marine cooler ,booklet free to Ford boat owners. C. C. Hubbell, 4D East Ave., Norwalk, Conn. BUILD your own boat:—Newly designed Speedy V-Bottom Out-Board motor, Runabouts, Cabin‘’Cruisers, etc., 55 models KNOCK-DOWN or patterns. Send 25c for catalog. Brooks Boat Co., Inc., Salt Street, Saginaw West Side, Mich. WE start you in business, furnishing everything; men and women, $80.00 to $100.00 weekly operating our ‘‘New System Specialty Candy Factories’”’ anywhere. Oppor- tunity lifetime; booklet free. W. Hillyer Ragsdale, Drawer 19, East Orange, N. J. STOP plodding! Be successful. Operate a tire repair shop. Make big profits in any locality. We teach you and furnish complete equipments, $100 up. Book of Oppor- — free. Haywood's, 1306 South Oakley Avenue, icago. CORRESPONDENCE Courses - sold complete: |. usual prices because slightly used; easy terms; m back guarantee. All schools and subjects. Write special Free catalog. Courses bought for cash. Keo) educator Service, 202-N. West 49th St., New York. SHORTHAND in four evenings. Arthol course seven dollars. Sent approval. Particulars, Hollefreund's School, Stratford, Ontario, Canada. BECOME Patent Lawyer. Full information. Patey Law, 301 Hennepin Ave., Minneapolis, Minn. BARBERING. Learn modern barbering at home Practice on the family. Easy complete Instructions, Two dollars. Foster, Expert Barber, Dept. B, 6138 60th St., Chicago, ne DOUBLE your earning power. You can quickly bs come a foreman under my training. I teach you to read blue prints and take charge of work. Write today— tell me your trade. Carroll Rumsey. 205 Drexel Build ing, Philadelphia, Pa. MAKE $100 to $300 weekly locally and by mail in a fascinating high class eae Complete instructions sent for 25¢. “Ad dress U. Service, Honesdale, Pa. START small home Sail Order Business. Booklet 2e. Harvey Teeple, Decatur, Indiana. SUCCEED With Your Own Products—Make them yourself. Formulas, Processes, Trade-Secrets. Modern master methods. Catalog free. C. Thaxly Co., Wash- ington, D.C. RESPONSIBLE manufacturer wants competent men to manage office and salesmen. $300 to $1500 necessary; will allow expenses to Trenton if you qualify. Address Manager, 536 Forst Richey Bldg., Trenton, N. J. BUSINESS of your own. age rugs. Same method I use. Plan and formula $1.00, for $10.00 daily. Fink, 1050 Curtis, Toledo, Ohio. GO INTO business of your own at home or office earning good growing income, without investment or canvassing. Get free interesting re. Interstate Commercial Service, Box 263, Elizabeth, N. J. A different business, worthy, ST Learn privilege Sraming. Cc — tal ane up. Dept. R., Paul Kaye, 149 Broadway, New WANT more money r “Start little Mail Order Busi- ness. Samples and Plan Free. Stamp please, Suydamp, 10748—112th Street, Richmond Hill, New York. PATENTS procured; Trade Marks Registered—A comprehensive, experienced, — 4 service for the pro- tection and development of your ideas. Preliminary advice gladly furnished without charge. Booklet of in- formation and form for disclosing idea free on request. Richard B. Owen, 44 Owen Bldg., Washington, D. C. or 41-Z Park Row, New York. MAKE $10 a day, cleaning clocks without taking apart. Copyrighted instructions $1. DeSelms Watch school, Logansport, Indiana. YOU can get the job you want. application and instruction $1.00. Mary Ann, Montreal, Canada. GO in Business for Yourself. Operate at home spare Sample letters of A. Allard, 1217 time. No canvassing. Very little capital required. Par- eure free. Regal Service, 305-E 43rd, Kansas City, oO. FORMULAS FORMULAS—ALL KINDS. Catalog Free. Clover Laboratories, Dept. PS, Park Ridge, Illinois. FOR BOYS “AMATEUR ELECTRICIAN,” 64 pages, (illustrated) ~ Toymaker Book,”’ (illustrated) ‘‘Ford Joke Book’—all for 25e. Elsea, Publisher, Bowling Green, Ohio. FOR INVENTORS CASHING IN—If you have a practical, useful inven- em to sell, write promptly. American Patents Corpo ration, Barrister Building, Washington, D. C. INVENTOR’S Universal Educator—contains 90 mechanical movements; 50 perpetual motions. Tells how to obtain and sell patents. Suggests new ideas. Explains how to select your attorney and avoid patent sharks. Price (revised edition), $2.00 postpaid. Albert kK. Dietrich, 681 Ouray Bldg., Washington, D.C, UNPATENTED Ideas Can be Sold. I tell you how and help you make the sale. Free particulars (Copy- righted). Write W. T. Greene, 805 Jenifer Building, Washington, D. C. INVENTIONS Commercialized. Patented or un- patented. Write Adam Fisher Mfg. Co., 183 Enright, St. Louis, Mo. PATENTS: My fee in instalments. Free personal advice. Frank T. Fuller, Washington, D. C. GET Your Own Patents. Instructions, legal blanks, $1. Cooper Cutting, Campbell, Calif. SELL your patented or unpatented invention. Write for my three plans. Free. Hartley, 44 Central St. Bangor, Maine. ATENTS wanted by manufacturers; send description. Box 126, Dowagiac, Michigan. INVENTORS: Get this pamphlet—‘*What to In vent’. No theory or guess work, but things actually asked for by manufacturers. Sent prepaid for only $1.00. Inventors’ Syndicate, 23 Paladium) Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. FOR MEN AND WOMEN MAKE $80 weekly; experience unnecessary: full or spare time; details free. ra. Winner, Box 615, Philadelphia, DETECTIVES—Work home or travel. Experience unnecessary. Write, George Wagner, former Goveri- ment Detective, 1968P Broadway, N. Y. BLUE PRINTS MOTOR CAMPERS. —— builders. Los Angeles TO the man who has a Home Workshop ai likes to work with tools, Popular Science Monthly offers the opportunity to purchase blueprints giving details of the construction of useful articles for the home. The follow- ing are a few of the blueprints available: No. 1, Sewing Table, No. 5, Kitchen Cabinet, No. 13, Tea Wagon, No. 15,;Workshop Bench, No. 17, Cedar and Mahogany Chest, No. 41, One Tube Radio Set, No. 42, Radio Receiver with three stages of amplification, No. 43, Four Tube Radio Receiver. Send 25c for each blueprint that you wish to ~~ Science Monthly, 242 Fourth Avenue, New York, We supply camp car plans for Pacific Vehicle Works, sioute 574, BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES GOOD Steady profits derived from Hae yg oy business. Our process gives best results. Rusted ice cream and milk cans must be retinned. Callender, 2529 W. 48th, - Chicago. THE Miracles of Hunches. Dr. Kroll’s master pocket edition solves great mysteries and simpiifies vital prob- lems. These amazing secrets unfold the miracles of in- stinct to your immediate. advantage or money refunded. Price $1.00. Dr. Wm . Kroll. 20-N. Ashland Blvd. Suite 411, Chicago, iil, BUSINESS SERVICES CHARTERS— Delaware: received: ‘ved forms. Del. (99 aE "Em Pay—My system will make them pay their bills Write for the acid test. Literature free. Burleigh L. Horr, Horr Omelia Block, Rhinelander, Wis. best, cheapest; granted day Colonial Charter Co., Wilmington, BATTERY shop equipment and supplies at whole- sale. Adams-Barrs, Columbus, Ohio. CHALK TALKS A new mail order book tells exactly how to start, grow and win. Latest methods explained, new ideas and pointers. Free circular tells all about it. MacRea, Publisher, 805S Oregonian Bldg., Portland, Oregon. LAUGH producing program, $1.00. Circulars free. Cartoonist Balda. Oshkosh, Wisconsin. DISTRICT MAN ——— AND paces maaan ANTED L1G money made repairing burnt-out Radio Tubes. Instructions $1.00. Duck Mfg. Co., Freeport, Ill. WORLD'S ee selling — cL W.. County : = = distributors wanted; write to-day. G. L. Spring mm RY rene, eee ee le mail order business. Pier, Oiler Co., San Diego. California MANUFACTURE your own products. Make $100 DOGS weekly. Information for stamp. Office: Thomas W. Myers, 21 W. Locust St., Mechanicsburg, Pa. BEAUTIFUL registered bull pups cheap. Bulldogs. WANTED— Representatives in every factory in the 501 Rockwood, Dallas, Texas United States. Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth FOX, Coon, and combination hounds as good as live; Ave., New York. Rabbit hounds. Stephens Kennels, Marshall, Ark. BE. aoe handwritten cards, your name. Send quarter for mple dozen to EXPERT PENMAN MEUB, 2365 Mar Vista, Pasadena, Calif. ARE you old at forty? See our advertisement on page 138 of this issue. The Electro Thermal Company, 4009 Main Street, Steubenville, Ohio. $15 daily easily made; great opportunity. Men and women-—experience unnecessary. 95c Profit every Dol- lar. A Whirlwind Seller. Write Quick! Particulars free! Alfred P. Samson, Dept. 20, Willows, California. FOR SALE FOR Sale: Watchmaker's Lathe at a bargain. R. Jaegermann, 5815 Easton Ave., St. Louis, Mo. 25e BARGAIN—3 beautiful miniature cacti, with illustrated catalogue of Desert plants. C. E. Pattison, 320 Tobin Place, El Paso, Texas. MR. MANUFACTURER, layman or veteran— Side Dump Scraper Hoist, loads wagons, does ditching. E.F Hawkins, Applegate, Oreg. PURE honey, guaranteed, w aes pounds, $1.25 F.O.B. Here. Soo Tin, Liberty, N. FOR THE HOME ee HOT WATER ON TAP, $6. Make your own —_ matic. Write John Kirkeby, San Luis Obispo, Cal ME aN! WOMEN! MAKE $1 AN HOUR AT HOME WEAVING Colonial Rugs, genuine fluff rugs, any fabries, from new and other materials. Home weave always busy. You learn in 30 minutes. We guarantee) Looms now as low as $9.90. Liberal Pay-As- ou Wee terms. ype YOUR ro eg 4 problem by writs for FREE Loom Book today. ON LOOM WOR et Traini 23 No This is idea _ scl leading gineers | build t home-t from Westin Wester: Americ Genera Mass. I Colum! and ot! porat versit 482 Factory St., Boonville, N. YY

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_ Get ready - Quick! Fle rica! for abig-pay Job in ~ Lessons E LECTRICITY I have placed hundreds of men in fine Electrical jobs at salaries from $60 to $125 a week. Several hun- dred more needed. They need not be high school graduates (the grades will do) but they must be willing to devote part of their spare time to learning Electrical principles and practice by a new Job-method built by 23 leading Electrical Engineers, and simplified for home-study. ‘Three Lessons sent you absolutely free to prove how interesting and easy and valuable this i = instruction has been made.

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| loprove You can WILL make this Contract to i ae Sas M h A .million dollar institution stands back of this a- I r t ho e wit agreement to PREPARE you to fill a well-paid Elec- (LON hd @ | Vat trical job and then to help you FIND THE JOB—or 4 : . - J P 3 : Ax @ you: to refund the small amount charged for your training! — IM S. PO i Here is your opportunity to get out of the class of “_ see under-paid, money-worried men, always out of a rj oe A / job or afraid to lose one. To step into the rank of ry 17272 @ A men who are paid BIG al - >», od SALARIES for what they = «<< = Gee. KNOW, instead of starva- = ae ae th tion wages for what they DO! 0- 4 Electrical aS. . . . ui | Training Built by ectrica ri . a eS Noted Engineers Outfits OW This is no one-man, one G 2 : Ny idea school. America’s 1ven. iB leading Electrical En- ° “" gineers have helped me t. — . wonderful I send you absolutely 3 a. eee without extra cost, as a “ Sidiediieens part of this training, 4 I. Western Electric costly outfits of stand- — os y Rea lila e ard size tools and 4 — ag ae vill picks Po on materials, so you a AMBRE MoT atta” learn Electricity by m. = and uni- Favcstion™ 4. 1 DOING actual ip ne = trical jobs. One o lly hw these outfits is a $10 0 Electric Motor —a eo 6 PROOF! real motor and gen- al erator, the same type le that we place men in as the big fellows in a power plant. I send it — to you “ knock-down” and have you wind the ‘ JOBS! Get My field and armature and assemble it. That's S (2 seestved youn letter today Job S ° the way I teach every branch of Electricity! re and hurried immediately to the oO ervice Searels oF eae Light, Radio, and ine Electric Company, wit Aotor outfits included. nd the result that I got the — Guarantee Offer i o | John Almquist, Ill. ; ° n Louisiana Public Service Company If you have reached the point where you ~ New Iberia, La. realize YOU MUST train and specialize to 4 “Under your caption G-o045 you get anywhere, write me immediately! I will show R. oily postrectee i ag ol you the wonderful opportunities, the Seg whom we migh e n- CS ee ra lia ‘ . sils = litied in employing Will you salaries, the many openings — ae illion mn, please put him in touch with us, dollar industry. a will "ee "OB he or give us all necessary informa- sensational combination I- - . de ion regarding his character and z hich i soak ea : B CHIEF ENGINEER DUNLAP B. qualifications.” offer ever made, which is practically a guarantee B MPAA Haviebers Sz J. G. Dix, President. of your success. Mail coupon and get 3 Free < : B. “T have just received a notifi- Electrical Lessons and complete information. k American School, Dept. E3 75 - ae from the Commonwealth 4 Drexel Ave. and 58th St., Chicago = ie a Co. cman: eet @ = = Send me your Job Service Guarantee offer, 3 Free Electrical Les- 0 ler station. pepe el sons, facts about the opportunities in Electricity, etc. z ae ee Te I BRR BORER Oe Roark csn ca censesenesanrestncesneesnrnenees cy “ erome Uvernhoet. 4 i. a ELECTRICAL DIVISION Baa N02 01s aves 01 864 a 9p 5 ass ens ci aheralla ohercvar si (ure aul = niu over eibraceiatsiec diate ve ° : AMERIC AN SCHOOL Dept. Drexel Ave. and (& (ity.....-.--:-sessesessesseseestestsseensereneseseesennenes x = ew ip SO MNCRN TD Sintec. sescsesnececesesntndcccscesesecersccsssenees

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FOR THE HOME March, 1925 MAGIC TRICKS PATENT ATTORNEYS GRANDFATHER clock works 35.00. Build your own case, instructions free; make good profits selling your friends. Clock works with chimes for old or new cases. Write for full particulars. Clock Co., Nicetown, Penn. TO the man who likes to work with tools, Popular Science Monthly offers the opportunity to purchase blue- prints giving details of the construction of useful articles for the home. The following are a few of the blueprints available: No. 1, Sewing Table, No. 5. Kitchen Cabinet, No. 13, Tea Wagon, No. 15, Workshop Bench, No. 17, Cedar and Mahogany Chest, No. 41, One Tube Radio Set, No. 42, Radio Receiver with three stages of ampli- fication, No. 43, Four Tube Radio Receiver. Send 25¢ for each blueprint that you wish to tg gd Science Monthly, 242 Fourth Avenue, New York, N. HELP WANTED SiLVERING Mirrors, Freach plate. basily learned; immense profits. Plans free. Wear Mirror Works, 31 Excelsior Springs, Mo. EARN $109 to $30 weekly mailing circulars at home. Outfit and instructions, 25¢ coin. Survinal, 4731-2 8. Arlington, Akron, O. MEN—Start with a starting concern. No get-rich- quick promises—As You Work So Shall You Earn. Kretan Korporation, 9629 Conant Ave., Detroit, Mich. Bic a magician, give shows, earn money. Catalogite 20 cents. Oaks Magical Co., Dept. 520, Oshkosh, Wis. BOOKS, Magic, Mysteries, Magic Tricks, Novelties. Catalogue Free. Singer 515, Hancock, Wisconsin. BOOK of Magic, Set Trick Cards and Illustrated Catalog, 10c. Piedmont Novelty Shop, Box 631, Dan- ville, Virginia. MANUFACTURING DEVELOPING ideas and manufacturing our spe- cialty. Absolute satisfaction, 33 years’ experience; write us. The K. & B. Die & Specialty Co., 2018 Elm St., Cincinnati, Ohio, Dept. C. ADVICE from engineers will save you from making costly mistakes in buying radio and teol_ equipment. Write to Popular Science Institute, 246 Fourth Ave., New York City, for list of tested and approved products. See page 6. MISCELLANEOUS PATENTS—Before disclosing an inve ventor should write for our blank form “ tion.” This should be signed, witnessed and returned us together with model or sketch and description of t Invention for Free Inspection and Instructions he Three Books mailed free to inventors. Our illustra’ i Guide Book, “‘How to Obtain a Patent,” contains tet instructions regarding patents. Copies of unsolicited letters from manufacturers and others who are constant ly writing us regarding the purchase or leasing of meri, rious '— reap ny yt See advertisement on page 145. ctor J. Evans & Co., 937 Ni ton, D. C. _—_ Washing. PATENTS, trade marks, copyrights. sonal reliable service. htion the in. Record of Iny Prompt, per. Over 30 years’ acti Actice, Write for terms. Book free. ‘Address E. rel ieee cf Box 1, N. U. Building, Washington, D.C.” 28° PATENTS. Booklet free. Highest reference results. Promptness assured. W sole Watson E. C Patent Lawyer, 644 G Street, Washington, b.oomes ARE you old at forty’? See our adveriisement on page 138 of this issue. The Electro Thermal Company, 4055 Main, Steubenville, Ohio. MINERAL Treasure under foot! Find it! Information 10¢c. Minerals identified $1.00. specimens. Buskin, Geologist. Joplin. Mo. Cash it! Mineral STEAMSHIP POSILTIONS—Europe. Orient. Good pay. Experience unnecessary. Send stamped addressed envelope for list. Box 122-F. Mount Vernon, N. Y., or Box 346-F, Santa Monica, California. MR. BRUSH Salesman: —Old Established New York Brush Manufacturer requires the services of men in all territories to sell their extensive line of Sanitary Twisted in Wire Brushes. We pay larger commissions than any other Brush House in the country. Write immediately for our proposition. Wire Grip Sanitary Brush Corp., 15 Mercer St., New York. HELP WANTED INSTRUCTION MODELS AND MODEL SUPPLIES INVENTORS’ Guide free on request; gives vy information and advice for all who have orletnad — improvements. Frank Lederman, Registered Attorney and Engineer, Woolworth Bldg., 1714, New York. UNPATENTED Ideas Can Be Sold. I tell yo and help you make the sale. Free particulars (One righted 1923). Write W. T. Greene, 811 Jenifer Building Washington, D. C. ; Wt make working models for inventors and experi- mental work, and carry a complete stock of brass gears and model supplies. Send for catalogue. The Pierce Model Werks, Tinley Park, Illinois . HULIT & CO., 625 Jackson, Chicago, Ill. Experi- mental Machinists. Model Makers, Dies. Patterns. Complete general Machine shoo. MODEL steam engines, boilers and model pipe line fittings. Model making supplies. Send 20c for this year’s illustrated catalogue handbook. Bathe Mfg. Co., Dept. C., 5214 Woodland Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. DETECTIVES Earn Big Money. Excellent oppor- tunity. Travel. Fascinating work. Experience un- necessary. Write George Wagner, former Government Detective, 1968P, Broadway, N. Y. COMMENCE $142—S158 MONTH. Mail Carriers, Railway Mail Clerks. Men 18 up. Travel—see country. Sample coaching—FREE. Write immediately. Frank- lin Institute, Dept. N 34, Rochester, N. Y ~ MEN wanting forest ranger, railway mail clerk and other government positions, write for free particulars of examinations. _Mokane, Dept. B-30, Denver, Colo. HOW TO ENTERTAIN PLAYS, musical comedies and revues, minstrel music, blackface skits, vaudeville acts, monologs, dialogs, recitations, entertainments, musical readings, stage hand- ake-up goods. Big catalog free. T.S. Denison So. Wabash, Dent. 26, Chicago. INCORPORATIONS DELAWARE Incorporator, Charters: Fees Small; forms. Chas. G. Guyer, 901 Orange St., Wilmington, Delaware. «& Co., 62 INDIAN GOODS INDIAN Goods, curios, minerals, coins, stamps, butterflies. 1,000 article catalogue 10c. Indiancraft P. 8S. Company, 466 Connecticut, Buffalo, N. Y. INFORMATION $1,000 worth information. circular, Bureau, 80 Lake, Webster, Mass. Free. Lakeside MOTORCYCLES, BICYCLES, SUPPLIES MILLIONS spent annually for ideas! Hundreds now wanted! Patent yours and!profit! Write today for free book—tells how to protect yourself, how to invent, ideag wanted! how we help you sell, ete. American Indus. tries, Inc., 501 Kresge Bldg., Washington, D. C, PATENTS, Trade-Marks, all countries. Ten years’ experience examining applications in Patent Office, Consultation invited. George Beeler, Patent Attorney, 150 Nassau Street, New York. ' ESTABLISHED 1864. Milo E. Stevens Company, Free Booklet, Patents, Trade-Marks, Copyrights. Offices, re Block, Chicago; Barrister Building, Washing- on, D. C. OVERSTOCKED Used Motorcycles, 1923 Indian Chief, $95.00, 1923 Harley Davidson, $95.00, 1923 Henderson Deluxe, $120.00. Two hundred others, write for free list. Myerow Brothers Co., 14 Berkeley St., Boston, Mass. DON’T buy a bicycle motor attachment until you get our catalogue and prices. Shaw Mfg. Co., Dept. 4, Galesburg, Kansas. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells ‘‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.’’ You'd like to know, wouldn’t you? Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Ave., New York. MAIL ORDER BUSINESS 83000 extra a year, home evenings, 1 made it. Mail Order Business. Advertising Booklet for stamp explains. Sample and plan 25c. Alps Scott, Cohoes, N. Y. START a Mail Order Business. Reliable, practical plan 25 cents. Circulars free. Morris Specialty Co., 2007 Park Ave., St. Louis, Mo. PATENTS: My fee in installments. Free personal advice. Frank T. Fuller, Washington, D. C. MONROE E. MILLER, Ouray Bldg., Washington, D, C., Patent Lawyer, Mechanical, Electrical Expert. Book- let and Priority Record blank gratis. PATENTS —Send for form ‘‘Evidence of Conception” to be signed and witnessed. Form, fee schedule, informa- tion free. Lancaster and Allwine, Registered Patent Attorneys in United States and Canada, 232 Ouray Bldg., Washington, D. C. PATENTS Procured: Trade Marks Registered.—A comprehensive, experienced, prompt service for the pr- tection and development of your ideas. Preliminary advice gladly furnished without charge. Booklet of in- formation and form for disclosing idea free on request. Richard B. Owen, 44 Owen Bldg., Washington, D. C., or 41-Z Park Row, New York. RICHARD E. Babcock, Patent Lawyer, Washington Loan & Trust Bldg., Washington, D. C. Established 1877. Booklet. SPRONGER patents at fair prices. Drawings, speci- fications, claims, $20. Send half fee with description of Trombonists — get “Free Pointers.” Virtuoso Music School, Buffalo, N. Y PIANO JAZZ: teaches kar Playing, Negro Harmony, Player Piano Effects, Chimes, Blues, Chords, Sweet Harmony, Particulars Write ‘Piano Bill,’’ Toronto 3, Canada. COMPLETE, accurate information on any subject, $2. National Information Bureau, 1429B Milton St., Grand Rapids, Michigan. Prompt service. ‘MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts. which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells “‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably."”” You'd like to know, wouldn’t you? Address your inquiry to: Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular science Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. NOVELTIES BOOKS and Imported French novelties. Sample and illustrated list 25c. Photo Institute, Box 519, McAdoo, Penna. OFFICE DEVICES ADDRESSING machines, multigraph, duplicators, folders, check writers, sealers, dictating machines, at about half new cost. Pruitt, 117 N. Market St., Chicago. OPTICAL GOODS INSECTS WANTED ARTIFICIAL eyes. Booklet free. 508 Barclay, Denver, Colorado. Denver Optic, WHY not spead Spring, Summer and Fall gathering butterflies, insects? I buy hundreds of.kinds for collec- tions. Some worth $1 to $7 each. Simple outdoor work with my instructions, pictures, price-list. Send 10 cents (not stamps) for my Illustrated Prospectus before send- ing butterflies. Mr. Sinclair, Dealer in Insects, Dept. 7, Box 1424, San Diego, Cal. LABORATORY AND CHEMICAL SERVICES YOUR chemical problem solved and working process furnished for $5.00. Write me. W. Stedman Richards, Consulting Chemist, Box 2402, Boston, Mass. MELT Metals and Alloys. Electric furnaces $75.00. Speedee-Heet Electric Furnaces, 411 N. Wells St., Chicago, 11] FORMULAS: The Best Chemical Science Can de- vise —Guaranteed Reliable Processes in all lines. Stamp Brings Big Bunch of Valuable Literature, Interesting Lists. Don’t buy till you receive this. Chemical Analysis, Charges reasonable. Dr. Liscomb Miller, Chemist, Tampa, Florida. EXPERIMENTERS. Complete Chemical Apparatus and Radio Catalog. 1000 illustrations. Price 25¢; re- funded on $5.00 order. Laboratory Materials Co., 641 East 71st St., Chicago LANGUAGES WORLD-ROMIC System, Masterkey 5,000 languages. Primers $1.98. Chinese, French, Spanish—-Languages, 8 West 40th, New York. LEATHER GOODS TRUNKS, Luggage, Leather Travel Goods factory. Save money Co. Spring Valley, Ills Buy from Write for catalog. G. G. Mfg. LISTS PHOTOGRAPHY AND SUPPLIES HAVE youacamera? Write for free sample of our big magazine, showing how to make better pictures and earn money. American Photography, 117 Camera House, Boston, 17, Massachusetts. ESTABLISH yourself at home, as a photographic expert; make $75 a week. while learning; professional camera furnished free; write quick for full information. International Studios, Dept. 1743, 3601 Michigan Ave., Chicago. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.”” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells ‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.” You'd like to know, wouldn't you’? Address your inquiry to’ Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Ave., New York. UNEXCELLED Gloss Prints. Trial Offer. Your Kodak Film Developed and Printed only 10c. F. R. B. Photographers, Dept. ‘‘G,”’ 1503 Lincoln Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. invention. Prompt, efficient action. American Patents MUSICAL Corporation, Barrister Building, Washington, D. C. SAXOPHONISTS — Clarinetists — Cornetists — As one of the oldest patent firms in America we give inventors at lowest consistent charge, a service noted for results, evidenced by many well known Patents of extraordinary value. Book, Patent-Sense, free. Lacey & Lacey, 648 F St., Wash., D. C., Estab. 1869. PRINTING AND ENGRAVING $3.00 DELIVERED. 500 Watermarked Bond Letter- heads. 82x11, and 250 envelopes, money with order. Job Printing Specialty. National Printing Company, Dept. 5, Goshen, Ind. HIGH Grade Printing —5,000 20-Ib. Hammermill Bond Letter Heads, $13.75; 10,000, $24.00. 6% white wove envelopes, one thousand, $2.25. The Courier Company, Zanesville, Ohio. MONEY making business forms sent free. Cornish, Schenectady, N. Y. 200 Business Envelopes $1.00. Commercial size, for business use. Name, business and address. Prompt service. List of 10 Big Dollar Specials Free. P. 8. Kendall, Elmira, N. Y. BETTER Printing for Less Money. Write us about your printing needs, and you will save money. Ernest Fantus Company, 525 South Dearborn Street, Chicago. 500 LETTERHEADS and Envelopes, $5.00. Other printing cheap. Williams, 83, Aurora, Ind. 1,000 Letterheads, Envelopes, Cards, $3.00 postpaid. 500, $2.25. Samples Free. Artservis Press, 66 Houghton, Worcester, Mass. “NEARGRAVURE” Process—1000 Business Cards, $1.50. Postpaid. Sollidays’, Knox, Indiana. PRINTING—Binding—Electrotyping—Color Print- ing—Complete Service—Fine Work—We Save You Money. George Foster, Manager—4342 North Robey, Chicago. PRINTING OUTFITS AND SUPPLIES PRINT your own cards, stationery, circulars, paper etc. Complete outfits $8.85; Job Presses $12, 335; Rotary $150. Print for others, big profit. All easy rules sent. Write for catalogue presses, type, paper, etc. Press Company, A-3, Meriden, Conn. Don't risk delay in protecting your ideas. Send sketch or model for instructions or write for FREE book, ‘‘How to Obtain a Patent” and ‘Record of Invention” form. No charge for information on how to proceed. Communica- tions strictly confidential, Prompt, careful, efficient service. Clarence A. O’Brien, Registered Patent Attorney, 184-K Security Bank Building (directly across street from Patent Office), Washington, D. C. (See page 143) NAMES, addressing, St.. New York. cuts. Ben Meyer, 35 West 31st PATENT Book Free. Charles W. Lovett, Patent Attorney, Lynn, Mass. ~ NAMES and addresses: (live prospects), furnished for Mail-order Sales, 20¢ per 100, 75 per 1000, Business Service Bureau, 405 Caswell St.. Smithfield, N. C. MACHINE TOOLS CONCRETE Building Block Machines and Molds, Catalogue free. Concrete Manufacturing Co., 5 N Main $t., St. Louis, Mo. SAMUEL Goldstein Registered Patent and Trade Mark Attorney—Formerly Member Examining Corps, U.S. Patent Office—Reasonable charges. 1440 Broadway, New York. “INVENTOR’S Adviser,” the valuable Patent book with 139 mechanical movements and illustrations, sent free upon request —M. 8S. Labiner, Patent Attorney, 3 Park Row, New York. C-3, MAKE photographs quickly, without plates. New COMPLETE printing outfits, presses, type, ink, paper process, saves money. Instructions $1.00. Samples supplies. Write for Catalog. Press Company, 10c. Satisfaction guaranteed. Koch's Studio, Colbran, Meriden, Conn. Colo. SAL EST —ORCHARDS PATENT ATTORNEYS HOGAN vscrane Laas = "On ti Gulf” guar- quar- — ang - y G Jes. ee PATENTS—Time counts in applying for patents. PECA? Orange-—Fig Groves “Me anteed care. Monthly payments. Big quick returns. Suburban Orchards, Dept. S, Biloxi, Miss. SALESMEN AND AGENTS WANTED r ” BIG Money Selling “Jiffy Tire & Tube Repair Kit. Contains 3 Self-vulcanizing Tire Shoes; Large Outfit Tube Patch: 3 Puncture sealers, everything complete. Sells to every auto owner and Accessory Dealer. Agents average $80 to $160 weekly. We also manufacture Na tionally known ‘‘Jiffy Tire-Doh.”’ Exclusive territory and free samples. Chicago Tire Patch Co., 347-65 hb. 55th St., Chicago, Ill. CAN you beat this money making line? Big variey of shirts, including silks, with a splendid line of un oe mad? work and flannel shirts, overalls, coveralls, Wore pants, play suits, all guaranteed. Sell direct to wens full or spare time. No experience required. Write day for FREE Selling Outfit, Nimrod Shirt Co., Dept. 25, 4922-24-26-28 Lincoln Ave., Chicago. 0.C. Miller Director of Extension March, 1926 Work uw, ee Oa ae specifi one st montk benefi _ =r omppersrcErZz

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March, 1926 0.C. Miller F° Director of Extension Work Will Make This Con- tract With Your Name Here When you enroll for our home-train- ing in Drafting, we agree to give you: 1, Complete Drafting training, by the new Practice-Method. 2. Professional Drafting Outfit, as illus- trated. We will help you get a good Draft- ing position at a substantial increase in pay, 4. or we’llrefund every cent of your money. AMERICAN SCHOOL =the Million Dollar Educational Institution, as Director of Extension Work The American School, a million dollar No-Profit Educational Institution, now offers month, you are now assured of definite benefits, both in position and salary. FREE Job Service The American School now offers its students and graduates, Ww eager cost, the serv- ices of an ef- ficient Employ- ment Depart- ment which keeps in touch with the em- : loyers of Draftsmen all over theUnited States. We - have placed hun- dreds of men in ood Drafting positions. We have made this training so complete,so practical, so easy to mas- ‘iter, that our ‘|students are bound to make good. And, so, because the §§ demand for § real Drafts- men continues to exceed the sup- ply and because this training actually pre- _— men for good My training prepares you tor these positions. ne rafting positions, Ey we back it with a Free a Employment Service, Director | free to employers, stu- a Hew before has the woria Gems: Sraduaies. Extension Work tom of today. "And this ‘has Dept. D-375 enormous demand real Draftamen’ capable of ede ns calcilating orig- will prepare you fo on of these fine positions at tome, in your spare time. Draftsmen Make $60 to $125 a Week Win Success Thru Drafting men & mae Rey ey for a Drafting is easy, faset- who specialize in Machine Design, or specific job, then finding the job. For ee Wieaue An ica fting, or Architectural Draft- one small price, on terms of only $5 a hours. Big pay. And Electrical Drafting, or A . the Draftsman is al- ways in line for pro- motion to execu- tive positions. This training is com- plete. It includes high-school subjects af you need them) O.C.MILLER, AMERICAN SCHOOL To Prove You Can Learn at Home in Spare Time We have invented a new, simplified way to teach Drafting—the first real improvement in Drafting home-instruction in history. We want you to see it, try it—without one penny of cost or obligation. We want to show you how we get away from the copying methods used in the past. you think, solve problems, do actual drafting room jobs from the first lesson. See how we make 70,000 fine jobs advertised last year. Get ready to fill one. Get out of the rut. Make something of your- self. Plan your future in Drafting. Even if you have only common schooling, even if you know nothing of Drafting, we guarantee to make you a real Draftsman or to refund your money! Special surprise offer right now to the first 500 men who answer this ad —reduced price, easy terms. Coupon brings complete information. A New, Rapid, Simplified Training Copying drafting lessons prepares you to be Elec only a “tracer.” This-new “Job- -Method” eral gives you actual drafting-room jobs in a new one-step-at-a-time way. With pictures which you can understand almost without reading the “lessons.’”’ And that is why American School-trained Draftsmen can qualify for a good job at big pay when they graduate. 5 Big-Pay Branches The big money in Drafting goes to men tricity needs Draftsmen who know trical principles in addition to gen- Drafting practice. I give you this ning ing, or Structural, or Automotive. It calculate and design.and plan original work. You need many Engineering sub- jects to fill the kind of a Drafting position that pays $60 to $125 a week. The Amer- ican School now includes this specialized train- ing in its Drafting course. Coupon Brings 3 Lessons FREE! Get them. Test your own ability to learn Drafting and get ready for a fine job and big pay. Coupon also brings sur- prise offer, and complete infor- mation about your oppor- tunities for success in Draft- ing. MAIL IT TODAY! Draftin offere d d for Draftsme ‘peri d isn’t enough mer rely to know general ir Sttucturai Steel and Conerete work is 8. arge structures re Drafting practice. You must know how to _ Draftsmen who can calculate and design the steel and concrete frame-work. Many a open, enormous salaries «Every great Auto factory employs See who specialize in Automotive ork. Men who design bodies, men who can plan and calculate engines, trans- missions, automatic machinery, etc. Lessons AC a i REE! | Complete Costly Draft- ing Outfit GIVEN Fine, imported instruments like these help you learn Drafting quickly and easily. These standard quality, full size instruments, board, ta- ble, triangles, T square, ink, protractor, etc., given with- Dept. D-375, Drexel Ave. & prove I can become a real time. out extra charge to every Name Seeeceeceeseoesooces student. ‘ SPIES os i ocevaces ws ovaleratons Drexel Ave. and sired No 58th St., Chicago Ns ae ; Rush 3 Free Drafting Lessons, offer, Complete information, Money back ( Oo. C. MILLER, Director Extension Work, .AMERICAN SCHOOL, 58th St., Chicago Job Service Guarantee suarantee, to draftsman at home in spare

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SALESMEN AND AGENTS WANTED March, 19%, SALESMEN AND AGENTS WANTED SALESMEN AND AGENTS WANTED AGENTS-—Write for free samples. Sell Madison *‘Better-Made”’ Shirts for large Manufacturer direct to wearer. No capital or experience required. Many earn $100 weekly and bonus. Madison Co., 566 Broadway, New York. AGENTS—Clever invention! Inkspoon makes every pen a fountain per. Fast office seller, big profit, demand increasing everywhere. Exclusive territory offered. Sample free. H. Marui Company,Tribune Blg., New York. INSTANT Weld—Repairs large punctures without cement or heat. Lenn’s profit one day $56. Write quick. Free sample. Territory going fast. Tourist’s Pride Mfg. Co., Desk R, Minneapolis, Minnesota. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells “‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.””. You'd like to know wouldn't you? Address your inquiry to: Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. GET our free sample case toilet articles, perfumes and specialties. Wonderfully profitable. La Derma Co.. Dept. F., St. Louis, Missouri. WASH Clothes the new way. Use the Torrent Auto- matic Washer. You will be delighted. Special offer to one in each locality. Storm Royalty Co., 3614 Enright Ave., St. Louis, Mo. 300% PROFIT Selling Mitchell’s Magic Marvel Washing Compound. Men and women clearing hundreds weekly. Wonderful seller. Big repeater. Nature’s mightiest cleanser. Free sample. L. Mitchell, Drawer 1308, E. 61st Street, Chicago. ° AGENTS. $60—$200 a week. Genuine gold letters for store windows easily applied. Free samples. Liberal offer to general agents. Metallic Letter Co., 434-A. N. Clark, Chicago. GET our plan for monogramming automobiles, trucks, hand luggage and all similar articles by transfer method, experience unnecessary; exceptional profits. Motorists’ Accessories Company, Mansfield, Ohio. POLMET POLISHING CLOTH cleans all metals. Selis fast at 25c. Sample free. F. C. Gale, 15 Edinboro St., Boston. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells ‘‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.”’ You'd like to know, wouldn’t you? Address your inquiry to: Manager, Clas- sified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. SELF-THREADING Needles find sales in every home. Fine side line; easily carried; big protits; sample free. Lea Brothers, 147 East 23rd St., New York. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of.the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.’”’ It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells ‘“‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Protitably."” You'd like to know wouldn't you? Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Ave., New York. TAKE orders for coffee, sugar, flour, meats, canned goods, staple groceries, also paints, radio sets, tires, auto and tractor oils. No capital or bond required. We deliver and collect. Permanent business. Big pay. Write at once. Hitchcock-Hill Co., Dept. 81, Chicago. ~ BAN Make $50.00 BANKRUPT and Rummage Sales. daily. We start you, furnishing everything. Distributors Dept. 34, 609 Division, Chicago. AGENTS—Steady income. Large manufacturer of handkerchiefs and dress goods, etc., Wishes representative ineach locality. Factory toconsumer. Big profits, honest goods. Credit given. Send for particulars. Freeport Mfg. Co., 24 Main St., Brooklyn, N. Y $10 DAILY silvering mirrors, plating and refinishing lamps, reflectors, autos, beds, chandeliers by new method. Outfits furnished. Write Gunmetal Co., Ave. F, Decatur, Llinois. AGENTS—Best seller; Jem Rubber Repair for tires and tubes; supersedes vulcanization at a saving of over 800 per cent; put it on cold, it vuleanizes itself in two minutes, and is guaranteed to last the life of the tire or tube; sells to every auto owner and accessory dealer. For particulars how to make big money and free sample, ad- dress Amazon Rubber Co., 504 Amazon Building, Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania. SELLS for $9.75. Prints ad on wrapping paper, envelopes, etc. $4.00 commission. Send 10c for sample work. -Automatic Ad-Stamper, Joplin, Mo. LIGHTNING Electrolyte. Charges storage batteries instantly. Guaranteed not to injure battery. Gallon costs 50c sells $10.00. Chance to clean up fortune selling to garages and agents. Makeit yourself. Guaran- teed formula $5.00. Write for free circulars. Murphy, Chemist, Tujunga, Calif., Box-K. AN UNUSUAL opportunity—Earn $75.00 weekly and bonus taking orders for Nustile guaranteed Hosiery. Sample outfit furnished. Full or spare time. Write now. The Nustile Company, Dept. 4-12, Philadelphia, Pa. SUCCEED With Your Own Products—Make them yourself. Formulas, Processes, Trade-Secrets. Modern ares ieee Catalog free. C. Thaxly Co., Washing- ton, > OVER 1102 profit, self-lighting gas and cigar lighters: Everybody interested; repeat business. Sell individuals, dealers, subagents. Particulars free. S. M. Bernhardt, 148 Chambers St., New York. SELL “Everyday Greeting Cards.” Boxed. 35% commission. Soliciting folder, 10c. Wolfprint, Lawndale, Philadelphia. BUILD splendid business making chipped glass number and name plates. Particulars free. Simplex Co., Dept. 83, 1133 Broadway, New York. $20 DAILY selling VER-I-EZY Men's shoes direct. Sell relatives, friends, neighbors first. Low priced. Give real comfort, long service. You take orders, keep big commission. We ship and collect. Full or part time. Write NOW. Easy-wear Shoe Company, Dept. 233 Indianapolis, Ind. WHY Buy Other’s Goods? Start your own Profitable business making them. Free Valuable Literature, ex- plains all including Chemist's Lists Guaranteed Reliable Money Making Formulas. All Lines. No ‘Master Formulas” junk or ‘“‘dollar’’ recipe-book trash. Miller, Chemist, 1706-Jetton-R, Tampa, Florida. SALESMEN: Write your name and address on a card and mail to us. We'll show you sure earnings of $20.00 a day. Will you risk one minute and a one-cent stamp against $20.00? Mind you, we say we'll show you. Address Sales Manager, 850 W. Adams St., Dept. 803, Chicago, Ill. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells *“‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.”” You'd like to know, wouldn't you? Address your inquiry to: Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Ave., New York. AGENTS WANTED—Something new—Fyr-Fyter sells easily. Makes a spectacular demonstration; car owners, homes, factories, stores, practically buy on sight. Our men make $10 to $50 a day. Exclusive territory to producers. If you wish to establish a business of your own with unlimited possibilities for making big money, write us today. Fyr-Fyter Co., 999 Fyr-Fyter Bldg., Dayton, Ohio. FREE: A beautiful 5 tube tuned radio frequency receiver, to the first manin each community who answers this ad within 10 days. Write now for particulars. A nationally advertised loud speaker will be sent free every Monday morning for the first letter opened. E. Parker, Putnam St., Peabody, Mass. AGENTS sell Alward’s Egyptian Dream Incense for quick sales and big profits. Send for wholesale price list with free sample. Teichert Incense Co., 2402 Bronson Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. LIGHTNING storage battery compound. discharged batteries instantly. Elhminates old method entirely. Gallon free to agents. Lightning Co., St. Paul, Minn. WONDERFUL INVENTION! — Eliminates phono- graph needles. Preserves records. Abolishes scratching. 14,000,000 prospects. $20 daily. Supply in pocket. Sam- = on approval if requested. Everplay, Desk, G-3, McClurg Bldg., Chicago. NEWEST INVENTION! Sells every office, home, store. Automatically eoils telephone and iron cords. Abolishes snarls and kinks. Great time and temper saver. $25 daily. Samples for test if desired. Never- knot, Dept. 3-9, MeClurg Bldg., Chicago. ACTIVE men and women wanted as distributors and sales managers. Exclusive territorial rights. Pays 150 to 250 per cent profit. Darn E-Z Laboratories, Department P.S., Dayton, Ohio. $100 WEEKLY—Pleasant Work: Appointing local agents to introduce Mother Hubbard Foods: no can- vassing; no delivering; no money invested. Mother Hubbard, 556 Congress, Chicago. AGENTS: $65 to $100 a week. High grade all wool suits made to measure $25 and $30. Biggest commission in advance. Money back guarantee. Free sample outfit. Write C. G. Ferrin, Mgr., Box 1097, Chicago. AGENTS make $100 week§gplacing advertising Cigar Lighters with glass front. ‘Every dealer wants one. Write for free plan.- Drake Mfg. Co., Dept. P, Mil- waukee, Wis. $20 PROFIT daily selling needlebooks; costs 3-5e each; sells 25c. value 50c. Three samples 25c. Catalogue —. Needlebook Specialty Co., 661 Broadway, New ork. Charges AGENTS. New Selling Plan! $1.25 premium free to every customer on a $2.00 sale, consisting of 8-oz. Vanilla, 6-oz. Shampoo, 4-0z. Lemon Lotion. A big hit everywhere. Complete details free. Territory going fast. Write today. The C. I. Togstad Company, Dept. 19-C, 29 South Clinton St., Chicago, Il. FREE Booklet describes 52 plans for making $20.00 to $100.00 weekly in home or office business of your own. Downs Co., 2330 Myrtle, St. Paul} Minn. A BUSINESS of your own. Make and sell chipped giass name and house number plates, checkerboards, 8 gns. Booklet FREE, E. Palmer, Dept.513, Wooster,Ohio. REPLATE brassy worn-off automobile parts. Re- flectors. Bathroom fixtures, worn spoons, forks, etc., with pure silver. Look like new. Use U-Kan-Plate Polish. Positively no mercury. $1.00 half pint. Post- yaid. Satisfaction guaranteed. Agents wanted. j-Kan-Plate Co., Dept. B. Philadelphia. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells ‘“‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.”” You'd like to know, wouldn't you? Address vour inquiry to: Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular Scienee Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. ONE CENT!! Post Card from You Brings free solid gold stud offer to Agents. Rajah Rainbow Gem Deceives experts. Rainbow Gem Co., Dept. F-10, Salisbury, N. C. NO dull times selling food. People must ea. Federal distributors make big money; $3,000 yearly and up. No eapital or experience needed; guaranteed saies: unsold goods may be returned. We furnish you with license. Your $20.00 starting order sent on trust. FREE SAMPLES tocustomers. Repeat orders sure; Exclusive territory. Ask now! Federal Pure Food Co., L-2311 Archer, Chicago. DISTRICT salesman for union made, hand tailored, all wool suits and overcoats at $23.50. Prefer married man with sales experience. $35 weekly to start. Apply N. A. Harvey, Mgr., Box 00, Chicago. SELL BY MAIL! Big Profits! Books, Formulas, Novelties, Bargains. Particulars Free! Elfco, 523 South Dearborn Street, Chicago. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells ‘“‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.”” You'd like to know wouldn't you? Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. BIG money and fast sales. Every owner buys gold initials for his auto. You charge $1.50; make $1.35. Ten orders daily easy. Write for particulars and free samples. American Monogram Co., Dept. 47, East Orange, New Jersey. ARE you old at forty? See our advertisement on page 138 of this issue. The Electro Thermal Company, 4055 Main, Steubenville, Ohio. BRING Home the Bacon selling Stuart's famous Food Flavors. Quick sellers. Big profits. Write for free sample and terms. C. H. Stuart & Co., 6568 Main, Newark, New York. GET INTO BUSINESS FOR YOURSELF Make storekeeper’s profits without storekeeper’s troubles. We'll show you how. In fact, we'll put you into business, furnish everything you need, train you, carry stock for you without your investing a penny. We'll work with you until we’ve made you a success. We have done it for others. We'll do it for you—provided you are honest, ambitious and willing to work hard. If you are, write us. You'll hear from us at once with FACTS. Address Dept. 201, GOODWEAR Chicago, Inc., 844 West Adams St., Chicago. WE pay $200 Monthly Salary, furnish car and o — to = roduce “" aay gee poultry and stork powders, cleaner, etc. gler Company, X3 field, Illinois. Y, X371, Spring. WORLD'S Largest Neckwear Manufacty Agents. Remarkable opportunity. Immediate cova sions 324%. Advance Styles, complete line. Great values. Beacon, 3511 Beaconwear Bldg., Boston, a LIVE wire Salesmen wanted—only thoroughly perienced specialty men need apply who will give Se time calling on small town dealers. New merchandisj sales plan good for better than one hundred and fit: dollars weekly. Give your experience and Previous line sold in first letter for preferred attention. An abundan : of opportunity for reliable, honest men. For Dan ticulars write P. O. Box 2619, Boston, Mass. . IMMENSE Profits Silvering Mirrors aq Plating like new, brassy worn-off autoparts, a tableware, stoves, refinishing metalware, etc. We train you. Plans FREE. Sprinkle, Plater, 96, Mario Indiana. ™ AGENTS: $11.80 daily in advance (Send for sworn proof) Introducing New Insured Hosiery. 57 Styles, 49 colors, guaranteed seven months. No capital or expe rience required. You simply take orders. We deliver and collect (or you can deliver, suit yourself) Credit given. PAY YOU DAILY, monthly bonus _ besides Spring line now ready. We furnish samples. Spare time will do. Macochee Textile Company, Card 1523 Cin- cinnati, Ohio. : BIG Money monogramming autos, trunks, bags, ete Make $20 to $25 daily. No experience needed. Samples, 7 mea free. Acme Products. 905 Broad, Newark, AGENTS—No canvassing, No Delivering, No Money Invested, Pleasant Work, Big Money, Appointing Local Agents to Introduce Welcome Foods. Welcome Prod- ucts, 326 Harvey, Illinois. 300% PROFIT. Quick Seller: ple Free. Chicago. Fast Repeater. Sam- ‘“Bestever Products, 1946-N, Irving Park, AGENTS. Amazing New Fire Gun. Brings $4 to $50 profit per sale. Beginners and experienced men make $100 to $300 week, spare and full time. Write for cash bonus and FREE sample outfit offer. Weldon Manu- facturing Co., Dept. B-702, Grand Rapids, Mich. WE pay S48 a week, furnish auto and expenses to introduce our Soap and Washing Powder. Buss-Beach Company, Dept. A48, Chippewa Falls, Wisc. AGENTS—Stamping names on Pocket Key Pro- tectors; sample check with your name and address, 25c. Stamping Outfits, Emblem Checks, Check Fobs, Name Plates. Hart Mfg. Co., Desk 2—305 Degraw St. Brooklyn, N. Y. Sales Manager for largest Eastern Tailoring House, To secure direct sales force. Superior line $29.50 up. Extra trousers free. Large commissions. N. E. Whole- sale Tailors, Harrison Ave., Boston, Mass. DISTRICT MANAGER—Largest New England House. Suits, overcoats $23.50 factory to wearer. Largest commissions. Possibilities $5000 up. Boston Wholesale Clothing, 47 Beach, Boston. TAILORING Salesmen. Largest line made to order union label suits, overcoats. Special! Suit or overcoat $24.50. Extra trousers free. Commissions $4—$8 every sale. Big sales outfit free. Scott System, 597 W. Wash- ington St., Boston, Mass. A PAYING Position Open to — of charac- ter. Take orders shoes-hosiery direct to wearer. Good income. Permanent. Write now. Tanners Shoe Mfg. Co. 1-412 C. St., Boston, Mass. YOUR trade uses salesboards. Make up to $35 on single sale. Largest, lowest priced line. No samples to carry. Elaborate 3 color catalog free. Lincoln Sales Co., Dept. G, 9 So. Clinton, Chicago. EDMUND REH & CO., Inc. Wholesale tailors are now making all wool cut and tailored to measure suits to sell at $24.75. Entire line one price, worsteds, cashmeres, cheviots, tropical weights, topcoatings, sport suits, choice of 30 style fashions at $24.75. The outstanding value in popular price tailoring of this age, that will meet any legitimate competition. Liberal commissions, cash bonuses. We are interested only in men who make direct selling a business, part or full time. For further information write EDMUND REH & CO., Inc. Dept. DD., 415 So. Wells, Chicago. For steady pleasant income sell old reliable herb medicine. Full time or side line. Makes friends and boosters everywhere. Extra fine commissions. Free box and agency terms. Write Bassett’s Native Herbs Company, Established 1879, Dept. L. Columbus, Ohio. MAKE Money, silvering mirrors, refinishing auto headlights, tableware; metal plating, bed steads, chan- deliers. Outfits furnished. International Laboratories, Dept. 64, 309 Fifth Ave., New York. MAIL ORDER and Agency propositions, including large imprint catalog FREE. ruitt Publishing Co., Station E-6, Kansas City, Mo. SALESMEN and Agents: Write for big, Money- Making offer selling Suits and Overcoats. Made to Measure; easy sales. Preuss Tailoring Co., 305 5th Ave., New York City. a SALESMAN calling on garage and repair shops to sell new patented_universal socket wrench. Every me- chanic needs it. Write for particulars. York Wrench Co., 2413 N. Ashland Ave., Chicago. A LARGE Hosiery concern wants responsible men and women as local Representatives working spare time. Big success. Write for details. Jennings Co. Dept. 432, Dayton, Ohio. EVERY Autoist will buy Auto Mitten Dusters. Costs 25¢; sell for 75¢. National Fibre Broom Co., St. Louis, Mo. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting: and valuable to you. It also tells ‘“‘How You Can . Popular Science Monthly Profitably.”” You'd like to kno! > wouldn't you? Manager, Classified Advertising, Popula: Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. AGENTS—Make a dollar an hour. Sell Mendets, 8 patent patch for instantly mending leaks in all utentey Sample package free. Collette Mfg. Co., Dept. ’ Amsterdam, N. Y. r EARN $10 daily silvering mirrors, plating and te finishing metal ware, headlights, chandeliers, bedsteads. Outfits furnished. F. Decie Laboratories, 1133 Bro way, New York. March, » Si —_—_— AGEN silks, dre drapery § No inves commissi Dept. PS BE oe rders commis! — olieiting R MeN [MAI Free par Maine. AGEN ete. wis etc., W turer di Whole 0 particul: Bidg., ¢ bids.» = MR. . “Quick- some re: and valt Popular know, W Classific Fourth MAG Free sa! Co., 107 ’ oes gi

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- wl ee aoe.) ee ae. . March, 1926 SALESMEN AND AGENTS WANTED “x~TS—Our newly assembled 1926 Spring line of bares goods, wash goods, curtain materials and 2 ery fabrics is larger and more complete than ever. draprivestment or experience required. Collect liberal commission in cash as you go along. Write for details. Dept. Ps-3 International Home Fabrics Co., 235 Fourth ‘Ave., New York. Bh your own boss. Built permanent business. ‘Take orders men’s—boys’ tailored suits—$13.95—$22.50—$4 commission. Fre. outfit. Fashion Clothing, 2654-P Lake, Chicago. inging doorbells. I made $800 monthly, no sotbuting, no goods to buy. Why not you? Details free. R. MeNown, 319 Wilkinson, Omaha, Neb. IT MADE $200 weekly Selling By Mail; began with 35. Free particulars tells how. Peerless Service, Waterville, Maine. AGENTS—Steady Income. Large manufacturer of soaps, perfumes, toilet articles and pure food products, ete., Wishes representatives in each locality. Manufac- turer direct to consumer. Big profits. Honest goads. Whole or spare time. Cash or credit. Send at once for particulars. American Products Co., 5788 American Bidg., Cincinnati, Ohio. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” 1t contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells ‘‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.”’ You'd like to know, wouldn't you? Address your inquiry to: Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. MAGIC Polishing Cloth—Great seller. Big Profit. Free sample to workers. Get this proposition. Newton Co., 107 Main St., Newark, New York. STAMMERING S8T-TUT-T-T-TERING and stammering cured at home. Instructive booklet free. Walter McDonnell, 59 Areade, 1126 Granville Avenue, Chicago, Ill. STAMPS AND COINS 50 DIFFERENT stamps free to approval applicants. Rubin Huffman, 405 Pennsylvania Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. 1000 DIFFERENT stamps only 75c; from Armenia, Iceland, Zanzibar, etc., to approval applicants only. Bargain lists free. Victoria Stamp Co., London, Canada. CALIFORNIA gold 8% size, 2.¢.; $¥% size, 53e. White cent and catalogue, 10c. Norman Schultz, Colorado Springs, Colorado. STAMPS, 105 China, ete., 2c. Album (500 illustrations) 8c. Bullard, Station AA, Boston. UNITED STATES—55 different (special issues, etc.), 10¢; Borneo Rhinoceros and 105 different, Foreign, Hinges etc., 10e. Moseley, 4521 Parkview, St. Louis, Mo. STAMPS, 100. All different, 3 cents. Lists free. P S. Quaker Stamp Co., Toledo, Ohio. 1,000 DIFFERENT stamps, $1.00. Fred Onken, 630 79th Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. OLD Coins. Large Spring Selling catalogue of coins for sale free. Catalogue quoting prices paid for coins, ten cents. William Hesslein, 101B Tremont Street, Boston, Mass. ZAMBESIA, Zanzibar, Abyssinia, Travancore, Herze- govina, Stamps, Menagerie Collection, Album, 10c. Liberty. 3974 Arsenal. St. Louis, Missouri. 1,000 MIXED U. 8S. and Foreign Stamps 25c. Phil Lundsted. Cape Cottage, Maine. STAMPS Free—Ask for money-saving approvals. John K. Borresen, Cedar Falls, Iowa FREE! 12 scarce Azerbaijan to approval applicants. Pennsylvania Stamp Co., Manor, Pa. 30 all different unused stamps to approval applicants 6c. A bargain. W. H. Peck, Penryn, California. TYPEWRITERS AND SUPPLIES TYPEWRITERS: all makes; lowest prices; 5 year guarantee; send for illustrated catalogue. Henry Typewriter Co., 217 West 125 Street, New York, N. Y. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells ‘‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.” You'd like to know, wouldn't you? Address your inquiry to: Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. WANTED DETECTIVES needed everywhere. Experience un- hecessary. Particulars free. Write, George’ Wagner, former Government Detective, 1968P Broadway, N. Y. WANTED—Representatives in every factory in the United States. Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Ave., New York. hey Called MeaHuman Clam’ But I Changed Almost Overnight S I passed the President’s office I could not help hearing my name. Instinc- tively I paused to listen. ‘That human clam,’’ he was saying, ‘‘can’t represent us. He’s a hard worker, but he seems to have no ability to express himself. I had hoped to make him a branch manager this fall, but he seems to withdraw farther and farther into his shell all the time. I’ve given up hopes of making anything out of him.” So that was it! That was the reason why I had portant high-salaried jobs, men who can dominate others—men who can make others do as they wish. It is the power of forceful, convincing speech that causes one man to jump from obscurity to the presidency of a great corporation; another from a small, un- important territory to a salesmanager’s desk; another from the rank and file of political workers to a post of national im- portance; a timid, retiring, self-conscious man tochange almost over night into a popular and been passed over time and again when promo- tions were being made! What 15 Minutes a Day Will Show You How to talk before your club or lodge much applauded after-din- ner speaker. Thousands have accomplished just such amazing things That was why I was just a plodder—a truck horse for our firm, capable of doing a lot of heavy work, but of no use where bril- liant performance was re- quired. I was a failure unless I could do what seemed impossible—learn to use words forcefully, effectively and = convinc- ingly. In 15 Minutes a Day And then suddenly I How to address board meetings How to prepose aad zespond to toasts How to a a political speech How to tell entertaining stories How to make after-dinner speeches How to converse entertainingly How to write letters How to sell more goods How to train your memory How to enlarge your vocabulary How to develop self-confidence How to acquire a winning personality How to strengthen your will-power ambition How to become a clear, accurate thinker How to develop your power of concen- tration How to be the masier of any situation through this simple, easy, yet effective training. Send for This Amazing Book This new method of training is fully de- scribed in a very inter- esting and informative booklet which is now being sent to everyone mailing the coupon at right. This book is called How to Work Wonders $100 in Cash Prizes For the best letter of 150 words or less answering the question—“What adver- tisement in the ‘Money Making Oppor- tunities’ Section interests you most and why?” First read every advertisement in the “Money Making Opportunities” Section on pages 128 to 158. Pick out the one that interests you most and write a letter not exceeding 150 words tell- ing. us why you find the advertisement you have selected the most interesting. See page 4 for last month’s prize win- ning letters and additional information about this contest. eee discovered a new easy method which made me a ; powerful speaker almost overnight. I learned how to bend others to my will, how to domi- nate one man or an audience of thousands. Soon I had won salary increases, promotions, popularity, power. Today I always have a ready flow of speech at my command. I am with Words. Init you are shown how to conquer stage fright, self-conscicusness, timidity, bashfulness and féar—those things that keep you silent, while men of lesser ability get what they want by the sheer power of convincing speech. Not onty men who have made millions but thousands have sent for this bbook— and are unstinting in their praise of it. You are told how to bring out and develop your priceless ‘ ‘hidden knack’’—the natural gift within you—which will win , for you advancement in position and sal- able to rise to any occasion, to meet any emergency with just the right words. And I accomplished all this by developing the natural power of speech possessed by everyone but cultivated by so few—by simply spending 15 minutes a day in the ary, popularity, social standing, power and NOW real success. You can obtain your copy SENT FREE absolutely free by sending the coupon. NORTH AMERICAN INSTITUTE privacy of my own home, on this most fascinating subject. * * There is no magic, no trick, no mystery about becoming a powerful and convincing talker. You, too, can con- quer timidity, stage fright, self-conscious- ness and_ bashful- ness, winning advancement in salary, popularity, social standing, and success. Today business demands for the big, im- #73601 Michigan Ave., Dept. 1363, Chicago, Ill. North American Institute, E 3601 Michigan Ave., Dept. 1363, £ Chicago, IIlinois. z Please send me FREE and without obli- 4 gation my copy of your famous book, How 4g to Work Wonders With Words ¢ a Rea CRS ine A ixucioe aids ooo tae wears ala Waites 1 4 DAL OSS hs ii adv iaicral Pidiel aie.alalis eecdste ws Ss 4 i a eee ae sha cia IUGR. cao wets ; SESE SB SESE SB HES SESS SE SESS SE See ee ees

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h March, 19, Marc

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ee Grand Prize Awards Wil] Appear Next Month N NEXT month’s issue will appear the‘names of winners of Grand Prizes in our great $10,000 “What’s Wrong” con- test. The awards, totalin $6,000, include a First Grand Prize of $2,500; a Second Prize of $1,000, a Third Prize of $500, and 305 lesser prizes. Watch for the A pril issue, pub- lished March 10. Co

0 Food for Thought Necessary y OR thought, you need food. This is gei indicated by an interesting series of o experiments recently carried out by J. A. tld Glaze of the University of Chicago. He tested three persons, two men and one to? woman, who had gone from 10 to 33 days with no nourishment but water. to find Wi out whether or not they could do clearer thinking on an empty stomach. In five tests out of seven, their mental oS efficiency, he found, decreased during the fast. After the fast was over, however, cuss' and food taken again, the subjects seemed well to have greater mental activity. —w During the first week of fasting, the

a 4 > teres subjects felt weak, but after that they re- E gained strength. ; kno tage 2 o eas Recent Publications si son The Origin, Nature and Influence of afte Relativity, by George David Birkhoff. prot Six university lectures that give a clear to t basis for understanding a revolutionary T and perhaps you, like other am- is a profession begging for clean-cut, earnest 7. a Macmi anv. bitious men, due to the lack of money, men, like yourself! Look into it 60,000 theory a ig millan nag —" to ¢ time and education necessary to master Moler graduates know Modern Barbering War Weather J agnettes, Vv Alexander it] difficult mechanical trades, wonder what is easy to learn, inexpensive, quicker to MeAdie. How weather influenced the wi you can get into quickly and make the most earn, clean and FASCINATING! _ It pays , “i . ae we ing out of, now! Haven't you overlooked the better than you think! FIND OUT! world war—how ylizzards an mists very thing you are looking for? For there Write for booklet C3. defied the finest of strategy. Tlustrated. knc Address the branch of the MOLER SYSTEM OF COLLEGES nearest you The Macmillan Company. tho (Street address not needed) Surveying for Everyone, by A. Francon Chicago, Ill. Detroit, Mich. Memphis, Tenn. Los Angeles, Calif. Williams. How to measure and map land. New York, N. Y. Denver, Colo. Dallas, Tex. Salt Lake City, Utah Simple instructions for lay readers as St. Louis, Mo. New Orleans, La. Houston, Tex. San Francisco, Calif. ' : i ole S} ld +a Kansas City, Mo. Omaha, Nebr. San Antonio, Tex. Tacoma, Wash. well as students. The Sheldon Press. Cincinnati, Ohio Milwaukee, Wis. a Se we - “ Fundamental Concepts of Physics, by a. Oe — Seca” Paul R. Heyl, Ph.D. A discussion of the changing ideas of physics from the 18th century. Williams & Wilkins Company. A History of Engineering, by A. P. M. Fleming and H. J. Brocklehurst. An il luminating story of the development of engineering through the ages. Illustrated. A. & C. Black, Ltd. | Aeronautical Meteorology, by Willis

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March, 1926 137 li; hat do You have to say when you are with interesting people? Can you hold up your end in a general conversa- tion—or are you tongue-tied when with people? the weather has been dis- cussed and exhausted it is only the well informed man—the good talker —who can hold the attention and in- terest of his friends. Everybodyenvies a good talker. You know from experience the big advan- tage the man or woman has who is an easy, fluent talker. In every-day life men and women who have this per- sonal advantage are popular—sought after. And in their trade, business or profession they are the ones that get to the top. The valuable ability of being able to converse smoothly, naturally and with full confidence is based on hav- ing at your command a fund of knowledge that will be of interest to those you are talking to. What Worth-While People Are Talking About Today the most entertaining, the most fas- cinating subjects are those that deal with applied science—radio... aeronautics... the automobile; new discoveries in health ... evolution ... electricity. These are the subjects that intelligent peo- ple are thinking and talkingabout. These are the things the worth-while men and women of your town or city are discussing. To make it possible for you and the other thousands of men and women who feel the urge to keep up with the important things- scientists have definitely established and the new discoveries that they are making we offer you THe Pocket GuipeE To Science and 14 issues of PopuLarR Sc1ENCE MonTHLY—all for less than 12 issues of PopuLar ScrENCE Mon THLy would cost you on the newsstand. Tue Pocket Guibe To SciENcE is written in simple question-and-answer form that edu- cators have found to be the most effective way for telling the known facts on a specific subject. Inthis one brilliant book of 284 pages have been condensed all that you probably will ever want to know about science. You are assured of the accuracy of the answers in THE Pocket GuIDE TO ScIENCE, as it was edited by Dr. E. E. Free, who has a remarkable genius for condensing the known facts about the world we live in into short, easily remembered paragraphs. SPECIAL OFFER Tue Pocket GuIDE TO SCIENCE is not forsale. It is included, without any extra charge, with a 14 months’ subscription to PopuLar ScreNcE MonrTHLY. PopuLarR SciENCE MonrTHLyY “‘carries on” from where Tue Pocket GumDE To SCIENCE leaves off. THE Pocket Gupe gives you all that the scientists have discovered up to right now— Poputar SciENcE Montu y will give you all the important, interesting and new discoveries of science for the next 14 months. It takes over 300 articles and pictures every month to tell the readers of PopuLaR Science Monty all that has happened in the scientific, radio, mechanical and auto- motive fields. Your Name in Gold on THE POCKET GUIDE TO SCIENCE is bound in beautiful flexible fabrikoid. We will stamp your name in 22-carat gold on the cover of THE POC- KET GUIDE at no extra cost to you if you use the coupon below immediately. We extend to you the Special Offer of a 14 months’ subscription to POPULAR SCIENCE this Wonderful Book MONTHLY (regular price by the month would be $3.50) with THE POCKET GUIDE TO SCIENCE—all for $2.95, plus the few cents’ postage. If you are already a subscriber to POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY, we will extend your subscription 14 months if you accept this offer. SEND NO MONEY Send no money, just the coupon. If within 10 days after you receive the book and magazine you decide that you are not satisfied in every particular, you may return them, and your en- tire payment will be refund- ed promptly and without question. Could any offer be fairer? Popular Science Monthly 250 Fourth Avenue, New York I accept your offer of THe Pocket GuipE To Science and a 14 months’ subscription to Popu- LAR SCIENCE MonTHu_y. I will pay the postman $2.95, plus the few cents’ postage when he delivers the Poc- KeT Guipe and the first issue of Poputar ScrENCE MONTHLY. If the book and magazine are not fully satisfactory to me, I will return them within 10 days and you are to promptly refund my full pay- ment. Please stamp my name in gold: on the Pocket Guipe To SciENcE.

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138 The only man who could talk to the Superintendent “S00n after I began studying,” a student wrote to us the other day, “we had a change in management at our plant. I cer- tainly was glad then that I had decided to study in my spare time. For, thanks to my I. C. S. course, I was the only man in the organization who could talk to the Superin- tendent in his own language. As a result, I was promoted over men who had been here from ten to twenty years. My salary has been increased 90 per cent in the last ten months.” HAT’S a true story of what just one I. C. S. stu- dent has done. There are thousands of others. Every mail brings letters from men and women tell- ing of promotions and increases in salary due directly to spare-time study. One hour a day, spent with the I. C. S. in the quiet of your own home, will prepare you for success in the work you like best. Yes, it willf) Put it up to us to prove it. Mail this Coupon To-day me cee re ee ee ee ee es ee ee ee ee ee oe ee oe INTERNATIONA! CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS Box 7684-D, Scranton, Penna. Oldest and largest correspondence schools in the world Without cost, please tell me how I can qualify for the position or in the subject before which I have marked an X: BUSINESS TRAINING COURSES [j)Business Management (Salesmanship [ jIndustrial Management Li Advertising T}Personnel Organization (Better Letters [ } Traffic Management Show Card Lettering -] Business Law CLJStenography and Typing [ |Banking and Banking Law CiBusiness English [) Accountancy (including C.P.A.)LCivil Service [J Nicholson Cost Accounting Railway Mail Clerk [_] Bookkeeping Common School Subjects _] Private Secretary High School Subjects _j Spanish OO French Illustrating TECHNICAL AND INDUSTRIAL COURSES []Electrica] Engineering LD Architect [ jElectric Lighting LjArchitects’ Blueprints [| Mechanical Engineer Contractor and Builder | |} Mechanical Draftsman Architectural Draftsman [|Machine Shop Practice Concrete Builder [ ] Railroad Positions Structural Engineer [JGas Engine Operating Chemistry ( Pharmacy [} Civil Engineer (Automobile Work i JSurveying and Mapping Airplane Engines [_] Metallurgy OD Mining CL) Agriculture and Poultry [JSteam Engineering [J] Radio ([ Mathematics NNR 5 > ascacecesucelscaeet: vaevpesbiesei ubbsnnenteceebososvousnmbesobeeueels Street 6-26-25 NIIIIIDE. .\......cansvobeebacsonibebunsstbanscsnentbovscnsvbuccsinnstanepsosensensoeenebes cs onsncehinseneceneee NN a iscssscsecvceeecieinoomaceeneel . IE ccciviinnicnssescasdysscvesiongnessopascesaussnesevegentonnsomaeepenenal 7 If you reside in Canada, send this coupon to the Interna. tional Correspondence Schools Canadian Limited, Montreal eh \| B.S.Deqree 3 years No matter what your education or age, you’ il find a place at S. O, E. anda course to meet your needs.3 months 4 -C.and A.C. armature winding auto elec- tricity or radio courses fit you for fast advance- ment. ractical electricity in 6 months; junior electrical engineering ,eommercial electri- cal engineering or electro-technician in12 months. ‘© Electrical Engineering 8 years. Step in the lime- ranches of Ped light of success. Send for FREE 1 STRATED electricity. (= CATALOG TODAY. §CHODL? ENGINEERING o-s @F Milwaukee ,__Bept.PS-326—415 Marshall St., Milwaukee, Wis. | poing | safer and also warmer in winter. Mistakes I Made When I Built My House (Continuel from page 30) error. They are not heavy if a bit awk- ward to handle, and save time in placing and remoying. Only one has been slightly damaged in half a dozen years. All amateur builders are subject to attacks of perverted ingenuity. We have bright ideas and we execute too many of them. “It can be done!” is our motto, regardless of natural law and commercial practice. Often we win. At least we get our money’s worth in experience, and we regard our rankest failures with the in- dulgence of a parent toward his clever but wayward offspring. This is how I think of several doodads in and about our home—the automatic cistern cut-off; a device to free poultry in the morning without trudging to the henhouse; and those concrete ramps in the basement which could have been avoided by cutting a bit of foundation wall. Once I had a trapdoor from the sleeping porch to a garden tool compartment be- low. What was the object? Either it was a notion borrowed from a mystery play or there was a dim thought of convenience in winter, having snug access to this re- mote outpost of the dwelling. That trap- door is now nailed down, for I saw its advantage outweighed by the chance of a broken neck. ES, we amateurs love conveniences, especially doors that are numerous. We don’t realize that surplus openings are a nuisance, add expense and, when lead- ing outdoors, admit insects in summer and draughts in winter. Bugs enter despite a screen door, at least when you go in and out, and the best weather-stripping is not equal to solid wall. Few outer doors mean less coal and more all-year comfort. In our manse the sleeping porch has no outer access, which makes it defective as a place to entertain company—it’s plenty large for that—but we gain seclusion and free- dom from skeeters. When I added a garage to the house, the door-convenience delusion caused me to fancy a communicating portal of the self-closing type prescribed by the fire underwriters. It would have been costly and, I saw, hazardous; gas fumes could fill the basement and reach the furnace, regardless of the door’s behavior. The door was moved, on paper, all around the garage. Finally, by good luck and rea- soning, it was totally erased and sub- stituted by the main entrance of the | Our car stable is so much the The few extra steps around are never regretted. garage. GENUINE convenience-that-might- | have-been is a device for filling the ice chest from outside. Our chest in the basement sits high on concrete walls so we don’t have to stoop to open it, and there is a trap drain to remove the waste water: two merits. But we are subject to the despotic pleasure of the iceman. In hot weather we hardly dare leave home. Back from a short motor ride in summer, we find at the door a tiny Kohinoor scintillant in a pool of water, all that re- mains of a young berg the iceman left. (Continued on page 139) | | March, 19% COMMERCIAL ART Meyer Both Company, maintaining the most widely known Commercial Art Studios in the World, affers you a practical training based upon 25 years’ success in produc- ing over a quarter million drawings for leading advertisers. This attractive profession equally open to men and women. Home study in. struction. ; Get Facts Before You Enroll in Any School Send 4c in stamps for illustrated book telling of the success of our students, MEYER BOTH COMPANY, Dept. 35 Michigan Ave. at 20th St. CHICAGO, ILL. A Test Every Man Past 40 Should Make Medical authorities agree that 65% of all men past middle age (many much younger) are afflicted witha disorder of the prostate gland. Aches in feet, legs and back, sciatic pains, are some of the signs—and now, a well known American scientist has written a remark- ably interesting Free Book that tells of other symp- toms and just what they mean. No longer should a man approaching or past the prime of life be content to regard these pains and conditions as inevitable signs of approaching age. Already more than 20,000 men have used the amazing method described in this book to restore their youthful health and vigor—and to restore the prostate gland to its proper functioning. Send immediately for this book. If-you will mail your request to the Electro Thermal Company, 4055 Main Street, Steubenville, Ohio—the concern that is distributing this book for the author—it will be sent to you absolutely free, without obligation. Simply send name and address. But don’t delay, for the edi- tion of this book is limited.. Western Office, Dept. 40-X, 711 Van Nuys Bldg., Los Angeles, Calif. says L. D. Payne. made over $325 profit in one day. Slidell and Viles sold over $25,000 in2 years. G. Howard earned $100 in one day. F. E. Mendenhall worked half time and made $100 \ aweek. W. E., Findlay ran up his commissions in a few months from $100 @J to over $500 per month. Every Homes Auto Owner, Store and Factory a Live Prospect—Keeton, Howard, and others, never sold Fire Extinguishers before. Our Special training course starts you on road to success first days If now employed, we can show you_how to make big money uring spare time. No Experience Necessary. Get our new Sales Plan—find out how to make real money—write today! THE FYR-FYTER CO., 1010 Fyr-Fyter Bldg., Dayton, 0. 10,000 a year. Prepare quickly during spare time. Aliso earn while you learn. New easy method. Nothing else like it. Send at once for free book, ‘‘Opportunities in Modern Photography” and full particulars. Special offer open now. INTERNATIONAL STUDIOS, Inc. Dept., 1363 3601 Michigan Ave., Chicago, U.S. A. A SERVICE FOR YOU In Buying Radio and Tool Equipment For list of tested and approved products write to the Popular Science Institute of Standards. See Page 6. Many earn $3000 to We pa carat. excurs built, . outsid a tedi now. M' pound with storag dried- war é dropp glass concer floor | was | every After white inch mass! inch fastel a tes! I lay and pulli of we for V bolts For : a ste bolts with T he f mild serv witl was Wh ing, old in | bas tim was irol int Wo! ide ins lik the lie!

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March, 1926 as | DMOMGS7 Making Opportumitics 139 ATH Mistakes I Made When I Built My House (Continued from page 138) We pay by the pound and receive by the carat. It takes the bloom off the blithest excursion. When the house was being built, I could easily have incorporated an outside filler for the ice chest. It will be 4 tedious and expensive job to do that now. OST everybody fastens things to masonry walls with wooden plugs pounded into drilled holes. I did that with some fruit shelves in our cold storage compartment. One night the dried-out plugs let go—it was during the war and we thought the enemy had dropped an air bomb on us — crashing 150 glass jars of tomatoes and fruit on the concrete floor. Not a jar survived, and the floor looked like a slaughterhouse. There was enough broken glass to rat-proof every chicken house in our community. After this event, I built new shelves of white pine boards supported by 114 by 34 inch steel straps, each bolted to the massive floor joists above; with 2 by 4 inch bolted crosspieces, and all shelving fastened to frames with long screws. As atest of strength, my neighbor helper and I lay at full length on the new shelves, and then we demonstrated rigidity by pulling and pushing the frame. Instead of wooden plugs in masonry walls (except for very unimportant jobs) use expansion bolts or pour lead or cement in place. For an extra heavy support, as needed by a steam radiator for example, I put long bolts completely through a masonry wall with washers and nuts duly attached. The amateur builder is cheered when he finds that certain faults entail only a mild penalty or that makeshifts have served a fair purpose. Such was the case with my original plumbing system. It was sketchy, queer, but never disastrous. When the time came to have real plumb- ing, the mechanic and I agreed to let the old waste line of cement-jointed tile rest in peace beneath the cement floor of the basement. It had served. Why spend time and energy in ripping up a floor that was adamant? We just swung the new iron waste line overhead, attaching it at intervals to the floor beams. This open- work plumbing conforms to the latest ideals of the craft; it is always subject to Inspection and correction, while the owner likes to take visitors downstairs and show lief, “ Avg. wt. 12 Ibs. per ft.” RIEND Wife was doubtless right as _to closets. I won't start a debate on this subject, which is an eternal moot point between the sexes. Have to admit that we fixed up an extra curtain closet afterward. My advice to amateur build- ers is, let the wife draw the closets first, then build your house around them. The dining alcove had barely been in- vented at the time when we built. Other- Wise we might have one instead of a din- Ng-room that is used once a day and is theoretically an expensive luxury because of overhead. Think how the space we squander on a dining-room could be used to ennoble the living-room, expand the (Continued on page 140) them the cast iron inscription in bas re- ints ee a Sudden New Demand for Daring Young Men! Aviation in America is on the threshold of an amazing new devel- opment. For in the past few months gigantic commercial air lines have been established. The biggest capi- tal and business forces self to study. Only one hour of spare time a day will give you the basic training in an amazingly short time. One student, S. F. McNaughton, Chicago, says: “Your lessons are like in the world are behind this enterprise. Even in the beginning, thousands of young men are needed. For those who can qual- ify there will be highly paid jobs which will lead quickly and surely to advancement and_ suc- cess. Aeroplane nengpeee . ake ° 5,000 Big Opportunities Await the }| {2000,Per year ang yP Trained Man $40 to $65 per week Look over the fields of Prepare For One of These Positions Aeronautical Instructor $60 to $150 per week Aeronautical Engineer $100 to $300 per week Aeronautical Contractor Enormous Profits Aeroplane Repairman $60 to $75 per week Aeroplane Mechanician $40 to $60 per week Aeroplane Inspector $50 to $70 per week Aeroplane Builder $75 to $200 per week a romance, and what is more, after one reading, the student gets a thor- ough understanding. One never tires of read- ing them.” James Powers, Pa., another student, says, “I am in- deed surprised that such a valuable course can be had from such practical men for so little cost.” Men who have had actual experience in Avi- work which are open to the young man today. You will find that Aviation is the ONE FIELD that is not overcrowded—the ONE FIELD in which there is plenty of room at the top. Think of it! Only 21 years ago Orville and Wilbur Wright made the world’s first airplane flight. Now airplanes fly around the world. Yes, Aviation offers the same wonder- ful opportunities today that the auto- mobile and motion picture indus- tries did 15 and 20 years ago. Men who got in on the ground floor of those industries made fortunes be- fore others woke up. Easy to Become an Aviation Expert--$50 to $100 A Week You can qualify now quickly for one of these exciting highly paid jobs through a new, sure, easy method of training. The study of Aviation is almost as interesting as the work itself. Every lesson is fascinating and packed full of in- terest. That’s why Aviation is so easy to learn—you don’t force your- ation give you personal attention and guide you carefully through your training. They select the lessons, lectures, blue prints and bulletins. They tell you the things that are essential to your success. Every lesson is easy to read and quickly understood. Big Book On Aviation FREE Send coupon below for New Free Book just out, “Opportunities in the Airplane Industry.” It is interesting and instruc- tive and will show you many things about Aviation which you never knew before. Only a limited number offered—GET YOURS before the edition is exhausted. AMERICAN SCHOOL OF AVIATION 3601 Michigan Ave., Dept. 1363, Chicago, IIl. Qe eee eS eS eS See : American School of Aviation : g 3601 Michigan Ave., Dept. 1363, Chicago, Ill. y 8 Without any obligation, send me your Free ® § Book, ‘Opportunities in the Airplane Industry,” & & also information about your Course in Practical 8 a Aeronautics. 4 | a MONDO scars oro eleiay cond oe gers wileioters . 4 f a MMT rene hee oe ei, ree eas ee ee . a a City... .: Se eee ee ie nD et et eee eee

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QUARTS of Fire Gas from One Quart of Liquid A new kind of gun—a fire gun—amazes everyone who sees it. For when a little valve is released 500 quarts of fire- destroying gas is produced from one quart of liquid. You can actually stand 25 or 30 feet away from a fire and by directing this stream of liquid at the base of the fire it quickly smothers the flames with its blanket of gas. No Pumping This new fire gun requires no pump like old- fashioned fire extinguishers. oes not jam or get out of order in the emergency. All you do is to turn a valve and hold the gun steady. You can hit a spot no bigger than a quarter, quite different from the pump gun that is bound to weave and splatter with every stroke. Harmless, Stainless Liquid Absolutely harmless to human beings. You can turn its spray directly on furniture, rugs, dray _ :es, clothing and furnishings without even leav.ag a stain. Think what a great thing this wonderful invention makes for homes, offices, factories, schools and all other buildings. An instant protection against fire—one that is absolutely harmless and can be used by a child—one that puts out every kind of fire including celluloid, gasoline and kerosene. AGENT MAKES $131 IN ONE DAY Automobiles Furnished Producers The inventor of this wonderful gun wants sales- - men, agents and spare time workers in every part of the nation to demonstrate it and is willing to pay them well. Already thousands of these guns have been sold and other men are making $200 a week in full time and $50 to $100 a week in spare time. Besides giving you free territory and free selling outfit, the inventor of this gun will furnish to pro- ducers free automobiles so that they can cover a bigger territory and make more money. Outfit FREE %: Do not hesitate a day. This wonderful invention is doubling and tripling the earnings of other men. La Barr actually made $131 in one day. Clement made $67.70 in one*day. McPhail made $1,140.10 in four months. Even if you can only work in spare time here is a wonderful opportunity to make $5, $10 or $20 a day extra. Simply mail coupon below and you will get full details of this amazing new product and our offer to representatives. Get the coupon in the first mail. WELDON MANUFACTURING CO. Selling DEPT. 6-C GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. Le oe eee 8 ee eee ERR EE SE EE OE EE SS & i g WELDON MANUFACTURING CO. £ é Dept. 6-C, Grand Rapids, Mich. ' a Send me at once full details of your amazing new E fire gun and how I can get your free selling outfit - and free territory. I am not obligated. - DD PRRERO. -.0.00.0.0:0.00.00.0005 0006.02\00. 00 608000 00005008 % E i t a Address..... a | r E i CIEY. 2.000 cccccccsccccccccs State..... (wrheneese ' Mistakes I Made When I Built My House (Continued from page 139) bath, create a sewing-room or den, and make ample—er—closets or anything. Maybe yes and maybe not. Once in a time a dining-room is handy. Perhaps the domicile of the future will have mov- able partitions so as to telescope a dining- room into an alcove and vice versa. The amateur is prone to wed the medi- ocre to the superb: a poor roof and hard- wood floors, a fine entrance and a dubious heating system. He saves on essentials and is wasteful on details. The old rule demands, first, a good foundation and a good roof, to which might be added proper outside walls. Any shack, how- ever humble, deserves certain seeming luxuries, such as copper window screens and copper gutters and leaders for the roof; regular plumbing and an adequate heating plant. Such luxuries are cheap in the long run. ; I HAVE quit the boast that our house is burglar-proof. The claim was riddled a while ago by a nine-year-old lad who was staying with us. During our absence, the youngster swarmed up the side of the sleeping porch, opened a door, entered the kitchen and coolly burgled a cookie jar. Thus a child wrecked a strong man’s illusions. We are not burglar-proof. Our garage is my pet. In it I have realized almost all my thwarted ambi- tions to create a perfect dwelling. It is solid and snug, equipped with all neces- sary features, so fireproof that it needs no insurance. The underwriters absolve the garage of being a hazard to the house, although the two structures are separated only by a party.wall. The garage has concrete block walls and a reinforced concrete roof that is five inches thick and eleven feet in span. The roof is the main thing. It is a fine example of faith and guesswork. That slab of artificial stone weighs several tons and has no visible means of support. Not a crack, not a leak in four years! HE garage has electric light, steam heat and water, put through the base- ment party wall. A gas pump connects with a buried tank. The concrete floor slopes to a centre drain. The garage door is double-layered cypress boards, tongue-and-groove, run vertically outside and horizontally inside, fastened together with screws. No braces required; all hardware inside. It is in three triple-hinged leaves, hangs on a track above and rolls easily to lie flat against an inside wall. Such a door is never snow-blocked nor wind-banged. One of the hinged leaves gives ordinary entrance. It is a door that, with a trifle of outward ornament, would befit any castle in Spain. When depressed by flaws in the house, I go to the garage and admire it and my- self. At times the thought occurs, Why not move out of an imperfect house and live in our faultless garage? My wife says it would save housework. We would have light, heat, water and open plumb- ing. What more does anyone want in a home? March, 19% Every Morning A Smooth, Clean Shave In 30 Seconds Ask a thousand men what the morning’s most able task is and a thousand will answer, Shavings eee no wonder, when you consider how primitive mode shaving is. You scrape, pull and hack for several minute with a blade that was once sharp—the result—a om a, peo mee, a ee temper, a loss of time, ° ou can’t imagine how pleasant your morni , be until you try the new ”E CLSHO tan Electric Safety Razor. Only 30 seconds for the smooth. est, easiest shave you have ever had. Its electricaily operated blade, vibrating 7200 times a minute, is the secret of this new, scientific method of perfect shaving Many women, too, as well as men, have discovered the satisfaction of using the Vibro-Shave. Why deny yourself the pleasure of a perfect shave every morning? Use the Vibro-Shave Electric Safety Razor once and you will never want to be without it. . Send us $10.00 today, and we will send you the complete outfit, including scalp and massage attachment, fiye blades, cord and plug, attractively boxed. Your money refunded without question within ten days if you are ot satisfied. a Vibro-Shav blades last three 6 ry times as long as ordinary blades. oy Razor Products Corporation 1440 Broadway Ne Write today for 168 page FREE book , giving fullparticulars andtestimonials From undreds of grateful users whose : @ hearing has been restored by useofour ss %& “little wireless phones for theears,.” Wilson Common-Sense Ear Drums require no medicine but effectively replace what is lacking or Sefective in ithe 1 natural ear drums. They are simple devices, whic wearer easi in’ ears where they are invisible. Soft, safe and comfortable, WILSON EAR DRUM CO., Incorporated 493 T d Building LOUISVILLE, KY. HAIR GROWS! ak When our Vacuum Cap is used a few minutes daily. Sent on 60 days FREE trial at our expense. Stops falling hair and dandruff. 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oe ese eos RSak Ws PES a DAY - eX- ition 00a is at , Mo. March, 1926 141 They Fly Their Own Planes (Continued from page 19) For instance, S. H. Curlee, president of a clothing company in St. Louis, decided a few months ago to establish a flying de- partment in his organization. Roscoe Turner, a young commercial flier from Corinth, Miss., was placed in charge of experimental flying and is preparing to teach the company’s salesmen how to pilot machines. | Another business executive who has found that fying pays is Ross W. Judson, president of Continental Motors. Only a few weeks ago he purchased one of the new Fokker three-engined, 10-passenger planes and announced that he and other executives of the company would use it on trips between the plants in Detroit and Muskegon, Mich. And everyone knows, of course, of Henry Ford’s success in establishing a fleet of his planes in a passenger and freight transport system. N THE professional field we find such men as Dr. Herman J. Neubauer, a physician of Hinkley, Ill. Not long ago he bought a two-seater biplane, hired a pilot, and now makes his rural calls by air. Even the sportsman is taking to the air as Earl Sande, the great American jockey, will tell you. Not long ago, Sande climbed into the saddle of a Curtiss Oriole at Garden City and went for his first air ride. When he came down, he announced his intention of using an air- plane instead of an automobile hereafter, to make his trips between racetracks in Maryland, Kentucky, and New York. James Otis, a wealthy importer and sportsman of San Francisco, owns half-a- dozen planes, employs expert pilots and takes his recreation on airplane hunting trips into northern California. There is another side of the story, how- ever—one not so encouraging to those of us who have dreamed of flying some day from our roof tops or back yards—as I soon learned when I visited the Curtiss Field, Long Island. There I talked with C.S. Jones—* Casey,” as he is popularly known to fliers, general manager of the Curtiss Flying Service, Inc. “T don’t like to be discouraging,” said he, “but it is my opinion that airplanes will not compete with the pleasure auto- mobile. Rather, the airplane is the com- petitor of the railroad train and the motor truck. Unlike automobiles, airplanes are restricted by the necessity for flying- fields and well-equipped service stations. : AT THE present time practically all the planes we sell are purchased for com- mercial purposes, for passenger and express service, for air mail, and for aerial pho- tography. Private individuals who pur- chase machines are in the main young men who come to our aviation school. Rather than hire machines, they buy their own ‘Jennies’ for a thousand dollars or so and use them to learn how to fly. They keep them in our hangars, and usually they fly them here until the ma- chines are worn out. “Last year, about 50 of these boys bought their own planes. Some seek careers as commercial pilots; others just (Continued on page 142) _ of flying; others become Gypsy These Instruments FREE of Extra Cost All instruments shown here and others—SIX BIG OUTFITS-—sent to all our students free of extra cost under short-time special offer. Clip coupon now—find out all about this big un- equaled offer while you still have time to take advantage of it. Our training is intensely prac- tical—these instruments help you learn to do the practical work. Receiving sets, from simplest kind to thousand-mile receiver. Many other big features. My Radio Training is The Famous ‘‘Course That Pays For Itself’ Spare time earnings are easy in Radio when you know it the way we teach you. Increase your income al- most from the start of your course thru practical knowledge we give you. We show you how to hold the job, then our big Free Employment Department helps you get =. Free Book “Rich Rewards in Radio”’ tells 10W. Howard B. 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March, 19% PROTECT NVENTO RS YOUR IDEAS Before disclosing your invention send for our Evidence of Invention Blank. This should be signed and EVIDENCE INVENTION BLANK QE Jo whem it ma yp concern ¢ Also send for | HOW TO GET j bags pa ATENT Terms Reasonable RANDOLPH & CO. © WASHING TOR 2 Best References RANDOLPH & CO. Dept. 130, Washington, D.C. witnessed and returned to us with a model or cd sketch and a description of your invention for our Inspection and Instructions which are free. Our guide book ‘*How to Get Your Patent’”’ which is sent free upon request. This book includes full instructions regarding U. S. Pat- ents, Trade Marks, our Terms, Methods, etc. WRITE TODAY at your finger endS y Know the facts in Electricity. They mean_more money and better position for you. Hawkins Guides tell you all you need to know about Electricity. Every important electrical subject covered so you can understand it. Easy to study and apply. A com- plete, practical working course, in 10 volumes Books are pocket size; flexible covers. Order aset to-day to look over. HAWKINS GUIDES 3500 PAGES $1 A VOLUME 4700 PICTURES $1 A MONTH These books tell you all about — Magnetism — Induction— Experiments — Dynamos — Electric Machinery — Motors — Armatures — Armature Windings — Installing of Dynamos— Electrical Instru- ment Testing—Practical Management of Dynamos and Motors -Vistribution Systems- Wiring- -Wiring Diagrams —Sign Flashers—Storage Batteries—Principles of Alter- nating Currents and Alternators—Alternating Current Motors—Transformers—Converters— Rectifiers—Alter- nating Current Systems—Circuit Breakers—Measuring Instruments—Switch Boards—Wiring—Power Stations —Installing—Telephone—Telegraph — Wireless—Bells— Lighting—Railways. Also many Modern Practical Appli- cations of Electricity and Ready Reference Index. SHIPPED TO YOU FREE Notacent to pay until you see the books. Noobligation to buy unless you aresatisfied Send Coupon now— a —and get this great help library and see if {it is not wort $100 to you—pay $1.00 a month forten monthsor returnit. THEO. AUDEL & CO 6S W. 23rd St., N. Y, Please submit for examination Hawkins Electrical Guides (rice $1 each). Ship at once, pre- paid, the 10 numbers. If satisfactory, I agree to send you $1 within seven days and to further mail you $1 each month until paid. Occupation _ Employed by______ A i RANDOLPH & COMPANY, i ' Washington, D.C. Dept. 130. i 1. Please send me FREE OF CHARGE your } 1 Evidence of Invention blank and your guide “How b 4 to Get Your Patent.’’ . TSS Res nn e nek SME e Sr eee Ae eee ' 4 | ; EEE nian a NORE a CONRE RKE Le eee owe ceeoees : & a WG a ss socicscissccsewinaavccen BREE oss ciniccn sn ckaes i = ee ee 8 ee 8 oe Ee ee a ee Ee Ee eR SE Ee a pace Instruction 3y Mail Be a lawyer a lawyer | Mail oy iawtrained | py mat man. Qualify | is earn $2,500.00 to | 5000.00 a year. | then nt course. Endorsed by benc mg eed for bar we "business. 5 ~.- tH PERSONAL INSTRUCTION. Guaran- h free ony re graduate failing to pass cor exams. SPE og a REDUCED TUITION OFFER now in force. Write oday for particulars and book on law FREE. AMERICAN CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL OF LAW Dept. 1365 3601 Michigan Avenue, CHICAGO It’s Great to Be Strong You don’t know what it is to live until you are strong and vigorous. Un- til you have rolling, iron- like muscles, broad shoul- ders, freely expanding chest and a punch that is feared by your fellowmen —you_are not 100 per cent MAN. To be ad- mired you must be phy- sically fit. To command respect you. must have vigorous health and man- ly strength. You must have abundant energy, pep and personality. You won’t get far in this world without these qual- ifications — the good things of life are not for weaklings. Mere development of external muscles on arms, legs and body does not bring health and permanent strength. Your internal muscles must have first consideration, for these muscles must be made the foundation of all health and strength—and here is where my course of in- struction differs from all others you ever heard of. STRONGFORTISM Has Helped Thousands If you are ailing, weak, . incompetent and well-nigh hopeless, you should take heart from the fact that so many others like you, or worse, have taken up STRONGFORTISM and been rejuvenated, exhilarated, and made upstanding men again. Do not suffer weakness another day. Don't stand for constipation, cat ees an a. that I ask is that you I CAN HELP YOU write stating briefly anc clearly what troubles you. Send for my book of con- fidential information revealing how I can help you. EL STRONGFORT Physical and Health Specialist for over 25 Years Dept. 126 Newark, N. J. Seseeeseseeese paaceqecgeeaseacanes Mr. Tionef Strongfort, Dept. 126, wark, J. Please send me your wonder book emnnt ion and Conservation of Health, Strength and Mental Energy.” I enclose 1 dime (10¢) to help cover postage, wrapping, etc. CS eee eT Ter Tr ee, Seer er a AGGTOSB. 0.20000 cccecs | the needs of the average man. ' being housed in an ordinary automobile They Fly Their Own Planes (Continued from page 141) Fliers, wandering from place to place and making trips for hire; and still others learn to fly because they see a big future for aviation.” Yet, despite the limitations mentioned by “Casey” Jones, the day of air motor. ing for everybody may not be so far dis. tant. For one thing, the number of cop. venient flying-fields is increasing 9 rapidly that it will not be more than a few years at the most before practically every city and town of importance will have its own airport. HE other day, in the office of the Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce, I learned, for example, that questionnaires had been sent to some 400 American cities and towns asking them what they were doing in the way of dev eloping public flying-fields and service stations for airplanes, and offering co-operation in such development. And in every reply that had been received, it was stated that a public landing field already had been established or was being planned. The Ford Airport at Dearborn, Mich., and the recently established airport for both land and sea planes at East Boston, Mass., covering 852,000 square feet of land, are two outstanding examples. At the latter field, the Boston Airport Cor- poration right now is planning not only to provide cheap and safe aerial taxi service for the public, but also service and repair stations for individual owners of planes, There is encouragement to be seen also in the new machines—planes that are being designed more and more to meet In this connection a significant develop- ment is the light, economical baby-plane which can be housed in and flown from exceedingly limited space. In England, there have been produced midget planes measuring only 10 feet across, capable of garage, and costing only about $1,000. But an even more significant promise of giving us our own planes to fly- at least it seemed “Casey” Jones, the one He led me across the Curtiss Field, unlocked the door of a large hangar, and showed me a corner of the big: shed where rested a magnific ent little three-seater—the “Lark,” latest of Curtiss creations. | In appearance, this little ship looked much like any other plane. But in one great point it was different: it was built with interchangeable parts. In _ other | words, its upper and lower wings on both sides were all exactly alike, the same in design and dimensions. Any one of the wings could be substituted in place of any other. The same was true of its ailerons and its elevators. The purpose was obvi- ous—standardized quantity production; lower cost; cheaper maintenance. It was Henry Ford who said: at the conclusion of the successful Ford reli- ability tour last fall: “We'll put all the people into the air whenever they want to fly. Aviation is bigger 4 in possibilities than anything else in the world. In a motor car, you can g0 wherever land exists; in an airplane, you 99 can go wherever man can breathe, | = \ \\\ esses =

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| io Ai < S\N fr | ee, ' Q : Writ VE 4b » »

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PATENTS TRADE-MARKS DESIGNS FOREIGN PATENTS MUNN @& CO. PATENT ATTORNEYS Associated since 1846 with the Scientific American 683 WOOLWORTH BUILDING New York City 1311 TOWER BUILDING Chicago, Ill. 522 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN BLDG. Washington, D. C. 664 HOBART BUILDING San Francisco, Cal, 519 VAN NUYS BUILDING Los Angeles, Cal. 2+ [-— ——$<<emn 5+ 95¢- Cea] oo Books and Information on Patents and Trade Marks By Request. Associates in All Foreign Countries.

ND FOR ( ==THIS FORM» i DON’T LOSE YOUR RIGHTS TOPATENT PROTECTION f Before disclosing your invention to anyone ff To the Man With an Idea I offer a most comprehensive, experi- enced, efficient service for his prompt, legal protection and the development of his proposition. * Send sketch, or model and description, for advice as to cost, search through prior United States patents, etc. Preliminary advice glad- ly furnished without charge. send for blank form ‘EVIDENCE OF CON- ff CEPTION”’ to be signed and witnessed. A ff sample form together with printed instructions ff will show youjust how to work up your evi- il dence and establish thesame before filing ap- plication for patent. As registered patent at- torneys we represent hundreds ofinventorsall i= over the United States and_Canadain thead- i vancement ofinventions. Ourscheduleoffees ff iM willbe foundreasonable. The form “Evidence ff ia of Conception,’ sample, instructions relating }}f iy to obtaining of patents and schedule of fees ff iM sent uponrequest. Ask for them,—a postcard ff} 0. PATENTS AND, My experience and familiarity with various arts, frequently enable me to accurately ad- vise clients as to probable patentability be- fore they go to any expense. Booklet of valuable information and form for Properly disclosing your idea, free on re- quest. Write today. RICHARD B. OWEN Patent Lawyer 6 Owen Building, Washington, D. C. 41-D, Park Row New York City TRADE =MARKS » REGISTERED: A. TRADE MARKS in U. S. and Canada 274 Ouray Bldg. | | WASHINGTON, D. C. } y Originators of forms “Evidence of Conception.”

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Can a Bald Man Grow Hair? (Continued from page 22) would no sooner think of applying soap and water to their scalps than of bath- ing in concentrated sulphuric acid. Let the prosecution against dandruff account, if it can, for the fact that dan- druff affects the whole scalp but alopecia carefully selects its acreage. Furthermore, the bald spots are quite symmetrical in their distribution and growth, and it is a well established tenet in medicine that ‘when the evidences of disease are evenly distributed on the two sides of the body the cause of the trouble is almost surely systemic rather than local. HE latest theory of baldness, and the one which seems quite consistent with demonstrable facts, ought to spread joy among the countless thousands of bald- headed men. In brief, this view holds that baldness is a normal attribute of manhood. Women seldom become bald. Only masculine men are permitted to develop the alopecic insignia of their virility. Popular imagination has long recog- nized the association of early baidness with a high degree of masculinity. Many of the satyrs pictured on the Greek vases were young and bald. The time-worn joke about reserving the first row at burlesque shows for bald-headed men is not without its element of truth. The nature of the glands of internal secretion needs but little elucidation in, these days of public enlightenment. In brief, an internal secretion is one that does not pass out from the gland through a duct but escapes from the secreting cells directly into the blood. Because of the fact that the secreted substance per- meates every part of the body through the medium of the blood, it has been aptly termed a “chemical messenger.” UCH a chemical messenger is respon- sible for the development of the gen- eral characters which mark the differences between the sexes. In the male, the internal secretion results in the male type of figure, in the low-pitched voice, in the growth of a beard, and in the acquisition of masculine aggressiveness. Briefly, the new theory of baldness holds that the condition of baldness is not a disease but a normal male characteristic. The number of fake cures for baldness on the market exceeds the census of mil- lionaires in Florida. ‘Their continued existence is accounted for by the law of supply and demand: The stork supplies a new bald-headed sucker every five min- utes and the manufacturer of the alleged hair fertilizer demands his dividends pro- portionately. On the face of them, the claims made by the promoters of these nostrums are as incredible as a ten-dollar deed to the Grand Central Station. No thinking man would take the bait; but the trouble is that few men think, and those who do don’t think all the time. When hope enters by the doorway, reason flies out through the window; and when hair 3s promised to a bald man, he buys first an thinks last, if ever. (Continued on page 146)

March, 192 |) March, 191

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March, 1926 en ene ne Wis ee New York Office Suite 1007 Woolworth Bldg. a) ae Philadelphia, Pa., Office Suite 518-519 Liberty Bldg. Washington, D. C., Office Victor Bldg. TRADEMARKS COPYRIGHTS OUR OFFER: , Your first step ? Before disclosing an invention the inventor should write for our blank form ‘RECORD OF INVENTION.” This should be signed, witnessed and returned to us together with model or sketch and description of the in- vention for INSPECTION and INSTRUC- TIONS. NO CHARGE FOR THE ABOVE INFORMATION Our Four Books Mailed Free to Inventors Our Illustrated Guide Book HOW TO OBTAIN A PATENT Contains full instructions regarding U. S. Patents. Our Methods, Terms, and 100 Mechanical Movements illustrated and de- scribed. OUR TRADE-MARK BOOK Shows value and necessity of Trade-Mark Protection. Information regarding Trade- Marks and unfair competition in trade. OUR FOREIGN BOOK We have Direct Agencies in Foreign Coun- tries, and secure Foreign Patents in shortest time and at lowest cost. Progress of Invention Description of World’s Most Pressing Problems by Leading Scientists and Inventors ALL COMMUNICATIONS AND DATA STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL INTERFERENCE AND INFRINGEMENT SUITS PROSECUTED IMPORTANT TO MAKE YOUR CASE SPECIAL AND AVOID DELAY YOU SHOULD HAVE YOUR CASE MADE SPECIAL IN OUR OFFICE to secure protection, save correspondence and obtain early filing date in Patent Office. To secure special preparation of your case send $25.00 on account with model or sketch and description of your invention. Private Office, Victor J. Evans, with view of Patent Office Through Window Highest References Prompt Attention Reasonable Terms VICTOR J. EVANS & CO., Patent Attorneys Main Offices: 760-9th St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Gentlemen: Please send me FREE OF CHARGE your FREE books as described above. 5a wihhin cms as SD PA ASB ie ahs a Sai tb Sadak lade tas. i n, etawac ears : Pittsburgh, Pa., Office Suite 514 Temple Bldg. San Francisco, Cal., Office Suite 1010 Hobart Bldg.

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In the auto, tractor and electrical business George W. Smith, of Get M y wis ee ce k s. AMAZING OFFER Read this: ‘‘Dear Mac: Iam clearing more than $800 a month. I'll tell the world McSweeny training put me over.” Signed— George W. Smith. U J J. H. McSweeny, World's large operator of Auto, Tractor and Electrical Training Shops—Cincinnati, Chicago, Cleveland. I’LL PAY YOUR RAIL- ROAD FARE TO CIN- CINNATI, CLEVELAND orCHICAGO, and YOUR BOARD FOR 8 WEEKS My Special Offer includes your railroad fare and board, but you must act quickly. Men are needed. Address my nearest shops. BIG FIRMS NEED TRAINED MEN I get calls daily from successful concerns for McSweeny trained men. They know McSweeny men are shop-trained, experts on autos, tractors and motors. That’s why McSweeny men are in demand. My Here’s the big secret — scien- Traini ng tific tool-train- ing. I train you Unusual with tools, not text books, on modern equipment and in wonder- ful shops. Write at once for my remarkable short time tuition offer. McSWEENY Auto, Tractor and Electrical TRAINING SHOPS 9th & Walnut Cincinnati, O. 516 So. Laflin 1815 E. 24th St. Chicago, Ill. Cleveland, O. Gomme Sse. dpe. Gone Gm Gam. Gx Gee Ge eee Ge Ge om ee GK — eS , BS oy * weet ng, Mein , CF anopr:, CV 0 e- t mic al sh oP) 9 \ a me Youll DvD trict est Mpicas ian seO and Fe ofter m ner. yi ‘ r Wi Can a Bald Man Grow Hair? (Continued from page 144) The other day a really shrewd busi- ness man told me that he could build a house on what he had spent for “cures for baldness.”” He informed me that he is still ready to spend money to get his hair back, and I prophesy that he never will have trouble in finding someone who is ready to exchange a marvelous hair restorer for a slice of his income. Most of the alleged cures for baldness are constructed on the dandruff theory. The idea seems to be that the hair sprouts out of the skin like a bean seedling, that cakes of dandruff keep this delicate struc- ture from coming to the surface, and that the removal of the obstructing layers of dandruff is all that is necessary to allow the little hairs to shoot up as luxuriantly as a lawn after a heavy rainfall. A recipient of one method of growing hair once sought to squelch me by point- ing to a new growth of downy hair on his scalp. “That's what the treatment did for me,” he said proudly. But, six months later when I asked him if the downy growth of hair had gained strength, he had nothing to say. Speech was unneces- sary; his polished, hairless dome told the whole story. The only thing the treat- ment had grown was money in the seller’s bank account. Solutions to Tests on Pages 26 and 27 1. Star Test The method of scoring this test is to add your time measured in seconds to the number of errors you made, an error being made ‘each time your pencil crosses one of the double lines that make up the star. The average score is 97. From 46 to 97 is superior; be- tween 97 and 193 poor. 2. Concentration Test The average person detects all errors in two minutes. If you completed the test in less time than this your power of concentration is superior. If you took more than two minutes you are lacking in ability to concentrate. 3. Proverb Test a=11, b=6, c=1, d=8, e=13, f=9, g=2, h=7, i=10, j=5, k=4, 1=19, m=8. You should have completed this test in the five minutes allowed. 4. Symbol Test The average person can place the num- bers correctly in the symbols in two minutes. You can measure your adapt- ability and your power of learning new things by noting whether you com- pleted the test in less or greater time than this. 5. Letter-Number Test This test can be completed by a person of average intelligence in 144 seconds. 6. Number-Series Test You should be able to complete this test in not more than three minutes. LEARN BY DOINC Every phase of all ranches eet i y ELECTRICI taught by Actual Practice In America’s foremost and oldest institution for trad. training No Books Used Individual Instruction Start Any Day Write for FREE 64-page catalog THE NEW YORK ELECTRICAL SCHOOL 40 West 17th St., New York City Your Choice iS», >ZOX i » Musical Y Instruments REE 7° ou Mh F Senden Your choice of a Violin, Tenor Banjo, Hawaiian Gul- tar, Banjo, Cornet, Ukulele, Banjo Ukulele, Guitar, Mandolin or Banjo Mandolin. You will be proud to own any one of these instruments and you can have one absolutely free. A few cents a day for lessonsis your only expense. Our system of teaching is so easy that you can play several pieces by note with the first four lessons, We guarantee success or no charge. Instrument and lessons sent on one week’s free trial. Write for booklet today, no obligation. CHICAGO CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL OF MUSIC Orchard and Willow Streets, Dept. 29, Chicago, Illinois TURE Try this to be rid of Rupture Immediate and permanent relief and comfort is assured to rupture sufferers by the Schuiling Rupture Lock. It seals in the opening. No elastic bands, cruel springs or binding braces. Nothing to irri- tate or chafe. No harness to wear. simple device. Relief, comfort and safety result from its use. Write for free book and trial offer. SCHUILING RUPTURE INSTITUTE i 181 Murphy Bldg. Indianapolis, In Begin Today—Write for my FREE BOOK, Ican make a good penman of you at home during spare time, Write for my FREE BOOK, "“HowtoBecome a Good Penman.’’It contains specimens an be how others mastered penmanship by the, Tai “4 "| System. Your name will be elegantly wrireite to card if you enclose stamp to pay postage. day for book LZ F. W. TAMBLYN, 437 Ridge Bldg., Kansas City, U.S.A. rected by The University of Chicago Courses in English, History, Chemistry, Business, Mathematics, Education, Psychology, and pn subjects command credit toward a Bachelor sity of Begin any time. Address 25 Ellis Hall, Univers! Chicago, Chicago, Il. March, 15 ee Te found horses dealer tors wl and tl they 2 “In us, anc One di 16 yea He a and, ° nothin usual | one ha “Ne apple find it we fol phoru: know! poisor Confr confes compe horses case, | "V anoth who Sudde streal pecial going amou that ratiol ay tor ¢c He s an’s she s a wee sacks day’ dema We ; taine kill bottl foun conf Al seize of t] Last doll: New mos

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[| lave | © s5seaee args Test Tubes Solve Crimes (Continued from page 16) found that one after another of his horses died for no apparent reason. The dealer naturally suspected his competi- tors who might have a grudge against him, and these simmered down to two; but they never came near his place. “Tn desperation the dealer appealed to us, and a close watch was set on the barn. Qne day the guard noticed a boy about 16 years old hanging around the stable. He answered questions _ satisfactorily, and, when his pockets were searched, nothing was found in them beside the usual clutter, except an apple cut in two, one half in each hip pocket. “Now, while it’s not unusual to find an apple in a boy's pocket, it was queer to find it cut. The apple was sent to us, and we found that it contained yellow phos- phorus, one of the deadliest poisons known. Examination showed the same poison in the stomachs of the dead horses. Confronted with this evidence, the boy confessed that one of the fruit dealer’s competitors had hired him to feed the horses poisoned apples. It was a clear case, and we got a conviction. ? E HAD a case not long ago,” con- tinued Mr. Kelley, telling of another poison incident, “‘of a couple who weren’t getting along very well. Suddenly the husband developed a stingy streak. He began to ration his wife, es- pecially on sugar. Each morning before going to work, he would set out a certain amount of sugar for the day, telling her that she had. to be content with that ration. “The wife began to feel ill, but the doc- tor could find nothing seriously wrong. He suspected indigestion. But the wom- an’s suspicions had been aroused, and she set aside her allotments of sugar for aweek. She came to court with the little sacks labeled ‘Monday, Tuesday, Wednes- day’ and so on. ‘Is this sugar,’ she demanded, ‘or is it something queer?’ We found that the week’s ration con- tained enough bichloride of mercury to kill a horse. In the husband’s effects a bottle containing the same poison was found, and this was enough to force a confession.” Analysis of all drugs and _ narcotics seized by the New York police is another of the big jobs of the crime laboratory. Last year alone more than a half-million dollars’ worth of drugs was seized in the New York district. These are found in most surprising forms. - Drug addicts use so much craftiness in procuring narcotics that constant vigi- lance is necessary to see through their trickery. On Welfare Island, where drug addicts are sent when sentenced, for some time it was suspected that they Were getting hold of narcotics. No one could figure out how. One by one various possibilities were discarded until only the mail remained. NE day, soon after the mail had been given out, an officer noticed one in- mate chewing a piece of paper. He watched for the next letter addressed to that (Continued on page 148) Prisoner. With the letter was a piece of E are living in the age of SPEED, W the mile-a-minute life. We crowd two or five years of life into one. We hurry; we worry; and we dissipate, little realizing that there must come an end to our supply of Nerve Force—that we will become nervous wrecks. Long before a person reaches the final stages of nervous collapse, he passes through months and even years of sub- normal nerve power, which seriously handi- caps him in life, undermines his constitu- tional powers and causes all kinds of organic and mental disorders. It would be proper to call these people “‘near-neurasthenics.” There are countless ‘‘near-neurasthen- ics’’ about us everywhere—in the streets, in the cars, in the theatres, in your business, and especially in your own home—right in your own family. They are said to be troubled with “nerves,” a condition which is not con- sidered serious, but admitted to be most annoying, especially to those who must associate with people who have “nerves.” “Nerves” is not a malady which mani- fests itself, as many people believe, in twitching muscles, trembling hands. These conditions are found only in advanced stages of Nerve Exhaustion. The symptoms of Nerve Exhaustion vary according to individual characteristics, but the development is usually as follows: First Stage: Lack of energy and endurance; that ‘‘tired feeling.’’? Second Stage: Ner- vousness; restlessness; sleeplessness; irrita- bility; decline in sex force; loss of hair; nervous indigestion; sour stomach; gas in bowels; constipation; irregular heart; poor memory; lack of mental endurance; dizzi- ness; headache; backache; neuritis, rheuma- tism, and other pains. Third Stage: Serious mental disturbances; fear, undue worry; melancholia; dangerous organic disturb- ances; suicidal tendencies; and in extreme cases, insanity. If only a few of the symptoms mentioned apply to you, especially those indicating mental turmoil, you may be sure that your nerves are at fault—that you have ex- hausted your Nerve Force. Perhaps you have chased from doctor to doctor seeking relief for a mysterious ‘‘something the matter with you.”’ Each doctor tells you that there is noth- ing the matter with you; that every organ is perfect. But you know there is something the matter. You feel it, and you act it. You are tired, dizzy, cannot sleep, cannot digest your food and you have pains here and there. You are told you are ‘“‘run down,” and need a rest. Your doctor may prescribe a drug— a nerve stimulant or sedative. Leave nerve tonics alone. It is like making a tired horse run by towing him behind an automobile. And don’t be deceived into believing that some magic system of physical exercise can restore the nerves. It may develop your muscle but it does so at the expense of the nerves, as thousands of athletes have learned through bitter experience. The cure of weak and deranged nerves must have for its basis an understanding of how the nerves are affected by various abuses and strains. It demands an understanding of certain simple laws in mental and physical hygiene, mental control, relaxation, and how to develop immunity to the many strains of everyday life. Through the application of this knowledge, the most advanced case of Nerve Exhaustion can be corrected. I have made a life study of the mental and physical characteristics of nervous people, having treated more cases of ‘‘Nerves’’ during the past 25 years than any other man in the world; over 100,000 cases. Fast Life Wrecks the Nerves by PAUL von BOECKMANN Lecturer and Author of numerous books and treatises on Mental and Physical Energy, Respiration, Psychology and Nerve Culture PAUL VON BOECKMANN Author of Nerve Force and various other books on Healih, Psychology, Breathing, Hygiene and kindred subjects, many of which have been translated into foreign languages The result of this vast experience is embodied in a 64-page book, entitled ‘‘ Nerve Force,”’ a book that is essentially intended to teach how to care for the nerves and how to apply simple methods for their restoration. It includes important information on the application of deep breathing as a remedial agent. The cost of the book 1s only 25 cents, coin or stamps. Address me—Paul von Boeckmann, Studio 162, 110 West 40th St., New York City. This book will enable you to diagnose your troub- les understandingly. The facts presented will prove a revelation to you and the advice will be of incalcu- lable value whether you have had trouble with your nerves or not. Your nerves are the most precious possession you have. Through them you experience all that makes life worth living, for to be dull-nerved means to be dull-brained, insensible to the higher phases of life—love, moral courage, ambition, and temperament. The finer your brain is, the finer and more delicate is your nervous system. and the more imperative it is that you care for your nerves. “Nerve Force’’ is not an advertisement of any treatment I may have to offer. This is proved by the fact that large corporations have bought and are buying this book from me by the hundreds and thou- sands for circulation among the employees—Effi- ciency. Physicians recommend the book to their patients—Health. Ministers recommend it from the pulpit— Nerve Control, Happiness. Never before has so great a mass of valuable information been presented in so few words. It will enable you to un- derstand your Nerves, your Mind, your Emotions, and your Body. Over a million copies have been sold during the past fifteen years. What Readers of ‘‘Nerve Force’’ Say: “‘T have gained 12 pounds since reading your book, and I feel so energetic. I had about given up hope of ever finding the cause of my low weight.”’ A physician says: ‘‘ Your book is the most sensible and valuable work I have ever read on the prevention of neurasthenia. I am recommending your book to my patients.” “Reading your book has stopped that dreadful feeling of FEAR which paralyzed my stomach and digestion.”’ “Your book did more for me for indigestion than two courses in dieting.” ““My heart is now regular again and my nerves are fine. I thought I had heart trouble, but it was simply a case of abused nerves. I have re-read your book at least ten times.”’ “‘The advice given in your book on relaxation and calming of nerves has cleared my brain. Before was half dizzy all the time. “T have been treated by a number of nerve special- ists, and have traveled from country to country in an endeavor to restore my nerves to normal. Your little book has done more for me than all other methods combined.”’

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Big Salaries Paid Automobile Experts Fastest growing industry in U. S. A. offers unusual opportunities to trained men HE automobile industry is one of_the biggest and fastest growing industries in the United States. There are more than 18,000,000 cars registered in this country and the number is ‘increasing every day. The best way to prepare for success in the auto- mobile field is to study, and there is no better way to do this than through a home-study course with the International Correspondence Schools. We say this because many of the leading figures in the automobile world today are former I. + students. The list includes Jesse G. Vincent, President of the Packard Motor Car Co.; Walter P. Chrysler, President of the Chrysler Motor Corpora- tion; E. V. (““Eddie”’ ) Rickenbacker; Hiram Walker, Chief Engineer of the Chandler Motor Car Co.; J. V. Whitbeck, President of the Cleveland Auto- mobile Co., and other men equally as famous. Just mark and mail the coupon and we’ll send you information about the I. C. S. Automobile Courses or any other course in which you are interested. Vice- INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS Box 7663-D Scranton, Penna, Oldest and largest correspondence schools in the world Without cost or obligation on my part, please tell me how I can qualify for the position or in the subject before which I have marked an X: (0 Complete Automobile Course ([ Gas Engine Operating (C Automobile Electric Equip- [(j Complete Gas Engine ment Course DElectrical Engineering OArchitect LElectric Lighting CArchitects’ Blueprints LjMechanical Engineer (Contractor and Builder C)Mechanical Draftsman DJArchitectural Draftsman (Machine Shop Practice CiConerete Builder C)Railroad Positions CJStructural Engineer [LjCivil Engineer OiChemistry © Pharmacy (Surveying and Mapping (JAirplane Engines () Metallurgy o Mining L)Agriculture and Poultry (Steam Engineering [ Radio (J)Mathematics BUSINESS TRAINING COURSES OBusiness Management Salesmanship (JIndustrial Management Advertising | ]Personnel Organization Better Letters L)Traffic Management Show Card Lettering L) Business Law Stenography and Typing (Banking and Banking Law Business English (D Accountancy (including C.P.A.) Civil Service (Nicholson Cost Accounting (JRailway Mail Clerk (J Bookkeeping LICommon School Subjects L)Private Secretary O)High School Subjects OO0000 DsSpanish (French Cilllustrating IIE... ovonskvussvessnonnwrbeshuassusonebocnubossesssvynessbbovepsoabeeseneseeebentees Street PII in sincovesissnneinvueecvnsowseittnhsnentiianni nenneptieninnensentensnenebeemnbesith te State Occupation ‘ If vou reside in Canad tional Correspondenc 1, send this coupon to the Interna- e Schools Canadian, Limited, Montreat and heed certain INVENTORS 2 facts before applying for Patents. Our book ene ense gives those facts; sent free. Write LACEY & LACEY, 648 F St., Washington, D.c. Established 1869. who derive larg- est profits know INVER IONS cs émmercialized ON A CASH OR ROYALTY BASIS - ‘n Business 25 Years -Complete Facilities-References. @rie ADAM FISHER MFe. Co. 138-D Enright Av. St. Louis.Mo. Test Tubes Solve Crimes (Continued from page 147) plain white blotting paper. This was sent to a chemist for examination. He found that the paper had been saturated with heroin, a white drug. By chewing this, the addict could obtain the drug as read- ily as if it were in powder form. A system of codperation with business and professional men aids the bureau in tracing clues. Unknown dead, for in- stance, are often identified by sending a chart of their teeth to dentists. The den- tists check these with charts of plates they have made and send in the name of any patient who has a plate similar to that of the dead person. Laundrymen help by giving their pri- vate marks used on linen. These have been the doom of many a criminal. BOUT a year ago a veteran safe- blower picked up a 17-year-old boy in Seattle and with him began one of the most remarkable cross country auto- mobile tours of which the police have record. They blew safes in Ogden, Salt Lake City, Denver, Minneapolis, and Cleveland, the boy acting as look-out and driver. Their trail streaked across the northern states. At Buffalo the safeblowing stopped, and one day in Brooklyn, New York, the boy was caught. At first he refused to speak of his partner. But his acute dis- satisfaction over the division of the spoils eventually led him to divulge the name of the older man. The safeblower had skipped town, and even the boy had no idea where he had gone. He seemed to have dropped out of existence. In his room, when he fled, he had left an old discarded shirt. On the neckband was a typical Chinese laundry mark. Checking this on a list, the laundry was located. The detectives figured that there was a chance in a thousand that the man might have had some linen in the laundry and would return for it. The old Chinaman kept no records of names or addresses, but trusted only to his memory. A close watch was set up at the laundry, and several weeks after the boy was caught, the safebluwer came in for his laundry,- and was captured. | pecan or liquors and investigat- ing explosives are other tasks of the remarkable criminal laboratory. Taking a bomb to pieces is not the ordinary man’s idea of a comfortable job. But with scientific methods even such a dangerous task can be handled safely. For the moment the bureau is endeav- oring to make the police realize the im- portance of sending in trivial objects found on the scene of the crime. It is hard for the average policeman to realize that a hairpin or broken comb or grease spot, may now become powerful instru- ments to convict. Later on, the officials plan to send experts and an emergency kit, with some of the more important instruments, di- rectly to the scene of the crime, along with the photographer and finger print expert. The criminal of* the future will have no easy task to plan his perfect crime. v= can play real tunes from the start, No notes to puzzle you—no tiresome scales to practice. You need not know a thing about music. Evenif you have never oe @ piano, if you can | or whistle a we can teach you to paw prouien song hits sty = ¢ at avery omatl ens © need now _— practising > ale old time new and —— system teaches you easily and quickly. Write. at once for Free Booklet to show you how easily in can be done. This wonderful home course is offered at a ridiculously low cost. A little practice gives —— results. You can sit down and play any Pee 3 Jazz "a! that you hum. Writs us today.—Dept. ILLINOIS SCHOOL OF MUSIC OF CHICAGO 608 Hearst Square Chicago SIGNS and SHOW-CARDSmaneens: ou, too, can paint attractive signs and show-cards with the aid of Letter Patterns. Simply trace around the letter pattern and fillin. You will be astonished how quickly you can paint a sign by this method. These patterns are cut from durable oiled stencil board with smooth edges, which allow for rapid outlining. Each alphi ubet contains all the letters and the character &, ABC ABC | ABC | ABC | AB? ABC | abc | 123 | abe | ak NO.2 NO.7 NO.9 | NO.14 | NOID | 123 | 123 | ABC | 123 | 123 Price Each Alphabet, 1% in. 50c, bad ws 60c, 3 in. 75c, 4 in. 95c, 6 in. $1.50. Nos. 7, 14, and 19 Lower Case mi ase aay as follows: 1 in. 50c, ve >. 60c, 2 in. 60c, Price ‘ot Set of 10 Numerals, 1% in. 25c, 2 in. 30c, 3 in. 35c, 4 in. 45c, 6 in. 70c. Order by Number and give size. All orders from this advertisement receive prompt attention and will be sent by parcel post. JOHN F. RAHN 2120 No. Neva Ave., Chicago, Ill. PATENTS Trade-marks, Copyrights, Patent Litigation, Handbook with illustrations, 100 mechanical movements. Sent free on request. ALBERT E. DIETERICH a member Examining Corp. U. S. Patent Office Patent Lawye r and solicitor 27 years’ ex perience 681-A Ouray Bldg. Washington, D. C. PATENTS BOOKLET FREE HIGHEST REFERENCES PROMPTNESS ASSURED BEST RESULTS Send drawing or model for examination , and report as to patentability WATSON E. COLEMAN, Patent Lawyer 644 G Street N.W., Washington, Dic Wrestling Book FREE Learn to be an expert wwontion: Know. eclentife jiteu. Develop 6 splendid physique, and aa Byima ect bealthy oS oin is popular school snd learn world’s pd mae wh marve = Frank Gotch and Farmer Burns offer you a wonderful ity. Wrestl easily aad quickly learns nf tome by V resting now tor splendid eo oy write Wr INGH Es all the e, eclence and tricks. ' Be able to baat eas won Pornathl eps eee ting aon Hebe age. Farmer Barns School of Wrestling, 1783 Ramge Bldg., Omaha.New_} Getting Ahead? Read the advertisements on Pages 128F to 158 this issue if you want to get ahea' So write ust 192: ports $: Gordon months

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LEARED. 3p oN ONE DAY So writes W. H. Adams of Ohio in Aug ust 1925. V.A. Marini of California re- ports $11275 sales in 3 months. Jacob Gordon of New Jersey ‘$4000 profits in 2 months.” Alexander of Penna. ‘$3000 rofits in four months.” Ira Shook $365 sales in one fay Bram bought one outfit April 5 and 7 more by August 28. Iwata, bought one outfit and 10 more within a year. Mrs. Lane of Pittsburgh says “sold g000 packages in one day.” J. R. Bert says “only thing I ever bought that equaled advertisement.” John Culp says: ‘Everything going lovely. Crispette wrappers scattered all » . ge over town. It’s good old & Ke world after all.” Kellog, $700 ahead end of sec- f Ss Furnish secret formulas, raw material and equip- ment. Little capital required; no experience needed. Build A Business of Your Qwn No limit to the sale of Crispettes. Everybody likes them. It’s a delicious food confection. Write for facts about a business that will make you independ. ent. Start now, in your own town. Profits $1000 a Month Easily Possible Send postal for illustrated béok of facts. It contains enthusiastic letters from others—shows their places of business, tells how and when to start, and all in- formation needed. Free. Write now! LONG-EAKINS COMPANY 347 High Street Springfield, Ohio Here’s your chance to get 4 beautiful Rayon Silk Fibre Knitted Ties at factory prices—direct from the mill that weaves them. You save the jobber’s and retailer’s profit. We send you the ties on 3 days’ approval. If you like them, you send your check or money order for $1.50 within 3 days. Or you return the ties in the accompanying stamped container. No C. 0. D. to pay postman—nothing to pay if theties don’t suit you. Just write on a post card, “Send the 4 ties,” and you'll get them postpaid by return mail. GOVERNMENT SQUARE KNITTING MILLS 117 Government Square Cincinnati, O. \S3aeFseR Ebee || °~ 3 oo a Mon at Home Do you need money? National o izati i rganization. Fireside Indus- tie Bae a few openings for new members. Wonderful, easy way ‘that this question had been answered for ' He Freed Women from Drudgery (Continued from page 32) Howe’s consciousness. He had ambitions far beyond any he had ever voiced. His work in Davis’ shop had taught him that he had talents better than the ordinary for understanding and utilizing mechani- cal equipment. Some of his fellow work- men surpassed him in skill with tools. None, though, surpassed him in ingenuity. All of this to this wideawake youth sug- gested a career as an inventor. Yet, just like the young inventors of today, he found a huge obstacle before him, the question, “What shall I invent?” And, then and there, young Howe knew him; that he had taken the first step in surmounting the obstacle. A sewing ma- chine! It met all the requirements of the successful invention. It was useful. It filled a human need. Its application was wide, almost infinite. HE young mechanic found himself strangely exalted. He went to his lodgings that night walking on air. The _—_ to fortune had opened up before im. And then for almost six years Howe did nothing more than think about his in- vention! It wasn’t laziness, lack of cour- age or anything of that sort. On the con- trary, the fact that he continued to think of a sewing machine instead of putting the idea out of his head as impractical is proof conclusive of Howe’s courage and steadfastness. The trouble was that the machine failed to assemble itself properly in Howe’s mind. After six years, however, in 1843, Howe’s idea received an impetus from two mighty forcees—love and _neces- sity. The young mechanic had married, and was the father of three children. Howe’s returns from his work in Davis’ shops failed to keep pace with his added responsibilities. To complicate matters further, instead of being merely physically frail, he became actually ill. There were times when he could not work at all, and his young wife, in an endeavor to make up the deficit in the family budget, began to sew for the neighbors. It was torture to one of Howe’s self- reliant and sensitive spirit to watch his bride become hollow-eyed and_ stoop- shouldered from long days and nights spent plying her needle. For all his brood- ing over the idea of a sewing machine, never had he realized the crying necessity for the invention until it was thus brought home to him. He determined to wait no longer for the detailed plans of the ma- chine to form themselves in his mind, and began the construction of a machine by the “cut and try’? method—experiment. His first efforts—and they lasted for a year—were flat failures. Hé persevered with his efforts, building machine after machine. Each one, ‘am money every day right in your own ‘home. Fascinating, Dlewgant work. No experience needed. We teach you everything. FREE Book Tells How Peaatitul FREE Book explains how to become a member of Fire- Industries, how you earn‘money in spare time at home dec- penny grt Novelties, how you get complete outfit without one extracost. Write today, enclosing 2c stamp. though, failed to sew. And then suddenly it occurred to him that all along he had been on the wrong track. What he re- quired was not an automaton that would imitate more or less faithfully the move- (Continued on page 150) FIRESIDE INDUSTRIES, Dept. 51-C, Adrian, Mich. Salary is, 100“aWeek Everywhere there is a big demand for artists—newspapers, magazines, advertising agencies, department stores, everyone who advertises is glad to pay big money for artists who can produce pictures and illustrations with commercial value. Learn At Home This Quick Easy Way Our wonderful method makes it possible for anyone to learn Illustrating, Cartooning, or Commercial Art. Most of our students never touched a drawing pencil before they studied with us, yet hundreds of them are now making splendid incomes. You can do the same. The simplicity of this amazingly simple way will astonish you. No matter what your present ability—no matter whether you think you have “talent” or not—we can teach you to draw—and draw well. Simple Way Makes Success Easy Our easy way simplifies everything. You start drawing with straight lines, then you begin using curves, and before you realize it you are drawing pictures with shading, action and perspective. And you are taught all the “inside secrets’”—the “tricks of the trade” that would otherwise take you years to learn. Our Art Director has had years of experience in commercial art. He knows the kind of pictures that sell and he teaches you how to make them—in the least possible time. Write for FREE BOOK An interesting and handsomely illustrated booklet, “Quick Easy Way to Become An Artist,” will be sent you without cost. Mail this coupon for it. Learn how you can easily become an artist in a few minutes’ daily spare time. Get also full particulars about our “Free Artist’s Outfit” offer. Send the coupon NOW! The Washington School of Art, Inc., Room 243-D. 1115—15th St.,N. W., | Washington, D. C. The Washington School of Art, Inc. Room 243-D, 1115-15th St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Please send me without cost or obligation on my part your free book, “Quick Easy Way to Become an Artist. Print name plainly. 0 ES Tee Pe rere, errr ee tye (Mr. Mrs. Miss) 2: | cnr necerrerrrrerrs: cmt mmeracr ek 17

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Look a ° at these > Opportunities Aviation Mechanics—$50-$125 Week Riggers—$50-S75 Week Flyers—$125-$225 Week Taxi Service—$100-$300 Week Aerial Photo Pilot —$200-$250 Week Special Messenger Service—$125-$200 Week Aerial Advertising—$225-S500 Week. Crop Dusting —-$125-$200 Week Crop Survey—$125-$225 Week of Practical Airplane Mechanics opens up a world of opportunities for young men. You Learn by Doing! HIS photograph shows Instructors Wimer and Spencer working with students. The Sweeney Sys- tem first prepares a student by intensive pri actical work on motors, building, recovering wings, rigging and all details of construction, repairing and handling. This is called ground school work. Instructor spencer, an overseas flyer, tells you that it took about 4000 mechanies and assistants to keep several hundred flyers in the air at his field in France. To show you the quality of the men who teach you look at Spencer and Wimer for instance. Spencer was an army pilot and_has been teaching and doing commercial flying since 1917, Wimer is a college man, went overseas, was with the Ist Air Park, was an observer, spent over 200 hours in the air and since the war has been with two big aircraft cor- porations. THE SWEENEY SYSTEM is divided into two parts. FIRST: You are thoroughly taught in the ground school. This fits you as an aviation mechanic. You can build your own plane and do any- thing required in aviation mechi unies and construction and repairing when you have finished this work. You are thoroughly taught motors, ete., and work with thousands of dollars worth of new material, including all types of engines. Liberty 12s, Sturdevant 3 Gnomes, Hall seott fours and sixes, ete. SECONDLY: after completing this work if you want to be a pilot you take ten hours of flying. Now when you understand that two to seven hours is all the average man needs to learn expert flying you will appreciate what ten hours in the air under skilled men will do for you. LEARN TO FLY! ona ion is no longer a mys- ery—no longer a hazard; no, it is a business growing Bnei Ae and more important; you can qualify as a mechanic, or an engineer, or repair man, or builder; five men on the ground are needed for one man in the air, but if you want to become a pilot you easily master the work and can go into postal, gov- ernment, or commercial work. Flyers are in demand, e arning big money at fairs taking up passengers, etc. $5 for a 10-minute flight is pretty fine pay! SEND NAME TODAY for full details of this aviation mechanical and equipment actual- also tull information as to the commercial end nd opportunities for young men. LEARN TO FLY BY FLYING course and photographs of planes ly used; of flying a SCHOOL 0f AVIATION 308 SWEENEY BLDG, KANSAS CITY.M SEND THIS NOW Fes FFF S8S6S2888 888882888 88 882868 a EMORY J. SWEENEY, President g 2308 Sweeney Bidg., KANSAS CITY, MO. | Please send me full information about your Aviation 1 Course. ¢ SINR Et CaS vet boku becasue eos vexeks ee ouen ws | t > i ¢ 1 Pe, ©. y 7 He-.Freed Women from Drudgery (Continued from page 149) ments of a woman in sewing, but a ma- chine that would accomplish the same re- sults in ils own way. A lock-stitch— thread fed from both above and below the cloth simultaneously and joining together, instead of a single strand moving in and out—an eye placed not at the blunt end but just above the point of the needle— here was the solution! The idea seized him with such over- whelming force that almost before he knew it he had quit his job with Davis to devote his whole time to the develop- ment of his machine. His friends and his neighbors expostulated with him, some abusively, calling him a fool and a shirker thus to cast aside the duty he owed his family to pursue a will-o’ -the-wi isp. His wife with noble courage redoubled her efforts to earn for the family and bade her husband proceed with his invention. His father, with equal faith in his ultimate success, offered him and his family a home on his farm. Before the end of 1844, Howe had completed a model machine. a THIS juncture, with his goal vir- tually in sight, Howe was forced to quit work on his invention through lack of funds. Desperate, he at last demon- strated his model to George Fisher, a fuel dealer of Spencer. The latter was im- pressed favorably, and offered $500 to Howe for materials and tools in return for a half-share in the invention if it proved patentable. Howe agreed, and by April, 1845, had produced a machine that sewed smoothly and evenly. After sewing a suit of clothes for Fisher and one for himself, Howe invited several Boston tailors to inspect his machine. They declined, so he took his model to the Quincy Hall Clothing Factory and for two weeks demonstrated it to all who visited the place. But human nature’s proverbial distrust of anything new held people off. Boston remained indifferent, unfriendly even, both to the invention and its in- ventor. Howe gritted his teeth and set to work building a second model for the Patent Office in Washington. During the nine years he had been dreaming about and working on_ his invention, it had seemed te Howe that with the patent papers in his hand his long struggle would be over. On the contrary, though, discouragements worse than any he had experienced before arose to con- front him. He exhibited his machine at a fair, but no one would either buy it or rent it. Fisher, who had financed Howe to the extent of $2,000, began to com- plain. Wherever he showed his machine it met either indifference or ridicule. Slow- ly but certainly, poverty, ill-health and his failure to arouse public interest in his invention began to undermine Howe's morale. HE SENT his brother to London, and the latter succeeded in selling one of Howe’s machines to a corset manufac- turer named William Thomas for 250 pounds. Then Howe himself went to England with his family and for a paltry (Continued on page 151) the First Latest thing out—New Stay- Prest Trouser Presser—is selling like wildfire. Four patents put in lasting crease. Removes wrinkles and bagginess. Cuts tailor bills. Folds to 15 inches. Demonstrates in 40 seconds. Men buy one to six. 1 ,000, 000 sold already. “My first week I made writes S. L. Patterson, Iowa. too, can make big money. cleaning up. Your profits in advance. write orders. We deliver lect. Big commissions. See how easy it is to sell Stay-Prest. Test it without cost. Write for further facts and offer of free demonstrz ator. With mil- lions of prospects——-you can't avoid making extra dollars. Send postal card for Free Offer today. The Serger: -Jung Co. C-143 G. & J. Bldg Cineinenti, Ohio Canadian Distributor: Street & Bourke Co., 110 Dundas St., London, Ontario, Canada $93,” You, Others Simply and col- FOUR PATENTS $25% DRAWING COURSE for $9% Haven't you often wished that you could draw cartoons, illus- trate some idea, sketch some pretty face, ete.” - You can do all of these things. One of Anm- erica’s most famous Cartoonists and illustrators has developed a great, simple system for suc- cess in‘all branches of Commer- cial Art. This system has rev- olutionized the entire theory of drawing. [t means that drawing can be as easy for you as writing — much simpler than learning shorthand, bookkeep- ing or typewriting. We are now acing this original system for earning Drawing, Art and Cartooning, consisting of 34 lessons with over 500 ilustra- tions, within reach of every one. If you will devote a few hours each week to the Course WE ABSOLUTELY GU ARAN- TEE that you will learn to draw and draw well before you have half finished the Course. If we fail to make this claim good, we will refund every cent paid us. By eliminating a large office foree for answering corres- pondence, expensive catalogs, ete., we are enabled to make a price of $2.98, the cheapest price ever known for a high-grade, home study course. Many have sent us letters similar to that of Rob’t P. Davis of Detroit, who wrote: ‘I can't see how you ask so little, when others with inferior Courses get from $20 to 360 for theirs. It is more than I expected.” Learn to draw. It is a big asset, no matter what field you are in Send No Money Just order the Course, and on arrival pay postman $2. 98 plus a few cents postare, payment of artist’s pencils, peas, in full for the entire Course and paper, erasers, thumb- Drawing Outfit. If not entirely sat- tacks, etc., enabling you isfied, return within five days and to go to work without any wewill REFUND MONEY. Address additional cost. LEDERER SCHOO of DRAWIN Dept. 1032-L, (Ne Tenn. Orders from outils ‘the U.S. A. are payable $3.28 cash with order. If your order the course at once, we will includea drawing outtit, consisting Write tod: FRE ‘book, * TRAINED dey tich shows BT py A ao. ne LAW ye -_— Me! your spare arn more mo eee for ahi 4 ant oxenutive f positon or Drepar rection ¢ aw. Study at ome Tou the Blac! thori ton tect? sastaee PTSTice WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT. Blacksto: erpduates we orecticing law eve: where. LL.B conferr egni olume law library furnished immediately upon po B. tt. Moderate tuition fee. Low onthly terms. Money BackGuarantee. Writef orbooktoday. Blackstone Institute, Inc., INC» Donne's Chlenen : America’s Foremost Non-. Getting Ahead? Read the advertisements on Pages 128F to 158 this issue if you want toget ahea' ~-,

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19 a Ci 4 ul March, 1926 He Freed Women from Drudgery (Continued from page 150) weekly wage spent eight months in build- ing a special corset machine for Thomas. When the manufacturer sought to per- suade Howe to remain with him on the same terms to “execute miscellaneous repairs,” the inventor declined, sent his family back to America, and began the construction of another machine. When this was finished, Howe had not a cent. He sold the machine for five pounds, taking a promissory note in pay- ment. This he discounted and sailed for home, landing in New York with 60 cents in his pocket. Within a few months of | his arrival his wife died of tuberculosis, and Howe, sadly bruised in spirit, sought work as a journeyman machinist. Broken in health by overwork, worry, and the privations incidental to poverty, Howe had every reason to believe that fate had marked him for a failure. His days were filled with exhausting work, his nights with bitter memories. ND then one day came to him the as- tounding tidings that the sewing ma- chine he had invented was proving a great success! It was a success, though, in which he was not sharing, for others had seized on his invention during his absence in London and were reaping a harvest. It was a situation that would have daunted any man. And yet, penniless and sick, with his original model and his pat- ent pledged for debt in London, Howe determined to fight. His backer, Fisher, seeking to save what he could from what seemed an impossible wreck, sold his half- interest in the invention to George Bliss. The latter yielded to Howe’s importu- nities and agreed to advance money to attack the infringers of the sewing ma- chine patent. Through court after court the suit dragged. Howe, ill most of the time, lived from hand to mouth while his mea- ger earnings went to defray the costs of this seemingly endless—and hopeless— litigation. And then in 1854—seventeen years after the idea of a sewing machine had first taken root in Howe’s mind— Judge Sprague, of Massachusetts, decided that Howe’s patent was valid and that all subsequent manufacturers of sewing ma- chines would have to pay tribute to him. HIS momentous decision came just in the nick of time for the man whose un- conquerable devotion to his life’s work in spite of poverty, sickness and neglect, probably is not matched in the annals of Inventive science. Howe’s patent had only one more year to run. But so exten- sive had the manufacture of sewing ma- chines become that money began to flow Into the pockets of the hitherto im- poverished inventor in a flood that be- wildered him. Up to the time that his extended patent expired in 1867, Howe’s royalties, it is estimated, amounted to not less than $2,000,000, a staggering sum in that period. n that same year Howe died. He lived ut a few years to enjoy his victory,— long enough, though, to see the results of Is life’s work recognized and rewarded. ee - Here's a Queer Way To Learn Music ! No teacher—no monotonous exercises. Just a simple, easy home study method. Takes only a few minutes— costs only a few cents—a day. Every step as clear as A.B.C. O would have ever thought that the learning of music could Seems almost too good to be true to think of learning to play your favorite instru- ment without long hours of practice—te- dious scales and expensive teachers, doesn’t it? Yet that’s exactly how you learn this new way. The only thing that is queer about this amazing method is the fact that it’s so different from all ordinary methods. But although this marvelous home study method is different and comparatively new it has already been carefully tested and proved by almost half a million people all over the world. Judge from that how satisfactory, reliable and easy it must be. Musical Talent Not Needed Even if you have never touched an instru- ment before you can’t go wrong this amazingly easy way. For every step, from beginning to end, is right before your eyes in print and picture. You always know what to do and how to do it. No guesswork. No delays. If you make a mistake you correct it yourself and continue. It’s really fun learning to play this way, you proceed so rapidly. From the start you are playing real tunes perfectly by note. And almost before you realize it you will be able to play anything—the popular “*Jazz’’ or those classical selections for which there is always a big demand at concerts and home enterta:nments. Best of all no matter which instrument you choose the cost of learning is just the same in each case, just a few cents a day! Have Fun—Win New Friends Just think of all the pleasure you’ve been missing by not being able to play some musical instrument. Instead of being the center of attraction at parties—you’ve been unnoticed— out of the social picture. While you’ve been playing wallflower others be simplified.’ What Instrument for You? Piano ’Cello Organ Guitar Violin Ukulele Drumsand Hawaiian raps Guitar Plectrum Harp Banjo Cornet 5 String _ Piccolo Banjo P Trombone have always had some- Se. 4 thing to offer. Now Clarinet Composition you have a wonderful | Ffute Sight Singing chance to turn the | Automatic Finger Control tables—to treat your- | Voice and Speech Culture self to some real fun— Piano Accordion tosurpriseyourfriends! Take some good ad- vice. Learn to play this new easy way. Get your share of a musician’s pleasure, popularity, profit. Start Now! Free Booklet and Demonstration Lesson If you are in earnest about wanting to join the crowd of entertainers and be a “big hit’? at any party—if you really do want to play your favorite instrument, to become a performer whose services will be in demand —fill out and mail the convenient coupon ask- ing for our Free Booklet and Demonstration Lesson. These explain our wonderful method fully and show you how easily and quickly you can learn to play like a professional at little expense. Instruments are supplied when needed—cash or credit. U.S. School of Music, 83 Brunswick Bldg., New York City. SSSCSCETCSSSESSSSCETC SSSR ET TESTS SERESSSEEEESEESEEeeesEs U. S. SCHOOL OF MUSIC, 83 Brunswick Bldg., New York City. Please send me your free book, ‘‘Music Lessons in Your Own Home,” with introduction by Dr. Frank Crane, demonstration lesson and partic- ulars of your special offer. I am interested in the following course: ee Make More Money Have you the above instrument? ............ee008 IN INNO oo 6: 5) oe ior ia 0.08 ee che “ernie ey enor mnacaraenveme (Please Write Plainly) NOGROR Gy «ho eiciiniNetln aaintotwn buss weuens eres OEE 6 hess ara es we 2) CC ae ee Read the Money Making Opportunities on pages 128F to 158 of this issue. ah Bee TTL | ST i — Ta Steady Work—No Layofis WANT $2700 A YEAR? \,. Become Railway ALL POSTAL SALARIES JUST RAISED. MAIL COUPON BEFORE YOU LOSE IT. NR ce ce ee ee ce ee he i : Pg Franklin Institute, Dept. M-274 Rochester, N. Y. of Sirs: I want to travel and see the country. Rush to me without charge, (1) Sample Railway Pos- @ tal Clerk Examination questions; (2) tell me how @ to get a U.S. Government job; (3) send list of places at which examinations will be held. ¢ Travel—See Your Country ,?Name...........0.. ccc gece eeccecececteecaeecueeeeeaes ¢ COMMON EDUCATION SUFFICIENT “Address

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Increase YourPay in Cartooning: $50 to Over $250 a Week Paid to Good Cartoonists! And You Can Easily Learn This Fascinating Profession Right At Home in Spare Time. Free Booklet Ex- plains This Easy Method. Send For It Today. There isn’t a more attractive or highly paid profession today than cartooning. Millions of dollars are spent every year for good cartoons by the 20,000 or more news- papers and magazines in the United States alone. Capable artists earn from $50 to over $250 a week. In fact, there is no limit to its possibilities. Fontaine Fox, Briggs, Bud Fisher, Sid Smith and the other head- liners make more money than the presi- dents of most corporations. Think of it! Quick Easy Way to Learn Cartooning Yet of all the professions cartooning is now positively one of the easiest and sim- plest to learn. You don’t have to know a thing about drawing. You don’t need to have ever tried to make cartoons. Through our amazingly simple method many who never dreamed they could draw have easily learned cartooning. You too—without the slightest previous training—without any apparent talent at all—can easily learn to dash off side-splitting cartoons that may mean ease and independence for you and yours—within a surprisingly short time., You iearn right at home, yet your work receives the personal attention and criticism of one of America’s foremost artists. So rapid is the course that many students actually sell enough work during their training to pay for it. Mail Coupon for Free Book 1 more about the wonderful money-making inities in cartooning, and how this method it easy for you to learn. Read about our nts—their fe eS what they say—how easy —— it was—actual reproduc- FR tions of their work—how’ they made big money while studying. This amazing little book may # mean the turning-point @ in your life. Send for it @ today. It is yours with- @ out cost or obligation. Mail coupon NOW. Washington School of Cartooning Room 243-D, 1113-15th St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Pg SLES SE Ee eS a SS eB aE ee ee WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF CARTOONING, Room 243-D, 1113-15th St., N. W. Washington, D. C. Please send me without obligation, ‘your illustrated FREE BOOKLET on Cartooning. Nar Peet etesediescbvosvcecvav eave ses scvsessseess (Write Name Plainly) ET i. ciate Gees ney She Skea OA SS wieewe he Sie PM iin och Sees Bales eon’ State. Do Athletes Die Young? (Continued from page 35) people. Of course, there have been early deaths among the runners and jumpers and weight throwers. Lon Meyers, who in the early ’eighties won national cham- pionships at every distance from 100 vards to a half-mile, died at the age of 41. Martin Sheridan, New York policeman and Olympic Games winner in 1904, 1906, and 1908, died at the age of 37. But Arthur Duffy, who, in 1902, was the first man to run 100 yards in 936 seconds, time that never has been beaten, and Maxie Long, whose record of 47 seconds for 440 yards on a straightaway course, made a quarter of a century ago, still stands, are alive and well. So are Alfred Shrubb, the English distance star of twenty-odd years ago, and Hannes Koleh- mainen, the original “Flying Finn.” Added evidence that track and field athletics do not shorten life is that every one of the ten men who were members of the University of California track team that competed in the East in 1895 is alive today. Tennis has lost Robert D. Wrenn, but there is no proof that strenuous tennis tends to shorten life. Every one of the men on the English and American Davis Cup teams of 1900 was alive in 1925. Dwight F. Davis, now secretary of war, was one of the holders of the national doubles championship in 1898 and 1899. Norman E. Brookes, the world-famous Australian “old master,” plays a danger- ous game at the age of 47. NOWING when to let down, and when to quit, helps athletes to keep out of the early-death class. Eugene J. Giannini, an oarsman, and coach of the New York Athletic Club crews, died in 1923 at the age of 57. Mr. Giannini re- fused to acknowledge the marching years, and his death was the result of his heart’s failure to stand up’ under the strain of running a brisk mile on the track. Rowing is the most strenuous of all sports. It has been determined by Yan- dell Henderson and Howard W. Haggard, professors of applied physiology at Shef- field Scientific School, Yale University, that each oarsman in an eight-oar shell pulls 15,015 foot-pounds a minute in a race—which means that each minute he does work equal to climbing the stairs of an eight-story building. William H. Geer, director of physical education at Harvard University, made a study of the records of 159 oarsmen who rowed on Harvard crews between 1852 and 1900. He found that in 1900 there was a record of 67 deaths. According to the American Experience Tables of Mor- tality the number of expected deaths for the group was 92. Only 69 per cent of the normal number of deaths for the group had occurred, and other calcula- tions showed that the average life ex- pectancy of the oarsmen was 4.27 years above normal. Desiring to obtain the opinion of an ac- cepted authority on the question, “Do athletes die young?” I went to see Dr. William G. Anderson, director of the Yale University gymnasium. (Continued on page 153) Dental Laboratory . EXPERTS . Wanted! Get into the great new profession: ‘‘Mechanical Dentistry” Biggest opportunity for success of the Century, because there are more jobs open than Experts to fill them, in Dental Laboratory work! Salaries $60 to $125 a week. Learn quickly in my big schools at Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Boston or Philadelphia. Individual, personal instruction on actual laboratory work with standard tools and materials. No classes or text books here. Day or evening instruction. 70,000 Dentists buy Dental Laboratory work! Only a few hundred Dental Laboratories in the U.S. today. Hundreds more are urgently needed in every city! Dentists can’t afford to do their own Laboratory work. But they must have a Labora- tory in their own city to get rapid service. More Laboratories Needed! Prepare to open one My training includes thorough practice in the mak- ing of crowns, fixed and removable bridge-work, rubber and metal plates, etc.—every branch of the work from actual impressions. In addition we in- struct you in Laboratory management—how to handle orders, how to build a business of your own, how to buy, what to charge, etc. Many graduates open their own Laboratories and are prepared for well-paying positions. TO ALL STUDENTS H. A. McCarrie A Leader in the field of Mechan- ical Dentistry Mail Coupon | for R.R. Fare Offer : Railroad fare allowed to Chicago, Boston, Detroit, Cleveland or Philadelphia — t he school nearest you. Employment Service provides spare-time positions for those who wish to work days or evenings while attending school. We help our a graduates find posi- tions. pon immediately for limited special offers. McCarrie School of Mechanical Dentistry Dept. 1502-C, 1338 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago, I11. Without obligation please send me your FREE R. R. Fare Offer and free catalog with complete information about how I may become a Dental Laboratory EXPER suaeaes' PONG is AN ska cabedbcebwn tenes ctoseees sone ure Marc h, — D “N answ does study betwe 38 de death Amer of act was - track playe who alive day." yp iT F plied recor the * disea cause death and | creas men, the ¢ of th ss | lete’s 58 d tuber by ty age « not amo} she does cann accu fine shou tion. up b D phys Y.M who worl phys the thor not “ \ day Gra and “ mos ing, as 1 to mo “ “he tha isa gen ma pre ma pre | the —_—

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ew SS OS ee ee ee ee a —_ ———— Ee SS Se March, 1926 Do Athletes Die Young? (Continued from page 152) “No,” said Dr. Anderson decidedly, in answer to my question, “the Yale athlete does not die young. Recently I made a study of 808 athletes who won the ‘Y’ between 1855 and 1905. There had been 58 deaths—46 per cent of the expected deaths for the group according to the American Mortality Tables. The ratio of actual to expected deaths of crew men was 41 percent, of football players and track athletes, 52 percent, and of baseball players, 42 percent. The only athlete who ever won the *Y’ in four sports 1s alive and apparently in good health to- day.” “ O MANY athletes, or ex-athletes, die of ‘athletic heart’?” I asked. “Few athletes die of heart failure,” re- plied Dr. Anderson. “Of the 58 deaths recorded in the study of 808 winners of the ‘Y,’ only four were caused by heart disease. The same number of deaths was caused by drowning. The heart-failure deaths occurred at the ages of 35, 57, 68, and 70. Heart disease seems to be in- creasing, but the deaths are among elderly men, as a usual thing, and do not exceed the expected deaths among non-athletes of the same ages. “Lung trouble seems to be the ath- lete’s most dangerous enemy. Of the 58 deaths studied, 12 were caused by tuberculosis, six by pneumonia and two by typhoid pneumonia. But the percent- age of men dying from these causes is not greater than the expected deaths among non-athletes from similar causes. “The athlete must remember that he does not stay young forever. At 50 he cannot do with safety the things he was accustomed to do at 25. Exercise is a fine thing for most men, but after 40 it should be taken with care and in modera- tion. The ex-athlete must begin to slow up before something breaks.” Dr. James H. McCurdy, head of the physical department of the International Y.M.C.A. College in Springfield, Mass., who has devoted much of his life to the work of training young men to become physical directors, and who has studied the subject of exercise with scientific thoroughness, also says that athletes do not die young. 7 HAT are the longevity chances of the prominent sport stars of to- day?” I asked him; ‘Men like Red Grange, Paavo Nurmi, William ‘Tilden, and Jack Dempsey?” “Their chances of long life depend mostly on their habits while out of train- ing,” replied Dr. McCurdy. “Athletes, as well as non-athletes, have been known to eat themselves into the grave. A moderate life usually is a long life. F “The great athlete,” he continued, has a little better chance of a long life than has the non-athlete, not because he san athlete, but because—I am speaking generally, of course—he was a better hu- man machine in the beginning. Perhaps Proper training for sport lengthens a man’s life — but that never has been Proved. It has been proved, however, that athletes do not die young.” ee A PRACTICAL ELECTRICAL SHOP COURSE (Not a Correspondence School) An experiment This is the U. S. Government’s own Veteran’s Bureau course, 08 & stator, in which we took over when Congress decided it had served its te Greer Shops. purpose for the veterans. Now this opportunityis open for you— to make your start quickly in this most fascinating, big pay work—Practical Electricity. The World’s greatest progress is right in this field. Right now the opportunities are unlimited and the quicker you get this training, the bigger success you will make. SPECIAL OFFER NOW! for men who enroll immediately. In 12 weeks you can get the training that will put you in a real electrical job. Think of it! Before spring is over you will be started in this most interesting work—with big pay and a bigger future. Send right now for our Free Electrical Book and this special offer. Use coupon below. Learn Quickly—Thoroughly Here you learn by actually doing electrical problems—under supervision of electrical experts. That is absolutely the only way you can really learn electricity. The same chief instructor is in charge who devel- oped _this school for the Government. The same training system is being followed-—the plan that has proved to be the most practical ever devised for initiating men into the money-making end of electricity. Best and Most Complete Equipment In addition to the equipment bought from the Government school, we have added many new features. e have recently taken over completely one of the largest strictly radio schools in the country. " e have over 200 motors--of practically every kind. type and make in the world--also nearly every kind of motor starter used in the industrial field. All of these are for the use of students in making experiments: taking apart, reassembling and hooking up a3 required by various jobs during the course. Over 300 testing instruments--voltmeters, ammeters, etc.-- One great advantage of our system is that you get individual attention. You go ahead as fast as you are able. No one is hel ack because someone else is slow. We Pay R. R. Fare to Chicago—Tooils Included Free We pay railroad fare to Chicago on all cash enrollments. The tool set is included--absolutely free--regardless of what pay- ment plan you use. Free Employment Service Our employment department has more jobs than it can fill at the present time. We help you get the right sort of job, and wa stand back of you for life with help and advice. You may return at any time--without charge--to ‘‘brush up’’ on any subject, or to learnabout latest developments aad inventions. ‘he employment department provides part time jobs for men who wish to earn extra money while in training. Send This Coupon NOW Do not delay and let this chance slip by. Send the coupon right now, and by return mail you will get our free electrical book and full information about our amazing offer. /rite or print your name and address very carefully, please, clip the coupon and send it in at once. Lea ee ee some costing as high as $400 each. Complete armature and stator department, with up to date equipment for winding, © Erwin Greer, President, Greer College, Electrical Division, a taping at forming. Fe Bungalow--right in the ana oe B = Dept. 302,)2024 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago. 4 earning house wiring. paratus for testing action of motors Nes e , ee and _ starters under diferent loads. Rotary converters, alternat- ' t lease send me your free book and offer for Electrical course. a ing current generator, high tension line, automatic telephone t is understood | am not obligated in any way. q panel -- you learn about these and many other devices -- by actually using them for real electrical problems. L NN oa dade rt he oie ncn cnanhasteeenies 1 Made Simple and Easy a ie A Our remarkable training plan makes the course doubly inter- | POSS. we ee eee cece rece cece secs cree cece ccces a esting and very easy. Simple experiments begin the very first a q day--with a friendly, helpful instructor always at hand. ° Lee ee ee ee ee ee a ee ee Su BEEBE BRE TBE Ee ¥ sionand self-consciousness canbequickl Interesting, instructive, illustrated FREE_ how toattain poise and acharming personality, gain courage, control and confidence, and win success in love, social or busi- ness affairs, Sent free and postpaid. Write forit TODAY. RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Station 7 , JACKSON, MICH. COPY THIS SKETCH and let me see What you can do with it. Cartoonists trained by this school are earning from $50.00 to $200.00 or more per week. The Landon Picture Chart Method of teaching makes original drawing easy tolearnat home ii spare time. pend sketch with 6c in stamps for f. Hl information and sample chart to test your ability. Please state age. HE LANDON SCHOOL 1451 National Bldg. © CLEVELAND, 0. sae S sug) Are You Timid or Self-Conscious? Bashfulness, timidity, blushing, confu- yee REATISE tells Earn $2,000 to $10,000 a Year! Why work for small pay? Learn a good trade. Know autos—how to repair 4 them. Get 2a better job—Now! Or a business of your own. Learn in a few weeks here at the great auto-trade school in the heart of the auto industry. Think of the repair work on eighteen million cars! There are not nearly enough trained men to do this work. TRAINED Auto Men Are Wanted! You ean be a skilled mechanic and auto electrician and Earn Big Money. Experience not necessary. If you are mechanically inclined come to Detroit now to the Old Reliable ‘‘Michigan State.’ Learn Autos in Detroit THE HEART OF THE INDUSTRY g ’ Here you have wonderful advantages. Study autos, trucks, engines, auto electricity, tractors. All on best equipment, up-to-date. Many new cars including Packard “Straight Eight” with four wheel brakes, Buick Six (feur wheel brakes), Oakland (four wheel brakes), new Oldsmobile, Hupp, Reo, Hudson, many others. Hundreds of engines and electrical systems. Expert instructors to teach you; a thorough course that slights nothing. ‘isit the great plants of Ford, Cadillac, Packard, Lincoln, Dodge, Hupp, Hudson, Studebaker, many others. These great companies endorse this School. Get factory endorsed training at Detroit, the Auto Center. Good Positions Open. Here’s your chance to be in- dependent. The demand for trained auto men is greater » thanthesupply. Oppertuni- Ger THe Facrs - Topay / eer tt tT ties every- where. Write * today for full in- formation about Detroit training to make the most money. Michigan State Automobile School 583 Auto Building Detroit, Michigan MICHIGAN STATE AUTOMOBILE SCHOOL 583 Auto Building, Detroit, Mich. Send me FREE and without obligation complete infor- mation about Detroit-training to make the most money. ° NE OO TR I e Eiheids:0ncs.0s cba ee nes ene enenwawemes i aks ang aro ena eyeing 2 STE ee ce taalee I am interested_in 1 Resident Course at your school. ] Home Study Course.

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How a Million Lights Paint the Gay White Way (Continued from page 37) when they climb a little too high on a sign before it is entirely bolted, but when they feel a sign sway beneath their weight, they slide down a few feet to a safer place. The electricians follow the iron work- ers, placing the letters. and other parts of the sign. Next comes the wiring job, which requires the greatest amount of time of the entire construction. The electric light sockets are already in place on the previously painted letters, which have been cut, bent and punched by machinery out of great pieces of sheet metal. When thé wiring is completed, the circuits are tested carefully, and finally the electric lights are screwed in. All these problems illustrate the tre- mendous amount of work that goes on behind the scenes of the Gay White Way. When you think of the expense they in- volve, you can see why the job of the night patrol is so important. Splashing Manhattan nights with gold is a $20,000,- 000 industry. Rentals of fifty or a hun- dred thousand dollars a year are paid for some of the larger signs. In return for the rental, the sign must sparkle unfail- ingly from one hour after sunset until 1 o'clock in the morning. If the lights go out, the sign company must pay its client a rebate, which is really a heavy fine for the patrol’s failure to keep the sky fires burning. On this particular evening we had cov- ered the regular street beat and then sought the roof without detecting any trouble. “Aren’t your nights ever more event- ful?” I asked. “Some of us do have odd experiences,” my guide admitted. “One-of the men once noticed certain lights going out reg- ularly at the same time every night. He would replace the shattered bulbs and perhaps find them broken again before midnight. He couldn’t solve the mystery until he played detective, hiding in the shadows of the roof. Then he discovered that some crazy idiot with an air rifle was testing his marksmanship on the sign from a neighboring hotel window. “Of course in the old days there used to be wild times in these huts, with switches getting stuck, with short circuits, fuses blown out—trouble all the time. A man or a crew was always slav- ing like the firehold gang on a ship, just to keep the juice flowing. The signs were as unruly as the temperamental prima donnas in the theatre underneath them. ; “But nowadays everything works au- tomatically like a charm. Real trouble comes not from a storm like this so much as from a less violent one. Those clear, bright-blue signs up there are lit with 75- watt nitrogen lamps. Each bulb is sear- ing hot to the touch within a few moments after the sign goes on. If a single blob of icy cold snow, or cold rain, hits one of those sizzling bulbs, it may go blooey. In a few minutes, under such conditions, lamps may begin to pop here and there and everywhere and the sign will look as though it had the mange. Fifty per cent (Continued on page 155) NIG

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Instruments FREE 7° Students Your choice of a Violin, Tenor Banjo, Hawaiian Gu- tar, Banjo, Cornet, Ukulele, Banjo Ukulele, Guitar, Mandolin or Banjo Mandolin. You will be proud to Own any one of these instruments and you can have one absolutely free. A few cents a day for lessonsis your only expense. Our system of teaching is so easy that you can play several pieces by note with the first four lessons. We guarantee success or no charge. Instrument and lessons sent on one week’s free trial. Write for booklet today, no obligation. CHICAGO CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL OF MUSIC Orchard and Willow Streets, Dept.30, Chicago, lIilinois

EasytoDraw Cartoons When Shown in the RIGHT WAY Some of the cleverest cartoonists and comic artists learned how to draw in their spare time by foilo Cartoonist Evans’ Simple and Easy to Learn Metho and are now MAKING GOOD MONEY. Send one of your drawings, and let Mr. Evans see if you have ability and receive the Portfolio of Cartoons and full details about the course. It is not expensive. THE W. L. EVANS SCHOOL OF CARTOONING 825 Leader Building Cleveland, Ohio

truction. practice--just 20 bri {ng lessons, easily mastered. At Home in Your Spare Time Send for FREE BOOK. Learn many styles of bass and syncopation--trick end- Ss. 4 a SS ) you A wondertal booklet ¥ Fae tain at Piano’ -- many new tricks, stunts, etc. $100 in Prizes See Cash Prize Offer on Page

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March, 19 of the |] are slu snow, bad ha right a “WI are bu shin uy the ex] ‘N' crawlil monke your 1 the st that’s nar shatte “Bi one ol time the sp those ments a even there “ T wron) see, t tence frame with sign 2,000 pane time. “sy nism the ] pane there of fi mak are. <c the extr on acrd lett sign be «

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ive 18 rst "+ 2 eS fame we (Ge “SS fassS?s @ TR'S “SO Me! aoe March, 1926 How a Million Lights Paint the Gay White Way (Continued from page 154) of the lights may go; but if the hot lamps are sluiced all over with rain, or melting snow, they aren't affected. Of course a bad hailstorm will sometimes smash bulbs right and left. “When one of us sees that the lights are bursting. there's nothing to do but shin up the face of the sign and replace the exploded bulbs. “K7O, IT isn’t particularly risky. Of course, it’s a cold and slippery job, crawling around up there like a frozen monkey, and sometimes it’s hard, with your numb, gloved fingers, to screw out the stub of the broken lamp. But once that’s done, all you have to do is screw in a new one and crawl on to the next shattered socket. “But the time the golden raindrops on one of the big signs fell wpward, and the time the famous kitten was chased by the spool of thread instead of chasing it— those were really accidental maladjust- ments in the mechanism. “And some time ago, on a bitter winter evening, [ saw that traveling sign up there read, ‘On these hot days drink —.’ “That was a mistake in putting on the wrong roll, and was easily fixed. You see, those signs in which an endless sen- tence races from right to left in a wide frame are operated by a long roll punched with holes like a player-piano roll. The sign itself is solidly dotted with about 2,000 separate lamps in as many separate panels as there are letters visible at one time. “Inside a hut like this, is the mecha- nism—a big frame with rollers, over which the punched roll passes until it reaches a panel with as many contact points as there are lights on the sign. Then a set of fingers resting on the traveling strip makes contacts wherever the perforations are. “The result is that outside on the sign the letter ‘A’ flashes in the panel at the extreme right, then in the next, and so on until it has apparently moved clear across the sign to the left. All the other letters do the same, so it looks as if the sign itself were traveling. The rolls can be changed in an hour. ‘TTAHIS sign is called the motograph. The owner of the invention doesn’t have much to do now but sit in an office near here and watch his royalties pile up.” ; This winter the most complicated “Spectacular” in operation on Broadway ls a typewriter sign. The typewriter it- self as shown on the sign, measures 37 by 57 feet. and performs intricate movements while its messages seem to be typed out ona sheet of paper in letters three and one half feet high. Few people realize that this is the hun- dredth anniversary of the illuminated ‘ign. A century ago George Samuel Harris patented, in England, the first illuminated advertising sign—called it the Royal Patent Ambulatory Advertiser. t was mounted on a vehicle and driven through the street. It consisted of oiled Placards with candles inside. tee W. F. Kendt, Buffalo writes: Zeno Br. 2° Earne A Big Money-Making Business A Business to Enthuse Over—The “Ideal” Lawn Mower Sharpener A wonderful invention that sharpens lawn mowers sclentifi- cally—quickly— perfectly; does the work as nothing else can. FRED C. MILKERT OF ROSELLE, ILL., WRITES: “The Ideal Lawn Mower Sharpener put me in business, Starting in the basement of my home and forcing me now for the third time to move into bigger quarters. Today the dream of my life—a shop of my own—is realized. With a machine like yours and a little hustle any man can have a businessof his own and be independent.” IN ONE MONTH ddl » Mi t “I sharpened 994 lawn mow- ers last season, and the re- ceipts were nearly $2100.00 which is not bad for a side line.”’ Fred Milkert, Roselle, Ill., writes: ‘Last Junel sharpened 256lawn _. FRE Qhio, writes: “I made $820.70 in 55 days with my ‘Ideal’. Have made —— as $38,70 in one : he You Start Now No town too small. D.S. Newcomer of Vinton, Ia. writes: ‘‘People come from miles around and from other towns to have their mowers ground.”’ Lawn mowers are “dull—owners don’t know where to get them sharpened. Mowing the lawn dreaded because of dull or improp- erly sharpened mower. Lawn mowing healthful, in- vigorating and pleasant when mower is “Ideally” sharpened. You do the work scientifically—you are in big demand. Lawn Mowers Sharpened to Razor : People glad—owners delight . sharpened on an “Ideal”. Mowers run light—click-click- click and the grass is cut. Build permanent business for yourself, Start now! Write Today Detailed illus- trated catalog and booklet “Let George Say It.” Write today. The Fate-Root-HeathCo. @ *"~ 918-944 Bell St., Plymouth, Ohio . E. W. McCormick, Saginaw, Michigan, writes: “I have ground over 6,000 mowers during the past five years besides working at my trade.”’ in mowing lawn with mower 4 EB EG USE THIS—MAIL IT TODAY The Fate-Root-Heath Company 918-944 Bell St., Plymouth, Ohio Please mail at once free Illustrated Cata- log and Booklet ‘‘Let George Say It.’* od Many Agents Earn A Week A Selling Shirts. ° Others Earning $100 Weekly selling direct to wearer. Custom earality: Shirts made by Carlton, 5th Ave., N. Y. America’s greatest shirt values, silks, staples and exclusive pat- terns. We deliver and collect. Your profit: 25%. paid daily. Big, beautiful sample out- fit FREE. Permanent position. Salesmen and Saleswomen write today for outfit. CARLTON MILLS, INC., 98 FIFTH AVE. Dept. A-86 NEW YORK Class Rings and Pins Largest Catalog Issued—FREE Samples loaned class officers. Prices $.20 to $8.00 each. No order for class, society or club em- ¢ blems too large or too small. Special designs made on re- quest. METAL ARTS CO., Inc., 7706 South Ave., Rochester,.N. Y. to Mount Birds eH Learn at home to mount birds, ani- mals, game heads; tan furs, make rugs and robes. Complete lessons. Easiiy and quick learned by men, boys and women. ] FRE Book. Tells all about it. aA bao Every sportsman, trapper Nature lover should know this wonder- im ful fascinating art. Save your trophies. Big Success guaranteed. 75,000 grad- uates. Inves Write for Free Book. ool of Taxidermy 1783 Elwood Bldg., Omaha. Neb. Northwestern School of Taxidermy 0 tts, eiwood Bide. Omaha, Neb. Write for Free Taxidermy GRANDPA WALKED, FATHER MOTORED, NOW YOU CAN FLY ina LINCOLN SPORT PLANE, 100 miles per hour with 30 H. P. engine. Send 10c for illus- trated catalog. NN Blue Prints and Material now A, ready for Builders! Build youe * own plane and fly it yourself. LINCOLN STANDARD AIRCRAFT CORP. Lincoin, Nebraska Now you can throw away forever steel bands, chafing leg straps, and other heavy makeshift devices. For a well-known Ameri- can Scientist has found a new, easy way to support rupture assisted by means of a wonderful little invention, weighing less than 1-25 of an ounce. Not only do you do away with the objectionable pressure and tight strapping, but you eliminate the ‘coming down” of rupture which so frequently leads to strangulation. You can walk, run, exercise, cough with perfect ease. 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I need YOU with 100 firms BEGGING ME to send them more DRAFTSMEN. Many offer to take BEGINNERS, at $50 a WEEK. Many Graduates start at $90 and $10! GET BUSY! Drafting is the BIG field, men. Every in- dustry you can name BEGINS with the draftsman. Without mechanical drawings —by the ene shop in the land would be STOPPED. In fact, it is the SERIOUS SHORTAGE of draftsmen that brings this offer: J will furnish all instruments, supplies, even to the table, to those who start now! PAY AS YOU GO Port sive me the ex- cuse that you have no ready money for this golden opportunity. I am not so interested in cash; I want your application. I want at least 200 men to start right now. I want them ready to recommend by_ Spring! We will get a flood of letters saying “send us draftsmen,’’ from every sort of industrial eens concern, and we must make The first week’s pay envelope of many a Dobe-trained draftsman has held enough to cover the entire cost of the course! Most students learn evenings, keeping on with their old work until ready to step intosomc- body’s drafting room. The first. month equips you to take on simple drafting jobs on the side. It helps you learn; I gladly permit this. Well-Paid Sestiions Every Way You Turn A draftsman soon forgets the days when he used to wonder where to get a job. In- stead, he asks “‘What line of work interests me most?” And* “What part of the country suits me best?’’ Twenty of my graduates went to Florida this year; three are in Japan; last month one wrote me from Ceylon. And I wish we had the count of how many Dobe draftsmen have become chiefs! Positions loom up almost as soon as you are enrolled in a Dobe class! We receive requests daily for junior men—for men only partly through our course. ‘We’ ll take a beginner,’’ some concerns write us, “‘so long as he is a ,Dobe- trained man and has begun right!”’ IT’S EASY and interesting to learn drafting. For draftin,’ isn’t “‘drawing!’’ You don’t need anv “‘talent.’’ A draftsman uses fools for every line and every curve. You couldn’t make them crooked if you tried! That’s why drafting is so easily learned—and so inter- esting. For you do everything by rule. So, I guarantee to make anyone a finished drafts- man; if you can read and write, you can learn this line. One of my students is 51 = another is just seventeen. But they'll all be making @ grown-up salary by Spring! WARNING! The special offer of * tools is for gry action. Don’t expect me to hold it o —v Clip the coupon ow for on ook:

March, 1926

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When Ignition Goes Bad (Continued from page 66) “Well—let’s see,” Gus began thinking out loud, as he raised the hood. “Can’t be a dead battery because you would never have got it started again once it stopped on you. And it couldn’t be dirt in the carburetor because that wouldn’t have prevented you from starting with the starter. I wonder what the contact points look like?” he went on, as he snapped the spring hooks off the dis- tributor head and lifted it up. “Look here, Mr. Morrison,” he said. “Here’s the clue to the trouble. These points are badly burned. Much more so than they should be from almost any amount of use when everything is all right. I'll bet we find the trouble in the condenser.” ““Condenser!’ echoed Morrison sneer- ingly. “Say! What are you trying to put over on me? I wasn’t born yesterday. Condensers are those funny things with a lot of plates that move in and out when you turn the dials of a radio set. They don’t belong in automobiles.”

HAT kind don’t,” said Gus, “but there is a condenser in every auto on the road today. Here is yours. It’s just a number of layers of tinfoil separated by waxed paper. It is connected across the contact points in the timer; when they are pushed apart by the little cam there, the juice runs into the condenser instead of making a spark across the points.” Gus proceeded to remove the coil, and then he took the two parts to a corner of the workbench where he had a battery fitted with snap terminals, a switch made out of breaker contacts, and a pair of wires sticking up in the air about 3 of an inch apart. He connected every- thing up so that when he pressed the contact points together and_ released them, the spark from the coil should have jumped across between the two upper wires. ““Watch, now,” directed Gus, as he placed his thumb on the contacts and closed and opened them several times. EEMS all right to me,” exclaimed Morrison, as a feeble spark jumped across the gap at the third break of the contact points. “What do you expect— a regular flame?” “Sure it sparks some!” growled Gus. “Tt’s a durn skinny spark, though, and if you will keep your eye on the contacts here, you will notice that there is a fine, healthy spark between them every time I let go so they can separate. There oughtn’t to be hardly any spark at the contacts, and the only reason there is, is because the condenser is on the bum. You know a spark coil makes a spark at the plug because of the sudden stopping of the current flowing through the pri- mary coil by way of the contacts, and if the condenser allows a sort of a miniature are to take place at the contacts, it lets the current slow down gradually, and you get poor ignition. It worked when you cranked it because the battery volt- age was higher when you kept your foot off the self-starter.” (Continued on page 157)

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Look them over—read them as much as you want to; note the splendid photographs and drawings and then if you decide you want them, send us $2.00; then only $3.00 a month until only $19.80 is paid. That is all; nothing more to pay us. If you send NOW we will include Consulting Membership FREE Yes, we actually give you a certificate which en- titles you to free consultation on any subject related to automobile repairing. 18 specialized experts are at your disposal--ready at any time to help you. With this library and this consultation membership you ought to be able to soon know all there is to be known about autos. Don’t miss this special offer. SEND NOW. ttn tere Ladi oo re’ oS 1 ‘i AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY, ; i Automobile Division A-320, Chicago, III. a 4 You may send me your complete Automobile Engi- g I neering library, 5 big volumes bound in flexo covers, 4 with the understanding that I am to have ten days to decide if I want to keep them. I will either # f return them then or send you $2.00 then and $3.00 § per month until the special low price of only $19.80 g§ 38 paid. Send 1926 Edition. 1 Ls lca Gee AIAG iS RE near ee ere erie 1 t oo SSSR SEGUE SASH EN Ge SRO GOMES Sea memmarier : ; NE ks ic evws acics chink ha ; Eee ee cr eer eer | Agents Wanted Big Money No Investment Thousands of dollars income yearly! normous market for women’s shoes at factory prices! Take orders. Get paid daily. No capital required. We deliver, We fit, we collect. Spring big shoe buying season. Get early start. 35 popular, quick- selling Spring styles in Style-Arch line. Complete range of sizes; widths. Wonder- ul arch-support and other powerful sell- Ing features. Arch-support stops un- ‘arable foot pains caused by falling arches. Great selling point with women of all classes. Let extraordinary spring lusiness line your pockets with plenty money. Hustle! bie your application for territory today. This Bhly-suecessful pioneer company can place a few More good representatives. SIYLE-ARCH SHOE CO. Dept. C-24 Cincinnati, Ohio When Ignition Goes Bad (Continued from page 156) All right, put in a new one,”’ snapped Morrison. “I'll take your word for it, so don’t let’s waste any more time pala- vering about it. I’m in a hurry!” Joe, who had been listening, ducked into the stock room and reappeared with the proper instrument. Gus fitted it in place, and Morrison, after paying the bill, stepped on the starter and drove out without even a “thank you” to Gus. “What’s the use of being nice to a guy like that?” exclaimed Joe. ‘All that fine talk about coils and condensers went in one ear and out the other. I'll bet the next time the condenser lets go, he will be stuck again without knowing what the trouble is.” “Never mind,” replied Gus. “The old grouch will be around for a complete overhaul job pretty soon if he doesn’t take better care of that bus. It’s getting awful noisy already.” “DY THE way, Gus,” said Joe, “I knew most of that dope you gave him about condensers, but isn’t there some way you can tell when a condenser is getting too old and should be replaced?” “Not that I know of,’ Gus answered thoughtfully. “That’s one of the funny things about condensers. One might last for twenty years, or it might break down completely the day after it was put on the car. Morrison was lucky. His con- denser only partly broke down. Most times when a condenser lets go at all it goes dead completely. You may be run- ning along with everything working as fine as silk and then, without any warn- ing, the motor just stops, and, if you haven’t a spare condenser in the tool kit, the nearest garage is going to make some money towing your car in. “Yet lots of fellows think they are prepared for anything in the way of ignition trouble if they have a couple of spare spark plugs tucked away some- where, and the funny part of it is that you almost never have more than one spark plug go bad at a time, and you can always limp to the next garage on the remaining cylinders. * ANY time I am going on a long trip,” continued Gus, “you can be sure there is a spare condenser in the tool kit as well as a couple of spark plugs and a spare coil, besides a new breaker arm spring and contact points. I never got stuck yet so I couldn’t get home.” ** Well, condensers are one thing I don’t have to worry about on my car, anyway,” laughed Joe. “It hasn’t got any!” “Where do you get that stuff?” snorted Gus. “Your confounded puddle jumper has four of them—one in each of the spark coils. But I noticed a spare spark coil in your tool kit and that will take care of coil trouble and bring you home even if you are too dumb to know how it happened. *“Now suppose you put the rest of those guaranteed spark plugs in your tool kit—you ought to be able to get home from most anywheres with all those fine plugs to pick from!’ Gus concluded sarcastically. YOU CAN NOW LEARN HOW TO INVENT! —How to develop your imagination —How to develop your ideas —How to get the facts you need for inventions —-How to keep legal records of ideas —How to use scientific principles of mechanics —How to avoid wasting time on impractical inventions —How to apply for a patent —How to organize a company ~—How to protect your rights —How to market a patent and hundreds of other vitally important facts which EVERY successful inventor knows and uses. A remarkable new, and much needed, course which can be studied in spare time, at home. Make Your Ideas Pay You a Fortune You can now learn how to train your mind along scientific inventive lines. No longer need you let your mind wander in unprofitable fields. You can learn to think of worth-while ideas and make your ideas pay you money. The trouble with most people is that they do not know what to do with their ideas. Millions of dollars go to waste because of these undeveloped ideas. Now for the first time you can learn to harness your thoughts and make them work for you. One little invention, properly developed, may make you independent for life! You Are Born an Inventor Develop Your Ability Every man, woman and child is born with creative imagination. Some develop this faculty to a greater de- gree than others, and those who develop it to the great- est extent are successful inventors. Invention is an orderly process of the mind, which combines two or more known facts to produce a new fact. Anyone who develops the right mental process can be 1e an inventor. Every successful inventor has this type of mind, developed by constant experience over & eriod of perhaps many years. deretofore those who suc- ceeded in the field of inven- tion had to discover all the principles themselves. But, now, just as any student of medicine, law, or engineering can take full advantage of all the recorded experience in these fields of study, so can YOU take the same kind of short cut to the habits of thought, and the methods of wor required of successful inventors. Says Edison! “Invention Is a Science and Should Be Taught as a Profession.” Every inventor realizes the hopelessness of groping in the dark for the habits of thought and methods of work required for successful invention. Trying to invent without knowing the fundamental requirements of invention is like trying to build a bridge without knowing engineering. This is the first course in practical Invention that has ever been devised. Now you can take Edison's advice and actually learn HOW TO INVENT—how to make in- vention a profession! In simple, easy-to-understand language, you are told how successful inventors work; you learn how to use the secrets of invention that convert a simple little idea into money. > Amazing Book on FREE 4 Inventive Science Fortunes have been made by men who have thought of a ‘‘little’’ idea in a flash—the bottle top, the crimped hair- pin, the thin lead automatic pencil, the snap fastener— earned fortunes, yet there are as many fortunes lost by inventors who did not know just what to do about their ideas. A wonderful book explaining this wonderful new course written by 14 practical inventors has been pre- pared and will be sent free to those genuinely interested. f you have ever had an idea for an invention, or if you would like to become a spare-time or professional inven- tor, and if you would like. to know what to invent, send in your name at once on the coupon or a postal NOW! Only a limited number of these books are available for free distribution. BUREAU OF INVENTIVE SCIENCE 23 Wisner Bldg. ROCHESTER, N. Y. Tein eo 8 8 oe ee a UU BUREAU OF INVENTIVE SCIENCE, 23 Wisner Bidg., Rochester, N. Y. Please send me your free book, “The Science of Invention.” Raymond F. Yates

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eed More Money? Becomea SALESMAN A successful business executive has said,—‘If the average young man will prepare himself to be a sales- man, and stick to his work like many of them cling to a small-salaried job, I believe he can make a big- ger income and make it quicker than in any other occupation I know of. He doesn’t have to be a ‘born’ salesman; all he needs is a little ambition and the nerve to make a start.” You will be paid only what you are worth in any work. But as a salesman you are not lost in the shuffle; your efforts are individual, they are con- stantly under the eye of the boss. A business has to have orders—salesmen get them—and they get immediate recognition of increased business. Your income is limited only by your own ability. NEVER BEFORE Such a Training for Salesmen Make up your mind that within a year from now you are going to be a salesman. You can do it— hundreds of others sre. The common-sense way to prepare yourself is in spare time at home. The Federal Course in Creative Salesmanship brings you a practical training entirely new and different. It not only instructs you in every type and method of sélling. but goes far deeper and gives you a wonder- ful training in memory, concentration, will power, shows you how to analyze and think clearly, and build up your health and energy. It makes you a better man, at the same time you prepare for a big success in selling. Get this Book “The Vital Spark in Business” It describes in detail this modern scientific course of sales training. Learn of the master salesmen who have contributed their experience to it, for your guidance. Realize how simple, interesting, and result-producing is the proven Federal method of personal instruction, criticism and coaching. See for yourself the tremendous opportunities in this field, where the good man is constantly sought after. Start now for a bigger income, a successful life, by sending the coupon. State age and occupa- tion. Federal gchool— of SALESMANSHIP 351 Federal Schools Bldg.,Minneapolis,Minn. Please send your book, ‘‘The Vital Spark in Business.” Write your address plainly in margin 1 AAR Here Are Correct Answers to Questions on Page 52 1. No. Careful scientific records show no change, at least within the last cen- tury or two. Some winters are severe, others are less so. 2. Because the tongue has its nerves much nearer the surface and much more exposed than are the nerves in the skin. 3. So that you can get some idea of distance. When you look at anything, the eves have to point in slightly differ- ent directions so that both shall see the object. If the object is close, the eves must converge. Your brain perceives, unconsciously, the amount of this con- vergence. This gives you some idea of how far away the object is. 4. The growth of trees is marked by annual rings in the trunk, and the width of the rings tells us something about the rainfall—the more rain, the wider the ring of growth. Some of the Big Trees of California are 3000 years old. Their growth rings show that at the time of Christ the climate was moister than today. 5. Ancestors of the ostrich have lived for millions of years in countries where ability to run fast was more important than ability to fly. Accordingly, the wings have become useless. 6. No. The rear side never is turned toward us. The moon’s axis tips at times and discloses a little more than one hemisphere. | 7. A kind of éxygen. The molecules of ordinary oxygen contain two atoms of oxygen each. Ozone, on the other hand, contains three atoms of oxygen. 8. The metal of the spoon absorbs heat. This cools the first part of the liquid so that the glass is not heated quite so suddenly. 9. The conditions that caused the Great American Desert are typical. Rain in the western part of the United States comes mainly from the Pacific Ocean. Close to the ocean is a range ot moun- tains. Farther east is a still higher range. These two ranges cause the moist winds from the Pacific to rise high above the earth. This cools the winds. Most of the moisture then is condensed and falls as rain on the seaward slope of the moun- tains. Very little water is left in them to provide rain for the land farther east, so this land is desert. 10. No animal corresponding to the sea serpent is known. The many reports of sea serpents may be due to people see- ing a school of porpoises following each other. 11. Because it keeps the air away. Without oxygen rust cannot form. 12. To set the muscles in motion and thus increase the flow of blood. YOU ARE BADLY if you tack HANDICAPPED [722 Scho You cannot attain business or social prominence. You are barred from a successful business career, from the leading professions, from well- paid civil service jobs, from teaching and college entrance. In fact, em- ployers of practically all worth-while positions demand High School train- ing. You can’t hope to succeed in the face of this handicap. But you can remove it. Let the American School help you. FIT YOURSELF FOR A BIG FUTURE This course, which has been prepared by some of America’s leading professors, will broaden your mind, and make you keen, alert and capable. It is com- plete, simplified and up-to-date. It covers all subjects given in a resident school and meets all requirements of a High School training. From the first lesson to the last you are care- fully examined and coached. USE SPARE TIME ONLY Most people sdle away jifty hours a week. Probably you do. Use only one-fifth of your wasted hours for study and you can remove your present handicap within two years. You will enjoy the lessons and the knowledge you will gain will well repay the time spent in study. Check and mail the coupon NOW for full particulars and Free Bulletin. American School Dept. 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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY | I | 2D 1% y) re lak 3 Mn The World's Largest a} RAN: Exclusive Radio MailOrder [F% House Will Send You This Wonderful Book FREE! 64 illustrated pages containing thousands of bargains in radio sets, semi-finished sets and radio kits of all styles, sizes and approved circuits. 5-tube sets as low as $29.50. Beautiful models of the very latest designs and types. Elaborate console models with loud speakers built right in cabinets of genuine mahogany and walnut. Allsets guaranteed. Coast to coast re- ceiving range. Also contains everything in radio supplies, including batteries, chargers, loud speakers, transformers, condensers, rheostats and any other parts you may want for improving your set or building a new one. Guaranteed saving to you of 4 to 4. The Biggest §-Tube Value on the Market Positively the world’s greatest 5-tube radio bargain. Regular $75.00 value. Our large quantity production enables us to sell this set for only $29.50, fully built and wired in beautiful mahogany cabinet of latest design with sloping Bakelite panel of Satin finish, handsomely etched and en- graved as illustrated. Constructed of the finest low-loss condensers, coils S$ 2 @ 5 @ andsockets. Bakelite baseboard panel and dials, Price for set only. Transportation charges extra. Shipping weight 25 lbs, including the famous American Bell Loud Speaker ” batteries, one guaranteed 100 Ampere Hour storage ‘‘A” This set with all Accessories, battery, cable for battery connection, 5-201A tubes, Aerial and ground ii 5 7 s with adjustable unit, 2-45 volt ‘ equipment, and everything complete ready to set up and operate. Nothing else to buy. Price H H Save to 4. Sets on this page are typical examples of bargains throughout our catalog. Our guarantee pro Order Direct From This Page! tects you. Money cheerfully refunded ff you are not satisfied. Write your order and pe ote plainly. Send eae Transportation charges extra. Shipping weight 100 Ibs. office money order or bank draft for full amount to insure safety. Refer to any bank or commercial agency regarding our reliability. Columbia Grand §-Tube Console Set ‘57° Beautiful Walnut Cabinet in two- toned effect. Two door panelsinlaid ith hig ee 9 burl walnut. ches . Large, roomy interior for holding all batteries, ks, etc. The Columbia Grand is a 5-tube tuned radio frequency receiver. Coast to coast receiving range. Tune in stations desired— very selective. Has latest type, lows oss condensers, coils and sockets. Bakelite baseboard, sockets and dial knobs. Dials are beautifully etched in gold on walnut finish bakelite ies, battery charger, radio anel. Price for set only, full book of instructions, etc. uiltand wired—$57.95. Ye ily Transportation charges extra. Shipped by freight or express. This set with all accessories, which include 2-45 volt “‘B" batteries, one guar anteed 100 ampere hour storage ‘‘A’’ battery, 5-201A tubes, multicolocord cable for easy battery connection, aerial and ground equipment, instructions for setting up and operating—everything complete, nothing else to buy— Transportation charges extra. Shipped by freight or express. World’s Famous 8-tube Super-heterodyne. Fully mounted on panel and baseboard. Comes Completely assembled ready to wire and operate. We have testimonials from thousands of builders of this set. Some have re- ceived foreign stations on loop aerial, Unsurpassed in volume and tone quality. Low-loss straight line frequency condensers, vernier dials, finest quality rheostats. Matched Columbia —. wave transformers. Requires only three screws for attaching panel and baseboard and set is ready to wire and operate. 7x30 panel. Price of set only $43.75. Requires following accessories to complete this set: 7x30 cabinet, 8-201A tubes for stor= age battery operanon or No. 199 tubes for dry cell operation, 100 Ampere hour storage battery, 2-45V ‘*B” batteries, loud speaker, center tapped loop aerial. All these items are listed in our catalog, at a tremendous saving. Our semi-finished sets come with all parts mounted on panel and baseboard ready for wiring. Do not fail to send for our catalog. Remember—we are the largest exclusive radio mail order dealers in the world and carry the best of everything in radio. We save you 1-3 to 1-2 on everythimg in radio. Detailed descriptions appear in our catalog. Console Radio with built-in loud speaker and adjustable unit. Has compartments for storage ‘‘A’’ and ‘‘B’* battere Semi-Finished 5-Tube Radio Frequency Set This special offer is astounding the radio world. Coast to Coast reception on loud speaker. Low-loss condensers and sockets. Highest quality transformers. Bakelite rheostats. wiring concealed under Bakelite baseboard. 7x18 panel —fits into any standard 7x18 cabinet. Complete instructions for operating. Guaranteed saving to you of $50.00. ice of set all mounted, $18.75. Cabinet of same model as American Radynola pictured above $5.65 extra. Our line is complete, in- cludes all popular sets, such asSuperheterodyne, Neutrodyne, Ultradyne, Reinartz, Regenerative, Radio Frequency, Brown- ing-Drake, Super-Hetero- dyne Reflex and all other latest circuits. Kits, sets and parts by well-known manufacturers such as Frost, All-American, Thor- darson, Bremer Tully Bald- win Dubilier and Columbia. ULTRADYNE Complete parts for 8- Tube Ultradyne receiv- er, without cabinet, complete with blue- print, instructions and diagrams 5.85 NEUTRODYNE Genuine Licensed Neu- trodyne kit of partscome fully assembled on the Panel and with complete instruc- tions ready to wire $29.75 baseboard Died COCKADAY 3-tube Cockaday kit of parts, fully assem- on panel and baseboard ready to wire $15.85 REMLER 8-TUBE SUPER HETERODYNE Complete parts for Best 45 Kilocycle Super - Heterodyne Genuine Remler parts $49.50 ULTRA-AUDION One-tube Ultra-Audi- on. Wizard of radio. Fully assembled and ready to wire, with instructions $6.35 BROWNING DRAKE 4-tube complete low- loss parts $32.40 HARKNESS 2-tube reflex kit of parts, fully assem- bled on panel and baseboard, ready to wire, complete ine structions $16.95 Catalogiricludes list of broad- Casting stations, general radio information and facts about our free service division. Write for it today. 159 N. Union Ave. Dept. 259 RANDOLPH RADIO CORPORATION Chicago, Illinois OUR GUARANTEE Every article exactly asrepree sented. Every articleistested before shipping. satisfaction guaranteed. Complete © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6,

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY March, 19% ‘ who tests your tubes? HO makes the vacuum tubes you use? is one important question. Who tests them? is another. The same great research laboratories that de- veloped the MAZDA lamp have developed the Radiotron. The five great factories that manufacture the MAZDA lamp, manufacture the Radiotron. And the same genius and the same scrupulous accuracy are behind the test methods developed for the RCA test labo- ratories. You would not think of putting into your lightingsocket today, anything buta MAZDA lamp. Why put into your radio socket, any- thing but an RCA Radiotron—backed by the same skill, the same engineering and manufacturing resources? A Radiotren is far more difficult to make than an electric lamp. It demands accuracy to the hundredth of an inch. It demands «ten million times rarer exhaustion of the air from the tube. And to guard against error in the turning out of hundreds of thousands of Radiotrons—to insure the high standards of uniform perfection that have made fa- mous the names of RCA, General Electric and Westinghouse, the RCA laboratories have developed tests delicately exact. When you buy a vacuum tube—know who made and tested it. Look for the RCA mark and the name Radiotron on the base. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA CHICAGO NEW YORK SAN FRANCISCO RCA-Radiotro MADE BY. THE MAKERS OF RADIOLAS IS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. R. R. CONNELLEY & SONS CO., PRINTERS, CHICAGO.