Popular Science Monthly 1926-01: Vol 108 Iss 1

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cience ©) yt nee ‘ Foun MONTHLY «7 “ —_ nome WORKSHOP.” REMINGTON / SCHUYLER / -2.5- How to make acs new wend thrilling winged toboggan. Page 72 [25 CENTS Inventions I Hope to Make—Edison “ rf. =

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No matterwhat set you buy, be sure the dealer puts in genuine Radiotrons: UV-199 $2.50 UX-199 $2.50 UX-120 $2.50 UV-201-A $2.50 UX-201-A $2.50 UV-200 $2.50 UX-200 $2.50 WD-11 $2.50 WD-12 $2.50 WX-12 $2.50 UX-112 $6.50 UX-210 $9.00 Rectrons: UX-213 $7.00 UX-216-B $7.50 A“UX” or WX” tube is the same as the corresponding ci Of ated or “s7T>°* tube, except in the design of the base. Radiotron UV-201-A, standard high- vacuum tube for storage battery Sets. Y €very Christmas Radio Set use only genuine RCA Radiotrons FAD all the claims of all the makers of radio sets—and then remember this when you buy— that getting what is claimed for a set depends upon the quality of the vacuum tube put into it. You cannot get clearness—you cannot get distance—you cannot get volume—unless the tubes get it. That is why it is so important to look at the base of every tube, to be sure it is a genuine RCA Radiotron. A great gift for any fan.— at $259 A radio fan will appreciate a “spare” Radiotron, just as an autoist appreciates a spare tire. But the Radiotron—a genuine RCA Radiotron—costs only $2.50. If you note what make of set a man owns, any dealer can tell you which type of Radiotron he uses, and you can give him exactly what he would choose for himself. for owners of Super-Heterodynes — the new power tube Every owner of a Radiola Super-Heterodyne can bring his set right up-to- date with the latest im- provement, if you give him the new dry battery power Radiotron UX-120, and the adapter. The adapter costs but $1.50. And this new tube means great volume with better tone than ever! RADIO .GORPORATION OF AMERICA Fcasd, 3 ° ** SEW, YORK SAN FRANCISCO MADE BY THE MAKERS: OF RADIOLAS

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) January, 1926 How Kolster 5 = RADIO’S cA Parade of Stations One station after another parades by as you turn the Kolster regulator. Whatever is on the air comes in easily, perfectly. KOLSTER RADIO PORREFE sie ~ od 1 “LOST CHORDS” Subtle overtones now developed. A won- drous achievement in tonal perfection Reproduction such as you've never heard before. The climax in reception, the ideal in reproduction. . Your ear will instantly detect Kolster : superiority. You'll recognize a broader range of notes, all the delicate shadings and indi- viduality. If Zimbalist plays, it is Zimbalist—as if you were actually in the studio. There is no interference, no mufflling, no exag- gerations or repressions. If the President makes a speech, if McCormack sings, if Lopez jazzes, if Godowsky plays the piano— —whoever or whatever is broadcast is reproduced faithfully. A Kolster neither adds to nor subtracts from broadcasting. So now comes new reality. All the rich tonal coloring in its natural beauty— not mere sound but vivid, lifelike. Model 6 is a six tube, antenna set, loud speaker enclosed, ample And all with simplicity. Just turn from space for rectifier and all bateeries one station to another. The Kolster hasa ~ t single control. No “tricky” tuning with gf; numerous dials. No chart of strange '¢; numbers. al Free from interference. No howls. No fz, background noises. No overlapping of stations. In short, the radio you've expected. The refinements you've wanted. Radio“ at its best. To hear a Kolster gives a new thrill. It sets new standards. Hear the Kolster in your own home or at a Kolster dealer’s shop. Five beautiful models. De luxe, but not expensive. ~~ Pee FeperAL TELEGRAPH COMPANY Cof California) Woolworth Building, New York City This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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JANUARY, 1926; Vol. 108, No. 1 25 cents a Copy; $2.50 a Year Popular Science Monthly The Magazine of Invention and Discovery Published in New York City ai 250 Fourth Avenue Features in This Issue LL outdoors is the Remington Schuyler, the where, we think you will agree, has he portrayed the tingling thrill of winter more master- fully than in the painting on the cover of this issue. If this picture makes you want to build a winged toboggan and try it on the nearest hill, your we enthusiasm will be doubled when you read the graphic description of this fascinating new winter sport by its orig- inator. Turn to page 72. * & & HETHER clothes make the man or not, it is fairly certain that spotted and shabby clothes never get a man very far. For every one who values the measure of self-respect to be drawn from a neat appearance, the article by an expert dry cleaner on page 23 holds a wealth of useful information on a little understood subject. studio of noted American Indian painter; but no- ee. 4 The autogiro, amazing flying machine, that flaps its wings like a bird, described on page 13 of this issue FTER all that has been said and written about memory and how to improve -it, a Columbia Uni- versity professor at last has really hit the nail on the head on page 26 of this issue. He offers us no short cut to perfect memory. Instead he shows us how we can manage more efficiently the marvelous filing system of our minds and so increase its working capacity. Professor Robert S. Wood- worth also cites interesting in- stances of men who have nat- urally remarkable memories. § * & & Hire you been caught by the hard coal shortage? There’s a sure way to beat th problem, as you will learn when you turn to the articl: on page 34. It tells you just how you can burn soft coal in your furnace almost, if not quite, as ef fectively as anthracite. * & & HAT often - dreamed - of achievement—vertical flight from the roofs of buildings and homes—may be brought a step nearer reality by the remarkable flying machine, the autogiro, pictured here. On page 13 you will read of its re- markable test flight. And 200 Other Articles and Pictures, including— Page Popular Science Institute of Standards..... : 6 OS eee ee ; 9 By Thomas L. Masson The Invisible Lifeline of the Sea............. 11 By Peter Vischer Flaps Its Wings like a Bird............... = hd By Arthur A. Stuart Inventions Edison Still Hopes to Make....... 14 By John R. McMahon NITES oy 0163 sos oi cles 6 6:04 4:05 92% Wee 16 By Houdini Is This the Face of Future Man?............ 19 By Ernest Brennecke, Jr. South American Snake Farm................ 20 By Francis Gow-Smith ae eee 22 What a Cleaner Has Learned................ 23 By Watson G. Clark ee ee ee 25 By Newton Burke Is Your Memory Badly Managed?........... 26 By Robert S. Woodworth, Ph.D. SO “eee a ae 28 By Truman Stevens Prize-Winners in the August Contest......... 31 Where Old Houses Go............ Venenuee 33 When Burning Soft Coal.... Pree ark 34 Tracking the Killer by His Bullets........... 36 Page Mechanical Farm Hand Milks Cows......... ‘ 38 Paper Boards and Boxes from Waste......... 38 Boys Build Scenic Railway.................. 39 American Home Shipped to France.......... 39 Auto Carries Wire Cutter... ................ @ Taking a Sawmill into the Forest............ 40 OER hoe oasis ts etal Seis, oN op! oe. 10 v0.16 40 Powder Puff Can Be Changed Easily......... 41 “Vacuum Cleaner’’ Unloads Cargoes......... 41 A rh EN oon ois 0 8 ete 5 isp o'9. 8 bo 805 42 Queer Boats and Their Skippers............. 43 Paris Has Moving Sidewalks................ 44 Fresh Coffee for Every Customer........ .. 4 Five-Pound Motion-Picture Outfit........... 44 Refiectors Teach how to Draw.............. 45 Styles in Industrial Gas Masks.............. 45 Science Is Putting New Ideas to Use......... 46 Unusual Products of Handicraft............. 48 - Have You Seen Them Any Bigger?...... 49 Camp Fire Girl Made of Butter......... ee Laghthouse Is a RadioGet .. 2.5... 6c. cecc ces 5 Where Roots Are Dug for Pipes............. 56 5 5 5 Cycle Car from Airplane Parts.............. 51 Four Bottles Support an Elephant........... 51 Trzeveling Dolls Teach First Aid............. 51 Radio Set Made into a Book................ 51 Newest Marvels of Aviation................. $2 oe OC ee are 54 ; Page Boat Guided by Beam of Light.............. 54 PAMEOMATC DAUMIC AUTRE. 65 5.6.6.5 0:0 wre 0 sha 0'e'0 54 Foot Toboggans a Novel Sport.............. 54 He Invents New Golf Game................. 55 Embossing Machine Aids Blind Printers...... 55 Canvas ‘‘Lap” Gathers Fruit................ $5 aramme Cop RB emapnore.,...........c..cce es 55 16 Answers to Housewives’ Problems ........ 56 Coins Sorted and Counted Automatically..... 58 OGIRAT ACARED MBO UPIAL. «5. so 0.60660 0s boo secs 58 Rod Holder for Lazy Fishermen............. 58 Pencil Writes in Five Different Colors........ 59 Measuring Wear on Trousers................ 59 Charcoal Gas Substitute for Gasoline......... 59 A Loudspeaker You Can Build.............. 60 By Alfred P. Lane Unusual Hook-Ups and Ideas in Radio....... 62 What 10,000,000 People Like to Hear........ 63 PNOW PAUCO WICUINE goss cc wc cc teense ass 65 REOUTID PrOtRE WOOT CAE oo 65k cc este esses 66 By Martin Bunn Userul tints for Car Owners... ......6.0ccees 68 Home Workshop............ 71 Better Shop Methods........ 76 And Other Timely Articles and Pictures POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Issued monthly. Single copy, 25 cents. Yearly subscription to United States, its possessions, and Canada, $2.50; foreign countries, $3. Enteredfas matter Dec. 28, 1918, at the Post Office at New York under the act of March 3, 1879; additional entry as second-class matter at Dunellen, N.J. En second-class matter at the Post: Office Department, Canada. Copyright 1925, by the Popular Science Publishing Co., Inc. second-class tered as Printed in U.S. A. The contents of this magazine must not be reprinted without permission. editorial columns numerous stories of new products of applied science, POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY does not underwrite the business methods of the individuals or concerns producing them. The use of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY articles, or quotations from them for stock-selling schemes is never authorized. O. B. Capen, President and Treasurer; R. C. Wilson, Vice-President; A. L. Cole, Secretstry. In presenting in its Br

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Ge * we eee ee we fe 1 ° January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY EXPERTS rand IN. RADIO’ AGOUSTIES SINCE 1908 The Brandes Cone— a truly decorative bit of furniture that con- ceals a remarkable speaker, horn of graceful lines and antique green and black finish. Great in vol- ume—true in tone. Adjustable. The Type H—a-_ The Brandes Cabinet of _ mahogany, finished in walnut brown. The same unit, quality of tone and even greater volume than the Type H Speaker. The Adjustable Table-Talker. Gooseneck horn. Finished in brown —felt-padded base. Adjustable. A most satisfactory buy, The Superior Matched Tone Headset is now, asalways, idealtotune in with—to listen un- disturbed and undis- turbing. Offered at a new low price . The Audio Transformer— amplifies at an unusually high ratio—1 to 5. Two steps of amplification may be used without transform- er distortion. Send for an interesting booklet describing Acoustics by Brandes. - Brandes ProductsCorp. 200 Mt. Pleasant Ave. Newark, N. J. © Copyriehted b Brandes Products Corn —1926 The Phonograph Attach- ment—a splendid speaker with any good phonograph. Same unit as Type H horn. Adjustable and furnished with a connection to fit all phonographs, Thenew Brandes speak- ers—perfected now after many busy years of ex- periment — give new clarified mellowness to the low tones, new rounded sweetness to the high. Be sure your set is in its best voice—always—with acoustics by Brandes. © rIS} This seal an a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. _ See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY CAre You Looking for January, 1926 Turn to ‘Pages 120 to 150 You’ll find in our new section “Money- Making Opportunities” just the Opportunity you seek! 0 rou WANT to make money? Are you dissatisfied with your job, your salary, your future? Do you envy those who are better paid than you? There’s just one sure way to get ahead, to climb out of the small pay rut—and that way is through Train- ing. And there are several ways to get the right kind of training for the job you want to fill—through home study from a reputable correspondence school, through technical books, or through a short course in a residence trade school. A New Service to Readers of Popular Science Monthly Popular Science Monthly is the meet- ing place for those who want training and, those who are expert in giving it. Thousands of men and boys have been started on the road to greater earning power through advertiséments in this magazine. Now, as an added service to you—to make it easier for you,to decide on the training you wish—we have grouped all advertisements of this kind in our new section, “Money-Making Opportunities.” You’ll find it on pages 120 to 150 of this issue. It will pay you to turn to these pages—to read over carefully the ad- vertisements of schools and books cov- ering the field in which you are most interested—and then to act! Choose the line of work that appeals to you most, and write to the advertisers in that line for full particulars of their training. °“What’s Your "future? How Thousands Have Already Won Success Men with no experience, with little education, with nothing to help them but their own ambition to be some- body, have found success through ads in Popular Science Monthly. They saw the announcements of courses of train- ing here. They sent the coupons, de- cided which offered them the best op- portunity, and then, through the train- ing they received, rose quickly to po- sitions of responsibility and greater earning power. It will pay you to read, “Money-Ma- king Opportunities” {PAGES 120 to 150} $100 in Prizes! FULL DETAILS OF THIS BIG OFFER AND THE WINNERS IN LAST MONTH’S CONTEST WILL BE FOUND ON PAGE120 Clerks have become star satlesmen— farm boys have become electrical ex- perts—bookkeepers have become ex- pert accountants. Men who had never before been able to earn more than $25 or $385 a week, are now making $50, $75, $100 and more. And they don’t work half so hard. But they are trained men—specialists in their field —and it’s trained specialist, not the unskilled and untrained worker,: who gets the big money. You Risk Nothing When You Write for Details You can get all the facts about any Course of training advertised under “Money-Making Opportunities” with- sin the slightest obligation to your- self. : Hence you don’t risk a thing when you answer an advertisement of train- ing in Popular Science Monthly. You will lose nothing—and you~ open up for yourself bigger opportunities, a bright future, more and better chances to earn big pay, than you ever had before. What Others Have Done You, Too, Can Do! The men who found success through Popular Science ads aren’t any smart- er or more ambitious than you. They only had the same opportunity that you have now. They simply decided what they wanted to do—and then did it. Make your decision today. Be a “doer’—not a “wisher.” Start now to study the “Money-Making Oppor- tunities” on pages 120 to 150 of this magazine. It may be the turning point of your life! IF Get started now on the Road to Success—see pages 120-150 p>) Sanva 3 x

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eS et OS 2 ee ee ee eee eee ee Oe vu we LO ed oe eee na, a a Pres Made the Tycos Way HOUSANDS of pies a day, hundreds of thousands a year—every one with crisp, flaky crust and the fill- ing baked just right. : Uniformity in product, the all essential in modern baking on a quantity basis, is made possible by the use of Zyeos Electric-Contact Temperature Control. No longer do bakers depend on the labor-wasting hand adjust- ments of the gas valve with the inevitable variations in temperature that means spoilage and delays in delivery. The uniformity that bakers get can be had in home baking if the Taylor Oven Thermometer is used. Guesswork and uncertainty in baking and in every other industry em- ploying heat processes have been eliminated by the use of Zyeos Instruments or Indicating, Recording and Controlling Temperatures—the Sixth Sense of Industry. If you use heat in your manufacturing processes—whether for making armor-plate or baking enamel on cuff buttons, for making rubber tires or hatching eggs or making paints, metalware, furniture or any other product that goes through heat treating processes, you need in your plant Jycos Instruments for Indicating, Recording and Controlling Temperatures. To Manufacturers | Jeos Engineers have effected substantial economy for manufacturers in every line of industry by applying the Jos “Sixth Sense.” Whatever your problem in the indica- ting, recording or controlling of heat, there is a Jeos Instrument to serve you. Write us for literature on any instrument, or type of instrument, and it will be sent promptly. Or, if you prefer, our engineers will consult with you on the application of the Zeos Sixth Sense in your plant. laylor [Instrument Companies Main Office and Factory ROCHESTER, N. Y. . . U.S.A. Canadian Plant: Zcos BUILDING, TORONTO SHORT & MASON, LTD., Manufacturing Distributors in Great Britain ——— ee erat RDI ure POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY SIXTH SENSE OF INDUSTRY nstruments + CONTROLLIN Zycos Office Thermometers An aid in promoting human efficiency. Zycos Bath Thermometers To enable you to get the most good from your bath. Taylor Home Set Bake Oven Thermom- eter, Candy Thermom- eter, Sugar Meter. The secret of accurate ree sults in cooking. Tycos Wall Thermometers To help you maintain a temperature in your house conducive to good health. Tolor Quality Compasses To show you the right way in unfamiliar country. Fycos Fever Thermometers A necessity in every home. Tyeos Stormoguide Farecasts the weather twenty-four hours ahead with depend- able accuracy. Fos Hygrometer To enable you to keep the humidity of the atmosphere in your home correct at all times. Your dealer will show them to you. Ask us, on a postal, for booklets on any of the above, She Sorneet Profession \ Zycos Sphygmomanometer, Pocket and Office types. Zeos Urinalysis Glassware. Zeos Fever Thermometers. Bulletins on request. 1S} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6

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How Battery Chargers Are Tested Professor Barrett testing a number of battery chargers submitted to the Popular Science Institute of Standards for approval. Notice the highly sensitive recording meters that make it possible to obtain accurate records of the charger performance in thorough, continuous tests POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 Separating the Good from the Bad in Battery Chargers ,' YITH the many powerful radio sets now in use, the majority of which operate most satisfac- torily on storage batteries, the selection of a good battery charger is an important. problem to many. It is most essential that the batteries be in first class condition if the receiving set is to give reception of the first order. And it requires a battery charger of the best type to keep the batteries in such a condition. The choice of a battery charger is, therefore, worthy of the same careful consideration as is generally given to the selection of the set itself. The tests that the Popular Science Institute of Standards makes on battery chargers are no whit less exacting and thorough than are made on radio receiving sets. There are five points for which the Popular Science Institute of Standards tests battery chargers. The first of these is to determine the charging rate. The exact rate for different battery conditions —partly charged, completely charged, ete.—is found. Tapering characteristics are checked. The next point to be determined is whether the charger requires adjustment and how often this adjustment is required. This is a very important consideration, for the large majority of people who purchase battery chargers are not techni- eally familiar with their construction and will not be able to get complete satisfac- tion from a charger that requires frequent and complicated adjustment. By Prof. Sampson K. Barrett Chief Engineer of battery and bat- tery-charger tests, Popular Science Institute of Standards The third point for which a charger is tested is general efficiency. If a charger’s cost of operation is so high that it offsets the economy of using a charger, it is not approved by the Popular Science In- stitute of Standards. It then is determined whether the © © © POPULAR SCIENCE Monthly Guarantee The above seal on an advertisement indicates that the products referred to have been approved after test by the Popular Science Institute of Standards. Popular Science Monthly guaran- tees every article of merchandise advertised in its columns. Readers who buy products advertised in Pop- ular Science Monthly may expect that these products will give abso- lute satisfaction under normal and proper use. Our readers in buying these products are guaranteed this satisfaction by Popular Science Monthly. THE PUBLISHERS. © - 2 charger has an indefinite life, or whether there are parts that must be replaced. In the case of the latter, life tests are conducted on the replaceable parts. If the charger is to give satisfactory and economical service, these parts must be reasonably durable and lasting. Quietness in operation is the fifth and final point for which the Institute tests battery chargers. No charger is approved unless its mechanical and electrical con- struction is such that it permits reasonably quiet operation. To make these tests, a battery charger is connected with a supply in the In- stitute laboratory just as the user would connect it. Manufacturer’s directions are followed exactly, thus determining whether these are sufficiently full and explicit. Meters of high sensitivity then are introduced. The illustration at the top of the page shows quite clearly how these meters are connected. The recording meters make it possible to obtain exact records of the charger performance in continuous tests. A charger that has passed these tests by the Popular Science Institute is certain to add to, and not detract from, the general efficiency of a radio receiving outfit. Readers of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY who are contemplating the purchase of a battery charger, or any other radio or tool products, can secure a list of tested equipment by addressing the Popular Science Institute, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York, N. Y. ° Send for List of Approved Products

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26 ler od. ire ing rth 1 = January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY NG Balkite Battery Charger This popular battery charger is en- tirely noiseless and can be used while the radio set is in operation. If your battery should be low you merely turn on the charger and op- erate the set. Charging rate 2.5 am- peres. Operates from 110-120 AC 60 cycle current. Special model for 50 cycles. Also for 25-40 cycles with 1.5 ampere charging rate. Price $19.50 West of Rockies, $20 In Canada, $27.50 Balkite Trickle Charger Can be connected to the usual 6- volt battery and left on permanent (or trickle) charge. Automatically charges the “A” battery and sup- plies *‘A’’ current from the light socket. With small batteries (4-volt and small 6-volt) can be used as an intermittent charger of the usual type. Or it can be used as a trickle charger if a resistance is inserted to cut the charging rate to the needs of the set. As an added convenience to trickle charging some owners add a switch which cuts out the charrer and turns on Balkite ““B” during operation, making both power supplies automatic in operation. Charging rate .4 to .5 amperes. Size 54 x2% x5 inches. Fits in usual dry cell compartment. Cur- rent consumption 1/10¢ per hour. Operates from 110-120 AC 60 cycle current. Special model for 50 cycles. Price $10 West of Rockies, $10.50 In Canada, $15 BALKITE BATTERY CHARGER - ar, uip your set with Balkite Radio Power Units ‘They provide unfailing, uniform current for both circuits Equip your set with Balkite Radio Power Units. They improve and simplify radio reception. With their use your current supply is unfailing and always exactly what is required for each circuit. They reduce the amount of attention you give your set. The popular Balkite Battery Charger is entirely noiseless and can be used while the set is in operation. The Balkite Trickle Charger converts your “A” battery into a permanent “A” power unit that auto- matically supplies full “A” current at all times from the light socket. Balkite “B” II is also well known. It was the out- standing development in radio last year. It eliminates “B” batteries and supplies plate current from the light socket. It fits any set. The new Balkite “B” at $35 is especially designed to serve sets of 6 tubes and less. With such sets it will perform exactly as does Balkite “B” II with sets of larger “B” current requirements. Noiseless—No bulbs —Permanent All Balkite Radio Power Units are based on the same principle. All are entirely noiseless in operation. They have no moving parts, no bulbs, and nothing to ad- just, break or get out of order. They cannot deteriorate through use or disuse—each is a permanent piece of equipment with nothing to wear out or replace. They require no other attention than the infrequent addition of water. They do not interfere with your set or your neighbor’s, Their current consumption is remarkably low. They require no changes or addi- tions to your set. They constitute a complete, trouble- free radio power equipment, one that is economical, unfailing in operation, and eliminates the possibility of run-down batteries, Manufactured by FANSTEEL PRODUCTS COMPANY, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois © FAN CTEEL Balkite Radio Power Units BALKITE TRICKLE CHARGER °- BALKITE “B” Balkite ““B” Eliminates “‘B’”’ Batteries. Supplies plate current from the light socket. Operates with either storage bat- tery or dry cell tubes. Keeps ““B’”’ circuit always operating at maxi- mum efficiency, for with its use the plate current supply is never low. Requires no changes or additions to your set. No bulbs—nothing to replace. Requires no attention other than adding water twice a2 year. A new model, designed to serve sets requiring not more than 20 mil- liamperes at 90 volts—practically all sets of 5 tubes or less, and most tube sets. Size 8% in. long, 8 in. high, 3% in. wide. Occupies about same space as 45 volt dry “B”’ bate tery. Operates from 110-120 AC 60 cycle current. Special model for 50 cycles. Price $35 In Canada, $47.50 Balkite *“B” II The most outstanding develop- ment in Radio last season. Same as the new Balkite ““B”’ but will fit any set including those of § tubes or more. Current capacity 40 milli- amperes at 90 volts. Size 9 in. high, 6% in. wide, 7% in. deep. Operates from110-120 AC 60 cycle current. Special model for 50 cycles. Price $55 In Canada, $75 The Unipower, manufactured by the Gould Storage Battery Com- pany, is equipped with a special Balkite Radio Power Unit. BALKITE “B” I ALL BALKITE RADIO POWER UNITS ARE TESTED AND emma I AS STANDARD BY THE UNDERWRITERS’ LABORATORIES ‘a “he RUNAWAYS ee © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Supremacy N every industry there is some one product that by sheer merit and out- standing quality and performance is accepted as the standard by which other products may be judged. In the Radio Industry it is the Mu-Rad Transcontinental Receiver. In this great Radio Receiver, for the first time, unsur- passed tone-quality, absolute selectivity, extreme distance and simplicity of tuning have all been perfected. Only One Dial to Tune <a, MU-RAD RADIO CORPORATION Factory: Asbury Park, N. J. Sales Offices: Newark, N. J. Write Dept. D-5, for literature. ©

© This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS.

January, 1926

See page 6.

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January, 1926 W POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

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Why Curiosity Pays RE you curious? Why? When? Where? In the rear of my country home in New Jersey is a miniature house, built ‘twenty-one years ago. A small, square house with a peaked roof, about fifteen by fifteen. It remains unchanged from the time of its birth, except for a new roof. Originally it held a Franklin stove. In the dead of winter, the thermometer below zero, I could poke a few sticks of wood into that stove and in three and a half minutes the house would be so hot I would have to open the window. I built it myself, out of curiosity plus lumber. . This house has been quite a traveler. When I moved, I took it with me to my next residence. When I bought my present home, I brought it with me. It has seen the world, has rubbed up against humanity, and has been a shelter for man and beast. When I die I shall hope to take it with me. Not that I doubt there are still available man- sions inthesky. But there might be a delay. Besides, I would want the good angels to know that I built this house myself with my own hands, and that it once saved my life. You see, I am an optimist not only about the present but the iuture. All on account of curiosity. When I built it I was very ill, trying to beat tuberculosis. Friend doctor came along one day and said if I could do some work in the open air, it would help. I had seen log cabins in the mountains. Bungalows then were coming in and | had seen pictures of them. oda “T am a little man,” I said, ‘but can I build a house in my back yard?” And they laughed at me. The fact was, I never had made anything in my life. Always a student. Asa handy man about the house I was considered a hopeless mess. Every one LSRSSSSS conspired against me. They put me ina steamer chair out in the back yard in the sun, tucked me up, and left me to my curiosity. Could I doit? The answer was no. Again, could I do it? The answer was yes. The cumulative current of an insatiable curiosity swept me along to victory. From the day that house was finished my recovery was certain. [hadthelaughonthem. Curiosity is one of the greatest moving forces in the world. Curiosity killed a cat and Blue- beard’s wife. It saved my life. To under- stand it, to control it, to develop it, to turn it on at the right moment, is to be one King Pin among just the few at the top. The ladder of success is built on interrogations. Let me suggest a method. [OLE curiosity almost always occupies itself with single objects, and is a waste of time. Right curiosity concerns itself with principles of conduct. Material objects and results follow inevitably. My question “Can I build a house?” was answered eventually by the house itself. Result: Health. In many cases, it takes courage to be curi- ous. But it pays the biggest returns in the world. When any problem presents itself— physical, financial, domestic, or educational— question it, be curious about it. The mere fact of formulating a question starts you on the road to the true answer. Here are four sample questions. be multiplied indefinitely. most interesting and profitable games: Why am I too thin? Why am I too fat? What makes me bashful? What makes me timid? When we introduce an interrogation point into our minds, it is like a bloodhound on the They can It is one of the trail—it never lets up until the answer is’ treed. —THOMAS L. MASSON. Y ; j A ——— —<— = ¢ 4 é

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10 cif ib ATTA TERE 1 PARAS DASA UT a ie ‘“‘The Gods cannot help one who loses opportunities.’’ —Mencius The wise man will provide against the future by securing a Synchrophase. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY EIT 550 meters January, 1926 4a§\ IRASt mane 88S, US BAT. All Grebe appa- ratus is covered by patents grant- ed and pending. The Gidea thingy a is also sup- base for batteries ie peer a deluxe Console Model. | aleactadiey ite” er dis | acd the sk range. and "beyond the zero hacks for the low range. phase. is “thus. well-equipped to take care of future -station assignments as well as all present ones. _ Ask your dealer to demonstrate this and other - cate pdoanees | in radio development This company owns and operates stations WAHG and WBOQ; also low- wave rebroadcasting sta- tions, mobile WGMU, and marine WRMU. © This seal on a radio or tool advertisemet sig-iifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6, ca a pet sige isnt, ERE EY ——S = of t con Visi bad pose cod bea seas that and wat chur muc ocea licki freig the one thos

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY SUMNER N. BLOSSOM, Editor | Shooting a line from a mortar on the deck of the President Harding to the sinking freighter Ignazio Florio, tossed and battered, at the mercy of mountainous waves. A remark- able photograph taken during the heroic rescue that was effect- ed a few weeks ago, and that was made possible by wireless How an Invisible Lifeline Rescues Men trom the Sea A Story of Herotsm Made Possible by HEN the Italian freighter Ignazio Florio was pitched and tossed a few weeks agoin the mountainous waves and cavernous depths of the worst storm an angry Atlantic has concocted in many years, it was an in- visible lifeline that held out hope to her badly battered crew. That line was com- posed of the dots and dashes of Morse code sent by wireless. A tempest in mid-Atlantic would well be a match for the iron boxes that sail the seas but for that invisible lifeline. Gales that sweep like cyclones, waves that coil and strike like giant sledges, swirling waters that hiss ominously and churn and churn, still taunt and harrass seamen— much as they ever did. Ships still are swallowed by a hungry Ocean. Even now restless waters are licking the iron bones of the Italian freighter. But, thanks to radio, and to the traditional courage and humanity of one seaman called to the aid of another, those bones are dry of their marrow of By Peter Vischer men. Twenty-seven men and a cat were saved from the canted deck of the Ignazio Florio by Capt. Paul C. Grening, of the United States liner President Harding. Only one man and a dog were lost, the one an officer swept from his bridge by a thunderous wave before the President Harding was called to rescue; the other, smashed against the side of the freighter as he tried to swim to his rescuers. Thus is the ingenuity of man, as ex- pressed in progressing science, succeeding in his struggles against what were once considered insuperable natural odds, acts of a displeased god. Thus is man invent- ing new life insurance for himself. But for the helping hand of science, storms would have taken a lamentable toll of life during the week the hapless Ignazio Florio foundered. George Kohle, radio officer of the President Harding, was sitting in his cabin one night, phones on his ears, Saved! The doomed freighte er’s crew of 27 being carried to safety in the liner Presi- dent Harding’s lifeboat manned by hardy volunteers W «ireless cigarette alight. All at once he straight- ened up. His hands went to the phones and he. listened sharply. A _ switch clicked home and generators began to whine. He had the Florio’s SOS. Pos- sibly you heard it on your own radio set. Certainly, if you live in the eastern part of the United States, broadcasting sud- denly was stopped for you when the call of distress sounded. K CsLE grabbed the speaking tube and shouted to his captain, who was gaz- ing outward from a tossing bridge. He broadcast the SOS and got five answers out of infinity—from the Lorain, Elven, Portland Maru, Invergoil, and Cadore. Even then the Harding had changed her course, plunging directly into the vortex of the storm to go to the Italian’s assistance. Back and forth went messages of hope, pleas for quick help, promises of as- sistance, requests for directions and bearings, orders for lights and rockets. 11

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 The Harding and the Elven, nearest of the six who heard the SOS, were going to the Ignazio Florio as best they could, the Elven stumbling through the turbulent waters at two knots; the Harding managing to make six. Even then the Italian freighter was doomed. A mountainous wave had smashed in a forward hatch and water was flowing into her bowels. Water was flowing to a thirsty cargo, a cargo of grain. The rudder was broken. One of the booms was off. The lifeboats were smashed. BY jena Captain Grening, he is very great humanity,” said Capt. Aniello Lauro, master of the freighter, when he arrived in New York, ‘for we were in very bad way. We were in very terrible weather with a very terrible cargo. Grain, grain is so very bad. When you ship water you had better have wild horses on board than grain. Grain drinks and drinks—and then—”’ Yes, the freighter was doomed. But her men were not. For 50 hours Angelo Trombino sloshed about in an engine room that was a death trap, administering to dynamos and pumps. For the same 50 hours Luigi D’Ambrogi sat in a wireless shack and tapped. And listened. While these two, trained in the uses of science, carried on, there was yet hope. Finally, after a night and a day of buffeting, the President Harding sighted the freighter. She reeled ’round and ’round the foundering box. The seas fought to keep them apart; but slowly, slowly, the President Harding drew close. The next afternoon Captain Grening got out the Lyle gun—a mortar from which a projectile with an attached line is shot. The Harding was to windward and oil was poured on the waters to lay the waves. The gun was fired once, twice, thrice, before the line went to the freighter. A lifeboat was floated on the line, but there was no getting into such a comet. Hemp lines were sent over, but they parted. Only the radio line was flexible enough to hold. At intervals through the night, Captain Grening played his searchlight on the unhappy freighter and realized the craft was nearing her end. He made up his A Spectacular Rescue At the left: Coastguardsmen shooting a rocket line to the sinking trawler Imperial Prince, stranded recently off the Scotch coast near Aberdeen. Two of the trawler’s crew perished in 3 the heavy sea. The rest were rescued ye . pd The Critical Moment Below: The President Harding’s lifeboat approaching the side of the : foundered Ignazio Florio, where the "a exhausted crew may be seen in a huddled group waiting to be taken off Through the Storm on a Raft Lashing themselves to a small improvised raft, these six sailors of the wrecked schooner Hattie recently rode safely through a six-hour hurricane, and drifted for five days without food or water. When finally picked up by the liner Southern Cross, all were on the verge of collapse. One of the survivors is holding a pole with handkerchief attached, with which they attracted attention of the liner. The Hattie went down in a seething sea off Cape Hatteras, on the coast of North Carolina mind that the moment she started down he would drive for her, run his ship bow to her bow, and drop overboard anything that would float—rafts, life preservers, planks. He meant to save lives if it were humanly possible. teed a desperate effort was saved by a curious lull in the storm, a softening in the waves for two hours of the early morning, during which Captain Grening sent over a big Lundy lifeboat manned by volunteers. Every man on the Harding wanted to go. And then Captain Gren- ing made this entry in his log: “Detention 21 hr. 15 min., rescuing crew of S. S. Ignazio Florio. Overcast, whole gale, very high sea.” It is within the very recent memory of man that the wireless was first used at sea. The first message was sent from the American liner St. Paul to the Needles on Nov. 15, 1899, as the former was com- pleting her fifty-second voyage across the Atlantic. To laymen, the success of wireless telegraphy on the high seas was only assured in 1909, when Jack Binns sent out a call for assistance from the White Star — liner Republic after her collision with | the Italian Lloyds steamship Florida off Nantucket. That happened Janu- ary 23, 1909. a The Republic had on board 700 ~ pleasure-seeking Americans bound for a ~ winter cruise in the Mediterranean, when | she collided with the Florida, carrying 900 immigrants and a crew of 200. From the © wreckage of a Marconi room, Binns, cold | and drenched and hungry, kept sending out what was then the call of a crippled | boat for help: : “CQD, CQD; CQ D.” HE quick response to that call was al that saved hundreds of lives. Two months after the Republic colli-~ sion, the steamer Horatio Hall was aided | in distress in almost the same position Four other times that same year wireless | summoned aid to foundered ships, among | them the steamer Ohio, from which 1507 passengers were rescued off the Alaskan © coast. Not a month—hardly a week—|™ has passed since then without some inci- dent of the same kind. 2 Without wireless, the Titanic, which | struck an iceberg on her maiden voyage | and sank in mid-Atlantic with enormous | loss of life, would have dropped from sight to become one of the world’s many)” maritime mysteries. More than a thousand American sea-/ men have gone to watery graves in a score | of vessels that have disappeared from the face of the earth without a trace. Some /™ of these, curiously, disappeared during 7 this present century, in spite of the safety to be found in modern means of 7 communication. : These, however, are the exceptions that 7 prove the rule that today we know. The developments of science have made it|® possible for the seas to be made as safe 7 as land; and, if you’ll believe many any old salt, much safer. Jar

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926 only | t out | Star with orida Janu- 700 | for a when January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Flaps Its Wings like a Bird Amazing Autogiro Can Land Almost Vertically By Arthur A. Stuart T FARNBOROUGH, A England, a few weeks ago, a group of aero- nautical engineers and avia- tion enthusiasts assembled to witness an event that may revolutionize completely the future development of the An odd, awkward looking flying machine, topped with a windmill arrangement that flapped like the wings of a bird, rose swiftly from the ground, accomplished a trial flight of almost 50 miles, and then returned to its starting place, dropping almost vertically and coming to a art of aviation. full stop within 20 feet of the place where it first touched the ground. This queer machine, which conforms to none of the usual rules for airplane design, is called the “‘autogiro.” It is the inven- tion of Don Juan de la Cierva, a young Spanish engineer, who has brought it to its present stage of development after five years’ work. Vice Marshal Sir Sefton Brancker, of the British Air Force, after witnessing the successful demonstration of the machine, declared that “it is the greatest step in aeronautical progress since the Wright brothers flew the first airplane.” That de la Cierva was working on a revolutionary type of aircraft has been no secret. Several articles describing vari- ous stages of his progress have appeared in POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. The avia- tion world, however, scarcely was pre- pared for the sensational success of this public demonstration. \ \ ] HEN Capt. Frank Courtney climbed into the fuselage, the tractor air » screw was set whirling, the huge blades flapped, and within 300 feet—about one- third the distance required by the ordi- nary airplane—it had left the ground and was sailing gradually out of sight. Then at the end of the trip came the most > remarkable part of the demonstration. When only a few hundred feet above the ground the pilot shut off his engine. The tractor screw slowed up and ceased to revolve, and the machine floated down 13 The Successful Test Flight Left: The autogiro, piloted by Capt. Frank Courtney, taking off for its successful test flight at Farnborough, England. By means of its flapping windmill-like wings it rose swiftly, flew nearly 50 miles, then re- turning to its starting place, dropped almost ver- tically. Below: Diagram showing constructional de- tails of the remarkable ma- chine. Note the huge lifting screw driven by the wind and turning at from 120 to 140 revolutions a minute _ AILERON SCREW ~ /BIRECTION { OF ROTATION // TRACTOR, /PIwem HINGED JOINT ELEVATOR RUBBER CORD BRACING | LEADING ] EDGE TRAILING EDGE AILERON Hovering, with Engine Dead Nearing the ground, the pilot shut off his en- gine, and the machine floated down almost vertically, landing with a run of 20 feet almost vertically, landing without damage with a run of less than 20 feet. Here, at last, was an airplane that could land ona mere spot; the airplane possibly that may point the way to planes that can land on the roofs of houses or in city streets and parks and thus enlarge amazingly the utility and scope of aircraft. The machine starts off in the ordinary way by aid of an engine-driven tractor screw. To start the lifting blades rotat- ing, men haul away a steel cable wound round the base of the screw, much as a string is pulled from atop. According to measurements, the autogiro leaves the ground with the low speed of 15 miles an hour. Its maximum speed in the air is: 70 miles an hour. N ORDER to stay in the ‘air, an ordi- nary airplane must keep up high velocity. Even a small loss in velocity may result in an accident. It is claimed . that the autogiro is very slightly affected by loss of forward speed, the real speed which counts for sustentation being that of the wing tips, which travel over a spiral path at a much higher velocity than the speed of travel. Even if the engine should fail com- pletely, the blades of the autogiro will sustain the plane in the air, allowing it to sink slowly and land safely.

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14 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 Inventions that Edison Still Hopes to Make . Nearly 80, he now works only 18 hours a day because he has to sleep more— But even so, he may give us an automobile battery to last 10 years, and other marvels to make life pleasanter—His remarkable fore- casts of future progress—A fascinating, intimate picture of America’s grand old man of applied science By John R. McMahon is running short of time—has to sleep so much now that his working day is limited to a pitiful 16 or 18 hours. He needs every moment of that short day for his important activities: That’s why he has practically quit giving inter- views and why he felt that he was doing a considerable favor recently when he talked y is run in his seventy-ninth year least that domelike forehead, now thatched as Pike’s Peak in winter. Ruddy com- plexion, gray eyes that often stare and dream. A chunky middle-height figure, careless of dress, who trots about spryly, hatless most of the time. A high pitched voice that may drone or become a bit nasal. One of the most human of men— boyish, slangy in offhand talk, and, like yours and mine—the whole world’s. It is said a traveler asked an Eskimo and then a South Sea Islander who was President of the United States. Both replied ‘‘Edison.” When the same question was put to the king of an African tribe, his majesty hesitated be- tween Edison of the talking box and a comedian of the pictures that move. A to me awhile for POoOPU- LAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. I used to _ interview America’s grand old man of applied science when three or four hours of nightly sleep gave him a bit of leisure. He was then crusad- ing, as it were, against humanity’s vicious sleep habit. He almost had us converted when Nature put the brakes on his very self. He admits that Nature has licked him into wasteful sneozing. You cannot say that he has the sleeping sickness, yet his daily work- ing time is now only about twice that of the average man. He works only two days in one, instead of al- most three, as when he was in his prime. MPORTANT as Edison’s work is, you feel the man is more important. Might be better if he were made to knock off all work for the rest of his life and just talked to the American people on how to do it. This father of half the marvels of civilization should just scold us and cheer us and advise us what to eat for breakfast. EDISON says— ™ HERE is no limit to the invention of fully automatic machines. Man will work less and less.” “The sun engine will come when the price of combustibles greatly increases.” “It is possible to make a concrete house in a few hours.” R “The world doesn’t need more inventions just now, until general intelligence has increased so men can be had to operate what we have.” “What new lines of research am I engaged in? Many. Wait until I’ve caught the fish.” “My favorite inventions—phonograph, moving pictures. I like the phonograph because I love music. The motion pictures are my only theatri- cal diversion on account of my extreme deafness.” “T now sleep from five to six hours. The quality is still perfect.” “T eat very little. The amount of power one can get out of a piece of toast is marvelous.” “The number of men in every nation, per capita, who are honest, humane, and intelligent is increasing. ‘This number is a measure of our civilization. The Lord appears to be in no hurry.” discarded incandescent bulb was put on a heathen altar by a native priest and may- be it helped to illuminate the mind of the tribal god. “Which of your inven- tions are your favorites?” was the first question I put to Edison. “Phonograph, moving pictures,” he replied. One may note his economy of language in leaving out *fand.’’ HE answer reminds us of a fact of which many are unaware, that the inventor did pioneer work in moving pictures. This was during a period from 1887 onward to the late 90’s, when the world did not dream that pictures could follow action. “‘Why do you prefer the phonograph and the pic- tures, Mr. Edison?” “I like the phonograph because I love music, and there are great possibilities. The motion pictures are my only theatrical diversion on account of my extreme deaf- ness.”’ The inventor of the phonograph not only loves music, but selects the artists You go away from his Orange, N. J., laboratory in a daze, feeling that you have talked with Moses, Columbus, and Darwin in one. He is the most historical character in the world today. Legends are forming about him. A barrel of haloes are ready to put on his brow. I am glad there isalso plenty of homely stuff, some of which I’ll give you, about Tom Edison, the pal and crony of his men in the experimental shop. Every one knows what he looks like—at most great men, always unconscious of self. After patenting more than 1000 inven- tions, of whichseveral are major contribu- tions to human progress, has Edison another miracle or two up his sleeve? I asked him that and you'll see he dodged the answer. My bet is in the affirmative. Assume such a man and such a record, still able to work two days in one, he can’t help adding another ornament or so to the monument of his achievement. And that ornament will be our gain— and the compositions for the records of his machine. He used to have a flock of prima donnas in his laboratory, trilling and warbling under his personal direction. Seems to me like the high C of versatility for the same man to invent, manufacture, and then act as bandmaster for his recording songbirds. As for his ‘extreme deafness,” that is a small and casual handicap; he has been more or less deaf for many years. Beethoven was deaf most of his life. is a Jan

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ‘‘One of the Most Human of Men’’—Thomas A. Edison as He Is Today A chunky, middle-height figure, careless of dress, who trots about spryly, hatless most of the time. A domelike forehead, now thatched as eyes that often stare and dream. A high pitched voice that may drone or become a bit nasal. Boyish, slangy in offhand talk, always uncon- Pike’s Peak in winter, ruddy complexion, gray “What about that sun engine?” I asked, referring to his old project of getting energy direct from the sun’s rays. He had a model, I believe, to which Sol contributed a fraction of the potential billions of horsepower. “It will come when the price of com- bustibles greatly increases.” A humorist may comment that, thanks to the coal strike, the sun engine is now due. Without question, such a machine is practicable in desert or cloudless areas. Something of the sort has been reported in use in Egypt. Last summer an egg was cooked by sun heat on a Washington pavement, according to report. Let’s scious of self. laugh now; posterity will laugh at us. ‘‘And your poured house, Mr. Edison?” I asked. “‘Isn’t this now practical com- mercially by use of the new bauxite cement that hardens in 24 hours?” “Tt is possible to pour a house in a few hours,” was the reply. “The com- mercial man of vision has not yet come forward. Portland cement is all right, as it can be made ‘quick set.’ ”’ It may be explained that for this scheme the inventor has set up the mold of a complete house in cast iron plates, smoothly machined and bolted together. There was reinforcement within the mold. Liquid concrete was to be poured in at That is the great Edison at 79 the top, making the house in one opera- tion. At the time of the house project, Edison told me it was his pet; he hoped it would be his special gift to working people who wanted a substantial home; he was not going to accept a penny for that invention. Let’s take the will for the deed, and hope that “‘the commercial man of vision” will yet get busy on this housing stunt. In the laboratory yard I saw a sample of house ornament in cement that has been weathering for years and looks like new. “‘Has the alkaline storage battery been further perfected?” (Continued on page 132)

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 Lessons in Magic—By Houdini In Houdini’s Laboratory The photograph at \ the right shows Houdini and his assistants in the magician’s New Jersey laboratory making the com- plicated and expen- sive apparatus used in his stage work. Effective magical tricks, however, can be performed with no special ap- paratus, as Hou- dini demonstrates in the accompany- ing article. One of these, a magic paper trick ex- plained on page 17, Houdini is per- forming in the pic- ture just below. NS T° THE course of my discussion of the tricks of fraudulent spiritualistic me- diums in the last two numbers of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY, I mentioned several times the legitimate trickery that professional magicians use to entertain and amuse. In this-article I am going to tell you something definite about that kind of trickery. In fact, I am going to give you a lesson in magic—teach you how to do some most effective tricks with which you can mystify your friends. The tricks I have selected are simple and require no apparatus beyond common objects that you will find at hand almost anywhere. You can learn the method of performing any one of them in a few minutes, and, even if you never have previously attempted to be an amateur magician, you ought to be able to ac- quire the dexterity necessary to perform them perfectly by a little practice. Simple though they be, however, they are real professional tricks that I myself use or have used on the stage, or that have been used by some of the most famous conjurers that the world has known. Possibly as good a way as any of illustrating how a trick most simple in detail can mystify and bewilder even an exceptionally intelligent and wide-awake audience, is to describe a trick that I per- formed not long ago at an entertainment given by a secret order in a hall in the upper part of New York City. I borrowed three handkerchiefs from the audience, had them marked for identi- fication, knotted them together, and placed them under an opaque glass bell onatable. Then I informed the audience that I would undertake to transport the handkerchiefs magically from beneath the bell to any place that might be selected within 15 miles of the stege. The place was to be chosen by vote, so I distributed slips of paper on which the members of the audience might write their wishes. The slips were collected, placed in a hat and brought to me on the stage. I dumped the votes on a plate, picked up three of them and had a little girl select one of these. When this was unfolded by a gentleman from the audience, he read: “LJSDES the top step of the Statue of Liberty.” Immediately a titter went through the audience. The Statue of Liberty, as you probably know, stands on a little island in New York Harbor, 10 or a dozen miles away from the hall in which I was per- forming. That I should claim that by waving my wand I could cause those three handkerchiefs to be wafted in- visibly over the city and bay and to be carried up the narrow winding stairway The King of Magicians Explains Szmple, Mystifying Tricks that Any Amateur Can Perform at Home in the interior of the statue seemed highly ridiculous. I acknowledged the laughter; then I requested the audience to select a com- mittee of men unknown to me and of such character and standing that they could not be bribed or otherwise persuaded to aid me in deception. With this committee I left the hall, rode in the Subway to the Battery, and took the steamboat to Bedloe’s Island, where the statue stands. The committee mounted the stairway and under the top step found a locked metal box. With this we returned to the hall, where the persons attending the entertainment were by that time sitting at a banquet. = WAS necessary to call in a locksmith to open the box, and inside it was found another box of tin, sealed with solder. When the second box was opened there were the three handkerchiefs! Now you may suspect that I myself carried the handkerchiefs to the statue, hiding them from the committee which accompanied me and placing them in the boxes by some feat of conjuring. I assure you, though, that I never touched the handkerchiefs from the time the audience saw me with them on the stage until the locksmith opened the boxes in the ban- quet hall. This is the way the trick was done: Under my waistcoat I had three other Ci mews ee Oe at nee tC COU Cee ee meas mm lt«isiS © | = 8& ef§ * & crm

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nly I ym- ich uld to tee the to ds. vay ked the the ing 1ith was vith ned rself tue, bich the sure the ence the ban- was ther January, 1926 handkerchiefs, knotted together just as I knotted the handkerchiefs obtained from the audience. I made a “‘switch,”’ taking the prepared handkerchiefs from _ be- neath my vest and substituting the handkerchiefs I had borrowed. Then I placed my own handkerchiefs under the glass bell. In doing so, I contrived to drop the bell to the stage and break it— a piece of pretended carelessness which I had previously rehearsed. ACTING as though chagrined by the “accident,”’ I called to my assistant to hand me another glass cover, and, as I met him at the wings to take it from him, he deftly took the handkerchiefs from beneath my waistcoat, hurried out of the hall, took the subway to the Battery and caught the boat for Bedloe’s Island. On the island, another assistant and a tinsmith were waiting for him. The boxes were hastily prepared and placed on the statue stairs, where they were waiting for the committee. The Statue of Liberty boats operate on a definite schedule, so it was easy for me to time the performance of the trick so that my assistant would catch one boat and the committee and I a later one, giving my confederates ample time in which to box the handkerchiefs. The choice of the statue, of course, was made by me and not by the audience. Concealed in my hand, I had three slips of paper on each of which I previously had written a “vote” for this place. When [I dumped the votes of the audience from the hat, I placed these three slips on top of the pile, then picked them up again and offered them to the little girl. This is a trick that is quite within the capabilities of an amateur performer. In these days of motor cars, you might even permit your audience ac- tually to choose the place to which the handkerchiefs are to be trans- ported; then, when the choice is an- nounced, have your confederate dash off in acarand leave the handker- chiefs at the spot designated. ERE isa trick, not so compli- cated though prob- - ably more difficult in that it requires not a little dex- terity, skill, and “patter,” or small talk, to “put it across” properly. It is a trick that many famed magi- PIRITUALISTS say only a disembodied 4 4 S spirit can make a paraffin hand; that a cians have used successfully. You tear up a cigarette paper, roll it into a sma!l ball, open the ball and show the paper un- torn and un- damaged except for a few wrinkles. - right hand. of paraffin because the wrist is so much smaller than the wide part of the hand. Houdini shows here how a perfect “glove’’ of paraffin then can be made. The hand is greased, then al- ternately dipped into the cold water in the jar at the center and molten paraffin in the can at the right, until the desired thickness of paraffin is obtained. With the index finger the edge around the wrist is gradually loosened, and the hand is thrust into the water to permit the water to trickle between MAIN POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY As a preparation for the trick, roll a cigarette paper into the smallest ball you can and conceal it in the fold. of skin between the thumb and first-finger of the I have indicated the position of the pellet in the accompanying photo- graph, although the thumb and forefinger, of course, must be held closer together for. purposes of concealment when you are actually performing the trick. Then take a cigarette paper and tear it into four or five strips. Roll these strips between the finger tips into a little ball. Work this down between the palms and continue rolling as though desiring to compress the paper still further. This will give you an opportunity to remove the prepared ball from between the thumb and forefinger to the palm of the right hand, while you slip the torn ball into the fold between the thumb and forefinger of the left hand or between the tips of the thumb and forefinger of the right hand where it will be concealed by the untorn paper. A little practice the hand anid the paraffin. thrust into the can of warm water at the human hand cannot be withdrawn from a mold right. This softens the paraffin sufficiently to permit the withdrawal ofthe hand. Witb the paraffin kept soft with warm water, the wrist of the glove is manipulated to the correct size and shape. Molds of hands in virtually any position can be made by this method—even two hands clasped. This is Houdini’s first expose of this spiritualistic trick, which is interesting not only to investigators of psychic phenomena, but also to sculptors and others who might find use for a method of making perfect reproductions of the human hand 1? will enable you to do this swiftly and invisibly to your audience. Take your prepared ball and slowly unroll it. When it is smoothed out as much as possible, let it flutter to the » floor. The eyes of your audience will be drawn irresistibly to the falling paper, and this will give you an opportunity to get rid of the ball of strips by some natural movement that will not be de- tected. “PHERE are several other ways of per- forming this trick. The method I have given though, is possibly the simplest, and hence the one best suited to a person who is not an experienced magician. Here is a simple trick that is bound to provoke amazement and wonder: You take a piece of paper, half a sheet of newspaper, say, roll it into a ball in front of your face, then take your hands away —and the ball remains suspended in the air! Not only that, but it will obey your commands to rise or fall! The secret of this trick lies in having a long hair suspended from your ear or temple with magician’s wax. There is also a tiny bit of wax at the other end of the hair. You affix this latter piece of wax to the wall or to the side of a book- case or some other article of furniture, a thing you can do easily without arousing suspicion. Then you roll up the paper around the hair, and, when you take away your hands, it remains apparently floating in the air. By moving your head slightly forward or backward, you can cause the ball to go up or down at your order. A simple trick that can be performed successfully virtually without practice, yet one that will mystify almost any audience, is known to magicians as the “QOne-Ahead En- velope Trick.” You distribute envelopes and sheets of paper among your audi- ence, requesting each person. to write a question on the paper and seal it in the en- velope. Then you collect the envel- opes, hold them one by one against your forehead and read and answer each question apparent- ly without opening Houdini Shows the envelopes. How a Perfect ‘Spirit Glove”’ Can Be Made HE simplest way of per- forming this trick is with the aid of a confederate in your audience. When you have collected the en- velopes, pick up the top one, hold it to your fore- head, and, after appearing to con- centrate for a mo- ment, ask any question that hap- Then the hand is

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18 pens to pop into your mind. Your confederate will acknowledge this question as his. You answer it; then you open the envelope, as though to check the accuracy of your reading, and read the question written on the sheet you find within. Holding a second envelope to your forehead, you repeat aloud the ques- tion that was contained in the first envelope. The person who wrote it, of course, will acknowledge it; you give your answer, and, under pretext of satisfying yourself as to the correct- ness of this reading, you open the envelope as before, thereby learning what the next question is. You pro- ceed in this way until you have an- swered all the questions. It will be necessary for you, of course, to reach the envelope containing your con- federate’s question last of all. OU can also perform this trick without a confederate. When the envelopes have been collected, pick one up at random, hold it to your forehead, and, pretending to read the contents, say, “Why does Lillian love me?” or something equally unlikely to be acknowledged by its sup- posed writer. When you get no response, pretend to be displeased, and say, “Well, if you won’t acknowledge your questions, I can’t very well proceed with the test. I’ll try one more, though.”” Then open the envelope and repeat its contents as you hold the next envelope to your fore- head. In this case it will be necessary for you to have in the pile one envelope more than the number actually collected from your audience. Otherwise you’re likely to be embarrassed by finding that you’ve answered all but one of the questions and have no envelope with which to proceed with the trick. There are many other versions of this trick. The key lies in discovering the contents of the first envelope. Your own ingenuity may suggest other methods than those I’ve m@ptioned. As a hint: Alcohol will make even the best grade of paper almost as transparent as glass, and it evaporates so rapidly that its use is not likely to be detected by ordinary audiences. | ipawan another simple but “showy” and effective trick. Take four or five packages of paper clippings, each of a different color, say red, green, yellow, blue, and white. Open them and place them in a glass bowl or jar that is large enough to receive your entire hand. Ask some one in your audience to mix the paper thoroughly. Then when the different colors are mingled virtually beyond hope of separation, ask the mixer to plunge his hand into the jar and draw out a handful of blue paper only. He will hesitate and look at you in bewilderment. “What!” you say to him. ‘You can’t do it? Here, let me show you.” Then thrust your hand into the bowl and draw out a handful of the color you have mentioned. Then say, ‘Well, now that I’ve shown you how it’s done, you ought to be able to take out a handful of red. What, you ean’t?. Look!” And proceed to plunge your hand into the jar again, this time drawing out red paper only. Repeat the POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926

fingers until you’ve broken the tissue paper seal. ‘Then take out your hand, and, moving your fingers so as to separate and crush the bits of paper, let the clippings flutter down. I have found that simple tricks performed with household utensils and similar objects are much more effective for an impromptu display of magic than are more compli-

The Cigarette Paper Tear This highly mystifying trick consists of tearing a cigarette paper into strips, rolling it into a little ball, and then unfolding it to show it uninjured. The secret lies in having another paper rolled into a pellet and concealed at the root of the thumb, as shown in the larger picture. When the other paper is torn, it is rolled into a ball and hidden between the tips of the thumb and forefinger, as shown in the upper picture, while the prepared paper is unrolled. The audience, of course, is not aware that two pieces of paper are used test until you have demonstrated con- clusively your ability to draw out any of the five colors at will. The trick in this case lies in having little packages of paper of each color hidden under your vest, or in little pockets sewn to your trousers. Each package is se- cured by a strip of tissue paper of the same color as the paper it binds. Whena certain color is called for, get hold of the proper package, place your hand in the bowl, and, with your movements screened by the paper in the bowl, work your The “‘Jacob’s Ladder”

A favorite paper-tearing trick. Fold a half-inch “them” at top of a sheet of newspaper. Roll this and 10 or 12 other sheets, one after the other, into a cylinder about an inch and a half in diameter. Flatten cylinder and tear as shown 1n lower picture. Slip rubber bands about the ends. Turn them down and flatten the center part; then take the hem and draw out the ladder to its full length, with the result shown

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cated illusions, requiring appara- tus that the performer ‘‘just hap- Pened to bring along.” Even if your apparatus is nothing more than an ordinary pack of cards, the fact that it is yours will arouse the suspicions of your audience, whereas you can “get away with murder,” as the say- ing is, in performing tricks with articles that you pick up apparently at random. A GOOD example of such a trick can be performed with a table knife and six bits of paper. The pieces of paper, which are carefully torn so as to be exactly the same size and shape, you moisten and affix to the knife blade, three on a side, those on one side corresponding in position exactly with those on the other. Explain to your audience that each little piece of paper is so fond of the corresponding piece on the opposite side of the blade that, if you were to remove one, the other would go away. Illustrating this, you remove one piece, roll it into a little ball and throw it away. And, sure enough, when you show both sides of the knife, each contains only two pieces. Removing another, you show there is now only one on a side, and, when you take away the last one, both sides of the blade are found to be empty. Pause a moment. Then look at the knife in surprise, and say, “Hello! I just heard three little taps. Sounds as if some of the papers were back!”’ You raise the knife, turn it about, and there are three papers on one side and none on the other. You hold the side containing the papers uppermost. “Well,” you say, “if those three are back, their partners will soon be here. Ah, here they are!”” And you turn the knife over, showing three papers on each side as at the beginning. "TURN the knife over several times, then stop as if listening for a mo- ment, and say, ‘Well, those three that just came back have decided not to stay with us after all. There they go.” And, when you turn the knife about again, one side is found to contain three papers, while the other is empty. Pass the knife around, and let your audience see that three papers only are on the blade. The secret of this trick is a simple sleight of hand through which you show the audience only one side of the knife while making them believe they are seeing both. The knife is held close to the table at which you are sitting, with the point away from your body. The upper end of the handle rests on the middle joint of the forefinger, with the thumb on top. In this position only one side of the blade is visible. To show the other, raise the point of the knife to your chin. (Continued on page 140)

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 19 Is This the Face of Future Manr Our Descendants Will Have Cramped Brains, Pinched Cheeks, Long Noses, Squinty Eyes, Says Noted Evolutionist ILL the faces of our descendants —of our grandchildren’s grand- children—look anything like the rather queer illustration on this page? Will men of the future have small, cramped brains; sparse hair; long, thin, and prominent noses; tiny, “precious” mouths; narrow, squinty eyes; and no jaws or cheek bones to speak of? Will they, in brief, resemble water- blooded, ‘“‘esthetic,’”’ meagerly nourished morons? The answer is an unqualified, disheartening affirmative, ac- cording to at least one competent authority; and we must pull ourselves together to see just how such startling and un- doubtedly distasteful forecasts possibly can be sustained. Al- ready, evidently, our facial architecture is beginning to de- part from the powerful, virile characteristics of our hardy an- cestors, and to assume the lack- adaisical features of this ‘future r face”’ of ours. “a How so? Let us see: Scientists since Darwin have agreed pretty generally that man has arrived at his present physical stage through a long proc- ess of development from lower and perhaps less perfect forms of life. But if evolution has thus been going on all through the past and up to the present moment, will it not con- tinue into the future? l* SO, then surely it is legitimate to inquire as to the direction in which we human beings will develop; and how rapidly we will do so. In particular, if we compare our present features with those of the Java ape- man of some 500,000 years ago, or even the mummified skull of Rameses II of ancient Egypt, and if we notice how much the face of, say, the present Prince of Wales differs from these— then indeed we may well ask what the physiognomy of our successors on this planet will look like a few thousand years from now. A sober and logical, if unpleasant visualization of our future face recently was proposed by the noted British biologist, Sir Arthur Keith, Fellow of the Royal Society, in an im- portant discourse that he delivered before the Royal Institution on “The Rate of Man’s Evolution.” Before arriving at his sensational estimates, Sir Arthur had examined and made records of hundreds of buried skulls of all ages (from the fragments supposed to date back to 500,000 B.c. to the present day), and also had measured carefully the heads and features of thousands of living persons. His general conclusion: “Evolution By Ernest Brennecke, Jr. even now is rapidly at work on our faces,” may be tabulated in detail as follows: 1. Man’s brain capacity is growing steadily smaller. (“From the limited data at our disposal we must infer that the people who occupied western Europe at the close of the Ice Age [10,000 B5.c.] ay -\, Yesterday, Today, / ~ é\ } ~ and Tomorrow | C= artist has pictured here how the face of man may appear a few thousand years hence, based on predictions by Sir Arthur Keith. He also has drawn a striking comparison between the face of prehistoric man and that of present-day man, showing how the processes of evolution have tended away from the powerful, virile features of our hardy ancestors, toward the “soft” characteristics pre- dicted for future man. Evolutionists point out that the rugged features of the caveman were born of the fierce primeval struggle for existence, and that with civilization these characteristics have been softened , stood distinctly above their successors of today in the matter of brain size. So far as concerns brain capacity of the skull there has been no increase.’’) 2. The roof of our civilized human mouth is becoming reduced in size and narrower: 8. Our jaws are receding. 4. Our nose is becoming sharper, narrower, and more prominent. 5. Our eyes are becoming narrower, and are sinking more deeply into the face. 6. Our cheek bones are becoming less prominent. 7.’ Our whole face is becoming narrower. Mg Now, if these processes go on according to Keith’s schedule, the human head is destined gradually but certainly to assume the proportions indicated in the illustration. Those -who dispute this and maintain that modern man has ceased to evolve, said Sir Arthur, usually cite the similarity between the modern and ancient Egyr- tians to prove their conten- tion. Only 10 years ago, he himself believed that the evi- dence from English excavations led to the same conclusion. But his opinion was altered by his most important investigations, carried out in recent years. He took 50 skulls (25 of men and 25 of women) from English graves that were known to be 1000 years old or more; some of them were as ancient as the Pyramids. He carefully com- pared these ancient skulls with those of corresponding men and women who had lived in Eng- land in the eighteenth and nine- teenth centuries. The result convinced him that the changes noted above actually have taken place—actually are taking place. bY Aeewred is more, these changes are taking place much more rap- idly than generally is supposed. The modern type of man appeared in Europe at the close of what is called the ‘“‘Mousterian Period’’—as lately as some 22,000 years ago. He was bigger in his brain, stronger in his jaw, and had a more rugged coun- tenance than hi direct descendants of today. Some of his characteristics have rapidly toned down, while others are becoming more accentuat- ed. His prominent cheek bones have been sinking in; his rather flat and wide nose has been jutting forward and becoming thinner; his mouth is still getting smaller and his chin is receding. “It may be said,”’ declared Keith, “that the changes I have described are due to diminished use of the jaws in modern people. . . . Ido not think we can accept this as a true explanation, for the changes I have de- scribed are confined to about 30 per cent of the modern population; 70 per cent show no such change, and yet all live on approximately the same dietary. The cause lies deeper than a mere disuse of jaws; certain stocks and families show these changes more than do other stocks and families. Such evidence as I have gathered points to an increasing fre- quency of these new characters during recent centuries. Apparently evolution makes its conquests in the way just described; progress is made by climbing the scale of percentages.”

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 I Snakes Are Safe if You Know ‘A Home for Reptiles The only snake farm of its kind, at Sao Paulo, Brazil, where venom is used to make snake-bite serums. Below: How one of the atten- dants handles the deadly teptiles $e AKE this fellow, for instance—if he nipped you he’d leave enough poison in the wound to kill two or three men. You would die in fearful agony before nightfall. Your limbs would be swollen to twice their normal size, and your face distorted out of all semblance to your former self.” Joaquim, my guide at the Butantan snake farm, was speaking. Crawling about our feet were reptiles gathered from the jungles of Brazil and given free board in return for their deadly venom at this strange South American farm, the only one of its kind in the world. Collected at intervals, the venom is used in the manu- facture of snake serum, practically the only thing that can save human beings from death when struck by a poisonous reptile. As Joaquim sketched his encouraging picture of my hypothetical fate, he was hauling a dingy greenish reptile, four feet long, out from one of the small, dome- roofed dens that look like Eskimo igloos. “A pretty specimen, isn’t he?” I couldn’t agree with much enthusiasm. “‘He’s a jararaca,” said Joaquim. “The notorious fer-de-lance, you know. I’ve seen men suffering horribly within three minutes after a bite by one of these fellows, and losing consciousness within another five minutes. Death from such a bite used to be inevitable. Now our snake-bite serum will save a man when he seems to be already in the last throes.” Joaquim slipped the jararaca over the hooked end of a stick he carried, and we moved on. The reptile’s head and_ tail dangled toward the ground, and his forked tongue flicked in and out as he writhed impotently. Joaquim was using his grotesquely burdened stick to point out other reptiles that were wriggling sluggishly through the grass of the inclosure. “Just don’t step on them, and they’ll leave you alone,” he said reassuringly. “They couldn’t strike The igloo-like snake houses are surrounded by stone wall and moat What I Have Learned of Venomous Serpents at the Strangest of Reptile Farms—A Cure for Deadly Bites ‘Besides, they’re all of them rather tor- pid these cold days,” Joaquim added. “Look.” He stooped down, seized an- other serpent right behind the head, and lifted him shoulder high for -inspection. “A jararacucu, this little darling. One of our deadliest species. He’ll inject a cubic centimeter of poison at a shot.” wre fangs showing, the five feet of snake hung inert. “One of the men in our laboratory was bitten in the finger by a through your gaiters, anyhow. All the em- ployees here wear leg- gings, and that’s the only protection they need. “Here, take this one yourself,” he urged, handing me the snake- draped rod he still was idly carrying. Just hold him well away from your body, and you're safe. He can’t reach you. He’s helpless to do anything but writhe around unless he can get a good purchase: on the ground. He can’t strike jararacucu some time ago,” said my guide. ‘‘Within half an hour he was blinded, bleeding at mouth and nose, shiver- ing in a cold sweat and barely conscious. His whole arm was throbbing with indescribable pain. He was treated promptly with serum, but it was three days before he was fully recovered. With- out the serum nothing under heaven could have saved him from a terrible end. “Yes.” Joaquim com- unless half his body is on the ground, and he can’t strike much more than a third of his length un- der any circumstances. zilian frog. blindness. A Venomous Frog Dangling a venomous Bra- Its poison causes Note the poison glands just back of the head mented, holding the ja- raracucu up in front of his face and eyeing him coldly, ‘“‘you’re a tough customer, you are. But Jai you fell mort som yea pois H dow den! ture oe I q t ging sign stra busi leas] F: any occa Indi Une: with acro Af othe more You brair claw: weir mist: tion, to a less, kills most om. cious ultin ness here Braz Sero] lated abou than worlc D° bite a He’s quart come fellow to hir 5000 Brazi ing nz

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January, 1926 How to Pet Them By Francis Gow-SMITH The remarkable experiences of Francis Gow- Smith—former Purdue football star and now an explorer in Brazilian jungles—in the _ world’s strangest snake farm, are particularly interest- ing in view of the recent visit to the same farm made by Raymond L. Ditmars, curator of rep- tiles in the New York Zoological Park. Ditmars, took with him a quart of rattlesnake venom produced by 2500 snakes, to be used in the manu- facture of snake-bite serum for the United States you’re sulky these days, aren’t you? This fellow hasn’t eaten a thing for two months,’ he added to me. “I’ve seen some of our snakes fast six months or a year. But they aren’t any the less poisonous when they’re fasting.” He let the snake’s dangling body slowly down onto one of the domes—then sud- denly released his firm grip on the crea- ture’s neck and promptly departed. ‘“‘We don’t take any chances, you see.” TOLD him J hadn’t seen him do any- thing but take chances so far, and I gingerly returned the snake he had con- signed to my charge. I had come to the strangest snake farm in the world purely on business—not for the privilege of petting leashed lightning. Fact of the matter is, I never did waste any affection on snakes. I’ve met them occasionally in the jungles, and I’ve seen Indians die horribly when bitten by them. Uncanny in motion, staring unblinkingly with cold, beady eyes, snakes. look at man across one of evolution’s bridgeless gaps. After all, in an encounter with any other creature of the jungle, you fight more or less with the same weapons. You recognize a common inheritance of brain and eye and limbs. and claws. But the snake, that weird survivor of an ancient and mistaken experiment in evolu- tion, belongs not to this world but to another geologic age. Brain- less, stupid, blindly vicious, he kills anything in his path, by the most mysterious of means—ven- om. Venom, that age-old, atro- cious agency of treachery. The ultimate explanation of its deadli- ness is still a mystery, even down here in Sao Paulo, where Dr. Vital Brazil, director of the Butantan Seropathic Institute, has accumu- lated more practical information about poisonous snakes, I believe, than any other scientist in the world. OCTOR BRAZIL makes the only really effective snake- bite antitoxin to be had anywhere. He’s been working on this for a quarter of a century, and has be- come very much of a hero to his fellow countrymen. They look up to him almost with awe. And no wonder. Even as it is, 5000 persons die every year in Brazil from snake bite, not count- ing nameless hundreds of Indians.

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY At least another 20,000 are bitten and_ suffer gravely before recovery. The figures would be worse still were it not for Doctor Brazil’s unremitting and energetic campaign against every species of poison- ous snakes and his perfection and distribu- tion of the antitoxins. Snakes indeed are so grave an economic problem here that the government itself supports the Butantan Institute. Doctor Brazil estimates that reptiles cause his country a direct economic loss of $8,000,- 000 annually. Only India, with its 20,000 deaths caused annually by the sacred cobra, has a worse record. Ever since I began exploring the mys- terious hinterland of Brazil, I have thought of it as a region over which the menace of poison broods ceaselessly. I have been assailed by the poisoned arrows of the Chervantes Indians. I have seen men suffering from poisonous wounds in- flicted by scorpions, centipedes, tiny flies, huge spiders, and even by fish and frogs. As soon as I finish writing this I shall turn northward again, across the last frontier and into trackless jungles where unfriendly Bororos prowl. There is no

VENOM GLAND Its act, but savage and deadly sure when it strikes. the number of them varies with age—may be seen at the tail tip VENOM <& puct How a Snake Uses Poison Fangs The upper drawing shows how venom from a gland in a rattle- snake’s head is discharged through a duct that leads to the two fangs. These fold back when the jaws are closed, and spring down into striking position when they are open. each fang is a venom outlet, as shown in the circle. tube at the left holds one cubic centimeter of the amber- colored poisonous fluid discharged by a striking rattlesnake The test 21 Huge Rattler Coiling to Strike The rattler is one of the most feared of all snakes—slow to Its rattles— antidote for the poison they use on their bone-tipped arrows. Frankly, I fear the snakes less, for the explorer seldom even sees a serpent. Yet it is folly to go into the jungle without snake-bite serum, and I came to Butantan to procure a supply. Doctor Brazil tells me he is working to develop a serum to fight some of the other poison menaces. ‘We have a tiny fly,” he says, “‘that bites and leaves only a red spot—no more annoying than a mos- quito’s bite. But gradually a sore de- velops, the infection spreads, and the whole limb rots away in ghastly fashion. I think we can conquer this with serum.” HE LED me into the laboratory and dangled a repulsive frog in front of my eyes. ‘‘His poison causes blindness.” He put the frog aside to show me a mon- strous spider, as large as a soup plate, that is nearly as dangerous as some of the five- foot snakes that wriggled over the lawns outside. “Yes,” said Doctor Brazil, “‘we have a fine asscrtment of venom-using creatures down here.”’ The Seropathic Institute at Bu- tantan, which is a suburb of the city of Sao Paulo, consists of the laboratories, the stables where the serum-producing horses are kept, and a number of walled inclosures for the snakes. Each inclosure, with its dome-shaped dens, is sep- arated from the low surrounding wall by a moat to keep the teem- ing snake population where it belongs. AS WE picked our way through these inclosures, my guide pointed out the snakes that are most dreaded in Brazil. ‘That one with a dark gray pattern on a yellowish background is the suru- cucu. After the rattler’s, his pci- son is the most virulent. He is swift and powerful and may grow 10 feet long. You’ve probably heard of him under the name ‘bushmaster,’ which in itself is dreaded by those who know it. You’re more likely to meet one of these savage snakes in the virgin In jungles, or near the streams, than any other kind. Look out for them. (Continued on page 136)

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22 Curiosities in Sport POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ‘January, 192¢ World’s Series in Duplicate The electric signboard that tells the play- oh by-play story of a championship baseball . “ ; game was eclipsed by a remarkably fA realistic scheme tried out in Louisville, Ky., during the last World’s Series. Every move of the game was duplicated by real players on a real diamond with the aid of radio and telephone. Each “‘player’’ wore head phones connected with a microphone in the press box through an ingenious arrangement of wires running around the player’s belt and down to the soles of his shoes, making contact with copper plates on the ground. The report of each play was transmitted through the microphone to the players, who then acted the play A Dizzy Game __If you want to get a real thrill out of tennis you of Tennis might try the stunt pictured below. Gladys Roy, famous woman flier of Los Angeles, and Ivan Unger are seen playing the world’s first game of aerial tennis on the wing of an airplane 3000 feet above earth When the Pole Snapped Here are four of the most remarkable action pictures of a track event ever taken. They show Charles Hoff of Denmark, world’s champion pole vaulter, at the moment his pole collapsed while he was attempting to break the record of 13 feet 934 inches at Colombes, France. A defect in the wooden pole caused it to give way at the center when Hoff had risen midway to the bar. Only by the narrowest margin did Hoff escape serious injury

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==" aN Ja..uary, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY What a Cleaner Has bearied about You and Your Clothes How automobiles, ice cream, lipsticks, and radio leave their marks on your apparel—The difference between a moth hole and a spark hole—Where stains come from and simple ways to remove them WELL known New York physician stopped his car the other day By Watson G. Clark actor lifted them out, he said he couldn’t use them. They were immaculate, but before one of our dry-cleaning re- has grown from that simple discovery. were not absolutely smooth where they ceiving stations. He hurried into the store, dropped a package before the girl actor recently sent us two suits to be Speaking of creases, a popular movie had necessarily been folded in the package! Merely hanging them up would have behind the counter, and was out again cleaned. Our boy delivered them, care- remedied this, but he needed them for before she had time even to reply to his fully wrapped in a box, but when the words: “Can’t wait a minute, Miss Larkin. But you know what to do with this—don’t forget the creases!”’ The girl smiled. She opened the package, took out the suit of clothes, examined it, and made some notes on a card. The doctor has brought his suits to us every three or four weeks for years, and every one in the establishment who has anything to do with men’s clothing knows what he wants. He wants every smallest spot, visible or invisible, removed. He wants his trousers creased down to the cuff, but the cuff turned up uncreased. His sleeves must be rounded with- out creases, and he won’t wear a coat unless the lapels are rolled. He hasn’t varied these requirements in years. He would send the suit back if we forgot and creased the cufis. But he has us trained now, and we never do forget. EN who send us their. suits for dry cleaning are more particular about the two creases in their trousers than any woman is about the plaiting of an entire skirt. Dry cleaning has more to do with the fashion of the creased trouser than most people think. Before dry cleaning methods were known, clothes had to be washed with water, which makes them a shapeless mass. Gasoline, benzine, and naphtha, however, remove soil without affecting the garment’s shape. They.retain even creases and plaits—the final pressing mere- ly sets them in more firmly. Dry solvents, in other words, are chemically inert as regards the fibers of the fabric. This cleaning method isn’t so old, either, as generally is thought. It dates from 1856, when a Frenchman discovered that camphene cleaned clothes with- out affecting the fibers. The whole dry-cleaning industry Watson G. Clark, President of the Barrett Nephews Co., New York City, one of the largest dry-cleaning establishments in the world “MEN are more particular about the two creases in their trousers,” says Mr. Clark, “than any woman is about the plaiting of an entire skirt. “Cigarettes and burned matches cause the most holes in men’s suits. Moth holes come next. Battery acid from radio out- fits is a close third. “Every time I see a man resting his elbow on the counter at a soda fountain I want to ask him if he knows the risk he is running of ruining his sleeve. “You can’t tell a man’s occupation from the suits Hfe sends us. Judging from the appearance of the clothes we get now and then from some prosperous business men, they might be hod carriers. “Chewing gum, malted milk, condensed milk, ice cream, indelible ink, road oil, per- fumes, battery acid, lipstick and rouge— « these are leaving the finger prints of the twentieth century on our clothing.” a set that afternoon, and the camera photographs every smallest hollow and pucker. Well, we took the-suits back, resmoothed them, and delivered them that afternoon over the arms of uniformed boys from the movie studio. PEOPLE speak of the dry- cleaning industry as a laundering . business. More exactly, I think, it is a chemical business. The removal of stains from clothing requires not only a_ knowledge of chemistry, but the equipment of a miniature laboratory. Our men customers appreciate this far more than women. They seldom attempt to remove stains themselves, but women almost always do, to the despair of our spotting de partment when the garment is finally brought to us. For example, a woman the other day brought us a silk dress, pointing out a yellowish stain, which we Jater found im- possible to remove entirely. She said she first had tried a solution of oxalic acid on a stain and, when this failed, had resorted to permanganate, without rinsing the oxalic acid from the fabric. Women who are otherwise of a cautious temperament seem to take the wildest chances when it comes to saving a dry-cleaner’s bill. F THEY could see the mod- ern equipment of the stain- removing department in a dry-cleaning plant, they would hesitate before taking even a grease stain out of a table- cloth! We call the man whose job it is to remove stains, the “spotter.”” The spotter’. tools range all the way from an air gun to a card-index drawer holding stain-removing for- mulas. His stock chemicals, such as chloroform, acetic acid, ammonia, alcohol, benzol, and so on, stand within reach. So does another collection of prepared mixtures and sol-

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24 vents. Other parts of his equipment are: A spotting bowl on a swinging arm, for stains that are removed best by stretching the fabric over the bowl and pouring a cleanser on the material. A vacuum tool that the spotter places underneath the stain, to draw off the solvent or water applied from above. An atomizer or sprayer that may be operated by air pressure from a com- pressed-air tank. A blower for quick drying. A swinging sleeve board for working on sleeves, and, of course, a small sink. Hew do people get holes in their clothes? Cigarettes and burned matches cause the most holes in men’s suits. Moth holes come next. It is interesting to study these holes under a micro- scope, for the fibers then show up broken in a charac- teristic way, according to the cause of the hole. For example, pure silk, when burned with a cigarette, swells and forms a bead of char, easily distinguished under the microscope. People -usually are not sure themselves what caused holes in their clothes. When there is any question, we use not only the microscope, but also the litmus-paper test to determine the cause. For example, a woman came in the other day, much excited because her hus- band’s suit came back from dry cleaning with three little holes in the back of the coat. She kept saying she was sure we had used corrosive “chemicals” on a perfectly good coat. We took the coat to the spotting table and damp- ened the margin of the hole. We then pressed a piece of litmus paper to the damp- ened cloth. If acid had been present, the paper would have turned red, but it didn’t. ‘Then we pressed on a piece of red litmus paper—if the damage had been due to an alkali, the paper would have turned blue. But neither test gave a chemical reaction. So we ex- amined the fabric under the magnifying glass. This disclosed a thin film, a snow-white, gauzelike structure, all about the hole, such as is formed by the attach- ment of a cocoon or some insect. E TOLD this to our woman cus- tomer, and she finally admitted that her house had been infested with moths last summer, and that she really hadn’t examined the coat carefully before sending it. Men who have radio outfits at home are close runners-up to moths, in the damage they do to the family ward- robe. A little battery acid on your hand and a light touch on a dress or coat, and a hole is almost certain to appear sooner or later, depending on the kind of fabric. Battery acid is sulphuric acid, and thanks to the popularity of radio, it is one of the most destructive agents now POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY causing trouble to the careful dry cleaner. The action of the acid may not be de- tected for weeks or months. Then, when the garment is sent to the dry cleaner and cleaned, a piece of the fabric, car- bonized by the slow but deadly action of the acid, drops out. There is absolutely no way that the cleaner, prior to the acci- dent, can know that the garment had been exposed to this destructive element, if the customer himself does not give this information. Most people are amazed, too, to learn the number of other corrosive acids, salts, and alkalies commonly used around their own homes. The cuticle remover a How Stains Are Removed The “spotting” table, most improved scien- tific equipment for removing stains from clothing, is in reality a miniature chemical laboratory. The “‘spotter’s’’ tools range all the way from an air gun and vacuum cleaner driven by motor toa card-index drawer holding formu- las for stain removal. Stock chemicals, mix- tures, and solvents stand within his reach woman uses in manicuring looks colorless and harmless enough, but I have seen a skirt that once had been splashed with it become eventually peppered with holes. The metal polishes, ink eradicators, and shoe cleaners in your home may contain oxalic acid, which puts holes in plant fiber and weighted silk when dried on the fabric. Corn and wart removers usually contain acids corrosive to fabrics. Every time I see a man at a soda foun- tain spill soda on his coat, I want to tell him to wash it right out with water, even though it is apparently hid- den in the fabric. Soda-fountain drinks often owe their flavor partly to acids that cause holes long after you have forgotten having spilled anything. Often these stains do not eat the fabric until heat is applied, which explains why holes some- January, 1926 times appear in steaming, drying, and pressing. The other day we received from a woman a fine bedspread, worth about $150. It was linen, embroidered with colored wool. In laundering, the color had run from the wool into the linen, and our job was to take out the color that had run. Our first step was to set the color of the wool. We then immersed the spread in a plain soap-and-water bath, swishing it gently around—when immediately several large pieces dropped out of the fabric, leaving great holes. Nothing in the water bath could have caused this. What had happened was that in some previous attempt to remove the stains an acid, probably sulphuric, had been used and left in the fabric, to do-its corroding work unnoticed. That same week we re- ceived from a hotel an Oriental rug. Upon ex- amination, we found it con- tained a large hole, more than a foot in diameter. We thought it might have been caused by the battery acid from a radio set. On calling up the hotel, how- ever, we learned that a tea table had been standing for more than a year over that particular spot. The com- bination of tea and sugar, spilled on the rug, had slowly eaten away a hole that took our Armenian weaver several days to mend. People often ask me if we can’t tell a man’s occupa- tion from the clothes he sends us. Well, Mark Twain sent us his famous white stits at the rate of one a week, winter and summer, year after year. He wouldn’t tolerate the smallest spot. If a drop of mud splashed on his trousers—off to the dry cleaner with the whole suit! But that doesn’t prove that all of our white-suit customers are Mark Twains, or even writers. On the contrary, the remarkable thing to me is that you can’t tell a man’s occu- pation from the suits he sends us. We find business men, as a class, the most particular about their clothes. On the other hand, judging from the appear- ance of the clothes we get now and then from some prosperous business men, they might be hod carriers! A DETECTIVE, perhaps, might make a pretty close guess at your occu- pation from the corroding materials traced on your clothes. If you are in the automobile repairing or manufacturing business, you are probably in daily con- tact with the sulphuric acid in storage batteries; the caustic soda in nickel iron batteries, soldering fluxes (hydrochloric acid) and so on. If you are a barber, you play around with silver nitrate for antiseptic, and alum and ferric chloride to stop bleeding. If you have anything at all to do with (Continued on page 142) Jar spec we s ove! that sun less leap mem in th total this scien far-o the large obser nome ‘ J f 7 8 k t

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Another Eclipse— What It May Tell Us By Newton Burke HE total eclipse of the sun last January presented to thousands of us the opportunity of witnessing a spectacle whose awe-inspiring splendor we shall never forget. Darkness creeping over the snow; weird, flickering shadows that appeared from nowhere; the dazzling sun gradually obscured until at a breath- less moment the greenish gold corona leaped from the rim—these are the memories of a lifetime. On January twenty-fourth next, early in the morning, the tremendous scene of a total solar eclipse is to be repeated, but this time for a select little group of scientists who await it in the jungles of far-off Sumatra and Borneo. But because the last eclipse was witnessed by the largest number of persons that ever observed ene of these rare celestial phe- nomena, the coming eclipse is awaited The Moon’s Shadow The path of the total eclipse of January 24 will extend from Africa to the Philippine Islands. The black portion of the band, 89 miles wide, represents the um- bra, or total shadow; gray portion, the penumbra, or partial shadow with larger and keener interest, possibly. than any previous eclipse. What new things will be learned about the sun, the moon, the earth, the universe? Scientists from all parts of the world now are gathering in Sumatra, Dutch East Indies, and Borneo. where the eclipse’s path is widest and where totality will last three minutes and 10 seconds. Dr. Heber D. Curtis, of the Allegheny Observatory, and Prof. John A. Miller, director of the Sproul Ob- servatory at Swarthmore College, set out last Sep- tember on their journey half around the world to Dr. J. A. Anderson of Mt. 25 ieee ad witness the event. Professor H. T. Stetson of Harvard and Wilson Observatory also went from America. Thousands of dollars have been spent in the transportation and setting up of scientific equipment, all on a gamble, for always there is the possibility that clouds _will intervene and make all the prepara- tions valueless. Starting at dawn, local mean time, the path of the eclipse shadow will range from a point in Central Africa, south of the Sudan and north of Lake Victoria, along the equator, across the Indian Ocean to south Sumatra, thence to Borneo and Mindanao in the Philippine Islands. Radio will keep you informed of its progress as it sweeps over these distant regions at a cannon-ball speed of 1388 miles an hour. The total eclipse is due to arrive in Sumatra at approximately 2.25, local mean time. There the shadow of the moon will have a width of 89 miles. The eclipse will last two hours and two minutes. N THIS brief flash of time, while the moon passes between earth and sun, blotting the latter from view, the scientists will attempt to add a few more details to our understanding of the universe. For one thing, they will try to measure the light of the corona. An ettempt to do this at Harvard University last year failed. ‘The obse. ers also may be able to determine the edge of the moon’s shadow path onthe earth. This observa- tion involves the problem of the exact dis- tance of the sun from the earth. If we could establish this distance, then man could measure all celestial distances.

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th POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 ‘Ts Your Memory Really Bad or Just Badly Managed?r Most of us are too lazy to remember properly, says an expert— Useful tricks for recalling names, faces, and telephone num- bers—Why a young man usually has a better memory than his father—A dozen ways to test yourself By Robert S. Woodworth, Ph.D. to*me discouraged. “T simply haven’t any memory,” he complained. “I never seem to be able to remember a thing I read.” “Perhaps you haven’t given your memory a chance,”’ I suggested. ‘‘Sup- pose we test it.” I tried him with numbers. To his surprise he found that he could remember nine numbers repeated to him success- ively, and even repeat seven backward. He learned to repeat a stanza of poetry in a full minute less than it took the average person, and in other tests he scored high. The fault clearly was not in his memory, but in the way he used it. He had been in the habit of reading passively without thinking while reading, without analyzing the important parts. He had given his brain nothing to remember. Many persons. are like that, fer recent psychological tests have resulted in the surprising but encouraging conclusion that most of us have more memory power than we realize. In other words, if you forget easily, the chances are that the trouble is not your memory, but the way you man- Or day recently a young man came SSSREEPSEEC Teer rer eeeRCeecEcceResteseseceesnseS 7 Try This——- —- ACH of the numbers listed below has one more digit than the preceding one. Have some one read the numbers aloud to you, one at a time, allowing an interval of one second between each digit. After each complete line is read, you are to repeat it from memory as best SOSSSRUECERS IER ReRRAKE you can. See how many you can remember correctly. Eight is a good score. Morethan 11 is highly exceptional. 1: 6 7> 349 §127-, 84583 oa. 2-6 1 7 4368273 17873346 925132764 8435615297 25917686495 732846195738 Dr. Woodworth is Professor of Psychol- ogy at Columbia University, and former Chairman, Division of Anthropology and Psychology, National Research Council mW)om Oo] pHO Git eV OONV GS POA DY Can You Remember Pictures? Study these 25 forms for one minute. Then turn to page 149, where you will find a group of 50 forms, among which these 25 are hidden. Check each of the forms that you remember, scoring yourself one point for each one that yeu check correctly, and deducting one point for each that you mark wrong. If you remember 7 out of the 25, it is a good score age it. And you can improve your mem- ory immensely by improving its manage- ment. The memory process involves three steps: (1) Forming connections in the brain. (2) Retaining these, and (8) Putting them into activity again when occasion arises. Most persons who try to improve their memories believe that if they could re- tain facts, they would be all right. The truth is that no one can do much about this middle step. Your power there de- pends almost entirely upon your physical makeup. © Some brains are more plastic than others, and impressions remain longer in these than in others. Things begin to stick in the brain after three years of age, and from then up to 20 years the power of retention grows. From then to about 40 it remains the same, after which it diminishes. A man at 50 may seem to possess a better memory than the man of 20, but this is due probably to better judgment and organization of material than actual power of retention. I know an old retired army officer who can sit for hours telling of his experiences in the Civil War. ‘“‘What a remarkable memory!” his hearers exclaim. As a matter of fact, his feat is due to the reason that his memory has become poorer and he can remember nothing new. Daily events make so little impression on his brain, which is more or less rigid, that the early impressions are thrown into high relief. About the only way you can improve this power of retention is through general hygiene, which keeps your brain in good condition. Intoxicants and illness often weaken brain connections. But if you have good health and take care of your- self, you need not worry about retaining the connections. The important place to concentrate in improving your memory is in establishing the connections well by getting things into your head in a con- nected way. It is because of this that you can succeed if you deliberately set out to improve your memory. First, however, it should be noted that improvement will come not in general memory power, but in special fields. Psychologists, after testing the memorics of many people, say that training does not improve the general faculty of memory, but simply increases the ability to do a particular kind of memory job. If you want to remember faces, you must ——-and This a are 10 sets of paired words. Read them over, as- sociating each of the words in your mind with the opposite one with which it is paired. Now turn to page 149, where you will find the first words of the pairs listed in a different order. Opposite each write down its associate. After one read- ing you should be able to remember four or five df the associates; after two readings, seven, and after three readings, eight or nine. freeme......%% design.::..... expensive... ..snake Fries Seer ae lightning. .... overcoat. .... purpose...... I 8s 5 93 stieten.... ...... I yok acs instrument. .. er ets a... cK MES os Sas smoke ...... Baer rere guilty sickness...... unseen ...... Janu prac! faces um mem ita date: learn nam num! i) the make prov back cial | want mem traor mem ular { listen choir Char not ¢ went the ° mem ing | classi A ago, “Blir who ular | audie ing t after easy, happ orgar his o ly to Bli passa other piece done N‘ but 1 famil musi sions the Blinc Too! train impo ing ° stant aroul holdi and it isn facts gene fit a that $15,¢ To tl smal. boug likey size the hear:

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January, 1926 practise remembering faces. If it is telephone numbers, practise re- membering them. If it is dates, practise dates. You won’t learn to remember names by practising on numbers. This gives a hint of the first suggestion I make—that is, to im- prove your general background in the spe- cial field in which you want to improve your memory. USICIANS have performed ex- traordinary feats of memory in their partic ular field. Mozart, after listening once to the choir in the Sistine Chapel singing music not available in print, went home and wrote the whole thing from memory. This amaz- ing feat has become remember. classic. A number of years ago, I attended a performance given by “Blind Tom,” an old colored pianist who had lost his sight. After his reg- ular concert he asked any one in the audience to play any composition, say- ing that he would repeat it immediately afterward. Often, I suppose, this was easy, but the day I heard him there happened to be in the audience a skilled organist, who played a learned piece of his own composition. We watched eager- ly to see what would happen. Blind Tom was a little fussed and in one passage hesitated for an instant, but otherwise went straight through the piece. The organist said that he had done very well. ~~ Blind Tom had not remembered that complicated piece note for note, but merely put together parts that were familiar to him. Through long study, musicians get to know ‘phrases, succes- sions of chords, and harmonies. When the organist played a certain phrase, Blind Tom grasped the idea instantly. To one who had no background of musical training, the feat would have been impossible. Real-estate brokers seem to have amaz- ing memories. They can tell you in- stantly about every tract of land for miles around—how much area each has, who’s holding it, how much mortgage there is, and so on. But when you analyze it, you see that it isn’t so much that they learned isolated facts, as that they have a background of general facts about local real estate that fit all cases. They hear, for example, that a certain piece of property is held for $15,000, but there is a heavy mortgage. To them this means that the owner has a small equity; that the property could be bought for very little cash. The price likewise gives them an indication of the size of the tract. All this goes through the real-estate dealer’s mind when he hears the price. Itis part of his job. He POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY How Many Obiects Can You Remember? Study this picture carefully for one minute and see how many objects you can {ind in the room. Then close the book and write down as many of the objects as you If you remember more than 15, your score is good; 20 is excellent acquires naturally a background of facts without any deliberate effort to remem- ber. An actor, accustomed to the phrase- ology of the drama, can learn a long “‘part”’ very quickly. His memory seems remarkable, yet he would have just as much difficulty as any one else in pursuing a course in law, say, or learning the details of a commercial position. An actor who had appeared in several Shake- spearean productions could commit to memory passages from an unfamiliar play by the same dramatist in almost the time A Test of Proverbs R= these proverbs over once, taking about two seconds for each proverb. Then close the book and write or tell some one as many as you can remember. You should be able to remember at least six. Make hay while the sun shines. All’s well that ends well. Haste trips up its own heels. Enough is as good as a feast. Great hopes make great men. Brave actions never want a trumpet. A broken sack will hold no corn. Feast today and fast tomorrow. All is not gold that glitters. Pleasing everybody is pleasing nobody. He who begins many things finishes few. Idle folks have the least leisure. One hour today is worth two tomorrow. 7 Wilful waste brings woeful want. New occasions teach new duties. A stumble may prevent a fall. Many hands make light work. No news is good news. Too far east is west. Gifts make beggars bold. Caution is the parent of safety. The sweetest grapes hang high- est. Better late than never. 27 that an ordinary per- son, or even an actor who had not appeared in the classic drama, ° would require to read them through intelli- gently. REMEMBER learn- ing Spenser’s “Faerie Queene.” At first it took me 10 or 12 minutes to learn a stanza, but after mem- orizing 50 stanzas, I could do one in five minutes. What really was happening was that I was getting used to the author’s archaic style. Remembering came easier because I was getting those aids or helps that come from the acquisition of a “background.” If you were trying to memorize the de- tails of a radio circuit, and knew little about radio, it. would take you many times as long as it would an engineer to whom all of the terms and ideas were familiar. All he would have to do would be to group together familiar facts. The actual amount of,new learning would be small. Probably the most spectacular of mem- ory stunts are done with figures. There was a man named Ruckle in Germany who could repeat 45 numbers in succession, forward and backward, and perform other astonishing feats. If you examined his history, you noted that he was obsessed with numbers from child- hood. When he saw the combination of 313, he recognized it as a prime number, one that can’t be divided evenly by any digit. He knew all the prime numbers up to 1000— they were old friends and to him as familiar as single digits. He knew all the perfect squares, the roots, and so forth. Due to his background, he had a vocabu- lary of numbers of which you and I might be completely ignorant. |? YOU improve your grasp of a certain subject, your memory in regard to new details of that subject will improve with it. You can help yourself in getting the first connections well established by relat- ing facts in large units—the larger the better. Blind Tom, the real estate man, and Ruckle illustrate this. The musician remembered whole passages instead of single notes. The mathematician re- membered figures in combinations of three or larger, and the real-estate man remembered a group of related facts about a certain piece of property. Recall- ing a single fact in a related group brought all of the facts'to mind. So in memorizing, try to link different elements together. If you can see them already bound, it means that much less work for you. Interest in a subject helps a great deal in linking facts together. I know boys (Continued on page 147)

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 ‘When rains Crash— By Truman Stevens

ARLY one morning several months ago I was riding a sleeper on a flying trip from an Ohio city to New York when I was rudely jolted awake by a sudden grinding of brakes and lurching of cars as the limited came to a full stop. It so happened that the train had been speeding me to an important engagement in the metropolis that morn- ing; and so, as I peered wide eyed into the darkness, it was with a feeling of dismay, a few moments later, that I heard the word passed down the line that there was a wreck ahead. Two freight trains had collided—a moving coal train had crashed into a standing one. It was the kind of wreck every trainman dreads; for three of the four tracks of the line literally had been buried by the tangled wreckage of steel “hopper” cars and by piles of coal flung across the right of way by the crash. It was just the kind of a wreck, too, that might doom all my carefully laid plans for the day. Not only was I due in New York at a definite hour that morning, but my schedule gave m2 only four hours’ time to transact my business there and to catch the only returning train that would take me back to Ohio in time for another and equally innportant appointment. When eventually our train was,switched over to the only clear track and we crept slowly past the scene of the disaster, the sight revealed by the first break of dawn was far from reassuring. Plowing into the standing coal cars, the locomotive of the moving train had flung itself on end and, breaking from its tender, had hurtled against a telegraph pole and keeled over

onitsside. There it lay, a dying monster, gasping and hissing, while a wrecking crew made ready a giant derrick to lift its remains. Here and«there hurrying men with flaring torches were cutting away at the tangle of steel cars; others were digging into the scattered piles of coal. The work of ‘clearing away” had started. It was a job, I figured, that would take fully a day, if not two, and it would be 24 hours at least before normal traffic could be resumed on schedule. I gave up all hope of making a return trip that day. Imagine my surprise when, after reach- ing New York and keeping my business appointment, I learned upon inquiry that the train on which I originally had planned to return would leave on sched- uled time! The wreck had occurred shortly before five o’clock in the morning. By eight o’clock, only three hours later, all three of the buried tracks had been cleared sufficiently for scores of com- muters’ trains to pass through! And before noon, when I passed the scene a second time, there remained little evi- dence of the early morning catastrophe. :* SEEMED the work of magic. That such a tremendous task could have been completed in a few hours so amazed me that at the first opportunity I sought out the freight trainmaster of one of the largest Eastern railway systems to inquire of him the secret of how it was done. The trainmaster is the man on whom the burden falls whenever there is a “wreck to be cleared. His is the job of rushing wrecking crews to the scene of Our Job Begins” 4 Feteran Tells How the Wrecking Crews Clear the Track—A Week's Work ina Few Hours < What a Storm Did In a few hours the wrecking crew cleared away this pas- senger-train wreck caused by a severe storm near Rock- port, N. J. The photograph shows the wrecking crew,with powerful derrick, lifting a shattered coach off a hillside disaster at a moment’s notice, of directing the work of giant cranes and acetylene torchmen. In his quick-thinking brain rests the responsibility of restoring normal traffic in the shortest possible time. I found him to be a man of surprisingly quiet voice and manner—a man ac- customed to. give orders of life-and-death importance calmly, with the assurance that they would be instantly obeyed. “How is it possible,’’ I asked him, ‘‘to clear away the wreckage of two steel coal trains in three hours?” 7 COAL wreck is the worst kind of a job we have to tackle,” he replied. “The only reason we can clean it up so quickly is simply that it must be done. At this moment thousands of freight cars and passenger coaches are clicking over the rails of our division. Hundreds of thousands of passengers are depending on us to carry them on time to their work and to their homes. Hundreds of cars are transporting coal to heat the homes and office buildings of a great city. Other cars are laden with tons of fruit and other perishable products that might be ruined totally by delay. “‘Just consider all that the movement of these cars means to the daily life of an im- mense population; and then think that anywhere, any time, some little mistake, some little piece of mechanism gone wrong, may throw a monkey wrench that will stop every wheel from turning. A towerman may ‘daydream’ for a brief moment; a switchman may pull a lever at the wrong time, a storm may under- mine a single rail. Any one of these Januar things runnin sb he turnin; swiftly tion o! conven also be tremen itself. bear tl such as transit, the ma portant HE tha floor be yet fine of whi «geared perfect The cle calmly finds ea definite that is matical. Imag winter chief di rings. an engi has stag track t placed mile for voice o1 ditch—; passeng: The s Instant nurses, |

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ae fe) ee ee a SS. lL — YS January, 1926. things may paralyze a vast, smoothly running railway system.” The trainmaster paused, recalling, per- haps, disasters of the past. ‘“‘Whenever trains crash, our job begins, and then it is up to us to get the wheels turning smoothly again. It must be done swiftly, not only because on the resump- tion of traffic depend the comfort and convenience of thousands of people, but also because every hour of delay may spell tremendous loss to the railway company itself. Consider that a railway must bear the entire loss of perishable stuff such as fruit, if it is delayed and spoiled in transit, and you will understand one of the many reasons why speed is so im- portant whenever a wreck occurs.” HE trainmaster’s office, I found, like that of the chief dispatcher on’ the floor below, is an amazingly complicated, yet finely regulated emergency machine, of which the parts are human brains geared to think and act at top speed, with perfect precision, when occasion demands. The clerks go about their ordinary tasks calmly and easily; yet the call for action finds each at his designated post, with a definite duty to perform—a duty that is completed almost auto- matically. Imagine yourself, some howling winter night, in the office of the chief dispatcher. A telephone bell rings. Somewhere out in the storm an engineer, scalded and bleeding, has staggered half a mile down the track to one of the telephones that are placed along the line at intervals of a mile for just such emergencies. It is his voice on the wire. Number 47 is in the ditch—jumped the rails—fireman killed— passengers badly hurt—! The saving of human life comes first. Instantly the call goes out for doctors, nurses, and ambulances. Simultaneously Your Life Depends on Him The lonely track walker treads miles of rail- Toad ties, tightening bolts on the rail joints to guard against the chance of derailment POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY the order is flashed for all trains on the division to stop until the full extent of the wreck can be determined. Officials of the railway, as well as state and Federal com- missions must be notified. Already the machinery is in motion for-an official in- quiry into the cause of the disaster. This much has been the task of the dispatcher. It has required only a few minutes—perhaps a quarter of an hour. Amazing, how swiftly men can move to the work of rescue in such an emergency. “I remember one passenger-train wreck on a Western road,” said the.trainmaster. “An express, roaring along at 50 miles an hour, passed a certain block signal where it should have halted. In the signal tower an operator gasped, for he realized that a collision was certain; another train was speeding in the opposite direction on the same track. The operator jumped to the telephone and flashed word to the dispatcher. Doctors, nurses, and ambu- lances were on the way from the nearest point even before the collision had occurred!”’ And now, with everything possible done to save human life and relieve suffer- ing, the enormous task of clearing the rails begins. With the first report of the wreck, the trainmaster’s orders have gone out to wrecking crews on duty day and night at several points on the division. In half an hour a fully equipped wreck train, with mighty cranes capable of lifting 100 tons and more, is moving toward the scene of the disaster. 7 AFTER its arrival, while great me- chanical arms lift locomotive and steel cars bodily from where they lie sprawled across the rails, desperate ef- forts are in progress to get traffic moving once more. If only two of four tracks are tied up, the problem is comparatively simple, for trains can be operated on the other two. If three tracks are out of commission, the fourth can be used. If four tracks are out, however, some kind of a detour must be arranged. Either a new track must be thrown around the wreck, or trains must be detoured over a branch line or over the line of another company. The use of steel cars, while preventing much loss of life and property in wrecks, 29 Off the Bridge A 150-ton wrecking crane preparing to lift a derailed freight locomotive that plunged from a railroad bridge in Wisconsin has brought new problems to the men who must clear the tracks. When the heavy steel becomes crushed and tangled, saws and axes are of little avail. Thus the acetylene torch in recent years has become one of the most important tools of the wrecking crew. Where brake rigging and running parts and bodies of heavy steel cars are massed badly, it saves time simply to burn them apart. Then the cut pieces can be lifted to the side of the track. “TT HE most effective use of the torch I ever saw,” the trainmaster told me, “‘was when two electric locomotives were wrecked at a tunnel entrance near New York. So tightly were they wedged at the entrance that they had to be cut apart. In the same wreck, the torchmen made a spectacular rescue of a trainman who had been pinned in an upright position in the vestibule of a steel car. In passenger wrecks sometimes the torches do great work in providing a way of escape for imprisoned travelers.” Steel railway equipment, too, has neces- sitated the development of wreck cranes of tremendous lifting power. In the New York terminal yards of a great rail- way system not long ago I found a derrick that within a radius of 17 feet will lift a weight of 150 tons, the strain of this weight being counterbalanced by cut- riggers. Two other derricks each had a capacity of 120 tons. Thanks to improvements in safety de- vices, train wrecks are becoming fewer every year. ‘But still we have to be ready for them when they come,” said the trainmaster. “We have to jump at a moment’s notice to handle anything, from the derailment of one car to a crash that costs many lives and ties up an entire division.” ‘“‘Why do wrecks occur? Well, there are three chief causes—failure of man power, failure of equipment, and acts of nature, such as storms. ‘ ‘‘A storm is the one big cause that is

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30 beyond human control. Only a few months ago a frightful derailment oc- curred in New Jersey because a heavy rainstorm had washed sand across the tracks. Another fatal wreck was caused when a windstorm ripped the top from a freight car and threw it across a pas- senger track. Floods also are a frequent cause of wrecks that not even the most far-sighted management can guard against.” . fe FOR failure of man power and equip- ment, these are recognized as factors that can be controlled and reduced. The railroads long ago learned that only the man with a clear, healthy mind, free from worry, can be trusted to work under high tension without fear of making a fatal error that might take tremendous toll in life and property. A railroad man who brings domestic troubles to his job is regarded as amenace. By making their men happy and contented, the railroads more and more are endeavoring to pre- vent costly mental lapses such as that which occurred a few weeks ago on Long Island, when a trainman threw a switch while the wheels of a passenger train were passing over it. At the same time the railroads are constantly extending the scope of auto- matic control as a check against human fallibility. Just this year automatic braking control mechanism was installed on the lines of at least three American railroads. Sup- pose, for example, that an express train, thundering through the night, passes a block signal. The engineer has collapsed at the throttle. A mile ahead on the same track, a freight train is lumbering up a grade. Just when disaster seems certain, there comes a flash of sparks from beneath the front trucks of the locomotive. Miraculously the express be- gins to slow down—50, 40, 30, then only 20 miles an hour. Now the freight is only half a mile ahead. A grinding of air brakes, an unseen hand closes the throttle, and the express comes.to a full stop. A collision has been avcided without the POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY | B'S THE Sp VER OF as = STOP LOOK AND Listen? mA RALWAY A Lesson to Reckless Drivers How one American railway displayed a wrecked automobile as an object lesson to make other drivers think twice before trying the trick of beating a train at a crossing touch. of human hands. Such is the marvelous operation of the new auto- matic safety control. Hew greatly the perfection of safety de- vices and the improvement of operat- ing system and personnel have reduced losses from wrecks is evidenced by the records. In 1924, when 931,000,000 pas- sengers were carried—about nine_ times the entire population of the United States —the fatalities from passenger wrecks were only 149—15 per cent less than the average for the preceding four years. Fewer railway employees were injured than in any year since the records were started in 1888. When you eonsider the vast network of rail lines that covers the country; when you consider, for ex- ample, that at one signal tower in the New York district 1400 trains pass in every 24-hour period, the record of railway accidents is truly remarkable. But there is one potential cause of train wrecks that even the most perfect system and the most ingenious safety devices, it seems, have not yet been able to control. That is the ubiquitous automobile. “There’s nothing January, 1926 that worries the trainman more than the careless motorist at the grade crossing,” said the trainmaster. “It seems almost incredible, yet there have been numerous instances where a stalled car has derailed and wrecked the train that strikes it. Nor is it enough, it seems, to have warning devices and swinging gates at the cross- ings. I know of one Eastern railroad that reports it has an average of one gate a day broken by motorists who in- sist on running on the track when the barriers are down.” Hew the careless motorist is regarded by trainmen was illustrated strikingly following a serious wreck near New York. The automobile that threw the train off the track was buried beneath a tangle of steel freight cars on the edge of an embankment. Just as the members of the wreck crew were about to hoist the smashed motor to one of the flat cars that carried the train wreckage, the division superintendent interfered. “Hold on, boys,’’ he said. ‘Just leave that auto where it is, as a warning to other drivers.” So the wrecked car was mounted on a pedestal at the crossing where every passing motorist could view it. In late years the careful investigation and determination of the cause of every wreck has been effective in preventing similar accidents. The old ‘“‘cause un- known” no longer is accepted by the public nor by public commissions. Very often the search for the cause is extremely difficult. An investigation committee will work for days at the scene of a wreck, but in the end they find a ‘‘lead’”’ that brings a solution. 7" ONE puzzling case a train hauled by an electric locomotive had crashed into a passenger train, killing several persons,” said the trainmaster. “The motorman claimed the air-braking system was defective. To find out whether he was right, a device known as the angle cock, which was believed to have caused the trouble, was taken from the wreck and installed on a dummy train. Here it was operated to determine whether its condition would cause an interruption in the air system. The test proved that the motorman’s contention was right. Incidentally it led to im- provements designed to prevent further accidents of the same nature.” So it is that the very men who are on the job when disaster comes, to sweep away the wreckage and set the wheels of traffic again in motion, are equally vigilant to guard against the need of a wreck crew. These men are vital parts of a marvelously keen system that today makes it comparatively safe for you to travel on trains, and that brings the necessities of life to you. A Heavy Pull Pulling a locomo- tive out of a river on the Panama Railway. Me- chanical arms ca- rable of lifting 100 tons and more aid the wrecking crews who work at top speed to clear the line for traffic January, F Je bee nei POPULA they ha takes t] jobs ar astute « pointed eight “What’ peared The | the fac who fo four tir Conseq extrem of the present skilful Afte they d to M. who wi this p: membe worth- termin Unti

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oma oa SS ea OY Ue January, 1926 $1000 More in Cash to Prize-Winners Great © “What’s Wrong” Contest Read the Correct Answers and See How Nearly You Were Right in Our F JOHN and Mary Newlywed had ] been surrounded by a group of neighbors such as the readers of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY, never would they have been allowed to make the mis- takes they did in their early bungling of jobs around the house. Such keen and astute critics you never met as those who pointed out errors in the third series of eight pictures in our great $10,000 “What’s Wrong’ Contest, which ap- peared in the August issue. The August contest was remarkable for the fact that the number of contestants who found all the errors correctly was four times as great as for the July contest. Consequently the three judges faced the extremely difficult task of deciding which of the many correct sets of answers were presented in the clearest and most skilful manner. After long and careful consideration they decided that the first prize must go to M. Seklemian of Los Angeles, Calif., who with his wife is pictured at the top of this page. Perhaps Mr. Seklemian re- membered schoolboy lectures on the worth-whileness of persistence and de- termination. Anyway, in this case, his Winner of the $100 Prize Until he sees his picture here, Wrayburn M. Benton, of Springfield, Mass., won’t know that he is one of the successful contestants POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY persistence brought him a reward of lj if 1} $500 in cash. While’ working on the August contest he and his wife were camping on the Tioga Road in the high Sierras. The nearest post office was in the Yosemite Valley, 62 miles away. Time for getting in the answers was short. So the two set out and made the trip across the mountains, covering the 62 miles to the nearest post office. From _ there The Three Best i iy first three prizes in the August ““What’s Wrong” Contest are awarded by the judges as follows: FIRST PRIZE, $500 M. Seklemian Los Angeles, Calif. SECOND PRIZE, $100 Wrayburn M. Benton Springfield, Mass. THIRD PRIZE, $50 Joseph H. Glasser Cleveland, Ohio Names of winners of the other 65 prizes will be found on next page. Uncle Sam helped by speeding their entry to New York in an airplane. The an- swers reached the office of POPULAR SCI- ENCE MONTHLY just in time. Mr. Seklemian’s descriptions of the mis- takes made by John and Mary, and of the deliberate errors made by ‘the artist in drawing the pictures, were not only clear . and accurate, but they were accompanied by excellent drawings of the Newlyweds doing each of the tasks in the correct way, with the artist’s error in each case corrected. At THE bottom of the page is the picture of a man who is going to be surprised — Wrayburn M. Benton of Springfield, Mass., winner of the second prize of $100. Until he opens his January issue of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY, just as you did today, he will not know of Winner of the $500 Prize M. Seklemian, of Los Angeles, Calif., with Mrs. Seklemian. Together they journeyed 62 miles from their mountain camp to send their winning: entry his success in winning one of the prizes. When we wrote to Mr. Benton, asking him for his photograph, he was out of town on a business trip. His wife sent the photograph, saying that when he returned she would not mention having received our letter, but instead would let her husband have the surprise of finding his picture in POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. “T want to be there when he sees it,’’ she wrote. ‘He will be delighted.” Looking at Mr. Benton, would you suspect that he was a poet? We don’t know whether he writes poetry for a living (confidentially, we suspect not), but it was through humorous verse that he chose to point out John’s mistakes in doing odd jobs about the house. OSEPH H. GLASSER of Cleveland, Ohio, wins the third prize of $50. Just as Mary worked with John in putting up shelves and papering walls, so did Mrs. Glasser help her husband in figuring out the Newlyweds’ mistakes. “My wife and I spent together many interesting, somewhat perplexing even- ings at work on the ‘What’s Wrong’ pic- tures,” he writes. In preparing their answers this young couple no doubt were aided by their own experiences, for it hasn’t been long since they themselves started housekeeping. After putting to bed Joseph Glasser, Junior (a very im- portant individual, aged one year), they got out their copy of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY, and in the home-making strug- gles of John and Mary, they recognized some of the mistakes they themselves had made. Then Mr. Glasser got out his drawing board and very skilfully showed our artist just how the pictures should have been made. A snapshot of Mr. and Mrs. Glasser appears on the next page. At the top of page 32 you will find the names of the winners of the five $10 prizes, as well as the 60 winners of the $5 prizes. See if your name is on the list.

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POPULAR SCKENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 Jacob Kleiner, Richmond Hill, N. Y. ogy K. Andersen, Arcadia, Calif. W. F. Armstrong, South Gate, Calif. Paul J. Auxier, Omaha, Neb. Wm. E. Barnaby, Beverly Hills, Calif. Edwin F. Bramin, Balboa Heights, C. Z. H. O. Bumann, Savannah, Ga. J. H. Coman, Durham, N. C. Pay-Lieut. J. O. Cossette, B. C., Can. Helen Culbertson, Hanover, Ind. W. S. Cunningham, Shreveport, La. Edward P. Drake, South Bend, Ind. Frank M. Dugan, Utica, N. Y. Mrs. P. Arthur Erickson, Seattle, Wash. Chas. V. Fairchild, Los Angeles, Calif. Ed. C. Fleischman, Detroit, Mich. Harland G. Foster, Brooklyn, N. Y. Angus W. Gordon, Louisville, Ky. G. A. Graham, Baltimore, Md. Milton A. Graves, Evanston, IIl. David F. Gray, Kansas City, Kan. Esquimalt, Mr. and Mrs. Gustave C. Lindquist, Los Angeles, Calif. Sixty-Five Additional Prize-Winners FIVE PRIZES—$10 EACH Nina E. McLelland, Houston, Tex. SIXTY PRIZES—$5 EACH C. R. Greenwald, Columbus, Ohio George H. Groth, Cleveland, Ohio Otto Alfred Hansen, Brooklyn, N. Y. Walter C. Harris, Brooklyn. N. Y. F. G. Hill, Fort Pierce, Fla. F. P. Hodgkinson, New York City W. B. Hughes, Wilmore, Ky. John Intemann, Rockaway Beach, N. Y. Mrs. W. A. Jacobs, Mt. Vernon, N. Y A. B. Kinney, Lima, Ohio O. B. Laurent, New Roads, La. Jos. P. Leahy, San Jose, Calif. J. G. Lips, Louisville, Ky. E. H. Lukenbill, Harrisburg, Pa. Robert P. Lyle, Rivera, Calif. John A. Malm, Denver, Colo. Mrs. Clyde Mayne, Austin, Tex. H. S. Merritt, Los Angeles, — Henry J. Meyer, Jersey City, N. J. Nicholas Michel, Sulphur Springs, Tex. Tom H. Miles, Washington, Ind. Louise Gardiner Walshe, Jersey City, N. J. Irene M. Thun, Brooklyn, N. Y. whey Moeddel, St. Bernard, Ohio O’Brien, Portage la Prairie, Man., i William Otto, Eaton, Colo. Orrin V. Overton, Janesville, Wis. E. H. Parker, Hartford, Conn. E. M. Riggs, Dos Cabezos, Ariz. Halleck G. Ranger, Indianapolis, Ind. A. L. Robinson, Stockton, Calif. Harrison H. Schley, Waukesha, Wis. . G. Simmons, Kokomo, Ind. Pearl Smith, St. Paul, Minn. Harry M. Steed, Portsmouth, Ohio Richard E. Stifel, Cleveland, Ohio Mrs. Ivan R. Stubblefield, Cincinnati, Ohio Howard H. Sweet, Attleboro, Mass. L. E. Trueblood, South Bend, Ind. Mrs. C. A. Tryon, La Salle, N. Y. Stephen A. Yesko, Washington, >. C, Rogers G. Young, Jr., Pawtucket, R. » a - e SUSUTASUCRSSSCERSRESSE SESS ESEEC EDLC ERS A casual glance at the addresses of the successful contestants will show that they are scattered far and wide through the country. Every one of the thousands of entries in the contest was gone over carefully and the judges based their final decisions on three points—accuracy, clearness, and skill of presentation. Many of the con- testants whose answers were presented in excellent form, fell short of winning one of the cash prizes simply because of some slight inaccuracy in their answers. NE more month and then all of John’s and Mary’s troubles will have been solved. If you didn’t win a prize this month, there still is a good chance that you may be successful in the September contest; for the results thus far in the $10,000 Contest have shown that some cf those who have been low on the list of prize-winners one month, or not AUGUST CONTEST ANSWERS Picture No. 1. A—John is hanging the screen door upside down. The smaller section of the screen should be at the bottom. B—The artist has drawn the woodplane with cutting blade re- versed. Picture No. 2. A—John has removed the whole faucet. He should have taken out only the valve mechanism. B—The artist has drawn the handle of the rake at a wrong angle with relation to the prongs, and the handle of the hoe at a wrong angle with relation to the blade. Picture No. 3. A—John is nailing the edge of the board to the plaster of the wall. He should nail a wooden cleat to the wall for the shelf board to rest on. B—The back of the kitchen chair on which Mary is standing has been reversed by the artist. Picture No. 4. A—John is nailing down the linoleum as he unrolls it. He should not nail it down until he has fitted the whole surface completely, and he should wait at least a day or two until the linoleum lies flat. B—The artist has drawn the calendar to show 30 days for August. Picture No. 5. A—John is thinning out the paint with water. He should have used turpentine. B—The drain plug for the trap on the kitchen sink pipe is shown on top of the curve instead of at the bottom, where sediment collects. Picture No. 6. A—In tying the window weight to the new sash cord, John has left too much slack. The weight will strike the bottom of the compartment in which it slides before the sash is com- pletely raised. He should have just enough cord to permit the weight to clear the bottom of the pocket. B—The artist has placed the sash-lift several on the list at all, sometimes have shot surprisingly to the top in another month. Winners in the September Con- test will be announced in next month’s issue of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY, and the winners of the Grand Prize Contest winners soon after that. So that you can tell how nearly your own answers were right or wrong, the list of correct answers to the eight pictures in the August Contest are printed below. For each picture you were asked to tell, first, what John or Mary or both were doing wrong and why it was wrong; second, what deliber- ate mistake the artist made in - drawing the picture. inches from the center of the sash. ICTURE No. 7. A—John is using a 50-cent piece to set the spark plug points.- This will set them too far apart. He should use a dime. B—The artist has drawn the blade of the knife so long that it will not close into the handle. Picture No. 8. A—John is stor- ing the cement on the ground. The dampness of the ground will ruin it. He should store the cement inside or place it on boards and cover with rainproof material. B—The artist has drawn John’s shadow too high for any shadow cast by the sun. The names of prize-winners in the September Contest will be an- nounced in next month’s issue, In the following list of correct answers A in each case points out John’s error; B is the deliberate mistake made by the artist in drawing the picture. home at Cleveland, Ohio. Winner of the $50 Prize Joseph H. Glasser with Mrs. Glasser in front of their Aided by their own recent experiences in home-making, they spent many evenings together discovering the mistakes of John and Mary together with correct answers to the eight September Contest pic- tures. Watch for the February number, on the newsstands Jan- uary 10. Jai

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ie 1e il or ut ve or m he as ill m- ist ar ist ral January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 33

‘Where Old Houses Go Every Scrap of Wreckage—Even Bent Natl—Can Be Put to Use F YOU live in a growing city, nodoubt you often have watched I workmen demolish an old house or business block to make room for new and larger buildings. In the crash of tumbling debris there is a strange fascination. In a few hours the work of months, sometimes years, can be reduced to broken brick or stone, shattered timbers, lumps of plaster, and crooked : F ae ; nails, fit only for the dump heap. Yet, as our artist Lin F é cleverly shows on this page, practically every bit of this fits ; : “trash’’ usually is salvaged and put to some useful purpose. ' Nothing Is Wasted FLAGSTONES RELAID AS Each truckload of wreckage GARDEN PATHS hauled away from the house that is being demolished reaches a use- ful destination. Some of the more im- portant uses are pictured here. Even the smallest bits of scrap metal are collected, melted, and used again. e Usually lumber, stone, brick, glass, and : metals are sold on the site of the wrecked building, carried to yards on the out- SCRAP METAL REMELTED skirts of the city, and there recondi- AND USED AGAIN tioned for sale to building contractors

<i LIMESTONE ™ UTILIZED FOR GRAVE- -! STONES, MAUSOLEUMS AND HOUSE | ge FOUNDATIONS

ALL SCRAP STONE CRUSHED FOR CONCRETE f Oe

WINDOW GLASS INSTALLED IN : HOTBED FRAMES OR SHOWCASES

OLD BATHTUBS USED FOR CATTLE TROUGHS AND MOLDINGS USED JN BUILDING CHEAPER HOUSES i werd) ne PRS fr AILES RELAID IN re | |). © UTHER HOUSES Ta ee i * “DOORS REPOLISHED OR REMODELED AND USED AGAIN

PLUMBING FIXTURES REPLATED AND SOLD AGAIN.

FILL SWAMPY GROUND FLOORING MAKES GOOD SIDING OR SERVES TO REPAIR OLD BUILDINGS

~~ SOLDTO AUT ~ MANUFACTURERS , COR AWINDOWS AND WINDSHIELDS

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ers - CLOSED POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY How to Prevent Gas in Fueling with Soft Coal Since soft coal produces an immense amount of gas the instant it is added to your fire, it is necessary to keep the drafts closed and the chimney open when filling the furnace, in order to prevent the escape of gas into your home. This photographic diagram shows the proper arrangement of the various furnace openings when fueling to avoid gas escape HEN, last fall, a strike shut down \ \ the anthracite coal mines, people who had been accustomed to burn this fuel were thrown into a state of panic. Many probably believed that they were likely to be frozen to death before the end of winter, because the impression prevailed that bituminous or soft coal, the most available substitute for anthracite, is an unsatisfactory fuel for domestic purposes. As a matter of fact, properly used, soft coal is really just as good a fuel as anthracite and is considerably cheaper. Its only drawbacks are that it is a bit smoky and dirty and requires that more attention be given to the furnace. About 80 per cent of the domestic coal con- sumers in the United States never see a piece of hard coal from one year’s end to another. With soft coal, they keep their houses comfortably warm and even use this fuel successfully for cooking. Many of those who always have burned soft coal, however, probably waste a lot of money each winter just because they fail to handle this fuel] properly. While anthracite or hard coal con- tains only about 10 per cent of volatile matter that can be driven off in the form of gas, soft coal is 30 per cent volatile and in addition contains much tarry, sticky material. When you burn soft coal, then, you must keep in mind the gaseous nature of the material and take steps to insure the combustion of the excess gas. The first point to remember is that a soft coal fire should not be banked with a large mass of coal shoveled into te fur- nace at random. Whenever you add soft coal to the fire, a great quantity of gas is produced almost at once. Conse- guently, if you bank the fire so thoroughly that the red hot coal is completely buried, the temperature of the top layer will not be high enough to ignite the gas and there is a good chance for an explosion. In banking with soft coal, therefore, you must be careful to pile on the fresh coal in such a way that at least one spot of red hot coal is left exposed to furnish a flame that will ignite the gas as soon as it is produced. The second point to remember is that the tarry nature of soft coal causes it to form into lumps and cakes that impede the flow of air through the fire. This means that soft coal requires a good draft. Hence, you will have to keep the draft door open much more than for hard coal. The chimney damper should be open at all times, and it will be necessary to keep closed the door at the back or top of the furnace which, when open, allows air to flow directly into the chimney. V/ ith hard coal a gentle shaking of the grate twice a day usually is enough to dump all the ashes. With coke the shaking can be even more gentle. Soft coal, though, requires a great deal more attention in this respect. Jn addi- tion to shaking the grate twice a day, it is necessary to slice the fire two or three times every 24 hours. By “slicing” is meant inserting a long poker in the open- ing just above the grate—sometimes called the “clinker door’’—and heaving on it so that the end of the poker will lift up and break the sticky lumps and ° cakes. If slicing is not done properly and often enough, the draft will be cut off January, 1926 Tricks in Burning Soft Coal It’s Just as Good as Anthracite for Your Furnace when You Know = How to Handle It By George Lee Dowd, Jr. completely and the fire will go out. In order to supply enough air to burn completely the large amount of gas given off by soft coal, the fire door should be left ajar and the chimney damper should be open. This insures that air will be drawn in through the fire door and prevent the escape of gas into the cellar. Te most efficient way to test the flow of gas or air through the fire door is to light a match and hold it near the crack in the door. If the flame is drawn into the furnace, you may be sure that no gas is escaping. Be care- ful, of course, not to make the match test unless flames appear above the fresh coal. Otherwise the match may ignite the unburned gas and cause an explosion. Many people do not realize that soft coal can be burned with entire satisfaction in the ordinary kitchen range, provided that the stove is equipped with a grate with reasonably small openings. However, if your stove and chimney are not arranged to supply a good draft, soft coal cannot be used. The rules for burning soft coal in the kitchen range are much the same as for furnaces. Put. on small quantities of coal at a time, keep the chimney damper open at all times, do not remove the stove lids, and slow the fire down by lessening the draft. Break up the lumps and cakes with a poker at frequent in- tervals. That you shovel fuel on the fire and remove ashes regularly does not neces- sarily mean that you are getting all the heat out of the fuel even if the house is warm enough. . For real efficiency, three things are absolutely necessary in burning any kind of fuel, whether hard coal, soft coal, coke, or even wood. You must have air enough, you must: have heat enough, and the air must be mixed properly with the fuel you are trying to burn. By mixed, I mean that the air must be mixed with the gases and in contact with the hot coals. —_ these facts in mind you are in a position to make an intelligent examination of your own method of caring for your furnace, remembering, of course, that each kind of ‘fuel requires a different treatment and thet the size and type of your furnace, toge“her with the to 1 of wit V you are nac dete sme doe duc a oxy pro is al bur not the dea that this F a

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—— oe "SS at ad 1 it of of January, 1926 chimney arrangements, will affect results very materially. Of all the solid fueis, hard coal or anthracite is the easiest to handle. It is composed largely of pure carbon in a hard, dense form, with only a small per- centage of material that can be roasted out of it in the form of gases when it is exposed to heat. Because of this, the average user gets fair efficiency out of hard coal, especially during cold spells when the furnace is being pushed to supply as much heat ass possible. With hard coal, the falling off in efficiency occurs mainly when the weather is so mild that it is not necessary to force the fire. To cut down the draft and so reduce the heat of the fire during mild weather, most home owners set the fire door ajar. This per- mits cold air to flow over the fire in ex- cessive amounts and to cool the furnace without economy of coal. HERE is likewise a steady loss when a hard coal fire is banked. This is due to the wasted gases that are roasted out of the coal and sent up the chimney without being burned. When you smell coal gas in your house you are wasting fuel. Most home owners are satisfied if they can adjust their fur- naces so that this noxious odor is not detected, but the fact that you cannot smell coal gas in the cellar or upstairs does not mean that it is not being pro- duced in the furnace. The carbon in the coal unites with the oxygen of the air during the burning process in two different ways. If there is an ample supply of air, the result of the burning is carbon dioxide. When there is not enough air, the oxygen unites with the carbon to form carbon monoxide, a deadly poison. And you can be sure that if you smell coal gas in your house, this injurious gas is present. Fortunately, coal contains sulphur and - POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY COLD AIR CHECK DAMPER ASH PIT The Right Way to Add Fuel This cross-sectional view of a furnace illus- trates the correct method of fueling with soft coal. The coal is added so as to slope down from the back of the firebox, with live coals exposed in tht rear. Without this opening to the live coals, the fresh coal will form into a tarry mass that will extinguish your fire. Keep chimney damper slightly open the sulphur fumes give you warning of the danger, for carbon monoxide in the pure form is entirely odorless. Coal gas always is produced to some extent whether you use hard coal, soft coal, or coke. It gets out of the furnace and into your cellar when the chimney damper is closed too tightly. This is true even when the fire door and the fire door damper are closed, because the gas will leak out around the cracks in the fire door of the furnace. T° MAKE sure that no coal gas comes out of the furnace, always keep the 35 chimney damper open enough to permit a slight current of air to flow into the furnace through the cracks around the fire door and the chimney damper. Coke as a fuel for domestic furnaces resembles hard coal in many ways and the home owner who knows how to handle hard coal will have no difficulty in burn- ing coke. Coke is what is left of soft coal after the volatile matter has been roasted out to make gas. The residue is nearly pure carbon in a light, porous form. It burns . about twice as freely as anthracite. When burning coke, you can keep the draft door shut practically all the time. The fire door damper should be shut, too, since the gas-free nature of coke means that no air need be added above the fire to obtain satisfactory combustion. Coke weighs only about half as much for same volume as hard or soft coal, so you must not be sparing of this fuel when you bank the fire at night. Otherwise you may find the fire completely burned out by morning. Put on all the coke you can, O THE home owner in a section where anthracite is the regular fuel need have no reason to become panic-stricken over the prospect of a shortage in his favorite form of coal. Ifthere happens to be a strike in the hard-coal mining industry, he can turn to soft coal or coke, keep his home warm, and at the same time cut his coal bill nearly in two! There is just about as much heat in a ton of soft coal as there is in a ton of anthracite and with a little intelligent study of the simple rules for burning soft coal efficiently, you will find that soft coal makes a very satisfactory fuel. Really, the only disadvantage of soft coal is that it requires more attention and it vroduces a relatively large amount of smoke. That is the only reason that soft coal is not popular where hard coal can be procured. BITUMINOUS OR SOFT COAL Before breakfast: Open chimney damper. Shake well, using slice bar to remove clinkers and stir up fire. Add a small amount of coal. Leave fire door open. Ash- pit draft should be open. After breakfast: Add more coal. Leave fire door open. Adjust ashpit draft as needed. During the day: Add coal at least three or four times. After each firing, the fire door should be left partly open for a short time and then closed somewhat. If coal clinkers badly, grates should be shaken or sliced at least once during the day. At night: Fire should be shaken down and sliced until it appears bright and clean, with a good red glow in the ashpit. Put on plenty of coal. Be sure to leave small red hot spot un- covered. Close ashpit draft, partly close chimney damper and leave fire door ajar. A Daily Schedule for the Operation of Your Furnace ANTHRACITE OR HARD COAL Before breakfast: Open chimney damper. Shake fire to remove ashes. Put on fresh coal, just covering fire. Close fire door. Open ashpit draft door. Re- move ashes. After breakfast: Add more coal, check chimney draft, close ashpit draft and regulate chimney damper. During the day: The smaller the coal, the more fre- quent the firing. With furnace coal one firing at noon should be sufficient, with another before or after din- ner. ‘ At night: Shake until red glow can be seen in ashpit. Bank fire by using sufficient coal to cover all bright spots until top of fire is entirely black. COKE Before breakfast: Open chimney damper. Do not shake much, since a coke fire should not be disturbed any more than necessary. Shake just enough to re- move ashes. Shovel on as much coke as furnace will hold, and close fire door tight. Open ashpit damper a trifle and regulate chimney damper. After breakfast: No attention needed at this time. During the day: Since coke burns freely, the firing should be frequent, probably as often as with soft coal. Shaking and slicing during the day should not be necessary, unless the coke is of poor grade. The heat regulation should be done entirely with the chimney damper. At night: The fire should be well cleaned, since coke dies out easily and quickly. In banking, shovel in all the coke you'can cram into the door. All dampers should be closed except the chimney damper. Keep that open just enough to avoid coal gas in the house.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Reading Murder Clues in Gun Barrel Above: John H. Fisher examining the interior of the barrel of a murderer’s revolver with the remarkable new instrument that makes it possible to identify flaws that might be reproduced ona bullet fired through it. Right: Philip O. Gravelle using the instru- ment devised for comparing the markings on a bullet taken from a murder victim with those of a bullet shot from the suspect's gun On this and on the following page you barrels in such a way that his machine will read of discoverers who daily are always can identify them beyond question. adding to the sum of human knowledge, In the picture at the top of the page, and of their most recent a op aay Fisher is at work examining the interior to the scientific progress of the world. (+ | rurderer’s revolver barrel. At the end of the tube inserted in the barrel is a tiny lens and a microscopically small Every Gun Leaves Its Mark electric light bulb. With this instrument OT infrequently, projectiles figuring it is possible to examine the interior of N prominently in criminal cases will the barrel for flaws that might be re- reveal upon their surfaces ab- produced on a bullet fired through it, normalities that may have been caused by such as actual defects in the metal, rust defects within the barrels through which patches, lead or other metallic fouling, they have passed. Such a point was at and to note the effect upon them of issue in the recent murder trial of Gerald repeated firing, cleaning, or other pro- Chapman, and there existed considerable cedures. In addition, it is possible to difference of opinion as tothe actual causa- measure the twist of the rifling most tive agent that had produced certain January, 1926 Tracking the accurately. Since no two manufacturers use exactly the same twist, this measure- ment is important in establishing the source from which the weapon was ob- tained. In the right hand illustration above Gravelle is seen using the second of the remarkable instruments. This consists, essentially, of two complete microscopes connected by a prismatic arrangement so that tke two images can be made to overlap. A bullet taken from a murder victim is mounted beneath one micro- scope and a sample bullet shot from the suspected gun is mounted beneath the other. Strong light is thrown on both bullets in such a way that the infinitely small scratches and grooves produced by minute irregularities within the markings on bullets in evidence. " An examination of the gun barrel om to settle the matter could have been adequately carried out only by sawing it in two lengthwise, and thus destroying its value as evidence. Future questions of this kind are not to be left unanswered, however, for a group of New York arms ex- perts—Charles E. Waite, Major Calvin H. Goddard, Philip O. Gravelle and John H. Fisher—were even then working upon an apparatus that solves the difficilty without the least injury to the arm. The problem before them was to devise a mechanism that would illu- minate any desired area of a pistol barrel from .22 caliber upward, and at the same time permit a clear view of the field under examination. A modifi- cation of a surgical cystoscope and a graduated circle with vernier attach- ment added was finally evolved and fulfilled all requirements. Recently they completed this remarkable in- strument called a ‘“‘helixometer,”’ which makes it possible to examine through a microscope every portion of the inside of a revolver or rifle barrel. Through long researches Waite has barrels are brought into prominent relief. By turning both bullets care- fully, it is possible to compare the markings on one bullet with those on the other, and if it is found that they correspond exactly, doubt as to wheth- er the mortal bullet came from the suspect’s gun is entirely dispelled. Cheap Fuel from Dust ad YOU pump cornstarch with air into an inclosed tube and ignite the mixture with an electric spark, it will explode. Recent government ex- periments have shown in dust great explosive energy going to waste. Itis this that is utilized in a new fuel announced recently. Fuel made from dust or scourings, not only will make use of waste material, but will reduce a big potential fire hazard in manufactur- ing plants, explains W. A. Noel, an engineer of the Bureau of Chemistry of the Department of Agriculture. It would solve the problem of cheap fuel for factories, he adds, for it may be used in steam or gas engines. Wood, metal, leathers, chemicals, established the fact that no two rifled 2 Flaws in Railway Tracks Recorded revolver barrels ever are exactly alike. Defects in railroad track can be detected quickly Although made with exactly the same and easily by this new clockwork registering ma- tools, the minute grooves and eleva- chine. Installed in a coach, it records on a roll of tions’ made in the rifling of the two paper all vibrations and jolts when the train is . . ° running at high speed. The photograph shows barrels will, according to Mr. Waite, officials of the London “lst cgge Mor always mark the bullets fired from the of Great Britain testing track with the device cork, rubber, sugar, grain, cocoa, and cinnamon are but a few of hundreds of products from which the inflammable dust may be obtained. Probably the most powerful of all dusts is that of aluminum, while grain dusts are available in the greatest quantities. >

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January, 1926 Killer by His Bullets An Amazing Crime Detector—Other New Dauscoveries and Inventions To Silence Riveting Din HE terrific nerve-wracking din of riveting guns in the construction of steel buildings will be silenced within a few years, according to A. G. Bissell, general engineer of the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Are welding will replace the rivets. Welded joints now are used in air- planes and ships, and a few skyscrapers already have been constructed noiselessly. Only a few more steps need be taken, Bissell predicts, before the method will be recognized through the country as not only practical, but as a cheaper and better method of construction. The workman is equipped with a fiber hood and wears glasses to protect his eyes from the glaring light. A closely woven suit, a leather apron, gauntlets and bellows-tongued shoes protect him from flying incandescent particles. He works in a welding booth inclosed on at least three sides, but with provision for enough ventilation to clear the booth cf fumes. Corsica Floating Eastward FRENCH officer, Commandant Hel- bronner of the Geodetic Service, who has been making a survey of the island of Corsica, recently made the startling announcement that it was floating away. In the last 100 years, he estimates, it has moved eastward a distance cf about 33 feet, away from France, its owner. This curious discovery would fit in with the theories of geologists who suggest that the earth’s crust is shifting horizontally. A journalist in Italy suggested humorously that the people of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 37 Corsica would rather be Ital- ian than French, and there- fore are riding toward the land of their preference. A Substitute for Vaccination Artes 27 years of re- search, Dr. Mervyn Henry Gordon, of the Med- ical Research Council of Great Britain, has announc- eda discovery that in some circles is considered as im- portant as the recent dis- covery of cancer virus. He claims to have found a way to immunize persons from smallpox and other diseases without vaccination. Merely by sniffing through the nose a solution cf dead germs properly heated, or passing througha room filled with immunizing vapor, it is said, persons will become im- mune to certain diseases. Doctor Gordon worked with rabbits. Those “vaccinated” by sniffing dead virus, he reports, pro immune to cowpox, while others not so \ protected caught the disease. Transparent Gold (°° of a lacy texture and as trans- parent as glass, an amazing product announced recently, makes one _ half believe in magic wands. How it is made is kept secret. A German chemist, Dr. Carl Muller, discovered it by chance one day as he was investigating certain The remarkable achievement of sending eight .cod® messages simultaneously from a single radio transmitting tube, all on the same wave length, and of receiving them all on a single He Sends Eight Radio Messages at Once receiving set, was demonstrated recently by John Hays Hammond, Jr., noted inventor. The picture shows him with his staff of assistants at Gloucester, Mass., operating the instruments Electric Tiller to Steer Ships The most recent improvement over the time-honored steering wheel for ships is this electric controller, which closely resembles those used on streetcars. turn of the control handle by the helmsman causes the rudder to respond instantly to whatever direction is wanted A slight chemical rays in his laboratory in Berlin. ‘The new gold is described as a sieve of crystals through which light plays as through a thin veil of smoke or vapor. It is said to be 50 times as transparent as the thinnest gold leaf hitherto ob- tainable. Photographs may be taken through it. The weblike structure of the new metal leaves will be of immense value in the study of atomic structure, the discoverer claims, and will lead to a number of innovations in radio, telephone, phono- graph, and other appliances that require delicate membranes or conducting sur- faces. So little metal is used that real gold may be used for plating instead of gold alloys, making a film that neither fades nor tarnishes. New Sources cf Rubber es ENRY, we ought to have a rubber source of ourown. Foreign govern- ments could clamp down on us any minute, and where would we be?” “You're right, Harvey. Why couldn’t we get hold of some land and produce some rubber ourselves?” Some such conversation as this may have been the beginning cf the huge project announced recently for supplying the United States with rubber. Harvey Firestone has completed arrangements for a 99-year lease on a million acres of land in Liberia, Africa, suitable for rubber production, and a plantation of 2000 acres of fully matured plants. He also took a lease on 35,000 acres cf land in Mexico. Then with his friend Henry Ford he quietly acquired huge tracts of land in the Everglades section of Florida and planted many varieties of rubber trees.

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Mechanical F POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY O’Leary’s barn, starting the great Chicago fire, would have had no such opportunity under the modern milking conditions made possible on the smallest, most isolated farm by Warren A. Shippert, of Dixon, Ill., the inventor of a portable milking machine that not only milks the cows, but electrically lights the barn at the same time. It also does a dozen and one other chores about the farm. When operated by hand, Shippert’s machine can milk one, two, three, or four cows. By means of a partial vacuum it sucks the milk like a calf. It can be taken anywhere on two wheels like a hand truck. To this hand machine add two wheels, power, and power transmis- sion, and it becomes a power machine operated either by a three-fourths horsepower gaso- line engine or by an electric A Machine of All Work Above: Using the portable power machine to grind tools. Note grinding wheel and attachments driven by belt from motor. Right: While milking the cows the machine also lights the barn, supplying current for 10 lamps January, 1926 arm Hand Milks Cows "Tor cow said to have kicked the lantern in Mrs. motor. It then milks from 14 to 24 cows in one hour. Either arrangement, hand. or motor, uses an ordinary shipping can sealed from air and dust. Running a pump exhausts the air in the can. A gage registers the vacuum, a relief valve controls it, and pulsators alternate vacuum and relief. Among other chores, the power machine can be used to run the cream separator, pump water from the well for the stock, churn butter, run the grain grinder, drive the grinding wheel for sharpening tools, run the fanning mill, corn sheller, or sausage grinder. The farmer’s wife aiso can use it as a vacuum cleaner to sweep out the house and to supply power for the electrical household appliances. Even after the day’s work is completed it is useful in lighting the living-rooms of the farm and in charging the radio battery overnight. The Milker The machine with milkers at- tached. Itcan milk from 14to 24 cows an hour —s oe Paper, Boards, and Boxes from Waste Lumber EW uses found for shorts and N scraps—the ordinary waste from lumber—promise to save thou- sands of dollars in the lumber industry. Recent experiments in Cloquet, Minn., a little town of forest-fire fame, have found value even in branches and tops of trees— everything down to three inches in thick- ness. Mills now burn- trees have a natural reproduction, and a simple forestry scheme, it is claimed, will insure a perpetual supply of raw material for paper mills. The leftovers from the paper mill in Cloquet are used to make balsam wool, a new fire-resistant insulating material. It can be applied to houses, iceboxes, fireless cookers, refrigerator cars, and many other purposes. When wood fiber is passed through the screen of a paper mill, a certain knotty substance, known as “rough screenings,” will not go through. This mass of fiber, when used in the manufacture of balsam wool, is put through a sulphite process, fireproofed and ground. ing lumber waste under their boilers, it is pre- dicted, soon will look for less valuable fuel. Three new ways have been found to _ utilize waste formerly consid- ered not worth hauling away from the forests. These are the manufac- ture of a new kind of paper, balsam wool, and artificial boards. The triumph in paper making was the dis- covery that poplar and jack pine, thought un- suitable for this purpose, could be used for making bond and other grades of paper. Both kinds of It is treated to give it adhesion, and finally is brought out in the form of a sheet of light in- sulating board. Box factories, having discovered a way to cut tongue and grooves on small boards, now are turning to use many boards of sizes too small for piling in lumber yards, that is, material three inches in width or under, and from 12 to 47 inches in length. The Waste “‘shorts” piled in yard near Cloquet, Minn., to be used in a new box-making process boards are glued to- gether to make boxes. A box factory in Cloquet now is using 11,000,000 feet of such shorts. in } amu disc post begu amu few sum hom and still brill Why way for 1 real corp oper lot 1 mak The) arou expl: get | the | a tra ted 1 Maxi recei\ Edisc

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) 4 —_ January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 39 Boys Build Scenic Railway ot Boards Three Rides for a Cent—Switches, Too HE Gang was sitting on the steps of Jack Streeter’s front porch in Newark, N. J. Summer amusement parks were under discussion. It was a sort of post mortem, for school had begun and trips to the amusement parks would be few and far between. Next summer was ages away. Most of the gang had gone home to supper. Abe Haman and Wilbur Drikson were still at Jack’s house when a brilliant idea struck them. Why not build a scenic rail- way? They could even charge for rides. Make money. A real business proposition. The three formed a closed corporation, so to speak, and operations began.They found a wonderful site—a vacant lot with a slope that would make the cars go lickety-split. There were lumber piles around and with judicious explaining maybe you could get planks for nothing. The boys put supports in the ground and on these laid atrack of boards. They fit- ted the system with switches Above: Collecting. fares for rides on the homemade scenic railway—three rides for a cent. Left: Heavy traffic on the line. The monorail track was made of old lum- ber. Notice the switches and cross-over so the passengers could go over dif- ferent routes. The cars were made like sleds with wood blocks for run- ners that fitted on each side of a guide rail in the center of the track. Each car held two passengers. A braking system also was figured out by these ingenious boys. One cent for three rides was the charge the inventors decided upon. From the first their railway proved profitable. And popular? Jack, Abe, and Wilbur are the most popular boys in the neighborhood—for the management, you know, sometimes hands out passes. Model American Home Is Shipped to France - OUSES of painted wood? How strange!” or ““No servants? How do you manage?” These are typical remarks of Frenchwomen when American women tell them something of their homes in the United States. Soon they will have a chance to see just what a°modern American house looks like. A10-room house, considered representa- tive of the typical American home, was erected recently in Brooklyn, N. Y. Then it was dismantled completely and placed on a ship with its furnishings and equip- ment to be taken to France for exhibition in February at the American Section of the International Exhibition of Household Appliances and Labor-Saving Devices. The two-story shingle house maintains the Colonial atmosphere throughout. The furnishings and decorations are all authen- tic copies from period pieces. Comfort and livableness in the interior are em- phasized. The house is equipped with running hot and cold water, electric lights, gas service, and has every device that modern inventive ingenuity has provided to chase drudgery from the home, When they all see the rebuilt home, Frenchwomen will be astonished by the amount of household work that can be done by pressing a button. For vacuum clean- ers, washing machines, drying machines, electric irons, cookers, and refrigerators are unknown to most Frenchwomen. After the International Exhibition is closed the American Home is to be given to the French citizen who has made the greatest contribution to humanity in recent years. = a » ia a. " Edison Company, the keys to the Maxime Mongendre, French Consul General in New York (left), Teceiving from Arthur Williams, Vice-President of the New York Model American home The model 10-room house as it appeared in Brooklyn, N.Y., before shipment to the Paris International Exhibition. with all the most modern electrical appliances, conveniences, and comforts It is of the Colonial style and is fitted

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ‘oni eee 2 Auto Carries Wire Cutter to Foil Bandits c WIRE is stretched across a lonely country road. The car must stop. Highwaymen leap from the brush on either side, and another hold-up is perpetrated. So frequent has become the use of wires in robberies in Germany that a novel sawlike wire cutter has been de- vised. Attached to the front of an automobile, it is said to be successful in cutting the strong- A German motor car with the sawlike wire-cutting attachment est strand. New Gas Manufactured gehen hades gas that is said to give twice the heat and light value of any gas now used, was announced recently by Col. E. E. Garrison, president of a New York gas company. It is made by vaporizing the heaviest oils obtainable, including sludge and tar, in a column of superheated steam. It can be produced, it is claimed, at much lower cost than any gas manufactured today. Know Your Car ‘Ta spark plugs in your auto- mobile have but one function —they provide a small gap be- tween two metal surfaces or wires so that the high voltage current generated in the spark coil may jump the gap and, in so doing, heat the gasoline and air mixture so that it will ignite. One of the wires forming the gap must be insulated completely, otherwise the current would take an easier path than that across the gap. To keep your spark plugs on the job, follow these rules: 1. Be careful not to strike the plugs with a wrench when you are working on the engine. A slight jar may start a crack in the porcelain that will, later on, short circuit the plug. 2. Never screw a cold plug tightly into a hot engine. Wait till the plug has become warm before you give it the final twist with the wrench. Otherwise the plug may set so tightly that you will have trouble getting it out. 3. Always clean your plugs when the porcelain core begins to show black from carbon deposits. 4. Never use a sharp knife to sceusecoseus :| scrape off the carbon. You may |: scratch through the glazed surface of the porcelain and the rough places will collect carbon very rapidly. 5. See that the gap is set about the thickness of a worn dime. Geassssssetaserscusss... Electric Shears Sharpener [DRIVEN by a small electric motor, this. new sharpening machine for barber shops will, it is claimed, sharpen a pair of shears in one minute. An adjustable gage holds the edge of the shears against a convex carborundum wheel at the part of the wheel that will assure the correct bevel. January, 1926 Curious Pipe Devised for a Clean, Sweet Smoke ROM the land of pipes comes another ingenious idea to keep your smoke clean and cool. A British inventor has made a new pipe with a trap for nicotine. The pipe stem is elongated, running past the bottom of the bowl. Fitting to this is a small metal tube perforated at the bottom and covered with a wooden tube. A tubular chamber screws into the bottom of the wooden tube and into this chamber flows all the nicotine and saliva. Because it is kept so far away from the pipe bowl, the nicotine, it is claimed, cannot be drawn into the mouth, for it would have to traverse the length of the small metal tube and be drawn through the small perforations. A Keyboard for Kettle Drums Plays Eight of Them [NX SPITE of his amazing dexterity, the kettle-drum player in an orchestra needs even more agility to play all that is demanded of him in modern music scores. Professor Schneller, a noted kettle-drum player of the Vienna Phil- harmonic Orchestra, is coming to his rescue with a kettle-drum piano that will operate eight drums of varying pitch. Even the most modern orchestras have at most four kettle drums. With a piano keyboard arrangement, the work of the drummer, it is claimed, would be lessened greatly. But would not the admiration of the audience also disappear? Taking a Sawmill into the Forest [ pSPROPORTIONATE to its size is the power of this unique plane saw used in the forests of France to topple towering giants. One of its most interesting features is its portability, which makes it possible literally to carry the sawmill directly into the forest. The cutting is done with a chain of saw teeth. When felling trees, this chain passes around the trunk in a horizontal plane. For cutting the trunks into short lengths later, the chain is used in a vertical plane. A small motor runs the saw. The chain is made up of separate links, so that if damaged, a section of the chain could be removed quickly and replaced. VACCINATING for rheumatism is an- nounced from Vienna, Austria, where . Dr. Gustav Paul, director of the National Vac- cination Institute, claims positive cures in 600 cases. Felling a tree by motor power with the portable plane saw Pe a ea = -Ee)

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ae oe eS EE eS ODO eA HY OD January, 1926 Newest Powder Puff Can Be Cleaned Easily you use a spoon to fill this new powder puff. Once filled, the slot through which the powder has been poured is closed so that the puff will not leak. When the puff is patted, the powder comes out of small perforations in the wool. The chief advantage claimed for this beauty aid, besides being a powder container, is that it has a back of rubber and the wool powdering surface may be washed very easily. Pests Invade Pine Forests | THE last few years tens of thousands of American trees—enough to build thousands of homes—have been destroyed through the invasion of the great Pacific forests by the pine beetle, an insect that in less than one year can ruin the mightiest pine tree. Evidence recently submitted to the U. S. Senate Committee on Public Lands showed that in a single section of 1,000,- 000 acres in Klamath County, Ore., lum- ber destroyed by the pests would have been enough to build not less than 8000 American residences of an average cost of $12,500 each. White Traffic Lines Made with Porcelain Studs NEW idea for making permanent white lines for use at street crossings and for the direction of motor traffic is to be tried out soon in London. White porcelain studs are inserted in holes drilled in wood paving. The studs are inserted in a line three abreast, making a strip of white wide enough to be seen easily. The chief ad- vantage of the porcelain is that it is unaffected by weather, cil, or mud, and thus makes a line that cannot be erased by the constant beat of traffic. How the porcelain studs are inserted POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 41 Huge “Vacuum Cleaner” Now Unloads Cargoes ROM the South mac — Sea Islands every year hun- dreds of tons of copra—dried meat of cocoanuts—are unloaded at the San Francisco docks. A_ giant “vacuum cleaner,”’ recently installed, now does the work of unloading, tak- ing the place of a crew of 25 la- borers. It unloads from 30 to 40 tons an hour. With it three men can do LMA ee the entire job. Using a vacuum machine to unload a cargo of copra Six Pocket Tools Combined in This Cigar Cutter NE more curve, one more use. In- ventors get real fun out of figuring how, with a few extra edges and odd pro- jections they can give a bit of metal a large number of uses. The device illustrated above is a six- in-one pocket tool. In the photograph it is being used as a cigar cutter, but it is equally effective, it is claimed, as a bottle opener, screwdriver caliper, wire cutter, or key ring. Metallic Substitute for Diamond = several years of research, met- allurgical experts of a steel plant at Wetzlar, in southern Germany, claim to have produced a metal alloy nearly as hard as the diamond. The difference in the scale of hardness is merely one-tenth of a degree. The alloy consists of a fused mixture of metallic tungsten and tungsten carbides. Tests have shown that this tungsten alloy, while somewhat softer than dia- mond, offers many practical advantages. It is said to have metallic structure and to retain its cutting power much longer than the diamond that has crystalline structure and is extremely brittle, hence soon loses its cutting power by the chipping of its crystal edges. Criminals Change Their Faces by Plastic Surgery HROUGH the clever capture in Vermont of a burglar who had his facial appearance altered by surgery, at- tention was called recently to the increas- ing use of plastic surgery by criminals seeking to escape identification. On the prisoner was found a receipt for $450 paid to a New York surgeon for changing the contours of his ears, chin, and nose. He had dyed his hair, too. How Much Do YOU Know about Science? ‘THE following 12 questions were selected from hundreds ef queries that come from Popvu- LAR SCIENCE MONTHLY readers every month. Read them over and see how many of them you can answer. Although the ques- tions have to do with things that we encounter every day, they in- volve a surprising number of new and interesting facts about the world we live in. Here’s a chance to test your knowledge. After you have an- swered the questions to the best of your ability, turn to page 150 and see how nearly you were right. 1. When do children grow fastest? 2. Why do onions make our eyes water? 3. How were precious stones formed in the earth? 4. Why does a gun make a bang when it goes off? 5. What is the carrier wave? 6. Why does frost killa plant? 7. What is dynamite made of? 8. Why do cats ruffle their hair? 9. Is there any place where things weigh nothing? 10. Why does the earth re- volve? 11. What was the first animal to live on dry land? _ 12. Why is it difficult to walk in a straight line when your eyes are closed?

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42 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ; January, 1926 Oddities on Wheels Some Remarkable Developments in Light Cars and Heavy Buses ‘“‘Cart before the Horse’’ The “‘cart before the horse’’ idea has been applied in the design of a novel stream- lined passenger car developed in Germany. Seats for the passengers are placed in front, while the engine is carried at the rear, as shown in the side view below. The boatlike body has a_ sharply pointed prow, pictured at left, to cut the wind Tricycle for Two For the young couple not too particular about com- fort, there recently has been developed this light three-wheeled cycle car. The streamlined body is constructed of aluminum Fire Apparatus Carried on Sidecar A sidecar fire engine carrying complete fire fighting equip- ment was a novel exhibit at a recent motorcycle show in London. This compact apparatus was designed for use in rural districts and for fighting forest fires. The equipment includes chemical extinguishers and a pump Two in Sidecar Tandem This four-passenger motorcycle carries two in the sidecar. Each of the sidecar seats is fitted with a windshield and separate door for entry. The car is streamlined, as illustrated Eight-Wheel Passenger Bus A recent remarkable development in overland passenger buses is the huge cight-wheel gas electric coach pictured at right It is driven by @ 110-horsepower engine with electric tramemisson. An ingetiigus steering mechan arm mekes it possible for the huge vehicle, 38 feet lone, to turn around almost in its length

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 43 Queer Boats and Their Skippers A Sea-Going Bicycle—Novel Mean-Driven Propellers—A No oars needed in this boat. That’s why James Marvelle, of Wareham, Mass., built it. Marvelle stands in the bow and pushes a lever that drives the paddle wheel, leaving one hand free for fishing A Water Bike Antonio Moreno, movie. star, was making a picture on the : Riviera, when he became in- terested in a new sport called “water cycling.”? The phdto- graph shows him riding the novel machine, a_ bicycle frame mounted on two pon- toons. The pedals drive a paddle wheel at the stern Stormy Trip in 20-Foot Boats Frank J. Coyle and Fred S. Dale, engi- neers, left New York for Florida a short time ago in 20-foot duck boats —the smallest craft ever to undertake such a voyage. Each boat | was equipped with } oars and a sail. In their venture, Coyle end Dale undertook a feat that many be- lieved to be impos- sible in the winter ~ Ca i Akos f: ‘. Hydro-Clider Built for Belgian Congo Built especially for the shallow waters of equatorial Africa, this compact hydro-glider can carry freight and six pas- tengers at a speed of 20 miles an hour. Driven by a 200- in Birmingham, England, T. Allen. an engineer, de borsepower motor, it furnishes striking contrast to the signed this bicycle cance. The operator bes at the back Various types of primitive native craft it passes every day and pedals. Allen is shown taking hus wife on a trial trip Canoe Propelled by Feet

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1976 Mecieniial Farm Hand Milks Cows HE cow said to have kicked the lantern in Mrs. O’Leary’s barn, starting the great Chicago fire, would have had no such opportunity under the modern milking conditions made possible on the smallest, most isolated farm by Warren A. Shippert, of Dixon, Ill., the inventor of a portable milking machine that not only milks the cows, but electrically lights the barn at the same time. other chores about the farm. When operated by hand, Shippert’s machine can milk one, two, three, or four cows. It also does a dozen and one By means of a partial vacuum it sucks the milk like a calf. It can be taken anywhere on two wheels like a hand truck. To this hand machine add two wheels, power, and power transmis- sion, and it becomes a power machine operated either by a three-fourths horsepower gaso- A Machine of ‘All Work Above: Using the portable power machine to grind tools. Note grinding wheel and attachments driven by belt from motor. Right: While milking the cows the machine also lights the barn, supplying current for 10 lamps % line engine or by an electric — motor. It then milks from 14 to 24 cows in one hour. Either arrangement, hand or motor, uses an ordinary shipping can sealed from air and dust. Running a pump exhausts the air in the can. A gage registers the vacuum, a relief valve controls it, and pulsators alternate vacuum and relief. Among other chores, the power machine can be used to run the cream separator, pump water from the well for the stock, churn butter, run the grain grinder, drive the grinding wheel for sharpening tools, run the fanning mill, corn sheller, or sausage grinder. The farmer’s wife aiso can use it as a vacuum cleaner to sweep out the house and to supply power for the electrical household appliances. Even after the day’s work: is completed it is useful in lighting the living-rooms of the farm and in charging the radio battery overnight. The Milker The machine with milkers at- tached. Itcan milk from 14 to 24 cows an hour Paper, Boards EW uses found for shorts and N scraps—the ordinary waste from lumber—promise to save thou- sands of dollars in the lumber industry. Recent experiments in Cloquet, Minn., a little town of forest-fire fame, have found value even in branches and tops of trees— everything down to three inches in thick- ness. Mills now burn- trees have a natural reproduction, and a simple forestry scheme, it is claimed, will insure a perpetual supply of raw material for paper mills. The leftovers from the paper mill in Cloquet are used to make balsam wool, a new fire-resistant insulating material. It can be applied to houses, iceboxes, fireless and Boxes from Waste Lumber cookers, refrigerator cars, and many other purposes. When wood fiber is passed through the screen of a paper mill, a certain knotty substance, known as “rough screenings,” will not go through. This mass of fiber, when used in the manufacture of balsam wool, is put through a sulphite process, fireproofed and ground: ing lumber waste under their boilers, it is pre- dicted, soon will look for less valuable fuel. Three new ways have been found to utilize waste formerly consid- ered not worth hauling away from the forests. These are the manufac- ture of a new kind of paper, balsam wool, and artificial boards. The triumph in paper making was the dis- covery. that poplar and jack pine, thought un- suitable for this purpose, could be used for making bond and other grades of paper. Both kinds of It is treated to give it adhesion, and finally is brought out in the form of a sheet of light in- sulating board. Box factories, having discovered a way to cut tongue and grooves on small boards, now are turning to use many boards of sizes too small for piling -in lumber yards, that is, material three inches in width or under, and from 12 to 47 inches in length. The Waste “shorts”. piled i in , yard near Cloquet, Minn., to be used in a new box-making process boards are glued to- gether to make boxes. A box factory in Cloquet now is using 11,000,000 feet of such shorts. January Be Th E 0 s in New amuser discuss’ post m begun amuser few an summe Most home ti and W still at brillian Why n way? 1 for ride real bu The corpora operati a won lot wit make tl There around explain get pla The the gro a track ted the NY is typical Americ their h they w a mod A10.- tive of erected it was on a sl ‘a

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Boys Build Scenic Railway of Boards Three Rides for a Cent—Switches, Too HE Gang was sitting on the steps of Jack Streeter’s front porch in Newark, N. J. Summer amusement parks were under discussion. It was'a sort of post mortem, for school had begun and trips to the amusement parks would be few and far between. Next summer was ages away. Most of the gang had gone home to supper. Abe Haman and Wilbur Drikson were still at Jack’s house when a brilliant idea struck them. Why not build a scenic rail- way? They could even charge for rides. Make money. A real business proposition. The three formed a closed corporation, so to speak, and operations began.They found a wonderful site—a vacant lot with a slope that would make the cars go lickety-split. There were lumber piles around and with judicious explaining maybe you could get planks for nothing. The boys put supports in the ground and on these laid a track of boards. They fit- ted the system with switches Above: Collecting fares for rides on the homemade scenic railway—three rides for a cent. Left: Heavy traffic on the line. The monorail track was made of old lum- ber. Notice the switches and cross-over so the passengers could go over dif- ferent routes. The cars were made like sleds with wood blocks for run- ners that fitted on each side of a guide rail in the center of the track. Each car held two passengers. A braking system also was figured out by these ingenious boys. One cent for three rides was the charge the inventors decided upon. From the first their railway proved profitable. And popular? Jack, Abe, and Wilbur are the most popular boys in the neighborhood—for the management, you know, sometimes hands out passes. Model American Home Is Shipped to France . OUSES of painted wood? How strange!” or “‘No servants? How do you manage?” These are typical remarks of Frenchwomen when American women tell them something of their homes in the United States. Soon they will have a chance to see just what a modern American house looks like. A10-room house, considered representa-, tive of the typical American home, was erected recently in Brooklyn, N. Y. Then it was dismantled completely and placed on a ship with its furnishings and equip- Maxime Mongendre, receiving from Arthur Williams, Vice-President Edison Company, the keys to the Model French Consul General in: New York (left), of the New York American home ment to be taken to France for exhibition in February at the American Section of the International Exhibition of Household Appliances and Labor-Saving Devices. The two-story shingle house maintains the Colonial atmosphere throughout. The furnishings and decorations are all authen- tic copies from period pieces. Comfort and livableness in the interior are em- phasized. The house is equipped with running hot and cold water, electric lights, gas service, and has every device that modern inventive ingenuity. has “model 10-room house as it appeared in Brooklyn, N.Y., before shipment Detentions provided to chase drudgery from the home, When they all see the rebuilt home, Frenchwomen will be astonished by the amount of household work that can be done by pressing a button. For vacuum clean- ers, washing machines, drying machines, electric irons, cookers, and refrigerators are unknown to most Frenchwomen. After the International Exhibition is closed the American Home is to be given to the French citizen who has made the greatest contribution to humanity in recent years. It is of the Colonial style and is fitted cal appliances, conveniences, and comforts

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Auto Carries Wire Cutter to Foil Bandits WIRE is stretched across a lonely country road. The car must stop. Highwaymen leap from the brush on either side, and another hold-up is perpetrated. So frequent has become the use of wires in robberies in Germany that a novel sawlike wire cutter has been de- vised. Attached to the front of an automobile, it is said to be successful in cutting the strong- A German motor car with the sawlike wire-cutting attachment est strand. New Gas Manufactured MANUFACTURED gas that is said to give twice the heat and light value of any gas now used, was announced recently by Col. E. E. Garrison, president of a New York gas company. It is made by vaporizing the heaviest oils obtainable, including sludge and tar, in a column of superheated steam. It can be produced, it is claimed, at much lower cost than any gas manufactured today. Know Your Car ‘Tae spark plugs in your auto- mobile have but one function —they provide a small: gap be- tween two metal surfaces or wires so that the high voltage current generated in the spark coil may jump the gap and, in so doing, heat the gasoline and air mixture so that it will ignite. One of the wires forming the gap must be insulated completely, otherwise the current would take an easier path than that across the gap. To keep your spark plugs on the job, follow these rules: 1. Be careful not to strike the plugs with a wrench when you are working on the engine. A slight jar may start a crack in the porcelain that will, later on, short circuit the plug. 2. Never screw a cold plug tightly into a hot engine. Wait till the plug has become warm before you give it the final twist with the wrench. Otherwise the plug may set so tightly that you will have trouble getting it out. 3. Always clean your plugs when the porcelain core begins to show black from carbon deposits. 4. Never use a sharp knife to scrape off the carbon. You may scratch through the glazed surface of the porcelain and the rough places will collect carbon very rapidly. 5. See that the gap is set about the thickness of a worn dime. of the chain could be Electric Shears Sharpener [ RIVEN by a small electric motor, this new sharpening machine for barber shops will, it is claimed, sharpen a pair -of shears in one minute. An adjustable gage holds the edge of the shears against a convex carborundum wheel at the part of the wheel that will assure the correct bevel. January, 1926 Curious. Pipe Devised for a Clean, Sweet Smoke ROM the land of pipes comes another ingenious idea to keep your smoke clean and cool. A British inventor has made a new pipe with a trap for nicotine. The pipe stem is elongated, running past the bottom of the bowl. Fitting to this is a small metal tube perforated at the bottom and covered with a wooden tube. A tubular chamber screws into the bottom of the wooden tube and into this chamber flows all the nicotine and saliva. Because it is kept so far away from the pipe bowl, the nicotine, it is claimed, cannot be drawn into the mouth, for it would have to traverse the length of the small metal tube and be drawn through the small perforations. A Keyboard for Kettle Drums Plays Eight of Them [N SPITE of his amazing dexterity, the kettle-drum player in an orchestra needs even more agility to play all that is demanded of him in modern music scores. Professor Schneller, a ~ noted kettle-drum player of the Vienna Phil- harmonic Orchestra, is coming to his rescue with a kettle-dfum piano that will operate eight drums of varying pitch. Even the most modern orchestras have at most four kettle drums. With a piano keyboard arrangement, the work of the drummer, it is claimed, would be lessened greatly. But woufd not the admiration of the audience also disappear? Taking a Sawmill into the Forest [ pBPROPORSIONATE to its size is the power of this unique plane saw used in the forests of France to topple towering giants. One of its most interesting features is its portability, which makes it possible literally to carry the sawmill directly into the forest. The cutting is done with a chain of saw teeth. When felling trees, this chain passes around the trunk in a horizontal plane. For cutting the trunks into short lengths later, the chain is used in a vertical plane. A small motor runs the saw. The chain is made up of separate links, so that if damaged, a section removed quickly and replaced. VACCINATING for rheumatism is an- nounced from Vienna, Austria, where Dr. Gustav Paul, director of the National Vac- cination Institute, claims positive cures in 600 cases. Felling a tree by: motor-pewer with the portable plane saw whi clos con wor thi: cor ant wa | the thr for les pin she 00( ber bee $1:

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es aeons - aes, .e se. e . Bers ct a oO 1e ra ic 2d il- is ill ve rk ld he ir? ‘ Januaty, 1926 Newest Powder Puff Can Be Cleaned Easily Vu use a spoon to fill this new powder puff. Once filled, the slot through which the powder has been poured is closed so that the puff will not leak. When the puff is patted, the powder comes out of small perforations in the wool. The chief advantage claimed for this beauty aid, besides being a powder container, is that it has a back of rubber and the wool powdering surface may be washed very easily. Pests Invade Pine Forests [N THE last few years tens of thousands - of American trees—enough to build thousands of homes—have been destroyed through the invasion of the great Pacific forests by the pine beetle, an insect that in less than one year can ruin the mightiest pine tree. Evidence recently submitted to the U. S. Senate Committee on Public Lands showed that-in a single section of 1,000,- 000 acres in Klamath County, Ore., lum- ber destroyed by the pests would have been enough to build not less than 8000 American residences of an average cost of $12,500 each. ; White Traffic Lines Made with Porcelain Studs NEW idea for making permanent white lines for use at street crossings and for the direction of motor traffic is to be tried out soon in London. White porcelain studs are inserted in holes drilled in wood paving. The studs are inserted in a line three abreast, making a strip of white wide enough to be seen easily. The chief ad- vantage of the porcelain is that it is unaffected by weather, oil, or mud, and thus makes a line that cannot be erased by the constant beat of traffic. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 41 Huge “Vacuum Cleaner” Now Unloads Cargoes ROM the South Sea Islands every year hun- dreds of tons of copra—dried meat of cocoanuts—are unloaded at the San Francisco docks. A_ giant “vacuum cleaner,” recently installed, . now does the work of unloading, tak- ing the place of a crew of 25 la- borers. It unloads from 30 to 40 tons an hour. With it three men can do the entire job. Using a vacuum machine to unload a cargo of copra Criminals Change Their Faces ° by Plastic Surgery HROUGH the clever capture in Vermont of a burglar who had his facial appearance altered by surgery, at- tention was called recently to the increas- ing use of plastic surgery by criminals seeking to escape identification. On the prisoner was found a receipt for $450 paid to a New York surgeon for changing the _ contours of his ears, chin, and nose. He had dyed his hair, too. _S fon ae meanest eet “pms mi ne nine my = me fan cera How the porcelain studs are inserted Six Pocket Tools Combined in This Cigar Cutter NE more curve, one more use. In- ventors get real fun out of figuring how, with a few extra edges and odd pro- jections they can give a bit of metal a large number of uses. The device illustrated above is a six- in-one pocket tool. In the photograph it is being used as a cigar cutter, but it is equally effective, it is claimed, as a bottle opener, screwdriver caliper, wire cutter, or key ring. Metallic Substitute for Diamond FTER several years of research, met- allurgical experts of a steel plant at Wetzlar, in southern Germany, claim to have produced a metal alloy nearly as hard ‘as the diamond. The difference in the scale of hardness is merely one-tenth of a degree. The alloy consists of a fused mixture of metallic tungsten and tungsten carbides. Tests have shown that this tungsten alloy, while somewhat softer than dia- - mond, offers many practical advantages. It is said to have metallic structure and to retain its cutting power much longer than the diamond that has crystalline structure and is extremely brittle, hence soon loses its cutting power by the chipping of its crystal edges. How Much Do YOU Know about. Science? ‘THE following 12 questions were selected from hundreds of queries that come from Popu- LAR SCIENCE MONTHLY readers every month. Read them over and see how many of them you can answer. Although the ques- tions have to do with things that we encounter every day, they in- volve a surprising number of new and interesting facts about the world we live in. Here’s a chance to test your knowledge. After you have an- swered the questions to the best of your ability, turn to page 150 and see how nearly you were right. 1. When do children grow fastest? 2. Why do onions make our eyes water? 3. How were precious stones formed in the earth? 4. Why does a gun make a bang when it goes off? 5. What is the carrier wave? 6. Why does frost killa plant? 7. What is dynamite made of? 8. Why do cats ruffle their hair? 9. Is there any place where things weigh nothing? 10. Why does the earth re- volve? 11. What was the first animal to live on dry land? 12. Why is it difficult to walk in a straight line when your eyes are closed?

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oe A 42 J ‘Cart before the Horse’”’ POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 | Oddities on Wheels Some Remarkable Developments in Light Cars and Heavy Buses The “cart before the horse” idea has been applied in the design ‘of a novel stream- lined passenger car developed in Germany. Seats for the passengers are placed in ‘front, while the engine is Two in Sidecar Tandem This four-passenger motorcycle carries two in the sidecar. Each of the sidecar seats is fitted with a windshield and separate door for entry. The car is streamlined, as illustrated Eight-Wheel Passenger Bus A recent remarkable development in overland passenger buses is the huge eight-wheel gas- - electric coach pictured at right. It is driven by a 110-horsepower engine with electric transmission. An ingenious steering mechan- ism makes it possible for the huge vehicle, 38 feet long, to turn around almost in its length carried at the rear, as shown in the side view below. The boatlike body has a_ sharply pointed prow, pictured at left, to cut the wind Tricycle for Two For the young couple not too particular about com- fort, there recently has been developed this light three-wheeled cycle car. The streamlined body .is constructed. of aluminum Fire Apparatus Carried on Sidecar A sidecar fire engine carrying complete fire fighting equip- ment was a novel exhibit at a recent motorcycle show in London: This compact apparatus was designed for use in rural districts and for fighting forest fires. The equipment includes chemical extinguishers and a pump

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 43 Queer Boats and Their Skippers A Sea-Going Bicycle—Novel Man-Driven Propellers—A , Powerful Hydro-Glider : January, 1926 A Water Bike Antonio Moreno; movie star, was making a picture on the Riviera, when he became in- terested in a new sport called “water cycling.’”? The photo- graph shows. him riding the novel machine, a — bicycle frame mounted on two pon- toons. The pedals drive a -paddle wheel at the stern. No oars needed in this boat. That’s why James Marvelle, of Wareham, Mass., built it. Marvelle stands in the bow and pushes a lever that drives the paddle wheel, leaving one hand free for fishing Stormy Trip in 20-Foot Boats Frank J. Coyle and Fred S. Dale, engi- neers, left New York for Florida a short time ago in 20-foot duck boats —the smallest craft ever to undertake such a voyage. Each boat was equipped with oars and a sail. In their venture, Coyle and Dale undertook a feat that. many be- lieved to. be impos- sible in the winter Canoe Propelled by Feet In. Birmingham, England, T. Allen, an engineer, de- « Signed this bicycle canoe. The operator lies at the back ami pedals. Allen is shown taking his wife on a trial trip

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

“(CHIEF engineer” would seem a more appropriate title than “chef”? for the man who operates the intricate looking piece of machinery illustrated: But it is only a coffee percolator of the latest model for restaurant use and, in spite of its many levers and attachments, it is said to be very simple in operation. It makes from three to 21 cups. of coffee at a time, each order made sepa- rately. Warmed-over coffee has no place in the up-to-date restaurant. House of Logs and Concrete CLEVER builderin St. Paul, Minn., takes advantage of the shrinking property of green wood to build warm, air-insulated houses. Wood logs cut in pieces as long as the wall is to be thick, are laid in the concrete while green. The wall is stuccoed on the outside, while the inside is furred and lathed. The wood dries out, leaving air spaces that, besides insulating the house. against heat and cold, act as a sound deadener. Where wood is plentiful, this method costs little.

Motion-Picture Outfit Weighs only Five Pounds ANY American travelers abroad last summer brought back with them surprising little motion-picture outfits made in France for emateur photog- raphers. Now these machines are on the market in the United States. The camera and projector are small enough to be carried in a small handbag,

Left: Taking a picture with tiny camera. Right: Projector is very easy to operate

the combined weight of both machines being only about five pounds. Close-ups of objects in motion can be made at five feet, and pictures may be taken at any distance without any focus adjustment. Pictures can be projected on as small an area as the human hand, it is claimed, with perfect visibility. An especially in- genious feature of the projector is an automatic stop that halts the movement of the film while subtitles are being shown. This effects a saving in film footage.

Januar Refle How

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January, 1926 Reflectors Teach . How to Draw . ORRECT proportion, perspective, and all the other hoodoos of the would-be artist are conquered, it is claimed, by an ingenious little assistant with double mirrors. The artist looks through the reflector and follows with pencil, pen, or brush what he sees on the paper. By adjusting the position of the re- flector the size of the finished drawing may be determined—exact size of the original, enlarged, or reduced. The in- strument may be used, also, to teach penmanship. By following what he sees reflected on the paper, a child learns the proper formation of letters. Now You Can Call up Your Friends at Sea “HELLO, when did you leave New York? Saturday? That’s the day we sailed from Hamburg. From our positions on the ship chart today, I noticed that your boat and ours are just 100 miles apart.”’ ; A scrap of conversation on board the new German liner Berlin, the first ship to be equipped with radio-telephone booths for the use of passengers. They are connected with the ship’s radio room, where the sending and receiving apparatus is located, and are operated through a switchboard. With this radio telephone you can talk to friends on other ships within a radius of a few hundred miles. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Styles in Industrial Gas Masks ECOMING? Far from it. But the young women were willing to hide their faces for a few minutes in order to demonstrate the latest models in respiratory masks. The one on the left and that in the center are dust masks for use by persons working with emery wheels and in factories where fine powder flies in the air. They are alike, except that one has a goggle attach- ment. The one on the right is a gas mask used in places where work is done with acids. Drill for Making Overhead Holes in Concrete Buildings As THE use of concrete in building grows the problem of how to drill overhead holes economically has arisen. Thousands of such holes must be drilled to hang shafting, strap electric conduit, run sprinkler lines, and i ‘ ‘ { ' i HI ii ij Hf Ceiling drill is sup- ported by tubing Atop an 85-Foot Fire Ladder T°? ILLUSTRATE spectacularly what could be done with a new 85-foot fire-fighting aerial ladder, it was raised to stand erect, with the fly ladder fully extended. On the extension, towering high above the truck, a nervy man climbed to the top, :while the apparatus remained firm, absorbing the strain within itself. The ladder is raised automatically and is operated on a turntable, which revolves in any direction. Ascrew-operated friction brake locks the turntable at any point. fasten partitions. A new device recently put on the market, illustrated at the left emables an electric or pneumatic drill operated by a single workman to be used for this awkward work. The drill is clamped firmly to the upper end of a shaft made of two tele- scopic pieces of steel tubing. Handles controlling the drill are placed at a con- venient working height on the tubing. Power control is provided by running a draw wire from the trigger switch to the handle position and a coilspring provides the pressure needed to make the drill bite in. Newest Micrometer Gives Its User a Direct Reading N° MORE squinting at the fine graduation lines of a micrometer for the machinist making careful measure- ments. This micrometer is claimed to give readings of thousandths of an inch, in clear figures. Furthermore, it is of a Micrometer gives its own clear reading size that can be held and operated easily in one hand. The makers say that the dials cannot get out of order.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 ow Science /s Putting New ventions that first accurate information concerning weather disturb- ances in the part of the world where severe storms are believed to gather. The observations, sent by radio to civilization, are expected to aid greatly in making ac- curate daily weather fore- casts in the United States and Canada. While the expedition will be under the auspices of the University of Michigan, several American govern- mental bureaus interested in scientific problems of the arctic regions have prom- ised to take part. A Marvelous Tube TUBE so sensitive that it rings a bell when a ring of cigarette smoke Wins Basic Patent on Vacuum Tube Dr. Irving Langmuir, Assistant Director of the General Electric Research Laboratory. For his invention of the hard type of vacuum tube used extensively for radio and X-ray, his company has just been awarded a basic patent after a legal battle lasting a dozen years. It is estimated that more than 10,000,000 tubes embodying his invention are at present in operation throughout the United States The lure of a new discovery lies in its possibilities for useful applications. So it is that the developments of scientific progress, told in concise form on these paéges, bear vitally on the happiness, com- fort, and successof every man. Toread about them will help you to keep well informed of the world’s achievements. A New Slant on the Weather . HE birthplace of storms’’—that vast frozen sheet covering Green- land’s icy mountains—is the ul- timate goal of an expedition of adven- turers that is being organized this winter under the leadership of Prof. W. H. Hobbs of the University of Michigan, an authority on glaciers and geology. The party expects to start for Green- land next July, equipped with airplanes for preliminary exploration, with radio apparatus to maintain communication with the outside world, and with scien- tific apparatus to record pranks of the weather and to observe the movements of the great Greenland glaciers. One of the chief objects of the ex- pedition will be the establishment of a weather observing station on the vast plateau of ice some 150 miles inland and 7000 feet above sea level. Never before has this been accomplished. At this station Professor Hobbs hopes to main- tain a staff of observers for a’ year to give meteorologists of the world the floats by, that shrieks a warning when the shadow of a burglar crosses its sur- face, that measures the light of stars millions of miles away—such a mar- velous instrument was ex- hibited recently by V. K. Zworkin, a physicist in the Westinghouse Electrical Research Labor- atories. It is a combination of a thermionic tube, one that responds to heat, and a photo-electric cell, which turns light into electricity. The tube looks about the same as an ordinary vacuum tube, but reacts to variations’ of light falling on it, these variations being converted into surges of electricity that can be converted Checking Up on the Broadcasting Stations With about 500 broadcasting stations crowding the ether, it has become that each station shall keep exactly on the wave length assigned to it by Uncle Bureau of Standards, has perfected this ingenious instrument—a sort of A Hunt for the Birthplace of Storms —Marvelous Vacuum Tubes—In- Meet Our Needs into sound. The sounds are amplified a thousand times. ‘ The day when we shall have radio movies is brought much closer, it is claimed, by this unique invention, which is pictured on the opposite page. Other possible uses are in the automatic control of railroad trains and ships. Noted Inventor Rewarded LOSING a 12 years’ legal battle, the United States Patent Office recently awarded the General Electric Company the basic patent rights of the so-called hard type of vacuum tube, used for radio and X-ray purposes. The tube-was invented in 1912 by Dr. Irving Langmuir, assist- ant director of the General Electric Re- search Laboratory, but because of con- tests the patent was not granted until this year. It is estimated that more than 10,000,- 000 tubes embodying the invention are in operation in the United States. The tube is characterized by its hard, constant vacuum and its general relia- bility, permitting its manufacture in large sizes operating with more than 50,000 volts, as well as in small sizes such as are employed in the ordinary home radio receiving sets. Prior to this invention, all radio and X-ray tubes were of the type known as “soft.’”? They glowed and acted erratically except on: low Voltages. Tasteless Cod Liver Oil HAvE you any disagreeable recollec- tions of cod liver oil? If so, you will agree in calling Drs. Harry E. Dubin and Casimir Funk, biochemists of New York, real benefactors. They claim to have re- moved its bad taste. i important Sam. To check and measure the frequencies of distant stations, Morris S.Strock (above), of the Radio Laboratory, detective » Januar; Ic It we scientis good fc known vents r wards | results efforts the oil Not. in the tains, 1 sand t origina N HE dov into th Falls i terrane bored — the fa shaft surface At 1 penins which view 0 An OR the Ma itt trying for us they Si could | ern stra: the weig the

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, January, 1926 Ideas to Use It was only comparatively recently that scientists discovered why cod liver oil was good for babies. It is the richest source known of two vitamines, one that pre- vents rickets in children and another that wards off a serious eye disease that often results in blindness. After this discovery, efforts were begun to make an extract of the oil that would be easy to take. Not only is the nauseous taste removed in the new extract, it is said, but it con- tains, in a given quantity, several thou- sand times as many vitamines as the original oil. New Tunnel for Niagara T= old Beddell stairway leading down past the “Rock of Ages’’ and into the Cave of the Winds at Niagara Falls is to be abandoned. A new sub- terranean passage 200 feet long has been bored through the great cliff over which the falls roars, connecting with a shaft sunk straight down from the surface of Goat Island. At the mouth of the shaft is a peninsula named ‘‘Clearwater View,” which affords a marvelous close-up view of the falls. An Improved Headlight Fok a long time the laboratories of the Westinghouse Electric and Ma. ifacturing Company have been ce. trying to find a good metal reflector for use in automobile headlights. What they sought was a reflecting material that could be cleaned with gritty waste without Ee _He Weighs Human Brains Doctor Arthur MacDonald, well known gov- ernment psychiatrist, is shown here demon- strating on a fellow scientist how he estimates the weights of a brain of a living person by certain measurements. Given the brain weight, Dr. MacDonald claims he can analyze the mental capacity of any type of individual POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Amazing Tube Responds to Light V. K. Zwcrkin of the Westinghouse Electrical Research Laboratories, with his amazing new thermionic photo-electric tube designed to convert the power of light into electrical impulses. Physicists declare that the tube marks an important step forward in radio transmission of pictures, for it will send out electrical impulses whenever light falls on it scratching, and be exposed to the weather without tarnishing or corroding. Robert J. Piersol, research chemist, an- nounced recently that it had been found. The new reflector has a surface of pol- ished chromium, which is extremely hard. A popular reflector for automobile head- lights has been silver or nickel plating on a smooth surface, but silver must be coated thickly with lacquer to .protect it from the weather, while the reflecting qualities of nickel are not high. Chro- mium, it is claimed, has neither of these disadvantages. Simple Test for Pearls : PARIS not long ago a group of the world’s greatest pearl merchants watched a French scientist pour gently a handful of pearls into a tube containing what appeared to be water. Some sank to the bottom, but others floated. “Gentlemen,” the scientist said, “you will find that the pearls light enough to float in this fluid are natural pearls. Those that sank are cultivated Japanese pearls.”’ ' Thus he announced a discovery of great interest to jewel merchants and owners. Hitherto, Japanese pearls, those made by Hunting Pygmies by Plane Here are four members of an American expedition that recently left Chicago by airplane for a visit to the land of strange pygmies in the wilds of New Guinea. The expedition is headed by M. W. Stirling, former assistant curator of the Division of Ethnology of the National Museum, Washington, D. C., and is sponsored by the Smith- sonian Foundation. .Left to right: R. K. Peck, photographer; S. A. Hedberg, historian; H. H. Hoyte, chief pilot, and A. E. Hamer, chief mechanic oysters when a pebble or other for- eign body is put in their shells, could be distinguished from natural pearls only by a complicated X-ray examination. The test with the mysteri- ous fluid can be performed by an amateur. Matches Made Waterproof OTHING but soaked matches. We'll have to dry them out before we can have a fire.” This calamity, avoided by the ex- perienced camper or woodsman, who packs his matches carefully in water- proof cases, is often suffered by the amateur. Now Morland M. Dessau has come to their rescue with waterproof matches. They can be dropped into water without spoiling them, he claims. The heads are made of rubber latex mixed with the explosive material, the whole then being vulcanized. Can We Use Vegetable Fuel? PowEs from potatoes is Henry Ford’s solution for the world’s worry about fuel in the future. We can grow our fuel, he said in a recent interview, and convert it into electric energy to heat our cities. Sawdust, apples, weeds—every bit of vegetable matter that can be fermented contains. potential fuel. An acre of potatoes in one year will produce enough alcohol to drive the machinery necessary to cultivate the field for a hundred years, Ford declares. Among other things, Ford predicts that eventually coal would be burned underground at the mine and sent to consumers in the form of heat and power without ever bringing it to the surface. }

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at A) Making Animals to Order A firm in New York City makes mechanical men and animals— anything from a tiny mouse, with every joint articulated, to the largest jungle beasts. The picture above shows how an ele- phant’s trunk is built to move like a real one “Painting the Lily”’ By a remarkable new electro-chemical © process, Fred Maas, of New York, plates flowers, foliage, and even animal tissue with precious metals in such a way that the ap- ce of the original is retained for a long time POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY A New Type Submarine A young Polish engineer, Alfons S. Kiebitzki, designed the submarine pictured above. Instead of the usual framework, its inner shell is composed of 56 cylin- drical sections held together by iron rods Model of California’s Capitol With a penknife, wood file, ham- mer, and his hands, John Maguelda,’ while a patient in a sanitarium at Weimar, Calif., fashioned this beautiful little model of Cali- fornia’s state Capitol January, 1926 Unusual Products of Handicraft Shipbuilding in Paper Two thousand pieces ‘| . of paper weré used by painstaking young Biitngs, Diaetirep, 2 residerit ofthe Panama _Canat Zone, in making this’ amazingly accu- rate model of a ship Table Has 6000 Pieces Six thousand bits of wood are in this inlaid table of well seasoned pine, upon which S. M. Perry, of Midian, Kan., has spent spare moments that amount to 1% years

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January, 1926 Climb and Read You need a tall step- ladder and a roving pair of eyes to read the world’s largest book, ex- hibited recently in New York City. Here is Bertha Green, of Green- ville, S. C., scanning its pages, which are 10 feet tall and seven feet wide Lost in a Chair She’s a girl of normal size in the world’s largest office chair. It took two men to lift her there, for the gigantic chair is nearly 11 feet high and more than six feet wide Would Fill a House Part of the wall of a Chinese rug factory had to be torn down before this immense rug could be removed. It was woven for the Cincinnati Busi- ness Men’s Club, where it covers 920 Square feet of floor space. Comparison withthemen-will give an.idea of its size POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ‘Have You Seen King of Banjos It takes three men to play this giant banjo, built by Roy Kearn and A. Caro Miller of San Jose, Calif. It is 10 feet tall. The head was made from a 32- inch bass drum, and the strings are heavy piano wires Longest Chip One of the longest chips ever cut (be- low) recently came from a tur- bine bucket wheel in the shops of the General Electric Company, Sche- nectady, N.Y. The steel chip is 157 feet long and an inch in diameter Big as a Chimney Here is the largest pipe of an organ so powerful that its music can be heard for five miles. It was com- pleted recently for a park in Los Angeles, Calif. This pipe, made of lumber three inches thick, is 32 feet long and. three feet square at the large.end. A 50-horsepower electric “motor supplies power for playing

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Realistic Camp-Fire Girl Made of Butter CAMP-FIRE girl modeled in butter won first prize for artistic and ornamental display of creamery products at a recent fair in Spokane, Wash. Miss Helen Kane of Spokane, who posed for it, wore the gown, moccasins, and honor beads of a Torch Bearer, the high- est rank in the organiza- tion. Howard Fisher, of Port- land, Ore., made the statue, which was declared excellent both in its detail and in its general artistic effect. Bright Colors Mean Little to the Peacock We MAY be misjudging the peacock and rooster when we call them vain birds. For Dr. H. Erhard, of Munich, who has been experimenting with the eyesight of birds, says that the shimmer- ing colors in plumage probably mean nothing to the feathered creatures. At least, they do not appreciate colors as we do, if indeed they even distinguish one color from another. Birds that fly by day, Doctor Erhard says, see everything in a bright red- orange light, being very slightly sensitive to the short waves that make up blue and violet. Night birds, on the other- hand, never see red, but. do see blues and violet. Tiny globules of oil in the retina of the eyes act as color screens and de- termine the birds’ color sefise, according to Doctor Erhard. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Strange Things and Places Warbling Crickets Are the Canaries of the Orient LL the way. across. the. Pacific re- cently, a tiny cricket sang with a voice as sweet and strong, it is said, as many a feathered bird. It was in a tiny bamboo cage, and came from Yokohama to a family in Seattle, who wanted it for a pet. Both the Chinese and Japanese are fond of crickets for pets. They catch £ them in midsummer, put them in little cages and hang them in their rooms. The cricket that arrived in Seattle, it is said, sang not by rubbing its wings together, as our black crickets do in this country, but seemed to possess a different and mysterious kind of musical apparatus. In the Orient there are big insect markets, where the natives buy their strange pets. The illustration at the right shows a Japanese woman in a Tokyo market choosing a cricket. THE world’s highest aerial tramway, from 15,000 to 17,000 feet above sea level, more than five miles in length, is used at a Bolivian tin mine. A cricket store in far Japan Elaborate Little Lighthouse Is a Radio Set [N HIS odd hours, Alex Goldstein of New York City has built his radio receiver into a miniature light- howe which for painstaking detail is a remarkable piece Novel radio set built in the form of a lighthouse of workmanship. The detector unit of a three-tube set is mounted in a glass inclosure at the top of the tower, while a | two-stage amplifier is in- side. A window forms the bell of the loudspeaker. A tiny mast and flag- staff support a miniature antenna running to the top of the tower. Around the lighthouse yard is a white wooden fence, while in the yard is a realistic dog. Where Roots Are Dug to Make Your Pipes HESE irregular chunks, resembling lumps of coal, some day will be smoking pipes. They are chunks of briar | roots being weighed on the island of Corsica. White heath, or briar- root, grows extensively in the southern part of France and in Corsica. ‘The roots are dug up, cleaned of earth and the decayed parts removed, after which the roots are weighed. They then are cut into blocks with circular saws. Cooking these blocks at a low temperature for 12 hours turns them a rich golden-brown color. The briar-root then is ready for shaping into pipes. Briar-root for pipes being weighed for shipment about a a perimen ment age through tured th others swathed, mine ace

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Moevwww ws. January, 1926 Seen Jy 4 Cameraman POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY sae ieee Odd Cyc O* ALL the strange vehicles seen on the streets of European cities, the one illustrated above is among the oddest. It is a motor car made entirely from spare airplane parts. Roger Ruenot, a Parisian, saw possibilities in the parts for a run- about and put them together as an ex- periment, le Car Made from Airplane Parts The car is fitted with a nine-horsepower motor and seats two persons. The body hangs low, barely clearing the ground. The inventor is shown just as he is about to start on a long tour with his unique car. Old Signboard Demonstrates how Paint Resists Weather HE unfriendly wording of this old painted wooden sign becomes more vivid each year, because during the years the background, unprotected by paint, has weathered away. Microscopic ex- amination showed that rot organisms had not been responsible for this etching. Rain and heat alone are responsible for it. “Weathering” is checking, cracking, splitting, tearing, swelling, and shrinking of the wood, caused by the alternation of wind and sunshine, and also includes any mechanical wear from wind, rain, frost, or hail. It is not claimed that paint will entirely prevent rotting. Paint is, however, the best known protection against weathering, Signboard engraved by the weather Troupe of Traveling Dolls Teaches First Aid Wt is probably the only collection of dolls ever made by a. govern- ment agency is traveling in a special car through the United States, demonstrat- ing to mining communities the’ correct ways for bandaging injuries. Some of the dolls have sprained ankles or frac- tured thighs, some broken arms, while others have their heads generously swathed, suggesting that class of common mine accidents caused by the fall of loose rock, slate, or coal upon miners’ heads. The Federal Bureau of Mines considers this demonstration by means of dolls its most effective way of teaching how to apply bandages before the arrival of a physician. The dolls are both masculine ‘and feminine. A number of them are soldier dolls. The engineers and miners who live in the mine-rescue cars, with the dolls for company, naturally have applied nicknames to them. Among those seen in the picture are Jiggs, Blondie, Sally Ann, Cap’n Jinks, and Buddie. — eee " How mining communities are taught to give first aid to the injured 51 13,000 -1b- elephant standing on four small glarebottles Huge Elephant’s Only Support Is Four Half-Pint Bottles READ lightly, Babe, and, whatever you do, don’t try the Charleston. For Babe, you will see if you look closely, is standing on four empty half-pint bottles. And Babe is no light weight. In fact, he is said to be the largest elephant in the country, tipping the scales at 13,000 pounds. Balancing on glass isn’t one of Babe’s ordinary stunts. He did it at the Public Zoo at Toledo, Ohio, recently for the entertainment of visiting glass manu- facturers, who beamed when they saw this demonstration of the quality of American manufactured glass. For even under this tremendous weight, not a single bottle was broken. Radio Set Made into a Book 6 ets of the interesting exhibits at a recent radio show: in London, Eng- land, is the small volume shown above, which carries between its covers a com- plete radio set. Its maker, E. R. Fono, bound the book in tortoiseshell and entitled it ‘“The Listener.” POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY will be glad*to answer, wherever possible, all inquiries addressed to its Information Department.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY : January, 1926 On the Wing with the Airmen 4 \ »- Newest Marvels | AO SES oof Aviation January, 1 Designs New Motor for Commercial Planes After seven years of experiment Capt. E. V. Rickenbacker (left), American ace during the war, has just completed this new type of rotary motor for commer- cial planes. He is seen demonstrating it to Maj: J. H. Rudolph, U. S. Army technical ex- pert, at Mitchel Field, N. Y. Cap- tain Rickenbacker is a leading figure in © the development of commercial aviation sa BO oi al ‘‘Foolproof’’ Passenger Plane Driven by Three Engines What is claimed to be the nearest approach to a foolproof airplane is this three- engine, 10-passenger Fokker monoplane, which, with engines stalled, refuses to side slip of spin. The upper view shows the arrangement of the three propellers fe ‘ iheiansisiiitiiaisiiaimassinil The latest development in flying boats is this huge_all- England, after a.nén-stop flight from Copenhagen. Even the. metal monoplane built by Danish designers for the British Air wings-are of metal. Notice the two motors mounted high 4° Ministry. The photograph shows the big boat at Felixstowe, ~' above the fiselage, to escape flooding when boat rides the water

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"January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY e Lieutenant Tate standing on the wing of the plane just before making his remarkable jump Miniature Planes Compete in Races Model airplanes had their day of racing during the Inter- national Air Meet at Mitchel Field. Youngsters from aviation clubs in all parts of the country were given a chance to demonstrate their remarkable miniature ma- chines and to match their skill in flying them. The photo- graph below shows some of the entries in the competition wD A Thrilling Parachute Jump Here is a most remarkable photograph of a parachute jump. The camera caught Lieut. J. R. Tate an instant after he left the wing of a navy plane 2000 feet above beautiful Pearl Harbor in Honolulu Safeguard for Pilots A remarkable device to prevent stalling of a plane in flight has been perfected by Major Jack Savage, inventor of sky writing (right), who is seen demonstrat- ing the device to C. B. Collyer, skywriting pilot. A miniature wing or vane is attached to a strut near the end of the wing. Ordinarily the vane remains level, but if the nose of the plane points upward at a dangerous angle, the wind flow pushes the vane up, opening a valve. This is connected through relays with a pneumatic device that pushes the control lever forward, warning the pilot of his danger

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Bernays Johnson frying an egg over a cake of ice POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY .« January, 1926 Some Inventors and He Fries Eggs on a Cake of Ice , pee you believe it possible to fry an egg in a frying-pan held over a cake of ice? To demon- strate that it can be done, Bernays Johnson, well known New York radio engineer and inventor, re- cently devised the appa- ratus pictured at the left. The probable explanation is this: Beneath the table top is concealed a coil of wire through which high frequency current is passed. When the frying-pan is placed in the magnetic field of this coil, an _ electric current is induced in the iron of the pan, heating it sufficiently to cook an egg. At the same time the cur- rent has little or no effect on the cake of ice resting on the table. Talking Motion Pictures Sent by Radio GOme day soon you may sit at home and receive a whole moving-picture show over your radio. Not only that, but the actors actually will talk. At the right is C. Francis Jenkins, of Washington, D. C., experimenter in radio vision and radio movies, demonstrating the apparatus with which he recently transmitted a motion picture and verbal description of it at the same time. Foot Toboggans Provide a Novel Winter Sport PROBABLY every boy has tried sliding on barrel staves or other improvised snowshoes. It was while helping his own boys to build sliders that a Missouri manufacturer hit upon the idea of the foot toboggans pictured below. Resembling sandals, they are strapped to the shoes like skates. The soles are of thin corru- Strapped to the feet like skates, the shoe toboggans can be used either for coasting or for skating ‘the inventor says, C. Francis Jenkins with talking movie machine gated metal, to provide traction on smooth ice, and so make it possible to control movement. They can be used either for skating or coasting. Michael V. Ven- trella shows how easily his pedal device turns a page of music Young Musician Perfects Automatic Page Turner FTER seven years of patient ex- periment, Michael V. Ventrella, a young New York musician, has invented an ingenious pedal device that makes it possible for the musician to turn pages of music without taking his hand from the instrument he is playing. All that is necessary is to step on the pedal that actuates an arrangement of levers that turns the pages of the music auto- matically. The device can be applied # a piano ~ as well as to a music stand, the'inventor claims, and can be adjusted to turn the pages of a book at any height. When idle it holds the pages flat and firmly on the rack, and so keeps them from blowing in the wind and causing the player to lose his place. It is said to be noiseless in operation. Guides Amazing Boat by a Beam of Light ‘THE well known English inventor, H. Grindell-Matthews, creator of the famous ‘“‘death-ray” machine, recently announced another startling product of scientific research—a boat that, he claims, may be guided from a coastal defense in time of war, such a boat might prove exceedingly effective. The photograph shows the rear portion of a model of the light-controlled boat. © distance of more than five miles by a beam of light. The beam striking an in- strument on the conning tower of the boat, will op- erate the engine, steer the boat in any _ direction, and also will fire a small gun mounted} at the stern. For January, 1! The Cripplec Inve ANDI rhew every tim Warwick, give up h invented ; in which t motion ak driven fro With |: claims he ever befor cups that developed hurler, for with driv correspon Mesinker, ¢ With the more dist gets in the Canv: N ORC: unique catch all « The devic

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veer eneaen le POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 58 Their Ingenious Products. sie a. re Embossing Machine an Aid to Blind Printers The inventor showing ONE of: the most remarkable publica- ve the = ball is tions in the world is the Ziegler Boer susie tation Magazine for the Blind, published in New York City; for it is pro- duced almost entirely by 4 blind persons. To facilitate the printing of braille type, in which combinations of tangible raised dots represent the letters of the alphabet, Joseph Brusca has in- vented the machine shown at the right. It is used in an im- proved method of em- bossing press plates. Joseph Brusca embossing braille letters with his new machine Hurler, mid- hurler, and the sinker The Latest Idea in Perpetual Motion Machines ANOTHER perpetual motion machine? Till the end of time men will keep at it. You can’t discourage them. The undiscouraged inventors in the photograph are W. J. Winkelman (left) and J. K. Deem, of Los Angeles, who claim to have invented the only workable perpetual motion machine offered to the mechanical world. Through a combina- tion of levers, it utilizes the law of gravity, they explain. The inventors believe that gravity motors will make the desert and remote sections of the country habitable by providing self-generating plants for lighting, heating, and household needs. Crippled with Rheumatism, He Invents New Golf Game LJANDICAPRED in his golf game by rheumatic pains that troubled him every time he swung at the ball, N. E. Warwick, of Cleveland, Ohio, refused to give up his favorite sport. Instead, he invented a remarkable new form of golf, in which the ball is hurled with a whipping motion above the head instead of being driven from the ground. With light, whiplike sticks he now claims he can make a better score than ever before. The heads of the sticks are cups that hold the ball. Warwick has developed three kinds of clubs—the hurler, for the long shots ordinarily made with driver or brassie; the mid-hurler, corresponding to the midiron; and the sinker, corresponding to the putter. . “ With the hurler Warwick claims to get man engineer-inventor, Bernhard Becker. more distance than the ordinary golfer : s| When stripped of its insulation, it is a gets in the average drive off a tee. The inventors with their ‘‘gravity motor” cubical box only about 18 inches on a : side; but its inventor claims it can pro- é ’ * D es duce more than 600 pounds of steam an Canvas “Lap” Gathers Fruit without Bruising | jour ind get up a pressure of 300 pounds N ORCHARDS near Portland, Ore., a of Portland, is mounted on wheels like a to the square inch in five minutes. unique fruit gatherer is being used to wheelbarrow. at catch all of the fruit without bruising it. When the tree is shaken, the fruit falls The device, perfected by Arthur Hedden ona sloping sheet of canvas and rolls into Zi an opening in the center, below which there is. acanvas . container. § Revolutionary Steam-Boiler STEAM-BOILER of revolutionary design has been produced by a Ger- ty Ma ee When the tree is shaken, the fruit falls on a circular sheet of canvas and rolls into the container below Traffic Cop a Semaphore O SAVE trouble and confusion in regulating traffic, A. Seua, a Malay policeman, carries his own semaphore in the form of light, basket-woven ‘“‘wings” strapped to his back. Whenever he is ready to change the direction of traffic «- at a street corner, all he needs to do is to © . turn his body to give the signal, which no driver can mistake easily.

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Electric Light Cooks Food With the heat of ordinary electric- light bulbs it now is possible to cook and bake. This new cooking device is said to reduce the fuel bill considerably. Food is put in the container and the current turned on Wheels Cut Can Open: A pair of shearing wheels does the cutting. This can opener uses the principle employed for shearing metal in fac- tories. The shaft on which the wheels turn is pivoted on a punch in- serted at the can’s center Handy Milk-Bottle Holder Sally won’t come home crying over new milk-bottle carrier to take with her tothe store. It fits. over the bottle and provides a convenient handle. It can be used, too, to hang up the milk bottle Sixteen Answers to 4a Improved Utensils and Conveniences to Meet the For More Space in the Kitchen At the right is an over- the-sink cabinet that is very handy for all the many small things used in a kitchen. An un- der -the-sink table is also used in conjunc- tion with the cabinet. It contains drawers and a compartment = for all the kettles ae POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 19% Tiny Manicure Set Handy for a woman’s bag is a manicure set with four tools, carried in a case three inches long. Each tool screws into the end of the case. The case is made of a non-inflam- mable celluloid sub- stitute, prettily engraved spilt milk. Her mother gives her a . It Closes Gas-Stove Leaks To prevent accidents from escaping gas, a thermostatic control for gas appliances has been devised. If for any reason the gas pressure gets low or the gas goes out completely, a rod extending over the gas burner con- tracts, closing the valve automatically For Left-Handed Peelers Considerate of the left-handed housekeeper, a manufacturer has made an adjustable potato peeler that can be fixed to accommodate her. At the right is the device ad- justed for left-handed peeling More Heat from the Fireplace The device at the left prevents heat waste by doubling a fire’s radiat- ing surface. Fresh air enters through the hearth and hollow and- irons to a distributor . behind the fireplace. It flows through flex- ible copper heating tubes to a_ register above the fireplace, then out into the room. The equipment is said to work in any fire- place that burns with- out smoking. The air may be run through a pipe from the outdoors Janusz This whic no k on t turn Witl veni at a dist back by °

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26 l r4 ‘ir January, 1926 Housewife’s Problems Demands of the Wide-Awake Woman POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 57 we Folding Crib Saves Space Do you remember the old-fashioned crib that rolled under the bed? Here is a modern version of it. The mattress and bed- ding remain on the bed when it is folded. It is a space saver, yet provides plenty of room for a child How the crib appears when in use. It is se- Wax Paper Folds Neatly . With wax paper put up in the con- venient form shown below, one sheet at a time can be removed without disturbing the rest. The balance goes back in the roll, which is secured by the folded cover and a string Opens Cans with Key This unique can opener has nothing on which the housewife can cut her fingers — no knife; no sharp edges at all. It clamps on the side of the can and the key is turned to remove the top of the can curely locked in position Two-in-One Knife o~ When folded, A combination bread knife and spa- / ie the ery _— tula serves two needs. It has a razor \ Ar ie ia road edge, for cutting bread or meat, while \ its flexibility makes it a good spatula _) Garments Held Securely Rubber tips for garment hangers keep the garments from slipping off and falling to the floor. The tips may be moved at will Newest Electric Refrigerator This electric refrigerator is claimed to be practi- cally silent in operation and to require no atten- tion for lubrication. All the refrigeration mechan- ism is contained in one unit, set in the brine tank through the top of the cabinet. The unit is suit- able to several sizes of boxes. Corkboard insula- tion is used and easy access for cleaning is made possible in the food com- partments. Ice trays for . freezing cubes also are in- cluded. The only main- tenance required is to shut down the machine overnight once or twice a month to allow the ac- | : cumulated frost on the brine tank to melt away To Grease the Griddle Pan A new piece of cloth for each griddle greas- ing may be fastened in this-wire holder. A small pan for the grease is provided » Cherry Pitter Leaves Fruit Whole This aluminum cherry pitter drives the stone out in a moment, leaving the fruit whole. It fits the hand and there is no crushing of the fruit

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY- Coins Sorted and Counted Automatically OR business houses where thou- sands of coins of all denominations must be counted in a day, this ingenious auto- matic coin-sorter and auditing machine has been perfected. At one end is a hopper into which coins, bills, and checks are emptied. After removing the paper money, the operator ton to start the ma- chine. In a moment all the coins are sorted automatically, Counting machine, showing hopper filled with unsorted coins be counted accurately, and wrapped. New Air Meter Records Tire Pressure Automatically N° LONGER is it necessary for the motorist, getting “free air’ at the gas station, to disconnect the air hose from the tire valve frequently to test the pres- sure in the tire. ~ An automatic air meter is the latest device for the gas station. The motorist sets the dial, shown in the photograph, at the exact pressure he desires in the tires. When the dial is set, a light, to which the operator is pointing, comes on. All that is necessary now is to attach the hose to the tire. When the tire is filled to the pressure indicated, the light goes off. Latest Automobile Will Be Driven by Oil Pressure A*™ AUTOMOBILE of revolutionary design, driven by oil pressure, is to be manufactured in Lansing, Mich., accord- ing to recent reports. Gears, driving shafts, and brakes are to be replaced by oil-pressure pipes. A Collar Clasp that Lies Flat on the Neck t goesaese every man has dreamed of perfecting some kind of a button for. the back of the collar that will lie flat without pressing against the nape of the neck uncomfortably. The latest idea is this button that is made in the form of a clamp. When the head of the button is inserted through the holes of the collar band and collar, a spring hinge snaps it tightly against the base. The device may be used also as a tie clasp. : A light signals the air pressure simply presses a but- - January, 1926. This Fountain Pen Holds a Supply of Stamps Hew many times, after writing a letter, have you found yourself without a stamp to send it through the mail? Here is a simple but ingenious device that makes it possible to have a supply of stamps always on hand when you need them—right in your fountain pen. A strip of stamps is wound on a small drum that fits inside the pen. Loudspeaker to Give Warning of Earthquakes REMARKABLE instrument that translates the slightest tremors of the earth into sounds that issue from a loudspeaker is the recent invention of a Japanese professor, Dr. Jun Shida of Kyoto University. It is designed to give warning of the approach of earthquakes. The possible usefulness of the invention lies in the assumption that most severe earthquakes are preceded by slight shocks. Thus, an audible warning of slight tremors would give people time to leave homes and office buildings before the arrival of a destructive quake. The invention consists of a pendulum, an electric coil, and an amplifier. The pendulum is so delicately poised that it responds to the slightest vibration. When it is set in motion, electricity is generated in the coil, which actuates a sound- producing device. The sound is ampli- fied and issues through a loudspeaker. Further improvements will make it pos- sible to transmit directly by wireless the sound generated by the first tremor. Rod Holder Devised for the Lazy Fisherman ERHAPS, if you are the kind of fisherman who gets tired of holding a pole hour after hour, you have had the surprising experience of returning to the creek and finding that your rod, which you left stuck carefully claimed that it is impossible to pull the rod out by a forward pull. The pic- ture below illustrates how the ~ holder does the fishing while the angler looks on. into a mud bank, has been pulled out into the middle of the stream. For you there has been invented a new rod holder. An 18-inch metal spike is driven into the ground and to this is attached a clamp that grips the handle of the fishing-rod. The rod can be adjusted easily and quickly to various posi- tions, and it is The rod is held tightly while the fisherman lights his pipe TI Pt a venien self-fee certair near t the de knob ¢ the les The coat p New 0 he printe extren pictur equall barrel loads. The featur axle a two e! mittin with two ir be loa Loa paper to be from 1 by th ( H tin motor by tk mile | new f

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January, 1926 This Pencil Writes in Five Different Colors A POCKET pencil that will write in any one of five colors is a new con- venience for the office man. It is of the self-feeding type. When a lead of a certain color is to be used, an indicator near the point is turned until it registers the desired color. A twist on a knurled knob at the end of the holder then ejects the lead at the point. The pencil has a clip to fasten it to the coat pocket. New Type of Dolly Truck Makes Heavy Work Light T°? FACILITATE the handling of — heavy rolls of paper, an Indiana printer has invented the compact but extremely sturdy new type of dolly truck pictured at the right. It has been found equally useful for moving heavy crates, barrels, drums, casks, and other bulky loads. The truck has six wheels. An unusual feature is that the wheels on the center axle are slightly larger than those on the two ends, thus acting as a pivot and per- mitting tilting. The truck is built low, with projecting skids sloped to within two inches of the floor so that articles can be loaded easily. Loads with curved surfaces, such as paper rolls and barrels, that usually have to be blocked to keep them from rolling from the ordinary truck, are held securely by the slanting sides of the truck frame. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Measuring Wear on the Seats of ‘Trousers How many times can a man sit down without wear- ing out the seat of his trousers? A definite answer to this really im- portant question now can be obtained in round numbers from a novel textile-testing machine devised by the U. S. Bureau of Standards to meastire the durability of cloth used in making army uniforms. When applied re- cently to a new qual- ity of cloth for army trousers, it was found that the wearer could sit down 97,000 times before the cloth showed the least sign of wearing through. W. J. Stephenson, textile tester of the U. S: Bureau of Standards, measuring wear on trousers seats by the textile-testing machine The new dolly, loaded and empty Charcoal Gas New Substitute for Gasoline Tt charcoal gas can be used effec- tively as a substitute for gasoline in motor vehicles was demonstrated recently by the French government in a 1500- mile endurance test for cars using this new form of fuel. It was found that a motor-truck burning charcoal and using the gases of combustion in its cylinders, costs less than one-fourth as much to operate as a similar truck burning gas. For the use of charcoal gas, no changes in the design and construction of the motor are necessary itis said. The car, however, must carry a wood- or coal-burning fur- nace, which is fed with charcoal blocks. As the charcoal burns, the gas rises to the top of the furnace, whence it is car- ried off to the motor. There the gas is ignited, 5 much the same as in the gasoline car, and its expansion supplies the power ~ to drive the pis- tons of the auto- Filling furnace with charcoal blocks as a substitute for gasoline _ mobile’s engine. Improved Barbed Wire Is Easier to Handle HIPPING and putting up ordinary barbed wire takes a great deal of time. The wire tangles easily, and on account of the barbs it cannot be wound tightly on spools. When it comes to stretching it, torn hands and clothing so often result that stringing barbed-wire fences is counted one of the mean jobs on a farm. A new product called ‘‘barbed band,” eliminates most of these difficulties, for it is collapsible. In other words, its barbs are folded like knife blades for shipment, and show up only when the wire is stretched. The wire consists of strong hoop iron punched on both sides, leaving a small barbed band that can be stretched easily. A ring of about 22 yards of the punched band, weighing about 20 pounds, showing no barbs, and taking little room contains more than 127 yards of the barbed wire. ‘The sides of the band are very sharp, giving additional protection. The band may be used not only for fences, but makes a good substitute for wire grating. THE glarimeter, the only instrument in- vented for measuring gloss of paper, has just been adopted by the U.S. Govern- ment as the legal standard for newsprint,

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ft POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January. 1926 A Loudspeaker You Can Build All You Need Is Wrapping Paper, a Chopping Bowl, and a Phonograph Unit to Make It BY ALFRED P. LANE ARGE numbers of our readers un- doubtedly will be interested in the de- scription of a home- built loudspeaker that is inexpensive, easy to construct, and gives surprisingly good re- sults. The function of a loudspeaker is to trans- form the electrical im- pulses generated in the radio receiver into sound waves in such a way that every slight variation in the elec- trical current will be re- produced in the form of sound. It should pro- duce plenty of volume with minimum distor- tion. In other words, the music or speech the armature is fast- ened directly. to the center of a paper cone. The homemade loud- speaker illustreted is a combination of the iron diaphragm and the pa- per cone types. PERCH, as repro- duced by this home- made loudspeaker, is particularly distinct. The sh and other sibi- lant sounds come hiss- ing from the paper in fine style, and you can understand every syl- lable spoken by the person who is broad- casting. The list of material you will need to build this loudspeaker is very brief. Here it is: should be clear and loud enough to be heard properly. Judging of loud- speaker quality is ex- ceedingly difficult. The human ear often conveys to the brain an impression that it has heard certain sounds that may not have been present at all. In addition, the memory of the human brain for what it has heard is ex- tremely short. For this reason, it is next to impossible to judge the relative quality of two loudspeakers if any ap- preciable time elapses between the hear- ing of one and the other. That’s what makes it so difficult to decide whether your neighbor’s loudspeaker sounds better or worse than your own unless you can hear them alternately on the same re- ceiver. Artes all, the true test of a loud- speaker is whether it pleases the man who has to listen to it, and on that basis you are just as good a judge as any one as to whether the loudspeaker you build is a good one or not. All loudspeakers consist, essentially, of two main parts. First there is the elec- trical mechanism for changing electrical oscillations into mechanical vibrations. Then there is always the part of the apparatus devoted to impressing these mechanical vibrations on the air so that they will be conveyed to your ear. In the electrical end of the loudspeaker, a fine coil of wire is connected with the plate circuit of the last tube in the radio receiver and placed in the instrument where variations in the current flowing through the coil will change the mag- netic pull of a permanent magnet. These changes, in turn, move the.-armature of the magnet back and forth. In the simplest- forms of loudspeaker, Clear Reception at Extremely Low Cost The completed homemade loudspeaker, constructed of a wrapping-paper cone, a chopping bowl, and a phonograph loudspeaker unit, at a cost of only a few dollars. You don’t have to be an expert mechanic to make a good job of it. Note how the paper cone is fastened to the rim of the bowl with thumbtacks the armature consists of a thin disk of iron, and the vibrations of the iron set up sound waves in the air inside the horn. In others, the armature is a small piece of iron attached by wire to a mica diaphragm. In the cone-type speakers the con- necting wire from DIAPHRAGM ao SEALING WAX THUMBTACKS How the Parts Are Assembled Constructional details of the loudspesker. The larger diagram shows how the bowl, paper cone, and phonograph unit are assembled and connected. The smaller diagram shows how the link wire is soldered to the diaphragm . and fastened to the cone by sealing wax A—phonograph loudspeaker unit; B— wooden chopping bow]; C—paper cone; D— link wire; E and F— supporting legs, thumb- tacks, sealing wax, etc. The phonograph loudspeaker unit A used in the model loudspeaker was of a standard, adjustable type using a lac- quered, metal diaphragm. Any of the standard units can be used at A and if you cannot secure the adjustable type, a non-adjustable unit will give good results. It is also possible to use one of a pair of head phones. The wooden chopping bowl B should be of the largest size obtainable from your local hardware and house-furnishing store. The one used in making the loudspeaker shown in the illustrations cost 69 cents. The paper cone C is made out of heavy brown wrapping paper. Thin paper can be used, but will not give as good results as the heavy stuff. Ts link wire D should be a piece of bare copper or brass wire not larger than No. 18 gage. Although copper wire is not very stiff, it seems to work well enough at this point, because it is so short that there is no tendency for it to bend out of shape. The first step in constructing the loud- speaker, after you have all the parts, is to study the loudspeaker unit and find out how to take it apart so that you can get at the diaphragm. In some units, removing the diaphragm is only a a matter of screwing off the cap, but in other styles the diaphragm is tightly clamped be- tween two rings, and the cup containing the pole pieces and coils is made so that it can be moved back and forth with rela- tion.to the diaphragm. At any rate, do your investigating January, | with the any of th spot on } no chanc steel or i loudspea! are to b they stic and jam | seriously of the w phragm this proc bending wise as ¢ FTE] the lacquer f inch in d best way with the smooth much p! may rest of the ¢ must be phragm the diay is of the ing will flow ont The n D to the material stick to, if you ui ing past off after wire sev It will doing tl to the | that th Also, th if you | wire at will hav Loud graphs jection of the Throug ping bo than tl that th the ba diagran differen as it pr speaker unit A trated aeeecesecan: _—_— -enneeseqes

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January, 1926 with the greatest care so as not to injure any of the parts. Do the work on a clean spot on your bench so that there will be no chance for dirt or small particles of steel or iron to get into the inside of the loudspeaker unit. Steel or iron particles are to be avoided particularly, because they stick to the ends of the pole pieces and jam between them and the diaphragm, seriously interfering with the operation of the unit. Do not try to pry the dia- phragm away from the pole pieces, as this proceeding will result almost surely in bending the diaphragm. Slide it off side- wise as carefully as you can. AFtes you have the diaphragm out of the unit, scrape off the shiny black lacquer from a spot about a quarter of an inch in diameter in the exact center. The best way to do this is to use a sharp knife, with the metal disk placed flat on a clean, smooth piece of board. Do not use too much pressure on the knife, since this may result in putting a dent in the center of the diaphragm. Of course, the spot must be scraped on the side of the dia- phragm away from the pole pieces. If the diaphragm of the loudspeaker unit is of the bright, tinned variety, no scrap- ing will be necessary, for the solder will flow onto the tinned surface. The next step is to solder the link wire D to the bare spot. Iron is not the easiest material in the world to make solder stick to, but you will have little difficulty if you use-a hot iron and plenty of solder- ing paste. The excess paste can be wiped off afterward, of course. Leave the link wire several inches longer than necessary. It will be easier to hold while you are doing the soldering and it can be cut off to the proper length later on. Be sure that the wire is as straight as possible. Also, the solder joint will be much stronger if you bend about an eighth inch of the wire at right angles so that the solder will have a greater surface to hold. Loudspeaker units for use on phono- graphs usually are made with a pro- jection on the front that fits into the end of the tone arm of the phonograph. Through the center of the wooden chop- ping bowl B, bore a hole somewhat larger than the diameter of this projection so that the unit can be clamped flat against the back of the bowl as shown in the diagram on page 60. It really makes no difference what size the hole is, so long as it permits the projection of the loud- speaker to fit through it easily. The unit A used in the loudspeaker illus- trated was fastened to the back of the POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY gis Soci Surprisingly Simple to Build, It Gives Good Results Two views of the paper cone-chopping bowl speaker. Notice the way in which the phonograph unit is attached to the back of the bowl; also how the supporting legs are attached. The legs are simply sticks of wood cut to the right length and beveled. The tone and volume of the speaker, of course, will depend largely on the qualities of the phonograph unit used with it chopping bow] by replacing two of the screws used to hold the diaphragm cover in place with long screws that projected through two holes drilled through the chopping bowl. Nuts turned down on these screws held the unit rigidly. If the unit you purchase is not con- structed in this way, or: you use one of a pair of head phones, a satisfactory method will be to shape up a clamp of thin brass that can be bolted to the chopping bowl. Clamp the unit A in place on the back of the bowl B and you will be ready to prepare the paper diaphragm C. This is a much simpler job than would appear at first glance. All you need to do is to cut out a circle of paper considerably larger than the diameter of the rim of the chopping bowl. Then, with the scissors, make a straight cut from the edge of the circle to the center. Be sure to use paper that has not been folded, since the creases make it difficult to form a smooth cone. Now lay the paper circle over the chopping bowl and push down on the center. It will form into a smooth cone shape as the center is depressed, and the edges of the paper will overlap where you cut to the center. The point of the cone should project down in the chopping bowl to within an inch of the bottom. The wire from the diaphragm can be allowed to project through the center of Have You Built Your Prize Set? Pees SCIENCE MONTHLY is offering $225 in cash 4 prizes for the best radio receiver built to specifications set forth in our December number. You still have a whole month—until Jan- uary 15, to be exact—to enter your set in this unusual contest. Competition is open to everybody, everywhere. have to be a radio expert to have a chance to win. _ Rules and complete details of this fascinating contest appeared in the December Poputar Science Monrsty. you missed this number, you can get a copy from your news- dealer, or you can consult one free in your public library or in any of the offices of PopuLar Science Monruey. You don’t If for any reason the paper. Cut off the wire within an inch of the paper. Mark off where the edge of the bowl is on the paper, then remove the paper so that you can cut with scissors around the circle you have marked. Next bend over about an eighth of an inch of the link wire at right angles, being careful to keep the rest of the wire straight. Replace the paper cone in the same position it had when you marked off the circle and, after making sure that the point of the cone is centered exactly over the middle of the diaphragm, use thumbtacks to fasten the edge of the paper to the rim of the chopping bowl. Ht the end of a stick of sealing wax with a match and let about two drops fall into the point of the cone so that the bent end of the wire is covered with the wax. Be sure that the wax is good and hot so that it will stick to the paper properly. After that you can put a drop or two along the joint in the paper as shown. This will prevent vibration. This completes the work on the loud- speaker, and all that remains is to fit the two support legs E and F. As shown in the illustrations, these are simply sticks of wood cut to right length and beveled. Satisfactory loudspeaker units can be purchased for about five or six dollars. The tone and volume obtainable will depend to a large extent, of course, on the qualities of the unit. The rest of the material should not cost over a dollar and results certainly will be worth while. GomME of our readers may wish to know why the paper is formed into a cone shape rather thanefastened in a flat sheet across the rim of the bowl. There are two reasons. One is that the cone shape makes possible a short link wire. This is an advantage, since a long, heavy wire would act as a damper and cut down the volume considerably. The other reason is that the restricted air space between the paper cone and the inside of the chopping bowl helps to keep the paper diaphragm from blasting on the high notes, a trouble that is not met with in the factory-made paper-cone speakers, because the electri- cal units used are built to overcome it,

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62 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Unusual Hook-Ups and Ideas in Radio ing the Tuned by Pushbuttons In this receiver, built by John J. Muller, electromagnets are connected with pushbuttons so that a push on any button instantly tunes the set to the station whose letters are on that button New Airplane Radio Set Above is a very compact radio receiver : 1 Revolving Top designed for use on British fighting air- : Tunes It ‘ planes. At the right is the vacuum- tube transmitter. The wave range of the outfit is from 75 to 140 meters. Its , communication range is approximately three miles, sufficient to enable all units in flying formation, as well as squadrons, to keep in perfect liaison. The complete outfit weighs 67 pounds Instead of turning dials, you tune this re- ceiver by revolving the top, on the edge of which is space to write the names of stations. It employs five tubes in a tuned radio- frequency circuit and will operate a speaker it is sti want. coming Eight-Tube Neutrodyne In addition to the usual five . tubes, George Tolley, the builder of this giant neutro- dyne, has incorporated three extra tubes in a special push- pull power amplifier hook-up casting Just to —e: announ Transmitter é | Ney | an = | | a oe duality Here is a transmitter that \ i e i. actually will transmit radio a \~ sy : B lot o waves on the astonishingly a. ly a He Spoke from the Arctic prac Fo mrs | ‘ (ae John L. Reinartz, radio operator, of the Mik Areiiomecy work : pa ‘ ities . ie Bowdoin, the MacMillan Arctic Expedi- cae care is necessary | " : ass Nie tion ship. During almost the entire a liminate all possible erarere . ? polar trip he kept in touch with amateur . yes city from .. cir- operators all over the United States, by sak and to keep the : a USI ee: short-wave apparatus connecting wires short : ee

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January,'1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY . Vhat: 10,000,000 People Like to Hear on the Radio How Broadcasters Select Programs to Fit Your Taste HEN you plug in the loudspeaker and begin turn- ing the dials on your radio set, what do you want to hear? Jazz? Speeches? Music? Sport? News? Perhaps you have no particular desires in the matter; you just sample what several stations are offering, and at last settle back to enjoy some broad- cast feature that happens to fit your mood. Many radio fans are like that; and yet so di- versified is the typical broadcast program of to- day that one need do very little “shopping” in the ether before bringing in an acceptable feature. That is because the broadcast studio mana- gers know exactly what radio listeners like to hear. They spend their time finding out what you want and trying to give it to you. ‘‘How do you know what the listeners want?” I asked the manager of a pioneer broadcasting station. “Well,” he replied, “finding out just what our listeners want is quite a prob- lem—there:are so many of them. And it is still harder to get them what they. . want. For the radio audience is be- coming more critical every day. “In the early days of broadcasting, the mere novelty of the thing kept people | interested. Our programs were mediocre — —we couldn’t get high class entertainers . —and our transmission was not so good. But nobody cared. The listeners-in didn’t expect real entertainment, and poor transmission didn’t bother them at all. The ordinary radio receiver of those . days would have reduced the best broad- casting to a mere raucous echo anyway. Just to be able to understand what the announcer was talking about was marvel enough for most radio fans, and getting distant stations meant a lot more than | quality.” “But I understand that you received a lot of nice letters about those early programs,’’ I reminded him. > SURE thing!”’ he said. ‘““The poorest number on one of our early programs was good for at least a basketful of mail. . Most of the letters were from people who Just wanted to brag about their new toy —the radio set. Nine-tenths of them people. The half-dozen s. the world series, football games. By John E. Lodge = . Which Feature Do You Like Best? you and 10,000,000 other GINCE the beginning of broadcasting, studio managers have been studying the wishes of the radio audience with the idea of pre- senting features that will please the greatest possible number of fetches above illustrate familiar radio features in the order of their popularity, as indicated by letters received from fans. First come big sporting events—boxing matches, azz music is next on the list, and classical music runs third. After-dinner speeches and similar events in which the element of humor is present is the fourth choice of the radio public. Then come morning exercises and lectures and talks their silent audience. A Prima Donna at the “‘Mike’’ Public taste in music has improved most remarkably in the last two years, say radio station managers. Above is shown Madame Frances Alda, famous prima donna of the Metropolitan Opera Company, at a recent radio appearance that scored a decided hit 63 wouldn’t have wasted two minutes listening to such stuff if it had come to them by some other way than by radio! “But that mail meant alot to us,” he continued. “You see, we were in need of encouragement. Broadcasting was just an experiment then, and the mail we received was the only evidence we had that anybody ever listened to our station. “LTOWEVER, the ex- perimental days are about over now. We know definitely that any station that goes on the air with a good program will have plenty of listeners. We still get letters, though, and we want them. They help us keep our finger on the pulse of public likes and dislikes and so ar- range our schedules that every listener will find at least one feature on each program to his liking. “Another important end that fan mail serves nowadays is in supply- ing moral support to the radio artists. Most of them cannot visualize the vastness of The average lis- tener has no conception of the feeling of hopeless futility that seizes the broad- casting artist the first time he faces the microphone. Letters, though, make the audience tangible to him, and the next time the artist appears, he.is at ease and confident, because the performance is unconsciously directed to the writers of the letters.”’ ‘What is the most popular feature on your radio program?” I inquired of an- other prominent studio director. ‘THAT'S easy to answer,” he said, “‘if you will permit me to answer it for the city man and the farmer separately. By all odds, the most popular numbers on our program. as far as the city man is concerned are the reports of sporting events such as boxing matches, the base- ball world series, and the big college football games. Next come the reports of big news events such as political conven- tions. Popular music is third; then comes classical music; after that, after-dinner speeches, political debates, and similar events. Lectures and talks of a more or less serious nature, unless they are on some subject much in the popular mind at the moment, are last on the list.

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64 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 “As for the farmer, the weather and crop reports overshadow everything else that he hears over the air. This is understandable, of course, since accurate weath- er and crop news mean dol- lars in the farmer’s pocket. “A really remarkable change has come in public taste in the last two years in connection with music. Jazz used to be the only kind of music the radio audience would listen to, so much so, in fact, that every time we ran through an evening without a whole lot of jazz music and popular songs, we’d be swamped with hot letters from listeners com- plaining against what they called ‘highbrow’ music. “ JAZZ dance music is still more popular than any- thing else in the musical line, but there has been a decided shift in the listening public’s “There’s the answer in a nutshell,” went on the studio director: “That man and millions more like him are developing real taste in music, and radio is respon- sible!” A startling improvement in the general.public’s musi- cal ear is not the only change that radio has brought. All jazz may be jazzy, but there are different ways of playing it, as some of the studio di- rectors have found out. And the same thing applies to other popular features such as the latest sentimental love songs and comedy numbers. “The job now is to supply really high class talent,”’ said the studio director of one of the biggest stations. “T NEVER heard of such a critical audience as the bunch of radio listeners who tune in on our programs. It taste toward classical music, especially stringed instru- ments, symphony orchestras and really high class vocal selections. A few weeks ago our program for an entire day had no jazz features, yet the fan mail was just about as large and favorable as if we had given nothing but jazz music. “And, of course, every one knows of the tremendous response that greeted the © broadcasting, last season, of prominent grand opera and concert stars by way of a whole chain of stations. A phonograph company put on the programs and it is said that more than 150,000 records were sold as a direct result of one song by a well known artist. “This season broadcasting by opera and concert stars under the auspices of a large radio company is meeting with a similar enthusiastic response.” Several other studio directors men- tioned this’ trend of public taste in the direction of high class music. Most of them seemed unable to account for the change. One director, though, had very definite ideas on the subject. - “Why,” I asked him, “‘are radio fans acquiring a taste for good music?” “"T“HAT’S easy,” he replied. “Before the days of radio, millions of people never had heard enough good: music to become familiar with it and learn to like it. Radio actually is educating them to demand good music. Wait a minute—” he broke off while he thumbed over a mass of letters in a special file beside his desk. “Here you are,” he said. “This ought to show what I am driving at. These two letters are from the same man. You will note by the dates that. they-were. written two years apart. In his second letter he mentioned the fact that he had written before, and I looked up his first letter out of curiosity. Now I am glad I did.” Here are extracts from the two letters. The first was written in January, 1923, . and the second, November, 1925: .. ___The program from your station was received, ‘here, last sight with great Your ‘‘Radio Eyes’’ at the Football Game A football game or other sport event of national importance pleases the largest number of radio listeners. Here are Graham McNamee(with glasses) and Phillips Carlin (at microphone), announcers of Station WEAF, describing the Army-Notre Dame football game at New York City clearness and lots of volume and it was enjoyed by my family as well as several guests. We all join in thanking you for the entertainment you have afforded us. Every word of the announcer could be understood. ‘‘Somebody’s Wrong” and ‘‘Tennes- see’ were great. That is sure some music! Give us more like that and lay off the classical stuff. It is all right for those wholike it, but nobody around here does at any rate. And the second one: Please give my best wishes to T—— S——. His violin selections last night were wonderful. My new cone- type loudspeaker seems to be partic- ularly good on thé violin pieces. Ien- joyed the ‘‘Grand Opera Hour” on Thursday immensely, and hope this will be made a regular feature. Radio Fans Insist on the Best No matter what the feature, say the broad- casting managers, the radio audience insists these days that.it be put over by. an expert. That is why noted stage stars, such as Ray- mond Hitchcock (above), invariably pleasé ‘ seems to be easy enough to please them in the variety of selections. The jazz hounds like a little good music and a song now and then. And even musical critics can stand a bit of jazz dance music. But there is one sure thing—no matter what kind of a program you give them, they’ll jump on your neck unless each feature is put over by an expert. The day of ‘kerosene circuit’ musicians and entertainers is strictly past as far as radio is concerned. Nobody but the head- liners make a hit nowadays. And by headliners I mean those artists who really know how to sing or play, regardless of whether they already have made their reputation on the legitimate stage or in concert tours.” “What about the artists whorrefuse to broaccast on the ground that they will spoil the sale of their services for personal appearances?” I asked. “If any artists want to stick to that idea, that’s their privilege,’ he replied. “They are mistaken. Radio has put many artists’ names on Broadway in white lights. ' Before broadcasting they were hard up : to get any kind of dating. The fact that ' the radio public is so critical is known to ‘ the theatrical: booking agents, and you may be sure they keep their eyes open for new artists who make big hits with the © loudspeaker audience.” HE radio audience, some 10,000,000 strong, naturally represents a pretty thorough cross section of the American people. And among so many it is cer- tainly possible to find a desire for every form of entertainment or instruction. “We have had requests for almost every- thing under the sun,” another studio mana- ger said. “But just one letter asking for a certain. feature doesn’t mean that we will put it on the program. It’s a matter of numbers with us. “When several letters come in, all asking for the same or a similar feature, we sit up and take notice, and, if it is at all possible, the requested feature is placed on the program. (Continued on page 144) January. h Foldi Any wrestle nary o auto-ti: ciate tl a rim hinged it will claimec this fol dard ty moved

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Novel Auto Fittings Improved Tools and Handy Accessories for Motorists Goggles for Night Driving These goggles for the motorist are de- signed to reduce glare from approaching headlights. Fin-shaped projections cut off all light from the sides. They Whistle Signals Tire Puncture are cut low enough so that the wearer A ik can obtain full vision above them This remarkable device is screwed on the valve stem in place of the usual dustcap. When the tire is punctured, the whistle . sounds a shrill note Spark-Plug that continues until the Wrench device is turned off The swivel handle on the handy socket wrench pictured below makes it possible to get the spark plugs out with little effort - Folding Tire Rim Any motorist who has wrestled with the ordi- Nary one-piece type of auto-tire rim will appre- ciate the advantages of a rim that is built in hinged sections so that it will collapse when a catch is released. It is claimed by the manufacturers that the strength of this folding type of rim is just as great as the stan- dard types. As shown above, the tire can be re- moved from the rim without at all bending the rim

Electric Cigarette Lighter Below is an electric cigarette lighter for the instrument board. The cigarette : is inserted in a small tube. When the . tube is raised, the cigarette end is quick- Brake-Band Reliner ly lighted against the heating element Relining the brake bands on an automobile is a tedious and difficult job without the proper equip- ment. This novel machine can be mounted on the workbench in the garage. It removes the old rivets and then punches, coun- tersinks, and rivets the new brake lining in place

Tank for Draining Crankcase ; ; oe - : Folding Wrench Set Most automobiles are built with the et “ . drain plug of the crankcase so close to the Ja. eer TT t\ ground that it is impossible to get an gawW ~—t—<is«~C ae -—2" structed that the six individual This unique wrench is so con- ordinary pail underneath the plug when it becomes necessary to drain and refill the crankcase with new oil. This in- genious shallow tank with long flexible handle successfully solves the problem sockets form into a nest that can be stowed away in the nine-inch handle. It fits hex nuts from one- half to seven-eighths inch. A seven-inch extension is included

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66 “‘“70U don’t have to be an expert to make the old bus shine like new,” says Gus. “All you need is good brushes, good paint, and the right dustproof place to do the job.” How POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 In a dustproof cor- ner of the Model Garage, Gus dem- onstrates to Joe why a high gtade brush is important if you expect to do a fine painting job. “A 39-cent bargain sale brush simply wen’t flow the paint on smoothly and you have to spend half your time pick- ing off the bristles” to Paint Your Own Car Gus Tells Why It Pays to Be Fussy about Dust and Your Brush " HAT in blazes are you going to do with all that paint?” ex- claimed Joe Clark, half owner of the Model Garage, to his partner as the latter pulled can after can out of his car and arranged them in a neat row on the workbench. “Do you suppose I’m going to drink it?” Gus Wilson grumbled. “Read the labels on the cans if you’re so durn curious!”’ Joe stooped over to look at the labels more closely. “‘ ‘Body Filler’—‘Best Pig- ment Ground in Oil’—‘Fine Coach Varnish’—” he read. “I’m going to doll up this old bus so she looks like new,’ announced Gus. “Any objections?” Joe smiled broadly. “It’s a fine idea, all right. Your old boat looks like the moths have been making a meal out of it. But where did you get the notion that you’re an auto painter? Takes an expert to do a good painting job. Just because you can fix the mechanical part of an automobile is no sign that you know how to paint the thing too. I'll bet it’ll look like the dickens when you get through with it!’’ “TS THAT so?” Gus growled scornfully. “‘Well, you just keep your eye on me now and you'll learn something.” He cast his eye appraisingly over a partly walled-in corner of the garage and then proceeded to pull out a large roll of cheap cotton cloth. “You see, Joe, the first thing you have to figure on,”’ Gus began, “‘is a place to do the job. That’s more than half the battle because you can’t do good painting in a cold, dusty room. I’m going tostart by By Martin Bunn closing in that corner so I can work with- out you or the customers shuffling up a lot of dust all over the fresh paint. To- morrow I’m going to bring down a couple of oil stoves to keep that corner good and warm so that the paint and varnish will flow easy and dry as quick as possible.” “LIUMPH!” said Joe, rubbing his chin reflectively. ‘“‘Maybe you do know what you’re about, after all. Come on —TI’ll help you put up the dust wall before I get busy with those bills.” But there were interruptions in the form of emergency repair jobs, and it was two days before the last piece of cotton cloth was tacked into place and Gus was satisfied with the arrangement. Gus always had been in the habit of keeping his car pretty clean as well as in perfect order mechanically, but as soon as the paint room was complete he set to work to give the machine a washing so thorough that it was not finished until every speck of grease and mud had been re- moved from the body and running gear. “There you are,” said Gus with satis- faction. ‘That car is what you could call chemically pure! If you can find any dirt on that boat, Joe, I'll eat every grain of it. “TI kind of hoped I wouldn’t have to take off the old paint, but now that I have it perfectly clean, I notice that it is _ checked and cracked in a lot of places. There are some spots, too, where the paint has chipped off and rust has started. I guess I might as well begin at the beginning and take all the paint off, right down to the bare metal.” ““Phew!”’ gasped Joe a few. minutes later as he came coughing out of his little office. ‘“That’s a gosh-awful smell you’re making, Gus! What brand of paint remover is that? I never smelt anything so rank.” “You'll get used to it,” grunted Gus.. “T mixed it myself—half benzol and half acetone. It is kind of whiffy, I'll admit; but if you leave it on for about an hour, you can rub the paint off with an old rag or scrape it off with a putty knife.” By the next night Gus had removed the paint down to the bare wood and metal. Then he went over the car with steel wool and fine sandpaper, scraping the rust spots until the surface was smooth and even. After that he dusted it off with a piece of cheesecloth on which a few drops of varnish had been poured. This he allowed to dry till it became tacky. This process removed even the invisible dust, so Gus said. “eu see, Joe,” he remarked, standing back and regarding his work with pride, “‘there’s one sure thing about painting. You can’t doa good job unless you put the paint on the right kind of a surface. One oily spot, or even a greasy finger mark, may cause the paint to peel off a few months later and ruin the whole job. And now I’m ready to put on the priming coat,’ he concluded as_ he busied himself with his array of cans. ““Gosh!””’ exclaimed Joe. “Looks as though you were setting out to do a real honest-to-goodness professional job— about 17 coats of paint.” “Not as many as that,’’ Gus replied. “Four coats will be all that I’ll have time (Continued on page 145)

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 67 Be Your Own Boss] If you’re tired of working for someone else—here’s your opportunity to get into business for yourself. Be the Johnson Floor Ex- pert in your community. We'll help you get started. Earn $15 to$25 a Day - - = There’s a bigger demand every day for floor maintenance serv- : ice in homes, business and professional offices, stores, schools, clubs, hotels and public buildings. In just a short time you can have a business of your own that will pay you $15 to $25 a day. And all you need to start is a | _ JOHNSONS WAX | Electric floor Polisher s z It’s the machine that insures success, independence—a t business of your own. Light and easy to operate. Runs g from any light socket. Simple and sturdy in construc- tion. Nothing to get out of order. Polishes floors ten i ‘| times faster and better than any other method. Gets t: under davenports, buffets, beds, desks and other low r, pieces without moving the furniture. id $ Investment Less Than °50 : Think of it! For less than $50 you can have a profit- 1g able business of your own, with a high-class clientele. as No more lay-offs. No more dull seasons. You'll be ed giving orders instead of taking them. You'll be a rec- ch ognized successful business man. Mail coupon today :. for full information on the Johnson Floor Service Plan. he Don’t Delay— Act Now Don’t put off mailing this cou- - n th pon. It will mean the comforts Fill Out ut and luxuries of life. A bank saad Mail account. A home of your own. Safe years ahead. —— I S. C. JOHNSON & SON, Dept. P.S.1, RACINE, WIS. U **The Floor Finishing Authorities’’ This Coupon De tae? Sd Please tell me how I can earn $15 to $25 a day giving Johnson Floor Service. i I NAME | i a al OT J

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 Useful Hints for Car Owners A Novel Patch Press—Simple Remedies for Motoring Troubles MOST important point in making puncture repairs with cemented patches is to use plenty of pressure on the patch while the cement is setting. A short piece of board carried in the tool- kit will permit you to use your regular jack, as shown in. Fig. 1, to clamp the tube and patch against the under side of the runningboard. If your car is fitted with running- boards made of corrugated metal, it will, of course, be necessary to use two boards, placing the second Fig. 4. Clamp terminals can be tightened by slotting the post on the battery with a hacksaw and screw- ing a brass screw into the slot after the terminal has been bolted into place. RaAvrr fitted bearings cause al- most as much motor trouble as poor quality oil or scanty lubrication. One point in the automobile motor that deserves careful attention is the wristpin bearing. Owners who overhaul their own cars frequently board between the underside of the runningboard and the tube surface. 6 leew gasoline pipe frequently gets clogged up between the main tank and the vacuum tank or, if there is no vacuum tank on the car, between the main tank and the carburetor. When this happens, it sometimes is difficult to clear out the obstruction without taking the whole pipe out of the car and attaching it to the air- pressure line. For this reason it is a Fig. 2. good idea to fit a petcock in the pipe line between the main tank and the vacuum tank, as shown in Fig. 2. Then, when the pipe gets clogged, the compressed-air connection can be made to the petcock. With the pipe disconnected at first one end and then the other, the obstruction quickly is blown out. (CERTAIN types of visible gasoline pumps are not provided with a relief valve at the upper end of the discharge hose. This greatly delays the emptying of the hose after the gasoline has flowed out of the measuring compartment. A cure for: this trouble is a vent pipe arranged as shown in Fig. 3. It consists of a length of one-eighth-inch pipe con- nected with the supply pipe at the point where it leaves the measuring compart- ment. The open end of the pipe is carried up above the top level of the gasoline in the measuring compartment so. that there will be no chance for gasoline to come out at this point. When the measuring tank is empty, air rushes into the vent pipe and causes the gasoline in the supply pipe to run quickly into the motor’s tank. OOR connections at the storage- battery terminals often are respon- sible for trouble in the operation of the car. Occasionally the trouble is caused by wear. If your terminals are of the plug type, a good way to tighten them when they are worn so loose that the nut fails to draw them up tightly, is to fit a lead sleeve over the plug, as illustrated in UNDER FRONT FLOOR BOARD A petcock fitted in gasoline pipe line between maintank and vacuum tank aids in clearing out an obstruction when the pipe gets clogged. A com- pressed-air connection can be made to the petcock and the obstruction blown out with little effort Fig. 1. How a jack and small board can be used against the runningboard to exert pressure on a tire patch until it is secure GASOLINE SUPPLY PIPE BRASS SCREW ’ EXPANDS LEAD ih : 4 aT. Fig.5. Wrong and right ways to ream bushings in wristpin bearings Fig. 4. Rbove: Clam type battery terminal tightened with brass screw. Below: Plug terminal tightened with a lead sleeve mn cuT AND SOLDERED Fig.6. Heavy pipe fastened across corners prevents tting the garage door and soldering tubes Fig. 3. A vent pipe at the outlet of gasoline pump aids in emptying the supply pipe quickly REPAIRED TUBE | Fig. 7. Radiator the car scraping repaired by cu make a serious mistake in attempting to ream out the new bushings they have fitted to the pistons. They run the reamer through from each side, and the result is often as pictured in the upper illustration of Fig. 5. A bushing fitted in this way will bind badly for a while and then will be- come so loose that a ter- rific noise results when the motor is_ started. The correct way to ream wristpin bushings is to replace one bushing and then run the reamer through the new bushing by way of the old one on the other side, as shown in the lower illustration. Then the latter is replaced and the process is repeated in the other direction. Theoretically, a reamer should follow the hole, but good results only can be obtained if the reamer is guided properly. Too stiff steering often is due to crooked reaming. YCTORISts frequently so miscalcu- late the clearance in driving into the garage that the rear fender or hub cap always scrapes against the door. A simple remedy is to take some pieces of heavy pipe, and after flattening and bending the ends, fasten them at the door corners as shown in Fig. 6. They should be set at about a 45-degree angle. Then when you drive too close, the tire rides up on the pipe and slides the car away from the door so that the fender does not touch. COPPER HEN a vertical tube, fin type radi- ator becomes frozen or is damaged through collision or fan bracket breakage, leaks develop in a number of tubes. The best way to repair such an outfit is to eliminate the damaged tubes. . As shown in Fig. 7, the fins are pushed up and down until you can get at the burst tubes. These are cut off at each side of the break with a saw made out of a short piece of hacksaw blade fitted to a wooden handle. Then the ends of the tubes are squeezed flat with a pair of pliers and tightly closed by soldering. After that the fins can be pulled back into place. If the job is carefully done, the damaged area will not be noticeable. Januat

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY NEUTROWOUND MERCURY SS HUNTINGTON WRIGHT DE COSTER NEWPORT HARTMAN ECHOPHONE SILVER-MARSHALL

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Evéveady horizontal “BY” Battery No. 766, 22% volts; for 1 to03 tubes. List brice, $2.00, © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Eveready large vertical ‘%*B’’ Battery No.779, 22%4 volts, for 1 to 3 éubes, where variable taps are not re quired. Width, 4% inches; depth; 3% inches; height, 7% inches; weight, 434 lbs. List price, 00, EVEREADY « No. 7179 A large vertical 222-volt “*B”’ Battery THE famous Eveready “B” Bate tery No. 766, horizontal, now has a vertical brother, No. 779, 22% volts, ‘This has the same large cells as the No. 766, and will last as long in equal service. Being ver- tical, it fits perfectly the battery compartments of many popular receivers. Also valuable for use where the table or shelf space is limited. Manufactured and guaranteed by Nationa, Carspon Company, Inc. New York San Francisco Atlanta Chicago Dallas Kansas City Pittsburgh EVEREADY HOUREVERY TUESDAY at9 P.M. Eastern Standard Time For real radio enjoyment, tell your customers to tune in the “‘Eveready Group.” Broadcast through tions— ¥ rv {ated York WFI Phila. WW! _ Detroit R Providence WGR_ Buffalo Minneapolis oston WCAEPittsburgh WCCO} s: Pau EILB E TAGWorcester WSAI Cincinnati WOC Davenport KSD 8&t. Louis EVEREADY Radio Batteries ~they last longer January, 1926 See page 6.

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| January,1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Home Workshop Arthur Wakeling, Editor mption with ‘lools when the writer and his compatriots were barefooted boys, perhaps none of us was rich enough to own a chest of tools; at any rate, none of us did. The writer can well remember when his older brother gave him a gouge or half- round chisel. That gouge he used for everything except for pulling tacks. With it he made model sailboats of blocks of wood; with it he engraved his name upon all the beech trees within the circuit of eight or 10 miles from his home. He can- not now remember all the uses to which that gouge was put; but it was the only real carpenter’s tool he possessed and he used it upon almost every occasion, as a half-moon scar still testifies. What he most desired, however, was a drawknife. Alas! he never owned one; so he wrapped a rag around the pointed end of a butcner knife that ik THE beautiful land of yesterday, By Daniel C. Beard National Scout Commissioner, Boy Scouts of America OU will not hesitate to undertake any job in your home workshop after reading this article by Dan Beard. If you ever do have a moment of doubt, all you will need to do is to look at your kit of tools—your hammers, saws, planes, chisels, pliers, files, and ali the other splendid examples of the toolmaker’s art—and ask yourself: “What wonder- ful things couldn’t a Dan Beard do with these tools?” Take the tools you have or those you can buy at the corner hardware store and use them with a little of the “gumption” Dan Beard describes, and you will find your home workshop will become a place of real accomplishment. its edge on the nail close up to the head and hammering the head of the hatchet with stone until the blade severed the head from the nail. In this way they made an awl, and when it was fitted into a wooden handle, it was an excellent tool. We used the awl for a leather punch and for various other purposes, as the occasion suggested. As a rule we could borrow a saw with which to saw boards, or make a saw of a big kitchen knife by nicking it along its edge. When we could not secure a saw, we cu! the boards off with the axe or hatchet witl which all woodsheds were furnished. We first drew a line across them from side to side, then placed the edge of the axe or hatchet on the line and hammered them with some heavy implement. By this means we gradually made a deep groove all the way across the board. Turning he might grasp it with no danger of wounding his hand. Then, using the real handle for his other hand, he found that it was not a bad substitute for a drawknife. With this crude tool he fashioned some very shapely and effective shinny sticks and bows. With bits of broken window-pane glass or fragments of flint he smoothed the surface of his bows and arrows. WHEN the boys of yes- terday needed an awl, they did not go to the hard- ware store for it, because in those days boys were not supplied with a surplus of money; but they made their awls of turkey bone, hardening the bone by hold- ing it over the hot coals until all-the grease melted out, after which it was sharpened like an awl. Or, they took an ordinary “‘cut nail,” there being no wire nails in those days, and Tubbed it on the stone front steps until its edges were Tounded off, and then gave it a sharp point. Next, the head of the nail was removed, ! either by slowly and painfully grind- Ing it on-a. stone until it the board over we made another similar groove upon the opposite side, corre- sponding exactly in location with the first one. By carefully deepening these grooves we at last got the board so thin at that point that we could break it off with no danger of splitting; then we would take the edge of the sharp axe or hatchet and with it shave the rough edge of the board until it was smooth. [* MY log house at Pike County, Pa., now used as the executive office of my School of the Outdoors, I have a substantial table, which we made entirely with no implement but an axe. The boards that serve for the top were cut the proper length as just de- scribed. I sometimes think that our multiplication of tools of today and our easy access to them make work so simple for us that it tends to dull our inventive power and in a measure atrophies our resourcefulness. The old woodsman could build a good house and fur- nish it without a nail or spike or any hardware what- soever and with no tools but his axe. Give such a man was worn off, or by using an old hatchet and resting Dan Beard, chief .of the Boy Scouts, at 75, making a bow just as he de- scribed in ‘““The American Boy’s Handy Book,” which was published in 1882 an axe, a big two-hand (Continued on page 95) ;

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Sl LER bagel 8... 72 Wings fitted to a toboggan add immea- surable thrills to the sport of coasting down a 1000-foot slope of frozen snow and ice may not appeal to some as a pastime, but the palling monotony of life in a Colorado mining camp, up on the Continental Divide, where the snow is 50 feet deep and the mercury is below zero for months, makes life seem very drab. Anything with a kick in it is weleome—anything. Two of us, Harley Tryon and myself, were the charter and sole members of the Suicide Club, builders and operators of the only amusement device of its kind ever recorded, the toboggoplane. Tobogganing is not a slow sport in itself, but like other speed sports, each descent must be a little faster, go a little farther than the preceding, or it loses its thrill. A toboggan on a hard frozen crust will develop a speed greater than free fall in a given vertical distance, for much the same reason that an ice boat can go much faster than the wind that drives it. It takes longer for the given vertical dis- tance to be covered, but at the end, the actual speed down the slope is greater. The “‘why of” this is out of place here, but it’s true. So, when I say that we hit the bottom of the hill going more than 200 miles Preown a and racing with death ‘an hour, I know the speed is under- estimated. But even this palled after a time. Keeping a toboggan upright is much like riding a bicycle, or balancing a canoe, for at high speeds a very small irregularity on the surface can have disastrous effects. Our instruction from Old Man Experience on this point came in sudden and enormous doses. Butina short time there wasn’t a hill around the camp that could offer a “kick.” We could ride them all to a standstill. (= night, after a somewhat dull. toboggan party, the idea was sug- gested to build a set of wings on the toboggan. Maybe it would fly! I suggested it, and Tryon said, “If you'll build it, I'll ride the thing.” POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 ROM the extraordinarily graphic pen of a New York mining engineer comes this ac- tual record of winged toboggan- ing at the Sunnyside Mine, near Silverton, Colo. The altitude of this mining camp is 12,500 eet above sea level, and the winters there are from Septem- ber first to July first. Snow usu- ally falls even in July and August. The author was the chief engineer and Harley Tryon the timekeeper at this mine. am. By Paul H. Keating, E.M. From the carpenter shop next after- noon I obtained some strips of pine, some muslin (used for wrapping ventilat- ing pipe), and some piano wire. The toboggan itself was of standard design, 18 in. wide, 9 ft. long, with a curl in front 9 in. high. The wings of the Dragonfly, as we later christened the toboggan, were made of a framework of knot-free pine strips, covered with muslin, which was painted with hot paraffin to make the fabric airtight. Two strips 1 by 2) in. and 11 ft. long were fastened together by four cross- pieces 1 by 24in. by 4ft. 3in. Notches or mortises were cut in the longer strips to take the shorter ones, as illustrated, and a single sixpenny nail was driven into each joint from the outside. The frame was laid on a floor and trued up with a steel square. Piano wire, about No. 22 gage, was then strung as indicated and drawn very tightly around each crosspiece and diagonally ae 11-0" 'g2%8 aT \ CROSS-WIRE BINDING WIRE 3 ADJUSTING TO REINFORCE DEVICE FRAME. GUY. WIRE FROM TIP TO TIP THROUGH EYE BOLTS ON INCLINATION OF —— gel JOBOGGAN WING o pe. sonst a “ SIDE VIEW A wire braced frame- work of 1 by 2% in. strips is covered with paraffined muslin to form wings for the toboggan Pn tee across each section of the wing. Shingle nails driven into the strips served to anchor the wires. Each cross length was drawn until all gave approximately the same hum when picked. The diagonal wires also were adjusted to the same pitch by putting a lock washer around the intersection and drawing it by a wire toward the back of the frame until the tone of the wires was about even. RDINARY unbleached muslin was stretched over the entire frame, fast- ened every 2 in. with carpet tacks. The center or “‘cockpit’’ then was cut out and the loose edges tacked down. After prying the frame from the floor, to which it had been lightly nailed during the truing-up process, the muslin was painted with very hot paraffin. Two holes were drilled in the top of the curl of the toboggan 1 ft. apart, and three turns of ordinary baling wire held the wings in place along the leading edge. The rear edge was fastened similarly to the iron eyebolts along the side of § the toboggan. A continuous guy of pi- ano wire was strung from the front tip of one wing through eyebolts in the floor of the sled to the other wing tip, and d awn tight. The next thing was to try it. With the cushions in place, it looked every bit a dragon- fly, but as a pas- senger carrying de- vice, we concluded (Continued on page 103) The original Dragonfly after many perilous trips down a Colorado mountain side January, ow We Made a Winged Toboggan} V You with new 7 are yc To his bu anoths by rot great But man what twelve his ea Giv stance of S. . tucky ized— of La versit ‘“My | doubl writes greate from amou writte five ti fore.’ has a he is for it. Incr Agi perie Webs retary Comp influe earlie ‘ ‘Si has b creast cent | when invest denta jumpi autor assist: in To! ‘ “5 Bus Exe Mo tion tion Oe Puk Lis C.I ant Name.

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. tucky man, who has special- January, 1926 You have said good-bye to Yesterday, with its failures and disappointments. A new Tomorrow lies ahead of you. What are you going to do with it? To the man who gives little thought to his business progress, one day is much like another—filled with routine work—rewarded by routine pay. He has mo right to expect great things of the future. But—how different the outlook of the man who is fraining for promotion, and what a difference a mere twelve months can make in his earning power! Give a thought, for in- stance, to the experience of S. N. Williams, a Ken- ized—with the co-operation of LaSalle Extension Uni- POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY | What Will You be Earning One Year from Today? A practical plan that is doubling men’s salaries LaSalle Extension University—it is not our excellent text-books or your well- uilt organization, but your willingness to help and encourage the student to succeed. It has been my experience that an enroll- ment with you is not a cold-blooded busi- ness proposition, but a real, cheerful, sym- pathetic willingness to help the student.’” More recently he writes as follows: ‘Monthly dividends are being paid me on my investment in LaSalle training in

73 many, many times is evidenced by the fact that during only six months’ time as many as 1,248 LaSalle members reported definite salary-increases, as a result of training under the LaSalle Problem Method, total- ling $1,399,507. The average increase per man was 89 per cent. The records of these 1,248 members— representing every state in the Union and every province of Canada—are all recounted in a fascinating book entitled “A Geography of Success.” The following ah a few of the promotions here recorded: “From $110 to $385 a month.” “Clerk to Branch Man- ager, at $10,000 a year.’’ ‘Salesman to Sales Man- ager; salary doubled.’’

le versity—in Salesmanship. “From $1,400 to $5,000 to ‘My salary was practically a year.’ doubted a short time ago, . **PassesC. P. A.examina- ill writes Williams, ‘‘but my tion; now partner in $20,000 n greatest satisfaction comes firm.”’ re from knowing that the A copy of this book will a amount of business I have be sent you for the asking. id written this year is easily And—it's well worth send- of < bs a than be- ing for! ore illiams, you see, : as has a real Didnesebetaae Send f or Salary- he is constantly preparing Doubling Plan — Free for it. bon ated is 8 Let's as not be hampere it. To- st- Increases Salary 150% morrow is ahead of . Let’s he Again, consider the ex- make the most of it! nd perience of Arthur W. Below this text there’s a Ler Weber, now Assistant Sec- coupon—just such a coupon w retary of the Ohio Savings Bank and Trust _ the form of increased salary af @ rate in as Williams and Weber once signed, b Company, one of the largest aii most excess of 125 per cent per month.” and hundreds of thousands of others who, ne influential banks in the state. On2z <f his thru home-study training, have added ed earlier letters reads as follows: You Have the Same : greatly to their earning power. “Since I have been training, my salary Good Opportunity Siti demain eaten, enihiliieen:. Tien wilt she has been increased 150 percent. ‘This in- Skeptics may suggest that the records y y decide for you the training you should ree crease is an annual return of 1,107 per of Mr. Williams and Mr. Weber are ex- undertake. he cent upon my investment. Not so bad ceptional. And—if these men had won ge, when you consider that most conservative their advancement without the aid of home- You do not know your capabilities. But— rly investments net only 6 or 8 per cent. Inci- study training, we should be bound to they will unfold for you more wonderfully ' dentally, LaSalle training has aided me in agree withthe skeptics. For menare rarely than you could dare to hope, once you . jumping from the job of timekeeper in an promoted to positions they are not quali- begin with seriousness to fit yourself for pl- automobile factory to my present position as _ fied to fill. When men have fitted them- bigger things. tip assistant auditor of the largest andbestbank selves for advancement, however, such Start today toward that better place, that he in Toledo in less than eighteen months. promotions are not exceptional at all. bigger salary, by checking, signing and ip, ‘There is one outstanding point about That their experience could be paralleled mailing the coupon NOW. +4 ith : L XTENSI IVER TTY ed n= The World’s Largest Business Training Institution as- Se es ci cin eae ere ——— et Business Training Inecitution | # LASALLE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY Dept. 183-R Chicago ‘ I shall be glad to have details of your salary-doubling plan, together. with complete information regarding the opportunities 03) in the business field I have checked below. Also a copy of “A Geography of Success,” all without obligation. Jomeietts Managerial Sales and Departisental Sie BSS PRR Cera Sta Wate eecpemint, Clonee Gores Executive posi mmercial Law: Reading, Refer- Production Control, Industri Engi- spondence = and hems any Service for Busi- Traini neering, etc. and Practice: Training for position Oe as a Gales =r Salesman,” ny Bales ness Men Mo a ice as Sales or Collection Correspoudent,

: ti » Mail Sal Manuf: emt oh pole ym pt oe pmeat — Poreian and Methods: Traini ng for positions: in ‘Shop Eales Froqetion Manager, Mail Sales sensi wholesale le ny road or Industrial ic Manager, Rate tendent, “General F or oreman, Wermeen, CT ee irateles for Busi- Higher Accountancy: Trai Expert, Freight § jolleltor, ote Sub-Foreman, etc. merce 7 ertiti Commercial Spanish: Training for a ig Aone Somptrolier,« Cer Ger fied iiss for post Station Management: Trai t [C]Persoane! poe ae fone Man & See = mae with Training Cashier and Agen h -speaking countries. L&zpert Bookkeeper. : tor pou pr pct steideenen tet ete: Bersonnel_ M Se a ueteial elas Effective Speaking: Training in the ton co Head Training for tions Man: my eng Manager, art of foreefal, effective speech. for + Orie Present Position Ministers, Salesmen, Fratern Lenders, [ISB A-Conching tor A , ‘4 Banke and Politicians, Clubmen, etc. i

and positions relating to Employee Service.

Address

“seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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$ } 74 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 ™ Replacing a Window-Pane How to Remove a Sash from Its Frame, Take out the Broken Glass, and Putty a New Light in Place By F. E. Tustison, Director of Science and Home Mechanics, The Stout Institute, Menomonie, Wis. 1 Unless the win- dow is easily accessible fromthe outside, the sash must be removed. First take off one of the inside stops y) (Center) Raise lower sash slightly, pull it toward you, and remove sash cord. Tie a loop in the cord so that it will not slip into the weight pocket 3 To remove the upper sash, pull it all the way down, pry out the middle stop at the top with a chisel and remove stop by pulling out and up. The sash then is removed exactly as was the lower Theaccompany- ing photographs were posed by Otto P. Schell- inger, who is a specialistin household me- chanics January, | ee 4 Remove the putty with an old chisel, which should, however, be reasonably sharp. Do not expose the bare wood or repainting will be necessary before the putty will stick 5 Either use the best linseed-oil putty you can buy or mix linseed oil and dry whiting together and add about one-tenth as much powdered white lead, to give extra hardness 6 To make a really good job, “back- putty”? the rabbet be- fore inserting the new pane of glass, as shown in the central silhouette 8 (At left) There are two ways of placing the putty. Perhaps the easiest for the ama- teur mechanic is to roll a thin string of putty and lay it bodily into the rabbet, presssing it into place with a putty knife and smoothing it neatly with several continuous strokes from corner to corner 7 (At right) Press the pane firmly into the back putty and drive in a few glazier’s points with your chisel be 9 (At right) The ex- perienced __ glazier does the job with al- 10 If the sash is dark most incredible swift- green, dark brown, ness by feeding the or any other very dark : putty under the knife color, the work of a as he draws it along the repainting the sash can Jf used o rabbet. This takes be avoided (provided pcs considerable practice the original paint is in Bakeli unless one happens to good condition) simply a fall into the trick by blackening the famou: naturally. Try it the _ putty as soon as it is lence. next time you have to applied with a little repair a broken light powdered lampblack TURN TO PAGE 78 FOR THE CONTINUATION OF THE HOME WORKSHOP DEPARTMENT

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY AONE SN SOREN Bakelite is anexclusive Imagine a Radio Set stripped of these parts What a useless collection of wood, wire and metal it would be. Realizing that the parts and accessories shown here are wholly or partly of Bakelite, gives you a vivid picture of its importance to Radio. Today Bakelite is used in a greater variety of radio parts than ever before—and the num- ber grows constantly. This dominance of Bakelite in radio reflects the experience and the opinions of radio manufacturers, great and small. Radio set and parts manufac- turers have every facility for testing all insulation materials and over 95% have standard- ized on Bakelite. This indi- cates how really important it is for you to make sure that the set or parts that you buy are Bakelite insulated. Write for Booklet 25 BAKELITE CORPORATION 247 Park Avenue, New York, N. Y. Chicago Office: 636 West 22nd Street |BAKELITE THE MATERIAL OF A THOUSAND SO cs BAKELITE is the registered trade mark for the phenol resin products manu- factured under patents owned by Bakelite Corporation USES © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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Old Bill Threads a Bent Pipe he stopped his flivver in the yard of the Robinson Mill, Old Bill thought he must have been summoned to attend a convention of all the mechanical men in town. He was a bit peeved, too, as there was much work to be done at the shop. He followed a devious way through the mill to the superintendent’s office, but high pitched voices coming from the engine room made him change his course. He came upon a group looking at the engine and studying some drawings. “There is no use talking, Joe,” the mill superintendent was saying to one of his assistants. ‘“‘I don’t care whose fault it is; what we must do now is to correct the trouble.”’ “T don’t believe thereisany- thing you can get done here that will help you,” Jack Wat- son, Old Bill’s chief competi- tor, said. ‘‘Nobody in town can cut a thread on a 12-inch pipe bent like that.” J ne stonn by the cars he recognised, as “Bison BILL joined the group, and after the usual ex- change of greetings the job was explained to him. The mill had put in new boilers and piping system, and everything was coupled together all right except one pipe, the last one. It was 12-in. pipe with flanges screwed on, and this particular piece had a bend with about a 10-ft. radius that went from the steam header to the throttle valve. It was too long, or the space it should go in was too short. The consulting engineer who had laid out the plant and the men who had put it in were still arguing that point. “It looks to me as if the thing to do is to cut off a piece of the pipe,” Old Bill remarked. “‘The rest of us decided that a long time ago,’’Old Bill’s competitorrejoinedshortly. The consulting engineer stopped his dis- pute long enough to say, ““We do not think a weld should be permitted in this pipe.” _ “Can you do it?” was all the mill super- intendent wanted to know. “Yes,” Old Billsaid. ‘“‘Get it down to the shop as soon as you can.” A wave of surprise seemed to pass through the group. “How are you going to do it?”’ Old Bill’s competitor asked. “Come down and I’ll show you,”’ was the answer, and, knowing Old Bill, every one laughed. Old Bill realized that he had bitten off e POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY By James Ellis — Machine-Shop Superintendent a mouthful, so as soon as he was back in the shop he set about to prepare for the pipe. He told Bob Laten what the job was, and gave him a drawing showing the dimensions that the pipe must be. “But, boss,’’ Laten protested, ‘“‘we can’t swing this in a lathe, and the pipe ma- chine will not take it?” “That’s all right,” Old Bill replied. “We have a 36-inch lathe that will do the job. Here is what we will do. I will show you how I think we can handle it.” Old Bill checked the setting himself Fortunately, the big lathe had room around it, and there was a small hoist overhead. Laten got a long straightedge, and, holding it on the faceplate of the lathe, he used a plumb bob to locate several points on the floor in line with the faceplate. Then he measured straight out from each of the lathe’s centers and made other marks on the floor. He had men bring in all the wood block- ing they could find. Then he got a good ‘sized angle-plate and bolted it on the faceplate. To this he bolted a full swing - yest from a smaller lathe. By this time the big pipe was being - dragged into the shop. Laten had it raised and set on the lathe carriage. The other end he supported with some of the blocks. Vac 4 the iO) eae é Sesh It took a lot of straining to get the flange off the end that was to be threaded, but finally it was done. Then Laten blocked up that end so that it was about on a line with the lathe centers. He had his helper make some clamps to bolt the pipe to the lathe carriage, while he rigged up a roller support for the free end. Truing up the pipe was rather tedious, but finally the work was located so that it was true and would roll on the blocks supporting the outer end for about 6 in. A regular turning tool held in the toolpost attached to the faceplate was used for turning the pipe down to the correct size and_ taper for threading. Old Bill came out and checked up the setting himself once more to be sure that nothing had slipped. “I think I will call up Jack Watson and get him to come over here and see how a real machine shop can do things!’’ he remarked good naturedly. Fos cutting the thread the lathe was run backward rather slowly so that the tool could be fed in a little by hand at each revolution to get the proper taper. The tool was started cutting on the large diameter of the pipe and ran off the end while the lead screw fed the pipe away from the face- plate. Old Bill figured out that the thread should decrease in size eight-thousandths with each thread, so he had Laten use the micrometer dial on the full swing rest to advance the tool this amount each time the faceplate made one revolution. For the final cuts a man was stationed on each side of the lathe, and the tool was fed in four-thousandths at each half revolution, so that a practi- cally perfect thread was produced by this method. When the flange had been tried on for the last time and had been found to fit perfectly, Watson shook his head, a trifle sadly, and said: ‘‘Next time I see some- thing that I know can’t be done, I think I will slip out of the way before you come around and do it!’ MAY time-saving shop ideas are contained in the continuation of the Better me, Ap paca Department, which you will find on pages 112 to 119. January Firs

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GO OR TEE oo» ww @WOorwrvv Ye wee st it, POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY y Start the New Year Get the You’re going to need new tools this coming year. NOW is the time to start planning.. Send for this Supplement to the Starrett Catalog. You will find it invaluable in making your selection of the tools best suited for your individual requirements. Many fine, new Precision Tools are described in this Supplement to the regular Starrett Catalog. Illustrations—uses completely described—prices— the newest additions to the Starrett Line—it tells the whole story. Write for it TODAY. Mailed promptly at our éxpense. Ask for Catalog No. 23 “W” and Supplement. THE L. S. STARRETT: CO. World’ s Greatest Toolmakers Manufacturers of Hacksaws Unexcelled ' Steel Tapes Standard for Accuracy new Supplement to the Starrett catalog ' fharles | Laese// you want. Showing how the Sup- plement to the Starrett Catalog describes tools and their uses. This free book has the information Send for it. This seal 02 a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE. MONTHLY Removing starter screws witha “*Vankee’’ Quick-Return Spiral Ratchet Screw-driver No. 130-A One-handed you can quickly drive (or draw) screws in tight places. That’s where you want the “Yankee” Quick-Return Spiral Ratchet Screw-driver. Put the blade in the screw slot. The spring in the handle holds it there. You just push on handle. The live spring brings handle back for the next push. ‘Lhe long reach pre- vents barked knuckles. “YANKEE” Quick-Return Spiral Ratchet Screw-driver No. 130-A Right and left ratch- et; and rigid. Three sizes of bits. No. 130-A. Standard size No. 131-A. Heavy pattern No. 135. Light pattern Without the Quick-Re- turn feature, No. 30-A, No. 31-A, No. 35. Ratchet Bit Brace Automatic Feed Bench Drills Ratchet Screw-drivers Ratchet Tap Wrenches Vises, with Removable Base *“‘Yankee’”’ on the tool you buy means the utmost quality, dura- bility and efficiency. Dealers everywhere sell “Yankee” Tools Write for a copy of “Yankee” Tool Book, of interest 'to those who love good tools. Nort Bros. Mre. Co., Philadelphia, U. S. A. "YANKEE" TOOLS GUNCRCRGUOSCERCOGS How to File By Emanuel E. Ericson, Noted Manual-Training Authority a Handsaw 9 (At right) Using a properly adjusted saw set, bend out every alternate tooth. Then reverse the saw and set the remaining teeth the opposite way 1 (At left) First true up the edge with a saw jointer or a flat file held on a_ block..of. wood. Take smooth, forward strokes.» The edge should be a trifle convex or crowned 3 (At right) A cross-cut saw may either be filed against the cutting edge of the teeth or with the teeth. This illustrates the first method. Run the file in front of every tooth that points out toward you 5 (Below) When the teeth are sharp, lay the saw on a flat surface and take a_ stroke or two on each side with a fine oilstone 4 (Above at handles. 6 To file a ripsaw, hold the file at right angles to the blade. Each tooth must be perpendicular on the front edge. Some mechanics prefer to lower the file handle a trifle. In either case it is well to file every alternate tooth from one side and then turn the saw. This compensates for error Make BetlOv Mechanicy the saw in the saw vise and file the remaining teeth. The file is horizontal, but points back toward the points and stop filing when they are sharp left) Turn — x Watch the 7 Straightening a kink with block and mallet. Beginners will find it a good plan to leave a few teeth at the extreme handle end of the blade untouched. It is these few teeth that will serve as a standard guide for setting and filing the saw [{$ This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. January; 1 D Yu ruptur gentle; Brooks Thi he irr a steel pliancee ting |} Cxertir iF itowe Natur cventr PR ruptur hundr of life past t posses Set Valual

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January, 1926 “(Those extra bills wouldnt be there, but for my Brooks Appliance” POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 799 Does RUPTURE Cut YOUR Pay? OU CAN’T BE AT YOUR BEST —men- tally or physically—under the handicap of rupture unless the condition is relieved by the gentle; soothing and healing restraint of a Brooks Appliance. Throw away that old truss; free yourself of the irritation and annoyance of having to wear a steel and leather harness. Your Brooks Ap- pliance weighs only a few ounces; elastic web- ting Holds a soft rubber air cushion in place, cxerting an even and constant pressure, just as iit were the palm of your hand. That gives Nature a chance to repair the damage and cventually to effect a cure. PROOF that the Brooks Appliance does heal Tupture is found in the unsolicited testimony of hundreds of thousands of people in all walks of life whose letters, coming to us during the past thirty-five years, form our most cherished possession. Send in the coupon today and you will receive valuable information on the treatment and heal- rIS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. ing of rupture in men, women and children, together with the names of many people who were cured after vainly trying other methods. Sent on Trial to Prove It Remember we send our Appliance on trial to prove what we say is true. You are to be sole judge. Now fill out and mail coupon—for yourself, a relative or a friend. y BROOKS APPLIANCE Co., rink BROOK 230-C State St., Marshall, Mich. Please mail in plain sealed envelope your illustrated book and full information about your appliance for rupture. See page 6.

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It’s surprising how many men who work with tools feel like that about the Cheney Hammer. Some prefer it for its “Never Slip” handle, others like it for the Nail Holder in the head, others for the famous ‘‘Cheney Wedge’”’ that keeps the head always tight. The curve of the claws, the swell of the face and the “hang”’ of the hammer—these things have built the Cheney reputation. And behind every- thing stands almost 90 years of experi- ence in hammer mak- ing and an absolutely unlimited guarantee that if it ever proves defective it will be replaced without 1S) charge. i. S'S WASyE tC O: meme 8463 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Operating a Model Railroad by Electrical Controls By James A. Baker HILE many men are interested in model railways, their particular fields of activity are not all along exactly the same lines. One man will spend most of his time on the production of locomotives. Another may be in- terested in the rolling stock of his model railway and a third, perhaps, may tackle the problems connected with control, signaling, and operation. In the article, ‘Automatic Control for Model Trains,’ published last month, instructions were given for making an electrically operated switch. A model track layout ar- ranged so that all the switches are controlled by pushbuttons permits remarkably realistic operation of the model freight and passenger trains. Before taking up the ways in which electrically operated switches may be used, there is one detail in the construc- tion of the switches themselves that de- serves special attention. Standard track, as manufactured in this country, is made with the curved sections on a rather sharp radius. This is commercially necessary because the vast majority of sales of track are made in connection with small, popular priced, complete outfits consisting, usually, of a locomotive, two or three cars, and a circle of track with just a few straight pieces. Most of the owners of these small outfits have but limited space for a track layout—too small, in fact, for curves of large radius. Switches, naturally, are made to th same radius as the regular curved track. 4 Fig. 2. Diagram show- ing track layout and wiring for current con- trol. Center pins are removed from third rail at points marked One wire from _trans- former goes to track at any convenient point on outside rails (A). The other wire from transformer goes to switches, each of which is connected indepen- dently with a different section of the third rail This is all right if you stick to commercial freight and passenger cars, but | when you start building | scale models, trouble is) experienced in getting the longer cars through the switches. You will see ir Fig. 1, the easiest way to remedy this trouble. A standarc switch is shown alongside one that has been altered by cutting. away part of the curved sectior so that the cars go onto the siding, or wherever the switch leads, without so much curved track. This arrangement is particularly valuable when the curved || portions of two switches .are connected as, for instance, in a cross-over. I have found that switches altered in this manner Fig. 1. A relatively straight switch for high speed train operation, and a standard switch improve the operation of the stachiied | rolling stock to a marked extent. : Now study Fig. 2. You will see that it shows a track layout consisting of two complete rectangles with a double cross- over on each side. Such an arrangement calls for eight switches, and if these all (Continued on page 108) © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. The ni the U vi Reg inthes et wit shell.} plax 6 loss ¢ attract

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY € The new C-H Socket for the UX tubes. Same one iece, double-grip, SIL- eR sapectrseed in the standard C-' et with the ORANGE shell. Heatproof Thermo- plax base. Genuine low- loss construction and attractive appearance. The original radio switch —with thelonglifemecha- nism outlasts the set. Eas to mount, only one ho needed, and adjustable to all panel thickness. Can also be used in new batteryless sets. an ‘ In Radio te il “it’s the little things that count” ‘neath sietabcter \ \ THEN your radio set goes wrong, just as you ers using C-H products are comfortably settled before the fireplace ex- Acme. Apparatus Co. a. pecting to spend a great evening, i it zs annoying. Boisior Had Radio Corporation And ten to one, it’s only some little wire or part Credle Italie Carporation that in itself is insignificant. Really, though, there’s Dictageaph Products Oo. no excuse for such things happening. dense io Be GOOD parts of good material and carefully built nt toma are insurance against such annoyances. The closely youn fun v0- stance wtre ts prevente. om Gilfill: B Inc. Allen T. Hamécomb Cutler-Hammer radio partsareGOOD parts. Both = ee onze Spine hus 1 ° le ° ‘ Howard Radio C. , » theamateurbuilderand theset manufacturercanattest Shed tiieradsoncing or dex e e s . King Bloctric itt ser “that fact. They are designed by radio control experts, “gyre ‘j*horcmi. inane backed by 25 years experience, built of the highest — ack lash; and no sticking. | | Magnus Electric & Radio Co. : ‘ ; While C-H Rheostats are | Malone-Lemmon Laboratories, Quality material and sold ata price you are glad to pay. _ built to engineers” specifica- | Glenn L. Martin Co. : tions, they are designed for . e . 7 ha Lefer Whether you buy or build, insist on C-H radio Me jisg,0f the novice. Tey Philadelphia Storace Bat. Co. parts, for it’s these good little parts that count and ke nodie ¢ Radio Gompak Go. assure constant, efficient service from your set. Self centering in oversize holes R. B. Radio Co. and adjustable to any panel thickness. Robbins Radio Co. Sima Beetre Co THE CUTLER-HAMMER MFG. COMPANY - lex Radio Co. Member Radio Section, Associated Manufacturers Fun omg Co., Inc. of Electrical Supplies Wor Mfg. Co. Zenith Radio Co. MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN CUTLER-HAMMER —atiagdio Parts for Performance," tS] _This seal on a radio or tool advetisement, signifies, the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 re meen mera By Lawrence B. Robbins A LL the real fun of skating is lost if LOC BASLE, FLEAP LER CEIE iO ~ your skates are dull. Worn run- ners mean side slipping, uncertain footing, and consequent loss of speed in racing or during ice games. It behooves the true skating enthusiast, therefore, to keep his skates well sharpened. The sharpening can be done at home with the aid of the few ordinary tools shown in the accompanying photographs. Skates can be filed singly at the bench, as demonstrated in Fig. 1, by clamping the heel in a vise and drawing a good, sharp ‘file at right Five Ways to Give the Runners a Keen Edge angles down the blade. Care must be used, to keep the file flat on the blade. An easier “ATKINS” The Best Gift for Real Men Give“‘him’ anATKINS ; Fig. 3 .(below)—A ; true edge is insured ' by. holding the file in a slotted wood block Fig.1(above)—Sharp- ening a skate with a flat file held at right angles to the blade Fig. 2 (at left)—A safer method for be- ginners is to fasten a pair of skates down and file both at once No. 400 Lifetime Saw this Christmas. The moment he sees the big blue box with its beautiful saw of “Silver Steel’’, he will appreciate your gift. Through years of use he will treasure it because it MUST hold its edge longer and cut faster and easier than any saw he ever knew. YOUR dealer can show you genuine ATKINS Saws. Remember—look * for the ATKINS nameonthe blade! Write for new folder ‘“The Sawinthe Home’’—sentfree. E. C. ATKINS & CO. © Established 1857 Leading Manufacturers of Saws, Saw Tools, Specialties and Machine Knives. INDIANAPOLIS, U.S. A. ia method of filing a pair of skates is shown in Fig. 2. Two blocks of soft wood, over which the heel clamps of the skates can be fastened, are nailed to the workbench. They should hold the skate blades parallel and as close together as possible. A third piece of wood should be placed in front of these to.take the front ends of the skates. : ATKINS “When the skates are clamped securely in ' position, sharpen them with a clean, flat SILVER file. Draw the file over the two runners at aslight angle and work from back to front STEEL of the runners until the edges are keen. Fig. 5—Simple wooden fixture (right) for holding a skate to be hollow ground (as at left) Fig. 4 (above)—It is even possible to file the runners hollow by using around file clamped firm- ly in a hardwood holder A device for sharpening one skate at a time is shown in Fig. 3. It consists of a block of hard wood about 114 in. square and 4 in. long. If no block is handy, screw two 3@in. pieces together. Cut an oblong hole through the side of the block to allow a flat file to be inserted, and below it cut a longitudinal slot to fit over the skate runner. A screw in the top of the block is used to hold the file rigidly in position. Draw the skate through the slot, against the file, or fasten the skate to the bench or in a vise and draw the file over the runner, as shown. (Continued on page 105) IS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS, See page 6. January, growin; earth. from.tl for cur: It is regulat result 1 the w gentle - texture It’s drifts i tains a there’s in the blue-b meet | that in his the fre tapped

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T’S ripening time down South. On gentle hillsides where soil conditions and climatic conditions» are in proper tune with each other, the tobacco—the perfect native cigar- ette tobacco—is ready for harvesting. Under the blazing sun the matured plants have been taking on shape and tint. .The blades have been broadening, growing rich with the strength of the earth. So now workers harvest the crop from.the fields, and bear it to the barns for curing. It is cured slowly by a heat that is regulated to match the weather. The result is such tobacco as no other part of the world yields—strong in_ perfume, gentle in flavor, alluring in color, and in texture like taffeta silk. - * * *F & It’s thawing time up North. The drifts in the valleys of the Green Moun- tains are shrinking. On warm melty days there’s a taste of spring in the air. The first blue-bird is back.to meet the chickadees that have been away and the melody in his red breast makes him forget the frost-bite in his toes. They have tapped the maple trees. The clear sap By Irvin y POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY drips into the pails. In the boiling pots this sweet juice, which is the very essence of the New England groves, is being turned into firm, brown cakes. It hasn’t been dosed with chemicals, nor doctored with flavoring matter or color- ing matter. It hasn’t been cheapened with admixtures of any coarser sweeten- ing. It’s the honest maple syrup, un- adulterated and perfect. * * *& * This year’s maple sugar, with nothing ah bolt asl ie ever bed were "Sweet Caps” IS} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval.of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. added to it and nothing taken away, is brought to where the pick of the tobacco of three years ago or four or five even, has all this time been ageing naturally. It’s vintage tobacco by now. By a process which has had the endorse- ment of smo- kers all over the world for forty- seven years the j : prepared leaf is treatea /delicately with the pure sugar. That practically is all—just a mellowed, harmonious, aromatic, crusty mingling of the two F. F. V’s—the Finest Flavor of Vermont, the Finished Fragrance of Virginia. And you have the Sweet Caporal Cigarette. If Sweet Caporal isn’t the true North-and-South blend, the real Na- tional Brand, what is? P ‘ S27 write an article like this every once in a while. Watch for the next. I have declined prop- ositions to turn out advertisements for various man- ufactured products because I feel I merely would bea hired hand, exploiting this, that or the other thing for so much a word. But I reached for this opportunity. I knew I could put my heart in it—could with sin cerity endorse the article I was praising, Thank you.

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January, 19% An Account of Stewardship Firry years ago Dr. Alexander Graham Bell was busy upon a new invention—the telephone. The first sentence had not been heard; the patent had not been Gled; the demonstration of the telephone at the Centennial Ex- position had not been made. All these noteworthy events were to occur later in the year 1876. But already, at the beginning of the year, the basic principle of the new art had been discovered and Bell’s experiments were approach- ing a successful issue. The inventor of the telephone lived to see the telephone in daily use by millions all over the world and to see thousands of develop- ments from his original discovery. If he had lived to this semi- centennial year, he would have seen over 16,000,000 telephones linked by 40,000,000 miles of wire spanning the American con- tinent and bringing the whole nation within intimate talking distance. He would have seen in the Bell System, which bears his name, perhaps the largest indus- trial organization in the world with nearly $3,000,000,000 worth of public-serving property, owned chiefly by an army of customers and employees. He would have seen developed from the product of his brain a new art, binding together the thoughts and actions of a nation for the welfare of all the people. AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY AND AssocIATED CompANIES an > IN ITS SEMI-CENTENNIAL YEAR WARD TO CONTINUED PROGRESS SYSTEM THE BELL SYSTEM LOOKS FOR- IN TELEPHONE COMMUNICATION $100. in Cash Prizes See Page 4 in front of book fer details y before. 8 Inch Bench Lathe 4 Turns wood and soft metal. Swings 8 in. maximum over bed. Capacity 20 in. between centers. Metal- working model fitted with compound slide rest. Lathe can be fitted with jig saw, circular saw and sand disc attach- ments; 3 in. scroll chuck; 4 in. Jacob’s chuck and arbor for grinding or buffing wheels. single ph. A. C. 1750 1/4 H. P. Motor $11.95 Standard make, new. 1 1/2 in. sia 1/3 H. P. Motor $13.95 Let Boice Help You Build It! He offers you a complete line of time-saving bench machines with higher quality and lower prices than ever Write for 64-page booklet containing helpful information and describing Boice-Crane Bench Circular Saws, 14 inch Band Saw, Jig Saws, Lathes, Drills, Jointers and Mortiser. Junior Saw A speedy accurate machine of all-metal construc- tion. Lv 10 te, x 13 = i, % in. stock; Gedoee in. x % in. ts mouldings . wide. riven by pom 1/4 tol 2 ». P- motor. Portable. At- taches to light socket. Aprashment ete “heii ed 100 cent over- Dept. P. S.1-B. Toledo, Ohio © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. _ See page 6. Ornamental Cutlery Handles Made from Odds and Ends | ie ‘THE winter, when my farm duties give me sufficient leisure, I make orna- mental cutlery of the type illustrated below. Some are made from cold-rolled steel and others from tool steel, heated, hammered out, and dressed with a fine From 65 to 100 washers of contrasting mate- rials form the handles of these unique pieces fileand emery powder. The entire length of the handle end is threaded. The handles are made from thin pieces of various woods, brass, copper, alu- minum, and celluloid of different colors. The first piece is metal and fairly heavy. It is tapped and screwed on. The other pieces, except the one at the very end, are put on like washers. The end piece serves-as a nut to draw the parts together. The handles then are dressed and polished. The number of pieces used range from 65 to 100, depending upon the thickness.—HoracE A. MARWwooD. Washing Photographic Prints Vie the addition of the special stopper illustrated, the bathroom lavatory becomes a satisfactory print- washer. The water containing the hypo is drawn off from the bottom. A wooden plug is made to fit tightly in the drainage hole. A siphon, made from a piece of copper or brass tubing 14 in. in inside diameter, is inserted into the plug. - This con- nection must be water-tight. The siphon is bent so it is not quite the height of the over- flow outlet, and the shorter arm is about 4 in. from the bottom of the basin. A small hole about 1/16 in. is drilled through the siphon at its highest point. When the water is turned on slightly, the basin fills to the level of the hole in the siphon. At that point the action begins. Should the inlet flow exceed the outlet flow, the water merely passes out through the overflow, but if the water is turned off, the action stops. A similar’ but larger device may be employed in a stationary laundry tub for washing quickly and thoroughly blue- prints and other large prints. The special stopper January, D® ( is of 1 a sing or a § a box a beg it is furnit so fa genio used. Bluey

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) . Me... Pe Tl we | = = —- = January, 1926 Blueprint Shows How to Build — Salem Chest ECORATIVE and beautiful as this chest of drawers is, the construction is of the utmost simplicity. There is not a single difficult joint—not even a rabbet or a groove; the case is put together like a box, with butt joints and nails, so that a beginner can build it. In that respect it is unique, for in no other piece cf so far as it is known, has such.an in- geniously simple method of joinery been used. The details are contained in Blueprint No. 39, listed below. Complete List of Blueprints NY one of the blueprints listed ; below can be obtained from POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY for 25 cents. The Editor will be glad to answer any. specific questions rela- tive to tools, material, or equipment. Blueprint Service Dept. Popular Science Monthly 250 Fourth Avenue, New York GENTLEMEN: : Send me the blueprint, or blue- prints, I have underlined below, for which I inclose.............. cents: No. Title Published Price 1. Sewing Table Feb., ’22 25c 2. Smoking Cabinet Mar., ’22 25c 3. End Table Apr., ’22 25c 5. Kitchen Cabinet ay, ’22 25c 8. Shaving Cabinet June, ’22 25c 9. Arbor, Gate, andSeats July, ’22 25c 10. Porch Swing Aug., ’22 25c 11. Bench and Tilt Table Sept.,’22 25c 12.. Electric Washer . Aoct., 232 25c 13. Tea Wagon Nov., ’22 25c 14. Christmas Toys Dec., °22 25c 15. Workshop Bench an., ’23 25c 16. Inlaid Radio Cabinet Feb., ’23 25c 17. Cedar Chest Mar,, ’23 _25c 18. Phone Table and Stool Mar.,’23 25c 19. Grandfather’s Clock Ape.,.°23. 25¢ 20. Flat-Top Desk Apr., ’23 25c 21. Colonial Desk Apr., ’23. 25c 22. Cabinet and Desk Apr., ’23 25c 23. Pergola Garage May, ’23 25c 24. Gateleg Table June, ’23 25c 25. Canoe Sailing Outfit se 23 25c 26. Baby’s Crib and Pen t.,:°23 - @5e 27. Kitchen-Cabinet Table Oct., ’23 25c 28. Pullman Play Table Nov., 23. 25c 29. Toy Tea Cart, etc. Dec., ’°23' 25c 30. Tool Cabinet, etc. Jan., °24 25c 31. Sewing Cabinets Feb., °24 25c 32. Chinese Game Table Mar.,’24 ‘25c 33. Dining Alcove Apr., ’24 25c 34. Garderi Trellises ay, ’°24 25c 35. Simple Radio Cabinet Oct., ’24 25c 36. Rush-Bottom Chair Nov.,’24 25c 37. Simplified Bookcase Dec., ’24 25c 38. Sheraton Table Fan. "25... 25¢ 39. Salem Chest Feb., ’°25 25c 40. Desk in Sheraton Style Mar.,’25 25c 41. One-Tube Radio Set May, '25 25c 42. Three-Stage Amplifier ye 25 25c 43. Four-Tube Receiver uly, ’°25 25c PRM Le snare oasis + bin cs acvbutuer oir ok Cao (Please print) SMM OS. Ce ees ig ae Poet Ga 8 GaSe ea City OEE. RET RES EEN: ; i furniture of equal style and appearance, | POPULAR SGIENCE MONTHLY And then HIS was the second dance in a month, and both times the girls seemed to avoid him. And as he sat alone, hidden by the draperies, he had heard them talk about him. He decided right then what he would do about it! * * A great many men are inclined to have a grimy-looking skin, spot- ted with blackheads and dull in appearance. Few realize that this hinders their success in life. Pom- peian Massage Cream helps you overcome this handicap by giving you a clean, ruddy complexion. * * * Clears the Skin: Pompeian Massage Cream thoroughly cleanses the he knew! pores. It helps clear up blackheads and pimples by stimulating healthy circulation, and by keeping the skin clean and the pores open. Easy to Use: After shaving or wash- ing, rub it in gently. Continue rub- bing and it rolls out, bringing with it all the impurities. Result—a clean, healthy skin with clear, glow- ing color. Special Introductory Offer 14 of 60c jar for 10c. For 10c we send a special Trial Jar containing one-third of regular 60c contents. Contains sufficient Pom- peian Massage Cream to test thor- vughly its wonderful benefits. Positively only one jar to a family on this exceptional offer. YOUR DRUGGIST HAS IT There’s nothing quite so effective as doing the job yourself. Use Pompeian Mas- sage Cream regu- larly at home— then you'll get the full benefit. Qe ccc enan ns cnn sanpiecpascccccccccecsosccccccnecactesseseceursesees conscescccossss The Pompeian Co., Cleveland, O., Dept. 43 Gentlemen: I enclose a dime (10c) for % of a 60c jar of Pompeian Massage Cream. Name Address Lo iz) This t seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. State See page 6.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY at Dhaene ! O hear an Amplion in comparison with any or all other loud speakers is to appre- ciate at once why Amplions are the largest selling radio re- producers throughout the world—favorites of music lovers in all lands. The actual originators and old- est makers of loud speakers, Alfred Graham & Co., Lon- don, England, evolved The Amplion Corporation of Canada, Limi Paris, France; Comp ey and in cAll Tongues mS Amplion. Its superbly life-like reproduction and supreme clarity on all notes give elo- quent testimony to Graham’s more than thirty years’ experi- ence in sound reproduction. Bring out the full musical quality of your set with an Amplion loud speaker or con- sole unit. The prices are $12 to $42.50. Write for the “Am- plion Pedigree” address. erm e E. Hijo, Buenos Ayres; David Wallace & Co., Rio de Janeiro; F. W. Hammond & Company, and dealer's THE AMPLION CORPORATION OF AMERICA © Executive Offices: Suite M 280 Madison Ave., New York City Canadian Distributors: Burndept of Canada, Ltd., Toronto Associated Companies and Agents: pee! Graham & Co., London, England, Runemtess ipagnie Francaise vine | » Toronto; Com: Continentale Amplion, Brussels, Belgium; less (Australasia) , Led. » Beret Melbourne; British General Electric ranches; Indian States pany, Ltd., ency, Bombay and Calcutta; pbs npr » estre & Blatge, okio. _ half-hour to spare, as a test of his ability | stock free of seseeseseReeed WI \ititine ' SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. oa pay $1 $100 to $150. Write for our money-saving plan and 2 Tube Set—$22.50 5 Tube Set—$63.50 © sc - Biggest possibilti ou ever heard of. Dealers—Agents: Hef" plan and tervitory quickly. 3) The Faraway Radio Co. P.O. Box 819, Dept. U 2,Cincinnati, 0. FARAWAY Radio Sets are amazing values at bar- gain prices. Users get stations from New York to Frisco—loud and clear. Operate with either dry cells or storage batteries. Beautiful cabinet finished in mahogany with new feteen finished panel. Earn $12°° a Day! That’s What Kulp of Ohio Averages ‘Largest manufacturer in world se’ direct through agents. Write for BIG a Ys dollar concern just going into the Agency ie. . True-Fit Optical : Evans Bldg.., Sta. C, Dept. T-147,Chicago, Ill. IS) This seal on a radio 9r tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. © Se Could You Whittle a Broom with Your Pocket-Knife? By Herbert I. Childs Fok one who has a keen pocket-knife and knows how to use it, it is no trick at all to whittle a whisk-broom. It is a good project for the whittler to try occasionally, when he has an odd to make clean, thin, slicing cuts, and it makes a neat demonstration by which the home worker can display his vir- tuosity with a penknife. There are so many kinds of wood one may choose that it is difficult to say what kind is best. That used for making the broom illustrated was white birch. Have the knots, about 16 in. in length and sc perhaps Van Gh aR diameter. Allow plenty of room at one end so that you can hold the stock firmly. Start about 6 in. from one end, cutting with the grain. Cut a strip about 8 in. in length, stop- Two stages in making ping about 2 in. wooden whisk-broom from the other end. Cut as many more as you can, going completely around the stick. These you must bend backward and hold against the bottom end of the stick. Then repeat the operation until you have cut ‘enough to make a-broom of the size you wish. The slivers then should be bound tightly against the 2-in. end of the stick. Cut off the handle to suit the fancy and trim the brush end evenly. firme is the third article by Mr. Childs, one of the foremost author- ities on whittling. The first appeared on page 80 of the September, 1925, issue and the second on page 82 of the October, 1925, issue. Splicing a Broken Torque Tube 5 dcr gp working on a portable saw- mill, the torque tube of my Ford truck broke. As no replacement was to be had, I made a temporary job by cutting a piece of 24%-in. pipe about 10 in. long and placing it in the end of the broken tube. Holes were drilled through both tube _ and pipe. A shaft was placed inside the pipe, and pipe and tube were riveted together with rivets made from large spikes. The remaining piece of torque tube was forced over the protruding end of the pipe and riveted solidly in the same way. —OscaR M. ANDFRSON. BREAK IN TORQUE TUBE RIVETS Repair made with pipe and rivets saw pun wit] is re mac blac plac the the give are esp var teri pie dra on par ena enl Th col pai are pro ad che

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January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY F-#| the surface or allowed to project a trifle to Quick Method of Making Inlays By Roy L. Gerding [ests ie homemade furniture ‘gen- erally is considered by the amateur woodworker to be a tedious and some- what difficult job. I have been experi- menting with various methods and have developed an effective way to make in- lays that does not take much time. You will need four or five chisels of special design. These are made from square and hexagonal socket wrenches of different sizes. For 14 in. back the lower edges should be ground or filed to about the thickness of a hacksaw blade. . The edges then should be ground like chisels and honed as keen as possible on an oil- stone. A handle of some sort should be made for these hollow chisels, a simple type being illustrated. The inlays are cut from pieces of wood planed to % in. or less or from scraps of thick veneer, if available. The cutting should be done on a heavy block of wood Hollow chisel made of socket wrench, the chisel handle, and the simplest type of inlay sawed squarely and placed end up. A punch is needed to knock the inlays out. The recesses for the inlays are outlined with the same chisels and the waste wood is removed either with an ordinary chisel, a bent woodearver’s chisel, or a chisel made from a broken hacksaw ~machine blade or an old file. When the inlays have been fastened in place with the best grade of liquid glue, they can be planed and scraped flush with give a relief effect, as in the oVerlays that are now so popular. This method of inlaying is adapted especially to designs of odd or .Oriental variety. A surprising number of pat- terns may be made by combining the pieces cut by different tools. . It is well to draw a few combinations before deciding on the one to use for ornamenting any particular piece of furniture. An Oriental table may be made by enameling the wood jet black and orna- menting it with inlays colored pearl gray, enlivened in places with touches of blue. The blocks are painted with artist’s oil colors, which come in small tubes. The painting should be done before the blocks are inlaid and the colors later given a protective coat of clear varnish. This method of inlaying can be used to advantage on radio cabinets, footstools, chairs, and many similar articles. When y -o-u buy BROWN & SHARPE ‘Tools on Utility alone you are buying for the sam € reason that all classes of mechanics prefer these fine Quality tools the world over ----- because the tools profit the user ‘—>Whether toolmaker, BS TRADE MARK Brown & Sharpe Mfg. Co. Providence, R. I., U. S. A. mechanic, machine operator or motor service man, there are tools in the com- plete Brown @ Sharpe line for every need—tools necessary for the best work If you haven’t acopy of our Small Tool Catalog just ask for one at a we'll send a copy direct. a copy at hand. good tool store - - - or It will profit you to keep “Standard of the Mechanical World’ i r1S} This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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Write for This **How to Build It” Book Fully illustrated throughout with com- plete information on assembling, wiring and operation. 25c ASSOCIATE MANUFACTURERS All-American Radio Corp. Alden Manufacturing Co. Radiall Company (‘“‘Amperites’’) Carter Radio Co. Union Radio Corp. International Resistance Co., Inc. g ‘Durham Resistors’’) Westinghouse Micarta Hammarlund Mfg. Com- pany, Inc. an } a A Qe rrce nam Can, TRANSFORMER This famous instru- ment and other parts shown are some of the famous units used in the Hammarlund-Roberts. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY MHammarlund >. oberts Every Part Designed by a Specialist VERY single unit that goes to make up this remarkable receiver was chosen by a specialist © after months of research. were selected reliable make; The transformers by an engineer familiar with every the condensers by a man who had made a special study ofj condenser constructions and functions. So it was even with the smallest, usually neglected units. From the work of these engineer-designers,! backed by the endorsements of ten famous radio parts manufacturers, comes the Hammarlund-Roberts, a receiver that possibilities. is truly the ultimate in five-tube The equal of a standard eight-tube set, in selectivity and volume—so simple in design and operation that anyone might construct it. Priced amazingly low, the} Hammarlund-Roberts offers the greatest value possible in the radio field today. Complete Parts, less Cabinet, $60.80 dfammarlund °NODerts HAMMARLUND-ROBERTS, 1182-F Broadway, New York City Dials and Sockets (Certer Sottch. and Rheostat Lb ANTES If you = the type of dealer who hustles 2 oS business, who isn’t content to wait for trade to come in but who takes sets out to demonstrate, can talk and sell quality merchandise, and knows- Radio values, we have a big proposition for you. that dealer? 50% Discount to Dealers We manufacture a complete line of high grade receivers and sell to dealers at 50 per cent discount. We are dis- ibutors for more than advertised lines. catalog an: Write toda: for | amazing offers, new a> ogee regular mon my Boe below-the- earker, cay a on gn jetest ena ome a4 —all free. ‘or less. pare re Radio . Mfe. Co. Kansas City, Mo. 1416-18 McGee Street, Dept. B, Kansas Are you 225 Nationally SEND NO MONEY 2 Genuine Diamonds 4 | a Each Cut Stones, No Chips Solid Gold $25 Terms if desired (6 mos. to Pay) Outside U. S. cash with order A 14 kt. White Gold Top. | Gold : Intent ¢ ie) One id'Englnhy Ys Yellow HOPE RUBY Also, in Black Onyx _ Sii'be sent for bapection tle Send for Free Catalog DBIFCASDW Buffalo Jewelry Mfs. Co.. “The Mail Vept. A 501 Washington St. Order House” Buffalo, N. Y. the paper on the your own: home. will do very well. main piece is % by 5 by 20% in. Lay this ona piece of wrapping paper and mark around it. Cut line and fold the piece in two, so that you can lay out an ornament- al curve for the ends. By cutting with the scissors, symmetrical. boring. all parts flush. front door. both ends Also lay out the figures on the paper, choosing a style that can be cut out easily, such as one having the circular terminals, which can be made by Cut out the ends and -figures with a coping or scroll saw. A piece 3% by 11% by 24 in. is cut in half to form the two supports. These are recessed 3 in. deep where the number piece crosses them so that the sign can be nailed together with the outer surfaces of Neat House Nester Sign Is Visible at Night . you are groping your way along a dark street, trying to locate the home of a ‘friend who recently moved. You have no idea how the numbers rin, but suddenly you see a lighted window against which appears.a neat sign. This is cut out so that the light shines through in the form of figures—the very number for which you are looking. > : Seeing the: advantage of such a house number, you may wish to make one for Packing~ box. lumber A good size for the The number sign is hung before a window Give the whole a coat of light paint and hang by means of screweyes and, chain in front of a window, side light, or glazed Many original and attractive variations from the design illustrated are possible.—W. W. WHITE. Realistic Toy Fire Truck Made from Scraps will be \A/ HEELS from an old carpet sweeper, steering gears from a discarded sewing machine, and scraps were utilized in making the toy fire truck illustrated. It is 26 in. long, 8 in. wide, and 8 in. high. It .weighs 20 lbs. and will support a weight up to 300 lbs. tools used were a post drill, files, and a hacksaw.—WaARREN D. Paris. The metal-working © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE oF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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January, 1926

Home Workshop Graceful Turned Stand for a Jardiniere By William J. Edmonds, Jr.

|. An ornamental plant stand, the round pedeStal of which is built up of eight staves CONT Baars to the first impression | conveyed by the accompanying photo- graph, the construction of this plant stand is not beyond the ability of the | average amateur woodworker who has | access to a lathe. The column is built up of eight seg- ments, as shown in the drawing. These | are made slightly longer than the dimen- | sions given and are glued up edge to edge | to form an octagon. After the glue has | hardened, this column is made circular

-

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One of the staves and a section shéwing the construction and profile of the pedestal in shape with drawknife and plane. Two octagonal plugs are fitted into each end so that the pedestal may be placed in a lathe and turned to the shape indicated. (Continued on page 90)

Hear ALL the Music with the Bradley-Amplifier

| ‘This seal on a radio or t POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 89

HE delicate variations and shadings of instrumental music and the exquisite strains of the vocalist, are amplified with faithfulness and clarity ty the Bradley- Amplifier. It matters not whether you own a factory-built set or a home-built re- ceiver, either will be improved ses using the Bradley-Amplifier. , Bradleyunit resistors, that are impervious -to moisture and unaffected by atmospheric changes, take the place of the audio-fre- quency transformers of ordinary amplifiers. There is no distortion and no loss of low or high frequencies. All tones are repro- duced with equal facility. As a result, the low notes of the piano are greatly improved and the high notes are not choked or dis- torted into a metallic sound. With a good loud speaker, the Bradley-Amplifier pro- duces a marked improvement in tone quality. Ask your dealer for the Bradley-Amplifier today, and substitute it for your present audio-frequency amplifying transformers. Resistance coupled amplifiersare acknowl- edged by radio experts to be the most per- fect type of amplifier. You can make your set perfect with a Bradley- Amplifier. Retail Prices: In Canada, $21.00 In U.S. A., $15.00 . -

‘advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. ¥, a ee 4 EAS

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ity ao A. guarantee of satisfaction end Lacaule design ULTRA-VERNIER, TUNING CONTROL Simplifies radio tuning. Pencil record a station on the dial—thereafter, sim- ply turn the finder to your pencil mark and you et that station instantly. asy — quick to mount. Eliminates fumbling, guessing. A single ver- nier contro], gear ratio 20 to 1. Furnished clock wise or anti-clockwise in gold or silver fini Silver, $2.50 Gold, $3.50 PHENIX RADIO CORP., 114A E. 25th Street, NEW YORK i SU = = Quid: oy. Ulera- POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY | du R 7 LOWLOS positive funing Speed—ability to turn directly to any station, to tune-in instantly and get your station without interference from broadcasting on ‘similar wave- lengths—is the outstanding feature of the Ultra- Lowloss Condenser. With one station of known wavelength located on the dial, all others can be found instantly. Special design of Cutlass stator plates distributes stations evenly over the dial—each degree on a 100 degree dial represents approximately 314 meters difference in wavelength. In addition, losses common in other condensers are reduced in the Ultra-Lowloss to a minimum by use of only one small strip of insulation, by the small amount of high resistance metal in the field and frame, and by a special monoblock mounting of fixed and movable: plates. Designed by R. E. Lacault, E.F., originator of the famous Ultradyne receiver and Ultra-Vernier tuning controls. At your dealer's; otherwise send purchase price and you will be supplied postpaid. ULTRA-LOWLOSS CONDENSER the modern home. An improved “smoke geo Your Friends With SH itsuttetes bate -e The Write secret letters with invisible SO UeE epetial cones coi ee 4 B ink; pour blue, brown and black own locality. The work is pleasant and ou’ 5 liquid from a glass of water; make a th Pay is exceptionally large. No previous experience hem Bo k | magic pitcher of bluing; make your is required, as all that is necessary is a willing- | own magic writing paper, your own hess on your part to out our instructions. ink and dyes. It’s citensy. if you have If are at Dp t we can use Ciremorait Junior—the pocket Chemi- gh md in oo tak Will not interfere at. — cal outfit. cet yours now. Order spare PR ew well for Pre] cais| SRST em aria Core flee Gees cee a eet ee cake of axperhinsien formulae v interesting chemi- you are making less than $150 a month, the on formation i" offer I am going to make Will appeal to you. Your oney - making BOTH ; spase time Will pay Jou Salt — rome Sees tome wile catslog of supplies. bring you in a income, Ra Tha SORTER Its costs nothing to investigate, ‘Write me today ea OTe) || cremcar co. and il send, you full perdielars by return SR | 15 Wastncn s can decide for yourselh CHEMICAL OUTFIT agerstown, Md. ALBERT MILLS, Gen, ce 25 cen a rh A Tt tar Kitchen Ceiling Vent Carries Off Fumes of Cooking A VENT above the gas range for draw- ing off steam, smoke, and cooking | odors has come to be a real necessity in catcher” for a bungalow or any house where the space above the stove corner of the kitchen is not otherwise utilized, may be constructed as shown below. The ceiling joists above the kitchen chimney. flue are cut away to make a square opening about 4 by 4 ft. The loose ends are braced with a header. A vent box 8 by 8 in. is placed 8 in. higher than the top of the ceiling joists. Con- t 4'-0"% 4-0% ——— VENT wes U ew ! Diagram showing the general arrangement of the ceiling vent and a cross section necting braces of ‘‘two by fours” are run from each corner of the vent box to the plate. These support the vent and carry the lathing. Additional braces may be used if desired. The recessed portion then is lathed and plastered or finished with wallboard like the ceiling. Nail screen wire over the vent box from above and connect it, at any desired angle, with a galvanized iron roof vent by means of another box of rough lumber 8 by 8 in. As the ceiling vent is placed at the highest point above the stove, the greasy smoke and fumes pass upward through the screen and then through the box to the roof.— A. May Houapay. Graceful Turned Plant Stand (Continued from page 89) Note that there isa tenon on each end. Instead of turning the column with straight sides, it has a slight. swell from the base to about two-fifths the height, where it begins to curve in toward the top. This gentle curve is to overcome the optical illusion of slight concavity that a straight-line profile would have. The remainder of the construction requires no explanation, excepting that a long %-in. bolt or a rod threaded at both ends passes through the center of the different pieces and when Habtened keeps all in place. The pedestal may be finished as the taste of the builder dictates, prefere@bly with varnish or wax. = | @ This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. _ See page 6. bright paper handk magic wand, disap The wand, The he

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January; 1926 pine Workshop New Handkerchief Vanishing Trick By Kenneth B. Murray How the ‘handkerchief is stamped into the cone, and the “vanish” as the performer sees it OF THE many methods for vanishing a handkerchief, the one pictured above is perhaps the easiest for the amateur to master and, at the same time, it is one of the most spectacular. A small silk handkerchief, preferably bright red, is placed in an unprepared paper cone. The magician stamps the handkerchief into the cone with his magic wand and, as he withdraws the wand, shows that the handkerchief has disappeared. The secret lies in the construction of the wand, which is hollow. In the wand is a (Continued on page 92) The hook and thread drawn out from the wand - te. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY SARGENT PLANES Sargent Steel Block Plane No. 5206 Sargent Auto-Set Bench Plane No. 714 Be sure the planes you buy come up to Sargent standards You may never have to put your plane to the tests that most car- penters give theirs. Neverthe- less you want your work to have the finish that only the best of planes can give. The same quali- ties that make Sargent Planes the choice of carpenters should govern your selection. Sargent Construction: Wear- resisting materials are used throughout. Chromium steel is used for the cutters—an un- usually tough metal that takes a ‘keen edge and holds it. Sargent Performance: Absolute rigidity of cutter, even across and against the grain or over knotty surfaces. Adjustments quickly and easily made. In the Sargent Auto-Set (the larger plane illus- trated) the cutter can be removed, sharpened and replaced without changing original adjustment. Sargent Economy: Sargent Planes are moderate in cost and prove a real economy by improv- ; ing work and saving time. Sel- dom if ever do they need repair or replacement. The two Sargent Planes shown : here should be in every home and school workshop. See them at your dealer’s. Write for booklet. SARGENT & COMPANY, Manufacturers 50 Water Street New Haven, Conn. Opportunities on pages 120 Make More Money oovssiie: ss _ AT FACTORY PRICES —This t Knife $1.18 zostaid > Read the Money Making wa razor steel and warran Sample $1.18 3 for $3.00 Postpaid _ Send for our 100-page List and “HOW TO USE A RAZOR" SO + MOA St, Toledo, Ohio

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY The handiest tool on the ETE / /Saves _./ ~mone ~muscle minutes HOME AND FARM SAW Repairs to be made—odd jobs to be done—that is the call of Spring. So Spring calls for Simonds Home and Farm Saw with teeth that bite their way smoothly and easily through the toughest board. In the Home and Farm Saw, Simonds has produced a cutting tool worthy of the name. Confin- ing manufacture to one size— 24 inches long—Simonds is able to offer the Home and Farm Saw at $2.00—a price that is actually less than you thought you would haveto pay for anor- dinary saw. Ask your hardware dealer about this saw. today. SIMONDS SAW & STEEL COMPANY Fitchburg, Mass. “The Saw Makers” Established 1832 Branch Stores and ServiceShops in Principal Cities _ SIMONDS Pronounced SAWS FILES KNIVES STEEL : Riding an Ice Chair Is Novel Sport for Skating Parties VV BEN the ice is thick enough for skating, you can have a lot of sport stool with runners to form a skater’s chair. The runners, which are strap iron or even wood, are bolted to the legs of the chair. The occupant of the chair sits with his or her skates directly in front and must grip the chair firmly so as to present a stiff back to the one who is pushing from behind. When not in use on the pond, the chair can be used near the edge by those who wish to rest or remove their skates.—G. EVERETT VAN HORN. Handkerchief Vanishing Trick (Continued from page 91) small hook tied to a %%-in. length of pencil. To this hook is fastened a strong black silk thread, which runs through the wand and is tied to a black button on the magician’s vest. The hook lies near the end of the wand that is used to stamp the handkerchief in the cone. During the stamping process the handkerchief is caught by the hook and then it is drawn into the wand by a movement that carries the wand away from the body. This movement, while appearing perfectly natural to the audience, causes the thread to pull the hook from one to the other end of the wand and draws the handkerchief out of sight. The black thread cannot be seen at a distance by the~audience. The clothes of the performer, of course, should be dark in color. After the “vanish,” place the wand with its contents in the inside coat pocket, at the same time attracting the attention of the spectators to the. paper cone, which they should be asked to examine. If they wish to see the wand, hold the handkerchief and hook by the thread and draw out the empty wand. The wand is prepared by rolling a sheet of heavy typewriter paper around a pencil, gluing the edge, and coloring the tips with waterproof black t. The short piece of pencil with acl chief hook aE: fit niin by equipping a common folding camp- January, 19% “Ger the New MATCHED AERO COILS SEWER ACEIVIT'S a08 DISTANCE mae moto getertigg an muuch ee oe powerful by replacing TREE wr == and tune argu | in DX with tremendous leud strong bring AT YOUR DEALERS. OR DIRECT ae perative Kic... 88 -00 ave ~ Reta iit £00 ® ¥ arg ara? Cot "550 Write for the Aero Booklet AERO PRODUCTS, Inc. 217 N. peagenss Street, CHICAGO All-Fuel Engine % Te 10 BP. The @ne-Profit Engine. Sold Direct From Factory To You. Easy Terms on bestengine built. Burns Kerosene, Distillate, Gas-Oil, Gasolineor Gas, power at by uipe with the famous WICO Mag- ne power regulator and throttling governor. 2 to 25 horsepower — ALL STYLES. FREE = today for my Big Engine Sent free ann obligation on yout pest. on if ptbmrmnten ask for our Log Tree Saw, $-in-1 Saw Rig or Pump Ca WITTE ENGINE WO 2227 Witte Building, KANSAS CITY, MO. 2227 Empire Building, PITTSBURGH, PA. is} . This seal on a radio c Boe a A r pprot : ’ = isen pnifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF psible © LOOP AERIALS Popular Prices—Remarkable Results No better eee ope 99 any pie. Doe Quantity A iy LINGOLN & “POINT TAPPED | > LOOP. eee 7 circuitwhere esired to Guctance of Chatoep. Exceptionally fine fine for Superhets. LINCOLN oh acenter bie ve For certain dee saa Waa sets gaat "WADE BENCH LATHE for If yous . Only brings complete H Easy ly pay me OBART Bl BROS. CO., Box P 126, Foor, Ohio. | MONEY MAKING SERVICE Susr| Le ~ ONLY 35 This SEANDARDS. See vel cre of bes the fric cal it she

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January, 1926 | POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Lae |0 wae Wo rk Shop the AMSCO Discarded Cream Separator ALLOCATING Converted into Forge CONDENSER [% THE junk pile there is often some discardéd machine that can be con- verted into a forge. In this case an old cream separator was used. A fan was made and mounted in place of the bowl, with a bicycle hub for ball bearings. The axle was connected with the high speed shaft and, as there is a friction elutch in the machine, the handle can be worked as a lever without turning it all the way around. On the crank handle shaft is mounted a rope ee es ee IT SAVES SPACE! This straight line frequency condenser is a space-saver in the radio cabinet ... It can usually be substituted for the old time conden- sers in existing sets . .. Once installed, it revolutionizes your ideas about tuning ...Those Amsco half-a-heart-shaped plates add Kilocycles at the rate of ten to each dial divis- ion—giving “a station for every degree”... All wave- lengths— high or low on the scale—tune in with Winding up a counterweight keeps the blow- er running for some time drum. The rope, which is carried from equal ease ... Amsco allocation of the sta- the oe ope a ome no high uP, tions is uniform and correct to within a is tied to a large p with concrete. . : The crank can be ‘turned backward to fraction of 1% -.. Insist on sa wind the weight up and the weight then Allocating Condensers e+. Made keeps the forge running for a time while in six space-saving models, three ron ae eine. Meaated out. Single and three Siamese, at e speed of the fan can be regulated ices. by the weight. The upper air intake on © very reasonable pr the fan case helps carry away the smoke. Amsco et Ta Inc., The tuyere iron for the fire pan is made Broome & Lafayette Sts. from a 2-in. well pive driving cap, crown New York, N. Y. side up, with a bolt set in it as a shaking handle. Four 14-in. holes were drilled in it to admit the air.—A. C. BRUNDAGE. Canvas-Covered Frames Form OTHER AMSCO PARTS ane eo Write for our booklet, “The Heart of the Hook-up” for full details and prices FTER. re- of the entire Amsco line. Amsco for finishing a Excel breakfast room ae through the A Di We OE ON VAD stones to find « Se itn ae that would har- Made of steel and indestructable. Million dollar capa- city. Fitsin pocket. Will not make mistakes. So simple child can oper- ate it. Eve: monize with the furniture and at city aa tog length built a figuring. screen of my own design. The frames are made of 1 by 2in. TRG dents ‘ a finished white pine, butt jointed, with ee « tng, orchectsen oc GHesiE steel angle clips inside each corner. These ‘ Og ag Sa | SoDITION are eovered with light canvas—muslin will do—sewn like a bag on a sewing ma- (Continued on page 94) Send No Money—Just name address. hoes « ship Calculator oy Tr q PRBD: Hind WR nasi on a radic eshte 9

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94 Famous since 1819 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY . ~ January, 1926 PExTo SNIPS & OU will find it a pleasure | to work with Pexto Tools. They are made from highest grade materials, parts that re- quire strength are drop forged, cutting edges are of best tool steel properly heat treated, parts that are liable to wear are hard- ened, in fact, all branches of our manufacturing and selection of materials are carried on scien- tifically and each and every tool is carefully inspected before be- ing packed for shipment. The line consists of Bit Braces, Auger ‘Bits, Squares, Chisels; Hammers, Hatchets, Pliers, Monkey and_ Pipe Wrenches, Angle Wrenches, Screw Drivers, Snips, Compasses, Pruning Shears,.. Dividers, Calipers, - Pincers, Soldering Coppers and many ~other small tools, The Peck, Stow & Wilcox Co. Southington, Conn., U.S. A. Worth While TOOLS Complial Labyrinth Puzzle Can Be Constructed Easily - agndahanr dee: puzzles petual fascination, expecially when they depart from the conventional and exert a per- familiar designs. In the puzzle illus- trated, a marble is inserted through a hole } in the celluloid cover and rolled around the corridors until it reaches the center, when it can be removed. The problem is apparently an easy one to solve as there ee ee ee ee ee oe i ’ o-oo - -- rn rr ee ee METAL WALLS PASSAGES Only one opening in each division is large enough to allow the marble to pass are numerous openings, but the marble will pass through only certain ones. The base is wood, % by 12 by 12 in. It is bordered with strips 4 by % in., to which the celluloid is to be fastened. The divisions are made of thin metal as shown, and are tacked in place. While each has four or more openings, only one gap is wide enough to allow the marble to pass. The others are a trifle too nar- row, the difference of a hair’s breadth being sufficient. It should be so slight that it cannot be noticed by the player. When the openings have been tested, the cover is cemented and screwed or tacked in place.—DONALD W. CLARK. A Decorative Screen (Continued from page 93) chine. Each of the covers must be of a size to slip over the frame tightly. The open end then is lapped under neatly and tacked in place. — The eanvas is coated with size com- posed of 1 Ib. of glue and-8 qts. of water. As many coats are applied as°are -neces- sary to pull the fabric taut. The entire surface of the panels Shen's is given two coats of light gray waterproof enamel. The edges are bound with %-in. gimp fastened with upholstery nails. De- signs are stenciled on oneside with oil-tube colors to match the other furniture, The panels are fastened together with double-jointed brass screen hingés, which allow the screen to be folded in either direction.—J. F. HARDECKER, _ BARGAINS In Rebuilt MOTORS ment $800 each F.0.B. 1/6 and 1/4 HP. A.C.& D.C. 110 Volt These motors have been taken in trade and thorough- ly rebuilt in our own _Many Standard Makes These motors are ideal for lathes, uwws, small drills, household machines, cream separators, venti- Every motor guaranteed to t satisfaction or money refunded (less laue geen “Send cash with order. Complete line of new motors. Prices on all types on request. NORTHWESTERN ELECTRIC CO. 410-420 S. Hoyne Ave., Dept. 2, Chicago, Illinois CARTER New “Flat” Plug {Pat. Pend.} New original Carter design. Fits flush against panel. Cord hangs down. Cord tips quickly and easily attached or detached. No push buttons, trick triggers or springs. Positive, simple. Im- proves appearance of any set. Any dealer can supply. In Canade—Carter Radio Co., Limited, Toronto -WANTE Men to manufacture Metal Toys and Novel- ties. Good chance to start fi your own well-paying @f business producing such “Sil big sellers as Toys, Novelties, Ash Taste Rooks bimeke. Souvenirs, Advertising Specialties, Paper Weights, etc. We furnish forms with complete outfit for speedy production. Abso- lutely no experience of tools necessary; no special place needed. Small investment puts you on road to success, Demand exceeds supply and we assist and co-operate with our manufacturers in selling their products. We put you in touch with the buyers and assure an outlet for your goods. Strictly a business proposition and thorough investigation invited. A splendid opportunity for an enormous and profitable business for ambitious men. .. No others need apply. Catalog and information mailed a oo METAL CAST PRODUCTS O. 1696 Es: Road York +28 a ry oe E OF STANDARDS. ‘Sex

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January, 1926 Gumption with Tools (Continued from page 7 1) auger, and a saw, and he could make a river raft, a corduroy road, post-and-rail fence, a barn, a hen coop, a pig sty, a dog house, a church, a fort, or a village, and these structures would be more sub- stantial than similar structures of today. But, to these three tools the men of yesterday added that great quality that is produced by the frontier and has enabled us to bore through mountains, to bridge over chasms, to go under and over rivers, to build the Panama Canal, to manufac- ture and operate steam engines, automo- biles, flying machines, steam craft, sailing craft. Without it every invention of to- day and all the tools in the world are so much rubbish. That quality, that attri- bute of the mind, is GUMPTION. [t3 gumption that made the Yankee notions famous; it’s gumption that is absolutely necessary for a plainsman, a mountain man, a pioneer, a backwoods- | man. He must possess it or die. It is the absence of gumption that makes | what we call a “chump” or a “boob,” a “duffer,”’ a “doodle,” a “‘dizzard,”’ a “‘nod- dy,” ‘“dunder addle,”’ or a “mollycoddle,”’ according to the part of the country in | which we live. The Huck Finns, the Tom Sawyers of the river bottoms, the street gamins of the city, all have gumption. The old-time workmen possessed a phenomenal amount | of gumption, but it seems to be sadly | lacking today. While sitting around the blazing logs of a camp fire in the mountains one winter night in company with Frederick K. Vree- land, electrical and consulting engineer, Col. David Abercrombie, the famous out- fitter, Edmund Seymour, the banker and former ranchman, and other boon com- panions, some one noticed a lump, wart, or bunion, so to speak, on a white oak cordwood stick, which was about to be put in the fire. Such protuberances are known as “burls.”’ HIS burl was removed from the stick of wood by means of the camp axe. After that it was passed from hand to hand and modeled until it took the form of a drinking cup, or “noggin.” Dry oak wood is exceedingly hard and difficult to cut. These men, therefore, soon tired of using their hunting knives and searched for some better sort of a burl. There were no tools where we were camped, but one of the party found a rusty blade of a file near the site of an old barn. The end of the file was thrust into the hot coals and kept there until the metal was red hot; it was then ham- mered and its end made into the form of a hook. After this it was retempered by dipping the hot iron into water; then the edges were sharpened on a stone. With this hand-made tool these wilder- ness men gouged out the inside of the burl So neatly that in some places one may see the light when it is held up to the sun. Continues om page 96) POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY A Tungar keeps The Tungar is a G-E product, developed in the Research Labora- tories of General Elec- tric, The new Tungar char- ges any make and size of storage battery: ra- dio “A” and auto bat- teries, and “B” batter- ies as high as 96 volts in series. East of Rockies Two ampere size $18.00 Five ampere size $28.00: 60 cycles . . 110 volts your radio batteries - always peppy~ © An overnight charge with a Tungar costs about a nickel. It peps up both “A” and “B” batteries and keeps your radio set at its full-toned best. Tungar — the original bulb charger — is noiseless. It contains no substance which could spoil furnishings. Just clip it to your set and plug it into the house current. It can’t blow out Radiotrons if the battery is left hooked to the set while charging. Use a Tungar—the charger that needs no attention. Tungar—a registered trademark—is found only on the genuine. Look for it on the name plate. Merchandise Division General Electric Company, Bridgeport, Conn. GENERAL ELECTRIC tool with which to dig out the inside of the | Tool Cases for Machinists, Car- nters and Tool akers; none better; thirty styles. Quarter- ed oak and metal cov- ered. Ask for booklet. **Built for Service’’ The Pilliod Lumber Co., Swanton, Obie BORN is a Eh) ars it wil i ngtanty a, The Midget “Fiee-in-One™” Stide Rule ion Mannh: ain, Pol: coivpet- ubtract, multiply and di bination ‘ of i a nbers, fractions decimals. Gives ‘ y Sy Bene ee ce Sines JUST OUT! GREEN, RED. SELLS FOR z 2. SAMPLE 6ic 3 vas. in bakes eee op dS if you do noi think it is the F. SPORS & CO., 198 4th Street, © i ren crnsnloeptsegi ug A ya ae maa cm dae amma See page 6. ever = with, Finished Self-Filling Lh eer soe Pens. Ideal Xmas Gift, Comes in — Box. Guaranteed for 2 Years. for wholesale quantity price list pont Pa necdes plans. . Lesueur Center, Minn.

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| TRIMO Has 4 Points Of Superiority 1. The TRIMO PIPE WRENCH has an insert jaw in the handle which can be replaced for a few cents when years of ser- vice wear it out. Here is an economic feature not found in any other make of wrench. 2. NUT GUARDS on the TRIMO keep this rugged tool in perfect adjustment, a great con- venience especially when working in close quarters. 3. TRIMO has a Steel Frame that WILL NOT BREAK, insuring great strength and your per- sonal safety. 4. TRIMO is expertly designed which makes for better balance, better work, longer life. These are all FACTS—not mere claims, but tangible things that you can see with your own eyes by inspecting the TRIMO at any mill, oil, plumbing-supply _ or hardware store. In eight STEEL handle sizes from 6 to 48 inches; in four WOOD handle sizes 6, 8 10 and 14 inches, TRIMONT MEG. CO. ROXBURY, MASS. America’s Leading Wrench Makers for Nearly Forty Years. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY sia os Gumption with Tools (Continued from page 95) The noggin or drinking cup above de- scribed hangs by a thong from my belt on all my hunting and fishing excursions. It is beautifully polished and it has traveled with me from Florida almost to Hudson Bay, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific. It is the most serviceable and convenient: personal drinking cup I ever possessed and the only tools used in making it were an axe, a hunting knife, and an old rusty file, but with these tools was mixed that wonderful ingredient called gumption. Among the arms hanging on my studio wall are two great knives almost as large as a machete, which my brother picked up on the battle field of Fort Donaldson. These knives were used by the Con- federate soldiers and were homemade affairs fashioned from big rasp files. For gumption and ingenuity in making emergency tools, I believe that displayed by Colonel Rose of the Seventy-Seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers was the most notable, when he planned and conducted the digging of the famous Libby Prison tunnel during the Civil War. No tools were used, but spoons, old table knives, and a bit of hoop iron. N FRONT of Vicksburg during its siege the U. S. Engineers were ordered by Grant to bridge a bayou. They set to work in a masterful and sciéntific manner, but— Well, the backwoodsmen of the Thirtieth Missouri Volunteers being idle, asked permission to try their hands at building a bridge. When permission was granted, one man swam across the sluggish current in the bayou and cut down a tree on its banks, at the same time another stalwart backwoodsman was making the chips fly from a tree at his side... The two trees fell, their spreading branches interlacing in the waters of the bayou. Then all the Thirtieth men got busy dragging branches and brush with which they covered the two trees. On top of this they heaped sods and dirt. The U. S. Engineers ceased work’ on their bridge and gladly helped the brawny frontiersmen. In a remarkably short time there was a good road across the bayou underneath which the water slowly flowed through the branches of the fallen trees and over which the troops and artillery passed in safety and comfort. chee Andy Hickenlooper built a pontoon bridge across the Tennessee River of cotton bales and a few boards from the ruins of a cotton gin. After taking a course of civil engi- neering and surveying at Worrals Acade- my in Kentucky, it was my good for- tune to get a position under General Hick- enlooper. While eating lunch at Bold Face Creek, in the southwestern division of the topographical survey of what after- ward became greater Cincinnati, the Gen- eral told me about that pontoon bridge. General. Grant ordered..a_ bridge (Continued on page 97) January, 19% When y Shavin bu SCHLESS “Clit Will r ¢ Som Olowe| WHITING-ADAMS | ree Aee ee aving Brushes are pd Badger Hair only, he usiness e wit ese = ° one , Carries a copious ped gohena tc bed uit . Naturally t iz, Naturally the beisties _ Every hair is permanently : _' tabedded tn bard rubber VULCAN RUBBER ~~ “CEMENTED WHITING-ADAMS BOSTON —— ve — _ FOR CLEAR, QUIET “B” POWER RADIO “a Storage “B” Battery © 32 9sne Lasts Indefinitely—Pays for Itself Economy performance unheard of before. Recharged at a negii- ee ieee fendi Radke kubreoe ahr Tob, Cotar, Ine end other fepoctant ‘inatitations with Soa Wat ae cea eng 2 eae SEND NO MONEY 22% site, wewitipie day one is received. Extra offer: 4 ba ap papety ALS, » Eay with rer Mall voor order new! y suhus eee: 1219 So. abash A " Se Prices: Srvolly 109 Amp. fi tte . ia'gpr ile World ee YS Write for Catalogue 214 fs CHICAGO STOCK. GEAR. WORKS 105 South Jefferson Street Chicago Getting Ahead? Read the advertisements on Pages 120 to 150 this issue if you want,to get ahead! sine he |] hea shat and was chal abil han of f can han fore and that This valu mea sions it fashi

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January, 1926 va i coat onenancte : Gumption with Tools (Continued from page 96) built. General Hickenlooper asked for a regiment of soldiers; they were given to him... He made a raid upon some contraband cotton concealed in the back country, and built a bridge as described, but he told me that when the artillery went over that bridge his heart was in his mouth. Each cotton bale, as. a gun carriage struck it, disappeared under water and popped up again behind the passing caisson. This happened with every gun that passed over the bridge. Nevertheless, the structure held together and the troops and artillery crossed in safety, although they did not make a dry passage. T= Daniel Boones of our early history frequently lost the lockpins and screws that held their flintlocks on their rifles; the locks then were bound on with green rawhide. When this dried, the parts were held together tighter and safer than any screw or pins could make them; also they were repaired easily. I have one such rifle now beside me. : I also have at hand an air gun made by ajanitor. The barrel is a brass tube from some piece of machinery. It is a wonder- ful invention. Without reloading, it will shoot 50 or 60 times with great force and precision. The pump to it is worked so | easily that a little child can operate the gun without undue expenditure of effort. Every. part of the gun is made of such fragments as can be found in a workshop, yet it is a better air gun than any I have ever seen. Recently I offered a badge of dis- tinction to any of my scouts who could go into the woods, make his. own tools, and with them fashion a practical Indian arrow from the material found in the wood. Out of several hundred thou- sand scouts, one smashed a flinty stone against another stone, used a fragment for a knife, split and whittled out the arrow shaft, and then with the broken handle of a toothbrush, which he found in the path, he chipped a flint arrowhead. With a sinew from the body of a small mammal he had killed, he. bound the flint arrow head to the shaft. He feathered the shaft with feathers found in the woods and glued them on with the gum of trees. Alongside of this boy, Robinson Crusoe was a veritable tenderfoot, a ‘‘Chee- chako.”’ It is this indomitable will and ability to make use of the material at hand that we are inculcating in the minds of the Boy Scouts of today. Now the lesson taught us by these ex- amples is, that with gumption a man can make almost anything, using only hand-made tools. It is the primitive, forceful quality of human mind. backed and strengthened by modern education that produces our Fords and Edisons. This quality of mind is one of the most valuable assets we Americans possess. It means success in business, in ‘the profes- sions, in statesmanship and science, and it can be summed up in the good old fashioned word, GUMPTION. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Slide Caliper Rule A useful tool for close meas- urements. For especially-fine adjustments, the final move- ment of the thumb slide is made by turning the knurled adjusting nut. Reversing the slide, the tool can be used asastop rule. Remov- ing the slide provides a nar- row hook rule. The tem- ed steel rule is 6 inches ong, 34 inch wide, 1/20 inch thick, with either No. 10 or metric graduation. Packed one in a pasteboard box, weight 2 ounces. Price $3.50. Slide “Caliper Rule, No. 1771, without the fine screw adjustment, Price $2.50. Save money, time, trouble The amount of effort and expense involved in repairs and replace- ments around the house— the car—the radio — often depends on the accuracy of your measurements. Hiair-line precision on close work, a snug fit for all parts you buy —such as gaskets, petcocks, washers, bolts, nuts, screws, keys, and pins — absolute accuracy of every measurement for which a caliper slide rule and a trammel rule can be used, is insured by these two vest-pocket-size tools. These good tools will be mailed guaranteed, postage-paid, to any point in the United States on receipt of the price. GOODELL PRATT COMPANY, Greenfield, Mass., U. S. A. Trammel Rule A compact, handy tram-. mel for all. measurements within the capacity of the steel rule which forms the beam. The hardened steel points can be set directly from the graduations on the steel rule. When describing circles the point at the left, with the ae top, is used as the center, and the point at the right the scriber. The tempered steel rule is 6 inches long, 34 inch wide and 1/20 inch thick, with either No. 10 or metric graduation. Packed one in a pasteboard box, weight Price $2.50. 172 ounces. — GOODELL-PRAT 1500 GOOD TOOLS —¥ eee eee

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98 “More precious than e 99 7 rubies’ —seems this smoking tobacco Old smokers of Edgeworth delight in their friendly rivalries for length of attachment to their favorite brand, and for total poundage incinerated in their trusty pipes. Mr. Dugan inaugurates another sort of competition—a sort of Long-Distance- Wait Contest. For this loyal Edge- worthian orders his favorite tobacco in May, and then goes on forage rations until August, rather than twist his to- bacco taste to accommodate native varieties. Read Mr. Dugan’s letter and be thank- ful you’re where you are! Philippine Islands Larus & Bro. Co., Richmond, Va. Dear Sirs:—Enclosed please find money- order for $4.65, for which please send me the following: 1—16 oz. glass jar Ready Rubbed; 1—$1.50 can Qboid; 1—$1.50 can Plug Slice. Until recently I have been able to get Edgeworth from a dealer near here, but for the last month he has been “out,” and I have been smoking native cigarettes and other so-called tobacco. I realize that it will be three months or so before I hear from this, but I know I'll get it sure by sending direct to you, you won’t be “‘just out.”” In the meantime I may be able to scare up alittle here and there. It’s gy 4 hard to “bum” any Edgeworth from friends in this part of the world. They'd just about as soon sive you the key to their safety deposit boxes as they would to the “Old tobacco box”’ where they keep their Edgeworth. I don’t blame them; it’s mighty hard to get, and it’s terribly hard to go without. I know how the baby felt about the soap now: I won’t be happy till I get my’ Edgeworth. Yours, almost tearfully, C. P. Dugan, Let us send you free samples of Edgeworth so that you may put it to the pipe test. If you like the samples, you'll like Edgeworth wherever and whenever you buy it, for it never changes in quality. Write your name and address to Larus & Brother Com- pany, 10M South 21st Street, Richmond, Va. We'll be grateful for the name and ad- dress of your tobacco dealer, too, if you care to add them. Edgeworth is sold in various sizes to suit the needs and means of all purchasers. Both Edgeworth Plug Slice and Edgeworth Ready-Rubbed are packed in small, pocket size packages, in handsome humidors hold- ing a pound, and also in several handy in- between sizes. To Retail Tobacco Merchants: If your wer cannot supply you with Edgeworth, rus & Brother Company will gladly send you prepaid by parcel post a one- or two- dozen carton of any size of Edgeworth Plug Slice or Edgeworth Ready-Rubbed for the same price you would pay the jobber. \ 1 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 Finishing an By Edwin M. Love © This is the fifth of a series of articles ‘telling how to convert an unfinished at- tic into a comfortable room. Whether or not you wish to undertake a job of this kind, you will find invaluable the articles. ECAUSE of its comparative cheap- ness and the ease with which it can be applied, wallboard is especially adapted for use by the home mechanic in lining an attic room. Much wallboard is applied over frame walls just as erected, but. to avoid humps to test the studs with a straightedge for straightness and alinement. Irregulari- ties may be planed out or shimmed, according to their nature. At all angles and corners, blocks must be nailed between the rafters, ceiling joints, or studding, as may be necessary to carry the edges of the wallboard. Other backing blocks with their centers at the height of the baseboards, must be putin. Behind all light fixtures and out- lets backing is required. This construc- tion prevents pockets or sags behind the trim. Wallboards fall into three classes— those consisting of a plaster or composi- tion core with fiber faces, those built up of narrow widths of thin wood and faced with fiber, and those built up entirely of wood or cane fiber suitably compressed and treated to give rigidity with lightness. Each has its good points. The plaster board is fireproof and little affected by moisture, but is brittle and heavy. Fiber boards are tough and light, but they may WITH GOOD CLEARANCE son TWEE RAD De BETWEEN HE AD AND AND Th TRIMMER DOOR FRAME CONSTRUCTION BEVEL a oe BACK FROM FACE Seieniehiiis tus beaamanniesi Comes, cut- ting stops, gluing splinters, and making a prop Wallboard and Trim for pointers on home woodwork in each of | and holléws"ih the wallé it-ts edvisable 4 wir Attic Room The wallboard is applied first on the ceiling and then is nailed against the wall studs buckle from absorption of moisture unless both sides are given a coat of paint before using, and they are not fireproof. Before starting to put on wallboard, lay out the walls and ceilings for the panels, centering them, if possible, on the room or on spaces between openings, or otherwise planning for a balanced‘ effect. Rather'than have uneven panel widths, it is preferable to put in one or two extra studs where necessary. Apply the board to the ceiling first, propping it up with one or two T-props made as-detailed, and tacking the edges in a few: places with flat-head nails. Strike white chalk lines to mark the centers of intermediate joists, and if the board used has a plaster center, nail every 3 in. with shingle nails. Take care not to leave hammer marks. Then nail the edge every 8 in. If fiber board is used, it is better to use patent clinching fasteners, which are nailed directly-to the intermediate joists before the panel is put up. “If you do use nails, drive 1-in. No. 16 wire brads every 8 in. and set below: the surface for puttying. : Apply the board to the walls by tabking the upper ends first, nailing the centers and then the edges. Leave the edges 1 about 3/16 in. apart, unless the cracks are to be filled and the room is to be papered. In that case brads should be used on the edges instead of flat-head nails. The first work in putting up interior trim is to fit the windows into the openings, so that the room may be closed up and moisture kept out. Cut off the projecting ends of the stiles from the casements and joint down the edges enough to allow the sash to be slipped - (Continued om page 100) — ae oo January.

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January, 1926 MEASURE YOUR KNOWLEDGE with the POPULAR SCIENCE QUESTIONNAIRE Y . Wr dom cones “years?. 2. Are the stars solid like the » earth? 3. How was'the earth formed? ———

4. Why is glass transparent? —————_ 5. How do we know that the earth is slowly shrinking 6. What is an electric current? ..... 7. How was petroleum formed?........ 8. Do electrons really move through wire when an e ic current is flowing through it? 9. What physical changes in your body are produced by fear?.......-... 40. How do muscles exert power? -..--. 41. What are X-rays? 42. Can weseeatoms witha micro- scope? . 13. Why does heat and things - and cold coni em_?.... ine 14. Why does the moon appear to : its shape acme time to time 45. What is the brain made of? 16. Why is it possible that the in- side of the earth is growing hotter instead of colder? 17. Why is frost more likely on a clear. night than on a cloudy feeee nee n en eee

one? 18. Does thinking use up the thinker’s energy 19. Which travels faster, electri- city or light?

20. What le test will distin- guish wool from cotton ?_—......... 21. What makesthe noise of thun- der? 22. Why would men ultimately suffocate if all the green plants were killed? 23. Does the boiling of water re- . Move me tet ou 24. How do the living cells of the body getth with which 250FOURTH AVENUE © NEW YORK tion. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY lardastich ean is talking about the famous “Popular Science Questionnaire.”’ Doctors, Lawyers, Professors, College Grad- uates and thousands of others have tested themselves with this Questionnaire. In the panel is the list of questions of which the Questionnaire is composed. How many of them can you answer? Like an Old-fashioned Examination May. we ask you to make this test carefully, reading thequestions slowly and giving thought to each one? When you cannot answerone satisfactorily to yourself, put a zero (0) beside it. On the other hand, give yourself credit of four (4) for each satisfac- tory answer. Then when you are through, see how near you have come to making a mark of 100. This is like an'old-fashioned exa- mination, but you will find. it fas- cinating. The questions all have to do with the wonders of the world we live in. All can be given quick and straight forward answers by any person of education. All of the questions in the fa- mous “‘Popular Science Question- naire’? and many hundreds of others, have now been answered, for the first time, in one book— Tue Pocket GuIpE To ScrENcE. All that you probably ever will want to know about science is told in this one 284-page book that will fit in your pocket or grace a library table, Curiosity-satisfying facts about the world we live in aremade instantly available to you in simple question-and-answer form in Tue Pocxer Guipe To Science. You are assured of the ac- curacy of the answers in THE Pocxer Guipk To Science be- cause it has been edited by con- (he pe ae Dr. E. E. Free, who has remarkable genius for condensing the known facts about scientific questions in- to easily remembered paragraphs. SPECIAL OFFER Tue Pocket GuIbE To SCIENCE is not for sale. It is offered to you without one penny extra cost with a 14 months’ subscription to Por- ULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. Poputar Science Montuty “car- ties on” from where THE Pocket Gu1pE To SciENcE leaves off. THE Pocxer GulbE gives you all that the scientists have discovered up to right now— PopuLarR SCIENCE Montuty will give you all the im- portant, interesting and new dis- coveries of science for the next 14 months. It takes over 300 articles and pictures every month to tell the readers of PopuLar SCIENCE Monrtuty all that has happened in the scientific, radio, mechanical and automotive fields. Your Name in Gold Tue Pocxet Guipe To Science is bound in beautiful flexible fabrikoid. We will stamp your name in 22-carat gold on the cover of THe Pocxer Guiwe at no extra cost to you if you use the coupon below immediately. We extend to you the Special Offer of a 14 months’ subscription to: PorpuLar Science Montuty (regular price by the month would be $3.50) with the Tue Poc- xET Guiwe To Scrence—all for $2.95, plus the postage. If you are already a subscri- ber to Poputar Science we will extend yout subscription 14 months if you accept this offer.

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SCIENCE M! Revenue, New Yo 250 Fourth Avi fier of THE e 0 se not fully sadisfac ep are to 10 days i gold. iddresSe<n Pp. S. 1-26 SctENCE and a 14 xy. L will pay _ Pocket 3c postage Gan cE LY. if the book oe st} return the’ gory £0 4 Ny fll payment. Please ip N mn poonnnanannnee State with your order

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 Beldenamel Aerial is not a trick aerial. It is a scientific achievement, endorsed by leading radio engineers. Beldenamel Aerials are made of stranded copper. Each strand is coated with baked Beldenamel to protect the copper surface from corrosion. A Beldenamel Aerial cannot deteriorate. The signal strength and volume are constant, winter after winter, in spite of smoke and fumes in the atmos- phere. No bare copper aerial can accomplish this result. For dis- tance and volume, install a Beld- enamel Aerial, today! Sold by all Leading Radio Dealers and jobbers Send for Free Illustrated Booklet Belden Manufacturing Company 2304-H So. Western Ave., Chicago Please send me your latest illustrated booklet, free, describing Belden Radio radio work. Products and their use in AGENTS ssf Stamping names on Pocket a 4 «Key. Protectors; sample xe . Check with your name and address, 25c. Stamping Outfits, Emblem Checks, Fobs, Name Plates. . HART MFG. CO. oe 305 Degraw St, — Brooklyn, N. Y, BURN YOUR NAME ON TOOLS ARKOGRAF s Protect Your Tools FromTheft. write with elec- tricity name or est nog & and eR ocak =. free. 1171-A SEK se., Wallboard and Trim for Attic (Continued from page 98) into the opening against the stops or bind- stop. It is secured for the time being with finishing nails tacked into the jambs. The door frames are built of 1 by 6 in. stock jointed straight to the width of the studding, plus the thickness of the wall- board on each side, plus 1/16 in. for irregularities. Bevel the edges back from the faces slightly to insure a close joint between casing and jam. Since there is little clearance between the head jam and head trimmer in the entrance to the typical attic room de- scribed in this series, the side jambs are dadoed into the head rather than the head into the sides. For.a door 2 ft. 6 in. by 6 ft. 6 in., make the frame 2 ft. 6 in. by 6 ft. 6% in., inside. To set the frame, block one side trimmer plumb and tack up one side of the frame to that trimmer, plumbing it carefully edgewise with straightedge and level. Cut a board to the width of the frame and lay it on the floor between the bottom ends of the side jambs to keep them parallel with each other and the right distance apart. With shingle points driven behind from both edges, wedge the other jamb straight and plumb, and nail solidly. D° NOT neglect to level the head jamb carefully, cutting off the bottomof the long side if necessary. Nail up the other jamb, test for straightness, and correct irregularities with wedges driven from both edges. Then tack the stops in place. The best type.of stop for an attic room is the 3/8 by 144 in. round-edge door. stop, as detailed. Some carpenters miter the joints between head and side stops, and some cope the sides against the head; but the best method is a combination of the two. Cut the head square on both ends to the exact length, miter the rounded edge to the depth of the mold, and split out the triangle so formed.- Miter the mating end of the side stop and, following the corner of the obtuse angle, cut it square off from the back as far as the molding, as shown in the detail. Cut the stop 1/16 in. long and spring into place. The pressure will close the joint. Since the thickness of the ordinary in- side door is 1 3/8 in., the stops are placed 1 7/16 in. from the edge of the jambs, allowing clearance for paint; but the stops should not be nailed tight until after the door is hung and the lock fitted. Next, cut to rough lengths all the finishing trim. Look it over for pitch pockets and rough places, and smooth up thoroughly. For work that is to be painted, small pitch pockets are allowable, though these must be cleaned out with a chisel and patched with a splinter of wood or a mixture of glue and sawdust. If, in sandpapering, a splinter of wood is raised from the face or corner of the piece worked upon, lift it carefully, place glue under it, and clamp down by means of a smali block tacked with brads, with a piece of paper underneath to prevent the glue from sticking it down. “A Thousand Feet of Aerial Inside Your Home!” —says a Baltimore fan : © ¢ NTENNAE gry — “Longer Range—More Volume Closer Tuning—Less Static! The new large Effarsee gives the equivalent of ncreased 1600 feet of aerial. I range, and volume, minimizes static and makes closer tuning.” Fixed Condensers Improve Reception! Type IXL (large) . . $4.00 Type BXL (small) .. 2.50 Alt any radio. dealers —or write direct. FISHWICK RADIO CO. 133 CENTRAL PARKWAY, CINCINNATI, O. siaeuliiemaaems “DON'T SHOUT” “*T hear you. I can hear now ae With THE MORLEY PHONE. I've a in my ears now, but are fied deminer ay min, m P , that I hear all right.” The Merley Phone for the is to the ears what some, ate am Gee : eyes e, eomfortable, band sold. "Write for besklet end fonts eo THE MORLEY CO., Dept. 797, 10S. 28th Street, Philadelphia “Experiments With 110-Volt Alternating Current” ERE at last is a book oo gives a practical Thee ue ige of the current. wiichy lg deer tana The book “Experiments with 110-Volt Alternat- ing Current” is needed by every man experimenting with alternating’c 256 pages, 135 illustrations. Price, postpaid, $1.15 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY rEeTuUT!

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January;1926. _. Home Workshop . Chemistry Simple Formulas that Will Save Time ORNAMENTAL papers, especially if they are a little out of the ordinary and cannot be duplicated in the arts and crafts shops, are in demand for all sorts of decorative purposes. They can be used for covering and decorating boxes and calendars, for lining books and for making attractive novelties. A paper that has a frosted design can be made by using a saturated solution of Epsom salts (magnesium sulphate) in water. The solution is saturated when no more of the salt will dissolve in the water. The liquid is brushed on a good grade of paper, Bristol board or cards, plaeed in Ordinary paper or cardboard can be given an ornamental frosted surface sim- ply by coating it with a saturated solution of Epsom salts. The crystallized surface will last indefinitely ‘if protected with a thin alcoholic varnish a horizontal position to dry. If thin papers are used, it is well to tack them to a draw- ing board so that they will not roll. When the paper is dry, a frosted and crystallized deposit will be found on the surface. If it is wished to color these crystals, add a trace of dye or colored ink to the salt solution before applying it. While this unusual design will last for some time, even if untreated, it can be made permanent with an alcoholic varnish of gum sandarac and denatured aleohol, to which a. small amount of ozonized turpentine has been added. Writing or lettering can be done on the crystallized surface without destroying the decorative effect. For that reason the crystals make an interesting background for holiday cards. § PECIALLY prepared paper may be used in forecasting the weather. Dis- solve 4% gram of cobalt chloride (not the nitrate) in 50 ec. of water and add 5 grams of gelatine. Heat slowly to dissolve and use the mixture to coat a sheet of blotting- paper, Normally the color of this paper will be pink, but it changes to blue in very dry weather and to a violet.tone in moist woathetarr OR. Fanpaky : eeateehas ie ahaa ea 8 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY oe Bi re a OLN £9 Noe ooo NF 4 | NO DIALS NO PANEL = i ee it (ms a - nS Seen al ‘ # ae i rw a BUILT-IN Gerth Wel Appainted ome LOUDSPEAKER Sw Yr NOBTRUSIVENESS with the rule of good taste—is the distinguish- ing grace of the ULTRADYNE Model L-3 Radio Receiver. It ushers in a new ’ sufficiency— era of radio reception—a new, easier command of the To protect the public, Mr. Lacault’s personal mon- ogram seal (R.E.L.) is placed on the assembly lock bolts of all genuine ULTRADYNE Model L-3 Receivers. Guaran- teed so long as these seals remain unbroken, tions. piece. air’s treasures. An artistic form of radio receiver that blends happily with every scheme of interior decoration. Pleases the eye with its charming lines, its beauti- ful two-tone mahogany cabinet, its fine propor- Has the appearance of a decorative table- Utter simplicity with superb receptive and reproductive qualities. Your local radio dealer will gladly give you a demonstration of greatly simplified. this new modern receiver. Write for illustrated folder giving full details. CITRADXRE MODEL L-3 The Ultradyne Model L-3 is a six- tube receiver employing the funda- mental principles of the best circuits refined and marvelously $135 West of Rocky Moantains $140 PHENIX RADIO CORPORATION 114-A E. 25th Street NEW YORK, N. Y. ‘Diesel Engines Marine and Stationary By ENSIGN DAVIDL. JONES, U.S. Navy The most complete, thoroughly practical and up-to-date treatise on the Diesel Engine ever published. It explains their construction troubles, remedies, operation and adjustments, practical trials and tests and the elementary thermodynamics of all types of the Diesel Engine. The book is fully illustrated with drawings of working parts and detail engrav- ings, 400 pages. Price $5.00 Popular Science Monthly 250 Fourth Avenue New York, N. Y. tae val of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. AMAZING NEW = PENCIL ADDS, MULTIPLIES, COUNTS. CHECKS

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+] is 102 = N THe SC UNIT . 1ATiON TED STA u KON 5 AND Artis c i ts S1¢ Always ready for immediate use.. MFORTABLEold clothes, a sweet, cool pipe, good tools and a quiet room where you can make useful house- hold articles, or just putter around, spells after-supper contentment and pleasure for thousands of men. And of course, glue is one of the tools you use most often. Perhaps you have never thought of the special advantages of using Le- Page’s Liquid Glue. It is always ready for immediate use. No weighing, soak- ing or heating is required. Its quality is always the same. It “sets” slowly enough so that you have plenty of time to place the joints together exactly as they should go. Slow setting also allows LePage’s to penetrate the wood, increasing the strength of the joint. LePage’s Liquid Glue is equal in strength to any animal glue. Buy a can for your workshop. It is the easiest, quickest, handiest form of Glue. Insist on LePage’s. RUSSIA CEMENT COMPANY Laboratory and Factory iE AGE’S GLUE Bottles, Tubes,Cans Gloucester, Mass. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 1926 The Home Workshop Bow Used for Shooting Toy Parachutes into the Air HOOTING ar- row parachutes is a sport to thrill young bowmen who are looking for something nov- el in the way of archery. Remove the cover from an old umbrella, being careful not torip the cloth. Cut the cover around on a line halfway from the outside to the center so as to reduce its size and weight. Place a piece of stout canvas over the central hole and sew it securely in place. ge sik For the arrow you will need a straight stick a little longer than the usual target arrow. It should be about 1 in. in diameter, tough and well seasoned. Wrap one end for about an inch with fine stout wire. Drive the points of the wire into the wood so that they cannot cut f your hand. Fasten the cen- ter of the para- chute to the stick with a small screw or a large carpet tack. Tie lengths of a strong fishing line to the corners of the cover and attach the cords to the arrow at about the halfway point. | A small notch will keep the string from slipping. | is at hand, you can make one from a locust sapling 1 in, in diameter and a piece cut from an inner tube. The rubber should be 1 in. wide and one-third as long as the sapling. This combination makes a powerful bow. After being shot vertically into the air, the parachute opens and the arrow descends slowly and gracefully to the ground.—H. E. WENRICH. Paste for Imitating Carving Cy picture frames, glove or work boxes and similar pieces may be decorated easily with imitation carving. Rice is boiled in water to make a thick paste and mixed with starch to a dough- like mass, which is rolled into sheets, cut into squares, and allowed to dry. A mold then, is made. One simple method is to heat gutta-percha in warm water until sufficiently soft to be pressed over the carving that is to be duplicated. Place the previously prepared squares between damp cloths until they are moist enough to be kneaded into a doughy mass and press the material into the mold. The finished work, which looks very much like ivory, is glued in place.— W. J. E. GET A HOBBY MAKE MODELS © Start a Home Workshop “Model Making,” by R. F. Yates, de- scribes the construction of model gas-engines, steam-engines, locomotives, boats, dynamos, turbines, railroads, guns, etc. Thirty chap- ters are devoted to models of various nature. It will —_ ou to become a better me- chanic. It will help you to do hard soldering, soft soldering, lathe work, tempering, drilling, pattern-making, etc. This is a book every amateur or professional mechanic and model maker should have. “Model Making" describes real engin Z models, not toys. 432 Pages, 350 Illustrations, Practical, complete, easily understood. Price Postpaid, $3.00, POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 250 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK If no strong bow | TWENTIETH CENTURY BOOK OF Recipes, Formulas and Processes This book of 800 pages is the most com- plete Book of Recipes ever published, giving thousands of recipes for the manufacture _waluable articles for every-day use. Hints, Helps, Practical Ideas and Secret Processes covering every branch of the useful arts are given. 10,000 Practical Formulas—The Best Way to Make Everything A book to which may turn with confidence that ou will And what yom ore tooking fos, A mine of informat up- in every respect. Con- tains an immense ber of Soppeins that every one ought to have, t are not in any other Price $4.00 Popular Science Monthly © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement si, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York it ins the ing the ing ha ¥ ke setcenbeae oP teh. pes AE TT

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Viana Cov ayes \\ (0) of 5S) nO) 0) We Make a Winged Toboggan (Continued from page 72) it would. take a rather high rate of insurance. Harleyand I dragged it up themountain the next afternoon to our preferred start- ing point, which was about 500 ft. above the camp. He had bargained to try it first. . But. I liked Harley Tryon, and inasmuch as the idea and workmanship had all been my own, my conscience be- came apprehensive. -I was afraid to try it first; so was he, though neither of us would admit it to the other then, although we did later, ak We flipped a coin, and it was still his turn first.. But,suppose the thing actually did fly and had a crash! I hated to think of all that work being lost in a first flight crash, and I wouldn’t get a chance to ride it: So we compromised and decided to ride it together the first time down. We should have. preferred also to com- promise on the distance of the first tryout, but could not, because the mountain was so steep that we had to go up to this certain point in order to get a footing to climb aboard. Harley always had ridden behind to do the steering. We took the same position; although now I was in the “cockpit,” and couldn’t roll clear of the.thing if it became necessary or desirable. WE CLIMBED on. That hill never had looked so high and steep, nor the frozen crust so hard and smooth. “Are you ready?” Harley called. I answered, and we started. The pick-up was immediate and terrific, with the sensation in the stomach of going down in an elevator, Faster, faster! The tears were streaking across my temples from the icy wind. I couldn’t breathe, or at least didn’t, in the excite- ment. Only one thought remained— hang on! G2 Two-thirds down we struck a small drift, and for a’ hundred feet beyond, though it was less than half a second in time, there was no sound of the toboggo- plane’s scraping the frozen snow. At the speed we were going the actual lift was small, but the fact that it actually had lifted us for a 100-ft. jump was demonstrated by our tracks. At the bottom of the hill was a lake, 1000 ft. across, frozen and covered by 20 ft. of snow or more. We coasted across this flat to the far side, started up the opposite hill, and soon _ stopped. The next time Tryon went alone. He sat well forward in the cockpit, and half- way down the hill there were unmis- takable signs that the Dragonfly was going to leave the ground. When Harley reached where the bottom should have been, he was 10 ft. off the ground going like ashot. He landed straight and even, and finally came to a stop. After that we alternated rides, with more or less good natured rivalry for height, distance, and near-accident risks. The sport never became dull. It was never even reasonably safe on such steep hills. It never failed to offer a (Continued on page 104) Se POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY the cat’s pajamas! Well, folks, I'm Daven until death do us ” part! A Newspaper Radio Editor. For Neutrodyne Sets “Your resistance coupled am» plifier is certainly all that you claim for it. I would not hesi- tate a moment to recommend it to anyone who wants real quality without distortion. I did not find it necessary to use high voltage to get all the volume I wanted either, on a six tube Neutrodyne.” . A Neutrodyne Fan- Fora Super-Heterodyne “I am using three steps of Daven amplification with won- derful results. The outstand- ing characteristic is large vol- ume. This feature is very de- sirable when used on a Super- Heterodyne asI am using it,” A Professional Operator. Two Converts “I followed your advice and put in another coupler instead of a transformer. I’m more than pleased. No more trins- formers for me! Your method of amplification is better, cheaper,and easier toassemble | than any other.” From the Mid-West, “Yesterday I got another Daven Unit and hooked it up. It would take some PULL to pry it away from me. Have a regular set now. I fail to see how anyone can stick to trans» formers after hearing music come through your 4ay.” _ A Satisfied New Yorker. Quality Succeeds Distance “After spending much money on sets trying to get DX, I gave up in disgust and concen- trated my efforts to produce quality reception with free- dom from distortion; and at last ['ve got it using your Resistance Coupled units.” From the Pacific Coast, NAMES FURNISHED UPON , REQUEST * “QUALITY AND DAVEN ARE SYNONYMOUS” “The Quality is a revelation.” “Man!—of all the beautiful, round and full tones, this is the cat’s pajamas.” “The volume is terrific.” Unnecessary to use high voltage to get all the volume I want.” These are actual phrases Daven quality radio fans have written us. t Ask to see the Daven Super-Amplifier. It is for set owners who want more volume without distortion, and set builders who want Resistance Coupled Amplifica- tion without the labor of assembly. ; For greater amplification in resistance coupled amplifiers, use the new Daven Tube MU-20. Ty or output stage of any set. Daven products are sold only by good dealers "The Sine of Mocte” “DAVEN RADiOcORPoRWTLOW" Resistor Specialists NEWARK __ Reg.U.& Pat.0f NEW JERSEY’ © Samanceccoceenaacssssens DAVEN RADIO CORPORATION 16lsummit st.Newark,N.J Please send me the following on Resi Coupled fi MU-6 is for last / y 1 Creek Reactor Marg, Here: complete Catalog (free). For Dealers: ice Coup! Send your letterhead or card, Ree Amplification. At or thie coupon and we will have Dealers 25c. By our nearest distributor communi- mail, postpaid, 30c. % | Get the hailbook of Resist ° cate with you. THE »-BIG: LITTLE THINGS OF RADIO SEE— the big Prize Offer on page 4 of this issue DOUBLES HIS MILEAGE and Makes ek ames recently stalled an amazing new device on his car cuitem: A DAY ‘ m ge and idly) Ein the astounding profits of $120 in just eh ot This bass Saige new noe makes practically any car give twice its regular mileage—many go.37 to. 57 and 60 miles ona gallon. Earn $250—$500 aMonth Many earn big money just telling your friends about this startling new device. Vernon Gaines made $94 in one day—J. W. Cronk $51 in one hour! The demand is enormous—20 million car owners want this amazing invention the instant they see it. Others make $250—$500 a monthin full.or spare time. And now the inventor will giadly —~s a en aedhe’ a own Hon Write today to J. A. Strans - rans. uilding, Pukwana, South Dakota. sa em he Blew HowtoMake More Money Sell radio,spare time—evenings. A demon- stration means sure sale. Whip any compe- tition—longest distance possible—lowest prices—big commissions. No selling or radio experience necessary. 12 sales lessons and 10 radio service lessons FREE. Local ads, at- tractive booklets and letterheads with your own name. Exclusive territory to proven men, Start right now to build a permanent business of your own. Time $100 Weekly in S Many tatives making from $50 to $100 week- ly, working evenings—you can do the same, Our 84 page lan will prove it—F REE copy for those re aieee tole-caby nlen of ite Lindon promos ly plan o ind—a proven success for four years. Don’t fail to give name of your county. OZARKA, Inc. **2Az7! Aycove 2,

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

Better lather, easier shaving from the Latherizer Or your money back CLEAN, accurate lather-making ma- chine, now displaces the inaccurate, mussy shaving brush. Try the nickel- plated Latherizer 10 days. If you return it, the full purchase price is refunded at once. The 10 days’ use and soap have cost you nothing. Operated by the squeeze of the bulb, the Latherizer, in a metal chamber, mixes the right amount of air, water and soap for the perfect lather, passes’ it through a metal screen, presents it to you through a spout ready-to-shave with. This is truly aerated, water-impregnated lather so fine in texture it needs no rubbing-in. It Send guaranteed money-back coupon SRS aS: Ib: PRR Se: NG BEI KS SEY SR RBEN THE LATHERIZER CORP., Dept. B1, 452 Fifth Avenue, New York. - Gentlemen: Under your guarantee to refund the full purchase price, if I return the Latherizer complete after 10 days of use, you may send me the Latherizer (3 slugs of soap included). I enclose $5 (check, currency, P. O. Money Order). If I return the Latherizer I will not be charged for any of the soap (1 cake) used in the trial, and will receive back at once the full $5. speeds shaving. The Latherizer saves you money be- cause it saves on soap and outlasts many It saves time in both shaving And it brushes. preparation and shaving itself. saves the face. : Noted barber shops use the Latherizer. So do thousands of men, travelers es- pecially. All welcome it as one of the biggest shaving improvements. 1 Retailers:- Soon the Latherizer and soap re- fills will be sold through retail chan- nels only. hee Srseenpbwelnsr mg oF | national advertising campaign. rite | now for terms and facts which will reveal to you one of the biggest prop- ositions in the history mer- | chandising.

THE LATHERIZER CORP. ce Dept. B1, 452 Fifth Avenue \nK0) od sors ale) ), We Make a Winged Toboggan (Continued from page 103) new kick in each descent, or flight, as you please. Fifteen feet off the ground was per- haps the maximum attained, but con- sidering the speed and the construction of the machine, that was plenty. ° -- - Between 25 and 30 trips were marked up before the crash. Confidence and the almost inevitable contempt of danger through familiarity, brought the sport to a sudden finish. - SRE vi ’ It -was- early. in April, 1925, three months before any signs of spring appear at that altitude, when the Dragonfly made its last flight.’ A light, gusty: wind ‘was blowing. Harley-went down the first trip, and after coming back up the hill ‘warned me to look out for the breeze. - = - I sat as far forward ‘as I could upon starting, and the irregular air pressure on the way down made me hesitate, but it was too late. -When_ nearly -to' the bottom I slid back, but I-had waited too long and slid back too ‘far. “The front of the machine raised to a horizontal posi- tion, and then kept right- on going up. I had some recollections of bending my head back and seeing the snow above me, about 20 feet away, and then we started for each other, the snow and I. The next I remember, some one was pulling on one of my legs, which were the only part of me I could move. Everything was crammed with snow—eyes, ears, nose, mouth, collar, and I couldn’t get my breath. Harley told me later that the toboggo- plane had just kept right on rising, and when well upside down I had left it and plunged head first through the crust into the snow. Something like that must have happened for my face was like a piece of raw beef- steak for two weeks. I was thankful that the crust had broken at all, as it was hard enough to support the heaviest man without giving way. The Dragonfly came down sideways and crumpled a wing. The next few days we stayed inside, and a snowslide came crashing down our favorite speedway, which closed toboggoplaning for the season—perhaps forever.

While there is no question about the danger of making one of the toboggo- planes for use on mountains such as Mr. Keating describes, the addition of wings to a toboggan will add im- mensely to the ort of comets on ordinary hills. he toboggan skims along the snow much as a hydro- plane rides on the water, and at mod- erate s s there is no danger of its rising far in the air. Glycerine and Alcohol Prevent Frost Forming on Glass HE formation of frost on windows can be reduced materially by rub- bing the inside of the glass with a solu- tion of glycerine and alcohol. The solu- tion is made by dissolving a teaspoon of the glycerine in half a pint of alcohol. Apply the mixture to the glass with a clean rag.

but illu: eno dep esse abo long take sect the that the in t fitte appl

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January, 1926 me Common Corks Used in Making Stands for Glassware [N ANY home workshop, kitchen, or laboratory where flasks, jars, and porcelain-ware are filled with hot liquids, the danger of breakage may be lessened greatly by the use of a stand made by fastening corks with glue and nails to a wooden baseboard.—J. H. SCHALEK. Sharpening Your Skates (Continued from page 82) Hollow filing is a little more difficult, but it can be accomplished with the tool illustrated in Fig. 4. A round file of large enough diameter to cut a very shallow depression in the length of the runner is essential. about 34 in. thick, 114 in. wide, and 4 in. long. Make notches near one edge to take the file and then fasten the blocks securely to a third piece, the top, so that the space at the bottom forms a slot that will slide closely over the thickness of the skate runner. The file can be held in the blocks by a setserew or a bolt fitted down through the top. Fit the appliance over the skate and sharpen the runner by push- ing forward just as if you were planing a board. Where an _ emery wheel can be used, an excellent job of hollow grinding can be done with the jig mae a shown in Fig. 5. ig. 6. types This fixture is of Means Rett nothing more than a vertical piece of board fastened rigidly to a baseboard. The top edge of the vertical piece then is cut out to fit snugly in the openings of the skate frame. A steel plate is drilled so that it may be fastened over the skate with screws. It should be arranged so that the runner will come halfway up the cutting face of a 4- or 5-in. emery wheel. By pressing the runner lightly against the rapidly revolving wheel and moving the jig along from side to side, a profes- sional job of hollow grinding will result. _ Figure 6 shows in detail the blocks used in Figs. 8 and 4. Use only the best quality files for skate sharpening. An 8- or 10-in; mill bastard SAK Rea Seo Cut two hardwood blocks |. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Over 500,000 already in use es & OW you don’t have to wait for days while your battery charges. The new 5-ampere GOLD SEAL HOM- CHARGER charges A or B batteries three times as fast as last year’s slow chargers - - - it fully charges the average radio battery OVERNIGHT ! This year when you buy a battery charger, be sure it is a modern fast charger - - - one that charges at 5-amperes. To be absolutely sure, insist on the 5-ampere GOLD SEAL HOM- CHARGER. ree Write for new edition of our interesting 16-page booklet “The Secret of Distance and Volume in Radio.” THE KODEL RADIO CORPORATION 500 EAST PEARL ST. CINCINNATI, OHIO Owners of Kodel ‘Diciianieg © Station WK RC. 3 $100 in Cash Prizes See Page 4 in front of book for details [Made 2] In FiveHours\{ Sat aa peter Worms ah : ‘acturer Shirts for ile usally is chosen for this work. MADISON SHIRT M’FRS, S62 Broadway, New York © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. Big Value for 10Cts. words and music; 25 Pictures Prete Ginter 40 Wa: ke Book; 1 ; 1 Book ts; Table; Great North Pole Game; 1 rums; 3 zzles; 12 Games; 30 Verses for Autograph ‘Albums, « All the above by mail for 10 cts. and 2 ets, postage. ROYAL SALES CO., Desk 115, Norwalk, Conn.

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 192% THAT WET BOILER PIT CAN. BE MADE DRY ' Drawins=T able for || maxe and keep your cellar walls, floor and the Home boiler and drain pits thoroughly dry by fill- Bitte home mechanic, no matter ine erg paneer —— if he specializes in wood or metal- Smooth-On No. 7, the working, often has occasion to make only Pa actical water- a working drawing, sketch, or layout. For ioe: Boson aed s ye such work it is helpful to have a well plied from’ inside and equipped drafting-table. A good model bonds perfectly on wet is that illustrated, which is remarkably or dry surface. Excel- : Write for p > 5 ec : lent i “Whi ch Man Shall rigid, considering how light the construc- cello Pally FREE BOOK tion is. When not needed for drafting, it proofing garage, stable and washroom I Promote ?”’ wile ‘oan Game Tk” bode i Troughs, toun S, S: ponds, e oO " } _. ene pools, manure pits, etc. Wwe your employer think of you when oF ~ 100 aa tot, poor ng aud see tan de the the next good position is open? Will work yourself. he say, “There’s a man who is training him- a . - Sold in 5- and 10-lb. cans self to handle bigger work,” or will he pass 3 i — ce 25-, 50- and 100-lb. kegs you by as just an ordinary routine worker? Do not try to fool yourself. Your employer is : a we . = : : SMOOTH-ON MFG. co. watching you more closely than you may think. He’s ce a A ‘ Dept. 60 constantly checking up on your work, your abilities, a 574 Communipaw Avenue your ideals, your aspirations. Stored away in the back i JERSEY CITY, N J of his mind or filed away in black and white, are his Sess iS = thei impressions of the kind of man you are and the kind : ; of man you want to be. He’s willing and anxious to pay you more money the minute you prove that you are worth more money. But he can’t take chances. When he pro- motes a man, he wants to be sure he will make good. Decide now—today—that you are going to be ready when rest ne i comes ar Tiny aay a0 sos you want in the work you like best—then train for 3 - it. You can do it in spare time in your own home This adjustable table has storage space for through the International Correspondence Schools. all the materials used by a home draftsman Write today for an interesting descriptive booklet which tells the full story. It won't cost you a penny, | will serve other purposes, as the top can but it may be the means of changing your entire life. be dropped flat =~ The table is constructed of any soft, aicantann as CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS | clear wood obtainable or an unfinished Oldest and largest correspondence schoools in the world kitchen table can be purchased for a few Without cost, please tell me how I can qualify for the position or in the subject before which I have marked an X: dollars and remodeled. BUSINESS TaAimene COURSES The side and end rails are constructed Business Management Salesmanship ° 4 Industrial Management O Advertising from 1-in. stock dressed to % in. and are ersonnel Organization etter Letters i j il i i Traffic Management C)Show Card Lettering all 3 in. wide. Each end rail is 18 in. Business Law CiStenography and Typing | long and has a tenon cut at each end to Banking and Banking Law CiBusiness English Accountancy (including ee Service fit a corresponding mortise cut in the legs. a Cost Accounting seemed a a, y ookkeeping ‘ommon School Subjects inu age 10 Private Secretary High School Subjects (Continued on pag ) Spanish 0 French C Tlustrating TECHNICAL AND INDUSTRIAL COURSES Electrical Engineering ens") xX ro = Electric Lighting Architects’ Blueprints Mechanical Engineer Contractor and Builder Mechanical Draftsman Architectural Draftsman 3-0 Machine Shop Practice Concrete Builder 3 Railroad Positions Structural Engineer X3X 18- Gas Engine Operating Chemistry () Pharmacy a Civil Engineer Automobile Work RS Surveying and Mapes Airplane Engines Metallurgy 0 Min Agriculture and Poultry Steam Engineering oO Hedio Mathematics OOOOOUUOIWUL oOoooooooooo Street Address TUD The Insured Watch 2) ene oo! Sy Occupation... If you reside in Canada, send ‘this coupon to the interna- ; tional Corresp Canadian Limited, Montreal careers Earns STUDEBAKER WATCH CO, Dey. E- E~-23 Seath Bead, Indiana Canadian Addres asor, Ont w. 7 “Cc. Course in A plied “eg oe Engineeri: Ma men earn $2000 tc to ¥$10,000 a year. Big Free outfit of airplane parts. Write for Free catalog. i WESTERN AIRPLANE CORPORATION py Dept. P-1 Monadnock Bik., 'ypewriter Top and front views of the table and end 112 Main St., Groton, N.Y. section showing the adjusting mechanism © This seal on a radio or tool advertisoment signiGes the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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= ‘January, 1926 POPULAR SGIENCE- MONTHLY Fitting a Violin Bridge Alteorss a violinist usually goes to a violin-maker to have a new bridge fitted to his instrument, the work can be done by almost any one. Place a piece of No. 000 sandpaper, as shown, with the abrasive side up, and move the bridge from side to side until the legs are sanded down sufficiently. The curve of the bridge legs will conform to the curve of violin and will bear per- fectly. The distance marked 13 in. on the drawing, which shows full-size vior lin, should be 1034, in. for a_ three- quarter-size instru- ment, and 10 \%, in. Location of bridge for a half-size model.—GEORGE A. MOHL. Drawing-Table for the Home (Continued from page 106) - Dowels may be used in place of the mor- tise-and-tenon joints, if preferred. Both side rails are 30 in. long and are joined to the legs the same way as the end rails. The front rail has a portion cut out as shown to provide access to ¢. sheet of 8-ply verieer, which is fastened to the lower edges of the rails to serve as a shelf. The legs are turned on a lathe or made straight, as desired. The rails and legs are assembled with a good grade of flake or liquid glue and after they are thorough- ly dry, a strip 7% by 4 by 17% in. is fast- ened in place at each end, flush with the rail tops. These pieces have mortises to provide clearance for the adjusting arms and the nuts that hold the arms to the angle irons fastened under the top. A round-headed wood screw having a shank about \% in. in diameter and pro- jecting 4 in., is located in each end rail about midway between the edges and 1034 in. from the outer edges of the front rail; it is to engage the notches on the adjusting arm. The top is built up of %-in. boards and is 24 by 86 in. A strip % by 1 by 86 in. with its ends beveled, is secured to the front edge of the top to prevent the drawing-board from sliding off when the top of the table is inclined. Two small iron angles made from \4-in.-thick stock are recessed into the top on the under side where shown and fixed with screws. Two 1% by 1% in. iron butt hinges also are located on the under side of the top. The two iron ad- justing arms are made from }-in.-thick stock and are secured to the angles located in the top by means of small, round- headed stove bolts. . The table shown in the photograph has a small auxiliary shelf % by 6 by 24 in. on each end, supported on 4-in. pressed- steel shelf brackets and provided with a stop on the inside edge between the legs. _ When completely assembled, the table is cleaned up with fine sandpaper and finished as desited.—W. J. E. Waa fn: 2 \ — OT just a series of jumbled tones but clear music— that’s what you have a right to expect from your radio set. And there is no surer way to achieve this expecta- tion than switching to Magnatrons. Magnatrons are the product of the oldest exclusive makers of vacuum tubes. Every known improvement naturally has seen used; along every inch of the way experience has been the guide. There’s a Magnatron for every purpose. The DC-201A, the DC-199 (large or small base), the DC-120 (for super volume), and the Rex (for B eliminators) all list for only $2.50 each Write for your FREE copy of ‘Pot Pourri”—a snappy review of mirth and music—to Dept. “A” Connewey Electric Labs., Magnatron Bldg., Hoboken, N. J. d Complete Factory Stock for Pacific Coast carried at Pacific Radio Labs., 256 S. Los Angeles St., Los Angeles, Cal. : — | | now we i have clear music $100 in Cash Prizes See Page 4 in front of book for details RAILWAY WANTED Tt ae eo Pe ey AN EES ERA os LT) | a } uf) z L ERKS Railway Postal Clerks ceva anna a Sir: I it to t 1. Send without ck 1) S$ $1900 to $2700 a Year 2S: ire '3t2y3.8 Beamination questions, O) Lise 2 ‘(All Postal Pay Just Raised) Steady work. No layoffs. Paid vacations. Common education sufficient. - - Travel—See Your Country ” Mail Coupon today—SURE £ Address e @ @ * e e@ of other U.S. Government jobs now open to men 18 up. (3) Send free sample coaching. women ris} ‘This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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EARLE E. LIEDERMAN The Muscle Builder Author | of ‘‘Muscle Building,’ ‘‘Science of | a “Secrets of Strength,"’ ‘‘ Here’s Health, KILL THIS MAN! There’s a devil inside of you. He’s trying to ou. Gook out for him! He tells you not to Aa? gor so ard. What’s the use—the boss only piles more work on you. He tells you not to bother with your body. If you’re weak—you always will be weak. Exercise is just a lot of rot. Do you recognize him? Of course _ do. He’s in us all. He's a murderer of ambition. He’s a liar and a fool. Kill Him! will kill you. SAVED Thank your lucky stars you have another man inside of you. He’s the human dynamo. He fills you full of pep and ambition. He keeps you alive—on fire. He urges you on in your daily tasks. He makes you strive for bigger and better things to do. He makes you crave for life and strength. He teaches you that the weak fall by the wayside, but the strong succeed. He shows you that exercise builds live tissue—live tissue is muscle— muscle means strength—strength is power. Power brings success! That's what you want, and gosh darn your old hide, you’re going to get it. Which Man Will It Be? It’s up to you—set your own future. You want to be the Human Dynamo? Fine! Well, let’s get busy. That’s where I come in. That’s my job. Here’s what I'll do for you. In just 30 days I'll increase your arm one full inch with real live animated muscle. Yes, and I'll add two inches to your chest in the same time. eh? That's nothing. Now come the works. up your shoulders. I’ ll deepen your chest. I'll strengthen your whole ‘ll give you arms and legs like pillars. I'll literally pack muscle up your stomach and down your back. Meanwhile I'll work on those inner muscles surrounding your vital organs. You'll feel the thrill of life shooting up your old backbone and through- out your entire system. You'll feel so full of life, you will shout to the world, ‘I’m a man and I can prove it.’ Sounds good, what? But listen! That isn’t all. I'm not just a these things. I guarantee them! It’s a sure bet. Oh boy! wg ride. Send for my new book “MUSCULAR DEVELOPMENT” 64 Pages and It’s FREE What do you think of that? I don’t ask one cent. And it’s the peppiest piece of reading you ever laid your eyes on. I swear you'll never blink an eyelash til you’ve turned the last cover. And -there’s over four dozen full-page photos of myself and some of my prize-winning pupils. This is the finest gallery of strong men ever assembled. And every last one of them shouting my praises. Look them over. If you don’t get a kick out of this book, you had better roll over—you’re d Come on then. Take out the old pen or A gy and sign your name and address to the coupon. ou haven't a stamp, a postal will do. But snap into it. Do it now. Tomorrow you may forget. Remember, it’s something for eae and no strings attached—no obligation. GRAB IT. EARLE E. LIEDERMAN Dept. 1301 305 Broadway New York City En ge ee a ee 1 EARL E. LIEDERMAN k Dept. 1301, 305 Broadway, New York City Dear Sir:—Pilease send me absolutely FREE and I without any obligation on my part whatever, a <7, of your latest “Muscular Development. | (Please write or print plainly.) If you don’t, he NRG... cdectensausdtccnksncs ble beassenbeeeneee | { SRN 6 cencnceinne so cece seuene beeen : 7 Cer... nccenéiccnencnessenam DORR. csrndcnnae | POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

Operating a Model Railroad by Electrical Controls (Continued from page 80) are controlled electrically by eight push- buttons by the method described last month, it is possible to run two trains in opposite directions continually on either the outside or the inside track. The cross-overs, of course, act as sidings. But you will need some control over the speed of the individual locomotives. In other words, you will have to be able to stop either train without interfering with the operation of the other one. Other- wise it would be impossible to run one train onto a siding and have it wait there while the other train goes by on the main line. In Fig. 2 you will note, in addition to the track layout, that a switchboard is shown. This switchboard differs from the one you will need to control the track switches only in that switches to control the current to the track must be so built that you can leave them in either the open or closed position. They can be of ordinary porcelain-base, knife type, or if you wish to do an especially neat job, you can construct a panel with some of the push-pull or toggle switches sold as filament switches for radio sets. HEN all of the switches are in the closed position, current is being supplied to all sections of the track. Assume, for instance, that you are operating two trains in opposite directions on the outside track. The buttons are pressed to throw the switches so that the train to reach the siding first will be switched onto it, and a switch is thrown, cutting off the current from the track of the siding. The train goes on the siding and stops. A button is pressed to close the main-line switch and the other train goes by. Then switches are closed and buttons pressed to bring the freight out on the main-line track again and speed it on its way. Even if you do not attempt the con- struction of any electrically controlled switches, it will prove well worth while to install the sectional control of the track as shown in Fig. 2. Such problems as running two trains in the same direction on the same track are simplified greatly if you are able to cut off the current from any section of the track without dis- turbing the rest of the system. Suppose, for example, that. you wish to- run two trains so that one follows another. Put the faster train in ‘front and when it gets too far ahead of the second train, stop it at a station while the you can keep the faster train just behind the slower train by momentarily opening and closing the switches controlling the current to the track sections over which the faster train is passing. There are almost endless’ possibilities for the development of electric. control for model railways and, luckily ‘enough, the main requirement is time, since bell are quite cheap.

January, 192%

other train picks up the lost ground. Or wire, knife switches, and other supplies, Practica Booxs THAT. WILL RAISE YOUR PAY W RITTEN in easy-to- -understand non-technical language these - books will help you in your chosen trade. Every book is an entire course of instruction condensed into one volume, Thousands of men have used them to increase their pay. You will find them full of informa- tion and ideas that will help you raise your pay. Painting and Decorating Ross Crane Book of Home Furnishing and Decotstyen 25.3: oes oth $3.00 House Painting Methods with the Brush and Spray Gun, by Yentnrrans. WUGIE, Vio <h Siblelpln’ + doth Bs Cae ne ake Interior Wall Decoration, by Vander- WOU 58. «sateen Leatherette $4.00 The Mixing of Colors and Paints, by Vanderwalker............. Cloth $2.00 A Show at Show Cards...... Cloth -00 Sign Painting, by Atkinson...Cloth © $4.00 Strong’s Book of Designs Lemtherette is. ia vis vteeedsaecs $4.00 Modern Painter’s Cyclopedia Cloth $2.00 Automobile Painting......... Cloth $1.50 New Hardwood Finishing..... Cloth $1.50 Steam Engineering Swingle’s Handbook for Steam Engineers and_ Electricians. Leatherette $4.00 Examination Questions and Answers for Marine and_ Stationary Engineers. Lemtherette ois oan cu sci sae kts -00 Steam Boilers......... Leatherette $2.00 Swingle’s Catechism of Steam, Gas and Electrical Engineering. Leatherette $1.50 Carpentry Books Cloth Binding Modern Carpentry, 2 vols.:....... The Steel Square, 2 vols........... $3.00 Modern Estimator................ $1.50 SiMe? MISMIRE - 5. oe. Kase so eos $2.00 Builder’s Architectural Drawing.. $2.00 CRG ania bw Fp cpa BOS s 30:8 -50 Practical Bungalows.............. $1.00 Roof Framing, by Van Gasbeek.... $1.50 Electrical Books Telephony, Including Automatic Switching, by Smith. 450 pp. Leatherette $2.50 Practical Applied Electricity....... Wiring Diagrams and sen Te teed $1. 50 Armature and Magnet Winding. . $1.50 Electric Motors, D. & A........... $1.50 CHECK —the books you want and mail today with your remittance. We will send you the books you order on our guarantee that if you are not thoroughly satisfied with them we will re- turn your money. PopuLar Science MonrHLy 250 Fourth Avenue New York POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Gentlemen: Please send me the books I have eis for which I enclose my remittance of $.:.... am ordering these books on the basis that if I he not satisfied my money will be refunded. Name.......... seer eres oeseeees eoeere

January,

ee quscecucest — 7

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peciall splinte been floors be rel difficu self w provid time a The floors much North expens own f£ that t

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© This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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January, 1926 | The hipshape S Home — KeEeEpPinG the floors How to Lay of a home ship- shape is a perpe- New Floors tual problem, es- pecially if the wood is of a poor and splintery quality, or if the floors have been abused or neglected. When the floors are in really bad shape, they must be relaid. Fortunately that is not a difficult job. It is one you can do your- self with a saw, hammer, and square, provided you are willing to take a little time and pains. The popular material for wooden floors just now is oak, which makes a much finer looking surface than yellow or North Carolina pine, although it is more expensive. Maple also is used. My own preference is for oak, as I believe that the additional expense for material ul | Ries h | 4 = % nade ax ~ ACIS SA = can be disregarded when one is doing the work himself and consequently saving the cost of labor. There are at least four thicknesses of flooring from which to choose. As your old floor probably is worn so unevenly as to have depressions here and there, it is better to use rather thick stock for the new floor to prevent the boards from springing. The % or 5%-in. thickness is perhaps the most practical. In es- timating your flooring at the }4- or 5-in. thickness, allow 50 per cent more than the actual area if the boards are to be 1} in. wide, or 88 1/8 per cent extra if they are 24% in. wide. The narrower flooring is, of course, the better. _ Have the old floor dry. Do not mop it beforehand, but sweep it elean. Lay damp-proof paper over the old floor—not common building paper, but .some kind that really will stop dampness from g coming through. Lay the new boards at right angles to a the old floor boards, after nailing down m as solidly as possible any loose or * springy places in the old floor. Start the first board by placing its groove to the wall after having removed the quarter-round or base-shoe molding. Do not, however, push the first board lightly against the base. Leave a space of 4 in, to allow for any possible expan- POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY research. - Sos tof- MICADON VY¥PE 640 02 MFD. PATENTS PENDING MICADONS Found in famous radio sets In radio sets that have earned fame and a repu- tation for quality, you will find Micadons—the foremost fixed condensers of radio. Over 25 Million in Use More than 25 million Micadons are today giving satisfactory service—they are found in 90% of all the radio sets in use. The reason is Dublier Knows how to make efficient fixed condensers and their methods are fully pro- tected by basic patents. result of twenty years intensive, scientific Dubilier J — i ae CONDENSER AND RADIO CORPORATION 169 Micadons are the © 140-page Book full of life- size ruled forms, each one completly filled in. The an- swer to problems of account- ing and record keeping for any business or profession. Send for this FREE Book today Jotm C, Moore Corporation ; Established 1839) 3052 Stone St., Rochester} N.Y. § MOORES systems In Use In More Than 300,000 Offices CIS) lee said ond Rid of tot bale int signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. MLO Tis © DIAMONDS WATCHES DIAMONDS ine Diamonds Guarai c CASH oe CREDIT lll See Will WATCHES GIFTS . Diamonds Win Hearts— Win Her With a Diamond Ticgessfet - wee Send for Catalog Over 2,000 illustrations of Diamond-set jewelry. Pearls, Watches, Wrist Watches, Mesh Bags, Sil- verware, etc. Sent prepaid for your Free Exam- ination. Catalog explains everything. ; Money Back If Not Satisfied A x o. ris ° ne anton beckon Jewel f — | ee ofa Gig pevasent of 88-00] Dial, 8301 : ROrses BROS 2 CO. mal Se 871

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RLIIZER R LIZ **Bill Carola”* Landaus _ Serenaders Couldn *t Play a Note— Now Makes *100~ “When I sent for your catalog, I didn’t naan “3 note of music. A te months after I bought my Wurlitzer instrument, I had taken my place in a professional orchestra. Now I am making $100 a week, three times what I made asaclerk. I _ everybody ed — wep is— anyone who can whistle a tune can learn to a musi- cal instrument.”—Bill Caro ied Free Trial—Easy Payments You may now have any Wurlitzer instrument fora week’sfree trialin your own home. Examine the instrument, note the fine workmanship, the full, rich tone value and especially how easy it is to play. No obligation to buy—no expense for the trial. We make thisliberal offer because we want you to try for yourself a genuine Wur- litzer instrument, the result of 200 years’ experi- ence in musical instrument building. Easy payments are arranged to suit your con- venience. Thisis your opportunity to try a fam- ous Wurli instrument in your own home. describes every known musical lear go a than 3000 ar- ticles, many of them shown in full . colors. All MF. Worlitzer instru- ments—buy direct from Wurlitzer > and save mone offers on complete outfits. We also give you our Free Trial, Easy Payment Plan, No obligation. i; Send mo rgur Free Book asical instraments, Also | B + Free Trial, . Hasy Payment Plane No x kes a a Copyright 2935, ThaRudoloh Wurlitewr Go- POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY (Continued from page 109) sion later on. The molding will cover this opening when it is replaced. For the same reason do not cut the boards too long; they need not be exactly correct in length, as the molding will conceal any irregularities. Endeavor, as far as possible to use boards that will go right across the room in one piece. When shorter pieces must be used, be sure that the joints in two adjacent strips do not come opposite each other. The boards are fastened by what is known as blind nailing; that is, the nail is driven at an angle through the board, starting just where the tongue joins the edge of the board. The angle should be about 50 degrees from the horizontal. amctadace ed wire finishing nails, which are obtainable at any hardware store, may be used for 14-in. flooring, or a smaller size of cement-coated nails. Regular cut flooring nails should be used, if they can be had, for %-in. thick flooring. The nails should be spaced not farther than 16 in. apart and if the board is at all warped, it is advisable to place the nails closer together, say 12 or 14 in. It is most important not to damage the -face of the boards with-the hammer. A punch may be used to drive the nails home if any difficulty is experienced. If ‘the tongue of a board is broken or battered, it should be broken off carefully with the claws of the hammer so that there will be nothing to prevent the next board from closing tightly. After the floor is well started, so that there is little danger of moving the boards already laid, a piece of waste flooring or a length of two-by-four may be placed on the old floor against the tongue of the piece being laid, and hammered hard enough to force the new board into place. Be careful, however, not to damage the tongue. On laying the last board, leave a space for expansion, as in the beginning. If this is not done and the floor becomes damp, it may bulge up at some point with such force as to pull the nails. There is then no way of repairing it except to relay the floor. T= next step is to scrape the wood to make the joints perfectly smooth. This is done with a steel scraper, prefer- ably of a handled type. Scrapers may be made, however, from mowing-machine sections or from old saw blades. Scrap- ing is hard work and perhaps it is ad- visable to have a professional floor- finisher come in with machines to do the surfacing, if there is one in your locality. Even unscraped floors, if of oak, will be much better than the average floor found in ordinary new dwellings. The boards next are sandpapered by placing a sheet of No. 14% sandpaper around a flat-surfaced block. The dust must be removed by sweeping and wiping or with a vacuum cleaner. If the floor is of clear selected oak, a natural paste wood filler should be applied according to the directions on the container. Cheaper grades, which show (Continued on page 111) January, 19% in po aod day. and you ca make large fuel savin, eg well by installing — a CROWN FUEL SAVER and Smoke Abater on the feed door of your furnace. This device is attached to your furnace feed door. Mixes red hot oxygen with smoke gases over fire bed. Gets more heat from the fuel. 20% Saving in Fuel We guarantee it to save that much; often saves more. . Easily installed. Entirely automatic. WRITE TODAY! Full informa- ® tion free, LIVE DISTRIBUTORS WANTED! Profitable, sub- stantial income assured. Cc. F.S. CO. 11 N. 10th Street Richmond, Ind, Sole Canadian Distributor: 33 St. Vincent St., Montreal, Canada. BIG NOVELTY BARGAIN! 10 Cts THE | VENTRILO, little instrument, fitsin the of sight, a with above for Bird Cal structions; anyone can useit, NEVER FAT 9 PAGE BOOK ON VENTRILO USM Peecnts ret Writing, 12 M marvelous “NOV ELT X-RAY WONDER our fingers, the mouth ou etc. Sent with full in. A 2c ‘Stamp 0 _—will start you ol the road.to success. See Money Making Oppor tunities on pages 120 to 150 ‘I Need Branch Managers © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

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January, 1926 Know the facts in F mean more money and better An nag ane ‘They es Guides you all you need to know about Destroy, very subject covered so can understand it. Easy to study and apply. A com plete, practical wor ng course, in 10 volumes. Books are pocket 3 flexible covers. Order a set to-day to look over, HAWKINS GUIDES 3500 PAGES 1 A VOLUME 4700 PICTURES 1 A MONTH These books tell you all about — Magnetism — Induction — Experiments— Dynamos— Electrie Machinery — Motors — Armateres—- Awmatare Windings ae a speonmes— Rigreaen pe ment Tes an ent 0 amos Motors--Distribution Systems: Wiring-Wirlvg Diagrams —Sign Flashers—Storage Batteries—Principles of Alter- nating Currents and ternators—Alternating Current Ln Ce Eee Br, Nw ee | HB natin; rren reu ers— Instruments—Switeh Boards—Wirin: Rae Mew ay eye ighting—Railways. man. i - cations of Electricity and Ready Reference Index, " SHIPPED TO YOU FREE Notacent topay until you see the books. Noobligation tobuy unless you aresatisfied: Send Coupon pow, teeey —and get this great pea ee? and seeif it is not wort $100 to you—pay $1.00 a month forten monthsor returnit. Sgree to send $ to further mail you $1 each month until for MACHINISTS and MAKERS are shown new 1926 ; me sen and sizes oS . A postal bring the '. H. GERSTNER & SONS 525 Columbia St., Dayton. 0. Write Today For Our 64 Page Catalog of RADIO BARGAINS RANDOLPH RADIO CORP. 159 N. UNION AV. Dept 3 CHICAGO, ILL. BIRCAINS GUIDE it ideas, Fe ae aaa cokcupe with illustrations’ Boeure tones tis thoifiy book netare ful? Gaoysual: “i . Write letter or c BARAWIK CO. 102-1255. Canal St. U.S.A Why Not Solve Your Saw Problems With This Regular Tool? POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY (Continued from page 110) sap flaws, require a light golden-oak shade of filler. A thin solution of burnt umber and turpentine then may be applied to the light places to bring the flooring to an even color. When the filler has dried flat, which takes about half an hour or less, it must be rubbed off across the grain with a cloth, excelsior, or oakum. Allow the filler to dry hard before applying the first coat of finishing ma- terial, This may be floor varnish or white shellac. At least two coats of varnish or two coats of shellac, followed by a coat or two of floor wax, should be applied. The varnish also can be waxed, if desired. An old, heavy cotton mitt of the padded kind is useful for applying the wax. Spread as even a coat as possible and when the floor is covered, go back to the beginning and start polishing. A floor brush of special design for polishing is easiest to use, although cloths or a dry mitt will serve. If the cloths are wrapped about a heavy flat-iron or other weight, the labor will be lightened. The finishing stroke should be with the lay of the board. Hard rubbing is necessary. While a good grade of floor varnish gives a harder surface than. wax over shellac, it is more difficult to patch any worn places. Protecting the surface is what counts in the life of a floor. If you go to the trouble of laying a good floor of this kind, it certainly pays to spend the little time necessary to see that the finish is never worn through.—GEORGE G. MCVICKER. WHILE rattling doors, which cause annoyance in many houses, can be fixed by the method of moving the strike plate in the door jamb toward the door stop just the right amount, it often happens that the amount of play in ADJUSTING SCREW-’] a door is so slight \ | | that one wishes for a still simpler remedy. To move the strike plate even a trifle involves chiseling the mor- tise wider, plug- ging the old screw holes, and then, if the distance has not been gaged exactly right, _— : | the plate enoug lmmnnntt if LT al Stopping Doors from Rattling to allow the catch .and lock to enter their slots. The same effect can be obtained, although it is perhaps not so workman- like a repair, by inserting a common wood screw into the narrow face of the door stop as shown, opposite the lock. A slight turn of the screw will give the correct adjustment to prevent rat- tling.—E. Crossy Doucury. Ascrew takes up all the “play” 111 ASK ..ANY..RADIO . . ENGINEER ~ Woe Sar Batteries - Ne Ke ate the rece Feosiving ests af radio~ Ye equipped mail planes S An every-night adventure of Burgess Radio Batteries Oz of the reasons why you should always buy Burgess Radio Batteries is that the batteries used by air- mail pilots —battleships —ex- plorers—and the majority of recognized radio engineers — are evolved in the Burgess Laboratories and manufac- tured in the Burgess factory. These batteries are identi- cal with the batteries sold by your dealer and thousands of other good dealers every- where. Burcess Batrery ComMPANY Genera Sates Orrice: Cuicaco Canadian Factories and Offices: Niagara Falls and Winnipeg I | BURGESS a_h | BATTERY

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112 Here Are T wo of My Champs JOE CANAMARE Welterweight JIMMY MENDOZA Bantamweight Winners of First Championship Contest Selected and Trained by JIMMY DeFOREST World’s Greatest Trainer Here are two of my Champs! How would you like to be one of them? They were selected from the thousands who have completed the JIMMY De- FOREST Boxing Course by Mail. I brought them to my Long Branch, N. J., Camp at my own expense where I finished off im person their training for the ring. Now they have tasted some of the glory of a New York City bout. I will select another lot of Champs in six months. Will you be one of them? You May Be a Champion You have as much chance as the next fellow— and it does not make any difference whether you’ve ever had a Boxing Glove on or not. Most of my boys were the rawest novices when they enrolled for my Complete Course by Mail. Now many of them are finished Boxers earning real money in the ring and some of them are actual contenders for championship titles! I Will Make You a Skilled Boxer In 20 Weeks I start you at the very beginning. I teach you step by step every blow, every attack, every defense, every trick and every bit of ring strategy that I taught Jack Dempsey, Firpo, Joe Gans, Pal Moore and a host of other champions and great contenders whom I have trained. Everything I know about Boxing has been set down in one complete Course, that you can master just as thousands of others have done, without leaving your home or interfering with your work. Box for Health and Wealth Boxing is acknowledged to be the greatest of all bod iy conditioners. It develops Muscle, Alertness, Poise, Se Confidence; enables you to protect yourself and keeps you in the ‘‘Pink of Condition.” Many prominent men and leaders in all walks of life Box regularly to keep them- selves fit. If you become a_ skilled boxer you can make more money, enjoy more luxuries and freedom than you can by following any other occupation. Fortunes are being made in the ring by lads who formerly could hardly make a de- cent living. This is the GOLDEN AGE OF BOXING! This Wonder Book Will Open Your Eyes Read ‘‘The Golden Age of Boxing’’ if you want to en- joy the most fascinating book of its kind ever written. It contains numerous otos of World’s Champions and actual ring battles. It explains in detail how I teach Box- ing so successfully by mail. It shows some of the newly devised picture charts I use in my Instructions. It con- tains a complete outline of my Course week by week, scenes at my well-known camp, photos of somie of the lads I have trained by Mail. You'll prize this wonder book. Don’t fail to read it. It may change your whole life from drudgery and mene ge to Prominence and Wealth. Send Oc to cover cost of mailing and I'll send you a copy at once. This is YOUR OPPORTUNITY. Mail the Coupon TODAY! f—---CLIP AND MAIL TODAY-==—= , JIMMY DeFOREST BOXING COURSE I 3 347 Madison Avenue, Box 769, New York City | Gentlemen— | Enclosed find ten cents, for which please send me i your book, ‘‘The Golden Age of Boxing,’’ without obligation on my part. t | (Print Plainly) | i i | MOMS... vehbmosinponelldt nuh bi. bth die se bono l iy | ee ee AE RS OR eee «77S OTS l | | S Cihy2i.. eee mo Stabe ond pe 4 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

: Bette ie Shop M ethods (Continued from page 76) Old Bill Says— Kee objects from under the toolpost washer; they may cause trouble when you are turning a piece of work within close limits.

If the belt is slack on your lathe or on any other machine, have it taken up. Some workmen never .seem to have the slightest notion of what it costs to run a machine shop. They must think the tools can be bought at a 10-. cent store. The first step in setting up a job is to think out the easiest and quickest way to do it.

Old Bill, machine- shop foreman A drill press: table full of holes or alathe faceplate cut up are unsightly and the badge of poor workmanship; both can be avoided with a little care. Every job or piece of work you dois a personal advertisement, and it ‘is up to you whether it is a good or a bad advertisement. When a drill squeaks in the hole, it is often a sign that the side clearance has been worn away. Trying to force the drill in this condition may result in breaking it. Carbon tool steel is often superior to high speed steel for putting a good finish on work. If you remove the center from the headstock of your lathe for any reason, always plug the hole with a piece of = waste or a rag to keep out the rt. A flat drill will drill certain hard, tough materials easier and faster than a twist drill.

Burnishing Broach Gives High Polish to Brass Bushings

BESS bushings and babbitted bear- ings may be sized accurately and given a high polish by using a broach made as illustrated rather than by ream- ing. The tool is used in an arbor press and simply is forced through the work. It will do faster work than a reamer, and on soft metals will leave a finish beyond compare. It is made of tool steel; hardened and highly polished. The first tooth should be ground .015 in. under size and the remaining teeth ~ should taper up to the finish size on the last , three teeth.—H. L. WHEELER:

© . This seal-on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the:approval of the. INSTITUTE: OF- STANDARDS. See-page'S.. 5 January, 1925 Squab Book FREE Printed in COLORS. Enlarged. Much News, Squabs are raised in one month, tla ‘mal for hi prices. Greatest we market for for 20 years ped breeding them. We e fives months’ trial so ee b;

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Largest Catalog Issued —FREE Samples loaned class officers. Prices $.20 to $8.00 each. No order for class, society or club em- blems too large or too small. Special designs made on re- quest. METAL ARTS CO., Inc., 7706 South Ave., Rochester, N.Y; “LIGHTING FIXTURES” - Ready to hang. Direct from the manufacturer. Completely wired, including assware, Send for New Catalogue No. 27 PEE. 4 ust reduced prices) al proposition to Dealers ERIE | FIXTURE SUPPLY CO. Desk A, Erie, ‘Pa. BUCHSTEIN'S FIBRE LIMB is soothing to your stump— strong, cool; neat, light. Easy payments.

THousa! NDS of boys are made happy with this wonderful Zip- “ Zip shooter, something every nn wants and never gets tired of. Zip shooter is eee pow’ and ia tically made; boys, if youl ke hunting Zip-Zip shooter wi plenty of bop aad fo force and learn that quick an your not boheve them, order from us oot-

- INYOUR HOME Practical Movie Ma- chines in many won- derful models, some as low as $3.75 use same m as big the- aires. Ba films at lowest prices film service. Many Siblical films. ite for free illustrated catalog. PARAMOUNT MFG. CO. Dept. PS8,120 High St., Boston, Mass. AGENTS 500% PROFIT GENUINE GOLD LEAF LETTERS Guaranteed to never tarnish. Anyone can ut them on stores and office windows. ormous demand, large profits, Paul Clark says: smallest day $28. 70. R.L. Reel made - $920 in two months. Write today for free sample and liberal offer to general agents. METALLIC LETTER CO., 433A N. Clark Street, Chicago LLAS* < ow

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fee we Oe aanrr ff” & tl emms 6 es 8 Of se. S32. ek = =. January, 1926 ‘POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY wywetses SS oe | plant in Philadel- eS = en sererare wo aKoho) IM aia akoxaly Tricks that Are a Help in Repairing Roller Bearings SSEMBLING roller bearings of the spiral type usually can be accom- plished quickly if advantage is taken of several little kinks that simplify the work. Before slipping a housing over a bearing, the rollers open up and will not enter the bore. There is no room to place a shield or tin ring around them, but itis necessary only to tie them tightly to the shaft with one turn of ordinary string. This will hold them until the housing has been drawn over them and then the soft SHAFT SLIPPED INTO BEARING SHAFT STEEL SLEEVE QO - same TAPERED El iD HOUSING SLIPPED OVER BEARING . é " String used to hold rollers together (at left) and liner for taking up play (at right) string will tear without interfering with the proper functioning of the bearing. To slip a shaft into a roller nest, there must be a taper on its entering edge. If the shaft end is not tapered, break down the corner with a file. The replacement of an auto bearing is often costly. Roller bearings of the type illustrated usually are used with a split steel sleeve and the wear may be on the inner surface of this sleeve or on the surface of the shaft itself. In either case, the total amount of wear should be determined. If it is desired to save the expense of a new bearing, take up the play by inserting a thin sheet metal strip behind the steel sleeve, as shown. This steel shim stock can be obtained in any width and thickness. When deciding the thickness of shim stock necessary, make allowance for a few thousandths play: The writer has re- shimmed bearings of this type as often as three times. Thin brass also is suit- able for shim stock, but in no case use paper.—J. V. R. Drilling a Bent Hole [N THE experi- mental depart- ment of a large phia, the hydrau- lie engineer re- quired a \4-in. hole drilled in a BEND IN plece of copper, sTRAIGHTENED BAR as in the lower view. This was accomplished by first making a templet and bending the copper, as shown in the upper view. The hole was drilled, tapped at each end for a plug, and filled with sand. After that: the bar was reheated and PAST twenty years, Fatima has been idely imitated probably, than any WHAT’ A WHALE OF A DIFFERENCE JUST A FEW CENTS MAKE LIGGETT & Myers TosBacco Co, straightened.—V. K. hs Xo a oy-a W-\ ol e- JUST OUT! SEND FOR YOUR COPY RANDQLPH RADIO CORP. 159 N. UNION AV. Dept. 3 CHICAGO, ILL. HAVE You AN INVENTION? Ifso the WORLD PROGRESS will send you upon request sample copy Free containing Susge: t iB re Ang LF pening ayes Needed. We invite manufacturers address us regarding inven- tions they want. Subscription for one year 60 cents. WORLD PROGRESS PUB. CO., INC. Room 202 Victor Bidg. Washington, D. C. FLY ¥ 1 viation. Build this classy plane and learn to wg a ae Peprerde or our a anete ris} This seal on a radio or teol advertisement stg ithun thewaiigitaral of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6: SEE— the big Prize Offer on page 4 of this issue OWN A, TYPEWRITER The ace of. writing machines—at a bargain price! A free trial, and easiest monthly payments if you buy! This Unde No.5—rebuilt from top to bottom— Sive-year-guaranteed—removes the last reason for not owning Pn d own machine. Get our proposition with new an — La nigga nar othr te ypewritin anual, large catalog, an FREE! full 5 ham Ke of tne course in touch © writin . if you mail this to SHripmMaNn- Warp Mpc. Co., 2141 ShipmanB Name [Address Chicago. Le

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY This Lathe in Your Shop Soon Earns Its Own Cost on Our Easy Payment Plan We will ship you any size South Bend Lathe on terms of a small payment down and balance in convenient monthly payments. In this way the Lathe saves and earns its own cost. Note Our Low Net Factory Prices Qn South Bend Screw Cutting Standard Change Gear Lathes 9’ x 3 Lathe - $211 15” x 4 Lathe - > $376 10”x 3 “ - 24 16” x 438 wx FY “* = 18” x 17 Ee 656 Quick Change Gear Lathes in the above sizes can be furnished at a slight increase in price. . a shows 96 styles and sizes FREE CATALOG Write for it today. IS) SOUTH BEND LATHE WORKS $18 E. Madison St. South Bend, Ind. prc pathy ei i Well made and ef. fective; modelled on latest type of Revolver; appearance alone is magazine that $ million peopleread. You When taedit - be can try unbiased digest of domestic and world affairs for a tri- effective as @ resirevol, fle. The Pathindee is in a class by itself—nothing else to equal it; yer without danger to life time-tested, wholesome. Chuck full of the we poeeee Price Soc Superior qual cream of everything. Science, politics, trave in, question health, radio etc. ;real stories, for all. Send 15c (coin acoane for this big paper on trial 13 weeks, or $1forfullyear (52issues), Pathfinder, Washington, D. Cc. apenny nay) from this vise / Se Musical Popularity Ability to play a musical instrament always wins popularity. But that is only | yee more than a strong arm and a = of pliers to take away from a Luther Vise anything it’s holding onto! pictures—instruction, entertainment | This husky little work-pal has a bull-dog grip that hangs on like grim death! It won’t let go until you are ready to have it let go. Has a wider jaw spread than any other vise of the same size. Extra heavy steel screw, accurately machined. Rugged brass feed screw nut. Strong, heavy pan- elled slide bar. y ma- chined and fitted together. Buy this better vise at any good hardware — Ask for “Luther”. Four sizes—1¥/2", ’, 22", and 3”’ jaw spread. Write for free copy of interesting booklet: “Tighten Up” LUTHER GRINDER MFG. COMPANY Dept. A, Milwaukee, Wis. Also manufacturers of high quality Lecter tool Goendees. QUALITY-BUILT VISES one of many advantages that come to those who play Hohner Harmonicas. Hohner Harmonicas win popularity, ad- miration and friendship. They stimulate interest in ne peor i a 0 of accuracy an y.the foundation for musical education and supply clean, wholesome entertainment for the player and his audience as well. ~ Anyone can learn to play a Hohner Har- monica with the aid of the Free Instruc- tion Book. Ask your dealer for one today; if he is out o. copies write M. Hohner, Inc., Dept. 182, 114 East 16th Street, New York City. “That Musical Pal of Mine” ZHOHNER?Z ARMONICAS a ee ee ee, ee oe | January, 1926 Two Cheap Tap Wrenches Used in Making Trammel Points ‘Two tap wrenches bought for 25 cents each were used in making the machinist’s trammels illustrated. The wrenches are clamped to the beam, which is flattened on top, by means of knurled screws. One point has an auxiliary screw for fine adjustments. A swivel handle at the top of each tram is an advantage, as it enables the trams to be swung around more con- veniently. The points and caliper legs can be made to suit individual needs.—D. T. %e Dia: a %2 SCREW % GIB SCREWS Details of one end of the trammels Gang Tool-Holder for Facing Shoulders on a Lathe FACING several shoulders on repetition work ean be done at the same time with a gang tool-holder such as is illustrat- ed. This effects a saving of time and assures that successive pieces will be duplicates. Several tools may be held in this holder for facing shoulders on duplicate pieces The tool-holder is made of machine steel, and high-speed steel bits are held in the slots with setscrews.—G. A. L. _ @ This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS... ' Sée'page 6” en eee | f

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January, 1926

IRID Air Valves make cold radiators hot. Attach easily to any steam radiator without tools — | | need no adjusting — never | leak—make no noise. Sold | at heating and plumbing f stores. Only $1.60.

hha a Sk A ALE AMERICAN RADIATOR PANY | 1813 Elmwood: Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. ' Send mea trial Airid (one only). (Guaranteed | 5 years.) (This will be mailed C.O.D., or | | enclose check or money order for $1.60.)

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How to Avoid Failure in Making a Sine Bar FROM the standpoint of the machinist . or toolmaker who has to make a sine bar, the design illustrated below has the advantage that there is no danger of grind- ing and lapping the center distance under size, which would entail scrapping the work. If it should be ground or lapped under the finished size, the button-resting surface opposite the 35-degree angle is ground or lapped a suf- ficient amount to correct the error. The same means may be used to correct the bar if at any time it should “go out” because of the distortion of the steel. This cannot be done with an ordinary sine bar. The buttons may be flush with the sides or left projecting at one side, as desired. When flush with the sides, they do not permit as great an angle to be measured, but they will serve all ordinary NO.6-32 SGREWS (HEADS COUNTERBORED) RN x 3%: y Ys SP V/A C La y Details of a sine bar, which may be made larger or smaller to meet special conditions

Set up for use | ert

purposes, as the bar may be used with either side to the angle plate. The button distance may be increased if a larger bar is required, but the 3-in. size is handy for small work. The holes for the screws that hold the buttons are at an angle of 45 degrees. The plugs and bar should be made of a good grade of tool steel, hardened, ground, and lapped all over with the most precise accuracy.—E.T.W. Wire Clips for Lamp Cords or Air-Hose Lines P? RTABLE lamp cords, air hose, and other flexible lines, such as_ those carrying coolants to machine cut- ters, often are fastened tempor- arily in place with bits of wire or pieces of cord, al- though the prac- tice admittedly is not workman- like. It is much better to use clips or hangers. By bending )-in. spring steel wire as shown, a type of clip may be made that can be attached to all kinds of supports and put to many different uses. As any scraps of steel wire can be used, a set of these-clips need not cost a cent.—GEORGE A. LUERS.

@ © This seal. on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.

He had the right idea Othe fellows had left him in the social background. Girls avoided him. He was missing all the modern fun be- cause he had “‘nothing to offer to help others have a good time.’ And he knew it. Then one day he read an advertisement. It held out a promise of popularity if he learned to play a BUESCH: ruevione SAXOPHONE ™”™ He knew that was the right idea. He had known it for a long time, but he thought he was musically dumb. ‘‘Still, the ad said it was easy.”” He mailed the coupon, and later sent for a Saxophone for 6 daysfreetrial. Beforethe end of that period he was playing feasy tunes. That was three months ago, and today he’s the sheik of his set. He’s making nice side-money too playing with a local dance orchestra. You Can Do lt Too! If You Try Anyone who can whistle a tune can master it quickly. 3 lessons free with each new instrue- ment teach scales in an hour and within a week start you playing poo<tee tunes. From then on its great fun learning, and even though ou’ re only interested for pleasure now, you can a 90 days, if you wish, join a band or orchestra. Six Days Free Trial - Easy Terms You take no risk when you order a Buescher for ourself or for a gift. We will send you any trument you choose, Saxophone, Cornet, Trombone, Trumpet, on six ys free trial. This places you under no obligation. If you like the instrument and decide to keep it, pay alittle each month. Get the details of this wonderful plan. Clip the coupon below. Send it for the freeliterature. Send it today. Now. BUESCHER BAND INSTRUMENT Co. Everything in Band and Orchestra Instruments 1357 Buescher Block Elkhart, Indiana "s 3 This 64 page book tells about the various models with pictures of profes- poms maine them. per for copy of this wonderful AXOPHONE *BOOK Clip the Coupon NOW!)

meee www wo ewe i Buescher Band Instrument Co. ' { , 1357 Buescher Block, Elkhart, Indiana. 4 i I am interested in instrument checked below. i Saxophonef]) CornetQ) Trombone{] Trumpet{] ; { (Mention any other instrument interested in) 3 t SL a PT LA eee ee ae | t Street Additess.-<:... 2 j aaa ceccamtiblaiiiua State . H 3 ae

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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY ., Machines Win or ~Lose—on a Dial Invention, designing, ma- chine development: — all lead up to the record on a COUNTER. What production? On the dial of the Counter the game goes on. Gains in produc- tion—good moves mechanically. Losses due to mistakes in mech- anism or operating-method. Your new machine may beat all, potentially. But where you see the winning score; where you see what “plays” made Goal—is here i —on the dial of your COUNTER The large Re-Set Revolution Counter above records the output of any machine where a shaft-revolution indicates an operation. Sets back to zero from any figure by turn- ing knob once round. Supplied with from four to ten figure-wheels, as required. Price with four figure-wheels, as illustrated, $10.00 subject to discount. Cut less than one-half size. Set-Back Rotary Ratchet Counter, to record reciprocating move- mehts as to presses, $11.50 (list.) Speed Counter Here’s the handiest instrument for finding revolutions-per-minute of a shaft or flywheel. You hold the tip of the counter against end of revolving shaft; press lightly when the second hand of your watch comes to 0; release pressure when minute is up. A spring clutch controls the recording mechanism. (Cut less than \ size) For keeping motors, generators and ma- chines running at efficient speeds. Price, with two rubber tips, (as illustrated) $3.50. FREE: The foremost book- let on Counters, to help in your development work. The Veeder Mfg.Co. 44 Sargeant St., Hartford, Conn. .| heavy so that the press will stand hard sXexncale acoho) os (ere voxels How to Make a Press for Relining Brake Bands By Frank N. Coakley F°Or the garage man or other mechanic who has a great many brake band worth making. No patterns or castings are required. ll the parts are especially usage and will serve for other purposes. The maker can use his own judgment in the matter of sizes, however, and be guid- ed by his own requirements and the scrap material available in the shop junk heap and elsewhere. The main frame is a length of 10-in. I- beam. It either is set in the floor in con- crete or fastened to the end of a bench. To the top of the beam a- 4-in. plate 2 in. longisriveted. This plate supports the 3% by 7 in. angles, that act as the side guides and the fulcrum plates for the top lever. This lever is 2 ft. 6 in. long between the centers of the pinholes. MEN The ram end is drilled Wex2e' FLAT for a %-in. pin. The rod end is provided with a \%-in. hole. Regular brake-rod fad 2, ends can be used as connections for the pull rod, which is provided renewal jobs, the press illustrated is well | with a turnbuckle for adjustment. The ped- ¢* al is built from ANGLE 2 piece of % by 2% in. flat steel. A small piece of angle is riveted to the end to provide a - foot rest. A piece of 3% by 7 in. angle ee PIN \0"I-BEAM is riveted to the beam to act as a iH" 7 — fulcrum point for 3Y¥2'x T'ANGLE A-A the foot lever. A Side view of press and spring is provided as shown to act asa pull back for both the top and the bottom levers. A shelf made from a piece of 6 by 6 in. angle is riveted to the beam 2 ft. 6 in. from the floor. A hole is provided through which the riveting block pin projects so that it will be kept central. The ram of the slide is made from a piece of 2 by 3 in. flat steel. A hole is drilled in the bottom to hold the riveting punch, which is held in place by a setscrew. The top end of the ram is rounded to allow the top lever to slide on it easily. A strip of brass is placed between the ram and the beam. A piece 2 in. square is bolted between the two side angles and acts as a front plate. A slotted hole is provided in the lower end of these angles to allow. a pin in the ram to slide up and down. To this pin two springs are fastened to act as a pull back for the ram. section through ram GLass may be filed with comparative ease if the work is done under water. This insures that the file will not become dull so rapidly. ; —— — = EI ee EE i FYOURRLERREBWEaKe. wa AD . Approved and Listed Solid Rubber Case Radio Batteries | 2S Standard by Leading Authorties x CHICAGO, ILL. STUART’S PLAPAO= PADS are different from the truss, being mechanico- chemico applicators made self-adhesive pu ly to hold the distended muscles securely in place. No straps, buckles or spring attached—cannot slip, so cannot chafe or press ageluet the pubic bone. Thousands have _ success- , Reduced fully treated themselves at * Reduced Fa Sine Poe ork ge aearance fae Gold Medal cases conquered. Soft as Grand Prix velvet—easy to apply—inexpensive. Awarded Gold Medal and nd Prix. of recovery is natural, so vets — as a for jae ae We prove sen pao absolu ° Wiite name on Coupon and send TODAY. FREE Plapao Co., 790 Stuart Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. Name. Fu or ber ¢ ofter easie strv auxil fixtu illust 3 4 steel the ° in t] The sides pare upol Elli LATEST WH RADIO eer, send name TO- " DAY for big 64-page book expl. g liberal : proposition paying agents $60 to $100 a week, and how to get latest radio goods at Wholesale. Live dealers and agents wanted STANDARD RADIO CO., 1404 Walnut St., Kansas City, Mo. BARGAINS! SAVE */3 TO ?/2 WRITE FOR CATALOG RANDOLPH RADIO CORP. | 159 §. UNION AY. Dept

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Clamping Fixture for Filing Small Pieces at an Angle PLT an angle on a large num- ber of small pieces often may be made easier by the con- struction of an-- ¢ auxiliary clamp or ° fixture of the type illustrated. This is a piece of flat steel bent to suit the work and held in the bench vise. The bend should be such that the two sides of the fixture will be approximately parallel when the vise iaws are closed upon them. © Elliptical Shaper Tool Insures a Smooth, Shearing Cut QoU ARE NOSED tools tend to dig in when finishing tool steel, or alloy steel in the shaper or planer, which makes it difficult to produce a smooth surface. The tool shown, if used for this pur- pose, will insure a good finish. It is forged in one piece of the best grade of car- bon tool | steel, high speed steel not being recom- mended, and is tempered in the usual way. In section it is slightly elliptical, and is ground at an angle of about 5 deg. so that the cutting point is about midway of the blade. This gives a shear- ing action. The tool is to be used only. for finishing with a light cut and a fine feed. Use oil for best results. —H. L. W. Chuck for Round Blanks EAR blanks. or similar work, may be handled very rapidly and accu- rately for facing or reaming in the chuck illustrated, which is gripped in the usual four-jawed chuck. The spring hole is drilled, the end split, and the clamping screw is put in before the the hole for the blank stock is bored. The clamping screw is tightened a little before bor- ing so that the a will release the work readily when the screw . each: 6a is loosened. This type of chuck may be used again if it is trued up carefully at the first setting, or. it. may .be bored out when necessary to take a blank: of larger size.—S. W. BROWN. ae FLAT STEEL FILING CLAMP

SHAPER= FINISHING

A finishing tool

HOLE INCREASES

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY Klein Pliers Tackle Any Job! OR radio and auto Klein Pliers are indispensable, of course. But that’s not all! Klein’s are plucky pliers that tackle any job with a keen bite and a stubborn grip. Handy fellows in every tool box! Pick upa pair at your hard- ware store. © Mathias & Sons Established 1857 KLEIN Chicago ll USA

iS] This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. DISTANCE THE OBEDIENT SLAVE TO YOUR DESIRES APEX mastery over the most ad- vanced radio engineering principles makes distance the obedient slave of your desires and places at your in- stant command the whole continent of radio enjoyment. The infinite cate and skill em- ployed in perfecting the mechanical construction of APEX Radio Appa- ratus is radiantly reflected in the rich beauty of design, harmony of proportion and elegance of finish that stamp all APEX sets with an unmistakable mark of master crafts- manship. Only a dependable merchant is given the APEX dealer franchise. Your APEX dealer will gladly make a personal demonstration of APEX Quality Radio Apparatus. ae APEX ELECTRIC MEG. CO. 1410 bape a 103

Upon request we will gladly mail descrip- tive folder.

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oF SHOW CARD LETTERING learn at Home Here is the very course you need if you want to get a good paying position as a Show Card Letterer or Sign Letterer, or have a business of your own. is course is complete and practical and especially arranged to meet the needs of the student who studies at home. It was written by E. L. Koller, Principal of the School of Art of the International Correspon- dence Schools, member of the American Federation of Arts, and The National Society of Craftsmen. Mr. Koller has had twenty years’ teaching experi- ence, and his success in helping other men and women is an indication of what he can do for you. . L. Wood, a clerk, made more than $700 “on the side’? before he had completed his course also won $125 in prizes. Harry William Lord writes that he has more than doubled his salary as a result of studying this I S. course in spare time. William Whitman, a former wagon builder, now has a sign painting business of his own is earning nearly three times as much as he did before enrolling with the International Correspondence Schools. There is no doubt that Show Card Lettering and Sign Lettering offer a real opportunity to ambitious men and women. Just mark and mail the coupon and we'll gladly send you a booklet telling all about the I. C. S. course in Show Card Lettering, or any other subject in which you are interested. INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS Box 7677-D, Scranton, Penna. The oldest and largest correspondence schools in the world Without cost or obligation on my part, please tell me how I can qualify for the position or in the subject before which I have marked an X: OSHOW CARD LETTERING Business Management OSalesmanship Industrial Management (LjAdvertising (Personnel Organization LijBetter Letters LJBusiness Law L)Stenography and Typing Banking and Banking Law LiBusiness English Accountancy (including oP ee Service ONicholson Cost Accounting Railway Mail Clerk Bookkeeping ory School Subjects Private Secretary High School Subjects (J Spanish Cilllustrating TECHNICAL AND INDUSTRIAL COURSES Electrical Engineering Electric Lighting [ }Mechanical Engineer Architect Architects’ Blueprints Contractor and Builder /)Mechanical Draftsman Architectural Draftsman | }Machine Shop Practice Concrete Builder Railroad Positions Structural Engineer Gas Engine Operating C)Chemist Pharmacy Civil Engineer [Automobile Work Surveying and Mapping Airplane Engines oO00o0 OO

Oooo [Metallurgy Mining Agriculture andgPoultry [jSteam Engineering [) RadiolJMathematics PI asec Sccew ss sosciinvees sncccctensiestpnendetaapnlowaaeananaemat mae Street DBGIODB . Soon cvecinevsnicnidasisis<cbcnducuonsetbesbiedbavipelinaleeabanonaaeanatl City. State.

a. CAPITAL STARTS YOU to become inde-

64 Illustrated Pages of Radio Bargains! Write for Catalog Today RANDOLPH RADIO CORP. 159 N. UNION AV. Dept: 3 CHICAGO, ILL. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

Better Shop Methods. Two Ways of Simplifying Difficult Milling Jobs N OCCASIONS when it has been necessary to bore a tapered. hole with a milling machine, I have used the method shown in the upper view of the accompanying illustration. The guide bar was set on an angle corresponding with the desired taper and fastened to the milling-machine table in the most con- venient manner. An adjustable boring head of a common type without trans- verse screw adjustment was inserted in the spindle to carry the boring tool. The head slide was provided with a contact piece tc strike against the guide barmat each revolution of the spindle. The work was advanced with the finest

| SIDE VIEW END VIEW Boring a tapered hole and using a templet in milling a groove of irregular contour possible feed and the slide, of course, followed the guide bar much the same as a cross slide follows a taper attachment on a lathe. A similar set-up can be used on a drill press when you wish to bore a tapered hole. Another kink I have used is the method of cutting irregular contours in odd shaped: pieces and cams that is illustrated in the lower view. In this instance a groove had to be cut in a steel block. A templet was made to correspond with the desired shape and attached to the piece to act as a profiling guide. A steel disk of suitable diameter was put on the arbor with the mill and so located that it rested on the guide plate when the. mill was in a posi- tion to make the cut. The templet was held in contact with the disk by manipu- lating the vertical and table feeds of the machine.—CHARLES KUGLER. Making Special Necose® | S° MANY uses are found for hexago: stock that it pays even a small shop to keep on hand a few bars of the more common sizes. This stock is especially useful when special hexagon nuts are needed. The only work required is to drill atid tap the holes and cut off the nuts, facing them afterward on a thread arbor. This is so much quicker than machining the:ertire nut that the time saved more than warrants the expense of carrying a few bars of stock.—H. L.

tae, oa — ‘ ‘January, 192%

Save °44.00 on this Beautiful White Enameled Kitchen Cabinet HIS handsome white- enameled kitchen cabinet would cost $65 if bought in a store. If you are handy with tools you can make it at home for $21—or less. A clear sav- ing of $44. One feature of this cabinet is a self-contained seat. An- other attractive feature is the roomy china closet occupying the middle section of the top of the cabinet. Besides the china cupboard, the top section . contains a flour-bin and a closet for sugar, spices, and coffee. The bot- tom section has one large cupboard and three drawers, the lower one being a metal- lined bread and cake con- tainer. There are two large boards that pull out. Ablueprint with full instructions for making this beautiful cabinet can be se- cured by sending 25c to Popuctar Science Monrnty, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York

,.. YeULAR Science MonrHLy |... $0 Fourth Avenue, New York Ei: “ed is 25c for which please send me your blueprint for Kitchen Cabinet including all the latest features—

© This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval.of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6..

=, aS

Page 127

se ond net January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 119 e— “PeKODEL MICROPHONE An exact replica of the trans- mitting microphone used in broadcasting stations. The efficient KODEL SOUND UNIT, with an ingenious new snail- shell horn, mounted inside the microphone case, produces a-re- markably clear, full-toned volume, with every note as rich and true as when it enters the transmitting microphone in the studio. Non-vi- brating tone chamber absolutely eliminates distortion. 00 Radio dealers everywhere have thetia ‘$15 Model incor- porates new ra Jr. unit; with a8 Kodel unit, $20. THE KODEL RADIO CORP. 500 E. Pearl St. Cincinnati, O. Manufacturers of Kodel Radio Receivers and ries, and ris) Homcharger Battery Chargers. Owners of Kodel Broadcasting Station WKRC. Send for program of fs ¥ Black- _ the face or body, TS Teh and Eczema, pees, iy hi ool CLEAR-TONE has hens . Tried. T ree pated end Proven its merits in RE a Teo tect cases. WRITE TODAY: for my FREE Booklet—‘‘A CLEARCTONE nes Py vee receded ‘T cured REE: or fifteen years. 2:8, GIVENS. 253 Chemical Bldg. Kansas City, Ve. rae SIaKoho) I ladaro Draftsman’s Templet Saves Time in Drawing Threads [DRAWING screw threads, which is:a time-consuming detail in the work of every mechanical draftsman, can be expedited by the use of a templet made as shown of eelluloid, wood, or hard rubber. A piece of material 1/16 by 4 by 5 in. makes a templet of a handy size, but the dimensions can be larger or smaller, to suit the individual requirements. The angle on each side of the upper half of the templet is 30 degrees from the —— =. ie e. DEEL Threaded parts may be drawn quickly on machine details with this diafting templet perpendicular and is used in drawing the thread proper. The angle of the sides on the lower half is 4 degrees from the per- pendicular and is used to draw lines rep- resenting the pitch. The inside and out- cide angles are the same because often it is convenient to use both at once. While the angle representing the pitch is not correct for all threads, it is a mean between a standard \-in. and a 1-in. thread and is as accurate as ordinarily is required for routine mechanical detail- ing.—BoypD R. ALVORD. Easily Made Expanding Collet FOR facing small pieces in a lathe, the expanding chuck or collet illustrated below is especially useful. A length of round stock is turned at one end to suit the work to be held, the reduced section being slightly shorter than the thickness of the pieces... A hole TAPER HOLES EXPANDING PIN | A simple chuck of expansion type ace holding small pieces that are to be faced in a lathe is drilled and reamed in the end of the ‘collet to take a taper pin. Another tapered hole is run into the first hole to take a knockout pin. The end finally is slotted as shown. — In use the work is placed against the shoulder and the taper pin is driven into the end hole.—R.. H. KASPER. : : 2.2 to 1, $5.00 4.7 to 1, $5.75 Greater Improvement Than Was Thought Possible Never has a B-T product met with such instant enthusiasm as greeted the Euphonic Audio Transformer. Many believed such improvement im- possible but a single hearing left no room for doubt. B-T research has succeeded in creating a transformer with an iron core placed to better advantage and coil with 50% more turns than usually employed. It costs more to make, but after you hear Euphonics you'll agree it’s worth while. What J. E. Martin, Kansas City, says of the B-T “Counter phase” The Counterpiece is in every par- ticular by far the most efficient re- ceiving set that I have owned or heard in operation. One stage of audio is quite suf- ficient for ample loud speaker re- ception in five rooms of all class B stations in the U. S., and many class A. ; And this from Cincinnati. Summarizing tests on Counter- phase Set I can safely say it has more volume, greater selectivity, greater sensitivity, and produces higher qual- ity of reproduction than any receiving set I have ever heard. From Ft. Wayne, Ind., Oct. 16, 1925 I consider ‘‘Better Tuning’’ one of the best and most sensible booklets ever issued by any radio set manu- facturer. Circulars for the asking. ‘“‘Better Tuning.”’ 80 pages, 10c. : IS) Bremer Tuy MFG. CO. 9 ie sia asta ianiliiaianl Aatllcgedabctiiganenl of Wee SeNTVUNE Or Srammance. See page 6.

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20 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

January, 1925 C Sete Re aders:

Rouse Your Bi etter Self to Ill you prov exe : ger and ction / he world /

—Will Fascinate You!. —Will Thrill You! -—Will Reward You! - HAVING HARD LUCK? Think the world’s . againstyou? Are you trying to FIND yourself, F so ak yom mnay San Lene Ree lace among .. happy, successful, independent folks? . wre LEAD AN INFERIOR EXISTENCE? No a Mme 8 life with little or nothing of — worlds g in return for or your our hard, earnest labor! ¥ are 100 to 1 you’ve t the Tighe staf in yout va You've yvesimply got to opp ly it iN IN aes suena SINCERE, WORTHY, AM- BITIOUS FELLOW ‘is entitled tc break in fife. fife, Others are theirs! Whe rnot YOU? Ut Bight time solemn ise ridof the jinx that’s eke, Foe tieonenatel HUNDREDS OF COYNE-TRAINED MEN _ EARN $60 TO $200 A WEEK ELECTRICITY is a vast field of rich opportuni- ties! It offers clean work, steady employment, BIG PAY to men who are properly trained. It’s the ideal

field for regular fellows—HE-MEN—who want to get ahead in life. This is truly the ELECTRICAL AGE and your day of opportunity. . COMPLETE ELECTRICAL TRAINING In 12 Happy Weeks at Coyne

I have perfected an unusual course of instruction in Electricity, a course that is absolutely thorough, that is easy to master, that covers every single phase and factor of the subject, that fits men for the caged electrical jobs—the HIGH-SALARIED thrilling jobs. COYNE does not teach by correspondence, but by practical, personal training in the wonderfully-equipped COYNE Shops, located in Chicago, the electrical center of the world. At COYNE your train- ing isreally PERSONAL and PRACTICAL, on the most MODERN Send For My Big Free Book and Special Offer of 2 Extra copes er pte we and ste Electrical Be Book Coets Costs You Nothing; Now or Later

coke ee Reiatee ¢ erent ar, epteey, te, and COMPLETE electrical apparatus, under guidance of thoroughly- once. It is 12x15 in size and contains aie ea qualified instructors. You also visit great industrial organizations Ly = a andl eipere d lants lighting apd : Noth <a Foxe me Onl ete oe -: : cca or L alat Tune in on COYNE Radio Station WGES SEND COUPON vy | Cov NE ELECTRICAL SCHOOL 4 1300-10 W. Harrison St. , : : Dept. 1361 Chicago, lilinols ' i

Me Reese eer Sta Ba ELECTRICAL SCHOOL Sood a Sobety bp qxbanvicl. Mie case tn Oot eas ail about ‘Spectal Offer of # Big Courses Without H. C. LEWIS, President Established 1899 : 1300-10 W. Harrison St. Dept. 1361 - Chicago There is no Substitute for Personal Training, in Great Shops, on er ~~

Readers of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY will find scores of oppor- tunities in this section (pages 120 to 150) for making more money.

Every reader of Poputar Scrence Monrary is invited .to enter this contest— | $100 in CASH PRIZES For the best letter of 150 words or less answering the question— ‘“‘What advertisement in the ‘Money-Making Opportunities’ Section interests you most—and why ?’’ we will pay on February 10th, the following cash prizes: First Prize $50.00 Second Prize 25.00 Third Prize 10.00 Fifteen Prizes of $1.00 Each 15.00 First read every advertise- ment in the Money-Making Opportunities Section on pages 120 to 150. Pick out the one that interests you most and then write a letter —not exceeding 150 words— telling us why you find the advertisement you have se- lected the most interesting. Entries for the contest will close on Janu Ist. The prize winners and their letters will be published in the March issue of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. Address your letter to Contest Editor MONEY-MAKING OPPORTUNITIES PopuLAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 250 Fourth Ave., New York. .

Jan

k Nati durii W othe Nort cruit the | Men Su tion dem a gr socia little ago. head Sale: adea. tion bers sand spea sand tain denc trair the. ger emp that asa the: 132' the in t mal larg spec our plar

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J anuary, 1926 Monexv Making) ‘O an Idea to the Great ‘Building Institution in the World —And What It Means to MenWhoWant to Attain Independence By J. E. Greenslade men were received by the Employ- ment Service Department of the National Salesmen’s Training Association during the past 12 months. Wholesalers, manufacturers, jobbers and other employers of salesmen’ all over the North American Continent continually re- cruit their sales forces from the ranks of N. S. T. A. Romenve for more than 50,000 sales- It has always been my personal belief that it is better to do one thing WELL than todo several things in a mediocre fashion. For this reason myself and my associates have never attempted to teach other subjects. Salesmanship is a never-ending study—and in over eighteen years the Association has never let up in its search for new ideas. Not a “*One Man’”’ Members, Institute Surely this is unques- tionable proof of the great demand for salesmen and a great tribute to the As- . sociation. And yet, only a little over eighteen years ago this great Institution, headquarters for Scientific Salesmanship, was but an idea. Today, the Associa- tion can number its Mem- — bers in the tens of thou- sands, all over the English speaking world—and thou- sands of them have at- tained financial indepen- dence as a result of the training they received with the Association. Read What They Did $12,000 a Year A. H. Ward, Chicago, left a small pay job. Now he averages $12,000 a year as a salesman. $150 to $500 a Month - W.P. Clenny of Kansas City, Mo., stepped froma $150 amonth clerkship into a selling job at $500 a month. One month he made $850. $6500 a Year M. V. Stephens of Albany, Ky., was making $25 a week. He took up this training and now makes 5 times that much. Small Pay to Big Earnings J. H. Cash of Atlanta, Ga., ex- changed his $75 a month job for onewhich pays him$500a month. No one man has been responsible for the N.S. T. A. System of Salesmanship Training. No matter how brainy, or successful one man may be his viewpoints and ideas must necessarily be prejudiced and limited. Thousands of master minds in selling have con- tributed to the N.S. T. A. text—and will continue to contribute to it. Many leading sales authorities are ACTIVELY identified with the association at the present time—each man a sales executive with a na- tionally known company. How the N. S. T. A. . Originated Twenty years ago when I was Sales Mana- ger for a nationally known firm that employed hundreds of salesmen, I found that my sales letters and bulletins helped my men to increase their sales. In one year, as a result of weekly letters and bulletins to the man in the field we increased our business 132%. . Is it any ‘wonder.that. I conceived the idea of teaching salesmanship by mail? _ With the assistance of a few able friends in the profession, the Association was for- mally launched in 1907. Today, it is the largest and oldest Institution in the world specializing in Salesmanship Training. Is it any wonder that our Members make good right from the start when the proved plans, wisdom and experi- ence of hundreds of sales authorities are laid before them? No institution can guarantee a man suc- cess. But the N.S. T. A. can guarantee to give any man the finest training in sales- manship in the world. It can guarantee that no other institution can produce the same evidence of merit or offer as much for the nominal tuition fee. Furthermore, the N.S. T. A. has an iron- clad MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE as tangible evidence of merit. E M P LO YERS are invited to write to the Employment t. of the N. S. T. A. We can put ) you in touch with just the men you need our members. Employers are also cordially invited to request details a plan of instruction for entire sales forces. Synopsis and charts sent without obligation. e for this service to you or ut the N. S. T. A. Group N.S. T. A. Building Chicago, Ill. 121 Why Dodge Better Pay? If thousands have succeeded in a big way as a result of N. S. T. A. Training—most of them, men.who had never sold a dime’s worth of goods in their lives before enrolling—is there any reason why YOU should not succeed in the greatest of all professions—salesmanship? No man is more important in business than the salesman. He tops the list because he is the MOTIVE POWER back of any business. And you can quickly and easily learn the secrets that make Master Salesmen. Inside twenty weeks you can start out as a city or traveling salesman—fortified with the knowledge that has enabled thousands of our Members to step from poor pay to big earnings. This opportunity is before you NOW— backed by a Money-Back Guarantee. Are you going to be a wage slave this time next year when there are thousands of openings waiting for men who KNOW HOW TO SELL. With My Compliments— An Amazing Book It will not obligate you to fill in and mail the coupon below. And you owe it to yourself. [I want you to get the facts—then decide for yourself. This book, ‘‘Modern Salesmanship,” will prove a revelation to you. Let me send it to you. You certainly ought to-read it if you want to make more money. And who doesn’t? NATIONAL SALESMEN’S TRAINING ASSOCIATION Dept. A-15 N. S. T. A. Building, Chicago, Ill. M@ATIONAL SALE TRAINING Associaton National Salesmen’s Training Association, Dept. A-15, N. S. T. A. Bldg., Chicago, Ill. I Send me FREE your book ‘“‘Modern Salesmanship,”’ 1 and proof that I can become a Master Salesman. i EEL re aaa eet i a Ee

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new men yearly. the builder. And thus man very attractive salaries. to know what Drafting is like ... Mr.George Roudanez DRAFTING HALL OF FAME Several years ago, Mr. Roudanez—then earning $25.00 a week—graduated from the Mechanical Department of Chicago Technical College. The College Employ- ment Bureau placed him in his first two positions. And today, he ts President and General Manager of the Economy Clamp & Machine Co. His rapid rise he attributes to the sound and thorough training received at Chicago Technical College. What this training has done for him it will do for any man ambitious to increase his earnings. FROM THIS RECOGNIZED COLLEGE O a Home-Stud. DRAF Everything oy, a built from drawings made by Draftsmen. Industry calls for 50,000 raftsmen work hand in hand wi uilde ‘ men rise from:such positions to be heads of organizations, directors of railroads, chief engineers—responsible positions commanding the architect, the engineer, the designer. at contractors FREE TRIAL LESSON Prove your fitness and liking for one of industry’s highest paid professions. .We want you how readily you can teach you by mail. So, before you enroll ... FRE send you @ trial lesson to study in your own home. ; rogress ... how we train and ... Without cost or obligation ... we Within Ten Months Increase Your Income No special training or talent is required. In 10 months’ time or less. . . we can train you. . . at home, in your spare hours . . . to be an expert Draftsman. And remember this: In Drafting, a big income is open to every properly trained man. Thousands today are earning $35 to $100 per week. The reason is simple: Good Draftsmen are in constant demand. Book of Facts FREE We will send you a 40-page Book. It tells you all about Drafting . . . and our courses. What prominent men say . . where Draftsmen are employed. . . theirsalaries. . . their opportunities . . . what our students have done and aredoing. . . how many haveincreased their salaries even before finishing their courses . . . how many hold high-sal- aried executive positions today. Tells how 34 instructors give you from this recognized 22-year-old college a practical, short, home-study course. The Coupon Below Means Money to You Find out what Drafting may mean to you. . . mail [that coupon. Here is a field in which you can work and win. We make the test easy, for, with no obligation, we send you a trial lesson FREE. Note the fairness of this offer, the absence of exaggerated promises. $25 Outfit Included NOTICE—A well established Placement Bu- reau assists both graduates and undergradu- ates to find positions. Those who can come to Chicago will find Chicago Technical College, founded 1904, Reading, Estimating, etc. Evening classe Book”’—mailed free. In Chicago—Earn While You outside of school hours, while attending day or evening classes at the College. specialized engineering. Over 1000 men enroll in resident day and evening courses yearly. Diplomas in Civil, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering and Architecture granted after two years. Degree of B. S. conferred after three years in the day course. Short courses offered in Plan If interested in attending Day or Evening Classes at the College in Chicage write for 92-page *f Blue When you enroll, you will need drafting instruments; so included in the cost of the course, is a $25 “‘lifetime’’ set. If you have instruments, credit will be allowed. Note that we do not claim to give you these instruments “‘free’’. Tuition is low, payments easy. © opportunity to earn living expenses in part-time positions, . is known as one of America’s oldest and largest schools of s for day workers. Fill Out the Chicago Technical College, I Dept.131, 118 E. 26th St., Chicago, IIl. Name 2 Send me, without cost os obligation, your Address ae I FREE Trial Lesson and yous 40-page Book I of Facts about Drafting. City and State. Send Today for FREE Trial Lesson Attached Coupon NOW Chicago TECHNICAL College Drafting—Engineering—Electricity—Architecture . . . all branches January, 19% Prize Winning Letter _ | .in the November Contest Five members of the World Oppor- tunities’ Society will receive scholarships in the Coyne Electrical School. as a result of Mr. Calder seeing this school’s advertisement in the columns of POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. Here is Mr. Calder’s letter which wins. the first prize of $50.00 in the November Contest:— DEAR SIR: The advertisement .of Coyne Elec- trical Schooi in the Money. Making Opportunities’ Department caught my interest because it offers a per- manent and progressive opportunity —a well paid profession of construc- tive service. I decided to investigate their offer. I called at the school and found it an institution of such merit that I was most favorably impressed. This I reported to the Committee on Scholarship of our Fraternal Order. Upon deliberation the Com- mittee decided to offer five annual scholarships in the Coyne School for our members. See what that one advertisement accomplished! Yours truly, M. CALDER. World Opportunities’ Society, Chicago, Illinois. ood Complete List of Prize Winners In the November Contest FIRST PRIZE $60 M. Calder, Chicago, Ill. (Coyne Electrical School) SECOND PRIZE $25 Russell S. Lundeen, Forest Lake, Minn. (Niagara School of Music) (American ool of Aviation) THIRD PRIZE $10. Peter Herzig, Hawleyville, Conn. (Theo Audel & Co.) PRIZE WINNERS who received $1.00 each for their letters— idaed Rod See ie William F. Sandmann, Ft. Wayne, Ind. (Victor J. Evans & Co.) Frank S.-Cerny, Chicago, Ill, (American Correspondence School) Arthur W. Zabel, Eagle Rock, Calif. (Unternational Correspondence M. H. Johnson, Omaha, Nebr. | °. (Allied Merke Institute, Inc.) Harold F. Reed, Niagara Falls, N. Y. (Victoria Stamp Co.) J. N. Lawrence, Mare Island, Calif. (Pathfinder Publishing Co.) Elna Sauer, Denver, Colo. (The Weldon Fire_Gun) Lyman Michaels, Bristol, Conn. (Theo Audel & Co.) Harry B. Stillman, Plainville, Conn. (International Correspondence School) Elmer Evans, i eld, Ohio. (Int Studios) Leon C. Merryfield, oon, Ohio (Northw Burg ( stern School of Taxidermy) , Bailey, Houston, Texas * ational’ Sateemen's Training Associa Charles M. Reynolds. Spruce Creek, Ba. Christopherson, vee

Page 131

WopKopatane YaeW coals, KO} Koei aby niBre'S 5 & od ) i: : outfits SIVemmtoy 3 no extragree fa &® charger O 2k n6 © ES abe % . SS Fa Loe The Cooke Trained Mar is the Big PayMan

Page 132

POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY

ADDING MACHINES FREE trial, marvelous new adding machine. Adds, subtracts, a divides eae Work mac

ADVERTISING SERVICES ADVERTISE in 24 Metropolitan dailies, 24 words, $15.00. Helpful Guide listing 1000 publications, 4c pana — Company, Baltimore Bidg., Chicago. RD ad 355 — weeklies, $14.20. Ad-Meyer, 4112P ¥ Varttord. St. Louis COMBINATION Winner. 125 Magazines, 10c word, in inch. Thrice, Interstate Advertiser, Munsing, ch. R. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells ls ‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably,”’ You'd like to know, wouldn’t you? Address your inquiry to: Manager, C sified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250. 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. ADVERTISING in all magazines and newspa publishers’ lowest rates. Rate book _ free. es Service, Dept. 5, Freeport, Til. CH display, 88 magazines $2.00, thrice $5.40. smitire Service, Wenatchee, Wash. ADVERTISE in 24 big Sunday Newspapers. 24 words $15.00 Specializing in Magazine and Newspaper adver- tising at publishers lowest rates. Lists and consultation free. National Service, Richmond Hill, New York. AUTHORS AND MANUSCRIPTS PHOTOPLAY—Story Ideas wanted. d. $25-$500 paid. Experience unnecessary; outline Free to anyone. Write Producers League, 312 St. Louis. WRITERS—Stories, poems, plays, etc., are wanted for publication. Literary Bureau, 117, Hannibal, Missouri,

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Rate 30 Cents a Word. A10% discount is allowed on all contracts for six consecutive insertions. Advertisements intended for the Mar. 1926 issue should be received by Jan. 5th BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES ae amma mene = BATTERY . equipment 4 supplies at whole- sale. Adams-Barrs, Columbus, Ohi A iiew mall ordet book tela exactiy Row 10 Sa, grow ant win. Latest methods explained, new ideas and shcubae tells * about it.

oH Publisher, 805S Oregonian Bidg., d, Oregon, - CoP ALENTS | procured: Trade aa Registered —A pt R. or the pro- tection and jp hen cant of your ad furnished ithout Booklet of in- vice gladly Ww 4 formation and form for disclosing free on — Richard B. Owen, 44 hed bse ashington, D. C., or 41-Z Park Row, New Yi WUSINESS G Guide mith a ° Tegal Service sells every- Wells cleared $1,185 Write tor tree free oatnt, Nichols Co., Napecrilie, Tll., Dept. 1B. MAKE Money! 150 Plans FREE! Wolverine Bureau. (C-3). Muskegon, Michigan. SUCCEED With Your Own Products—make them

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CHALK TALKS

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WORLD'S Tastest penn a Co distributors wanted; write to-day. G * Spring ~d Oiler Co., San Diego , California. DOGS BEAUT bull pups cheap. Bulldogs, 1 , Texas, EDUCATION AND INSTRUCTION CORRESPONDENCE Courses. All Schools. Lo Terms. Free. . Mention Subject. Educator, 440-B Sansome, San Francisco

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tent men hdres

DO you want a position where you can pay your way ~_ bens to qualify as airplane mechanic or pilot? d $2.00 for one yearly subscription to Slipstream Monthly The Flyers’ Magazine and our employment service will help you get located. Only subscribers need apply. Slipstream Publishing Co., Dayton, Ohio. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask ea A for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.’’ It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It also tells “Hew You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.” You'd like to know, wouldn’t you? Address your inquiry to; Manager, lassified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. PROPELLERS for Airplanes, Wind Wagons, Snow and Ice Sleds, Wing Ribs, Correct Sizes and Tests to Build from, Dimensions, Small Airplanes, Crawford Aeroplane Manufactory, Long Beach, Calif. The American School of Aviation announces a new correspondence cow mechanics of aviation. A thorough training in practical aeronautics. American School of Aviation, ept. 6741, 3601 Michigan Ave., Chicage, Illinois. BOYS get a three foot model aeroplane free. Write to Aero Shop, 3050 Hurlbut Ave., Detroit, Mich.

MANUFACTURE new, fast selling ates toys, Lek ong ‘patterns Spohn, Oe commercial Aight ~ processes, ion Kranutact i urers’ Bureau. 3937C Tracy, Kansas City, Mo. MAKE =e weekly in agreeable es of 7 on eal, Eve’ furnished. Particulars 141- e-Arcade-Cleveland, Ohio. GGE vilege trading offers large profits, $100 up

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BOATS AND LAUNCHES HUBBELL Marine Coolers convert Ford engines into marine motors. Ford dope free to boat owners. C. C. Hubbell, East Ave., Norwalk, Conn. BLUE PRINTS BLUE Prints of ships for Modelmakers, send for circular. G. B. Douglas, 165 Summit Ave., Upper Montclair, N. J. TO the man who has a Home Workshop and likes to work with tools, Popular Science Monthly offers the opportunity to purchase blueprints giving details of the construction of useful articles vor the home. The follow- ing are a few of the blueprints available: No. 1, Sewing Table, No. 5, Kitchen Cabinet, No. 13, Tea ‘Wagon, No. 15, Workshop Bench, No. 17, Cedar and ‘Mahogany Chest, No. 41, One Tube Radio Set, No. 42, Rad three stages of amplification, No. 43, Four Tube Radio Receiver. Send 25c for each blueprint that you wish to Foggier Science Monthly, 242 Fourth Avenue, New York,

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es,

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F tra to yo ne or no Ing See pe tre Cas th Fi: th los ar

Page 133

January, 1926

MAKopatonsenweWscuares (O)ojoroverswuai Money Talks: y | About 100,000 people have tried this remarkable hair-growing method. Each had the privilege of getting his money back. Yet when the 30-day trial period expired—only 3 out of every 100 asked for a refund. And they got it instantly!

The same square guarantee is open to you. No strings—no loopholes—no alibis—no “ifs’’ or ‘buts’ or ‘‘maybes”’ —if my new method doesn’t grow new hair for you in 30 days—I’ll send you my check refunding every penny you have paid and the trial will have cost you abso- lutely NOTHING! “easoot +

ani is ‘| [Guarantee YOU New Hair ik n BAGO ¥) : ays-OrI Pay OS d) all > oe @ ur . . r By Alois Merke It is useless and a waste of time hair grow in again as the shrunken roots , Founder of Famous Merke Institute and money to try and get down to quire new life and vitality that I am willing 0. : . to let you try my treatment at my risk for Hf Fifth Avenue, New York these under-nourished roots with the 39 gays. Then if you are not more than uz j average tonic or with massages delighted with the new growth of hair pro- = this chance. tart now 4 g “ f h ges, : 4 : Manet ths P : crude Ol etc. or suc measures uced, write me immedia ely. el me my . and save yourself from the : h : £ the ski system has not done what I said it would, at tragedy of baldness. Let me prove only treat the surface of the skin. and the 30-day trial won’t cost you a cent. 7 to you—without a cent of risk—that My Method Gets To the ROOTS 7 you can grow new hair in 30 days! But my scientific system involves Free Booklet Tells All ng. if . * ss ~ An Amazing the ney lication of se The very fact that you have read this * “Contract RESULTS tirely new principles 1M announcement shows that you are anxious =a N eter how-fast stimulating h air about the condition of your hair. So why Bt. 0, n Results Gratifying growth. It penetrates not investigate? Find out for yourself. If —- your hair is falling “Ten years ago my, hair started you will merely fill in and mail the coupon 4 falli used hair tonics constantly, |} below the surface of ‘ : : 23 out—no matter how but fou years ago I displayed a per- h | d at I will gladly send you. without cost or ob- = little of it is now left full moon. I tried everything — the scalp an sr right —jigation a wonderfully interesting booklet nal Hag 1 : "a . * . ° A £1 —no matter how many Gs Thanks to your Pain gt es EN the cause Of most which describes in detail my successful ? h bles—t h system which is growing. new haic for thou- $1. treatments you have | guite, 4 new crop hair one inch air troubles e a eee i In addition ; ite tried without results, Cagis #3. B New York starving, d 0 rm ant tells “all ia say: ttomvelank Sicatanaee hich re —I absolutely guar- “My hair has been falling for the | FOOts. It provides not enables you to youl 3 last two years and I had hardly an only an efficient Way take my treatment ual antee that my NEW | more hair on the front of my head. <e missin : th ; on- hod will gi But since I started using your treat- of reviving and invigorating without a penny's ie method will give YOU | rent I am raising a new crop of | these inactive roots, but of risk. Clip and mail as new hair in 30 days ag Ce etide a ever | giving them the nourish- the coupon today. ai or the trial costs you |” New Hair yaa se ment they need to grow Allied Merke Insti- nee nothing! “Results are wonderful. My hair | ait again. And the fine tutes, Inc., Dept. _ has stopped falling out and I can “ thing about my system is 171, 512 Fifth ae Why I Make It lots of new hair coming in.”—-F.D. | the fact thatitissimpleand Avenue, New York 053 ie: Soacad sd R., Washington, D. C can be used in any home City. . 1 ‘ ave foun ur- ‘ wre ee Ka Sak pets : mete: ase th ehectaicahy «<< TE Reemn en om eee ae oe ee ent lien va . mocap Treatment - : - 8 AN I eo ne isaac 8 weeke and although the top of asst 3 ene ov Allied Merke Institutes, Inc a4 search and from ex- | my head has been entirely bald for 6 | comfort or inconvenience. utes, Inc. ° ares ‘ years the results up to the present are Dept. 171, 512 Fifth Avenue, New York City ula te: a: gained | gratifying. Be fact the fakes egg © Please send me without cost or obligation a copy. “ treating thousands of ew, hy Sore ra " No Cost If It Fails of your book, “The New Way to Grow Hair,” 28; cases of baldness at . describing the Merke System. =e Can’t Say Enough For It! Of course there are a R. the Merke Institute, “Am glad to say I can see ‘such few cases of baldness that ae Fifth _Avenue,. N.. x. ag more pon Aig BA “fall of Mee ee I CO Namie... cs eee ccc ene cnccccccnesecnssess son, ir that has made its way help. Yet so many caw that in most cases cf through since I ‘have been using | hundreds of men and Side loss of hair the roots can’t say | - h hai ag Se te ne Oa oe Pe ae . B. ; . wi ramet ly "It will do ev women whose air was i. are not dead—but you claim it to do.”—G. G., Texas. coming out almost by : merely dormant. “handfuls” have seen their ~ Citv..... ....2.-.0....000.. De eC ‘

Page 134

FOR THE HOME MACHINE TOOLS BIG money in weaving Colonial rugs, quaint rag carpet, scarfs, etc. Home weavers are Weave terms. Write orem § for free Loom Book. Loom Works, 482 Factory St., Boonville, N. ¥. GRANDFATHER clock pS $5.00. Build 7 own case, instructions make profits selling your friends. Clock works with chimes tor old or new cases. Write for full particulars. Clock Co., Nicetown, Penn. TO the man who likes to work with tools, Popular Science Monthly offers the opportunity to purchase blue- prints giving details of the construction of useful articles for ~ pane. The following are a iw of — blueprints available: fication, No. 43, Four Tube Radio Receiver. for each a Monthly, 242 Fo ~~ Send =a t that you wish to Popular Science urth Avenue, New York, N. Y. HELP WANTED SILVERING Mirrors, French plate, Easily learned immense profits. Plans free. Wear Mirror Works, Ex- celsior Springs, Mo. MR. BRUSH Salesmen:—Old Established New York Brush Manufacturer requires the services of men in al! territories to sell their extensive line of Sanitary in Wire Brushes. We 1 other Brush House in the country. Wri our Propo ition. Wire Grip Sanitary Brush Corp., 15 Mercer St., New York. MEN ane to enter dining, slee conductors, porters, waiters, write 123 Kansas City. car service as ilway Exchange, WANTED—Representatives in every factory in the United States. Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Ave., New York. EARN $10 to $30 weekly mailing circulars at home Outfit and instructions, 25c coin. Survinal, 4731-2 8. Arlington, Akron, O. HELP WANTED INSTRUCTION U. 8. GOVERNMENT Jobs. Railway _— a Mail Carriers. $1700-$2700 year. Steady. Men up. Sample coaching—FREE. Write immediately. Frankl n Institute, Dept. K-34, Rochester, N. Y DETECTIVES Earn Big Money. Excellent oppor- a. be Fascinating work. Experience un- ecessary. te George Wagner, former Government Detective, 1968P" Broadway, N. ¥. FIREMEN, Brakemen, Baggagemen, Sleeping car, train porters (colored) $140—$200. Experience unneces- sary. 838 Railway Bureau, East St. Louis, Ill. HOW TO ENTERTAIN PLAYS, musical comedies and revues, minstrel music, blackface skits, vaudeville acts, monologs, dialogs, recitations, entertainments, musicai readings, stage hand- books, make-up goods. Big catalog free. T.S. D @. 00 HEALD Ante Cytiades Grtaae 07 50.00; Cincinnati M $275.00; 24” Sha ; Barnes t Planer, $175.00: ate tne e supply Co as nachinery E. and supple. MAGIC TRICKS ician, give shows, earn money. Catalogue son pan aks Magical Con "Dept. 550, Oshkosh, Wis. Fe goods, cards, books, a — Catalog A. Fenner, 2401 Jefferson, Louisville, Ky. MAIL ORDER BUSINESS $3000. extra a tea home evenings, I made it Mail Order stising Booklet for stamp explains. Sample and plan ec. Alps Scott, Cohoes, N. Y. 25 MONEY making ideas. Mail ng Ley sources. x Demuth, Company, Englewood, ADVERTISER: Ask today for ,2 copy of the “quick-Astion™ Advertising Rate Fold It contains some real t facts — will pro C oP. complete Cincinnati, Ohio. Popular Science Monthly Proftab ou'd like to know, wouldn’t you? M r, Wiesiied At Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Ave., New York. importan ve interesting F lis “How Wy You Can Use - January, 1926 “INVENTOR'S Adviser,” the valuable Patent book with 139 mechanical movements and illustrations, se free ag ag 8. Labiner, Patent Attorney. 3 Park ww, New York awed marks, Sporeients. Prompt, rs’ active che ng alle > a Drkctoe Washington, D Write for LE. G. Sigzers Engineer. MANUFACTURING PATENT Book Free. Charles we Lovett, Patent Attorney, Lynn, Mass. § DEVELOPING ideas and manufa — rt oo 33 years’ ex The K. & B. Die Specialty Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, Dept. ADVICE from ae will save you from making costly mistakes in bu: radio and tool equipment. Write to Po salar Science Institute 246 Fourth Ave., New: York “chy, for list of tested and approved products. our Bpe- ce; write 18 Elm 8t., aD light manufacturing and experimental work. Prices teed to be cheapest in Am guaran’ erica. Send models or drawings for quotations. Méele’s Mig., onn. MANUFACTURING, Models, Dies, Stamping, Brass Specialists, Co. Station A, New Haven. C Work, one or thousands. Baum’s Metal Kansas City, Mo. MISCELLANEOUS FORMS to cast Lead Soldiers, Indians, Marines, Trap- _ Animals, 151 kinds. Send 10c for Hiustrated Cata- ogue. Henry C. Schiercke, 1034 72nd St., Brooklyn, N.Y. WANTED—Representatives in every factory in the United States. Popular Belence Monthly, 250 Fourth Ave., New York. MINERAL Treasure under foot! Find it! Cash it! Information 10c. Minerals identified $1.00. Mineral specimens. Buskin, Geologist, Joplin, Mo. ig f= & Co., 623 so. Wabash, Dept. 26, Chicago. INCORPORATIONS INCORPORATE Delaware. Lewis Mettler, 832 Market St., Wilmington, Del. (Exiablished 1909.) DELAWARE Incorporator. Charters: Fees Small; forms. Chas. G. Guyer, 901 Orange St., Wilmington, Delaware. INFORMATION $1,000 worth information circular, Bureau, 80 Lake, Webster, Mass. “MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.’’ It contains some really important facts which will prove ees and valuable to you. It also tells “How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly" Profitably.”” You'd like to know, wouldn't you? Address your inquiry to: Manager, Classified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. INSECTS WANTED WHY not Spend Spring, Summer and Fall gathering butterflies, insects? I buy hundreds of kinds for collec- tions. Some worth $1 to $7.each. Simple outdoor work with my instructions, pictures, price-list. Send 10 cents (not stamps) for my Illustrated Prospectus before sending butterflies. Mr. Sinclair, Dealer in Insects, Box 1424, Dept. 7, San Diego, California. INVENTIONS FOR SALE Free. Lakeside MODELS AND MODEL SUPPLIES HULIT & CO., 625 Jackson, Chicago, Ill. —— mental Machinists. Model Makers. al Complete general Machine shop. Ex-Lamso WE make working models for inventors and — mental work, and carry a complete stock of brass gears and model su plies. Send for catalogue. The Pierce Model eae aley Park, Illinois. ODEL steam engines, ae and model pipe line atiings. Model making supplies. Send 20c for this year’s rong ttre catalogue > hens dbook. Bathe Mig. Co., Dept. C., 5214 Woodland Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. weg BICYCLES, SUPPLIES OVERSTOCKED ‘Used Motorcycles, 1923 Indian Chief, $95.00, 1923 Harley Davidson, $95.00, 1923 Henderson Deluxe $120.00. Two hundred others, write for free . Myerow Brothers Co., 14 Berkeley St., Boston, Mass. DON’T buy a bicycle motor attachment until you get our catalogue and prices. -Shaw Mfg. Co., Dept. 4, ee Kansas. R. ADVERTISER: Ask today for & copy a “quick-Aetion Advertising Rate Folder.” Tt con some portant facts which will prove te and valuable to you. It also tells “How You Can Use wouldn't yout “Manager, Classited Advenicue tonaiee wouldn't you ve Science Monthly, 250 F Fourth Ave., New York. TWO inventions for sale.on woodworking tool, John Szako, 219 Grand Central Place, Long Island, N. Y LABORATORY AND CHEMICAL SERVICES GUARANTEED Reliable Formulae, Trade Secrets’ Rare, Dependable Manufacturing Processes for all lines’ detailed working directions, ‘‘inside’’ commercial in” formation. Don’t buy till I’ve sent you my valuable Literature. Lists. Satisfaction Guaranteed. Dr. Lis- comb Miller, Industrial Chemist, Tampa, Florida. ADVICE from A Will save you from making costly mistakes ‘in buying radio and tool equipment. Write to Popular Science Institute, 246 Fourth Ave., ig bay | oe. for list of tested and approved products. page 6 YOUR chemical problem ie and working process furnished for $5.00. rite me. Mg 9 Richards, Consulting Chemist, Box 2402, Boston, M. 28s. MOTORS, ENGINES AND MACHINERY chenn naar \% HP., 110-volt, 60 cycle, single pd raced “— pulley, at $7.50 each. Also brand he ogg make at. $13.75 each. 8 ier ik house an olt, 1150 light 7 “Vi 25 , at RES ako at 00 ea eat, —— C, oor Dp We have i oricen vo ‘gorvett ric motors and + edgy ees fc c¢ fans. General generar, et Co., Security atevake ecside. Duluth, Minn. MUSICAL SAXOPHONISTS — Clarinetists — Cornetists — Trombonists — get “Free Pointers.” Virtuoso Music School, Buffalo, N. Y. . expert; make $7. camera furnished free International Studios, Dept. 1 any NEATENTED Ideas Can Be Bold. you how righted ntl: Write WT Greene Bit rietlars (oo nae ‘ashington, AoE it annually for ideas! Hundreds now , Re gene and profit! Write today for free how to id — Beeler, Patan a "Attoruey . otaet New. ¥ ey. pg AR, Milo E. aie Block. Chicago; Barrister Building, Washing- INVENTORS—Send for form “Evidence of Concep- tion” to be signed and witnessed. be fee | ea information free. Lancaster and All nada, 252 Patent Attorneys in United States and ‘me ae Bldg., Washingto’ ae com Saiieaaien. experienced, — and development 0: He tee Fn anes form for disclosing id ea free on Richard B. Owen, 44 Owen Bldg., Washington D 41-Z Park now w, New York. prea 4 a cae f ~~: —o and mechan- ical expert, 606 F. Street, Washington, D. C. I report if patent Sbtainabie’ and exact cost. Send for circular. oF fg M in instalments. Free personal advice. 7 Puller, W, Washington, D. C. Gobae i E E. MILLER, Oura = C., Patent Lawyer, Mechanical 4 let'and Priority Record blank ate Bas, SS ean ath poe for form “ “Evidence of Conception” to be signed and witnessed. wm fee schedule, “ tion free. . Lancaster and A tered Paten Attorneys in to States and ‘Canedn’ 232 vaer Bids. Washington, D. C. mn, : omen, D cal Expert. Book- PATENTS FOR SALE ,. JUST Patented! Wonterful Combination ogg ou hal —— Two compiene: Tables in one. Every octor a Prospect. A fort tame Gan be ined’ boas this Invention. Hancil Cordrey, Chula V Calif. PHOTOGRAPHY AND SUPPLIES ? Write for free sample of our bi magazine, showing ow to suaketeed iar blewte ead can : mo! American eneeer . i” Camera Hi te, Boston, 7, Massachusetts pn ESTABLISH Ourself at —_ : - week while S peotesrapaic fessional ; write + pro! a uick for | information. 43, 3601 Michigan: Ave,, Popular know, souan't veal yr pe ing Classified Advertising, Popular ‘Science Monthly, Fourth Ave., New York, PHOTOGRAPHS made from Sketches or wi Photos for artists. Strucketts, 749 Dundas, UNEXCELLED Gloss pio , Trial Off A Kodak Film Developed and Printed only ide. R. B. nar mre Dept. “G," ”” 1503 Lincoln mee cincimat OPTICAL GOODS PRINTING AND ENGRAVING MELT steels, nickel, brass, gold, and other alloys. Electric melting furnaces prices from $75.00. Speedee- Heet Electric Furnaces, 411 N. Wells St., Chicago, Til. LANGUAGES See WORLD-ROMIC System, Masterkey 5,000 aaa Primers $1.98. Chinese, French, Spanish—Languages West 40th, New York. LETTER SPECIALISTS I WRITE letters, folders, booklets, complete followup for manufacturers, mail order dealers. Long experience. Write for details. L. Taylor, Box $44, Freeport, Iil. LISTS NAMES, postcards, cuts. Ben Meyer, 35 West 31st St., New York. MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will Bags interesting and valuable to you. It also tells ‘ You Can Use macs wh, Science Monthly Profitably.” You'd like to know, wouldn’t you? Manag ified Advertising, Popula: Science Monthly, 250" Fourth Avenue, New York. . Sees strictly confidential. ARTIFICIAL eyes. Booklet free. Denver Optic 508 Barclay, Denver, Colorado. OFFICE DEVICES ADO machines, multigraph, duplicators, Ay alt ne teers Spruit, Li7N Market Se Cea PATENT ATTORNEYS ENTS—Time counts in our {eas Send for es on form, ag Obtain a Pa charge’ for achesnen on how to pi Prompt, careful, mvefticient oa nag A. O'Brien, Registered Pa’ Attorney, 184-F Security Bank ene Se ge A+ across os rect from Patent Office), Washington, one of the oldest patent, a Ta for TS, known Patents of extraordinary va & Lacey, 648 F St., Washington; ‘D.C. Established 1869. ine, ‘Book, many welt ' | 000 Letterheads, Faas Cards, $3.00 = 500" $2.25. Samples Araryis Artservis Preas, 66 oa Worcester, Mass. HIGH Grade Printing —5,000 ary rg sy Bond Letter Heads, pm ne OE 10,000, $24 00. Uy od wove envelo ad, $2.25. The mpany, Zanesville, Oli Ohio. rr MONEY making business forms sent free. Cornish, Schenectady, N. Y. ‘ . Teatehamen Set bantiae meee Name, business and address. ‘Prompt or ame, b . List of 10 Big Dollar Specials Free. P. Kendall,” Elmira, N. Y. Repl ha Printing for ae Le Write us about Fantus paren Reng 5 South Dearborn Street, Chicago. EARN $25 weekly, spare time, writing for newspapers, magazines. Copyrigh free. Press Syndicate, 962, St. Louls, Mo. : oe RAZORS AND BLADES i — , 1,000. SHAVES from. one~ razor blade. Beret 250. Barber. Box 1278 278, San Francisco.

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Sees Pied E MaKopakernse Ware sca ae, 0) J oXopeavuanis os vc» \[willmakethis contract with you a _——® V because | train you i by the Job-Method These pictures show how my stu- dents learn Electricity by doing actual Electr jobs with stan- dard materials and tools which I supply without extra cost. Four \ —_, —_ given! Students i — progress by this won- prem *rok- Method. Many do — jo y ad for pay in their earn more ggg rete ohne fi yy ea treintan, id

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PRE SB ee en is = Jao aKaay

SALESMEN AND AGENTS WANTED AGENTS—Make a dollar an Sell Mendets, a jomeed SS for — 'G mending Ie leaks in aha mple pai nee 5 oliette Mf; ’ Anisterdam, N. Y. , Dept. site EARN $10 daily silver mirrors, plati and re- finishing metal ware, head ts, chandeliers, Outfits furnisted. F. Decie Laboratories, 1 1133 Broad- way, New York.

AGENTS—Write for free es. Sell cme gin —p- Shirts for large Manufacturer direct to wearer. — or experience required. “Many earn $200 wookiy 7 a0 bonus. Madison Mists. 566 Broadway, ew York.

WE start you without a dollar. Soaps, éxtracts, per- fumes, toilet goods. Experience unnecessary: Carnation Co., Dept. 21, St. Louis. AGENTS—Clever invention! to makes every pen a fountain pen. Fast office geller, big profit, - et increasing everywhere. Exclusive territory offered. compe _ H. Marui ‘Company, Tribune Building, ew York. INSTANT Weld—Repairs large ctures without cement or heat. Lenn’s profit one da . Write.quick. Free sample. Territory going -fast:. Tourist’s Pride Mig. Co., Desk R, Minneapolis, -Minnesdta. BIG money and fast sales.. Every owner buys gold initials for his auto. You charge- $1.50; make Ten orders daily easy. Write for particulars and free samples. American Monogram Co., Dept: 47, East Orange, New Jersey. AGENTS, both sexes, we manufacture and control new household article. Fast seller. Big profits, Exclusive ter- ritory. Write now. Connolly, 123 Liberty St., New York. WE pay $48 a week, furnish auto and expenses puaredare our Soap and Washing emmy an iecae Company, Dept. Aas, Chippewa Falls, Wis. GET our free sample case toilet articles, perfumes and og a Wonderfully profitable. La Derma Co., Dept. F, St. Louis, Missouri. AGENTS: Big profits. Best and cheapest window letters made. Easily applied. Dime brings five samples. Particulars Staibrite Company, 1115 Second Avenue, New York. ONLY one sale a day means $200 per month! Mar- velous new adding machine. Retails $15.00. Work equals $350 machine. Adds, subtracts, sptriotes, divides, automatically. Computes feet ‘and =. Speedy, accurate, durable, handsome. Five guarantee. Offices, stores, factories, garages, lumber. men buy one to dozen. A fortune for live agents. Write quick for protected territory and free trial. Light- ning Calculator Co., Dept. P. Grand Rapids, Michigan. WONDERFUL invention eliminates needles for phono- graphs. Preserves records. Abolishes scratching. Day's supply in pocket. $20 daily. Sample on approval if requested. Evernlay, Desk G-1. MeClure Bldg.. Chicago. ROBT. H. INGERSOLL of $1 Watch Fame wants good men to sell his Dollar Stropping outfit, an ingenious iavention for sharpening all makes of safety razor blades. Great Economic value. Meeting with nationwide ap- proval. Easy tosell. Big repeat business. Agents sa remarkable success. Full particulars. Robert. H. Ingersoll, 476D Broadway, New York City. WASH Clothes the new way. Use the Torrent Auto- matic Washer. You will be delighted. Special offer to one in each locality. Storm Royalty Co., 3614 Enright Ave., St. Louis, Mo. 300% PROFIT Selling Mitchell's Magic Marvel Washing Compound. Men and gg ers hundreds weekly. Wonderful seller. Big Nature’s oe cleanser. Free sample. L Mitchell, Drawer 1308, E. 61st Street, Chicago. SELL widely advertised Skat paste soaps, toilet soaps, cleansers, polishers, etc. New allowance and commission plan insures success. Skat Company, Hartford, Conn. 65c. PROFIT every dollar! Minute demonstration makes sale. Homes, stores, offices, factories, etc. Big repeater. Free sample offer. Mallard Chem. Co., B, 8t. Louis, Mo. AGENTS. $60 = $200 a week. Genuine gold letters for store windows easily apoted. Free samples. Liberal = to hee agents. etallic Letter Co., 434-A. N.

“GFT our plan for monogramming automobiles, trucks, d luggage and all similar articles by transfer method, experience unnecessary; exceptional profits. Motorists’ Accessories Company, Mansfield, Ohio. POLMET POLISHING CLOTH cleans all metals, oom oe ial ng 25c. Sample free. F.C. Gale, 15 Edinboro MR. SBVERTISON: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really important facts which will prove interesting and valuable to you. It-also tells ‘“‘How You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.” owt! like to know, wouldn't you? Address your inquiry to: Manager, Clas- sified Advertising, Popular Science Monthly, 250 Fourth Avenue, New York. $10 DAILY silvering mirrors, plating and refinishing lamps, reflectors, autos, beds, chandeliers by new method. Outfits furnished. Write Gunmetal Co., Ave. Decatur, Illinois. AGENTS—Best seller; Jem Rubber Repair for tires and tubes; supersedes es vulcanization at a saving of over 800 per cent; put it on cold, it vulcanizes itself in two minutes, and is guaranteed to last the life of the tire or tube; sells to every auto owner and accessory dealer. For particulars how to make big money and free sample, ad- dress Amazon Rubber Co., 504 Amazon Building, Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania. SELL high ents stationery. Particulars free. W. F. Messenger, Dept. P., Stillwater, N. Y. TAKE orders a coffee, sugar, flour, meats, canned gi , Staple groceries, also paints, radio sets, tires, auto and tractor oils. No capital or bond required. We deliver and collect. Permanent business. Big pay. Write at once. Hitchcock-Hill Co.; Dept. 81, Chicago. NKRUPT and Rummage Sales. . Make $50.00 daily, We start you, furnishing everything. Distributors Dept. 34, 609 Division, Chicago.

AGENTS—Steady income. Large manufacturer of handkerchiefs and dress goods, ete., etc., ‘wishes representative in Sag a Factory to eect ee — oe ag atv Send tor parti or particulars. 24M .. Brooklyn, N.

B < D gly pare an hodse number, plate, Wooster, Ohic $10,000 YEARLY. Manufacturer World's Greatest . Sells $4.50. Tremendous Demand! ts. Write quick for exclusive territory. Red-E, oO ., Boston. “SELLS for $9.75. Prints ad i ibe for Samp envelopes, etc. $4.00 commission. vend 1 for sample . Automatic aa-Seamnper Se tee om

00. for free circulars. Murphy, chemi Tujunga, Calif., Box-K. Gui Kk Sy Action Srieting Rate Fold ” T stages “Quick-. ve older.” It cont ame Fa me Ay. important facts which will ve to you. It You ‘Use Popular“ Selence gu Addrent Your aug fo: to: 2 oe 9 know y our Classified Adv. ertising, onthiy, a an New Yor! ‘se

factory A me Uni men Si aah Monae solani Month seb Ave. New York. AG New Sell Piant $1.25 premium free to every customer on a-$2.00 sale, consisting of 8-oz. Vanilla. | 6-02. Shampoo, 4-0z. Lemon Lotion. A big hit fast’ “Write today. ‘The G.I. Togstad Company = 29 South Clinton St., Chicago, Ill. , ADVERT One 2 Ask today for a copy of the ~ulek-Aetion “Aaver mers . ng a he ool aaee. ** It contains lacts Ww: il prove interesting and valuable ~y—§ also tells *“‘How_ You Can Use Popular Science Monthly Profitably.” a. like to know, wouldn’t- you? Ad apne Yous Saeeiry Classified Advertising, Pop = hanged Monthiy nr, Fourth Ave., New ¥ ork. “NO , times mes selling food. le must C4 _ distribu make big money; Sow Pa No sapttal or-experience needed; goods may be returned. e Your $20.00 starting ordersent on trust. ito! Repeat orders sure; Ask now! Federal Pure Food Chicago.

fu ot

Excl e territory. Co., esit Archer,

WHY work for others? Make and sell your own goods. We show you how. Free book explains everything. mer Scientific Laboratories, 19 A Broad, Rich- mond,

than and NINE Write Dept. Acc a day driving nails in tires all re pega std eee ee ee 8 Send for Free 3 Ofer. ety Nelson, 13026 Logan Bidg., . Inc., New Orleans, La. AGENTS make

TAKE Sate for RNS Wa Overalls. Big Profits.

Work full or i No io coum uired. variety dress 2 Splendid line Union onade oak 1 shirts, coveralls, work ogee sheep- lined coats, e ts and vests. st a 28 Lincoln Ave.. Ch 5 gas ‘We can show you nent repeat business. tal Or ex- Co.,

your county. nc 4 we ma: eg direct, Big cash “promt an D season now. Write quick, » Dept. 233, Easy-Weai Shoe Co, Indianapolis, WANTED — Representatives ‘in nth seb in the United States. Solenee en Math 250 F Ave., New York. eed : * aes REPLATE brassy worn-off automobile parts. Re- Bashers Bathroom . fixtures, worn forks, etc., pure sitver. Look like new. 'U-Kan-Piats Use Polish Se a meres. $1.00 half Agent Fon. Eian-Plate Co. De Co., Dept. ee philadelphia 93) oe ING ee, guaranteed See SELES and pred Sa teder pata axel MED to tod Commission in advance. ats ig etl Boautital assortment 6°x 9 swatches free. B. Simpson, Dept. 1160, 843 Adams, Chicago.

$20 = OFIT daily selling needlebooks; costs 3-5c each; sells = Panios Three sam "25e. Catalogue a 2 eedlebook Specialty Gn 1 Broadway, New or! START a business! Our direct-by-mail system is a ~ sure way to. sell our $5000 Accident and Sickness (Premium $2-$24 a penn th Get territory conniasion on new and renewal Address Underwriters, | 701 Bonnell Building,

MANUFACTURE these World's a eine te specialties. A few dollars will start you ese in your own home, office or shop. You ll have pyres =< and Bpectalty Salesmen Selling % you easily do with my Guaranteed Su: facturer’s Formula and P Saposal, Blue Crystal Queen of Soaps; New Way Fabric Mending Fluid; Amazon Self Vulcanizing Rub Tire Weld Cement; Battery Gaus 5 Fluid; Parisian Bobbed Hair Liquid Marceller: Kings _all-color ick shining Shoe Paste; Cleno-Wonder No Water Han — — : Thermoite, Radiator Anti-freeze Crystals; M: shield Cloth; and many other New Unequal’ od ieee in all lines, Investment small, 1 ee. Great. State what interests you, enclosing stam) valuable descriptive literature addressing Miller, Chemist, 1706-Jetton-P, Tampa, Fiorida. AGENTS: __ $11.80 daily cash (send for sworn proof, Introducing New Insured Hosiery. 57 styl - 40 colors Pi: seven months. No capital lence uired. You simply take orders. e delive collect ‘saree ou can deliver, — yourself) it 4 ahha PAY YOU

Y, monthly mi benies. Winter line now ready. samples ape time will do. —o Textile Ca Company, Station 15212, 212, Cincinnati, Ohio.

AN UNUSUAL opportunity Earn $ $75.00 weekly and bonus taking orders for Nustile guaranteed Hosiery. Sample outfit furnished. Full or spare time. Write now. The Nustile Company, Dept. 4-12, Philadelphia, nach “FREE Booklet describes 52 plans for making $2 to $100.00 weekly in home or office business of your pose Downs Co., 232 wenn st. t Paul. Minn. store, NEWEST invention. pe and ron clin ice, home, Automatically. coils telephone & and Abolishes — and kinks. Grea’ vemper vader $25 Samples for cee desired. Neverknot, Dept. 1-9, MteCiure B AGENTS Sileamer Exar Executives Can Triple Their Sales Explaining Folder Free. Cutler Company, Reading, Pa. LIGHTNING storage pactery, compound. discharged batteHies imstantiyBiimitetes old ‘mote

a Galion free to agente. tning Co., St. Paul, 4 $50 DAILY Selling Salesboards—Make up to $33 on ne? sale selling », memes. gre Ts ren no to carry, write for 3-color catalogue and LS ome ang Lincoln Salea Co.. Dept. K. 98. Clinton, Chicaeo. “AGENTS sell Alward’s SR Dream Incense for gy sales and big profits. for wholesale price t with free sample. Teichert Incense Co., Brediase Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. MIRRORS re-silvered at home. Costs less 5 cents Fa oquess foot; you charge 75 cents. profits, P ting auto, Ped reflectors, tableware, stoves. Re- nishing metalware, etc. Outfits furnished. Write for information. Sprinkle, Plater 96. Mari rion, Indiana. FREE: A beautiful 5 tube tuned radio ee receiver,to the first man in each community who answers this ad_ within 10 days. Write now wy for particulars. A nationally advertised loud speaker will be sent free every Monday m for the first letter opened. E. Parker, Putnam St., Peabody, Mass. EARN $18 daily selling ~~ automobile product unnecessary. Free folder explains; t it y. Boone Specialty Co., Dept Co., Dept.-Auto, Boone, owa. SALESMEN attention. “Fast gelli Fast selling Fire Extinguisher, $2.00 commission each. Sells for $3.00 Write Lieungh-Fox Company, aon Mountain, Mich. - MR. ADVERTISER: Ask today for a copy of the “Quick-Action Advertising Rate Folder.” It contains some really: important facts hie will prove interesting and valual oo Tt also tells “How You Can Use Popular — “4 er ay ba = ou'd like to know, wouldn't yo your inquiry to: Y Science Monthly,

‘ord cars. t lever. 2 A al button needed. Saves bendix and ‘starter trou! Ment: New Jersey. DO you want a job as an Airplane Salesman? We need representatives to sell our new “Curtiss Racer" ent. These lanes a ali are die aang of pit my alloy, lished an ee whirling = uppe’ ted motor meter or ordinary radiator spa. Sample com: oa an Mae

Dept. 2, Dayton, Ohio. why work for others?

AGENTS— Make fastest selling auto supplies yourself; gas tablets, anti-freeze, auto lish, carbon remover, tor cement, *wind- shield compound, Tepairs, etc., Few do! buys ten secret form! , com ictions and all ma- M A ~ owen Enor- mous profits fro’ ore for 4 ra m start. Mower ero Co., Box 103, La Crosse, Wis. ‘gnevtent liquid thread darns ate time. —_ * 50c ; Men oe 100 daily. ake $3.20 on every 35° Sieg te maker. Facts free. Way Laboratories, . sa. Mt. Healthy, O) So ol! - le, aie ae oat ocd Co, Sept. 283, qsbame plates. P SELL Lawlite Deflector Shields to to ateeiata Zarages, se sold, Get, details omen Navel ee roe — Dept. C, 396 Greenwich Street,"New York City. “OVER 110% profit, Interested; repeat busines. wa Sell individual 148 Chambers St., New York.

any SE RICT Agents —For Union Made ‘Woo! sults and to) ts t $23.50, none . A remark- able line of 45 beau fal tailored a large and well rs) Sold’ thru our own stores ts. A ne See for any good man. money to start and for advance- ment. gp: rep RLS ce ata Men over 30 years of age with tailoring or e a use ambitious time men in Interested only in men who seek a future. Write for free and full informa-

tion. Address J. D. Harvey, Box 00, Chicago. “MAKE $150.00 to $400.00 weekly erat Rite Switch for F To start car just retard spark

a wen tea 3 of af $180 800.0 Go, monthiy prott,” Bove. ‘or ‘ ox, Sue ies feet 3 » Coin, Towa. P AG $ ar wok Cd eer introduc- ing Chieftain Guaran Shirts, 3 for $4.95. zinest weaves. Latest novelties. Have all competition d feated. Your pay in advance. We deliver and collect. Samp! free. Cincinnati Shirt Company, a ee Ohio. salesmen, wanted for eee ing. automobile : ity. Can earn hated o sn tte® foie folder. explains, A’ :

“Janua OT t) it friends couldn the cea onlooke true! “Wh about 1 in the of half ly crer recover which Jim, * never | teacher ‘We you,” admit. 1 one nc as far ; had as longed. Plano i an emp couldn’ of lear teacher lot of and ex envyin play: —" all the last M popula denly

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OU could have heard a pin drop in the room! I had just finished play- ing Rubinstein’s ‘‘Melody in F.””, My friends were actually dumbfounded—they couldn't believe their ears. At last I was the center of attraction instead of a mere onlookert It was just like a dream come true? “Why, you didn’t know a single about music not so long ago, Bob’’—‘‘How in the world did you ever do it?’’ A note of half envy, half admiration unconscious- ly crept. into their voices after they had recovered from the unexpected surprise which I had just furnished. ‘‘Yes,'’ said Jim, ‘‘what sort of a trick have you played on us—I thought you weren’t musically inclined?” “Oh, he’s been taking lessons for years and has kept it a secret’’—fol- lowed Betty and Sue in rapid-fire succes- sion. ‘You can’t fool us though, you never learned to play that well without a teacher,” “Well, you’re all wrong—every ene of. you,” I replied, chuckling*with glee. “‘I’ll admit that a short time.ago I didn’t- know One note of music from another. And as far as special talent goes—well, I never had any. And although I had always longed to be able to play the thing ~When Told Them [Learned Music Without a Teacher caught my eye. It told of a new, easy method of quickly learning music—right in your own home—and without a teacher. At first I laughed, like you folks, I thought that such a thing was a joke. Somehow or other I didn’t believe it was possible to learn music by mail. But that announcement set me wondering. So I decided that the only sensible thing to do was to investigate. And—well, you know the rest.’’ a oh Ba * * From the very beginning I was enthusi- astic about my wonderful course in music. Each new lesson was better and easier than the last. Everything abotit them was so simple that a child of eight could un- derstand it.. It was great fun—actually as fascinating as learning a new game. And { always played real notes and catchy tunes. No tricks, puzzles or makeshifts of any kind. Now I can play any piece of music, whether it’s a ballad, jazz or classical number. And I never have to refuse when I’m called upon to entertain. No more lonely nights for me. Now my life is just a joyous round of gay parties and admiring friends, Plano it was more or less of an empty dream. For I just couldn’t stand the thought * * *€£ & & Pick Your Play Any Instrument . learning music from a Instrument You, too, can now teach your- eacher and going through a | Piano Cello self to be an accomplished musi- ot monGsOnoUs scales Vio rey gle gb and pe iecoeh thie pol a and eX€rCises. It just went Drumsand Com ition method which has already shown against my grain. ‘ i mgs Babs 5 nging atcuat ed people how 3 play their “ ’ : njo ulele avorite instrument. orget that m _ I've just contented Tenor Guitar old-fashioned idea that you need pido wet sittin nipane 9Banjo Hewnlien special “talent.” Just ead the vying. ot ophone teel Guitar ist of instruments in the panel, play_oeae + tr tea d Mandolin Piccolo decide which one you want to all th & them have | Clarinet Harp play and the U. S. School will do the fun. Until one night | Flute Trombone the rest. And bear in mind no last March I. was reading a popular magazine and sud- Voice and —- Culture Automatic Finger Control Piano Accordion —_— enly af announcement matter which instrument you choose, the cost in each case will ue the same—just a few cents a ay. .of your Special Offer. No matter whether you are a mere beginner or already a good performer, you will be interested in learning about this new and wonderful method. Send for Our Free Booklet And Demonstration Lesson In order to make it clear to you—to show you just how and why it gets results twice as fast as any old-time method—we will send to you upon request an interesting free booklet and a valuable demonstration lesson that will make clear the method by which so many thousands have learned. The method is the same for all instruments. If you are in earnest about wanting to play your favorite instrument—if you really do want to gain the proficiency in music that will add to your happiness, increase vour popularity, and open the way to greater income—ask at once for the free booklet and demonstration lesson. Get- ting them will cost you nothine and place you under no obligation. Right now we are making a Special Offer to a lim- ited number of new students, Now—before it’s too late to gain its bene- fits—sign and mail the convenient cou- pon. Instruments supplied when needed, cash or credit. UL. : School 81 Brunswick Bldg., New York City. U. S. SCHOOL OF MUSIC, 81 Brunswick Bldg., New York City. Please send me your free book, ‘Music Lessons in Your Own Home,” with introduction by Dr Frank Crane, Demonstration Lesson and particulars I am interested in the fol- lowing course: ON aaa tn Seitw sedate Ns 20% sofa e Saha alata 's wie" 'n'o “bes 2 (Please write plainly) BARB Sick rere rere res cE TORT Soe. Gi i icicdecevavecvieerccdede State

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nk PURE See PR EPRI mF I rt “SOMEBODY I$ LIABLE TO GET INTO TROUBLE IF THEY KEEP ON ACTING LIKE THEY ARE” Stop Making Mistakes They may offend others as much as these offend you F some one you met for the first time made the mistakes in English shown above, what would you think of him? Would he inspire your respect ? Would you be inclined to make a friend of him? Would you care to introduce him to others as a close friend of yours? These errors are easy for you to see. Perhaps, however, you make other mistakes, which offend other people as much as these would offend you. How do you know that you do not mispronounce certain words; are you always sure that the things you say and write are grammatically perfect? To you they may seem correct, but others may know they are wrong. Unfortunately, people will not correct you when you make mistakes; all they do is to make a mental reservation about vou. ‘He is ignorant and un- cultured,” they think. So you really have no way of telling when your English offends others. F R E Book on English and 15-Minute Test Sherwin Cody, perhaps the foremost teacher of English in the country, has prepared a simple 15-minute English test which you can take in your own home. This test, with the answers which will also be sent, tells you at once just where you stand. You can discover at a glance whether you make even slight errors. Give yourself this test. If you are efficient in English, it will give you greater confidence; if you are deficient, you surely want to know it, so that you can correct your mistakes. Mr. Cody’s remarkable new invention, the 100% Self-Correcting Method, has already improved the English of more than 41, 000 people. No useless rules, no tedious copying, no hard study. Only 15 minutes a day required. You learn by creating the HABIT of using correct English. Nothing like Mr. Cody’s method has ever been used before. You do not want others to judge you unfairly. Write today for this test—it is free. We will also gladly mail you our new free book, **How to Speak and Write Masterly English.” Merely mail the coupon or a postal card, Sherwin Cody School of English 181 Searle Building Rochester, N. Y. Sherwin Cody School of English 181 Searle Building, Rochester, N. Y. Please send me your Free Book, ‘‘How to Speak and Write Masterly English,” and also Mr. Cody's 15-minute Test in English. AMR. 000600 006nenerssciveponeossebake anda AGAreas . 2c cc ccc ccc bewticewecusteseentnewiawts CIty. 0000cccecneninccenge mate cascensesnse SALESMEN AND AGENTS WANTED dictamee radio receiving sets. $100 profit. No Bharpe of Colorado vane $986 ae ogre sia Represen gone, Ona Ine. 128 C, toaey time—to sell hand = ly low . A won ts are c “.. Panto. Write "Painto- *palitograph Lg tag ad into- tographa, Ine., 7, 4083 8am) Theriot. STAMMERING ST-TUT-T-T-TERING and stammering cured home. Instructive booklet free. Walter McDonnell, 50 Arcade, 1126 Granville Avenue, Chicago, Ill. STAMPS AND COINS FREE! Price Lists of 3,000 b Bosnia. rene we ~+ ‘Manor UNITED Foreign 7 Cemloeve el t Vila Bin 10 10c. Ale Mens and fine set Medals. e, Colorado FREE! 5 5 20 unused to Approval Applicants sending 5c. Buckey, 528-P Alameda, Dayton, Ohio. p STAMES, 100. All different, 3 cents. Lists frce. S. Quaker Stamp Co., Foledo, "Ohio. 000 DIFFERENT stamps $1.00. Fred Onken, 630 79th Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. OLD Coins. for sal oe ten cents. Boston, M CALIFORNIA gold Bis a Bebo’ size, 53c and on whew iF cent ultz, Golorade Springs, Colorad Catalogue at Selling catalogue of coins ata uo quoting prices paid for coins, ein, 101B Tremont Street, 5 PS, 105 China, a 2c. Album (500 illustrations) . STAM 3c. Bullard. Station AA UNITED STATES—55 different (special issues, etc.), 10¢; Borneo Rhinoceros and 105 different, proreten. Hinges, ete., 10 10ce. 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Pick out the one that inter- ests you most and write a letter— not exceeding 150 words—telling us why you find the advertisement you have selected the most interesting. See page 5 for last month's prize winning letters and additional infor- mation about this contest. » January, 1926 Play £ Quickly‘ cut method of wil quickly cog how to sf int mrection ich will being. you popularity and social suc- — You learn to play from notes. If you never had any musical training, you will quickly ‘on on, because our nine experts have a course of home instruction which is as simple A, B, C’s. Picture and Phonograph Record ave don and as if they were actually in you. To prove this is easy, we will you your first lesson free. Rush Coupon—Send No ni So positive are we that becom our students, we be «Ba send free oertion. a, ngene ‘Alea feceive our free big boo! os are rticulars about our course. Waite saat pant k and your free lesson . 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Send one of your drawings, and let Mr. Evans see if you have ability and receive the Portfolio of Cartoons and full details about the course. It is not expensive. THE W. L. EVANS SCHOOL OF CARTOONING 825 Leader Building Cleveland, Ohie WAWeu ssouane, OF oh oop cicouauticnk as Edison, at 79, Still Stalks Nature’s Secrets (Continued from page 15) “Yes. It is rapidly becoming universal and replacing the old type lead battery.” “Which of your inventions are you completing or perfecting?” “Phonograph, batteries.” Again we note the economical omission of “and.” . Some one told me that the phonograph improvement relates to a method of automatic manufacture of the disks for records. And it is said the batteries are to be adapted for use with self starters for automobiles. This will be almost a revolutionary improvement. The alkaline storage cell lives forever compared with lead-sulphuric acid, but at present it lacks the immediate “kick’”’ needed for a self starter. “T WAS working on the battery to make it a self starter,” said an old em- ployee whom we may call Joe. “Told Mr. Edison it wouldn’t work. He came back at me pretty strong. ‘Do you understand the theory of electricity, including its mathematics?’ ‘No, I don’t,’ said I. ‘Only the practical part that I have to do with.’ ‘Well,’ said he, ‘you report a big voltage drop. Don’t you know the amperes rise when the volts drop, so there is the same wattage? . Don’t you know that amperes multiplied by volts equal watts? So what’s the trouble?’ ” If I had been in Joe’s place I should have wilted—taken my hat and slipped out of the laboratory as quietly as possible. Joe is a tough guy. He stood by what he knew. He dared remind the half-parent of electricity that wattage is not everything; voltage is pressure and is needed to do a job quick. There was too much internal resistance. More volts wanted. Thereupon Edison scratched his head—a good sign for Joe—and walked away. I believe the moral of this story is not that Homer nods, but that we should stick to what we know until the cows come home. To resume that interview, I asked, “On what new lines of research are you now engaged?” “Many. Wait until I’ve caught the fish.” My guess is that the biggest fish is a new automobile battery that would last 10 years instead of two. The saving to a hundred million dollars a year. And the nickel-iron-alkaline battery givés out no explosive or injurious fumes. “TF YOU were starting your career now, would you map a different course from that you have followed?” “No,” was the placid reply to an admittedly foolish question. ‘‘What inventions does the world most need to-day?” “The world doesn’t need more just now until general intelligence has in- creased so men can be had to operate what we have.” Edison was a bit tart in the last answer and seemingly contradictory, too, ¥ 1 (Continued on page 133) \" January, 192 PLUMBERS GUIDES -+ - $6 MASONS ELECTRICIANS GUIDES - - $6 HANDY BOOK $4 1734 America on that item would be more than os 2a Taxidermist Own ee ; ee Janu: Kc of | nev tol abc his tha cha as | ind exa

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: ) le le : J y 4 e “ ; Ll is 1 ad a mao av eary Edison, at 79, Still Stalks Nature’s Secrets (Continued from page 132) of his own effort to give the world more new things. But I am glad he poked us on our general intelligence. He once told me that man needed to develop about two more twists or convolutions of his gray matter. Also I deduced from that answer that there is a shortage among us of real brainy mechanics and a chance for bright young fellows to qualify as operators of high grade machines. “How about the American chemical industry versus foreign competition—for example, German synthetic wood alco- hol?” I asked. ‘“‘American chemical industry is in the making. Germany is still ahead, but not for long.” HE inventor might have added that he himself gave the domestic chemical industry quite.a boost during the war, manufacturing benzol, carbolic acid, and a substance that has a name of nine syllables. ; “Do you still cut down on sleep, Mr. Edison?” “No,” evidently meaning that the sleep period is now fixed. “How much do you sleep?” “Five to six hours. The quality is still perfect.” While ever hostile to sleep, Edison has been wont to lead special campaigns against Morpheus at times when there was a big problem to solve. A member of his famous “insomnia squad” told me about a notable campaign of this sort which took place about a dozen years ago. The problem was to replace the phonograph recording cyclinder with a disk of a new, virgin type.. For three weeks “the old man” shut himself in the laboratory with ‘a faithful few and never left it, day or night. His food was brought to him: he took catnaps on a cot,- totaling perhaps three hours of slumber out of each 24. At any time he could have been whisked home in a car in five minutes—a fine comfortable home up the hillside in Llewellyn Park—but he had vowed not to leave the scene of action until that enemy problem was licked. His aids were permitted to go home for a-little rest, if they liked, after each 36 hours of fighting in the trenches. Overtime pay? Yes. They did get paid in hearing the boss. tell. endless funny stories of a Chaucerian sort and in working shoulder to shoulder with the greatest human dynamo in the world. . TH boss used to keep’a box of good cigars on his desk. He noticed once that they did not last very long and he mentioned that fact to the man who manufactured the brand specially for him. “Tl tell you what, Mr. Edison. I'll make up some cigars out of rubbish—you keep that box open on your desk for these self-helpers. Keep your own box of good cigars locked in your desk.” So it was done, and ‘shortly afterward the tobacconist asked Edison how the little scheme’ worked... . ~~ (Continued on page 134) WmAaVeyscouae| Do you want a man’s size pay envelope? So did this man. Are you a little shy on book learning? This chap never finished eighth grade at school. But he looked the field over and chose the line nineteen out of iwenty Help Wanted ads called for. He learned the line that’s always in demand. He wrote to me in February. By the middle of May he was a drafis- man.- ‘Today, my mail brought his photo and the statement, ‘I’ve been made Assistant to the Chief Draftsman at $400 a month!” Six Months is ample time for anyone to learn draftsmanship. It’s longer than this man studied at home under me! And you need no “talent” for drafting. This student wasa garage hand when he started my course! Smart? Yes. Smart enough to pick the livest line in all industry. Train at Home Under My Supervision —and I'll have you right in the business of drafting—the jirst hour. There are no books. No theories. We put the tools in your hands, tell you what they're for, #llustrate how they're used —and you begin io draft. I will have you so interested inside of a week—and so sure of yourself in ‘S> a monthortwo—but you'll haveto clipthecoupon and get the introductory material to see what a pleasant and profitable course is waiting for you! A. You Need Only the Will to Start We have everything required to put you in the high- pay class—everything but your name and address. lf you clip the coupon now and mail it—we'll make the next move—by next mail! REMEMBER, it’s supply and demand that regulates everyone’s pay. What good is a machinist if every shop has a waiting list of willing men? What does a head crammed with electricity get you when electrical shops have signs up ““NO HELP WANT- ED"? But every industry is clamoring for draftsmen. (Just check this up in the aot Ad columns of any news- aper. , OBS WAITING allover the U. S. very industry uses blueprints by the thousands, as you know. The nines concerns recruit their raftsmen from our o bs We haven't students enough to Fi ‘round right now— an the shortage will be worse. Therefore: to induce action I'll furnish tools without extra charge. Would you rather have a corres- lence Tothenext fifty men enrolling,noextra charge for complete working outfit! at imported nickel silver draw- mts, a Chief’s Own draw- table, rules, squares, {So write at once. Let Ambition g new: enlarg Guide You ae Oho oKopeiaeoauiakios Smarter than r Here / Is Proof That DRAFTSMANSHIP Leads the Field There can be no mistake about the field for you. Read below the partial list of 14,282 articles and trades where the drafts- man’s work comes first: Aeroplanes and Parts Agricultural Imple- ments Armatures Automobiles Building Boats Bridges Commutators: Dies, Tools, Jigs, Etc. Elevators Engines Electrical Furniture Hardware Iron and Steel Products Jewelry Laboratory Apparatus Locomotives Machines (All Kinds) Nuts, Bolts, Screws Presses Railway Equipment Structural Steel Store Fronts Telephones Tools Valves Wagons Wire Products Zinc Specialties | | You Suffer if You Wait Mail This COUPON SOW a { Div. 13-61, 1951 Lawrence Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 4 WITHOUT OBLIGATING ME send full information ¢ about the way 208 ged pregee! draftsmanship, yous OOK, an free tool offer. —but don’t let it run away. There are - “4 teach most a many‘ Is’ that ’ anything. Shoot for the line that is 4 Agaress practical — profitable. Get the knowl- 6 edge every industry meedsandiswilling 9g to pay for, P.O

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DAKop akery Follow this Man! Secret Service Operator 38 Is on the Job! OLLOW him through all the ex- F citement of his chase of the counterfeit gang. See how a crafty operator works. Telltale finger prints on the lamp stand in the mur- dered girl’s room! The detective’s cigarette case is handled by the un- suspecting gangster, and a great mystery is solved. Better than fiction. It’s true, every word of it. No — tion, Just send the coupon. FREE! The Confidential: Reports No. 38 Made to His Chief And the best part of it all is this. It may open your eyes to the great future for YOU as a highly paid Finger Print Expert. More men are needed right now. This school has taken men just like you and trained them for high official positions. This is the kind of work you would like. Days full of excitement. Big salaries, Rewards. Can You Meet This Test? Can you read and write? Are Ou ambitious? Would you give30 minutes aday of yourspare time preparing yourself for this profession? Would vou like a life of excitement, thrillin: —' adventures and high pay? — yes I'll show you how to attain all this. a— the coupon and I’ll send the Free Re- rts — also a wonderful illustrated book Polling of the future awaiting you as a Finger Print Expert. T. G. COOKE, Pres. University of Applied Science 1920 Sunnyside Ave., Dept. 13-61, Chicago, Ill. secbeetkisidiniwe siesta wireintiannlae University of Applied Science Gentlemen:—Without any obligation whatever, send me your new, fully illustrated Free Book on Finger Prints and your special offer of a course in Secret Service Intelligence and the Professional Finger Print Outfit that I can get now at no extra cost. “see eee eee ee Se Se 1920 Sunnyside Ave., Dept. 13-61, Chicago, m1, 4 WAWeWscr vale! '@ Ho} okey cicibuabugikoc Edison, at 79, Still Stalks Nature’s Secrets (Continued from page 133) “Say!’”’ exclaimed the inventor, after scratching his head. “The desk box is empty. Guess I forgot and smoked ’em myself!’ The boss often borrowed tobacco from his laboratory men, I was told, using the same 10-cent brand that they liked. One of them set up a tobacco shop in the laboratory for mutual convenience. Edison patronized it to the extent of two packages a week, but overlooked the detail of payment. The employee couldn’t dun the boss for casual dimes. Some one advised him to send a monthly bill to the inventor’s secretary. He did, and was promptly paid, then and afterward. Wines on this anecdotage, I'll in- clude one of the latest going the rounds of the works—which illustrates several things, including the infinite detail that occupies the inventor. At the peak of production the great buildings have housed over 10,000 employees. The story goes that Edison, making his usual rounds, saw a weight on a door on Monday and he sent his usual note, “Weight no darn good. Take it off.”” It was taken off. On Tuesday he sent another note, “Where is that weight?” It was put on. On Wednesday the boss wrote, ““Why hasn’t matter been attended to? Weight still there. Why don’t you do something about it?” The adjuster of weights took the note to his superior and said: “I can’t answer this.’”’ The superior said: “Leave it to me,’’ and he sent the follow- ing to Edison: “On again, off again, on again, Finne- gan. Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday. On Thursday we'll take it off, Friday we'll put it back, Saturday have it off again. But what the——will we do Sunday?” Doubtless the boss started to scratch his head over this effusion and then had a hearty laugh, for no one likes a joke better. He “razzes” his men and doesn’t mind a return. As far as this door yarn is concerned, I wouldn’t be surprised if © the weight on and off was an experiment; perhaps a psychological test of a dumb- looking janitor. I ASKED Mr. Edison about his present diet and he replied: “T eat very little. The amount of power one can get out of a piece of toast is marvelous. What menu? One and one-half glasses milk, tablespoonful cooked oats, one sardine each meal. Weight con- stant—186 pounds.” This menu is followed for weeks at a time and it includes all meals. The inventor used to weigh himself every day as a check up on his rations, increasing or diminishing food allowance according to the record of the scales. “What is your present view of college education?” “‘Impracticable,” was the terse answer. Every one recalls the Edisonian strafe against colleges a few years ago and how the higher learning was put to a seemingly (Continued on page 135) Jan@ary, 19% LEARN BY DOING phase of all ranches ELECTRICITY taught by Actual Practice In America’s foremost and oldest ene lig trade No Books Used Individual Instruction Start Any Day Write for FREE 64-page catalog THE NEW YORK ELECTRICAL SCHOOL 40 West 17th St., New York City DRAFTING Lessons actually sent FREE! to prove you can learn AT HOME in your spare time! Ever n tell you all abo and big salaries open to "s a big demand ‘tsmen, for men k Drafti from Wing's ond at S76%o Stab s wes” tno, See Cash Prize Offer on Page 4 in front advertising section

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anuary, 1926 MAoy ak ary |Edison, at 79, Still Stalks Nature’s Secrets (Continued from page 134) | disgraceful rout under a questionnaire bombardment. That warfare was perhaps embittered by the fact that a number of college graduates were employed in the experimental laboratory. All were suave, hopeful young men, I was told, and when the boss asked them what progress they were making on a problem, they replied that they had just about won. However, on the test, their work usually fell to pieces. This seemed to prove to Edison that colleges merely turned out rank optimists. On the other hand, the self- taught, roughneck members of the labor- atery staff were inclined to. be more conservative, even. pessimistic, on their progress; and when the test came, they often gave Edison a glad surprise. HE famous questionnaire, compris- ing hundreds of inquiries on every subject from caleulus to cucumbers, has not been used on job applicants for some time. Instead, I believe, the boss gives the applicant a searching visual “‘once- over.” At least he did this the other day to a young chap who was going on the road as a salesman. The young chap said nothing while the boss and his secretary exchanged some shorthand notes; he was just inspected and passed. -A while back all employees were disciplined with the questionnaire, save a minority of veteran. roughnecks who declined to say whether they had read George Eliot. Nor did these rebels suffer for their atti- tude. “Can you give a little advice to yourg men on how to developcreative talent?” I asked the inventor. "YOUNG: men do not take advice,” said Edison gravely, perhaps with a im very slight twinkle in his eye. He added: “Creative talent apparently cannot be acquired.” ) Of course we know that millions of : young and old men have taken a lot of | HEM Udison's -edyige and they'll keep. doing ! so for a long time to come. He has fairly . forced his advice on the world in voice, song, and light. You bet we take his advice! As for creative talent, hasn’t he : told us we’re all due to grow another ? loop of that gray matter? ; My next query was framed to match . the apparent tone of his last response: “Has man progressed mentally in the last 50 (or 5000) years?” A few years ago I believe Edison rapped out a stiff negative to this very question. You can judge whether he is not now mellower and more hopeful of humanity by this answer: “Yes, The number of men in every nation, per capita, who are honest, humane, and highly intelligent is in- creasing. This number is a measure of our civilization. The Lord appears to be in no hurry.” “Will man yet attain a drudgeless world through machines or by tapping the power of sun, tide, or atom?’’ ‘There -is no limit to the invention of fully automaticmachines,” replied Edison. ‘Man will work less and. less.”’ 3 —_ wo Making OP Oueremunn, 135 Daring Young Needed in Aviation HERE is no field of work in the world today which offers such amazing opportunities to young men of daring and who love adventure, as does Aviation. Although still in its infancy, there is a crying demand in Aviation for young men with courage, nerve and self-reliance. For those who can qualify there will be thousands of highly paid jobs which will lead quickly and surely to advancement One student, S. F. Chicago, says: “Your lessons are like a romance, and what is more, after one reading, the student gets a thorough understanding. One never tires of reading them.” James Powers, Pa., another student, says: “I am indeed surprised that such a_ valuable course can be had from such practical men for so little cost.” McNaughton Personal Instruction by Experienced Men and success. Men who have had actual ‘ PREPARE experience in Aviation give Big Opportuni- POSITI ONS you personal attention and ties Await the Trained Man Look over the fields of work which are open to the young man_ today. You will find that Avia- tion is the ONE FIELD that is not overcrowded— the ONE FIELD in which there is plenty of room at the top. Think of it! Only 21 years ago Orville and Wilbur Wright made the world’s first airplane flight. Now airplanes fly Aeronautical Instructor $60 to $150 per week Aeronautical $100 to $300 per week Aeronautical Contractor Enormous profits Aeroplane Repairman $60 to $75 per week Aeroplane Mechanician $40 to $65 per week Aeroplane Inspector $50 to $70 per week Aeroplane Salesman per year and up § Aeroplane Assembler ‘ $40 to $65 per week Aeroplane Builder $75 to $200 per week guide you carefully through your training. They select the lessons, lectures, blue- prints and bulletins. They tell you the things that are essential to your success, Every lesson is easy to read and quickly understood. Big Book on Aviation FREE Engineer around the world. Yes, Aviation offers the same wonderful oppor- tunities today that the automobile and motion. picture industries did 15 and 20 years ago. Men who got in on the ground floor of those indus- tries .made fortunes _ before others woke up.. AVIATION IS NEW! It clamors for nervy young men—and the trained man _has the world before him in Aviation. Easy to Become an Aviation Expert—$50 to $100 a Week You can qualify now quickly for one of these exciting, highly paid jobs through a new, sure, easy method of training. The study of Aviation is almost as in- teresting as the work itself. Every lesson is fascinating and packed full of interest. That’s why Aviation is so easy to learn—you don’t have to force your- self to study—once you start, you can’t get enough of it. Only one hour of spare time a day will give you the basic train- _ ing in an amazingly short time. Send coupon below for New Free Book, just out, “Op- portuni- ties in y the Air- 7 plane Indus- try” It is interesting and instructive and will show you many things about Aviation which you never knew before. Only a_ limited number offered—get yours before the edition is exhausted. AMERICAN SCHOOL OF AVIATION . 1361, 3601 Michigan Ave., Chicago, Ill. iene: ais semi: ceen: a soca a ame dea ts demas, cage Gay de = AMERICAN SCHOOL OF AVIATION, | | 3601 Michigan Ave., Dept. 1361, Chicago, Ill. Without any obligation, send me your Free j | Book, ‘‘Opportunities in the Airplane Indus- | try,”” also information about your Course in ! Practical Aeronautics. } Gaia's chen dathoue kon wag adie ke } ee ee a Sees soa ad !

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Snakes Are Safe if You Know | how to Pet Them (Continued from page 21) “That fat three-footer with the beauti- ful cireular design on his flanks is an urutt. He’s an irritable little cuss. Watch!” Joaquim poked at the snake with his stick, and the reptile instantly struck blindly right and left, without coiling. “He thinks he’s a machine gun,” said Joaquim. “He strikes so often and so fast that he doesn’t bother to take aim. The law of chance is in his favor. The uruté is abundant, and he cripples when he doesn’t kill. One of his victims was brought here for treatment. She was totally blind, vomiting blood, shaking with chill, and barely conscious. She had been bitten less than: an hour before. You would have said she was already past hope. It took two injections of serum and two days of care to cure her. “THE boipeva, which also strikes from flat on the ground, without coiling, and the white-tailed jararaca that you see over there, are close relatives of the others I’ve mentioned, but aren’t so com- mon nor dangerous. Your moccasins and copperheads in the United States are allied to these species. “‘Now here we come to Mr. Cascavel, the Crotalus terrificus, the boicininga—in a word, the good old always-unreliable rattler. We have only one species of rattler in Brazil, compared with the dozen or so that you have in the United States—but our one is quite enough. His venom is five times more active than any other we have studied. He is common and savage; slow to act, it is true, but deadly sure. Our kind friends on the fazendas, or farms, send us as many as two thousand living specimens a year. ‘A victim of the rattler should receive serum treatment within two hours, to be safe, and should be watched for as much as three weeks, during which period the dangerous symptoms may crop out again even after an apparent cure. “There are about 500 known species of poisonous snakes in the world. The rattlers and moccasins and these Brazilian snakes I’ve shown you are closely related. All have fangs with a hollow tube through which the venom flows. But we have quite another kind of snake in Brazil—those gorgeous little coral snakes that you see over there. They are related to India’s devastating cobra. You can see the similarity in shape—long, thin, and graceful, and if you cared to examine their teeth, you | would find that their fangs have only a trough, or partially open canal, through which the poison flows, instead of a wholly inclosed tube as in the case of the other snakes you’ve seen.” I TOLD Joaquim I’d take his word for it about the fangs; but I couldn’t help admiring again, just as I often have in the jungles, those dainty little coral snakes, with their brilliant bands of red, black, yellow and white. They are deadly in the extreme—but fortunately their color- ing, like a gaudy bead necklace, makes them conspicuous. Next Joaquim pointed out a long, grace- (Continued on page 137)

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yuary } EUNNEKeS) nakes ATE 4 AnovV now to Pe nem 0 0 / 6 s J ‘ é 51) J OiU gg n he said H S on enomous hims nd Oo ‘ ents 1n pg p nomo sn eS n ff ears 0 nas = S ¢ araraca som 1 hem D1¢¢g n Oh, fo ong time, we had g opes O ‘ OW We pong vo preeq Littl atid (lis 4 7 e e d ete ~ 0 ne OUD J KES Q 0 ‘ ne V ng things th : e U é 4 CS U YOISONY ~ Se nents S it} ~S wild J 0 2 d ace 0 neq V - eC 0 ng Lie S DVOQ ‘ ough p eda D ne poison ngs era nes 6}¢ ‘ ~ ‘at OW e muss would wrap th re a gE 2 i) é : OLS 1G iT) would get hold of his enemy's HE atter would hard en oh ‘ vas eC yO Lis OTT) 0 Vea i Lis 0 : q sho s 1n his pas nerie e ad always aon 4 hen o his e Was U eRe U 4 ite it] Ss nas q S ‘ t = V 3 ¢ é at 55 ana V S s00n USOrVU y as ¢ i © ne alald 5 1C ¢ U NOL Apparen nere S Of] ONE Si) KC V ose POIson S Gead « ‘ ‘ SS na ang é S ie Ves a U B fi scheme of breeding muss anas UrOve OTS O é aAZe Uas ilas worked NT ec 76 ew sn mens and we n keep ™ 0 nem C 2 0 i ed nh the dea oO sing wild ogs to fight snakes e 00 e ne mmune to venom D 0 diirere ason s simp d J SO i] é é ne DoIsO rets through a DO And the e to e snakes B : 2 : ee a ectensaite toast satindk tc - +. and perhaps you, like other am- ‘For there is a profession begging for clean- bitious men, due to the lack of money, cut, . earnest men, like yourself! Look into it! ey destro ops as well as serpents time and education necessary to master 60,000 Moler graduates know Modern dificult mechanical trades, wonder what Barbering is easy to learn, inexpensive, OW V na otn white nop ne you can get into quickly and make the ver to earn, clean and FASCINATING! atio offensive arvainst serpents = most out of, now! aven't you over- t ys better than you think! FIND Sa aa which cn looked the very thing you are looking for> OUT! Write for booklet C. I yoeingy we, Saggeentersn ‘Address the branch’ of the MOLER SYSTEM OF COLLEGES nearest you nov ’ (Street address not needed) Chicago, Ill. ' Detroit, Mich. Memphis, Tenn.’ Los Angeles, Calif. New York, N. Y. Denver, Colo. Dallas, Tex. Salt Lake City, Utah skunk Was Pp O an osure St. Louis, Mo. New Orleans, La. Houston, Tex. San Francisco, Calif. with a caacave > anproache he Kansas City, Mo. Omaha, Nebr. * San Antonio, Tex. Tacoma, Wash. BPPo he % i. afebetirk etre Cincinnati, Ohio Milwaukee, Wisc. Minneapolis, Minn. Portland, Ore. ALULE snilied and was promp Cleveland,-Ohio Atlanta, Ga. Seattle, Wash. Winnipeg, Man., Can. bitte ee , No am A Fargo, N. D. J] os ~ 0 & S 4 DiOOd OTN OF é OTL LIS NOS iG en . a kK 0 t 0 bundan 0 s © SKUD ned sed paw 0 Wiped th n ad nose n 3 ded OH reac n y 7 Wa ‘ p 0 Vitno no ete ‘ D bit off th ; s head 0 p f : | ‘ | ‘ Oppa t nao V sn poison giands ng 0 | 0 Von ' ¢ Of) é OQ 0 ~ 4 t i! U % One 0 GO , A 7 5 = Wy nin ~ n nows n os j Dt ; Al AD oF DF = * ‘ al ig n sn mm e . - i ‘ ‘ De ' \) 0 e pites of others o ne same sp eS e noun 0 veno eSs 0 nsti Dep 29 ‘ anothe y J sn PS O R Ss nd e Vv O harg D 0 C SH AS aqogs 60 norses 500 SS Posta : amination questio ee eee ec get a ove nen ob d O aDD aon ow now mM n om a hich camin on be held and ees a Ou Would pe nece 0 KI on 0 ne oc

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Snakes Are Safe if You Know How to Pet Them (Continued from page 137) skunks. We hope that ultimately they may prove to be a valuable ally in the war against snakes. “But today the only real hope is the serum. The way we make it is fairly simple. The venom is extracted by holding a snake and forcing him to strike with his fangs on a glass vial, which receives about half a teaspoonful of the poison. This is diluted and otherwise treated, and then injected into the horses that we keep for the purpose. Doses growing. gradually stronger are given repeatedly for about six months. By that time the horse’s blood has developed an extraordinary resistance to the poison. We draw off then about six quarts of his blood and from this the serum is made. pe ECTES into any snake-bite vic- tim, this serum apparently neutral- izes the effect of the poison until the vic- tim’s own glandular system has time to rise to the emergency and conquer the poison. ‘You often have read of many methods supposed to cure snake bite. Making a ligature, sucking out the venom, taking brandy and cathartics, and keeping the puncture open with a packing of sterile gauze all are recommended. Down here, from repeated experiment, we are con- vinced that all the familiar recipes are quite futile. The snake venom fixes it- self on the nerves, in the tissues and blood, with devastating rapidity. Once you are bitten, it is too late for any cure except serum. ‘All reported cases of cures by these other methods mean merely that the snake was not a poisonous species, or else that his fangs did not administer a normally fatal dose. “Our daily association with snakes here has upset a whole raft of superstitions. Snakes will not pursue you. They will not attack you unless disturbed. They cannot leap through the air, as our natives firmly believe. They cannot hypnotize anything. We have repeated- ly tested on birds, rats, and toads this widely credited hypnotic power of snakes, and we know they have no such power. ax a= superstition has grown up around the snake’s forked tongue. Not only our natives, but many educated people think that that flashing pink tongue is a poisonous sting. As a matter of fact, it is nothing but a feeler, and is utterly harmless, The two fangs, which fold back when the mouth is closed, and spring down into striking position when it is open, are the only weapons the snake has. “Here, help me hold this rattler a min- ute, and I’ll show you—” There Joaquim went again, picking up snakes! I’d had enough. I told him that I must go to keep an engagement with wild Indians in the jungle. I’ve learned today that you are perfectly safe with snakes if you have plenty of serum, and wear leggings and gloves, and know how to handle the reptiles. But I rather suspect that you can be still safer by not handling them at all.

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6 Manuary, 1926 MAKo) ah ss Vv 139 Oo) Noy erevonvire

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At the left is a view of my drafting and specification offices where a large staff of experienced experts are in’'my constant employ. All drawings and specifications are pre- pared under my personal supervision. PROTECT YOUR IDEAS @ Take the First Step Today—<s:::.: | If you have a useful, practical, novel idea for any new article or for an improvement on an old one, you should communicate with a competent Registered Patent Attorney AT ONCE. Every year. thousands of applications for patents are filed in the U.S. Patent Office. Frequently two or more applications are made for the same or substantially the same idea (even though the inventors may live in different sections of the country and be entirely unknown to one another). In such a case, the burden of proof rests upon the last application filed. Delays of even a few days in filing the application sometimes mean the loss of a patent. : So lose no time. Get in touch with me at once by mailing the coupon below. No Charge for Information Strict Secr ecy Preserved on How to Proceed Write Me in Confidence The books shown here contain valuable information relating to Ei ait ; patent procedure that every inventor should have. And with All communications, sketches, drawings, etc.,

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of Inverttion’’ form, together with detailed information on how to write me fully and frankly. Your case will

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683 WOOLWORTH BUILDING New York City 1311 TOWER BUILDING Chicago, Iil. ACP aKony PATENTS TRADE-MARKS DESIGNS FOREIGN PATENTS MUNN & CO. PATENT ATTORNEYS Associated since 1846 with the Scientific American 519 VAN NUYS BUILDING Los Angeles, Cal. a Books and Information on Patents and Trade Marks By Request. Associates in All Foreign Countries, 522 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN BLDG. Washington, D. C. 664 HOBART BUILDING San Francisco, Cal. Miailk bale, Opportunities January, 19% ia To the Man With an Idea I offer a most comprehensive, experi- enced, efficient service for his prompt, legal protection and the development of his proposition. Send sketch, or model and description, for advice as to cost, search through prior United States patents, etc. Preliminary advice glad- ly furnished without charge. My experience and familiarity with various arts, frequently enable me to accurately ad- vise clients as to probable patentability be- fore they go to any expense. Booklet of valuable information and form for properly disclosing your idea, free on re- quest. Write today. RICHARD B. OWEN Patent Lawyer 6 Owen Building, Washington, D. C. 41-D, Park Row New York City TRADE -MARKS REGISTERED i CENOFOR NY THIS FORMA © DON’T LOSE YOUR RIGHTS TO PATENT PROTECTION Before disclosing your invention to anyone send for blank form ‘‘EVIDENCE OF ‘eae ON’? to be signed and witnessed. | sample form together with printed instructions will show youjust how to work up your evi- dence and establish thesame before filing ap- plication for patent. As registered patent at- torneys we represent hundreds of inventors all over the United States and_Canadain thead- vancement of inventions. Ourschedule of fees” of Conception,” sample, instructions relating to obtaining of patents and schedule of fees sent poe request. Ask for them,—a post card rill do. 274 Ouray Bldg. ‘WASHINGTON, D. C. Originators of forms “Evidence of Conception.” willbe found reasonable. ‘The form “Evidence §f our terms, methods, etc. Send of your invention for Inspec- tion and Instructions Free. Terms Reasonable. erences. RANDOLPH & CO. Dept. 130, Washington, D.C. NVENTORS your weas Send for our Guide Book, HOW TO GET A PATENT, and Evidence of Invention Blank, sent Free on request. Tells Best Ref- PROTECT model or sketch and description Lessons in Magic ay (Continued from page 18) Do this a few times when all six papers If are attached. Then, when you remove may one, raise the knife, apparently as before, | about but as the point comes up, push your them thumb slightly in the direction of the some point of your forefinger. This will give | MM then | the knife a half turn that will not be hem i detected, but will let the audience see backii only the side of the blade that was visible when the knife was held in the H lowered position. T# When you bring the knife down, of course, rectat you pull your thumb in the opposite pages direction so that the half turn is reversed. paper With a little practice you should be able to be: to show either side of the knife at will. sheets limit NOTHER little “table trick”: Take your a lump of sugar from a bowl, roll it The out on the table and challenge any of your : : leme companions to set it on fire. When offecti several of them have held matches to it memb -unsuccessfully, you take it, or another of ev lump, hold a match to it, and immediately the sugar begins to burn. The trick here lies*in applying a tiny speck of tobacco ash to the sugar. You may do this either by letting the lump of sugar carelessly fall to the table or to a plate where you have placed a speck of ash, or by rubbing a little ash against the sugar with the end of your finger. The smallest bit is sufficient to start the sugar burning when you apply the match, for the ash and the sugar form a fusible chemical compound. This is as far as I would advise any amateur to go in performing chemical tricks, for such tricks may cause serious accident and injury to a person who has not a thorough knowledge of chemicals and their effects. I have just received a letter from the sister of an amateur magician telling me that Her brother had blown off one of his arms while mixing a flash powder of phosphorus and potash, and asking me to warn others against playing with powerful and dar- gerous chemical combinations. attent are d mome aid it patter amate abilit) intere Self ness i cessfu never to do self ci consci ceasel Fi W 4 Bases are a number of pretty and amusing effects to be obtained by folding and tearing paper. One of the best of these is what is called a “Jacob’s Ladder.” Fold the short edge of a sheet of newspaper to form a little “hem” of about half an inch. Roll the sheet down} its length loosely into a cylinder about] 1% inches in diameter. When six 0} eight inches from the end of the ral, insert another sheet of newspaper and| continue rolling. Continue this process until your roll| consists of 10 or a dozen sheets, or more,| if experiment shows you that you cal Kir handle them. Be sure, though, not toMidards make the roll too tight. one, ¢ When you have completed the cylinder, @have | flatten it down and tear out a piece 3 shown in the drawing on page 18. Fold down the ends as shown, flattening the center piece and. smoothing all wrinkles out of the two ends. Take hold of the little hem in the center of one of the cylindrical ends and pull. Alternately pulling on the hem in each cylinder, draw out the “ladder’’ to its full length. worth an iss of yo _ (Continued on page 141)

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anuary, 1926 Lessons in Magic (Continued from page 140) - If performing this effect unaided, it may help you if you put rubber bands ™ about the cylindrical ends ‘to prevent them from unrolling. Or you may ask some one to hold the ends for you, and then pull out the “ladder” by taking the hem in each cylinder in your fingers and backing away. ) HE ladder, of course, ueed not be made with newspaper. You can use rectangular sheets of almost any size— pages from a magazine, typewriting paper, colored paper; whatever happens , tobeat hand. The greater the number of sheets, of course, the longer the ladder; the limit is determined only by the number , your fingers are strong enough to tear. t These tricks, although more or less r elementary, are, every one of them, most A effective if artistically performed. Re- t member that misdirection is the secret t of every magical illusion. Divert the y attention of your audience from what you are doing, particularly at the criticcl y moment in your trick. A most effective r. aid in bringing this about is bright e patter, so, if you are to succeed as an le amateur magician, you must acquire the a ability to talk rapidly, continuously, and h interestingly. at Self confidence to the point of brazen- to ness is another attribute that the suc- ly cessful magician must have. You can m never put over an illusion if you attempt to do so in a timid, bashful manner. And ny self confidence will come only from the al |B consciousness of skill, won by patient, us ceaseless practice. as s/ =From the Editor’s Mail ce a WwHy do you read PopuULAR SCIENCE an MONTHLY? What articles interest . you most? a The following letters are typical of the hundreds that come from our readers every month, telling us of the pleasure and profit they derive from reading nd |MEE. OPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. by Won’t you write, too, and tell us just the |e What you think about this magazine? an- _ What an Inventor Says » I am a man who has been inventing , wa since I was 19 years old, and today I am 46 years old. I have read a good many out | ; t > or | Magazines concerning inventions, but -oll,| POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY is about the eee “¢ I have read.—P. K., Mamaroneck, 2 @ and roll | ore, | cal ; to No More Haphazard Buying Kindly send me the list of tools which the Popular Science Institute of Stan- dards has tested and approved. I, for one, can appreciate such service as I often have bought tools only to discard them as worthless.—J. W., Evergreen, L.I., N. Y. Wouldn’t Miss an Issue I have been taking PopULAR SCIENCE MonrTuLy a long time and wouldn’t miss an issue. —B. A. H., Montreal, Can. Interested in Astronomy I subscribe to your magazine because of your astronomical articles.—W. D. U.., Niagara Falls, N.Y. der, p as Fold Have You An Idea? , FOR THE PROTECTION Our Offer: OF YOUR INVENTION YOUR FIRST STEP Before disclosing an invention the inventor should write for our blank form “RECORD OF INVENTION” This should be signed and witnessed and returned to us together with mode! or sketch and description of the invention for INSPECTION and INSTRUCTIONS No Charge for the Above Information Our Four Books Mailed Free to Inventors Our Illustrated Guide Book HOW TO OBTAIN A PATENT Contains full instructions regarding U. S. Pat- ents. Our Methods, Terms, and 100 Mechanical Movements illustrated and described. OUR TRADE MARK BOOK Shows value and necessity of Trade Mark Protection. Information regarding Trade Marks and unfair competition in trade. OUR FOREIGN BOOK We have Direct Agencies in Foreign Countries, and secure Foreign Patents in shortest time and at lowest cost. PROGRESS OF INVENTION Description of World’s Most Pressing Problems by Leading es. Scientists and Inventors IMPORTANT TO MAKE YOUR CASE SPECIAL AND AVOID DELAY YOU SHOULD HAVE YOUR CASE MADE SPECIAL IN OUR OFFICE to secure protection, save correspondence and obtain early filing date in Patent Office. To secure special preparation of your case send $25.00 on account with model, or sketch and description. All Communications and. Data Strictly Confidential. Interference and Infringement Suits Prosecuted. Our Organization offers PERSONAL SER- VICE by Experienced Patent Solicitors and Draftsmen. We Regard a Satisfied Client as our best advertisement, and furnish anyone, upon request, lists of clients in any state for whom we have secured patents. Highest References—Prompt A ttention—Reasonable Terms WRITE TODAY F VICTOR J. EVANS & CO. ree Patent Attorneys New York Offices Philadelphia Offices Pittsburgh Offices Coupon 1007 Woolworth Bldg. 714-715 Liberty Bldg. ‘ 514 Empire Bldg. Chicago Offices, 1114 Tacoma Bldg. San Francisco Offices, Hobart Bldg. Main Offices: 760 Ninth Street, Washington, D. C. Gentlemen: Please send me FREE OF CHARGE your books as described above.

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In the auto, tractor and electrical business George W. Smith, of West Alexandria, O., did it—in 8 weeks. Read this: “‘Dear Mac: Tamclearing morethan $800 a month. I'll tell the world McSweeny training put me over.” Signed— George W. Smith, Get my AMAZING J. H. McSweeny, World's large operator of Auto, Tractor and Electrical Training Shops——Cincinnati, Chicago, Cleveland. LL PAY YOUR RAIL- ROAD FARE TO CIN- CINNATI, CLEVELAND OR CHICAGO, and YOUR BOARD FOR 8 WEEKS BIG FIRMS NEED TRAINED MEN I get calls daily from successful concerns for McSweeny trained men. They know McSweeny men are shop-trained, experts on autos, tractors and motors. That’s why McSweeny men are in demand. My Here’s the big secret—scientific Training tool-training. I Unusual train you with tools, not text books, on modern equipment and in wonderful shops. HOME TRAINING ALSO—in- cluded in my special offer. Write at once for my remarkable short time tuition offer. McSWEENY Auto, Tractor and Electrical TRAINING SHOPS Sth & Walnut Cincinnati, O. 516 So. Laflin 1815 E. 24th St. Chicago, Ill. Cleveland, O. | SEND F ( t i 1g t i ; t i i t " i t l i " : BIG SHOPS CINCINNATI CLEVELAND-CHICAGO

What a Cleaner Has Learned about Your Clothes (Continued from page 24) electric machinery, you have much to do with fluids for storage batteries, fluxing materials for soldering, and various metal polishes. And if you are a plumb- er, guard your clothes against mineral acids and soldering solvents. Ou spotters, in tackling stains, are more cautious in their procedure than the average man or woman who tries to remove spots at home. When we cannot identify a spot, we follow a standard procedure for unknown stains. This is to avoid “‘setting’”’ the spot beyond remedy. We use in the order given: Dry solvents, wet solvents, semi-dry sol- vents, reducing agents, and oxidizing agents. Even then, special problems frequently occur. For example, we were swamped one day recently with 3000 men’s shirts, sent by a shirt concern. Every one of these had been accidentally stained with dark varnish during building altera- tions. They were of various fabrics and colors. To insure a process that could safely be used, we sent samples of the shirts to our expert chemist, who made exhaustive tests. These tests showed that a method that proved successful with the silk shirts changed the color of the cotton shirts. In the end, we had to adopt three entirely different processes—for the white shirts, for the colored silk and for the colored cotton shirts. New facts are constantly being learned in the science of removing stains, as in every other line of work, and new for- mulas for spotting solvents evolved. Gly- cerine, for example, formerly was used far more extensively than it is now, and ammonia was for many years looked upon by the earlier dry-cleaners as a cure-all. poet as a physician hesitates to order his patients to take care of their own small ills, so I would hesitate to suggest that people try to remove spots and stains from their clothing themselves. Yet there are a few methods for removing common stains that I think every one should know. They are: Fatty grease stains: On wash goods use warm water and soap; but on delicate fabrics use carbon tetrachloride, which may be bought in any drug store under various trade names. On fabric likely to be injured by water, use absorbents, such as blotting paper, fuller’s earth, French chalk. Paint: Try to remove paint stains only when they are fresh. If the material is washable, plain soap and water will remove them. Otherwise, sponge the fabric with pure turpentine. If paint is hardened, send to the dry-cleaner. Axle grease, mineral oils, pitch: First rub with vaseline, then apply carbon tetrachloride. Tobacco: Apply warm glycerine when the fabric is colored; hot dilute alcohol to white fabrics (but not to artificial silks). (Continued on page 143)

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January, 1926 Here are Some Big of the Records After epending fourteen years as conduc- J and never we os t pated there ent ou' - Iga er’ ware wont | chances in the selling field; real estate. The first mont! someth O made $700 and last meath 1 averaged better than $67a eed Open ore, 8. N, WILLIAMS, Kentucky. With or without previous experience, icy may an unus success- ‘al salesman, Men who eent for this book from one tosix months ago have doubled their earnings, If you are seeking advancement or greater ri) ty, get full particulars of the The coupon will bring it to Fm pF ny uable books" Making of an Unusual and ‘Ten Years’ Promotion in One,”’ all without obligation. If a successful career is worth two cents and two minutes of your time, clip and mail ae). 4. [ASALLE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY The World’s Largest Business Training Institution UElsat lime bent gor sglar-doub meet oes tal ele kebeeeas tad cnetednemne bend elso copy of ‘“Ten Years’ Promotion in One,”’ all without obligation. OModera Salesmanship Business Management [Modern Business Corre- Ovigher Accountancy Pca F. - hip OTraffic Management and Production Methods ORailway Station OPersonnel and Employ- anagement ment Management OLaw, Degree of LL. B. OExpert OCommercial Law mn English Olndustriat it Efficiency“ (iBtfective Speaking Banking and Finance Oc. P. A. Coaching Name Present Position Wrestling Boo AbZSrS Frank Gotch and Farmer Burns MANA cer scxeesereeer ens Sail tea poloonne it pashan cae ease ae FOR HEALT: 1781. Ramge Bldg., Omaha Nebr. ‘mer Barns School of | hat Could You Do with $50—? Nee the Cash Prize Offer on rage 4, Making What a Cleaner Has Learned about Your Clothes (Continued from page 142) - Coffee: Use soap and water (not hoi); then, if necessary, potassium perman- ganate. Mud: Let dry and brush thoroughly. Sponge with alcohol (but not if artificial silk). Water spots: Dampen the entire gar- ment, and press while still damp. : Since people took to soft drinks, and to staying home evenings for radio concerts, and to going away for week-end auto trips, we've had to cope with stains that were un- known to our predecessors 50 years ago. A WHITE georgette wedding dress was brought to us by a young bride one day last winter. She had worn it two or three times, and wanted it cleaned, so that she could pack it safely away. The dress appeared slightly soiled, but otherwise spotless. However, when it came through the dry cleaning, we found a yellowish stain on one of the panels. Nothing would remove it. We finally sent the panel to our chemist for a report. Ginger ale or some other soft drink, spilled on the dress, and perhaps un- noticed at the time, was found to have been the original cause of the trouble. If the young woman had told us of this in the first place, we easily could have removed the ginger ale by water brush- ing. As it was, an entirely new panel had to be sewn into the dress. People did not chew gum a century ago, nor drink malted milk, condensed milk, or even pasteurized milk. They didn’t know the taste of ice cream. In- delible ink, road oil, perfumes, battery acid, lipstick and rouge—these, too, are leaving the fingerprints of twentieth century civilization on our clothing. The dry cleaner receives this by-product in the form of new stains, to the removal of which he must apply all the ingenuity and chemical knowledge at his command. DVANCES in the industry have given the dry cleaners an equipment consisting of machines to cleanse the gar- ments in the solvent (washers); machines to remove this solvent from the cleansed garments by centrifugal action (extrac- tors); and machines to dry and deodorize the garments (tumblers). . A recent revolutionary step in the industry was the introduction of the so- called “continuous flow’ system. This made an automatic “clarifier” an integral part of the cleansing process. The sol- vent now flows in a continuous passage from the washer to the clarifier and back to the washer—returning as a cleansed sol- vent. This has eliminated the laborious and repeated rinsings in fresh loads of solvent. An even more recent innovation is the introduction of a semi-nonflammable sol- vent, a heavy petroleum with an initial boiling point of from 280 to 300 degrees F. and an end point of from 400 to 420 degrees. If generally used, it is hoped that. this solvent will considerably de- crease the number of explosions and fires in dry-cleaning plants, and protect the lives of the operators. ull fifr ey) » LU i} fy ce ; alls e T | Thousands Enjoy Popularity’ Popularity can be yours. We start you by present- ing this handsome, full size, professional tenor ban- jo. We want to make one thousand new friends this month. We want to present one of these wonderful, delight- fal instruments as a gift to each of one thousand readers of this magazine—and here’s why. Before becoming a profes- sor and a lover of music, particularly the tenor anjo, our rofessor yearned and yearned for the possession of agenu- ine professional instrument, the same Find used by the big, successful professionals of the world, Now we want youto succeed. We want tohelp every music-lover that we can, at tain success, and this gift offeris made topave the way for you, and no previous musical knowledge is necessary. e have another surprise for you! Not only do we start you on the way to popularity, success and fame by supply- ing you with an instrument that you can compare to any used or Caplaged in your town, but under personal super- vision you will be given, by mail, the benefit of Profes- sor Harry Six’s twenty-two years’ experience as director of Glee and Instrumental clubs of New York University. We don’t just k that you will catch on. 2 ven to be the simplest devised by man--that is wh: claim y minutes. Put us to the test “ia ene Learn in 30 Minute With My Picture Method Arthur Brisbane, the highest paid journalist in the world, a said rat asingle picture is worth a thousand words.’”? He was right, for it stands to reason, when you take veur in- strument in hand along with the actual photographs of the professor in action as your guide, it is easy to imitate and do theright thing. But that is not all. ier We also furnish een hic as an additional | guide, phonographie records of the Reco Free professor playing the pieces you are sarning, ag Ae our thorough, printed and illustrated, easy-to- buy desk and nee thelettsrs and cloyrams from Far pcpiis pon etd Be convinced that wehave perfected the: oti ay A course to insure your mas’ S the tease beaten “ys, ‘pe 4 = enda e Lent Investigate offer today. Don’t put off until tomorrow because you — forget and miss this wonderful oppor- tunity. It might be the turning point in your career, pF | a le cent. Just drop aline--use coupon, or postal will telling you are interested in receiving full particulars about sional fond Lem for “> which is offered as or ge ans treme. , because there t j penn Kegecy | — eee 3 BOPOLAR Science. Minis dose not reservation now, this very minute. You wi te > in your ou soon join = our happy ae Aad enthusiastic, around for New York Academy of Music Studio 51, 100 Fifth Ave., New York Please rush al! free information relative to your Tenor Banjo Course, sarnple les~ son and reserve a gift tenor banjo for me. This obligates me in no way whatever. Name Address. City

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TRS EH HT SS a a eng a ae 7 Paes Proeeey — 144 2 Gaerne me . a wee LS WU Me 2k HIGH-SCHOOL COURSE IN TWO YEARS YOU ARE BADLY it you lack HANDICAPPED HighSchool training. You cannot attain business ¢* social prominence, You are barred from a successful business career, from the leading professions, from well- | paid civil service jobs, from teaching 7 and college entrance, In fact, em- ployers of practically all worth-while positions demand High School train- ing. You can’t hope to succeed in the face of this handicap. But you can remove it. Let the American School help you. FIT YOURSELF FOR A | BIG FUTURE This course, which has been prepared by some of America’s leading professors, will broaden your mind, and make you keen, alert and capable. It is com- plete, simplified and up-to-date. It covers all subjects given in a resident school and meets all requirements of a High School training. From the first lesson to the last you are care- fully examined and coached, USE SPARE TIMEONLY Most people édle away /jifty hours a week, Probably you do. Use only one-fifth of your wasted hours for study and you can remove your ‘present handicap within two years. _You will enjoy the lessons and the knowledge you will gain will well repay the time spent in study. Check and mail the coupon NOW for full particulars and Free Bulletin, American School Dept. H-175 ., Drexel Ave. and 38th $i., Chicago American School Dept. H-175 Drexel Ave. & 58th St., Chicago Send me fuil information on the subject checked and how you will help me win success, oosses Architect owl Building Contractor +-Aapomobiie Engineer wy esses. Machine Practice aman ~~ Antomob ile Repairman pene Ty tee lectrical E; ww" Bectric Light & Powit aie Denke. Gem ~owepbtettaton® ~_...Wireless Radio ennses Guidance eaeldadecided Name January, 1926 Address. What 10,000,000 People Like to Hear on the Radio (Continved from page 64) “Of course, there are freak letters coming in all the time,’ he continued with a smile. “If our chief announcer were not already married, he could have had a wide choice in wives from among the number of feminine listeners who have fallen in love with his voice and actually proposed marriage by mail, sight unseen! “Then there are the listeners who send in presents as a mark oftheir appreciation. Everything from a peck of extra large potatoes toa pair of fireman’s heavy, red suspenders elaborately embroidered!’’ Although talks and lectures do not seem to be rated very high on the scale of what the modern listener likes, this cer- tainly does not apply to such features as morning health exercises. ‘THE director of the largest morning gym class in the world, who gets enormous numbers of men and women out of bed at 6.45 every morning just to exercise according to his instructions over the radio, told me that in the last year he had received upward of 100,000 letters from radio listeners who stated that they were consistently following his course. It is estimated that not 10 per cent of radio listeners ever write to a broadcast station, so it is easy to make a pretty good guess as to the actual number of people who follow his course. And that they are greatly benefited is shown by letters such as this: You stated over the air this morn- ing that you would like to hear from your radio audience regarding loss of weight through doing the exercises you broadcast every morning. Iam very much pleased to be able to re- port progress in that direction. On March thirtieth last, I weighed 205 pounds and was getting one of those things that keeps a fellow from seeing his shoes. June fifth I weighed 193, July first, 191, August first, 189, and September fifteenth, 180. In other words, I lost 25 pounds in 5% months. Don’t you think this ual reduction is all right? I am now just about what I should weigh for my height and age. The public wants entertainment by ra- dio. They have received medical treatment by radio, and now they lose weight by radio. Recent Publications The Marvels of Modern Physics, by Joseph McCabe. Atoms, electrons, wire- less electricity, and other wonders of physics explained. Illustrated. G. P. 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Clip the coupon #1, send it in, . ‘and Electrical Engineering HERE is the test electrical news in_ year: Greer ie. fege or a limited time i. mer tis con om. plete electrical course at a price tha ive young ellows the chance they need—the chance to get the right start in this great, fast gro profession—practical electricity. at the price of a corr lence course. think what that means to you! ‘ou can now fit yourself for a big job with a big future and the training will take you only 12 short weeks. Wonderful Future in ELECTRICITY You are standing right on the threshold of a great electrical age. Here is the chance of your life- thats to get in on the round floor. Men who now are in great demand, and the need is growing into the game now while the field is uncrowded— while advancement is fast XN a and sure. Learn to super- r vise other men’s work, or to go into business for youmel. Now is the time. The Practical Way to Start in the Electrical Business The Greer electrical course offers the ee. sensible way to break into this wonderful In- struction is in charge of former leading instructor the . Veterans’ Bureau ical School on Karlov Ave., Chicago. You learn by the job-sheet system, which was found so effective when the veterans’ school was in operation. No time is spent in useless theories. Actual electrical problems are assigned from the first day. The course is made so interesting and practical that you will enjoy every minute. Equipment— Finest Money Can Buy No expense has been spared to make our pio ment absolutely ea and up-to-date. We over thirty kinds o' motors aot toys—but ~at working motors. We operate a high line in our shore, carrying 2300 volts, a step up of 10 to 1.. We ha an alternating current generator, something caiaeusl in training shops. Our equipment and our methods make this the ideal place to learn the practical, money-making end of electricity. Now Is the Time This winter is the ideal time to get. your training. In 12 weeks you will be ready to start on a worthwhile job with a future. You will be just in time for the ring rush, when there will be more need for .prac- tical 1 electricians than ever before. I you want to, you can start a small shop of your own. There are thou- sands of wonderful opportunities for men who really know the business. Free Employment ertibene Our employment departmen’ help you get started in the right Sie as.soon as you finish training. If you need to earn money bivem featnting ae will arrange .a part-time ba to. suit men who cannot. at time. Don’t Delay a Minute Send in this coupon and by return mail Fon wil t our big free book and Bie offer. made for a and Greer College—Automotive Erwin Greer, President, Greer Coll tive Electrical Engineer- ing, Dept. 102, Sane S. Wabash Ave., Chicago. lease porting ju FREE BOOK and offer for insite oo a tt is nilerstnod that I am not obligated in aay way. Jar fc ect J eo Sct res oc oo Oe eS QF" oO wm ok eee Se - ot Oo om me pet 4, oO ~~ F900 st CO Cull a ~ arn FR ret ok ~*~ eteie Mee ee Je tale eet

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January, 1926 How to Paint Your Car (Continued from page 66) for—one priming coat, then two coats of paint and a finishing coat of varnish. The. first three coats have to be rubbed down with pumice stone or fine sandpaper and the car gone over with a tack rag. If I tried to do a real high class ‘coach job’ with many thin coats, we’d be snowed under with the spring repair work before I could get it finished. - Besides, I’d get tired of leaving the car here while I walked home every day.” — ‘Ta bookkeeping end of the business at the Model Garage, which Joe took care of, being light just then, Joe had considerable time to spare. He pitched in to help Gus with the sandpapering and dusting. “Just see how easy it is to get the paint nice and smooth with this brush,” Gus pointed out, when they had smoothed down the priming coat, and he began to apply the second coat. “That’s because you are using good paint,’”’ said Joe. “Sure it’s good paint! Didn’t I mix it myself? But if you’ll take a good look at this paint brush you'll see why the paint flows so smoothly. That’s no 39-cent bargain sale brush made out of pig’s whiskers stuck in the handle with glue. No, sir! It’s pure badger hair set in rubber, and I’d hate to tell you how much money I parted with to acquire it,’’ Gus stated with the enthusiastic pride of a good workman in a fine tool. ‘So the brush makes a lot of difference, does it?”” Joe asked with interest. ‘““Why, I thought that anything with bristles in it would do. I’d have-used a cheap brush that I could afford to throw away after I’d finished and save myself the trouble of cleaning it.” “*TSHERE’S where you’re all wrong,” said Gus with emphasis. ‘‘Cheap brushes may be all right to use on a cowshed, but you can’t do a really fine job with ’em. . They simply will not flow the paint-on smoothly, and you spend half your time picking off the bristles that keep.coming out of the brush.” By the end of the week, the first three coats had been put on. Gus made sure that each coat was thoroughly dry before he applied the next one. Of course, each coat was sandpapered lightly and Gus and Joe spent a lot of time on the dusting. “Now comes the hardest job of all,” Gus announced the morning after they had finished sanding and dusting off the third: coat of paint. “Today I’m going to flow on the finish varnish coat, and I’m going to have it absolutely smooth and glasslike all over or bust a leg trying! “Get the oil stoves going, Joe, while I wet down the floor and walls so that walking around won’t raise any dust. Then when the temperature is up to 70 degrees you can go outside and see that. nobody races a motor in the garage or does anything else that would be likely to kick up a lot of dust or.jar any: down from the. ceiling.” . . _. (Continued on-page 146) es ne 2 Why anise in the \ Old Fashioned Way —When It’s So Easy to Be Up-to-Date? oy . “* Mov Want to be truly popular? Want to be in- 1° vited everywhere? Want to enjoy parties Murray and get real joy out of dancing? Here’s how! Learn to dance the new peppy way and see how you begin to be in demand as a partner! No one enjoys dancing with a “walk around’ who thinks he’s getting by because he knows a few old-fashioned steps. You simply can’t dance that way to the new ball- g room music. You must know the latest é steps, the joyous modern steps that every- one is doing! Those lumbering dances they used to do before jazz laughed its way into the ballroom—those , Send for this FREE book ' awkward, old-fashioned steps—get rid of them. —TODAY! x Learn to dance the new way and see what a dif- This free book d . ference it makes. Not. only will you be more gocher st escribes Mr, Mur- ray’s unique method of teaching in detail, and also includes a special test lesson from his famous course FREE. Just send the coupon (with 10c to’ cover cost of printing and mailing) and this interesting book with the free lesson will be for- warded at once. No, don’t wait—you may forget —clip and mail this coupon NOW. ARTHUR MURRAY Studio 580, 7 East 43rd Street, New York City. Arthur Murray, Studio 580 7 E. 43rd St., N. Y. Cy popular, not only will you be a favorite partner, not only will the girls like to dance with you, but— You yourself will get more joy out of dancing! No longer will dancing be a ballroom duty, but a pleasure. At the end of a dance you won’t feel tired, but exhilarated. You can dance all night the new way, and enjoy each dance more than the one before. It’s great. Arthur Murray’s Famous At-Home Method Of course you want to dance the new way! Why don’t you let Arthur Murray teach you—his. fasci- nating, quick, at-home way—without partner, with- out music, in the privacy of your home? You'll get real pleasure out of it. Quicker than you'd imagine possible, you'll learn how to do all the modern jazz Please send me your 32-page book and Special Test Lesson. I enclose 10c to cover postage, printing and mailing steps that make a dancer popular. r MRIS Ts 5 cs. nate oee ceedaChtieeanbanel To prove it Mr. Murray is willing to send his new illustrated book, ‘‘The Short Cut to Popularity,” to BAGONG. « «5 vane Dith-« «Miele ECE Ie anyone who requests it. Cer SS TES Madlib iss. ae ceaek YOU CAN BUILD THIS IDEAL —3, WORK-BENCH— YOURSELF Tue pleasure of working with tools at home is greatly increased if you have a strong substan- tial bench with a good vise. One that also has drawers and tool cabinets is a constant incentive ~ to keep tools in order and give them the care and attention they deserve. A blueprint of the Home Workbench illus- trated, with full size details and bill of materials may be obtained by sending 25 cents to — - .POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 250 FOURTH AVENUE NEW YORK

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Detopars ey Maki rae, Howtolnvent Edison Says Invention is a Science and should be taught as a profession One Idea May Win You a Fortune Thousands of inventions are needed today. Just one little idea can bring you fortune and fame. _ The world is waiting for new inventions in engineering, chemistry, household articles, radio, and other fields—and will pay big money for even the simplest idea. Little things like the tin bottle cap, the crimped hair-pin, the rubber on the end of a_ pencil brought their inventors hundreds of thousands of dollars. Couldn’t you make some equallysimpleinvention. Haven’t you ideas that could be turned into money. Inventing isn’t a matter of blind luck— itisn’ta question of guess- work. Invention is based on certain principles, just as any other profession. It follows a definite course of procedure step by step from the origination of the first idea to its final development on a commercial scale. Learn at Home in Spare Time Hitherto, every inventor had to work out these principles of invention for himself. For every successful inventor knows and uses these principles. He knows WHAT TO INVENT and HOW TO INVENT. But now you can learn in a few months what it took great inventors years of discourage- ment and terrific struggle to acquire. Fifteen famous inventors have now revealed, for the first time, the secrets of invention. They explain how to originate ideas, how to develop and perfect your ideas, how to patent your inventions, and how to sell them to your best advantage. In short, they make it amazingly easy for you to become an inventor, simply by learning the whole wonderful science of invention, step by step, from beginning to end. It requires just fascinating moments of your spare time at home. First Course of Its Kind This is the first course in practical Invention that has ever been devised. Now you can take Edison’s advise and actually learn HOW TO INVENT— how to make Invention a profession! In simple, easy-to-understand language, you are told how successful inventors work; you learn how to use the secrets of invention that convert a simple little idea New Book on FRE Inventive Science A wonderful new book has just come from the press that tells all about the Science of Invention; that shows how — inventors work, how little ideas have made fortunes; ow you, too, can y learn the secrets of successful invention. This fascinating Book will be sent free to all those who are genuinely interested. Send for this Book today, as only a limited number are available for free distribution. Write your name and address on the coupon below, or gend a post card NOW! There is no cost or obligation. BUREAU OF INVENTIVE SCIENCE Dept. 21, Wisner Building, Rochester, N. Y. Bureau of Inventive Science, Dept. 21 Wisner Building, Rochester, ¥. Please send me your free book, ‘‘The Science of Invention.” How to Paint Your Car (Continued from page 145) . “Why be so fussy?” said Joe. “What little dust you might get on the car by walking around won’t hurt the varnish any.” “Don’t you believe it,’”’ Gus stated decidedly. ‘“That’s why most amateur jobs look so punk. The least bit of dust on the varnish, and the bird who did the job has to tell all his friends that it looks fine if you stand 20 feet away! “Just to be sure, I'm going to strain this varnish through a piece of that cotton cloth. Then, if there are any lumps or particles of grit in it, they won’t have a chance to show up like warts on the finished surface.” Joe followed Gus’s instructions so literally that he made two customers shut off their motors at the door and pushed the cars inside by hand. The next morning Gus, with a great deal of pride, invited Joe in to see the result of his handiwork. HERE!” he said. ‘“‘That’s pretty durn near as good a job as any professional auto painter could turn out.” “Sure looks swell,” admitted Joe admiringly, as his eyes traveled over the smooth shining surface—no trace of dust or a brush mark anywhere. “We ought to go into the auto painting business if you can do as good a job as that,” he suggested. “By the way, I was looking over my flivver last night, and as far as I can see, the paint is perfectly good, only it’s kind of dull. Could I freshen it up if I put a coat of finishing varnish on it?” : “Tf the paint isn’t cracked or checked you can do a good job that way,” replied Gus. “These quick drying auto enamels are pretty good for such a job, but you must be just as careful about dust as if you were trying to apply coach varnish. That’s what most of the enamels are, anyway—high grade varnish with color added. Only be sure that you buy the best grade you can get; some of the cheap grades show white when the car gets rained on and they begin to look shabby before a month has gone by. “Don’t forget the heat, either. There was a fellow I know who put on a coat of one of these one-day-drying auto enamels in a cold garage in the middle of winter. It took nearly a week to dry and meanwhile dust blew in through the cracks in the door. That job looked like it had been done in a concrete factory. “And as for going into the painting business—nothing doing! I’d rather pull down three transmissions and four rear ends than do one paint job. I’m an auto mechanic—not a painter. “This bus is finished now,” he declared, as he started in to clean up his brushes. “We'll let it sit there for a couple of days and then I’m going to shower it down with cold water to set the surface of the varnish. Then I’ll wipe it off with a piece of chamois skin and after that I’ll roll down Main Street thinking I’m fooling everybody into believing that I have a new car!” emeaewess MAIL THIS COUPONec@e2ee==: Opportunities FOURTEEN MEN WANTED u wish to share in this opport gid your wishbo bone ooty: not ——- wet song with your back- alize the absolute necessity education, then write me / and value for! full information. Chief Engineer Duntap, Apt. E17*4. $50 E. 58th St., Chicago Please send me complete information about the sow Hea prepare me for an Electrical Expert's Name. .ccccccccccccerccececccccccscccccscces DBAS. vc ccevoveccsesveccccvdccsivoveccsouse SROSSCOSHOSHSSHSESOSOS EH AOESESSOSSCHESOESETVESS Your Choice Sn "ROL own any one of thi its one absolutely free. . re: few cents a your only ae anaes trial. 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January, 1926 Ve aon akan

| Is Your Memory Really Bad? (Continued from page 27)

who have remarkable memories for sport statistics. They can tell you football scores and baseball batting averages with- out end. They don’t learn these facts to show off, but simply pick them up be- cause they are interested keenly in athletics. When I went to Amherst, the president of the college was famed for his memory. It was said that once he had met a student, he never forgot that student’s name, no matter how many years inter- vened. The secret was profound atten- tion. He made it a point to have a 15- or 20-minute interview with every fresh- man. I remember all the while I was in the office he was studying me closely. First he made sure to get my name cor- rectly. During the interview he used my name five or six times. As a result, at the end of the 15 minutes he had my name and had it linked to my personality.

O YOU find it hard to remember names? If you do, this repetition trick will help greatly. When some one introduces you to Mr. White, say, ‘‘Oh, yes, Mr. White. I’m glad to meet you, Mr. White. A relative of the Whites of Chicago? No? Mr. White, there, is a good friend of my father.” Punning on names helps, too; remem- bering names by their resemblance to the names of animals, familiar objects, and so on; but don’t try this with strangers right off the bat. If you can slip the name into a classification, that will help, too. Some names sound aristocratic. Other names indicate immediately a certain nationality. Recalling that it was a name of Irish origin would help in bring- ing back the name of O’Brien. The name may be that of a color, such as Green or Gray, or you may think of other possible groupings. Mechanical aids help in improving your memory in special lines. Make up little stories that link the facts together. .Thus, in a comparative word-memory test, such as is shown on page 26, you are given a list of words in pairs, then later given one of each pair and asked to recall the other. The easiest way to remember these is to establish a story connection. Suppose the words are ‘“‘dark’’ and ‘‘toe.” “The man stubbed his toe in the dark.” This little story serves to link the two words so that later you can recali them together. vee probably have not a few facts in your mental storehouse that ‘you recall by means of doggerel. You may, for example, remember the date of the discovery of America by using the old rhyme, “In fourteen hundred and ninety- two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.” And no doubt you remember the months “Thirty days hath September”’ jingle. Such mechanical aids are useful—pro- vided, of course, that: they are not so complicated as to make remembering the method more difficult than remembering the facts themselves would be. While on the subject, I recall a shorthand version of the “Thirty days hath September” (Continued on page 148) .

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POR a Ces BF poneeerersieatn ry hE NEED _ racy separ Be a Dental Laboratory Expert! Let McCarrie Train You! Don’t crowd into the old overcrowded trades. Be- fore you decide which line of work to go into—look into Dental Laboratory business. You'll find it’s aninteresting,easy, WELL- PAID Mechanical profes- sion—easily learned in a few months in my big schools at Chicago, Detroit and Cleveland. Many McCarrie Graduates Earn $65 to $125 a Week!. 70,000 busy Dentists MUST send their labora- tory jobs to Experts, specialists in the making of plates, crowns, bridges, etc. This business is grow- ing. The work is easy, interesting. In my big ‘ FREE book I tell you all about the wonderful opportunities waiting for trained Dental Laboratory men. - s s Rapid, Practical Training I have successfully trained men and women with only common schooling and no pre- vious experience. No text books, no classes in my schools. You learn here by doing actual Dental Laboratory jobs on standard tools which I sup- edina, doing all ply without extra charge. In- his work and mak- dividual,. personal instruction ing good. My earn- only. ings are four times H. A. McCarrie, Director, McCarrie Schools of Mechan- ical Denistry, Chicago. Detroit and Cleveland. RAR — **Earnings four times larger.”’ “TI am still with Dr. M pd oe arene x j help you e ° Thank you fores. get a good job! sisting me to this position.”’ J. CARRILES, We maintain an efficient Employment Service for the benefit of students who wish to Open a “work their Laboratory way thru” and gradu- ates. No charge for this service. of your own Very little capitalisneeded to go into busi- ness when you have McCarrie training. My instruction includes train- ing in Labor- atory methods and manage- ment, pridge R, R, FARE to Chicago, Detroit or Cleveland to every student who enrolls. Actually lon avis— FREE, because have tory oF G aduates not raised the price Labor og iny sr of tuition a penny since announcing this offer. For a limited time also, I am supplying every student with a complete outfit of new tools and materials. Tuition within reach of the untrained fellow who wants to get ahead. Easy terms, Mail COUPON for FREE CATALOG and special offers. **Course intense- ye practical.”’ Any man who wants H. A. McCarrie, Director poe ay Fam thee McCarrie Schools of Mee ¥ Fy — ee gee see the stadent do actual ichigan Ave. ept. dd Chicago, Il. Ee ec, 7 H. A. McCarrie, Director McCarrie Schools of Mechanical Dentistry 1338 S. Michigan Ave., Dept. 1402A, Chicago I want to know more about the Dental nyetee etd business, your schools and training. Also send m your special offers mentioned in POPULAR SCIENCE (without cost or obligation.) (OH oy MoM avo ayaa Is Your Memory Really Bad? (Continued from page 147) sequence. It is the single word “apjun- seno,” made up, as you ean see, by com- bining the first letters of the names of each of the 30-day months in the order of their occurrence.: I know some persons who remember telephone numbers by making words of them. Each digit has a corresponding consonant. Between the consonants they fit vowels and make a word that is linked to the person’s name. For instance, Mr. Brown’s telephone number is 5179. Sup- pose the consonants corresponding were g,b,l,andn. Think of the word goblin. A brown goblin—there you have it. A GOOD way of compiling the code that corresponds to the 10 digits is by selecting letters that resemble in some particular the numbers for which they stand. Thus / might equal one; n (two upright lines like the Roman numeral) two; m (three lines) three; r (last letter of name of number) four; » (Roman numeral) five; p (resembles the number inverted) six; ¢ (capital resembles the number) seven; sh (arbitrary choice) eight; g (written, resembles the number) nine; and z (first letter of name) zero. Such a code has the additional ad- vantage that the sounds are not repeated, and consequently any word formed from the letters will stand for one set of num- bers and one only. By this system the number 1002 would become 1-z-z-n, sug- gesting the word “lesson”; the number 8640, sh-p-r-z, suggesting “shippers.” One man who makes many public speeches locates each successive “point’’ of his speech in a corner of the hall or in a room of his own house. Then when he has finished one point he looks in the next room and this instantly recalls the next point of his speech. Last year there was a young Lithuanian at Columbia University who astonished every one with a remarkable memory demonstration. He could state correctly from memory the logarithms for figures from one to 100, and could call off any of 300 numbers previously arranged in a list, when only their location in the list was indicated. It was understood that the young man had prepared for his ex- hibitions by memorizing the list. Even so, it was an impressive stunt. HE EXPLAINED that he did it by associating the numbers with various colors of the spectrum and that his powers were exclusively visual. He merely trans- lated colors that he saw back into numbers. Supposing you have carefully organized the material that has gone into your brain. Your*background of information, your ability to think of things in large units, your interest, attention, and repeti- tion have helped to make vivid impres- sions. You have a healthy brain, so you let the process of retaining facts take care of itself. The only thing that remains is: recalling the facts stored away. This, too, will take care of itself if you will remove all distracting elements, the chief of which is emotional disturbance— fear that you will forget. I shall never (Continued on page 149) 3 January, 1926 —Wake Money Right Away! ‘You can now begin at bomne te sare your way to B ay in automotive work, with National's Me te Fv “*Movie-graph’’ | Ras can start im- mediately toward inde ma this fascinating indus- Ho AB papers mony ce National’ 5 hes Pbuatecae are earning $100 more an oe are the same as Actual Tela at Home! dar’ lope at en National st eats for 21 years in our big $1,000, ae they have been put on paper—on ‘‘Movie- —in such a clear, simple way t you can instan y ae them at home. No need to it till you've saved up ‘money to attend for these lessons, then earn your money while ‘you learn. We show you how. Over a million cars in Californial Motoring every day in the year! Truly = automotive man’s paradise! 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January, 1926 Is Your Memory Really Bad? (Continued from page 148) forget the appalling sensation I once ex- perienced on the platform i in high school as I waited my turn to give a’speech. I was sure I should forget. I did not forget, but the task would have been twice as easy if I had had confidence. If you can’t remember something at first, drop the whole matter and come back to it later. It means that certain connections are established in your brain over the wrong paths. If you back off and rest a while, the wrong track will fade out. Trust your memory and go right ahead. If the connections are established prop- erly, they will function with ease. Memery tests concocted in psycholo- gists’ laboratories have practical use right here. In themselves they do not improve memory, but they do develop self confi- dence. Try them on yourself. They will show you that there is nothing the matter with your memory. Your prob- lem is to become a better manager. The Picture os al Vo ® ry O) — OF 9UOCRY TbHAOONMGDaOOD OY DabV YOU “6 bVO@XKN OAV OTOY Pr ODA MONG these 50 forms are hidden the 25 forms shown at the top of page 26. Check as many of the 25 as you can re- member. Score one point for each that you remember correctly, and deduct one for each that you mark wrong. 9 The Word Test PPOSITE. each of these 10 words write from memory the word with which it is paired on page 26. See how many you can recall: Prefer. .... | Ce ee ee ey eo ee ee ew ee ew eee eh ho ee ee ee ee ee ANSI HowNew Method Makes Cartoonin Aatenishingty Easy to Loam P=. Cartoonists earn from $50 to over $250 a week! don’t you make big money in cartooning when new method makes it so easy to learn—at home in spare time? HOUSANDS who never dreamed they \ could make cartoons, can now A" \ CAA earn big money in this fascinating field. Right at home in your spare time, you can now easily learn to make all kinds of cartoons—comic, sport, political, human interest and animated. You can now earn some of the big money paid for cartoons of every description. And cartooning does pay enormous money. Briggs, Bud Fisher, Fontaine Fox, George Mc- Manus, Sid Smith and all the other head-liners earn more than the President. A single cartoon idea can easily mean a splendid life-salary for you. What | Students | - Say: ~I am now working f. self and find fin all e have my own oe The World’s Easiest, Pleas- | tinting Sara field. out into 6 a | good antest and Best Paying Profession Howcould eg beearned more pleasantly? A few hours a day at work that is as enjoyable as play—and there is al- most no limit to the moneythatcan beearned! Never before have the opportunities in cartoon- ing been so many or so varied. Never has there been [ I wish to take this o to have been doing of commercial in Pe Soe referring me to this maga- , F. M.—Mempuis, TENN $125 a Month Spare Time recommend your school, | wor: — on the ee of $125 cue W. P.—Cuartorre, N.C. Why rn~ t: eat deal Graduates of this school are to such a splendid chance to earn big money for cartoons. And regard- less of what you are doing at present or how poorly you draw now, you can easily and quickly learn to make cartoons thru this new easy method. New Easy Way to Learn Cartooning It’s fun learning to make cartoons this new way. Jt’s just like a game. You learn at home, yet it is just as if an in- structor stood at your elbow. You don’t need to know a thing about cartooning. You start with straight lines and curves. Then you learn the little secrets of orig- inating cartoon ideas, the methods of ex- aggeration, of action and expression—all the little tricks that make cartooning amazingly easy to those who know them. And soon you are making real cartoons. Many of our students had cartoons pub- lished before they were half thru their courses. When learning to make cartoons is so easy, why shouldn’t you too make big money and enjoy the fun of cartooning. be found in every section of the country. Read in the panel what they are doing and what they say about this training. Mail Coupon for Free Book Learn more about the wonderful opportuni- ties for making money in Cartooning and how this new method makes it easy for you to learn. Read about our students, how they make money while learning, and big salaries after they graduate. Our handsomely illustrated booklet is crammed full of interesting facts on Cartooning and describes in detail this remarkable method of teaching Cartooning. It will be sent to you with- out obligation. Mail the coupon for this bookle® now. Washington School of Cartooning, Room 241-D, 1113 15th St., N.W., Washington, D.C. WASHINGTON SCHOOL ag 4 CARTOONING, Room 241-D, 1113-15th St., “A Washington, D.:C. 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DAKop aKary THE DANGER OF NERVE EXHAUSTION Your Nerves can make or break you! K Bete: is but one malady more terrible than Nerve Exhaustion and that is its kin, Insanity. Only those who have passed through a siege of Nerve Exhaustion can understand the true meaning of this state- ment. The victim passes through the most soul-racking tortures; he is in the grip of every conceivable fear. Nerve Exhaustion is the result of living under conditions of nerve strain. In men it can generally be traced to the strain of business worries and responsibilities, and, more frequently, to excesses; in women, to over-active emotions—particularly in mat- ters of love and marital troubles. Indeed, we are ALL living under severe merve strain. We go about the business of bread-winning with a mad _ intensity, and, in the same way, we go about our pleasures. This is an age of nerve strain and no one is strong enough to be immune to its devastating effects.

PAUL von BOECKMANN Author of ‘“‘Nerve Force,”” and various other books on Healih, Psychology, Breathing, Hygiene and kindred subjects. . Nerve Exhaustion does not come sud- denly. It creeps in like a thief in the night and you do not know it is there till you are actually in its clutches. When the first symptoms of this malady are upon you, you pay little attention. It is not considered unusual to experience fatigue, lassitude, headaches, nervousness and other symptoms. Yet, surely, they will not stop there. Other stages of Nerve Exhaustion will follow: sleeplessness, irritability, poor assimilation and digestion, constipation, irregular heart, etc. If you have good nerves, keep them so by learn- ing how others wreckthem. If your nerves are de- ranged, build them up. Do not wait until the final stages have developed and you are told by your doctor to take a “lon vacation” or confined to your bed for months o! “rest” with drug stimulants and sedatives to keep youfrom “jumping out of your skin."’ The time to act is when you are advised that “there is nothing the matter with you'’—except nerves—and yet tae THERE 18S SOMETHING THE Nerve Trouble or no nerve trouble, you should have a knowledge of the functioning of your Nervous System. Read “Nerve Force,” a 64-page book on the care of the nerves. This book is a startling revelation to people with sensitive or deranged nerves. It has aided many thousands to gain control of their nerves and build up their Nerve Force, Price, 25¢ post paid Coin or stampa.) \didireesn PAUL. VON BOECKMANN 110 Weat 40th Street, Studio 161, New York City

Here Are Correct Answers to Questions on Page 41 1. During the first six months. The increase in height is usually about five per cent a month. In weight it is about 20 per cent a month. ; 2. They contain an oily chemical that evaporates, very irritating to the delicate membrane of theeye. The watering is an attempt of the eye to wash away the irritation. 3. Precious stones are merely crystal- lized minerals. They areformedin rocks by slow crystallization of the proper mineral. 4. When the gun is fired, the powder turns into gas. The gas takes up muc more room than the powder did and that is what drives the bullet out of the gun. When the bullet leaves the gun, the gas behind it ges = suddenly and sets up a — wave. This is what we hear as the ang. 5. A broadcasting station does not send out merely a wave corresponding exactly to the sounds that it intends to broadcast. Instead, the fundamental thing that the broadcasting station sends out is a radio wave of uniform frequency, this frequency being the specified one for that station. This fundamental wave is called the ‘carrier wave.’ The sound message is superposed on it. 6. The water inside the living cells freezes and this bursts the cells so that they die. 7. It is made of nitroglycerine mixed with some absorbent material, as clay or sawdust. The atoms of nitroglycerine are fastened together very loosely. On the slightest provocation they fly apart and the nitroglycerine explodes violently. The clay or sawdust divides up the nitro- glycerine so that it is not quite so violent. This makes it safer to handle. 8. When a cat is frightened or angry he ruffles up the hair of his body and tail in order that he may appear to be more dangerous. The cat does this by a chemical discharged by his adrenal glands. 9. Strictly speaking, there is. not; though at the center of the earth things would weigh very little. Weight is due to the attraction of gravity. At the center of the earth the attraction due to the matter of the earth would disappear, but there still would be some slight weight due to the attraction of gravity of the sun, the moon and the other heavenly bodies. 10. Because when it was formed the matter that gathered together was re- volving, probably because the attraction of the passing star started it off. The earth has simply kept on spinning as a top would spin if there were no friction of any kind to make it stop. 11. A scorpion, not very different from modern scorpions. In the Silurian period, four or five hundred ocean. nally learned to live ashore. 12. Very few take y equal ng wilh ab 'tre ge Te ecinay henever because we can see <

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146 Howtolnvent Edison Says Invention is a Science and should be taught as a profession One Idea May Win You a Fortune Thousands of inventions are needed today. Just one little idea can bring you fortune and fame. The world is waiting for new inventions in engineering, chemistry, household articles, radio, and other fields—and will pay big money for even the simplest idea. Little things like the tin bottle cap, the crimped hair-pin, the rubber on the end of a_ pencil brought their inventors hundreds of thousands of dollars. Couldn’t you make some equally simpleinvention. Haven’t you ideas that could be turned into money. Inventing isn’t a matter of blind luck— itisn’ta questionof guess- work. Invention is based on certain principles, just as any other profession. It follows a definite course of procedure step by step from the origination of the first idea to its final development on a commercial scale. Learn at Home in Spare Time Hitherto, every inventor had to work out these principles of invéntion for himself. For every successful inventor knows and uses these principles. He knows WHAT TO INVENT and HOW TO INVENT. But now you can learn in a few months what it took great inventors years of discourage- ment and terrific struggle to acquire. Fifteen famous inventors have now revealed, for the first time, the secrets of invention. They explain how to originate ideas, how to develop and pérfect your ideas, how to patent your inventions, and how to sell them to your best advantage. In short, they make it amazingly easy for you to become an inventor, simply by learning the whole wonderful science of invention, step by step, from beginning to end. It requires just fascinating moments of your spare time at home. First Course of Its Kind This is the first course in practical Invention that has ever been devised. Now you can take Edison’s advise and actually learn HOW TO INVENT— how to make Invention a profession! In simple, easy-to-understand language, you are told how successful inventors work; you learn how to use the secrets of invention that convert a simple little idea New Book on FRE Inventive Science A wonderful new book has just come from the press that tells all about the Science of Invention; that shows how eat inventors work, how little ideas have made fortunes; ow you, too, can easily learn the secrets of successful invention. This fascinating Book will be sent free to all those who are genuinely interested. Send for this Book today, as only a limited number are available for free distribution. Write your name and address on the coupon below, or send a post card NOW! There is no cost or obligation. BUREAU OF INVENTIVE SCIENCE Dept. 21, Wisner Building, Rochester, N. Y. Bureau of Inventive Science, Dept. 21 Wisner Building, Rochester, N. Y. Please send me your free book, ‘‘The Science of Invention.”’

How to Paint Your Car (Continued from page 145) “Why be so fussy?” said Joe. “What little dust you might get on the car by walking around won't hurt the varnish any.” “Don’t you believe it,” Gus stated | decidedly. ‘That's why most amateur jobs look so punk. The least bit of dust on the varnish, and the bird who did the job has to tell all his friends that it looks fine if you stand 20 feet away! “Just to be sure, Im going to strain this varnish through a piece of that cotton cloth. Then, if there are any lumps or particles of grit in it, they won’t have a chance to show up like warts on the finished surface.” Joe followed Gus’s instructions so literally that he made two customers shut off their motors at the door and pushed the cars inside by hand. The next morning Gus, with a great deal of pride, invited Joe in to see the result of his handiwork. “TAHERE!” he said. ‘“That’s pretty durn near as good a job as any professional auto painter could turn out.” “Sure looks swell,’”’ admitted Joe admiringly, as his eyes traveled over the smooth shining surface—no trace of dust or a brush mark anywhere. ‘‘We ought to go into the auto painting business if you can do as good a job as that,”’ he suggested. “By the way, I was looking over my flivver last night, and as far as I can see, the paint is perfectly good, only it’s kind of dull. Could I freshen it up if I put a coat of finishing varnish on it?” “If the paint isn’t cracked or checked you can do a good job that way,” replied Gus. “These quick drying auto enamels are pretty good for such a job, but you must be just as careful about dust as if you were trying to apply coach varnish. That’s what most of the enamels are, anyway—high grade varnish with color added. Only be sure that you buy the best grade you can get; some of the cheap grades show white when the car gets rained on and they begin to look shabby before a month has gone by. . “Don’t forget the heat, either. There was a fellow I know who put on a coat of one of these one-day-drying auto enamels in a cold garage in the middle of winter. It took nearly a week to dry and meanwhile dust blew in through the cracks in the door. That job looked like it had been done in a concrete factory. “And as for going into the painting business—nothing doing! I’d rather pull down three transmissions and four rear ends than do one paint job. . I’m an auto mechanic—not a painter. “This bus is finished now,” he declared, as he started in to clean up his brushes. ‘We'll let it sit there for a couple of days and then I’m going to shower it down with cold water to set the surface of the varnish. Then I’ll wipe it off with a piece of chamois skin and after that I’ll roll down Main Street thinking I’m fooling everybody into believing that I have a new car!”’

FOURTEEN MEN WANTED. Hand-Picked Fourteen men who like ELECTRICAL WORK will be given an unusual opportunity, Must be over 18 years of age. Must now be employed in some legitimate work. Must have had 7th grade schooling and be able to give at least two character references, Success to be Forced on Them The Electrical field has hardly been scratched and in view of the rapid changes now taking place and the new discoveries being made, a man must be thoroughly trained in fundamental Electrical prin- ciples if he expects to be anything more than a common laborer in the Electrical field. Can You Qualify? The fourteen men selected will be trained at home in actual work by the new practical job-method while still retaining their present positions. Their training will be planned to enable them to qualify for a good ition increased pay in the shortest possibl : time. If you wish to share in this opportunity—if your wishbone has n»t switched places with your back- bone, and if you DO realize the absolute necessity and value of a practical education, then write me immediately for full information. tonnes MAIL THIS COUPONs==<2=22- Chief Engineer Duntap, Apt. E1754. 850 E. 58th St., Chicago Please send me complete information about the offer to prepare me for an Electrical Expert's position. Names ccccccccevcccccccccccccccccecesecccece AdGreSS. 2c cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccceces

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ty acl

January, 1926

— — ee Is Your Memory Really Bad? (Continued from page 27) who have remarkable memories for sport statistics. They can tell you football scores and baseball batting averages with- out end. They don’t learn these facts to show off, but simply pick them up be- cause they are interested keenly in athletics. When I went to Amherst, the president of the college was famed for his memory. It was said that once he had met a student, he never forgot that student’s name, no matter how many years inter- vened. The secret was profound atten- tion. He made it a point to have a 15- or 20-minute interview with every fresh- man. I remember all the while I was in the office he was studying me closely. First he made sure to get my name cor- rectly. During the interview he used my name five or six times. Asa result, at the end of the 15 minutes he had my name and had it linked to my personality. O. YOU find it hard to remember names? If you do, this repetition trick will help greatly. When some one introduces you to Mr. White, say, ‘‘Oh, yes, Mr. White. I’m glad to meet you, Mr. White. A relative of the Whites of Chicago? No? Mr. White, there, is a good friend of my father.” Punning on names helps, too; remem- bering names by their resemblance to the names of animals, familiar objects, and so on; but don’t try this with strangers right off the bat. If you ean slip the name into a classification, that will help, too. Some names sound aristocratic. Other names indicate immediately a certain nationality. Recalling that it was a name of Irish origin would help in bring- ing back the name of O’Brien. The name may be that of a color, such as Green or Gray, or you may think of other possible groupings. Mechanical aids help in improving your memory in special lines. Make up little stories that link the facts together. Thus, in a comparative word-memory test, such as is shown on page 26, you are given a list of words in pairs, then later given one of each pair and asked to recall the other. The easiest way to remember these is to establish a story connection. Suppose the words are ‘‘dark” and “toe.” “The man stubbed his toe in the dark.” This little story serves to link the two words so that later you can recali them together. you probably have not a few facts in your mental storehouse that you recall by means of doggerel. You may, for example, remember the date of the discovery of America by using the old rhyme, ‘‘In fourteen hundred and ninety- two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.” And no doubt you remember the months that have 30 days by the familiar, “Thirty days hath September’’ jingle. Such mechanical aids are useful—pro- vided, of course, that they are not so complicated as to make remembering the method more difficult than remembering the facts themselves would be. While on the subject, I recall a shorthand version of the “Thirty days hath September” (Continued on page 148)

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Be a Dental Laboratory Expert! Let McCarrie Train You! Don’t crowd into the old overcrowded trades. Be- fore you decide which line of work to- go into—look into Dental Laboratory business. You'll find it’s aninteresting,easy, WELL- PAID Mechanical profes- sion—easily learned in a few months in my big schools at Chicago, Detroit and Cleveland. Many McCarrie Graduates Earn $65 to $125 a Week! H. A. McCarrie, Director, McCarrie Schools of Mechan- ical Denistry, Chicago. Detroit and Cleveland. 70,000 busy Dentists MUST send their labora- tory jobs to Experts, specialists in the making of plates, crowns, bridges, etc. ing. This business is grow- The work is easy, interesting. In my big FREE book I tell you all about- the wonderful opportunities waiting for trained Dental Laboratory men. Rapid, Practical Training I have successfully trained men and women with only common schooling and no pre- vious experience. No text books, no classes in my schools. You learn here by doing actual Dental Laboratory jobs on standard tools which I sup- **Earnings four times larger.’’ “I am still with Dr. ina, doing all ply without extra’charge. In- his work and mak- dividual, personal instruction o=s good : My carn- only. 7 ngs are tour times i larger than before I é help you entered school. Thank you for as- sisting me to this fine position.”’ J. CARRILES, get a good job! We maintain an efficient Employment Service for the benefit of students Open who wish to — “work their Laboratory way thru” and gradu- ates. No charge for this service. of your own Very little capitalisneeded to go into busi- ness when you have McCarrie training. My instruction includes train- ing in Labor- atory methods and manage- ment. R, R, FARE to Chicago, Detroit or Cleveland to every student who Sle rene foe eG n Davis— REE, because I have ry juates- not raised the price Laboranct a eres of tuition a penny since announcing this offer. For a limited time also, I am supplying every student with a complete outfit of new tools and materials. Tuition within reach of the untrained fellow who wants to get ahead. Easy terms. Mail COUPON for FREE CATALOG and special offers. . Bs peefeerie, Seseer cCarrie ools o e- chanical Dentistry, 1338 So. _ = tench br, making Michigan Ave., Dept. 1402A, work.” Chicago, Ill. **Course intense- ly — - n who wants to become a first class mechanical! dentist can do so at your schools. ‘E. SCHNEIDER, (Penn.} H. A. McCarrie, Director McCarrie Schools of Mechanical Dentistry 1338 S. Michigan Ave., Dept. 1402A, Chicago I want to know more about the ger! ay business, your schools and emier. * so your special offers mentioned in POP’ LAR SCfENCE (without cost or obligation.) Is Your Memory Really Bad? (Continued from page 147) sequence. It is the single word “apjun- seno,”’ made up, as you can see, by com- bining the first letters of the names of each of the 30-day months in the order of their occurrence. I know some persons who remember telephone numbers by making words of them. Each digit has a corresponding consonant. Between the consonants they fit vowels and make a word that is linked to the person’s name. For instance, Mr. Brown’s telephone number is 5179. Sup- pose the consonants corresponding were g,b,l,andn. Think of the word goblin. A brown goblin—there you have it. A GOOD way of compiling the code that corresponds to the 10 digits is by selecting letters that resemble in some particular the numbers for which they stand. Thus / might equal one; n (two upright lines like the Roman numeral) two; m (three lines) three; r (last letter of name of number) four; » (Roman numeral) five; p (resembles the number inverted) six; ¢ (capital resembles the number) seven; sh (arbitrary choice) eight; g (written, resembles the number) nine; and 2 (first letter of name) zero. Such a code has the additional ad- vantage that the sounds are not repeated, and consequently any word formed from the letters will stand for one set of num- bers and one only. By this system the number 1002 would become 1-z-z-n, sug- gesting the word “lesson”; the number 8640, sh-p-r-z, suggesting “shippers.” One man who makes many public speeches locates each successive “point’’ of his speech in a corner of the hall or in a room of his own house. Then when he has finished one point.he looks in the next room and this instantly recalls the next point of his speech. Last year there was a young Lithuanian at Columbia University who astonished every one with a remarkable memory demonstration. He could state correctly from memory the logarithms for figures from one to 100, and could call off any of 300 numbers previously arranged in a list, when only their location in the list was indicated. It was understood that the young man had prepared for his ex- hibitions by memorizing the list. Even so, it was an impressive stunt. HE EXPLAINED that he did it by associating the numbers with various colors of the spectrum and that his powers were exclusively visual. He merely trans- lated colors that he saw back into numbers. Supposing you have carefully organized the material that has gone into your brain. Your background of information, your ability to think of things in large units, your interest, attention, and repeti- tion have helped to make vivid impres- sions. You have a healthy brain, so you let the process of retaining facts take care of itself. The only thing that remains is recalling the facts stored away. This, too, will take care of itself if you will remove all distracting elements, the chief of which is emotional disturbance— fear that you will forget. I shall never (Continued on page 149) ’ for 21 years in our big $1,000 Repair autos at home and earn money. National’s ‘‘Movie- graph’’ method makes it easy. You can soon make enough to come to California and have choice of many fine jobs now open or go into business for yourself. Send Now for “Movie-graph” Lessons —Make Money Right Away! You can now begin at home to earn your way to Big Pay in automotive work, with National's remarkable “*Movie-graph’’ lessons before you. You can start im- mediately toward independence in this fascinating indus- try, where many of National's 16,000 graduates are earning $50 to $100 and more ae, " ese lessons are the same as prac- Actual Training at Home! tical work given National students plant. Now they have been put on paper—on ppl me —in such a clear, ed way that you can instantly master them at home. No need to wait till you’ve saved up money to attend school. Send for these lessons, then earn your money while you learn. We show you how. Over a million cars in California! Motoring every day in the year! Truly the automotive man's paradise! We furnish free employment service. Why wait longer? Never has success been so easy. Every day's delay puts you farther from your goal. Mail the coupon today! Special Offer!# A staincrraatas + National 1 Automotive LOS ANGELES ESTABLISHED 1905 Misinn AGGEc cael —_— oo ee cee ee ee ee eee eee National Automotive Schoo Dept. 656, _— South Vgneres St.,"Los Angeles, Calif. CHECK ON ee! enclose de for the first four ‘ of Actual Auto air S. 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January, 1926 Is Your Memory Really Bad? (Continued from page 148) forget the appalling sensation I once ex- perienced on the platform in high school as I waited my turn to give a speech. I was sure I should forget. I did not forget, but the task would have been twice as easy if I had had confidence. If you can’t remember something at first, drop the whole matter and come back to it later. It means that certain connections are established in your brain over the wrong paths. If you back off and rest a while, the wrong track will fade out. Trust your memory and go right ahead. If the connections are established prop- erly, they will function with ease. Memory tests concocted in psycholo- gists’ laboratories have practical use right here. In themselves they do not improve memory, but they do develop self confi- deiice. Try them on yourself. They will show you that there is nothing the matter with your memory. Your prob- lem is to become a better manager. The Picture Test \ a on Vv O7.90FCRNG EthACOMOSON aT V/ ~. CORN V OONSaVEXOY, ®, aay D Mk Laat V = Oo MONG these 50 forms are hidden the » 25 forms shown at the top of page 26. Check as many of the 25 as you can re- member. Score one point for each that you remember correctly, and deduct one for each that you mark wrong. The Word Test PPOSITE each of these 10 words _ Write from memory the word with which it is paired on page 26. See how many you can recall: Prefer Pe Pe ee OO 6: OB Oe Oe 6 e 08 eee & 28 ee 6 66 oe Ss Se be 66: So, 8 e EO oS ee 6.6 CSS 21S 4 6 OH SSS & 04S F.6 eS o. 2 6.4.6.6) 8 0 60 62 O09 & @ 6 @ @ 6 6.06 4% 2.2 6.4 + 26 8. 6: > & Od. 0 69,0 616, 6 Se Ole One Table o 2°66 © 6 6 e's @ 6 6 O's OFF Oe OSes OS he £16 6. Ae £ ho © 0-6-8 0 @ 0.) pe 2 CS Expensive Unfair Se + Se Deeb ee} © eee. OS OW Se Se & oS 6 9 6 6 0% 6 48 s+ 2 & S © OC Oe 44 B88 — i ‘\ How New Method Makes Cartoonin Astonishingly Easy to Learn! _— Cartoonists earn from $50 to over $250 a week! don’t you make big money in cartooning when new method makes it so easy to learn—at home in spare time? HOUSANDS who never dreamed they could make cartoons, can now earn big money in this fascinating field. Right at home in your spare time, you can now easily learn to make all kinds of cartoons—comic, sport, political, human interest and | animated. You can now earn some of \ the big money paid for cartoons of \ every description. And cartooning does pay enormous money. Briggs, Bud Fisher, . Fontaine Fox, George Mc- Manus, Sid Smith and all the What other head-liners earn more | Students than the President. A single } Say: cartoon idea can easily mean} (aPnaand aif a splendid life-salary for you. 41% The World’s Easiest, Pleas- | antest and Best Paying Profession and am_ gradually good fie Employment How could money be earned apes more pleasantly? A few hours a day at work that is as enjoyable as play—and there is al- most no limit to the moneythatcan beearned! Never before have the opportunities in cartoon- ing been so many or so varied. Never has there been I want to thank yo or the personal “fsa terest you have tak en in me while re- ceiving instruction from your school and zine. in spare time . Ww. A \ =a \ \ eek, 1 ave my own syndicate branching out int i Oa - P.—LAWRENCE, Mass. for referring me to this maga: F. M.—Mempuis, TENN $125 a Month Spare Time on the average of eta ea P.—CHARLOTTE, N. C. Why ) Graduates of this school are to such a splendid chance to earn big money for cartoons. And regard- less of what you are doing at present or how poorly you draw now, you can easily and quickly learn to make cartoons thru this new easy method. ‘ New Easy Way to Learn Cartooning It’s fun learning to make cartoons this new way. It’s just like a game. You learn at home, yet it is just as if an in- structor stood at your elbow. You don’t need to know a thing about cartooning. You start with straight lines and curves. Then you learn the little secrets of orig- inating cartoon ideas, the methods of ex- aggeration, of action and expression—all the little tricks that make cartooning amazingly easy to those who know them. And soon you are making real cartoons. Many of our students had cartoons pub- lished before they were half thru their courses. When learning to make cartoons is so easy, why shouldn’t you too make big money and enjoy the fun of cartooning. be found in every section of the country. Read in the panel what they are doing and what they say about this training. Mail Coupon for Free Book _ Learn more about the wonderful opportuni- ties for making money in Cartooning and how this new method makes it easy for you to learn. Read about our students, how they make money while learning, and big salaries after they graduate. Our handsomely illustrated booklet is crammed full of interesting facts on Cartooning and describes in detail this remarkable method of teaching Cartooning. _ It will be sent to you with- out obligation. Mail the coupon for this booklet now. Washington School of Cartooning, Room 241-D, 1113 15th St., N.W., Washington, D. C. et es me es es eed tart at sm EM Rome Ye et es ee nee WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF CARTOONING, Room 241-D, 1113-15th St., N. W Washington, D. C. Please_send me, without obligation, your Free Book- let on Cartooning and full details on your new easy home-study method of teaching Cartooning. (PLEAS) WRITE PLAINLY.) POI Sh icesicaecuma aces niet ee ene en RB (State whether Mr., Miss or Mrs.) PIN So ean oo sec dscascdewadduneenageeweume CS tio tctinnn Sess wanna mdased State $100 in Cash See Page 4 in front of book for details Prizes MAIL CARRIERS $1700 to $3000 Year TRAVEL—See Your Country MEN—WOMEN, 17 UP S¥OuLD Atty oN Steady Work. No Layoffs. WANTED RAILWAY POSTAL CLERKS Paid Vacations. Coe ee oe oe ee 4 FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, 4 Dept. K-278 Rochester, N. Y. 2 Sirs: Send me without charge: (1) Specimen Railway Postal Clerk Examination questions; (2) 2 FREE book containing list of U. S. government ‘ positions open to men and women; (3) Free sam- $ ple examination coaching. : a ' Address

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& Sabus THE DANCER OF | NERVE EXHAUSTION Your Nerves can make or break you! t Reena is but one malady more terrible than Nerve Exhaustion and that is its kin, Insanity. Only those who have passed through a siege of Nerve Exhaustion can understand the true meaning of this state- ment. The victim passes through the ‘most soul-racking tortures; he is in the grip of every conceivable fear. Nerve Exhaustion is the result of living under conditions of nerve strain. In men it can generally be traced to the strain of business worries and responsibilities, and, more frequently, to excesses; in women, to over-active emotions—particularly in mat- ters of love and marital troubles. Indeed, we are ALL living under severe nerve strain. We go about the business of bread-winning with a mad _ intensity, and, in the same way, we go about our pleasures. This is an age of nerve strain and no one is strong enough to be immune to its devastating effects. PAUL von BOECKMANN Author of ‘Nerve Force,” and various other books on Health, Psychology, Breathing, Hygiene and kindred subjects. Nerve Exhaustion does not come sud- denly. It creeps in like a thief in the night and you do not know it is there till you are actually in its clutches. When the first symptoms of this malady are upon you, you pay little attention. It is not considered unusual to experience fatigue, lassitude, headaches, nervousness and other symptoms. Yet, surely, they will not stop there. Other stages of Nerve Exhaustion will follow: sleeplessness, irritability, poor assimilation and digestion, constipation, irregular heart, etc. If you have good nerves, keep them so by learn- ing how others wreckthem. If your nerves are de- ranged, build them up. Do not wait until the final stages have developed and you are told by your doctor to take a “‘long vacation” or confined to your bed for months of “rest” with drug stimulants and sedatives to keep you from “jumpirg out of your skin.’’ The time to act is when you are advised that ‘‘there is nothing the matter with you”—except nerves—and yet you KNOW THERE IS SOMETHING THE MATTER. Nerve Trouble or no nerve trouble, you should have a knowledge of the functioning of your Nervous System. Read ‘“‘Nerve Force,” a 64-page book on the care of the nerves.* This book is a startling revelation to people with sensitive or deranged nerves. It has aided many thousands to gain control of their nerves and build up their Nerve Force. Price, 25c postpaid. (Coin or stamps.) Address PAUL VON BOECKMANN 110 West 40th Street, Studio 161, New York City. Here Are Correct Answers to Questions on Page 41 1. During the first six months. The increase in height is usually about five per cent a month. In weight it is about 20 per cent a month. 2. They contain an oily chemical that evaporates, very irritating to the delicate membrane of the eye. The watering is an attempt of the eye to wash away the irritation. 3. Precious stones are merely crystal- lized minerals. They areformed in rocks by slow crystallization of the proper mineral. 4. When the gun is fired, the powder turns into gas. The gas takes up much more room than the powder did and that is what drives the bullet out of the gun. When the bullet leaves the gun, the gas behind it escapes suddenly and sets up a — wave. This is what we hear as the ang. 5. A broadcasting station does not send out merely a wave corresponding exactly to the sounds that it intends to broadcast. - Instead, the fundamental thing that the broadcasting station sends out is a radio wave of uniform frequency, this frequency being the specified one for that station. This fundamental wave is called the ‘carrier wave.” The sound message is superposed on it. 6. The water inside the living cells freezes and this bursts the cells so that they die. 7. It is made of nitroglycerine mixed with some absorbent material, as clay or sawdust. The atoms of nitroglycerine are fastened together very loosely. On the slightest provocation they fly apart and the nitroglycerine explodes violently. The clay or sawdust divides up the nitro- glycerine so that it is not quite so violent. This makes it safer to handle. ; 8. When a cat is frightened or angry he ruffles up the hair of his body and tail in erder that he may appear to be more dangerous. The cat does this by a chemical discharged by his adrenal glands. 9. Strictly speaking, there is not; though at the center of the earth things would weigh very little. Weight is due to the attraction of gravity. At the center of the earth the attraction due to the matter of the earth would disappear, but there still would be some slight weight due to the attraction of gravity of the sun, the moon and the other heavenly bodies. 10. Because when it was formed the matter that gathered together was re- volving, probably because the attraction of the passing star started it off. The earth has simply kept on spinning as a top would spin if there were no friction of any kind to make it stop. 11. A scorpion, not very different from modern scorpions. In the Silurian period, four or five hundred million years ago, there were a lot of scorpions living in the ocean. Some of them finally learned to live ashore. 12. Very few people take exactly equal steps with their two legs. i ‘walking we correct this automatically whenever necessary because we can see where we are going. BE A RAILWAY TRAFFIC INSPECTOR MEN WANTED! Eamtpth 4$250 PER MONTH EXPENSES PAID Fascinating profession demands more trained men. Steady work and experience leads to advance. ment. Meet big railway officials Travel or remain near home, — We Secure Position For You upon graduation, paying at $110 per month, or refund ot money. You can prepare in 3 months spare-time home study, Easy to understand. . Hundreds of Successful Graduates recommend our course. Bj opportunities ahead. Sen, coupon for full details. ceeiienaiiadiaes: CT Standard Business Send me, entirely free, Booklet | No. D-64, giving full particulars about course in Railway Traffic ] Inspection. | = mt CART HH Nothing like it! If Stands for the BODY BEAUTIFUL, Mind In- tellectual, Soul Intui- PF tional. Proclaims the Invisible Brotherhood, Lessons in art and photography. Contests and criticisms. productions of famous y paintings, statuary, Lense art photos of the Human Figure. birds, animals, ete Educational, clean, uplifting, interesting. A sane and helpful philosophy of living andaf life. For Art and Nature lovers, students, teachers, THINKERS, and all who wish to de velop their powers of body, mind and soul. . Thousands of testimonials like this— I must say it is one of the most wonderful magazines printed, and I have not missed any copies for the last three years. J.C. M., Cottam, Ont. From the time you started the magazine, years agn, it has been a source of inspiration to me. ‘C>C. D. Can’t be described. YOU must see it. You can’t loose. O.K. or money refunded. CUT THIS OUT and send with $2.50 for yearly sub, or a for 4 Mo. Trial Sub. (No free samples) ART AND LIFE, Dept’ 2006 Kalamazoo, Mich DRAW CARTONS TURN YOUR TALENT INTO MONEY Cartoonists earn from $50 to $300 per week—some even more. Remarkable new Circle System of Drawing teaches ou _in half the usual time. Send for oklet and sample lesson plate ex- plaining full details of the Course. THE NATIONAL SCHOOL OF CARTOONING Cleveland, Ohio SAVE 4/3 TO 1/2! 415 Park Bullding WRITE FOR CATALOG—FREE RANDOLPH RADIO CORP. 159. N. UNIGN’AV. Dept. 3 CHICAGO, ILL. (eX ‘LEARN FURCRAFT — book shows how you can quickly learn to re- pair. renew and make up all kinds of fur garments at ig ni for this service in every locality. Save money on Pe own furs and make 700 an hour Wad m J ite now. No obligation. Book is free. LJ a NORTHWESTERN FUR CO.. 1781 Sunderland Bldg., Omaha ar’ In ordinary | Getting Ahead? Read the advertisements on Pages 120 to 150 of this issue if you want to get ahead

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eee ee eee ee ee 9 =the [Pe et a | Geers | January, 1926 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 1926 Catalog of ‘BARGAINS Exclusive Radio Mail Order House Will Send You This | Wonderful Book FREE! 64 illustrated pages containing thousands of bargains in radio sets, semi-finished sets and radio kits of all styles, sizes and approved circuits. 5-tube sets as low as $29.50. Beautiful models of the very latest designs and types. Elaborate console models with loud speakers built right in cabinets of genuine mahogany and walnut. Allsets guaranteed. Coast to coast re- ceiving range. Also contains everything in radio supplies, including batteries, chargers, loud speakers, transformers, condensers, rheostats and any other parts you may want for improving your set or building anew one. Guaranteed saving to you of 4% to 14. The Biggest §-Tube Value on the Market Positively the world’s greatest 5-tube radio bargain. Regular $75.00 value. Our large quantity production enables us to sell this set for only $29.50, fully built and wired in beautiful mahogany cabinet of latest design with sloping Bakelite panel of Satin finish, handsomely etched an ene graved as illustrated. Constructed of the finest low-loss condensers, coils andsockets. Bakelite baseboard panel and dials. Price for set only....... Ss 50 Transportation charges extra. Shipping weight 25 lbs, as This set with all Accessories, Including the famous American Bell Loud Speaker with adjustable unit, 2-45 volt ‘‘B” batteries, one guaranteed 100 Ampere Hour storage ‘‘A”’ battery, cable for battery connection, 5-201A tubes, Aerial and ground equipment, and everything complete ready to set up and operate. - Nothing else to buy. Price > P S 75 seer eee ve CO errr eee eee ease erseseseeeeese Transportation charges extra. Shipping weight 100 lbs. H Save ¥ to 4. Sets on this page are typical examples of bargains throughout our catalog. Our guarantee pro- Or der Direct From This Pagel tectsyou. Money cheerfully refunded if you are not satisfied, Write your order and ie plainly. Send Loot office money order or bank draft for full amount to insure safety. Refer to any bank or commercial agency regarding our reliability. Columbia Grand §-Tube Console Set ee “57” Beautiful Walnut Cabinet in twoe t. Tw be Fae C o \ s \e 5 d ad pecker eae : ; with adjustable unit. Large, roomy interior for holding all om World’s Famous 8-tube Super-heterodyne. Fully mounted on panel ae aaa Moar and baseboard. Comes Completely assembled ready to wire and operate. to coast Toosving We have testimonials from thousands of builders of this set. Some have re- range. Tune in stations desired— ceived foreign stations on loop aerial. Unsurpassed in volume and tone very selective. Haslatest type, lowe quality. Low-loss straight line frequency condensers, vernier dials, finest loss condensers, coils and sockets. § quality rheostats. Matched Columbia — wave transformers. Requires npartments for fm pakelite baseboard, socketsand dial § only three screws for attaching panel and baseboard anc set is ready to egy a tga @ in gold on walnut rr ag hee wire and operate. 7x30 panel, Price of set only $43.75. book of instructions, etc. anel. Price for set only, fully Requires following accessories to complete this set: 7x30 cabinet, 8-201A tubes for stor etc. uiltand wired—$57.95. eye Renter operas = —— i” tabes oe dry ver nee (ot 100 Sapere 5 pase storage tion charges extra. Shi by freight or express. attery, 2- a es, loud speaker, center tap loop aerial, ese items This set with all accessories, which Metute eae volt “B” batteries, one guar- | 2" listed in our cataiog, at a tremendous saving. anteed 100 ampere hour storage ‘‘A’’ battery, 5-201A tubes, multicolocord cable {| Our semi-finished sets come with all parts mounted on panel and baseboard ready for for eas battery: connection, aerial and ground equipment, instructions for setting | wiring. Do not fail to send for ourcatalog, Remember—we are the largest exclusive Console Radio with f built-in loud speaker and adjustable unit. Has compartments f ook a ag ag eg ge CR Pepe i ee et 8 Our line is complete, in- REMLER 8-TUBE Semi-Finished 5-Tube Radio — |," /scomie. «| NEUTRODYNE | COCKADAY |REMLER 8. Superheterodyne, i i such as Ultradyne, |Gemuine Licensed Neu-f3-tube Cockaday kit] HETERODYNE . sue’ § rodyne kit of partscome§ of parts, fully assem- ney Regenerative, nw ey on thefiiied on panel and Complete warts for -Drake, Super-Hetero- with complete instruc-§ baseboard ready to st 4 tet. bd ing ‘ ; Super - Heterodyne dyne Reflex and all other i tions ready to wire wire uineRemler latest circuits. Kits, sets Gen parts and parts by wellknown! =O29.75 | $15.85 | $49.50 r Western tric, Columbiaandothers-1 41 TRA-AUDION | BROWNING HARKNESS _ ULTRADYNE = fone-tube Uitra-Audi- DRAKE 2-tube reflex kit of - ~ fully assem- This special offer is astounding the radio world. Coast to | Complete parts for 8-Jon. Wizard of radio. id on panel and Coast reception on loud speaker. Low-loss condensers J Tube Ultradyne receiv- {Fully assembled and . hos and sockets. Highest quality transformers. Bakeliterheostats. Jer, without cabinet, ready to wire, with — complete low-[baseboard, ready to All wiring concealed under Bakelite baseboard. ~ 7x18 panel complete with blue: instructions arts wt race -” into any stan x18 cabinet. Complete instructions J print, ins ions an for operating. Guaranteed saving to you of $50.00. | diagrams Price of set all mounted, $18.75. Cabinet of same $45 85 $6.35 $32.40 $16.95 model as American Radynola pictured above $5.65 extra. Catalogincludes list of broade OUR GUARANTEE ucrcance | RANDOLPH RADIO CORPORATION | 2:ireccancs our free service division. 159 Ves Dept. 223 Ch llinoi before shipping. Complete Write for it today. N. Union A : m cago, ; nots satisfaction guaranteed. IS) This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS.

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152 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY January, 19% eNow only ~ y better than a lot of sets thatsell for’ twice the price. T have me / four other sets t heard many more ~ and none beats this one”

Built like — looks like= performs like a $200 set? Demand Breaking All Records — pappes = Needed —Get Wholesale Prices "tick CThe°Powertul New Enormous demand fee the os lebrated Mireco Ultra 6 (resulting from its man many on ; users so hi gol yoosmmmand ng ¥ to a teele — ena add hosts of costly w features, lai test 1B - and up-to the: minute improvements such as you might x pect to find only on ay newest sets selling at at me igher prices e Improved set—a more beaut- 5 for 1926 is even a better iful set—a more selective and more powerful Se Rs yeni as td may sound! — for less COAST TO COAST RECEPTION VERIFIED BYUSERS |B QcUzantced byl (Had seeed ond Ayre are only ow of ho p mani ouy fuleg and which 108 he dale. Bend Radio Builders Highest Authorities

‘or plenty of additional proof, Let testimony of users instecd of pte pe na claims ponpinns you.

MANY'SAY IT'S, BEST THEY'VE | INDIANA HEARS BoTH coasts |H| [ULTRA SELECTIVE FIVE TUBE SET IN MAHOGANY CABINET] “Ultra 5°? more ethan meets my | in every respect. It can’t possibly ’&. geod radio set. — ‘ Siany think it fe ths boat that they | pe,beat for: (a frat might You can either save or makea in the opinion of radio ex- tint), clossness end long distance | {rm both coaste. Adoiph M. ..- . lot of money on sets and sup- perts, Selectivity, long dis- it is unsurpassed in my estimation lis, Indiana, plies by sending coupon today tance. reception, clarity of Boe 2 Auto Supply, Allentown, | MINNESOTA Py COAST TO for our Amazing Special tone, power and volume have (PRAISES THE FINE TONE AND | Received Uitrs-£ in fine condition Offer’ It will astonish you. been amazingly increased= VOLUME Have received programs f tas Big profits easy —accepting B’”’ battery consumption is Re ea euc bal 24 ditterens | Canada. Biaraine oie send orders for MiracoSets. Only minimized — oscillations are stations from to 10—all on loud | sets in this locality. We wre well necessary to order one set to easily controlled on all wave- Fen cramuretz | omaniacnecens I] sasenseumntonen mowsion” radigisventions- Among ta ee e. THE TPAR AND POWERFUL’ cnet ge so > nti manship required. The per- are: ““Duoformers’’ (ultralow- Am more ithen pees Be 5 | tions 1 received with the Miraco formance of Miraco Sets loss inductance coils); the end powerful, DG.» » «+ Detroit, | Ulite-5: KSD, WEBH. WRAY. does the selling. Greatest d “‘Counter-Balancer” (patent. Mickeas, spaisihereneose.: Wor BW EW pin Pao rd nf or met atae sa ed); flexible wiring which . ‘?, i> . _ Tone quay. KrAbe Wuaae WASL, "WEAE: been building i nse payer or fens The Ultra-5 received from you is | WTAS, WQJ, KFK WW more user-agentstosupplyit. Tne improved new Miraco Ultra-5 te rand. nections; an ustmen the best I ever heard. He soa we | koe WOAT, WS08. Ugo: This latest improved 1926 gold-ste"-d : nuine Formica panel my Ne large different length aerials; use Bakelite arrow point , pahone for esees Massback. Ill. WLS. WHI. wor wae AP model Miraco Ultra 5 —com- tuning) add to the stylish anpearance, Mahogany cabi- bi. of only two rheostats; a cut- ONE OF THE CLEARESTEVER | Woy ‘cKy’, WRR.WCAE, WEAO, pletely built, thoroughly xet oI nd rubbed. | ff to you will AJ ho out switch; concealed wiring Nl who have heard my Ultra-5 set | WRC, FFDM ,WJJD,WGR,WABN, teste] and factory guaran- 47 /*#ends see orm. under genuine Formica base A eard may, WCAL, WLB; WHN: WMAQ. WJZ, eh pronounce it one of the clearest WOAW, WOO, WOS, GFAC, tee’ by the Midwest Radio Corporation, one aa board and other features of costliest sets. Shey hove beord.ovd I must ony | Sheffield Ging.) | Paris (france). Ar: »ica’s oldest, reliable and most successful} Literaturedescribes them fully. Send for it—and represented b you. George... .+| Caz H.’ ... Waukesha, Wis. makers of quality sets—is an astonishing bargain | Special Offer that will surprise and interest you. Gaville, Washington.” "" | MONTANA HEARS, CALIFORNIA MONTANA HEARS BOTH TO IR I_am more hoops ll with the | — Long Distance Se $ hy. 5 Ei t th i i Nocrifaet& Yon Angutegy Winat | atts? Recey h: 2'arew chee ar Miraco els’ Beg.teaaltes, ress. W- H. «+ += | ceding PS tea Gh Wi | OHIO cers” "EM COAST TO GM, WCAL, WLW, CAM, 'CFCF, Wonderfully improved new models in one-tube a Wis WAE, KAKE ROOW.WCCO, three-tube Miraco Long Distance Sets also We ore ens ing the Ultra: fedio. | WOAW. GF AC, WOAY WOS, lower prices! New MiracoR-3atonly $27.35 (retail) oe stations on coast, south WCKE, KFPU, REB. KPO KFAA, ates loudspeaker on distant stations. New ee >< WRAP. WGN. EIR, WHS, WOS, que-tabe Model Ris alsoa record-breaker ALIFORNIA THE FIRST NIGHT v ? "WJAZ, for distance a Fieed hones Tear ee Ron Wear EAC, WEAPIRERE Get Special Offer! $13.75. All eee the first night with same volume as | o'clock 1 received Ireland, the dis- sets work on storage or dry batteries, are easi ‘4 Pittsbargh. Fred G. .... Liver- | tance being several thousand miles. .. ———_ and carted ae COAST o eee eComertown, t testimony of users convince you. Writefor | COAST Ta Snowman wee ee HEARS apna literature and Special Offer — use coupon. With Miraco five tube set am get- qwhere- ting stations on the Pacific ond At- Got2-XB Wellington, pastzalie. plain { Valle; Okla. andere cane Glee Mirese 9 —t sold ri hee You! Mtns RACO wconst To COAST” A REALsTy | GalgutraePistt dese fr you want is wait The two Miraco-5’s have been work- | (isn Ferris, West Va wcece Miraco sets—at rock-bottom factory prices— , RAD far beyond . Repo ts of a in every state prove se gubectations. “Hour” statement. of ALL WE CLAIM » . » oak ‘AND MORE parte Gown Oe costing aSatgiona three a times 2s much. Send for latest literature, SPECIAL iGETS ey coast jon: ebeolutely a reality. T. D..... | Missco Ula 5" Set in- a: a ry plenty of nad di toCoast.” ving (orey-\- 38 ouston, Texas. ers. assue te ae wontartal ul grate N COAST miCHOAN 3 st ReconsT TO | ee a ail'you CORPORATIO if itr trad, Can vet stations from mone Vv. A. ceekoe MIDWEST RADI ilders of Sets ti Ohio to coast and from Texas toCanada. | Hampsh.re. soneer Bu Cincinnati, Geo. 0’. ... «+ Gordon, Michigan. | Tennessee. Pi jealars reqaraoe —_ LOTS OF VOLUME — 20 STATIONS FIRST NIGHT East Eighth Street SPECIAL OF OFFER an and all particelet? radio SUPP re- - ceived may may Miraco {fiteab and that itworks fine fine. Had ot ture, AMAZING stati the first night —it has lots Fee Wood coos » VF reabiba, i. The reports we print are from UNSOLICITED letters sent us by pleased users. d free literat roposition om Guaran {y Dee

© This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6. a Printed by Art Color Printing Co., Dunellen, N. J.

eé J Ti every States colds. result Taylor the o1 out dite You 1 Open v door cause temper accura warm exact ¢ Beca facture ing, r Strume ducing we ha cab or $1 Taylor peratur Conadi, Feos B TOR

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tos surgeons of the Chemical every 100 persons in the United States are suffering continually from colds."” Many of these colds are the result of carelessness. With a | Taylor Temprite you can know the outside temperature with- out going out- Tc doors to find out. You “i not E M open windows or m .. which aati cause drafts and lower room temperatures. Temprite tells you accurately at a glance from your warm living room or bedroom the exact outside temperature. Because we are the largest manu- facturer of all kinds of heat indicat- ing, recording and controlling in- struments, and because we are pro- ducing such a large quantity of them, we have been able to develop this teliable, outdoor thermometer to sell for $1.00. This thermometer—the Taylor Temprite—tregisters the tem- Petature accurately, always! Fra VTaveoenrverwwrtonvr e,*”” 7ta =o SS : An Accurate Acpame to — ‘How Is It Outside ?” Warfare Service say: ‘‘42 out of Short & Mason, Ltd., Manufacturing Distributors in Great Britain POPULAR SCIENCE MONTPLY The Taylor Temprite is shown in full size at the-right. The Temprite is a handsome Thermometer. The figures are stamped “boldly on ‘a beautiful white-enameled ‘solid metal back. The temperature can be read at a distance of 15 feet. The fade- less, bright colored liquid is permanently - sealed in a mag- nifying glass tube. Included with the Taylor Temprite are white enameled metal. brackets, bolts and nails. All you need to “‘put up” the thermometer is a tack-hammer. It is adjustable so it can be read from any angle. If your dealer doesn’t yet handle the Taylor Temprite, send your check, money order, or a dollar bill with the coupon below and we will send you one carefully packed, safe delivery guaranteed. (Please give us dealer's name). & CREO REE RENN i } Taylor rockeSTER, NXUSA. | Canadian Plant: ‘ — a Fee BUninc taylor Instrument Companies — - TORONTO 125 AMES ST., ROCHESTER, N. Y., U. S. A. 125 Ames St n Please § eter : mom Window Ther delivery: el G safe t Companies N.Y. i Temprite enclos¢ Rochestets at once I understand + Ya Nam a = A Address ati a City Ee eae BM eal er’s Name © This seal on a radio or tool advertisement signifies the approval of the INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS. See page 6.