The Crisis 1926-08: Vol 32 Iss 4
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- PUBLIC LIBRARY eC JU 26 OTRO! EDUCATION NUM AUGUST, 1926 | we 4 * ; * 4 é 3 a.
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After Commencement—What? The SOUTHERN AID SOCI- ETY OF VA., INC., has been a potent instrument in solving that momentous question. While its chief aim is to render a Superior Insurance Protection, Home Office . 525-7-9 N. 2nd St, through its unique Three-in-One Richmond, Va. Policy Contract, yet it has opened wide, to hundreds of young women and men, the door of opportunity. And best of all, our people are appreciating this economic lever to our group more and more each day. Read this: Franklin, Virginia, April 22, 1926 Southern Aid Society of Va., Inc. Richmond, Virginia. Gentlemen: As a practicing physician, it has been my pleasure, during an observation of fifteen years, both as a physician and a policyholder, that your company has always measured up to my ideals of fairness to one’s customers. It has been ay - ~ ca that you are always the first to promptly pay sick and death enefits In recommending you to all prospective policyholders, I am expressing my appreciation of your worth to Negroes, as well as your importance in the eco- nomic development of our group. Enjoying a keen pleasure in adding my most hearty commendation to those which you already possess, I am, Very truly yours, (Signed) FRANK N. HARRIS, M.D. H/w Southern Aid Society of Va., Inc. Home Office: 525-27-29 N. Second St., Richmond, Va. Insures Against Sickness, Accident and Death. Operating in Virginia and District ef Columbia. = = = é = tent FS SRY
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Che Crisis cA ‘Record of the Darker ‘Races (CONTENTS FOR A\ UGUST, 1926 COVER Page A Bachelor of Music from Oberlin PICTURES OF 240 COLLEGE GRADUATES OPINION “The New Demand for College Training’’, ‘“‘Howard’’, “Degrees While You Wait’’, “Will W. Alexander and the South’’, “‘Borah’’, “Zion’’, “A A RECORD OF THE NEGRO AT COLLEGE, Illustrated.............. 167 CARTER GODWIN WOODSON, Ph.D. Twelfth Spingarn Medallist. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED RUBY BROWN. A Peem. Langston Hughes... . 181 COLORED JUDGES. American Negroes on the Bench. Illustrated...... 188 ON READING GRAYSON’S “COLORED”. A Poem. Minnie Hanby.... 190 AN ECHO FROM TOULOUSE, FRANCE. From a Colored American LINCOLN UNIVERSITY. The Reverend Francis J. Grimké, D.D....... 196 Vol. 32, No. 4... Whole No. 190 August, 1926 THe rists MaGaziIne: Published monthly and copyrighted by the National : —_—— = Association for the Advancement of Col- wed People at 69 Fifth ork, N. Y. Conducted by W. E. Burg- | : hardt Du Bois; Jessie Redmon Fauset, The September CRISIS will be a Contributing Editor; Augustus Granville Dill, Business Manager. 15 cents a copy, double number with the first of the $1.50 a year. Foreign subscriptions $1.75. The date of expiration of each subscrip- series of studies of NEGRO EDU- tion is printed on the wrapper. When the subscription is due a blue renewal CATION carried out by THE CRISIS blank is enclosed. The address of a sub- scriber may be changed as often as de- with the help of the American Fund sired, but both the old and new address must be given and two weeks’ notice is necessary. Manuscripts and drawings re- lating to colored people are desired. They must be accompanied by return postage and while THe Crisis uses every care it ———————— assumes no responsibility for their safety —————— in transit. Entered as second class mat- ter November 2, 1910, at the post office at New York, N. Y., under the act of March 3, 1879. for Public Service.
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160 THE CRISIS ADVERTISER | The North Carolina College for Negroes FORMERLY The Durham State Norma! School Will open its fall session September 14, 1926 THE FOLLOWING COURSES WILL BE OFFERED: 1. THE LIBERAL ARTS COURSE Leading to the A. B. Degree and offering sufficient work in Secondary Educa- tion to enable students to secure High School Teachers’ Certificates, Class A, and High School Principals’ Certificates at the cempletion of the course. 2. THE SCIENTIFIC COURSE Leading to the B. S. Degree. 3. THE PRE-MEDICAL COURSE A two-year pre-medical course preparing students for entrance into medical colleges will be given. 4. SPECIAL COURSES IN COMMERCE AND MUSIC The faculty will consist of men and women from the best colleges and uni- versities in the country and will meet the requirements of the Nerth Carolina College Conterence. For Catalog and further information address: THE NORTH CAROLINA COLLEGE FOR NEGROES James E. Shepard, President Durham, N. C. Virginia Union University ||} Lincoln Universit RICHMOND, VIRGINIA Pioneer in Collegiate and Education in Virginia and North Carolina. Theological Education THEOLOGICAL. Lincoln Graduates are Leaders in the various TEACHERS COLLEGE, PRE-MEDICAL. professions and in all parts of the country. LAW, COMMERCIAL. Address: For additional information address The Dean of the University THE PRESIDENT LINCOLN UNIVERSITY CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA School of High Standards and The Cheyne Training School a Rigorous Pace for Teachers WILEY COLLEGE Pan A Pennsylvania State Normal School offering, Marshall, Texas he reguins Normal Academic ears, pro Recognised as Class Cellege by Standardizing courses in ome Shop Agencies. Has en the basis of four quarters A diploma from any of these courses makes a @ year since June, 1921. Graduation in June and d . ; ; a August. Entrance any quarter. Leading colleges and graduate eligible to teach in the public schouls universities represented on its faculty. More than twe of Pennsylvania. Registration Day, Tuesdav, hundred and fifty enrolled in college department. September 14, 1926. First semester will begin $85,000 invested in scientific laboratory and library Wednesday, September 15, 1926. preminenes gives maste For further information and catalog, write M. W. DOGAN, President LESLIE PINCKNEY HILL, Principal Cheyney, Pa. Mention Tue Crisis
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THE CRISIS Vol. 32 No. 4 AUGUST, 1926 Whole No. 190 of W. E. B. DU BOIS # OPINION THE NEW DEMAND FOR COLLEGE TRAINING NOTHING ILLUSTRATES the revolution through which the Amer- ican Negro is passing better than the increasing demand on his part for college training. It used to be a cause of great satisfaction to some of our friends when they discovered a Ne- gro “college” with a half dozen strug- gling collegians, a half hundred high school students and two or three hun- dred students in the grades. This was sufficient to prove to them that the Negro neither wanted college training nor could assimilate it. Today the Slater Fund, which used to be the shrine of those who wor- shipped industrial education to the exclusion and disdain of everything else, has just said through its secre- tary: “The fact is that the need and call of the Colleges have become so urgent that the Slater Board at its recent meeting decided to do what little it could to relieve a sit- uation which has become pressing because of the great increase in the number of stu- dents in the regular four-year college class- es. During the past five years the number has increased from about 1700 to little less than 5000. “For the coming session the Slater ap- propriations will be confined to twenty-one colleges and to the County Training Schools.” The Secretary says further in a private letter: “It seems to me that the great Church Boards have not yet fully realized the situa- tion in which the colleges are with their Increased numb:rs of genuine college stu- dents. I doubt if the Boards have realized that this means increased salaries in order to secure competent college professors. “The Slater Board for next year has cut out all appropriations for private secondary schools so as to give all that it possibly can to the colleges. “As you will see on the page inclosed, the Slater Board has voted $150 a month for nine months to nine institutions, and $100 a month for nine months to eleven institu- tions, which is all we can possibly afford at this time. My idea is that these amounts shall go toward the salary of a professor- ship in either English or some science.” The colleges thus chosen by the Slater Fund are 20 in number of which the 9 leading institutions are: Virginia Union, Shaw, Livingstone, Atlanta, Morehouse, Morris Brown, Talladega, Wiley and Fisk. To these, outside the South, should be added Howard and Lincoln. Here we have a great work of edu- cation desperately needing support, support which it is not getting in any adequate amount. If this support is not forthcoming, several of these colleges will shrivel up and die. But this will not be the end of Negro col- lege education. It will simply mean that the number of students pressing into the great Northern institutions and particularly into the state schools will increase by leaps and bounds. HOWARD THE ELECTION of John Andrew Gregg as president of Howard Uni- versity was a ‘step of great signifi- cance. For the first time in the his- 163 | |
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164 THE tory of the Negro in America a board of trustees predominantly white, con- taining many men of position none too well acquainted with black folk, has put at the head of our leading university a man of Negro descent. It ought to have been possible to have elected a president of Howard with no reference to the color line but it was not. To have added another white man to the long list of men who have presided over Howard would it- self have been racial discrimination. On the other hand it was no easy task to find a colored president. We have not naturally developed much timber of that sort and indeed it is no easy thing to find proper presidents for white institutions. ‘We hoped that Mr. Gregg would do two things: First, accept this great trust with which he was so signally honored and secondly, that he would cut his bridges behind him, give up his place in the church and devote himself untrammeled to his magnifi- cent task. He did neither of these things but declined the election and Mordecai Johnson has been offered the posi- tion. Johnson is a young man—a fine speaker and fearless controvers- alist. He is called to a hard job. May he succeed. In this selection of a successor to President Durkee the alumni of How- ard deserve praise. In the past con- troversy they have not shone with any great brilliancy. There has been too much division, particularism, jockeying for position. But in this selection they seem to have shown un- selfishness and devotion and to have forgotten much of the clannish feel- ing which might have been excusable. If now President Johnson rises to his opportunity and the great body of the alumni stands unswervingly be- hind him, we may be able to show CRISIS America as she has not been shown what an institution of learning can be. DEGREES WHILE YOU WAIT IN A CERTAIN Southern city four colored teachers have been teaching in the high school for periods varying from 20 to 35 years. They are them- selves persons who received no formal training beyond the 10th or 11th grade. The colored people of the city are demanding college graduates to teach in the high school. Whereupon these four teachers have attended classes at a colored college in a neighboring state for about 30 Satur- days, 4 hours per Saturday. This is not enough to give a full year’s credit in even a single subject toward a high school diploma. But the white super- intendent of schools has intimated that these teachers have done enough work to entitle them to a degree. This year, therefore, they are having be- stowed upon them the degree of Bachelor of Arts. | But their pictures are not in this month’s CRISIS. WILL W. ALEXANDER AND THE SOUTH WHAT THE WHITE SOUTH HAS NEEDED for a hundred years is frank and free self-criticism. This it has not had and the reason is Slav- ery and Color Caste. The supposed necessity of defending an outrageous insult to the human race has made the rise of clear, critical, examining inquiry not only unpopular in the Southern states but socially disas- trous and physically dangerous. The one star of hope today is that there are a few young Southerners who are determined to speak out and to examine and to complain. They are doing this tentatively in literature and in art; there is'appearing a |
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AUGUST, Southern gentleman who is just a plain scoundrel and Southern ladies who are a good deal lower than the angels. But in race relations comes even greater hope. For a long time inter-racial committees fiddled away and made believe they were discuss- ing co-operation between the races. But now and then a few of them, and a few individuals, have taken the matter seriously and have gone in for discussicn. And one of these is Will W. Alexander of Atlanta. He went down to Birmingham and talked frankly about “Christian Citi- zenship and Race Relations’. His speech was not radical. He started out by declaring that he did not believe in intermarriage. He stressed cer- tain discriminations that many Southerners admit are unfair: dis- crimination in educational opportu- nity; discrimination in housing; in- justice in lynching. But he also said, in answer to a question, “I cannot de- fend the ‘Jim Crow’ car for I think it works an injustice’. And because of this one sincere and absolutely true statement, Alexander, probably for the first time, has met the white South. He was ordered out of town al- though he did not go; he was tra- duced in the newspapers; and the white preachers declared in a formal resolution that he was not a suitable man “to take the lead in the discus- sion and direction of race relations”’! Then subtle propaganda was issued to the colored folks. They were told that Alexander had retracted his word and were encouraged to get cor- respondingly indignant. The whole situation reminds us of the Middle Ages. Here is something too sacred to talk about, too abso- lutely right to criticize, too porten- tous to be challenged. And what is this Last Word of Truth? It is the average Southern white man’s opin- 1926 165 ion of the Negro. Ridiculous! We hope that Will W. Alexander will stand up and talk out until the South does run him away as it ran off Cable and Bassett and shut up Sledd. One of these fine days this kind of foolishness has got to stop in the South and the land must become civ- ilized. BORAH SENATOR BORAH has several times paid his respects to the four- teenth and fifteenth amendments. After his latest speech the following letter was sent him: “T have been greatly disturbed by your attitude toward the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments. I remember some years ago when you made a speech in the Senate against the fifteenth amendment and recently I understand that in a speech before the National Law School at Washington you said that ‘the en- franchisement of the colored race at the time it was enfranchised was one of the greatest mistakes ever made in this country’. “T write to ask, first, if you would kindly furnish me the exact statement that you made; and, secondly, I, and I think millions of colored people throughout the United States, would like to get a Clearer idea of your atti- tude towards them and towards their rights. I am one who believes that the enfranchisement of the colored people by the fourteenth and fif- teenth amendments was absolutely justifiable and that the result has proved its wisdom. I believe that any other action would have made real emancipation impossible. “I am the Editor of a magazine, THE CRISIS, which circulates largely among educated colored people. I know how busy you are and yet I wonder if you could not find time to make a short, clear statement of your
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166 attitude on the question of the rights of Negroes to vote so that the doubts in our minds could be satisfied. “Personally, 1 am unable to con- ceive that a man of your breadth and knowledge of world events and sym- pathy with the struggling classes can except from your sympathy the twelve million Negroes of the United States.” Senator Borah has replied as fol- lows: “T have said nothing about the thir- teenth amendment. The news dis- patch was wholly erroneous. Of course, I never said emancipation was a mistake. On the other hand, had ‘I been speaking of it at all, I should have said it was altogether the right and noble thing to do. My view of the enfranchisement of the colored man is different. “If you will permit me a little later, Mr. Du Bois, I will write you fully. In the crowded hours of the closing of the session, I havén’t the possible time to write you as the subject and the party to whom I am addressing this letter would require. But I promise you I shall do so a little later. “In the meantime, permit me to say that my views with reference to enfranchisement of the colored people is that which Mr. Lincoln put for- ward. I think it would Rave been the greatest possible benefit to the colored man to have pursued that course. If the colored people could have been dealt with in accordance with the ac- tualities and free from the manipula- tion of politics, they would have been infinitely better off today. “But I shall write you at length later.” We shall await with interest Sena- tor Borah’s reply. ZION THE SECRETARY of the Board of Foreign Missions of the A. M. E. Zion Church in a long letter takes THE CRISIS issue with us as to our criticism of Zion missions. But the points at is- sue as it seems to us are not im- portant. In the first place he says that, instead of sending $1400 to one mission in 1925, “the facts as shown in plain figures” are that “from June, 1924, to December, 1925, just six months, the report shows that we sent in cash to the Mount Coffee Mission $3,938.83”. We confess our- selves astounded and duly chastened. If the period of time from June, 1924, to December, 1925, is six months then we have been mistaken all of our long life and had been under the impres- sion that it was eighteen months. We have a strong feeling that it is little mistakes like this that is getting the finances of the Zion Mission depart- ment somewhat mixed up. But all this is beside the point. The chief point is: Missionaries to Africa cannot live on manna. They have got to have adequate wages and the wages must be paid regularly. What wages are adequate for a missionary the church may judge but it must cease sending people to a foreign land and letting them starve and beg and still expect the Kingdom of God to grow. A GIFT OF $500 “THE ENCLOSED CHECK is my contribution toward the needs of the Atlanta University of which I read recently in one of the numbers of THE Crisis. May I ask you to see to it that the gift is anonymous? “T always read your editorials with much interest, and think that the standard of your contributions from others is a very admirable one. Be- lieve me, with great respect.” CHILDREN’S NUMBER The October Crisis is Children’s Number. All pictures should be im our hands by August 20.
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A Record of the Negro at College 1926 HE number of Negroes attending Northern institutions of higher learn- ing has increased. Incomplete returns from white colleges and universities reveal 1203 students of African descent in college for the year 1925-6. Several institutions have not reported at the time of this writing. Estimating these as carefully as possible, we may put the grand total approximately at 1600. This would be an increase over last year of about 200. Of these over 293 received degrees. Enrollment in Negro institutions has also increased. There are over 7,000 students enrolled in college work in Negro schools this year. Over 1000 degrees were granted by ‘Negro colleges. There were 519 Bach- elors of Arts, 173 Bachelors of Science, 21 Bachelors of Divinity, 1 Bachelor of Sacred Theology, 25 Bachelors of Theology, 35 Masters of Arts, 6 Bachelors of Music, 100 Doctors of Medicine, 72 graduates in den- tistry, 37 in law and 38 in pharmacy. Over 1300 degrees were granted to Ne- groes in the United States during the year 1925-6. This is an increase of 825 over the number granted degrees five years ago or nearly 200 per cent. At Harvard there are approximately 40 Negro students. The students who grad- uated and their degrees are as follows: Cecil A. Blue A.M., Countée Cullen A.M., Thomas D. Pawley A.M., Emilio A. Lanier A.M., William A. Hunton A.M., Warmuth T. Gibbs M.Ed., Farrow Allen M.D., Wil- liam H. Lewis A.B., Frank L. Howard A.B. as of class of 1922. Maceo W. Hubbard LL.B. and Milo C. Murray LL.B. as of class of 1925. Mr. Frank L. Howard was graduated cum laude. Yale University with an enrollment of 8 Negro students granted the degree of Ph.D. to two Negroes this year. They were Miss Otelia Cromwell and Mr. Henderson Hamilton Donald. Miss Cromwell, the daughter of John W. Cromwell, of Wash- ington, D. C., holds the degrees A.B. from Smith and A.M. ‘from Columbia. She specialized in English and wrote her doctor’s thesis on “Thomas Heywood: A Study in the Elizabethan Drama of Ev- eryday Life’. Mr. Donald is a graduate 167 of Howard in the class of 1915. He re- ceived his degree of A.M. in 1920 from Yale. His special field is Sociology and the sub- ject of his doctor’s thesis was “The Negro in Industry”. Charles H. Thompson received the de- gree of Ph.D. cum laude from the Uni- versity of Chicago. Mr. Thompson’s field of study was Education and he is the first Negro to be granted a Ph.D. in Education from an American university. He is an A.B. from Virginia Union University. He received the degree of Ph.B. from Chicago in 1918, A.M. in 1920 and Ph.D. in 1925. Beloit College has 3 Negro students. None is graduating this year. Brown University has 5 Negro students. Harold S. Fleming received the degree of Ph.B. and Helen Dorsey, A.B. The University of Pennsylvania has 40 Negro students and is graduating 24. Wal- ter A. Gay, Rudolph Winston and Valeria E. Caldwell are graduates of the college department. William B. Perry, Jr., entered the University of Pennsylvania in 1923 and is graduating with the A.B. degree in less than 4 years. Ariel Haynes, Edith Mc- Dougald, Daniel Brooks, Ruth A. Scott, Ella P. Webb and Marian Rolland are graduates from the School of Education. William A. Warrick graduated from the Medical School. Anna F. Brodnax, Marie S. Chase, Myrtle C. Henry, James A. Thompson, Chauncey N. Wilson, Joseph R. Fuget, Thomas H. Miles, Clarence L. E. Monroe and Jessie B. Arkins received degrees from the Graduate School. Thos. J. Batey, William A. Bragg, Arthur S. Gandy and Clarence S. Greene graduated from the School of Dentistry. Ohio State University graduates 11 Ne- gro students. Edmund Paxton received LLB., Raymond J. Ballinger received A.B., Ralston S. Mitchell and Carter Tyus grad- uated from the School of Pharmacy. Mary Ruth Banks, Octavia R. Jones, Louise S. Richardson, Ruth P. Scott and Mary N. Stribling received the degree of Bachelor of Arts in Education. Mrs. Grace Webster Byrd received the degree of Bachelor of Science in Agriculture and Home Econom- ics and Eva I. Fitzgerald, A.B.
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168 THE Columbia University granted degrees to the following Negro students: Cora P. Vin- cent B.S., Zephaniah A. Looby LL.B., and Francis H. Bowen, Edward M. Gilliard, Lorenzo J. Greene, Melva L. Price, Har- court A. Tynes, Cullen W. Banks, Etnah CRISIS Ohio Wesleyan University has 4 Negro students but none graduates this year. Ohio University has 6 Negro students. Four graduated. They were Bernice Gaines, Herman Holland, Lawrence Jordan and Rhoda Wilson, all of whom received the de- Hercules N. Richards A bia .M. ol i Clarence L. E. Monroe Ira Smith M.S. Pennsylvania M.S. C.C.N.Y. Miles W. Connor W. Thomas Love A.M. Columbia A.M. Michigan R. Boutté, George D. Brantley, Miles W. Connor, John N. Cotton, L. Simington Cur- tis, Winston Douglas, Othello M. Harris, Mae C. Hawes, Rufus J. Hawkins, George A. Johnson, Miranda Meaddough, Frederick L. Merry, Timothy C. Meyers, W. Lucile Spence, Esther I. Tate and Nolden E. White—all A.M. A. Johnson . Columbia Rufus J. Hawkins F. Luther Merry A.M. Columbia J G. W. Banks A.M. Columbia Harcourt Tynes A.M. Columbia A.M. Pennsylvania gree of Bachelor of Arts. Pennsylvania State College has 3 Negro students and graduated 1 this year. The graduate is Theodore Gilbert, who took a pre-medical course. The University of Pittsburgh has i119 Negro students. Twenty graduated this year. Norman Ray Bolden, Garrett Elliot < 4 és A E. M. Gilliard M. Columbia s A. Ee
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AUGUST, 1926 Fish, Maryan F. Hall, James Arthur Moore, Winston C. Pilgrim, Horace Small and Reg- inald P. Talbot graduated from the college department. James H. Anderson, Harry G. Brown, Ira K. Buford, John A. Childress, Grace A. Jason, James E. Johnson, Daniel 169 four Negro students enrolled but none is to graduate this year. The University of Cincinnati has 34 Ne- gro students. Of these 20 graduated. Francis C. Lesley and Sylvester Collins re- ceived the degree of Master of Arts in Edu- Nolden E. White George D. Brantley A.M. Columbia AM. Columbia . T. McGraw L. M. Fuller M.B.A. Michigan M.Ed. Boston Univ. McBrown Edw A ina M. Wright M.Ed. Boston Univ. A.M. Columbia Medley, Andrew J. Tolley and Edward C. Wilson received degrees from the School of Pharmacy; and Wilton W. Jackson, Frank- lin C. Brasefield and Harold Taylor received degrees in dentistry. Carnegie Institute of Technology has L. S. Curtis Roscoe C. Bullock A.M. Columbia M.S. Michigan James C. Evans Esther I. Tate M.S. M.L.T. A.M. Columbia Etnah R. Boutté Miranda Meaddough A.M. Columbia A.M. C cation. Clara Mae Hough and Mary Busch received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. The following were graduated from the School of Education: Ethel Burnette, Car- olyn Welch, Arnetta Randall, Thelma Moor- man, Costella Taylor, Rosetta Nolan, Lil- j ‘S a | | \
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170 THE CRISIS HENDERSON H. DONALD Ph.D. Yale lian Drayton, Margaret Clenna, Richard Fox, Oliver Crump, Harry McMorris, Mar- cus M. Rambo, Olive L. Ryder, Nancy Haw- kins and Zenobia C. Russell. Laura .C, Knight received an A.M. degree at the age of 19. She is the youngest in her class. Colgate University has 4 Negro students. One, Henry S. Robinson, was graduated this year. Mr. Robinson won a varsity let- ter in track while at Colgate. Syracuse University has 19 Negro stu- dents. Ten were graduated. Albert De Mond received the degree of B.S. in Busi- ness Administration. Herbert Weisiger and Lorraine Redmond received the degree of A.B. William Wilkerson received a de- gree in electrical engineering. Frederick Hundley received B.S. in Public School Art. G. Madeline Bush received B.S. in Educa- tion. Mabel Johnson received B.S. in Busi- ness Education. Blanche Earl Emanuel! and Ruth G. Smith received A.B. cum laude. Miss Smith was a member of the Lambda Tau Rho, the honorary Romance language club. Gussie M. Emanuel received the degree of A.B. magna cum laude and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. Mr. De Mond received A on his thesis entitled: “The Negro in the field of Insurance.” Johanna G. Bush re- ceived the degree of B.S. New York University has 105 Negro students. Those graduating and their de- grees are as follows: Zephaniah A. Looby J.5.D., Hubert T. Delany J.D., Robert R. Penn J.D., Melvin E. Johnson LL.B., James Johnson LL.B., May Edward Chinn M.D., Aubre de Lambert Maynard M.D., Stuart L. Whiting B.S.C., and Charles N. Ford D.D.S. Albert E. Jenkins received a cer- tificate of proficiency from the School of Commerce. Mr. James W. Johnson won 2nd highest scholastic honors in his class at the University Law School. Out of 18 aspirants Mr. Looby was one of the suc- cessful candidates for the highest degree in Law. Hunter College has about 50 Negro students. 6 graduated. They are: Con- stance Willis, May E. Campbell, Hyacinth A. Davis, Kathleen H. Jones-King, Mrs. Ruth Adkins Martin and Dorothy G. Teas- dale. Cornell University graduated Albert Frank Cox, Ph.D., (September, 1925) “Ex- cellent student. Held fellowship and schol- arship in mathematics.” This year, Joseph R. Houchins A.B., William W. Stanton A.B., William M. Banks A.B., Paul How- land Logan B.S., “President of the Forestry Club”, City College of New York graduated 5 Negro students. F. Eugene Corbie received the degree B.S.S. and Wm. Jackson Green the degree B.S. CHARLES H. THOMPSON Ph.D. Chicago 3 me ry ¥
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Caswell J. Gates LL.B. Boston U Alvin H. Moss LL.B. Illinois Vv. Allen Christian M.D. Michigan Clarence J. Gresham B.D. Oberlin Julian J. Evans LL.B. Boston University H. D. Holmes M.D. Michigan Nathaniel W. Hudson LL.B. Illinois ‘ey Skinner LL.B. Michigan Orlando Stewart Robert B. Powell LL.B. Michigan B.D. Oberlin xander W. Green RD — S.T.B. Boston University Herbert A. Green on ch M. Byrd S.T.B. Boston Univ. Howard Thurman John D. D. Wilkerson B.D. Rochester LL.B. Western Reserve 5 ~~ ¥ ¥ = \ | 171
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172 THE Mr. Wilton B. Callendar and Mr. Malcolm Dodson received the degree of A.B. “Mr. Dodson has been editor of the ‘Mercury’, a student publication, and active also in the work of the Art department.” Ira Smith received the degree of M.Ed. Dartmouth College has 10 Negro students but no graduates this year. The University of Minnesota has 39 Ne- gro students. Five graduated this year. Charles A. Washington received the degree of A.B. Albert Butler received the degree of D.D.S. Lafayette Fields and Benjamin Ransom received the degree of Phm.c. CRISIS this year. Marron W. Fort and Paul V. Jewell received the degree of B.S. in electro- chemistry. E. S. Hope received the degree of B.S. in civil engineering. Mr. Hope is to go to Newfoundland to the Grenfell Set- tlement to perform the very difficult task of installing a water supply. Under him will be 3 assistants, one from Harvard and 2 from Yale. Victor C. Smith and James C. Evans received the degree of M.S. Both Mr. Smith and Mr. Evans have been offered position on the staff at Tech. Williams College has 4 Negro students, one of whom, Mr. Warren E. Harri- and Samuel Ste- phens, that of B.S. in Pharmacy. W. D. Brown received the degree of Bachelor of Medicine last De- cember, having al- ready taken the de- grees of Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science. While in college he was a noted athlete in swimming, tennis and football. The College of the City of Detroit has 55 Negro. students and graduated Wal- ter H. Mack, Vir- ginia V. Houston and Dorothy L. Lan- ford. Boston University gan, received the de- gree of A.B. this year. Smith College has 4 Negro students. Two, Alice Banton and Emily Johnson, graduated this year with the degree of A.B. Simmons College has 5 Negro. stu- dents. Miss Ethel Griggs graduat- ed this year with the degree of B.S. in Household Econom- ics. Radcliffe College has 5 Negro students but none is to grad- uate this year. Amherst College has 12 Negro stu- has 57 Negro stu- dents. Of these, 14 received degrees: John S. R. Bourne LL.M., Mildred L. Burch B.S.S., Elmer D. Dean S.T.M., Julian J. Evans LL.B., Luther Fuller Ed.M., Caswell J. Gates LL.B., Her- bert A. Green S.T.B., Kirkland W. Green S.T.B., Christopher P. Hoffman B.S. in Edu- cation, Samuel B. Hutchinson B.B.A., Ger- trude P. McBrown Ed.M., Joseph H. Nelson LL.M., Benjamin F. Wilson LL.B., and Mrs. clara Bruce LL.B. “Mrs. Bruce is Chairman of the Board of Editors of the Boston Uni- versity Law Review and a member of the Student Council.” Massachusetts Institute of Technology has 9 Negro students of whom 5 graduated MISS OTELIA CROMWELL Ph.D., Yale dents two of whom, Charles Richard Drew and William Charles Thomas, re- ceived the degree of A.B. this year. Mr. Drew was voted the best all-round athlete at Am- herst for four years; All-American mention in football; captain of the Amherst Track Team and New England Intercollegiate high hurdle champion. Bates College has 7 Negro students. Harry Smith and John P. Davis received the degree of A.B. Mr. Smith was an honor student. Mr. Davis was an honor student, Editor of the Bates comic magazine, Pres- ident of the Bates Debating Council, un- dergraduate assistant in English and a member of the executive board of the Y. M.. nid
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P. McDougald B.S. Pennsylvania Carl H. Clerk B.S. Columbia Pearl Vincent B.S. C. Moseley B.S. Illinois William W. Stanton A.B. Corne Anna Watson A.B. Northwestern Oliver O. Nance B.S. Illinois Walter A. Gay Jr. A.B. Pennsylvania Ariel Haynes B.S. Pennsylvania la P. Webb B.S. in Ed. Pennsylvania William B. Pe .B. Pennsylvania Espriella B. Sarreals A.B ichigan 173 E. McDaniel B. S. Northwestern Alice L. Banton A. B. Smith John W. Corneal, Jr. A.B. Michigan R A.B. inston ennsylvania we - ~ % fs >}, 4 >
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174 THE C. A. He has been awarded a fellowship to Harvard University next year. The University of Kansas has 97 Negro students. Ten were graduated from the col- lege department. They are: Doxey Wil- kerson, Clarence A. Bacot, Mary O. Ben- nett, Leona M. Brown, Vernie Clinch, Spen- cer Gillum, James R. Hayden, Ruth D. Johnson, Bertron L. Orme and Benjamin Watson. Kansas Wesleyan University has 11 Negro students but none graduated this year. ‘Butler College has 50 Negro students. Four graduated this year. They are: Dorothy O. Atkins, Lillian S. David, Ada Harris and Lucile Stokes. All received the degree of A.B. Miss Stokes was graduated cum laude and was elected to Phi Kappa Phi. Iowa State College has 13 Negro students, 4 of whom received B.S. degrees. They are: Benjamin H. Crutcher, Maurice A. Thomasson, Compton V. Chapman and Juanita W. Ewing. Mr. Thomasson was elected to Phi Kappa Phi. Miss Ewing was the first woman of her race to graduate from Iowa State College. Iowa University has 109 Negro students, 6 of whom received the degree of A.B. They were: Flora B. Austin, Walter T. Blanks, George A. Isabell, Samuel A. Richardson, Orthel T. Roberts and Marie W. Woolridge. Drake University graduated 3 Negroes. Carlyle C. Clarke and Lorraine Crawford received the degree of A.B. Carlyle Clark was elected to Phi Beta Kappa and was 2nd rank in General Honors. Lela Wilson was given a Piano diploma. Wesleyan has 2 Negro students but none was graduated this year. Oberlin has 60 Negro students. Twelve were graduated this year. They are: Susie E. Bailey and Frances E. Sinkford Bache- lors of Music; Richard P. Alexander, Clar- ence J. Gresham, Robert B. Powell, George Van Buren, and Ward D. Verby Bachelors of Divinity; Edith E. Baker, Carol B. Cot- ton, Sheppard R. Edmonds, Theodore T. Robinson and Mary Hummons Bachelors of Art. Mr. R. P. Alexander, a graduate in the Divinity School, was elected president of his class, representative speaker for his class at the Alumni Dinner and received one of the 14 merit scholarships. Northwestern graduated 5 Negro stu- dents. They are: Anna E. Watson A.B., CRISIS Blanche E. McDaniel B.S., Lottie Turnley A.B., Florence Lovell A.B. and Clarence Hayden Wilson B.Mus. The University of Illinois has 72 Negro students and graduated this year 8. The- ophilus M. Mann, Frederick H. Pruett and De Ion Canada received the degree of A.B. John P. Edelen, Oliver O. Nance, Addison C. Mosely and Francis R. Robin- son received the degree of B.S. Alvin A. Moss and Nathaniel W. Hudson received the degree of LL.B. Miss Canada was the youngest graduate in a class of 1400. Bowdoin College conferred the degree of A.B. on its only Negro student. He was Henry Lincoln Johnson, Jr. Mr. Johnson, the son of the late Republican National Committeeman from Georgia, has _ estab- lished an enviable reputation in the Bow- doin Musical Club. The Rochester Theological Seminary graduated two Bachelors of Divinity, How- ard Thurman and Robert Cable. Mr. Thur- man was President of his class and Secre- tary-at-large after graduation. Colby College has 2 Negro students but no one was graduated this year. Middlebury College conferred the degree of A.B. on G. Lewis Chandler. Boston Teachers College conferred the degree of M.Ed. on Edith G. Brown. The University of Denver has 9 Negro students. Beatrice Taylor and Cecil How- ard received the degree of A.B. Colorado University has 8 Negro stu- dents. None graduated this year. Colorado Teachers College, with an en- rollment of 14 Negro students, conferred the degree of A.B. on Marcela Parsons and M. Livingston. | The University of Nebraska has 39 Negro students. Ruth G. Dixon, David MceCul- lough and Audre Truehart received the de- gree of A.B. Dewitte T. Lawson was grad- uated with the degree of LL.B. and Cleo- patra L. White with the degree of B.S. in Home Economics. Western Reserve University graduated this year LaVerne Gregory, Olive E. Davis, Laurretta Conners and Editha Lewis with the degree of A.B. Miss Gregory was the youngest member of her class and received special mention for “scholarship and teach- ing ability”. John Diamond Wilkerson re- ceived the degree of LL.B.
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Mae C. Hawes James W. Johnson Ma H. Jones Farrow R. Allien A.M. Columbia LL.B. N.Y.U. Ph.B. Chicago .D. Harvard Ellen N. Stout Joseph H. Nelson Graham T. Perry Elizabeth A. Virgil A.B. Indiana LL.M. Boston Univ. J.D. Northwestern B.S. New Hampshire Dora O. Atkins Cc. B. Broussard Elmer W. Dean Olive E. Davis A.B. Butler B.S.L. Northwestern S.T.M. Boston Univ. A.B. Western Reserve Constance L. Willis James R. E. Hayden R. P. Talbot Ethel Burnette A.B. Hunter B.S. Kansas A.B. Pittsburgh . Cincinnati 175 } — 3 — = 4 |
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176 The University of New Hampshire grad- uated this year Elizabeth Ann Virgil with the degree of A.B. Miss Virgil is the first colored girl graduate from New Hampshire University. Rutgers has 5 Negro students. One, Dan- iel J. Winge, graduated with the degree of A.B. Bucknell College conferred the degree of A.B. on Susan E. Kennedy. Miss Kennedy was the only colored girl in a class of 198. Des Moines University conferred the de- gree of A.B. on James N. Williams. Mr. Williams was one of the five seniors grad- uating with highest scholastic honors out of a class of 136. He was also prominent in extra-curriculum activities, being a mem- ber of the staff of the college paper and a member of the debating team. Albion College conferred the degree of A.B. on. J. A. Gallimore. , Stephen W. Simpson received the degree of Ph.G. from the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. Bertha M. Poindexter received the degree of B.S. from Indiana State Normal School. Joseph E. Fuller received the degree of A.B. from Bradley Polytechnic Institute. Mrs. Alice E. A. Huggins received the degree of LL.B. from the John Marshal! Law School. C. E. Banks was granted the degree of B.S. from Michigan State College. J. Harold Brown was granted the degree of B.Mus. from the Horner Institute of Fine Arts. Miss Ione L. Martin received the degree of Bachelor of Arts from the University of Southern California. Miss Mary H. Jones, the daughter of Bishop R. E. Jones, was granted the degree of Ph.B. by the University of Chicago. The University of the City of Toledo has 9 Negro students. None is to graduate. Hiram College has 4 Negro students but is graduating no one this year. The University of California at —— has 38 Negro students. Nine were grad- uating: Erskin Ragland B.S., Loyd Isaacs A.B., D. D. Davidson A.B., Mariam Mathews A.B., Ruth Dixon A.B., John Col- lins PhC. and Kenneth Johnson Ph.C. Miss Mathews was elected to Sigma Delta Pi an honorary Spanish sorority. Leon Whitaker received the degree of A.B. from the University of California. Mr. Whitaker was President of the Cosmo- THE CRISIS politan Club, holder of several scholarships, and both welterweight and middleweight boxing champion of the University. Tufts University has 10 Negro students. This year it graduated one, Malvin Proctor, with the degree of B.S. The following numbers have been grad- uated this year from Negro institutions: Howard has 2,155 students. Of these 282 were graduated. 55 M.D. degrees, 30 de- gress in Dentistry, 15 in Pharmacy, 30 in Law, 50 A.B. degrees, 26 A.B. in Educa- tion, 36 B.S. degrees, 16 B.S. in Commerce, 5 B.S. in Education, 2 B.S. in Electrical Engineering, 5 B.Mus. degrees, 2 A.M. de- grees and 1 B.S. in Home Economics de- gree were granted by the University. Lincoln University has enrolled 275 stu- dents. 61 were given the degree of A.B. this year. Fisk has an enrollment in the college de- partment of 474. 68 A.B. degrees were granted this year. Atlanta University, with an enrollment in the college department of 269, graduated 19 with the degree of A.B. Talladega College has 154 enroljed and graduated this year 21. 19 were granted A.B. degrees and 2 the degree of B.D. Wilberforce University has 606 enrolled in the college department. 45 were gradu- ated. 6 B.D. degrees, 12 A.B. degrees and 27 B.S. degrees were granted. Knoxville College, with an enrollment of 128, graduated 24. 19 received the degree of A.B. and 5 that of B.S. Clark University, with an enrollment of 207, graduated 20 with the degree of A.B. Morehouse, having enrolled 257 in the college department, graduated 40. Of these, 2 were B.S., 1 B.D. and 37 A.B. Florida Agricultural College awarded 8 B.S. degrees and 16 Normal School diplo- mas. Rust College, with 72 in the college de- partment, granted 11 A.B. degrees. Samuel Huston College, with 147 enrolled, granted 22 A.B. degrees. Straight College, with an enrollment of 106, graduated 4 A.B. and 5 A.M. Virginia Theological Seminary and Col- _ has enrolled in its. college department 125. It granted degrees as follows: 16 A.B., 1 B.S., 2 B.Th. Simmons University, with 75 in its cot- lege department, graduated 18. 7 were graduated in Theology, 6 with the degree of
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CARTER GODWIN WOODSON, Ph.D. Twelfth Spingarn Medallist 177 £ > 4 4 > 4 é > 4 j e
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178 THE A.B. and 5 with the degree of B.S. Virginia Union University has 533 en- rolled in college work and graduated 68. 32 were given the degree of A.B.; 16, that of B.S.; 4, that of B.D.; 7, that of LL.B.; and 9 were given Normal School diplomas. Hampton Institute has six graduates with the degree of Bachelor of Science from the School of Agriculture and six grad- uates with the degree of Bachelor of Science from the School of Education. Three others will receive this degree at the end of the summer school. Livingstone College, with 159 enrolled, granted 1 B.D. degree and 6 A.B. degrees. Johnson C. Smith University, with an enrollment of 159, graduated 17 A.B., 3 B.D. and 1 S.T.B. Tougaloo College, with 42 enrolled, grad- uated 3 A.B. CRISIS Paine College, with an enrollment of 68, graduated 4 A.B. and 4 B.S. Benedict College, with an enrollment of 67, graduated 10 with the degree of A.B. Morgan College, with an enrollment of 525, graduated 25 with the degree of A.B. and 5 with the degree of A.M. Meharry Medical College graduated 121. 42 degrees in Dentistry, 45 in Medicine, 27 in Pharmacy and 7 certificates in Nursing were granted. Bishop College, with an enrollment of 263, granted 10 A.B. degrees and 26 degrees of B.S. Jackson College, with an enrollment of 198, graduated 3 students with the A.B. degree. Claflin University graduated 11 Bache- lors of Arts and 1 Bachelor of Science. Miles Memorial College graduated 5 with the degree A.B. & National Association for the Advance- ment of Colored People THE N. A. A. C. P. AT CHICAGO HE 17th annual convention of the N. A. A. C. P. at Chicago was an epoch making event. These 17 years, as John Haynes Holmes pointed out, stretch from the centennial of Lincoln’s birth to the ses- quicentennial of American Independence and have built the most powerful and highly organized machine Negroes ever had. But it has been weak in Chicago; weak be- cause the growing pains of that vast black city brought so much of internal strain and local friction that union and co-operation on a national scale went by the board. The local branch under Herbert Turner and Morris Lewis worked unremittingly and they saw the 17th Conference start quietly and smoothly, with William Pickens’ key- note; increase to that remarkable after- noon when Julius Rosenwald and Phillip Randolph spoke from one platform. Then came the night of Mrs. Hunton, Robert Bagnall and Senator Roberts, with his roll- ing periods, and the mass meetings for John Hope and Judge George. Later Chicago filled the vast auditorium to the last seat with 2,000 turned away to acclaim James Weldon Johnson and Clarence Darrow and to hear that matchless chorus and J. Wes- ley Jones sing the spirituals and Hallelujah. And then, instead of lapsing, the conven- tion rose to new life. Chicago discovered it and Monday with Oscar DePriest, Theo- dore Roosevelt and Bishop Carey, and Spin- garn Medal night, with Holmes, Du Bois and Woodson, found the houses packed to suffocation and rising enthusiasm. The social side varied from cabarets to Hull House and the Chicago Woman’s Club. The business brought a million dollar cam- paign and the next convention at Indianap- olis. The National Negro Anthem sounded and resounded every day. Chicago papers —save the bourbon Tribune—were appreci- ative and the hospitality was fine, thought- ful and never to be forgotten. These were the resolutions: ADDRESS OF THE 17TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE The pressing problem before us this year is that of residential segregation. There is widespread determination to enforce a ghetto in the United States in spite of the clear letter of the law and the decision of the courts. We have been fighting this +
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Joseph E. Fuller George A. Isabel Nathaniel A. Sims Henry S. Robinson A.B. Bradley Polytechnic A.B. lowa A.B. Hillsdale A.B. Colgate James N. Williams Lawrence Jordan Lucile Stokes Samuel T. Stafford A.B. Des Moines A.B. Ohio A.B. Butler 5S. Knox Beatrice K. Taylor Susan A. Kennedy Marcella Parsons Bernice Gaines A.B. Denver A.B. Bucknell A.B. Colorado State A.B. Ohio J. J. Gallimore lone LaVerne Herman Holland bion A.B. So. California A.B. Ohio Edith E. Baker A.B. Oberlin A.B. Al > & | => \ a" 3 | = ' | > 179
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180 tendency for years and despite the tempo- rary delay involved in the latest decision of the Supreme Court we are already contin- uing this fight. The court has not yet passed upon the essential point and that is as to whether or not it is good public policy in a great democracy to divide and classify people according to race or color. We believe that the fight against segrega- tion is a fundamental fight for democracy among all people in this country. For a long time the Southern States of the: United States have defied democratic government in this land. They form an oligarchy where the political power is held by a small minority of the qualified voters and by a minority which does not represent . the best intelligence of their own section. This condition has been permitted by the silent acquiescence of the North and by a series of evasive and unconstitutional laws and practices. The most outrageous of these laws were the so-called “Grandfather Clauses”. Through the co-operation of this Association these laws were finally declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. There still remains, however, the laws and customs which support the White Primary. The White Primary is an attempt to sub- stitute a single political party for the whole state and local government and to allow that party to base its membership upon purely racial lines. Such laws are a plain defiance of the constitution of this govern- ment, and this Association pledges itself to keep this matter before the courts until justice is done. These and many other legal and social! battles show the absolute necessity of an adequate Defense Fund to Protect the Rights of American Negroes. The $75,000 which black folk and their friends gave to defend the cases at Detroit and Washington was a fine and generous gesture. But it was but a smal! beginning toward our abso- lute need. We should have one million dol- lars at least to make impossible the hither- to easy oppression of American Negroes and the ruthless and unpunished denial of their constitutional rights. We are astonished to note under Presi- dent Coolidge and the Republican adminis- tration a continuation of that segregation of colored employees in the departments at Washington which was begun under Presi- dent Wilson. We have repeatedly appealed for redress of this grievance and we appeal THE CRISIS again to the sense of decency and honor which should exist at the Capital of the nation and which should save from insult persons who are serving their country in the organized civil service. Republican senators have defeated again the Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill; only three of the nine Republican members of the Judi- ciary Committee and one of the seven Dem- ocrats voted to report the Bill, in the face of a series of horrible lynchinzgs in Missis- sippi, Florida and elsewhere. There is but one effective reply to such flagrant disregard of our rights and wishes. Our political salvation and social survival lie in our absolute independence of party allegiance in politics and the casting of our vote for our friends and against our ene- mies whoever they may be and whatever party labels they carry. This may at pres- ent give us sorry choice between twin evils but eventually and soon there must come in this land such political reform as will give the honest independent voter, black and white, a chance to cast his ballot for law, decency and democracy. Particularly is it possible and right for American Negro voters so to cast their ballots as to restrain Financial Imperialism which has throttled Haiti and threatens Liberia and Central and South America and which is still using slavery and forced .la- bor to heap up profit in Africa. For several years the National Asso- ciation for the Advancement of Colored People has tried on the one hand to show the white labor movement in the United States that it must recognize colored labor, welcome it to Union ranks and affirm the unity of all laborers in the great fight for industrial democracy. On the other hand, this organization has sought to impress upon Negro labor its duty to leave no stone unturned in an attempt to co-operate with organized labor and to maintain and ad- vance the standards for which organized labor has so long fought. We are glad to note in the unionization of the Pullman por- ters a great step towards both these objects. We regret that white Union labor is still disappointingly laggard and unfair in tak- ing effective steps toward organizing black labor. There is, without doubt, a cultural move- ment stirring among American Negroes and Negroes the world over which is of deep significance. It is a renaissance of
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AUGUST, that ancient feeling of men of black blood for beauty in music, in sculpture and in expression, which the world forgot during slavery and the slave trade. As it begins to blossom again in the new generation of American Negroes it calls for every en- couragement. This Association is glad that through the Spingarn Medal, THE CRISIS magazine, the prizes for literature and art, and encouragement of public meetings and private exhortation, it has been able to do much in the past to make this renaissance possible. The Association calls now for 1926 181 college facilities, the development of the great talent which lies in our race. COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS Dr. W. E. B. DuBois, Chairman Harry E. Davis, Cleveland Isadore Martin, Philadelphia Bishop John Hurst, Baltimore T. G. Nutter, Charleston, W. Va. Dr. A. Wilberforce Williams, Chicago Dr. George W. Lucas, New Orleans A. T. Atwater, Rome, Ga. Neval H. Thomas, Washington, D. C. the widest co-operation among persons and organizations to forward the movement and encourage art and literature; and above all, to make possible, through uni- versal education in adequate common schools, in better high schools and in wider Rev. A. Wayman Ward, Denver Mrs. S. Joe Brown, Des Moines Mrs. W. T. Poole, Pittsburgh Mrs. Alethea Jefferson, Newark, N. J. Mrs. Nannie G. Reed, Chicago Mrs. Vada J. Somerville, Los Angeles Ruby Brown LANGSTON HUGHES HE was young and beautiful And golden like the sunshine that warmed her body. And because she was colored Mayville had no place to offer her, Nor fuel for the clean flame of joy That tried to burn within her soul. So one day, Sitting on old Mrs. Latham’s back porch Polishing the silver, She asked herself two questions. And they ran something like this: What can a colored girl do On the money from a_ white kitchen? And: Ain’t there any joy in this town? woman’s Now the streets down by the river Know more about this pretty Ruby Brown, And the sinister shuttered houses of the Bottoms Hold a yellow girl Seeking an answer to her questions. The good church folk do not mention her name any more. But the white men, habitués of the high shuttered houses, Pay more money to her now than they ever did before, When she worked in their kitchens.
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GRADUATES OF LEADING SOUT Knoxville Morehouse Atlanta Paine é | a | * J 182
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’ NG SOUTHERN COLLEGES Talladega 183 » Lincoln, Missouri
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The Horizon (@ Monroe Gregory, a student at East High School, Cleveland, won first prize in an es- say contest sponsored by the Colonial Dames of America. His essay was unanimously selected by the judges from among four hundred:and fifty submitted. Cc C. Glenn Carrington, a graduate of How- ard and holder of an Urban League Fellow- ship in the New York School of Social Work, and Thomas L. Dabney, a_ graduate of Union and of the Brookwood Labor Col- lege, have gone to Russia with a delegation of American students to observe student conditions in Soviet Russia. They plan to return in September. ( President Louis Borno of Haiti is in the United States. He was received by Mayor Walker in New York and by Presi- dent Coolidge at Washington. While in the United States President Borno attended the Eucharistic Conference in Chicago. His reception in New York by his own coun- trymen was not cordial, since President Borno is accused of usurping the Presidency and being in favor of continued American occupation of Haiti. ( Kenneth C. Eldridge of Hartford, Conn., has been chosen as one of the representa- tives of the Hartford Y. M. C. A. to at- tend a World Y. M. C. A. conference in Helsingfors, Finland. ¢ After an up-hill fight for five years, the Dining Car Employees of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad have secured an agreement with the company guaranteeing them fair working hours. They are now to work 240 hours a month or 8 hours a day. ( Rev. H. H. Proctor of Brooklyn, New York, pastor of the Nazerene Congrega- tional Church was chosen Moderator of the New York City Congregational Church As- sociation. Rev. Proctor is the first Negro so honored. C The State Federation of Colored Wo- men’s Organization of Washington has com- piled a cook book and published it. The proceeds of its sale are being used to edu- cate boys and girls of the State of Wash- ington. Already a young colored girl is being sent to the College of Puget Sound, Tacoma, Washington. ( The Rev. A. Myron Cochran, rector of St. Ambrose Church and director of music in St. Augustine’s School, Raleigh, N. C., has published a “Communion Service in — F Major”. The service is built upon six of the Negro Spirituals, including “Were You There”, “Steal Away” and “Swing Low Sweet Chariot”, and is beautifully arranged for use in the communion service of the Episcopal Church. The work is “affection- ately dedicated to Rt. Rev. Joseph Blount Cheshire, D.D., a great Lover and Friend of both these works and their creators”. ( Miss Grace Towns, of Atlanta Univer- sity, was one of the three colored girls who attended the National Y. W. C. A. con- ference in Milwaukee. Miss Towns was elected First Vice-President of the National Student Assembly. ( Harry W. Green, Dean of Samuel Huston College, has been awarded a fellowship of fifteen hundred dollars by the General Edu- cation Board to enable him to specialize in the field of education at Columbia Univer- sity. Dean Greene is an A. B. and A. M. from Lincoln University and has done grad- uate work at Yale. ( Prominent colored men of Washington and Baltimore have combined to establish the National Capitol Country Club. They have secured a club house at Edge Hill, Md., with 19 large rooms, a dining room that will seat 65 and a spacious dancing floor. The house is situated on 23 acres of land on which improvements are rapidly being made, including a nine hole golf course and five tennis courts. The officers of the club are: Emmett J. Scott, President; Dr. A. M. Curtis, First Vice-President; Dr. H. S. McCard, Second Vice-President; Mr. Thos. H. R. Clarke, Third Vice-President; and Mr. Victor R. Daly, Secretary. ( Miss Theodosia Skinner of Cleveland has been appointed stenographer in the Probate Court. 184
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Johanna G. Bush B.S. Syracuse ey | E. Campbell Gussie M. Emanuel Ruth G. Smith A.B. Syracuse B. Hunter A.B. Syracuse Charles Drew Marcus M. Rambo Samuel Stratton A. B. Ambherst B.Ed. Cincinnati Ph.B. Chicago Mack C. s S. Malcolm Dodson Henry L. Johnson B.S. So. ifornia A.B. C.C.N.Y. A.B. Bowdoin a ? Daniel B. Stratton Arthur N. Turnball Ph.B. Chicago Ph.B. Chicago Frederic D. Coffey Girard T. Bryant Ph.B. Chicago Ph.B. Chicago John J. McKinley Ph.B. Chicago Richard A. Hudlin Ph.B. Chicago
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186 The Talcott Street Congregational! Church of Hartford, Connecticut, celebrated its 100th anniversary. Rev. James A. Wright is the pastor. ( Miss Beryl! Gardner has been appointed investigator in the New York State De- partment of Labor. ( Benner C. Turner, Harvard ’27, has been declared champion 115 pound wrestler of New England. Turner is a member of the Harvard Varsity Wrestling Team and has not -been beaten, having contested with the champicns from Yale, Princeton, Columbia, Dartmouth, Brown, Syracuse and Spring- field. He is the son of Dr. and Mrs. E. J. Turner of Columbus, Ga. € The Public Library of Newark, New Jersey, displayed during June and July a collection of rare books and autozraphs pertaining to the Negro, which were lent by Mr. Eugene M. Gregory. ( Dr. A. Porter Davis has been appointed Assistant Health Director of Kansas City, Kansas. This is the first time that a Negro has been so chosen, ( Wiley College, Marshall, Texas, has re- cently completed a new dormitory for girls. It contains 65 rooms with all modern con- veniences and a large reception room. The College is at present carrying on a cam- paign for an endowment fund. ( Valerie Allen, a student at the George Washington. High School, New York, has won a first prize medal in Elementary De- sign in competition with some two hundred white students. (| Morris Brown University has launched a $1,000,000 drive for endowment. Already $100,000 has been subscribed by the churches and general public of Atlanta. ( Colored business men ef Dallas, Texas, have formed a Chamber of Commerce. The organization is.four months old and has over a hundred members. The budget of 2,500 for the current year has been almost totally subscribed. W. E. Clark is sec- retary of the organization. ( Richard B. Spikes, a Negro inventor in Fresno, California, has invented a cable brake for trains which promises to do much to prevent railroad accidents. Spikes, now 50 years old, is an old hand at inventing. He has patented 28 inventions, most of which have been sold. One invention, a semaphore system now used on western THE CRISIS railroads, brought $100,000. A _ brake-test- ing machine patent sold for $20,000. ( The Louisiana Industrial Life Insurance Company of New Orleans has moved into its new $75,000 office building at Dryades and Euterpe Streets in New Orleans. The building is modern in all particulars. The ground floor is being sub-let for attractive stores and offices. ( On its tenth anniversary the San Jacinto Aid and Pleasure Club of New Orleans an- nounced total assets of $83,000. $55,900 was in real estate; $10,000 in equipment, and $16,851.81 was in cash. ( At the meeting of the Presbyterian Wo- men’s Missionary Society in Baltimore, Miss Lucy C. Laney, veteran educator and Principal of Haines Institute, Augusta, Georgia, was presented with a bouquet of 50 yellow roses and a service pin given to those who have served 25 years or more on the National Mission Field. Miss Laney has been for fifty years connected with the Missionary Society. ( Nearly 100 colored lawyers of Missouri have formed the Harlan State Bar Associa- tion, named after the late Judge John M. Harlan. The organization held its first meeting in St. Louis. € Miss W. Gertrude Brown, a prominent social worker in Minneapolis, sailed for Europe to attend an International Social Conference in Paris during the month of Juiy. Before returning, Miss Brown will study social conditions in Liverpool, Glas- gow and London. (| Kittrell College, near Henderson, N. C.. has received gifts totally near $1,000,000 from the philanthropist, N. B. Duke. These gifts are to be used to build five new build- ings, purchase land and increase the en- dowment. € According to a report prepared by the Department of Education there are 17 land grant colleges exclusively for Negroes. These institutions are all in the South ex- cept one in Delaware. Their enrollment has increased from 9,251 in 1914 to 11,645 in 1924. The total value of the college property has increased over the same period from $6,781,455 to $8,516,698. Over $600,- 000 was spent for buildings and improve- ments for the fiscal year of 1924. The to- tal yearly income of these institutions is $2,772,659.33. T
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Clara M. Hough B.S. Cincinnati Ruth P. Scott B.S. Ohio State LaVerne Gregory A.B. Western Reserve E. Thomasson B.S. lowa State Susie E. Bailey B.S.M. Oberlin Cc. E. Banks B.S. Michigan State Christopher P. Hoffman B.S.E. Boston Univ. Ethel M. Roy B.S. Michigan State Elizabeth R. Turner B.S. Lewis Institute J. Harold Brown B.Mus. Horner Institute Eva I. Fitzgerald A.B. Ohio State W. Juanita Ewing B.S. lowa State Ethel M. Griggs B.S. Simmons a Be | _ 4 ft A fi? % | fa B.S. M.I.T. — B.M. Minnesota B.L.1. Emerson 187
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Colored Judges American Negroes on the Bench R. H. Terrell D. A. Straker M. W. Gibbs A. B. George HE appointment of James A. Cobb as_ law in this case in order to get an excuse Judge of the Municipal Court of the District of Columbia and his confirmation by the Senate is another step in the long and honorable career of American Negroes upon the bench. During Re- construction times a colored man named Deane was elected county judge of Mon- roe County, Florida, the County in which Key West is situat- ed, James Deane was good- natured fellow but not strong by any means. There was a great furor at Key West when he was elected judge and he was re- moved from of- fice because he issued a li- cense to and married a man and woman one of whom it was claimed was white. They probably stretched the to remove Deane. Under the Florida law it was a crime to issue a marriage license to a white and colored person or to perform a ceremony. Joseph E. Lee of Jacksonville, Florida, JUDGE JAMES A. COBB 188 was elected in 1886 municipal judge of the City Court of Jacksonville, a Court of rec- ord. He held this office about two years. He was a colored “car- pet-bagger” coming to Jacks onville from Philadel- phia as a young man and was one of the first col- ored men ad- mitted the bar in Florida. He became one of the most successful poli- ticians of the state. “I never saw su- perior as a presiding offi- cer in a de- liberative body and he was one of the shrewdest, }
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AUGUST, 1926 JUDGE JOSEPH E. LEE Florida brightest, coolest and best-read men I ever knew.” But Lee was _ ultra-conservative and was careful to give no offense to the white people. As a result he held the of- fices of collector of customs and collector of internal revenue. The white people consid- ered him “safe”. He lived like a hermit, out in the country, his home surrounded by a high board fence and his gate locked. He seldom attended any social functions. J.J. Wright was one of the associate jus- tices of the Supreme Court of South Caro- ¥ JUDGE WHIPPER South Carolina 189 lina, 1873 to 1877, serving with two white justices. William Whipper and F. J. Moses, Jr., of this state were elected circuit judges in 1875 and the latter became probate judge in 1884. Mifflin W. Gibbs of Arkansas was elected to the office of city judge of Little Rock in 1873. D. Augustus Straker, born in Barbados and a law partner of the well- known Robert P. Elliot, was elected circuit court commissioner in Detroit, Michigan, in the eighties. Governor Ben Butler of Massachusetts appointed George L. Ruffin judge of the District Court of Charlestown, Massachusetts, in 1883. He served until his death three years later. James C. Mat- thews of Albany, New York, was elected to the judicial position of Recorder in the JUDGE J. J. WRIGHT South Carolina City of Albany, New York, on the Demo- eratic ticket in 189—. Mr. Raymond of Altoona, Pa., was judge of the Aldermanic Court of the city for several years. In his office his brother-in-law, Albert B. George, studied law. In 1925 Mr. George was elected one of the municipal judges of the City of Chicago, receiving a large popular majority. In 1902 Robert Heberton Terrell was ap- pointed justice of the peace in the District of Columbia. He held this position until 1909, when the Municipal Court was cre- ated by an act of Congress and Judge Ter- ~ a | 7 "A | ms > & yo ag. = f ¢
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190 THE rell was made one of the three judges. He was re-appointed by Presidents Roosevelt and Taft and, after some hesitation. by President Wilson. He died in office in 1925. The Municipal Court of the District of Columbia was enlarged in membership and jurisdiction by an act of Congress in 1921. It is now composed of five judzes of who a one is Presiding Judge. The salar $5400 a year with $300 extra for the Pre- siding Judge. The Court has jurisdiction over civil matters, with exclusive land:ord and tenant jurisdiction. Cases are carvicd from this Court to the Court of Apre > the highest Court in this jur’sdiction, di- rectly by way of writ of error. Cases are triable before a judge. sitting as jud~e an’ jury, or before a judge with a jury, where the amount involved is $20 and upward; jury trial is a matter of election for the parties litigant. James A. Cobb who has recent!y beer appointed to this court was born in Louisi- ana in 1876 and educated at Straight, Fisk and Howard. He was admitted to the bar in 1901 and from 1907 to 1915 served as Special Assistant to the Attorney General of the United States. He is professor of Negotiable Instraments and Constitutional Law in thé Law School of Howard Univer- sity and Vice-Dean. He is General Coun- sel and member of the Beard of Directors of the National Association for the Ad- vancement of Colored People; Trial Attor- ney for the colored Knights of Pythias; Attorney for Howard University and at- torney for a number of corporations. CRISIS JUDGE GEORGE L. RUFFiN Massachusetts He has long been active politically, work- ing with Republican headquarters during the Roosevelt campaign in 1904, helping to collect the data and prepare cases in 23 contested elections before the National Re- publican Committee in 1915, and has been a delegate or alternate to all the recent Republican conventions. Mr. Cobb is unmarried. He belongs to the Masons and Pythians and to the Sigma P: Phi, Alpha Phi Alpha and Tau Delta Sig- ma. On Reading Grayson’s “Colored” MINNIE HANBY ING, you colored people; Laugh, black man; Teach us the joy of life; Lead us up and out of captivity, as you were once led up, for we are captives, rich and poor alike, in the strongholds of Mam- mon. Either we are bound and struggle against our bonds, or, being unfettered, we strive to bind others. In captivity you sang; Bearing heavy burdens you danced; A slave, you took your master of a cold and stiff-necked race, you put warmth in his heart and a smile upon his lips. You gave speech to him who was glum, genial- ity to him who was distant. You took your mistress of a race plain and ungraceful. You taught her soft speech and gentle ways; you loosened her heart strings; you gave her gaiety and charm. Do for us of the North what you did for those of the South. Would that we might build a house of life together, rather than a house of death. We, masters of the straight line; you, mas- ters of the curve; what might we not build of strength and beauty, did we build rather than contend? Sing, you colored people; Laugh, black man; Teach us the joy of life. i “4 2 oil ‘
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An Echo From Toulouse, France From a Colored American Student IDABELLE YEISER Idabelle Yeiser is a graduate of the New Jersey State Normal School at Montclair and has studied at the University of Penn- sylvania. She has taught school at Camden and in Philadelphia and has been specializ- ing in French, Spanish and Italian. colt OW did you ever happen to choose Toulouse?” is a question that I have been asked time and time again. I must confess that the decision was a rather sud- den one. My original plans were to study at the University of Paris; but I had too many American friends in Paris and I grew thoroughly disgusted with the little French I was speaking. Jokingly, one day I said to one of my friends that if I could take the courses I wanted in a smaller town where I would be a perfect stranger I should leave Paris. Soon after that I over- heard a conversation in which some one mentioned the University of Toulouse. On a sudden impulse, I sent for a catalog. Imagine my delight when I discovered that the Southern University offered me, in ad- dition to the French I wanted, a better op- portunity of increasing my Spanish, and also a milder climate. My joke fast became a reality. After three delightful months in Paris, I left, in spite of many objections, to start a new life in Toulouse. Toulouse! One can scarcely call it beau- tiful. Its red brick houses are too unattrac- tive; its streets too crooked, too narrow and too badly paved. But it has a charm—a charm due to its antiquity, to its situation, and to the gaiety of its inhabitants... Each epoch has left its “chefs-d’oeuvre”, perhaps a church, a tower, or a University. The lover of antiquity and the lover of nature are both rewarded. The former has only to keep his eyes open as he rambles through the crooked streets; the latter may choose to promenade in one of the pretty parks, or to stroll along the Garonne River at sunset, or tramp to the suburbs in order to view the majestic snow-capped Pyrenees. But it is the inhabitants themselves that make Toulouse a lovable city. Every one is gay from the peasant to the aristocrat. The very first Sunday I was in Toulouse I fell in love with the atmosphere of the place. I had started out for a walk, but was attracted by the noise and crowds sround church St. Sernin, a masterpiece begun in the eleventh century. Picture a magnificent Roman basilic, imposing in its style and picturesque in its antiquity, 191 , > >.
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192 serving as the background of a public mar- ket. Then picture the market itself; the stands, some with bright colored awnings or huge umbrellas, others resembling small heuses on wheels; the merchants scuffling about in their wooden shoes and jabbering in their patois; the merchandise new or old, and of every variety, displayed either on stands or on the ground. One can buy a meal, an outfit of clothing or even fur- nish a house. Just a little patience is needed to search for the desired article. But such noise! Drums, whistles, bells, shrill voices! Anything to attract atten- tion! The noise, however, is not offensive for one is reminded of a holiday and soon enters into the spirit. This market scene, quaint and amusing, reveals the gay happy nature of the people. Then, too, Toulouse belongs to the Stu- dent. It has been an intellectual center ever since the Middle Ages. Its Universi- ty, founded in 1229, is the oldest in France after that of Paris. It started with 4 faculties and 14 professors. Today it has 7 institutes in addition to its 4 faculties, and boasts of approximately 100 profes- sors and 4,000 students, one-tenth of whom are foreigners. And where could one find a _ greater democracy? Practically every nationality is represented. Among the darker races one finds not only the people of the Orient, but also the Egyptian, the French colonists from Martinique, Guadaloupe and Africa, and the American Negro. The latter, un- fortunately, is in the minority. But what problem do these darger races offer? None whatever. A man is a man. France as a nation and Toulouse as a city are not ruled by the petty question of color. For would that not be a step backward in civilization rather than a step forward? On the contrary a strong co-operation exists between professors and students both from an educational and a _ social standpoint. The balls given by various departments or groups of students may be cited as examples of this co-operation. The prettiest ball of the season, without exag- geration, was the ball given by the Egyp- tian club. This ball owed its overwhelming success not merely to the members of the club but to the co-operation of the profes- sors and also of the directors of the lead- ing stores of Toulouse. The latter presented the club with magnificent gifts which were THE CRISIS awarded as prizes during the evening. An- other interesting feature of the ball was the presentation of several Egyptian dances. The dancers were trained by two of the professors of the University. Besides its University, Toulouse has many other intellectual resources: Its mu- seums, its libraries, its observatories and its educational societies or academies. The most interesting of the latter is the “Acade- mie des Jeux Floraux”. This academy origi- nated in the early part of the fourteenth century and is the only one of its kind in France. A group of troubadours invited all poets to enter a competition. The winner was to be awarded with a Gold Violet. (Toulouse is noted for its violets, they be- ing obtainable at least six months of the year.) Due to its origin the “Jeux Flor- aux” is the dean of academies of the world. It is still a flourishing association and offers annually to poets both prizes and flowers of gold and silver. [It is an ex- ample of many organizations of Toulouse whose purpose is to encourage the artistic ambitions. Never once have [ regretted coming to Toulouse. On the contrary I shall regret leaving it. It is like a magic bag. One can draw at random, but the result is al- ways a prize. SIX BACHELORS IN SCIENCE Hampton Institute =
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The Negro in Art How Shall He Be Portrayed A Symposium E have asked the artists of the world these questions: 1. When the artist, black or white, por- trays Negro characters is he under any obligations or limitations as to the sort of character he will portray? 2. Can any author be criticized for paint- ing the worst or the best characters of a group? 3. Can publishers be criticized for refus- ing to handle novels that portray Negroes of education and accomplishment, on the ground that these characters are no dif- ferent from white folk and therefore not interesting? 4. What are Negroes to do when they are continually painted at their worst and judged by the public as they are painted? 5. Does the situation of the educated Negro in America with its pathos, humili- ation and tragedy call for artistic treat- ment at least as sincere and sympathetic as “Porgy” received? 6. Is not the continual portrayal of the sordid, foolish and criminal among Negroes convincing the world that this and this alone is really and essentially Negroid, and preventing white artists from knowing any other types and preventing black artists from daring to paint them? 7. Is there not a real danger that young colored writers will be tempted to follow the popular trend in portraying Negro character in the underworld rather than seeking to paint the truth about them- selves and their own social class? Here are some answers. More will fol- low: When it is fully realized that “a man’s a man”,—the problems of this sort will cease. Peoples long subjected to travail, depressing and repressing environment, and the long list of handicaps common to men of color, naturally find it difficult to reach the high levels en masse. It would be strange, miraculous if they did. The few _ who do break thru the hell-crust of preva- lent conditions to high ground should be crowned, extolled and emulated. This is the work of the artist. Paint, write, let the submerged man and the world see those who have proven stronger than the iron grip of circumstance. Let the artist cease to capitalize the frail- ties of the struggling or apathetic mass— and portray the best that offers. This is naturally unpopular, and why? The thinker knows! To the ignorant it does not matter—yet. Depict the best, with or with- out approbation,and renown. GEORGIA DOUGLAS JOHNSON. This question of what material the Negro writer should draw upon, and how he should use it, is no simon pure problem with a sure, mathematical conclusion; it has innumerable ramifications, and almost all arguments can be met with a dissenting but equally as strong. Opinions will prob- ably be as various as the writers’ several constitutions; moreover, it is a question of whether the work is the thing, or its moral, social and educational effect. I should be the last person to vote for any infringement of the author’s right to tell a story, to delineate a character, or to transcribe an emotion in his own way, and in the light of truth as he sees it. . That is the one inalienable right into which the Negro author ought to be admitted with all other authors, as a slight compensation for other rights so described in which he does not share. I do believe, however, that the Negro has not yet built up a large enough body of sound, healthy race litera- ture to permit him to speculate in abortions and aberrations which other people are all too prone to accept as truly legitimate. There can be no doubt that there is a fic- tional type of Negro, an ignorant, burly, bestial person, changing somewhat today, though not for the better, to the sensual habitue of dives and loose living, who rep- resents to the mass of white readers the be -all and end—all of what constitutes a Ne- gro. What would be taken as a type in other literatures is, where it touches us, seized upon as representative so long as it ad- heres to this old pattern. For Negroes to raise a great hue and cry against such mis- representations without attempting, through their artists, to reconstruct the sit- uation seems futile as well as_ foolish. Negro artists have a definite duty to per- form in this matter, one which should supersede their individual prerogatives, without denying those rights. We must create types that are truly representative of us as a people, nor do I feel that such a move is necessarily a genuflexion away from true art. 193
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194 the white He will concerned I am writer is totally out of the scene. write as he pleases, though it offend; and when he does offend, he can always plead the extenuation of a particular incident and of particular characters that appeal to him As far as because of their novelty. He is not under the same obligations to us that we are to ourselves. Nor can he, as a member of a group with a vast heritage of sound litera- ture behind it, quite rise to an understand- ing of what seems to him an oversensitive- ness on our part; he cannot quite under- stand our disinclination as a people toward our racial defamation, even for art’s sake. I do not feel that we can so severely criti- cize publishers who reject our work on the score that it will not appeal to their read- ers. Publishers, in general, are caterers, not martyrs and philanthropists. But if they reject a treatment of educated and ac- complished Negroes for the avowed reason that these do not differ from white folk of the same they should reject those about lower class Negroes for the reason that they do not differ essentially from white folk of the same sort; unless they feel that, difference or no difference, the only time a Negro is interesting is when he is at his worst. This does not mean that the Negro writer has either to capitulate or turn away from his calling. Even among publishers there are those rare eccentrics who will judge a work on its merits. The danger to the young Negro writer is not that he will find his aspiration in the Negro slums; I dare say there are as fine characters and as bright dream material there as in the best strata of Negro society, and that is as it should be. Let the young Negro writer, like any artist, find his trea- sure where his heart lies. If the unfortu- nate and less favored find an affinity in him, let him surrender himself; only let him not pander to the popular trend of see- ing no cleanliness in their squalor, no noble- ness in their meanness and no common. sense in their ignorance. A white man and a southerner gave us Porgy, the merits of which few will deny, nor wish away because the story deals with illiterate Negroes. Mr. Heyward gave us a group of men and women; the Negro writer can in strict jus- tice to himself attempt no less than this, whether he writes of Negroes or of a larger world. sort, COUNTEE CULLEN. THE CRISIS I am a bit excited about your magazine. There is in it stimulation for the darker races as well as a prod, a fetching good dig in the ribs, for the pale of face. There is perhaps one thing that needs stress and that is the proposition to forget race. Lay that old bogey man. And now may I give to you just an ordinary, average man’s opinion in answer to your questionnaire? I know that my opinion is unsolicited but I wish to let you know that even an ordinary man may think upon the things you ask and to good advantage. 1. The inarticulate artist in me cries out that no man can be judged an artist by his race or creed. Paul Robeson is an artist first and a Nevro next. When I have heard him sing I never think “What a wonderful Negro voice”. I forget the qualification of race. The obligation of the artist is not to his race but to his talent. 2. An author can be criticized only when he deliberately falsifies with malice afore- thought. 3. Such a publisher is missing his main chance. An absorbing tale can surely be written about Negroes of good education and refinement. A publisher who cannot see that is not on to his onions. 4. Bring out the supreme spectacle of the Nordic’s obverse side. That ought to be a good tonic for all races. 5. No one but a numskull could treat him otherwise. 6. No. Wiley and Cohen are hardly art- ists. They are authors. Perhaps the lat- ter is becoming one. He will I think some day write a real story of the Negro and do it with understanding. There is a false notion among a great number of peoples that the sordid-foolish-criminal side is all there is to the Negro. The Negro will have to fight that down as the Jew has had to fight down the same impression by proving the contrary. 7. The young author may have a tend- ency to pick-up easy money by writing only of the underworld but the compelling urge of a real artist, be he Negro or some other tint, will not allow mere facetiousness to mar his canvas. Things as he sees them —he paints. Luck to your mission. J. HERBERT ENGBECK. Salt Lake City, Utah.
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The Little Page About Bats, Butterflies and Other Things EFFIE LEE NEWSOME CALENDAR CHAT HOSE dainty gorgeous little creatures as brilliant as Christmas tree trim- mings, the humming birds, will soon flutter hundreds and hundreds of miles to winter homes within some tropical land, and noisy grackles will gather in foraging parties to feast at the farmer’s expense as they go southward. The song birds will travel to where live oaks stretch out kindly moss hung arms in welcome. And the leaves, that always seem to watch the birds and follow them, will fly off too. But I am thinking of something besides birds and leaves that will soon hurry away at Autumn’s approach—for this is August— and that is, guess what, that homely little voblin of the air, the bat, the “flittermouse”’ the “raremouse”’—he has many names! Where does he go in winter? You had never thought much of bats, perhaps. Yet Germany’s master engraver, Diirer, once took the pains to place a bat, its umbrella like wings spread wide, upon one of his plates. And that reminds me to tell you here that the bats hang all winter long, heads downward, and thickly clustered together like faded coverings from ancient elf umbrellas. They have their winter homes in old barns and hollow trees. The baby bats are born in the winter homes and when Mother Bat flies out in springtime she brings the little bat along in a pocket on her wing. There! I know you feel relieved to be reminded that bats are not hatched from daintily-tinted eggs, since they seem un- worthy of lovely surroundings. Yet you may have enjoyed watching them during these summer twilights, fluttering around the trees and house tops. You have heard their business-like “tweaks” of sound as they traveled through the blackening skies. Yet how happy you have been that the day hours of summer were full of beautiful birds for the tree tops and butterflies for the fields. Here are three butterfly pieces. “Red Admiral” and “Black Swallowtail” are American butterflies. The “Mariposita” is a little butterfly found in Mexico. O BLACK SWALLOWTAIL Black Swallowtail, You grand butterfly! In ebony gorgeous with gold! You look royal, really, In fluttering freely With manner so gallant and bold. I know—will you pardon?— You hailed from a garden Where carrots and plain parsley grow. I'll not tell the bees, Nor cry to the breeze, Your clothing’s so fine, none could know. They’ll think you were bred In some orchid bed, Where, perfumed, the winds come and go. RED ADMIRAL, THE BUTTERFLY ED Admiral, hail! With your ruddy sail All set for some port ’neath the sky. The billows of cloud you sail over, proud, To land at some rose port hard by! MARIPOSITA just a little butterfly Born in Old Mexico, And that’s my fluffy little name, All decorated so! In fact, I’m rather fair myself, And airy on the wing, And quite accomplished all around, For such a tiny thing. I like to flutter all day long, To homes of different blooms, And pause at each the briefest spell, In those sweet-scented rooms. A LETTER FROM JEAN FEW days ago I received an unex- pected letter from Jean, a little Wash- ing girl. She said that she had been read- ing “The Little Page” and was therefore sending me some of her poems that she and I might become acquainted. 195
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196 “T will be a happy girl when you write,” declared Jean—and you know I did write— and added, “Let’s be poet friends. Please do. Most of my poems were written while I was eleven years of age. I am now twelve, and in the eighth grade.” Jean’s poems are so excellent to have been written by a girl of only eleven that I am mailing one of them to THe Crisis for the August “Little Page’. It is called MY BOOKS I have so many, many books ’ That stand upon my shelf, That I can sit and read and read When I am by myself. I have legends of knights of old, And fairy tales, you see, And quaint stories old that grandma told, And tales from over sea. THE CRISIS Oh, how I do enjoy myself, While I am all alone, I hate to stop to answer the door, Or even the telephone. So little children who have lots of books That you are all through reading, Just give them to some poorer child, Who sits home almost pleading For lots of books of her very own To set upon the shelf, So she could sit and read alone, When she is by herself. By JEAN WESTMORELAND, Washington, D. C. I am sure that you will notice Jean’s sug- gestion that we pass on to other children those books that we have read and reread. A good idea! Don’t you think so? Lincoln University THE REVEREND FRANCIS J. GRIMKE, D.D. Francis James Grimké is one of the most distinguished colored preachers the United States. He is a graduate of Prince- ton Theological Seminary, a*graduate and Doctor of Divinity of Lincoln and has been pastor of the 15th Street Presby- terian Church, Washington, D. C., for forty-four years. He “I read with a great deal of interest and satisfaction, in the May issue of THE CRIsIs, what you had to say about Lincoln Uni- versity. I am glad, very glad that you wrote what you did. I have very little patience with the authorities at Lincoln, and have not had for a number of years. After reading your ‘tine editorial, I sat down and gave expression to a few thoughts, and I am sending them to you, hoping that you may be able to find a place for them in your magazine, which I have been taking ever since it was published.” writes: NOTICE in the May issue of Tue Crisis that the Board of Trustees of Lincoln University, after months of deliberation, has turned down the request of the Alumni Association for representation on the Board. It is simply amazing, after sixty years of freedom, and after turning out graduates for more than fifty years, some of whom are professors in other educational institu- tions and are on boards of trustees of other institutions, that the trustees of this Uni- versity should deliberate for months on a proposition that ought not to have taken ten minutes, and which every other Negro institution in the country settled years ago. Lincoln University stands alone in the posi- tion which it takes. It means: “We have never had colored men on our Board; and we are not going to have them. Our mind is made up. We have unanimously, without a dissenting voice, voted to stand where we have stood from the beginning. Other in- stitutions may elect to have colored men on their boards of trustees and on their professorial staffs; but we, the trustees of Lincoln University, will never consent to it”! That, I say, is an amazing stand for white men, administering the affairs of a colored institution, to take! It is still more amaz- ing when we remember that these men are all professing Christians and some of them
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AUGUST, 1926 ministers of the gospel. I have been asking myself the question, What kind of men are these? Are they right in their minds? Are they men of serious, sober thought? Have they no sense of decency, of the fitness of things? Are they so hopelessly stupid and so blunted in their moral sensibilities that they cannot see that the position which they have taken, and taken, not hastily, but after months of deliberation, is a deliberate insult to every one of the students and graduates of their University and to the whole colored race? In taking this action, they thereby show themselves utterly unfit to occupy any position in any Negro institution. Feel- ing as they do about colored people, there is nothing for them to do, if they are honest men, but to step down and out and make way for men who are big enough and broad enough, and who have developed sufficient Christian character to be willing to affiliate with men of all races and colors. This de- cision on the part of the Board is the most shameful single act in all its long history; and nothing can blot it out, or atone for it, but a prompt revocation of the action, and the resignation of the men who are re- sponsible for it. We knew all along what its position was, although there had been an attempt to conceal it;—but now, for the first time, it has boldly, unblushingly declared it. With this action. deliberately taken, and solemnly announced, the Uni- 197 versity can never hope, as long as the ac- tion remains unrepealed, to win the re- spect of colored man anywhere; nor can it hope to be the means of developing a self- respecting student body. This action strikes at what is most vital to the race: it tends directly to undermine, to destroy racial self- respect. And it is strange that these trus- tees cannot see it. It must be because they do not care to see it, or because they wish to develop a race deficient in self- respect. I do not believe that the men who have given towards the endowment of the University, some of whom I knew, such as the sainted William E. Dodge and others, had any sympathy with the colorphobia which has so long had possession of the Board. It is not because of the wishes of the donors that colored men are kept off the board of trustees and out of professor- ships; but purely and simply because of the narrowness and prejudice of the men who are in control. Some day, though I may not live to see it, a change is bound to come. These old fossils that are now in control will be gone and men of an entirely different type and spirit, high minded, right thinking, God fearing, man loving, will come upon the scene and the good work will go on unembarrassed by the contempti- ble spirit that now stands in the way of its highest usefulness. DOGAN HALL, WILEY COLLEGE, MARSHALL, TEXAS
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THE CRISIS Hampton Institute Hampton, Virginia TEACHERS COLLEGE ture—four-year course leading to de- gree of Bachelor of Science. School of Education—four-year high-school teacher's course leading to degree of Bachelor of Science; and two two-year courses for primary, intermedi- ate and upper-grade teachers. School of Home Economics—four-year course leading to degree of Bachelor of Science; and two-year course. School for Teachers—courses leading to degree of Bachelor of Science and State Certificates. SCHOOL OF BUSINESS Offers four-year course leading to degree of Bachelor of Science and two-year course—aims to prepare men and women for “Cuslness positions or to teach business subjects. LIBRARY SCHOOL Offers one-year, professional course—aims to prepare librarians for normal schools, colleges and branch libraries in city systems. TRADE SCHOOL Offers four-year course leading to degree of Bachelor of Science; and two year course—aims to train skilled builders. FACTS Enrollment, including practice and summer school and classes for teachers in service, 2,251; graduates, 2,753; and ex-students, over 8,800. JAMES E. GREGG, Principal. MOYRD ADVERTISER 1891 1926 AGRICULTURAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE GREENSBORO, NORTH CAROLINA A Technical School of High Grade College courses in Agriculture, En- gineering and Education. A strong Commercial Course, Vo- cational High School and Trade School. Fall Term begins September 15, 1926. For further information address F. D. Bluford, President; Dept. C A. & T. COLLEGE Greensboro, N. C. THE TUSKEGEE NORMAL AND INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE Founded by Dr. Booker T. Washington ~ Youth for Thorough Education Industries and in tA THE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL including arpentry, Bricklayin uto-Me- chanics, Applied Flectricity, Photo graphy, Printing, Machine Shop Practice and Tailoring. THE WOMAN’S INDUSTRIES _ include Home Economics—Courses in Foods, Clothing, Millinery, Applied Art, Laundering, Househ d Management in addition to Home Crafts and Ladies’ Tailoring. THE AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT with 2,000 acres of land offers a comprehensive four-year course in Secondary Agriculture and a full four-year college course in Advanc Agriculture to train young men and women as Farm Demonstration and Home Demonstration ~ mts, Teachers of Agriculture and as Scien- c Farmers. TWO-YEAR COLLEGE COURSES are offered in Education for the training of Teach- ers in Elementary Schools, for Teachers of Me- chanical Industries and in Business Training. FOUR-YEAR COLLEGE COURSES leading to the Bachelor of Science degree are offered in Agriculture and in Home Economics. THE BIBLE TRAINING SCHOOL offers courses in Theological Training and Christian Service for Active Pastors, Sunday Workers and Candidates for the Ministry, in- cluding a Summer School for Ministers for five weeks beginning July 6th. THE JOHN A. ANDREW MEMORIAL HOSPITAL and Nurse Training School pro- vides a three-year course in Nurse Training which qualifies its graduates for registration in all southern states. A SUMMER SCHOOL FOR TEACHERS, of ten weeks, divided into two terms, begin- ning June Ist and meeting the requirements of the Boards of Education of all southern states. Location Unsurpassed Information furnished upon application ROBERT R. MOTON, Principal WILLIAM H. CARTER, Treasurer TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE, ALABAMA Mention Tue Crisis 198 HH | | | | | | | |