The Crisis 1928-09: Vol 35 Iss 9

Page 1

SEPTEMBER /7 > (

Page 2

Another Progressive Step of the Southern Aid Society of Va., Inc. Gratifying reports of improvement in the health and mortality ratings of colored people are frequently noted in the press, but seldom, if ever, is there any credit given the Negro Fraternals, Industrial Sick Benefit, Industrial Life and Ordinary Life Insurance Companies for this commendable race progress. These race institutions by providing during periods of illness or other dis- ability, weekly cash benefits, and by paying promptly death claims following the death of policyholders, and by giving healthful and gainful employment to thousands of colored men and women, have been potent factors in lowering the sick and death rates of the race. In fact, they have made it possible for the humblest as well as the more fortunate homes to have proper medical at- tention, hospital service when needed, proper food and care during periods of illness and disability, thereby materially reducing the periods and frequency of illness and disability and consequently prolonging the lives of thousands of race people. Then, too, the better incomes provided by the employment offered by these institutions have contributed much to the improvement of the home life, health and well-being of the colored people. The Southern Aid Society of Virginia, Inc., was among the pioneers in these health conservation measures, and is pleased to announce that on account of the improvement in the health and mortality status of the race, it will issue, begin- ning July 2, 1928, a more liberal Policy Contract, providing, for One Small Premium, protection against Sickness, Accident and Death. Southern Aid Society of Virginia, Inc. Home Office: 525-7-9 N. 2nd Street, Richmond, Va. Operating in State of Virginia and District of Columbia

Page 3

ALL HONOR TO THE VICTORS! UR Victors’ Club was organized in July, 1927. The first men to qualify for membership, with their standing, are the following: “1928 VICTORS’ CLUB” Amount Name District Paid For . Yearwood, D.N.* New York, N. Y. $180,586.00 . Hubbard, J. E. Cleveland, Ohio 155,410.00 . Bond, J. P. Washington, D. C. 137,237.00 . Holloway, W. H. Newark, N. J. 110,950.00 . Thornton, L.W.* New York, N. Y. 107,185.00 . Harris, H. E. New York, N. Y. 104,063.00 . Oliver, G. F., Sr. Dallas, Texas 103,501.00 . Stephens, R..E.* Chicago, Illinois 103,125.00 . Robinson, W. H. Houston, Texas 100,648.00 io CoN QAM th YY KN * (These men had their first insurance experience with this Company, and have been in the business less than two years.) To qualify for membership in the Victors’ Club an agent of this Company has to secure at least $100,000.00 of insurance within the year on the annual premium basis—semi-annual and quarterly premiums reduce the credit proportionately. The second week in August at the Annual Home-Coming of our agents, these men were the guests of the Company with full expenses to Chicago and return, with all the resources of Chicago at their disposal for a well earned vacation. Some idea of the real public appreciation of the Victory Life policy may be had from the fact that new men without life insurance experience joined our organization and made the Victors’ Club their first year. “1929 VICTORS’ CLUB NOW FORMING” If you want the opportunity to make money with an organization that doesn’t mind being proud of you, make your reservation for the 1929 Victors’ Club now. We are not par- ticular about agents of other companies. New men without previous experience, provided they have a high school education or better, do just as well. A square peg, tired of a round hole, may find every facility for adjustment and increased earnings with this organization. Write today for your place. Victory Life Insurance Company Home Office: 3621 South State St. Chicago, IIl. “POR THE CROWNING ACHIEVEMENT OP SECURING THE ADMISSION OF TES $200,000.00 Capital and the Only Negro Company Operating Under the Vie. Life Insurance Company” Supervision of the New York Insurance Department.” AS THE FIRST NEGRO ORGANIZATION aa PBRMITTED TO DO INSURANCE BUSINESS Policies may be secured from our agents or by mail anywhere UNDER THE RIGID REQUIREMENTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK" in the United States September, 1928

Page 4

HOME OF PORO TOILET PREPARATIONS Se | Complete | Dining | Facilities | ebokebePobabed baled is

—_ ees <a ibe ne i ; r eh k an atmosphe Accommodations for Ladies and Gentlemen who see re of quiet refinement ow There are openings for enterprising race women to increase their earnings as PORO Agents, employing either their spare or full time

PORO COLLEGE | — =< Write for particulars —- — | 4300 St. Ferdinand Ave. Annie M. Turnbo-Malone, Founder and Sole Owner St. Louis, Mo., U.S.A. |

Fisk [University IN THE CITY OF NASHVILLE TK The College Accredited four year liberal arts college. With 12 major departments. The Crisis Book Mart HIS department is for the convenience of our readers. Let us secure for you the books and the music of any publisher.

Special Introductory Offer THE CRISIS 69 Fifth Avenue New York City

Music Department College major leading to B.A. . degree. Diploma in music.

Graduate Department Graduate work in Chemistry, English, History, Philosophy and Sociology. Enclosed please find $1.00 for a ten months’ new subscription to The Crisis. eee eee eee eee ees ese esene seh wz cee erereeeseeseseeseessee

“or

ow For Particulars, Address THE DEAN eT LARA ee ea, ~~~ een pata pirat er ager ta 8 Fisk University Foreign postage 20c extra. Nashville, Tenn.

Tue Crisis

Page 5

eral jor tt try, phy Crisis W. E. BuRGHARDT Dv Bois, Editor AS THE CROW FLIES ALONG THE COLOR LINE. O your tents, Oh Israel !—The campaign is on and the technique is simple. Align and mobilize all the old prejudices.—In the South where there is some slight danger that intelli- gent and conscientious white people may bolt the Democratic machine, we learn that “white supremacy is in dan- ger’.—We understand that Recon- struction after the Civil War was a hor- rible experience and that the Negro was responsible therefor.—To your tents, Oh Israel !—In the West, there is some slight danger that conscientious and in- telligent people will want to punish the Republicans for neglecting the in- terests of the farmers.—Let the one hundred per cent Americans in Iowa, Indiana, Dakota and that region be- ware of liquor and the Pope of Rome; look out for the immigrant and the foreigner ; vote for John Brown, New England and abolition—vTo your tents, Oh Israel!—Among Negroes there is a slight, a very slight, danger that Negroes may resent the Lily White policy of Herbert Hoover; in which case, let them beware of the “Jim Crow” South. Let them re- member the Democratic Convention The Crisis is published monthly and sociation for the Advancement a Colore ne i % Y. 15 cents a copy, $1.50 @ year. When _ expiration eac: subscription is September, 1928 Volume 35, No.9 Contents for September, 1928 — whole no. 215 FRONTISPIECE. Hotel Somerville, Los Angeles. ................ THE POSSIBILITY OF DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA. By W. E. Burghardt Du Bois. ............... NO WHITE WOMAN. A Story. By A. L. Shands. .............. 297 THE LITTLE PAGE. Illustrated. By Effie Lee Newsome. ........ THE POET’S CORNER. Poems by Thomas J. Flanagan, Blanch T. Dickinson, Walter Everett Waring, Mae V. Cowdery. .............. 300 THE BROWSING READER. ..... THE OUTER POCKET. .......... BS, ee ee re see yee ee THE FAR HORIZON. ............. PORT SCHIG is ee re es See EA Ge 5 6 Sis ha ie wiewin de tinea vies yrighted by the National As- Pogple at 69 Fifth Avenue, ‘oreign subscriptions $1.75. subscription is printed on the wrapper. ue a blue renewal blank is enclosed. The address of a subscriber may be changed as often as desired, but both the 2d and THE CRISIS A Record of the Darker Races Pierce McN. THompson, Page COVER. Drawing. By Joyce S. Carrington. 294 295 299 301 302 304 310 311 ou Wide As the Crow Flies OO OSS eee and the Houston riot and lynching. Let them not forget the Asheville Con- ference. Let them remember slavery and disfranchisement.—By the time all of these things are remembered, we shall have an edifying spectacle! Three gentlemen, two white and one colored, all dressed up and nowhere to go.— They are, respectively, the intelligent Southern white man, the intelligent Western farmer and the intelligent black American. If they should all unite, they could carry the election; but they will not unite. With all their intelligence, they have not enough intelligence for that.—Well, we have got our International Peace Treaty. All the chief fighters of the world are sign- ing it gayly. This treaty, as signed by the United States, France, England, Germany, Japan and others, announces that none of these nations in the fu- ture will fight unless they want to. ty for their Business Manager ees -, Our October Number is. Chil- dren’s Number. « We want in- teresting pictures of children. We cannot promise to publish all that we receive and in no case can pictures be returned if they are used. Our study of Southern Disfranchisement will be continued and there will be other interesting features, in- cluding a biography of the late Bishop Delaney. ry” This is a step in the right direction. Often in the past, nations have fought when they didn’t want to.—The grief in the United States over the assassina- tion of Obregon is tempered by the fear that this, after all, may not throw Mexico into such confusion that the National City Bank can interfere. Of course, there is still hope——The battle of Italy and Russia at the North Pole seems to have put the Facisti at a dis- tinct disadvantage as compared with the Soviets—And China too is again disappointing the white folks. Why can’t it keep on fighting instead of settling down under a Nationalist gov- ernment and bringing up that tiresome question of treaties ?—Coolidge has ex- plained the Civil War and slavery. It was nobody’s fault. It was just “in- evitable”. What a comforting thought for fools and cowards today.—When a champion boxing pug retires with a million what is more fitting than a course in philosophy at the Sorbonne? —England prepares for a general elec- tion with socialists and aristocrats locking horns on unemployment in England. Meantime India and the colonies may go hang. new address must be given and two weeks’ notice is nece. scripts and drawings relating to colored be accompanied by return postage and assumes no responsibili safety im transit. second class matter November 2, 1910, at ¢ at N. York, N. Y., under the act of March 8, 1879. oe ae a oe . Me eople are desir cd. Fhey one Crisis uses every care @ Entered as 293 a itepe sr cn aes

Page 6

Angeles. California Los Street, + 3 = + ~ 8 - = & 2 = “ Central Hotel Somerville,

Page 7

Hotel Somerville, Central Avenue at 41st Street, Los Angeles. California N the presidential campaign just be- | ginning one question transcends all others. ‘This question which tran- scends, in its importance and imme- diacy, the questions of farm relief, flood control, national control of super- power, liquor and the tariff, is the question as to how far the policies of this government are going to be con- trolled by the vote of its citizens. In other words, we cannot take up the various pressing questions con- fronting us until we settle this matter of ultimate democratic control. De- spite tradition and assumption, this question is not settled. The propor- tion of actual voters among the voting population of the United States is be- tween twenty-five and thirty-three per cent out of sixty million citizens twenty-one years of age and over. The loss of interest in voting or the prevention by various means and methods of allowing citizens to exer- cise the right to vote, is a national phenomenon. Nowhere in the United States is there a voting population of seventy per cent of those qualified as in Eastern Canada, or seventy to eighty per cent as in France, Belgium, Hol- land, Germany and Switzerland. We do not even reach the ‘sixty-four per cent of Italy and South America and, of course, the eighty or ninety per cent of Australia is apparently beyond our dreams. R, to put it another way; in 1920 we had both a presidential elec- tion and a decennial census; so that for the first time in twenty years we knew the population at the time of an election. In that election, the follow- ing percentage of citizens twenty-one years of age and over did not vote in the several states: Per Cent Per Cent South Carolina . ....92 Wyoming .......... 46 Mississippi .......... 91 Nebraska .......... 46 EEE cei. a ckinies - 89 Michigan .......... 45 Louisiana ............ 86 South Dakota ..... 44 Texas | 2 - New Vor °..0. 050. 44 Virginia 000 0 900 Ryn HRD we. 5 ip dhe cee 44 BD 50. .00..500 Ee MIE ne cahes seg ae Alabama ............ 79 . Connecticut . - 43 are, fee eee Tennessee ........... 65 New Jersey ........ 41 Pennsylvania ........ 58 West Virginia .... 39 h Carolina....... 56 Idaho ....... rena eS 39 Vermont ............. 55 Montana ........... 39 Maine .. -.»... 58 New Mexico ...... 38 zona ....., S8 «Nevada ......:..... 38 ND ss... oeecMh. OUND es. casesaleie ds 38 mamoma ........... 83 Towa ....... cot Mlinois ....... .... 50 New Hampshire... 33 Minnesota .......... 49 Missouri ........... 33 SE ss...0..5050 SEMIN pote cals.) Washington ......... 48 North Dakota ..... 30 Wisconsin ....... 48 ‘Kentucky ......... 29 eS — Or Eee Massachusetts ..._... 47° + Delaware .......... 25 The largest percentage of voluntary and involuntary disfranchisement is in South ; but it is not confined to the September, 1928 The Possibility of Democracy in America By W. E. BURGHARDT DvuBOIS oe a This article was originally prepared for the Stock-Taking and Fact-Find- ing Conference which met in Durham, North Carolina, in December, 1927. With some additions and revisions it was delivered again before the open- ing meeting of the 19th Annual N. A. A.C. P. Conference at Los Angeles in June, 1928. It appears in print for the first time and will be published in two parts. “a wis South. Over one-half the adults of Pennsylvania, Vermont, Maine and California stayed from the poles and nearly one-half the voting population of Illinois, Minnesota, Washington, Wisconsin, Oregon, Massachusetts, Wyoming, Nebraska and Michigan. In only one state in the United States did three-fourths of the voters go to the poles and in only eight states did two-thirds go. This is a serious thing. The theory of democracy does not call for equality of gift, universal college education or absolute individual integrity; but it does depend upon the widest possible consultation with the mass of citizens on the theory that only in this way can you consult ultimate authority and ultimate sovereignty. This theory may be wrong. Possibly the United States is ready to adopt a restricted ballot and base sovereignty upon an elec- torate limited by education, occupa- tion, ability, birth, wealth, race, or some combination of these factors. Possibly we are ready for Italian syndi- calistic oligarchy or Spanish dictator- ship. But if this is true we must face the change frankly and adopt it logi- cally. We must not drift further as we are doing. For a generation the possibility of any rational consultation of the public will in this country has been fading. ODAY, the difference in the rela- tive political power of the various states and groups of states is so enor- mous in the United States that no American has any right to sneer at Old Sarum or at the conditions that brought the first English Reform Bill. This can be illustrated by a table which shows the number of votes cast in the various states for the election of each of that state’s representatives in Congress: ’ ; The stranger from Mars looking at this table would immediately ask: “Why is it that the citizens from 1920 South Carolina 9,449 Idaho sana 67,471 Mississippi 10,312 Nerth Carolina.. 68,592 Georgia St 12,394 Maryland ....... 71,211 Louisiana 15,733 Kansas... .. 71,278 Texas .. 22,973 Connecticut ..... 72,802 WOT WNOR ccc akan . OL, Maga ian nc bulls 72,914 Alabama ........ 24,107 Colorado ........ 73,013 Arkansas ....... 25,801 Minnesota ...... 73,584 Nevada .... . 27,194 New Jersey...... 75,333 Florida oe e-. 36,706 i. Se 76,174 Tennessee ...... 42,863 NER + bck in cdeee 77,425 Vermont ........ 44,965 Washington .... 78,720 Maine .:.......- 49,383 New Hampshire. 70,372 Pennsylvania ... 51,380 Michigan ....... 70,406 North Carolina . 53,874 IOS es tei dst 81,281 Rhode Island ... 55,795 Missouri ........ 83,165 Wyoming .. . 56,199 Kentucky ....... 83,519 South Dakota... 60,373 West Virginia... 84,990 Oklahoma ... 60,572 California ....... 85,759 Massachusetts .. 62,507 Montana ........ 89,502 Wisconsin .. 63,753 C) eae 91,795 Nebraska 63,776 Delaware ....... 94,756 Arizona ......... 66,687 ImGiene 55 «si sea 97,108 New York .. 67,338 New Mexico..... 105,131 South Carolina should have eleven times as much political power as the citizens of New Mexico?” Or: “How can a voter in Massachusetts have fifty per cent more power than the voter in Indiana?” If we group the states geographi- cally we find that in 1920 the Pacific and Northwestern States cast 1,945,- 504 votes for 24 representatives in Congress, or 81,067 votes per con- gressman. The Middle West States cast 10,088,606 votes for 127 repre- senatives, or 79,439 votes per repre- sentative. The Border States cast 4,194,509 votes for 58 representatives, or 72,319 votes per representative. The Southwest States cast 636,893 votes tor 9 representatives, or 70,766 votes per representative. The Middle At- lantic States cast 5,649,216 votes for 91 representatives or 61,079 votes per representative. The New England States cast 967,711 votes for 32 repre- sentatives, or 61,492 votes per repre- sentative. Contrast this with the South, which cast only 2,175,007 votes and yet with them elected 94 repre- sentatives, or only 23,138 votes per representative. Or put it another way, a million voters elect: On the Pacific Coast—12 Congress- men. In the Middle West—13 Congress- men. In New England—16 Congressmen. In the South—45 Congressmen. EW England has an enormous ad- vantage over the Northwest and considerable over the Middle West, while the political advantage of the South is so extraordinary as to force consideration of its peculiar situation. When one gets thus far in the argu- ment, there arises in the mind of the average American reader the fact that the whole argument involves, at least 295 gh a ETS 1s . j eI GNA I SRR SS Tee

Page 8

in large part, the South; and brings back the almost forgotten question of Negro suffrage. This is true; but the object of this paper is to impress the fact that the question at issue is much larger than this and that no matter what the discussion involves, it must be discussed, or else democratic govern- ment in the United States is impossible. Senator Swanson of Virginia has just said in the Senate: “The South has exercised her con- stitutional rights to eliminate a class of ignorant, shiftless and corrupt voters.” Other states like Massachusetts have disfranchised the illiterate and, of course, the un-naturalized foreigners. There is no doubt that any modern democratic community faced by a large amount of ignorance, unusual poverty and political corruption must in some way defend itself. In the defense which the South attempted to make against ignorance, poverty and corrup- tion, she had the moral support of the majority of citizens of the United States. But it is over a half century since the 15th Amendment was pro- claimed and a full generation since the new Southern disfranchisement was be- gun. At that time to disfranchise the poor and ignorant automatically ex- cluded the great mass of the black men from the ballot. Today, a large num- ber is still poor and illiterate. But today it is also true that large num- bers of black men are disfranchised not because of ignorance or thriftlessness but simply and frankly because they are black. A critical time of considera- tion is approaching. Any day a case like the Texas primary may appear in the Supreme Court which will gravely challenge present methods and it is doubtful if any mere appeal to mob law against any such decision will be tolerated even in the South. Surely then the time has come for a careful, dispassionate consideration—not so much of the political condition of the South as of the effect which the politi- cal legislation of the South from 1890 to 1909 has had upon the politics of the nation. IRST and foremost, it is necessary for the nation to ask the Southern States what it is they wish today to disfranchise—race or condition? If the first is what they propose, that is illegal and can only be done by con- stitutional amendment. There may be reasons which appeal to Americans why disfranchisement by race is de- sirable. be inaugurated. There has been a demand for this from a few persons North and South. But the reason that such a campaign has not been seriously suggested, is, of course, clear: the nation would logi- 296 If so, such a campaign should cally demand first and foremost that if Negroes as such, are legally excluded from the right of suffrage, they should not be counted as a basis of repre- sentation either in Congress or the state legislatures. In the founding of the American republic, New England demanded that representation in Con- gress be based on the free population. Its stand was logically impregnable, and the only real, albeit unspoken argument that led to compromise, was the feeling that eventually the slave population was going to disappear, either by emancipation into freedom or by deportation. Until this time, slaves were to count two-fifths of the white population in determining representa- tion. With the 13th Amendment, Ne- groes, although still economically en- slaved, counted as five-fifths. With the new disfranchising laws, they still count just as fully as the white popu- lation. But this again was permitted on the tacit assumption that these laws were temporary in their application— that when the freedmen learned to read and write, accumulated property and established a modern, cultural life, they would be allowed to vote on the same terms as other Americans. Not only was this a former assumption of the North—it was the plain state- ment and repeated promise of the South. T is, then, but reasonable that if the South wishes now to change the constitution and laws of the United States and make it possible to exclude men from voting 9n account of race and color—that the test of its sincerity is its willingness in that case not to count the colored population as a basis for representation. If on the other hand the South merely wishes to get rid of an elec- torate too ignorant, too poverty stricken and corrupt to vote honestly, it has already a multiplicity of laws on the subject. But laws of this sort ought so to be drawn and administered as to encourage education and thrift and honesty and their proper test is the gradual disappearance of illiteracy and the gradual enfranchisement of Negroes, otherwise, they are ineffective and dangerous. As a matter of fact, just whom does the South disfranchise? It is difficult to get an official record of voting in the United States and especially diffi- cult in the South with regard to the voting of Negroes. In Louisiana the state furnishes a fairly accurate official record. In the election for President in 1924, there were 274,592 white persons registered and 980 Negroes. The white popu- lation of the state in 1920 was 1,096,- 611; the Negro popuiation was /()().. 257. Of these, 564,933 whites were 21 years of age and over, and 359,25) Negroes. Of the adult Negroes 229. 980 were reported as illiterate. The leaves 129,271 who can read and write. The statistics of illiteracy are inaccy- rate. Still, it would seem reasonable to suppose that at least 100,000 Lou- isiana Negroes were men of average intelligence, able to read and write. Nearly eighty percent of the Negro population, 10 years of age and over, is engaged in gainful occupations, and includes 164,109 farmers, 52,687 in manufacturing and mechanical indus- tries, 21,802 working in transporta- tion, 6,700 engaged in trade, 1,983 in the public service, 3,385 in professional service, 1,308 clerks and 54,370 ser- vants. Moreover, among the Negroe; there were more than 10,000 person; who owned their farms, and in add) tion to these farmers, 28,906 Negroe owned their homes. The total prop erty owned by Negroes of Louisiana i _not actually known but judging from Georgia, Virginia and North Carolina, where records are kept, it cannot be less than $75,000,000. ET out of all these people, only 980 were allowed to register and vote and the number of Negro reg- istered voters has decreased almost by half in the last 16 years, as there were 1,743 registered in 1908. Manifestly Louisiana is disfranchising mainly by race and not simply for illiteracy or shiftlessness. In Alabama, there were reported 269,847 Negroes 21 years of age and over who could read and write in 1920. Careful inquiry shows that “there are not more than 3,500 Ne- groes voting in the state of Alabama and less than 1,000 in the city of Birmingham”. In Macon County, for instance, where Tuskegee Institute is situated, there are 4,927 Negroes 21 years of age and over who can read and write, and of these 22 are registered voters. In Montgomery County, containing the capital of the state, out of 13,973 literate Negroes, 21 years of age and over, 41 are registered. In Mobile County, out of 17,375 literate Negroes 21 years of age and over, 958 are registered. In the city of Birmingham, among the most progressive of the industrial- ized Negro group, out of 33,655 Ne- groes 21 years of age and over, who can read and write, less than 1,000 are registered voters. . N Mississippi, according to a cafe- ful inquiry made in 1927, there are at present 850 Negroes registered, out (Will you please turn to page 314) Tue Crisis

Page 9

t be only and reg- st by were estly y by y oF orted » and te in that ) Ne- bama ty of tance, uated, irs of write, ters. aining 13,973 re and 17,375 re and among istrial- 5 Ne- r. who )00 are a care- ere are ed, out 2 314) HEN Richard Cutney had W bought the Parmley place Tom ad been among the “appurtenances thereof”. With a passive dignity strange in a Negro under thirty, he had greeted his new master and his young wife. Cutney, forty, a country editor for years with a propensity for chivalrous and humanitarian verse, had played with lines for a more splendid “Man with the Hoe” ever since his frst view of Tom. The tall broad muscular body of the Negro, tapering into a small compact black skull whose covering of hair seemed, at a distance, carved out of the same hard material ; the grace of the man in motion or in repose; his delight in sounds, colors, textures; above all, his animal, intelli- gent, comprehending eyes. All these made Cutney feel his own pallor more, ashamed of his face that showed red blotches and smarted after shaving, conscious of his preposterous body as it idled comically in the bath-tub. But he was humanitarian and did not hold the contrast against the man; quite apart from petty afflictions of the nose and throat and skin, there was the manifest Caucasian superiority of mind. Between tedious reports of county board proceedings, long lists of per- sonals, innocuous editorials on the weather and such matters, initialled poems on woman—spring—faith—hope —or charity, the pale Cutney found time to develop a new theory of the sundering of the species wherein the superman, carrying a colossal head up- on a puny body equipped with spindly legs, directed from his perch a swarm of toiling Hercules. After which com- forting vision, the editor might take his pill to counteract the hyperacidity of his stomach. UT Cutney did not always build defenses. His was too kindly a nature. There were glamorous south- ern nights, heavy with the smell of earth and growing things yet febrile with staccato insect noises, when the editor and Marion, his wife, sat on the veranda and listened with pleasure to the singing of the Negro. Tom sat on the back steps, his throat in a mel- low, husky, restless activity. The col- ored maid, Genevieve, leaned in the doorway, sometimes adding a shrill ac- companiment off-key. The night was 4 warm and glowing spray, slowly Penetrating to the deeply hidden dis- quietudes of the soul. Her face a glis- September, 1928 No White Woman A Story By A. L. SHANDS tening black, Genevieve held large knotted hands to her swelling breasts. On the front porch the slender Marion’s tongue moistened her lips, while one clammy palm nursed a tightening fist. Cutney puffed on a long thin black cigar. His tongue fondled the prettiness of a worn-out poesy. Tom’s body leaned forward, while his hands played idly but rhyth- mically with a piece of string. His eves now gazed gently on the bits of glass that studded-a velvet sky, and then on the blue of the stirring earth. Four bodies gathered here had some- how lost their workaday habiliments. Tom, only, wore his nakedness with candor, without the squeamishess that expressed itself in involuntary stirrings, in words that carelessly glossed over a troubling murmur. Cutney considered his wife, hastily telescoping an uninteresting chronology to its immediate cross-section. Her twenty-five years of careful breeding and their successful efflorescence in marriage occupied him for a moment; they were proper. And, now, this en- raptured bit of color needed placing in that scheme: her moist, excited ab- sorption in Tom’s singing as its words slurred and circled faintly around the heuse into a drowsy insignificance. ‘That, too, was as it should be. “Wo- man and song”. His mind doted on such correlatives, although this par- ticular pair he squeezed of its bawdy juices and hung upon his poetic line to dry. Cutney—it is a clue to the date of his chivalric attitude—never, in his distorted Neitzscheanism, contem- plated the possibility of the large- headed, spindle-legged female. Prob- ably his Darwinism was as weak as his metric structures. Anyhow, his philosophy dealt with a reproduction of kind only in a foot-note, carefully edited. A celibacy of forty years had quite slaked him of youthful obsessions on that subject. Now, he was married two whole years and had not been shocked either into disgust or discovery. N the spell of certain sounds Marion would clutch his hand, fold and un- told his fingers. She would catch her breath, audibly, during a melancholy baying at the moon. These reactions were explicable to Cutney on the grounds that she was a woman and that she was young. He could not compare her with the moon-struck Genevieve, who, though young and a woman, had not that civilized appreciation for the cool maturity that was his main pride and asset. No, appreciation was not the word—for Genevieve, robust and sweating, had often stammered ques- tions for his wisdom to unravel. The point was that Marion loved him for that same worldly (‘old world”, he called it) tolerance and air. Gene- vieve had large bewildered eyes—and a squat figure that never found repose im an acutely angular universe. Yet she had, too, a mind (Cutney had al- leged), a child’s mind that wanted to know why. The master, who was a benevolent despot without the will or strength of tyranny, loaned her books which she invariably left unread, and even was inclined to chide her, with a bespectacled and kindly humor, for loving Tom who showed no intellectual curiosity. Cutney had never under- stood her defense that Tom really knew. “He answers my questions—but he don’ talk,”’ she had said. Cutney had repeated that crypticism, which he considered a choice morsel of illiteracy, to Marion. She mused for a while, and then nodded in a slow af- firmative: “She loves him.” Which proved, for the mth time to Cutney, that love was blind and wo- men were funny. In his poems he called one divine and the other enig- matic. SMALL town is a better place A than a city for the almost his- tological study of character. Even gos- sip may be charitably construed as erroneously focussed microscopic glimp- ses of sections of a man’s character. In a household, especially one that is fairly isolated because of the asocial instincts of its master, the opportunities for such study become pressing neces- sities. Even the dullest mind will be goaded into habits of close scrutiny and even generalization by repeated con- tacts with inexplicable and somehow tantalizing specimens of humanity. Perhaps Cutney thought too much about Tom and his significance, thought of the matter to the point of morbidity. (But not beyond because the editor was sane, within non-Freud- ian limits.) How could he help it? The self-possession of the Negro was gigantic. He did not shamble, he did not bow, he did not flunky. Of course, Cutney was democratic; but here there was no opportunity for the assertion of such an attitude. The man, in fact— and here was the rub—towered over 297 ot Sohne item ae 2 EY Sa ee aa

Page 10

his master. He was called in to make repairs at which Cutney was so inept. He stood, smiling and bareheaded, in the hot sun, while Cutney squirmed and wilted. He accepted rain and storm, and every kind of weather, with equal and untarnished equanimity, while each brought new and ever-un- solved problems to his master. He spoke little and his face was calm; yet no malicious stretching of the imagina- tion could label him an imbecile. Nor was he apathetic. He trimmed lawns and hedges with an eye for beauty; he re-painted the house more than ade- quately. He held warm, busy little chicks in the palm of his hand and showed delight. Once Cutney had found him running the shining patent leather of a new pair of pearl-buttoned shoes against his cheek. The editor’s scarcely veiled contempt was inapro- pos; and the editor felt without admit- ting it. HE unhealthy verdigris of his twisted envy became somehow ciassified with his dyspeptic symptoms. But it got less sympathy. There, for in- stance, was the annoying and idoitic adulation that sweated from every pore of the awkward Genevieve. No doubt she cooked choice foods for Tom. Their silence for hours in the back of the house augmented Cutney’s bitterness. That sort of thing couldn’t go on in his house—but what to do, what to say, without being ridiculous? He thought of irate and door-swinging exposures of the sinning pair—but the possible silliness of thus exposing a romantic innocence restrained him. And then there was his wife, who—he knew— knew not of such irregularities. One Sunday his after-dinner stroll brought him to the bank of a quietly meandering stream and, in it, moving lazily and silently like a great black fish, was Tom. ‘The hackneyed poetic allusions that such a stroll always stimulated suddenly Jost all their flavor, point and piquancy. He watched long glistening arms cut the water noise- lessly, rhythmically. ‘Tom’s eyes were closed; the languid curvings of his form were like movements in some studied ritual. The alternate shine of his body as it appeared above the sur- face and the dark blot it made below were the light and shade, the rise and tall of the curious ceremony . . . Tom dragged his body to the opposite bank and walked about—a polished giant with his compact head held high. He stretched his arms in a gesture of em- brace; and, finally, lay naked, gleam- ing wet, upon the grass. Cutney’s walk was spoiled ; his middle-aged lyri- cism soured. Oh, he supposed, there was physical love, it being nature’s method and all that. Really, Gene- vieve and Tom ought to marry. Cut- 298 ney would have no objection so long as they both stayed. He saw himself giving counsel to the wedded pair; he saw Tom’s cool, intelligent, devastat- ing eyes—oh, damn the man! A corner of his mind was conscious of the absurdity of his situation: al- ways seeking to pick flaws in a young Negro. That consciousness kept him from finding an outlet for his dissatis- faction in his wife who was usually so excellent a listener. The necessity for justification grew upon him, so that his editorials soon showed an incipient new animus. NE night that it rained Cutney congratulated himself on his si- lence. It became plain that Marion ad- mired the Negro, enjoyed the elemental quality of his singing much. She had in- vited Tom that night into the sitting- room—to sing. Astonished, Cutney had acquiesced in her request to do this. He was not sorry—for, somehow, he triumphed over the tenseness that grew with the evening. Between songs Tom’s eyes, seeking rest, had flitted from every daintiness to every rigidity of the room’s furnishings until they grew confused. Marion began to flush with sympathy for the man’s agony. And Cutney sat, smiling gently, stroking his chin like a wise patriarch. In this room and on this occasion his superior dignity was manifest. In his elation he, mentally, drew away and left the Negro and his wife together and alone. ... It was Cutney who finally proposed adjournment; Marion led Tom to the door—too quickly for Cutney who had primed himself for the delivery of an ambiguous congratu- lation to Tom. His thoughts were pleasant, however, and he treasured them for use in a contemplated article on “Aspects of Negro Music”. His technical ignorance did not trouble him. While working on a first and very unsatisfactory draft the irrelevant memory came to him that Tom had been wearing an old shirt of his own that night. That collar must have been tight. The editor felt his throat for a moment and thought of the word “delicacy” which later he incorporated into his essay in a disparaging comment on his subject. Before leaving for the three-day convention of country editors and pub- lishers in Washington, Cutney broached the matter of her future to Gene- vieve. He achieved a feeling of gentle exaltation as he passed platitudinous judgments on life and love and relevant topics. He spoke with feeling on the disadvantages of “keeping company” too long. “I’d marry Tom any day,” Gene- vieve said. “Only he ain’t ready yet.” She was sad, and her eyes rolled in a sudden upheaval of melancholy. “You might speak to Tom,” she suggested hesitantly, UTNEY promised but postponed execution until his return from the convention. Instead, he spoke to his wife. She urged him, with feryor to keep out of the affair. . “Anyhow, I think he’s too good for her,” she said. Cutney protested, adducing the maid’s domesticity, stolidity. Marion, pressed for reasons, could only stam. mer finally: “Well, I don’t care one way or the other.” Thus the matter rested. Cutney proceeded to Washington where he swelled up agreeably before declama- tions on his duty to the nation and the nation’s dependence on him. He re- turned from that warm and billowy at- mosphere to encounter the cold and jagged edges of an unrelieved disaster, The train brought him to town shortly after ten o’clock that morning, His telephone was ringing as he en- tered his office. It was Genevieve— incoherent, wildly excited. Tom was gone, he learned ,—disap- peared. Marion was in bed, hysterical. Something terrible had happened, and it wasn’t Tom’s fault, the maid in- sisted. That was all Cutney could make of her incoherence, outside of the fact that he was wanted—and a doctor. He called for Dr. Prennel on the way, and they drove to Cutney’s home. Both went immediately to Marion's room, followed by a gesticulating maid, moaning, babbling of a vanished Tom. The doctor took one hasty glance at the patient and gently shoved the other two out of the room. “You'll have to leave us alone for a while,” he said. UTNEY had seen a pale moist face and wide staring eyes; a slight murmur had come from the drivelling mouth. He and Genevieve stood in the hall for a while, Cutney bare- headed, hat in hand, still in a daze. “Where’s Tom?” he asked. “T dunno,” she wailed. ‘“He’s run away—I dunno where. It’s her fault —all her—” “What’s her fault—what did she do?” “She brought ’im in las’ night—to sing. You know, like las’ time—” “Well, what of it—didn’t he want to sing? What happened 2” “She done it. She made ’im—” Prennel opened the door of the bed- room. “Come in, Cutney,” he called. “She’s unconscious now,” he began, after he had closed the door behind the husband. “I had to give her an opiate. She needs rest—too nervous, pretty far gone, in fact.” (Will you please turn to page 315) THe Crisis

Page 11

she stponed n from poke to fervor, ‘ood for 1g the Marion, y stam- are one Cutney lere he eclama- and the He re. OWY at- ld and lisaster, town orning, he en- vieve— —disap- terical, d, and aid in- could of the doctor, on the home. arion’s ‘maid, Tom. nce at : other fora st face slight elling od in bare- e. $ run fault 1 she it—to

Page 12

Page 13

F i Monroe N. Work, 4 Bibliography of the Negro in Africa and America. The H. W. Wilson Company, New York. HIS monumental work of 698 7 large octavo pages is the most complete bibliography on the Negro published. Mr. Work, for many years head of the Department of Records and Research at Tuskegee Institute, has been helped in his compilation by a grant of the Carnegie Corporation of New York and the Phelps-Stokes Fund. The result is a list of nearly 40,000 books, pamphlets and maga- zine articles on the Negro in America and in Africa. The casual reader can not, of course, determine its complete- ness and accuracy, but what few tests we have applied sustain the apparent thoroughness of the work. Some flaws are evident. For instance: it would have helped reference to have varied the page headings; one wonders why White’s translation of Felix Dubois’ “Timbuktu the Mysterious” was not noted or what led to the omission of Chesnutt’s biography of Frederick Douglass; and, by the way, Chesnutt’s name is misspelled; “José Clarana’” is only a pseudonym for Jaime Gil. There are doubtless numbers of such minor mistakes; but there can be no doubt but that the whole work is a gigantic and worthy accomplishment and will long be a guide to literature on the Negro. The Saturday Evening Quill of the Saturday Evening Quill Club. Boston, Mass., June, 1928. F the booklets issued by young Ne- gro writers in New York, Phila- delphia and elsewhere, this collection from Boston is by far the most inter- esting and the best. It has drawings by Roscoe Wright, poems by Waring Cuney and George R. Margetson, to- gether with stories and articles by Dorothy West, Eugene Gordon, Flor- ida R. Ridley and others. It is well printed and readable and maintains a high mark of literary excellence. We shall hope to have another number. z We acknowledge the receipt of The Mutawakkili of As-Suyuti”, a translation of the Arabic text, with introduction notes and indices by Dr. William Y. Bell. This is Dr. Bell’s thesis at Yale University for the h. D. degree and is a treatise on the September, 1928 | THE BROWSING READER | The best sellers at the 19th Annual Conference of the N. A. A. C. P., Los Angeles. 1. Du Bois’s “Dark Princess” 2. Johnson’s “God’s Trom- bones” 3. Cullen’s “Caroling Dusk” 4. Larsen’s “Quicksand” 5. Johnson’s “Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man” 6. Fauset’s “There is Confu- foreign words trom various African and Asiatic languages which appear in the Koran, the bible of the Moham- medans. Both the Arabic text and the translation are published. W. E. B. D. IN THE MAGAZINES ie May the colored students of the University of Cincinnati issued the first number of The New Horizon. The contributions to the two numbers we have examined are, for the most part, amateurish, but here and there are promising bits. This marks a de- parture from the tradition of Negroes in northern institutions, where, ex- cept in too few instances when they have contributed to white student pub- lications, they have been inarticulate. We shall watch The New Horizon with interest. The Nation for April 18 carries “Beauty Instead of Ashes” in which Alain Locke discusses the present trend of the Negro in art. Dr. Locke says that the younger Negro school has em- phasized three things: realistic fiction, folk plays and type analysis; and that instead of becoming sullen under pov- erty and oppression, the Negro is creat- ing “beauty out of the ashes”. International Review of Missions for July carries an article on “Biology and African Education” by S. A. Hammond. Mr. Hammond, who has been engaged in school work in Africa for many years, says that Africa needs a definite aim expressed in terms of school practice. Practical work and scientific technique, he says, are in- complete without the knowledge of life; and in order to give the African a firm foundation for higher education, he must be taught that life and the cul- tural branches of learning have a defi- nite correlation. In the same issue of International Review of Missions Sister M. C. Mag- dalen discusses the “Education of Girls in Southern Nigeria”. Until recently education of native girls has been neg- lected, but it is now being taken up with enthusiasm. Sister Magdalen says that the big work before educators in Africa is to build up a system of education for youth and to prepare teachers who will evolve an African system of education. The article is loaded with patronizing good will, the spirit of uplift and sentimentality. William Beebe in the Af?lantic Monthly for July takes us to the rugged shore of Haiti to visit “The Fiddlers by the Sea”. Mr. Beebe has interwoven his story of the fiddler crabs with descriptions of the magic coral sea and colorful pictures of mahogany-hued natives. W. Sherman Savage in The W, rld Tomorrow for July gives us a 1ew interpretation of ‘The Fourtee ith Amendment”. At the time the Amead- ment was under consideration, indi- viduals and joint-stock companies were appealing to Congress for protection against local and state taxes. There- fore the framers of the Amendment hoped, by writing it in indefinite lan- guage, to protect not only the rights of the Negro, but to protect all indi- viduals and joint-stock companies who were seeking relief. Thus, since its inception in 1868, the Fourteenth Amendment has shifted its application and has become, for the most part, the “good angel” to corporations in their fight against State control. In the same issue of The World Tomorrow Lorine Pruette discusses the fallacy of “The Instinct of Race Prejudice”. Race prejudice, says Miss Pruette, is a nurtured thing—a fragile plant coaxed to hardy maturity. “John- nie!” Fond mamma calls small son in from play. “You cannot play with Tommie. He’s a nigger!” Johnnie hears this today — tomorrow — next week. He learns his lesson well. It is as natural for him to shun Tommie as to go to sleep when he is tired. And when he becomes articulate, he says that race prejudice is instinctive! In an article surfeited with snap judgments, Wallace Thurman reviews “Negro Poets and Their Poetrv” in The Bookman for July. Mr. Thur- man discusses a handful of pnets, among them, Phillis Wheatlev. Paul Laurence Dunbar, James Weldon Johnson, Claude McKay. Countée Cul- len and Langston Hughes. and dis- misses them all with a wide gesture. Marvet JACKSON. 301

Page 14

WANT to congratulate you upon the fine educational number of THE Crisis which I have just opened. It is the best yet. Gerorce W. CRAWFORD, New Haven, Conn. You may or may not remember the call I made on you in your office last January or February on my way home from Boston. It was a very pleasant call, to me at any rate, and | have some hope that it left that impression on you, so that you will be pleased to know that I want to congratulate you on the current number of THE Urisis both for the solid statistical mat- ter it contains and the summary state- ments of fact as to various institu- tions. The points made in the Battle Front are well sharpened and the Poet’s Corner strikes me as above the average; but I won’t say much for I am so much interested in my friends in Haiti that if I began to talk I couldn’t stay in a corner. I have long felt moved in spirit to write and complain about the charac- ter of the illustrations your paper gen- erally carries for cover ornamentation. The nude done with soft and flowing lines is objectionable enough in such cases, but drawn in cubist or semi- cubist style is unendurable; and drawn, and re-drawn and perpetually drawn and shoved under one’s nose runs what was bad style in the first place into a nuisance. But I am relieved of mak- ing any criticism in the matter by the article of Allison.Davis on Negro “In- tellectuals” as I think it’s fine from beginning to end, largely because he says the things I think and believe so much better than I could have said them. I am very glad you published it and hope all your readers will read it two or three times over; and that the authors he refers to and the artists I have referred to will also read and profit by it. Haroip Goopwin, Philadelphia. Mr. Allison Davis, in his recent article, Our Negro “Intellectuals”, makes the following assertion: “T think that the severest charge one can make against Mr. Van Vechten 302 is that he misdirected a genuine poet, who gave promise of a power and tech- nique exceptional in any poetry,—Mr. Hughes .... in Fine Clothes to the Jew, which Mr. Van Vechten un- doubtedly did influence, is the real proof of his having finally misdirected Mr. Hughes.” This, to all my available knowl- edge on the subject, is quite untrue. I do not know what facts Mr. Davis himself may possess as to how, where, or when I have been misdirected by Mr. Van Vechten, but since I happen to be the person who wrote the mate- rial comprising Fine Clothes to the Jew, I would like herewith to state and declare that many of the poems in said book were written before I made the acquaintance of Mr. Van Vechten, as the files of THE Crisis will prove; before the appearance of The Weary Blues containing his preface; and be- fore ever he had commented in any way on my work. (See THe Crisis for June, 1922, August, 1923, several is- sues in 1925; also the Buccaneer for May, 1925.) Those poems which were written after my acquaintance with Mr. Van Vechten were certainly not about him, not requested by him, not misdirected by him, some of them not liked by him nor, so far as I know, do they in any way bear his poetic influence, My second book is what I person- ally desired it to be and if the poems which it contains are low-down, jazzy, cabaret-ish, sensational, and utterly un- couth in the eyes of Mr. Davis the fault is mine,—not Mr. Van Vechten’s. I do not resent Mr. Davis’ criticism of my work and I know very well that a “reat many persons agree with him, —-nay, go even farther in believing that a'l of my verses are tainted with the evils of utter blackness. To such people my poems are as the proverbial red rag to the bull. To say the least they seem quite distasteful to them and evidently not the kind of reading diet on which they should feed, but I am not hurt about it. I have never pre- tended to be keeping a literary grazing pasture with food to suit all breeds of cattle. However, for the sake of truth, I cannot allow Mr. Davis’ rather extravagant misstatement of fact to go unanswered, therefore this letter offering a correction. LANGSTON HuGHEs, Lincoln University. LEASE permit me to congratulate you ‘©n your acceptance of Mr, Woodruff’s painting which decorates your August Number of THe Crisis, I am sure that this picture will com- mand attention to this magazine on any news stand in comparison with others. Of late I have been observing Mr. Woodruff’s work, and I have yet to find him guilty of producing this cheap theatrical jazz-tainted bunk called Negro Art. It is indeed pa- thetic to see so many of our prominent intellectuals, artists and writers stoop- ing to such depths for no other reason than to see themselves in print. As a matter of fact, the Negro art- ist shows no more backbone in his chosen field than do other Negroes in various capacities. The truth of the matter is that they have allowed a hand full of half-cultured whites tell them what to write and paint. This they have accepted, believing it to be typical of the desires of the general white public, which is not true at TE 6 tan O. RicHarp Ren, New York. May I take this opportunity of thanking you for the editorial en- titled “Visitors” in the column headed Postscript in the July Crisis. I im- agine every person who holds an ad- ministrative position especially in the so-called “field of public life” has suf- fered from the thoughtlessness of the type of visitor you describe. I have never heard or read this problem put so clearly as you put it in the above- named article. It ought to accomplish considerable good. Forrester B. WASHINGTON, Atlanta, Ga. E have received the following let- ter concerning Thomas H. Tib- bles, a companion of John Brown and once candidate for Vice President on the Populist ticket, who recently died. “Mr. Tibbles was one of the big- souled people with a passion for jus tice. His daughter was troubled by the triviality of reference in the Ass0- ciated Press to one whose life’ was given over to noble causes. She writes: ‘What particularly incensed me was the fact that though -my father, through his own efforts, and the ef forts of those who gathered round him, was solely instrumental in changing Tue Criss ~—— —_— -— | i-_ —_—- > .- os © - S&S me FO &S OF

Page 15

tulate Mr, orates RISIS, com- ne on with erving ve yet g this bunk ed pa- minent stoop- reason ro art- in his \egroes uth of owed a tes tell This t to be general true at EID, York, nity of ial en- headed I im- an ad- - in the has suf- s of the I have lem put e above- complish GTON, Ga. wing let- H. Tib- own and ident on itly died. the big- for jus ubled by the Asso- life’ was he writes: me was y father, d the ef- ound him, changing rz Crisis the law and policy of this country, by having the Indians made citizens, the papers never mentioned this. He made the flight of the Pancas a success—a flight which the Evening~ Post called gs dramatic and tragic as the flight of the Tartars. Mr. Tibbles took a ‘boy’s part in the Civil War’. “The person writing to you has been a member of the N. A. A. C. P. and a subscriber to THE Crisis for years. She is one of the white people who recognizes differences in individuals only and has never been able to see that a difference of race or creed or color breaks into our human solidarity. And this is not in thought only but in actual feeling. But she was born this wav. Other white people are born differently. ‘Forgive them, for they know not what they do.’ “With deep appreciation of your ex- traordinary, courageous, and far-seeing leadership.” LEASE accept my hearty thanks for your splendid editorial on “Darrow” in the June Crisis. I am in complete accord with every word of it; and I wish every Negro in Amer- ica could read it again and again. You will kindly pardon me for men- tioning the fact that I said practically the same thing to a Negro minister a few evenings ago on our train en route from Birmingham, Alabama, to Chat- tanooga, Tennessee. A few years ago when I came near losing faith in white people, it was not saintly Christians like William J. Bryan, Billy Sunday and Bishop Man- ning that gave me hope, but radicals and infidels like Bob Ingersoll, Thomas Paine, Eugene V. Debs and Clarence Darrow: Creeds and names don’t mean a damn thing to me, but deeds do. There is not a minister in America that I respect more and love as much as I do Clarence Darrow. If you publish this note, (and you are at liberty to do so), please omit the sentence containing the word, damn. [We didn’t have the heart so we omitted the name!—Eprror.] NTIL this letter of the “white \/ bourgeois intellectual” appeared in the April Crisis I was content to allow you the last word re the political trend of your magazine. Your cour- age in defence was so unbolshevikian and fine I felt the conduct of the mag- azine and the continuation of its high literary quality could after all be trusted to you. But here comes along aforesaid intellectual who says re can be no race equality so long as “the economic necessity exists for ping the races hostile”, a fact which September, 1928 _you must “reanze and emphasize’’. She also says your magazine “is entirely too high-brow”’ and that it will appeal to your “race vanity”. Whereupon a phrase in Dr. Dorsey’s book ““Why we behave like human beings” comes rushing to my mind—‘‘How ‘low’ (he says) the savage European must have seemed to the Nile Valley African looking North from his pyramid of Cheops”. And then there was the letter anent “Caucasians” — Dear Dr, Dubois, if you would only forget your prejudice and laugh with me. You wouldn’t believe it but Dr. Dorsey also says in his book “There is no known fact of human anatomy or psychology which implies that capacity for culture or civilization or intelli- gence inheres in this race or that type”. Again “How ‘low’ the savage Euro- pean must have seemed to the Nile Valley African looking North from his pyramid of Cheops”. Yours for more culture, more poetry and oil-wells, pretty girls and bankers. HeEten Dow PEckK. White American middlebrow. AM sure you could not remember me as one of the young white ladies which Mr. William Pickens intro- duced to you after your lecture on Russia at Howard University this last March .... I want to say as further introduc- tion that one of my great interests in life is to do all that I can to increase for the American Negro his oppor- tunities for “life, liberty and the pur- suit of happiness”. I am humiliated because of the injustices which mem- bers of the white race have practiced toward members of the black race. The practice of lynching is undoubtedly one of the worst stains on our con- temporary American civilization and I should gladly give my life if that would end it. But, Dr. DuBois, I hope you will not misunderstand me when I protest against the last paragraph of your ar- ticle “Mob Tactics” on page 204 of the August Crisis. I read the Crisis more regularly, perhaps, than I read any other paper because of my inter- est in the welfare of the American Negro. My protest is against your suggested solution for lynching. I believe the toting of guns will be no solution for this problem; instead it will only aug- ment it. I honestly believe that any individual of any race or nation is in a more dangerous condition with a gun than without it. A gun does not insure safety but invites harm. I am opposed to an individual carry- ing a gun as I am opposed to any na- tion having large armies and navies. I believe the safer way is the way of goodwill and friendship. We need never be afraid of our friends. I am not asking you to acquiesce and allow lynching to continue and other conditions to become. worse. Instead, I would urge you on to greater ac- tivity in breaking down the barriers which have been built between the two groups and I would consecrate myself more completely to the task of sub- stituting goodwill for prejudice, love for hatred, and co-operation for dis- sension. But I am asking that you propose a solution which will enable us to attain our goal and improve con- ditions instead of making them more complex and difficult. There is a way out of this problem, I believe, as there is a way out of every problem. And that way lies along the path of love and goodwill. This is not a vague ideal—it is a reality and works when- ever tried. I suggest it here because I have such absolute faith in it. I cannot censure you for the sug- gestion you have made. I have felt something of the desperation which, I am sure, has been upon you and it is with a real desire to help find that true solution that I send this protest. The American Negro has traveled far on the road of non-resistance and I know that I am putting a huge task on him when I ask him to go still tur- ther on the road of active goodwill but I am confident that only in this way will he ever find his goal. Yes, it’s a rough and stony path; but not so rough, not so stony, not so dangerous as the path of gun toting. ' Mary Ipa WInoper. Y Dear Mrs. BAILie: I have been astonished at the at- titude of the Daughters of the Ameri- can Revolution toward you and toward others, including myself. Personally, I have long been a Socialist. ‘That is, one who believes in the administration of wealth and of the division of income tor the good of the community, rather than simply for private interests. I am unaware that such an attitude is either revolutionary or dangerous. I was once, myself, a member of the Massachusetts Chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution through my Negro great-grandfather, who fought in the Revolution. I was compelled to resign when the headquarters at Wash- ington found out that I was of Negro descent. If membership in patriotic societies is‘ going to involve discrimina- tion against race and honest belief in reform, then such organizations are on the straight road toward suicide. I wish you all success in your fight for decency and patriotism against the persons now in control of the D. A. R. W. E. B. Du Bos. 303

Page 16

PERSONAL @ Mrs. Hannah Harleston Mickey is dead at Charleston, S. C., at the age of 79 years. She was the widow of an undertaker who estabilshed his business in 1884 and died in 1899, leaving her with the responsibility of rearing five children. She was raised on her father’s plantation and edu- cated at Avery Institute, Charleston. Her children have been trained at Simmons College, Boston, Columbia University, Atlanta University and elsewhere. The undertaking business is still being carried on by her sons. @ William Grandison, who died re- cently in Massachusetts was well- known in New England as a printer. He was born in Canada in 1848 and came as a typesetter to Boston. For a long time he had difficulty in securing admission to the Union, but after an all-night debate, he finally was de- clared a member of Union Number 61. He worked for years at the well- known Riverside Press and secured the admission of many colored workers. At one time he published the Boston Advocate and for the last twenty-five years had his own job printing office in Cambridge. His aunt’s home on Flagg Street, Cambridge, was the boarding place of several Harvard students, including the Editor of THE CRIsIs. @ Dr. A. P. Davis of Kansas City, Kansas, a surgeon, is interested in avia- tion and owns and pilots his own plane. He is said to be the second colored pilot in the United States to obtain a license. Recently, he pur- chased an American Eagle Bi-plane Diamond Cox Mrs. H. H. Mickey with a 90-horse power Curtis motor. He intends to use the plane for his pro- fessional work and for pleasure. Dr. Davis was denied the right to store his plane in any of the numerous fly- ing fields near Kansas City because of his color, but he employed a private instructor and hopes to establish a school of his own. @ The funeral of George E. Dixon, who died at Johnson City, Tennes- see, was the largest ever seen there. Mr. Dixon was born and educated in St. Louis and studied at the University of Illinois and Harvard. He served two years over-seas as Lieutenant in the 35ist Machine Gun Company. Afterward, he worked in community G. E. Dixon service; then studied at Chicago Uni- versity, and finally became Principal of the Langston High School at Johnson City. He worked hard and cop. scientiously and died of pneumonia February 22nd. @ William E. Harmon, the founder ot the Harmon Foundation, died July 15th at the age of 66. He was widely known for his generosity, but more especially among colored people for the “Harmon Awards for distinguished achievement among Negroes”. His main occupation was the development of real estate in which work he made his fortune. During the last five years he has loaned more than $300,000 to students working their way through colleges and his philanthropies will be carried on by his family and corpora- tions which he has formed. @ Diamond Cox of Jackson, Missis- sippi, died in June. He was born a slave in 1858, educated at Tougaloo College, and for twenty-one years was a teacher in the public schools. He was an ardent churchman, Master Mason, and a member of the N. A. A. C. P. He is survived by a widow and eight children. @ William V. Chambliss, a graduate of Tuskegee N. and I. Institute, died recently leaving an estate of $100,000. Of this he willed $30,000 to Tuske- gee for a grammar school and also the Chambliss Hotel, a three-storied brick structure built in 1924 on land near the Institute. : @ The American Inter-racial Peace Committee has launched a_ nation- wide campaign with Mrs. Alice Dun- bar Nelson as Executive Secretary. Mrs. Nelson is a graduate of Straight Wm. Grandison Tue Crisis

Page 17

widely more for the opment e made re years ,000 to hrough will be orpora- Missis- born a ougaloo ars was ls. He Master N. A. 1 widow also the ied brick nd near al Peace nation- ice Dun- secretary. Straight College and has studied at Cornell and Columbia. Her first husband was Paul Lawrence Dunbar and she has taught school in New Orleans, Brook- lyn, and Wilmington. For many years she was head of the department of English at Howard High School at Wilmington until her marriage with Robert J. Nelson. Recently she has directed summer school at the State College for Colored Students at Dover and taught at the summer school at Hampton. Mrs. Nelson has published several books and is an honorary mem- ber of the Delta Sigma Theta Sorority. Moulic The Patio, Hotel Somerville, Los Angeles MUSIC AND ART @ Miss Gertrude T. Hamilton of Stockton, California, has published a Waltz ballad, “Violets and You”, which is pretty and been widely sung over the radio on the Pacific Coast. @ The Second Exhibition of the Art of American Negroes will be held at International House, New York, in January, 1929. The exhibition is un- der the Harmon Foundation and ap- plication should be made to Dr. George E. Haynes, 105 East 22nd Street, by September 10th. A prize N. A. A. C. P. PRIZE BABIES of $250 is offered for the finest single work of art. @ In an article appearing in a re- cent number of “Musical America,” entitled “American Composers up a Peg,” by Sidney Dalton is the follow- ing: “Another piano solo from the same press (G. Schirmer) that pos- sesses originality is a Southern Sketch entitled “At the Cotton Gin,” by Florence B. Price. It has melodic, harmonic and rhythemic interest and Miss Price has produced an agreeable effect in the banjo-like accompani- ment.” Charles W. Page Jr. Mattie M. Livingston Bettie Jean Bruner Wm. W. Baker, Jr. Cora Vernee Trotter, Theo. Leon Fleming _ First Prize Second Prize Binghamton, N. Y. Ft. Madison, Towa September, 1028 First Prize Steubenville First Prize Ft. Madison, Iowa First Prize First Prize Cincinnati, Ohio Lexington, Kentucky 305

Page 18

EDUCATION @ S. J. Murphey was graduated with the degree of Master of Arts in Edu- cation from the University of South- ern California. He was a member of the school survey committee of the ; department. @ Samuel R. Shepard was graduated from the Crane Junior College of Dr. A. P. Davis and his Airplane, page 304 He was College Chicago at the age of 19. Managing Editor of the organ. @ Professor Anderson of the C. A. and N. University, Langston, Okla- homa, has been granted a fellowship of $1100 by the General Education Board to study English at the Uni- versity of Chicago in 1928-29. @ Ralph J. Bunche, an A. B. of the Some of the Officers and Delegates at the Nineteenth Annual Conference of the N. Aa University of California, took his M. A. at Harvard this year in Gov- ernment. He has a Thayer Scholar- ship and is going to study for his Ph. D. @ Miss Nell E. Williams was Vale- dictorian of the Class of 1928 a: Howard University School of Law. She did her college work at the Uni- versity of California and the Univer- THE Crisis

Page 19

Miss N. E. Williams, sity of Southern California. During her entire three-years’ course, she main- tained the highest general average and received the Callaghan and Company annual prize, Re Bluett Prize for ex- cellence in court practice, and the Waters Prize for second highest grade in the Law of Quasi Contracts. Miss Williams will take a Post Grad- uate Course in New York University and practice in Los Angeles. She was the only girl in her class. @ The University of Detroit has six Negro students enrolled: two in Me- chanical Engineering and the rest in law. @ John Hope, President of More- house College, Atlanta, Georgia, has received the honorary degree of Doc- tor of Laws from McMaster Univer- sity, Toronto, Canada. Eleven hon- orary degrees were conferred, three of the recipients being Americans. Dr. Hope was one of the three speakers who responded. @ Lloyd C. Griffith of Southwestern Harrison Ferrell, page 318 University, Los Angeles, received his degree of Batchelor of Laws and was class orator of the class of 1928. @ Miss W. C. Curry of Los An- geles graduated from the University of California. She was a member of the University orchestra for four years, of the Choral society, and other organizz tions. @ Miss Annie I. Smith received her M. A. from the University of South- ern California, She made a compara- tive survey of the intelligence of Negro and white children. @ Charles H. Diggs graduated from the University of California, majoring in Sociology. He was a member of the University track team and will con- tinue ‘his studies in France. @ The State Department of Educa- tion has recognized the Negro Junior R. J. Bunche, page 306 in front of their headquarters at the Second Baptist Church, Los Angeles, California. September, 1928 a m, 4 a ad

Page 20

The Dining Room, Hotel Somerville, Los Angeles @ At the College of the City of New York» DeLisle Gilkes was graduated College of Houston, Texas, as a school of the first-class. It has a faculty of ten persons, from Howard, Fisk, Morehouse, Columbia, Wiley, North- western, Chicago, University of Michi- gan, and other institutions. @ L. H. Knox of New Bedford, Massachusetts, was graduated from Bates College, Maine, with the degree of B. S., “cum laude”. He received final honors in Chemistry and during his senior year was assistant instructor. He will study for his Master’s de- gree at Harvard. @ Miss Martha A. Roberts, who was graduated from the University of Illinois in June, was on the honor roll during her entire course and was a member of the national honorary society for scholarship. She is a mem- ber of the Alnha Kappa Alpha So- rority and will teach next year at Prairie View, Texas. @ Miss Elizabeth George was the only colored girl to graduate from Indiana Universitv this year. She was Chairman of the Inter-racial Commis- sion and a member of the University Enclish Club and other organizations. 308 with B. A. “cum laude”. Cyril C. Jones finished his college course in 3% years and won a Tremain Schol- arship. @ Florida A. and M. College at Talla- hassee is a state college. It receives $45,000 a year from students chiefly for board. $200,000 has been given during the past four years in gifts. The State appropriation for the last four years has been as follows: for the two years, 1925-27, $450,000, for the two years, 1927-29, $327,904. The salaries of college instructors last year amounted to $14,000. @ Miss Lucy A. Williams, a graduate of Chicago, received the degree of Bachelor of Music at Oberlin after two years study. @ Miss Jessie M. Gross-Harris, re- ceived the degree of M. A. in Educa- tion at the University of Cincinnati. @ William Henry Fort is the young- est Bachelor of Arts that Fisk Uni- versity has ever graduated. He was born in 1911 and received his degree in June, 1928. He majored in Mathe- matics and hopes to enter Harvard in the fall. We are inclined to attribute part of his success to the fact that he was once an agent for THe Crisis. @ Miss Ellen Jones, a student of Art, has won four scholarships in the Boston Museum of Fine Arts and three Thayer prizes. She also won First Prize from the Rayon Silk Com-- pany for a dress design and has de- signed costumes for the Repertory Theater. MEETINGS @ At the North Eastern Students Conference held at Camp Maqua Y. W. C. A. Poland, Maine, June 18th to 28th, Grace Vera Postles of Emerson College, Boston, Mass., was elected to the Executive Board of the Maagqua Division for the ensuing year. @ The Grand Lodge of Elks met in Chicago this year, August 26th, for the 29th Annual session. @ The Fourth Annual Inter-Col- legiate Conference of New York City was held in Englewood, New Jersey, in July, and discussed “The Negro Student in the World of Facts”. Miss Gladys MacDonald was in charge. Tue Crisis

Page 21

@ At the General Conference of the African Methodist Episcopal Church the salaries of the Bishops were raised from $3,600 to $5,400, and those of the General Officers, from $2,200 to $3,600. Four new Bishops were elected: R. A. Grant of Florida, S. L. Green of Arkansas, G. B. Young of Texas, and H. M. Davis of Mary- land. All of the General Officers were re-elected, except Mr. Barksdale, who was superseded as Editor by J. H. Wilson of Pasadena, California. One change in the organic rules of the Gen- eral Conference was made when lay- men were given larger rights of repre- sentation in the General Conference. @ The 12th National Championship games of the American Tennis Asso- ciation were held at Bordentown, New Jersey, August 20-25. This organi- zation is one of the most interesting and encouraging athletic movements among Negro organizations. Dr. H. McCard of Baltimore is President and G. F. Norman of Flushing, New York, Executive Secretary. The As- sociation was founded in 1916 and September, 1928 The Foyer, Hotel Somerville, Los Angeles consists today of the New Jersey, New York, New England, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, St. Louis, and Pennsylvania tennis associations and the Western Federation of tennis clubs. The championship meeting brings a large number of experts and visitors. @ The Negro Masons of Alabama held their Grand Lodge in Birming- ham in July. They reported $110,- 000 in the endowment treasury and handled during the year $373,468. They have a balance on hand of $78,- 000. Walter T. Woods was re-elected Grand Master for the 15th year and the mortgage on the Masonic Temple was burned. The Temple cost $750,- 000 and is now clear of debt. The Order also owns 48 acres of land in Jefferson County, Alabama, for which they have recently refused $18,000 cash. SOCIAL PROGRESS @ The N. A. A. C. P. is continuing its fight on the white primary in Texas. The decision of Judge Hutch- erson at Houston, that parties may prescribe their own members’ qualifica- tions will be taken to the Supreme Court of the United States. @ The colored people of San Diego, California, need more professional men. They particularly offer advan- tages to a physician, a dentist, and a pharmacist. @ The opening of the Hotel Somer- ville in Los Angeles was an event. Formerly the only hotel opened to col- ored people was a resort owned by white people with a cabaret catering to questionable elements. Even this place was closed to colored people in 1927. Dr. J. A. Somerville imme- diately bought an eligible corner at Central Avenue and 4ist Street in January, 1928. Ground was broken February 10th and the hotel started. The plan was to have it finished in time for the N. A. A. C. P. Confer- ence, but bets were freely offered up and down Central Avenue that the hotel would never be opened and cer- tainly not by June 27th. Even the (Will you please turn to page 317) 309

Page 22

THE FAR HORIZON 5 HAITI HE News Bulletin of the Foreign Policy Association says: In 1915 President Guillaume Sam went on a rampage and caused 200 pris- oners in the Haitian jails to be mas- sacred. He sought refuge in the French Legation but the irate relatives of his victims violated this sanctuary and tore Guillaume Sam to bits. The upshot was that the United States intervened. In order to regularize our position, we induced the Haitian Government to sign a treaty in 1915 turning over to us the administration of the country ex- cept the judicial system, education and local government. In 1917 the life of this treaty was extended until 1936. Al- though President Borno and his cabinet are the titular heads of the government, the United States now governs Haiti through a High Commissioner and five “Treaty Officials,’—the financial ad- viser and general receiver, and the heads of the gendarmerie, public works, the service technique (or agricultural de- partment), and a medical service. The High Commissioner is General John H. Russell, and three out of the five Treaty Officials are: officers of the marines. Al- together there are about 100 Americans in the Haitian Government, in addition to a brigade of marines. The financial adviser is technically responsible to the Haitian minister of finance, while the American heads of the gendarmerie, pub- lic works and medical service are the- oretically responsible to a Haitian min- ister of the interior. Through these 100 officials and the brigade of marines the United States has restored order, abolished the petty exac- tions of officialism, straightened out a dismal financial situation, built imposing public works and improved the health of the Haitian people. While it has done nothing for general education, it is building up effective agricultural schools. However there is a debit side of the ledger. We have sent to Haiti honest men—men who know how to maintain order and to keep accounts. But we have not sent to Haiti statesmen—men who thoroughly sympathize with Haiti’s aspiration for independence, who under- stand how to train a people to be free. The system which we have installed may be efficient but it is not educational. The Haitian cabinet is composed of idle min- isters and President Borno is every- where regarded as America’s marionette. The Haitian minister of finance has less responsibility in the administration of revenue than the unlettered Negro treas- urer of a native state in a British colony in Africa. Apart from the “assistance” rendered by marine advisers, nothing has 310 been done to improve local self-govern- ment. While orders are given in the name of the President and while laws are passed by a dummy Council of State, the initiative comes from the Americans. If the Haitian Government does anything, it is to obstruct. For a century the Haitian people had a legislature and the right to vote. But in 1915 the doors of this legislature were closed by American marines and they have not been opened since. A Coun- cil of State elects the President and the President appoints the Council of State. There is no popular election and the United States marines permit no revolu- tion. The result is dictatorship. In de- fense of this situation, American and Haitian officials state that elections in Haiti are impossible because of the il- literacy of the people. Yet in January, 1928, the people solemnly voted upon a set of constitutional amendments which were “adopted” by the overwhelming ma- jority of 176,000 to 3,300. The United States assisted in this election by plac- ing trucks at the disposition of the Borno Government to take voters to the polls. If the United States insists on “fair” elections in Nicaragua and else- where in Central America, is it unrea- sonable to ask why in the one country where it is in the position to secure such elections, it should be a party to a jocose fraud? JOSEPHINE BAKER OWARD COXE wants to be fair but is afraid that the world may forget he is a white American. He reviews Josephine Baker’s biog- raphy which has just appeared in France, in the New Republic: Much seems to have happened to Miss Josephine Baker since first she came into the limelight with “Shuffle Along” four years ago. If there could be still some doubts’ about her merits as an artist, or even as a serious thinker, certainly there could be none about her popularity abroad. With Mistinguette growing a trifle too elderly to hold the affections of the public, and with the Dolly Sisters becoming so very chic, there is perhaps no entertainer so much esteemed in Paris as Miss Baker. She has become a grande vedette. Cock- tails have been named for her, also a hair oil called Bakerfix. Masses for the souls of her audiences are sung in cathedrals while she is doing the Charleston in the theaters, and now she has written, or rather dictated to an interpreter, her memoirs and ideas on life. It seems improbable that Miss Baker’s memories and impressions will a Br, oh be translated into English: they are more frivolous than profound, more de. cent than important. Nevertheless it js a pity: they are stimulating in a certain freshness and absurdity which is not often to be found, and they make you feel that, waiving prejudice, you would like Miss Baker. There is a refreshing candor about her, a naiveté and unpre. tentiousness and a complete absence of sentimentalism. She is still a pickaninny, a pickanniny transplanted to alien soil, She started dancing, she says, because it was cold in St. Louis and she needed to dance to keep warm. She attributes her success entirely to the rabbit's foot which she carries on her person night and day. She says she was born to dance: she would be happy to die danc- ing—though not in a music hall. “T’l] get married some day—I want lots of babies and animals around. I love them. I want to live a peaceful life, with babies and animals all around. But if a child of mine ever wants to go on the stage, I swear I'll strangle him with my two hands.” Aside from the rabbit’s foot and a few other natural superstitions, Miss Baker is a complete realist. She likes cornbeet hash and hot-cakes, animals of all kinds, loud colors, dolls “without bones in them”. She detests all ballet dancing. She distrusts the use of cosmetics as aids to beauty. She owns a seven-volume dictionary which she has never read: she finds it fun to lift one volume at a time and see how heavy such a lot of words are. She has as little use for celebrities as for literature. “I’ve met a lot of people with reputations. They don’t in- timidate me. I most admire those who work hardest. Everybody is made with two arms and two legs and a stomach and a head. That gives you enough to think about,” SUPERIOR SOUTH CAROLINA OBERT QUILLIAN writes in the Tribune of Fountain Inn, South Carolina, concerning his state: There is no other section of America where men are so quick to defend their honor as in South Carolina. There is no other section where met are so quick to fight when given the lie. There is no other section where s0 much is said about chivalry and the duty of shielding the gentler sex. There. is no other section where so much is said about being a gentleman. There is no other section where re- ligion figures so largely in the scheme of existence. There is no section more certain of its superiority in righteousness. (Will you please turn to page 319) Tue Crisis

Page 23

ey are ore de- $$ it is certain It often yu feel Id like reshing unpre- nce of 1 night orn to e danc- “Tl lots of IT love ul life, id. But ) go on m with da few | Baker ornbeef 1 kinds, mes in lancing. as aids -volume ad: she a time f words lebrities lot of lon’t in- se who de with stomach ough to )LINA ‘rites in in Inn, s state: America nd their ere men ven the rhere so and the ex. here so ntleman. here re- scheme rtain of ge 319) Crisis: THE CALIFORNIA CON- FERENCE HERE is a lure and charm about T California that grows with know- ing. It is a land that sweeps from pine to palm, from ocean to snow-capped peak, from shrewd cold to breathless desert heat. One hesitates to epitomize it either with the vast and withdrawn mystery of Mt. Shasta, or the great inland sea of the Golden Gate or the sweep of the boulevards of Los An- geles. The last I know best and they grip me with nameless ecstasy. To sing with the sun of a golden morning and dip, soar and roll over Wiltshire or out to Pasedena where one of the Seven Streets of the World blooms; or out Washington to the sigh of the sound of the sea—this is Glory and Triumph and Life. One must be alone or with a perfect companion; there must be silence and dreamful thought and one must guide his car himself un- hampered—free. Nowhere else in the world is there such a stretch of endless avenue bordered with flowers and palms and doll houses. Then of an evening let others drive and nestle be- hind with laughing, low-voiced friends and go down by the dark Pacific with pepper trees and ragged Eucalyptus, or up and out Vernon avenue toward the stars, and breathless behold the stars below—the sea of the stars of the angels—the endless. and unbounded city of Los Angeles. There could be no more romantic and poignantly gripping setting for the nineteenth conference of the N. A. A. C. P. It seemed right that such a gathering and flowing of peoples en- gulfed us. The depot swarmed with flags and autos and welcoming faces so that we seemed few and lost—we wise men from the East. And all through the week the hosts poured in upon our meetings in hundreds and thousands until the Shrine Temple billowed like a sea with its six thou- - who sat four hours to see and ear. Our first impression was neither hill nor vale nor waters. It was neither tree nor fruit—but a house. It was a hotel—a jewel done with loving ; a soft intimate, laughing hos- telry, with high, uplifted ceilings, with ainty colors and long, soft draperies. September. 19028 Fbstacrft 4 MED Du Leu —_—— It was all full of sunshine and low voices and the sound of human laugh- ter and running water. The Hotel Somerville was an extraordinary sur- prise to a people fed on ugliness—ugly schools, ugly churches, ugly streets, ugly insults. We heard of the hotel askance—we were prepared for,—well something that didn’t leak and was hastily clean and too new for vermin. And we entered a beautiful Inn with a soul—with Humor and Joy and Flowers and Music; with pretty girls in white to serve food, tempted to deli- cacies in a kitchen where we went visiting on thrilling excursions. The long, high windows West and South piled secret sunlight on a balcony with winding stair and grilled iron and white linen. Funny that a hotel so impressed us —but it was so unexpected, so start- ling, so beautiful. Next came the business - meetings. We expect now large N. A. A. C. P. mass meetings— even the 10,000 of Indianapolis and Kansas City no longer surprise us. But we expect too, thin mornings and lan- guid afternoon while delegates are sleeping and visiting. Not so Los An- geles. Morning sessions were almost crowded and afternoons full. All day the autos rolled in procession about the Second Baptist. All day crowds milled in the corridors. Indeed some say that the morning session when the Junior division took charge was in many respects the high water mark of the conference and set new marks and methods for the future. There was a perfect presiding officer—a_ speech which THe Crisis will publish with pleasure and a whole air and atmos- phere of earnestness and devotion which leads us to believe that Jazz has not wholly captured our babies; perhaps its Joy has prepared them for the grim tragedy of American race hatred. The crowds and speeches and music of the meetings swim in a great flood of memories. It is difficult to bring them out and disentangle them and make them real again. I remember the straight-forward welcome of the Governor. It did not sound like a mere politician’s clap-trap. Pickens was keen, piercing and humorous be- vond reproduction. Johnson and his audience were one and throbbed in unison over lynching. Chesnutt was delicious and the lost sheets of his speech made his audience but gnora eager. Bishop Martin had som: shrewd ethical advice. I was pleased to find Harry Davis’ auditors and ny own hearers so easily aroused to eu- thusiastic comprehension of the present political campaign. We had Lincoln Steffens and an East Indian, S. G. Pandit, and we had choruses that sang “Lift Every Voice” as I have not heard it before. Florence Cole Talbert sang for us and Carolyn Snowden danced. The debates on policy and business were well sustained. And yet when all is said in detail and of words and personalities, not half has been told. There was a fine, big, broad spirit with us among the flowers and fruit of Southern Cali- fornia. ‘There was wide comprehen- sion and hope. There was a pulling together and a pledge of still greater things. I did not hear a single petty, carping word. Everybody worked, thought, promised. We sold books through Mrs. Thompson, more than were ever sold before. We sold a thousand copies of THe Crisis and we vowed to make the Cleveland meeting in 1929 larger and better than the Los Angeles—some vow, I'll surely say. I have seen the N. A. A. C. P. con- ferences develop for twenty years. There were at first the ordinary de- sultory ‘“conventions’—sparsely at- tended meetings, half prepared papers, bunk, and a good time outside. the meetings. Then they stiffened and be- came more earnest. They lengthened from three days to a week and instead of becoming thinner and less inter- esting, they were better attended and more earnest. Today there is not a national meeting among Negroes and few among whites that compare with an N. A. A. C. P. annual conference for real attendance, thoroughness of program, preparedness of speakers and earnestness of intent. No church nor Sunday school conference, no fraternal body, no social organization can ap- proach the satisfaction and devotion to business that marks these meetings. The publicity they attain, the listen- ing world that follows them, opens a 311

Page 24

new era for the American Negro. And we have but begun. We are going in the future to break our own high mark. There has been neither the bribery and electioneering that made a recent church general conference a national disgrace; none of the drunkenness and debauchery that has clouded many meetings: of secret orders and nothing of that indifference and lack of pro- fessional interest that has marked pro- fessional meetings. And this because of no superior breed of peoples, (we are all the same!) but, because of earnest, clear thought, lack of bunk and confusion and comprehension of a clear high aim. HOWARD HE Republican Party is playing one of its dirtiest political games in the case of Perry Howard. God knows THe Crisis has no brief for Howard. If the charges are true, he is a grafting politician of the most con- temptible sort—but accusations against him are not one whit worse than those against Bascom Slemp, erstwhile Con- gressman from Virginia, then Secre- tary to Calvin Coolidge and now in charge of the Republican campaign in the South. Slemp, Howard, Tolbert, Ben Davis and most of the Southern politicians, black and white, of both parties, have trafficked in public offices. White Democrats have bought offices and white Republicans, like Herbert Hoover, have received the votes thus paid for in the National Republican Conventions. The whole situation is a crying shame to American politics and remains so because the mass of black voters in the South is dis- franchised and their political power wielded by grafting politicians of all colors and conditions. When the pinch comes and the insurgent West joins with the white South in demand- ing investigation, it is only the black politicians who are investigated while Slemp, Tolbert and their kind, go free. Let all the northern black voters who are fools vote for Hoover in Novem- ber. HOUSTON F the Democratic party was openly and thoughtfully planning to alienate the intelligent Negro vote in the North, they certainly were eminently successful. They opened their conven- tion with an atrocious lynching. They segregated their black visitors back of a wire cage. They nominated for Vice President (an office which, since the Civil War, has made its incumbent President in four cases) a_ typical Arkansas bourbon. Even the nomina- tion of Alfred Smith does not relieve 312 the situation. Smith is an excellent administrator and his attitude on liquor is at least honest, while Hoover’s is not; but so far as we can learn Alfred Smith has seldom been aware of the black citizens of the state of New York. He has given 250,000 Ne- groes of the state only one major ap- pointment and has shown for black people not the slightest personal inter- est or appreciation. He has consis- tently vetoed every bill and movement which Negroes advocated. The Catholic church, to which Smith belongs, knows no color line in all the world except in the United States; but here it is “Jim-Crow” from top to bottom in church attendance, in education, in philanthrophy, in mis- sionary endeavor. Finally, whatever Smith and _ his entourage might be inclined to do to attract Negro support, they are abso- lutely estopped from doing by their corrupt bargain with the solid South and their craven fear of the “liberal” South. Black voters of the North who support Smith should first vote for him and then commit suicide. BOOZE HAT intrigues us about Mary of the Unfortunate Name is not the fact that she is colored and the daughter of the late Isaiah Mont- gomery; or even that she is a machine politician of what is to us the most offensive sort; but what really inter- ests us is the inner workings of the minds of those distinguished white ladies who called the late conference of the Republican Committee Women in Washington. They were, many of them well-bred and all of them well- gowned, Most of them belonged to Christian churches. Yet, jointly and severally, they did a disgustingly mean thing. They invited Mrs. Booze to entertainment and luncheon and then sneaked off when her back was turned and lunched without her. In all this, Mrs. Booze comes out decidedly in the better position. These Republican women acted like cads; the Negro wo- man swallowed the insult, explained it away and remained—a Republican. CONGRESS HE voter in the next campaign should keep one thing clearly in mind: it makes small difference to him as to who is President. Both Smith and Hoover represent Big Business and the Solid South; but it makes an enor- mous difference as to who is Congress- man from his district. The voters in every congressional district should con- scientiously and tirelessly investigate the congressional nominee: they should get his record in the past—his acts and votes when in public office, his writings, his speeches, and his present treatment of black folk; they should get the categorical promise of each nominee as to his attitude toward the Negro problem, lynching, liquor, farm relief, and government by organized wealth; and then, without any regard as to what the Congressman calls him- self, or by whom he is nominated, vote for him or against him according to his promises and particularly according to his past record. Everything else in this campaign is criss-cross and crazy, ex- cept the choice of individual members of Congress. LYNCHING N the annual address to the country issued by the N. A. A. C. P., we congratulated the United" States be- cause one period of one hundred and twenty days passed without a Negro being lynched. It seems that after all we were wrong. Here is the photo graph of a man lynched in Florida “sometime during the latter part of February or the first of March”. The snapshot was taken by a travelling salesman who had the film developed at Melbourne, Alabama, and then gave a copy to a colored police officer. We have been able to get no further information. We do not know what the name of the man who was lynched was or of what he was accused. He is evidently a well-dressed person and the hand-cuffs on his wrists show that he was in the custody of the officers of the law when murdered. (Will you please turn to page 322) Tue Crisis

Page 25

ice, his present should of each ard the r, farm ‘ganized regard lls him- ed, vote 1Z to his rding to e in this aZy, ex- nembers country . P., we ates be- lred and a Negro after all e photo- Florida part of h”. The ravelling leveloped nd then e officer. » further ow what ; lynched sed. He rson and how that e officers page 322) HE Crisis ATLANTA UNIVERSITY IONEER in _ liberal education. Advantages of a growing city and fraternal relations with other institu- tions of higher learning. College and Normal Departments. Practice teach- HOWARD UNIVERSITY Founded by General Oliver O. Howard WASHINGTON, D. C. An Outstanding National University tag i ade and High School work. f lb make good in Northern Uni- Purpose A University located at the Capital of the Nation, with artes To provide the Twelve a campus of twenty-five acres. Modern scientific and ‘ ; = aan eneral equipment. A plant worth approximately $3,- } , Te te Million Colored people 000,000." Aihetie ob 136 Biss ete coche ee ATLANTA, GA. of the United States of approximately 2,400, from 36 different states and 14 j with College - trained foreign countries. Generally acknowledged to be the outstanding National University of the Colored Peo- ple of America. Students may enter for Collegiate Work at the and Professional leaders through its courses in MorEHOUSE COLLEGE (Formerly Atlanta Baptist College) ARTS, SCIENCES, beginning of any Quarter ATLANTA, GA. SOCIOLOGY, EDU- REGISTRATION PERIODS College, Academy, Divinity School CATION, ECONOM- AUTUMN QuaRTER - - OcToBER 1, 2, 3, 1928 N institution famous within recent ICS: its Schools of Winter QuarTeR - - - - January 2, 1929 years for its emphasis on all sides . Seance Quanren - - = - MancH 20,'1929 Music, Applied Sci- HOWARD'S NEEDS ences, Medicine, Den- $120 per year to cover incidental fees, etc. tistry, Pharmacy, Re- (tuition) of a student for a year. $2,400 for ligion and Law. Permanent Scholarship. An Endowment Fund of at least $5,000,000. An Administration building, $100,000 to $150,000. A dormitory for Young Men, $150,000. A building for the College of of manly development—the only insti- tution in the far South devoted solely to the education of Negro young men. Graduates given high ranking by greatest northern universities. Debat- ing, Y. M. C. A., athletics, all live fea- tures. FOR INFORMATION, Address President Education, $150,000. Contributions for current resident expenses in any amount, however small. an ee ' Mordecai W. Johnson . FORM OF BEQUEST Secretary-Treasurer I give, devise and bequeath to The Howard Uni- versity, an institution incorporated by Special Act of Congress, and located at Washington, D. C., the sum Talladega College TALLADEGA, ALABAMA Sizty-first Year F. A. SUMNER, President UP-TO-DATE in its equipment. High standards of scholaship. Thoroughly Christian in its ideals. Emmett J. Scott The NORTH CAROLINA COLLEGE for NEGROES Formerly the Durham State Normal School OFFERS THE FOLLOWING COURSES 1, THE LIBERAL ARTS COURSE Leading to the A. B. Degree and offering sufficient work in Secondary Education to enable students to secure High School Teachers’ Cer- tificates, Class A, and High School Principals’ Certificates at the com- pletion of the course. 2. THE SCIENTIFIC COURSE Leading to the B. S. Degree. 3. THE PRE-MEDICAL COURSE A two-year pre-medical course preparing students for entrance into medical colleges will be given. 4. SPECIAL COURSES IN COMMERCE AND MUSIC ——r7+-—a Bo eo Social Service, Musi students, 65 teachers and workers, 800 acres, 35 buildings, electric lights, steam heat. and healthful location in the foothills of men M. B. MILLER, Registrar. Knoxville College KNOXVILLE, TENN. POPP PPP PPD PDP PD PLD LPP PPP PPP PPP PPP PPP PPP Beautiful Situation and Healthful Location. Best Moral and Spiritual Environment. Splendid Intellectual Atmosphere. Noted for Honest and Thorough Work. ODP EEE PLD IIL II III IPP FPF PPP PPP PPR PRADO Fully Accredited for * Certificates by State Board. Home-like Dormitory Life with Careful Supervision. Live Athletic and Literary Interests. COURSES: College, Normal, High School, House- held, Arts and Music. Expenses Very Reasonable Catalog and other literature sent free upon request, Address: J. KELLY GIFFEN, President. KNOXVILLE, TENN. The faculty consists of men and women from the best colleges and universities 2 the country and meets the requirements of the North Carolina College Con- erence. . FOR CATALOG AND FURTHER INFORMATION ADDRESS: THe NortH CAROLINA COLLEGE For NEGROES JAMES E. SHEPARD DURHAM, N. C. St. Mary’s School Am Episcopal boarding school for girls, under the direction of the sisters of St. Mary. Address: THE SISTER-IN-CHARGE, 4% Germantown Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. TRAINING OF KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS ATLANTA UNIVERSITY Professional Course of Two Years Address Atlanta University, Atlanta, Ga. THE PRIDE OF CAROLINA STATE AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE ORANGEBURG, SOUTH CAROLINA AMONG THE MOST DISTINGUISHED OF THE SEVENTEEN LAND GRANT COLLEGES IN ORGANIZATION. EQUIPMENT AND COURSES LEADING TO BACHELOR DEGREES, INCLUDING —s DERN BUILDINGS AFFORDING AMPLE SPACE FOR DORMITORIES, FIFTY MO in 3 LABORATORIES, RECITATIONS A EXTRA- , VALUED AT $1,000,000.00. FACULTY FROM THE GEST INSTITUTIONS IN AMERICA. FALL SESSION BEGINS SEPTEMBER 1928. ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ON REQUEST. R. 8. WILKINSON, President. September, 1928

Page 26

There Is a Great Demand for Graduates of the DENTAL and PHARMACY Departments of M Medical eharry If you have had at jeast two yeors of College Work College. : why don’t you apply for entrance to Dental Department, or if you have finished High School you can enter our Hampton Institute Hampton, Virginia

THE COLLEGE DIVISION OF EDUCATION—four-year high- ae og ig leading to degree of Bachelor ence; and two-year course for primary, intermediate and uppet-grade DIVISION OF AGRICULTURE — four-year course leading to degree of Bachelor of Science. DIVISION OF HOME EBCONOMI year course leading to degree of of Science; and twe-year course DIVISION OF BUSINESS—four-year couse leading to of poche of — and two-year and women course—aims prepare ay 4 -F vane subjects. business DIVISION = BUILDING Serer ar | —four-year leading degres of Science: and Loo-gent oo skilled builders. aims to wailn DIVISION OF LIBRARY SCIENCE—<cae- ear course—aims to prepare fer normal colleges and branch libraries in city systems. THR SUMMER pemete~saaee a degree of Bachelor Science and Certificates. 8 nevamgeet oe» MUSIO—four-year course lead- Ing te degree of Bachelor of Science. THE ACADEMY A etandard four-year accredited high schesl, preparing for college entrance. TRADE SCHOOL Four-year courses in cach of twelve trades. JAMES E. GREGG, Principal HAMPTON INSTITUTE, Virginia The TUSKEGEE NORMAL and INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE Department. Meharry Medical College DO IT NOW! Nashville, Tenn.

Agriculturai and Technical College of North Carolina AT GREENSBORO An “A” Grade Cellege An Agricultural Department Courses leading to the degree of B.S. in Agriculture. Courses Electrical fn eth neering and Architectural A Science Department Courses leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science. A Department of Educatien Courses leading — the degree < B.S. is —, for the training of Vocational A High School which prepares students for College and for Vocations. A Strong Business Department Courses in hand, Seine, Book- keeping, Commercial Law MODERN EQUIPMENT SPLENDID LOCATION MODERATE EXPENSES FALL TERM BEGINS SEPT. 17, 1928 For further information, address F. D. BLUFORD, President A. & T. COLLEGE Greensboro, N. C.

Ye Founded by Booker T. WASHINGTON ers Exce tgh Scho tional Opportunities to Negro Youth for Thorough Education in and College Courses and in Agriculture, Mechanical Industries and in Industries for Women.

THE DEPARTM T OF MECHANI- CAL INDUSTRI a a = ie, Hecho THE AGRICULTURAL DEPART- MENT with 1850 acres of land offers a ‘ome Demonstration a. af Kaseliena and as TWO-YEAR COLLEGE COURSES are offered im Education for the training of 7 Rebert R. Moton, Principal Teachers Elementary Schools, for Teachers = Mechanical Industries; in Business Practice; in Home Economics; and in Technical Arts. FOUR-YEAR COLES OURSES ay to the Bache are offered in A aon. in Ls nomics, and in Education. Se A. ANDREW MEMO- RIAL OSPITAL and Nurse Training School provides a_ three- course in Nurse Training which qualifies its gradu- ates for registration in all seuthern states. a SyMMER SCHOOL FOR TEACH- ERS, of at wate. - yn into two * ys ginning June Ist a ting - quirements of the Boards of “of Education of all southern states. Location Unsurpassed Information furnished upon application William H. Carter, Treasurer TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE, ALABAMA

Possibility of Democracy (Continued from page 296)

of a total literate Negro population 2} years of age and over, of (192)) 290,782. A resident of the state writes : “The requirements for registration in this state are that the ipp! ticants must be able to ‘read and write’, of understand the Constitution when al to them and must have paid their pol] tax for the past two years prior to the time at which they offer for registra. tion. “The Clerk of the Circuit Court in each county, or his deputy, is the sole judge of every one’s ability to qualify for registration and he is invariably a Democrat and adamant. All white folk are ‘qualified’. If a white person can- not read or write, such person is al- ways able to ‘understand the constitu- tion when read’. Hence, all white folk vote. “When a colored man comes up to register, as a rule, he is either uncere- moneously ordered out of the office with an oath before a question even has been asked; or is told by the clerk that he is busy and hasn’t time to reg- ister him; or is given something to read or asked a question, only to have the registration book closed, slammed to, and be told that he cannot qualify. “The Negro vote is smaller now than a year ago, since the last legisla- ture called for a new registration and it appears that it is a most difficult matter, to géf “as many on the rolls as were registered before. For example, in Hinds, the largest county in the State, there were 98 Negroes registered a year ago, but only 60 now.” In the state of Georgia, out of 369,- 511 Negroes 21 years of age and over, who can read and write, no one knows or is able to find out, apparently how many Negroes are registered. During the year 1926, 90,000 Negroes paid poll taxes and should have been en- titled to vote. It is doubtful, however, if as many as 10,000 actually voted. From Chatham County, where 22, 678 Negroes 21 years of age and over can read and write, there were 2,200 registered Negro voters in 1922 and 900 in 1927. In Floyd County, where there are 2,488 Negroes 21 years of age and over who can read and write, there are 120 colored women and 154 colored men who are registered. N Texas the difficulties are illus trated by one incident brought to my attention in 1918. Marion County, Texas, has a population of. 10,886, of which 6,667 are Negroes. ‘There are 2,146 whites 21 years of age and over, and 2,937 Negroes. Forty-three of the Tue Crisis

Page 27

racy 96) ‘ation 2] (1920), he state ‘istration pplicants rite’, or hen read heir poll or to the registra- Court in _ the sole 0 qualify ariably a rhite folk rson can- on is al- constitu- vhite folk nes up to r uncere- the office rion even the clerk ne to reg- ething to vy to have slammed t qualify. ler now st legisla- ation and t difficult e rolls as example, ty in the registered ” r. t of 369, and over, yne knows ently how During rroes paid been en- however, voted. vhere 22, - and over rere 2,200 1922 and there are age and , there are 4 colored are illus yrought to yn County, 10,886, of There are and over, hree of the re Crisis Lincoln University tS et cmmmmmmmememmemrssiactaas aces aia i aaa Pioneer in Cellegiate and Theological Education ccred by the Association a. aaee of . Mts Midd ile States and Mary LN Graduates are Leaders in the Liveries professions and in all parts of the Address: Wm. Hallock Johnson, President LINCOLN UNIVERSITY CHESTER COUNTY PENNSYLVANIA VIRGINIA UNION UNIVERSITY RICHMOND, VIRGINIA FRATED as a class A college by the State Boards of Education in Vir- ginia and North Carolina. In addition to the general college cur- riculum, work is offered in the follow- ing departments : Teachers College Pre-Medical Theological Law Commercial For additional information address THE PRESIDENT SHAW UNIVERSITY Founded 1865 Devoted exclusively to College and Theological work. “A” class college having a prestige in Ne- education. Given graduate oe universities of the North. With no igh school, increasing ousnetis is placed upon college standards and the promotion of col- lege spirit in scholarship and athletics. a iven: A.B., B.S., Th.B. and B.S. onomics. fon shengee is given to the training Terms moderate. Send for emake AW, Wutvensrry, RALEIGH, JOHNSON C. SMITH UNIVERSITY (Formerly Biddle University) FOUNDED 1867 FOR MEN ONLY CLASS “A” College and High School, so recognized by the North Carolina State Board of Education. A Standard Theological Seminary. Member of the Association of Col- leges for Negro Youth. Large endowment. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, address H. L. McCROREY, President Charlotte, North Carolina The Ancrum School of Music in P = oa 2. ane, Pipe Cum. Violin, New England faeulty. Fine dormitory rooms. Director: MRS, ESTELLE ANCRUM FORSTER Graduate N.E.C., 1919-20. Sexp FoR YEAR BOOK. ADDRESS: 74 W. Rutland Sq., Boston, Mass. September, 1928 whites are illiterate and 855 of the Negroes. It would look as though at least 1,500 of the Negroes were per- sons of intelligence and thrift, because they owned, in 1918, 85 per cent of the cultivated land and paid, outside the corporation taxes, over 50 per cent. of the taxes. Many Negroes owned farms of 1,000 acres and more,—one owning 3,200 acres. The Negroes owned 23 cotton gins, 25 grist mills, 32 saw mills and 17 shingle mills. There were 25 small merchants and one col- ored physician whose practice was 50 per cent. white. The six months col- ored county schools was “fairly good”. The town school in Jefferson ran nine months and had ten grades. And yet, in the face of that, the following elec- tion notice was issued Tuesday, Sep- tember 3rd, 1918: To the People of Jefferson: The election to be held Tuesday, Sept. 3rd is for the purpose of voting to re- peal the stock law or allowing it to stand as it is. It was unanimously voted by the Council to allow all White Citizens, Men and Women in the City of Jeffer- son, 21 years of age to vote on this question as the Council wants to know how the people stand on it. The people who are in favor of Repealing this law are willing that an Ordinance be passed allowing stock to run at large from 6 A. M. from Ist day of April until Ist day of December which would be 8 months in the year and put them up the remaining 4 months. You are all in- terested. So come out and vote. The Committee. It must be remembered that a Stock Law, which regulates the fencing of crops and the running at large of stock, is of great importance, both to the farmer and the small town worker. (To be continued in the October CrisIs) No White Woman (Continued from page 298) “‘What’s the matter?” “Well”—Prennel was handling a distasteful subject—“I think it’s noth- Simply too great a shock, too much excite- ing serious. She'll get over it. ment.” “What do you mean? What excite- ment?” Prenne]l perspired. “Listen, Cutney,”—the doctor went to the chair to close his bag—‘“she’s She'll be Call me been assaulted. Get me? awake in four or five hours. when she is.’ Prennel donned his hat and coat, and made an exit... . “The damned dirty nigger,” was muttering, Cutney VIRGINIA NorRMAL AND INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE (Virginia State College for Negro Yeuth) PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA Classed as an “A” ootene, or Virginia and North The oie an excellent FACULTY, good ter June 16. Expenses moderate. Fer further information write te Miss J. Louise Barrett, Registrar The Cardinal Gibbons Institute RIDGE, ST. MARY’S COUNTY, MARYLAND A school for Negro young men and wo- men of character and purpose. Course of Junior High School grade offered for the coming year. General Mechanics, Agriculture and Do- mestic Science are taught in parallel courses. Living conditions simple, healthful, well- supervi For further information, address Victor H. Daniel, Principal, Ridge, Maryland Bethune-Cookman Colle ge (Formerly The Daytona Normal and Industrial Inst.) DAYTONA BEACH, FLORIDA jp ccarep in the beautiful Halifax country on the East coast of Florida. An institution where opportunity is afforded for the highest and best in education. Offering courses in JUNIOR COLLEGE Normal Training School for Teachers College Preparatory PECIAL work offered in Commerce, Music, Do- mestic Science and Art, Agriculture and Car- pentry. Athletics encouraged for Boys and Girls. Dormitory Facilities unsurpassed. FOR INFORMATION, Write to Mary McLeod Bethune, President EpwarRD WATERS COLLEGE JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA An Ideal Christian Home Schooti in the Heart ef Beautiful Florida ; For students unable to stand the rigors of a Northern winter. Grammar School, Junior High School, Senior Hi School, Normal School, . Degree, tic Science ior. Art, Bond Military Training for men, Physical for women. Albert 8B. . Bishep Jeha Hurst, Chatrwan Beard. of Trustese f t } rt t

Page 28

Paine College AUGUSTA, GA. Standard College Courses Approved Two-Year Normal Accredited Senior High School Up-to-Date Junior High School “To develop leaders you must have the best possible equipment for liter- ary training and that is what we ore striving for at Paine College”, said one of the leaders of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. This Church contributes largely to the support of Paine Coilege. Beak A Goop ScHooL aT REASONABLE RATES For further information, address RAY S. TOMLIN, President PAINE COLLEGE The Atlanta School of Social Work INCORPORATED GOOD PAYING JOBS FOR TRAINED NEGROES IN SOCIAL WORK Prepares Men and Women for This Interesting Profession. A NEW DIRECTOR AND AN EX- PANDED PROGRAM THIS YEAR. For Further Information, Address the Director. Forrester B. Washington, A.M. Atlanta School of Social Work 239 Auburn Avenue Northeast Atlanta, Georgia Simmons University, suisville, 7: The only institution in the State having for its object Collegiate, Ministerial, Medical and Legal training for Colored Citizens in Kentucky. Special training ing and Hospital Work. Normal, Commercial, ae Domestic Science, Missionary Training C Brening classes, oereeeee course. Degrees Cc. H. PARRISH, President. in Insurance, Social Service, Nurs- “Genevieve!” he called. “Yes?”—and the maid entered the recom. “Where’s Tom?” “TI dunno, Mr. Cutney, I dunno. He was gone early this mornin’. It wasn’t his fault—” “Oh—get to hell out of here... . The dirty black skunk!” ENEVIEVE got out. He felt like shaking her squat stupidity into a screaming litheness. Cutney sat down on the bed. He looked at his tired sleeping wife, and pondered in an agony. He might have known. The brute, the splendidly built brute, was only an animal—lazy, grace- tul, moony as an animal. Inarticulate. His songs were a baying at the moon. He had done this thing crudely, pow- erfully, brutally, as a beast does. Slow, relentless, watching for an opportunity, then fleeing in the night. He thought of Tom swimming, hugely enjoying his sleek, smiling body. The damned animal—the dirty brute. He should have been crushed, obliter- ated. Tom singing. The ease of it, the smooth flow untroubled by conscious- ness, the earthy, nocturnal fascination of it. Animal caterwauling—a cooler caterwauling. Its final expression this brutality. The hours passed. He had stripped Tom of his clothes. He thought of him naked, his blackness baking in the sun, stretching in the sun, rolling, prowling. The long arms and hands had held his wife. . . . He looked for bruises on her face. There were none. .. The damned brute. Thus for hours. His mind ground over and over again his hatred, his dis- gust. His small stock of profanity failed to appease his profound wrath. His final picture of Tom was of a monstrous malevolence, a giant, leer- ing gorilla. “You’re wanted on the ’phone, Mr. Cutney,” Genevieve’s hushed voice called through the door. Cutney went, numbly. “Hello. This is Ralleck. We're organizing a gang to get that damned — — — —. Yeh, it’s all over town. Prennel’s spread it. We’re goin’ right away. ... The sheriff’s barkin’ up the wrong tree.... We'll let you know when we get ’im. .. . Good-bye.” UTNEY went to the bedroom, brushing aside a terrified and pal- ritating Genevieve. . . . The beast de- served it. Such brutes should be crushed to pulp. He imagined keen tortures. His wife’s movements interrupted his enjoyment. Her hands were grip- | Lincoun HEVaHTs PRINCESS ANNE ACADEMY Eastern Branch of the Uni. versity of Maryland PRINCESS ANNE, MARYLAND Junior College Grade Ideal Location, Health Climate, Strong Faculty. - Departments: JUNIOR COLLEGE.—Engli Education, Mathematics, Fovelen Languages, Religious Education Science, Sociology. ; HIGH SCHOOL. — Drawi English, History, Voreign Law guages, Mathematics, Music, Phys- ical Education, Religious Educa- tion, Science. INDUSTRIAL, — Agriculture, Auto-mechanics, __ Blacksmithing, Carpentry, Dairying, Home Eco- nomics, Horticulture, Poultry Husbandry, Printing, Home-nurs- ing. Commercial.—Stenography and Typewriting. MUSIC.—Vocal, Instrumental. Saint Frances’ Academy East Chase St., Baltimore, Maryland Private Boardirg School for Girls conducted by . the Oblate Sisters of Providence High School, Intermediate and Primary Courses, Music and Art. For Catalogue address the Sister Directress Burrell Memorial Hospital Training School for Nurses ROANOKE, VA. State accredited. Three year course in general nursing. 50 bed hospital. On approved list of American Col- lege of Surgeons. Free tuition, board and room, text-books, uniforms ; also monthly cash allowance. Ideal loca- tion, 1,000 feet above sea level. Only High School graduated admitted. cee eeneprnteeeeecrameneetil Write to, Ethel M. Bigham, R. N. Supt. of Nurses A PLAY Sitctt*a: Stay GIVES more iaughs and puts more cash inte the Treasury than any Entertainment that a Chureb @& Club can have. Everybody likes te attend the Slabtown_ District Convention It is a scream and at the same time it is Sense Because it teaches a number of good lessons. —_—_— GET IT AND GIVE IT—PRICE 500 Miss Nannie H. B Author and Publisher WASHINGTON, D. 6. ces woe

Page 29

my e, cted by ; ourses, tress Wilberforce University FouNDED 1856 Offering Degrees in the Arts and Sciences Full Four Year College Work Leader in the Trades, Nor- mal Training, and a Com- plete Four Year Course in Home Economics A Most Healthful Place For INFORMATION President G. H. JONES, Supt. R. C. Bundy, of C. N. and I, Dept. Tue CHEYNEY TRAINING SCHOOL FOR TEACHERS (A STATE NORMAL SCHOOL) CHEYNEY, PA. A PENNSYLVANIA State Normal School offering, in addition to the regular Normal Academic Course of two years, professional three courses in Home Economics and Shop Work. A diploma from any of these courses makes a graduate eligible te teach in the public schools of Pennsylvania. For farther information and catalog, write LESLIE PINCKNEY HILL, Principal CHEYNEY, PA. ST. AUGUSTINE’S COLLEGE Raleigh, North Carolina Founded 1867 Conducted under the auspices of the Episcopal Church. A four-year College Course is now being offered, including Pre-Medical and Teacher Training features. _ A College Preparatory Department, Train- ing School for Nurses, and School for Re- ligious and Social workers are connected with the College. Thorough training, healthy environment, Christian influences. For Catalog and information write The Registrar St. Augustine’s College Raleigh, N. C . VOCATIONAL and TRADE TRAINING t a The Y. W. C. A. 179 W. 137th St. New York, N. Y. The SECRETARIAL and BUSINESS SCHOOL— offering thorough training in all branches of office and secretarial pmactice, with emphasis upon the successful adjustment of our graduates in the business world. The DRESSMAKING SCHOOL—complete, in- tensive course, developed on the shop plan, to insure the graduation—into the trade of exper- tenced drapers, designers and dressmakers. Apply early for Living Accommodations at the Y. W. C. A. Residence School Opens September 17, 1928 For Further Information Write The Educational Director September, 1928 OT Dn ne ———————_ ping the blanket. Her head rolled slightly to one side on the pillow. “Oh, Tom. . . . Oh, Tom,” she murmured. The voice puzzled Cutney. ‘There was not terror in it, nor tears, nor hor- ror. There was sadness, melancholy. What was the heavily breathed aspirate quality of it? A sort of eagerness, mingled with pain? Bosh! it was fright, terror, worn a little thin and strange by exhaustion . . . The damned dirty nigger. Poor Marion! She was awaking. Cutney called Prennel over the telephone. And, while he waited, he re-aligned his in- dictments, his exquisite, shining tor- tures, dismissed the insistent irrelev- ance of the voice’s sound. The doctor came just the telephone rang again. It was Ralleck. Tom was caught. The gang was near Layne’s farmhouse. Would Cutney come immediately ? “Can I use your car, Doc?” he asked. “Sure. I'll walk to town. maid’ll look after your wife.” As he drove, thoughts of revenge seemed to lose their relish. ‘The sound of his wife’s voice, that liquid murmur out of her unconsciousness, gnawed at him. He drove faster and faster, away from the voice. He tried concentrat- ing his mind on profanity, but to no avail. The voice followed. In twenty minutes he saw the crowd, lapping over into the road. Ralleck, a burly fellow, ran toward him as the brakes slowed down the car. “We couldn’t wait,” he was say- ing. “The damned skunk insulted your wife—so we strung him up right away. There ain’t a kick left in him.” Cutney looked up to where Ralleck pointed. Tom dangled from an oak branch, limp, his fine uprightness gone. “Insulted my wife, did he?” he mut- tered. “Yeh — we woman—” “Thanks, boys,” Cutney interrupted hastily, and turning his car into Layne’s roadway, he backed into the road and left. . .’. The know no7 white The Little Page 317 (Continued from page 299) has flourished for years and years.” “Pardon me. But listen. I hear the children coming, the children of the house to which our garden plot belongs. Do you hear them? They will soon be running down this slope to play. I want you to watch them.” Little Rose held herself very still. “Look!” whispered Gladiolus as six merry boys and girls danced down the hill toward the flower beds. ‘The children friends.” “But what of that?” inquired Little Rose. “Some of them are golden colored of the house and _ their and some of them are black. Some are blonde. Some are dark brown. Some are light brown.” “Yes?” My Little Rose waited. “That, My little Rose, is why I lcve them. Their foreparents were brought from Africa. So were ours. They are of many colors. So are we. Are they not the Gladioli? Will you bow to them, My Little Rose? Will you bow to them?” The Poet’s Corner (Continued from page 300) Did I carp when you created beautiful curls, Becoming curls, to deck your Marcian Bob? Or of the Bob itself? Or of how you smiled to hear me sing Of how Malindy sings? Or when you required of me the sad songs of my fathers? Or when your body lilted to the sway of new folk music? And your nimble feet tangled in the double-quick movement of my body-wriggling, syncopated dance? Did I charge that you were aping me? (Why should I Or why should anyone?) I only thought that you were questing Beauty. Oh friend let’s be kind to one another! Let us be mutual teachers, Mutually questing El Dorado; Lovely Arcady; Those are wonderful Hands that fash- ioned us! Handle those cosmetics softly; I would more beautify these curls, This skin; Would refine this brain. Oh chide me not if I met Keats and Poe, If I met Keats and Poe— And love them! Along the Color Line (Continued from page 309) delegates on the special trains were pessimistic as to the kind of hotel that could be built in so short a time. The astonishment and admiration was un- bounded when June 27th they were ushered into a new hotel with 100 rooms and sixty private baths, a patio and foyer with mezzanine writing room, elevators and dining room with balcony seating three hundred persons. @ The hotel is four stories in height, built of brick.” It extends eighty-five feet on Central Avenue and 120 feet on 41st Street, with a wide alley in the rear. On the ground floor there is a drug store, beauty shor, flower shop, ladies and gentlemen’s Ready-to- 317

Page 30

Let Consumers Service Serve You ON’T WORRY BECAUSE YOU DON’T HAVE THE MONEY to take advantage of cer- tain bargains and later worry again because you have the money and no bargains seem available. BARGAIN TAKES ADVAN- TAGE OF YOU whenever you buy what you don’t need sim- ply because the price is marked own. UR GUARANTEED SERVICE SAVES FOR YOU by secur- ing at a worth while discount what you need when you want it. Consequently you may dismiss the anxiety of bargain hunting and get the standard merchandise you prefer. HE COST OF THE SERVICE IS SMALL. We are con- vinced that you will continue to use it after you have tried it. On this account we are offering the service to you free of charge for the first sixty days, after which you will pay, if satisfied, the nom- inal charges of $5.00 a year, $2.75 for six months or $1.50 for three months. PPROPRIATE GIFTS FOR ALL OCCASIONS — also shoes, clothing, leather goods, music, stationery, pennants, badges—in fact practically any- thing you need. CONSUMERS SERVICE GEN. P. O. BOX 18, New York City Yes. I will try your service for sixty days. If it is satisfactory I will take advantage of the same for a period of One year $5.00 as checked Six months ... 2.75 Three months . 1.50 I am especially interested in se- curing best prices on the following merchandise THE FRANCIS E. W. HARPER GIRLS’ DORMITORIES 1424 Christian Street Philadelphia, Pa. mm mana cob i porn = St M. WATKINS, Supt. You Should Read St. John’s Revelation Unsealed Amazing, fascinating, soul-satiafying. The Revela- tion verbatim sanely analyzed. Guarda Publishing Co. 2234 Los Angeles, Calif: Wear store, barber, tailor, and coftee shops. The kitchen is completely fur- nished with electric dishwasher and icebox, ranges and all modern con- veniences. Chambermaids, waitresses and bellboys are in uniform. The rooms are furnished with telephones and the grill, balconies and stairways have wrought iron railings. @ The whole hotel is beautifully carpeted and furnished with. specially built furniture, including curtains and wall frescoes. On the second floor there is a house physician, real estate office and a Unity reading room. The approximate cost of the hotel was $250,000, of which over $35,000 rep- resents furnishings. The rooms all have running hot and cold water and steam heat. @ Dr. Somerville undertook this hotel. as an individual venture, after he was unable to interest others in a corporation. One of the largest banks of Los Angeles loaned him $100,000 when it heard of the project. He has finally been able to form a corporation and is now selling stock on the basis of an accomplished effort. @ Francis A. Gregory was graduated from the Case School of Applied Science with honor, standing fifth in a class of 170. During his course, he won scholarships and prizes. @ Miss Cheta McCard received her degree of Bachelor of Arts, Cum Laude, at Smith College last June. @ At the Tennessee A. and I. State College 32 graduates received the B. S. Degree. @ George W. Gore, Jr. received his degree of A. M. from the Harvard Graduate School of Education and has been appointed Dean of Tennessee A. and I. State College. @ The 25th Annual Meeting of the National Association of Teachers in Colored Schools was held in Charles- ton, West Virginia in July. Among the speakers were the Governor of the State, Superintendent of Education, President of Howard University, Mrs. Alice Dunbar Nelson and Dr. C. G. Woodson. W. J. Hale of the Ten- nessee A, and I. State College pre- sided and John W. Davis was elected President for the ensuing year. @ In the August Crisis the pictures and names of Charles Gomillian and Martin Williams, and of R. T. Fletcher and Lionel Fraser were in- advertently transposed. @ Harrison Ferrell received his Ph. D. at Northwestern University in German last June. Mr. Ferrell is 27 years of age and is the youngest person to whom Northwestern has given this degree. ENGLAND @ Marcus Garvey has established headquarters of the U.N. |. A. in the West Kensington District of London and has held a public meeting in Al. bert Hall. @ Nineteen Negro students under the Extension Division of Hampton Institute have visited London for five days on the Second Educational Toy; of Europe. The party is to visit Hol. land, France and Belgium. @ The Reverend D. C. Davis reports that the English Baptists have pene. trated fifteen hundred miles into the interior of Belgian Congo and have over thirty thousand children in their schools. There are 73 main mission stations and several hundreds smaller centers. @ Paul Robeson, beside his main dramatic work, has been singing a Drury Lane Theatre, accompanied by Lawrence Brown. WEST AFRICA @ Nana Sir Ofori Atta, K. B, E, Omanhene of Akim Abuakwa, Gold Coast, West Africa, arrived in Eng. land June 15th with golden crown, wand of office and umbrella carrier, He visited a cricket match, toured Lon- don and the Houses of Parliament and Westminster Abbey. He laid a wreath at the Cenotaph and was invested with Knighthood by the King at Bucking- ham Palace, June 27th. He was shown the ships and the army and was entertained at luncheon by Sir Gor- don Guggisberg. He then left for the Continent and returned to visit Eng- lish provincial cities before leaving for Africa. SOUTH AFRICA @ General Hertzog of the Union of South Africa is going to hold a nm tional campaign attended by leaders of all the political parties under the presi- dency of the Chief Justice to settle the native question. @ The following Radiogram has been received from South Africa: Crisis here among native trades union workers. Funds urgently required to save failure in important effort to better native conditions. Could you appeal to American brothers for Five Hundred Pounds. Have asked Chairman of Car- negie Trust to kindly give references and explain cause.. Am writing. ETHELREDA Lewis, Editor “Trader Horn” EAST AFRICA @ The African War Memorial has been unveiled by Her Highness Mant Louise of Great Britain on Sixth Ave nue, Nairobe, East Africa. In the center is a very important looking white officer, while on either side is an African carrier and an African soldier, Tue Criss

Page 31

tablished A. in the London g in Al. $ under Lampton for five 1al Tour isit Hol- iS Teports IVE pene- into the and have | in their 1 Mission S smaller his main inging at panied by .. B. E, wa, Gold in Eng- n crown, a carrier, ured Lon- iment and a wreath ested with Bucking- He was y and was Sir Gor- -ft for the visit Eng- eaving for 4 Union of old a na leaders of - the presi- » settle the m has been rades union ‘equired to rt to better u appeal to - Hundred ran of Car- erences and Horn” morial_ has ness Marit Sixth Ave 1. In the nt looking r side is af can soldier. HE Criss The Far Horizon (Continued from page 310) There is no section where greater effort is made to observe and to en- force observance of Sunday as a day of holiness. There is no section where a larger percentage of the population frowns upon dancing, card playing and other “worldly” pleasures. : There is no section where whiskey and wine and beer are more bitterly denounced. There is no section where the law and the public are more severe in con- demnation of gambling. ; These statements are made without intent to be oratorical. They are a grave and simple statement of fact. And I speak from first-hand knowl- edge, for I have lived in Kansas, Okla- homa, Missouri, Nebraska, California, Washington; Virginia, West Virginia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, North Carolina and Georgia, and have spent a little time in several other States. This section of the country, as I say, sets up high standards of righteous- ness, piety, chivalry and honor, and be- cause its blood is hot it is quick to re- sent any criticism of its imperfections. And yet I know of no other section that has so little reason to boast. There is no other section where so large a percentage of the male popula- tion will lie to make a dollar. There is no other section where so many men make debts they do not try to pay. There is no other section where dead- beats and liars are accepted by society as a whole and treated as courteously as honorable men. ; There is no other section where so many men make vulgar and insulting remarks about women, delights in filthy sex stories and abuse their wives. There is no other section where men who think themselves chivalrous con- tinue to treat women as inferiors who belong in the kitchen. te is no other section where men whe boast of being gentlemen are so abysmally ignorant of the qualities re- quired in the making of a gentleman. There is no other section where church membership and professed Chris- tianity leave men so free to practice the immoralities frowned upon by all churches. i There is no other section where church people, while professing to be- lieve the use of intoxicants sinful, con- sume so much moonshine whiskey. There is no other section where so many people who denounce dancing and card playing stoop to lying, cheating, slandering and stealing. There is no other section where so many church people frown on gambling @ yet gain and lose money in gam- mM cotton futures. is, in short, no other section of the United States where so large a Percentage of the population is com- posed of self-righteous hypocrites. September, 1928 HOWARD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW Washington, D. C. A STANDARD LAW SCHOOL located at the Nation’s Capitol and offer- ing courses of thirty-two weeks’ duration, leading to the degree of LL.B. FULL-TIME day classes, in addition to the present afternoon and evening classes, will be inaugurated with the opening of the new school year. CAREFULLY selected library of 13,000 volumes, including the Supreme Court Reports of half the States to the Reporter System, the complete Nationai Reporter System, the American Digest System and the National Citation System covering every State in the Union. Open from 10 A. M. to 10 P. M. FACULTY of twelve, under the Deanship of Mr. Chief Justice Fenton W. Booth of the U. S. Court of Claims, including Two Judges, Two former At- torneys for the United States and Eight other Recognized Specialists. - FIRST SEMESTER BEGINS OCTOBER 1, 1928 For further information address JAMES C. WATERS, JR., Secretary 420 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, D. C. CRISIS PERSONAL STATIONERY Suitable for Your Daily and Most Particular Correspondence. Your Name and Address or Monogram richly EMBOSSED (not printed) on extra heavy, fine quality Stationery. Each sheet and envelope is marked with lus- trous raised letters, giving the appearance of costly die-engraving and at less than half the price Send us your 3 year sub- | scription ($4.50) to THE CRISIS and we will send you a box of CRISIS PER- SONAL STATIONERY with our compliments, or if Social Size—Bond Paper a Meets the demands of people of refinement and good taste. 100 double sheets (67%x5% when folded) and - 200 single sheets (100 embossed and 100 lain) and 100 envelopes, em- 2-00 For embossing all 200 single sheets add 50 cents. Colors of Paper—White, Grey, Blue or Bisque (Sand). Colors of Embossing—Black, Blue, Green or Gold. you prefer, just order sta- tionery at rates quoted. Prices include 1, 2 or 3 lines of wording or your monogram. Additional limes, 15c per line. Postage prepaid east of Mississippi. To Western points, Canada and Island Possessions, add 10% extra per box. Foreign countries, add 5@ cents. ENCLOSE CHECK, MONEY ORDER OR CURRENCY WITH ORDER — SHIPMENT IN ABOUT FIVE DAYS. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED OR MONEY REFUNDED. THE CRISIS MAGAZINE 69 Fifth Avenue New York City

Page 32

MORGAN (COLLEGE John O. Spencer, President John W. Haywood, A.M., S.T.D., Deas LOCATION:—College town between North and South. COURSES:—Semester Credit System. A.B., B.S., and B.S. in Education degrees. Advanced courses in Education Certifi- cates for high school teaching. RATING:—Accredited by the Association of Colle; and Preparatory Schools for the Middle. States and Maryland, by the State Board of Education in Maryland, and other States. POLICY :—Co-educational. FACULTY:—University trained specialists. SITE:—Eighty-five acres, beautiful scenery, athletic fields. DORMITORIES:—Equipped and supervised. SUMMER SCHOOL:—(1928) Six weeks, June 25th to August 3rd. Seas OPEN:—September 23, REGISTRATION :—Sept. 23rd and 24th, 1927. INFORMATION :—Address Edward N. Wil- son, Registrar, Morgan College, Balti- more, Md Wiley College MARSHALL, TEXAS M. W. DOGAN, President H. J. MASON, Executive Secretary Ideals, Traditions, Standards of the Finest Quality. Faculty composed of high grade teachers. Maintains following departments: College, Senior High School, Extension, Correspon- dence, Music, Commerce, Home Economics, Founda- tion for Study of Prohibition and the Negro— both research and publicity phases. Offers abundant opportunity to students for train- ing in qualities of leadership. Excellent student personnel, fine College atmos- phere, wholesome student activities. Championship debating and athletic teams. Graduates admitted on approval to best universities. Diploma recognized in number of states. For further information, write the Dean or REGISTRAR. LIVINGSTONE COLLEGE SALISBURY, NORTH CAROLINA An “A” Class College PRESENTS STRONG FACULTY MODERN EQUIPMENT CO-EDUCATIONAL Offers the Following Courses: THEOLOGICAL Hich ScHooL LiperaL ARTS AND SCIENCES Domestic ARTS AND SCIENCES Music A School of Liberal Training with Distinct Religious Atmosphere, All Athletics Fall Term Begins Sept. 19, 1928 For Information Address W. J. TRENT, President Rust College GOING TO COLLEGE? Come to Rust College—Beautifully Located. Students from Fourteen States the College of Liberal Arts, Standard Normal, Home Economics, Music, Junior and Senior High Schools. Efficient Faculty. New Equipment fer Laborateries, Enlarged Library. Rates Reasenable For further information write President L. M. McCoy Holly Springs Mississippi 7 . Allen University Columbia, S. C. A Co-Educational Institution Offering Courses in THE JUNIOR COLLEGE FOR TEACHERS ARTS AND SCIENCES THEOLOGY MUSIC COMMERCE HOME ECONOMICS TEACHER TRAINING A SPECIALTY DEGREES: A.B., B.D., Th.B., A.B. in Education Approved by the State of South Caroline. Aided by the Slater Fund and the General Education Board. Facilities increased this year. DAVID H. SIMS, President BISHOP JOHN HURST, Chairman Trustee Board Florida Normal and Collegiate Institute ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA (The Ancient City of Sunshine Land) Junior Hicu Senior HicH TEACHER TRAINING Junior CoLtece Courses Pre-MEDICAL AND VOCATIONAL CouRSES For further information address NATHAN W. COLLIER, Pres. STORER COLLEGE HARPERS FERRY, W. VA. Magnificent location of race scenic and historic interest. Junior College, Normal, High School Courses, Music, Domestic Art, Religious influences, Non-sectarian. Anthony Hall being rebuilt and ready September 1. Funds for a fine new Domestic Science Building provided and soon to be erected. For Catalog, address Registrar. Te Sach shorthand Gat ene can mead end uniq If the applicant has the educational q finished in a few months. 1227 8. 17TH ST. 320 ’ 2 ulart ’ ° The Stenographers’ Institute fect: Duncan’s Business School STENOGRAPHERS EFFICIENTLY TRAINED transcribe ; “‘Touch’’ rapidly and accurately; business law is jaa, A HIGH STANDARD OF EFFICIENCY ualification and willingness Fall term begins October |, 1928 EMPLOYMENT SERVICE: Free te anybedy—Clerical, EDWARD T. DUNCAN, Principal taught to manipulate typewriting machines ic: tad cur beckkenping ond aling isuem ie to work incessantly, the course may be Domestic and otherwise. PHILA., PA. COMMUNISTS HE WORKERS’ ( Communist) Party of America, through its executive committee in New York, has issued the following manifesto in the Negro problem. The manifesto is the election cam. paign pronouncement of the Workers (Communist) Party on this important question. It contains the following de. mands, which are taken from the plat. form of the Workers ( Communist) Party and which demands clearly in. dicate the position of the Party on the lynchings and on the Negro question: 1. A Federal law against lynching, and the protection of the Negro masses in their right of selt-detense. 2. Abolition of the whole system of race discrimination. Full racial, politi. cal and social equality for the Negro race. 3. Abolition of all laws which result in segregation of Negroes. Abolition of all Jim-Crow laws. The law shall for. bid all discrimination against Negroes in selling or renting houses. 4. Abolition of all laws which dis franchise the Negroes. 5. Abolition of laws forbidding inter. marriage of persons of different races, 6. Abolition of all laws and public administration measures which prohibit, or in practice prevent, Negro children or youth from attending general public schools or universities. 7. Full and equal admittance of Negroes to all railway station waiting rooms, restaurants, hotels, and theaters. 8. Abolition of discriminatory prac- tices in courts against Negroes. No dis- crimination in jury service. 9. Abolition of the convict lease sys- tem and “of the chain gang. 10. Abolition of all Jim-Crow dis- tinctions in the army, navy and civil service. 11. Immediate removal of all restric- tions in all trade unions against the membership of the Negro workers. 12. Equal opportunity for employ- ment, wages, hours and working con- ditions for Negro workers and white workers. Equal pay for equal work for Negro and white workers. The manifesto clearly states the pos tion of the Democratic and Republican Parties in their attitude towards lynch- ing and comes to the conclusion that these two parties are not opposed to the lynching system but instead support 1 It also points out that the candidates o! the Republican and Democratic Parties, Hoover and Smith, are both more inter- ested in maintaining the lynching system than in fighting it. In addition, it & poses the role of the Socialist Party om the Negro question, particularly its sup port of the segregation process as far as the Party itself is concerned, its sur port of the opposition to the organizt tion of Negro workers by Mr. Grett and other officials of the American Fed eration of Labor, and the fact that the Socialist Party does not oppose the role of Randolph, the leader of the Neg porters, in coming out for the suppot Tue Criss

Page 33

mmunist) rough its ew York, Nifesto jn ction cam. > Workers important lowing de. n the plat. ommunist) clearly jin. irty on the question: t lynching, ZTO Masses system of cial, politi. the Negro Thich result Abolition of v shall for- st Negroes which dis- dding inter- rent races, and public ch prohibit, children or eral public littance of ion waiting nd theaters. atory prat- es. No dis- t lease sys- -Crow dis- y and civil > all restric- against the vorkers. ‘or employ- rorking con- ; and white ial work for tes the posi- 1 Republican wards lynch- clusion that yposed to the 1 support it -andidates of -atic Parties, . more inter- ching system lition, it ex- ist Party oo larly its sup- ocess as far ‘ned, its sup he organiza- Mr. Green merican Fed- fact that pose the role £ the Negro the support “HE Crisis nor Smith, who is the candi- oa the Party of the Southern jynchocrats. AMERICA AND SOUTH AFRICA ILLIAM EVELEIGH con- W trasts the Negro problems of America and South Africa in the Lon- don Quarterly Review: The two countries present some ar- resting contrasts so far as the political aspects of the situation are concerned. At the present time natives in the Cape Province enjoy franchise rights on equal terms with Europeans, and in eight or ten constituencies they hold the balance of power. Altogether there are about 14,000 native voters. In Natal, natives are entitled to a franchise, but it is so hedged about with conditions that there are but one or two persons really elig- ible. In the Transvaal and the Orange Free State all natives are by law ex- cluded from the franchise. In America, by the rights given to them in the fourteenth and fifteenth amendments to the Constitution, the Negroes are entitled to all the rights of other American citizens. In practice, however, they are not able to exercise those rights. The Southern States have adopted constitutional amendments that have restricted the Negro vote with the ultimate result that the Negro has been ruled out as a political factor. Where the weapons of State law have not been available, the methods of intimidation have been used with considerable force. In the South to-day, though the number of qualified Negro voters is steadily in- creasing, the Negro’s share in the gov- ernment is very limited indeed. In the North, however, he is able to exercise his franchise right, and in many States he is becoming an important factor in politi- cal life. All the signs go to indicate his larger participation in the government, in every phase of political life. But what do we find in South Africa? Here the state of public opinion is such that there is little hope of extending the Cape system—“‘equal rights for all civ- ilized men”—to the other provinces. The fear of submersion is too strong The Prime Minister, General Hertzog, advo- cates the abolition of the Cape franchise, the direct representation of natives in Parliament by seven special European’ members elected by the native commun- ity constituencies, and the provision of a Council system of parallel institutions possessing legislative or quasi-legislative powers over all the country, with the apex of the scheme a Union Native Council of fifty members with full ad- visory powers and also limited legislative powers. This is an indication that South Africa is prepared to make a bold politi- cal experiment rather than admit even the more advanced natives to suffrage rights. However, the natives who are able to express themselves protest unani- mously against the abolition of the Cape anchise, and in their attitude they are September, 1928 WANTED EVERYWHERE “Geshe, soumtroney, typi, Stesegruphere Downingtown Industrial and Agricultural School DOWNINGTOWN, PA. (Under the Supervision of the Pennsyl- vania Department of Public Instruction.) SPECIALIZES in training good workers and good citizens and effers to boys and girls over thirteen years of age Healthy Climate Outside of City Faculty ef College-trained Teachers Junior and Senior ie Scheel Courses Preperly Supervised Athietic and Sootai Recreation For further information write J. H. N. WARING, JR. Principal The Lincoln School for Nurses in the City of New York offers to young colored women having completed a four year high school and holding a diploma, a three years’ course of instruction in nursing. Capacity of hospital—420 beds. For information apply to: Superintendent of Nurses MISS S. J. FORD Lincoln School for Nurses New York, N. Y. Haven Ceachers College Teachers College Censervatery of Musie Genler High Schoel Sechee! eof Business Junior High Scheel Scheel ef Home Ecsnomics Training Schoel Accredited Summer School for Teachers Beautiful Park-like Campus Geo ‘Ore Department ef cal Education wii intra-mural and inter-collegiate athletics Terms Reasonable For catalog or further information address J. Beverty F. Suaw, President MERIDIAN, MISSISSIPPI Watchman Industrial School North Scituate, Rh. Is. This Institute provides an opportunity for boys and girls from the age of 12 years and up to acquire a sound training for active lead- ership and service in improving the religious, moral, industrial and civic conditions of the communities in which they may live. Healthy Climate Outside ef City Junior High School Course For further information write: President RHODE ISLAND WILLIAM S. HOLLAND, NORTH SCITUATE Working in spare time, J. H. WADE made $200 in 2 weeks. A. BEAMOVIE G. MASON earned $617 for a few days’ work. You, too, can soon OPERATOR qualify for the wonderful oppor- Tre sive gresecter tunities in this fascinating, big pay heme. Bis de- profession. mand by movie CAMERA FREE BOOK tells how | 324,_, vaudeville famous experts teach you GIVEN money-making secrets of photography, in your spare time at for folder, home, or in our great New York Studios—how we help you get a fine position or start your own business—how we give you a professional camera. Write today for Book and Job Chart. N. Y. Institute of Photography, 10 W. 33rd St., N. Y. Dept. 35 Judson Douglas Wetmore Attorney at Law 1440 Broadway New York (Telephone Lackawanna 5494-5) Member of all courts of New York State and of the Supreme Court of the United States, will lend money on Ist, 2nd and 8rd mortgages. Real estate of all = ought, exchanged and sold. 1882 LANE COLLEGE 1927 | Jackson, Tennessee A GROWING College with a splendid his- tory and a bright future. It offers modern courses in Collegiate, Theological, Musical, College Preparatory, Teachers’ Training, Home Economics and Pre-Medical subjects. Proper standards of conduct as well as scholarship are maintained. Well equipped laboratories, dormitories with modern conveni- ences and facilities under xenare Christian influences are supported. ‘or further infor- mation address J. F. LANE, President, Jackson, Tennessee. COOK BOOK — FREE Write at once! We shall tell you how you can get a modern cook book with all the latest receipes FREE. REGINALD & HAYWARD Dept. M, 147 N. Western Avenue CHICAGO, ILLINOIS The Stenographers’ Institute $36,000 DRIVE FOR DUNCAN’S BUSINESS SCHOOL The Stenographers’ Institute, popularly known as Duncan’s Business School, is making a $36,000 Drive for funds to com- plete a work that was started with $5. The school now owns three buildings valued at $21,000, a school equipment of $6,000 and a large library; but Mr. Dun- can’s desire is to increase the present worth of the school to $500,000, through donations of friends and well-wishers, to make a place where at least 100 boys and girls, men and women may work in vari- ous lines, earning not less than $100 a month. Send all donations directly to Mr. Edward T. Duncan, 1227 South Sev- enteenth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Mr. Duncan is also lecturing on “Use What You Have.” Why not organizations in churches and other fraternal societies ar- range for his lecture and earn a scholar- ship in the school for one of their mem- bers. Let’s raise the $36,000 quota by September 15th—what say you? Mail your check or money order within the next 36 hours.—Phidippides to Sparta. See our other advertisement on page 320 of this magazine, also picture of buildings on page 271 of “The Crisis” for August. 321

Page 34

WHERE TO STOP THE CRISIS Directory of De- pendable and Clean Hetels. No hotel will be listed here which is mot recommended by our friends. If complaints are re- ceived, the hotel will be denied further advertising space. COLUMBUS, OHIO The Plaza Hotel Modern conveniences, superior service and reasonable rates. We cater te the traveling public. roams, Adams 9378 LONG STRE AT HAMILTON AVENUE YOUNG MEN! When in Chicago stay at the Y. M. C. A. Com- fortable rooms, cafeteria, gymnasium, natate- rium. Employment Bureau for members. Fer further information address Y. M. C. A. 3763 Wabash Avenue CHICAGO BOSTON, MASS. ANCRUM SCHOOL DORMITORIES 72-74 West Rutland Square Ideal accommodations for Travelers, Teachers, Students and Summer Vis- itors. Every convenience. Weekly rates reasonable —Transients $1.50 per day. CAFETERIA THE NEW COLORED HOTEL 23 NEATLY FURNISHED ROOMS Hotel Bledsoe HOT AND COLD WATER BATHS Service NicHt anp Day EVERYTHING SANITARY 1618 ANDREW ST. HOUSTON, TEXAS -PHONES- Haptey 5677-J Sam HenincTon, Mer. Pagston 9074 H. C. Sexxs, Paor. supported by a section of the white pupu- lation. But white South African opinion would appear to be moving in the direction of a policy of differential development with a system of parallel institutions, whereby the native may be assigned’a share in his own governmental schemes by means of Native Councils, and thus be assisted in the difficult transition from patriarchal rule to popular self-government by an evolutionary process and not by a revo- lutionary coup. This policy is expounded by Professor E. H. Brookes in the able and illuminating volume History of Na- tive Policy in South Africa. The small body of liberal opinion that favours equal suffrage rights for the black, white, and coloured is limited in size and is likely to remain so for some time to come. Postscript (Continued from page 312) KRIGW 4A, 1928 ise the last six numbers of THE Crisis, we have announced two sets of prizes for 1928. First the Ch2:les Waddell Chesnutt Honor- arium. ‘These are prizes of $25, $15, and $10 awarded each month for ar- ticles and drawings published in THE Crisis magazine. Prizes for April, May, June and July have been awarded. For the August number we are pleased to announce the following prizes: First Prize. Cover. An oil painting, by Hale Woodruff ..... $25.00 Second Prize. An article. “Our Negro ‘Intellectuals’”’, by Alli- Sit ERE A Se sds oi od $15.00 Third Prize. Group of Haitian Poems, by Clement Wood .$10.00 Second, Economic Prizes offered by 5 Negro banks and 7 Negro insurance societies as follows: One First Prize ....... $200. One Second Prize ..... 150. One Third Prize ...... 100. Two Fourth Prizes .... 50. each Eight Prizes for Honor- able Mention ....... 25. each Ta WOU EL. hain nd nace $750. Entries for these prizes close Decem- ber 31, 1928, and the awards will be announced in the early spring of 1929. We are laying down as few specific rules as possible for these entries. They may be stories, essays, sketches, ex- periences or even poems; but they must deal with the economic life and _his- tory of the Negro—his work, income, business, organization, etc. They must be clear, informing, and of reasonable length for publication in THe Crisis; they must indicate sound knowledge and careful work. Co Lorep Dott AND NOVELTIES Pretty Light-Brown Mulatto Dolls with Real Het man Hair Curls. They Sleep Walk, Talk and Cry, Sizes 14 to 30 inches. 15 different styles. 100 other novelties, Free Catalog. 19 imehes, $5.50 each, $42. doz, 23 imches, $7.50 each, $49, deg, 30 Inches, $11.98 each, $88. goz AGENTS WANTED BETHEL MFG. Co. Dept. C. 91 South St. JAMAICA, N. Y, It is the Duty of Human Beings to be attractive The EAST INDIA HAIR GROWER will help you by increas- ing the strength and natural health and beauty of your hair. MME. 5.0.LYORS [TF your Hair is Dry and Wiry or if you are bothered with Falling Hair, Dandruff, Itching Scalp or any Hair Trouble, we want you to try a jar of EAST INDIA HAIR GROWER. The remedy contains medical properties that go to the roots of the Hair, stimu- late the skin, helping nature do its work. Leaves the hair soft and silky. Per- fumed with a balm of a thousand flow- ers. The best known remedy for Heavy and Beautiful Black Eye-Brows. Also restores Gray Hair to its Natural Color. Can be used with Hot Iron. PRICE SENT BY MAIL, 5éc. 10c Extra for Postage 1 Hair Grower, 1 Temple Oil, 1 Sham- . 1 Pressing Ol, 1 Face Cream aad ion for Selling, $2.00. 25¢ Extra for Postage. Ss. D. LYONS 316 N. Central, Dept. B. OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA. [ AGENTS OUTFIT ‘Take advantage of our special offers on pages 292 and 319 THE CRISIS 69 Fifth Avenue New York City THe Crisis

Page 35

enn cre ee ecco eres a ‘Ola Time Bapitsu’ ae aN health BY REV. R. M MASSEY — The well-known Reverend Massey has put lots of i inspiration into this —— Paramount Record No. 12618, “Old Time Baptism,” parts 1 and 2. You will rejoice as you hear those who are being baptized profess their faith in the Lord, and you can’t help but feel uplifted and better for having this beautiful and inspiring record in your home. Ask your dealer for No. 12618, or send us the coupon. 12618—Old Time Baptism; Part 1, and Old Time Baptism, Part 2; Sermons by Rev. R. M. Massey. 1262i—I Hope I May Join That Band and Wade in the 12646—Christ Is Coming Again and The Horse Paweth in Water and Be Baptized. Lincoln Four Quartette; the Valley, Sermons by Moses Mason. Prof. C. H. Pace, Director. : 12630—His Eye Is on the Sparrow and I Wouldn’t Mind Dying If Dying Was All, Norfolk Jubilee Quartette. 12585—Where Shall I Be and He Arose from the Dead, Deacon L. J. Bates; Guitar Acc. eenaat eet His Own and Judgment Is Coming Afterwhile, Sermons by ev. M. L. Gipson. 12035—Father, Prepare Me and My Lord’s Gonna Move This Wicked Race, Norfolk Jubilee Quartette. 12217—Ezekiel Saw De Wheel and Crying Holy Unto the Lord, Norfolk Jubilee Quartette. 12234—Where Shall I Be and I’m Gonna Build Right on Dat Shore, Norfolk L Jubilee Quartette. 12652—Let God Fight Your Battles and His Wrath Will Surely Come, 4 Sermons by T N T Burton. 7 The New York SEND NO MONEY? i¢ your dealer is out of the records you P ¢ Recording want, send us the coupon below, Pay postman 75 ag for each 12 g anne nm record, plus small C O D. fee when he delivers records. We pay Port Washington, Wis. postage on shipments of two or more records. Send metho recorta checked (V) below 75 cents each, 18 ( ) 12630 ( ) 12217 21 ( ) 12585 ( ) 12234] REC.U.S. PAT. OFF OMNI mezTe) gel ! | | | | | } ! 46 ( ) 12638 a

Page 36

BEAUTY CULTURE, Larger Earnings—Better Security This chart was compiled from informa- tion furnished by U. S. Government Consider the figures given in the above chart and the Census reports of 1924. fact that many Mme. C. J. Walker Agents earn an aver- age of $50.00 weekly. For the time and money spent in preparation, positively, no profession brings better financial returns than Beauty Cul- ture. Only a few short weeks are necessary to obtain thorough instruction in all the arts of Beauty Culture and a Madam C. J. Walker Diploma. With it your earnings can be what you desire — ten or a hundred dollars weekly. Not only this, but Beauty Culture offers better security against financial reverses, be- cause of losing your job, failure, sickness or death of your provider. Once trained, you are thenceforth MME. C. J. WALKER SCHOOLS prepared for any such emergency. OF BEAUTY CULTURE With competent, patient, instruc- T H E tors; each modern, complete in every detail, approved by the state laws are located in the following cities for your convenience. Con- MME ( J W ALKER SYSTEM sult one of them or write to us e « ° , direct. Philadelphia, Pa. 1722 South St. St. Louis, Mo. For nearly twenty-five years our sole activity has ee sade ais. = ° ° cago. . been perfecting an already superior system of treat- cab tad te ing the scalp and skin, making and marketing pre- Kansas City, Mo. parations with which to do it and teaching this etch caedhes method to women seeking a chance to succeed in ee Se life. Thousands of women almost everywhere buy- Cleveland, O. ing homes, rearing families, educating children, 2268 E. 55th St. having money of their own, enjoying financial in- pe age. Sag A dependence, vouchsafe how much we’ve helped 2580 Seventh Ave. them. We can do as much or more for you. LIBERAL TERMS Write to-day for our literature, jschedule of tuition fees, etc.; arrange now to this summer profitable; enroll in one of our thoreugh, complete, approved schools. Beauty Culture is the trade of no regrets. THE MADAM C. J. WALKER MFG. CO. INC. WALKER BLDG. WANAROL. IND.

Page 37

ee ete 5h Rete aie: eo aR eee 2 eel