The Crisis 1927-03: Vol 34 Iss 1

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Fifteen cents a copy 7 H, 192 _ A Y) vi i O D ‘oe _ MARC

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Condensed Financial Report SOUTHERN AID SOCIETY OF VIRGINIA, INC. 0 EE Fe INCOME FOR 1926 Cash Bal. Brot. Fwd. Jan. 1, 1926 Premiums and Sundry Accounts Total Receipts DISBURSEMENTS FOR 1926 Claims paid Policyholders Investments and all other accts Total disbursements Home Office Cash Bal. D 6 525-27-29 N. Second St., as al. ec. 31, 192 Richmond, Va. Cash Balance .. $ 303,325.24 Petty Cash Fund .. 100.00 Bills Receivable 9,306.71 Stocks and Bonds 64,570.00 Real Estate Mortgages 99,507.11 ae Dale. 5. 6 hah ae YA LRN WER SSS 374,801.96 Accrued Interest and Rent TOTAL ASSETS Capital Stock .. $ 100,000.00 Deposits of Employees 28,267.71 Reserved for Unpaid Claims, Int. and Taxes 6,224.93 Policy Reserve 275,000.00 TS ee ee ee et Oe eres 20,116.00 Total Liabilities ... Surplus $ 289,424.81 914,868.26 $1,204,293.07 $ 380,453.39 430,514.44 $ 810,967.83 393,325-24 $1,204,293.07 $ 946,129.88 $ 429,608.64 516,521.24 $ 946,129.88 CAPITAL AND SURPLUS $ 616,521.24 CLAIMS PAID TO DEC, 31, 1926 4,396,108.79 fee SOUTHERN AID SOCIETY OF VIRGINIA, INC. Home Offices: 525-27-29 N. Second St., Richmond, Va. Insures against Sickness, Accident and Death Operating in State of Virginia and District of Columbia + he a WRITE FOR YOUR COPY OF THE REPORT

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ye TL iA | i — | nm 4 NW ¢ CRISIS A Record of the Darker Races W. E. Burcuarpt Dv Bors, Editor 69 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. a year. of each subscription is printed on the wrapper. subscription is due a blue renewal blank is enclosed. The address of a subscriber may be changed Volum 34,Ne.x Contents for COVER A Harlem Girl. FRONTISPIECE “Prejudice”. A Cartoon. THE WIDE WIDE WORLD YOUR CAB COMPANY. . Jones THE WHITE PRIMARY N. A. A. C. P. NOTES. “DRAMATIS PERSONAE”. Lou Walton UNFINISHED MASTERPIECES. man THE LITTLE PAGE. Illustrated. ALONG THE COLOR LINE. WHAT TO READ THE FAR HORIZON POSTSCRIPT. W. E. B. Du Bois D. Norman Tillman. Cornelius Johnson. Illustrated. Camille Cohen-Jones FOOTBALL IN NEGRO COLLEGES IN 1926. Illustrated. Paul W. Illustrated Illustrated. “In Abraham’s Bosom”, “The School for Scandal”. ............... POETRY AND PAINTING. Illustrated. Poems by Leslie Pinckney Hill, Arna Bontemps, Countée Cullen, Charles Farwell Edson, Eda Illustrated Avucusrus GRANVILLE Ditt, Business Manager UBLISHED monthly and copyrighted by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People at 15 cents a copy, $1.50 Foreign subscriptions $1.75. The date of expiration When the as often as desired, Whole No. 197 March, 1927 “Lady Windermere’s Fan”, A Prize Essay. Anita Scott Cole- Effie Lee Newsome HE German people are being pushed resolutely toward the Right, that is, toward Reaction and Monarchy. But Socialistic Labor is still strong and will not continue to yield. There is a clash due. French Liberalism and Radicalism are being held back by the technical question of the value of the franc. Behind the money of nations stands today organ- ized Credit and Banking power; and this can compel, under certain circum- stances, Reform and Uplift to vield to Interest and Profit. This in France today is called “pegging the franc”. Reactionary Fascism once started in Italy is reeling into desperate reaction in sheer self-defense. It promises wider imperialism abroad, but it seri- ously curtails liberty at home: no criticism ; restrictions on education; re- strictions on literature and art. Im- perial England, under the autocracy of the Great and Wealthy, surges con- tinually toward War. Only Force and Force to the uttermost can save the present conception of the British Em- pire. Liberal and Labor England fight desperately but futilely against the March, 1927 Pe o—___———_——_- The Wide Wide World Rule of Might because the democracy that they can wield is impotent before the autecracy that holds in its hand millions of voiceless darker people. China can only be explained in terms of the Chinese. Russia helps but Rus- sia does not explain China. China has awakened and is going to be free. England is going to fight for Shanghai and Hong-Kong and the immensely profitable foreign trade of China. Japan is not going to allow Western domination of the East, nor of China, when once she sees China on her own feet. America is on the fence between Anglo-Saxon Tradition and English Commercial Competition. It will be a long tale. The United States has three thousand million dollars invested in Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. To protect the high rate of profit which comes from this invest- ment in colored labor through our great banks and corporations, we are almost willing to indulge in wholesale Fis . — é 2 / y. 34 ry é Aaron Dovuctas, Art Critic but both the old and new address must be given and two weeks’ notice is necessary. Manuscripts and drawings relat- ing to colored people are desired. They must be accompanied by return postage and while’ THe Crisis uses every’ care it assumes no responsibility for their safety in transit. as second class matter November 2, 1910, at the post office at New York, N. Y., under the act of March 3, 1879. Entered _—_—__— The April Crists is East- er Number. We shall have an article on ‘“Re-visiting the South” by Mary White Ovington; a review of Roy Nash’s notable volume on Brazil; the story of the edu- cation of the Bond family; and something about Rose McClendon; poetry, com- ment and pictures. The May Crisis will have a re- port on the Negro Com- mon School in North Caro- lina. ——— murder and oppression in Mexico and Central America as we have already in Haiti. The forces of Liberalism are speaking out and our cautious President may heed. The central problem in Prohibition is a matter today curiously forgotten. Whether we have laws to stop the drinking of liquor or to regu- late it, individuals of character will be careful to curb in themselves the wide- spread and world old habit of Alcohol- ism. Regular heavy drinking of strong liquor is bad for the health. On this the world agrees. If you and I were agreed upon it and if we taught this to friends and children there would be little need for law. Away back in the tall timber, still dark and semi- secret, looms the greatest coming American problem: the problem of Super-Power; the question of the pri- vate monopoly of water power through the United States for the furnishing of electricity for factories and homes. Unless this becomes a matter of state ownership and state regulation Poverty and Wealth will gird them- selves for a new battle in this land dur- ing the 21st Century.

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Tue Crisis JOHNSON, CORNELIUS WA rer hay AY, FS5ifi| vs a; ¥ ca PREJUDICE N i rae th AN = AS

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Your Cab Company By CAMILLE COHEN-JONES UT in Oberlin, Ohio, in the QO seventies, Henry Lee, a colored man, owned and operated for thirty-five years a livery stable with seventy-five horses and two acres of stables. Also he and Martha Moals, whom he married, had thirteen chil- dren—six boys and seven girls. One of the boys, Walter, was born Janu- ary 25, 1871, at Oberlin. From the age ot seven years he assisted his father in his business, coming home from school and getting right into the heart of the business. At the age of sixteen, Walter left school and took full charge of his father’s business. Finally, when his father decided to sell out and give each child his share, Walter Howard refused to be given anything. There were too many brothers and sisters and Walter had plans of his own. He had deter- mined to conquer Chicago. First of all, at the age of twenty-five, Walter married Ella Nora Massey. Then he came to Chicago. After look- ing the field over he decided on the coal business. He opened up a whole- sale and retail coal business and began March, 1927 ¢—_—__-— = & How a Colored Man Organized a Cab Company in Chicago ——___________- to do well. But white men did not want this colored competitor and began making it hard for him to buy coal. He found he could no longer order the coal in the car loads as he needed it to meet competition. There was still some money to be made in coal and hundreds of colored men had followed him in Walter Howard Lee that business when he had paved the way for them. But Walter Howard Lee wanted to do bigger business and since the way to grow here was closed, he left the coal business and became the pioneer colored ice man. He opened a wholesale and retail ice busi- ness which he managed profitably for some time until again white competi- tors cut off his supply in the wholesale market. Here again he left behind him a trail of colored ice men who had followed in his footsteps and were do- ing small but successful business; but Walter Howard Lee wanted bigger business and left the ice business %o the men who were satisfied to carry on meagre profits. That brings us then to the year of 1921 when Frank Gillespie, the Founder-President of the Liberty Life Insurance Company, had his dream and vision. He had no more enthusiastic listener than Walter Howard Lee. When the foundation for the company was laid, Lee went out as an agent and sold $45,000 of the $100,000 stock necessary to begin operating. He worked up from-an agent to the position of treasurer, which he still holds in the Liberty Life Insurance Company. EE now began some hard thinking because he was not a mere business man: he was a Dreamer in Business, a Prophet of Profits. He wanted to find and open gates instead of sitting down before shut doors. Said Lee to himself: “Now, I have helped to form this big Insurance Company—but it takes employment to keep it up; in order for colored people to be in a posi- tion to pay their insurance premiums, 5

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Garage of Your Cab Company, East Pershing Road, Chicago. they must have work. I have bought stock in the Binga State and the Douglas National Banks but people can not save money unless they have some way of making it. It is up to me to find some more means for colored peo- ple in Chicago to earn money.” After thinking along these lines Walter Lee, as a liveryman’s son, thought he saw possibilities in the transportation prob- He lem of a large city like Chicago. watched the Yellow Cab and its prog- ress and he wondered why it was that he saw such a great number of Yellow Cabs with white drivers and white owners placed on the South Side where the colored people did the riding. Then too, the Yellow Cab Company served black Chicago when it got ready. It was often too busy. After much deliberation, Lee de- cided he would go to the Yellow Cab owners who had a monopoly of making cabs and have a talk with them about starting a colored cab company. He was discouraged from the beginning. They told him that the colored boys could not drive the cabs—unreliable, poor mechanics, etc. In every way they tried to discourage him. Finally, seeing that he still persisted in his plan, they decided to give him a chance. Consequently, he formed a stock com- pany with a few friends the latter part of July, 1923, and placed on the South Side ten maroon colored cabs labeled “Your Cab Company”; they were well equipped taxis, with colored chauf- feurs in uniform, who were courteous in every way. From that day to this the Your Cab Company and Walter Howard Lee have been the marvels of Chicago. When you say “Your Cab” you think of Walter Howard Lee; and 6 when you say Walter Lee you think of “Your Cab”. Mr. Lee went deeply into debt in order to prove that a colored cab com- pany could succeed. He did not make a stock campaign—those who believed in him came to him of their own ac- cord; but from the day he placed those ten cabs on the streets of the South Side of Chicago, the business began to pick up. First, the stock was sold for ten dollars a share, par value, paying a dividend of seven per cent on the preferred and paying that dividend right off the reel after operating the first year and every year since. FTER having kept his word as to dividends he started to pay off his indebtedness to the companies with which he dealt. This he did from the daily earnings of the cabs. When he placed the first ten cabs, he employed twenty-five persons and they were the real people behind the guns when the success of the Your Cab Company is mentioned. Salaries were paid prompt- ly, all claims paid promptly and all notes met promptly. It is only natural that a company with a man at the head of it with the bull-dog-tenacity-for-the-success-of-the- business should succeed. Today the Your Cab Company has a paid capital of $200,000; runs eighty cabs and em- ploys over 250 persons. It has recent- ly gone into its own new Garage and Office Building at 415-21 East Persh- ing Road and has a weekly pay roll of over $3,500. Walter Howard Lee still has a vision of more good things. He sees the opening of a Your Cab Cafeteria— so the employees will not have to go out to buy their lunches; they will buy right there in the building. A sales force is being organized to sell “Your Cab” stock. Another of his visions is the opening of a Your Cab Tailor Shop: he has to pay to have the uni- forms of the chauffeurs made and that could just as well be done about the place thus giving employment to per- haps fifty or one hundred more boys and girls; there is pressing and repair- ing to be considered and the chauf- feurs’ shoes to be looked after; why not right here, under one roof? Best of all, why not here under one roof and all by colored boys and girls, men and women? See the wonderful possibili- ties of the visions of Walter Howard Lee? Let us go further with him right now: he has visions of an automobile insurance company—it costs the Your Cab Company in the neighborhood of $20,000 per year to keep passengers safe. Why could it not have a com- pany of its own, the premiums going back to it, along with the other cars insured, thus giving employment to more? Then, last but not least, he has in mind, after having completed all other things, to form an investment company—a company owned and operated by the Your Cab Company for the purpose of helping the little fellows get into this business in other cities—the little fellows who have visions and no money. And when he has finally completed this and given employment and assistance to thousands in Chicago, then it is possible that the Chicago colored people will let him go and organize along the same lines for other cities; they do not mean to be selfish. Tue Crisis

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Foot Ball in Negro Colleges in 1926 By PAUL W. L. JONES Williams HE greatest year in the history of Negro college foot ball was 1926. Almost every Negro college was represented by a foot ball team. Every Saturday splendid crowds gathered to watch the gridiron battles. To the larger and more im- portant games fans flocked from every section of the country. Ten thousand saw the Tuskegee-Lincoln game at Philadelphia on October 30; about the same number witnessed the Howard- Lincoln Turkey Day batt!e; five thou- sand were present at the Wiley-Lang- ston tilt at Dallas, Texas; seven thou- sand saw the contest between Wilber- force and West Virginia at Columbus, Ohio, Thanksgiving Day; six thousand attended the Atlanta and Howard game at Atlanta; seven thousand saw Wiley down Bishop at Marshall, Texas, and eight thousand looked on when Tuskegee and Atlanta clashed at Atlanta, December 4. Everywhere foot ball became more popular. To Howard University goes the championship of Negro college foot ball in 1926. Howard’s victories, with two exceptions, were won by big mar- gins. Tuskegee looms up for claims to national championship, but How- ard’s victories were more impressive and give the easterners a clearer title to supremacy. Tuskegee beat Lincoln 20 to 16; Howard downed Lincoln 32 to 0. Tuskegee defeated Fisk 47 to 13; Howard smothered Fisk 56 to 0. Tuskegee won from Morehouse 28 to 6; Howard swamped Morehouse 52 to 0. Atlanta lost to Tuskegee 14 te 0 and to Howard 7 to 0. Atlanta was the only team that played both Howard and Tuskegee from which March, 1927 Ritchie Miller Redd Buchanan Coles Of the First All Negro American Team. Tuskegee won by a larger score than did Howard. Howard had great wealth of ma- terial. Linemen and backs were nu- merous and every man was a star. The Howard machine was well oiled with confidence and the fighting spirit and its players would not be denied victory in any contest. ‘The smashing drives of the team overcame the most formid- able opposition. The Howardites were adepts at all angles of the game and played brilliantly in every con- flict. 2, Soe. —__—___ —___--__ - —..._- — 0% All Negro American Teams Position First Team End Turner (West Virginia) Tackle Miller (North Carolina A. & T.) Guard Redd (weer), Center Buchanan (Wilberforce) Guard Jennings (Paul Quinn) Tackle Lamar (Atlanta) End Williams (Langstcn) Half Ritchie (Wilberforce) Half C. Smith (Howard) Full Stevenson (Tuskegee) Quarter Coles (Howard) Position Second Team End Archer (Morehouse) Tackle Grasty (Lincoln) Guard Slaughter (Atlanta) Center Martin (Howard) Guard Kitchen (Tuskegee) Tackle Kinmon (Wiley) End Simpson (Howard) Half Shields (Va. Union) Half Russ (Sam Huston) -Full Parker Canes? Quarter McPherson (Atlanta) Position Third Team End Wright (Atlanta) Tackle Lee (Hampton) Guard Cooke (Morehouse) Center Tadlock (Tuskegee) Guard Miller (Howard) Tackle V. Smith (Howard) | End Gaither (West Virginia) Half Branch (West Virginia) Half Williams (Hampton Full oyner (Tuskegee) Quarter pps (Virginia e—___-_—______. —— - — — ——_— ae Stevenson Smith Tuskegee defeated all opponents. In only three contests did Tuskegee have cause to worry. It beat Talladega by only one point, 28 to 27. Talladega played the greatest game of defensive foot ball that was seen anywhere dur- ing the season. Tuskegee met stiff op- position in Alabama State, but was able to win 14 to 7. In the Lincoln game with the score 16 to 11, Steven- son, Tuskegee’s great full back, on the third down, raced 80 yards for a touchdown and a few minutes later made a placement kick, making the score 20 to 16. Tuskegee taught the East a lesson. Eastern fans made the discovery that southern teams played foot ball and that foot ball bore the same trademark in all parts of the country. Let us hope that Tuskegee places on its 1927 schedule both east- ern and middle west teams. In Stevenson, Joyner, Bailey, Woo- ten and P. Smith, Tuskegee had five backs that were brainy, flashy and hard to stop. Tuskegee won the South- eastern Conference crown and has a clear title to the southern champion- ship. Wilberforce had the best team in the middle west. It lost two games, one of which it should have won easily. The Wilberforce backfield was one of the strongest of the year and its line had a hitting power that swept down opposition on almost every charge. INCOLN had the poorest team in its history. It lost to Wilber- force 7-0 and to Tuskegee and was crushed by Howard. West Virginia should have beaten the Lincolnites. Lincoln was on the defensive most of 7

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the game and was outplayed in every period. An error of judgment on the part of Turner, West Virginia’s quar- ter back, in bucking the line on four downs with the ball on Lincoln’s one yard mark, saved the day for Lincoln and made the game a 7-7 tie. Had Turner attempted a short forward pass, an end run, or a run off tackle, Lincoln would have been caught off guard and would have gone down to defeat. West Virginia did not play as bril- liantly as in 1925. Its team was light in weight and it did not possess as full measure of the West Virginia fight and determination as the team of last year. Samuel Huston carried off honors in the southwest, winning from all opponents. Langston did not lose a game. Atlanta had a fighting team which would have played better foot ball had the players been thoroughly acquainted with each other and had the new men on the team been able to imbibe more fully the Atlanta spirit and to learn with greater rapidity the Atlanta system of play. It took Wiley a long time to.reach the apex of form. When the Wiley men did get down to real’ work, they made a wonderful showing, finishing third in the South- western Conference. Prairie View, with a splendid team, finished just ahead of Wiley, winning three, losing one and tying one. Hampton won the Colored Inter- collegiate Athletic Association cham- pionship. It won seven games and tied Virginia Seminary and College by the field goal route 3-3. Virginia Union won six games and lost one, Hampton winning from it 12 to 0. North Carolina A. & T. lost two games, losing to Hampton 14-6 and Virginia Union 7-6. St. Paul won three, lost five and tied one. Blue- field won three and lost two. Claflin won five, lost three and tied one. Clark won four, lost three and tied one. Knoxville won five and lost three. Morris Brown won three, tied one and lost two. Alabama State won six and lost three. Lincoln (Mo.) won four and lost one. Livingstone won two and lost five. Kentucky won three and lost three. The year saw upset upon upset. Every team had off days during the season. Wilberforce defeated West Virginia 3 to 2. Friends of both in- stitutions predicted a tie game. The game was a hard fought battle, with Wilberforce outplaying the West Vir- ginians in every quarter but one. Ritchie’s toe was on edge Thanksgiving Day, his first attempt at a field goal scoring the winning points and his sec- ond attempt failing to score by about two inches. Wilberforce was off in its game with Lincoln (Mo.). Un- 8 derestimating the strength of Lincoln, Wilberforce was beaten 8 to 0 in its first game. The Missourians had looked forward to the Wilberforce game with doubts and fears, but they were determined to give good account of themselves and from the start of the game played winning foot ball, fighting desperately to hold any advantage which they chanced to gain and fight- ing brought them victory. ANGSTON gave Lincoln ( Mo.) a sound beating. © Lincoln’s vic- tory over Wilberforce caused it to be picked to win, but Langston won eas- ily, outplaying Lincoln in every quar- ter, the final score being 43 to 0. Atlanta beat Morehouse 32 to 0 and Wiley downed Paul Quinn 30 to 0. Kentucky, after beating Simmons 13 to 12, was badly licked by Knoxville 33 to 0. Fans predicted a Knoxville win, but thought Kentucky would make a better showing, having touch- downed on both West Virginia and Wilberforce. Virginia Union defeated North Carolina A. & T. and Talla- dega beat Atlanta 19 to 0. Knoxville beat Talladega 21 to 6 and Atlanta trounced Knoxville 6 to 0. Clark was defeated by Morris Brown 6-3 and Claflin beat Morris Brown 12 to 3. Florida conquered Morris Brown 12 to 3, only to lose later to Clark 13 to 3. West Virginia was off form when Lincoln was played. Atlanta lost to Alabama State because the Atlantans did not regard Alabama a formidable foe. North Carolina State did not play its best in several engagements. Straight lost to New Orleans 12 to 9 because Straight players were not in that frame of mind which brings men to fight their hardest. Howard’s war- riors did not play the brand of foot ball that conquers against Atlanta. True Atlanta fought and fought stub- bornly, but had Howard played more watchfully and with less confidence, its victory might have been won by a bigger score. Atlanta outfought and outplayed Howard at the start of the game. The “breaks” favored How- ard. Hampton defeated Virginia Union when everybody expected a tie or a Union victory. Clark defeated More- house 7 to 6 and Morehouse downed Fisk by the same score. Fisk was looked upon to win, and fans were surprised when Morehouse emerged triumphant from the conflict. Mor- ris Brown tied Atlanta, 0-0, and Southern tied Straight, 0-0. “Jap” Turner’s toe gave Prairie View vic- tory over Wiley, 3-0, and Clark beat Atlanta, the score being 9 to 0. Field goals decided several contests and the forward pass was a factor in many victories. Bluefield passed its way to a 35 to 12 victory over Vir- ginia Seminary and College; Paul Quinn tied Prairie View with the passing game; Talladega developed a passing system which was difficult to solve; Morehouse’s victory over Fisk was bought with a pass of 63 yards; Atlanta beat Fisk by forward passing when gains were needed and Howard’s combination of Smith to Coles was a passing signal that proved a pricking thorn to many teams, piercing the stiffest defense. 1926 brought to light more star players than ever before loomed up in Negro college foot ball and it is no easy task to select eleven men who could be called the strongest team in the country. The number of out- (Turn to page 23) Leading Players, Washington High School, Norfolk, Va., Interstate High School Champions Tue Crisis

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= = a OO FD wee Oe lw ( wa =| = 7 ne we OO 1 Oe oo WN ww UM we r 1 0 0 1 Southern States was brought to .a sharp focus befere public opinion in the so-called Texas “White Primary” case argued before the United States Supreme Court early in January by attorneys for the N.A.A.C.P. For the Texas law, thus challenged befcre the highest tribunal in the land, con- stitutes one of the most flagrant at- tempts to deprive the Negro of his vote ever known in the United States. It is of course only part of the sys- tem in force throughout the South, in- stituted during Reconstruction and, in fact, is a hold-over of the slavery re- gime. Even the construction by the Supreme Court at various times of the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution has contributed to the dis- franchisement of colored voters. For, by the Supreme Court’s interpretation, a Negro might be beaten, intimidated, obstructed by violence in the attempt to vote. Yet, unless he could prove that the violence was practised on ac- count of race or color, the Negro had no redress. ‘To quote from Dr. Kirk H. Porter’s “Suffrage in the United States”: “In a word, the courts asked the Negro to prove what everybody knew to be a fact—that he was being kept from the polls on account of his race and color. And the unfortunate black found it quite impossible to prove that white ruffians waylaid and beat him because he was a Negro and intended to vote. It is hard to get away from the fact that the court decisions vio- late the spirit of the war amendments.” The disfranchisement practised un- der cover and color of legality elsewhere in the South was made a matter of open enactment on the books of law in the case of Texas. The legislature of this state in 1923 passed an act ex- plicitly barring all persons of color from voting in the primaries of the Demo- cratic party. The act reads as fol- lows: “All qualified voters under the laws and constitution of the State of Texas, who (sic) is a bona fide member of the Democratic Party, shall be eligible to participate in any Democratic primary election, provided such voter complies w'th all laws and rules governing party primary elections; however in no event shall a Negro be eligible to participate in a Democratic party primary election held in the State of Texas and should a Negro vote in a Democratic primary election, such ballot shall be void and election officials are herein directed to throw out such ballot and not count the same.” Such a law in a northern or western state, where parties are more or less [_) Souter Sates was bro in the March, 1927 The White Primary o— —__________ —____+ The N.A.A.C.P. Attack on Disfranchisement a ie tite evenly divided, would operate only to the disadvantage of the party in whose behalf such a law was passed. But in the South, particularly in Texas, where the Republican party possesses virtually no numerical strength whatever and where the candidates designated in the Democratic primaries are by that fact virtually elected to office, such a law as effectively deprives the Negro of a voice in elections as if he had been forbidden to vote altogether. HE case testing and challenging this law originated in El Paso. In that city Dr. L. A. Nixon, colored doc- tor of repute and good standing as a cit- izen, was a regularly enrolled member of the Democratic party and had paid his poll tax. He attempted on July*26, 1924, to vote at 4 general primary elec- tion at which there were to be selected candidates for precinct, county, district and state offices and also for representa- tive in Congress and the United States Senate on the Democratic ticket. When Dr. Dixon applied at Precinct Number Nine in El] Paso, the judge and asso- ciate judge of elections there declined to permit him to cast a ballot, on the ground of the Texas law mentioned above. In order to enable a test case of the law to be made, the election offi- cials furnished Dr. Nixon with the fol- lowing certificate: “This is to certify that we, C. C. Herndon and Chas. Porras, Presiding and Associate Judges, respectively, have not permitted L. A. Nixon to vote, as per Instruction 26 given in ballot boxes to election holders.” C. C. HERNDON Cuas. Porras Julv 26, 1924. This case was carried through the United States District Court for the western district of Texas, which up- held the election judges in their refusal to allow Dr. Nixon to vote. From this decision appeal was taken to the United States Supreme Court which heard argument on January 5, 1927. The National Office of the N.A.A.C.P. em- ployed as counsel in this case Fred C. Knollenberg of El Paso, a white attor- ney who had been retained by Dr. Nixon and the El Paso Branch of the N.A.A.C.P. and associated with Mr. Knoilenberg in the preparation of the brief were Moorfield Storey, Presiden: of the N.A.A.C.P., James A. Cobb of Washington and Robert J. Channell of El Paso. At the hearing of the case before the Supreme Court in Washington Mr. Knollenberg was accompanied by Ar- thur B. Spingarn, vice-president of the N.A.A.C.P. and Chairman of its Na- tional Legal Committee. Mr. Knol- lenberg presented statistics showing that the vote of the Republican Party in Texas in the last election had been negligible; and that therefore the Democratic Party primaries in fact constituted the only opportunity for citizens to express themselves in the tlection of state and national officers. URING the course of the. argu- ment, the grave and solemn mem- bers of the Supreme Court manifested unusual interest. They asked frequent questions and the nature of the ques- tions indicated a difference in opinion among the judges, as to the merits of the case. Justice Pierce Butler, for ex- ample, asked questions indicating a be- lief that primary elections did not con- stitute elections under the law and that exclusion from party primaries did not therefore constitute disfranchisement. Chief Justice William Howard Taft, however, and Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes seemed to attach more import- ance to the case, as did Justice Suther- land and questions of Chief Justice Taft indicating that if it were possible to exclude Negroes from Democratic party primaries, there was no reason why they could not be excluded from Repub- lican primaries elsewhere. Mr. Knol- lenberg pointed out to the Supreme Court that the question at issue was the right to vote as guaranteed in the Fifteenth Amendment and the amend- ment did not specify whether the voting was to be in general elections or for candidates for office. The right con- ferred, Mr. Knollenberg contended, in- cluded the right to vote in primaries, in the issue of bonds and in all matters upon which the views of the electorate are to be obtained. HE State of Texas was not offi- cially represented before the Su- preme Court. It was noticed, however, that a red-haired young man was sitting in the Court listening intently to the argument and the questions of the Jus- tices. Mr. Spingarn followed Mr. Knollenberg and concluded the argu- ment in behalf of Dr. Nixon and the N.A.A.C.P. When he had finished, the red-haired young man jumped up and asked permission to file a reply 9

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brief for the State of Texas. The young man was identified as Dan Moody, Attorney General of Texas and newly elected Governor of the State. The Supreme Court gave him 30 days in which to file such a brief and the N.A.A.C.P. then applied for time in which to file a brief replying to Texas. This was granted to Mr. Spingarn in behalf of the N.A.A.C.P. In connection with this case, it should be borne in mind that what is involved is not the right to vote or to join the Democratic party. The case arose sole- ly and simply because a colored voter, clearly entitled to vote as a member of that party, was denied the right to participate in its primary elections be- cause of his color. The precedent so established, if allowed to go unchal- lenged, would be a highly dangerous one for the Negro as well as for all minority groups in the United States. The case raises also the vital ques- tion of the control by Congress over party primaries. It shows the incon- sistent position adopted by a number of southern Democrats in Congress, who contended that Congress had the right to regulate the expenditures of candidates to office in primary elections held in northern states but that the Fed- eral government was powerless to pre- vent barring * colored voters in the South. This irconsistency was clear- ly pointed ous by a white Southern daily, the Macon, Georgia, Tele- graph, which in an editorial of Janu- ary 6 stated: “Tt is e pected that the decision of the court in the Nixon-Herndon Case may have some bearing also on the question of what extent of Federal control may be exercised over expenditures of money in party primaries. The ruling may ail in the solution of some of the problems which are expected to arise in consider- ing the credentials of Senator Vare of Pennsylvania, and Senator Smith of IIli- nois. The Democrats who are most vociferous in clamoring for the exclusion of the two Senators because of excessive spending in the party races may thus be placed in a dilemma by insisting on Fed- eral jurisdiction over Republican pri- maries in Pennsylvania and Illinois while demanding that the United States Gov- ernment keep its hands off the Texas Democratic Primaries.” The case aroused an enormous amount of interest throughout the South for once again it manifested to the dominant white public opinion that the colored people even of Texas were not willing to sit quietly by while their constitutional rights were either whit- tled away or, as in the case of Dr. Nixon, boldly and flagrantly denied. The N.A.A.C.P. believes this case is one of the important milestones in the combat for the Negro’s franchise and citizenship rights. In the reply brief, 10 Miss Simmie Johnson besides the formidable array of counsel already named, Mr. Louis Marshall, member of the Board of Directors of the N.A.A.C.P. and one of the fore- most constitutional lawyers in the United States, is co-operating. N. A. A. C. P. Notes Simmie Etta Johnson, age 13, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Sim John- son, Los Angeles, California, sacrificed her lunch at school for five days to be able to put one-dollar ($1.00) of her own money into the Baby Contest there. The Los Angeles Baby Contest raised $4,050.55, the largest amount ever raised by a single effort for the N. A. A.C. P. Mrs. J. M. Scott acted as chairman, Dr. Vada J. Somerville, Secretary, Mrs. Simuil Johnson, As- sistant Secretary, Mrs. T. A. Cole, Treasurer, Mrs. Ruth Fowler, Pro- gram Committee, and Mrs. Mamie V. White, Publicity Committee. Clarence Darrow’s Argument in Sweet Case in Pamphlet Form ECAUSE of its great historical, legal and humanitarian value, the full argument of Mr. Clarence Dar- row to the jury in the trial of Henry Sweet has been reprinted in full by the N.A.A.C.P. and is now available for circulation. As is well known, this trial resulted in the jury acquittal of Henry Sweet, chosen by the State for separate trial because the State felt it had strongest evidence against him. It will also be remembered that the first trial in October and November, 1925, when all eleven defendants were tried jointly, resulted in a hung jury. In addition to the full stenographic report of Mr. Darrow’s speech, there is a statement of the case also written by Mr. Darrow and a brief foreword. The N.A.A.C.P. feels that this pamph- let is one of the most important docu- ments it has ever printed. No man, however prejudiced, can read Mr. Darrow’s plea for tolerance and the abolition of race prejudice without profit. This publication should be in the hands of every person who followed this great trial which reaffirmed and preserved the right of self-defense to a Negro who had defended his family and home against the wanton assault of a mob. It should also be placed in the hands of mayors, chiefs-of-police and other officials of cities wherever there is any appreciable Negro popula- tion; in the hands of sheriffs of coun- ties and governors of states, secretaries of organizations like chambers of com- merce, Rotary clubs, women’s clubs— in brief, wherever there are persons in authority who need to know what lay back of the attack upon the home of the Sweets in Detroit. To gain as wide circulation as pos- sible, the Association is distributing this pamphlet at the cost of printing and mailing. Single copies can be secured from the National Office, 69 Fifth Avenue, New York, at 15 cents per copy; in lots of 100, it can be secured for $10 per hundred. Branches of the N.A.A.C.P., churches, clubs and other interested organizations are urged to aid in the widest possible distribution of this most important document. (Turn to page 24) THE Crisis

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Lady Windermere’s Fan ESTER TRAVERS SMITH reports some strange sayings, or perhaps more accurately strange writ- ings in her “Oscar Wilde from Purga- tory”, recently published by Holt. If a companion volume might be launched entitled ““To Oscar Wilde in Purga- tory”, narrating doings and changes of our terra firma, I doubt if any one thing would bring more astonishment to the exotic author of that delightful drawing-room melodrama, “Lady Win- dermere’s Fan’, than the plain fact that a Negro College Alumnae Club successfully presented the play before an appreciative Negro audience. On the evening of December the third an interesting cast presented this English comedy of manners in Charles- ton, West Virginia, under the direc- tion of Mrs. T. G. Nutter. The stage of the Garnett High School was entire- ly inadequate to give proper setting. Yet this handicap was skillfully over- come by scenic effects, utilizing the meager space by deft illusion of light- ing and of color. Incidental music was Vera Powell as Mrs. Erlynne Julius Bledsoe in Abraham’s Bosom. March, 1927 ae “DRAMATIS PERSONAE” | De Clara Savoy as Lady Windermere furnished by Miss Maude J. Wanzer at the piario, and “between-act”’ selec- tions by the West Virginia Collegiate Institute Orchestra led by Clarence Cameron White,—a comprehension for what the stage lacked in giving tone and background to the performance. The costumes were perfect, “a la mode’? however, and not of the eigh- teen nineties. The acting was not of professional calibre of course, but showed those la- tent possibilities of the amateur which training and experience often raise to the professional class. Particularly noteworthy were the fine interpretation of Theodore Nash in the role of Lord Windermere, the poise of Clara Savoy as Lady Winder- mere and the sophisticated impersona- tion by Vera Powell of the clever, the daring Mrs. Erlynne. The remainder of the players gave intelligent render- ing of their parts. It was at the beginning of Thomas Beer’s “The Mauve Decade’, when Wilde first produced his witty tour de force. Then the Negro was the jester of the American stage, the buffoon of the gallery gods, the slap-stick clown of audiences that reveled in his special fitness to play the fool. Now Gilpin 11

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and Paul Robeson have carried on the forgotten conquests of Ira Aldridge; Montgomery Gregory and the Howard Players have pioneered, Ridgely Tor- rence has written, the Little Theater for Negroes is growing in the metropo- lis. That the ancient art of acting should be courted province is a step in the evolution of’ more congruous plays of Negro characters for Negro actors, after the manner of Yiddish characters for the Yiddish theater. Joun F. MATHEUSs. In Abraham’s Bosom ‘«¢<— N ABRAHAM’S BOSOM” is a play written by a young southern white man, Paul Green, and produced at the Provincetown Theatre, New York, with all colored actors, save two. The acting is excellent. The work of Julius Bledsoe, Abbie Mitchell, and Rose McClendon is particularly good: the other actors sustain well difficult parts. But the play itself, or rather, as we understand it, the combination of sev- eral plays into this one is not good. It is ill-+alanced. The strain upon the audience which comes from listening to a long play in seven scenes which be- gins with the whipping of a human be- ing and culminates in a lynching, with few spots of light and none of hope, is too terrible. The climax of horror, murder and disappointment in the sixth scene goes right on to a further climax in the seventh. It is not a question of truth; such things have happened in the South and are happening, but it is a question of art and balance, of getting the story over. Paul Green is a sympathetic author. He feels with his black folk. But he and his producers between them have 12 “The School For Scandal” as given at Rust College, Mississippi

Julius Bledsoe, who takes the title réle in the play, “In Abraham's Bosom”. Abbie Mitchell, who plays “Muh Mack” in the play, “In Abraham’s Bosom”.

presented the same defeatist genre of Negro art which is so common and at the present apparently inescapable. It arises from the fact that the more honestly and sincerely a white artist looks at the situation of the Negro ir America the less is he able to consider it in any way bearable and therefore his stories and plays must end in lynch- ing, suicide or degeneracy. If after looking further and seeing the Negro group, noting its bounding energy and sturdy refusal to take de- feat, the artist tries to give his black hero a degree of triumph, spiritual or physical, he meets, usually, the absolute refusal of the producer: “It can’t be done”; “the audience won’t stand it”; ncthing but disaster must follow self- assertion and success among black folk on the American stage. I can but think that this is but pure assumption and that the time has come for the Negro to be treated humanly on the stage, not only as to his suffering, but as to his plain and unquestionable triumphs. W. E. B. D. @ The Krigwa Players’ Little Negro Theatre of New York City presented the first program of their second annual season January 17, 19 and 24. Three one act plays, “Mandy” by W. J. Jef- ferson, “Foreign Mail” and “Her” by Eulalie Spence and “Pandora's Box’, an interpretive dance and dialogue by J. Gordon Amend, were included on the program. Charles Burroughs is direc- tor. The Washington, D. C., Krigwa Players gave three one act plays by Willis Richardson and Oliphant Down in February. @ The Faculty of Rust College, Holly Springs, Mississippi, showed great tal- ent in their presentation of Sheridans’ old English comedy, “The School for Scandal”, which was given recently in the Rust Col! = Auditorium. THE Crisis

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a oS . a ~ (i Pa POETRY AND PAINTING | Se God’s Garden By LESLIE PINCKNEY HILL GCP nurturrs in his garden many fruits. Some, very slow of growth, become at last Sweet and enduring. Some put forth their shoots With hasty promise, bloom and soon are past. Each has its season and the husbandman Waits patiently, remembering that each Must strive within its nature as it can Its own appointed destiny to reach. So patiently the eye of faith can see The nettle-blooms of war and hate in- crease, While slowly through the ages grows that tree Whose leaves ‘are healing and whose fruit is peace. Near the Cedar Tree By ARNA BONTEMPS OU’LL wait no more at the cedar tree alone, And at the quiet water’s edge : The wind passed over you and you wes¢ gone, So are the woods mure lonely than be- fore. But if you flower again thus happily After all of death is past, Wait for me beside the slender tree And I will see you there and come at last. : Sonnet to Her By COUNTEE CULLEN OW have I found this favor in her sight, And will the flame burn steady to the end, Until we round that dark and dangerous bend Where.there is such a crying need for light; Or will it flare up now so clear and bright, Sunlike its wealth so far and wide dis- tend That nothing will remain for us to spend When toll is taken by the dismal night? Why shculd I harrow up my mind like this, ; To tarnish with a doubt each golden kiss? This is the Day most certainly! This bars s Us now from any hidden darkness spun; Sufficient to the day let be the sun, And to the night the spear-points of the stars. March, 1027 Aaron Douglas ARON DOUGLAS of New York City received first prize for his drawing, ““The African Chief- tain”, in THe Crisis Contest for 1926. Mr. Douglas who attended the public schools in Topeka, Kansas, was graduated from the University of Nebraska, class of 1922, with the A. B. degree. He was teacher of drawing in Lincoln High School, Kan- sas City, Missouri, from 1923 until 1925, when he came to New York City to study under Winold Reiss. His drawings have been reproduced in the Theatre Arts, The New Negro, the Boston Transcript, the New York Sun, the New York Herald and The Crisis. Mr. Douglas joins the staff of THe Crisis with this number. o —% Tragedy By EDA LOU WALTON I KNOW of but one tragedy Beside which Death is good: Hands that are carved of ivory Grow stained as cinnamon wood. ' The Wasters By CHARLES FARWELL EDSON WE flung our land away like drunken bums; Used up our forests with a blithe dis- dain; Gave out the People’s heritage to those Who robbed and re-robbed in the name of Law. We worked men too long hours, too late in life; Began with children too young to demur; Harassed poor women wrecked by waves of chance Until they knuckled down to those who bought. Our States in rare magnificence of graft on gold like swill to bosses’ favored ew; Our Congress squandered millions year by year With Business Inefficiency its God. Too proud to learn from older lands than ours, Too childish to admit our weaknesses We flung our bodies, minds and souls away— Boastful, weak, arrogant, poor, selfish fools. At Dawn By EDA LOU WALTON ONLY this perfect night is ours, Only its beauty we possess, Now stillness creeps across the stars And into your kiss my loneliness. To John Haynes Holmes (Read at the Testimonial Dinner to John Haynes Holmes in recognition of his twenty years as Minister of the Com- munity Church of New York City.) By COUNTEE CULLEN Cs in a thousand years a call may ring Divested so of every cumbering lie A man espousing it may fight and sing, And count it but a little thing to die; Once in a thousand years a star may come Six-pointed, tipped with such an astral flow It’s singing sisters must bow hushed, dumb, Half-mutinous, yet half-adoring show; Once in as many years a man may rise So cosmopolitan of thought and speech, Humanity reflected in his eyes, His heart a haven every race may reach, That doubters shall receive a mortal thrust, And own “This man proves flesh exalts its dust”. 13

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clearly like limpid pools beside the dusty road; when your thoughts, crystal clear as water, are pinioned in loveliness like star-points. Solitary days, which come often, if you are given to browsing in fields of past adventure; or rarely, if you are seldom retrospective; and not at all, if you are too greatly concerned with rushing on- ward to a nebulous future. Days where- upon your experiences glimmer before you waveringly like motion-pictures and the people you have known stroll through the lanes of memory, arrayed in vari-colored splendour or in amusing disarray. Days like these are to be revered, for they have their humors and their whimsicalities. Hurry your thoughts and the gathering imageries take flight. Perplexity but makes the lens of introspection blur. And of an- noyance beware, for it is an evil vapour that disseminates and drowns the visions in the sea of grim realities. Such days must be cultivated. Scenes for their reception must be set. Cushions perhaps, and warmth of fire. Above all, the warmth of sweet co:- tent. Ease and comfort, comfort and ease and moods of receptivity. Then hither, come hither the places and the people we have known, the associa- tions that withstand time’s effacements. Backward ho, through the mazes of the past. ir HERE are days which stand out 2 pot “Why howdy, Dora Johns.” Darling playmate of my child- years. With wooly hair a length too short for even pigtails. Mud-spatters upon your funny black face. Mud- spatters all over your dress and your little black hands mud-spattered too. Why? What? Come on and see. And lo! I am a child again. Hand in hand, unmindful of her muddy ones, we skip around the old ramshackle house, back to the furthest corner of an unkempt yard, impervious to the tin cans, the ash-heap, the litter, the clutter that impedes our way, our eves upon, our thoughts bent upon one small clean-swept corner, where there is mud. More mud and water in a battered tin can. And row after row of mud. No, not mud—not merely mud, but things made out of mud. Row on row, drying in the sun. Carefully, I sit down, doubling up, to be as small as possible, for only this corner where mud things are drying is clean and corners are seldom, if ever, quite large enough. Besides, I must 14 Unfinished Masterpieces By ANITA SCOTT COLEMAN 2, A. “ og This essay won the second prize of $25 in THE CRISIS contest of 1926. - &, ~ not touch the things made out of mud. If the dried ones fall, they break. If the moist ones are molested, be it with ever so gentle a finger, they lose their shape. Moreover, I must not disturb Dora. Her little hands are busied with the mud. Little moulder’s fingers are deftly plying their skill. Her child’s face is alight. What has splashed her grave child’s face with such a light? I wondered. I wonder now. The glitter of brittle talent, a gleam of sterling genius or the glow from artistic fires burning within the soul of a little black child? ITTLE DORA shaping figures out of mud. Vases and urns, dolls and toys, flying birds and trotting horses, frisking dogs and playing kittens, mar- velous things out of mud. Crying aloud as though dealt a blow if one of the dried mud-figures is broken. Working in mud for endless hours, while the neighbor children play. Their hilari- ous merriment dropping like bombs in- to the quiet of our clean-swept corner. Deadly missiles seeking to find a mark. The insistent halloes of futile mirth forever bubbling on the other side of a high-board fence. The dividing fence and upon one side the clean-swept cor- ner and the row on row of mud things drying in the sun. And Dora seem- ing not to heed the seething bubbles upon the other side, shaping, shaping marvelous things out of mud. Yet, Oh Dora, now that the day is ours, will you not say, “When did the bombs of futile mirth strike their tar- get? When did the tin-cans and the rags and the old ash-heap crowd you out from your clean-swept corner? What rude hand caused the dried mud shapes to fall and break? Who set a ruthless foot in the midst of your damp mud things?” Or were you too plastic, as plastic as your mud? You dare not tell. Only this you can whisper into the mists of our today. You are one of the Master’s unfinished shapes which He will some day gather to mould anew into the finished masterpiece. LUMP of mud. Now, there is a sobriquet for you—you funny, funny man. Mr. William Williams. I saw you but once. We chanced to meet in the home of a mutual friend. I thought you so very funny then. Un- couth and very boorish, but ever, when these pageants of the past, these dumb shows of inarticulate folks arise before me upon retrospective days, you appear garbed in the tatters of pathos. “T am fifty-one years old,” you kept repeating. How pitiful those fifty-one years are. You wear a child’s simplic- ity, the sort that is so sad to see upon a man. Fifty-one and penniless. Fifty- one and possessed of naught else but the clothing you wore. Fifty-one and no place on earth you might call home. You confessed to being a vagabond though “bum” was the term you used and you were very proud of your one accomplishment, an ability to avoid all labour. “T’ve given no man a full day’s honest work in all my fifty-one years,” you boasted. “lI gambles. I ain’t no cotton-pickin’ nigger.” Your one and only boast after holding life, the fathomless fountain of eternal possibili- ties, in your possession for fifty-one priceless years. Nevertheless you have lived and so intensely. You held us against our will. Clustered around you, listening to you talk. Relating clippings as it were from the scrap-book of your life. Tales of the road, of the only places you knew. Roads leading away from plantations where the cotton waited to be picked by numberless “cotton-pickin’ niggers”. Roads leading to pool halls and gambling dens. Roads beginning and roads ending in “riding the roads”, carrying backward and forward, here and yon through the weird goblin land of the South’s black belt. With a hardened casualness you told stories that revolted and at the same time cheered us with an all sufficing glow of thankfulness that life had spared us the sordidness of yours. Offhandily, you gave us humourous skits that tempered our laughter with wishes that we might know at least a bit of such a droll existence as had been yours. With magical words you painted pictures so sharply they cut scars upon our hearts. You drew others so filled with rollicking delight their gladsome- ness was contagious. With the non- chalance of a player shuffling cards you flipped your characters before us, drawn directly from the cesspool of your con- tacts and spellbound we listened. Someone remarked how wonderful (Turn to page 24) THE Crisis

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Calendar Chat HAT takes place in March? Winds blow! How quickly we would think of this. But there is much to tell of plants and birds busied with March’s program, for this is a month of purpose. Here are March notes from two diaries, one of nine- teen hundred and twelve, the other o1 many years later. March 21, 1912. You should see the great round red buds on the maple trees! The pointed russet buds on our pop- lar tree are an inch and a half long. Branches on the briar rose bush are moss green. Many years later. March 21. Car- dinal’s bold whistle, Bluebird’s gentle murmur, Mourning Dove’s sad alto, Song Sparrow’s sharp piping have been preparing my ears for this—Robin’s sturdy song. Business has begun. The Robins have arrived. Now for nest building with true masonry. Yet all winter I had believed it was the Bluebirds | was most anxious to see. I have been watching the little bird house on a pole in the side yard and longing for the coming of the Wrens and Bluebirds. While scatter- ing crumbs along the walk or placing cracked nuts on the windowsills for the Jays and Titmice and Chickadees I have continued to look longingly to- ward the empty bird house with snow on its little roof and doorsills and in gazing at the black spots that were all the entrances showed of a barren in- side I have thought, “Never mind. Bluebirds are coming”’. But when they get here they never do anything great like Robin. Fancy their being content to start house- keeping quietly in some old Wood- pecker hollow or a home placed for them on a pole. Can you imagine Robin or Oriole starting the season in this fe-hion? And yet what lovable neighbors are Bluebird and Wren! That reminds me. I know a lady who lives on a river bank. There are water willows in her back yard and a few days ago I was looking toward these for a glimpse of the frozen river beyond. I cannot tell you of the strange beauty of this water in the winter. I am sure some Japanese painter would love to make a dainty drawing of it, with the somber willows walling its grayish white and frosted green. In searching through the willows for the river I discovered two swing- March, 1927 The Little Page EFFIE LEE NEWSOME LZ a A b nai : ae NS A\ ing bird houses that were the color of the trees. I forgot all about the river and began to ask questions concerning the little boxes. Wrens often built there, I was told. It must make things lively for the gray old willows to have such cheery creatures summer- ing there. Indeed I know the willow boughs are shaking now with pleasure. For Wren time is nearly here! Time for Kites! 66 IME for kites, heigho!’’, cried March Wind as he sped over sea and land. “Aye, aye, sir’, promptly answered a red-faced seaman on the Jolly John- ny and he hoisted the sky-sails. But March Wind hurried off. For he had not wished to play with what the man beneath the sails called “kites”, the high flying-jib topsails. Oh, no! “Time for kites”, March Wind sang out again as he crossed over the water and reached the land. “Very well”, called a keen-eyed bird with long graceful wings. “It really seems rather early for the beetles and locusts and grasshoppers upon which I feed. But you said “Time for kites’ and I’m a ‘kite’, you know.” “Oh, no, I did not mean you at all”, snapped the March Wind shortly. “I forgot there was a falcon-like bird called a ‘kite’.” Then he sped on nearer the ground and cried again, “Time for kites”. “Good”, shouted Harold Laddy who was homeward bound from school, “I'll get my kite right away”. And off he ran. “Hurry, hurry, hurry!’ cried March Wind flying after him, satis- fied this time, for ‘he, like the boys, loved to play with paper kites. In- deed when March Wind failed to join the kite-flyers they had little success. (Turn to page 25) 15

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aS | ALONG THE COLOR LINE MUSIC AND ART @ Roland Hayes’ tour of the South has met with unqualified success. During the holiday season he sang for friends of his boyhood in Gordon County, Georgia, after which he gave several brilliant recitals in the North. At a recent recital at Carnegie Hall, New York City, for the benefit of the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Club he drew $6000 in door receipts. @ Madame Lillian Evanti, coloratura soprano of Washington, D. C., recent- ly made her debut in Paris Grand Opera under the auspices of the Opera-Comique. Her splendid inter- pretation of Lakme was greeted with enthusiasm. @ Because of the persistent efforts of Maud Cuney Hare, colored children are to be enrolled at the South End Music School, Boston. Mrs. Hare has been appointed a member of the Council Board of the School. @ Louis Drysdale, a native of Jamaica, British West Indies, is a successful teacher of voice in Lodon, England. Mr. Drysdale has studied under some of the leading European masters. @ Colored American artists are being received enthusiastically in London, Paris and Berlin, where they are to be found as the featured attractions in many of the largest theatres. In Lon- don Florence Mills with her “Blackbird Revue” continues to draw crowds; in Paris at the Champs-Elysees Music Hall, a tabloid revue features Joe Alex, a dancer, with Vance Lowry and his Jazz Kings; in Berlin, Louis Douglas, Ruth Bayton and Josephine Baker, who is engaged in motion picture work, are doing admirable work. @ Theater Arts exhibited primitive African sculpture at the New Art Circle, New York City, from February 7 to March 5. The collection, former- ly the property of a Belgian collector who spent twenty-five years assembling it, comprises nearly a thousand speci- mens and represents a complete picture of the art work of the Congo region. @ Madam Ernestine Shumann-Heink recently visited Bethune-Cookman Col- lege where she spoke at a special con- vocation in her honor and joined in the singing of the student body. SOCIAL PROGRESS @ One of the most significant victories by Negroes in Los Angeles was won 16 recently when beach property owned principally by colored people was or- dered condemned for’ park purposes; this was stopped by a repeal of the or- dinance. @ R. L. Andrews, a retired business man of Houston, Texas, recently bought a $30,000 home in one of the exclusive residential sections of Los Angeles. @ Approximately 1000 Negroes of Nashville, Tennessee, were made home- less as the result of the devastating flood which occurred the first part of January. @ The second Public Welfare Insti- tute, Division of Negro Work, was held recently at The Winston-Salem Teacher’s College, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. @ Among the two hundred Southern delegates at the recent Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. convention held at Mil- waukee, Wisconsin, there were seventy- five Negroes. Several colored students were sent as delegates from Northern colleges. Dr. Mordecai Johnson of Howard University and Howard Thurman of Oberlin, Ohio, were plat- form speakers. EDUCATION @ Solomon Porter Hood, who several months ago resigned his post as United States Minister to Liberia, has been ap- pointed president of Campbell College, Jackson, Mississippi. @ The New Craig School, recently opened to colored children of New Orleans, is a modern and completely equipped building. @ Lincoln University at Jefferson City, Missouri, is now a member of the North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools as a teachers’ college; it has been recognized as a class A college by the educational de- partment of North Carolina and has been admitted to the Association of Colleges for Negro Youth. RELIGION @ Four hundred colored children and adults were confirmed recently at St. Elizabeth’s Roman Catholic Parish, Chicago. @ In January a joint commission of the A. M. E. and A. M. E. Z. Churches met in Washington, D. C., to consider further the organic union ot these two bodies. @ The edifice of the famous Church of Our Father, Universalist, in Brook- lyn, New York, has been purchased for $117,500 by the Nazarene Congrega- tional Church of which Reverend Henry Proctor is pastor. @ The proposal of the Negro Corinth- ian Baptist church of Des Moines, Iowa, to buy the First Christian Science Church building for $55,000, has aroused the surrounding property owners to the extent that they have protested to the city council. @ The recent conferences of the C. M. E. Church in Georgia, presided over by Bishop R. A. Carter, subscribed over $5000 for the erection of a monu- ment to the late Bishop L. H. Holsey, who was one of the founders of the C. M. E. Church and of Paine Col- lege, Augusta, Georgia. PERSONAL @ To Ernest’ King, automobile mechanic of Los Angeles, goes the honor of having contributed the most outstanding improvement to radio science during the past year. His de- vice, an automatic control for radios, has been sold to the Atwater-Kent Cor- poration on a royalty basis. @ Two Philadelphia banks have con- solidated under the direction of Major R. R. Wright, president of the Citizens and Southern Bank and Trust Com- pany, and J. C. Asbury, president of the Keystone Co-operative Bank. This merger is the first one of its kind in the history of the race. @ Myrna Harriet Moore, fifteen years old and a senior in the Wichita High School, Wichita, Kansas, is the first Negro student to be elected to the National Honor Society of that school. @ An enameling plant operated and owned by Negroes is located in Pal- myra, New Jersey. The plant, which was put into operation about four years ago with a capital of $125,000, is progressing in quality and quantity of output. @ Thomas F. Parker, sixty-six years old, a well known white philanthropist of Greenville, South Carolina, is dead. He founded and maintained the Phil- lis Wheatley Community Center for colored people at Greenville. @ Lowell C. Wormley, a senior at Dartmouth College, was recently elected to the vice-presidency of the Beta Alpha Phi Biological Society and made chairman of the committee on speakers for the Society. Tue Crisis

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@ William W. Glenn of Los Angeles recently resigned his post as Captain of Detectives after having served as a police officer for tweny-three years. @ Dr. M. W. Reddick of Americus, Georgia, is dead. Dr. Reddick was widely known. He was a teacher of ethics and theology at Morehouse Col- | lege and pastor of Bethesda Baptist Church in Americus. @ For thirty years Henry MacBride ot Austin, Texas, has held the job of porter in the State Attorney General’s Department of the State Capitol. @ Dr. Moses M. W. Norman, fifty- eight, pastor of the Metropolitan Bap- tist Church of Washington, D. C., for the past twenty-one years, is dead. At the time of his death Dr. Norman was president of the Baptist Ministers’ Con- ference and member of the Board of Education of the Baptist Church. @.A testimonial banquet at the Vin- cennes Hotel was tendered Edward H. Wright of Chicago, Illinios, recently. Mr. Wright is a member of the Illinois Commerce Commission, ward commit- teeman of the second ward and head of one of the largest colored political machines in the country. @ A tribute to Matthew Henson, the only civilized man living who has stood at the North pole, was broadcasted re- cently by Donald McMillan, Arctic ex- . plorer. @ The founder of Hartshorn Memor- ial College, Dr. Lyman Beecher Tefft, is dead. Dr. Tefft was connected with Hartshorn for twenty-nine years. @ We note the rise of Joseph M. Pay- ton of Fort Madison, lowa, from a laborer in 1923 to the man in charge ot signal material and automatic train control supplies for the Eastern lines of the Atchiason, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. @ For twenty-five years Dr. John P. Wragg has been associated with the work of Bible distribution among col- ored people in the South. Dr. Wragg, who is Dean of American Agency Sec- retaries of the American Bible Society, was born in Charleston, South Caro- lina, in 1855. He attended Avery In- stitute there and afterward studied at Claflin University and the Gammon Theological Seminary in Atlanta. He . is a man of sterling character and fine executive ability. @ Charles A. Griffin, who has been active in the politics of Illinois for some time, was elected to the Illinois State Legislature in the recent election. @ George Frazier Miller is a radical clergyman with the courage of his con- victions. He is she descendant of a Santo Domingan family who came to America during the Haitian insurrec- tion. He was born at Aiken, South March, 1927

Dr. John P. Wragg

C. A. Griffin Carolina, in 1864, was graduated from Howard in 1888 and from the Epis- copal General Theological Seminary in 1891. He has been the Rector of St. Augustine’s P. E. Church of Brooklyn since 1896. He is a Socialist and was an outspoken opponent of the World War and of America’s participation in it. When rich donors to the church tried to dictate his thinking he held ‘to his opinions and at great personal sat-? rifice made his church independent. A few years ago his congregation pur- -’ *séssion -will Be chased and moved into the beautiful edifice which stands on Lafayette Ave- nue, Brooklyn. Mr. Miller is a wid- ower with three children. @ Langston Hughes has. been award- ed the John Keats Prize for the best poem in the second fall number of Palms. FRATERNITIES AND SORORITIES @ We have note of six of the chief Negro Greek letter fraternities and sororities whose annual mid-year con- claves were held during the holiday sea- son. The Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity, the oldest of the group, held its 19th convention at Richmond, Virginia. Raymond W. Cannon of Minneapolis, Minnesota, was re-elected to serve his fourth term as National President and J. H. P. Evans of Atlanta, Georgia, was re-elected General Secretary for a third term. $1000 was appropriated for scholarships. The next place of meeting will be Cleveland, Ohio. @ The Omega Psi Phi fraternity held its 15th annual convention at Chicago, Illinois. J. S. McClain of Philadel- phia, Pennsylvania, was elected Grand Basileus and W. H. Mazyck of Wash- ington, D. C., was re-elected Grand Keeper of Records and Seals. The fraternity will meet in New York City next year. @ The annual convention of the Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity was held in ‘ Washington, D. C. Earl B. Dicker- son of Chicago, Illinois, was re-elected Grand Polemarch and J. Ernest Wil- kins, also of Chicago, was re-elected Grand Keeper of Records and Ex- chequer. [uring the coming year $350 in scholarships will be awarded as fol- lows: $200 to any Kappa man attend- ing the Universities of Michigan, Cor- nell or Aimes and $150 to a graduate of any high school who meets the re- quirements of the Scholarship Commit- tee of the fraternity. The next place of meeting will be Detroit, Michigan. @ The 13th annual meeting of the Phi Beta Sigma fraternity was held at Greensboro, North Carolina. A. W. Mitchell of Washington, D. C., was elected General President and Thomas H. Reed of Portsmouth, Virginia, was elected General Secretary-Treasurer. An appropriation of $2000 was made for a committee to visit Haiti and the Virgin Islands, whose purpose is to re- port to the United States Government on conditions existing there. A special committee was appointed to co-operate with, the N. 4A. A.C. P. The next hela <in .St. : Louis, Missouri. ‘ (Turn to page 27) 17

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William H. Fuller Warren B. Douglas Frederick M. Roberts @ William H. Fuller, attorney-at-law, @ Warren B. Douglas, who has prac- @ Frederick M. Roberts has been re- has been elected to the Pennsylvania ticed law in Illinois for eleven years, elected to serve a fifth term in the State Legislature. has been elected to the Illinois General California Legislature. Assembly for the fourth term. LS ee BS ss a rod Be ee vies sanammnenen<:. The Reverend George Frazier Miiier and St. Augustine’s Church, Brooklyn, N. Y. (Page 17.) March, 1927

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Ba WHAT TO READ | HE outstanding book of the month is Langston Hughes’ second book of poems, “Fine Clothes to the Jew”. It is a beautifully printed little volume of eighty-nine pages issued by Knopf and has, like “The Weary Blues”, “the fine qualities of force, passion, direct- ness and sensitive perception”. There are extraordinarily beautiful bits here and there and while the poems dis- tinctly confine themselves to lowly types, it is the human feeling and long- ing there that he emphasizes. Despair at sunset: “A good woman’s cryin’ For a no-good man?” The spittoon cleaner who puts his lowly offering on the altar of the Lord; the porter “Climbing up.a great big mountain Of yes, sirs!” The cry of the religious mourners: “QO, ma little Jesus, Please reach out yo’ hand.” Of individual poems one must read the rhythm and abandon of “Saturday Night”; the little “Sun Song”; and the tragic “Song for a Dark Girl”. And then there are phrases here and there: “A passing girl with purple pow- dered skin”; “T’m midnight mad”; “I’m waiting for ma mammy,— She is Death.” And one line which is a sort of key to the book: “‘Loud-mouthed laughers in the hands Of Fate.” The book is $2 and has a jacket by Aaron Douglas. You should buy it. HE muse of William Augustus Banks (“Beyond the Rockies”, Dorrance) is not strong or striking, but it has merit. “T put my hand on the breast of the sea But the sea paid me no mind; And because the sea didn’t stop for me, I said: ‘O the sea is blind!’” HE report of the Association Uni- versitaire Catholique d’ Aide aux Missions, on Catholic missions among the Indians and Negroes of Oklahoma, by Urbain de Hasque, contains a strik- ing indictment of Catholic listlessness toward American Negroes. It says (page 104): “Native Clergy for 150 Years: There have been only eighi Catholic priests of Negro blood in North America. The first was P. 20 i. Langston Hughes’ new poems; Carter Woodson’s “Mind of the Negro”; and magazine articles $$ _____—_____ Augustus Tolton, ordained at Rome 1888, died in 1902; Joseph Plantvigne, ordained at Baltimore in 1907, died 1913; and the following six who are still alive: Randolph Uncles, ordained 1891, Professor at Epiphany College, Baltimore; John Dorsey, ordained 1902, Curate at St. Monica, Balti- more; Joseph Burgess, ordained 1907, Professor at the Apostolic School at Cornwells, Pennsylvania; Steven L. Theobold, ordained 1910, attached to the colored parish at St. Paul; Joseph John, ordained 1923; Norman Duck- ett, ordained February, 1926.” There is one seminary for Negroes and this was not established until 1920. There are six colored schools in the South; two congregations of colored nuns, one in Baltimore and one in New Orleans, with 311 membeis. There are not more than 250,000 colored Catholics in the country and the Catholics have only $1,250,000 invested in the work of evangelizing the Negroes! Among the sixty-eight colored schools and colleges “there is not a single Catholic college”. ARTER WOODSON’S “The Mind of the Negro as Reflected in Letters Written during the Crisis 1800-1860”, a thick volume of 671 pages, is another one of this scholar’s invaluable contributions to Negro his- tory. It costs $5, but it ought to be in most of our libraries. After all, what do even we who are dark know of what our fathers and grandfathers thought? And a white man said: “How much would I give if I could just get into the mind of that Negro for a few moments and see the world from his point of view.” This book allows us all to do this for the first sixty years of the 19th century. NYONE who wants a short, fair statement of the problem of “The Negro in American Life” should buy Willis J. King’s little seventy-five cent volume in the World’s Friendship Series, published by the Methodist Book Concern. In 154 pages he has outlined with references, quotations De and comments “an elective course for young people on Christian race rela- tionship”. The work seems thorough and well done. In the Magazines RNOLD HOLLRIEGEL writes in The Living Age, January 1, 1927, on the “West Indian Pepper Pct”. As the background he relates the story of the pepper pot, under which the fire never dies from one generation to the next. It is just a continuous simmering, stewing and mixing. Little by little the islands are becoming the home of a new European-veneered Ne- gro race. The author says: “Europe is already dancing to the Negro’s tom tom.” Colin Ross writes on “The Black and White of It”. The article first appeared in the Vossische Zeitung, a Berlin liberal daily paper, October 16, 24, 26, 1926. It is translated in The Living Age, January 15, 1927. The impossibility of building South Africa on white labor alone makes black labor a necessity. All the heavy work is done by the blacks who have few poli- tical rights. Segregation in the past was carried out in the strictest form, but now that agriculture is not the only industry and opportunities have come to the blacks through the mines and manufactures, the editors and mission- aries are making themselves felt and conditions are becoming better. Round Table, England, December 1926, publishes ““A Covered Wagon in Africa”. This article was reprinted in The Living Age for January 15. It is the story of the great Ngami trek and is a colorful and encyclopedic de- scription of the settling of Ghansi. “Race Questions in South Africa”, by Patric Duncan, appears in Foreign Affairs, January, 1927. The whole article is permeated with the white man’s apprehension for the future of his own race in Africa. The non- European peoples in South Africa fall in three groups. First, the native popu- lation; second, the colored people of mixed race; third, the Asiatic popula- tion. The native population out-num- bers the other two groups. The Euro- pean invasion came about 270 years ago and since then the European has introduced his civilization but he is seeing it turned against him by the (Turn to page 32) Tue Crisis

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FROM OUR SCRAP BOOK The New York Nation’s Honor Roll for 1926 has these entries: Clarence Darrow and Arthur Garfield Hays, for pleading and winning the cause of race justice in Detroit. Walter F. White, for crossing the color line at the risk of his life and dis- covering the Aiken lynchers. This ought to increase interest in this advertisement in the New York Times: AUGUSTA—AIKEN In Augusta, Ga., and Aiken, S. C., out- door life prevails throughout the entire winter. These are healthful and delight- ful resorts for vacations during the win- ter months, amid ideal surroundings. Varied amusements invite open air life— golf, polo, tennis, motoring, riding and driving. We clip from a contemporary: My niece, a little girl of 5, had a Bible given her. She always thought she must entertain callers, and one day she said: “My mother is reading a book. The name of it is “The Crisis’. And I have a new book. My book is about Jesus Crisis.” The Commission on Inter-racial Co- operation of Atlanta issued a leaflet which says: A college student gravely informed me the other day that God tufned one of Noah’s sons black and sentenced his descendants to perpetual servitude. He spent a half hour searching the Bible to prove it. He didn’t find it, of course, for the Bible says nothing of the kind. There is no suggestion that God cursed anybody or that anybody was turned black. (Read Genesis 9 and see for yourself). The scientists tell use that our color variations are due to the in- fluence of climate and environment work- ing through long ages. Probably we were all red at first; the name Adam means “red earth’, you know. Then those of us who settled in the North faded out, while those farther South grew darker. The following paragraph is clipped from a Virginia newspaper: “A Negro in Pittsburgh won a parole for his youngest son when he told the court ‘this is the best of my 35 children’. The flower of this large flock pleaded guilty to larceny. If this theft involved a chicken roost, it is not difficult to un- derstand the father’s high estimation of his son.” March, 1927 THE FAR HORIZON It is the first time in many years that we have seen that stale jest in print, and we had hoped that it was a thing of the past. Doubtless the scribbler who wrote the paragraph above quoted meant no of- fense, but all such jests naturally are offensive to honest and respectable col- ored people, for they are a slur at the race, and there is nothing funny in a jest that gives offense. Real politeness is consideration for the feelings of others, and colored people are as much entitled as any other people to that sort of con- sideration. There is no excuse for re- ferring to them as “niggers”, or even as “darkies”; no excuse for employing any term of designation which is derogatory to the race or offensive to colored men and women of refined sensibilities. There is no color line in manners. Newport News, Virginia, Daily Press. Panama, C. Z., 1923.—‘‘Native side” of city. Mid-afternoon. Myself stop- ping two American privates in the nar- row winding main street to ask the way to a shop. Cordial greetings, naive in- terest, sidewalk chat of several minutes. Both of them from Iowa. Offer to guide me to the place. We start along abreast. Twice I fall a step behind to let natives pass us on sidewalk. Notice privates elbow passers into the roadway. On my third attempt, one says, giving me a friendly tip: “Oh, don’t get out of the way for them. We never do that for them lazy niggers down here.” The New Masses. Just to show the folly to which silly race discrimination can go was exempli- fied at the Y. M. C. A. the other day when a group of boys of all nations from the Church of All Nations, composed of Italians, Mexicans, Negroes, Japanese, and cther nationalities were invited to that institution on one of its functions. They got along all right until the mat- ter of a little swim in the pool was the order of the hour. Then some pygmy representative of the great white race got busy and excluded the Negroes from swimming with those of the invited group. If that grade of slavery is a symptom of white superiority socially or otherwise, we Negroes don’t want it. Fortunate was it that Dr. G. Bromley Onom, the pastor of the Church of All Nations, got through the Methodist Preachers Meeting a resolution condemn- ing the act as brutal and un-Christian and demanding that Methodist Churches withdraw their support from that insti- tution until a more sensible treatment of all race groups can be maintained. Isn’t it strange that some white people of average intelligence are favorable to such ignorant, backward southern non- sense and brutal discourtesy. From California. VOTES FOR BLACK FOLK Nobody, not even the people of the South, will seriously contend with Sena- tor Caraway of Arkansas, that the right of the Negroes in his state is uncon- tested. If what he says is so, why is it that but eight per cent of the population in Arkansas votes and in Mississippi the percentage is one point less? To say that the polls are as free and safe for Arkansans as are the polls for Massachusetts people is going a long dis- tance. Twenty-nine per cent of our pop- ulation votes. Why should the Arkansas senator be so shocked on account of the question- able method by which Mr. Vare of Pennsylvania and Mr. Smith of Illinois secured their senatorial credential when it is openly admitted in his own state that, for obvious reasons, Negroes do not vote? The Arkansas senator may be right in his position on the Vare and Smith cases and what is here said is not to be taken as a defense of their claims, but to get right down to brass tacks, Senator Caraway has no more right to a seat in the senate than Smith or Vare. This is just a case of the pot calling the kettle black. Pittsfield, Massachusetts, Eagle. Former Governor Dunne of Illinois has discovered another reason why Smith should be allowed to take his seat in the senate. He says the entire question of state rights is at stake. To refuse to accept Smith’s credentials would be to destroy the last vestige of state sover- eignty, he declares. He furthermore points out that a re- fusal to accept Smith’s credentials would establish a precedent dangerous to the Democratic party in the South, for, fol- lowing that precedent, the senate might refuse to accept the credentials of any Democrat elected in any southern state in which the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution gives the Negro the right of suffrage, alleging as a reason for such refusal that Negroes had not been permitted to exercise that right. Blackwell, Oklahoma, Tribune. JUSTICE Jake Hilton, Negro, of Jasper county, was pardoned on Wednesday by Gover- nor Henry L. Whitfield, according to in- formation just given out at the offices 21

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of the state prison Thursday afternoon. Hilton was sentenced three years in August, 1925, for grand larceny. In giving his reason for granting the pardon, Governor Whitfield said: “This case grew out of a charge of stealing cotton for which this man was convicted. A letter from the person owning the said cotton states that it now develops that Hilton did not commit the act, but it was done by a white man or men, and he has been paid for the cotton which was stolen. At the time of the trial the ac- cused Negro did not testify because of it being dangerous for him to do so.” Jackson, Mississippi, Daily News. On December 8th a Negro man, whose name was not reported to the executive department, is alleged to have shot and killed a white man in a little community in Harris county, near West Point. A gang of less than a dozen white men, claiming they were merely going to lo- vate the Negro, who had escaped and was }'ding out, and whose intention was to fing the Negro and turn him over to the sheriff of the county, started out as a self-constituted posse. During the night they stopped at the hut of a Negro eight miles from West Point and awakened the occupants. De- roanding that they be allowed to search the house, they were admitted, and found that the Negro boy, Ransom, aged 14 years old, was the only male occupant of the cabin. Ransom joined the men in their search of the place, according to the story told to the governor’s office by the sheriff. In fact, Ransom held the lamp so the white men could make their search under the beds, and through the cabin. When every corner of the Negro cabin had been examined, the man wanted was not found, and the gang was about to depart, when one of the number turned to the boy, Ransom, and made the re- mark: “We've just got to get one nig- ger, anyhow,” and fired on the Negro lad, killing him. Columbus, Georgia, Inguirer-Sun. Congress should pass the anti-lynching law pending before it. The lynching of Negroes is a national disgrace. In the South it is engaged in as part of the policy of “keeping the blacks in their place”. Negroes in the South are re- garded as inferior to whites, no matter how depraved, cruel and useless a white may be. Any white man, they believe, is better than a black or colored one. The idea is wickedly and cruelly false. It therefore produces nothing but wick- edness and cruelty. And in doing it brings world-wide disgrace upon the United States. The South will not correct the evil itself. It becomes necessary, therefore, to make the crime of lynching a Federal concern. It becomes the more necessary to do this because there have been inci- dents of lynching in the North and the steady migration of Negroes from the South appears to be encouraging the evil. The crime of lynching must be abol- ished from America. Since the South, 22 the chief offender, will not stop it, the nation through Congress must assume the responsibility. Philadelphia, Pa., Daily News. “ALL IN A DAY’S WORK” I began the work of yesterday by eat- ing breakfast at the restaurant in the Union Station, the only place in the city and probably the only place in the state or the entire South where white people will satisfy a Negro’s hunger by serving him meals in the same res- taurant and at the same table where whites are served. I ate my _break- fast freely like other hungry men with a white man on one side and a white woman on the other, neither of whom I knew or cared to know or expected to see again and neither of whom knew or cared to know or expected to see me again. Aren’t our white people silly along some lines? In the evening I was the guest of the executive officer, a southern white man, of the only regular organized colored boy scout troops in the United States at the only colored scout camp in the United States. We went out to the camp on an Inter-urban car. On approaching the station my southern white friend re- marked that although I was his guest and although we were engaged in prac- tically the same work and had much to talk about, we could not ride together for I must take the “Jim Crow” com- partment. “It’s a darn shame,” said he, “that we can not ride together. Of all the silly laws this ‘Jim Crow’ law is the silliest,” a sentiment to which I readily and heartily agreed. At the camp I was served supper with my white friend and at the evening camp fire I listened to an address of the execu- tive officer of the white troops and to a white scout who had come from a near- by white scout camp to sound and ex- plain the numerous bugle calls in the routine of the day. When it came my turn to speak, I held up to these black scouts the records of such men as Roland Hayes, Booker Washington, Prof. Car- ver, Dr. DuBois, and others. The colored boys related this story to me: In the afternoon they had been out on a long hike and in returning passed the white scout camp. These white youngsters signalled, “Who are you?” The response came back, “Colored Scouts”. The white scouts signalled again, “Come over and visit us”. The colored scouts went over and spent a half hour yelling and singing and talking with their white fellow scouts. These south- ern white boys observing that the Negro scouts were tired and dusty from their hike said, “Come on and take a swim in our pool”. The colored boys responded and had the swim of their lives. The white scouts served the colored scouts with candies and sent a supply to the col- ored boys who remained at the camp. On my return to the city my friend said, “I’ll be darned if I don’t ride with you in the ‘Jim Crow’ car and if the conductor makes any objection, I'll cuss him out”. And ride with me he did. We compromised by riding in the white smoker compartment with none to molest or make afraid. Can you beat it? GEORGIA “In country districts children were frequently kept from school to work on the farms, and the school attendance law offered no way to combat this cus- tom. One school superintendent stated that work was obligatory for all the children in tenant families who could follow a plow, as this was the arrange- ment of the tenant with his landlord, who otherwise would not hire him... . “Both in the country and in the towns it was reported that many parents were so shiftless that they did not care whether their children received an education or not. Being illiterate themselves, they did not appreciate the benefits of an education. “The attendance problem among Negro children was complicated by the fact that often the school was absent from the child, rather than the child from the school. Most of the schools for Negro children were entirely inade- quate and poorly equipped and staffed. It was said that as a rule the parents were anxious to have their children attend, almost the only effort to keep the Negro child in school being made by members of his own race. If all the Negro chil- dren of compulsory school age were com- pelled to go to school there would be no place to put them, as there were not suf- ficient accommodations for those actually attending.” (Federal Children’s Bureau. Dependent and Delinquent Children in Georgia. 1926.) W AGES The Maryland Inter-racial Com- mission reports these wages for school teachers in the state: Elementary Schools White Colored 3rd grade .... $600- 650 $320- 450 2nd grade .... 750- 850 400- 600 Ist grade 950-1250 520- 850 High School Assistant ..... $1150-1350 $640- 950 Principal ..... 1150-2150 760-1300 “The Commission recommends the principle of equal pay, grade by grade, as shown by the standards of school clas- sification and teachers certificates toward attaining this standard without regard to color. The State of Maryland should proceed promptly and vigorously in this matter. Well trained, efficient teachers with experience can hardly be secured or retained in any other way. It costs the colored teacher as much as one of any other group to secure an education and’ to live while teaching school. We re- quest that the Board of Education, the Governor and the Legisiature take this matter into immediate consideration.” ENGLISH Commenting on the fact mentioned by that famous British newspaper of India, the “Pioneer”, that the way educated (Turn to page 30) Tue Crisis: —- «eee ee ee Cl oe el

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Football (Continued from page 8) standing players increases each year as foot ball gets firmer hold upon Negro colleges. We believe the men placed on the First Team at the head of this article would come out victors in any gridiron engagement that might be staged against any Negro college eleven. T end we have Turner, West Virginia, and Williams, Langs- ton, experienced wing men and backs. Both are excellent snatchers of passes, fast and hard to stop. Turner played at both quarter back and end for his school and shone brilliantly in both positions. But it was as end, in 1926, that Turner played his best game. Quick to get through the enemy’s line, he often advanced thirty and forty yards before the ball was passed and he seldom failed to hold the sphere when he could get his hands on it. Often, too, he raced several yards after a catch before he was downed. Williams was a terror in every game in which he was a participant. His running, catching of passes, tackling and kicking, brought his opponents to make efforts to stop him wherever he played. He was a tower of strength in every engagement and he usually made gains whenever called on. For tackles Miller, North Carolina A. & T., and Lamar, Atlanta, are chosen. They had no equals during the year. Both are deadly tacklers, both are line smashers, both can block superbly and both know the game of breaking up the enemy’s plays. De- fensively and offensively they outplayed all tackles who faced them. Jennings, Paul Quinn, and Redd, Wiley, were the best guards of the 1926 season. Every member of their enemies’ teams knew they were in the game. ‘They made themselves felt on every play. Their ability to dig deep into the enemy’s territory on both de- fense and offense brought victory to their teams in many contests. The greatest center Negro foot ball has seen for many years was Buchanan, Wilberforce. Roving here and there, he frequently mowed down the ball carrier when the efforts of all other members of his team had failed to stop the enemy’s advance. He played win- ning foot ball every week-end. As a passer back, he was both brilliant and brainy. His passes never went wide of their mark. He could be depended upon to give his best on every play and his fighting spirit instilled pep into all players who were members of the Wil- berforce varsity. He was everywhere March, 1927 during the game and aiways where he was needed. C. Smith, Howard, Ritchie, Wilber- force, Stevenson, Tuskegee, and Coles, Howard, constituted the strongest backfield in Negro college foot ball. All four are great runners, kickers, pass- ers, pass catchers and tacklers. C. Smith was Howard’s most used and most dependable half back. He al- ways “delivered che goods” when he “carried the mail”. He can hit a line hard and with telling effect and he can make his way through the narrowest opening. In the open he runs like “a scared deer”. Ritchie is a power at all angles of the game. At carrying the ball, at kicking and at catching passes, he had ne peer. Dodging, ducking, twisting and squirming, he went through the line of the opposition for gain after gain. His goal kicking caused his enemies to respect him, for most of his attempts at field goals counted for scores. On defense he was a demon at tackling and bringing down passes. Stevenson was the mainstay of Tuskegee in almost every game and the South’s outstanding backfield man. He can be relied upon to make the al- most impossible and the most unex- pected play when the game is close and the team needs encouragement and inspiration. Ripping the line, plung- ing into the enemy’s camp, darting into holes, escaping tacklers and making substantial gains, he won the admmira- tion of foot ball fans everywhere. His opponents often concentrated their stiffest resistance upon him, but he fought his hardest and his best when the fighting of the enemy was most stub- born. Coles possesses an almost unerring judgment in unraveling his opponents’ plays. He exhibits the same sort of ability in planning attacks upon the enemy, while his educated toe seldom fails to add the point after touchdown. Coles is a fine ball carrier, a brilliant snatcher of passes and a dangerous open field runner. He is Howard’s out- standing star and the greatest quarter back of the season. Brainy, cautious, determined and cool, he outgeneraled and outplayed every quarter back against whom he performed. HE players on the second and third teams were second and third only to the men named on the teams above them. Russ, Shields, McPher- son, Parker, Epps, Williams, Joyner, Branch make splendid backfields and if they played together would give their enemy much to worry about. The line- men are splendid players who would perform wonderful foot ball stunts in every contest. ATLANTA UNIVERSITY BEAUTIFULLY LOCATED IN ATLANTA, GA. OLLEGE, Normal School and Senior High School. Special em- phasis on training teachers. Students from all parts of the South. Graduates have a fine record for successful work. FOR INFORMATION, Address M. W. ADAMS, President MorEHOUSE COLLEGE (Formerly Atlanta Baptist College) ATLANTA, GA. College, Academy, Divinity School N institution famous within recent years for its emphasis on all sides of manly development—the only insti- tution in the far South devoted solely to the education of Negro young men. Graduates given high ranking by greatest northern universities. Debat- ing, Y. M. C. A., athletics, all live fea- tures. FOR INFORMATION, Address JOHN HOPE, President Clark University ATLANTA, GEORGIA “Culture for Service” OVER 100 acres of beautiful campus. Twelve bulld- ings with rew $215,000.00 Administration Build- ing with modern Chapel, Laboratories and Gymnasium. Clark University offers unusual educational oppor- tunities to aspiring young men and women. Terms reasonable. Departments: College of Arts and Sci- ence, Normal Training School, College Preparatory, Music end Home Economics, For information address M. S. DAVAGE, President Morris “Brown U. niversity ATLANTA, GA, === CO-EDUCATIONAL rT largest institution of learning in the South owned and controlled by Negroes. Faculty of specialists, trained in some of the best universi- of scholarship; ind: sth anohaae so > indust em and positive Christian intbethes: Well equi ete ; sane athletics under faculty super- vision. reasonable. and healthful. Location central .» College, High School, Normal, Commercial, Musical, Domestic Science, Sewing, Printing and Tailoring. For further information address JOHN H. LEWIS, President BISHOP J. 8S. FLIPPER, Chairman Trustee Board Knoxville College KNOXVILLE, TENN. PPP PP PPP PP IPP PPP OP PPPPD Beautiful Situation and Healthful Location. Best Moral and Spiritual Environment. Splendid Intellectual Atmosphere. Noted for Honest and Thorough Work. a ee Fully Accredited = Teachers’ Certificates by State Board. Home-like Dormitory Life with Careful Supervision. Live Athletic and Literary Interests. COURSES: College, Normal, High School, ° hold, Arts and Music. re Expenses Very Reasonable Catalog and other literature sent free upon request. Address: J. KELLY GIFFEN, President. KNOXVILIE, TENN.

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Lincoln University Pioneer in Collegiate and Theological Education Accredited by the Association of nn of the Middle States and Mary OPP IPI IIS LINCOLN Graduates are Leaders in the various professions and in all parts of the country. Address: Wm. Hallock Johnson, President LINCOLN UNIVERSITY CHESTER COUNTY PENNSYLVANIA VIRGINIA. UNION UNIVERSITY RICHMOND, VIRGINIA ATED as a class A college by the State Boards of Education in Vir- ginia and North Carolina. In addition to the general college cur- riculum, work is offered in the follow- ing departments : Teachers College Pre-Medical Theological Law Commercial For additional information address THE PRESIDENT SHAW UNIVERSITY Founded 1865 Devoted exclusively to College and Theological work. “A” class college having a prestige in 7 gro education. Given graduate soning y universities of the North, With no hig school, increasing emphasis is placed upon college standards and the promotion of col- lege spirit in scholarship and athletics. Rapaas sires; A.B., B.S., Th.B. and B.S. in Home onomics. Special attention is given to the training of teachers. Terms seoderate. pond for catalog. Address: fins PEACOC Presi- dent, SHAW UNIVERSITY, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA. JOHNSON C. SMITH UNIVERSITY (Formerly Biddle University) FOUNDED 1867 FOR MEN ONLY CLASS “A” College and High School, so recognized by the North Carolina State Board of Education. A Standard Theological Seminary. Member of the Association of Col- leges for Negro Youth. Large endowment. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, address H. L. McCROREY, President Charlotte, North Carolina The Ancrum School of Music Offers Courses in LA gs Pipe Organ, Violin, Voice, Theory, Harmony, tion. New England Censerentery method. ent faculty. ‘Fine dormitory rooms. Director: MRS. ESTELLE ANCRUM FORSTER Graduate N.E.C., 1919-20. SEND FOR YEAR BOOK. ADDRESS: 74 W. Rutland Sq., Boston, Mass. N.A.A.C.P. Notes (Continued from page 10) Spingarn Medal HE Spingarn Medal Award Com- mittee, through its Chairman, Bishop John Hurst, urges the recom- mendation of all colored citizens who during the year 1926 achieved great- est distinction in any honorable field of human endeavor. The Committee wishes to state again that any person has the right to make a nomination. Already a number of persons have been recommended but the Committee is anxious to have as extensive a list of nominees for consideration as possible. Recommendations giving the qualifica- tions of the person nominated should be addressed to Bishop John Hurst, Chairman Spingarn Medal Award Committee, 69 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. Unfinished Masterpieces (Continued from page 14) you talked and you replied, “Once, I sorter wanted to write books. Once, I uster read a heaps. See times when I was broke and nobody would stake me for a game. I’d lay around and read. I’ve read the Bible through and through and every Police Gazette I could lay my hands on. Yes, suh, I’ve read a’heap. And I’ve wished a lot’er times I’d sense enough to write a book.” Lump of mud. Containing the you, the splendid artist in you, the soul of you, the unfinished you in the ungainly lump of you, awaiting the gathering-up to be moulded anew into the finished masterpiece. What a day! Here is my friend at whose fire-side I have lingered behold- ing Mr. William Williams, great lump of mud. To be sure, she also is an un- finished production. Though it is ap- parent that the Master had all but done when she slipped from his hands and dropped to earth to lie groping like the rest of us thereon. Let us sit here together, friend, and enjoy this day. I shall try to discover what recent gift you have given to the poor the while you are quietly stitching upon the garments, linens and scarlet, with which to clothe your household. Sit here and smile with the welcoming light in your eyes, knowing that your door is open to such as William Will- iams and Dora Johns, the Dora who is become as the mud beneath one’s feet. Kind mistress of the widely opened door where white and black, rich and poor, of whatever caste or creed may enter and find comfort and ease and food and drink. FISK UNIVERSITY Largest college enrollment in his- tory of school 30 per cent greater for fall quar- ter than for all of last year 300 turned away WHY . Fisk graduates accepted and succeed in best graduate schools. . Fisk’s standards of scholar- ship and character high. . Balanced athletic program. . Fisk graduates in great de- mand. . Variety of student activities. For further information address: THE DEAN FISK UNIVERSITY Nashville, Tennessee Paine College AUGUSTA, GA. Standard College Courses Approved Two-Year Normal Accredited Senior High School Up-to-Date Junior High School “To develop leaders you must have the best possible equipment for liter- ary training and that is what we are striving for at Paine College’, said one of the leaders of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. This Church contributes largely to the support of Paine College. Tee A Goop ScHoot at REASONABLE RATES Ae For further information, gddress RAY S. TOMLIN, President PAINE COLLEGE Simmons University, 'ruisyille, .Ky- only tution in the State bevins for its Sheet Cotteinte Ministerial, Medfcal and Legal training for Colcred Citizens in Ken! ae Soectel, training in Insurance, Social Servic, and Hospital ee . Missionary Training be . Suis classes, se a A RRISHE Degrees Tue Crisis

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MORGAN COLLEGE ...a BRANCHES JOHN O. SPENCER, PRESIDENT COLLEGE :—John W. Haywood, A.M., 8.T.D., Dean. LOCATION :—College Town between North and South. COURSES :—Semester Credit System. A.B., a. and B.S. in Education degrees. . Advanced in Education. Certificates for High School ‘tach ing. RATING :—Accredited by the Association of Col- leges of the Middle States and Maryland, by the State Board of Education in Maryland and other States. POLICY :—Co-educational. FACULTY :—University trained specialists. SITE :—Eighty-five acres, beautiful scenery. Ath- letic fields. DORMITORIES :—Equipped and supervised. ACADEMY:—(On the Campus) George C. Grant, A.B., Principal. COURSES :—College Preparatory and General. SUMMER SCHOOL :—(1927) Six weeks, June 27th to Aug. 5 INFORMATION :—Address Edward N. Wilson, Registrar, Morgan College, Baltimore, Md. PRINCESS ANNE ACADEMY JUNIOR COLLEGE GRADE Eastern Branch of the University of Maryland COURSES :—Preparatory, Agricultural, Industrial, Domestic, Music. INFORMATION :—Address the Principal, Thomas H. Kiah, Ped.D. Princess Anne, Md. Talladega College TALLADEGA, ALABAMA Sixtieth Year F. A. SUMNER, President UP-TO-DATE in its equipment. High standards of scholarship. Thoroughly Christian in its ideals. DEPARTMENTS: Theological Seminary, College of Arts and Science, offering special courses in Educa- tion, Social Service, Music, Business Ad- ministration, Journalism and Physical Train- ing. Training School for Nurses. Six hundred students, 45 teachers, 800 acres, 30 buildings, electric lights, steam heat. Beautiful and healthful location in the footbills of the Blue Ridge. An ideal place for young men and women. For further information address THE PRESIDENT ScHoot of HiGH STANDARDS and a Rigorous PACE Wiley College MARSHALL, TEXAS ECOGNIZED as a Class “A” College by Standardizing Agencies. Has operated on the basis of four quarters a year since June, 1921. Graduation in June and August. Entrance any quarter. Leading colleges and universities repre- sented on its faculty. More than two hundred and fifty enrolled in college department, $35,000 in- vested in scientific laboratory and library research equipment. Due prominence given to music and to wholesome athletics. M. W. DOGAN, President. LIVINGSTONE COLLEGE Founpep sy J. C. PRICE SALISBURY, N. C. CO-EDUCATIONAL RECENTLY RE-ORGANIZED PRESENTS VERY STRONG FACULTY Offers the Following Courses: THEOLOGICAL HicH ScHoor Ligerat Arts AND SCIENCES Domestic Arts AND SCIENCES CommerciaL Music TEACHER TRAINING A School of Liberal Training with Distinct Religious Atmosphere Ul Athletics For Further Information Address W. J. TRENT, President James Edward Mason, Financial Secretary March, 1927 Let me sit awhile beside you upon this day, hearkening again to your simple philosophy. A philosophy stir- red with the spoon of kindliness and seasoned with the essence of love. Very simple indeed and yet sufficient to sus- tain you in every trial and of such resilience it rebounds in the presence of tribulations unto itself and findeth peace. What is it you say to back-biters and gossips, all those who wrongfully ac- cuse you? “Everything will come out in the wash.” And when a haughty one is deing su- perior? “Birds fly high but they come down to get water.” And when something or someone has failed you in duty or in word? “Every tub has to stand on its own bottom.” And your simple panacea for intoler- ance? “M..n is ‘apt’ to fall as sparks to go upwards.” What boon would I not forswear to sit beside you in reality, my friend, who boasts no art save the art of friendli- ness ? Friendliness encased in a crust of black mud, awaiting also the Master’s final touch, when all outer semblances and material hindrances shall fade into nothingness and His gifts, be they the one talent or the five, shall be poured into His scales. So thinking, retrospection suddenly done with, retracing with leaps and bounds the journey through the fields of memory, I arrive at the stile of the present. Whereon there is a sign as vividly lined as the present is drawn from the past and the future from the present. Quite plainly it reads: “We one and all are God’s un- finished shapes, ungainly lumps of mud, waiting—waiting to be moulded anew into the finished masterpiece.” The Little Page (Continued from page 15) So Harold rushed eagerly from home with his kite and March Wind met him and away they hurried. For a while they had a joyous time. Then something occurred. Just beneath the hill on which Harold and the Wind were at play a number of boys ap- peared with kites of all sizes. March Wind began to think what fun it would be to toy with all those kites at once. And he forgot poor Harold whose kite became entangled in the branches of an elm tree. That ended the joy. Harold marched gloomily home. But at the gate he found a boy hold- ing a kite string in one hand. “My kite’s gone over in your yard —guess it’s your yard”, said the boy. “If you help me get that kite out, tell St. Paul Normal and Industrial School LAWRENCEVILLE, VA. NorMAL SCHOOL TrapE SCHOOL AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL HicH ScHoo. ere. Academie me inet instruction; a High Christian — 5 Sound Atmosphere, jan ith Trained Hand and Head, are the objectives of { edueation at St. Paul's. THE NORMAL AND FOUR YEAR HIGH accredited by well known institutions of higher learn: ‘ing. THE TRADE SCHOOL offers an unexcelled standard trree-year course in sixteen trades for boys and four trades for girls, which fits them ) become efficient workers in the trades of their choice. THE AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL offers penettonl” farmer or farm INSTRUCTION IN ALL DEPARTMENTS is FREE, is gi by an experienced faculty ta tions represented. A well equipped gymnasium — for the prescribed course in physical edu- cation. THE SCHOOL HAS A STRONG ATRLETIC DEPARTMENT. Baseball, football, basket bal!, tennis and quer ite pease sperts. reasonable. amber and. oth i very For er in- formation, write the Principal: REV. JAMES S. RUSSELL, D.D. Lawrenceville, Va. Bethune-Cookman Colle ge (Formerly Daytona N. and I. Institute) DAYTONA BEACH, FLORIDA OCATED in the beautiful Halifax East Coast Country. An Institution where Op- ortunity is afforded for the Highest and Best in Education, offering courses in JUNIOR COLLEGE Normal Training School for Teachers Junior and Senior High School S PECIAL work offered in Commerce, Music, Domestic Science and Art, Agriculture and Carpentry. A well-equipped Hospital offering Course in Nurse-Training. Athletics encouraged for Boys and Girls Dormitory Facilities unsurpassed FOR INFORMATION, Write to Mary McLeod Bethune, President 1882 1927 LLANE COLLEGE Jackson, Tennessee A GROWING College with a splendid his- tory and a bright future. It offers modern courses in Collegiate, Theological, Musical, College Preparatory, Teachers’ Training, A a NEEL A EN STS SESS Home Economics and Pre-Medical subjects. Proper standards of conduct as well as scholarship are maintained. Well equipped laboratories, dormitories with modern conveni- ences and facilities under influences are supported. mation address J. F. LANE, President, Jackson, Tennessee. ive Christian or further infor- ON AAAS ASS

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The Atlanta School of Social W ork INCORPORATED Prepares Its Students for Professional Social W ork SUPERVISED FIELD WoRK WITH SociIAL AGENCIES Graduates of the School are in Demand Several Scholarships Available. 45} He For further information address the Director E.: Franklin Frazier, A.M. 193 Auburn Ave., Atlanta, Georgia Rust College GOING TO COLLEGE? Come to Rust College—Beautifully Located. Students from Fourteen States 2, ~ ee College of Normal, Liberal Arts, Standard Home Economics, Music, Junior and Senior High Schools. Efficient Faculty. New Equipment for Laboratories, Enlarged Library. Rates Reasonable For further information write President L. M. McCoy Holly Springs Mississippi THe CHEYNEY TRAINING SCHOOL FOR TEACHERS (A STATE NORMAL SCHOOL) CHEYNEY, PA. A PENNSYLVANIA State Normal School offering, in addition to the regular Normal Academic Course of two years, professional three year courses in Home Economics and Shop Work. A diploma from any of these courses makes a graduate eligible to teach in the public schools of Pennsylvania. For further information and catalog, write LESLIE PINCKNEY HILL, Principal CHEYNEY, PA. you what I’ll do. You can take turns flying it.” And again Harold was happy. He and the strange boy soon freed the kite string from a garage hinge on which it had caught and away they ran to play again with merry March Wind. Am I Too Late? Jesse TEMPLE, Jr. St. Louis, Missouri. LTHOUGH of but a tender age, Please put me on the LITTLE PAGE. Indeed it is a wish of mine To be the children’s VALENTINE. Bold Friend March OME right on Friend March! I hear you scratching at my door, Using the vine against my porch To be your knocker and what for? Bold in now, What do you think we have inside— Some catkins you could toss about? Or chewinks that we wish to hide, But which you think should be let out? Perhaps you’ve heard of March hares mad Hidden beneath my bed, Or green and purple kites you'd like To toss above one’s head. Kingfisher might have said, I guess, When you were stirring up the creeks, That I’d run off with all the cress, Enough to last for weeks and weeks. There’s something you are looking for— Shaking my casement glass, Beating the vines against my door— Or otherwise you’d pass. “There are no royal roads to learn- ing but there are many roads.” When Selectin ga School 1. Consider well 2. Choose wisely KITTRELL COLLEGE offers exceptional advantages. *, ple cs 2, ~— — ~e STANDARD COLLEGE THEOLOGICAL TEACHER TRAINING AND COMMERCIAL COURSES 2, o- —- at Write for bulletin. G. A. EDWARDS, President KITTRELL, N. C. oger Williams University | The Seat of Christian Education Since 1866 ¥ 1 NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE STANDARD GRAMMAR Dept. Music HicH ScHOoOoL SCIENCE COLLEGE COMMERCE NorMAL LITERATURE RELIGION Lowest Rates and Excellent Oppor- tunities for Self-help Competent Faculty Representing Leading Universities in United States. CHARACTER BUILDING PuysIcAL DEVELOPMENT MIND TRAINING For further information write L. R. W. JoHNson, Acting President Teachers Wanted Session 1927 Teachers: Have you considered carefully the business side of your profession? Are you a member of the Interstate Colored Teacher’s Agency? 501 NORTH THIRD ST., RICHMOND, VA. IF NOT, JOIN We find positions for you in any state you desire. Register at once. Don’t delay. J. H. Blackwell, Ph.D., Manager THE CrisIs I Cc ( s ‘ ( t TT ’

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EpwarRD WATERS COLLEGE JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA leeches”, - - + ~* heme of Beautiful Florida For students unable to stand the rigors of a Northern winter. Grammar School, Junior High School, Senior High School, Normal School, School of Theology, Music, Commercial Courses, College Courses leading to B.A. Degree, Manual Training, Domes- tic Science and Art, Band, Military Training for men, Physical .education for women. Albert B. Cooper, President Bishop John Hurst, Chairman Board of Trustees Hartshorn Memorial College RICHMOND, VA. “In the Center of Things’’ A college with a great past and a great future. The only college situated in the center of the eastern states which is offering separate education to young women. Hartshorn has College, High School and Grammar School departments. Christian living and Christian train- ing are emphasized. SEND FOR CATALOG. Address President DAVID G. MULLISON Samuel Huston College AUSTIN, TEXAS Recognized as a Class A Four-Year College by the State Department of Education, a nationally known accrediting agency. “Tt is the strategic location of the whole South, the gateway to unborn millions.” The Capital of the State. A school vitalized by splendid tradition but which faces the future. The quarter system. Expenses reasonable. Intensive Summer Session. For further information address: T. R. DAVIS, President or THE REGISTRAR Florida Normal and Collegiate Institute (The Ancient City of Sunshine Land) Junior HicH SENior Hicu TEACHER TRAINING Junior CoLLEce Courses For further information address NATHAN W. COLLIER, Pres. FRATERNAL HOospPITAL ScHooL of NURSING 42 Dorsey Street MONTGOMERY, ALA. SCIENTIFIC and professional course to women between 19-35 years of age, with High School education or its equivalent. For information write Superintendent of Nurses. March, 1927 ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA Pre-MEDICAL AND VOCATIONAL CouRSES The Baby Lambkins and Mother Sheep (An Early March Morning) HE baby lambkins and mother sheep Trot by the little streams, Over the earth all white with frost, Twinkling with soft sunbeams. Where are you leading all those lambs? Tell us, sheep mother, please. Off to a frozen stubble feast Under some leafless trees? Yet brisk and happy, on you prance Downhill this morning early. These streams so blue must make you glad, So must the skies all pearly. Along the Color Line (Continued from page 17) @ The 8th annual convention of the Delta Sigma Theta sorority was held in Cincinnati, Ohio. Ethel LaMay Calimese of Cincinnati, Ohio, was elected President and L. Beatrice Mor- ton, also of Cincinnati, was elected Sec- retary. Among the outstanding features of this convention was a radio program given by the sorority. Dorothy Pelham Beckley of Washington, D. C., the out- going President, spoke on the ideals of the sorority as embodied in high scholarship, noble womanhood and worth-while achievement. An appro- priation was made in response to the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History whose purpose is to study the Negro’s contribution to civilization. The next meeting will be held in Washington. @ The Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority held in its 9th annual Boulé in Colum- bus, Ohio. Pauline Sims-Puryear of Petersburg, Virginia, was re-elected Basileus and Ruth Weatherless of Washington, D. C., was re-elected Grammateus. The regular national scholarship of $1000 is to be offered for 1927. There is to be a special meeting during the summer of 1928 in Cali- fornia. The next meeting will be held in Chicago, Illinois. WEST AFRICA @ There is a report of racial troubles from the island of S. Thomé, West Africa, in connection with the election of members of the Supreme Colonial Council. @ Fourah Bay College, the first Uni- versity in West Africa, recently cele- brated its centenary. The program in- cluded a public welcome to deputations from England and visitors from other Colonies, convocation, conferences and spor‘s. @ Tufuhin of Besease, Chief of Gomoa Brofu of the central province The Lincoln Hospital and Home Training School for urses in the city of New York offers to young colored women a three years’ course of instruction in nursing. Capacity of hospital—420 beds Post Graduate Course of six months to graduates of accredited schools. For information apply to: Superintendent of Nurses MISS S. J. FORD Lincoln Hospital and Home New York, N. Y. BREWER Hosp!ta and NursE TRAINING SCHOOL Greenwood, S. C. Auspices American Missionary Association New York A hospital strictly modern in de- sign and equipment. Healthful loca- tion. Efficient corps of instructors. For further information, address Pauline E. Dinkins, M. D., Medical Director Burrell Memorial Hospital Training School for Nurses ROANOKE, VA. mona eaieecdin ae State accredited. Three year course in general nursing. 50 bed hospital. Free tuition, board and room, text- books, uniforms; also monthly cash allowance. Ideal location, 1,000 feet above sea level. High School gradu- ates given preference. %———_ — -—-- ~~~ Write to, Ethel M. Bigham, R. N. Supt. of Nurses % The Peoples’ Hospital 3447 Pine Blvd., St. Louis, Mo. WANTED: Young women to take Nurse training. One year high school required. All ap- plications addressed to the Hospital. This is an accred- ited school. Jas. C. Bussell, Pres. Dr. E. S. Bailey, Sec’y. The Dailey Hospital and Cenioramn 3736-40 S. Michigan Boulevard saeed aod tee Dees eee ek Deas A completely equipped institution for the diagnosis and treatment of Medical and Surgical cases. Thor- oughly trained staff. Home atmosphere. Rates as reasonable as consistent with first-class service. Address all communications tn U. G. DAILEY, M.D., Surgeon-in-Chief.

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BE K AS K SS FINE CLOTHES TO THE , JEW _ LANGSTON * HUGHE/ A NEW BOOK | OF POEMS By the Author of THE WEARY BLUES The cut reproduced above is the jacket design by Aaron Dougles for Langston Hughes’ eagerly awaited second book of poems. The new book differs from The Weary Blues in that the majority of the poems are in folk-song forms: Blues, Spiritu- als, etc., a great many of which have already been set to music. The collection also contains Mulatto and Brass Spittoons. $2.00 at all bookstores (or from THE CRISIS) Alfred A. Knopf New York 730 Fifth Ave. Rooks The MARKET PLACE Address THE CRISIS 1. For sale: Four hundred acres in Michigan for a sum- mer resort. Three buildings. In view of Lake Michigan. 2. A graduate (A.B.) of an eastern college in biology wants a position next year. 3. Wanted to buy: Quest of the Silver Fleece— Du Bois—2 copies. The House Behind the Ce- dars—Chesnutt—2 copies. Autobiography of an Ex- Colored Man—Johnson—3 copies. The Band of Gideon and other Poems — Cotter — 2 copies. 4. A graduate of a _ western university (A.B.) wishes to teach English, modern lan- guages and education in high school or college. KRIGWA, 1927 af je Tue Crisis Magazine is offer- ing prizes in Literature and Art for the year 1927 amounting to more than Two Thousand Dollars. All entrants must be of Negro descent. All matter entered for these prizes must be in THE Crisis office on or before June 15, 1927. The awards will be announced October 24, 1927. All persons who propose to enter the contest must send a stamped addressed envelope for entry blanks. The remarkable record of our growth evidences the character of the SERVICE we render. LET US SERVE YOU THE STANDARD LIFE INSURANCE COMPA VY OF MISSOURI Home Office 2803 Pine Boulevard St. Louis, Mo. of Eshon Weldu, is dead. He was the spokesman of the Aborigines Rights Protection Society when the Colonial Office Delegation visited in 1925. @ Among the recent appointments to the Legislative Council of Gold Coast for one year are A. W. Kojo Thomp- son of Accra, E. J. Brown of Cape Coast, G. A. Grant of Sekondi and Nana Ofori Atta of the Western Province. @ The announcement has been made that the English Government has de- cided to disband the West Indian Regi- ment which has been doing service on the West Coast for the last hundred years. LIBERIA @ C. D. B. King has been nominated to serve a third term as President of Miss Myrna H. Moore (Page 16) Liberia. Superintendent A. N. Yancy of Cape Palmas has been nominated for Vice-President. @ A Spanish air squadron en route to the Spanish possession of Fernando Po landed recently in Monrovia to pay a visit to President King. @ The Loan Agreement between the Liberian Government and a group of New York bankers has been ratified by the Liberian Legislature. The loan, which is $5,000,000, will be used to carry out certain public works. @ About four thousand men are being employed by The Firestone Company at their various stations throughout Liberia. It is reported that Mr. Fire- stone will train a local clerical force. @ An arbitration convention for the settlement of disputes between Liberia and the United States has been ratified by both Governments. THE Crisis

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Quino Home Treatments For Your Hair and for Your Face 1 Grower, 1 Presser, 1|1 Vanishing Cream, 1 Shampoo, Value $1.25, 1 | Complexion Soap, 1 Skin Free Rouge, sent for $1. tifler, 1 Face Pow- Free Advise on Bad | der, value $1.25. 1 Free Scalps. Talc. All for $1. GANTT QUINO BEAUTY SCHOOL, Nashville, Tenn. March, 1927

EAST AFRICA @A Nyasaland judge sentenced a native to three years hard labor for taking into the country copies of the Workers Herald. This native paper is edited at Johannesburg by Clement Kadalie, National Secretary of the non- European Labour Movement in South Africa. @ Elections for the European, Indian and Arab seats in the legislature of Kenya took place in January. No na- tives are represented. @A Kenya election manifesto asks for the union of Kenya, Tanganyika, Uganda and Nyasaland and, in the future, the two Rhodesias. @ In Uganda the Butaka land dis- pute has attracted much attention. The peasants declare their land sacred and ursalable, but the land lords, with the English behind them, have distributed much of the land and now the Eng- lish “refuse to intervene”’. THE SUDAN @ The English have recommended to the King of Egypt the appointment of Sir John L. Maffey as the Governor- General of the Sudan. @ Osman Abu Bakr Digna, the famous Sudanese leader, who led the rebellion against England in 1883 as the right hand of the Mahdi, is dead. He has been imprisoned since the battle of Fashoda in 1899. @ Gordon Memorial College is the center of native education in the Sudan. It is a secondary and industrial school for boys, run on the plan of the English public school. There is a girl’s training college at Omdurmans. The annual meeting of the trustees of Gor- don College has just been held in London. SOUTH AFRICA @ A representative body known as the Joint Council of the Europeans and Natives, under the chairmanship of Howard Pim, has been sitting to con- sider native bills introduced into Par- liament. They are especially condemn- ing the recent Land Bill. @ The industrial and commercial union, a gigantic trade union with a membership of nearly 50,000, has been organized in South Africa. a Kadalie, the leader of this trade union, has been arrested by the Govern- ment and natives and Indians are unit- ing for his defense. @ Portugal has announced that none of her colonies is going to be ex- changed or sold. @ Stone implements have been discov- ered in the Zuzuland high veld which proves the existence of six different PIERS Your Choice — $100 Professional MO- TION PICTURE Camera or Profes- sional View Camera __ Be a Motion Picture Cameraman, Portrait, News or Commercial Photographer. Big money in all branches. Hundreds of positions now open pay $75 to $250 a week. Easy, fas- cinating work. Big Money in Photography In your spare time at home you can quickly qualify for a big paying posi- tion and you get your choice of these standard professional cameras abso- lutely FREE. Instruction also given ‘ in our great New York studios. Write for FREE BOOK Send name and address for big, new, illustrated book on professional pho- tography. Explains amazing op- portunities. Write for your copy to- night! New York Institute of Photography Dept. 35 10 West 33rd St., N. Y. City Badges, Banners, Lodge Regalia For all lodge and church societies Mention name of organization CENTRAL REGALIA CO. 641 W. vane ao ine << ti, Ohio Patents Trade-marks Copyrights All countries. Easy Terms. Advice free. Booklet free. H. J. SANDERS 11 Rand McNally Bhig. CHICAGO, ILL. EARN In your spare time taking orders for our distinctive Calling T Cards, Business Cards, Fraternal EX RA Cards, Monogrammed Stationery, . etc. Good pay; big demand ev- MONEY erywhere. Attractive selling out- fit furnished. Orders filled promptly and sent postpaid. Write for samples and agents’ terms. Tue House or CHOwWNING 627 CLEVELAND Ave. InDIANAPOLIsS, IND, DEAR READER: S there a CRISIS agent selling single copies in your community? If so will you help in- crease his sales? If there is no agent in your community can you recommend some reliable person or persons who could serve us in this capacity? Our terms to agents are liberal. Address: THE CRISIS.

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VirGINIA NorMAL AND INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE (The A. and M. College) PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA Classed as an “‘A’’ College by an Accrediting Agency. THE COLLEGE OFFERS: A carefully selected group of commercial teachers. Eight College Curricula leading to eight dis- tinct lines of achievement. Four Normal School Curricule. Five Curricula in the major trades. . A Vocational Curriculum in Agriculture. An accredited high school Curriculum. A_ well-organized mus'c school. Well equipped laboratories. A modern organization of the College Com- munity. A wholesome religious environment. A high grade of work at moderate expense. Fer further information write to JOHN M. GANDY, President State Agricultural and Mechanical Institute NORMAL, ALABAMA Founded by Dr. William H. Councill Situated among the oaks and cedars of the Alleghanies. An ideal school site. High School, College, Agricul- ture, Home Economics, Trades, Nurs- ing, Commercial and Music courses. No tuition. Moderate board. Fifty-third session begins SEPTEMBER, 1927 T. R. PARKER, President Che Cardinal Gibbons Institute RIDGE, ST. MARY’S COUNTY, MARYLAND A school for Negro young men and wo- men of character and purpose. Course of Junior High School grade offered for the coming year. General Mechanics, Agriculture and Do- mestic Science are taught in parallel courses. Living conditions simple, healthful, well- supervised. For further information, address Victor H. Daniel, Principal, Ridge, Maryland Fessenden Academy (UNpeR THE AUSPICES OF THE AMER- ICAN MIssIoNARY ASSOCIATION) A school of superior ideals. Away from the noise and distraction of city life. 200 Acres of land; new boys’ dormitory. new dining hall, 8 buildings; 20 teachers, 300 students, electric Hghts, steam heat, modern plumbing with running water. COLLEGE PREPARATORY, TEACHER TRAINING OF TWO YEARS ABOVE 12TH GRADE, Music, Domestic ScIENCE AND Art, Manvat TRAINING. For further information or reservations, write Principal, J. M. Moore, FESSENDEN, FLA. WANTED EVERYWHERE Goed Aute Mechanics, ne. Carpenters, Cooks, Seamstresses. Typ itenegraphers, Bookkeepers. Downin gtown Industrial and Agricultural School DOWNINGTOWN, PA. (Under the Supervision of the Pennsyl- vania Department of Public Instruction.) SPECIALIZES in training good workers and good citizens and offers to boys and girls over thirteen years of age Healthy Climate Outside of City Faculty of College-trained Teachers Junior and Senior High Schooi Courses Properly Supervised Athletic and Social Recreation For further information write J. H. N. WARING, JR. Principal EIGHT OUT OF TEN MAKE GOOD! E(GHTY per cent of Bordentown’s gradu- ates are engaged in some line of skilled employment. A record of training that is provedly worth while. State of New Jersey Manual Training and Industrial School BORDENTOWN offers the following advantages to colored youth Thorough Vocational Instruction Recognized High School Work Broad Athletic Program and Outdoor Life For information address W. R. VALENTINE, Principal W hat is your brain-capital? Divide your personal yearly salary or earn- ings (mental-capital interest) by 6 per cent and that will give you your mental capital. THE STENOGRAPHERS’ INSTITUTE popularly known as S DUNCAN’S BUSINESS SCHOOL can incorporate active human minds with the capi- talization of a business education that will enable their mental powers to earn real cash dividends. Let us incorporate your mind with a knowledge of ———. typewriting, bookkeeping, filing and busi- ness law. i i i i i SPRING TERM BEGINS APRIL 4, 1927 Write EDWARD T. DUNCAN, Principal 1227 S. 17th St. PHILADELPHIA, PA. A: PLAY Sac aes GIVES more taughs and puts more cash into the Treasury than any Entertainment that a Church or Club can have. Everybody likes to attend the Slabtown District Convention It is a scream and at the same time it is Sense— Because it teaches a number of good lessons. GET IT AND GIVE IT—PRICE 500 Miss Nannie H. Burroughs Author and Publisher LINCOLN HEIGHTS WASHINGTON, D. C. LOUIS KRAMER -:-:- anpDestme 205 E. 85th STREET NEW YORK, N. Y. YORKVILLE BANK BUILDING The HOUSE RELIABLE for Old Master Violins, Violas, Cellos and Bows NB Sething is more difficult than to satisfy the individual taste of the artist NB e or pro ssional. Our constant growth and ever-increasing number of dis- tinguished clients prove best our ability to satisfy even the most particular! Srupent’s Outrits From $15.00 uP Att Saces GuarRaNnTEED oR Money REFUNDED SSS! INSTRUMENTS ARTISTICALLY REPAIRED Write ror CaTaLoc cultures in the stone age. Some of them were twenty-four feet below the surface. GENERAL @ An International Institute of Af- rican Languages and Cultures has been formed in London with representatives of the learned societies of France, Bel- gium, Italy, Germany, Austria and Sweden and leading missionary so- cieties. Sir Frederick Lugard is chair- man of the Executive Council. Among other persons interested are Professor Alice Verner, J. H. Oldham and Dr. D. Westermann. @ A memorial to William Wilber- force, the great emancipator, has been unveiled at Wimbledon, England. @ A West Indian conference has been held at the Moses Chambers of the House of Lords, London. The mem- bership was selected by the English Government. EUROPE @ The four oppressed minority groups in the United States to be represented at the Brussels Conference are the Negroes, the Central Americans, the Chinese and the Hindus. There will also be representatives from Mexico, Cuba, Porto Rico, Venezuela and Peru. The Far Horizon (Continued from page 22) Indians speak and write English puts to shame the average Englishman in his rendering of the language of a country other than his own, the new constructive Socialist review, the “London Weekly”, sensibly remarks that those who have heard Tagore, Lord Sinha, Mr. Shastri, the Maharaja of Alwar and other not- able Indians address meetings have been lost in admiration of their fluency and correctness, the impression being en- hanced by the natural dignity—and some- times the vivacity—of the lecturers. “That certain queer phrases have crept into, and apparently remain rooted in the language as spoken by some Indians less highly trained, is hardly remarkable, and we need not take more notice of it than we do of the rather amusing spelling in certain Indian papers. The interesting fact is that we can converse with our visitors from India with perfect ease— a great help to understanding—and gen- erally with much enlightenment, be it said.” I beg leave to move that the word “African” be substituted for “Indian” in the foregoing and then to be allowed to hail the sentiment with cheers. London, England, West Africa. THE WHITE MAN’S BURDEN I suggest that the first question to be asked is what is the European doing in West Africa? and that it is best in an- swering the question to be frank. We went there, and are there today, to keep other Europeans out, because the coun- THE Crisis — oe eee Le oe oot Of 6 |e

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tries making up British West Africa are considered sufficiently valuable to justify the expenditure of life, money and ef- fort. Civilization, religion, education, are all secondary considerations; were there not a large population and vast, wealthy countries at stake, there would be neither men nor money coming from Europe for work in West Africa. . . . If, then, it be conceded that the Euro- pean is in West Africa for the good of Europe, and, let us even admit, of Africa and the world generally, is there any spe- cial virtue attached to the individual who goes there? The reply to this must be in the negative, for I do not propose to take into account the comparative few who believe they go to West Africa from purely idealistic motives. I say “believe” purposely, for there is no power on earth so strong as self-deception. My reason for asking this question is that a large proportion of the Europeans I met in West Africa appeared to be under the impression that they accomplished a kind of sacrifice in going there; even if not for West Africa’s good, then the act was a self-immolation on the altar of the Brit- ish Empire. “Service” in London West Africa. THE FUTURE COLOR LINE The African World, London, re- ports a South African speech: The place which the black races are to take in the future development of the world was the subject of an important lecture by Professor Edgar H. Brookes, of the Transvaal University College, which he delivered at the Workers’ Hall, Johannesburg, to a mixed audience of natives and Europeans. “Sheer weight of numbers demands that the non-white races should have a big say, not only in their own govern- ment, but in the government of the world”, said Professor Brookes at one stage of his lecture. The non-white races were pressing forward their claim to a greater share of the world’s surface, and the world grew smaller every day, and South Africa was not cut off from the rest of the world. “The way in which the world solves its color prob- lem,” said the Professor, “must be the way in which South Africa will solve her problem.” Professor Brookes urged that the natives should strive to be worthy of equal rights. They should de- serve success, even though they could not command it. The natives should not re- sort to violence, for they would assuredly be beaten. Professor Brookes said that at present the black man was definitely inferior to the white man. Despite that fact the white people had no right to withhold from the non-white races the opportunity to show whether they could rival them. If science could prove that the black races were permanently incapable of be- ing civilized, then the whites would be justified in treating the native races as subordinate peoples. There was but lit- tle doubt, however, that individual mem- bers of the black races were capable of beating the white man at his own work, March, 1927 Hampton Institute Hampton, Virginia TEACHERS COLLEGE ScHoo, oF AGRICULTURE—four-year_ course leading to degree of Bachelor of Science. ScHoot or Epucation-—four-year high-school teacher’s course leading to degree o Bachelor of Science; and two two-year courses for primary, intermediate and upper-grade teachers, Scuoo.. ork Home Economics—four-year course leading to degree of Bachelor of Science; and two-year course. Summer ScHoo. For TEACHERS—courses leading to degree of Bachelor of Science and State Certificates, SCHOOL OF BUSINESS Offers four-year course leading to degree of Bachelor of Science and two-year course —aims to prepare men and women for business positions or to teach business subjects. LIBRARY SCHOOL Offers one-year, professional course—aims to prepare librarians for normal schools, colleges and branch libraries in city sys- tems. TRADE SCHOOL Offers (our-s00s course leading to degree of Bachelor of Science; and two year course—aims to train skilled builders. FACTS Enrollment, including practice and summer school and classes for teachers in ser- vice, 2,251; graduates. 2,753; and ex- students, over 8,800. JAMES E. GREGG, Principal The TUSKEGEE NORMAL and INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE Agricultural and Technical College of North Carolina AT GREENSBORO An “A” Grade College An Agricultural Department Courses leading to degree of B.S. in Agri- culture. ¥ A Technical Department Courses leading to the degree of B.S. in Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engi- neering and Architectural Engineering. A Science Department Courses leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science. A Department of Education Courses leading to the degree of B.S. in Education, for the training of Vocational Teachers. A Trade Department Offering the following trades: Bricklaying, rennin Carpentry, Cabinet Making, Automobile Mechanics, Machine Shop Prac- tice, Tailoring, Shoe Making and Repairing, Plumbing, Electricity, Forging. A Standard Technical High School A High School which prepares students for College and for Vocations. A Strong Business Department Courses in Shorthand, Typewriting, Book- keeping, Commercial Law. MODERN EQUIPMENT SPLENDID LOCATION MODERATE EXPENSES FALL TERM BEGINS SEPT. 15, 1927 For further information, address F. D. BLUFORD, President A. & T. COLLEGE Greensboro, N. C. = Founded by Dr. Booker T. WASHINGTON Offers Exceptional Opportunities to Negro Youth for Thorough Education in High School and College Courses and in Agriculture, Mechanical Industries and in Industries for Women. THE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANI- + FOUR-YEAR COLLEGE COURSES CAL INDUSTRIES for Boys comprises forty trades including Carpentry, Brick- laying, Auto-Mechanics, Applied Electric- ity, Photography, Printing, Machine Shop Practice and Tailoring. THE WOMAN’S INDUSTRIES include Home Economics — Courses in Foods, Clothing, Millinery, Applied Art, Launder- ing, Household Management in addition to Home Crafts and Ladies’ Tailoring. THE AGRICULTURAL DEPART- MENT with 2,000 acres of land offers a comprehensive four-year course in Second- ary Agriculture and a full four-year col- lege course in Advanced Agriculture to train young men and women as Farm Demonstration and Home Demonstration Agents, Teachers of Agriculture and as Scientific Farmers. TWO-YEAR COLLEGE COURSES are offered in Education for the training of Teachers in Elementary Schools, for Teachers of Mechanical Industries and in Business Training. Robert R. Moton, Principal | - i leading to the Bachelor of Science degree are offered in Agriculture and in Home Economics. THE BIBLE TRAINING SCHOOL offers courses in Theological Training and Christian Service for Active Pastors, Sun- day School Workers and Candidates for the Ministry, including a Summer School for Ministers for five weeks beginning July 6th. THE JOHN A. ANDREW MEMO- RIAL HOSPITAL and Nurse Training School provides a three-year course in Nurse Training which qualifies its gradu- ates for registration in all southern states. A SUMMER SCHOOL FOR TEACH- ERS, of ten_weeks, divided into two terms, beginning June Ist and meeting the re- quirements of the Boards of Education of all southern states. Location Unsurpassed Information furnished upon application William H. Carter, Treasurer TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE, ALABAMA TRAINING OF KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS ATLANTA UNIVERSITY Professional Course of Two Years Address Atlanta University, Atlanta, Ga. St. Mary’s School An Episcopal boarding school for girls, under the direction of the sisters of St. Mary. Address: THE SISTER-IN-CHARGE, 6138 Germantown Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa.

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For codon and application blank address: JOHN J. MULLOWNEY, M.D., President of Meharry Medical HOWARD UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON, D. C. Founded by General O. O. Howard a) MORDECAI W. JOHNSON, S.T.M., D.D., President EMMETT J. SCOTT, A.M., LL.D., Secretary-Treasurer Purpose TT O provide the Twelve Million Colored People of the United States with College-trained and Professional Leaders through its Courses in the Arts, the Sciences, in Education, Public Health and Hygiene, Music, Engineering, Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Religion and Law. Students May Enter for Collegiate Work at the Beginning of Any Quarter SOC TIES oo sh ong. sn ose vadersieaeeae March 19, 1927 Renigtastion: URE RONNIE, 5. ios os augonb on enl June 20, 21, 22, 1927 gis Gt ae eee ree ee Sept. 26, 27, 28, 1927 SR NOE, dds ocbepeve ct oeeeteesee January 3, 4, 1928 FOR CATALOG AND INFORMATION WRITE: F. D. WILKINSON, Registrar Washington, D. C. HOWARD UNIVERSITY The NORTH CAROLINA COLLEGE for NEGROES Formerly the Durham State Normal School OFFERS THE FOLLOWING COURSES 1. THE LIBERAL ARTS COURSE Leading to the A. B. Degree and offering sufficient work in Secondary Education to enable students to secure High School Teachers’ Cer- tificates, Class A, and High School Principals’ Certificates at the com- pletion of the course. 2. THE SCIENTIFIC COURSE Leading to the B. S. Degree. 3. THE PRE-MEDICAL COURSE A two-year pre-medical course preparing students for entrance into medical colleges will be given. 4. SPECIAL COURSES IN COMMERCE AND MUSIC ————_ +o + —__—_ The faculty consists of men and women from the best colleges and universities in the country and meets the requirements of the North Carolina College Con- ference. FOR CATALOG AND FURTHER INFORMATION ADDRESS: Tue NortH Caro_ina CoLLEGE For N&GROES JAMES E. SHEPARD resident DURHAM, N. C. A CLASS **A‘ Meharry Medical College -:-:- “Stfict" with departments Training ALL DEPARTMENTS RECENTLY REORGANIZED bee, ie ou) Cee wok nnd for pone © Be PaaS Sie St try uation from a four years’ High School or Normal School req ‘or admission the Departments of Pharmacy and Nurse Training. THERE IS AN ESPECIALLY GREAT DEMAND FOR OUR DENTI College, NASHVILLE, TENN. but whether it was true of the race as a whole only time would show. “Three out of every four of the citi- zens of the British Empire were In- dians,” said Prof. Brookes. It was not a white Empire, but it was an Empire based on white supremacy. Numerical superiority demanded that the non-white races should have a big say in their own government. ‘They were pressing for- ward this claim, which they must achieve by developing themselves to such a point that no man could possibly deny it. Referring to the Native Bills, Prof. Brookes said that one point in their favor was that for the first time both the white races of South Africa, the English and Dutch, had combined to say that there must be in Parliament representatives of the natives. This was a significant and encouraging beginning, but with good leaders and by developing their own re- sources the black races could get more. What to Read (Continued from page 20) natives. The issues between the whites and the colored and the Asiatics are not serious. The colored peoples are regarded as European and the immi- gration of the Asiatic has been com- pletely stopped since 1913 by the Im- migrants Regulation Act. The real issue is with the native. Current History for February asks “Is America an Idealistic Nation?” The fact is brought out that slavery was an economic question and not one of sympathy and idealism. In the same number Franz Boaz exposes “Fallacies of Racial Inferior- ity’. Mr. Boaz writes of the effect of intermarriage and racial heredity, selec- tion and physique, the influence of en- vironment and fallacious intelligence tests and attacks almost every “Anglo- Saxon” idea of racial inferiority. In The Living Age for February 1, Pedro d’Alba writes on Mexico and . Nicaragua. ‘The article first appeared in the Universal, a Mexican independ- ent daily and presents the present diff- culties of the United States, Mexico and Nicaragua from the . Mexican standpoint. Mr. D’Alba says that the press of the United States and the pres- ent rulers of Nicaragua are untruthful when they accuse Mexico of organizing military expeditions. Leland Hall writes in Harper’s for February a vivid description of the virulent drowsiness of the Sahara des- ert under the title, “Salt Comes to Timbuctoo”. Rudolph Fisher scores another suc- cess in his story, ‘““The Promised Land”, which appears in the Atlantic Monthly for January. It is a well-written hu- man interest tale of a small southern Negro family which, after its transplan- tation to Harlem and its subsequent financial and moral emancipation, finds: happiness and grief and forgetfulness. Tue Crisis: i a oe ~ = ae ae” ai. 6. cae ee or ee ee —— a as

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7 = i wey Ff -_ Winter HE Artist who paints the land- A. scape of Manhattan has shown a divine sense of beauty this winter. His grey and dun fall whitened for Christmas and then in January reveled in an old-fashioned snow-+torm.. The wind wailed and howled; the frost nipped and the snow swirled into great curved drifts. The thaw was balmy and less dirty than usual and then again of a sudden one night all the world was done in glistening silver —trees and walks and clouds. Then came the rain, the dark, warm, slow rain with soft grey fold on fold. I know the golden sun of West Africa at Christmas time and the warm blue of California. But I think Manhat- tan in its canyons was very beautiful this winter. The Children’s Bureau MERICAN Negroes ought to support in every possible way the continuation and broadening of the Children’s Bureau in the United States Department of Labor at Wash- ington. During 1926 nearly a mil- lion babies and children under school age and one hundred eighty thousand expectant mothers were reached by ef- forts carried on in forty-three states in co-operation with this Bureau. The Maternity and Infancy Act through which Federal aid is given to states for improving the health of mothers and children was passed in 1921 for five years and a bill extending it two years has passed the house and is before the Senate. It would be a calamity if this bill should fail. Pickens’ Progress HE work of William Pickens dur- ing his short stay in Europe has been astonishing for its variety and in- fluence. Birmingham, England, was “delighted with William Pickens”; Manchester says that “he spoke well and answered questions better”; Bris- tol pronounces his visit an unqualified success. He carried through an extra- ordinary program of forty-one meet- ings in England during seventeen days, traveling 3,756 miles. In Berlin, Ger- March, 1927 Poser Du Pore many, he spoke in the former House of Peers and was reported at length in the daily press; in Russia, Mr. Pickens talked with President Kalinin, with Trotsky, Srednik and others. In Bel- gium, he helped in the organization of the Congress of the League Against Colonial Oppression which convened in February. This Congress was attend- ed by representatives of nearly all the oppressed peoples and Mr. Pickens was put in general charge of the Negroes of the world. This journey by a rep- resentative of the N. A. A. C. P. has been a triumphal progress and has done much to make known the situation of American Negroes to the world. Lincoln, Fisk and Howard EGULAR readers of Tue Crisis could scarcely have misunder- stood our reference to Lincoln Univer- sity under “liabilities” in the annual “Black Man’s Balarice”. We had of course reference to the indictment so ably expressed by one of Lincoln’s greatest graduates in the August Crisis, 1926, in which reference is made to an editorial in the May Crisis. It is gratifying to know that the quiet persistent fight by the Lin- coln alumni is bringing change and that the new president takes his chair with their approval and consert. Fisk which we listed in the same sense as a “liability” in January, 1925, is moving forward under its new pro- gressive president. We learn that “the General Education Board, the Carnegie Corporation, the American Missionary Association, Paul Cravath and other friends of Fisk University have agreed to give $214,000 toward helping Fisk out of debt, meet its current expenses for this year, do a minimum of repairs to the build- ings and thus secure the million dol- lars of endowment subscribed two years ago. “This $214,000 is given conditional- ly on our raising $100,000 from the colored people of America and their friends.” Here is the time for every Fiskite and every forward looking black to give “’til it hurts”. The sincerity of our demand for rights and reform can only be proven by our willingness to help bear the burden of its cost. Happy Howard! It has no news these days. It is just educating youth. A New Civil War HAVE always believed that when the definite open split between lib- eral and bourbon came in the South, the day of real emancipation for black and white slaves would dawn. The recent speech of Edwin Mims of Van- derbilt University brings this inevitable rupture nearer. This is the way Mims describes the two divisions of the South: A. The South represented by Blease and Vardaman Lynching The Ku Klux Klan Ecclesiastical demagogues op- posing evolution, etc. B. The South represented by Glass and Underwood Opposition to lynching under “any and all circumstances” Repudiation of the Ku Klux Klan and help for “every race and creed”, This latter South is the South that is fighting “for economic efficiency, for 33 i t H t i bg i @ Se a ALT REA NN Ps

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widespread intelligence, for the right of criticism, for freedom of thought and for genuine nationalism”. We could choose better representa- tives of the best South, to our mind, and a more definite fighting slogan, but for the word above we are devoutly thankful. Prizes HE CRISIS does not for a mo- ment over-estimate prize-giving as an encouragement to human effort. Such plans always have many serious drawbacks; they emphasize the money motive for writing among young per- sons to whom the Will to Create ought to be more than sufficient; they give rise almost inevitably to a scramble for place and envy of success and especially they encourage often an undue forcing of the creative process. On the other hand, there is no doubt but many young colored people are writing today who have been encour- aged to do so by the many prizes re- cently offered. But the good done them and the evident increase in the quantity and quality of Negro Ameri- can Literature is probably to be meas- ured not so much by the accomplish- ment of the prize winners, as by the encouragement to many who received no prizes. It is probably true that most of the world’s greatest writers never won a literary prize. But doubtless many of them were first brought to a realization of their ability to write by trying unsuccessfully at first to create Literature and by hearing of the suc- cess of others. In our distribution this year of over $2,000 in prizes for work in Literature and Art, we have espe- cially in mind those who are going to try to write even more than those who are going to win. Bishops NE can easily see the progress that the American Negro has made in the last ten years. Much less than a generation ago if prominent Negroes had been excluded from a Washington banquet it would have been deemed wise to say nothing concerning the in- cident, or even to have submitted to segregation. Today we have a so- called “National Citizens Committee of One Thousand for Law Enforce- ment and Law Observance” insulting four black Bishops through Carlton N. Sherwood by asking them not to come to the banquet but to attend the busi- ness session afterward. These Bishops refused to accept the insult and with- drew from the organization. The ac- tion of the organization was thorough- ly contemptible and its shifting of re- sponsibility even more so. The action 34 of the Bishops deserves praise in every particular. They did not ask to at- tend this banquet. They were invited. They did not fight, vell or make any disturbance. They just stayed away. Liberia E have not the full text of President King’s recent word~- concerning missions. But we would like to point out to those writers who are easily and hastily criticising this decision and the Firestone concession that a more sympathetic attitude to- ward Liberia and her problems would better accord with the facts. Of the great good will back of Christian missions and the spirit of sacrifice no one doubts. Education and sanitation in Africa and Asia owe a great debt to them. On the other hand they have much evil to answer for: they have helped introduce im- perial aggression and harmful trade and ‘they have interfered again and again with blundering ignorance into the delicate internal affairs of nations and peoples they did not understand. When a great rich foreign church es- tablishes in a small poor African land a missionary church and school it can easily come to assume toward the little country an attitude of mastery and dic- tation which is annoying and danger- ous. The American Church in Tur- key and the English Church in China are grave political problems in those countries and if Liberia believes that foreign missions are endangering her stability and advance, then instead of swearing at her and calling her names it would be wiser and more Christian to sit in conference with the Liberians and find out how Christianity could help and not hinder that struggling land. Again there is no warrant for the assumption that the new rubber in- dustry in Liberia is bound to spell dis- aster. Liberia had to have modern in- dustry. Without it the maintenance of her independence in the face of the Modern World was impossible. Her struggle with England, France and Germany was a struggle for adequate capital to support indigenous indus- tries. In that struggle she was cheated of invaluable territory and saddled with unjust debt, but she emerged still in- dependent. Liberia’s financial arrange- ments with Firestone are as equitable as any country could obtain and far better than anything ever offered Li- beria before by any other country. The land is leased and not sold; the power of the government is fully recognized ; the necessary loan for harbor facilities and other developments was secured in the open market and not from the Firestone Company; and disputes are to be settled not py the United States but by the League of Nations. Certain it is that a great over- shadowing corporation like this in a small country is going to wield extra- ordinary power; as great as that of the railroads and steel and oil interests in the United States. Liberia faces the same difficulty of controlling organized wealth as other modern lands with the disadvantage of being a “colored” country; but with the advantage of having two or three million colored voters in the United States who can, if they have sense enough, curb the } Firestone power in case it becomes over-aggressive. Aiken OES America thoroughly realize Aiken? Citizens declared by South Carolina courts of law to be either entirely innocent of crime or of unproven guilt have been openly © murdered by persons well-known to the © public. The authorities so far have re- © fused to indict or arrest these murder- — ers or to make any real inquiry into their guilt. These red-handed assassins walk the streets of Aiken today free, impudent and unafraid. And the city ot Aiken is advertised in the public press as an “attractive” winter resort! What shall we do? tion of the United States guarantees each state “A republican form of gov- % ernment”. Blease, the lynchers’ United States Senator, was elected by less than one-tenth of the qualified voters of the state. The lynchers and the Ku Klux Klan rule the city of Aiken and its county. Is it possible that we the people of © the United States, 120 millions strong, with a great army of 120,000 men and a navy costing $300,000,000 a year; with 47 million Christians in hundreds of thousands of churches; with million- aire Foundations for Uplift, Art and Charity; with missionaries in China, | India and Africa; we who in spotless ~ holiness refuse to recognize Russia and curse the Grand Turk; we who in ab- © solute and impeccable fairness and justice forgive no single foreign debtor a red cent if we can squeeze it from his bankrupt soul; this “Land of the Free and Home of the Brave”, that boasts before God its Fundamental Righteousness—is it possible that in Aiken we can do nothing, nothing, NOTHING? Which contributed article in this number do you like best? Which sec- ond and third best? The articles with most votes will receive, at the end of the year, the Charles Waddell Ches- nutt honoraria. THe Crisis The Constitu- 4

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H ere are Your Favorite Spirit- uals 12390—When the Saints Come Marching Home (Jubilee) and I’m On My Way to grr Land, BoWeavil Jackson. 12371—See the Sign of Judgment and _ Revival | Days, Norfolk Jubilee Quartette. 12388—Yes He Did and | Stop, Look, Listen, C. A. | Tindley Bible Class Sing- | ers. 12356—I’m Gonna Do | All I Can For My Lord | and Jesus, Lay Your Head in the Window, Norfolk Jubilee Quartette. 12073—When All the Saints Come Marching In and That Old Time Re- ligion, Paramount Jubilee Singers. 12035—Father, Prepare Me and My Lord’s Gonna | Move This Wicked Race, Norfolk Jubilee Quartette. 12217—Ezekiel Saw De Wheel and Crying Holy Unto the Lord, Norfolk Jubilee Quartette. 12437—-God So Loved the World and Prayer, Rev. W. A. White. 12416—After A-While | and Baptize Me, Rev. J. | M. Gates. 12396—I Heard the Voice of Jesus and Fight On, Your Time Ain't Long, Biddleville Quin- tette. 12285—Oh Lord, What a Morning and Hand Me Down the Silver Trumpet, Sunset Jubilee Quartette. 12234—Where Shall I Be and I’m Gonna Build Right On Dat Shore, Nor- folk Jubilee Quartette. aramount | iettnalls — the finest music of the greatest artists | VERYBODY likes these fine Paramount spiritual records for their more serious moments. Everybody likes to play these old favorite hymns and inspiring anthems for their own enjoyment and delight of their guests. Paramount is famous for this wonderful music. The best artists in the world have made for Paramount these beautiful tunes that will never grow old. You will enjoy them as much a year from now as you do today. Send No Money! If your dealer is out of the records you want, send us the coupon below. Pay postman 75 cents for each record plus small C.O.D. fee when he delivers records. We pay postage on shipments of two or more records. Tue New York RECORDING LABORATORIES 142 Paramount Building, Port Washington, Wisconsin ST MUU meet ge | Tue New York Kecorpinc LAporatories, 142 Paramount Bldg., Port Washington, Wis. (] Send me the records checked below, 75 cents each. 12390 (1) 12388 () 12073 (] 12217 0 12416 () 12285 12371. LL} C) J J 12396 Name MRE EE F-ck vais ee bs 7

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