Notes and Queries 1908-03-28: Vol 9 Iss 222
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NOTES QUERIES: A Medium of Intercommunication FOR LITERARY MEN, GENERAL READERS, ETC. ‘¢When found, make a note of.’—CAPTAIN CUTTLE. Ho. 222. SATURDAY, MARCH 28, 1908, Repisterat ana Newsvaner. Entered at SERIES. ?.O. as Second-Class Matter. “early Subscription, 208. 6d. post free. J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY ANNOUNCE THE PUBLICATION OF ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA, BEING THE FIFTEENTH VOLUME OF THE NEW VARIORUM EDITION OF THE WORKS OF WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE. Edited by HORACE HOWARD FURNESS. y The publication of a new volume of Dr. Furness’s Variorum Edition of Shakespeare is always an event of importance in the literary world, and it is therefore with pleasure that the Publishers are able to announce the completion of the fifteenth volume of this monumental work. This is the first volume to put before the public since the autumn of 1904, when ‘ Love’s Labour ’s Lost’ was published. Tue Text of this edition follows the text of the First Folio with all the fidelity that unstinted pains can bestow. In addition there are Textual Notes showing the different readings of the folios, quartos, and subsequent editions, similar in kind to the notes of the Cambridge Edition, but differing herein, that they enumerate the critical editions that have adopted the various readings. Then follows a CoMMENTARY in which the notes, worth preserving (in the opinion of the editor), of critical editions from Pope to the present day are condensed—at times these notes merely illustrate the history of Shake- spearian criticism. In an APPENDIX are criticisms by English, German, and French authors—in short, within one volume is to be found an epitome of a Shakespeare library that would cost a large expenditure of time and money to collect. The Fourteen Volumes which have thus far appeared are: ROMEO AND JULIET. AS YOU LIKE IT. HAMLET. 2 vols. THE TEMPEST. MACBETH. Revised Edition by Horacr A MIDSUMMER NIGHT’S DREAM. Howarkp Fvuryess, Jun. THE WINTER'S TALE. KING LEAR. MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING. OTHELLO. TWELFTH NIGHT. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE. LOVE’S LABOUR’S LOST. PRESS OPINIONS. “This, the most exhaustive work on any of Shakespeare's plays, comes from America.”—Athenewuin. “Tt is a truly monumental edition.”—Pall Mall Gazette. “ America has the honour of having produced the very best and most complete edition, so far as it has gone, of our great national poet.”—Blackwood’s Magazine. “The most valuable work recently contributed to our Shakespearean literature.”—Birmingham Daily Post. Royal Svo, cloth, gilt top, uncut edges, 18s. per vol. J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY, 5, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, London.
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NOTES AND QUERIES. (10 S. IX. Marci 28, 1908. Library of the late MR. ROBERT WHITE, Worksop, Notts, the well-known Antiquary, Collector, and Publisher. HE whole of the above-named valuable SCARCE AND CURIOUS OLD BOOKS, comprising some 5,000 vols. (more or less), to be disposed of by Private Treaty en bloc. The Books will be on view at Mr. White's late residence, Park Place, Worksop, on and from Monday, the 23rd day of March, until Saturday, the 4th day of April, 1908, where they may be inspected by bona_fide intending Purchasers. All sealed Tenders must be sent in to Mrs. KIRKWOOD, the Administratrix, at the above address, on or before TUESDAY, April 7 7, 1908. As the Estate must be wound up without delay, the highest Tender (for Cash) will be accepted. N.B. Offers for sing! fe Books, or Lots, cannot be entertained. AGENCY FOR AMERICAN BOUKS. G. P. PULNAM’S SONS, PUBLISHERS and BOOKSELLERS, Of 27 and 29, West 23rd Street, New York, and 24, BEDFORD STREET, LONDON, W.C., desire to call the attention of the READING PUBLIC to the excellent facilities presented by their Branch House in London for filling, on the most favourable terms, orders for their own © STANDARD PUBLICATIONS, and for all AMERICAN BOOKS, Catal sent on Li OOKS.—ALL OUT-OF-PRINT BOOKS supplied, no matter on what subject. Acknowledged the world over as the most = Bookfinders extant. Please state wants.— BAKER'S Great Bookshop, 14-16, John Bright Street. Birmingham. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN DISRAELI, OF BEACONSFIELD, TES AND QUEER ES for APRIL 29, MAY 13, 27, JUNE 10, 24, and JULY 8, - Contains a BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE EARL OF BEACONSFIELD. This includes KEYS to ‘VIVIAN GREY,’ ‘CONINGSBY,’ ‘LOTHAIR,’ and ‘ENDYMION.’ Price of the Six Numbers, 2s.; or free by post, 2s. 3d. JOHN C. FRANCIS and J. 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The Index separately 6d. ; by post 63d. Also Cases for Binding, price 1s. ; by post 1s. 2d. JOHN C. FRANCIS and J. EDWARD FRANCIS, Notes and Queries Office, Bream’s Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. NOTES AND QUERIES is published on FRIDAY AFTERNOON at 2 o’clock. OTES anv QUERIES. —The SUBSCRIPTION to ae ede QUERIES free by post is 10s. 3d. for Siv Months ‘or Twelve Months, including the Volume Index J.EDW FRANCIS, Notes and Queries Uttice, Bream’'s Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. ABOUT 2,000 BOOKS WANTED Are advertised for weekly in THE PUBLISHERS’ CIRCULAR AND BOOKSELLERS’ RECORD (EsTABLISHED 1837), Which also gives Lists of the New Books pubiished during the Week, Announcements of Forthcoming Books, &c. Subscribers have the privilege of a Gratis Advertisement in the Books Wanted Columns. Sent for 52 weeks, post: free, for 10s. 6d. home and 13s. 6d. foreign Subscription. Specimen copy free on application to all mentioning ‘Notes and Queries.’ Price TWOPENCE WEEKLY. Office: ST. 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10 S. IX. Marcu 28, 1908.) NOTES AND QUERIES. 241 LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 2s, 1508, CONTENTS.—No. 222. NOTES :—The Third Folio Shakespeare, 241—Boleyne Reeves, 242—Constables of the Tower, 243—The Shake- speare Memorial, 246—‘The Telegraph,’ 1797—‘‘ Tele- phonic”: Early Use—Sheep as Weather Prophets—‘ The Diabo-lady ’: a Key—Standard Theatre, Shoreditch, 247 —Ovington and Kipling—Lytton’s ‘Lost Tales of Miletus ’--‘* Mince” pronounced Minsh,” 248. QUERIES :—William Carpenter, 1657: Francis Kirkman— Hall: Gaskell: Penn, 248—‘‘ Rips and reps”—Dawson= Cary—‘‘ Drive”: Whist Drive ”—‘‘ Canvass ”—Aldermen of Aldersgate Ward—Authors Wanted—Stevenson and Schubert—Earl of Strafford’s Letters—Roman Inscription eoncerning Corbridge—Book on Roads, 249—Cooper= Franks—Robert Stubbs of Stamford—George Stubbs— Welsh Tartan—Dryden on Milton—Swinburne Transla- tions—Clough—Pall Mall, the Game—‘The Antiquities of St. Peter’s, Westminster,’ 250—Chalk Farm, 251. REPLIES:—Latin Pronunciation, 251—Fenians and Western Australia—First Englishman in India—Leap Year, 254— Defoe : the Devil’s Chapel— White Ensign : National Flag, 255—‘ English Minstrelsy,’ 256—Luminous Owls—‘ Lang o’ Lea’—Wordsworth and Browning, 257—Baffo’s Poems —The “ Hazel” in Politics, 258, NOTES ON BOOKS: —‘Fynes Moryson’s Itinerary ’— ‘Colonel Nathaniel Whetham’—‘ George Morland.’ Notices to Correspondents. Hotes. THE THIRD FOLIO SHAKESPEARE. THE occurrence in the recent sale of books which belonged to the late Dr. Gott, Bishop of Truro, of the very scarce issue dated 1663, induces me to make some remarks on the Third Folio. It is alleged by biblio- graphers that there were three issues. I suggest that there is, in fact, only one. It is true there are two different title-pages, but since some copies contain both title- pages, the three alleged issues are accounted for, though the text is the same in each variety. Issue No. 1, a3 stated on the title-page, was “ Printed for Philip Chetwinde. 1663.” There are 888 pages, continuously numbered, of the text of the thirty-six plays, ‘The Tempest’ to ‘Cymbeline. I have never seen a copy answering this description ; that is to say, all copies I have seen dated 1663, including Dr. Gott’s copy, contain after p. 888 the text of the seven spurious plays, as in issues Nos. 2 and 3 described below. I do not say, though I certainly suggest, that no copy_exists without these plays, for I find it difficult wholly to dis- credit the persistent statements that copies do exist without them. Seeing that the volume is quite complete in itself without these plays, and that down to p. 888 the Third Folio is a reprint of the First Folio (1623) and Second Folio (1632), I think it likely that some copies may have been bound up without the last 120 pages containing these plays. I can only repeat that I have yet to see a copy without them. Issue No. 2 contains the 1663 title-page with an additional title-page ‘* Printed for P.C. 1664”: otherwise it is exactly similar to issue No. 1 down to p. 888. Following p. 888 are 120 pages divided into two parts, pp. 1-20 and 1-100 respec- tively, containing the text of the seven spurious plays, ‘Pericles’ to ‘ Locrine.’ I believe this is an accurate description, as far as it goes, of all copies usually referred to in bibliographical works as “ the edition dated 1663.” As a matter of fact, every copy I have seen dated 1663 answers this description, though some—as Dr. Gott’s copy, perhaps most—copies are without the 1664 title-page. Copies with the two title-pages are exceedingly scarce. I can only find records of 12 sold within the last 200 years. Last year one sold for 1,5501. Copies with only the 1663 title-page are but little less scarce, not more than 20 having occurred for sale during the same period. It has sold for as much as 510/.; while the 1663 title-page alone sold for 110. in 1895. Issue No. 3 has the 1664 title-page. Except that it does not contain the 1663 title-page, it is exactly similar to issue No. 2. This is the form in which the Third Folio is most commonly found, and is that which is always referred to as “ the edition dated 1664.” It is somewhat less frequently met with than the First Folio, and has sold for 5700. No copy of the Third Folio contains a colophon, as in the First and Second Folios ; but every copy contains a woodcut ornament on p. 887, and another on the last printed page of the volume. There is a woodcut ornament on the 1664 title-page composed of two circles entwined by two serpents. The motto “ Per aspera ad ardua tendo ”’ is in the interstices between the circles: this is an original composition not to be found in any classical Latin writer. Inside the inner circle is the crest, “ a ffaleon with his wynges displayed, standing on a wrethe,” which, as is well known, is Shake- speare’s. The Third is undoubtedly the rarest of
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242 NOTES AND QUERIES. (10 8. 1X. Mancu 28, 1908. the four Folio editions. The popular ex- planation of its scarcity is that most of the copies were destroyed in the Great Fire of London. I am not much impressed with this statement, since it is mere conjecture, not founded on any evidence. The Fire of London did not commence until 2 Sept., 1666, and it is thus possible that at least forty-five months elapsed between the publication of the Third Folio and the Fire. It is apprehended that this interval is quite sufficient to allow for the distribution of most, if not all, copies by the publisher, and that few, if any, copies would have remained on his premises in the City of London at the date of the Fire. Epwarp B. Harris. 5, Sussex Place, Regent’s Park, N.W. BOLEYNE REEVES. Or this distinguished harpist no account is to be found anywhere, although he occu- pied a conspicuous place in music for many years during the middle of the last century. He was a born musician. Asa child he could not be kept from his sister’s harp, and he was a harpist when the harp was at the height of its popularity. A most apprecia- tive article about his playing and composi- tions is to be found in Fraser’s Magazine for April, 1853. Fraser then occupied a high position. The article is anonymous, but it was by Edward Holmes, the musical critic, a notice of whom is in Boase’s ‘Modern English Biography.’ T had occasion some years ago for my book ‘Swimming’ to write to Mr. Reeves to know if he was the editor of ‘ Colburn’s Kalendar,’ published in 1840; and also the author of a volume entitled ‘Cassiope, and other Poems,’ published by Kegan Paul in 1890. The fifty years’ interval made me think that the poems were probably by a son of the same name. One thing which struck me as remarkable was that, like his namesake the great English tenor, he had only a surname for a Christian name, though when I wrote to Mr. Boleyne Reeves in 1903, his namesake never occurred to me. Our greatest English tenor, Sims Reeves, was born in England in 1818, and well might a future biographer suggest there was some relationship between the two. There was none. Boleyne (or rather Peter Bullen) Reeves was born 25 Feb., 1820, at Cork, where his father Peter Reeves was a paper manufac- turer. The father was a Roman Catholic, and so was the subject of this notice. That. the son was a very broad-minded man the following verse from his own poem {to ‘Shelley shows :— For heaven is won in many ways, And not alone by faith and praise ; All who, like Shelley, love their kind, A welcome from the Christ shall find. Boleyne was first married in his eighteenth year to a lady fourteen years older than himself ; secondly, to his present widow, who had known him from her childhood. The name of ‘‘ Boleyne’’ was taken, ‘ by a friend’s advice, as being more suitable for his musical profession,’ as that of ‘* Sims ’’ was taken by his namesake instead of John (‘D.N.B.’). There cannot be a doubt as to the wisdom of the choice. It always occurred to me that John Jay (10S. vi. 441) was not a name likely to capture the fancy of the English public for musical compositions. I have several times made observations in these columns on the catalogues of our National Library, particularly with regard to the music library. At 108. v. 70 I men- tioned the great inconvenience of numerous catalogues. At 10 8. vi. 87 I commented on the inconvenience of the catalogues of printed books and printed music being separate; and now I should like to utter many more hard words condemnatory of this inconvenient system. In the case of Boleyne Reeves I was, as already said, puzzled at there being fifty years between the first and last book bearing his name. Only after the publica- tion of my bibliography above referred to, and his death, did I find out that he was a musician. Then, by a reference to the ‘Music Catalogue, the gap was_ partly accounted for. However, the National Library has only three out of some forty of his published compositions for the harp, pianoforte, voice, &c. I am happy to say I shall, by the favour of his widow, be the means of offering thirty - three more, to add to the very deficient musical library the nation possesses. They are all published by well-known firms, and yet have not been lodged at the National Library, as required by the Copyright Act. ucn The preceding paragraph was written some time before I sent the music. On its receipt I got the following note from the Librarian :— **Tam desired by the Keeper of this Department to say that if it is intended to present the music which you send, he will accept it for the Library, but he is not able to recommend its purchase.” | | | | | mi Ki che ten Pay 164( 164]
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nent usic ‘ary; 10S. IX. Maxcu 28, 1908.) NOTES AND QUERIES. 245 There is a popular notion that every printed publication is in the National Library, duly filed in case it is ever required. This letter reveals the curious fact that our National Library of music is like Mudie’s “Select”: if a piece is not sent in under the Copyright Act, only what the Librarian considers worth having, according to the prevalent ideas of his day, is bought. I need make no observation on the extreme inconvenience and disappointment to students from works not being in the Lib- rary. I have lately consulted books that, I believe, have lain on the shelves untouched for fifty years, and yet were useful to me. One of these I quoted at 10S. viii. 316. Boleyne Reeves did not retire entirely until about 1887. Among numerous lauda- tory notices, I may mention one, as I am enabled to disclose the real name of its pseudonymous author. In ‘Fugitive Poems,’ by Endymion, published at Cork in 1832, on p. 23 is a poem to ‘A Young Harper, and on p. 43 ‘ Farewell Stanzas to P.B. In these stanzas William Newen- ham Nash, the author of them, refers to Reeves, who was then about twelve years old, as “‘ my own dear little minstrel boy.” | Reeves was then leaving Ireland for England, with sufficient skill to earn his own living. I shall not attempt to give a list of his musical compositions, but name only the following, for the special information given on the title (it is, I believe, the solitary | piece on which a date is mentioned): ‘‘ Fan- tasia for the harp on the favorite German melody ‘ Des Jaigers Haus,’ which was per- formed by the author in Paris, and also at his own concert, 22 March, 1844.”’ His song ‘The Secret’ was afterwards issued with a new title, ““I’ve something sweet to tell you”’; and ‘I Covet Thee’ has a list of seventeen of his compositions. Reeves also wrote a book (?) with the title ‘Latterday Lyrics,’ which I have not been able to find in any catalogue ; but the words of the following song are said to be from it, viz., ‘‘Onward, England! national song, music composed, &c. London, Addison, Hollier & Lucas” (1855). When no name is given to the poetry of his songs, the words may be assumed to be by the composer. Boleyne Reeves died at Longwood, Wick- ham Bishops, Witham, Essex, on 22 April, 1905. He was the last of his race, all his father’s family having died many years ago, leaving none to represent them. Daniel M. G. S. Reeves, who wrote ‘A Treatise on the Science of Music,’ 1853, was no relation. His brother Edmund Brown Reeves (born Cork about 1815, and died in London 1846) was an artist, and his name will be found in that invaluable book, ‘ A Dictionary of Artists, by Algernon Graves, 1895, as exhibiting one picture at the Royal Academy in the year he died. He also exhibited at the Royal Hibernian Academy. THomas. CONSTABLES AND LIEUTENANTS OF THE TOWER OF LONDON. (See ante, pp. 61, 161.) THE catalogue is continued from the accession of the Stuarts to the present time :— CONSTABLES. LIEUTENANTS. Reg. James I. During this reign there were ‘Lords Com- missioners of the Tower.” These, by order of King James, 30 July, 1603, were directed ‘to dis- charge Sir John Peyton from the oftice of Lieu- tenant, and to appoint Sir George Harvey” (S. Papers Dom.). 1603, Mar. 24. Sir John Peyton (continued). (25) 1603, July 30. Sir George Harvey. 1605, Sept. 21. Sir William Waad. 1613, May 13. Sir Gervas Helwys or Elwis. (26) 1615, Nov. Sir George More. 1617, March. Sir Allan Apsley. (27) Reg. Charles I. 1640. Francis, Baron Cottington, was appointed Constable by the King, but was soon withdrawn owing to the opposition of the Parliament. (29) 1641. Mountjoy (Blount), Earl of Newport, Con- stable May-Dec., 1641. (30) 1647, Aug. 9. General Sir Thomas Fairfax. 1625, Mar. 27. Sir Allan Apsley (continued). D. 1630 1630, Oct. 18. Sir Willam Balfour. (28) 1641, Dec. 22. Col. Thomas Lunstord. (31) 1641, Dec. Sir John Byron. (32 1642, Feb. Sir John Conyers. (33) 1642, Aug. 16. Isaac Pennington, Lord Mayor of London. (34) 1645, April. Col. Francis West. (35) r d iS d or of Si 1g a- od | as he ly valk ty rp, ay the | to | ary ied | pen ten On | the |
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244 NOTES AND QUERIES. 10s. 1x. Mancir 28, 1908. CONSTABLES. LIEUTENANTS. Temp. Commonwealth. 1649, Jan. General Sir Thomas, Lord Fairfax | 1649, Jan. Col. Francis West(continued). Died 1652. (1648), Resigned June, 1650. D. 1671. 1652, Aug. 12. Col. John Berkstead. (36) 1659, June 10. Col. Thomas Fitch. 1660, Jan. 7. Col. Herbert Morley. Reg. Charles IT. 1660, June 25. Sir John Robinson, Kt. and Bart. | 1660, May 29. Col. Herbert Morley (continued). Lord Mayor ot London 1662-3. (See | 1660, June 25. Sir John Robinson, Kt. and Bart. Lieutenants.) He died March, 1681. He had chief command of the Tower, 1675, June 25. James (Compton), Earl of North- although he had the grant as ‘ Lieu- tenant.” Bayley classes him as both ampton. D.15 Dec., 1681. 1679. William, Baron Alington. D. 1 Feb., 1684, Constable and Lieutenant. at the Tower. 1684. George (Legge), Earl of Dartmouth. 1681, Mar. Capt. Thomas Cheek. Reg. James II. 1685, Feb. 6. George, Earl of Dartmouth (continued). _ Feb. 6. Capt. Thomas Cheek (continued). Committed to the Tower on suspicion of | 1687, June. Sir Edward Hales, Bart. He assisted high treason, 31 July, 1691, and died there the King’s flight, Dec., 1688. _D. 1695. 25 Oct. 1688, Dee. a. Baron Lucas (during the | 1688, Dec. Sir Bevill Skelton. interregnum). Reg. William III and Mary II. 1689, Feb 13. Robert, Baron Lucas (continued). 1689, Feb. Col. — King, “Dep. Governor.’ 1689. Col. John Farewell, do. Reg. Anne. 1702, Mar. Lucas (continued). D.3 1 Jan., 1702, May 27. ou ne Bertie), Earl of | 1702. Mar (7). General Charles Churchill. Ab pingdon. D. 16 June, 1743. 1707, Jan. 28. (Algernon (Capel), Earl of Essex. D. 10 Jan., 171 1710, Feb. 15. Richard (Savage), Earl Rivers. . 19 Aug., 1712. | 1712, Mar. 22. George (Compton), Earl North- | ampton. 1709, Dec. Lieut.-General William Cadogan. Reg. George I. 1714, Aug. 1. George, Earl of Nor rthampton (con- | 1714, Aug. 1. Lieut.-General William Cadogan tinued). D. 15 April, 1727. (continued). 1715, Oct. 16. Rang 4 (Howard), Earl of Carlisle. | 1715, Dec. Lieut.-General Hatton Compton. . 1 May, 1738. 1722, Dec. 29. Henry (Fiennes- Clinton), Earl of Lincoln. D. 7 Sept., 1728. 1725, May 31. Charles (Paulet), Duke of Bolton. D. 26 Aug., 1754. 1726, Sept. 9. Henry a Lonsdale. Reg. George II. 1727, June 11. Henry, Viscount Lonsdale (con- | 1727, June 11. Lieut.-General Hatton Compton tinued). D. 12 Mar. 1751. (continued). D. 22 Oct., 1741 1731, Aug. 13. John (Sydney), Earl of Leicester. D. Sept., 1787. 1740, May 12. Charles, Baron Cornwallis (Earl | 1742, June 2 a — Henry Paulet (Duke of Bolton 90 Oct., 1759. Cornwallis 1753). 1754). 1754, Nov. 6. Charles (Paulet), Maryuis of Win chester (Duke of Bolton 1765). 1760, June. Hon. George Paulet. Reg. George ITI. 1760, Oct. 25. Ps iy Foy Cornwallis (continued). | 1760, Oct. 25. Hon. George Paulet (continued). une, 1762. 1762. John, Baron Berkeley (of Stratton). D. 8 April, 1773. 1763, Aug. Lieut. -General Charles Vernon. D. 1771, Jan. 23. Charles, Earl Cornwallis. 3 Aug., 1810, aged 91 years. 1784, Feb. Lord George Henry Lennox. 1784, Nov. 16. Charles, a? oe (again). Marquis 1792. D.5 Oct., 1 1806, Feb. 1 Francis Hastings), Earl of Aloinn Marquis of Hastings, “1817. 1810, Aug. 18. Lieut.-General William Loftus. | fi I th 2% (I j
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10 S. IX. 28, 1908.] NOTES AND QUERIES. 245 CONSTABLES. LIEUTENANTS. Reg. George IV. 1820, Jan. 29. Francis, Marquis 0. Hastings (con- tinued). D. 28 Nov., 1826. 1826, Dec. 29. Field-Marshal Arthur (Wellesley), Duke of Wellington. 1820, Jan. 29. Lieut.- General William Loftus (continued). Reg. William IV. 1830, June 26. Field-Marshal Arthur, Duke of Wellington (continued). 1830, June 26. Lieut. - General William Loftus (continued). D. 15 June, 1831. 1831, July 21. George (Fitz - Clarence), Earl of Munster. D. 20 Mar., 1842. 1833, Jan. 19. Lord Frederick Fitz-Clarence. D-. 30 Aug., 1854. 1833, Feb. 26. Lieut.-General John Sullivan Wood. Reg. Victoria. 1837, June 20. Field-Marshal Arthur, Duke of Wellington, K.G. (continued). D,14Sept., 1852, et. 83. 1852, Oct. 11. Field-Marshal Stapleton (Stapleton- Cotton), Viscount Combermere, G.C.B. D. 21 Feb., 1865. 1865, April 8. Field-Marshal Sir John Fox- . D. 7 Oct., 1871. 1871, Nov. 13. Field-Marshal Sir George Pollock, G.C.B. D. 6 Oct., 1872. 1872, Oct. 31. Field-Marshal Sir William Maynard Gomm, G.C.B. D. 15 Mar., 1875. 1875, April 5. Field-Marshal Sir Charles Yorke, G.C.B. D. 20 Nov. 1880. May 9. General Sir William Fenwick Williams of Kars, Bt.,G.C.B. D.27 July, 1883. 1881, July 2. Field-Marshal Sir Richard James Dacres, G.C.B. D.6 Dec., 1887, Jan6. Field-Marshal Robert Cornelis, Baron of Magdala, G.C.B. D. 14 Jan., 1890. 1890, March 24. General Sir Daniel Lysons, G.C.B. D. 29 Jan., 1898 1898, Mar. 21. General Sir Fredk. Chas. Arthur Stephenson, G.C.B. 1837, June 26. Lieut.-General John Sullivan Wood (continued). D. 3 July, 1851, et. 84. 1851, July 16. Major-General Sir George Bowles. D. in his 90th year, 21 May, 1876. 1876, July 22. Lieut.-General Chas. Lennox Brown- | | | | low Maitland, C.B. D. Jan. 5, 1891. 1884, July 8. Lieut.-General Sir Frederick Augustus (Thesiger), Baron Chelmsford, G.C.B. 1889, Mar. 26. Lieut.-General Sir George Went- worth Alexander Higginson, K.C.B. 1893, June 21. Lieut.-General Hugh Rowlands, V.C., D. 21 Oct., 1895. 1894, Jan. 5. General John Hart Dunne. 1897, Jan. 5. Lieut.-General Godfrey Clerk, C.B. 1900, Jan. 5 |. Sir William Stirling, Reg. Edward VII. 1901, Jan. 22. General Sir F. C. A. Stephenson (continued). (25) Peyton was by James I. released from the Lieutenancy of the Tower and appointed Captain of Jersey, 30 July, 1603. Died in 1630. (‘ D.N.B.’). (26) Elwys or Helwys was hanged on Tower Hill, 20 Nov., 1615, for complicity in the murder of Sir Thomas Overbury, prisoner in the Tower (‘ D.N.B.’). (27) Apsley is said to have purchased the Lieutenancy from Sir George More for 25,0007. (State Papers, Dom.). ‘* He died in the Lieutenant’s lodgings, 24 May, 1630” (Doyne C. Bell, ‘The Chapel in the Tower,’ and tablet therein). 1901, Jan. 22. Lieut.-General Sir William Stirling K.C.B. (continued). 1902, Sept. 1. General Lord Wm. Fredk. Ernest Seymour, K.C.V.O. 1905, Nov. 15. General Sir George Luck, K.C.B. 1907, Oct. 24. Lieut.-General Sir Robert MacGregor Stewart, K.C.B. (28) Balfour; ‘“‘ voluntarily resigned,” Dec. 22, 1641 (State Papers Dom.), but in the ‘Ludlow Memoirs’ (i. 16) he is said to have been “dismissed for refusing to permit the Earl of Strafford to escape.” (29) During the struggle between the King and Parliament the command of the Tower was an object of contention :— “The King made Lord Cottington Constable of the Tower, and placed therein 400 men to keep the City from tumult. But the House of Commons unsatisfied thereat, the King took off the garrison, and left the command of it to d a Lieutenant [Balfour] as_ before.” — Whitelock, Memorials.’ | | | |
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246 NOTES AND QUERIES. [10 s. 1X. Maxcu 28, 1908. (30) Mountjoy Blount, Earl of Newport, was at this time (1641) a compromise be- tween the parties. He was appointed Constable by the King in April or May, and was dismissed by him in December, 1641. Afterwards he commanded in the Royal army. Died in 1666 (‘ D.N.B.’). (31) Lunsford, a colonel in the Royal army, was appointed Lieutenant by the KXing’s warrant, 22 Dec., 1641, but four days later the King yielded to the demand for his removal (State Papers Dom. and DNB), (32) Byron was by the King appointed Lieutenant Dec. 30., 1641, but was removed at the instance of the Parliament in Feb- ruary, 1642. He was created a peer 24 Oct., 1643, and was ancestor of Lord Byron the poet (Whitelock, ‘ Memorials,’ and State Papers Dom.). (33) Conyers, though nominated by the Parliament, proved unsatisfactory to that party, and was removed in August, 1642 (Ludlow, ‘Memoirs,’ and Whitelock, Memorials ’ ). Sir Robert Harlow is by Bayley erroneously classed as Lieutenant. He was—in July, 1641 — ordered to destroy the Cross at Cheapside (Whitelock, ‘ Memorials’); it pote not, however, demolished until May 2, 643. (34) Pennington, elected Lord Mayor of London, 16 Aug., 1642 (and again in 1643), was about the same time appointed Lieu- tenant at the Tower, and held that command until deprived by the Self-Denying Ordi- nance (which prohibited him as a member of Parliament from holding the command) in April, 1645. He was not knighted until June, 1649, and then (with two others) by the Speaker on recommendation of the House. At the Restoration he was convicted of treason, October, 1660, and died in the Tower, 17 Dec., 1661 (Whitelock, ‘Me- morials,’ and ‘ D.N.B.’). (35) West, who had been appointed Lieutenant by Parliament in 1645, was by the London Corporation recommended to General Fairfax when placed in command of the Tower in August, 1647, and was continued in office, although it had been the General’s wish to appoint Col. Tichburne (Whitelock). West was Lieutenant until his death in 1652, when Parliament decreed his funeral (State Papers). Bayley omits West, and incorrectly places “ Titchbourn.” (36) Berkstead, one of King Charles’s judges, found no mercy when apprehended | in Holland, two years after the Restoration. He was hanged at Tyburn, 19 April, 1662 (‘ D.N.B.,’ &e.). W. L. Rurron. Surely Mr. Rutron’s list of the Constables ‘of the Tower is incomplete. Stowe in his Annals’ records the seizure of some land ‘in East Smithfield :— “*Othowerus, -Holinus, Otto, and Geoffrey, Earl of Essex, Constables of the Tower of London, by succession, withheld by force a portion of the same land, that is to say, East NSmithtield near the Tower, to make a vineyard, and would not depart trom it by any means till the second year of King Stephen, when the same was adjudged and re- stored to the church of Holy Trinity.” There is some confirmation of the above in the complaint made by the Prior of Holy Trinity to King Henry J. that Othwer, the Constable of the Tower, took away a part of his (the Prior’s) soke by force, and that Aschville, the successor of Othwer, would not relinquish it. Although King Henry granted a writ, the matter was de- layed until his death. Then the Prior Norman approached King Stephen, who summoned Aschville to his presence, and demanded of him by what right he held the land. Aschville answered that he ‘claimed nought: he held it.” Then the King ordered an inquiry, and twenty-one of the citizens made oath respecting the matter. The lands seem to have been again seized by Geoffrey de Mandeville, Earl of Essex; but on his downfall he restored the land, and King Stephen con- firmed it to the Prior. Thus it is certain that there were Constables of the Tower between 1108 and 1143 who do not appear in Mr. Rurton’s list. In the time of Stephen, Garnerus de Iseni was Constable of the Tower (‘ Campbell Charter,’ xiv. 24). He must therefore have been Constable before Richard de Luci— not after him, as suggested by Mr. Rutron. D. M. BR. 2. THE SHAKESPEARE MemoriaL.—The ap- pointment of an executive committee for the erection of a Shakespeare memorial in London recalls the interesting proposals brought forward in 1820 with a similar purpose. John Britton in his chaotic auto- biography (Appendix, pp. 20-21 of the quarto edition) gives a brief summary of the incident :— “A project was originated in the year 1820 for the erection of a magnificent edifice to the memory of Shakespeare, in the nature of a museum, cenotaph, or temple; and its promoters agreed to select
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10 S. IX. Maren 28, 198.) NOTES AND QUERIES. 247 Stratford-upon-Avon as the most desirable site for such a monument.” Britton contended that as London was “the theatre of his fame,” it was the more suitable place for the memorial. Consider- able discussion followed, RK. B. Wheeler replying at length; but the proposal did not receive serious support, and was ulti- mately abandoned altogether. Britton writes of his proposal :— ‘* My own idea of the memorial to be erected may be gathered from some memoranda which I made at the time. I contemplated the erection of a spacious building to include a gallery for pictures, busts and bassi-relievi of Shakespearian subjects, with a fine statue of the poet in the centre: adjoin- ing this apartment I intended another for a library to contain every edition of the works of the great dramatist, and of his numerous commentators; a theatre for the delivery of illustrative lectures on mot and the drama, with a saloon for holding requent — meetings: the establishment to be supported by annual subscriptions of members, who would thereby become entitled to admission to the edifice, and to every advantage to be afforded by such a plan.” The idea of making a national memorial into a subscription-supported club is not practical; but there are suggestions in Britton’s plan worth consideration. ALECK ABRAHAMS. 39, Hillmarton Road, N. “THE TELEGRAPH, 1797.—Among_ the many newspapers not mentioned by An- drews, Fox Bourne, Grant, and _ other historians of journalism is a periodical with this name, issued during 1796 and the first few months of 1797. I have not seen copies, but have a MS. note giving this as the period of its existence, and also stating that Christie on 14 March, 1797, sold the copyright and plant of what was described as a ‘fashionable and generally circulated newspaper.” ALECK ABRAHAMS. “TELEPHONIC”: EARLY USE OF THE Worpv.—Every Saturday, of Boston, U.S.A., said on 22 Sept., 1866 :— “The French Government are about establishing | on the more exposed points of the coast asystem of | telephonic signals. One has already been placed at. | the western extremity of Ushant. It isan immense trumpet, secured vertically at the summit of a reservoir of compressed air, which is supplied by a van whose fans are turned by two horses.” It need scarcely be said this is a fog signal. O. H. Pittsburg, Pa. "i SHEEP AS WEATHER PROPHETS: FRISKY Hoacets.”’—Of folk-lore concerning sheep there is not much, and so anything is of interest. One-year-old sheep at this time of the year are frisky when changes of the weather are probable, and they frisk like little lambs. It is said of them that when they play in March some change in the weather is coming. One-year-old sheep are known as “ hogs,” hongs,’’ and “* hoggets,”’ the last name being the most common. TuHos. RATCLIFFE. Worksop. ‘THe Drapo-Lapy’: A Kry.—Below give a key to “ The Diabo-lady....a Poem. Dedicated to the Worst Woman in Her Majesty’s Dominions,” by William Combe, 1777. The satire attracted a good deal of attention in its day. P. 72, 1.8. First appeared ’”—Margaret Caroline Rudd. P. 72, note. Sir T** F**—Sir Thomas Frankland. P. 73, 1. 5. ‘* Next **”— Henrietta, Countess Grosvenor. P. 74, 1. 6. ** Treacherous D**”—Camilla, Coun- tess of Dunhoff. P. 76, Ligonier. P. 76, 1. 7. A***—Vittorio Alfieri. P. 77, 1. 3. “ Old **”—Lord Irnham. P. 77, 1. 5. **’s Case >—Lord Pembroke’s. P. 77, 1. 11. ‘* ***, once fair’”—Caroline, Countess of Harrington. P. 77, note. General C*—General Craig. P. 77, note. Secretary at War—Wiilliam, 2nd Vis- count Barrington. . 78, 1. 11. now pressed ”*—Mary, Countess of Strathmore. P. 80, 1. 1. ‘‘Then next moved” — Elizabeth, Duchess of Kingston. P. 86, 1. 8. O—, Anne, Ossory. P. 86, 1. 8. B—, Lady Sarah Bunbury. P. 86, 1.8. E , Grace Dalrymple Eliot. s bride ”—Lord Beauchamp. “wanton ***”—Penelope, Viscountess Countess of Upper P. 86, 1. 8. B—, Emily, Countess of Barry- more. P. 86, 1. 9. H——, Mrs. Horneck. P. 86, 1. 9. T——, Frances, Countess of Tyr- connel. P. 89, 1. 1. B——, Anne Spranger Barry. P. 89,1 1. , Mary Anne Yates. P. 89, 1. 2. A——, Frances Abington. P. 89, 1. 2. B—, Sophia Baddeley. Most of the above names appear in the “ Téte-a-Téte Histories’? of The Town and Country Magazine. Horace BLEACKLEY. Fox Oak, Hersham, Surrey. {For a key to ‘The Diaboliad’ see ante, p. 227.] STANDARD THEATRE, SHOREDITCH.—This theatre, situated on the western side of Shoreditch High Street, between the historic Holywell Lane and George Street, a narrow thoroughfare which runs the whole length of its northern side, has now been converted into a variety theatre or music-hall under the name of “ Olympia, Shoreditch.” Tho Standard Theatre for a great number | | 2 Ss 1 Vv n y ry a d Ps 10 d 18 ut 18 16 n- in er ar ni ve p- ial als lar he of 4 ory ph, | ect
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248 NOTES AND QUERIES. (10 S. IX. Marcu 28, 1908. of years was the principal home of the legitimate drama for London east of the City, and its passing, as such, deserves, I think, a record in ‘N. & Q.’ Under the management of the late Mr. John Douglass and his sons, the Standard acquired, too, a great reputation for pantomime, a branch of theatrical representation in which it used to be regarded as a good second, if not rival, to Drury Lane. In the seventies it was perhaps at the height of its glory, its enormous stage especially fitting it for spectacular displays, and this again justified its title to be regarded as the Old Drury of the East End. The making by the London County Council of the new thorough- fare known as Great Eastern Street, cutting as it did diagonally across the northern end of the theatre, necessitated a partial reconstruction, after which it was called The New Standard Theatre. The character of the theatre, like the taste of its patrons, had greatly changed recently, it being mostly occupied by sensational melodrama, inter- spersed with spasmodic runs of Yiddish plays, during the few years which preceded its conversion into *“‘ Olympia, Shoreditch,” as noted above. G. Yarrow BALpock. OVINGTON AND KIpLine.—I am not aware if the following parallel has been noticed :— “Sailors, whose Immoral Extravagancies have occasioned this Proverbial Speech in India, That in sailing from hence thither, they leave their Con- sciences on this side of the Cape ; and in returning from thence to Europe, they leave their Consciences on the other side the Cape. So that except it be in Doubling the Cape they will scarce allow an East- India-man any Conscience at_all.”—J. Ovington, ‘A Voyage to Suratt, in the Year 1689’ (London, 1696), p. 42. Ship me somewheres east of Suez, where the best is __ like the worst, Where there aren't no Ten Commandments, an’ a man ¢an raise a thirst. R. Kipling, ‘ Barrack-Room Ballads’ (‘ Mandalay ’). W. CROOKE. Lyrton’s ‘Lost Tares or MILetus’: irs Morro.—<A prefatory note, by an editor or the publisher, to ** The Knebworth Edi- tion” of Lytton’s poems, ‘ The New Timon,’ &e., concludes thus :— “ During the summer of 1865, these ‘ Lost Tales of Miletus’—which were eventually published in 1866 by Mr. Murray—were privately and experi- mentally printed, the work in its then purely tentative form bearing upon its title-page the felicitous motto from Wordsworth :— Lone sitting by the shores of Old Romance.” The work that thus appeared with its author's imprimatur is not at the moment available for reference, but it seems not amiss to point out here the misquotation with which it is associated by its later sponsor. The tall fern, “‘of the Queen Osmunda named,” is glorified in these terms in the fourth of the ‘ Peems on the Naming of Places’ :— Plant lovelier, in its own retired abode On Grasmere’s beach, than Naiad by the side Of Grecian brook, or Lady of the Mere, Sole-sitting by the shores of old romance. THomas BAYNE. MINCE” PRONOUNCED ‘“‘ MrnsH.”—Very many persons say “minsh” for mince. ‘won’t minsh matters,’ minsh pies,” and “‘minsh meat” are examples. As a tule, they are old and old-fashioned people who speak thus. TuHos. RATCLIFFE. Worksop. Queries. WE must request correspondents desiring in- formation on family matters of only private interest to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that answers may be sent to them direct. CaRPENTER, 1657: FRANCIS KirKMan.—Who was William Carpenter to whom Francis Kirkman dedicated ‘Lust’s Dominion’ in 1657, and without whose ‘‘favour and command’’ the piece “had never passed the press’? ? There was a William Carpenter, Esq., member of the Commission of Lieutenancy for the City of London during the eighties of the seven- teenth century (Hist. MSS. Commission, Thirteenth Report, App. V.). Is this the same man ? J. Le Gay BRERETON. University of Sydney. Hatt: GasKELL: PENN.—Where can information be obtained of that branch of the ‘‘ Leventhorpe”’ Hall family which resided at Skipton, and Hall’s Close, near Gargrave, and Copy House, 1} miles south- east of Gargrave, all in Yorkshire, during the eighteenth century ? They bore Argent, a fesse between two greyhounds courant sable. What was the name of Peter Gaskell’s father 2? Peter Gaskell was a fashionable doctor of Bath, who married Cristiana Gulielma Penn, the last of the Penn name descended from William Penn, founder of Pennsylvania, by his first marriage to Guli Springett. Cristiana was heir general of the entailed Penn estates, and of her uncle Sir John Fogg, in Pennsylvania. The Gas-
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10 S$. IX. Marcu 28, 1908.) NOTES AND QUERIES. 249 kells were buried at Prestbury Church, near Macclesfield, Cheshire. I shall be very much obliged for informa- tion, as I am seventh in direct descent from William Penn. Wm. PENN-GASKELL HALL. 1118, Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pa. “RIPS AND REPS.’—Some years ago a German student of English was reading ‘The Adventures of Harry Richmond.’ From time to time he would ask me to explain passages. I was quite astonished to find how little English I knew—at all events of Mr. George Meredith's English. I managed, however, to suggest an explanation for most of the difficulties, but “‘ your rips and your reps’’ I had to speculate upon. The next day I went to the Bodleian to look up the expression in the dictionaries. I was unable to find any. ‘ Rip,” of course, I knew, and I assumed that possibly ‘‘rep’’ might be intended as the feminine, but the dictionaries gave no explanation. Will some reader of ‘N. & Q. enlighten me ? THOMAS. [‘‘Rep” is = ‘‘demirep.” See the ‘N.E.D.’ or Farmer and Henley’s ‘Slang and its Analogues,’ not available ‘‘ some years ago.” | Dawson=Cary.—Could any one inform me to what family of Dawsons George Dawson, who lived at Sloane Street, Chelsea, in 1827, belonged ? His youngest daughter, Isabella, married Henry Cary, barrister and clergyman, and third son of the Rev. H. F. Cary, translator of Dante and other works. The marriage took place at St. George’s, Hanover Square, on 11 Sept., 1827. H. F. Cary. “DrivE”: Wxist hear of “whist drives.” What is the origin of ‘“‘ drive”’ in this sense ? D. W. D. “ Canvass.”’—The Elections and Regis- tration (London) Bill, introduced in the House of Commons this session, states that “the Town Clerk shall carry out the canvass of persons entitled to be on the register of electors as soon as possible after the twenty-fifth day of June.” Is the use of “canvass”? in this sensenew? C. T. E. ALDERMEN OF ALDERSGATE WarpD.—I should be greatly indebted to the Rev. A. B. Braven if he would kindly furnish me, through these columns, with a list of the Aldersgate Aldermen from the earliest record to 1450, and from 1625 to 1682. I want in reality a complete list of the Aldermen (for reference purposes in connexion with my history of SS. Anne and Agnes and St. John Zachary, within the ward) ; but as those for the period 1451-1616 are given in Harleian MS. 909 (printed in fac- simile by Price in 1878), and from 1683 onwards by Thomas in his history of the wards (1830), it will be sufficient to give the names (with year of appointment) for the limited periods referred to. McMourray. AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED.— Where can I find the following quotations ? 1. ’Tis sorrow builds the shining ladder up Whose golden rounds are our calamities, Whereon our firm feet planking, nearer God The spirit climbs and hath its eyes unsealed. 2. Your kindness is too much for speaking, But though my mouth be dumb, My heart will thank you for it. J. Grsson. R. L. StTEvENSON AND SCHUBERT.— Stevenson’s poem ‘ The Vagabond,’ in ‘Songs of Travel,’ is said to have been set ‘*‘ to an air of Schubert.” I should be very glad if any of your readers could tell me which ‘air of Schubert” is here referred to. I have searched for it for some time without success. MARJORIE FERGUSON. OF STRAFFORD’S LETTERS.—Some interesting letters from the great Earl of Strafford were published in T. D. Whitaker's ‘Life of Sir George Radcliffe, 4to, 1810. In the Preface it is stated that these letters passed, at the death of Sir George Radcliffe’s only son, by sale, to the Elmsall family, together with the paternal estate at Over- thorpe. Can any one tell me the subsequent fate of these letters, or where they are now ? JERMYN. RoMAN INSCRIPTION CONCERNING COR- BRIDGE.—In Cadwallader Bates’s ‘ History of Northumberland’ is this paragraph :— “Tt is just possible that the Corionototai, the tribe of Brigantes round Corbridge, had indulged in araid on the tribe round Windermere (Genounia, Vinonia). At any rate, Quintus Calpurnius Con- cessinus, prefect of horse, rendered thanks at Corbridge to the sun-god Mithras for assistance in slaughtering a number of Corionototai.” Would any Roman antiquary be good enough to give the authority for this state- ment. Nona LEBOUR. Radcliffe House, Corbridge-on-Tyne. Book on Roaps.—Can any of your readers tell me the title or author’s name of a book giving an account of the conversion of the old main post roads into turnpike ot: on | er en | ns. ng | ry 26. ’ | le in- st | IS | er t's Ise ad a he ty n- mn. he an ch ch ar h- | ng | it, nt | le 1a ne of ui of ‘le S-
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250 NOTES AND QUERIES. fio s. 1X. Maxcu 28, 1908. roads ? become a turnpike road before November, 1764. The post roads were originally intended for equestrian and pedestrian traffic only. As the use of them by waggons and carriages became more general, the roads got into | very bad condition, and in some places. were in a worse state in the middle of the | esighteenth century than they were a hundred | years earlier. E. W. | CoorpER=FRANKs.—In the catalogue of | the Franks Collection of Book-plates in| the British Museum the following entry | occurs :— | *°6802. Cooper, Sir William H., Bart. Arms, | Quarterly, land 4, Kennedy ; 2 and 3, Cooper, with | Franks on an escutcheon. Wm. Henry Cooper, who | succeeded in 1801 as 4th bart., married in 1787 Isabell Bella, daughter and heir of Moses Franks of Teddington, ce. Middlesex.” Are there any descendants of this marriage? Which books of reference shall I consult ? IsRAEL SOLOMONS. 91, Portsdown Road, W. Rosert Stusss oF StamMrorp.—Robert Stubbs, Esq., was, about 1679, the owner of the house at the west end of Browne's Hospital at Stamford, in which the founder of the hospital is supposed to have resided (Wright, ‘Story of the “ Domus Dei” of Stamford, p. 65). Can any one give me information about the family of this Robert Stubbs? He is believed to have been nearly related to, if he is not to be identified with, Robert Stubbs of Barnard’s Inn, | living 1668. TEMPLAR. | GrorGE Stusss.—In the article ‘ Dods- ley’s Famous Collection of Poetry,’ ante, p- 8, a George Stubbs is referred to. Who was he ? R. J. Fynmore. Sandgate. Wetsu Tartan.—I should be obliged by. information concerning the wearing of | tartan by the Welsh—the colours adopted by the principal families or clans, &c., and the date when either it was suppressed, or the custom fell into disuse. Cecit R. PHILutrs. DRYDEN ON Mitton.—Can any of your readers tell me who are the three poets referred to in Dryden's well-known lines beginning Three poets in three distant ages born ? I find ,that in the ‘ Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, by Brewer, Dante is stated to be It is the case, for example, that | the road from London to Holyhead had | changeably. the second poet referred to. But there is a Latin distich by Silvaggi from which it is generally thought that Dryden took his idea, and this mentions Virgil instead of Dante. I should be glad if any one could tell me authoritatively which of the two is correct. P. M. M. Fair Crouch, Wadhurst, Sussex. {Dryden’s lines, which appeared in Tonson’s folio edition of ‘ Paradise Lost,’ 1688, are said to be derived from a Latin distich concerning Homer, Virgil, and Milton :— Grecia Meonidem, jactet sibi Roma Maronem, Anglia Miltonum jactat utrique parem. See the “ Globe Edition” of Dryden’s * Poetical Works,’ p. 622, or Johnson’s * Lives cf the Poets,’ ‘Milton,’ ed. Birkbeck Hill, vol. i. p. 95. Oddly enough, the former calls the author of the Latin lines Salvaggi; and the latter quotes in a note Masson as saying in his * Milton’ (i. 805), ‘* Who Selvaggi was I have not been able to ascertain.” Dryden’s intense admiration for Virgil, and the Latin text just cited, make it extremely unlikely that Dante is meant. The comparison of Homer and Virgil was a commonplace of the eighteenth century. } SWINBURNE TRANSLATIONS.—What trans- ‘lations of the first series of Swinburne’s * Poems and Ballads’ have been made, into what languages, and where are they to be found? What isolated poems have been translated ? RupPERT WONTNER. Dr. Johnson’s Buildings, Temple. [Several poems have been done into Greek verse. | CLroucH.—Can any reader support me in the notion that the pronunciation of this word in the sixteenth century and earlier was as “‘Clew”’ or “Clo” inter- Gero. C. Patt MALL, THE GAME.—Will any reader be so kind as to refer me to any authority in any language giving a full description of the game of pall mall (parle maille), sufficient to enable one to reproduce it ? A. ForBES SIEVEKING, F.S.A. ‘THe ANTIQUITIES OF ST. PETER’S; OR, THE ABBEY-CHURCH OF WESTMINSTER.’ — Dean Stanley in his ‘ Historical Memorials of Westminster Abbey,’ 3rd ed., 1869, Pre- face, p. x, has ‘‘ ‘ Antiquities of St. Peter’s,’ by J. Crull (usually signed J. C., sometimes In my copy, 3rd ed., 1722, the Dedication of vol. i. to the Earl of Orrery is signed H. S., and that of vol. ii. to Sir Richard Steele is signed J. R. Allibone, s.v. Crull, Jodocus, M.D., calls the book ‘ Antiquities of St. Peter in the Abbey Ch. of West- minster,’ naming two editions, viz., “1711, 8vo; 1722, 2 vols. 8vo. Possibly Dean
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10S. 1X. Marcu 28, 198.) NOTES AND QUERIES. 251 Stanley referred to the first edition, appa- rently in one volume. How are the initials H. S. and J. R. to be explained as meaning J. Crull? Was vol. ii. by another hand ? The two volumes are separately indexed, but the Errata et Corrigenda of both are given in vol. i. RoBerT PIERPOINT. CHALK FARM, FORMERLY CHALCOT Farm, N.W.—Can any reader tell me where I can get some information as to the proprietor or proprietors of this farm from 1800 to. 1850 ? C. H. Replies. LATIN PRONUNCIATION. (10 8S. ix. 81, 131, 175.) WE call ourselves a_ practical people, but I doubt if any practical end will be attained by the adoption of the new system of Latin pronunciation which has been re- commended by the Board of Education. A few foreign scholars may be in favour of it, but there is little prospect of its employ- ment in foreign schools. I agree with Pror. SkEeAT that “our absurd prejudices render us the laughing-stock of intelligent foreigners’ ; but this truism does not apply to the pronunciation of Latin. How could it? The foreigners with whom we chiefly come in contact are Frenchmen, Italians, and Germans, who have each their own system of pronunciation, which in every case differs from that which is to be drilled into the heads of our own rising generation. No one will dispute the authority of ProF. SKEAT with regard to questions dealing with the phonology of Anglo-Saxon; but chronology is a matter of fact, and as a member of the Royal Numismatic Society, I hesitate to accept the dictum that “‘ the symbol v is mostly modern.” On the coins of Julius and Augustus we find the names written as IVLIVS and avevstvs. Con- temporary evidence of this nature is worth more than that of medieval manuscripts. The form of the Greek Y appears to indicate that V was earlier than U. In medieval MSS. a new form of script of uncial type was adopted. It is not necessary to go to recondite sources for a proof of this conten- tion. On p. 284 of The Pall Mall Magazine for the current month of March is a facsimile of a page from a seventh-century Psalter. It will be seen that besides the letter U, the letters D, M, and others vary greatly from those employed in inscriptions. It | Henry I. ? can, however, hardly be supposed that the learned experts referred to by Mr. PHrpson 'ean have ignored epigraphical evidence. Perhaps one of them will state on what coin or inscription the symbol U is found of earlier date than V. What is the ‘standard pronunciation’ laid down by the Board of Education ? Not all the gros bonnets of the Classical Association, backed by every assistant master in the United Kingdom, will convince me that the Latin language never changed in pronunciation between the time of Romulus and that of Odoacer. Such a phenomenon would be contrary to all human experience. We will assume, however, that the Board has in its eye the Augustan age of Rome. Pror. SkEaT couples King Alfred and the Romans. Eight hundred years elapsed between the day when Horace composed his ode to Pyrrha and that on which Alfred made his translation of Boe- thius. Did Alfred pronounce his Latin as Horace did ? Do we ourselves pronounce English as it was pronounced in the time of The Romans had left England before the Anglo-Saxons came in. The latter adapted the phonetics of the former to the genius of their own language, and many variations were the result. How many of Pror. SKkeat’s pupils could—without previous knowledge, but solely on a phonetic basis—hit on the Latin word from which the final constituent of Manchester and Winchester, Lancaster and Doncaster, Lei- cester and Gloucester, is derived? Mr. Purpeson says that the c in Latin in geo- graphical names is still hard, whence I conclude that he pronounces the name of the city from which he writes as ‘‘ Workester.” A day or two ago JT asked an Italian friend, a very able and intelligent man, if he thought that ‘‘ waynee, weedee, weekee,” would represent to the mind of his countrymen the celebrated saying of Cesar. He was too polite to laugh, but stared “ consider- able.’ When I asked him how he would pronounce it, he gave the consonants much the same sound as I was taught in an English school, except for a slight twist to the v in veni. In his mouth it was ‘“ vieni.” He also told me that the letter c before ¢ or 7 did not in Latin words have the strong ch sound that it has in modern Italian. I agree with Mr. Curry that if we wish to make ourselves understood on the Con- tinent when speaking Latin, it would be sufficient to give the vowels the Italian sound, and to leave the consonants alone. It may be true that the English say wine, | 1 | | oO ” e y r h : fo) n of d of it R, q on. ad rd ll, OS st- an.
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2 NOTES AND QUERIES. fio s. 1X. Marci 28, 1908. and that King Alfred pronounced vinum weenoom ; but the Italians have said vino from time immemorial, and they have at any rate the argument of local continuity on their side. The Board of Education intends, no doubt, to make for progress ; but as many crimes—or follies—have been committed in the name of progress as in that of liberty, and if a sense of humour were cultivated among the assistant masters, it might not be a bad thing. ‘‘ We kiss *im by turns” has been known to set even a Girton girl laughing. As for the “ re- formed’ system becoming universal, the Church of Rome, which never changes, has to be reckoned with. W. F. Pripravx. Grand Hotel, Pallanza. Are there not questions and difficulties still outstanding in connexion with the attempt to restore the classical pronuncia- tion ? Might I adduce one or two, though they may chance to be based only on my own ignorance ? V to have the value of w ; is this certain ? Is it certain it had not an intermediate value, like the German w? One would hope it might prove so, in order to assimilate the sound somewhat to our v. Qu: is it certain this combination was always =kw ?_ Ifso, what is the explanation of the alternative orthographies quum and cum, quotidie and cotidie, and other such ? One would give much to know how that common particle quum or cum really sounded from a Roman tongue. Then there is that other little three-letter adverb jam which we commonly write and pronounce as if it were so much confectionery : how did that sound ? Apparently more like the full- mouthed Teutonic affirmative, or the inter- jection of defiance in the little vulgar boy’s vocabulary. C always=k: proof of this as before all vowels must be very difficult. It seems likely that it had a modified or softened k sound before the vowels e and i—not the simple hard k, as before a and 0. Modern Greek kappa is similarly softened, so that it is not easy to imitate a Greek’s pronuncia- tion of xu. However, this may be deemed a needless refinement. Certainly we all ought to have some idea of what the actual sounds of the Latin lan- guage were as the periods of Cicero’s orations fell from his lips, or as Virgil recited to Oc- tavia the majestic hexameters of his ‘Aineid.’ But to use the classical pronunciation com- monly in daily life for ordinary familiar Latin names and phrases is a thing never likely to be accomplished. The obstacle is the influence of the large body of words and phrases that are part of the ordinary speech of educated men, and must therefore needs be anglicized. We are never likely to speak of Kysar and Kikero, or to find ourselves saying, ‘‘ There seems to be a preemah fahkiay case against him” ; but the matter is still soob yoodikay. A. Hastines WHITE. The remarks on Latin pronunciation at the first reference would excite the interest of an American reader, if for no other reason than Mr. Curry’s certainty that no nation can be brought to adopt a thing which has been in use in the best schools of the United States for at least twenty-five years, and within the last ten or fifteen has become virtually universal. I believe I am safe in saying that it has long ceased to be a question among Latin scholars in this coun- try whether or not the ‘‘ Roman’ pronuncia- tion should be used. The contention of Mr. Curry, therefore, that a change from the English to another pronunciation is impracticable, is refuted by the facts as to the United States. It should certainly be as easy for one English- speaking nation to accustom itself to the Roman pronunciation as experience has proved it to be for another. As a matter of fact, the Roman pronunciation, with a single sound for each consonant and vowel sounds differing only in quantity, is very much easier to learn than one which partakes of all the irregularities and vagaries of our English speech. Students who have used the English pronunciation for even the first four or five years of their Latin study acquire ordinarily a ready use of the Roman with about a month’s training. The only thing that can be called a “ difficulty’? in it is the observance of the quantity of the vowels ; but since a considerable familiarity with quantity is essential also to the correct use of the English pronunciation (not to speak of any other reasons), the slight additional effort involved can hardly be urged as a legitimate objection to its use. But perhaps the most remarkable thing in your correspondent’s position, apart from his apparent ignorance of the degree to which the “ new”’ pronunciation already prevails, is the system he himself would favour, which is in effect: Every man his own guide to Latin pronunciation. If no other nation can understand the Englishman’s Latin now, as Mr. CurRRY himself admits, and even cites authorities
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10 8. IX. Marcu 28, 1908.) NOTES AND QUERIES. 253 to prove, it would be an enlivening spectacle is at liberty to find what authority he can to behold a continental or American audience | in the foregoing for a ¢ that is ch, ts, or s. trying to follow him through Ciceronian| It may be suggested, however, that the periods in which might be heard all the fact that for fifty years and more he has sounds known to all the nations of modern known the Roman orator as Sisero and Europe. It seems to be quite unknown to Mr. Curry that the so-called ** Roman” method of pronunciation is not a caprice of some Board of Education, prescribed, |Chichero is no particular proof that the latter would have known himself by either | name. | As to the hard sound of g, the following as he himself would prescribe certain | js commended to your contributor’s atten- sounds, simply because its members happen | tion :— to like them, but is the result of careful | study by philologists of the statements of Latin grammarians and classical writers, and of monumental inscriptions. While, of course, the information thus obtained is comparatively meagre, it is still sufficient to enable us to fix upon a uniform system which certainly approximates to the ancient Roman speech more nearly than any modern language does, and, even if it did not, would be better than the condition exist- ing until within recent years, whereby the scholarly world has had French, Italian, German, Spanish, and English Latin, and, for all I know, as many other varieties as there are nations which teach the Latin tongue. Oddly enough, with the sole exception, perhaps, of consonant v, the evidence for the ancient pronunciation is most conclusive in regard to the very letters whose ‘* reformed ’’ sound your correspondent espe- cially dislikes. I quote a little from it, rather apologetically, and not because I would seem to be giving information about what is well known to classical scholars, but be- cause it is perhaps unfamiliar to Mr. Curry and those who hold like views. Whatever he may be “ willing to believe” as to the sound of the Greek kappa, the following, out of a number of passages which might be cited, seem hardly susceptible of more than one interpretation :— quidem in nullis verbis utendum puto, nisi que significat, etiam ut sola ponatur. Hoe eo non omisi, quod quidam eam quotiens a sequatur necessariam credunt, cum sit ¢ littera, que ad omnes vocales vim suam_ perferat.” —Quintilian, L, vii. 10 **(Juamvis in varia figura et vario nomine sint i et q etc, tamen quia unam vim habent tam in metro quam in sono, pro una littera accipi debent.” —Priscian, Keil, vol. ii. p. 13. supervacua est, ut supra diximus; que quamvis scribetur nullam aliam vim habet quam ec.” ~-Priscian, Keil, vol. ii. p. 36. “Ex his quibusdam supervacue videntur ¢ et q, quod ¢ littera harum possit implere.”—Diomedes, Keil, vol. i. p. 423. The objector to the Roman pronunciation “C etiam et g, ut supra script, sono proxime, ‘oris molimine nisuque dissentiunt.” — Marius | Victorinus, Keil, vol. vi. p. 32. It must be admitted that this, as well as the remainder of the passage, which I omit, will probably carry no conviction to one who is untouched by the evidence for a hard c. It may be “ inconceivable’ that ¢ should retain its hard sound in such words as avaritia, yet, as we have the statement that it resembled d, and are warned by Pompeius against a ‘‘ pingue nescio quid” in pronouncing such words as etiam, it is hardly evident why we should “ feel sure” that the soft pronunciation was in vogue long before the seventh century. Concerning consonant 7 (the Romans, of course, had no sign for 7), it is a gratifying concession which your correspondent makes, even though he evidently feels that to make it is to destroy the melody of the Latin tongue. Since, however, he makes so much -account of that to which one is used as a standard of speech, I might mention to him that my own English-speaking pupils, having been accustomed to a yam diet, would be as surprised as Horace himself to hear that all the charm of the famous ode to Augustus was in its jam. The discussion of the sound of consonant v would require more space than the limits of this reply allow. Finally, if we had no _ other course, the pronouncing of Latin by modern Italian sounds would undoubtedly be the most practicable as well as the most nearly correct. To urge, however, in face of exist- ing testimony to the contrary, that the language of Italy, while it has undergone such chango in the forms of its words, has experienced in two thousand years virtually none in the sounds of its letters, is almost 'on a par with declaring that the English |pronunciation to-day represents correctly that heard in the early times of the ‘ Anglo- | Saxon Chronicle ’—a thing which I suppose | one of even the most convinced tastes and le ls y y d a 1e n st n 1S n id 1e fe a n- e, or [t h- 18 aS or v4 el i i ir st re sh 1g is 10 by ct to = nt 1g rt Be ly ld un n. he es
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NOTES AND QUERIES. fos. rx. Marcu 28, 1908. distastes in regard to sounds would hardly venture to do. Mary Lreat HaArKNEss. New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A. (We recommend a little shilling pamphlet, ‘ How to Pronounce Latin: a Few Werds to Teachers and Others,’ by Dr. J. P. Postgate (George Bell & Sons), as a good summary of expert views on the subject. ] FENIANS AND WESTERN AUSTRALIA (10 8S. ix. 188, 236).—The best and most complete account of the escape of the Fenian prisoners from Western Australia is contained in the ninth chapter of the ‘ Life of John Boyle O'Reilly, by J. J. Roche. O'Reilly was the first of the Fenians to escape from Western Australia to America. He after- wards assisted in dispatching the Catalpa, an American whaler, to Western Australia, and on that vessel six more of the Fenian exiles succeeded in escaping to America. The Catalpa sailed from New Bedford, Massachusetts, on 29 April, 1875, under the command of Capt. Anthony; and she left Western Australia with the six escaped Fenians on 17 April, 1876. J. F. Hocan. Royal Colonial Institute, Northumberland Avenue. First ENGLISHMAN IN Inpra (10 S. ix. 208).—According to Mr. Kirby’s ‘ Winchester Scholars,’ p. 139, Thomas Stevens entered that college in 1564, aged thirteen, from Bourton, Dorset. According to Messrs. Rashdall and Rait, ‘ New College,’ p. 159, there is no trace of his name in the New College Register of Fellows and Scholars. They add :— “It is unlikely that a Winchester scholar could have been a gentleman commoner at New College, and the absence of his name from the register atfords a strong presumption that he was not a New College man. e was afterwards Rector of the Jesuit College in Sabrette. The impetus to Indian trade in the end of Queen Elizabeth’s reign was in some measure owing to the interest aroused by the reports sent home by Stevens in his letters to his father (see Sir George Birdwood’s ‘Report on the Old Records of the India Office,’ pp. 196, 197; and Arber’s * English Garner,’ vol. iii. p. 182).” He is the subject of a biography in ‘D.N.B.,’ Supp., iii. 355.* Mr. Herbert Chitty in the course of a very learned and exhaustive paper in the Wiltshire Archeological and Natural History Magazine, xxxii. 220, entitled ‘Thomas * A Richard Stephens (who appears to have been an older brother or uncle of Thomas) according to Mr. Kirby (op. cit., p. 132) entered Winchester College in 1558, aged thirteen, from Bushton (? Bishopston), Wilts, and became a Scholar of New College in 1559. As to this Richard Stephens, see 9S. xi. 468; 10S. ii. 35. Stevens, ‘‘ Primus in Indis,”’’ to which I would refer Mr. HisGame, points out that ‘within a month after his arrival at Goa he sent home an excellent account of his voyage to his father, Thomas Stevens, dated 10% November, 1579, and twenty years later this letter was printed in Hakluyt’s * English Voyages’ (IL. ii. 99). The main object of Mr. Chitty’s paper is to ascertain Thomas Stevens’s birthplace, and in my opinion he has conclusively proved that it was Bushton, in the parish of Clyffe Pypard, Wilts. Mr. Chitty shows that in 1571 Thomas Stevens of Bushton ‘“was deemed to be richer than his neigh- bours in this world’s goods,” but had ceased to reside at Bushton by 1576. Possibly he was a recusant and had gone abroad. Any- how, the fact that his son Thomas Stevens the younger did not go to New College may show that he was already a Catholic at heart, though he must have conformed during his schooldays. I know of no evidence that he was acquainted with Edmund Cam- pion. JoHN B. WartNewRIGHT. Lear YEAR (108. ix. 148, 191).—I do not know whether I missed the point of Mr. PICKFORD’S query, but it has always seemed obvious to me that the special lessons from the New Testament were supplied for 29 February, rather than that those which would have come on that day in a regular course should be left unread three years out of four. It does not seem to have been thought. of so much consequence, either in the Old or in the Revised Lectionary, that the Old Testament Lessons for the 29th should *‘ fall through,’ and so they continue in their course, but are read only in leap year. Durham. This query will doubtless be answered by those much more competent to do so than am I, but I reply because I wish to ask a question. Under “ bissextus”’ ‘The Cen- tury Dictionary’ says :— **Since 1662, when the Anglican liturgy was re- vised, the 29th Day of February has been, more conveniently, regarded as the intercalated day in all English-speaking countries.” This would be, of course, in connexion with the Act of Uniformity, which received the royal assent 19 May, 1662, and took effect on 24 August following—St. Bar- tholomew’s Day. To the sentence quoted the ‘ Century’ adds :— “In the ecclesiastical calendars of continental Europe, however, the 24th day of February is still reckoned as the bissextus or intercalary day.”
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together.” 10 8. IX. Marcu 28, 1908.) NOTES AND QUERIES. 255 While the two paragraphs taken together do not absolutely assert, they certainly | iv. 220, has the terse version: ‘* And where |God hath a Church, the Deuill hath a strongly imply that in England, at the date Chappell.” named, the change was made in both the civil and the ecclesiastical calendars, or in that of the Anglican Church. But the ‘ Britannica,’ sub ‘ Calendar,’ without making any reservation, says :— “Tn the ecclesiastical calendar the intercalary day is still placed between the 24th and 25th of February ; in the civil calendar it is the 29th.” Which of these statements conveys the fact ? M. C New York. [See the replies at the second reference.] DEroE: THE Devit’s CHAPEL (10 8. ix. 187).—There is little doubt that the adage regarding Satanic rivalry and_ alertness, concisely expressed in Defoe’s couplet, came into English literature from outside. It is in the comprehensive miscellany which appeared with George Herbert's initials in 1640 under the title ‘ Outlandish Proverbs, Sentences,’ &e., and which in 1651 was reissued with the poet’s name as ‘ Jacula Prudentum. The version with which Her- bert thus falls to be credited is, ‘‘ No sooner is a temple built to God but the devil builds a chapel hard by.’ Among the ‘ Post- humous Poems’ of Herbert’s contemporary, Drummond of Hawthornden, one which is called ‘ A Proverb’ is extended thus :— God never had a church but there, men say, The devil a chapel hath rais’d by some wiles, I doubted of this saw, till on a day I westward spied great Edinburgh’s Saint Giles. With this evidence before us, it is perfectly clear that, considerably before the time of Defoe’s literary activity, English writers had recognized the venerable character of the saying, and that one of them, without evincing the supreme touch that compasses epigrammatic felicity, had at least antici- pated him in the conviction that it merited the distinction of a metrical dress. Tuomas Bayne. Defoe had many predecessors in the use of this saying. The earliest example with which I am acquainted is in Nashe’s ‘ Christs Teares > (1593) in ‘ Works’ (Grosart), iv. 57: “Hath not the diuell hys Chappell close | Other references are George Herbert's | ‘Jacula Prudentum’ and Aleyn’s * History of Henry VII.,’ 1638, p. 136. G. L. APPERSON. In Bancroft’s famous anti-Puritan sermon 'of 9 Feb., 1588/9, p. 30, we find: *“‘ Where | Christ erecteth his church, the divell in the 'same church-yarde will have his chappell,” |the saying being attributed to Luther. The reference is, I suppose, to his ‘ Von den 'Conciliis und Kirchen,’ 1539 (° Werke,’ led. 1826-57, xxv. 378): “Da nu der Teufel sahe dass Gott eine solche heilige Kirche bauet, feiret er nicht, und bauet seine Capellen dabei, grésser denn Gottes Kirche ist.’ So also Melbancke’s ’ Philo- timus,’ 1583, sig. E 1: ‘“* Wher God buildes a church, the deuill builds a chappell.” Several other instances could. I believe, be found before the close of the century. R. B. McKerrow. [Mr. E. Yarprery also thanked for reply. WuitE Ensign: NATIONAL FLAG (10 8. ix. 128, 154, 174).—The correctness of the latter part of D.’s reply at the second refer- ence seems open to question. As regards the Union flag or Jack, as it is generally called—there was some considerable corre- spondence a few years back, to which refer- ence might be made. The Jack may be the official national flag, but it is not the national flag in the sense of the flag which all of the nation may hoist, in the manner that, for instance, a Frenchman hoists the tricolour. The Jack is strictly the flag flown by an Admiral of the Fleet ; see the Order in Council quoted in the earlier corre- spondence. Formerly generals and many other officials flew the Jack. But now, for the army, this flag is ‘“ differenced” by the addition of a shield with crown and crossed swords in the centre; whilst the Jacks of ambassadors, the Viceroy of India, Governors, consuls, &e., are all ** differenced ’’ by central badges. It seems doubtful whether the Jack is strictly the flag that should be displayed on the Victoria Tower or Government offices; and even ranking churches and schools as Government adioyning to Gods Church?” The same writer in ‘Have with you to Saffron Wal- den,’ 1596 (‘ Works,’ iii. 98), says: ‘‘ As like a Church and an ale-house, God and the divell, they manie times dwell neere Dekker, in his ‘ Rauens Al- buildings, their claim to the Jack seems equally doubtful. Those who, like Lord Meath and Lord Rosebery, are doing such excellent work in presenting the Union Jack to schools, and stimulating the patriotism of the rising generation, are, according to manacke’ (1609), in ‘Works’ (Grosart), some authorities, guilty of irregular, if not | L | | |
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256 NOTES AND QUERIES. [10 8. IX. Marci 28, 1908. illegal acts. In the former correspondence above alluded to it was related by me how, within my knowledge, a non-official was imprisoned for insisting on flying the Jack in an Indian cantonment; and the action of a consul towards an archdeacon who was guilty of the same terrific offence was further instanced. Last year a correspondent in The Times related how a local Bumble had called upon a rector to lower the Jack flown by him at aschool. And as the absurd regulation now stands, Mr. Bumble may not have been wrong. I fly the Jack on a tower of this old castle, and, as every Swiss has a right to hoist the Federal flag, I am supposed to be within my rights in flying what is believed to be my national flag, and no Bumble molests me. A remedy has been suggested by me in The Times and in ‘ N. & Q.’ more than once. In several foreign countries the official flag differenced’? from the national flag by the addition in the centre of the royal arms, as in fact is done in our own country in respect to most official departments. Our Government has only to carry this system one step further, and by an Order in Council to prescribe for the use of the Admiral of the Fleet or the navy, a shield with, say, a crown and anchor in the centre, and for all other official departments, say, the crown and royal cipher as their badge, and the Union Jack, without the official centre, 1s then left free for the use of all Britons at home or abroad. Such an Order would be welcomed by all Britons through- out the Empire, and would satisfactorily dispose of the present inconvenient position. J. H. Riverr-Carnac. Schloss Rothberg, Switzerland. P.S.—I am reminded that the use of the Red Ensign (a red flag with a small Jack in the corner) is open to all His Majesty’s subjects. But the Briton loves his Jack, and would not willingly accept the lopsided substitute proposed. Is If, as stated by Mr. Howarp Coins at the last reference, it is a fact that the Royal Standard “has been restricted to His Majesty’s own personal use,” [ think | it is much to be regretted. The Royal Standard is the prettiest English flag there is, and during Queen Victoria's reign (and before, too) it always formed the most prominent piece of decora- tion at all public festivals. Seo, for example, the old illustrations of any public event, whether in the streets of London or on the | Thames. But of late it has not generally (though it has occasionally) been used for decoration. The result of its disuse is that the coming generation do not know it when they see it. The popular use did no harm that I can see, but the contrary. When the late Emperor of Russia was in London, he objected, I have heard, to the Russian Imperial flag being flown in our streets. The result is that not a soul in England has the slightest notion what that flag is like. If the Royal Standard were flown, as a sign of gladness, over a house in the Strand, would any one imagine the king resided there ? RavpH THOMAS. D. states that the White Ensign ‘is the flag of the royal navy.” As this is open to misinterpretation, may I add that it is also the flag of the Royal Yacht Squadron—a yacht club stationed at Cowes, I.W.—any one of its several hundred members being entitled to fly it on his own yacht, by the special permission of the Admiralty contained in an ‘ Admiralty warrant” ? What is D.’s authority for saying that ‘the right flag for a church is the National or Union flag’? F. Howarp Corrs. Torquay. {We assume D. means that the National or Union flag being in order on any occasion it cannot be out of order tor a church. ] ‘ENGrIsH MINSTRELSY’ (10 8. ix. 179). —The materials of this collection were selected, arranged, and edited by Walter Scott. Its chief interest perhaps lies in its including Coleridge’s * Love’ in the version which—under the title of ‘ Introduction to the Tale of the Dark Ladie’—had ap- peared in The Morning Post, 21 Dec., 1799. This editio princeps Scott infinitely preferred to the revised and curtailed version in ‘Lyrical Ballads,’ vol. i., ed. 1800. He says so, I think, in a letter (‘ Familiar Letters of Sir W. S.,’ 1893) to Miss Smith (afterwards Mrs. Bartley), the tragedionne who playec Donna Teresa in Coleridge's _play ‘ Remorse’ at Drury Lane in January— February, 1813. L. A. W. will find that Lockhart has duly recorded Scott’s connexion with ‘ English Minstrelsy,’ which, he says, “ John Ballan- tyne & Co. published in the summer of 1810” (* Life of Sir W. S.,’ chap. xx.). On 2 March, 1810, Scott sent an early copy to his friend Morritt, then at Portland Place, W., with -a letter which Lockhart prints at length. In the Index to the ‘Life’ the book is _teferred to under ‘ English’—not under
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me mm 10 S. IX. Marcu 28, 1908.) NOTES AND QUERIES. 254 ‘Minstrelsy» — which doubtless explains L. A. W.’s inability to find any mention of it. Wordsworth’s ‘Tintern Abbey’ is also in this collection. Tuomas HUTCHINSON. ‘English Minstrelsy’ was edited by William Erskine, Lord KXinnedder, with the assistance of Sir Walter Scott; vide ‘The Scott Ex- hibition, 1871, Catalogue,’ Edinburgh, 1872, p. 146, note on item 377, ‘Sketch of the Life and Character of the late Lord Kin- nedder.’ J. T. JOHNSTONE. 24, Dundonald Street, Edinburgh. According to Lowndes, * English Min- strelsy: being a Selection of Fugitive Poetry,’ &e., was ‘“‘made by John Ballan- tyne, under the guidance of Sir Walter Scott.” This seems not unlikely, although the statement is somewhat hard to cor- roborate. The work is not referred to in the notices given of Ballantyne in Cham- bers’s ‘ Eminent Scotsmen’ and Anderson’s * Scottish Nation,’ nor is it mentioned in the fairly comprehensive introduction which Motherwell in 1827 prefixed to his ‘* Min- strelsy Ancient and Modern.’ Tuomas BAYNE. Luminous Owts (10 8S. ix. 171, 218).— Folks used to talk, when I was a lad, about **sheeny owls,’ which could be seen in the dark; but the name had reference, so far as I can remember, to the round eyes of the bird, which sent out light enough to enable it to see its food. Tuos. RATCLIFFE. Worksop. ‘Lance Lea,’ IrtsH Sone (10 8. 129).—This Anglo-Irish song was to an air dating from about 1760, and was known as ‘New Langolee,’ to distinguish it from an older, and far different, air, “Old Langolee.’ ‘Old Langolee’ was also known as ‘The Humours of Ballymagairy,’ and Goldsmith wrote a song to the air, which he introduced into ‘She Stoops to Conquer’ (“Ah me! when shall I marry me?”’), in 1773, subsequently arranged by Beethoven. The earliest reference to ‘New Langolee’ is in 1774, by the Rev. Dr. Campbell, an Irish rector ; and the air was printed by Thompson in his * Country Dames’ in 1775, and by Aird in 1782. Robert Burns, writing to Thomson on 7 April, 1793, says :-— “The ‘Banks of the Dee’ (song written by John | Tait, of Edinburgh, in 1775) is, you know, literally | . Langolee’ in slow time. You are quite right in inserting the last tive in your list, though they are | certainly Irish.” | In Wilson’s ‘St. Cecilia’ (1779) there are two songs to the Irish air of * Langolee,’ i.e., ‘ New Langolee. John O'Keeffe also (1780) wrote a song to it. The present song dates only from 1800, and was printed in Crosby’s ‘Irish Repository’ (1808). Gior- dani introduced the air into his * Medley Overture’ in 1779; and finally Tom Moore set ‘Dear Harp of my country” to it in 1815. W. H. Gratran FiLoop, Mus.D. Enniscorthy. This song is to be found in ‘ The Universal Songster,’ vol. ii. p. 215, with the title of ‘Paddy Bull's Expedition,’ with Collins as the author. There are six stanzas. The first is as follows :— took my departure from Dublin's sweet And! for England’s own self through the seas I did plough ; For four long days and nights I was tossed up and down, Like a quid of chewed hay in the throat of a Cow} While afraid off the deck in the ocean to slip, sir, I clung like a cat, fast hold for to keep, sir, Round about the big post that grows out of the ship, sir; Oh! Inever more thought to sing ‘ Langolee.’ Here is the last stanza :— Ough! long life to the moon for a fine noble creature, That serves us for lamplight each night in the dark ; While the sun only shines in the day, which by nature Wants no light at all, as you all may remark ; But, Do for the moon, by my sowle, I'll be bound, It would save the whole nation a great many pounds, sir, To subscribe for to light him up all the year round, sir, Or I ll never sing more about * Langolee. This version does not agree with F. F. K.’s in every detail; notably ‘ Langolee’ is given instead of ‘Lang o’ Lea. * Him”’ in the last line but one apparently means the moon. ROBERT PrERPOINT. WoRDSWORTH AND BROWNING (10 5S. viii. 466; ix. 33, 93).—If it be granted that Wordsworth was a consistent writer (and it is generally argued that his genius was, at all events, not erratic), the ideas of his philosophy of Nature, and the expressions under which he interpreted it, must be re- garded as of like character throughout his work. On this ground Mr. BayNe’s explana- tion of the sonnet referred to seems to me | to be the only possible one. The ~ Being” of the sonnet is identically the ‘‘ Presence ”’ of the Tintern Abbey reflections, the ** Wis- ,;dom”’ of the ‘ Prelude,’ and the “ Being ” : : | 3 | | ot ). q n n )- d 3 n le ur h 4 4 iy sh n- h, id th h. is | er
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NOTES AND QUERIES. (10 8. 1X. Mane 28, 1908. 258 of * The Excursion.’ What else have we in| to the sense of Wordsworth’s sonnet. the sonnet than an iteration of the thought Stretched on the Procrustes bed of his theory of structure, this sonnet is visited in the first-mentioned of these poems ? with distortion and collapse. W. Bz. It also celebrates indeed A sense sublime Of something far more deeply interfused, Whose dwelling is the light of setting suns, And the round ocean and the living air, Barro’s Poems (10 8. vii. 449; viii. 175). —What Jacques Casanova says about And the blue sky, and in the mind of man : | Giorgio Baffo and his ee is, I think, A motion and a spirit, that impels be orth noting. See “Mémoires de Jacques All thinking things, all objects of all thought, | Casanova,’ Bruxelles, J. Rozez, or Paris, And rolls through all things. | Garnier fréres, vol. i. chap. i. Baffo, having Again, Wordsworth never uses the word been a great friend of Gaétan Joseph Jacques * Being” to describe any inanimate object. | Casanova, dancer and comedian, father of He personifies the sea, but never under Jacques, remained after the former’s death His usage in this respect | a good friend to the widow Zanetta and the this designation. : boy. is illustrated with precision in the * Elegiac Stanzas on Peele Castle :— How perfect was the calm ! it seemed no sleep ; No mood, which season takes away, or brings : 1 could have fancied that the mighty Deep Was even the gentlest of all gentle Things. The variant adduced of date 1836 is no proof that the poet intended this to convey his personification of the sea more distinc- tively. It undoubtedly obscures the pression of universal Power of which he spoke, and whose activity is exem- plified in the thunder of the sea. He there- tore refrained from finally adopting it. In order to make his interpretation square with a general principle in art, Mr. Forp propounds a novel theory of sonnet structure. This is quite inaccurate. To say, as he does, that the thought of a sonnet is to be found “in the close” is to stamp that graceful literary form as a_ singularly irrelevant sort of composition. Blanco White’s fine sonnet has, it is true, an epigrammatie conclusion; but it is none the better a product for that. The sonnet, as a rule, has a perfectly balanced strain of thought from beginning to end. The sonnets of our best sonneteers are all of this nature—those of Shakespeare, Milton, Wordsworth, Keats, Hartley Coleridge, Mrs. Browning. Rossetti. Mr. Watts-Dunton settled this matter once and for all when he declared the end of the true sonnet to be “that a single wave of emotion—when emotion is either too deeply charged with thought, or too much adulterated with fancy, to pass spontaneously | into the movements of pure lyric—shall be embodied | in a single metrical flow and return. The whole sonnet, in fact, is laden with thought: it is not distinguished by the occurrence of “an isolated thought” just before it reaches the close of an inconsequent existence. The result of Mr. Forp’s inter- pretation is, it must be added, disastrous vy. At the age of eight Jacques was in feeble health from frequent hemorrhage. Baffo consulted the famous physician Macop at Padua, who advised in writing that the boy should have change of air, arguing that the thickness of the blood was caused by the air (7.e. of Venice) which he breathed. Consequently he was taken to Padua, where he became healthy and strong. He speaks of Baffo as “sublime génie, poéte dans le plus lubrique de tous les genres, mais grand et unique,” saying that to him he owed his life. He remarks :— “Les inquisiteurs d’Etat vénitiens auront par esprit de piété contribué & sa eélébrité; car, en persécutant ses ouvrages manuscrits, ils les firent devenir précieux: ils auraient di savoir que spreta exolescunt.” There is more about Baffo in the same chapter, e.g., he as well as the Abbé Grimani and the widow Casanova took Jacques to Padua by the Brenta Canal in a burchiello, which is duly described. It appears to have been like what we call a “ houseboat.” This was in 1734, and Casanova says that Baffo died twenty years later, the last of his ancient patrician family, The dictionaries (e.g., *Biographie Universelle’) give 1768 as the date of his death. It is interesting to note that Bonneau’s copy of ‘Le Poesie di Giorgio Baffo’ (see 10S. vii. 449) had belonged to Lord Pem- broke. Very possibly this was Casanova’s friend (see Rozez ed., v. 445, or Garnier ed., vi. 385, &c.) the tenth Earl of Pembroke. RosBert PreRPornt. Tue “ Hazet” Porirics (10S. ix. 126). —The blackthorn is hardly political. Its use may be known from the formula ‘* Wher- ever you see a head, hit it.” The hazel with its lithe length has been used politically. It is of all trees the one needful for driving cattle. Hence its use by the Irish of to-day. Joun P. STILWELL. q
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= 10 8. IX. Marcu 28, 1908] NOTES AND QUERIES. 259 Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &e. Fynes Moryson’s Itinerary. 4 vols. (Glasgow, Mac- Lehose & Sons.) Few books of travel have the peculiar and intimate | charm to be found in that of Fynes Moryson, whose ‘ Itinerary’ is now chars in full for the first time since its original publication in 1617. |The volumes before us are replete with interest. In addition to , much discerning discourse on the ground traversed, the cities visited, and the price of meals in each | place (the last item figuring rather largely in the earlier chapters), we are treated to sundry little wayside incidents or ‘‘ merry accidents.” Here is an extract from a letter to his friend Francis Markham at Heidelberg, describing his journey from Frankfort to Brunswick : ‘* I comming tirst to | the Coach, tooke the most commodious seat, which these my worthy companions (forsvoth) tooke in ill part, yet neither their murmuring nor rude speeches could make me yeeld the place to them.” An evident desire to contemplate all sides of a question appears in his remarks on the origin of the | name of Basel. He speaks of this city as ‘having the name of a Basiliske, slaine by a knight covered with cristall, or of the word Pasell, which in Dutch signifies a beaten path, or of the greeke word Baatdeve, as a kingly city.” A large portion of the first volume is devoted to Italy, more especially Rome and Florence. In the latter place the mention of ‘the Duke’s wilde beasts” is rather astonishing: ‘*The Duke kept fierce wilde beasts in a little round house, namely, tive Lyons, tive Wolves, three Eagles, three Tygers (of black and gray colour, not unlike Cats, but much greater), one wilde Cat (like a Tyger), Beares, who leaped upon our backes from the higher parts of the streete, we passing in the lower part, and snatched from us our hats and other things, while their fathers were no less ready to doe us all injuries, which we were forced to bear silently and with incredible patience.” The party, on the other hand, apparently suffered no molestation at the hands of the Turkish autho- rities of the period, if we except the terrifying conduct of the ‘‘ Agha, who kept the Castle of Jeru- salem, and when we walked one evening on that part of the roofe of our Monastery, whence we had the | fairest prospect into the City, he sent a messenger to command us to retire from beholding the Castle. or otherwise he would discharge a peece of Ordi- nance at us.” The principal danger attending the Protestant lay travellers seems to have been the risk of their ‘religion being discovered by the friars of the monastery, and the author relates the ‘ Tragicall Example” of two Englishmen and two Flemings who had stayed there in the August of the preceding year. __ The journey back to England, by way of Joppa, | Tripoli, Aleppo, Crete, and Venice—during the former part of which the author’s brother, who was _with him, died—is of absorbing interest, and the | volumes—including as they do ‘The History of the Rebellion of Hugh, Earl of Tyrone,’ several | admirably reproduced maps and plans, and disqui- | sitions on the laws and customs of the various | European States—are a most valuable record of contemporary history, life, and manners. As regards | externals, they are all that can be desired, being | bound in the best taste, clearly printed on excellent | paper, and, though by no means small, light and | convenient to hold. | Colonel Nathaniel Whetham: a Forgotten Soldier of | the Civil Wars. By Catherine D. Whetham and Leopards (spotted with white, black, and red, and | Ak used sometimes for hunting), an Indian Mouse | William C. D. Whetham. (Longmans & Co.) (with a head like our Mise, but a long hairie| Mr. WietTiam and his wife began this record taile, so fierce and big, that it could easily kill | ‘tas a contribution to family history with no idea one of our Cats), and wilde Boares.” His com- | of publication. But as new material came to light, ments, too, on the Venice of the day—then on the | the writers were fascinated by the study of the eve of its decline—are of exceptional interest. In the journey to Jerusalem, however, the narra- tive is perhaps at its best, and in the account of the city and the holy places. The author’s atti- tude towards the more legendary of these is that of a devout man, but a good Protestant, as may be observed in the note concerning the spot marked 44 in his ‘‘description of the Citie of Jerusalem and the Territorie.” ‘Here they shew a place where they say (beleeve it who list) that 8. Thomas after the Virgines buriall, did see her both in body and soule assumed into heaven, and that she casting her girdle to him, gave it for testimony thereot, that all others might beleeve it. In my opinion they did well to make Saint Thomas see it, for otherwise hee would never have beleeved it.” The traveller and those with him—among whom were three friars who seemed to have proved them- selves rather trying companions —explored Jeru- salem and its environs with comparatively little discomfort, except for two or three stonings and some slight annoyance at the outset from the inhabitants, who, esteeming them ‘‘ Princes, because wee wore gloves and brought with us shirts, and like necessaries, though otherwise we were most poorely appareled, yet when we went to see the monuments, they sent out their boys to scorne us, | records of the seventeenth century.” A similar pre- | possession in favour of the general history of the | period is, we think, needed to make this book attractive. A large portion of it is occupied by a summary of events in which Col. Whetham plays | no part, and there are large gaps in the history of | his personal movements. ‘We have no special in- | sight provided into his person or manners—none of those little touches which make a man live before us; while the details of the Commonwealth period have been already so extensively sought out and printed in many books that they are familiar to us, and the Puritan style of corre- spondence is dry, if sensible. Col. Whetham came from a Dorset family, and was a well-to-do Londoner when he joined the Parliamentary forces. He was made Governor of Northampton in 1643, and took part in the siege of Banbury. In January, 16489, he bought the lord- ship and manor of Chard ; and in September, 1649, he was made Governor of Portsmouth, a place of great importance owing to the sea trade. It is evident that he was an exceptionally clear-headed and sensible man of affairs. As a member of Parliament he rebuked Cromwell’s proposal to make the Protectorship hereditary in P words of the prophet to Ahab, ‘* Hast thou killed, and also | >
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260 NOTES AND QUERIES. 0s. 1x. Marcu 28, 1908. taken possession?” The authors add: ‘* This is the most dramatic view of Whetham’s character that we possess.” We should rather say that it is the only dramatic touch concerning him in all these pages. Here is the most interesting passage that we have found in the general history involved. From 1652 to 1654 England was at war with Holland, and ‘ the method of impressment was humorously ineffective. In different parts of the country, especially in the maritime counties, men were arrested, given travel- ling money, and told to report themselves at Ports- mouth. Many good seamen hid to escape being pressed, but the ingenious loafer took the obvious advantage which the system offered. He frequented a seaport till pressed, took the conduct-money, visited another seaport, and got pressed again under the same or another name. Thus he obtained a pleasant and fairly regular source of income, while those unfortunate men who really manned the ships were months or years in arrear with their pay. It is not surprising that on one occasion only one man arrived at Portsmouth out of a list of twenty-eight who had received three shillings and sixpence conduct-money.” The style of the book throughout is excellent, and we only wish that there had been more original matter to justify its existence. George Morland. By C. C. Williamson. (Bell & Sons.) Is compiling this biography the author admits his indebtedness to several earlier authorities, notably George Dawe, who was on intimate terms with Morland, and published a biography of him shortly after the painter’s death. Dr. Williamson has succeeded in producing an eminently readable little volume. He traces the career of an extra- ordinary, albeit ill-starred genius from his earliest | days to his death, and supplies a critical disqui- sition on Morland’s methods and works. The life aud character of George Morland as a man and an artist, his intemperate habits, love of debased society, fondness E children and animals, lack of principle, extraordinary industry, added to a_mas- tery of his art, form too complex a jumble of conflicting elements for any cule satisfactory con- clusion to be reached ; and although we cannot say that the present volume is everything that could be wished, within its limitations it is satisfactory. With all his appreciation of Morland’s genius, the author does not attempt to gloss over his moral and social detects. His sottish habits, and utter lack of a sense of honour in meeting his obligations, | are exposed ; whilst his imperfections as an artist are not concealed. Dr. Williamson’s estimate of Morland’s life and character is a fair specimen of his own style :— ‘* Here was a dissolute, drunken man, able to spend the greater part of his time loafing about in evil company, and yet when three parts drunk he could, hy the magic of his genius, produce pictures which in his day passed to his creditors as current coin, and are now of incalculable importance. He was a man of no ambition, content to repeat himself indefinitely, an inveterate potboiler, and possessed of a cynical disregard of anything beyond the desire | to satisfy quickly the immediate cravings of himself or his ereditors, and his productions were the | hasty efforts of a careless craftsman; but yet, owing to some astonishing faculty, they were works of genius, spontaneous, truthful, and the greater sae of them really valuable contributions to inglish art.” In connexion with this delineation Henley’s epitaph is worth quoting :— **Obliging dealers aiding, he coined himself into guineas, and so, like the passionate unthrift he was, he tlung away his genius and _ his life in hand- fuls, till nothing else was left him but the silence and the decency of death.” The book is profusely illustrated with reproduc- tions of Morland’s best-known works, several of which are good examples of artistic colour-printing. The five appendixes, viz., ‘ List of Pictures Exhi- bited,’ * List of Pictures exhibited on Loan’ ‘ Pro- prietors of Paintings,’ ‘Chronological Catal’ogue of Engravings, Etehings, &e.,’ and ‘Short biblio- sraphy,’ should prove of interest to connoisseurs, out are, unfortunately, far from complete. Mr. HigHam writes: —‘‘ The daily newspapers last week furnished some information concerning the removal ot Swedenborg’s body trom its present resting-place in the Swedish Church, Prince’s Square, Ratclitfe Highway, to Stockholm. Coincident with the etforts necessary to accomplish this result has been the issue of the earlier volumes of a new edition of his scientitic works in the original Latin or Swedish. This publication was suggested by a Committee appointed by the Royal Academy of Sciences in Stockholm. Introductions to the volumes are to be furnished by members of the Committee; and its President, Prof. Gustav | Retzius, supplies, in a Preface to Vol. I., an account of the labours ot the Committee. The writers of Introductions are Profs. Alfred G. Nathorst, Svante | Arrhenius, Gustav Retzius, and S. E. Henschen ; and the volumes are being edited by Mr. Alfred H. Stroh of Philadelphia. The last-named is acting as the agent in Sweden of the American Swedenborg Scientific Association, and is also superintending the photographie reproduction of the manuscript of Swedenborg’s ‘Index Biblicus’ on behalf of the Knglish Swedenborg Society. Mr. Stroh has recently issued for private circulation a reproduction of the catalogue of an auction-sale at Stockholm on 28 Nov., 1772, the tirst eight pages of which describe the library of Emanuel Swedenborg, who had departed this life on 29 March in the same year. This pam- phlet will prove useful to future biographers of the vreat Swede, whose influence in literature seems to be extending over an ever-widening-area.” Notices to Correspondents. | We must call special attention to the followsno notices :-— Ow all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for pub- lication, but as a guarantee of good faith. WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately, nor can we advise correspondents as to the value of old books and other objects or as to the means of disposing of them. | F, J. T.—Too scientific for us. NOTICE. We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not _ print, and to this rule we can make no exception. 4
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10 S. IX. Marcu 28, 198.} NOTES AND QUERIES. THE ATHENAUM JOURNAL OF ENGLISH AND FOREIGN LITERATURE, SCIENCE, THE FINE ARTS, MUSIC, AND THE DRAMA. THIS WEEK’S ATHENZUM contains Articles on OUR FIRST AMBASSADOR TO CHINA. MODERN EGYPT. THE ADMIRALTY OF THE ATLANTIC. ANNALI DELL’ ISLAM. THE DUKE’S MOTTO. THE ANCIENT LAW. THE MARQUIS AND PAMELA. THE FLY ON THE WHEEL. ISLE RAVEN. MANY JUNES. THE NIGHT THAT BRINGS OUT STARS. A COMEDY OF MOODS. THE CASTAWAY. THE REISSUE OF THE DICTIONARY OF NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY. INDIA AND THE EMPIRE. THE NEW DOMINION. MEMOIRS OF A RUSSIAN GOVERNOR. EVERSLEY EDITION” OF TENNYSON. NELSON'S LIBRARY. QUI ETES VOUS? ‘THE WESTERN INDEPENDENT’ CENTENARY. NOTES FROM CAMBRIDGE. SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. THE PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRIC WAVE TELEGRAPHY. THE ROMANCE OF STEEL. DARWINISM TO- DAY. TECHNICAL THERMODYNAMICS. CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS. RESEARCH NOTES. TWO BOOKS ON ENGRAVING. EXHIBITIONS OF WORKS BY LIVING ARTISTS. EARLY BRITISH MASTERS. MR. McLEAN’S GALLERY. MARJORY STRODE. THE GRAND GUIGNOL COMPANY. LAST WEEK’S ATHENZAUM contains Articles on LORD CROMER ON MODERN EGYPT. THE PROGRAMME OF MODERNISM. THE VICTORIA HISTORY OF LEICESTER. A FORGOTTEN SOLDIER OF THE CIVIL WARS. NEW NOVELS:—The Heart of a Child; Mothers in Israel; Her Besetting Virtue; A Modern Antique; An Actor’s Love Story; Sarah’s Mother; The Chichester Intrigue; The Gentle Thespians ; The Man who was Thursday; Mrs. Mulligan’s Millions; Rachel Chalfont ; Going through the Mill. ECCLESIASTICAL BIOGRAPHIES. OUR LIBRARY TABLE :—The Complete Mountaineer ; A Century of Political Development ; Venice ; A Roll of Honour ; Toledo; Festschrift of the Congress of Schoolmen; Idlehurst ; The Human Boy Again; Eighteenpenny Illustrated Dickens; Macaulay’s Selected Essays; The Handy Newspaper List ; Two German Booksellers’ Catalogues. NOTES FROM PARIS; MILTONIANA IN AMERICA; ‘CINTRA AND LISBON’; THE BOOKSELLERS’ PROVIDENT INSTITUTION. LIST OF NEW BOOKS. LITERARY GOSSIP. SCIENCE :—Comparative Electro-Physiology ; Two Oxford Physiologists; Anthropological Notes ; Societies ; Meeting Next Week ; Gossip. FINE ARTS :—The Burial Customs of Ancient Egypt; The Whitechapel Art Gallery; Diirer and Rembrandt Prints at Mr. Gutekunst’s Gallery ; Sales; Gossip ; Exhibitions. MUSIC :—Gossip ; Performances Next Week. DRAMA :—Romeo and Juliet ; Ibsen’s Works. NEXT WEEK’S ATHENZAUM will contain Articles on MISS I. A. TAYLOR’S LADY JANE GREY AND HER TIMES. AND NOTES FROM OXFORD. The ATHENAUM, every SATURDAY, price THREEPENCE, of JOHN C. FRANCIS and J. EDWARD FRANCIS, Atheneum Office, Bream’s Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. And of all Newsagents. ji Be: i ey
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NOTES AND QUERIES. 1x. Maxcu 28, 1908! OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS. _ CRITICAL ESSAYS OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. Crown svo, | Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by J. E.SPINGARN. Vol. I. 1605- 5s. net each. 1650. Vol. II. 1650-1685. COLERIDGE’S BIOGRAPHIA LITERARIA AND AESTHETICAL ESSAYS. 8s, net. By J. SHAWCROSS. 2 vols. COLERIDGE’S LITERARY CRITICISM. Feap. 8vo, With an Introduction by J. W. MACKAIL. 2s. 6d. net. [New Volume, Oxford Library of Prose and Poetry. ENGLISH SOCIETY IN THE ELEVENTH CENTURY. Essays in Snglish Mediaeval History. By Dr. PAUL VINOGRADOFF. Scotsman. —‘* Prof. Vinogradof?’s new volume forms a proper companion to his " prior book upon Villainage in 1E ngland...... It displays with a minute and exact learn- aii ing which must make the work invaluable to students of the social history of the 16s. net. period the features of atime of transition......The work embodies an enormous amount of solid and well-digested learning in a field of historical inquiry rich in lessons bearing upon the political and economic problems of to-day.” FREDERIC WILLIAM MAITLAND. Two Lectures and a Bibliography. By A. L. SMITH. Spectator.—‘* This is a tribute of praise worthy of the man to whose memory it is paid—more it would not be possible to say...... No one could be better qualified to ag speak of his work than Mr. A. L. Smith. He knows it well, and he can appreciate 2s. 6d. net. it in a way that shows a real mastery of the subject. W hether he is speaking of the general temper of the man, or of special instances in which he brought an illu- minating genius to bear on problems of history, he always puts the case with remark- able clearness.” BONAPARTISM. 7 Six Lectures delivered in the University of London. By H. A L. FISHER. 3 oat United Service Magazine.—‘‘ The lectures are of surpassing interest, and should OM. ts very widely read and appreciated.” PROSPECTUSES POST FREE ON APPLICATION. London : HENRY FROWDE, Oxford University Press, Amen Corner, E.C. Pub: lished Weekly JOHN C. FRANCIS and J. EDWARD FRANCIS, Bream’s Buildings, Lane, E.C. ; by ARD FRANCIS, Athenwum Press, Bream’s Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C.—sate urday, March 28 3 a
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is ne he us in it to te he lu- k- ld