The Queries Magazine (March, 1890)

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~ @ fs EW PREMIU Offered by THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. | 7 These premiums are sent only upon the terms stated hereafter. Positively | no deviation. Premiums are sent only after actual receipt of money,and s for subscriptions at the full price of One Dollar per year. Renewals, | (strictly in advance), count same as new subscribers. The full number of subscriptions must be paid for before a premium can be sent, but when it is desired to obtain a premium before all the requisite subscriptions are obtained, the price for same can be remitted, and a due bill will be returned for the unordered subscriptions, and the premium will — be sent at once. . Please give ADDRESSES of subscribers fully and in plain writing; also state separately to what address the premium is to be sent. SEND MONEY by Post Office Money Orders, (an order for less than five dollars costs only five cents,) or by Draft on New York, Buffalo, Boston, Philadelphia or Chicago, (Checks on other cities cannot be received a¢ ar,) or by registered letter. Make all drafts or money orders payable to THE WENBORNE-SUMNER CO., Buffalo, N. Y THE STANDARD POETS. IFTY-THREE volumes, each one complete in itself, bound in_half- fee. ! . leather, gilt back, marble edges, especially adapted: for handy reading andthe library. The regular price is $1.00 per volume. We will furnish, postage prepaid, Any one volume and two subscriptions, for $2.20. 6é sé &é ee three te 6s 3.00. ‘* two volumes, ‘‘ s #2 fh OG, 46 sé ‘6 sé five 6< «6 r oO. ve ‘4 er ‘* seven ra ss oo The following Authors and Works are included in this Series: Aurora Leigh, Browning (Mrs.), Browning (Robert), Bryant, Burns, Byron, Christian Year, Cowper, Dante, Eliot (George), Familiar Quotations, Favorite Poems, Faust (Goethe's), Goethe's Poems, Golden Treasury, Goldsmith, Hemans, Herbert, mF waMawueed L100d, Hugo (Victor), Lliad, Ingoldsby Legends, Jean Ingelow, Keats, Lady of the Scola Lake, Lalla Rookh, Lay of the Last Minstrel, Longfellow, Lucile, Marmion, } 2 . Meredith (Owen), Milton, Moore, Mulock (Miss), Odyssey, Percy's Reliques, Pilgrim's Progress, Pope, Poe, Proctor, Red Letter Poems, Schiller, Scott, Shelley, Southey, Spanish Ballads, Spenser, Tennyson, Thomson, Virgil, White (Kirke), Whittier, Wordsworth. In ordering from the above list, specify HALF RUSSIA EDITION. A FINER AND MORE EXPENSIVE EDITION is offered of the following authors: Aurora Leigh, Browning (Mrs.), Browning (Robert), Bryant (W. C.), Burns, Byron, Christian Year, Eliot (George), Familiar Quotations, Favorite, Faust, Golden Treasury, Goldsmith, Hugo (Victor), Hemans, liad, Ingoldsby Legends, Jean Ingelow, Lady of the Lake, Lalla Rookh, Lay of the Last Minstrel, Longfellow (H. W.) (Early Poems), Lucile, Marmion, Meredith (Owen), Milton, Moore, Odyssey, Percy's Reliques, Poe (Edgar A.) Proctor, Red Letter Poems, Scott, Shakespeare, Shelley, Spanish Ballads, Southey, Tennyson, Whittier (J. G.) (Early Poems), Wordsworth. The books in this edition have GILT EDGES, FULL PADDED LEATHER COVERS, (so agreeable to the touch), embossed ‘in black and gold designs. Each volume boxed. An ornament anywhere. Regular price, $2.00. We will furnish Hage Se Wa ya ueee Any one volume and two subscriptions for $2.75. | Any two volumes and four subscriptions for $5.25. of a3 66 " 66 three 6c “6 3.40. “6 66 66 ce five ‘6 “6 6.00. se 66 66 66 four 66 ‘<é 4.00. sé sé 66 sé eight &¢ me 8.00. SARAH K. BOLTON'S WORKS x of » FAMOUS MEN OF SCIENCE. FAMOUS AMERICAN AUTHORS. FAMOUS AMERICAN STATESMEN, POOR BOYS WHO BECAME FAMOUS. GIRLS WHO BECAME FAMOUS. All with beautifully executed portraits. 12 mo., cloth binding, gilt backs and sides. Regular price, $1.50 each. a We will furnish these books free by mail. Any one volume and two subscriptions for $2.50. a“ r . , 66 a6 ese c¢ three sa 66 3.20. eWeek Ae re Reg ea |: b s sé sé ¢é Six “4 a3 7.00. «6 cs “ 66 eight ce 66 8.00. (For Additional Premiums see Third Page Cover.) | fo a \ + : 2 y od ee : - —

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. VOL. VI. A SHORT STUDY OF ROBERT BROWNING. M. F. BUTTS. - Incomprehensible, obscure, is he? The high is always obscure till we grow to it. There may be wide-open windows all around the room, but none the richer for the out- side isthe baby who creeps upon the carpet. This is not saying that all who do not enjoy Robert Browning’s verse are babies in intel- lect, but that it is better to study for deep and subtle meanings than to lightly skim an obvious page. If the earnest reader now and then loses the clue in the labyrinth of idea and ornament, he soon finds it again, and is led to a point where the simple grandeur sets his heart a-throbbing. Some of Browning’s verse, however, is as limpid as spring-water, and might satisfy all reas- onable likes from a child’s to an angel’s. Thus in the ‘‘Guardian Angel,” a picture seen by the poet in Italy, Browning wishes that he might take the child’s place, and he overshadowed by the angel’s wings: ‘‘Tf this were ever granted I would rest My head beneath thine while thy healing hands Close-covered both my eyes. beside thy breast, Pressing the brain, which too much thought ex- pands, Back to its proper size again, and smoothing Distortion down till every nerve had soothing, And all lay quiet, happy and supprest. ‘* How soon all worldly wrong would be repaired! I think how I should view the earth and skies And see, when once again my brow was bared After thy healing, with such different eyes, O, world as God has made it! all is beauty: And knowing this, is love, and love is duty. - What further may be sought for or declared ?” MARCH, 1890. NO. 3. In ‘‘ Popularity’”’ we love these bold lines: ‘* Stand still true poet that you are, I know you; let me try and draw you. Some night you'll fail us. When afar You rise, remember one man saw you, Knew you, and named a star. ‘*My star, God’s glow-worm! Why That loving hand of His extend which leads you, Yet locks you safe from end to end | Of this dark world, unless he needs you— Just saves your light to spend. ‘‘His clenched hand shall unclose at last I know, and let out all the beauty. My poet holds the future fast, Accepts the coming age’s duty, Their present for this past.” And so on through a parable of a fisher on the sand by old Tyre, who brings up a net-full of live whelks containing Tyrian dye | ‘Enough to furnish Solomon Such hangings for his cedar-house That when gold-robed he took the throne In that abyss of blue, the Spouse Might swear his presence shown.” Yet to the common eye these richly-freighted creatures were ‘Mere conchs! not fit for warp or woof! Till art comes—comes to pound and squeeze And clarify,—refines to proof The liquor filtered by degrees, While the world stands aloof.” Then we have a sarcastic stanza where Hobbs, Nobbs, Stokes and Nokes procure the dye and dilute it to their purpose. Thenceforth / ‘‘Hobbs hints blue,—straight he turtle eats. © _Nobbs prints blue,—claret crowns his cup, Nokes outdares Stokes in azure feats,— Both gorge, who fished the murep up? . What porridge had John Feats?”

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72 THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. And thus Browning justifies himself and the rest who, fishing in deep waters, please not the multitude,—they caring not for ‘*the rough mesh The sea has only just o’er-whispered! Live whelks, the lip’s-beard dripping fresh, As if they still the water’s lisp heard Through foam the rock-weeds thresh.” ‘¢ Evelyn Hope” is so familiar that it need not be quoted, though one of the simplest and sweetest of all Browning’s poems. stinct, too, with the hope and faith that make Browning the great poet; for hope and faith touch the invisible and draw thence origi- nality. | Browning is an ideal lover, as when he writes in a ‘‘Lover’s Journal,” ‘* Oh, what a dawn of day! How the March sun feels like clay! All is blue again After last night’s rain, And the South dries the hawthorn spray! Only my love’s away! I’d as lief that the blue were gray.” In ‘‘Love Among the Ruins” we have lovely flowing lines: ‘* And I know, while thus the quiet-colored eve Smiles to leave | To their folding, all our many-tinkling fleece In such peace, | And the slopes and rills in undistinguished gray Melt away— That a girl with eager eyes and yellow hair Waits me there In the turret, whence the charioteers caught soul _ For the goal When the king looked, where she looks now, breathless, dumb Till I come. * x ce * x ‘‘On heart! oh, blood that freezes, blood that burns! Earth’s returns : For whole centuries of folly, noise and sin! Shut them in With their triumphs and their glories and the rest. Love is best.” In quite a different strain is ‘‘Up ata Villa—-Down in the City”’: ‘‘What of a villa? ZThough winter be overin March by rights "Tis May perhaps ere the snow shall have with- ered well off the heights; | In-~* You’ve the brown plowed land before, where the oxen steam and wheeze, And the hills over-smokea behind by the faint gray olive trees. | ‘Is it better in May, I ask you? You have sum- mer all at once; In a day he leaps complete with a few strong April suns! Mid the sharp short emerald wheat scarce risen three fingers well, The wild tulip atend of its tube blows out its great red bell Like a thin clear bubble of blood for the children to pick and sell. * * % * * * ‘‘Ere opening your eyes in the city the blessed church bells begin; No sooner the bells leave off than the dilligence rattles in; You get pick of the news and it costs younever a pin; é By and by there’s the travelling doctor gives pills, lets blood, draws teeth; Or the Pulcivello-trumpet breaks up the market beneath At the post-office such a scene-picture—the new play piping hot! ~ And a notice how, only this morning, three liberal thieves were shot. Above it behold the Archbishop’s most fatherly of rebukes; And beneath, with his crown and his lion, some little new law of the Duke’s! ‘*But bless you, it’s dear—it’s dear! fowls, wine at double the rate. They have clapped a new tax upon salt, and what oil pays passing the gate It’s a horror to think of. And so the villa for me, not the city! Beggars can scarcely be choosers—but still—ah, the pity, the pity! Look, two and two go the priests, then the monks with cowls and sandals, And the penitents dressed in white, spirits hold- . ing the yellow candles, One he cairies a flag up straight, and anothera cross with handles. And the Duke’s guard brings up the rear for the better prevention of scandals. Bang, whang, whang goes the drum, Jootle-te-tootle the fife. Oh, a day in the city-square, there is no such pleasure in life.” In ‘‘Instans Tyrannus” we have this fine conclusion to a poem in which a monarch confesses to being baffled by the meanest of his subjects whom he wishes to be rid of:

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. 73 ‘*When sudden * * * how think ye, the end? Did I say ‘without friend’? Say rather, from marge to blue marge The whole sky grew his targe With the sun’s self for visible boss, While an Arm ran across Which the earth heaved beneath like a breast Where the wretch was safe prest. Do you see? just my vengeance complete The man sprang to his feet, Stood erect, caught at God’s skirts, and prayed! —So, I was afraid.” In ‘‘Saul”’ occurs this fine and suggest- ive passage: ‘‘What, my soul ? see thus far and no farther? when doors great and small Nine-and-ninety flew ope at our touch, should the hundredth appall ? In the least things have faith yet distrust in the greatest of all? Do I find love so full in my nature, God’s ultimate gift, That I doubt his own love can compete with, it ? Here the parts shift ? Here the creature surpasses the Creator, the end what Began ?— Would I fain in my impotent yearning do all this for man, And dare doubt He alone shall not help him, who yet alone can? Would it ever have entered my mind, the bare will, much less power, To bestow on this Saul what I sang of, the mar- vellous dower Of the life he was gifted and filled with? to make such a soul, Such a body, and then such an earth for inspher- ing the whole? And doth it not enter my mind (as my warm tears attest) These good things being given, to goon, and give one more, the best? Ay, to save and redeem and restore him, maintain at the height This perfection—succeed with life’s dayspring, death’s minute of night? Interpose at the difficult minute, snatch Saul, the mistake, Saul, the failure, the ruin he seems naw cand bid him awake From the dream, the probation, the prelude, to find himself set Clear and safe in new life and new light, a new harmony yet To be run, and continued, and sore ME cae knows? —or endure. The man taught enough by life's s dream of the rest to make sure. By the pain-throb triumphantly winning intensi- fied bliss, And the next world’s reward and repose by the struggle of this,” These bits drawn from the overflowing store should convince the reader that Brown- ing is not always ‘‘incomprehensible.” LUDWIG ANZENGRUBER. The death of this great Viennese poet and playwright, on the roth of last Decem- ber, has been the signal for a more general recognition of his merits than was ever ac- corded him before. Ludwig Anzengruber, whom the German critics now call the greatest dramatist of this century, followed a line of thought that in itself was not apt to secure him early or generous recognition. None of his works were eulogistic of the powerful and wealthy, —born and raised amidst humble surround- ings, his sympathy rested with the classes to which he belonged. ‘There were none too lowly for his genius to sing their praise, none too high in station for his wit to un- mantle their weakness. Still, he was not a revolutionist, rarely given to pessimistic ‘views, although the reactionary tendencies of the ruling classes at Vienna and their treatment of the author might have fur- nished abundant explanation for more des- pairing thought than that which pervades Anzengruber’s works. The poor and down- trodden were uppermost in his heart; to them his lyre was devoted; despotism and the imperious domination of the church were the targets of his poignant satire. But even that bore evidence of the poet’s un- failing kindness of heart and true humane feelings. His characters were never gross or repulsive; though he laid bare the falla- cies of a traditional nobility, his noblemen were noble; his priests, whom he surrounded with evidence of the banefulness of their | measures, were, themselves, exalted and of noble mind. These characteristics of An- zengruber opened for him the hearts of the people, but made him correspondingly unpopular with those in power; though his

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74 plays have never been admitted to houses under the patronage. of the monarch and aristocracy, literary people of the German tongue feel that one of their greatest poets has passed away, whose name will go down to posterity with those of Schiller, Goethe and Lessing. | Ludwig Anzengruber was born in Vienna on November 29th, 1840. His grandfather was a poor peasant; his father had risen to a small position in a government office, and was credited, by the son, with great poetical talent, which, however, he was loth to ex- pose. ‘The father’s early demise left the son to shift for himself, without means or guid- ance; he first worked in a bookstore and at the age of twenty went on the stage, playing minor parts at a number of provin- cial theaters. In the meantime he wrote a number of poetical compositions and plays; but the surroundings were distasteful to his refined nature and he gladly embraced an opportunity to enter a public office in the capacity of an unimportant and _ ill-paid clerk. It evidently was his intention to abandon all his former aspirations; for, on entering at the age of twenty-seven into his new position, he burned up all his accu- mulated manuscripts. He did not, how- ever, succeed in thus subduing his genius. Breaking his resolutions, he soon com- menced to write a play, and an accidental delay in the preparation of a new operetta, for which a substitute had to be found, af- forded an opportunity for having it produced. The play was well received, and when, a few days later, Vienna’s foremost critic, Heinrich lLaube, published an enthusiastic eulogy on its author, the foundation for Anzengruber’s fame was laid. He wrote successively a score of plays, all of which were performed with great success, and rank high in popular favor. TITIAN. Mrs. Jameson says: ‘‘If I were required to sum up in two great names whatever the art of. painting had contemplated and achieved of highest and best, I would in- ~ -at her feet. THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. voke Raphael and Titian,—the former as. the most perfect example of all that has been accomplished in the expression of thought through the medium of form; the latter, of all that has been accomplished in the expression of life through the medium of color. Hence it is that while both have given us mind, and both have given us beauty, mind is ever the characteristic of Raphael, beauty that of Titian.”’ As in Florence you think of Michael Angelo, and in Rome of Raphael, so in Venice, picturesque, historic and fascinating, you are constantly reminded of Titian. In Cadore, seventy miles from Venice, the boy Titian was born in 1477. He was passionately fond of nature. The clouds, the mountains, the sky, the greensward, were a constant delight. In after years he put all these changing scenes upon canvas, be- coming the most famous idealist, as well as ‘‘the greatest landscape painter of the Ve- netian School.’”’ ‘The story is told that be- fore he was ten years of age he had painted on the walls of his home at Cadore, with the juice of flowers, a Madonna, the Child standing on her knee, and an angel kneeling The parents were so surprised - and pleased that they sent him to Venice to study art. In the studio of Giovanni Bel- lini, he met Giorgione, a fellow pupil, who became an earnest friend. This young man had studied the works of Leonardo da Vinci, and was a brilliant colorist. Another per- son who greatly influenced the young Titian was Palma Vecchio, eminent for his por- traits of women, especially of his three beau- tiful daughters, one of them, Violante, it is said, being beloved by Titian. The most important early work of the young Venetian was painted when he -was twenty-three, ‘‘Sacred and Profane Love,”’ now in the Borghese Palace at, Rome. It represents two women in a lovely landscape, at sunset. The figure of Sacred Love has the beautiful and half-pensive face of Vio- lante. - Giorgione and Titian were employed by the state of Venice to fresco a great public

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. | 75 building. It is said that Giorgione never forgave Titian for excelling him in this work. He died at twenty-four of a broken heart, because deserted by the girl whom he loved, and Titian completed all his un- finished pictures. When Titian was about thirty, he painted several Madonnas; one at the Belvidere at Venice, one at Madrid, both having’ Vio- lante’s face, beside several others. At thirty-four he painted one of his most noted LUDWIG ‘works, regarded by some as his masterpiece, “«The Tribute Money,”’ now in the Dresden Museum. Vasari calls the head of the Christ ‘¢stupendous and miraculous. Amidst the profusion of locks that falls to Christ’s -shoulders’ there are ringlets of which we may count the hairs, and some of these are ‘so light that they seem to float in the air, as if to wave at the spectator’s breath.”’ Titian was now famous, but still poor. Leo X. urged him to go to Rome, where _ Michael Angelo and Raphael were the ad- ‘mired of all, but he loved Venice too well to leave her. He obtained work from the Doge, and moved his studio to an old palace on the Grand Canal, where he paint- ed for sixteen years. For the Duke of Fer- rara, who had married the celebrated and handsome Lucrezia Borgia, Titian painted the ‘Venus Worship,’’ now in Madrid, which represents the goddess standing ona marble pedestal, while winged Cupids are plucking and gathering the apples sacred to Venus. This picture was a favorite study ANZENGRUBER. for artists, and it is releated that Domeni- chino wept when he heard that it had been carried to Spain. ‘*‘The Virgin’s Rest,” and the ‘‘ Noli Me Tangere’’,—-Mary Mag- dalene on her knees before Christ,—are in the National Gallery. About this time Titian painted what is usually regarded as his masterpiece: ‘‘ The’ Assumption of the Virgin,’ now in the Academy of Arts in Venice. This wonder- ful piece of color was shown to a crowded church, March 20, 1518, and Titian was at once declared to be the foremost painter in

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76 | THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. Venice, and the idol of the state. He now painted the ‘‘Annunciation,”’ and the brilli- ant ‘‘Bacchanal’” at Madrid. The latter was for the Duke of Ferrara, who, after the death of Lucrezia Borgia, had married a lovely woman of inferior station, Laura -Dianti, who kept his fickle heart true to the last. It is believed that the famous painting _ inthe Louvre, commonly called ‘‘ Titian and his Mistress” represents Laura and the Duke. The picture shows a pretty girl dressing her hair, whilst her lover catches the reflection of her face ina mirror. The light and shadow are marvelous. In the ‘*Resurrection,’’ painted for a_ church, Titian thought the martyrdom of St. Sebas- tian, in the picture, the best of his works. Seven years had passed since he had promised to paint in the ducal palace of the Doge, and he had done nothing for him. The state was displeased, so Titian hastened to fulfill his promise. But orders for work pressed upon him. For the Duke of Fer- rara he painted ‘‘Bacchus and Ariadne,”’ now in the National Gallery, London. He also painted the ‘‘ Flora” of the Uffizi, with the face of Violante, and the ‘‘Sleeping Venus” at Darmstadt, a beautiful woman asleep on a red couch strewn with roses, with one of the loveliest faces ever produced by art. The face has a world-wide reputa- tion, and unnumbered copies of it -have been made. It is delicate, innocent, pen- sive and refined,—the face of the loved one, Violante. The ‘‘Venus” now in the Uffizi, the ‘Venus’ at Madrid, and the ‘‘Venus Ana- dyomene,’’ rising from the sea, are all famous.. The latter has the face of a new model, the same person who sat for his Magdalene. It has been conjectured that it was his young wife, Cecilia, whom he married about this time, when he was forty- five or more. She became the mother of three children, Pomponio, who, though fitted for the church, was a profligate and a life-long sorrow to his father; Orazio, an artist, and Lavinia, at whose birth the mother died. ‘Titian was disconsolate at the loss of his wife, and sent to Cadore for his sister, Orsa, to come to his home and care for his three little children, under five years of age. When Titian was forty-four, he painted the ‘‘Entombment of Christ,” which was a favorite with Van Dyck, and helped to form his style; and ‘‘ The Martyrdom of St. Peter Martyr,” which ‘‘reproduced the human form in its. grandest development,’’ and which has been studied by generations of artists from Rubens to Sir Joshua Reynolds. Venice so valued this picture that the Sig- noria threatened with death any person who should dare to remove it. It was destroyed by fire in 1867, together with the chapel which contained it. When Titian was fifty-six, Charles the V. came to Italy, to receive her homage. He sent for Titian to paint his portrait. The Emperor was so pleased with the picture that he made Titian a count, with a suitable income, a Knight of the Golden Spur, and, his children nobles of the empire. The Ca- dorine youth had reached the temple of fame, unaided save by his own skillful hand and inventive brain. His next paintings were the famous ‘‘ La Bella di Titiano,’” now in the Pitti; the ‘¢Madonna di Casa Pesaro,” one of his. largest works, being twenty-five feet long; the portrait of Pope Paul III., before which it is said that the passers-by doffed their hats, thinking it was the real Pope; ‘‘* Danaé re- ceiving the Golden Rain,” now in the Naples. Museum; the ‘‘Ecce Homo,” twelve feet by eight, in Vienna, for which thirty-five thousand dollars have been offered and re- fused; portraits of his lovely daughter, Lavinia, now in Dresden and in Berlin, and many other paintings. | When Titian was past seventy, he painted ‘‘Prometheus,’’ ‘‘Sisyphus,’’ ‘‘Ixion,”’ ‘*Tan- talus,”” and many others for Charles V. and his son, Philip II. Once, when he dropped his brush, the Emperor picked it up, saying that ‘‘ Titian was worthy of being served by Ceesar.”” When Charles V. returned to die in the convent of Yuste, he carried with him.

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THE nine of Titian’s pictures. his eyes resting upon two of ‘Titian’s works, a portrait of the Empress and ‘‘ The Trinity.”’ Titian, now an old man, had purchased a home in the suburbs of Venice, where he entertained the most distinguished peo- ple of his time. It is said by historians that the still beautiful Violante used to at- tend his parties, but why they were never married is not known. When the artist was ee his daughter Lavinia died, leaving six children. This affliction greatly saddened him; still he kept at his work. He painted the ‘‘Martyrdom of St. Lawrence;’ ‘‘Christ Crowned with Thorns;” ‘‘ Diana and Cal- listo;”’ ‘‘Irene of Spilimberg,”’ his pupil who died at twenty; ‘‘Europa and the Bull;’’ ‘‘ Jupiter and Antiope,’’ formerly called ‘‘The Venus of Pardo” and very cele- brated; ‘‘The Last Supper,” with thirteen life-size figures; and several famous works after he was ninety. He began his last picture, the ‘‘ Christ of Pity,’ when he was ninety-nine, but did not live to complete it. It represents the dead Christ on the lap of the Virgin. ‘‘We may suppose,” says Donald G. Mitchell, ‘‘that a vision of La- vinia, long gone out of his household; of Cecilia, still longer gone; of Violante, a memory of his younger days, may have flitted on his mind as he traced the last womanly face he was to paint.’’ In 1576 Venice was stricken by a plague ~ which destroyed fifty thousand people out of one hundred, and ninety thousand, and Titian and his son Orazio both died of it in August, 1576. Despite the law that no victim should be buried in the churches, the body of Titian was borne by the Canons of St.-Mark to his grave in the church of the Frari. Titian was a marvel of industry—his name pictures—trich, honored, tender to his family; ‘‘the greatest master of color whom the world has known.’’—Sarah K. Bolton, in Golden Rule. He died with is affixed to over one thousand~ QUERIES MAGAZINE. “ OLD PROVERBS. COLLECTED BY C. H. CHASE. Better in the wrong with sincerity, than the right with falsehood. A candid man blusheth not to own he is wiser to-day than yesterday. ° While a man liveth he may mend; count not thy brother reprobate. A heresy is an evil thing, for its shame is its pride. Men who jest at Revelation cling to a madman’s prophecy. Crosses are ladders leading to heaven. Death is deaf and hears no denial. If you trust before you try, you may re- pent before you die. I wept when I was born, and every day shows why. It is better to do well than to say well. If the parson be from home, be content with the curate. Nothing is so bad as to be good for noth- ing. The crutch of Time does more than the club of Hercules. A wise man knows he knows nothing, but the fool thinks he knows everything. Two things a man should never be angry at; what he cannot help and what he can- not keep. We were born crying, live complaining, and die disappointed. i When it pleaseth not God the saint can do little. Alms-giving never made any man poor, nor robbery rich, nor prosperity wise. A liar is a bravo towards God, and a cow- ard towards men. A man that breaks his word bids others be false to him. A lie begets a lie till ey come to ag rations. | A good life keeps off iitikttes. All fame is dangerous: good brings envy; bad, shame. Arrogance is a weed that grows mostly on a dunghill. Better to go to heaven in rags, than to hell in embroidery.

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78 : THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. It is human to err, but diabolical to per-— severe. : Religious contention is the devil’s_ har- vest. The church is out of temper when charity waxes cold and zeal hot. Truth may be blamed, but it can never be shamed. What cies one vice would bring up » two children. Woe to those preachers who listen not to themselves. | The tears of the congregation are the praises of the pastor. Better to slip with the foot than with the tongue. A sharp reproof is better than smooth de- ceit. _A young man idle, an old man needy. : Affected simplicity is refined imposture. An evil heart can make a: doctrine he- retical. An open door will tempt a saint. Bacchus has drowned more than Neptune. Conscience is never dilatory in its warn- ings. Conscience is the chamber of justice. Gentility without ability is worse than plain beggary. Credit lost is like a broken ioaing glass. Fools make feasts, and wise-men eat them. THE CASSIUS OF J/ULIUS C4SAR. EMMA YOUNGLOVE. Photograph albums have a strange fasci- nation, even though the faces which they contain are all unknown to us. We like to study the intellectuality of this face, to see the beauty of that one, to note the strength of another, and to trace the resemblance of still another to one friend long absent. But we are more interested in looking at pictures of celebrated men—those whose names and deeds have long been familiar to us, though they are personally unknown. Shakespeare has recognized our interest in the looks and appearance of men, and has given us many pen pictures. Like all of his writings, these are suggestive rather than complete. He gives the outline and leaves our imagination to fill out the pictures. Thus Cassius stands before us, ‘‘that spare Cassius,’’ with the bearing of ‘‘an el- der soldier’ of warlike Rome. Our imagi- nation readily supplies the Roman nose and the dark eye of Southern Europe. This eye, like Carlyle’s, is ‘‘a terrible organ”; it sees everything, — ‘* He is a great observer, and he looks Quite through the deeds of men.” Nor can the eye conceal ‘‘ That rash humor which my mother gave me.” He has a thoughtful face, ‘* He thinks too much;” a grave one, ‘‘Seldom he smiles; and smiles in such a sort As if he mocked himself, and scorned his spirit That could be moved to smile at any thing.” Behold Cassius—keen, nervous, alert, grave, with the face and bearing of a noble Ro- man. This manisa good conspirator. He reads men like books. He knows just at what point each can be most easily assailed. Thus one after another he draws Romans of rank into the plot against Cesar. In the banish- ment of his brother, Metellus Cimber has good cause for wishing to be rid of Cesar; Cassius does not fail to note this. Casca is superstitious, and Cassius turns his fears to account as omens against’*Cesar. Brutus is a friend of Cesar and a true patriot; but his self-esteem may be wrought upon, his patriotism may be played off against his friendship, and his love of leadership may be used to draw even Brutus into the con- spiracy. In nothing is the unerring purpose and the consummate tact of the man Cas- sious more evident than in the readiness with which he, the instigator of the plot and the elder man, yields precedence to Brutus from the moment of the latter’s entrance into the conspiracy. Brutus’ characterization of Cicero applies equally to himself, ** He will never follow anything That other men begin;”

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. | - 19 and though Cassius ismuch the wiser and better conspirator, he ever yields his opin- ions to those of his friend. Cassius has a fertile mind, and he is ever ready with sug- gestion, but nothing more. : Cassius’ comprehension of human nature is evident, too, from his treatment of An- tony. He alone from the beginning saw in Ceesar’s friend, though , ‘‘Given to sports, to wildness, and much company, a shrewd contriver,” one having means ‘*to annoy us all.” So he suggests, ‘* To prevent, Let Antony and Cesar die together.” His wish is overcome by Brutus. But when, after the purpose of the conspiracy has been accomplished, the latter sends for Antony in full confidence of satisfying him of the jus- tice of Czesar’s death, Cassius again pro- tests: ‘*T have a mind That fears him much, and my misgiving still Falls shrewdly to the purpose.” When Anthony appears and Brutus seeks to convince him of the honest purpose of the conspirators and their ‘‘ kind love’”’ toward himself, Cassius sees that the one hold which they can hope to have is through Antony’s ambition, so he interrupts: “Your voice shall be as strong as any man’s In the disposing of new dignities.” Moreover, he breaks in on Antony’s out- burst of grief over the dead body of Cesar: ‘* Mark Antony, I blame you not for praising Czsar so; But what compact mean you to have with us? Will you be prick’d in number of our friends; Or shall we on, and not depend on you?” Weare at the head of affairs now; only through us can you hope for preferment; let your personal feeling be whatit may, it is to your interest to cast in your lot with us. Unsatisfied by Antony’s assurance of friendship, Cassius once and again remon- strates against the granting of his request to speak at Cesar’s funeral: ‘‘ Know you how much the people may be moved By that which he will utter?” Cassius is steady of purpose and firm. Only once does his courage fail him, when in the capitol, just in the moment of its exe- cution, he suspects that the plot is discov- ered. Then he instinctively recognizes the greater constancy of Brutus’ character: ‘* Brutus, what shall be done?” © In Cassius, perhaps more completely than in any other of Shakespeare’s characters, we find that mingling of motives, good and bad, which so characterizes human nature. He is a patriot, and love of country impels him to slay his country’s tyrant. But he frankly admits, ‘*Cesar doth bear me hard,” and that if the great man were his friend nothing would tempt him to join the plot. Moreover, he is jealous of Cesar’s great- ness: ‘* Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow world Like a Colossus; and we petty men Walk under his huge legs, and peep about To find ourselves dishonorable graves,” ‘‘ The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, But in ourselves, that we are underlings.” ** Upon what meat doth this our Cesar feed, That he is grown so great?” Cassius has a real love for Brutus; he is his dearest friend; toward him his soul goes out in tenderest affection. Yet he will tempt the younger man to that which he knows is base treachery in Brutus. To accomplish his own ends he does not scru- ple to tarnish the noble metal of which his friend is made. A dangerous foe, a no less dangerous friend is Cassius. He destroys the life of Ceesar, but he destroys the honor of Brutus. A scholar, a thinker, a man of action, bril- liant, able, serious, yet guided by no great moral principle, ‘*Such men are dangerous; I do not know the man I should avoid So soon as that spare Cassius.”

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80 THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. THE BARLOW BOOK SALE. One of the most notable auction sales of books and manuscripts that ever took place in this country—the disposal at vendue of the unique and rare old volumes embraced in the famous Barlow collection—occurred in New Yorkearly in February. The lots, 2,784 in number, brought the round sum of $85,048.20, and the entire collec- tion was disposed of in three days. Forty- three rare sold on the last day, and the sharpest competition was over the Massachusetts colony records, known as ‘‘A true copie of the Court book of the Governor and Society of the Massachusetts Bay in New England.”’ The Boston Public Library wanted these records, and paid $6,500 for them, gaining the prize over the John Carter Brown Library, of Providence, which spiritedly competed for their purchase, offering as a last bid, $6,450. The price reached was a ‘surprise to everybody. In March, 1865, the commonwealth of Massachussetts tried to buy this manuscript from Mr. Barlow, ‘but he declined to sell, and the common- wealth had to be satisfied with the loan of it to patch up her original records. Documents and works relating to the early history of all the original members of the Union were to be found in this collec- ‘tion. In this class was a rare old volume, Capt. John Smith’s ‘‘General Historie of ‘Virginia, New England, and the Summers Isles; with the names of the Adventurers, Planters and Governours, from their first beginning, Ano. 1584, to this present, 1624. With the proceedings of those Severall Colo- nies and the Accidents that befell them in -all their Journeys and Discoveries, &c.’’. It was a folio, bound in calf, and printed in London in 1624. It was started at $500, -and finally knocked down to Mr. James “Osborne Wright for $1,900... Dodd, Mead & Co., of New York, were Mr. Wright’s .chief competitors. The price paid was $100 more than the Lennox Library paid for a similar copy in the sale of the library of - \ historical manuscripts were. George P. Brinley, of Hartford, eleven years ago. | As anticipated, there was a good deal of strife for the rare old volumes in their costly bindings, by Hardy Matthews and Bedford. | The ‘‘Mundus Novus” of Vespucius brought $1,200. Mr. Brayton Ives was the pur- chaser, and Dodd, Mead & Co. secured another copy of the work at $825. BIOGRAPHICAL WORKS OF THE PAST YEAR. Among the books printed in the English language in the course of a year, the classi- fication of Biography, Memoirs and Corres- pondence is generally a rich one in numbers and in works of general interest. Accord- ing to the Publishers’ Weekly, the figures fell below the two previous years, but the notable additions were still comparatively large. The third and fourth volumes in the life of the great abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison, concluded one of the most important biographies in American literat- ure. The period covered is from 1841 to 1879, the narrative being strongly political, dealing as it does with the first steps of the anti-slavery movement, the war, and the finaltriumph of the cause. One of the most picturesque figures in American literary history is recalled by the ‘‘ Correspondence of John Lothrop Motley.’’ George William Curtis is the editor of this charming volume, and he appears to have done his work excep- tionally well. These letters were written mainly to his family, but the strong public in- terest they possess is made manifest through- out. The accomplished historian is seen in every page. Though lacking the literary quality and the artistic roundness _ which mark the experienced /ittérateur, ‘‘Herndon’s Lincoln” stands as one of the strongest books of the year. Its very crudeness is a testimony to its truth, and that it is one of the most truthful pictures yet painted of the great Lincoln is generally believed. Cer- tainly as a foundation for the future bio- grapher it embraces a most valuable and

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. - 8 remarkable Lincolniana. ‘‘Louisa May AlI- cott; her Life, Letters and Journal,’’ edited by Mrs. Ednah D. Cheny, belongs toa class of popular biography that everyone reads and no one criticises. Its subject will ever live in the memory of American readers as one of their most beloved writers. ‘‘The Life of Harriet Beecher Stowe,’’ compiled from her letters and journals by her son, the Rev. Charles E. Stowe, was warmly wel- comed. The world-renowed author of ‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin”’ will never cease to findan admiring audience. ‘‘The Life Work of the Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin”’ is the title of a,second biography of the same sub- ject from the pen of Florine Thayer McCray. ‘‘American Religious Leaders’’ is the title of a new biographical series begun during the past year. ‘‘Jonathan Edwards” was its first issue. Prof. Alexander V. G. Allen suc- ceeded in reproducing an excellent portrait- ure of Edwards as a man and theologian {rom his books and treatises. The second issue was ‘‘Wilbur Fisk,’’ by Dr. George _ Prentice, treating with rare breadth and wisdom the career and character of the emi- nent Methodist divine. The ‘‘American Statesmen Series’ received twocontributions, “George Washington” by Henry Cabot Lodge, and ‘‘Benjamin Franklin’ by Thomas T. Morse, Jr. In spite of the many lives that have been written of Washington, Mr. Lodge’s work attracted a special interest. It is neither the soldier nor the statesman of whom he makes a picture, but the man, full of faults and weaknesses, and yet so intensely human. George Bancroft’s ‘‘ Martin Van Buren” is in line with the former works. It relates chiefly to Van Buren’s political career, and was written by Mr. Bancroft during Van Buren’s life, who pronounced it authentic and fair. ‘‘ Life of General La- fayette,’’ by Bayard Tuckerman, is another impartial biography of a man who has suf- fered as much from the exaggerated praise of his friennds as from the bitter attacks of his enemies. The stage is represented by two works, ‘*Memories of Fifty Years,” by J. Lester “prominent man. Wallack, and ‘‘ Edwin Forest,’’ by Gabriel Harrison. ‘‘Emerson in Concord,”’’ isa brief memior of Ralph Waldo Emerson, prepared by his son for the ‘‘ Social Circle’’ in Con- cord, Mass. ‘‘ Glimpses of Fifty Years,” is the autobiography of the celebrated Presi- dent of the Woman’s Temperance Associa- tion, Francis E. Willard. The beautiful lives of three venerable members of the So- ciety of Friends are recounted in Rufus M. Jones’ ‘‘ Eli and Sybil Jones,” and in ‘‘ Ex- tracts fromthe Journal of Elizabeth Drink- | er.’’ Elizabeth Drinker belonged to another century, and had much that is amusing to read of the life of her day. The old Knick- erbocker life of fifty years ago is described in ‘‘ The Diary of Philip Hone, 1828-1851.” Politically and socially Mr. Hone was a His diary is rich in reminiscences. ‘‘Great Senators of the United States Forty Years Ago,” by Oliver Dyer, tellsits ownstory. ‘‘ Great Leaders,”’ compiled by George T. Ferris, offers over eighty graphic pen portraits of as many fa- mous men selected from the great historians. | ‘¢ Living Leaders of the World”’ is a similar work, relating to men of to-day. A marvelous life-story is contained in Dr, Safford’s ‘‘Hosea Ballou,” a New England Universalist minister, born in the last years of the past century: Congregationalism in its early days in Illinois and Indiana is the background to the biography of*‘‘Asa Tur- ner,” by Dr. George F. Magoun. ‘‘Per- sonal Recollections of Pardee Butler’ is a thrilling chapter of early Kansas history. A kindred theme is found in Hermann von Holst’s ‘‘John Brown.” ‘‘Life and Services of John D. Philbrick” eulogizes a well-known New Englander. ‘‘Authors at Home,’’ by J. L. and J. B. Gilder, contains papers on — twenty-seven American writers. ‘‘Great Captains,”” by Theodore Ayrault Dodge, relates as much to the art of war as to some of the great leaders. - ‘*The letters of the Duke of Wellington to Miss. J,’’ must be treated as an American book, as the editor, Mrs. Christine Terhune Herrick,claims that the letters were found in America and first

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82 THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. _published here. A charming volume that is altogether and undisguisedly fiction is ‘‘An Author’s Love.”’ It is said to be from the pen ofa brilliant American woman, Miss Elizabeth Balch, who aims to supply the other side of the correspondence of Prosper Mérimée’s Lettres a une inconnue. As an exquisite specimen of the epistolary art, we quote the volume here. Champlin’s and Apthorp’s ‘‘Cyclopedia of Music and Musi- cians’? was completed by the second and third volumes. The reprints and importations in this de- partment from English sources are mostly works of intrinsic value. Early in the year a second volume was published of ‘‘My Autobiography and Reminiscences,” by W. P. Frith. It-is marked by numerous anec- dotes and personal details of well-known literary men and women of a few decades back. ‘‘Portraits of Friends,’ by John Campbell Shairp, is a loyal tribute of friend- ship to many noted men. A _ condensed ‘‘Life of Samuel Wilberforce, Bishop of _ Oxford and Winchester,”’ by his son, met a popular demand. A new edition, brought down to date, of Robertson’s ‘‘Life and Times of the Right Hon. John Bright,’’ was issued after this noted statesmen’s death in March, 1889. ‘‘A Collection of Letters of Dickens, 1833-1870,” selected from the three-volume edition, was designed for general readers. ‘*Letters of the Late Edward Bulwer, Lord Lytton, to His Wife,” exited wonder that so great a genius could write such nonsense. The Famous Women Series added two more celebrities to its ranks, ‘‘Saint Theresa of Avila’ and ‘‘Jane Austen.’’ The author of the first is Mrs. Bradley Gilman, and of the ~ second, Mrs. Charles Malden. The Jxterna- fional Statesmen Series gained three additions: Dunlop’s ‘‘Life of Henry Grattan,’”’ Arthur Hassell’s ‘‘Life of Viscount Bolingbroke,” and F. C. Montague’s ‘‘Life of Sir Robert Peel.”” Great Explorers and Explorations Series had as its initial volume ‘‘A Life of John Davis, the Navigator,” by C. R. Mark- ham. Zhe World’s Workers, another new series, ‘‘Dr. Arnold of Rugby,” by Rose E. Selfe. English Men of Fiction included popular biographies of ‘‘Wellington,” by George Hooper, of ‘‘Lord Lawrence,” by Sir Robert Temple, and of ‘‘Monk,” by Julian Corbett. TZwelve English Statesmen Series was represented by James Gairdner’s ‘*‘HenrytheSeventh.” Inthe Great Writers’ Series were Nevinson’s ‘‘Life of Friedrich Schiller,’”’ Sharp’s ‘‘Life of Heinrich Heine,’ Courtney’s ‘‘Life of John Stuart Mill,’’ and Rolleston’s ‘‘Life of Gotthold Ephraim Lessing.” John G. Patton, a missionary to the New Hebrides, wrote his autobiography. ‘‘Lady Missionaries in Foreign Lands” had their trials pictured by Mrs. E. R. Pitman, and ‘‘Samuel Crowther, Bishop of the Niger,” had the details of his career put into book form by Jesse Page. The last two mentioned works belong to the Missionary Biography Series. Among standard library works mostly imported in small editions may be named: ‘‘The Life of Richard Steele,’ by George A. Aitken (2 v.); ‘Caroline Schlegel and Her Friends,’ by Mrs. Alfred Sidgwick; ‘‘Mary Howitt; an Autobiography” (2 v.); ‘‘The Life of William Wordsworth,” by William Knight (3 v.); ‘‘The Life of Lord John Russell,” by Spencer Walpole (2 v.); ‘*Father Damien,” by Edward Clifford; ‘“Letters of General Gordon to His Sister, M. A. Gordon;” ‘‘Daniel O’Connell’s Cor- respondence’”’ (2 v.); ‘‘Life of Lamartine,”’ by Lady Margaret Domvile; ‘‘Horace Wal- pole’s Letters” (2 v.); ‘‘Fanny Burney and Her Friends ;” ‘‘ Clavers, the Despot’s Cham- pion,” a Scots biography; ‘‘Graham of Claverhouse,’’ and several new volumes in Leslie Stephen’s ‘‘Dictionary of National Biography.”’ The sensation of the year in biography came from the French. The journal of - **Marie Bashkirtseff’’ created a profound interest in a most remarkable gifted person- ality. ‘*Thiers,” by Paul de Rémusat, be- longs to the Great French Writers Series. ‘*Recollections of a Literary Man” arecharm- ing pen portraits and autobiographical — sketches by Alphonse Daudet.

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. 83 QUESTIONABLE PROGRESS. It is a common error to accept as an evi- dence of material progress every invention or improvement in appliances that may be © a source of comfort to individuals or a means of advancing the fortunes of the inventors and vendors. ‘There are, no doubt, many thousands of sportsmen who have rejoiced over the ease with which the breech-loading shot gun can be loaded, whose sympathy has gone out toward less fortunate brethren who had to use the old fashioned musket in place of the modern breech-loading repeat- ing rifle. Yet, the period of triumph prom- ises to be short, for the improvements of the tools of destruction has hastened the ex- tinction of many species of game animals and birds; it has tempted the tyro in hunt- ing to join in the work of destruction, for though he could ro mofe than scare his game with the first shot, he could still fire at it in rapid succession and if not bring it down, yet send it off with a mortal wound. | A recent paper by W. T. Hornaday, tax- idermist of the Smithsonian Institute, and for years a professional hunter for an animal- collecting agency, discusses with an accept- able degree of authority the amount of game now remaining and the prospects of its sur- vival. Practically speaking the American bison in his wild state was long since ex- tinct. Eighteen years ago there were mil- lions of them. The elk will be the next to go, being easy to kill, and his magnificent head and massive antlers in great demand. Once they were spread over the United _ States, but are now found only in Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. The prong-horned antelope, that picturesque creature, is scarcely good for ten years more outside the Yellowstone Park. He lives in the prairies, open plains, or park-like meadows, and can be outwitted by the veriest bungler with a good gun. Moose, since they range up to the arctic regions, can not be wiped out, but in the United States, they will scarcely last us twenty years, there remaining now probably less than 150 head, most of them in North- ern Maine, Northern Minnesota, and in the main ranges of the Rockies. The head of a large bull moose readily brings $75. The caribou ranges the same latitudes as the moose, but happily loves the thick woods, the leafy tangles, and evergreen forests, and will be hardtoexterminate. The black tail, or mule deer, will go long before his con- gener, the Virginia white tail. This latter does his own thinking, being keen-eyed and alert, and skulking in the thickest timber, will not, in all likelihood, ever be driven from the Eastern States. The Rocky Mountain goat is as good as gone with as; all his haunts are known, and he is being slaughtered at wholesale. The mountain sheep, or big horn, is sharing the same fate. The ancient Hudson Bay Fur Company is winding up its affairs, there being no more furs to be had, and an old fur buyer, re- cently returned from the Northwest, says the business of gathering furs is dead. The beaver has become scarce, trappers now seeking the once despised muskrat and even the little gray rabbit to make up for the lack of beaver, otter, mink, marten, and sable. Lynx and bear skins are in great demand. The southern fur seal is gone, and Pacific Coast poachers are slaying indiscriminately ; the California elephant seal is extinct; the walrus is rare; the great arctic sea-cow is gone, its congener, the manatee, a curiosity. Bears, particularly the grizzly, wolves, and foxes are fast going, and milliners’ taxider- mists are now slaughtering the singing birds in vast quantities. ‘Thus we shall soon have left little more than a few stuffed specimens and a fund of cheap and inaccurate picture books, to remind us of the once grand fauna of this continent. This thorough destruc- tion is largely due to the improved efficiency of the guns and rifles, that in all their per- fection will become useless for want of fur- ther victims to the slaughtering propensities of their owners. ) :

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BELTON, S. C. THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. SANS SOUCI. A SHEAF OF ORIGINAL POEMS. A LOVE SONG. ‘Now tell me, Love;” it was in May, And elfish shadows idly curled _ And lay across the sun-kissed day Like phantoms from a phantom world. ‘* Now tell me, Love,” I whispered low, ‘« Shall it be ‘ Yes,’ or is it ‘No’?” I scarce could see her bonny face, Her broad sun-hat eclipsed it quite; Her neck above the billowing lace Looked like folded lilies white. Kisses in her dimpled chin Coyly wandered out and in. ‘‘ Then tell me, Love, if it be ‘ Yes,’ But silence keep if it is ‘No’; For it will be a heart-throe less To one who truly loves you so, To mutely take the ‘ No’ unsaid, And go his way, life shadowéd.” She whispers. Swift the tell-tale blushes Creep to meet the billowing laces. Thro’ the slumbering sun-kissed hushes Smiles the fairest of all faces. ‘‘ Then,” she sighs, ‘‘ you will not go, If I say ‘ Yes’ instead of ‘No’.” BRAD COURTLAND. THOU AND I. Wrapped in a restful quiet Thou and I Heed not the wind’s mad riot, Rushing by; Safe housed we rest! Calm, peaceful, blest ! _ Without, the storm — Shrieks like fiends in battle— Within, ’tis warm. So warm, and calm and restful! The storm outside Dut maketh our fire burn brighter, The world is wide; But Thou and I Give never a sigh Or thought or care To its wild tumultous strife. Our world is here ! WAUKEGAN, ILL. New HAVEN, CONN. We were not ever thus, Dear Heart! In the world of vexing strife We've had our part; In its giving and its taking; In its grieving and heart-aching, Its feuds and fears, Days of glooms and nights of darkness, Through many changeful years! But unto us the morning Dawns at last; The morning and the evening, For day and night are past, And the frost upon my forehead, And the silver in your hair, Are as the blending sweet, Of light upon the ocean, Where morn and evening meet. GEORGE SLACK. A GRAY DAY. The rain had been falling drearily Through the long and wintry day— A thick, silent, misty storm it was, Enfolding the earth in gray. *Twas typical of those dismal moods That creep sometimes o’er the breast, When the world seems chanting in discord, And life is full of unrest. But day crept at last into twilight, The gray dissolved in the blue, And the stars blossomed out with a smile, Twinkling an old tale anew. They whispered of the Father of lights Who shineth through great and small; Whose truth righteth all earthly discord, Whose love and peace is for all! If we would only learn the lessons * Nature doth sweetly repeat, Unrest would take wing from our bosoms, And life’s path would bless our feet. If we would cull brightness and beauty Instead of gloom on the way, We should shine from within on others And banish their moods of gray. Epna C, LINEs.

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. ae 85 QUAINT AND CURIOUS. WHAT WAS SAID IN FLANDERS. Through sleet and fogs to the saline bogs Where the herring fish meanders, An army sped, and then ’tis said, Swore terribly in Flanders ; SABER TEE, bh ae ? * A hideous store of oaths they swore— Did the army over in Flanders! At this distant day we’er unable to say What so aroused their danders, But it’s doubtless the case, to their lasting dis- grace, That the army swore in Flanders; ids &¢ BAL Aah ‘And many more such oaths they swore— Did that impious horde in Flanders. Some folks contend that these oaths without end Began among the commanders— That, taking this cue, the subordinates, too, . Swore terribly in Flanders ; Ewes: 66 RRs ee, ho} Why, the air was blue with hullaballoo Of those wicked men in Flanders! But some suppose that the trouble arose With a certain Coporal Sanders, Who sought to abuse the wooden shoes That the natives wore in Flanders, Saying: ‘‘ " 46 ’”? . What marvel then, that the other men Felt encouraged to swear in Flanders! At any rate (as I grieve to state), Since those soldiers vented their danders, Conjectures obtain that for language profane There is no such place as Flanders. 6c > 1’? “é ‘ 1”? ‘This is the kind of talk you'll find If ever you go to Flanders. How wretched is he—wherever he be— That unto this habit panders, And how glad am I that my interests lie _ In Chicago and not in Flanders! i 1”? ee ce 1? Would never go down in this circumspect town, However it might in Flanders. —Eugene Field. THE CRY FROM TACOMA. Sisters, spread the glorious news, Wives are in Tacoma needed. Men out there are in distress, Shall their prayers go all unheeded ? Beauties with and without flaw, Spinsters past all hope of marrying, Widows both by death and law— Buy your tickets, no more tarrying, For, tall girls, short girls, fat girls, lean girls, sweet girls, sour girls, pug-nosed girls, all sorts of girls, even white-horse blondes, : All are wanted in Tacoma! Oh, the mayor of Tacoma! Sends to Boston’s chief this plea : ‘* We are running short on wives, Send a carload, C. O. D.”’ And those young men way out west, For ’tis so the letter stated, | Think they’ll fare the very best With New England females mated, Girls from Chicopee, Nantucket, Penacook, Winooski, Pawtucket, Woonsocket, Noo- dus, Naugatack, Willimantic, All are wanted in Tacoma! Send your resignation in To the equal right’s dissension, Cast your Howells in the fire "Long with Browning’s last invention. Lay the gold-rimmed eye-glass by, Burn the Normal school diploma, For they long to hear the cry Of sweet babies in Tacoma! Yes, girls from Androscoggin, Aroostook, Macwahoc, Wytopitlock, Saccarappa, Bucksport, Penobscot, Togus, Damaris- cotta, Muscongus, Pemaquid, All are wanted in Tacoma! Oh, my sisters, this is grand, That the men should own they need us! Why that suppliant wail deny— ‘‘Come and pet us, come and feed us ?”’ Where there’s noble work to do, Where there’s need of men undaunted, Where the brave are and the true— Women there are always wanted. Yes, even from Wisscassett, Kenduskeag, Mattawamkeag, Passadumkeag, Patta- gumpus, Winn, Lebec Sagadahoc, Arrow- sic, Montsweag, Carritunc, Kennebunk, Kittery, Ogunquit, Wives are wanted in Tacoma! —Chicago Herald.

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a6 THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. MULTUM IN PARVO. Here is a clever scrap from a letter writ- ten to John Lothrop Motley by Oliver Wendell Holmes: ‘‘I sat by the side of Emerson, who always charms me by his de- licious voice, his fine sense and wit, andthe delicate way he steps about the words of his vocabulary; if you have seen acat picking her footsteps in wet weather you have seen the picture of Emerson’s exquisite intelli- gence feeling for its phrase or epithet. Sometimes I think of an ant-eater singling out his insects, as I see him looking about, and at last seizing his worm or adjective, the best, the only one which would serve the need of his thought.” The whole world has heard by this time of the Bostonian’s claim to have seen a book catalogue containing this entry: JESCHYLUS: Prometheus... .(unbound.) ‘* Which,”’ he adds, ‘‘is quite as good in its way as the entries: Mill on"the Floss, Do. on Liberty, and the excerpt from the catalogue of a country library: — Potties es marge) ag Adelina. BR iain a ace od ome > oie OS Oyster.” The French binder’s error in labeling two volumes of ‘‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin” ‘‘L’Oncle, Tome I” and ‘*‘L’Oncle, Tome II”’ is also historical, but hardly more deservedly so than that of the cataloguer who entered ‘‘ Heine’s Songs” as ‘‘ Hen’s Lays.” The New York Commercial Advertiser is authority for the statement that J. W. Buel is the most popular writer in America. He has written fourteen books, the aggregate circulation of which exceeds two million and a half of copies. His works are all of a re- ligious or philosophical nature, and are sold on the subscription plan. The most popular is his ‘* Beautiful Story,”’ which has reached a sale of nearly 600,000 copies in less than two years. His last two works, ‘‘The Living © World,”’ and ‘‘ The Story of Man,” have both gone beyond 250,000 copies each, and are endorsed by Mr. Gladstone and Bis- marck. During 1888, Mr. Buel’s royalties amounted to $33,000, and last year they _exceeded $50,000. It has been discovered (in Boston) that Dickens was inaccurate in many of his state- ments. For example, one man says that he made Capt. Cuttle screw a knife into the socket where his hook usually held sway, and with this knife peel boiled potatoes. This, the writer says, would be an impossi- bility. If Dickens had said that the genial Captain screwed a fork into the socket, it would have been all right, as he could easily have held a potato on the fork and peeled it with a knife held in his good left hand. ‘*Thus,’’ says The Lounger in Zhe Critic, ‘*is Boston Breaking our idols. Mr. How- ells tries to shake our faith in Scott and Dickens and Thackeray; and someone who hides behind the initial ‘L.’ tries to belittle Capt. Cuttle, as though anything. could be impossible for such a man to accomplish. If Dickens had said that Capt. Cuttle played the banjo with his ‘hook,’ I should believe him. If these iconoclastic Bostonians don’t stop, we shall have no literature left.”’ It is interesting to note how many of the most common words and phrases which were once regarded as slangy, are now embodied in our language, and bear no suspicion of vulgarism. The meaning of the word ‘‘dun”’ is known to everyone who understands the English language; yet, says a writer on the progression of language, it was, at the be- ginning of this century, unknown as a verb. About that time a constable in England, named John Dun, became celebrated as a first class collector of bad accounts. When others would fail to collect a bad debt, Dun would be sure to get it out of the debtor. So well known did this become that people from the surrounding country sent in their accounts when they could not collect them. It soon passed into a current phrase that when a person owed money and did not.

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4 THE. QUERIES MAGAZINE. : 87 - pay when asked, he would have to be ‘*Dunned.’’ .Hence it soon became com- mon in such cases to say, ‘‘ You will have to Dun so and so if you wish to collect your money.” | According to the Yankee Blade, Henry W. Austin, editor of the Vatonalist, the - new Boston magazine for the propagation of Edward Bellamy’s ideas, is a man of ver- satile gifts, having been an actor, a lawyer, | an insurance man, a journalist, and a poet. He is a short, stout man, with a large, mas- sive head, with Grecian features, and large, sharp, blue eyes. He polishes his poems with great care, and sells them at the high- est prices. He likes to smoke a pipe; at times has all the conventional poet's disre- gard of apparel, and at other times is ele- gantly dressed. He sometimes wears a full beard, sometimes only a moustache, and sometimes no beard at all. He can make a good speech, and is destined to make a rep- utation for himself in connection with the new movement with which he is identified. Nellie Bly, the sensational writer, who on the 25th of January completed her trip around the world in 72 days 6 hours and II minutes, grew up in Western Pennsylva- nia, and first tried her hand at newspaper writing for the Pittsburgh press. She is now on the staff of the Vew York World. Her real name is Sarah Cochrane. She sailed from New York November 14th to South- ampton; crossed Europe by rail to Brindisi, in the heel of the boot of Italy; proceeded by steamer to Port Said, through the Suez Canal, and down the Red Sea to Aden on the Arabian coast, and thence through the Gulf of Aden and across the Indian Ocean, to Colombo, Ceylon. From Colombo she went across the sea of Bengal to Singapore on the Malay peninsula, and from there through the China Sea to Hong Kong on the Chinese coast; from Hong Kong through the Formosa Channel to Yokohoma, on the eastern side of Japan, and thence directly across the Pacific to San Francisco, Fa coming east from San Francisco by the Southern Pacific and connecting lines. In the Spring of 1889, Mrs. Chanler (Amélie Rives) contributed a sum of money received by her for some sonnets. to be awarded by the American Economic Asso- ciation, as a prize for the best essay on the subject of Child Labor. The prize was widely announced by the public press; twenty-seven essays from all parts of the country were received by the Secretary of the Association, and General F. A. Walker, President of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and of the American Economic Association named the following Committee of Award: President Andrews, of Brown University; Dr. Shaw, of the Minneapolis Tribune; and Mr. E. P. Cheyney, of the University of Pennsylvania. ThisCommittee decided that, owing to the equal merits of the essays of Mr. William F. Willoughby and Miss M. C. de Graffenreid, both of Washington, D. C., the prize should be divided equally between these two contest- ants. A very interesting piece of furniture has just been added to the museum at Shake- spere’s birth-place—an old oaken table said to have belonged to Shakespere’s family, and to have been in use in the poet’s day. Itisa ‘low, round table, with raised edge, stand- ing on a stout centre leg with three toes. The top has evidently been beeswaxed for centuries. On the under surface of the ta- ble two letters(J.W.) appear. The old Strat- ford families whose surname begin with W are legion. Shakespere had cousins named Webb, but the records do not allow any of, them a Christian name needing I or J. The information on which the table was eur chased and, for a time, accepted as a relic, is to be found in a statement made on oath before Mr. Lloyd Chadwick, Warwick. This gentleman, who is eighty years of age, states that when a boy he remembers the table be- ing in the posession of his grandmother, and he often heard it spoken of by her and others.

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88 THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. She bought it from a woman who purchased it at the sale at Shakespere’s house in Henly street, Stratford-on-Avon, and it was always _ known in the family and vicinity as Shake- spere’s table. Almost the last link between the poet Keats and the men and women of to-day is broken. Of those who knew him face to face, his sister was one of the longest sur- vivors. News has just reached England that on the sixteenth of December, after a short but painful illness—painful owing to the great vitality which she maintained at eighty-six—she passed away at Madrid. Her brother's letters to her, spread over five important years in their two lives, are among the brightest, manliest, and most unselfish letters ever addressed by a poet to his sister. Fanny Keats married Sefior Valentin Llanos, a Spanish gentleman of considerable accomp- lishments, who distinguished himself both in the diplomatic service of his country and in literature asthe author of ‘‘Don Esteban” and ‘‘Sandoval the Freemason.”’ Living in affluence for many years at Madrid, Sefior Llanos and his wife suffered some years ago unmerited pecuniary losses, owing to which Sefiora Llanos accepteda civil list pension, gladly awarded to her by the late Lord Bea- consfield, in recognition of her brothe1’s world-wide renown. Those who knew Mrs. Llanos and had seen the published portrait of poor young Thomas Keats, who died seventy-one years ago, can well understand the words which the poet wrote of his sister, ‘‘She walks about my imagination like a ghost, she isso like Tom.”’’ Some interesting autograph letters from Dickens, Thackeray, Keats and others were sold recently in London. One from Dick- ens to Mrs. Macready brought 46 15s. A letter from Hood to Samuel Lover, refer- ring to Thackeray's visit to America, con- tained the familiar anecdote of Thackeray and the Bowery boy. An autograph manu- script poem, in four verses, entitled ‘‘As I See with Mine Own Eyes,” beginning They call thee false as thou art fair, They call thee fair and free— A creature pliant as the air And changeful as the sea, was signed ‘‘W. M. Thackeray,” and brought £3 125. 6d. Ten lines of poetry in the handwriting of Keats, on a small half sheet of paper, included the familiar line, And joy whose hand is ever at his lips Bidding adieu, which the newspapers speak of as unpub-~ lished, went for £3. Zola describes his work thus: regular as clockwork: every morning | write four pages, no more, no less, that makes about eight hundred words, and is all I can do ina day and do it well; as I. take a year for each one of my novels, I have plenty of time; of course a large part of my work has been done before I take up the pen, and what I write the first time goes to the printers with few erasures; I never dictate, but write every line of my book with my own hand.”’ Professor Tyndall publishes in the /ort- nightly Review a fascinating article on ‘‘Per- sonal Recollections of Thomas Carlyle.” Here is a fine description of Carlyle’s address, as Lord Rector, to the Edinburg Students: ‘‘Carlyle stood up, threw off his robe, like an ancient David declining the unproved ar- mour of Saul, and in his carefully-brushed brown morning coat came forward to the table. With nervous fingers he grasped the leaf, and stooping over it looked earnestly down upontheaudience. ‘They tell me,’ he said, ‘that I ought to have written this ad- dress, and out of deference to the counsel I tried to do so, once, twice, thrice. But. what I wrote was only fit for the fire, and to the fire it was compendiously committed. You must therefore listen to and accept what I say to you as coming straight from the heart.’ Hebegan, andthe world only knows what he said. I attended more to the as- pect of the audience than to the speech of the orator, which contained nothing new to. me. I could, however, mark its influence on the palpitating crowd below. They were ~ “TT am aes

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. stirred as if by subterranean fire. For an hour and a half he held them spell-bound, - and when he ended, the emotion previously pent up burst forth in aroar of acclamation. With a joyful heart and clear conscience I could redeem my promise to Mrs. Carlyle. From the nearest telegraph office I sent her a despatch of three words: ‘A perfect tri- umph,’ and returned towards the-~ hall. _ Noticing a commotion in the street, I came up with the crowd. It was no street brawl, it was not the settlement of a quarrel, but a consensus of acclamation—cheers and ‘bra- vos,’ and a general shieing of caps into the air! Looking ahead I saw two venerable old men walking slowly arm-in-arm in ad- vance of the crowd. ‘They were Carlyle and Erskine. The rector’s audience had turned out to do honour to. their hero. Nothing in the whole ceremony affected Carlyle so deeply as this display of fervor in the open air,” - It is often asserted that French litera- Il Bs. is incapable of affording any valuable culture. Now, to prove this position it would be necessary to show that there are no great French authors, or that they are so much like English that no effort of the intellect and imagination is necessary to comprehend and enjoy them, and manifestly both of these positions would be absurd. The French have a splendid literature, sec- ond:to no other in dignity, richness and var- iety; and it is so different from English that the acquisition of the power of enjoying it affords a training of no mean order. Is there no widening of the mental horizon in the study of those rugged epics of heroic medizevalism, like the ‘‘Song of Roland,”’ which stand like strong granite hills in the . background of French literature? Orof those sweeter epics of chivalry, like the ‘‘ Story of the Holy Grail,’’ which show us the striv- ings of the great heart of the Middle Ages for higher things? Is there no instruction for us in the comparison of that stately and dignified tragedy of the age of Louis XIV. with the tragedy of our own great \ poet? How different they are, and yet how perfect each in its own kind! Do we learn nothing from the study of Moliére, the great- est of all comedy writers? Id if of no value to study the literature of the eighteenth century in France, in which we find the be- ginnings of the modern romance in all its rich variety? Has the study of that grand galaxy of nineteenth century writers, at whose head stands the giant Hugo, no pow- er to awaken thought and imagination? And what shall we say of that school of nat- turalists or realists now so active, who, along with the great Russian writers, are leading the van in the army of European romance writers? Narrow bigotry or ignorance may tell us there is nothing in French literature; those who have tasted know better. ‘There is much, there is a vast mass, the mine is so rich that we are dazed and _ bewildered. Our only difficulty is to know what to leave out. Sowith the other modern languages studied in our University. They are all so rich that the study of any one is a life’s work. A writer has been pointing out that most of the English Poet Laureates have been a sorry lot of poets, which is, perhaps, not to be wondered at in the holders of an office which was instituted simply for the writing of doggerel in praise of the reigning mon- arch, in order to impress the ‘‘ lower orders”’ with his august qualities; a service which was rewarded at the outset with a salary of roo marks and atierce of Canary wine, sub- sequently raised to £100, and then, in our own time, to its present figure of £200. The first Poet Laureate was Ben Jonson, who was appointed in 1619, and was more de- serving of Royal recognition as a poet than many of hissuccessors. Since his time there have only been two or three holders of the office who have been poets of any note. The following is the complete list :—Jonson, Davenant, Dryden, Shadwell, Tate, Rowe, Eusden, Cibber, Whitehead, Warton, Pye, Southey, Wordsworth, and Tennyson. The last three and Dryden are, perhaps, the best

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90 ss "PHE QUERIES MAGAZINE. of the lot. To show the sort of inflat- ed stuff the Poet Laureates used to write ° for their pension, we give two samples of their glorification of the Georges. This is from Eusden’s ‘‘ Ode on the Coronation of George i? Hail, mighty Monarch! whose desert alone Would, without birthright, raise thee toathrone. What strains shall equal to thy glories rise, First of the world, and borderer of the skies? How equisitely great, who canst inspire Such joys that Albion mourns no more thy sire; Thy sire! a prince she loved to that degree She almost trepass’d to the Deity! Almost as flatulent and bombastic, but more grotesque and even impious in its view of ‘‘justice,’’ was Pye’s ‘‘Ode on the Birthday of King George III.,” written in 1800, of which this is a stanza :— God of our fathers rise, And through the thund’ring skies Thy vengeance urge. In awful justice red Be Thy dread arrows sped, But guard our Monarch’s head. God save great George! As a set-off against these extravagant eulo- gies of two of the Georges, let us quote the epigram of one who was a poet, but no courtier or lacquey—Waltar Savage Landor. After the death of the last of the four, he wrote this rather malicious jeu d’esprit— George the First was always reckon’d Vile—but viler George the Second; And what mortal ever heard 7 Any good of George the Third? ‘ When from earth the Fourth descended, God be praised the Georges ended! The production of books in the United States in 1888, as shown by thetitles record- ed in the ‘‘Weekly Record” ot the Publishers’ Weekly, was, next to the year 1886, the largest known in the annals of the publish- ing trade. The figures for 1889 show a marked falling off from 1888, only 4014 books having been recorded against 4631 of the previous year, this being 617 books less than in 1888 and 662 less than in our largest year, 1886. Notwithstanding the great decrease in the total number of books published in. 1889, the department of fiction was larger than the previous year, showing 942 books against 874 of 1888, Every other deparment of current literature testifies to fewer books, but fiction, sad to say, testifies to the reverse. The larger proportion is, we should say, from American writers—a perfect flood of novels from home authors having marked the year. That the majority of them were characterized by the feeblest indications of talent—not to mention genius—and that many, especially from our women writers, were inspired by a motive so base, and illustrated with details so gross, as to put to the blush many famous French offenders in this line, is putting the case mildly. It is a satisfaction, however, to re- cord,-in favor of American sense and moral- ity, that ‘the reaction against this style of literature set in before the close of the year. Several publishers, we understand, with whom the highest idea of their profession does not go beyond a book that sells, checked the demand that they had in a measure created, and responded to the almost universal con- demnation of the press by refusing to ex- amine any further manuscripts in this line offeredthem. The table which follows gives in classes the books of 1888 and 1889—the former being offered for comparison. 1888, 1889. Bg eT a EGS Agta iy a Per ins y- 874 942 CAM eo es oe ee ei ae eee oe? 335 410 TOHVEDLG BOOKS. Ch. nin os re 410 =: 388 Theology and Religion.......... ven ee eS ee Education and Language ............ 413 319 Biography, Mémoire iin... si. ocd aes 247 178 Poetry and the Drama 2.3.8.0) ie82. 280.2 Bt: Fine Art and Illustrated Books ...... 250 \I7I Medical Science, Hygiene ............ I5I 157 Political and Social Science.......... 227° > E89 Literary History and Miscellany...... 291 144 cong) as): RES ip: ) Pa eae err 197 139 oo St a) See Rags Pg ar rere ana e an ane 124 129 Nk cs ne NS ES os Ms 144 110 Physical and Mathematical Science... 56 96 Domestic end Rural... 3 6654 aes 39 44 Sports and Amusements............. 46:43 Mental and Moral Philosophy........ 18 28 Peer Be te se ec es ovis ok ee 47 « 25 4631 4014

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We THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. HISTORICAL. have upon our table a volume, printed in England sometime in the century past, which has been either very well or very badly used, for it is without covers, and its leaves are torn and stained. It declares itself to be ‘‘ The Historian’s Vade Me- cum,” and contains a chronological record of many remarkable occurrences, from which we make some extracts. : BEFORE CHRIST. e 4004. ‘331. AFTER 28. Creation of the world, Oct. 13. On the 4th day of the creation, at noon, according to Kennedy, the earth first received its diurnal motion. Deluge general, threatened in the year of the world 1536; began Sunday, Dec@mber 7, in the year of the world 1656, z. e. 2348 before Christ, Noah being then about 600 years old. The Ark rested upon Mount Ararat, Wednesday, Christ; the tops of the mountains appeared Sunday, July 19. Noah removed the cover- ing of the Ark, Oct. 23; left it Friday, Dec. 18, having been in it 377 days. A great many Roman ladies poisoned their husbands; 170 of them suffered death © for it. a crime. This was the first example of such CHRIST. Nine hundred Roman soldiers taking .shelter in a wood, having been cut to pieces, 48. 74. 424. 4140. after a noble defense, by the Frisians, a people beyond the Rhine, it had such an effect on the Roman army, in’general, that 400 other soldiers that had retreated within a house, fearing they should be betrayed, killed each other to a man. On inquiry there was found to be 1,544,000 citizens in Rome. On examination, several persons at Rome were found to be 100, 120, 130, 131, 132, 138, and 140 years old, and two were ad- vanced to I50. The Persian army fearing they should be cut off by the Romans, threw themselves into the Euphrates, where upwards of 100,000 perished. In the civil wars in Germany, when the Emperor Conrade had besieged the town of Weinsberg, the wife of Guelpho, Duke of Bavaria, solicited, as an article of capitula- tion, a safe conduct to her and the other women in the town; which being complied May 6, 2347 before 1250. 1300. 1315. 1327. 1340. 1348. 1422. or with, each woman took her husband on her back, and so marched out of the place; the Emperor was-so pleased with the thought, that he entertained them splendidly about his tent. So great and so extravagant was the os- tentation of the French nobility about this time, that when Raymond V., Count of Tholouse, held a full court in order to recon- cile two contending powers, the environs of the castle were ploughed and sowed with silver deniers, to the amount of 7500/. of the present sterling money;, victuals were dressed by wax lights, and Raymond de Venons caused thirty of his horses to be burnt before the assembly. About this time, there was not an absolute prince in Europe. Perpetual rains and cold weather having not only destroyed the harvest, but pro- duced a mortality among the cattle, the Parliament endeavored .to moderate the prices of provisions. The rates established were, of our present money, as follows: for the best ox, not corn fed, 2/7 8s. Corn fed, 3/.12s. A fat hog, two years old, 10s. A fat wether, unshorn, 5s; shorn, 3s. 6a. <A fat goose, 7%d. Fat capon, 6d. Hen, 3d. Two chickens, 3¢. Four pidgeons, 3¢., and twenty-four eggs, 3d. Raw skins of cattle, suspended on stakes, were made use of instead of Kettles, to boil meat, in the north of England and in Scot- land. There were 30,000 students in the univer- sity of Oxford. Parliamentary grants to the king were in this kind: this year 30,000 sacks of wool were in the grant. It rained from midsummer to Christmas, so that there was not one day and night dry together. This wet season caused great floods, and a pestilence which raged a whole year. The earth was at the same time barren, and even the sea did not pro- duce such plenty of fish as formerly. The mortality was so great that in the city of London, two hundred bodies were buried every day in the Charter-house yard, beside those interred in other common burying places; this lasted from Candlemas_ to Easter. In the time of Henry VI. the king’s palace was surrounded by little barbers’

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oe | THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. shops, which were under the direction of the barber of the household, and the clerk of the ewry. There being then nocarriages, and the streets being dirty, it is probable that those who went to Court were first shaved or dressed in these stalls or shops. A considerable fee is also given to this barber for shaving every knight of the bath, on his creation, as well as gos. from every baron, Ioos. from every earl, and 1o/. from every duke, on the like occasion. 1456. There were taken at Erith, within 12 miles of London, four wonderful fishes: viz. two whales, one sword -fish, and one called LOS marina. 1467. The people had an extravagant way of adorning their feet. They wore the beaks or peaks of their shoes so long, that they encumbered themselves in their walking, and were forced to tie them up to their knees; the fine gentlemen did theirs with chains of silver, or silver. gilt, and others with laces.’ This ridiculous custom was in vogue ever since the year 1382, but now it was prohibited, on the forfeiture of 20s. and the pain of cursing by the clergy. POPULAR SCIENCE. A curious watch has been brought out in France. The dial is transparent, but there are no works be- hind it, and the hands appear to move by magic. The secret lies in concealing the works at the edge of the case, and communicating the motion to the hands by means of a glass disk, which acts asa toothed wheel. This disk revolves between the front and back of the dial, which are both of glass, and hence its motion is unperceived. ; Some interesting experiments are about to be carried out at Cherbourg, France, with a view of testing the possibility of establishing telephonic connection between vessels of the same fleet at sea. It is stated'that a preliminary trial, which took place recently, demonstrated the fact that a torpedo boat can be kept in communication with the command afloat, and receive direct or- ders as to where to steer and how to actin gene- ral operation. The electric light has found a curious use in Russia—viz., illuminating saintly images in cathe- drals. Thus a magnificent figure of the mpeonna, just placed in the Alexander Newsky Monastery, loaded with precious metalsand gems of immense value, stands glittering in the focus of an electric beam, which is also the case with the ‘‘ Kasan”’ Madonna in St. Petersburg. From near and afar thousands make pilgrimages to these shrines. It _ has been decided to so illuminate the ancient monastery of St. Ursula at Olmutz, the first in- stance on record of its use exclusively in a mo- nastery. The largest black diamond ever found has re- cently been brought to this country from the mines of Bahia, Brazil. It is a sort used for such mechanical appliances as tipping drills, glass- cutters, etc., and to an ordianary observer the stone looks more like a lump of anthracite coal or a bit of coke than like a rare jewel. This diamond is about two inches in length, weighs three hundred and sixty-seven and one half-carats, and is valued at five thousand dollars. Unlike other diamonds, this one will not polish, and hence no jeweler would care to purchase it save for the pur- poses indicated. It is currently said in the newspapers that Gen. Lew Wallace the distinguished statesman and au- thor of ‘‘ Ben Hur,” has invented a steel cross tie, which he confidently expects will revolutionize _ railroad building. When we take into considera- tion that each wooden tie of average size contains forty feet of lumber, board measure, that there are about 2,500 ties to every mile of road, giving 100,000 feet of lumber, and as there are now in operation about 150,000 miles of railroad in this country, that the total amount of lumber used is 15,000,000,000 feet, costing on an average about $1.50 each, it is plain. that a cheaper and better tie is very much to be desired. But one must bear in mind that although there have been hundreds of experiments already with metal ties, none have yet proved satisfactory. There are two difficulties that have not yet been overcome —cost and rigidity. If General Wallace can solve these problems k® will prove a benefactor. Three thermometer scales have survived. The Fahrenheit is the oldest, and dates from 1724. It is used popularly in Great Britan, the British col- onies, and the United States. This scale was primarily divided into 180°; zero was placed at temperate, a point corresponding with 9° C.; the point to which the alcohol rose when placed under the arm of a healthy man was marked g0°; and the temperature of a mixture of ice and salt, then believed to be the greatest possible cold, was | marked —go°. In 1714 Fahrenheit again altered his scale; o° was placed at the absolute zero, and the space between this point and that representing the warmth of the human body was divided into \

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. (93 twenty-four degrees. was now 8°, The freezing point of water But these long degrees being incon- venient, each was divided into four, and thus, in- stead of 8°, the freezing point of water became 32°, and the blood heat 96°. A mercurial ther- mometer thus graduated registered 212° as the boiling point of water. Lemons are cultivated in Florida, California, the south of France, Portugal and Italy ; but their origin isin Asia, and, therefore, it is in that country that the largest growths are to be found, as in its native state it grows to the height of sixty feet, whilst in the European countries it is not of very high growth. In medicine, lemons are most valu- able, and it is the best anti-scorbutic remedy known. It prevents the disease, and goes a long way toward curing it. Sailors take the juice con- stantly while at sea. It is also very good in neuralgia ; the best way of applying it is to rub the afflicted part with a slice of cut lemon, and those persons who desire to keep in good health and be free from billiousness, should take the juice of a lemon in a glass of water, without sugar, be- fore going to bed and upon rising in the morning. Taking lemons without water irritates the stomach, and eventually would cause inflammation. The uses of lemon juice are so numerous that it is im- possible to define them all; but there is no.doubt the more it is employed, both externally and inter- nally, the better people’s health will be. The use of lemons is good for sea-sickness, billiousness and jaundice, and most beneficial in fevers, It is good also to cure warts, and to destroy scurf on the head by rubbing it into the roots of the hair. Lemon-juice is very good for rubbing gums with, and it is a wonderful factor in cleansing ar- ticles from stains and dirt, especially ink-stains. It is one of the curious errors that alcohol stim- ulates the imagination, and gives a clearer, more practical insight into the relation of events of life. .The whirl of thought roused up by the increased circulation of the blood in the brain is not imagi- nation ; it is not a superior insight or conception of the relation of events, but is a rapid reproduc- tion of previous thoughts, soon merging into con- fusion. ideas or new views; all his fancies are tumul- tuous, blurred, and barren. The apparent brill- iancy is only the flash of mania, quickly followed by dementia. Alcohol always lowers the brain capacity, and lowers the power of discriminating the relation of ideas and events. After a few periods of intoxication, the mind under the in- fluence of spirits is a blank, blurred page. The poets and orators who are popularly supposed to The inebriate never creates any new. ' make great efforts under the influence of alcohol, only repeated what had been said before in a tangled delirium of expression. The physicians who are supposed to have greater skill when using spirits have paralyzed their higher brain centers, and have lost all sense of fear or appreciation of the consequences of their acts, and hence act more automatically, simply doing what they have done before without any clear appreciation or discrimi- nation of the results. The inebriate is the best of all the imaginative persons, and the one in whom the higher brain forces of judgment, reason, and conception are the first to give way. The man who uses spirits to give mental force and clearness is doing the very worst thing possible to destroy this.effect. Alcohol is ever and alwaysa paralyzant. It never creates anything; it never gives strength or force that did not exist before; it never gives a clearer conception and power of execution, but always lowers, destroys, and breaks down. _ REVIEWS OF .NEW BOOKS. ‘‘The Law of Husband and Wife,” by Lelia Josephine Robinson, a member of the Boston bar, contains a fund of information | regarding the mutual legal rights of hts- band and wife. The book treats of Mar- riage, Property Rights, Wife’s Separate Es- tate, Wife’s Support and Separate Mainte- nance, Custody of Children, Claims of Widow and Widower, and, lastly, of Di- vorce. It further contains abstracts of the statutory enactments of the different states and territories, thus giving an exact idea of the wife’s legal status. A general knowl- edge of the law on these subjects, like all. knowledge, is worth gaining; and the com- piler of this work, who has written other. treatises upon law, has apparently gotten © together a great deal of information in this little book. Like all works of.its class, however, the information contained in it is more or less fragmentary, and not entirely safe to follow without the aid of a legal ad- visor, and we think, as the author herself is a practitioner, that she does not intend her book to supplant or handicap the ex- pounders of the law. Boston: Lee & Shepard. $1.00.

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94 THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. ‘¢Plant Organization,’ by R. Halsted Ward, M. D., F. R. M. S., Professor of Botany in the Rensselaer Polytechnic In- stitute, Troy, N. Y. This book is a guide to the study of plants. It consists of a synoptical review of the general structure and morphology of plants, clearly drawn out according to biological principles, fully illustrated, and accompanied bya set of blanks for writing’ exercises by pupils. It also provides for some easy microscopical work, if desired. Though requiring a very thorough study and exact understanding of the plants which may be selected for study, the work is so systematized and simplified as to be adapted to the use of beginners, in connection with personal instruction or with ‘any text-book of botany however elemen- tary, and either with or without the em- ployment of technical botanical terms. The work, which is designed for private students or for classes in academies, seminaries, high schools, etc., is now issued in a second and revised edition, after having proved its value. Boston: Ginn & Co. ‘‘American Literature,’ by Albert H. Smyth, A. B., Johns-Hopkins University, is a new text-book for schools, designed to exhibit the progress of American literature. While other writers have published skillful and laborious studies of our literary devel- opment, none has produced so concise and practical a volume for school use as this new book of Mr. Smyth’s, which, though comprehensive in its scope, is sufficiently abbreviated to be completed in one term’s study. Beginning with the Colonial period, it traces the development of our literature down to the present time. The fore part of the book is devoted to the history of American literature, followed by one hun- dred and thirty-two pages of readings from authors fitly chosen to emphasize and illus- trate the historical matter preceding them. Philadelphia: Eldridge & Bro. 90 cents. ‘*The Elements of Astronomy,” by Charles A:« Yound, Ph: D., LL.D., is a new text-book for the use of high schools. and academies. Though not an abridg- ment of the ‘‘General Astronomy,” recently published by the author, this new book in- corporates many of its features, but every- thing has been worked over with especial reference to the high school course. If not a work for beginners, this volume is not abstruse in its nature, and treats every sub-— ject simply and clearly. The student who — ‘has mastered the elementary subjects will find in this text-book a sure and unobstruct- ed path to further knowledge in this most charming of studies. In the text no mathe- matics higher than elementary algebra and geometry is introduced. A brief uranogra- phy is presented, covering the constellations visible in the United States, including a list © of such telescopic objects in each constella- tion as are easily found and that lie within the power of a small telescope. Boston and London: Ginn & Co. $1.50. ‘*The Devil's Dream,” by Evangeline B. Blanchard. This is a well-written temper- ance story. The author claims that the characters described were real, and some of them are still living. In deference to their high respectability new names are assumed, and a veil, woven by the fingers of Charity, is thrown over some scenes that would be too shocking if persons and places were fully revealed. The purpose of the book is to show how the fairest hopes are blasted, the noblest manhood is wrecked, and hap- py homes are turned into horrible hells by the demon of drink. The scene is laid in the northern part of Pennsylvania and the | southern part of New York, the present city of Elmira being one of the interesting lo- calities of the narrative. Placed in the hands ‘of children and young people, this book would be inspiring. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. 12mo, 140 pp., cloth, 75 cents. ‘¢Palmer’s New Pronouncing Pocket Dic- tionary of Musical Terms,” by H. R. Palmer. This neat little work contains upwards of 2,500 definitions, terms and

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- nunciations accurate, and those who. would : i ; ' ’ THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. abbreviations. Great care has evidently been taken to make the definitions and pro- write or speak properly and intelligently about music and musical matters should possess a copy of this useful little book. New York: H. R. Palmer. 25 cents. NEWS AND NOTES. Cheap pirated editions of American novels are said to be among the most popular books sold at the railway stations in India. New Zealand has a favorite poet, Mr. Thomas Bracken. An edition de luxe of his best works in verse and prose is published at Auckland in con- nection with the Jubilee of the Colony. The noted London bookseller, Quaritch, will soon be here, and will hold an exhibition of his treasures. Among them will be the Psalter of 1459, said to be the costliest book in the world. A memoral volume to the late Henry W. Grady has been compiled by his co-workers on the At- lanta Constitution, The book is edited by Joel Chandler Harris, who has succeeded Mr. Brady as editor of the Constitution. Ata recent autograph sale in London, the sig- nature of Voltaire brought onlytwo guineas, while that of Isaac Watts sold for three; and while ten pounds were given for a Boswell letter, one by Johnson brought only nine. | It may interest Browning students to learn that Mr. Benjamin Sagar, an old member of the Brown- ing Society of London, has undertaken to compile alexicon of words and subjects to Mr. Browning’s works on the model of Schmidt’s Shakespere Lexicon. vw Mr. Ruskin was once asked if it would not be / well for the Welsh language to die out and be re- _ placed by the English. ‘‘God forbid!” he replied. | ‘The Welsh fanguage is the language of music. The Scotch have got all the poetry, and the Irish all the wit ; and how we got Shakespere, I do not know.” The Home Journal, of New York, has discarded the ‘‘ blanket sheet,” and adopted the popular eight-page form. The paper was established nearly a half century ago, and is the veteran of all the society periodicals, and in its new form looks as young as any of its more youthful con- temporaries. “95. In 1892, which is to be the centenary of Shelley’s: birth, a work which is to be called ‘‘ Shelley’s. Lexicon Concordance”’ will be brought out by Mr.. ~ Ellis, a member of the English Shelley Society. Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, the Rev. Samuel’ May, and the Rev. S, F. Smith recently dined to-. gether in Boston. They were graduated from: Harvard in the famous class of 1829. Eleven members of the class survive. | Weed, Parsons & Co., of Albany, N. Y., will publish March 1st, an Arbor Day Manualto be an aid in preparing programs for Arbor Day Exer-. cises; compiled by Charles R. Skinner, A. M., Deputy Superintendent of Public Instruction, State of New York. It is to be a book of goo pages. Price $2.50. G. W. Smalley, in the New York 7Zyridbune,. states that an interesting, even surprising, fact relating to America came out at Dr. Robertson Smith’s dinner to the ‘‘Encyclopedia Britannica” contributors. Mr. Black, one of the publishers,. told the company the entire circulation of the new ninth edition was fifty thousand copies, of which. forty thousand went to the United States. The efforts which are being made to induce: Oliver Wendell Holmes to write his autobiography - do not seem likely to be crowned with success. Since his wife’s death, he is disinclined to sustained: work, and pleads that his books tell as much of himself as he wishes the public to know. He de-. sires to do no more work except that which he has already promised, or, as he recently said to a. friend: ‘‘I have sold all my unmown grass.” The readers of the publishing-houses, as well as. the editors of the magazines, find that three-quar-. ters of the MSS. offered are from women. ‘A young lady sent MS. after MS., all of which met with the printed ‘‘unavailable, with thanks.’ Suddenly she bought a camera, with which she illustrated her sketches. As suddenly her wares. found a market. The camera probably did not add to their literary value, but to their practical availability. Statistics of the reading-rooms of the British Museum for 1886, 1887, and 1888 are just pub-. lished in London. They show that visitors con- tinue annually to increase. The number of readers in the year 1886 was 176,803, an average of about 580 per day, and’ the number of books. supplied was 1,247,888. The latest completed — statistics, those for 1888, show that the number of — readers had risen to 188,432, or an average of 620. per diem, and the number of books supplied to. - them to 1,950,060.

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Answers to Questions in this number will appear in the May issue. ENGLISH AND AMERICAN LITERATURE. RUTH RAYMOND. 1. What is the beginning of English poetry? 2. Who was Caedmon? 3. Where did he obtain his song? 4. Who made English prose a literary lan- guage? .5. What work did he finish when dying? 6. Who brought an historical taste England? 7. Which was Chaucer’s last Canterbury Tale? 8. What was the first book printed in England ? 9. How many books in the Faerie Queen? 1o. What was Shakespere’s first play? 11. What was Shakespere’s last historical play?’ 12. What was Shakespere’s last work? 13. What was Ben Johnson’s first play? 14. What was Ben Johnson’s best comedy? 15. Who first used blank verse? 16. What philosopher did Queen Elizabeth call, when a boy, ‘‘ her young lord keeper”? into 17. Whom did she style ‘‘the jewel of her dominion ’’? 18. To whom did Lord Bacon submit his works before publication? 19. Who was nick-named ‘‘the lady” on ac- count of his beauty, delicate taste and morality? 20. Who said ‘‘Big thinkers require big words”? 2 21. How large a vocabulary did Shakespere use? 22. When was Raleigh’s History of the World written? | 23. Who said, ‘‘I have littlke—I want nothing; all my treasure is in Minerva’s tower”? 24. How did Johnson define ‘‘ net-work” ? 25. Howold was Milton when he wrote a Hymn on the Nativity? BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INTERROGATORIES. C. H. CHASE, 26. What does Poe call our best epic? 27. Who wrote “‘ Jurg Jenatsch”’? 28. Under what pseudo did Thackeray publish his burlesque of ‘‘ George de Barnwell’? 29. What is the story of the ‘‘Lady of the Fountain” in Mabinogein founded on? 30. What was the first book printed in the Fin- | ish language? . 31. What is the German title of Stockton’s ‘Rudder Grange’”’ ? 32. Who was the first to print music by mov- able types? | 33. In what work is Sir Francis Drake called ‘* Thalassiarchus Anglus” ? 34. What is the first classical work ever printed; 35. Where is the first map of Australia found? 36. For what book did Bishop More, of Eng- land, offer its weight in gold? _ 37. Whocalculated the first American almanac; in what year; by whom printed, and where? 38. What satire in the form of a play includes the characters of Randolpho and Adamo, ‘‘Two members of the American Congress reported to be men of honor and principle’’? 39. What is generally supposed to be the first folio volume printed in America? 40. When was the first authentic collection of the laws of Scotland printed, and by whom written? 41. What was Ben Johnson’s motto? 42. Who was the author of ‘‘ The Tuggs at Ramsgate”’? 43. What is the earliest English anthology? 44. Who wrote the above? 45. In what poem is the following found? ‘* Men to Atlantic.empire born Look down on Greece and Rome with scorn: Prefer their Mohawks and their Creeks To Romans, Britons, Swiss or Greeks.”’ 46. -In what book is England described under the name of Ailgna? 47. When was sop’s fables first translated into English, and by whom? 48. What is the only English poem written wholly in Alexandrines? 49. What work by Thomas Moore was pub- lished anonymously in 1806? 50. When was the first annual published in England; where; and what was its name?

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. 97 ASTRONOMICAL POINTS. 26. When did Jupiter and Venus approach so near as to appear as one object? 27. What planet did Pliny believe to be the originator of lightning? | 28. How many stars are marked in Argeland- er’s chart of the Northern Hemisphere? 29. Of what magnitude is Algenib? 30. Under the reign of what Chinese emperor occurred a conjunction of Mars, Saturn, Mercury and Jupiter? 31. Give date of the above. 32. Where do we find the most ancient account of- Mercury? 33. Where does he state its location? 34. What name is the comet of 1835 commonly known by? 35. How many stars can be seen in Ursa Major by the naked eye? 36. What did the Greeks call Polaris? 37. What was the distance of Donati’s comet from the earth when first discovered ? 38. What two stars are termed ‘‘ The Point- em? 39. What was the polar star of forty centuries? 40. Who predicted .a solar eclipse, May 28, 584 B. C.? 41. What stars constitute the ‘‘Great Square of Pegasus’”’? 42. Which is the most conspicuous group of stars in the heavens? 43. Where are the ‘‘ Bands of Orion’’ men- tioned ? 44. What is the most brilliant star? 45. What name is sometimes given to the Dolphin? 46. How many elements known to chemists _ does Aldibaran contain? 47. What are they? 48. Who witnessed the first transit of Venus? 49. When did he fix his calculations? 50. What one of the asteroids was discovered n 1807? FICTIONAL CHARACTERIZATIONS. 26. Ogoriben. 27. Madelaine Blanchet. 28. Gluck. es, 29. Rev. Charles Gregdon. 30. Gabrielle. , . 31. Ameres the High Priest. 32. Daria. 33. Benevolus. 34. Aliena. 35. Claude Frollo. 36. Mad Sal of the Sea. 37. John-a-Gudgeon, 38. Peggy. 39. Stapylton Toad. 40. Cecilia Vaughn. 41. Peter Mogg. 42. Lady Delacour. 43. Duncan Mac Dou. 44. Miss Milner. 45. Ragnhild. 46. Edwin of the Green. 47. Maggie Dauder. 48. Mr. Finkelstein. 49. Montesinos. 50. Mother Guillard. ICELANDIC HISTOR Y. C. H. CHASE. 51. How many species of birds are indigenous? 52. What is the most terrible volcano? 53. Name three rivers that are above too miles: in length. 54. When did the ‘‘ Black Death” ravage Ice- land ?. 55. What towns purchased the exclusive right of trade with Iceland in the 16th century? 56. What jarl was banished by the Atheling in 982? ; 57. What country did he explore in his absence? 58. What is the rarest bird? 59. What gigantic chasm is one of the volcanic wonders? 60. What river flows between its walls? 61. What Icelandic philologist is professor of the Norse language in the University of Copen- hagen? 62. What is the supreme parliament called ? 63. When was Christianity first preached ? 64. _By whom? a 65. Who was the author of ‘‘ Landamabok” ? 66. Who established a colony in 874? 67. Who was the first to make the Eddas popular? - 68. What is the first Edda descriptive of ? 69. What is the literal meaning of the word ‘* Edda’’? 7o. What king of Norway contributed by his. tyranny to the population of Iceland ? 71. _ Who framed a code of laws, which the Ice- landers adopted for their constitution? 72. What Norwegian king sent a missionary to Iceland ? 73. When did the Skaptas Jékul have its most ' terrible eruption? “4

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98 74, What poet translated Milton’s ‘‘Paradise ‘Lost”” when seventy years of age? 75. What English clergyman wrote ‘‘ The Ox- nian in Iceland” ? BRITISH INDIA. M, SEARS BROOKS, 51. What constitutes the chief geological form- ation of the Himalayas? 52. What did the Mohammedans, upon their ~ conquest of India; introduce in architecture? 53. What are the best examples of this style? | 54. What is considered the finest single tower in the world ? 55. In whom is the executive power of India ‘now vested, and by whom appointed ? 56. When does the real history of Hindostan commence? 57: When and where did the Afghan Saakiecas ‘fix his seat of government? 58. Who displaced the Afghan monarchs? - 59. What line of princes did he establish? 60. From whom was Baber descended? 61. Who was known as ‘‘ The Great Mogul’? 62. To the reign of what European.ruler has this reign been compared? 63. What are the principal remains of the sancient Brahmanical sciences? 64. What river in India is sometimes called ““Son of Brahma”? 65. What class in India belongs to no caste? 66. Which is the most important of the gee inces of British India? 67. When did England first ete Burmese ‘territory? 68. To the people of what province is ascribed the invention of gunpowder? 69. Where, and by whom, was : built the most magnificent mausoleum in the world ? 70. What is the Sanskrit name for Delhi? 71. To what form of worship is Delhi’s most ‘magnificent temple devoted? 72. Where is the strongest and most complete fortress in India? | 73. How large is its garrison? 74. In what province have the Parsees set- “tled? ee 75. What city affords the best and most com- modious harbor in all India? THE ROVALTY OF JEWISH HISTOR Y. CLARA F. HARRIS. 46. How many, and what are the names of the vqueens who reigned over Judah? THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. 77. But one of the kings of Israel was annoint- ed; who was he, and by whom annointed? 78. What queen is described by the epithet, ‘that wicked woman”? 79. What king pressed into his service every strong and valiant man he saw? 80. What king, in sickness, trusted in physi- cians rather than in the Lord for recovery? 81. What two kings were driven from their, dominions by hornets? 82. What king was wounded in battle, and to avoid the reproach of being killed by a woman, ordered his armor bearer to slay him? 83. What prince was lamed by falling from his nurse’s arms? 84. What king entertained a foreign queen? 85. What king was killed by his two sons? 86. What king plundered the temple and took away the shields of gold? 87. A king ordered a great collection taken; who was it, and what was the collection for? 88. What king had nine hundred chariots of | iron? 89. What king was taught words of wisdom by his mother ? 90. To what queen was given the house of her’ worst enemy? g1. Who was the first king who ruled over the ten tribes of Israel? | 92. What king built a house for his wife? 93. What king provided cedar and fir trees for ‘the temple? 94. For what king did three brave men, at the risk of their lives, procure a drink of water? 95. What queen received all she asked for? 96. What queen gave a banquet to two men 97. What king was cured by using figs? 98. What king Was prophesied of by name long. before his birth? ; 99. Who was made king of Judah at sever’ years of age? 100. Who was king at the time of the great Jewish reformation? BOTANICAL QUERIES. , C. H. CHASE. 76. What valuable grass was introduced into England from America? 77. By whom, and in what year? 78. What is the botanical name of the common cherry? 79. What species of anemone blooms about Easter? 80. The.leaves of what plant gave rise to the capital of the Corinthian pillar?

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THE QUERIES 81. What is called the ‘‘ king’s spear’’? 82. What did Dioscorides call the Heira Botane, or the ‘‘ Holy Herb”? 83. What Persian shrub is called the tamarisk? 84. What grass is used to form permanent past- ure for sheep? 85. What is the name of the Japanese persim- mon? 86. What is the local name for orchard grass? 87. What other name is given to the balloon vine? 6 . is the French name -of the four 88. What o'clock? 89. Give two names for the nigella.. 90. What flower is called ‘‘Flora’s Paint Brush”’? gt. What plant is sometimes called ‘‘lamb’s quarters”? 92. What is the azalea viscosa? 93. Whatis the botanical name of the honey- locust? 3 94. What tea-rose originated at Lyons, France? 95. What is sometimes called Chilian clover? 96. What name is given to a variety of roses of a black-maroon color? 97. What is called the ‘‘ wedding flower’’? 98. What annual is called Coeli Rosa (Rose of Heaven)? go9- What other name is given to the bog onion? too, What plant does Shakespere allude to in Romeo and Juliet? ANSWERS. Answers to Questions that appeared in the January number. ICELANDIC HISTORY. Cc. H. CHASE, e -FSSt. 2. The Thyodtholfr, the Islendengier and the Northi., 3. Floki. 4s: «26, 5. Teeeret, at Reikholt, in the ‘‘ Valley of Smoke.”’ 6. Christian III. of Denmark. a; 4551. 8. Eysteinn Asgriusson. 9. Haco V. of Norway. 10. Murdered by his son-in-law, Gissur. II. 340. 12. Skalholt. 13. The New Icelandic Literary Society. 14. The Hvita and the Tkiorsa. - MAGAZINE. | 99 15. The Arctic fox and a species of field-vole. 16. In the middle of the 13th century. 17. Finnur Johnson. 18. Gardar. Gardar’s Holm. 19. Logmathurman. 20. The Légberg, or Rock of Laws. 21. Aug. 7, 1874. 22. Jorgen Jorgenson. 23. Fin Johnnson. 24. .Helluland ( Flatstone ee) supposed to be Newfoundland. 25. The Raven. BRITISH INDIA. M. SEARS BRUOKS, 1. With the Persians. 2. To the country lying sett the Indus. 3. That region lying south of China, Thibet and Persia. 4. 1498. 5. Indian Archipelago, Hindostan and Chin- India. 3 6. Sanskrit, Prakrit and Maghadi. 7. The Sanskrit. | 8. Calydos. g. ‘‘ The Fatal Ring” and ‘‘ The Cloud Mes- senger.” 10. The Vedas. II. Pannini. 12. Sir William Jones, in 1808. 13. It contains the fundamental sounds of all languages. 14. The Prakrit and its various dialects. 15. The Bengalee. 16. The Maghadi. 17. -In verse, 18. Rig, Yajash, Sama and Atharva. IQ. Treatises upon surgery, medicine, music, war, architecture and the mechanical arts. 20. Disertations upon a astrology and astronomy. 21. By inspiration of God. 22. Valmiki. 23. Fables of Bidpay. 24. All that region lying south of the Nerbudda river. ? : 3 25. Nine: Bengal, Madras, Bombay, Audh, Central Provinces, Northwest Provinces, British Burma, Assam and the Punjab. THE ROYALTY OF JEWISH HISTOR ¥. CLARA F, HARRIS. 26. Ahaz. 27. David. = 28. Abimelech. 29. Ahab. | apse oe |

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30, ¢ UzZiah. 31. 70 years. 32. Nehemiah. 33. Hezekiah. 34. David. 35. Thirty-one. 36. Solomon, his son. 37. Nebuchadnezzar. 38. Hezekiah. 39. King of Ai. 40. Jeroboam, king of Israel. 41. Omri. Samaria. 42. Joseph. 43. David. 44. Manassah. 45. Jonathan. 46. Azubdah. 47. Solomon’s. 48. Og, king of Bashan. 49. Absalom. 50. Rehoboam. BOTANICAL QUERIES. C. H. CHASE, 26. From an amayraindian word, AXhoka, the 27. Coloquintida. 28. The Pulmonaria. 29. Cydonia. Crete. 30. The Quinoa. 31. Ranunculus. 32. The Soma plant. 33. Triticum Monococcum. 34. The Star-wort. 35. Australia. The beefwood tree. 36. Calceolaria, from calceolarius. 37. The Camellia. 38. The Carline Thistle. 39. The Carol. 40. In South Africa. 41. Chervil. 42. Linnzus. 43. The Tomato. - 44. The Cuckoo-pint. 45. Gowan. 46. The Spurge-laurel. 47. The Darnel. 48. The Dionza. 49. Hydrangea Thunbergii. 50. The Lotus. ANCIENT EGYPT. URETTA MC ALLISTER. 76. The real ‘‘ Unity of the Divine Nature,” the only true, living God, self originated, who exists from the beginning. \ THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. 77. ~The lotus. 78. As mystical or sacred. 79. Acacia and heliotrope. 80. Laurel. 81. The scarabeus or beetle,emblem of the sun or the fecundating principle. 82. No. The former was a water-lily, the lat- ter a. shrub with black fruit like the sloe. 83. With excessive fondness; they had them in profusion the year round, exacted tributes of rare plants from tributary nations. 84. The palms, especially the dom palm and the date palm. 85. Cotton, flax, indigo. 86. With abhorrence. 87. Embalming. 88. Wheat, barléy, doora. 89. From right to left. go. Letting the hand fall down as far as the knee. gi. With great respect. Young men meeting an old man made way for him, and always rose when the aged entered a room. g2. At Thebes, by Rameses II. 93. Silk, gold, precious stones, lapis-lazuli and various spices. 94. Inthe mines of their own desert. 95. The immortality of the soul, and the exist- ence of an invisible God. 96. The attributes of Deity were represented in various forms; the priests and the learned regard- ed these as mere symbols, but to the ignorant’ they were objects of worship. 97. Their unchangeableness. 98. No. Among the Egyptians we find the earliest recorded examples. There is a map on papyrus at Turin, 1000 years older than that of Anaximinder. 99. The finding of the ‘‘ Rosetta Stone.” too. Near the Rosetta mouth of the Nile, an engineer under Napoleon, at the close of the last century, was digging a foundation fora fort, when he found this famous stone. ENGLISH LITERATURE. ; AMANDA COLE.. 76. - 154. 77. (a) Marselais; (b) God Save the Queen; (c) America. 78. Goldsmith. 5. 79. Oldest version found in the Lambeth MS., 487. 80. Sir Philip Sidney. gr. I erdibras. 82. Ben Johnson. 83. Burns’ Ode to Mt. Daisy.

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THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. 84. Wordsworth,Southey and Coleridge resided at Reswick, in the Lake district,and hence received the appellation ‘‘ Lake Poets.”’ 85. Béranger. 86. Pushkim. 87. Fielding. 88. Milton’s ‘‘L’Allegro” and ‘‘Il Penseroso.” 89. Sanskrit. | go. During Shakespere’s lifetime and through- out a large part of 17th century single plays of Shakespere’s appeared in quarto form, some, no doubt, printed from Shakesperian MS. gt. -‘‘She Stoops to Conquer.” g2. Aristotle. 93. Aryan or Asiatic: (a) Indian and Sanskrit, (b) Persian Iranian, Zend and Old Persian. 94. Scotland. 95. Edmond Spenser, Milton, Dryden, Pope, Dr. Johnson, Gray, Goldsmith, Burns, Cowper; Coleridge, Scott, Wordsworth, Byron, Keats and Shelley. : 96. Wordsworth’s.‘‘ Ode to Immortality.” 97. Spanish. 98. Haneck. 99. Wesley’s ‘‘ Jesus, Lover of My Soul.” 100. Ist eight called the octave; last six, sextette. PRIZE COMPETITION. This prize competition is offered in the belief that it will not only prove interesting to many readers of the Magazine, but that it will also, in a general way, lead to commendable research into the works of English and American poets. The quotations selected are mostly from well-known authors; all of them are taken from books. The scheme of this competition includes seventy- five quotations, twenty-five of which are printed herewith, a like number to be printed in both the April and May issues. Prizes will be awarded to competitors naming the largest number of the “authors and the titles of the poems, from which the seventy-five quotations are taken. In the answers the quotations can be designated simply by their numbers. Only such answers as are complete and correct in all respects, will be credited. Answers to the complete series are due on June 1oth, and must bear post-mark of no later date to be credited. Prizes will be awarded June 2oth, in the order of merit. PAGE Re se es cis was $15.00 in cash. SOGORG PVICG. 2k cts 10,00 ** x25 EE IIE 5 be os Se TE 5:00 “* aa Fourth Prize... ...6 24.6)... ae FUG PUIG i cok ies i os en moo The competition is open to subscribers only. ‘ ie Boundless and deep, the forests weave Their twilight shade thy borders o’er, And threatening cliffs, like giants, heave . Their rugged forms along the shore. II. We hear, when night drops downward And the bay throbs under the stars, The ocean-voices blending With ripple of soft guitars. III. I think of thee, oh dearest one! Whose love my early life hath blest: Of thee and him—our baby son— Who slumbers on thy gentle breast. God of the tender, frail and lone, Oh! guard that little sleeper’s rest! IV. Out of to-day’s sin and sorrow, Into a blissful to-morrow, Into a day without gloom; Out of a land filled with sighing, Land of the dead and the dying, Into a land without tomb. © V. The music of earth is ended, Or the strains come fitful and few, While the slender shadows, decaying, Fall faintlier ’mid the dew. VI. Once I wished a thousand things, Thceughts that soar on eagle wings Followed in their soaring; Now my raptures rarely rise Further than thy dear grey eyes There mine ardours pouring. VII. Ancient highway, thou art vanquished! The usurper of the vale Rolls in fiery, iron rattle, Exultations on the gale. VIII. Drenched to its core with gentle fire, The cloud, at every mellowing change, Shows tranquil lakes and lovely vales And massive mountains range on range! EAs The smell of the flowering grasses Is sweeter than any rose, And a million happy insects Sing in the warm repose. X. Our boyish sports were all the same, Each little joy and woe;— Let manhood keep alive the flame Lit up so long ago. XI. Who is the poet? Who is he IOI But the man of tears in the midst of glee; And who is he but the man of mirth Amid the sorrows and sighs of earth?

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I02 XII. All sciences are branches, each Of that first science,—Wisdom. Seize The true point whence, if thou shouldst reach Thine arm out, thou may’st grasp all these. XIII. The pitying heart that felt for human woe; The dauntless heart that fear’d no human pride; . The friend of man, to vice alone a foe; ‘‘For even his failings lean’d to virtue’s side.” XIV. Beneath your boughs, at fall of dew, By lover’s lips is softly told The tale that all the ages through Has kept the world from growing old. XV. Now gaze on Nature,—yet the same, Glowing with life, by breezes fanned, Luxuriant, lovely, as she came, Fresh in her youth, from God’s own hand, XVI. The crescent moon and crimson eve Shone with a mingling light; The deer upon the grassy mead, * Was feeding full in sight. AVG. On downy bed the world seeks rest, Sleep flies the guilty eye, But he who leans on the Father’s breast May sleep when storms are nigh. XVIII. Lives of great men all remind us We can make our lives sublime, And, departing, leave behind us Footprints on the sands of Time. XIX. The annals of the human race, Their ruins, since the world began, Of him afford no other trace Than this,—There lived a man! item: XK, The tree of deepest root is found Least willing still to quit the ground; ’Twas therefore said by ancient sages, That love of life increased with years So much, that in our latter stages, When pains grow sharp, and sickness rages, The greatest love of life appears. XXI. Though richest hues the peacock’s plumes adorn, Yet horror screams from his discordant throat. XXII. There is no flesh in man’s obdurate heart, Jt does not feel for man; the natural bond THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. Of brotherhood is sever'd as the flax That falls asunder at the touch of fire.. XXIII. Through many a gorge and many a ledge, Bold shall we urge our way;—. Love’s amulet—this one pure pledge— Shall hold us lest we stray. XXIV. To a flaming barn or farm My fancies never roam; The fire I yearn to kindle and burn Is on the hearth of home. XXV. There’s freshness in the glistening dew. There ’s freshness on the morning's face. There’s freshness in the bright, the new.,. And in the younger race. ey OPEN CONGRESS. " ‘* UNDER THE ROSE.” 296.— What is the origin of the term sud rosa? j w. ‘*The expression, ‘under the rose,’ took its. origin,” says Jenoway, ‘‘from the wars between the houses of York and Lancaster. The parties respectively swore by the red or the white rose, and these opposite emblems were displayed as the signs of two taverns; one of which was by the side of, and the other opposite to, the Parliament House’ in Old Palace Yard, Westminster. Here the retainers and servants of the noblemen attached to the Duke of York and Henry VI. used to meet. Here also, as disturbances were frequent, meas- ures either of defence or annoyance were taken, and every transaction was said to be done ‘under the rose,’ by which expression the most profound secresy was implied.” According to others, this. term originated in the fable of Cupid giving the rose to Harpocrates, the god of silence as a bribe to prevent him betraying the amours of Venus,. and was hence adopted as the emblem of silence. The rose was for this reason frequently sculptured on the’ceilings of drinking and feasting rooms, as a warning to the guests that what was said in moments of conviviality should not be repeated; from which, what was intended to be kept secret. was said to be held ‘‘ under the rose.” To this. derivation the following verses refer, Est Rosa flos Veneris, quem, quo sua furta laterent, | Harpocrati, Matris dona, dicavit Amor. Inde rosam mensis hospes suspendit amicis, Convive ut sub ea dicta tacenda sciant.

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— Se —E— ee eMEDI THE Favorite Prescrip- tions of the Brightest Medical Minds in the world, as used by them in the Hospitals of Lon- don, Paris, Berlin an Vienna. No. 1—Cures Catarrh, Hay Fever, Rose Cold, Catarrhal Deafness, | No. 2—Coughs, Colds, Bronchitis, Ast4- ma, Consumption, An incomparable { remedy—restores wasted tissues and gives a new lease of life, Wo. 3—Rheumatism, Gout, : No. 4—Liver & Kidneys, Dyspepsia, Indigestion, Constipation, Brights Di- sease. A favorite slaughter-field for the quack, who has ruined more stom- achs than alcohol, Use a remedy sanctioned in high places. Wo. 6—Fever and Ague, Dumb Ague, Malaria, Neuralgia Wo. 6.—Female Weakness, Irregu- larities, Whites. A golden remedy. No. 7—A Perfect Tonic, which gives Health, Form and Fullness, Clear Com- plexion, Good Blood and lots of it. Wo. 8—Nervous Debility, Loss of Power, Impotence. A genuine remedy for an unfortunate condition. we Every bottle guaranteed to cure its RELIABLE fspecial disease, if CURABLE, and to ive permanent relief ALWAYS, Cire ACENTS kbd describing these remedies sent $ W ANTED free on application. HOSPITAL REM- * IeDY COMPANY!Toronto, Canada. LADIES moe x as POZZONIS — MEDICATED COMPLEXION POWDER. Ce ‘ It imparts a brilliant transparency to the skin. Removes all pimples, freckles, and discolorations, and makes the skin delicate- ly soft and beautiful. It contains no lime, white lead or arsenic. In three shades; pink or flesh, white and brunette. FOR SALE BY AL Druggists and Fancy Goods Dealers Everywhere. BEWARE OF IMITATIONS. OS FEDIES ES EE EE SS MISCELLANEOUS. — | STUDY. LATIN ano GREEK AT SIGHT,use the “INTERLINEAR-CLASSICS.” Sample page and Catalogue of School-Books, free. C. DESILVER & SONS, No. (E) 1102 Walnut Street, PHIL- ADELPHIA, PA. WANTED ONCE scn :69 few goodmen tosell .. our goodsbysampletothe wholesale |. and retail trade. We are the largest manufacturersin ourlinein the world. Liberalsalary paid. Perma- nent position, Money advanced for wages, advertising, etc. For full terms address, Centennial Mfg. Co. Chicago, Ill., or Cincinnati, Oo 100 SONGS fora 2 cent stamp Ilomse & Yourn,, Capiz, O. SEED 6 pkts. of iny choicest Flower Seeds, 10e. Beauti- + ful catalogue free. F. B. MILLS, Thorn Hill, N.Y. 3000 more Words and nearly 2000 more Illus- trations than any other American Dictionary.“ An Invaluable Companion in every School and at every Fireside. Sold by all Booksellers, Illustrated Pamphlet sent free. G. & C. MERRIAM & CO., Pub’rs, Springfield, Mass. OLLEGE AND SCHOOL, Utica, N.Y. Brief, Bright, Beautiful. $1.00 a Year. Trial Sub- scription, 6 months, 25 cts. Specimen free. DO VO INTHND TO BUILD P Only $1,100 will put up this deauté/ul seven-room cottage from our plans. It contains a parlor 12x 14, a dining room 13x14, kitchen 12x 14, and sewing room 9 xo. Second story contains three large bedrooms. This house has ample porch room and has been well built from the plans we furnish, for $1,100. We give everything necessary for you to make a clear and satisfactorv contract with your builder. | Our Atlas of Sexszble Low-Cost Houses (a portfolio 11x 14 inches) contains illustrations, floor plans, and descriptions of houses ranging in cost from $800 to $7,200. In it are given, our prices for plans, specifications and details from which these houses can be built. Price of Atlas, $1.00 by mail. We have also now ready our Supplement to Sensible Low- Cost Houses for 1890, a similar Atlas containing new and original plans for houses, designed and built during ** 89.” This contains houses from $600 to 83, 500. Price 1890 Supple- ment, $1.00. Complete Atlas and Supplement, $2.00 by mail. Address, NATIONAL ARCHITECTS’ UNION,.~ 927 Chestnut Street, :. « Philadelphia, Pa,’

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¥ THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. A Mownturiy Review or LITERARY, ART, SCIENTIFIC AND GENERAL EDUCATIONAL QUESTIONS OF THE Day. SUBSCRIPTION :—In the United States and Canada, One Dollar ayear. Foreign, Six Shillings. Single copies, ten cents, To Contrisutors :—Contributions are solicited for Tue Toy om MAGAzINE on all subjects of general interest. The riends of i ing education who are willing to promote the interests of this mode of instruction are invited to furnish a series of one hundred —— and answers for early publica- tion. Contributors will please use due caution in compilation, as it isa part of the plan of publication that all questions should be known only to the contributor and the Editor before appear- ing in the magazine. To Susscripers :—Persons ordering a change in the direc- tions of the magazine must give both the old and the new ad- dress in full. All subscribers who do not receive their magazine promptly will please notify usatonce. The receipt of the magazine will be a sufficient acknowledgement for a single subscription. When no time is specified, it will be un- derstood that the subscriber wishes to commence with the current number. Remit by Postal Note, Money Order or si on New York. All communications should be ad- ressed to THE WENBORNE-SUMNER CO., BUFFALO, N. Y. BOUND VOLUMES OF “QUERIES.” No. 1.—Out of print. No: 2.—A few copies left, half morocco, $2.50. No. 3.—Half morocco, - - - 2.25. No. 4.— ‘‘ 5y - - - 2.25. No, Se 64%. * - - - - 2.25. EDITOR’S TABLE. For the information of many new readers of THE QUERIES MAGAZINE, we repeat that the pre- ceding volumes were published under the name of Queries. This title appeared to be too similar to that of one or two other publications, without having a distinguishing sound. Thus, communications intended for this magazine and sent to this city, occasionally had the address of Votes and Queries or American Notes and Queries, both of which are esteemed contemporaries, or of Queries with Answers, which is the title of a widely known series of question books issued from this office. We trust that the amended title will be more satis- factory in all these respects. Attention is called to the New Premium Offers, printed on the second and third pages of the cover. Many readers of the magazine have, in the past, sent us new names, together with their re- newals. We wish to offer to those, who will take the trouble to explain the special features of this magazine to their friends, and to procure their subscriptions, a fair compensation in the shape of these premiums, all of which are strictly as rep- resented in the advertisement. \\ — , at C ait’ Ty yA) . Ds on FE SEAS CONSUMPTION SURELY CURED. To THE EDITOR: Please inform your readers that I have a positive remedy for above named disease. By its timely use thousands of hopeless cases have been perma- nently cured. I shall be glad to send two bottles of my remedy FREE to any of your readers who have consumption, if they will send me their Ex- press and P. O, address. Respectfully, T. A. SLOCUM, M.C., 181. Pearl St., New York. ¥ CATARRH, Catarrhal Deafness—Hay Fever. A New Home Treatment. Sufferers are not generally aware that these diseases are contagious, or that they are due to the presence of living parasites in the lining membrane of the nase and eustachian tubes. Microscopic research, however, has proved this to bea fact, and the result of this discovery is that a simple remedy has been formulated whereby catarrh, catarrhal deafness and hay fever are permanently cured in from one tothree simple applications made at home by the patient once in twoweeks. N.B.— This treatment is not a snuff or an ointment; both have been discarded by reputable physicians as injurious. A pamphlet explaining this new treat- ment is sent on receipt of ten cents by A. H. DIxon, & SON, 337 and 339 West King Street, Toronto, Canada.— Zoronto Globe. Sufferers from Catarrhal troubles should care- fully read the above. ‘ CONSUMPTION CURED. An old physician, retired from practice, had placed in his hands by an East India Missionary the formula of a simple vegetable remedy for the speedy and permanent cure of Consumption, Bronchitis, Catarrh, Asthma, and all Throat and Lung Affections, also a positive and radical cure for Nervous Debility and all Nervous Complaints. Having tested its wonderful curative powers in thousands of cases, and desiring to relieve human suffering, I will send free of charge to all who wish it, this recipe in German, French or English, with full directions for preparing and using. Sent by mail, by addressing, with stamp, naming this paper, W. A. Noyes, 820 Powers’ Block, Rochester, The WENBORNE-SUMNER Co’s. ‘‘Art Printery,” 258 Pearl Street, Buffalo, N. Y., is prepared to fur- nish printed matter of every kind, books, cata- logues, stationery, etc., promptly and at low ‘prices for work unexcelled in «point of workman- ship. Unique designs are made a specialty. En- gravings for illustrations are produced by any of the known processes. Correspondence solicited.

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\ New Premiums. Offered by THE QUERIES MAGAZINE. (Continued from Second Page Cover.) WASHINGTON IRVING'S COMPLETE WORKS. IGHT volumes, in fine cloth, gilt tops. Regular publishers’ price, $12.00. We will furnish by express, prepaid, this set in combination with THE QUERIES MAGAZINE as follows: Complete set and two subscriptions for $ 8.50. | Complete set and fifteen subscriptions for $16.00. 66 sé 66 four * 66 sé 10.00. sé 66 6é twenty 66 20.00. THE CELEBRATED LEATHER STOCKING TALES Of JAMES FENIMORE COOPER. FIVE VOLUMES: THE PRAIRIE. _ ae ~~~ THE" DEERSLAYER. |< THE PATHFINDER. . | 3 THE PIONEER. } ~~ : 2 THE LAST OF L — : DEERSLAYE | Fy =e~ Fe , 25 2 Ee DY ee A i athe tegnd AES as Ape a eh ee OP. PP “<2 LEXTHER STOCKING TALES THE MOHICANS. : It is a matter of national pride that Cooper’s Novels are so widely read. They are wonderfully interesting and § true to life, and a perusal of them will = enable the reader to form a better idea * of the manners and customs, as well as the struggles and trials of our country ———————— Wh in its early history, than can be had ———————— —— ——— = from any other source. The books are well printed, in large type, on good paper, firmly but cheaply bound. We will , furnish the five volumes complete, postage prepaid, And one subscription for $1.50. And two subscriptions for $2.15. And three subscriptions for $3.00, POPULAR (2M0. EDITION oF STANDARD AUTHORS. Good print and paper, cloth binding, gilt and stamped covers, Regular price, 50 cents per volume. We will furnish any book, postpaid, ? And one subscription for $1.30. , And two subscriptions for $2.00. Select from the following list: Vanity Fair, Last Days of Pompeii, Tom Brown's School Days, Willy Reilly and his Dear Colleen Bawn, Vicar of Wakefield, Grimm's Fairy Tales, LE sop’s Fables, The Scottish Chiefs, Thaddeus of Warsaw, Don Qurxote de la Marcha, Gulliver's Travels, The Pilgrim's Progress, Jane Eyre, Adam Bede, Romola, Irving's Sketch Book, By Woman's Wit, King Solomon's Mines, Allan Quartermain, Called Back, Lays of Ancient Rome, Foul Play, Put Yourself in Fis Place, Woman Hater, Michael Strogoff, Five Weeks in a Balloon, Lady Audley's Secret, Robert Elsmere. SOLID 14 KARAT GOLD LADY'S WATCH. Stem Wind and Set. ELGIN Movement. These watches usually retail for from $40 to $45... They are guar- anteed in all respects as represented; and are furnished to us by one of the best known Jewely houses in the country, complete and ready to run, under a strict warrranty to the publishers of this magazine. We offer this grand premium upon terms which do not begin to reimburse us for our actual outlay—expecting that such extended efforts as are required to obtain this premium, must result in permanent benefit to the Queriés Magazine. We offer to — furnish the solid gold 14 K lady’s watch, with Elgin movement, And twenty subscriptions for $36.00. | And thirty subscriptions for $40.00, And fifty subscriptions for $50.00. 7 Address all orders to THE WENBORNE-SUMNER CO., Buffalo, N. Y. ’ ; ri pt

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