Queries Illustrated: A Monthly Review of Literary, Art, Scientific and General Educational Questions of the Day (May, 1888)

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¥ = - QUERIES, MAY, 1888. MUSIC | This great song book for schools, singing ; classes, &c., contains 192 pP- of rudiments, exer- AT cises, songs, glees, &c. Single copies by mail, SIG HT 50C.; by express, $5 per doz.; $40 per too. J J. H. KurRzENKNABE & Sons, Harrisburg, Pa. | G ATES ; The popular Sunday-School Singing Book, mmense success. Over 40,000 copies already sold. AJ AR Single copy, postpaid, 35 cts. By express, $3.60 et per dozen; $30 per hundred. J.H. KURZENKNABE & SONS, Harrisburg, Pa. DEGREES, COLLEGE and HIGH SCHOOL Conferred wzthout residence. Any one can secure this desir- able end by pursuing a course of study by CORRESPONDENCE under eminent College Professors, at slight cost.. Those who have left College without graduating should write us for requisite conditions and graduate as soon-as possible. ull information of Courses, Professors, Monthly Ques- tions, etc., given in the UNION READING CIRCLE, a large 16-page Literary Journal, sample copy of which and application form for membership will be mailed to any address on receipt of ro cts. in postage stamps. Address COR. UNI- VERSITY,: BOX 0, CHICAGO, TLL. N. B.—Situations to teach _/vee to members and subscribers. Agents wanted. # $93 Sewing Machine Free ' We want one person in every village, town and township, to keep in their homesa line of our ART SAMPLES;; to those who will keep and simply show these samples to those who call, we will send, free, the very best Sew- ing Machine manufactured in the world, with all the attachments. This ma- chine is made after the SINGER patents, which haveexpired. Before the patents run out, this style machine, with the attachments, was sold for $93; it now sells for $50. Reader, it may seem to you the most WONDERFUL THING ON EARTH, but you can secure one of these machines ABSOLUTE- LY FREE, provided your application comes in first, from your locality, and if you will keep in your home and show to those who call, a set of our ele- gant and unequaled art samples. We do not ask you to show these samples for more than two months, and then they become your own property. The art samples are sent to you ABSOLUTELY FREE ofcost. How can we do all this?—easily enough! Weoften get as much as $2,000 or $3,000 in trade from even a small place, after our art samples have remained where they could be seen fora month or two. We need one person in each locality, all over the country, and take this means of securing them at once. Those who write to us at once, will secure, FREE, the very best Sewing Machine manu- factured, and the finest general assortment of works of high art ever shown together in America. All particulars FREE by return mail. Write at once; a postal card on which to write to us will cost you but one cent, and after you know all, should you conclude to go no further, why no harm is done. Wonderful as it seems, you need no capital—all is free. Address at once, TRUE & CO, AUGUSTA, MAINE. 4 Your Name on this Pencil Stamp, 25c, é with India Ink, agt’s terms & outfit free fr fone are selling hundredsofthesest’ps. . alman Mfr. Co., Baltimore, Md.,U.5. A. LeadingImporters & Wholesale StampHouse, We will print yourname and add“ess in American Agents’ Directory, for only 12 ® cents in postage stamps; you will then re- ceive great numbers of pictures, cards, catalogues, books, sample works of art, circulars, magazines, papers, general samples, etc., etc., UNCOVERING to you the great broad field of the great employment and agency business, Those whose names are in this Directory often receive that which if pur- chased, would cost $20 or $30 cash. Thousands of men and women make large sums of money in the agency business. Tens of millions of dollars worth of goods are yearly sold through agents. This Directory is sought and used by the leading publishers, booksellers, novelty dealers, inventors and manufacturers of the United States and Europe. It isregarded as the standard Agents’Directory of the world andis relied upon: a harvest awaits all whose names appearin it. Those whose names are in it will keep posted on all the new money making things that come out, while litera- ture will flow to them in a steady stream. The great bargains of the most reliable firms will be put before all. Agents make money in their own local- ities. Agents make money traveling all around. Some agents make over ten thousand dollars a year. All depends on what the agent hasto sell. Few there are who know allabout the business of those who employ agents; those who have this information make big money easily; those whose names are in this Directory get this information FREE and complete. This Directory is used by all first-class firms, all over the world, who employ agents. Over 1,000 such firms useit. Your name in this directory will bring you in great information and large value; thousands will through it be led to profitable work, and FORTUNE Reader, the very best small investment ‘you can make, is to have your name and acdress printed in this directory. Address. AMERICAN AGENTS’ DIRECTORY, Augusta, Maine. ae HISTORY IN RHYME. AID TO THE MEMORY. By Mrs. CHARLES H. GARDNER, of School for Young Ladies, 607 Fifth Ave., New York. Eng- land, France, and America, through Revolutionary War. Price 60 cts. Discount to teachers and agents. SEE HERE { Why not save onze-hal/ on 1,000 Useful * Articles? Send for Catalogue. Big pay to Agents. CHICAGO SCALE CO., Chicago, Ill. O10 = FREE ! Our new stamping outfitis free to every read er of this publication; it contains 1@@ perfo- rated stamping patterns andincludesa greatva- y riety of all sizes that are wanted. This outfit isa real work of art ; no stamping outfit has ever been offered heretofore, on which anything & like so much artistic ability was broughtto ¢& bear. With each outfit 1s A BOX of BEST STAMPING POWDER, PAD,AND Book of IN- STRUCTIONS, giving full directions for stamping, tells how to make the powder and stamping aint, contains instructions for Lustre, Sc eustnetan and Hand painting, tells colors to use {n painting—red, white, blue, yellow, pink and other flowers; also contains hints and instructions on other matters, too numerous to mention. Bought singly, or a few patterns at a time, at usual prices, the equal of the above*would cost #10. Although it is free, yet this is the Regal Queen of Stamping Outfits and on every hand is acknowledged to be superi- or, yes, very much superior, and very much more desirable than those which have been selling for #1 each and upwards. By having 200,000 of these outfits made for us, during the dull season, we get them at first cost ; the manufacturer was glad to take the order, at cost, that his help might be kept at work. All may depend thatit isthe very best, most artistic and in every way desirable outfit ever put before the public. Farm and House- keeper (monthly. 16 large pages, 64 long columns, regular price 75 cents a year) is generally acknowledged to be the best general agricultural, housekeeping and family journal in America; it is entertaining and of greatest interest, as well as useful; its contributors embrace the widest range of brilliant talent. Furthermore, we have lately become managing owners of that grand monthly, Sunshine, for youth; also, for those of all ages whose hearts are not withered; 16 large pages, 64 long columns, regular price 75 cents a year. Sunshine is known favorably as the best youth's monthly in America. The best writers for youth. in the world, are its regular contributors; it is now quoted all over the world as-standing at the head. Both papers are splendidly illustrated by the bestartists. We will take 200,000 trial year subscribers at a rice which gives us but a moderate portion of the cost. FREE ’ Furthermore, every trial year subscriber, for either of the | REAL VALUE \ papers will receive free by mail our new 100 pattern Stamping Outfit. Trial year subscriptions will be received ———<==<—" for either of the papers as follows: 1 subscription and I outfit, BZ cents; B subscriptions and 2 outfits, if sent_at one time, 55 cents; 4 subscriptions and 4 outfits, if sent at one time, ®1. For $1 send @ dollar bill, but for less, send Mecent postage stamps. Better at once get three friends to join you, at 25centseach; youcandoitina few minutes and they will thank you; papers will be mailed regularly to their separate addresses While trial year subscribers are served for much less than cost, it proves the rule that a very large proportion of all who read either paper for a year, want it thereafter, and are willing to pay the regular price of 75 centsa year; through this, astime rolls on, wereapa rofit that satisfies us. Thetrial year subscriptions arealmost free, and this the REE M Regal Queen of Stamping Outfits—the best ever known—is entirely free. It is the greatest and best ——ame" offer ever made to the public. Large sizes of patterns —every size that can be desired 1s included; all other outfits surpassed, by this, the best, the most artistic, the Regal Queen. Below wegivea list of a few of the patterns: spaceis too valuable to admit of naming all: -] Popphes for Scarf, 71-2 inch, 2 bg bse, 7 1-2 inch, 3 Splendid Tinsel design, 8 inch; 4 Golden Rod, 4 inch; 5 Pond Lilies: 6 Pansies; 7 Moss Rose Buds; 8 Tube Roses; 9 Wheat; 10 Oak Leaves; 11 Maiden Hair Ferns; 12 Boy; 13 Girl's Head; 14 Bird; 15 Strawberries: 16 Owl; 17-Dog; 18 Butterfly , 19 Apple Blossoms; 20 Calla Lily; 21 Anchor; 22 Mornirtgs Glories : 23 Japanese Lilies; 24 Rabbit; 25 Bunch Forget-me-nots; 26 Fuch- sias‘ 27 Bell Drops; 28 Fan; 29 Clown’s Head; 30 Cat’s Head. @@ other splendid patterns are included in this Regal Queen of stamping outfits —in all 100 patterns. Safe delivery guaranteed. Possessing this outfit any Jady can, without expense, make home beautifulin many ways, canem- brorder childreng’ and ladies’ clothing in the most charming manner, and readily make money by doing stamping, Lustre, Kensington and Hand painting for others. A good stamping outfit 1s indispensable to every woman who cares to make home beautiful. This outfit contains patterns for each and every branch of needle work, flower painting, etc., andthe Book of Instructions makes all clear and really easy. This outfit will do more for HOME and LADIES than many times the amount ofa trial bined subscription spent otherwise; no home should be with outit. The eautiful designs of this REGAL QUEEN of outfits ARE ALL THE RAGE _wherever seen; when ever one or tworeach a locality their fame spreads, and many TRIAL YEAR subscriptions usually follow. Many who have paid from #1 to SS for outfits and were satisfied until they saw our designs, have secured our outfit and laid aside forever the others. Those whosub- scribe wil] find the papers well worth several times the triflingcost of a trial year subscription, and the majority will make up to us theloss, that this year we incur, through such a low price, by continuing subscribers, year after year, at the regular price, which all will be willing to admit is low enough. The money will gladly be refunded to any one who is not fully satisfied. Address, GEORGE STINSON & CO., Box 355 Portland, Maine.

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LIOGRAPHER AND REFERENCE LIST. The publishers beg to announce the issue, on May rst, 1888, of the first number of THE BIBLIOGRAPHER AND REFERENCE LiIsT, to be published monthly in magazine form, similar in mechanical make-up to that of QUERIES. THE BIBLIOGRAPHER AND REFERENCE LAsT is intended to be a guide and handy help to the student and lover of books, to the author, publisher, bookseller and librarian. It is to make bibliography practical and available; practical, because the manner of issue will admit of periodical correction and addition; available, because of its cheapness. The Editorial Department is intended to be marked by special thoroughness of research, freshness of thought, and candor of statement. The prominent features of the magazine are accuracy, conciseness and completeness. Each subject will be exhausted so far as lies within the power of the editors to obtain information. Special contributions will be received from the leading scholars of this country and England. THE BIBLIOGRAPHER AND REFERENCE List will be broad in its scope, attractive in appearance, and varied in its choice of subjects. Each division will be completed, when possible, in one monthly part. Each list of books will consist of a bibliographical account of the works catalogued by all American, and the principal English publishers relating to the subject under consideration. Books are recorded alphabetically by the author in a manner similar to the form adopted by the American Library Association, giving a transcription of the title-page, with size, number of pages, binding, price, etc. In most cases, each entry is accompanied by a brief descriptive and historical notice. As a supplement to the above, a Reference List of books out of print, magazine articles, etc., is given. Within the past few years, the science of bibliography in the various departments of knowledge has made great progress, and it:is hoped that the.value of ‘THE BIBLIOGRAPHER AND REFERENCE List will at once be recognized by all who collect or read books. The magazine is printed from new type throughout, and great pains is taken to give it a fresh and attractive appearance. NUMBER ONE NOW READY: EIISTORY OF LITERATURE. This number will be found to be the most complete bibliography of English and American Literature in print. Will be sent postpaid to any address on receipt of twenty-five cents. MOULTON, WENBORNE & CO., Publishers, 37-39 Court Street, Buffalo, N. Y.

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« E —~)/ SS ia, > ally ~ ; WQZ ) US ’ RIe SSAA, z G2 = -* . he (> 2 " ~ _ . —— . _ a, S\ ~ sr oI ASS ~ Which Cyclopedia? z It is generally admitted that a good Cyclopedia is a desirable pos- session for every home. As to which Cyclopedia is the best for popular use, the “ Doctors disagree.” Evidently the matter of choice should de- pend somewhat upon the use for which it is intended. A customer of AtpEN’s Maniroip Cyciopepia writes to the publisher as follows : ‘‘T have been exhibiting the Manifold among my acquaintances, and expatiating on its excellence and wonderful cheapness, Among thoseto whom I have shown the volumes, I found but one young man who did not need the Manifold. He has a cyclopedia ; a number of large volumes; he did not know how many, nor did he know the name of the editor or publisher; but they are very large, heavy vol- umes. Believing hedid not frequently consult them, I asked if he ever used them. ‘** Certainly,’ said he, ‘I use them every day.’ ‘* ¢ What can you possibly do with them ?’ ‘¢* Why, I press my trousers with them.’ 7 ‘¢*My dear sir,’ said I, ‘you do not need the Manifold. Mr. Alden publishes books for the purpose of improving the intellect, and not to give shape to the legs. Do you stick to your ponderous, unwieldly volumes; they are well adapted to the purpose for which you use a cyclopedia ; but the dainty volumes of the Manifold . —how delightful to handle, and how beautiful to behold—are made with a view to ease of reference and convenience of consultation, and cannot be successfully con- verted into a substitute for trousers’s stretchers.”--EDWARD EBERBACH, Washington. The fifth volume of Atpren’s Manirotp Cyctoprpra, which has just been published, more than sustains the good reputation of the previous 3 O V O | U ae e S issues, being, especially, more full in its vocabulary, and the entire workmanship, both literary and mechanical, being of a higher grade. It is certainly not only a wonderfully cheap, but a thoroughly | excellent Cyclopedia for almost any conceivable use except that of a “trousers’s press.” The publisher will | $ send specimen pages free to any For 8 * 8 Oo applicant, or specimen volumes may be ordered and returned if not wanted—50 cents for cloth, 65 cents for half Morocco ; postage, 10c. Reduced rates are offered to early purchasers ; the price for the set of 30 vols., cash being received before May 1, 1888, being only $8.85 for the cloth; 15 cents a volume extra for half Morocco; postage as above. The Literary Revolution Catalogue (84 pages) sent free on application. ALDEN’s publications are NOT sold by book-sellers—no discounts except to Stockholders. Books sent for examination before payment, satisfactory reference being given. JOHN B. ALDEN, Publisher, NEW YORK: 893 Pearl St.: P. O. Box 1227. CHICAGO: Lakeside Building, Clark and Adams Sts. SONGS OF A LIFE TIME. BY ELIZA ALLEN STARR. rs NCLUDING the poems published in 1867 with whatever has appeared since that time and several never before published, with a likeness of the author. One volume, bound in azure and gold, with wide | margins, in box, $2.50. Bound in white and gold, with wide margins, in white box, suitable for wedding gifts, $5.00. All orders addressed to | MT Dt Fah 7/a)| Iz. TORELESEES) Se MISS ELIZA ALLEN STARR, 299 Huron St., Chicago, Ill.

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APPLETON’S AMERICAN CYCLOPZEDIA. COMPLETE IN TWENTY-EIGHT ROYAL OCTAVO VOLUMES. A choice and extensive library— Twenty-four Thousand Pages of condensed and authoritative information, contributed by over five thousand of the ablest living writers. Over six thousand illus- trations, maps of cities, countries, states. A child ten years old can use it, and to how great ad- vantage let a great practical educator state : — Says ALEXANDER WINCHELL, Professor of Geology and Paleontology, University of Michigan: “*T think it specially adapted to family use; and I believe no more efficient impulse could be given to the education of a family and to the romotion of its general intelligence than to place the volumes of this an acy where they can be constantly and conveniently consulted. y convictions are so — on this point, and so clear, that I venture to say that a set of this Cyclopzedia would, if used as it might be, quite double the value of every year’s instruction at school. I speak expressly of Appleton’s American Cyclopzedia, because it is full enough to givc satis- faction on every subject, and not too profound for average good intelli- gence; while the same cannot be said of any other Cyclopedic publication which I know in the English language.”’ r Editors and newspaper men have occasion, in their wide experience. M of the use of encyclopzedias, to know beyond doubt the best. The editors 4 of the Buffalo Express say: ; Appleton’s American Cyclopzedia is the work of general reference most used in this office. A test of years proves it accurate in all things and full without being diffusive. J. W. GREENE, nh: fs Editor. FRANK H. SEVERA CE. Editor Sunday Express. sia heed ih ! si WP a Wand Ms i u : if Hi Vl ‘ne iy AY Vaal OFFICE OF BuFFALO CourRIER, BUFFALO, Feb. 21, 1888. Hdd \t ag ef 'Y } In the American newspaper office The American 0 gee vag is an in- PA id is ea AU es mR: SP AM dispensable work of reference unequalled by any other. The longer it is a ER TT tested by practical use the greater becomes its popularity among students A AN MD and among all persons whose daily duties demand the examination of manuals of general information. EDWIN FLEMMING, LZditor of Buffalo Courier. — \ £ = z = == Of the various encyclopzdias used in the editorial rooms of the Commercial Advertiser none is so frequently consulted as the Appleton’s American or gives on the whole so much satisfaction to working journal- | | Hil ists. Too much can hardly be said, moreover, in commendation of the ee ||| OMA TTL MR ad fn iH i ~ ‘* Annuals,’’ which are of constant value, and in daily use. eli Hi saat eh M. EDW. FOSTER, Managing Editor. F. M. HOLLISTER, WM. J. MORGAN, Associate Editors. - We cordially endorse the opinion of the Commercial editorial staff concerning the merits of the American i rg: AMES D. WARREN’S SONS, Editors and Proprietors. From Pror. Henry Emerson, A. M., Principal of the Buffalo High School: The American Cyclopzdia has the preference, I think, over all others as a work of reference in the schools of this city. If I could have but one work of the kind for use in a school I should take Appleton’s. _ The information such as scholars need in supplementing their regular studies and increasing their general information is found in this work, well sifted, plainly stated and not too technically treated. I believe young people ought early to form the habit of consulting such books, since one- half of education is to know where to go for information. HENRY P. EMERSON. BuFFALo, May 6, 1887. Do not suppose that because wealth is not yours you cannot own this beautiful and valuable work, which will do so much to make your home attractive. It is within the reach of every one in moderate circumstances with a small income. It is only sold by subscription through the authorized agent of D. - Appleton & Co. Write the undersigned at once, while the opportunity is yours, and find upon what easy terms this magnificent work may be your own. P. J. WATSON, 88 Niagara St., Buffalo, Agent D. APPLETON & CO.

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= - MIS ACID PHOSPHATE. For Dyspepsia, - Mental and Physical Exhaustion, Nervousness, Weakened Energy, Indigestion, Etc. A Liquid Preparation of the Phosphates and Phosphoric Acid. RECOMMENDED BY PHYSICIANS. IT MAKES A DELICIOUS DRINK. INVIGORATING and STRENGTHENING. FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS. PAMPHLET FREE, RUMFORD CHEMICAL WORKS, PROVIDENCE, R. I. t= BEWARE OF IMITATIONS. _£ EULALIE, JUST PUBLISHED. A FAIRY OPERETTA, in Two Acts, FOR CHILDREN. First Steps in Electricity. | Libretto by ELIZABETH MARNEY CONNER, Principal of the BUFFALO SCHOOL OF ELOCUTION By Charles Barnard. Describes a series of simple and in- expensive experiments which can be pes | performed at s AND ENGLISH LITERATURE. ‘ Dep Pot th th exonerate ke deed 1 ome or in school, most of them with materials to be found in FOR TERMS, ADDRESS AS ABOVE, BUFFALO, N.Y. | every household. They explain and illustrate the methods aan eS RR es SR A OR pet ae oA cee oo or ae romana ans by which electricity is made use of in the arts, manufactures, and business, particularly in connection with the telegraph, telephone, electric light and railway. Cloth, illustrated. Sent by mail, postpaid, for 75 cents. THE ELECTRICAL OUTFIT. : . cus For the convenience of those who cannot readily obtain the Mathematical, Physical, Political and | different pieces of apparatus mentioned in the book, the pub- MAGLOTT’S MANUAL OF GEOGRAPHY. A Complete Classified Text-Book on Descriptive Geography, | lishers have prepared an ELECTRICAL OUTFIT, com- ai : ‘ P | prising most of the articles used in performing the experi- And containing many things not found in an ordinary text- | ments described, which they will send by mail, securely boxed book. Nexmuninape A eee a _ to so and postpaid, for $1.50. desiring a more thorough knowledge of the-subject. ay be used as a text-book, or adapted to any series of text-books. “CAN’T REMEMBER DATES”? 3 is jeanne to meet = peepee - — we stud = THEN GET eogra the most useful and delightful of all studies. e Meiccal Cavicsitans, Objects of Interest, and the Chapter of HISTORICAL EPOCHS, History given with the description of each Country is a very desirable feature. It is just the book for Institute Work. It yi edeg ry contains answers to allsthe technical questions on Geography SYSTEM OF MNEMONICS. asked at county examinations that applicants for certificates are expected to answer. By E. A. Fitzsimon. A concise but comprehensive and accu- 450 PAGES, 6x8%4, CLOTH SIDES, LEATHER BACK. rate epitome of ancient, medizval, and modern history, with a very easy and practical system of mnemonics, whereby the SENT POSTAGE PAID FOR ONLY $1.50. | dates of the most important events can be readily xed in the memory. t12mo, cloth, 60 cents. ddress L. J. KEMP, Publisher, ‘“*A fair trial will satisfy the most skeptical as to its ADA. OHIO merits.”’—Tuos. Hunter, LL. D., President Normal College, . : New York. PIANO MARVEL Eiri Sema | Charles E. Merrill & Co., for all Pianists. Flexibility! Power! Brilliancy! Price . 4oc. Circular free. Agents wanted. A. R. Moors, Troy, N. Y. Publishers, 748 Broadway, N. Y.

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ih AWAY LADY HERON AND KING JAMES. COPYRIGHT, 1887. TICKNOR & CO.

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VOL. IV. NUMBER 6. OUERIES. MAY, 1888. NATURE-SPEECH. Not ear-close Nature speaks in flower or star, On land or sea, ’neath dark or cloudless skies ; But near, as hand to lip, in human eyes — Revealing deeply how akin we are. LONDON, Eng. W. WILSEY MARTIN. SHORT-LIVED GENIUS. WILLIAM WATSON. A list of men and women of genius who have died at or about the early age of thirty- _ seven, and secured for themselves an undis- puted place in the ranks of the immortals, would occupy not the least brilliant portion of the record of the illustrious dead. It is astonishing how many men whose names are a household possession in every civilized country have done all their best work after thirty-seven, and who would never have been heard of—or, at best, would have shone only as the smaller lights of literature —if they had been carried off at the age of which Byron, Shelley, Burns and Raphael closed their careers. And when we come to look at what Milton did after thirty-seven, what Goethe and a thousand others did after the same age, and how little they had done before it, we cannot estimate how much richer the world might have been had those bright intellects, which were cut off in their earliest prime, been permitted to give thirty or forty years’ additional work to the world. It is certain that thirty or forty years would have cooled the blood of Byron and carried him out of what we all know, and what literary history has stigmatized, as Byronism, but it is as impossible to forecast what would have been the result as to predict from Werther the development that ended in ‘‘Faust.’”’ Who can foresee what Shelley would have done, in the full ripeness of his splendid power, during another quarter of a century, and if he had died, say, at the age of Shakespeare? Burns, too, we know, dreamed of great works, and when he died there were literary movements in the air which might have turned his labors and his life into anew channel. ‘And was Raphael’s genius exhausted when the grave closed over him? No more than Michael Angelo’s would - have been, and some of the sublimest work of the Tuscan was done in the late evening of his life. A consideration of this kind should entirely modify our comparative estimate and criti- cism of distinguished men. Nothing is commoner, for example, among Germans, and among cultivated Englishmen, as well, than to ascribe to Goethe a genius far tran- scending Schiller’s. The comparison is made between the whole body of Goethe’s literary work, extending over upward of eighty years of exceptionally healthy activ- ity, and the product of poor Schiller’s muti- lated existence, stretching to scarcely more than one-half that term, with a large portion of it belonging to the period of childhood and youth. But, had Goethe died at the | same age as Schiller, he would have had a poorer result to show than Schiller has. He would have had a great deal less than Byron in pure poetical work, incomparably less, also, than Shelley, and, in respect of genu- ine poetry, expressing the simple feelings of the heart, and an apprehension of the beauty of nature, he would have stood at an immeasurable distance behind even the unlettered Burns. There is no doubt that _ Schiller, when he died, at forty-six, had

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£36 QUERIES, reached a loftier height of dramatic art than ‘Goethe had at the same age — we might say than Goethe had reached at eighty-four. ‘Schiller had left behind him a long roll of immortal dramas, some of them lit up with ithe radiance of a fine poetry, and many of which will keep the stage as long as the ‘stage exists; but, at the same age, Goethe had only produced one or two dramas of any pretensions. As for Byron, there is nothing that Goethe did up to thirty-six — Byron’s age at his death—that will bear comparison with the marvellous philosophic insight of ‘‘ Manfred,’’ nothing to equal the astonishing satirical power of the ‘‘ English Bards and Scotch Reviewers”’ (and Goethe frequently did try his hand at satire); nor is there anything that deserves even to be named in the same breath as ‘‘ Don Juan.” Miss Austen and Charlotte Bronte were rather more than thirty-seven when they died, but they died at an age at which George Eliot had not written.a single novel. ‘One or two translations, an essay or two in the Westminster Review,.and the ‘‘ Scenes of Clerical Life” were all that had come from the hand of the subsequent author of ‘‘Adam Bede” and ‘‘ Daniel Deronda.’”’ Carlyle mor- alizes on what might have been the conse- quences to English history if a stray bullet had struck down Oliver Cromwell. Per- haps they would not have been so great as he imagined, and might have proved to be nothing more than an earlier. Restoration. But given a fatal chill or a fever at thirty- seven, and the long series of works with which George Eliot has enriched English literature would have had no existence; in other words, there would have been no ‘George Eliot. Miss Austen’s observant eye had not grown dim, nor her facile pen been robbed of its cunning, when her life termi- nated; and the world knows not how many more photographs of simple English charac- ter and manners it has lost. We might instance Keats, also, and Kirk White and Chatterton; but one died ‘in his boyhood, and the others before they were much more than boys, and a broken column is the fit- MAY, 1888. test and most suggestive memorial over their. graves. The mysterious ‘‘might-have- been,’’ in the cases of Keats and Chatterton, if they had lived to a ripe manhood, would have given to English literature many a noble poem it dogs not now possess. For it has seldom happened that a poet or novel- ist has exhausted himself in a little work. Philip James Bailey did so in ‘‘ Festus,” and Alexander Smith and Sidney Dobbell may be said to have thoroughly drained their intellects in one or two efforts.. No length of life would have enabled any of them to add greatly to their fame, though they might have lived on, fanning the embers of their early reputation. Spontaneity, energy, native force, were wanting in them more, almost, than in any English poet above mediocrity. So, likewise, Pollock, attempt- ing to follow in the footsteps of Milton, had, -probably, attained the highest pinnacle of his possibilities in ‘‘’ The Course of Time,”’ when his shattered constitution gave way and he sank -to his early grave. PRICES FOR LITERARY WORK. JAMES M. ADAMS, | The remuneration which authors have received for their writings has never been gauged by their merit, but by their popular- ity. | Between the two there is often a wide difference. E. P. Roe, who during the last ten or twelve years has written a dozen, more or less, very ordinary novels, has gained thereby a fortune; while Nathaniel Haw- thorne, whose literary achievements have never been equaled in America, did not, probably, earn so much in a lifetime devoted to authorship. There is nothing very strange about this. History is full of precedents. The writings of Ben Jonson were more popular than those of Shakespeare while the authors were living. It frequently happens that the best and most celebrated works of a great author are poorly paid for, while large sums are received for later and inferior productions. This is noticeable in the career of Goldsmith, who

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QUERIES, received but £20 for ‘‘ The Traveller,” £60 for ‘‘ The Vicar of Wakefield,’ and £100 for ‘‘The Deserted Village’; while his ‘*Good-Natured Man,” far inferior to either of the foregoing, brought him £500—nearly three times the total amount received for the three immortal works on which his fame rests. . Fielding, on the other hand, was always well paid, receiving £1,000 for ‘‘ Amelia”’ —the first edition of which, it is said, was exhausted on the day of publication, so great was its popularity—and £2,200 for his renowned ‘‘’Tom Jones.”’ The Lambs disposed of their ‘‘ Tales from Shakespeare” for the insignificant sum of 4,63. Dr. Johnson was a poorly compen- sated writer. He was paid but £10 for his “London,” and he received only the small sum of £15 for ‘‘Vanity of Human Wishes.”’ His ‘‘ Lives of the Poets” yielded him £4 300, and ‘‘Irene”’ a like amount; ‘‘ Rasselas’”’ brought him only #125. With Macaulay it was quite different; he received a fortune (420,000) for his ‘‘ History of England.” Dryden realized £250 from his ‘‘ Fables ’”’ and £1,200 from his excellent translation of Virgil. Boswell secured £1,000 for his life of Dr. Johnson, being better paid than was his subject. The sum of £1,650 was added to the account of John Gay for his ‘* Beggars’ Opera,”’ and his poems yielded £1,000 more. e The Smiths tried to dispose of their “*Rejected Addresses’’ to the publisher Murray for the trifling sum of £20, but their addresses were rejected. Another publisher bought it, however, and after it had run through sixteen editions, Murray purchased the right to print a seventeenth for £130. George Eliot was as successful from a financial as from a literary point of view. It is stated that she never received less than 48,000 for any one of her novels, while some of them brought her a much larger amount— ‘‘ Romola,’”’ for instance, which yielded her £10,000. Walter Scott received £700 for the first of the Waverleys, but they became so popular MAY, 1888. “137 that he was able to command very large prices for the later ones; he received £8,000 for ‘‘ Woodstock,” and his ‘‘ Life of Napo- leon” netted him the vast sum of £18,000. Anthony Trollope earned with his pen 470,000, but received no very large sum for any individual work, £3,525, which he was paid for ‘‘Can You Forgive Her?” being the largest. His industry and prolific- ness made his fortune. Wilkie Collins secured £5,000 for ‘‘ Arm- adale,’’ and good sums for most of his novels. Dickens and Lord Lytton (the elder) were both well-paid writers. Emile Zola (may his tribe decrease) received $80 for his first story, and $30,000 for the ‘‘ L’Assommoir.” The career of the poets shows a wonderful variation of fortune. Byron was liberally compensated for his work; he was paid 43,000 for ‘*Don Juan,” £4,000 for ‘*Childe Harold.” and from £ 300 to £1,000 each for his minor productions. Moore was also handsomely paid, receiving, it is said, 3,000 guineas for ‘‘ Lalla Rookh”’ before it _ was written, and £15,000 for his ‘‘ Irish Melodies.’’ Campbell’s ‘‘ Pleasures of Hope”’ yielded him but £20, though his later works commanded good prices. Crabbe got 43,000 for his ‘‘ Tales of the Hall.” But poets have not usually been well paid. Burns realized but £20 from the first edition of his poems and only £700 from the second one. He never received even a fair price for his work. Keats was poorly paid, and Chatterton escaped starvation by committing suicide. Perhaps the most remarkable in- stance of unrewarded genius is that of Milton, who was paid but £15 for his immortal ‘* Paradise Lost,” and that only by instal- ments. Though ‘‘ The Raven” made Edgar Allan Poe famous, he received but $20 for it. In early life, Whittier sold the copyright of his productions to Muzzey, the publisher, for $500, and thought him crazy to pay such an amount. Whittier afterwards bought it back for $1,200. Probably the highest price ever paid for a poem was paid Longfellow for the ‘‘ Hang-

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138 QUERIES, MAY, 1888. by Robert Bonner, The ing of the Crane,’ proprietor of the New York Ledger. poem consists of two hundred lines, and Mr. | Longfellow received $4,000 for it—$2o a line. Tennyson was paid $12 a line for his ‘*Revenge,”’ and Oscar Wilde about the same for a short poem published a few years since in the Continent. ORIGIN OF SOME FAMOUS COM- POSITIONS. EMMA M. CASS. The circumstances under which a great song or poem comes into existence are always interesting, not simply as a matter of curiosity, but for many reasons which it is unnecessary to enumerate. The late. James T. Fields, who was an intimate friend of Longfellow, and was, per- haps, more familiar with the poet’s poetical moods and methods than almost any one else, has given us some delightful revelations touching the origin of his most widely known and best-loved poems. Ina lecture delivered _a few years since, in Boston, Mr. Fields said: ‘‘The ‘Psalm of Life’ came into being on a pleasant summer morning in 1838, in Cam- bridge, as the poet sat looking out of his chamber windows. — It was a voice from his inmost heart, expressing his own feelings at a time when he was suffering from great depression, consequent upon a severe afflic- tion.”” © He was accused of taking the line, ‘Art is long, but time is fleeting,” from, Bishop’s poem; but ‘‘I happen to know,”’ said Mr. Fields, ‘‘that was not in his mind, and that the thought came to him with as much freshness as if nothing had been written before.’’ ‘‘ There is a Reaper Whose Name is Death”’ crystallized, as it were, without effort, and was committed to paper while tears fell from his eyes. ‘‘’The Wreck of the Hesperus’”’ was composed on a night of storm and desolation as the poet sat smoking his mid- night pipe. It came into his mind, not by lines, but by whole stanzas, with scarcely an effort, ‘‘flowing forth without let or hin- drance.”’ ‘‘Excelsior,’’ one of the most widely known of Longfellow’s shorter poems, was framed in this wise: The word ‘‘ Excel- sior’’ happened to catch his eye on a torn bit of newspaper, and immediately his fancy took flight. Seizing the first piece of. paper near at hand, which chanced to be a blank space on a letter from Charles Sumner, he soon covered it with these immortal verses. ‘“'The Skeleton in Armor” was suggested by a drive on the beach at Newport, while ‘‘ The Light of Stars’ had its birth one beautiful summer evening, the exact counterpart of that which the poet describes. It is thought that a disappointment in love ‘‘gave tone and coloring”’ to Dr. Watts’ | celebrated hymn, ‘‘How Vain Are All Things Here Below.’’ He was, at one time, in love with the beautiful Miss Elizabeth | Singer; but when, after considerable delay, he ventured to make known his feelings toward her, he had the mortification of learn- ing that she had already bestowed her affection upon another. The circumstances which called into life that noble composition of Mrs. Julia Ward Howe, the ‘‘ Battle Hymn of the Republic,” are peculiarly interesting. During the late civil war, Mrs. Howe and a lady friend were in Washington, engaged in matters pertaining to the war charities. One afternoon news came that an engagement between the Union and Confederate forces was imminent, and the two ladies went to the scene of conflict, and at a little distance witnessed the fight. When they returned to their lodgings, late in the evening, Mrs. Howe’s companion retired, leaving Mrs. Howe gazing out into the night, lost in deep meditation. At about five o'clock in the morning Mrs. Howe awakened the lady, and asked her to read something she had just completed, adding that she felt impelled to write, and couldn’t sleep till it was off her mind. The result of the long, lone vigil was the now famous ‘* Battle Hymn,” which, as a writer has aptly said, will endure as long as English literature. ‘*The ‘Hymn of the Marseillaise,’’’ says a writer, ‘‘ was inspired by genius, patriotism,

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QUERIES, youth, beauty, and champagne.”’ Its author, Rouget de l’Isle, was a poet and composer, as well as an intrepid soldier. He had a humble friend, Dietrick by name, whom he often visited, and whose wife and daughters he frequently entertained with his stirring improvisations. One night, at supper with his friend’s family, Dietrick bemoaned the coarse fare which he was obliged to place before De l'Isle, and sorrowfully bade his daughter bring forth the one bottle of cham- pagne that remained to him. The young girl obeyed. The contents of the bottle were soon exhausted, and not long after, De 1’Isle sought the miserable couch which was all his friend had to offer him. But he could not sleep, because of the intense cold; so, taking up a clavichord, he tried to compose a song. Sometimes the words came to him first, sometimes the music. After some time thus spent, he fell asleep. Waking early, he called his friend’s family about him, and sung his wonderful composition. His hearers listened to its thrilling strains as if spellbound; then tears came to their relief, and from their lips came forth cries of the wildest enthusiasm. Soon other voices caught up the poet-soldier’s song, and it was heard on all sides. It flew as on the wings of the wind from city to city and from hamlet to hamlet. At last it spread all over France. Marseilles made use of it at the opening and closing of its clubs, and from this fact it derived its name. France was one mighty scene of blood, and Rouget de |’Isle’s hymn was the rallying-cry. There is no national song, says a late writer, that will compare with the ‘‘ Marseil- laise”’ in sublimity and power. ‘‘ It embraces the soft cadences, full of the peasant’s home, and the stormy clangor of silver and steel, when an empire is overthrown: it endears the memory of the vine-dresser’s cottage, and makes the Frenchman in his exile cry ‘La Belle France!’ forgetful of the torch, the sword, and the guillotine, which have made his country a specter of blood in the eyes of nations. Oh, what. a mighty, devastating spirit went forth from the peas- ant’s last bottle of wine!”’ ‘following month. MAY, 1888. 139 COLERIDGE AS A JOURNALIST. Coleridge wrote a column of shrewd and trenchant criticism on the new Constitution for the French Republic under Bonaparte as First Consul, which had just been promul- gated, and this article appeared in the Morn- ing Post of Dec. 26th,and there was another on the 31st. ‘‘I dedicate my nights and days to Stuart,’’ Coleridge wrote to Words- worth at this time. At least fourteen long articles, and perhaps four or five more, deal- ing almost exclusively with French politics and with England’s concern therein, were supplied by him in the course of January, and about half as many in February. Thus far Stuart could not grumble about his bar- gain, and newspaper readers were astonished and delighted at the forcible and wise writing that was now provided for them. Two articles in particular, one discussing Lord Granville’s reply to Bonaparte’s overtures for peace at the end of January, and the other analyzing Pitt’s character, which was published on March 1gth, became the talk of the town. Of the article on Pitt and ‘¢The Devil’s Thoughts,” Stuart said, ‘‘I never knew two pieces of writing so wholly disconnected with daily occurrences produce so lively a sensation. Several hundred sheets extra were sold by them and the paper was in demand for days and weeks afterward.”’ The article on Pitt, however, was almost the only one that Coleridge supplied during a month, and he wrote but one during the His energy was already nearly exhausted, and even Stuart’s unusual efforts to keep him up to the mark were of no avail. ‘‘ My practice,’ said Stuart, ‘‘was to call on him in the middle of the day, talk over the news, and project a leading para- graph for the next morning. In conversation he would make a brilliant display. This reminds me of a story he often told with glee. At a dinner party, Sir Richard Philips, the bookseller, being present, Coleridge held forth with his usual splendor, when Sir Richard, who had been listening with delight, came round behind his chair, and, tapping

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140 QUERTES, him on the shoulder, said: ‘I wish I had you in a garret without a coat to your back.’ In something like this state I had Coleridge; but, though he would talk over everything so well, I soon found he could not write daily on the occurrences of the day.” Finding that he could not keep his erratic contributor at work by shutting him up in his King St. lodging, Stuart tried another plan. ‘‘I took him to the gallery of the House of Commons, in hopes he would assist me in parliamentary reporting and that a near view of men and things would bring up new topics in his mind. But he could never write a thing that was immediately required of him. The thought of compulsion disarmed him.” LITERARY WOMEN. Curiosity about the wives of literary men or the husbands of literary women never dies out, so deep-rooted is the impression that genius or even moderate talent is unco’ hard to live with. The wife of Charles Dudley Warner is an attractive woman, handsome, interested in the best thought of the time. The couple are childless, but thoroughly happy in their home. Anna Katharine Green, the writer of ‘‘ Leavenworth Case” and others among the best known detective stories of the time, is the mother of a family of little children, handsome, sturdy young- sters, devoted to their pretty mamma. Bronson Howard and his wife are always seen together, and are a devoted pair. Mrs. Kate Upson Clarke is as cosily domestic in her tastes as if she had never touched a pen. Mrs. Laura Holloway has made herself a home by her literary work, and keeps it a cheery place for her grown son who looks too big to call her mother. Mrs. Rebecca Harding Davis, whose short stories are apt. to have a melancholy turn, is a vivacious body, a thorough optimist, to all appear- ances, with a son who has reached man’s estate. She and her husband, Mr. L. Clarke Davis, of the Philadelphia Hxguirer, are a home-loving couple and their house is full of | sunshine. Julian Hawthorne is the best of MAY, 1888. husbands, and there are seven children in his home. Cable has half a dozen young folks and a serene home life. Marion Har- land is as notable a housewife in fact as on paper, and paints and embroiders with con- siderable skill. Mrs. Burnett sent her hus- band abroad with her earnings to finish his studies as an oculist, and the pair are one in their devotion to old armor and various an- tique bric-a-brac, and to their two fine-look- ing sons. Frank Stockton’s wife is a clever woman, and Stevenson’s wife has something of a literary reputation of her own. How- ells makes a fresh study of his wife for every one of his heroines, and it is putting the severest test to their domestic happiness to say that. she doesn’t resent it. Louise Chan- dler Moulton has a very charming daughter, and she and her husband, William C. Moul- ton, of the Boston Zrue flag, are an entirely united couple. THEFTS IN LITERATURE. In Westminster Abbey is a monument to the memory of Lady Grace Gethin. This young Lady, who was considered a prodigy in her day, is a conspicuous illustration of this fatal tendency. After her death, her friends collected together various essays which she had written at spare hours. “The book, says Disraeli, claimed all the praise the finest genius could bestow upon it. Con- greve prefixed a poem to the volume and wrote another in its praise. Yet it afterward transpired that most of the articles were transcriptions of Lord Bacon’s essays, prov- ing that Bacon could have been but little read at the end of the seventeenth century, when the volume appeared. Disraeli was not above borrowing a good thing from the French. The author of ‘‘ Lothair”’ is sup- posed to be the originator of the famous definition of critics which describes them as ‘men who have failed in literature and art.” But Shenstone and Dryden had already cut the ground from under him when he com- mitted it to paper. When Lord Brougham left a translation of one of Voltaire’s works

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QUERIES, to be published as his own, he may possibly have felt he was but avenging the pilfering of the philosopher of Ferney from the plays of Shakespeare. ‘‘AIl is said,” writes La Bruyére despairingly, ‘‘and we come too late ; since it is more than five thousand years that so many men have reflected. We only glean after the ancients and the most. skillful moderns,”’ BOOK COLLECTORS. SELAH MERRILL. A few persons in different parts of the world are engaged in the work of gathering special collections of books; but there ought to be thousands engaged in it instead of dozens, as now. I do not refer to the col- lecting of books because of their age or binding, or to gratify any particular taste, whim or fancy of the collector, but to the making of collections that shall be of posi- tive and very important service to the world. In an old bookstore in Germany I saw a large pile of books, and was told that they were to be sent to America, and that they all pertained to pearls and precious stones. The collector wished to collect everything that existed in any language on that particu- lar subject. Such a collection will be invaluable —a kind of pearl of great price. I know a person who is collecting editions of Virgil—copies, reprints, illustrative essays, etc., which, as the collection ap- proaches completeness, will be more and more valuable, not especially or solely to himself, but to the world. have no difficulty in understanding what I “mean by collections that will be of service. We are getting farther and farther away from the time when printing began. Early printed books have nearly all gone to the paper mills, or to the dogs. Many books and pamphlets that were printed in the six- teenth and seventeenth centuries it is now exceedingly difficult to find. To save the books that have been printed and still exist, and to collect others that are now being printed, or that may be printed on any given MAY, 1888. The reader can’ 141 subject, and to have such books gathered into one place, are objects greatly to be desired. One need not choose ‘‘ Pearls” or ‘‘ Virgil.” Let him select Bibles, hymn books, alma- nacs, American colleges, money, artesian wells—there are thousands of important subjects on which the world demands, from time to time, the fullest possible informa- tion; and when one comes to study sucha subject, in order to impart such information, he naturally asks, ‘‘Where is the literature of this subject?”’ And the only reply that can be given is, generally speaking, ‘‘ It has never been collected. It is scattered all over the civilized world.’”’ Persons object that they have not means for special collections; but every one who buys books will find, when he is*fifty years old, that he has wasted a great deal of money on those that are, after all, of very little value. Suppose a large part of this money had been spent on a special collection. It is not so much the lack of means, as the lack of the necessary disposition. Newspapers, periodicals, and the town libraries furnish far more reading matter than one needs; so that one is not obliged to buy many hooks for reading. As a rule, one’s private library, however proud he may be of it, is not of much value to the world, and has, in fact, very little money value, although it has cost, it may be, a large sum. Go to the auction rooms, where the fine library of some ‘‘ gentleman deceased”’ is being sold. Its owner prized beyond measure this little volume, and that one, and that one; he would not have parted with them for money. Now, half a dozen of these treasures are tied together in one bundle, and the lot sold for twenty-five cents. Miscellaneous collections are of very little use to the world, while special collec- tions are invaluable. If young persons would commence the collecting of books, articles, pamphlets, etc., on any given sub- ject, and follow it up for a period of years, they would be surprised at the results. It would be a far more noble and_ useful work than indulging the stamp-collecting mania.

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142 : OUERIES, MAY, 1888. CLAUDIA, OF ROME. I tire of the glittering sameness 50 B. C. That marks the splendid town! O dawn of the gods belovéd, But there, through golden vineyards, How rarely thy coming thrills — Fair cascades sparkle down, To-day we go to the villa Branches of cypress and olive ; On the crest of the Alban Hills. Tangle the sunshine still, . Ae ws ¥F i oN Freely I change for its freedom, The wood-doves coo in the branches, The splendor of court and hall, And sweet leaves dance at will The splash of the marble fountain, To the hymn of the Vestal Virgins The glow of the pictured wall, On the beautiful Alban Hills. —M. E. B., in ‘‘ Youth in Twelve Centuries.” Gladly I leave them all. Copyright, 1887, by D. Lothrop Co. The mirrors of shining silver -—

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QUERIES, MAY, 1888. 143 GABRIELLE, OF TOULON. A. D. 1720. O the court of the king! Only to tread in its measures, Only to join in its pleasures, Feel its bright witchery round us, Take what its riches can give! Here may be love true and tender, But the dull weight of this splendor Hangs like a fetter about me; There at the court one would live! Fleetly my fancy takes wing! Here is but dullness and duty; There is the glamour of beauty. Here is but sameness and longing, There, all that gladness can bring. Here drag the wearisome hours; There dance the days throng the flowers, O but to breathe of their fragrance At the beautful court of the king! —M. E. B., in ‘‘ Youth in Twelve Centuries.” Copyright, 1887, by D. Lothrop Co.

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144 QUERIES, MAY, 1888. READINGS FROM NEW BOOKS. DARWIN'S LIFE AND LETTERS.* Among: the biographies of scientists, no work has appeared in the present period of more widespread and commanding interest than the life of Darwin.: The revolution he effected in science, the universal attention and surprise excited by his peculiar doc- trines, the unusual respect and esteem ac- corded to his singularly pure, gentle and unworldly character, all conspire to lift this example above the common level of the great. As has been truly said, ‘‘We must go back to Newton before we meet with Darwin’s peer.” CARLYLE, Carlyle sneered at almost every one. One day, in my house, he called Grote’s ‘* History ”’ spiritual in it.” I always thought, until his ‘*Reminiscences” appeared, that his sneers were partly jokes, but this now seems rather doubtful. His expression was that of a depressed, almost despondent, yet benevo- lent man; and it is notorious how heartily he laughed. I believe that his benevolence was real, though stained by not a little jealousy. No one can doubt about his extraordinary ‘power of drawing pictures of things and men, far more vivid, as it appears to me, than any drawn by Macaulay. Whether his pictures of men were true ones, is another question. He has been all-powerful in im- pressing some grand moral truths on the minds of men. On the other hand, his views about slavery were revolting. | In his eyes, might was right. His mind seemed to me a very narrow one, even if all branches of science which he despised are excluded. It is astonishing to me that Kingsley should have spoken of him as a man well fitted to advance science. He laughed to scorn the idea that a mathematician, such as Whewell, could judge, as I maintained he could, of * ‘*The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin,” including an Autobiographical Chapter. Edited by his son, Francis Darwin. In two volumes. New York: D. Appleton & Co. ‘a fetid quagmire, with nothing | Goethe’s views on light. He thought ita most ridiculous thing that anyone should care whether a glacier moved a little quicker or a little slower, or moved at all. As far as I could judge, I never met a man with a mind so ill-adapted for scientific research. DARWIN'S LOVE OF PRAISE. In the early days of scientific career, he received some unusually high commenda- tions, of which he thus writes: ‘‘I clam- bered over the mountains of Ascension with a bounding step, and made the volcanic rocks resound under my geological hammer. All this shows how ambitious I was, but I think that I can say with truth that in after years, though I cared in the highest degree for the approbation of such men as Lyell and Hooker, who were my friends, I did not care much about the~general public. I do not mean to say that a favorable review or a large sale of my books did not please me greatly, but the pleasure was a fleeting one, and I am sure that I have never turned one inch out of my course to gain fame.”’ DARWIN’ S HOME LIFE, He rose early, chiefly because he could not lie in bed, and I think he would have liked to get up earlier than he did. He took a short turn before breakfast, a habit which he began when he went for the first. time to a water-cure establishment. This. habit he kept up till almost the end of his life. After breakfasting alone about a quar- ter to eight, he went to work at once, con- sidering the hour and a half between eight and half-past nine one of his best working times. At half-past nine he came into the drawing-room for his letters—rejoicing if the post was a light one, and being some- times much worried if it was not. He would then hear any family letters read aloud as he lay on the sofa. The reading aloud, which also included part of a novel, lasted till half-past ten, when he went back to work till twelve or a quarter past. By this time he considered his day’s work over, and would often say in a satisfied voice,

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QUERIES, ‘*T’ve done a good day’s work.’’ He then ‘went out of doors whether it was wet or fine; Polly, his white terrier, went with him in fair weather, but in rain she refused, or might be seen hesitating in the verandah, with a mixed expression of disgust and shame at her own want of courage: gener- ally, however, her conscience carried the day, and, as soon as he was evidently gone, she could not bear to stay behind. My father’s mid-day walk generally began by a call at the greenhouse, where he looked at any germinating seeds or experimental plants which required a casual examination, but he hardly ever did any serious observing at this time. ‘Then he went on for his constitutional —either round the ‘‘ Sand-walk”’ or outside his own grounds in the immediate neighbor- hood of the house. The ‘‘Sand-walk”’ was a narrow strip of land, one and a half acres in extent, with a gravel walk round it. Sometimes, when alone, he stood still or walked stealthily to observe birds or beasts. It was on one of these occasions that some young squirrels ran up his back and legs, while their mother barked at them in an agony from the tree. Luncheon at Down came after his mid-day walk; and here I may say a word or two about his meals gen- erally. He had a boy-like love of sweets, unluckily for himself, since he was con- stantly forbidden to take them. He was not particularly successful in keeping the ‘‘vows,”’ as he called them, which he made against eating sweets, and never considered them binding unless he made them aloud. He drank very little wine, but enjoyed and was revived by the little he did drink. He had a horror of drinking, and constantly warned his boys that any one might be led into drinking too much. I remember in my innocence asa small boy, asking him if he had been ever tipsy; and he answered very gravely that he was ashamed to say he had once drunk too much at Cambridge. I was much impressed, so that I know now the place where the question was asked. After his lunch, he read the newspaper, lying on the sofa in the drawing-room. I think the MAY, 1888. 145 paper was the only non-scientific matter which he read to himself. Everything else —novels, travels, history — was read aloud to him. He took so wide an interest in. life that there was much to occupy him in news- papers, though he laughed at the wordiness of the debates, reading them, I think, only in abstract. His interest in politics was considerable, but his opinion on these mat- ters was formed rather by the way than with any serious amount of thought. After he had read his paper, came his time for writ- ing letters. These, as well as the manu- script of his books, were written by him as he sat in a huge horse-hair chair by the fire, his paper supported ona board resting on the arms of the chair. He received many letters from foolish, unscrupulous people, and all of these received replies. He used to say that if he did not answer them, he had it on his conscience afterwards, and no doubt it was in great measure the courtesy with which he answered every one, which produced the universal and _ wide-spread sense of his kindness of nature which was so evident on his death. In money and busi- ness matters he was remarkably careful and exact. He kept accounts with great care, classifying them, and balancing at the end of the year like a merchant. When letters were finished, about three in the afternoon, he rested in his bedroom, lying on the sofa and smoking a cigarette, and listening to a novel or other book not scientific. He only smoked when resting, whereas snuff was a stimulant, and was taken during work- ing hours. He took snuff for many years. of his life, having learnt the habit at Edin- burgh as a student. He generally took snuff from a jar on the hall table because having to go this distance for a pinch was a slight check; the clink of the lid of the snuff jar was a very familiar sound. Sometimes when he was in the drawing- room it would occur to him that the study fire must be burning low, and when some of us offered to see after it, it would turn out that he also wished to get a pinch of snuff. The reading aloud often sent him to sleep, and he

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146 used to regret losing the parts of a novel, for my mother went steadily on lest the cessation of the sound might wake him. He came down at four o’clock to dress for his walk, and he was so regular that one might be quite cer- tain it was within a few minutes of four when his descending steps were heard. From about half-past four to half-past five he worked; then he came to the drawing-room, and was idle till it was time (about six) to go up for another rest, with novel-reading and a cigar- ette. Latterly he gave up late dinner, and had a simple tea at half-past seven (while we had dinner), with an egg or a small piece of meat. After dinner he never stayed in the room, and used to apologize by saying he was an old woman, who must be allowed to leave with the ladies. ‘This was one of the many signs and results of his constant weakness and ill-health. Half an hour more or less conversation would make to him the difference of a sleepless night, and of the loss perhaps of half the next day’s work. After dinner he played backgammon with my mother, two games being played every night. For many years a score of the games which each won was kept, and in this score he took the greatest interest. He became extremely animated over these games, bitterly lament- ing his bad luck and exploding with exag- gerated mock-anger at my mother’s good fortune. After backgammon he read some scientific book to himself, either in the draw- ing-room, or, if much talking was going on, in the study. | In the evening—that is, after he had read as much as his strength would allow, and before the reading aloud began— he would often lie on the sofa and listen to my mother playing on the piano. He had not a good ear, yet, in spite of this, he had a true love of fine music. He became much tired in the evenings, especially of late years, and left the drawing-room about ten, going to bed at half-past ten. His nights were generally bad, and he often lay awake or sat up for hours, suffering much discomfort. He was troubled at night by the activity of ~ his thoughts, and would become exhausted by his mind working at some problem which OUERIES,. MAY, 1888. he would willingly have dismissed. At night too, anything which had vexed or troubled him in the day would haunt him, and I think it was then that he suffered if he had not answered some troublesome person’s letter. PROFESSOR DRUMMOND AND THE STUDENTS. I have been much interested in reading the notices of Professor Drummond’s lec- tures to the students of Harvard, Amherst, and other colleges. He seems to be wise in adapting his lectures to their needs and cap- abilities. He addresses them with no ‘‘ cant phrases,” nor as ‘‘ sinners above all others,” but with at least an average amount of intel- ligence and morality, which, if used in the right direction, will result in great good to mankind. He seems to regard Christ’s injunction, ‘‘Be ye wise as serpents,” in adapting these lectures to the present needs of society. No doubt many good intentions have failed to produce good results for want of judicious adaptation to times and circum- stances. If these and similar efforts are addressed to students, we should, probably, have less of ‘‘unhinged gates, broken win- dows, hazing,’’ and other college sports. No doubt many of these students will see that there are more dignified ways of using exuberant health and spirits, and will give heed to the apostle’s injunction, ‘‘ Show thyself a man.’’ Mr. Moody, too, though making no claim to scholarship, yet is quick to see and appreciate the vast amount of good these students are cap- able of accomplishing, if their efforts are used in the right direction. For this cause he wisely uses a share of his time and effort. Doubtless a large part of Mr. Beecher’s suc- cess was due to his keen discernment of the necessity of adaptation to present times and circumstances. He did not go back toa. past age, nor look forward to dream of a ‘‘good time coming,’ but used his great power to vigorously labor for present good, wisely adapting himself to the people and circumstances with which he was familiar.

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QUERIES, Whoever looks at the untold influence these thousands of students will exert on society will not wonder that Professor Drummond and others are striving to direct this influence into a right channel. That students, like others, can be reached, when wisely ap- proached, is proved by the prompt manner in which the students of Harvard and Amherst responded to these lectures. If but one prodigal has been induced to return to his ‘‘ Father’s house,’ these labors have not been in vain. ‘Those ministers who so cordially gave their influence in favor of the meetings recently held in the Boston Theater merit the thanks of the community. Though these efforts may, in part, be a ‘‘ new departure,’ yet I think no one can fear that good will not follow them. M. W. F. W. A STORY OF DISRAELL They say that the large bunch of hot- house flowers which arrived from a distance on the night before the interment was sent by a fair and persevering enemy, with whom old Lord Beaconsfield had been compelled to maintain a continued warfare ever since he was first known to her as young Disraeli. The lady was young, too, at that time, and very fair. Her husband was Disraeli’s most intimate friend, and she knew that his advice had always been to forego the marriage in consequence of her well-known high spirit and uncertain temper. But what man in love ever listened to a friend’s advice? The pair were married and started for their Con- tinental honeymoon according to custom. On their return Disraeli paid a visit to his friend at the beautiful mansion he had hired at the instigation of his bride—a house far beyond the means he then had at command as a beginner in the literary career of which he ' lived to become for a while the leading star. To a close observer like Disraeli it was soon easy to perceive that all had not gone quite so merry as the marriage bells which had so lately chimed for the wedding, and by degrees the great author unfolded to his friend a tale of woe founded on facts of MAY, 1888. 147 temper too terrible to relate, to which Dis- raeli, the bachelor, could see no remedy but a speedy separation, expressing his conviction that his friend had fallen into trouble, and that the sooner he could manage to get out of it the better. He bade him remember that domestic troubles from his wife’s temper would soon destroy his literary talent, and that after a brilliant debut, he would sink to. nothing, and that, from what he had already heard, he should think that there would be found sufficient motives for separation, and that he would assist him in the plea by every means in his power. ‘‘I shall never dare to. propose such a step,’”? moaned the husband in a despairing tone. ‘‘ Oh, leave her to me; let me talk to her,”’ said Disraeli, confidently. ‘‘] have never yet been defeated by any woman,” At this moment the folding doors of the drawing-room burst open with wrath, and before the speakers stood the enraged wife. in her nightgown, with her hair dishevelled and a dangerous fire in her eyes. The room adjoining was her bedroom. She had heard every word of the conversation and rushed like a fury to the defence of her domestic hearth. With a shrill battle-cry she rushed upon the enemy, and seizing the back of the chair on which he was seated drew it from under him as the most expedi- tious way of inducing him to obey the mute. summons to depart, only indicated by point- ing with her finger to the door; she was. suffocated by rage, and could not utter a syllable. The intruder, on his side, was so completely overcome by astonishment that, after remaining transfixed fora moment, he. made one bound toward the door, and van- ished without the utterance of a single word. Miss Waldo (of Boston, discussing literary matters): ‘‘Are you familiar with A®sop’s. Fables, Mr. Wabash?” Mr. Wabash (who wishes he was back in Chicago): ‘‘ Well—er—it is so long since I read them, Miss Waldo, but I remember very well the one about his selling his birth- right for a mess of pottage.

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148 SANS. SOUCI. A SHEAF OF ORIGINAL POEMS. THE LIGHTHOUSE. The sun had closed his blood-red lips, The world was drowned in night’s eclipse, — Over the bar sailed two white ships. I was alone at the midnight hour, The sea was a bed, neath the lighthouse tower, Of great blue lillies, all a-flower. The foam with a million sparkles shone, And looked like daisies all a-blown Over the green of fields new-mown. The ships had sailed through foul and fair, And, when Night parted her silver hair, They anchored close by the lighthouse stair. I had lived in the shade of sorrow; then, To sever myself from the haunts of men, I sought the gloom of the lighthouse den. There I watched the day and the twilight flee, And the star-beams march, an army dree Of golden spears, down the dim-lit sea. The off-ship waved a flag of blood; Her men ‘had the look of Satan’s brood, And black Despair, by her mainmast stood. But the nearer craft (a white bird flown Down from the moon-land all alone) Lay a perfect pearl on a purple zone. Her anchor was held by golden chains, Her sails were filled with music strains, And she bore a cross with ruby stains. While I watched, the light on my tower grew dim, And the foul off-ship, with her spirit grim, Sailed away to the low horizon’s rim. - And I said: ‘‘I will gird my armor tight, For yon valiant cross on the breast of night Has taught me the lesson of life aright.” And my white ship floated afar — afar Over the gleam of the harbor bar, Away to the haven of some bright Star. PENDLETON, S. C. Kit COURTLAND. _A CRADLE SONG. Lullaby my baby — safe on mother’s breast; Close thy tender eye-lids, slumber-land is best. Smiling in the comfort of thy cradle-nest — Lullaby! QUERIES, MAY, 1888. Lullaby my baby — sun-bright every place, Honored by the presence of thine infant grace; Sweet, I prize the beauty in thy flower-face. Lullaby! Lullaby my baby — gift of God above — Thou art sweetly sleeping, like a weary dove, Caring not to measure depth of mother-love. Lullaby! Lullaby my baby — what though there are fears, And I see thee sleeping, through a mist of tears ? Tis not thine to wonder at the coming years. Lullaby! Lullaby my baby — care and trouble-free, Is thy pleasant sailing, on the dream-land sea; Knowing not thy value— more than gold to me. Lullaby! NEw HAVEN, Ct. EpituH E, STowE. THOUGHTS. They are my fair soul-children whom I love, And world-ways sent on wind-ships blown afar. Oh, who will give them baptism on this star, And seal with membership my waifs a-rove? They come to me as links from stars above— — At times, enwrapped in filmy dream, cymar, Upon the waves of sound uplifted are, Their baby breathings scarce air bubbles move. In unexpected places, oft I greet These erstwhile world-sent, soul-blown babes mine, A-thrill with half awakened memory sweet, At times a-hush in some world, anodyne: : I know, however garbed, wherever sent, That these, my dearest waifs, are but God-lent. PENDLETON, S. C. BRAD COURTLAND. FULFILLMENT. O thou, who to the coming years Didst look with longing, hopeful face, Deeming their untried, unknown grace _ Shouldst make amends for all thy tears, Lo! as the wished-for time appears Like the swift winner in a race, Thy heart throbs audibly, and halts a space, Smit by some sudden, o’erwrought fears. And hastens not to meet its guest, The hour long hoped for, come, at last ; Yea, very joy hath thee o’ercast, And love’s fulfillment mocks love’s quest ; Yet doth thy tired heart know ’tis best, And that henceforth all grief is past. Troy, Pa. MINNIE C. BALLARD.

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QUERIES, MAY, 1888. | 149 Mm oH . DEAS | SP SEO ah > ie + = = & dete tell “ah Sn S&S NY SBS DSO WY NYO HH HS A SRI eS BOS ol ND bo a ee 29. 30. Si: 32. QUAINT AND CURIOUS. ROBERT BURNS. Immortal bard, immortal Burns! Whose lines are mottoes of the heart; Affection loves and memory learns Thy songs ‘‘ untaught by rules of art.” For dear as life — as heaven — will be, As years on years.successive roll ; Fair types of rich harmony Who wrote to humanize the soul. His lyre was sweet, majestic, grand, . The pride and honor of the North ; His song was of bold freedom’s land, Brave Scotland, freedom’s throne on earth. Oft by the winding banks of Ayr ; With sinewy arm he turned the soil ; He painted Scotland’s daughters fair, Through twilight shades of good and ill. His native wild enchanting strains, Like dear memories round the hearth, Immortalize the poets name, And few have won a greener wreath. From John O’Groat’s to ’cross the tweed What heart hath ever matched his flame ? Though rough and dark the path he trod, Long shall old Scotland keep his name. Great master of our Doric rhyme, Though here thy course was but a span; The pealing, rapturous notes sublime Bind man with fellow-man. Peace to the dead — in Scotia’s choir — Yes, future bards shall pour the lay, Warmed with a ‘‘spark of nature’s fire,” While years insidious steal away. 1. Bennoch; 2. Campbell; 3. Imlach; 4. Gray; 5. Glen; 6. Paul; 7. M’Laggan; 8. Tannahill; 9. Glen; 10. Allan; rr. Gilfillan; 12. Park; 13. Wallace; 14. Roscoe; 15. Vedder; 16. Wordsworth ; 17. Reid; 18. Glass; 19. Paul; 20. Halleck; ar. Macindoe; 22. Ainslie; 23. Halleck; 24. Kelley; 25. Gray; 26. Mercer; 27. Vedder; 28. Imlach; 29. Montgomery; 30. Gray; 31. Rushton; 32. Gilfillan. OLD SAVINGS IN RHYME. As poor as a church-mouse; as thin as a rail; As fat as a porpoise; as rough as a gale; As brave as a lion; as spry as a cat; As bright as a sixpence; as weak as a rat. As proud as a peacock; as sly as a fox; As mad as a March hare; as strong as an ox; As fair as a lily; as empty as air; As rich as Croesus; as cross as a bear. As pure as an angel; as neat as a pin; As smart as a steel-trap; as ugly as sin; As dead as a dour-nail; as white as a sheet; As flat as a pancake; as red as a beet. As round as an apple; as black as your hat; As mean as a miser; as blind as a bat; As brown as a berry; as full as a tick; As plump as a partridge; as sharp as a stick. As clean as a penny; as dark as a pall; As hard as a millstone; as bitter as gall; As fine as a fiddle; as clear as a bell; As dry as a herring; as deep as a well. As light as a feather; as hard as a rock; As stiff as a poker; as calm as a clock; As green as a gosling; as brisk as a bee; And now let me Stop lest you weary of me. ENGLISH AS SHE IS WROTE, The teacher, a lesson he taught; The preacher, a sermon he praught; The stealer, he stole; | _ The heeler, he hole; And the screecher, he awfully scraught. The long-winded speaker, he spoke; The poor office-seeker, he soke; The runner, he ran; The dunner, he dan; And the shrieker, he horribly shroke. The flyer, to Canada flew; The buyer, on credit he bew; The doer, he did; The suer, he sid; And the liar (a fisherman) lew. The writer, this nonsense he wrote; The fighter (an editor) fote; | The swimmer, he swam; The skimmer, he skam; And the biter was hungry and bote. ENGLISH AS SHE IS SPELLED, If an S and anz and anoanda uw, With an ~ at the end spell ‘‘ Sz,” ” And ane and ay and ane spell ‘‘, Pray what is a speller to do? Then if also an sand anz and a g and an h-e-d spell ‘‘ cide,” There’s nothing left for a speller to do But to go and commit Stouxeyesighed.

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150 QUERTES, MULTUM IN PARVO. Gordon Cumming likened an African jungle toa forest of fishhooks relieved by an occasional patch of penknives. ‘“You look,” said an Irishman to a pale, haggard smoker, ‘‘as if you had got out of your grave to light your cigar, and couldn’t find your way back again.”’ A farmer said: ‘‘ One thing I don’t like about city folks—they be either so stuck up that yer can’t reach ’em with a hay-stack pole, or so blamed friendly that they forget to pay their board.” | ‘* Ridicule,’’ says a German critic, ‘‘is like a blow with the fist; wit, like the prick of a needle; irony, like the sting of a thorn; and humor, the plaster which heals ‘all these wounds. All of these qualities may be found in some metaphors, ”’ : A curious metaphor was used by the ora- tor who proposed to grasp a ray of light from the great orb of day, spin it into threads of gold, and with them weave a shroud in which to wrap the whirlwind that dies upon the bosom of the West. To say that a coquette is a rose-bush from which each beau plucks a leaf, and the thorns are left for the husband, is not very complimentary. Compliments are the coin that people pay a man to his face; sarcasm, what they pay him with behind his back. Man is said to be an animal that hasa mania for getting up societies and making himself president. If the presidency has been already claimed, he contents himself with the position of treasurer. In a cyn- ical old bachelor’s opinion, ideas are like beards — men only get them when they are grown up, and women never have any. It was, probably, another old bachelor who said: ‘‘ Nature shudders when she sees a woman throw a stone; but when a woman attempts to split wood, nature covers her head and retires to a'dark and mouldering cave in temporary despair.’’ A_ spinster says old bachelors are frozen-out old gar- deners in the flower-bed of love. MAY, 1888. A clergyman on board a ship began a sermon in the following manner: ‘‘ Dear friends, I shall embark my exhortation on the barge of my lips in order to cross the stormy ocean of your attention, and in hope of arriving safely at the port of your ears.”’ A schoolmaster describing a money-lender says: ‘‘ He serves you in the present tense, he lends you in the conditional mood, keeps you in the subjunctive, and ruins you in the future.”” A close observer of human nature remarks: ‘‘’Time marches on with the slow, measured tread of the man work- ing by the day.”’ A rural poet said of his lady-love: ‘‘ She is graceful as a water-lily, while her breath is like an armful of clover.’’ A poet wrote a eulogy of Washington, whose glorious life should compose a volume as Alps immortal, spotless as its snows. The stars should be its types, its press the age, the earth its binding, and the sky its page. ‘‘ It is greatly to be regretted,’ was re- marked in the hearing of an Illinois farmer, ‘*that farmers’ boys do not stick to the farm. It seems as if scarcely any of them do.”’ ‘*Q, Idunno,”’ said the farmer. ‘‘I’ve raised eight boys and they’re all farmers ‘cept one.” ‘*Ts that ‘so? Only one of them caught by the glitter of the city, eh?”’ ‘* Yes, that’s all. Poor Bob would go, spite of all I could do—run away to the city when he was twelve, and we ain’t never seen him since, though it’s been over twenty year. But I dunno but it’s all right; he hadn’t no likin’ for farm work, nor wouldn’t take no interest in it. He jes’ naturally seemed to hate the farm and didn’t know enough about farm work to drive ducks to water.”’ ‘‘ Yes, I think it was better that he should leave the farm, as he evidently had no taste © for it. Is he in the mercantile business?” | ‘*QO, no, nothing of the kind,”’ replied the farmer; ‘‘no, for the last ten years Bob has been editor of an agricultural paper. He - writes most all of the ‘Hints to Farmers’ ‘How to Do Farm Work,’ ‘Stick to the Farm, Boys,’ and such things.”

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QUERIES, MAY, 1888. es A thoughtful writer describes one-eyed travellers, who see a great deal of some par- ticular class of objects and are blind to all others, and adds: ‘‘ The Irish jaunting car, in which the passengers sit back to back, is a sort of type of what befalls many tour- ists in Ireland. Each sees a great deal, and reports faithfully what he has seen on one side of the road, and the other on the other. One will have seen all that is green, and the other, all that is orange.”’ - HISTORICAL. MELODRAMA, Melodrama in which dialogue is inter- spersed with music began in January in the eighteenth century. NEW BRUNSWICK. New Brunswick was separated from Nova Scotia receiving its present name as a separ- ate colony, in 1785. Entered into legisla- tive union with Canada 1867. INDIA. The first European settlements in India were those established by Varco de Gama at Cochin in 1502. ‘These were Portuguese settlements. The Dutch obtained a footing in India in 1602, the French in 1664. The English established factories at Surat and other places in 1612. HERAT. Herat, the Afghanstan city which figures so much in eastern despatches, was con- quered by the Persians in the sixteenth cen- tury; by the Afghans in 1715 ; by Nadir Shar, 1731; recovered by the Afghans, 1749; taken by the Persians, 1856; restored in 1857; seized by Dost Mahomed, May 26, 1863; taken by Yakoob Khan, May 6, 1871. FORKS, Forks are a comparatively modern inven- tion and were first known in Italy towards the end of the fifteenth century. They began to be known in France toward the ‘end of the sixteenth century, and were introduced into England in 1608, just four- teen years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth. REVIEWS. POETRY. We are pleased to welcome a collected edition of the poems of our favorite contrib- utor, that estimable Christian lady, Miss Eliza Allen Starr. It is fitting that they should appear in the beautiful form in which they do. Blue and gold, ample margins, good paper, clear type. Miss Starr is a poet born,—she breathes poetry. Her prose com- positions are poetical, her art lectures are remarkable for their poetic conceptions, and her conversation, her voice, everything about her is what we like to deem poetical. Why should not these ‘‘ Songs of a Lifetime” be poetry itself. Miss Starr was born in Deer- field, Mass., August 29, 1824. She was educated in her native town. In 1856 she located in Chicago, and has since resided there. She published a book of poems in 1867, which is incorporated in the present volume. She has been a constant contributor to the Catholic press of the country, and is looked upon as being the leading poet of that faith, pure and simple, in America, since Father Ryan died. Being an artist and a lover of nature she sees much in out-door life that the uninitiated do not discover. Among the best of her earlier poems were ‘‘In the Timber” and ‘‘The Fringed Gentian,’’ and in her more recent works a love of out-door life is constantly appearing. The adaptation of the beauty of Nature to the beauty of Death is admirably expressed in the following, entitled ‘‘ Requiescat”’: ‘¢ Poppies,” she said and sighed; Sighed, too, as if she needed rest, This woman in life’s beauty and life’s pride, Whom all the world called blest. Swiftly the summer sped : Yet ere the August days had passed Friends whispered to each other ‘‘ She is dead ; The high tide could not last.” Love strewed her couch with bloom ; Laid rose and pansy on her breast, Who took so gently to that silent room White poppies? Dear one rest. The volume contains a very good and accurate likeness of the author. Chicago: The author, 8vo, cloth, pp. 24+400, $2.50.

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152 QUERTES, One of the most prominent figures in the literary world to-day is James Whitcomb Riley. _ From the bits of humor found in the corners of newspapers to the more finished works of the literary periodicals, not a line is: overlooked or unappreciated. These poems have a deserved popularity. Upon inquiring recently for some volumes of this author, in the largest circulating library of a large city, the books were not to be found and after several unsuccessful attempts, the librarian stated that these books were in constant demand. There is a_ pleasant surprise as one turns every page of ‘‘ After- whiles.”” From the musical measure of the first poem ending,— ‘*O far glimmering worlds and wings, Mystic smiles and beckonings, Lead us, through the shadowy aisles, Out into the afterwhiles.”’ On through the fresh touches of sentiment and pathos, even through the homely and grotesque, the work is that of a poet. Some responsive note is touched in every nature. There is no attempt at obscurity, no evidence of study of poetic forms. He talks of every- day life, and walks among the lowly, and when the story is told, the prose is poetry and the man is the poet. He is always at his best when he nears his own native ‘‘ Indiany”’ and his dialect pieces most happy when he talks as a Hoosier. But the first part of ‘* Afterwhiles’’ shows that he is at home elsewhere than in dialect poetry. Such poetry as this writer gives us is worthy of our time. It always elevates; we are taught to form higher ideals, and in such homely verse as— ‘* Had a hare-lip, Joney had, Folks ’at filed apast all knowed it, Them ’at ust to smile looked sad, But ef Ze thought good er bad, He kep’ still and never showed it. ’Druther have that mouth, all pouted And split up, and like it wuz, Than the ones ’at laughed about it. Purty is as purty does!” What a wholesome lesson! We wish for more poetry that cultivates the heart, for it should take precedence over much that is MAY, 1888. written to appeal purely to the intellect. In- dianapolis: Bowen-Merrill Co., 16mo, cloth. The poems of Constance Faunt Le Roy Runcie, easily take a place among the many volumes of poetry written to-day. They are read and laid aside with the feeling that few are born poets, although many attain toa pleasant style of verse and are not unworthy of attention. There is nothing especially original in these poems although they show study and care. The lyrics please best, and among these there is one especially dainty called ‘‘ This would I do.”’ ‘*‘ Poems Drama- tic and Lyric,”’ by Constance Faunt Le Roy Runcie. New York and London: G, P. Put- nam’s Sons, 16mo, cloth, $1. | A reader would not be likely to select from the work of a voluminous writer such parts as the author himself would choose; so it is always interesting to know the poet’s opinion of his own work. ‘This we have a chance to do in the recently published col- lection of Swinburne’s ‘‘Select Poems.’ The severest critic who looks askance at some of Swinburne’s bold flights must ap- preciate the beauty, power and originality of his remarkable versification. To the reader who finds to-day so much to claim his time, it is very satisfactory to have a thor- oughly representative collection of one poet’s work. Such is the new volume. Among these poems (all previously published) we find ‘‘ Off Shore,’’ selections from ‘‘A Song of Italy,” ‘‘ Tristram of Lyonesse,” ‘‘ Trag- edy of Marie Stuart,”’ etc., the book ending with the very characteristic ‘‘Adieux & Marte Stuart.’’ New York: Worthington Co.,12mo, cloth. | ‘*Lochrine, a Tragedy,” by Algernon Charles Swinburne, is a work of sixty pages, in blank verse, which fairly and forcibly illustrates the dramatic power of the poet who is its author. It has a constantly increasing interest and charm; it is musical in its rhythm: and, as a work of art and of genius, it is creditable to the fame of its author. The old admirers of Swinburne will read it; those who read it will become his admirers, perhaps, without fully endors- ’

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QUERIES, ing all his sentiments. New York: John B. Alden, 16mo, cloth, 25c. MUSIC. The compilation committee and the pub- lishers of ‘‘ The University of Toronto Song Book” are to be congratulated not alone upon its appearance and its careful editing, but upon the happy eclecticism that wisely prevails in its pages, and upon the care that has been expended in order to produce something of distinct literary and musical value. With regard to the contents, they are chiefly made up of standard songs, such as easily catch the ear and appeal to the wants of an undergraduate body, while sev- eral decidedly superior numbers attest to the growth of an artistic sense among the students. Such are the ‘‘Kermesse’”’ and ‘* Soldiers’ Chorus,” from ‘‘ Faust,” ‘‘ Ye Shepherds, Tell Me,” and ‘‘The Cloud- Capped Towers,” by Stevens. A fine in- stalment of national airs precedes the more purely local and effervescing productions like. ‘‘ Meerschaum Pipe” and ‘‘ Three Lit- tle Kittens,’ among which occurs a fine arrangement of the ‘‘ Marseillaise.’’ Nu- merous American importations testify to the popularity of the Yale and Harvard college songs. As far as possible, the authors’ and composers’ names are given throughout the work, and every effort made to insure accu- racy and awake the interest of the reader or possessor of this elegant volume. Last, but far from least, are prominent the names of several of the faculty and many of the graduates and undergraduates of the univer- sity, in the relations of author, composer, and translator. Mr. Theodore Martens has fulfilled his duties as musical editor to the letter. Toronto: I. Suckling & Sons, 8vo, cloth, pp. 177, $1.25... MISCELLANEOUS, ‘*St. George and the Dragon,’ and ‘‘Kensington Junior,” by Margaret Sidney, are two capital boys’ stories by one who knows boys and their ways. ‘The first has for its hero a bright impulsive lad who has a good many dragons to fight before he gets a firm grip of the world, but who meets them MAY, 1888. 153 so bravely and combats them so sturdily that from threatening monsters they sink into insignificance. ‘‘ Kensington Junior’ has two or three characters about equally prom- inent. Its main interest, however, revolves about a young man who has been detected in a burglary to which he has been driven by want, but who is trying to lead a better life. He starts a drawing-school under the auspices of one or two families that are in- terested in him, and innocently makes an enemy of one of his pupils, who attempts to break up the school and drive him away. Of course he does not. succeed, but the author gives an intensely interesting account of his attempts and their failure. Boston: D. Lothrop Co., 16mo, cloth, illustrated, pp. 175, $I. | ‘* Robert Southey, the Story of His Life, Written in His Letters,” edited by John Dennis, is full of treasure. Southey was an indefatigable letter-writer ; and his letters are singularly frank, full of his own personality, and abundantly illustrative of the literary: period in which he was conspicuous with some who have borne time more successfully. Boston: r2mo, cloth, pp. 443, $2.25. The ‘‘consolation of philosophy” has been a frequent theme for students and thinkers. Sir John Lubbock might well have named _ his delightful series of essays, ‘*'The Pleasures of Life,’’ ‘‘’The Consolation of Science and Learning”’ instead. The author is no pedant, no bookworm, but a frank sympathizer with his fellows in the work-a-day world, discoursing of the duty of happiness, as well as the happiness of duty. Of books also he treats, and of friendship; of the ‘‘ pleasures of travel’’ he writes most entertainingly, but the chapter entitled ‘‘the pleasures of home’”’ is in style. and in substance the gem of the collection. New York: J. Fitzgerald, 8vo, paper, pp. 45, 15 cents. ‘“The United States and the Northern Eastern Fisheries, a History of the Fishery | Question”’ by Charles B. Elliott, of the Minneapolis Bar has great value as a detailed | and accurate historical review of a subject

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154 ' QUERTES, which has been generally discussed during the last few years, and to which another chapter is at this moment being added by the deliberations of the commission in session at Washington. Especially to be commended is Mr. Elliott’s treatment of the treaty clauses of 1818 whose meaning is now so hotly con- tested. The chapters relating to the contest for the right to purchase bait, and that dealing with commercial usages as applied to the treatment of American vessels in Canadian ports are not only exhaustive, but something more; they are fair. Minneapolis: Department of History, University of Min- nesota, 8vo, paper, pp. 151, 50 cents. NEWS AND NOTES. Mr. John Imrie, of Toronto, a poet of considerable local reputation, has just issued a tasty little ‘‘ Bouquet of Sonnets for Thoughtful Moments.” Mr. N. H. Dole is giving a course of six lectures on Russian Literature at the Berke- ley Lyceum in New York. Mr. Dole was formerly literary editor of the PAzladelphia Press, and afterwards of Zhe Epoch; and is well known as a translator of Russian, and other foreign novels. Ernest De Lancy Pierson is considered the head of the class of young poets that has devoted itself to society verses. He was the first to compile a volume of these verses, that have been in fashion now about a dozen years. Mr. Pierson has a novel in press entitled ‘‘ The Siege of Fifth Ave- nue.” It issaid that the book is very bright and interesting, and that several of the char- acters are drawn from real life. George Kennan tells inthe May Century how he came to go to Siberia on the Century expedition. Mr. Kennan had spent some time in Siberia already in connection with the overland telegraph scheme, and in the sum- mer of 1884 he made a preliminary excursion to St. Petersburg and Moscow for the pur- pose of collecting material, and ascertaining whether or not obstacles were likely to be thrown in his way by the Russian Govern- MAY, 1888. ment. He returned in October, fully satis- fied that his scheme was a practical one. He therefore sailed from New York for Liverpool in May, 1885. He says: ‘‘All my prepossessions were favorable to the Russian Government and unfavorable to the Russian Revolutionists.’’ He adds that this ‘‘ partly explains the friendly attitude toward me which was taken by the Russian Government, the permission which was given me to in- spect prisons and mines, and the compara- tive immunity from arrest, detention, and imprisonment which I enjoyed, even when my movements and associations were such as justly to render me an object of suspicion to the local Siberian authorities.” Mr. William Emmette Coleman, of San Francisco, a frequent contributor to QUE- RIES, was elected a member of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland at its last meeting; he was already a member of the American Oriental Society ; member of the Pali Text Society, London, England; President of the Golden Gate Religious and Philosophical Society, San Francisco, Cali- fornia; member of the Theosophical Pub- lication Society, London, England. James Whitcomb Riley, the Hoosier poet who made such a hit at the Authors’ Read- ing in Washington, has had a rather eventful career. Asa boy, he was very fond of the- atricals, and was always the ‘‘star.”’ He wanted to be a portrait painter, but as sign painting was more profitable, he took that up instead. He even descended to decorate fences and convenient rocks with advertise- ments, but finally became tired of that occu-. pation,. and again devoted himself to the stage. He joined a strolling company. Sometimes when his lines did not suit him, he rewrote them, and often recast the entire play. At one time he was attached to a com- bination where the salary depended upon the amount of patént medicine that was sold be- tween the acts, and in which he was actor, artist and musician in turn. It was during this period of his life that Mr. Riley ac- quired his knowledge of human nature, and enriched his dialect vocabulary.

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QUESTION DEPARTMENT. Answers to Questions in this number will appear in the July issue. PLANT HISTOR Y. J. L. BEDFORD. 1. What plant is used to make the famous blow- pipes of the South American Indians? himiicher 2. Name the nut universally chewed by the Malayan races. : ' 3. Of what countries is it a native? 4. What tree was consecrated to Ceres by the Romans? 5. What seed is supposed to render the posses- sor invisible ? ; 6. What plant was the.badge of an English royal family ? 7. Name the royal family. 8. Who gave the first accurate information regarding India rubber? g. What plant is extensively cultivated in Hungary giving employment to 2500 families ? to. On what island were cloves once exclusively cultivated ? 11. What nation destroyed hundreds of clove trees, to sustain acertain price? | 12. Of what country is coffee supposed to be a native ? | : 13. What tree is known as ‘‘Palm of the Desert’? 14. From what circumstance did Dogwood receive its name? 15. What state produces the largest amount of cranberries? Hes 16. What fruit combints in itself a delicious flavor and a most offensive odor ? : 17. What are its native countries? 18. What nation sent sprigs of holly to their friends as emblems of good wishes? Rew one 19. What plant was dedicated to Bacchus, the , God of Wine? 20. What city of Palestine is celebrated for its olive orchards? 21. What tree is the emblem of South Carolina? 22. The first pineapples seen in England were sent as a present to whom? Oru... Lt~ 23. When and by whom was the potato intro- duced into England ? 24. Where did he discover it? 25. Name the largest fruit of any known plant. THE LATIN LANGUAGE. CLARA J. MC KEAN. 1. Why is the language called Latin rather _ than Roman? 2. The Latin language offers greater freedom in the arrangement of words than the English. Why? 3. (a) From what colony did the Romans de- ‘ rive their alphabet? (b) Of how many letters did its oldest form consist ? 4. What three French words, pronounced alike, come from the Latin words, mare, major, mater. 5. Who introduced the practice of writing double consonants ? 6. Which parts of speech in Latin are inflected? 7. What was the original termination of the dative and ablative plural of consonant stems ? 8. When did Julius Cesar reform the Roman calendar? g. How many Latin adjectives end in -osus? ‘to. What proportion of Latin deponent verbs belong to the first conjugation. 11. When does the Latin passive voice corres- pond to the Greek middle voice? 12. When should mde the noun be used ? 13. How many different single meters are used by Horace in his lyrical compositions ? 14. What is the difference in meaning between the singular and the plural of the following words? (a) agua, (b) hortus, (c) opera, (d) fides, (e) tabula. 15. What Latin author used o//1s and olla for tllas and tla? 16. Which are the strong and which the weak cases? | 17. Why are the enclitics so called ? 18, A wish for something possible in the future requires what mood and tense in Latin? 1g. Which pronoun is considered the demon- strative of the first person? Of the second? Of the third ? _20. Why are prepositions so called ? 21. It what three ways may audacior be trans- lated ? 22. Which are the two most common compound nouns? : 23. Name three neuter nouns of the second declension ? 24. In what two ways may ‘‘all things” be expressed in Latin? 25. When must zow never be used? ‘ MYTHOLOGICAL FACETLA. WM. EMMETTE COLEMAN. 26. Notches. 27. <A beginner in learning.

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d. fack: Prk Hye 156 QUERIES, MAY, 1888. 28. A song of triumph. 29. A parrot, and an exclamation. ‘30. One of the alleged earliest bie ty of Rome. 31. Prepossession. 32. A seaport town in France. 33. The speaker is indebted. 34. Could truthfully be said by eggs. 35. A metal discovered in the present century. 36. An extensive continent. 37. .Tocolor, and a female name. 38. Three sisters of note in the literary world. 39. The central figure in a story. 40. A kind of oil. 41. A river in South America. 42. I perceive that you deliver. 43. A metalic fastening for clothing. 44. Three kinds of advertisements,— (1) exalt- ed, (2) low, and (3) uninteresting. 45. Devoured one of the musical iste. 46. Forgetfulness. 47. A musical instrument in which steam is utilized. 48. A novel by Ouida (2). 49. To behold the harvests. 50. A wise counsellor. WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT. WILLIAM H. TIBBALS, 26. Of what month does the poet speak in the following lines: ‘‘ Ah, passing few are they who speak, Wild, stormy month! in praise of thee; Yet, though thy winds are loud and bleak, Thou art a welcome month to me.” Manel. 27. What beautiful poem, written more than fifty years before the death of the poet, the gentle wishes of which seem to be prophecy ? 28. To whom does the following refer ? . ‘* Death should come Gently, to one of gentle mould like thee. ate _29. In what two other poems do we find allu- sions to the same person Pack bid sSeeetin a 30. What was the last poem that Mr. Bryant newWrote just previous to his removal to New York? Sf. hie was claimed by Mr. Fitzgerald, t —- of England? He ae 32. ‘* Thou com’st from Jersey meadows, fresh and green, The offspring of the gods, though born on earth.” To what or whom is the reference in the above lines ? A M4 wile 33. What poem was printed in ‘‘ The Talisman” of 1829 as ‘‘ The Close of Autumn” ? Ys hie ths fh A oe Owe 34. What poem did our author commonly select when asked to repeat some of his own lines? 35. To whom is the reference in the following ? ‘‘Chains may subdue the feeble spirit, but thee, *, * % * %. *.-) They could not tamets ; 7 36. What character, does our author say, ‘‘ is Ps acknowledged on all hands, to be one of the noblest, as well oo ost striking and op gia, crea- tions of fiction” ? pists 37. To whom would t author ‘address the following words ?—‘‘ Farewell! happy in thy life, happy in thy death, happier in the reward to which that death was the assured passage.” 38. ‘‘Heis gone! but the creations of his genius, fixed in living words, survive the frail material organ by which the words were first traced.” To whom do these words refer? ‘4. grew * 39. Whom did our poet call ‘‘ The Horace of this great, opulent, populous, card Rome of ry Dork the Western Hemisphere” [ New York] ? $4 40. Of whom does Mr. Bryant say ‘‘ H's day was like one of the finest days in the season of the summer solstice,— bright, unclouded, and long” liaplawth 41. On what occasion only did Mr. Bryant apply to the governmental authorities for an office? 42. Who was the boy referred to in the follow- ing lines ?— ‘* Boy! thy first looks were taught to seek Their heaven in Hellas’ skies.”’ 43. When and where did our author see the _ prairies ? 44. Where were the lines entitled ‘‘ Life” written ? . 45. To what does the song ‘‘ The Siete Mount- ain Boys”’ refer ? 46. To whom were the lines, ‘‘The Future Life’ addressed ? 47. ‘* The words of fire that coms his pen Were flung upon the fervid page, Still move, still shake the hearts of men, Amid a cold and coward age.”’ To whom do these lines refer ? 48. Who was the aged man veieiued to in ‘* The Old Man’s Counsel” ? 49. Where did the poet find the ‘ Painted Cup’? 50. Who planted the tree which ‘‘ Drops the heavy fruit of the tall black-walnut tree” ? SCULPTURE. _ Yaocor ELLEN R. MARTIN. What does this group represent ? ie In what moral light do some look at this : piece 24h rw ant Be Pe Pon he of ben 53. How does it compare with the Niobe group? Race is drow i aes ver ae

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$4 2a He Sermo Ore Hee tty FfQUERIES, MAY, 1888. 54. Where was the Apollo Belvedere found ? 55. What idea does it embody —*, ages 56. Why is it called Belvedere 24 Da Pred 57. What sculptor was most fertile in portrait statues, especially in statues of Alexander Ee Y 66. aE wach ae ls AS7 ‘*No sun, no moon, No morn, no noon, No dusk, no dawn, No proper time of day.” Who was the first king of England ? 58. When was the Farnese Toro found? 4% ‘67. What place is knownas the ‘‘ Garden of “59. Who were the sculptors of this work? ° France”? Why called Farnese Toro Tabce Larnese mete - (68. How did Paris get it’s name? 61. What criticism is there upon this work % Zool ony Where do the Parisians bury their dead? 62. Where is the Dying Gaul? o. The French area mixture of what races? 63. What was it formerly called Ly mt Ge ¢ atZe2_-71. How old is the republic of Andora ? 64. What is the meaning of torso? Me Boge ¢@ 72. Whatand where was the Alhambra? 65. What does the Belvedere torso represent ? 44. Who is king of Denmark? 66. When did the Attic school of sculpture ap- 74. Name and give length of the longest tun- pear in Rome ? A Fi 2B. & Buwy 7 atmo B ‘nel in the world. 67. When did it rise into brilliant activity, Mace 9 AZ Germany? 68. What work exhibits an allegorical tendency and frolicsome gaiety ? Aig A” — 69. To what era is this ascribed ? Z« ps 70. Who were the Diadochi? 3 71. What is said of the drapery and attitude a the sleeping Ariadne Mt forecetl a da wae] 7- 72. What was the chief characteristic of Roman 78. sculpture ? (y pada OA yee ~ - oO. 73. What was a prescribed Roman law with re- gard to statuary oF ar ee eee 81. wen 706. hat city contains the largest cathedral of LITERARY SOBRIQUETS. C. W. MOULTON. A genial day in an English Spring. bdjmeer ~ The Chaucer of fos Wham Duos mr — Sporting Kyd. Yew we Fancy’s Child. “Weui,. The Most Unhappy Man on Ear 7 Wns PA Ace Prope w~ Dizzy. ; 5 Maud 74. What accompanied plastic portraiture and | __ 82. The Father of Jests. led to a new Roman school ?A 52. Who is the present Monarch of Brazil? go. The Sage of Concord, & NN WO 53. What city is known as the City of Earth- gt. Danbury News Man y ar sidin quakes? Why? - g2. The Ettrick Shepherd, < 54. Name the oldest city in South America. 93. Well of English Undefiled: yhoo we 55. Who founded Lima of Peru? When? 94. Father of Experimental Philosophy. Av qr w y - 56. Between what years did the South American 95. The Rubens of English Poetry, ‘a Wer, Mere states gain their independence ? g6. The Shakespeare of Scotland. \QUt\iws 57. Name the oldest existing city in the world? 97- Miss Alfred, ura te m Sor Wiis on founded? 98. The American Green. eee 8. Whatis the Light House of the Mediter- 99. The Sage of Chelsea ale = aaa? . 100. The English Hyperides._ Be ce 59. Name the oldest republic in Europe. 52. Should read, George Pa ee ae 60. What was the ancient name of Switzerland ? 61. What monarch of Turkey was known as LITERATURE OF FRANCE. Lightning ? CHARLES W. BAIN. 62. Who founded the Russian monatehgii ? 96, What are the two best tragic productions of 63. What poet has given us a fine description of | Racine? “* Loch Katrine” ? 77. Upon what is ‘‘Athalie” based ? 64. What is Queen Victoria’s summer palace? 78. Name the pulpit orators of the age of Louis 65. What celebrated poet gave the following | XIV. description of London? 79. Give a short sketch of Nicholas Malebranche.

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158 QUERIES, 80. Give the dates of birth and death of Francois Fénelon. 81. Give some of the allusions thought to be made by his characters in ‘‘ Télémaque.” 82. Who was the author of ‘‘ Gil Blas” ? 83. Name the writers of memoirs in the age of Louis XIV. 84. What is the masterpiece of Montesquieu ? 85. Give the date of birth and death of Voltaire, and name his earliest work. 86. Give a short sketch of his early life. 87. Who were the originators of the Encyclo- peedia ? | 88. Who was the last of the moralists on the plan marked out by Pascal and La Brugére? 89. Give the dates of the birth and death of George Louis Leclerc, count de Buffon, name his _ works and state what position he occupied among learned men of the 18th century. go. State the works by which Jean Jacques Rousseau gained his highest fame. git. Name the author of ‘‘The Barber of Seville” and ‘‘ The Marriage of Figaro,” and give a brief account of the comedies. 92. Who was the greatest rhetorician of Revo- lution ? 93. Give a brief sketch of Camille Desmoulins. 94. Who was the editor of Les Actes des Apotres, and in whose interest was it edited ? 95. Upon what work does Chateaubriand’s fame rest? : 96. Give dates of birth and death of Madame de Stael and a short account of her style. 97. Name the best philosopher under the em- pire, state his views, and who were his chief masters. 98. To what author was the literary Anglo- mania of the Empire and Restoration due? 99. Who was the most powerful pamphleteer of the Empire and Restoration ? 100. State the greatest chansonnier of the Empire and Restoration and give a brief account of his songs. ANSWERS. Answers to Questions that appeared in the March number. SCULPTURE. ELLEN R. MARTIN, To carve cunningly. Lions in the Gate at Mycene. Homer. Rude. BYP H MAY, 1888. 5. Phidias. 6. Praxiteles. 7. Lysippus. 8. The Age of Pericles. g. The Discobolus. 10. Bronze. 11. Animal. 12. Hegias. 13. Ageladas. 14. Charmides. 15. Cimon’s. 16. Pericles. 17. Olympian Jove. 18. The Otricoli Copy in the Vatican. 1g. Statues of ivory and gold. 20. From Carrey’s drawings and from the writings of the ancients. | 21. The Western, because it stood at the en- trance of the Acropolis. 22. They were broken to fragments when Morasini was endeavoring to remove them. 23. The Birth of Athens. 24. Grandeur of conception, nobility of action, harmonious beauty. 25. Contest of Minerva and Neptune for the supremacy of the Attic land. HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY. FREDERICK MAGLOTT. 1. Phaah-ho’ tep’s Book written 4,000 years ago. ~ Barnes’ ‘‘ Ancient History.” In Babylon. Valley of Cashmere. Phoenicians. Necho, king of Egypt. Erastosthenes. Hipparchus. Strabo, a Greek of Pontus. Pomponius Mala. | Marco Polo. 11. Carl Ritter. 12. Hipparchus. 13, (a), Southern Mexico; (b), 3,000 feet above the plain; (c) 1759. 14. Worcester, Mass. 15. 1812 by an earthquake. 16. Herculaneum and Pompeii. 17. Blumenbach’s best specimen skull was ob- tained near the Caucasus Mountains. 18. Patriarchal. Ig. Gunnbjorn about 876 A. D. 20. Grijalva. 21. 1800. 22. (a), Eight miles; (b), $10,000,000. SP Pa Pm he al

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QUERIES, MAY, 1888. 159 23. Paterson, N. J. 24. From Maine in France. 25. Massachusetts and Connecticut. LITERARY SOBRIQUETS.: C. W. MOULTON. 26. W. E. Gladstone. 27. Geoffery Chaucer by Tennyson. 28. Samuel Johnson. 29. Samuel Johnson by Smollett. 30. Roger Ascham. 31. George Crabbe. 32. John Dryden. 33. Edward Capern. 34. Alexander Pope. 35. Ben Johnson. 36. Jonathan Swift. 37. Francis Bacon by Lewes. 38. John Miller by Hazlitt. 39. Henry Fielding by Byron. 40. Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. 41. William Wordsworth. 42. Elizabeth Barrett Browning. 43. Alfred Tennyson. 44. Sir Isaac Newton by Campbell. 45. Mathurin Regnier. 46. Robert William Buchanan. 47. John Oldham. 48. Jacques Jasim of Gascony. 49. John Gay. 50. Martin Opitz. LITERATURE OF FRANCE. CHARLES W. BAIN. 26. Chrétien De Froyes. 27. Benoit de Ste. More. 28. Thibault IV, Count of Champagne. — 29. The Roman de la Rose. 30. Was born about the middle of the twelfth century and died in 1213. Was an historian, soldier, and diplomatist. Was sent by Thibault III to Venice to treat for the passage of troops of the fourth crusade through that couhhtry. He was present at the taking of Constantinople, the events of which he describes in his ‘‘ History of the Con- quest of Constantinople.” He is the Xenophon of his own history, having been an actor in all he writes. His history is trustworthy, and presents a lively picture of the times. 31. Philippe de Remi, Lord of Beaumanoir. 32. Foissart and Commines. 33. Charles, Duke of Orleans, René, Duke of Anjou, King of Naples, Sicily, etc., and Francois Villon. 34. Margueritte, Queen of Navarre (1492-1549). 35. Clement Marot was valet de chambre to Fran-. cis the first. Wasa satirist, paying the penalty of his liberty with his life. He died a miserable exile. He was a pedant and vagabond, a scholar, a man of letters ennobled by education, and degraded by the intoxication of knowledge. He was eminently endowed with the power of pleasing speech. 36. Rabelais born 1483, died 1553. 37. Because of its exceeding coarseness. 38. Born 1533, died 1592. He occupies a position between Rabelais and Calvin, having none of the coarseness and abandon of the former, nor the ascetic sternness and awkward pleasantries of the latter. Rabelais used the club, Montaigne’ the delicate rapier. 39. Pasquier. 40. Calvin (1509-1564), Theodore de Beza (1519- 1605), Farel (1498-1565), and Viret (1511-1571). 41. To the ‘‘Sampson Agonistes.” 42. Count of Monte Cristo. 43. It is the most notable production of the Royalist party in the fierce struggle for religious. liberty, and one of the most formidable documents ever given to the world. 44. ‘‘ Défense et Illustration de langue Ibran- caise,” written by Joachin pais (1524-1 es 45. Ronsard, . Daurat, Dubellay, — Jodelle, Baif, and Tyard. 46. Pierre de Ronsard. (1) Five Books*tof Odes, (2) Amours, (3) Hymns, (4) Discourse about the miseries of these times, (5) Franciade, (6) Eco-. logues, (7) Leverre. 47. Melin de Saint. Gilais, and Charles Fon- taine, and above all, Rabelais. | 48. M. de Malherbe... 49. Etienne Jodelle. 50. It attacks the worldly life of the rich clergy. There is poverty of invention, but individual passages are good. The irony in parts is fine, showing more subtlety than Villon, and more keenness than Rabelais. “Betiean, X FAMILIAR SCIENCE. DAVID W. DENNIS, A. M. 51. The air with the germs of vegetable growth. which it contains is excluded. 52. No. 53. Nascent oxygen is liberated and it burns the sugar. : 54. Nascent oxygen burns the phosphorus even under water. 55. Oxygen. 56. (a) The wet one. (b) Because the chlorine unites with the hydrogen of the water and liberates.

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QUERIES, 160 nascent oxygen which burns up the coloring matter of the cloth. 57. Itis an oxidizing agent. 58. Priestly; 1774; by heating red oxide of mer- ‘cury in a tube. 59. About one fifth. 60. (a) No. (b) Ashes are the product of com- bustion. . 61. (a) Yes. (b) No. (c) No. with oxygen. Fluorine does not. ‘burned,— oxidized. 62. Oxygen. 63. Lime in a burning jet of oxygen. 64. One way is by heating equal weights of potassium chlorate and manganese dioxide in a retort. 65. Ozone. 66.- Make a small cavity in a piece of charcoal; ignite the charcoal at the bottom of the cavity and ‘turn a jet of oxygen, by means of a blowpipe, on ‘a small nail in the cavity. 67. Oxygen. 68. A substance from which nothing has ever ‘been extracted different from the original. 69. An element is-nascent at the moment of its liberation from a compound. 70. Its chemical properties are very much more active than in its ordinary state. 71. Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and watery vapor. 72. Carbon dioxide comes up through crevices in the earth about it. 73. Carbon dioxide is heavier than air and gathers in the bottom of the cave. 74. One way is by pouring hydrochloric acid on marble or chalk. 75. The lime water becomes turbid. (d) Iron unites Lime is calcium LAST WORDS OF NOTED PERSONAGES. (Alleged.) WM. EMMETTE COLEMAN. 51. Benjamin Franklin. 52. Admiral Coligni. . 53. William Ellery Channing. 54. Frederick the Great. 55. Alice Carey. 56. St. Louis, of France (Louis IX). _ Henry Clay. 58. Sir Thomas More. 59. Robert Toombs. Charles James Fox. 61. Bayard Taylor. 62. Sir Philip Sidney. 63. Edmund Kean. 64.. Dr. William Hunter. MAY, 888. 65. George James Danton. 66. William Cowper. 67. General T. J. (Stonewall) Jackson. 68. Richard Wagner. 69. John Keats. 70. Bishop Latimer, 71. Charles Dickens. 72. General Charles Lee. 73. Victor Emmanuel. 74. Louis XIV, of France. 75. Charles Kingsley. AMERICAN MUSIC AND MUSICIANS. F. O. JONES. 76. Atone of the theatres of Philadelphia then the capitol of the United States. 77. Our second war with England in 1812. 78. Francis Scott Key (born, 1780; died, 1843). 79. The Bombardment of Fort McHenry. Five. ; 81. O. W. Holmes. | 82. It is an adaptation of an English piece. 83. In a private house at Baltimore, by F. Durang who also arranged the music. 84. My country, ’tis of thee. 85. Rev..S. F. Smith, D. D. 86. The melody of ‘‘ God save the King.” 87. About 1865. 88. Receiving instruction from special teachers in each department of music. 89. In 1829, at Concord, N. H. Dr. George F. Root. gt. At New York City in 1852. 92. May 6th to toth, 1873, at Cincinnati, O. 93. Harvard Musical Association library, 3000 volumes; Boston Public library, 2000 volumes ; Harvard University library, 2500 volumes; Yale College library, gooo volumes and 700 MSS. 94. No; unless we except some of Stephen C. Foster’s songs and the negro melodies of the South. g5. Certainly. The tendency is slowly that way. 96. German. . 97. About two-thirds. 98. With respect and as true musicians. 99. Yes. While our culture is not so thoroughly - disseminated as in older countries, the musical audiences of our large cities are fully as intelligent and quite as critical as those of large foreign cities. 100. Why not? Shall the ‘‘ Divine Art” languish where all others have found a home and flourished ? HISTORY OF CALIFORNIA. T. S. PRICE. 76. Mark Twain. 77. Joaquin Miller.

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QUERIES, MAY, 1888. 161 78. Francis Bret Harte, in ‘‘The Heathen Chinee.” 79. John F. Swift. 80. Charles De Young. 81. The old Mexican grants. 82. From Madera to Yosemite and return, going to the falls one day and returning the next. 83. The Native Sons of the Golden West. 84. The Modocs. 85. A party of immigrants, including a family named Donner, that were snowed in, during early times and perished of hunger and cold. 86, Fifty-two. 87. The Spanish. 88. Eight electoral votes, 89. Irrigation and the colony system. go. Wheat, wine, fruit, wool, gold, quicksilver, etc. gt. A narrow strip of country extending through the central and northern part of the state, in which ‘citrus and semi-tropical fruits flourish. 92. Yosemite Falls, Big Trees, Geysers, high mountains, 93. Mt. Whitney, the highest mountain, and Death Valley, the greatest natural depression, in the United States— 75 miles apart. 94. The Southern Pacific Railroad. 95. The Lick Observatory at Mt. Hamilton. 96. James Lick, whose body lies beneath the ‘Observatory. 97. Marysville, whose streets are lower than the bed of the river which flows beside it. Dikes of ittwenty feet in height surround the city. 98. The Branch U.S. Mint of San Francisco. g9. The United States Navy Yard. 100, February 28th, 1849; the ‘‘ California.” and PRIZE SELECTIONS. I. John Gay; Fables; The Shepherd and the Philosopher. 2. W. H. Venable; To My Wife; Dedication to Melodies of the Heart. : 3. Alfred Tennyson; The Princess. 4. Samuel Butler; Satire on Plagiaries. 5. Austin Dobson; The Ballad of Imitation, 6. George Herbert; Temple; or,The Church Porch. 7. Henry Abbey; A Morning Pastorial. 8. Richard Watson Gilder; The Sonnet, Poet and His Master. g. Isa Craig-Knox; Ode on the Centenary of Burns. | 10. Mrs. Helen Hunt Wendell Holmes. Jackson; To Oliver 11. Louise I. Guiney; Brother Bartholomew. 12. Ina D. Coolbrith; The Poet. 13. Elizabeth Oakes Smith; Poesy. . r4. William Gifford; The Baviad. 15. Chauncy Hare Townshend; On Poetry. 16. Amy Levy; A Minor Poet. 17. Arthur O’Shaughnessy; Song of a Fellow- Worker. 18. E. Norman Gunnison; Broken Strings. Ig. James Thomson; Shelley, a Poem. 20. Charles H. Noyes; The Prodigal Son to the Earth. 21. Richard Gifford; Contemplation. 22. Anna C. Lynch Botta: Thoughts in the Library. 23. Henry Niles Pierce; Beauty Born of Sorrow. 24. Mary E. C. Wyeth; The Poet’s Crown. 25. Philip James Bailey; Festus. 26. Carl Spencer; Half-Heard. 27. W. F. Fox; Our Sweet Unexpressed. 28. Jean Ingelow; Afternoon at a Parsonage. 29. Lord Byron; Manfred. 30. Edgar A. Poe; For Annie. 31. David Atwood Wasson; Seen and Unseen. 32. Adeline D. T. Whitney; Two-Fold. 33. Bayard Taylor; The Metempsychosis of the Pine. 34. Percy Bysshe Shelley; To a Skylark. 35. Robert Southey; Lines Written at Keswick; or, The Scholar; or, The Library. 36. J. Stanyan Bigg: Night and the Soul. 37. William Cowper; Alexander Selkirk. 38. John Stuart Biackie; Anaxagoras. 39. William Wordsworth; To a Child: Lines Written in an Album. 40. Robert Browning; Pippa Passes. 41. Henry W. Longfellow; The Ladder of St. Augustine. 42. Catherine Talbot; Rising. 43. Robert Herrick; Hesperides; Bishop of Lincoln’s Imprisonment. 44. James Shirley; The Traitor. 45. May Riley Smith; If We knew. 46. Christina Rossetti; Golden Silences. 47. Mollie E. Moore Davis; Going Out and Coming In. 48. Mrs. Ellen Sturgis Hooper; Duty, dita in Boston Dial, without title. 49. George Howland; Fading. 50. Newman Hall; Life is Wasted. 51. Albert Laighton; The Mystery. 52. Alice W. Brotherton; The Falling Star. 53. Nora Perry; Unattained. 54. Caroline A. Mason; Be Like the Sun. Importance of Early Upon the

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QUERIES, 55. Eugene Lee Hamilton; The Phantom Ship. 56. Frances S. Osgood; Labore est Orare. 57. Robert Southwell; Time Goes by Turns. 58. Thomas W. Handford; Work is Worship. 59. John S. Dwight; True Rest. 60. Samuel Johnson; Winter, An Ode. 61. H.K. Hudson; A Poem. 62. Abraham Cowley; Davideis. 63. Anson G. Chester; The Tapestry Weavers. 64. John Barbour; Bruce’s Apostrophe to Freedom. 65. Charlotte Fiske Bates; Satisfied. 66. Henry W. Longfellow; Autumn. 67. Laman Blanchard; Hidden Joys. 68. George Eliot; The Spanish Gypsy. 69. Erastus W. Ellsworth; What is the Use? 70. William S. Shurtleff; The Way. 71. Christopher P. Crauch; Old and Young. 72. Rev. E. H. Plumptre; A Plaster Cast from Pompeii. 73. Duncan Macgregor; Clouds and Sunlight. 74. Ella Wheeler Wilcox; The Fault of the Age. 75. John Skinner; When I Began the World; or, Song on the Times. 76. Mrs. Anna L. Barbauld; Ye are the Salt of the Earth. 77. Horatius Bonar; The Master’s Touch. 78. Richard Realf; Indirection. 79. Frank M. Imbrie; Blending. 80. Charles Mackay; Clear the Way. 81. Charles de Kay; Hesperus. 82. Frederick William Faber; The Right Must Win. 83. Alexander Smith; Sonnets. 84. Edward Young; Night Thoughts. 85. James Dodds; Sonnet, Craigcrook. 86. Ralph Waldo Emerson; Each and All. 87. Lucy Larcom; Shared. 88. William Shakespeare; Hamlet. 89. Benjamin Stillingfleet; Essay on Conversa- tion; Courtesy. 3 go. Arthur Murphy; Zenobia. gt. Park Benjamin; Press On. 92. John Brown; Barbarossa. 93. Ethel Lynn Beers; A Little While. 94. S. P. Putnam; Prometheus. 95. Clara J. Moore; The Web of Life. 96. Charlotte Smith; Elegiac Sonnets, Close of Spring. 97. John Norris; The Parting. 98. Charles Tennyson Turner; Silkworms and Spiders. 99. Henry Delaune; Epigrams. 100. George W. Bethune; Live to do Good. 101. Philip Doddridge; Epigram on his Family Arms. | The MAY, 1888. 102, Mark Akenside; Hymn to Science. 103. Richard Clevenix Trench; Retribution. 104. Charlotte Bronté; The Teacher’s Monologue. 105. Joaquin Miller; Down into the Dust. 106. Samuel Miller Hageman; Silence. 107. A. A. Hopkins; L’ Envoi. 108. Philip Garth; Change. 10g. Richard Monckton Milnes (Lord Houghton); Pleasure and Pain. 110. M. G. Brainard; Music. 111. Henry Augustin Beers; Carcamon. 112. William Alexander; Waves and Leaves. 113. Earl Robert Nugent; Ode to William Pulteney. 114. Edna Dean Proctor: Our Heroes. 115. Samuel William Partridge; ‘‘ Not to Myself Alone.” 116. Rachel Pomeroy; God’s-Acre. 117. Cradock Newton; Wonderland. 118. Chidrock Tychborn; Lines Written by One: in the Tower, Being Young, and Condemned to Die. 11g. Sir John Denham; Cooper’s Hill. 120. Samuel Miller Waring; Plead Thou My Cause. 121. Robert T. Conrad; Pride of Worth. 122. Mrs. Alicia Rutherford Cockburn; The Flowers of the Forest. 123. Charles Fenno Hoffman; Melody; or, The Blighted Heart. 124. Mrs. Robert S. Howland; Requiescam. 125. George William Curtis; Major and Minor. 126. Mrs. Harriet Winslow Sewall; Why Thus. Longing? 127. Louisa Eleanor Hervey; Be Still, Be Still, Poor Human Heart. 128. James Beattie; The Minstrel. 129. F. B. Sanborn; Anathemata. 130. Thomas Percy; The Friar of Orders Gray.. 131. Henry Kirke White; To an Early Primrose. 132. Sara J. Lippincott (Grace Greenwood ); The Poets of To-day. 133. Mrs. Sarah T. Bolton; Paddle Your Own Canoe. 134. Cornelius George Fenner; Gulf-Weed. 135. Harriet Martineau; Song for August; or, Beneath the Arch. 136. Michael Wigglesworth; Meat out of the Eater. 137. Stephen Henry Thayer; At Length. 138. James K. Lombard; ‘‘ Not as Though I had Already Attained.”’ 139. Mrs. Louisa S. McCord; Caius Gracchus. 140. James Ballantine; Ilka Blade o’ Grass Keps Its ain Drap o’ Dew. 141. George Linneus Banks; What I Live For.

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QUERIES, MAY, 1888. 163 142. Evangeline M. Johnson; ‘‘ For My Sake.” 143. Hiram Rich; In the Sea. 144. Paul Pastnor; God’s Will and Mine. 145. Andrew Norton; The Close of the Year. 146. Martin Farquhar Tupper; Proverbial Philosophy. 147. Eliza Cook; The World. 148. Harriet W. Preston; The Survivors. 149. Clinton Scollard; A Snowflake in May. 150. George Peele; Polyhymnia. OPEN CONGRESS AUTHOR WANTED. No. 195.—Will some reader of QUERIES inform ‘me of the author of the following lines, entitled, I believe, *‘ A Song for the Girl I Love’”’? H. A. B., Harper, Kas. A song for the girl I love — God love her ! A song for the eyes of tender shine, And the fragrant mouth that melts on mine, The shimmering tresses uncontrolled ‘That clasp her neck with tendril gold ; ‘The blossom mouth and the dainty chin, And the little dimples out and in-— The girl I love — God love her ! A song for the girl I loved — God love her! , A song for the eyes of faded light, And the cheek whose red rose waned to white; The quiet brow with its shadow and gleam, And the dark hair drooped in a long, deep dream; The small hands crossed for their churchyard rest, _And the lilies dead on her sweet dead breast. The girl I loved — God love her! BARTHOLDI'’S STATUE OF LIBERTY. No. 196.—Please give dimensions of the statue of ‘‘ Liberty Enlightening the World,” now in ‘course of erection in New York harbor. | J. A., Chicago, III. The figure of this statue, which is made of repousse, or hammered work — that is, thin sheets -of copper beaten into shape and fastened about an iron skeleton—is 110% feet high and weighs 100,000 pounds. The uplifted torch, however, is ‘raised 26 feet, and adding to this the pedestal, the ‘tip of the torch will be raised 220 feet from the .ground. The pedestal is of stone, 82 feet high. Some idea of the enormous proportions of the statue may be given by the fact that the forefinger is 8 feet long, and 4 feet in circumference at the The head is 14 feet high and forty 2M. second joint. persons can stand in it. SPEAKERS OF CONGRESS, No. 197.—Who was speaker of the lower House in Congress from March 4, 1855, to Feb. 2, 1856? Also, from March 4, 1859, to Feb. 1, 1860? J. H. G., Niles, Mich. The names and dates of election of the speakers of the House of Representatives from 1851 to the present time are as follows: Linn Boyd, of Kentucky, elected Dec. 1, 1851. N. P. Banks, of Massachusetts, elected Feb. 2, 1856. James L. Orr, of South Carolina, elected Dec. 7. 1857. William Pennington, of New Jersey, elected Feb. I, 1860. G. A. Grow, of Pennsylvania, elected July 4 1861. Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana, elected Dec. 7, 1863. James G, Blaine, of Maine, elected Mar. 4, 1869. Michael C. Kerr, of Indiana, elected Dec. 6, 1875. Samuel J. Randall, of Pennsylvania, elected Dec. 4, 1876. ; J. W. Keifer, of Ohio, elected Dec. 5, 1881. J. G. Carlisle, of Kentucky, elected Dec. 3, 1883. ete M. ? ‘© A BROWN STUDY.” No. 198.—Please tell us the meaning of a ‘‘brown study,” and why it is called ‘‘ brown.” W. H. F., Fairfield, Neb. The meaning of ‘‘ brown study” is given as ‘‘a gloomy reverie.” Brown is a dark color, being derived from the Saxon word dérun, meaning burned, and the adjective was given to the state of mind either because of its supposed dark and brooding nature, or, more probably, because of the shadowed aspect of the countenance while one is in a ‘‘ brown study.” y Po eS SOUND — GRAVITY. No. 199.—1. As sound travels faster in denser : mediums, why can a person hear farther on a foggy morning, when the air is rarer? 2. Why will a stone dropped from a high tower fall a little east of the perpendicular line? A. P. B., Schuyler, Neb. 1. Because the moisture with which the air is filled is a good conductor of sound. 2. Because the falling object partakes of the earth’s eastward motion. During the time the stone has been falling, ‘the earth’s rotary motion has carried its surface

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164 QUERIES, MAY, 1888. some distance to the east; the stone has been carried eastward also, and strikes the earth a little to the east of the point above where it started. Toe. M, AMERICAN FLAG. No. 200.—Why is there a large star in the center of the blue field on some flags, and the small stars around it, and why do some flags have stars all of the same size? Is there any reason for the differ- ence in the size of the stars? A. C. D., Huron, Dak. There is no reason for this difference. As the flag was originally adopted, the stars were all of the same size, and if they are now, in some instances, of varying size, the difference has no cause save the caprice of the maker of the flag. Nor is there any official rule for the arrangement of the stars on the union or the field, but in the army flag they are ' grouped in the form of one large central star, and in the navy flag they are arranged in parallel rows. +, GC? M. THE QUERY BOX. AMERICAN Music AND MUSICIANS. — 212. One hundred questions. Perfect score 1,000. First prize won by Ella R. Scott, score 975. Second prize won by Thomas Whittle, score g60. Third prize won by H. B. Baynes, score jg50. Fourth prize won by T. A. Talcott, score 945: Competi- tors, 61. HIsTORY OF CALIFORNIA.— 213. One. hundred questions. Perfect score 1,000. First prize won by Delevan Murray, score 970. ‘Second prize won by Thomas Whittle, score 960. Third and fourth prizes divided between Eugene Pear, P. A. Dixon and Mary Mixer, score 950. Competitors 42. ER IEES. No. 216.—LITERARY SOBRIQUETS. One hundred questions. Prize $10. First $5, second $2.50, _ third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to fourth set of questions due June I5. No. 217. LITERATURE OF FRANCE. One hundred questions. Prize $10. First $5, second $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to fourth set of questions due June I5. | No. 218.—SCULPTURE. Prize $10. First $5, fourth QUERIES one year. questions due June I5. One hundred questions. Answers to third set of No. 219.—HIsSTORICAL GEOGRAPHY. One hundred | questions. Prize $10. First $5, second $2.50, third second $2.50, third $1.50, $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. set of questions due June 15. Answers to third No. 220.— MYTHOLOGICAL FACETIZ. One hun- dred questions. Prize $10. First $5, second $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to second set of questions due June I5. No. 221.— WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT. One hun- dred questions. Prize $10, First $5, second $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to second set of questions due June I5. No. 222.— PLANT History. One hundred ques- tions. Prize $10. First $5, second $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to first set of questions due June I5. No. 223.— THE LATIN LANGUAGE. One hundred questions. Prize $1o. First $5, second $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to first set of questions due June I5. RULES FOR COMPETITORS. 1. The object of the prize questions is to stimu- late students to embrace a more extended and com- prehensive view of the subject treated, and furnish the instructor and his class an entertaining depart- ment. 2. Every reader of QUERIES is entitled to com- pete. Letters should bear post-mark not later than the date specified. 3. Answers should be arranged and numbered, written legibly in ink on one side of note. paper only, headed with the subject, and signed by the full address of the competitor. Answers should be as concise as possible. Where practicable, authori- ties should be given. 4. Ascore of ten will be allowed for each cor- rect answer; answers in. part will be accredited, All answers will be placed on file and a correct account kept. The competitor who answers the greatest number of questions will be awarded first prize, etc. 5. The editor reserves the right to receive an- swers that differ from those published, if in his judgment they are acceptable. 6. Prizes will be declared when stated, and are payable in new and standard books selected from . the list of Recent Publications as published. Prize winners ordering books by mail should return the amount of fostage on receipt of books. 7. Clubs and Reading Circles are allowed to compete as one individual, but no more than one member of the same club can compete’for the same prize. 8. All answers, and inquiries concerning them, should be addressed, with postage fully — to, the Editor of QuERIEs, Buffalo, N. Y.

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QUERIES, MAY, 1888. TRADE TUXEDO oo. ae Early attention is called to our Knitted Suit, “The TUXEDO,” for Ladies’, Misses’, and Children’s wear. No other suit ever sold has, in so short a time, become so universal a favorite. These Knit- ted Suits are not only the most comfortable and pleasant to wear, but are the most becoming and graceful in appearance. None genuine without the above trade-mark. Descriptive circulars sent on application. For sale only ‘y AMES McCREERY & CO., Broadway and 11th St., ~ NEW YORK. ROSE POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, TERRE HAUTE, IND.—A SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING. Well endowed, well equipped departments of Me- chanicaland Civil Engineering, Electricity, Chemis- try and Drawing. Extensi‘ e Shops and Laboratories. For Catalogue, address T. C. MENDENHALL,; Pres HOM STUDY. LATIN and GREEK at SIGHT. Use the “INTERLINEAR CLASSICS.” Sample page and Catalogue of School Books free. C. Dr SILVER & Reus No. (E) 1102 Walnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. TEACHERS DURING VACATION May find profitable px doagee Write for’ particulars. Special rates to School Libraries. Address, SCRIBNER’S MAGAZINE, 743 Broadway, New York. «CALICRAPH WRITING IACHINE rie $8502 It Stands it the Head! 20,000 in daily Use. For printed matter, etc., address THE AMERICA New York Branch, 237 Broadway, eee WRITI Pi ne’s eler For The Nervous The Debilitated The Aged URES Nervous Prostration, Nervous Head- ache, Neuralgia, Nervous Weakness, Stomach and Liver Diseases, and all affections of the Kidneys. AS A NERVE TONIC, It Strengthens. and Quiets the Nerves. AS AN ALTERATIVE, It Purifies and Enriches the Blood. AS A LAXATIVE, It acts mildly, but surely, on the Bowels. AS A DIURETIC, It Regulates the Kid- neys and Cures their Diseases. Recommended by professional and business men. Price $1.00. Sold by druggists. Send for circulars, WELLS, RICHARDSON & CO., Proprietors, RUIRLINGTAN, wr EN OLS ODIQUE % i An FARM cots ie IV A TOLY HEALING. WOUNDED reerts MANCE BROTHERS oWHITE A 1 Foe Saue By WRNGCISTS & GEKERN, MERCARKBISE DERLERS — THEH MOST:— Practical, Durable and Rapid WRITING MACHINE FOR THE Ojjice, Library, and —s Family. NC MACHINE CO., HARTFORD, CONN.

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166 QUERIES, MAY, 1888. QUERIES. A Montuity Review or LITERARY, ART, SCIENTIFIC AND GENERAL EDUCATIONAL QUESTIONS OF THE Day, CONDUCTED BY C. W. MOULTON. SUBSCRIPTION :—In the United States and Canada, One Dollar a year. Clubs of seven copies at Six Dollars. Foreign, Six Shillings. Single copies, ten cents. *. To Contrisutors :—Contributions are solicited for QUERIES on all subjects of general interest. The friends of higher education who are willing to promote the interests of this mode of instruction are invited to furnish a series of one hun- ‘dred questions and answers for early publication. Contributors will please use due caution in compilation, as it isa part of the plan of publication that all questions should be known only to ‘the contributor and the Editor before appearing in the magazine. To SusscriBERS : — Persons ordering a change in the direc- tions of the magazine must give both the old and the new ad- ‘dress in full. All subscribers who do not receive their magazine promptly will please notify us at once. The receipt of the magazine will be a sufficient acknowledgement for a single subscription. When no time is specified, it will be un- derstood that the subscriber wishes to commence with the current number. Remit by Postal Note, Money Order, or Draft on New York. All communications should be ad- dressed to MOULTON, WENBORNE & CO., 37 and 39 Court Street, BUFFALO, N. Y. PRIZE SELECTIONS. As promised in the April QuERIES, we are able to announce the successful competitors for the cash prizes amounting to three hundred dollars, offered in connection with ‘‘Prize Selections” by the pub- lishers, The D. Lothrop Company, Boston, Mass. The task of examining the multitude of papers received was an arduous one. In fairness to all ‘concerned, it was required that the work should be carefully performed. This, we think, has been ‘done. The names and addresses of the prize win- ners we give below, together with the number of correct answers attained by each. The total num- ‘ber of quotations was 825. 1. Miss Caroline H. Garland, 790 Dover, N. H. : 2. Marlboro ( Mass.) Tuesday Club, 776% Mrs. E. L. Bigelow, President. 3. Mrs. Emma L. Clough, : 770 12 Sachem St., Lynn, Mass. 4. Ada Cowles, 766 Medford, Mass. 5. Mrs. Carrie Stowe Wait, 761 311 York St., Jersey City, N. J. 6. Maria S. Porter, 750 286 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. 7. Mrs. M. R. Silsby, 747 Seneca Falls, N. Y. 8. Hattie S. Williams, 746 . Mount Vernon, New York. : 9g. Henry Wingate Stevens, 745 23 Lancaster St.,N.Cambridge, Mass. to. Herman G. Mulock, 741% 216 S. 3d St., Philadelphia, Pa. 11. Hattie J. Thing, 725 Dover, N. H. 12. Henry L. Boltwood, _ 724 Evanstown, Ill. 13. John R. Rollins, 717 Lawrence, Mass. 14. Belle Hinman Wellman and Ettie T. Farnsworth, 713 79 Myrtle St., Boston, Mass. 15. William M. Cruttenden, 712 Evening News Office, Buffalo, N. Y. 16. Mrs. Nora Canby, 710 1o1g Green St., Philadelphia, Pa. 17. Gertrude Evans, 707% Halboro, Pa. 18. Eliza G. Browning, 706% Public Library, Indianapolis, Ind. Ig. Lizzie P. McIntire, 705 120 C, St., Washington, D. C. Exceptions to the above awards will be received® until May 2oth, at which time certificates of the awards will be forwarded to the addresses, and upon presentation to the publishers, D. Lothrop Company, Boston, Mass., they will be paid. Attention is called to a partial list of correct answers to ‘‘ Prize Selections” which may be found on another page. This list will be continued from month to month until completed. Owners of the book can enter the name and author under each quotation, as there is ample room for that purpose. CONSUMPTION CURED. An old physician, retired from practice, having had placed in his hands by an East India missionary the formula of a simple vegetable remedy for the speedy and permanent cure of Consumption, Bronchitis, Catarrh, Asthma and all throat and Lung Affections, also a positive and radical cure for Ner- vous Debility and all Nervous Complaints, after having tested its wonderful curative powers in thousands of cases, has felt it his duty to make it known to his suffering fellows. Actu- ated by this motive and a desire to relieve human suffering, I will send free of charge, to all who desire it, this recipe, in German, French or English, with full directions for preparing and using. Sent by mail by addressing with stamp, naming this paper, W. A. Noyes, 149 Powers Block, Rochester, N. Y.

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A WORLD-’ROUND RECORD! THE UTTERMOST PARTS OF THE EARTH PRAISE WARNER’S “SAFE” CURE! ? Merit wins ! In the past decade H. H. Warner, who was restored to health from an ‘‘ incurable Kidney disease” by. what is now known as Warner’s Safe Cure, and made a vow that he would spread its merits before the entire world of sufferers— has seen the most signal proofs of the world’s need of a Scientific Kidney Specific. excellence because their curative effects are PERWMANENT— a sure proof of power and merit. They speak a varied language, but tell a common story : a few of their voluntary testimonials. FRANK STUART, 28 Free School Street CALCUTTA, INDIA. ‘“ In 1875 was prostrated with a sudden attack of liver trouble. From ’7s5 to 81 I had twenty of these terrible attacks. On the way to Japan, Capt. Connor of the ‘* Geukai Maru,”’ recommended me to use Warner’s Safe Cure. After using 15 bottles, J had a sound, hearty appetite, thorough enjoyment of life, things to which I had been a stranger for six long years.”’ GEORGE BICKNELL, Editor Daily a gt MEL- BOURNE, AUS., the great Australian Daily, March 30th, 1886, wrote: ‘‘ Work of a sedentary character for 20 years developed unpleasant symptoms of illness of the Liver and Kidneys. I used Warner’s Safe Cure, which speedily relieved me of the unpleasant symptoms, remedied my Dyspepsia, bet- tered my appetite, increased my enjoyment of lifeand work. It is a most valuable medicine and I have no hesitation in recommending it.”’ DR. GUSTAV WEBER, of Dessau, Duchy of Anhalt, GERMANY, May 30, 1887, writes: ‘‘ For several years I have _ suffered with inflammation of the Kidneys, Rheumatic Pains, etc., for which I go every summer to Carlsbad, and find a little relief. To this suffering is added a Diabetes Mellitus (sugar dia- betes), which ap ears alternately with Rheumatism, With the using of the 15th bottle of Warner’s Safe Cure I have completed my cure, for which I am greatly indebted to you. My general health has apparently deen restored. I repeat with this my sincere gratitude.” es REV. HENRY PLUME, M. A., Archdeacon, Towns- vile, NORTH QUEENSLAND, Oct. 15, 1887, writes: During my long bush tours I have come across many wonder- ful cures effected by Warner’s Safe Cure. For fever, so prevalent in the bush, it seems to be a certain cure. From what I have seen on my late trip, I should never start ona journey without my pack being furnished with a bottle.”’ GEO. THORNE, Ex-Premier, QUEENSLAND, at Ipswich, Sept. 2, 1887, writes: ‘* I have recommended Warner’s Safe Cure to many people who have suffered from different complaints, andin every case a cure has been effected. Per- sonally I have used the medicine and derived the greatest benefit from it.” All nations recognize and welcome Warner’s medicines as standards of the highest Read CAPT. CONNOR, of the Steamer ‘‘Geukai Maru,”’ APAN, “Suffered from congestion of the kidneys and liver, osing four stone in weight, Tcacniined to give up his steam- ship, almost contemplated suicide. One day an American passenger recommended him to use Warner’s Safe Cure. In two months use he recovered his lost strength, and was the persontfication of health and strength. ‘*‘ God bless the day I took Warner’s Safe Cure,’’ he says. GEN. W.F.NUTHALL, of 10 Edith Terrace, Brompton, S. W. LONDON, ENG., who contracted Kidney and Liver disease in India, March roth, 1887, wrote that he ‘* was at times steesesr ig with the most agonizing attacks from passage of ravel. I was firmly of the opinionthat I should xever re- cover my health, as the long residence in India had caused so much disease of the Liver and Kidneys that I was beyond permanent help. In this desponding condition I began War- ner’s Safe Cure, and in eight months / fully recovered my health, and to-day am in its full and perfect enjoyment, xever having had a particle of trouble since 8 remarkable recovery. As this was five years ago I can safely say that the wonderful cure was permanent and is all to be attributed to Warner’s Safe Cure,’’—[Author of ‘* Staff Corps Guide.’’] DR. WM. EDWARD ROBSON, Late Royal Navy, ENGLAND, writes Apr. 12, 1887, from New Egham, Staines, Eng.: ‘* My attention was first called to Warner’s Safe Cure about a year ago, when a patient of mine suffering from Bright’s Disease was cured by its use. Since that time I have prescribed it in hundreds of cases, with the most grati- fying results, and I am willing to acknowledge and commend thus frankly the value of this great remedy.” WILLIAM BEDE DALLEY, 53 C., Privy Counsel- lor of the Queen, Sydney, NEW SOUTH WALES, writes February 21, 1888: ‘‘ I can bear witness to the very great zm- — in my health consequent on the persistent use of arner’s Safe Cure.”’ The Hon. W. B. Dalley is the most celebrated lawyer in the Colony and the most brilliant orator and greatest states- man in Australia; he is ex-Premier of the Colony of New South Wales. (@s~ H. H. Warner & Co. point with pride to the World Round Fame of Warner’s Safe Cure. They offer the above as genuine in all respects and true, so far as they know, with $5,000 for proof to the con- trary. Ask your friends and neighbors about AT" sls Ee EN ed ES eS ‘tS Lhe ae Crus cee es I

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SH f 6X dd Looks and Temperament ? — Le SS G a) My) tt G ae? Y, Lif . Saar y* rw“ ie y) | ay ai 7} If you want something to read that will interest you more thoroughly than any book you ever read, send for.a copy of HEADS AND FACEs, a new Manual of Character Reading for the people. It will show you how to read people as you would a book, and see if they are inclined to be good, upright, honest, true, kind, charitable, loving, joyous, happy, and trustworthy people, such as you would like to know, and be intimately associated with; or are they by nature dishonest, untrustworthy, treacherous and cruel, uncharitable and hard-hearted, fault-finding, jealous, domineering people, whom you would not want to have intimate with yourselves or your families? | A knowledge of Human-Nature will enable you to judge of all this at sight, and to choose for your selves and children such companions as will tend to make you and them better, purer, more noble and ambitious to do and to be right. If you would know people without waiting to become acquainted with them, read Hraps AND FAcgEs and How to Study Them, a new Manual of Character Reading, by Prof Nelson Sizer, the Examiner in the phrenological office of Fowler & Wells Co., New York, and H. S. Drayton, M. D., Editor of the PHRENOLOGICAL JOURNAL. The authors know what they are writing about, Prof. Sizer having devoted more than forty years almost exclusively to the reading of character, and he here lays down the rules employed by him in his professional work. ) The study of this subject is most fascinating, and you will certainly be much interested in it. Send for the book and if on examination it is not satisfactory, return it in good condition and we will return the money. This - the most comprehensive and popular work ever published for the price, 25,000 copies having been sold the first year. Contains 200 large octavo pages, 250 Portraits and other Illustrations. We will send it carefully by mail postpaid on receipt of price, 4o cents in paper or $1. in cloth bind- ing, AGENTS WANTED. Address: FOWLER & WELLS CO., Publishers, 775 Broadway, New York.. . N. B. If you will mention this magazine when ordering, we will send you, free, a copy of THE > PHRENOLOGICAL JOURNAL (20c. a No., $2..a year), the only Magazine of Human-Nature published. HORTHAND ha poor raping me Ww a 6 t 3 di I have invented an instrument that rocured all pupils when competent, sells at sight and that is used in every See ee ae Wie Ge CHAFFEE, Osweeo, N. ¥. @ family. 60,000 have been sold in the Northwest. I can offer a good man an interest in the patent for fifteen years free. No capital required. i) spiral Wire Bustle made and com. mends itself to all for the following A FRE 49) GIFT rr 1 | A respectable fortune can be easily made, If you desire a beauti- , OR THE LADIES le permanent business, apply at once. Inclose 2-cent stamp. en cl : ‘ refer to every bank and business house in this city, . Address, a "als is the beat J. DC. KNAPP, Box 837, Minneapolis, Minn: 1] tiidd \] Lit AV & A $10 BOOK fer 25c. a Reasons. noe lins Manual of Useful Inform: is! ormation tadjusts itself to the form in a perfect manner and gives uns and World’s Atlas contains the cream of a Hil ill astylish appearance to the costume, Itislightin wei t cool, cleants and healthful. It closesitself chen the eae er sitsdown and resumes its proper shape while rising. By the adjusting strap itcan be regulated to anysize andcan not becrushed out of shape. Every person seiding us 25 cts, for a three months trial subscription to the Illus trated Companion will receive as a FREE GIFT thissplendid Bustle. The Iilustrated com ane ion is a large 16 page Iilus: ra.:ed Paper full of Stories, Sketches, Wit and Humor. One of the Finest kamily papers published. we know you will like it. The regular priceis $1.00 per year ; wesend this hande- some Bustle FREE by mail, and the Illust: aied Com- panion. forthree monthsfor 25 cents, aciub of Five : UU im@ whole library. Everybody delighted with COnktin's this vast storehouse o on nowledge on practical subjects. It has a million facts of great value toeveryone. 50 Full-Page Colored Maps and description of every country in the world. It is a handsome volume of 440 pages bound in silk cloth, and contains everything that you need to know. Nearly half a million sold in 8 jm months. We guarantee no such book has FA ever before been published, and will refund = S the money to anyone pay pea * wanted everywhere. One : PAG AGENTS agent sold 9800 copies in Washington, Another 700 in Springfield. Send 25c. for agents terms and a copy bound in ay bree or 50c. fora copy in library style. LAIRD & LEE, Lakeside Building, Chicago, Illinois. for $1.00, Accept this special offer whil last. Satisfaction Guaranteed, rite to-day, dhotaien anes E.F.-NASON, Publisher 111 Nassau St-.N.Y

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eT — ; Family Magazine. Pitce, 15 Cents Monthly. $1.50 Per Year. HE cheapest as well as the best family Magazine published. No topic of interest in the home circle is ever “lost sight of in CASSELL’s FAMILY MAGazINE. Every ‘member of the household is provided for in its pages. The sister who loves stories, the brother who likes tales of adventure, the mother who wants to know the latest fashions from Paris, the father with a scientific turn of mind. Pure and well selected Fiction is always plentifully provided, and the IlIlustra- tions are profuse and invariably of the best order. PROSPECTUS FREE ON APPLICATION. AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE, FOR SUNDAY AND GENERAL ca: “Zi Price, 15 Cents, Monthly. $1.50 Per Year. oS ae 6. ae HE QUIVER is an unsectarian illustra- ted Magazine of fact and fiction, and while it is designed more especially for Sun- | on 7, eX. = . We 4 ; 5 ye . 9 ‘ ar” : / DIT E Rerey SSS ee — = LSS FASS 2=3 ¢ ar ™ * oy e flee “ < “ Z S A. an | ‘a < M5 PS a4 r : Sf. ibe - < day reading, it is particularly adapted to the ON literary wants of religious households. The publishers of THE QUIVER intend that it shall maintain its high standard and hold its place as ‘‘ The best of all Maga- zines devoted to Sunday reading.” Subjects especially designed for Sunday reading will, as usual, find the first place in its pages; but fiction, both serials and short stories, will’ be found there also, nor will poetry and music be forgotten, while the illustrations will be profuse and of an excel- lent quality. PROSPECTUS FREE ON APPLICATION. | In order to introduce the above magazines more thoroughly, we make the following Unparalleled Offer: To any one who is not already a subscriber; sending us $1.50 for a new yearly subscription of either magazine, during the next 60 days, we will send as a premium any 10 works from CASSELL'S NATIONAL LIBRARY, post paid to their address. t ‘Send 4 cents in stamps to pay postage for a sample copy of eithe ér publication, together with which you will receive a prospectus of ’88 for both, and a list of over 100 works of CASSELL'S © ee + NATION Ng \L LIBRARY to select from. CASSELL & COMPANY, a : LIMITED, 04 and 106 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK. dae) peed ee shed REET sha Ss i cae

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rs BOUT FiLFORNIA AND: FH =——— PACIFIC. COAST e555 OVERLAND MONTHLY. The Pacific Coast, especially California, is now attracting the attention of thousands of homeseek- ers and capitalists. Thé resources, literature and history of this vast section are fully set forth in the pages of THE OVERLAND MONTHLY. Its stories of Western adventure, mduritaineering, Indian stud- ies, and Pioneer sketches have become famous, and have been one of the strongest features of the magazine. Its literary reviews, editorials and poems rank with the best of corresponding Eastern work. $4.00 per Year. Single Copies, 35 Cents. Send 25 cents fora sample copy. Address. THE OVERLAND MONTHLY, 420 Montgomery Street, San Francisco. Eastern Advertising Agent, J. Walter Thompson, 39 Park Row, New York. QUERIES, MAY, 1888. IMPORTANT! _ We wish to call the attention of the readers of QuERIES to the series of prize questions now appearing in LzApzncott’s Magazine, beginning with the February number, and to be continued through the June number. The publishers offer prizes to all who may wish to compete, amounting to $175 in cash. Would it not be worth your while to enter as a com- petitor, especially when*you can secure through us books for : mere trifle that will anSwer in full manyof the questions or you? More than ONE-FIFTH of all the questions thus far pub- lished are answered in the following books: QUIZZISM AND KEY. Cloth $x, Paper soc. QUEER QUESTIONS AND READY REPLIES. Cloth, 75c. Sent to any address, postpaid. SEND AT ONCE for one or both books, if you haven't them, and wina prize. Address NEW ENGLAND PUBLISHING CO., 3 Somerset St., Boston, Mass. —--<s%, lt will pay any intelligent man or woman BeineZ aeekin profitable employment to write erie _ Why does it pay to act as my gent? Because arguments in favor of this washer areso numerousand convincing that sales are made without difficulty. Senton 2 weeks’ trial i pay expense of return if not | edhe id het ad J.WOR Be pois Manf’r. (710Franklinave. St.Louis, MO.,and54 Beekmanst,, New York City mt prepaid om 2 weeks’ trial to persons for their own use where Ihaveno Agent. Ask particulars about Free Trial, appearances & very Valuable article. Send a slip of paper the size of the Ring you wish. The ILLUSTRATED COMPANION is a large G4 col., 16 page paper finely illustrated by full page engravingsof artistic merit and contains Stories, Sketches, Anecdotes, Witand Humor, and in fact all that goesto make up acomplete family pub—- lication. Wherever itisonce taken it is universally popu- lar. We know you willlike it. ‘Theregular price is $1.00 per year. The above described Parisian Diamond Ring ina Fine Velvet Lined Case, andthe ILLUSTRATED COMPANION for three months for pee Co is pabadicy se Page se assed by. eet. sfaction guaranteed, sis a ecial offer so WRITE TO-DAY. Cut this out aia sen? with order, @ Club of Five for $1.00. Stamps taken. ' for $ E.F.NASON,'Publisher, Ill Nassau St. N-¥ Published, FOR BEST QUESTION BOOKS piste, MOULTON, WENBORNE & CO., Buffalo, N. Y. FOR BRIDES. A novel and unique form of acknowledgment of gifts is now issued and obtainable at reasonable rates. It is described as follows: ‘* A charming little booklet. * * * The felicitous expres- sion of such thoughts as true brides should cherish.’’—Godey’s Lady's Book. ‘*‘ Neat and tasteful, with appreciative senti- ment.’’—7he Presbyterian Observer. ‘*One of the daintiest and most unique little love-mementoes on the market.”’— 7he Monthly Gleaner. : Specimen sent on receipt of 4oc. for quantity by j MOULTON, WENBORNE & CO., Burrato, N. Y. Prices quoted

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