Queries Illustrated: A Monthly Review of Literary, Art, Scientific and General Educational Questions of the Day (March, 1887)
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FOR 1886-7. THIRD YBAR A MONTHLY REVIEW OF LITERARY, ART, SCIENTIFIC AND GENERAL EDUCATIONAL QUESTIONS OF THE DAY. * CONDUCTED BY C. W. MOULTON.* NLARGED! ILLUSTRATED! . . . . » « NEW DEPARTMENTS! SAME PRICEII With the October number, QUERIES was“enlarged by the addition of sixteen pages of reading matter. The new features consist of miscellaneous reading matter, critical essays, poetical extracts, readings from new books and a number of superior full-page and other illustra tions. As the subscription price remains the same, QUERIES has become at once the largest and best dollar magazine published. All of the old departments have been retained, and more space will be allotted to each if necessary. CONTRIBUTORS. Among the contributors to QUERIES may be mentioned the following eminent and well-known names: Mrs. MARTHA J. LAs, Editor of the Magazine of American History, author of the ‘“‘His- tory of the City of New York,” etc. Exiza ALLEN STARR, author of “Pilgrims and Shrines,’’ “Patron Saints,” etc. HERBERT W. Conn, Ph. D., Instructor in Biology in Wesleyan Univer- sity, author of “Evolution of To-Day.” ANNA L. WARD, Editor “Hoyt and Ward’s Cyclopedia of Quotations,” etc. W. WILSEY MARTIN, author of “By Solent and Danube.” CARRIE STow Wait. Jutia H. THAYER, Professor of Ancient Literature in the Chicago Female College, ELISE PruTtTI, Instructor in the German Language and Literature, Wells College. FRANK D. SmitH, Editor of the Portland Susday Oregonian. WILLIAM C. PECKHAM, A. M., Professur of Physics and Botany, Adelphi Academy, Brooklyn, N. Y. CARL LEO MEES, M. D., Professor of Physical Sciences, Ohio University. PRISCILLA H. BRAISLIN, A. M., Professor of Mathematics, _ Vassar College. Prof. CHARLES LEE CRANDALL, C. E., Cornell University. Prof. D. E. LANTz, Kansas State Agricultural College. GroRGE SELBy, A. M., Superintendent Public Schools, Carthage, Ill. JOSEPHINE LEWIS, President of the Afternoon Query Club, Buffalo, N. Y. Prof. N. K. Roysg, Author of a “Manual of English Literature,” etc. F.A. Hotton, D.S., Cornell University Laboratory. Mrs. ELLEN K. HOOKER, Principal Park Place School. R. D. Swain, A. M., Ewing College. Prof. R. H. WIL.Is, Prof. of Ancient Languages, Arkansas Industrial University. WILLIAM EMMETTE COLEMAN, of the American Oriental Society. GEORGE DAULTON, of the Shakespeare Society, New York. JOHN H. Woops, Prof. J. W. REESE, CLARA J. MCKEAN, JOHN L. Gans, H. K. ARMSTRONG, S. M. Fox, A. J. JOHNSON, STEVEN B. AYRES CHARLES S. PROSSER, N. M. BUTLER, Dr. D. W. NEapD, A. H. VOrAW, FLORENCE V. BRITTINGHAM, ALBERT W. JOHNSON, and others. TERMS ONE DOLLAR PER ANNUM IN ADVANCE. - Seven Copies for Six Dollars. Single Copies ten cents. Address all Communications to C, L. SHERRILL & CO. PUBLISHERS, 41 & 43 FRANKLIN STREET, BUFFALO, N, Y.
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~— BOOKS AND Peet OStGALS THE NEW ARITHMETIC. NAMES OF THE AUT AU THORS. We print below the names of a few of those who have assisted in the preparation of * T he New Arithmetic.” Did space permit, we could give the names of hundreds of others whose work has been embodied in this new text-book. Prof. D. E, LANTZ, Mathematical Master Kansas State Agricultural College, Manhattan, Kan. WILLIAM MARIGOLD, Head Master Normal School, Wiltshire, England. Superintendent W. H. SIMS, Goshen, Ind. JOHN TAIT, Mathematical Master Collegiate Institute, Collingwood, Ont, Principal W. A, BEER, Academy, Callensburg, Pa. E. P. ROWELL, M. A., Head Master Grammar School, Sacramento, Cal. Principal S. G. PRYOR, F. Girls’ School, cor. Gilmor and Prestman Sts., Baltimore, Md. W. S. ELLIS, B. A., B.Sc., Mathematical Master Collegiate Institute, Cobourg, Ont, W. J. ROBERTSON, B.A., LL.B., Mathematical Master Collegiate Institute, St. Catherines, Ont. E. M. BIGG, B.A., Principal High School, Parkhill, Ont. MISS SARAH M. TAYLOR, Practice School, Portland, Me. T. M. HENRY, B.A., Mathematical Master High School, Belleville, Ont. MICHAEL O’BRIEN, Head Master Roman Catholic Separate School, Lindsay, Ont. _D. F. A. WILKINS, B.A., B.Sc., Mathematical Master High School, Mount Forest, Ont. E. J. GARRISON, A.B., Principal Union City District High School, Troy, Tenn. Professor D. D. COTTREL, High School, New Bremen, N. Y, Professor J. A. COX, Principal State Normal School, West Liberty, W. Va. WILLIAM A. PECK, A. M., Superintendent of Education, Whitestone, Long Island, N. Y. B. BAVIN HARDY, B.A., Head Master Oakley School, Bournemouth, Hants, England. MISS CLARA VILLING, Institute of Holy Angels, Fort Lee, N. J. J. WOOLMAN, Head Master Wellgate Board School, Rotherham, England. W. P. GOUDIE, B.A., Derby, England. MICHAEL O’KELLY, Head Master Louisburg Normal School, Westport, Ireland. EDWARD ALLEN, Head Master Rushen School, Isle of Man. THOMAS W. HALFHEAD, M. A., Grammar School, Colne, England. Professor J. W. ELLIOTT, Principal Normal School, Cassville, Pa, WILLIAM GRANT, C. M., Head Master Public School, Farquhar, Dornoch, Scotland. Professor J. W. WELTON, Principal Business Cellege, Grand Rapids, Mich. Professor D. LEWIS, Superintendent of Education, Fairfax, Mo. Dr. J. W. CARLYLE, Mathematical Master Provincial Normal School, Toronto, Ont. Principal J. T. SLATER, Parliament Street School, Toronto, Ont. B. F. HOOVER, Superintendent of Education, Smithville, O. THOMAS KIRKCONNELL, Mathematical Master High-School, Vankleek Hill, Ont. Principal J. A. WILMOT, 17 Woodbine Street, Cleveland, O. THOMAS WATTS, M.C P., College School, Cambridge House, Baldock, Saslond:. Professor H. A. SHERMAN, 307 East oth Street, New York City. Professor A, R. MARTIN, School Examiner, Gavers, O. RICHARD LEES, Principal Model School, Lindsay, Ont. SAMUEL PRICE, Head Master Wedmore Normal School, Weston Supermare, Somerset, England. Dr. N. H. TARRANT, 1324 Ellis Street, San Francisco~ Cal. Principal G. H, HOWARD, Grammar School, Berther en Haut, Que. Professor $. D. WATERMAN, Principal High School, Stockton, Cal. W. WESTERVELT, Principal Woodstock Business College, Woodstock, Ont. WALLACE RODGERS, M. A., Principal Victoria Grammar School, Melbourne, Australia. THE PRICE OF THE ARITHMETIC. Single Copy for Examination - - $1.00 A large number of Colleges, Academies, High Schools, Seminaries, Business Colleges, and a few State Normal Schools, have adopted “ The New Arithmetic”’ as a regular text-book. We make special terms for first introduction. Write for particulars. AMERICAN ADDRESSES. UNITED STATES THE SUPPLEMENT CO., P. 0. DRAWER, 252 BuFFALo, N. Y. CANADA THE SUPPLEMENT CO. g Toronto STREET, TORONTO, ONT.
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BOOKS AND PERIODICALS 300.00. Three Hundred Dollars in Cash! - PRIZE SELECTIONS Being Familiar Quotations from English and American Poets from Chaucer to the present time. Selected and arranged by C. W. Moulton, Editor of QuERrEs; 16mo, cloth, pp. 242, $1.00 The above work consists of éight hundred twenty-five familiar quotations selected from prominent - English and American Poets. Three Hundred Dollars in Cash Prizes will be sexded by the Pub- lishers, Messrs. D. Lothrop & Co., to the persons who will name the au- ther of the greatest number of the Pui SELECTIONS. Nineteen prizes will be declared. Every purchaser of the book is entitled to compete. For further particulars obtain a copy of the work. Now on sale, and will be sent post-paid on receipt of price, one dollar, by SOE SAT no Roe oS ye ee SD 41 & 43 FRANKLIN STREET, BUFFALO, N., Y,
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UE Ris VOL. Il. BUFFALO, N. Y., MARCH, 1887. NO. 3 TROUBLES. Our troubles are the rocks in narrow’d stream, Whereat we fret and chafe, and strive and weep ; But Heaven sends rain, our s'ream grows wide and deep, The rocks lie hid, forgotten as a dream. —W. WILSEY MARTIN, HENRY W. LONGFELLOW. Eighty years agoa child was born in Portland, Maine, whose name was to become a household word at home and abroad. No name of mortal is more familiar or more dearly loved where the English tongue is known than the name of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.. How richly blessed with true poets has our nation been! Bryant, Longfellow, Whittier, Holmes, Lowell, Emerson and Holland have given us poetic treasures worth more than mines of gold, or fields rich in the choicest gems. Bryant leads us near to Nature’s heart. The forests rustle with poetic thought; the gentle streams murmur in melody; and the water-fowl wafts down a lesson of faith. Long- fellow sings to the heart of youth, and breathes forth cheer and solace for the heart of age. Whittier fills our hearts with patriotism. All inspire us to lives of noblest virtue. At the early age of fourteen Mr. Longfellow entered Bowdoin college of his native state, and graduated with honors in four years. ' Among the poems of this period are a few that gave promise of the nobler and loftier measures which followed in later years. His earlier poems were quite naturally imitative. There was one poet whose sweet influence would be felt. An examination of Longfellow’s “Autumn,” ‘Sunrise on the Hills,” “ The Spirit of Poetry,” “An April Day,” “Woods in Winter,” and others will show the gentle influence of the writer of “ Thanatopsis’’ upon the young stu- dent. How cheering “ The April Day,” ‘¢ When the warm sun, that brings Seed-time and harvest, has returned again. Sweet April! many a thought Is wedded unto thee, as hearts are wed; Nor shall they fail, till, to its autumn brought, Life’s golden fruit is shed.”’ What a charm we find in the presence of “The Spirit of Poetry!” the mild spirit;that dwells in the silent woods, where the%gentle south winds blow, waking to life by their loving whispers the sweet spring flowers that grate- fully breathe upon the balmy air a fragrance of incense. Mark the similarity of the following lines from “Autumn” to some of the thoughts expressed in “ Thanatopsis.”’ : ‘¢ Oh, what a glory doth this world put on For him who, with a fervent heart, goes forth Under the bright and glorious sky, and looks On duties well performed, and days well spent! For him the wind, ay, and the yellow leaves, Shall have a voice, and give him eloquent teachings, He shall so hear the solemn hymn that Death Has lifted up for all, that he shall go To his long resting place without a tear.’’ In a letter, dated February 5th, 1846, the younger poet acknowledges the influence of the elder in the following words: “In return, let me say what a staunch friend and admirer of yours I have been from the beginning, and acknowledge how much I owe to you, not only of delight but of culture. When I look back upon my earlier years, I cannot but smile to see how much of them is really yours. It was an involuntary imitation, which I most readily confess.” After graduation our author studied for a time in the law office of his father, Stephen Longfellow, one of the most prominent lawyers of Portland. Dusty law books were not con- genial to the spirit of poetry. The light of genius was to shine with a brighter flame. Mr. Longfellow was called to the nobler work of teaching. Having received and accepted an
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412-/ invitation to take the chair of modern languages in his A/ma Mater, he went to Europe to pre- pare himself more fully for the position. In 1829 he came home and entered upon his duties. In 1835 he published his first extensive work, “Outer Mer, a Pilgrimage beyond the Sea,” the result of his gleanings from foreign fields. The work was very popular, and gained the author an enviable fame, notwithstanding the light of the brilliant. genius of the first, great representative of America in the field of letters. Soon after the appearance of this book he received a call to the professorship of modern languages and literature in Harvard University, a position made vacant by the resignation of Mr. George Ticknor. Again Mr. Longfellow went abroad to study the languages of some of the northern nations of Europe. He returned in the following year to his new position, which he held until 1854, when he resigned to devote himself to his literary work. Though Mr. Longfellow spent many of his years in teaching, we seldom think of him as hearing the German, French or Spanish recita- tions of young aspirants to the degree of bachelor of arts. He is enthroned in our hearts as a poet—the teacher of “loftiest vir- tues and lowliest charities.” It is for his songs of love and purity and lessons of virtue that we cherish his memory. The first collection of his poems appeared in 1839 in a little volume entitled ‘ Voices of the Night.” This collection contained some of those poems which are so familiar and so dear that they need no word of comment. Among these are ‘‘ The Psalm of Life,” “ The Reaper and the Flowers,” “ The Footsteps of Angels.” What a charm there isin “The Hymn to the Night!” We can almost feel the breath of Night, and hear her gentle footsteps and the rustling of her garments as the poet sings: ‘‘J heard the trailing garments of the Night Sweep through her marble halls! I saw her sable skirts all fringed with light From the celestial walls! I felt her presence, by its spell of night, Stoop over me from above; The calm majestic presence of the night, As of the one I love.’’ This volume contained his earlier poems to which I have referred, and some of his first translations. We owe a lasting debt of grati- tude for the valuable translations of poetic gems found in the German, Danish, Italian and Spanish literatures. These beautiful songs QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. and rich treasures must have long remained unknown to the multitude, had not the poet discovered and polished them. His greatest work in this line was the rendering Dante’s “Divina Commedia.” A collection containing “The Village Black- smith,” “The Wreck of the Hesperus,” “ The Skeleton in Armor,” which is regarded by some as the best of his minor poems, appeared in 1841. Two years later “The Spanish Student—A Play,” was brougth out. Of this Mr. Whipple said: “None of Mr. Long- fellow’s other pieces so well illustrates all his poetic qualities—his imagination, his fancy, his sentiment and his manner. It seems to comprehend the whole extent of his genius.” The appearance of another collection in 1846 was the occasion of a friendly letter from Bryant, the elder poet. Of these poems he wrote: “They appear to me more beautiful than on former readings, much as I then admir- ed them. The exquisite music of your verses dwells more agreeably than ever on my ear, and more than ever am I affected by their depth of feeling and their spirituality, and the creative power with which they set before us passages from the great drama of life.” America has no epic poem,-—no “Iliad,” no “ Aeneid ”—but “Evangeline,” ‘“ Hiawatha” and “Miles. Standish’? approach the heroic and go far towards supplying the lack. ‘‘Hyper- ion” is a poem in prose. Much that is given in “Miles Standish” is history. Our interest in this poem should be greatly increased from a knowledge of the fact that our two earliest and most eminent poets, Bryant and Longfel- low, were descended from John Alden and Priscilla Mullins. On the fiftieth anniversary of Mr. Longfellow’s graduation, the commencement exercises of his Alma Mater were especially interesting be- cause of his remarkable poem “ Morituri Salu- tamus,” which he read on that occasion. Longfellow’s position and permanence in American literature are prominent and well established. His poetry possesses none of the majesty of Milton’s, nor the wild and passion- ate inspiration of Byron’s, nor the pure spirit _Of poetry, which characterizes Bryant’s, nor the philosophic depth of Emerson's, nor the patri- otic fire of Whittier’s. The exquisite music of his verse charms and entertains. His poetry is marked by grace and elegance, and shows his artistic skill and facility in the use of words; and reveals a meditative and sympathetic na-
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‘* QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 413 ture and a wonderful purity, sweetness and refinement. He is an American poet dear to every heart, the poet for the home, the poet for the aged and the young, the children’s poet who has breathed many a song into the air that has found lodgment in the hearts of mil- lions. His poetry is probably more generally read than that of any other poet of the nine- teenth century. He is to the multitude of the English speaking nations what Goethe is to the peasantry of Germany. His sympathies were broad, drawing to him the grateful homage of all hearts, and his gentle and noble lessons of virtue lead to a higher and better life. He was fortunate in his life; and like Goethe lived to receive the praise of a full well rounded life. He went to his rest in the radiant glory of the sunset of his life; but he still lives and will live forever enshrined in the hearts of all peo- ple. WILLIAM H. TIBBALS. * * * * # * A man’s heart beats in his every line.—GEo. GILFILLAN. Elaborate and touching, his ‘“ Evangeline ” is the most-perfect specimen extant of the rhythm and melody of the English hexameter.—PRES. CHARLES. KING. Longfellow was here yesterday. Perfectly white in hair and beard, but a remarkably hand- some and notable-looking man.— CHARLES DICKENS.—1867, Letters. On this side of the Atlantic, Longfellow and Washington Irving are as well known as Ten- nyson and Goldsmith-—COLLIER, 1861, Hés/ory of English Literature. Thus have we seen the poet’s praise chanted alike by stern reviewer and gentle lady, by lowly critic and lordly prelate-—ALLIBONE 1870, Dictionary of Authors. Certainly no more exquisitely finished and harmonious poetical work has been written in this country than the “ Golden Legend.”—Bay. ARD TAYLOR, 1879, Studies in German Litera- ture. Longfellow, in the “Golden Legend,” has entered more closely into the temper of the monk, for good and for evil, than ever yet theologica writer or historian, though they may have given their life’s labor to the analysis —JOHN RUSKIN. The average Englishman knows hardly any- thing of any American poet but Longfellow, who receives, I venture to think, a far more wholesale and enthusiastic admiration in Eng- land than in his own country.— JUSTIN McCar- THY, 1572, Modern Leaders. In each poem he has but one idea, which, in the progress of his song, is gradually unfolded, and at last reaches its full development in the concluding verse. This singleness of thought might lead a harsh critic to suspect intellectual barrenness-—LANGTREE, Democratic Review. Longfellow’s poetry has always been im- mensely popular, both here and in England, and much of it has been translated into foreign languages. Ferdinand Freiligrath has translat- ed “Evangeline” and some of the other poems into German.—R. JOHNSON, 1875, Lz/tle Clas- SiCS. His rich and poetical, and yet graphic de- scription, and the true feeling with which he — looks on nature and on social life, are the qualities which most attract us in his writings, because they are not precisely those in which travelers are most ant to abound.—O. W. B. PEABODY, 1834, Aorth American Review. The great characteristic of Longfellow is that of addressing the moral nature through the imagination, of linking moral truth to intellectual beauty. The sympathies which Long- fellow addresses are fine and poetical. The kindly affections, the moral sentiments, the Joys, sorrows, regrets, aspirations, loves, and wishes of the heart, he has consecrated by new ideal forms and ascriptions.—E. P. WHIPPLE. Of all our poets, Longfellow best deserves the title of artist. He has studied the princi- ples of verbal melody, and rendered himself master of the mysterious affinities which exist between sound and sense, word and thought, feeling and expression. This tact in the use of language is probably the chief cause of his suc- cess.— RuUFuS W. GRISWOLD. Ah, gentle soul! howg racious, how benign Breathes through our troubled life that voice of thine, Filled with a sweetness born of happier spheres, That wins, and warms, that kindles, softens, cheers, That calms the wildest woe and stays the bitterest tears ! — OLIVER WENDELL HOLMEs. He is now, beyond all question, the most popular of the American poets, and has also a wide circle of admirers in Europe. If none of his larger poems can be considered great, his smaller pieces are finished with taste, and all breathe a healthy moral feeling and fine tone of humanity—CHAMBERS BY CARRUTHERS, 1876, Cyclopacdia of English Literature.
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414 He writes prose with as much success as poetry, though by the latter he is better known and appreciated. In his writings are found purity of sentiment, nobleness of thought, and a deep sympathy with humanity. His minor pieces have gone into almost every intelligent household in the land, and have had influence for good.— BROOKE, 1876, English Literature. By this work of his maturity he has placed himself on a higher eminence than he had yet attained, and beyond the reach of envy. Let him stand, then, at the head of our list of native poets until some one else shall break up the rude soil of our American life, as he has done, and produce from it a lovelier and nobler flower than this poem of “ Evangeline.’’—Na- THANIEL HAWTHORNE, 1837, Salem Advertizer. The poems of Henry W. Longfellow are chiefly meditative, and often embody and illus- trate significant truths. They give little evi- dence of the power of overmastering passion, but they are pervaded with an earnestness and beauty of sentiment, expressed in a finished and artistic form, which at once wins the ear, and impresses the memory and heart.—ANNA C. L. Botta, 1860, Hand-Book of Universal Literature. This poet is the traveler of the wide realm of thought, the world of imagination. He has touched at all the sunny Mediterranean and Adriatic ports; all the French and Spanish coasts are known to him; he brings wealth from the frozen Scandinavian lands as rare as the ivory set in the beryl of the immemorial icebergs; he gathers flotsam from the bays and inlets, the lakes and rivers, of home. Fuil of the world, he transmutes his large experience and far-brought learning into the poems we know, with a secure and patient art.—WILLIAM DEAN HOWELLS, WVorth American Review. Had Theocritus written in English not Greek, I believe that his exquisite sense would scarce change a line In that rare, tender, virgin-like pastorial Evange- line. That’s not ancient nor modern, its place is apart Where time has no sway, in the realm of pure art, ’Tis a shrine of retreat from Earth’s hubbub and strife As quiet and chaste as the author’s own life. —JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL, 1848, A Fadle for Critics. Our hemisphere cannot claim the honor of having brought him forth; but still he belongs to us, for his works have become as household QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. words wherever the language is spoken. Whether we are charmed by his imagery, or soothed by his melodious versification, or ele- vated by the high moral teachings of his pure muse, or follow with sympathizing hearts the wanderings of Evangeline, I am sure that all who hear my voice will join with me in the tribute I desire to pay tothe genius of Long- fellew.—CARDINAL WISEMAN. It behooves a generation born into richer rather than deeper, and more brilliant rather than more genuine, forms of thought and ex- pression than his to treat with respect this pure and limpid stream of verse which has flowed calmly and consistently for nearly sixty years without materially changing in character or volume, like those pleasant rivers that wind for miles and miles through a pastoral and poplar- shaded country, now a little broader, now a lit- tle deeper, but on the whole unaffected by their gradual approach to the sea.—EDMUND W. GOSSE, 1882, /n the Academy. Unlike some poets of the most recent school in verse, Longfellow rarely tries to convey an idea which is not clear and intelligible to his own mind. He is as honest as Shakespeare in this respect. . It is in his shorter lyrical pieces, his ballads, and his fine descriptive touches, that Longfellow’s powers are brought out to most advantage; for it is in these that he oftenest combines the neatness and skill of the consummate artist with the curious felicity and perfect simplicity of the genuine poet.— EPES SARGENT, 1880, Harper's Cyclopaedia of British and American Poetry. Mr. Longfellow’s poetry is distinguished for refinement and grace rather than for vigor of thought or expression. His sympathies are quick and strong, and this fact, together with the directness and simplicity of his verse, ac- counts mainly for the extraordinary popularity of his writings, not only in this country, but in England, where they are almost universally read and admired. Perhaps his best—as it is his most famous—poem is “ Evangeline,” which contains some of the most perfect idyllic pas- sages in the language, and is eloquent with a sweet pathos that touches every heart.—CaTH- CART, 1874, Literary Reader. Mr. Longfellow, in rendering the substance of Dante’s poem, has succeeded in giving, also —so far as art and genius could give it—the spirit of Dante’s poetry. Itis a lasting addi- tion to the choicest treasures of our literature.
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 415 The notes and illustrations which Mr. Long- fellow has appended to his translation form a comment upon the poem such as is not else- where to befound. The notes are full of pleas- ant learning, set forth with that grace and beauty of style which are characteristic of Mr. Longfellow’s prose; and the long extracts which he gives from Carlyle, Macaulay, Rus- kin, and other eminent writers, make his com- ment a thesaurus of the best judgments that exist in English concerning the poet and his poem.—CHARLES ELIOT NorTON, im North American Review. I do not know a more enviable reputation than Professor Longfellow has won for himself in this country—won, too, with a rapidity sel- dom experienced by our own native poets’ The terseness of diction and force of thought delight the old; the grace and melody enchant the young; the unaffected and all-pervading piety satisfy the serious; and a certain slight touch of mysticism carries the imaginative reader fairly off his feet. For my own part, I coufess, not only to the being captivated by all these qualities (mysticism excepted), but to the farther fact of yielding to the charm of certain lines, I cannot very well tell why, and walking about the house repeating to myself such frag- ments as this: ‘© T give the first watch of the night To the red planet Mars,”’ as if I were still eighteen. I am not sure that this is not as great a proof of the poet as can be given.—MARY RUSSELL MITFORD, 1851 Recollections of a Literary Life. We have said that Mr. Longfellow’s concep- tion of the aims of poesy is erroneous; and that thus, laboring at a disadvantage, he does violent wrong to his own high powers and now the question is, what are his ideas of the aims of the Muse, as we gather these ideas from the general tendency. of his poems? It will be at once evident that, imbued with the peculiar spirit of German song (in pure conventionality) he regards the inculcation of a moral as _ essential.— Here we find it necessary to repeat that we have reference only to the general tendency of his compositions; for there are some magnifi- cent exceptions, where, as if by accident, he has permitted his genius to get the better of his conventional prejudice. But didacticism is the prevalent tone of his song. His invention, his imagery, his all, is made subservient to the elucidation of some one or more points (but rarely of more than one) which he looks upon as truth. EDGAR A. PoE, The Literaiz. Trained as a verbal artist by the discipline of a poetic translator, he acquired a tact and facil- ity in the use of words, which great natural fluency and extreme fastidiousness enabled him to use to the utmost advantage. His poems are chiefly meditative, and have that legendary significance peculiar to the German ballad. They also often embody and illustrate amoral truth. There is little or no evidence of inspiration in his verse, as that term is used to suggest the power of an overmastering pas- sion; but there is a thoughtful, subdued feel- ing that seems to overflow in quiet beauty. It is, however, the manner in which this sentiment is expressed, the appropriateness of the figures, the harmony of the numbers, and the inimita- ble choice of words, that gives effect to the composition. He often reminds us of an ex- cellent mosaic worker, with his smooth table of polished marble indented to receive the pre- cious stones that are lying at hand, which he calmly, patiently, and with exquisite art, inserts in the shape of flowers and fruit—HENRY A TUCKERMAN, A Sketch of American Litera- ture. The secret of his popularity as a poet is probably that of all similar popularity,—name- ly, the fact that his poetry expresses a univer- sal sentiment in the simplest and most melodi- ous manner. Each of his most noted poems is the song of a feeling common to every mind, in moods into which every mind is liable to fall. Thus, a “Psalm of Life,” “Footsteps of Angels,” “To The River Charles,” “ Excel- sior,” “The Bridge,” “The Gleam of Sun- shine,” “ The Day is Done,” “ The Old Clock on the Stairs,” “The Arrow and the Song,” “The Fire of Driftwood,” “ Twilight,” “The Open Window,” are all most adequate and in- expressibly delicate renderings of quite univer- sal emotions. There is a humanity in them which is irresistible in the fit measures to which they are wedded. If some elegiac poets have strung rosaries of tears, there is a weakness of woe in their verses which repels; but the quiet, pensive thought,—the twilight of the mind, in which the little facts of life are saddened in view of their relation to the eternal laws, time and change,—this is the meditation and mourn- ing of every manly heart, and this is the allur- ing and permanent charm of Longfellow’s
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416 poetry. GEORGE WILLIAM CURTIS, flomes of American Authors. He had no particle of the acidity of spark. ling and biting wit; but he had abundant, playful humor, that was full of kindness, and that toyed good-naturedly with all the trifles of lie. That such a sense of fun should be amused by the ludicrous peculiarities of a juvenile bard was inevitable. He had himsel passed through the grotesque and singular period. . . . His sense of humor found especial pleasure in the inappropriate words that were sometimes said to him by persons whose design it was to be complimentary, and he would relate, with a keen relish of their pleasantry, anecdotes, against himself, to illus- trate this form of social blunder. Years ago he told me, at Cambridge, about the strange gentleman who was led up to him and _intro- duced at Newport, and who straightway said with enthusiastic fervor, ‘Mr. Longfellow, I have long desired the honor of knowing you! Sir, Iam one of the few men who have read your ‘Evangeline.’” This anecdote, in recent days, he coupled with another, about an Eng- lish lady who, on being introduced, exclaimed ‘ “Why, Mr. Longfellow, I thought you were dead!’ “No, madam, you see I take the lib- erty of living.” “ Yes—but I thought at least you belonged to Washington’s time.’”—WIL- LIAM WINTER, 1882, New York Tribune. His works are free from the defects that stamp the national literature of his country, He has none of the uncouth power and spas modic exaggeration of his contemporaries. He is all grace, polish, and sweetness. His prose masterpiece, “ Hyperion,” is the key-note of his minor poems. The source of their inspiration is “Outre Mer” among feudal towers, Flemish towns and Alpine passes. Like Irving in the variety of his culture and superior in genius, his imagination is Teutonic rather than Ameri- can. Mr. Longfellow has given us the best translations in the world from Swedish, German, Spanish and Italian authors, and many of his best verses are avowedly suggested by proverbs or sentences, or bits of old romance. . - +» Every sentence that Longfellow has penned is as clear as crystal and as pure as snow. He wears his weight of learning lightly as a flower, and though he cannot create, he cannot touch without adorning. He seldom gives us thoughts absolutely new, but he puts our best thoughts in the best language. Critics re-act against his popularity, and complain of 1853, QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. his want of concentration and the convention- ality of his epithets (a fault more rare in his later volumes); but his place as the laureate of women and children and gentlemen is unim- pregnable; and there are seasons when we prefer his company to that of the grand old masters, when we seek an anodyne rather than a stimulant. Longfellow’s command of verse alone proves him to be a genuine poet.— JOHN NICHOL. o£ 2} ss A mere list of the editions of Longfellow’s works, as published by Houghton, Mifflin & Co., covers over three pages of their catalogue. A list of the most desirable and noteworthy editions only can be given here, First of all must. be mentioned the final edition of his complete works, called the “ Riverside,” which will be complete in eleven volumes. Although this. edition is as handsome as the famous Riverside Press could make it, its peculiar value lies in the many introductory and other notes which accompany the poems. We understand that the editor is Mr. Horace E. Scudder.. Then we have the Household edition of his “Poems” complete in one volume, and “Christus” in one volume. This is a very desirable, and cheap: form. The other editions of his poems include — The “Cambridge,” “ Riverside,” “Diamond,” “Family,” “Red-Line,” “Illustrated Library,” “ Tllustrated Octavo,” “ Memorial,’ and “New Subscription.” The prose works are published uniform with many of the above. Then we have Darley’s “ Evangeline,” Foote’s “ Hang- ing of the Crane,’’ and ‘The Skeleton in Armor,” and “Twenty Poems” illustrated by Ernest W. Longfeliow. Many of the poems may be had as issued and in their original form, also in cheap form in “ Riverside Literature Series,’ for school use. Three separate edi- tions of “The Divina Commedia” have been published. A revised edition of ‘“ The Poets. and Poetry of Europe,” and the “ Pcems of Places” in thirty-one volumes should be in- ~ cluded in the above list. GEMS FROM SWINBURNE. VERSES. The night shakes them round me in legions, Dawn drives them before her like dreams ; Time sheds them like snows on strange regions, Swept shoreward on infinite streams ; Leaves pallid and sombre and ruddy, Dead fruits of the fugitive years ; . Some stained as with wine and made bloody, And some as with tears. — DEDICATION, 1865.
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 417 TRUTH. ‘Change lays not her hand upon truth. MAY. We are in love’s land to-day ; Where shall we go? Love, shall we start or stay, Or sail or row ? There’s many a wind and way, And never a May but May ; We are in love’s land to-day ; Where shall we go ? —LOVE AT SEA. —- IBID, EVES. Those eyes the greenest of things blue, The bluest of things grey. —FELISE. HUGO. Praised above men be thou Whose laurel-laden brow, Made for the morning, droops not in the night ; ' Praised and beloved, that none Of all‘thy great things done Flies higher than thy most equal spirit’s flight ; Praised, that nor doubt nor hope could bend _ Earth’s loftiest head, found upright to the end. —To VICTOR HuGo. KNOWLEDGE. Thus much, no more, we know ; He bade what is be so, Bade light be and bade night be, one by one; Bade hope and fear, bade ill And good redeem and kill, ‘Till all men be aweary of the sun And this world burn in its own flame | And bear no witness longer of his name. —IBID. ROUNDELS. A roundel is wrought as a ring or a star-bright sphere, With craft of delight and with cunning of sound unsought, 3 ‘That the heart of the hearer may smile if to pleasure his ear “ A roundel is wrought. Its jewel of music is carved of all or of aught— Love, laughter, or mourning—remembrance of rapture or fear— ‘That fancy may fashion to hang in the ear of thought. ! As a bird’s quick song runs round, and the hearts in us hear Pause answer to pause, and again the same strain caught, So moves the device whence, round as a pear] or tear, A roundel is wrought. —A CENTURY OF ROUNDELS. SPRING. When the hounds of spring are on winter’s traces, The mother of months in meadows or plain Fills the shadows and windy places With lisp of leaves and ripple of rain ; And the brown bright nightingale amorous Is half-assuaged for Itylus, For the Thracian ships and the foreign faces, The tongueless vigil, and all the pain. —ATALANTA IN CALYDON. ; SEA. O fair green- girdled mother of mine, Sea, that art clothed with the sun and the rain, Thy sweet hard kisses are strong like wine, Thy large embraces are keen like pain. Save me and hide with all thy waves, Find me one grave of thy thousand graves, Those pure cold populous graves of thine, Wrought without hand ina world without stain. | —THE TRIUMPH OF TIME. ITALY, 1867. Italia ! by the passion of the pain That bent and rent thy chain. Italia ! by the breaking of the bands, The shaking of the lands; Beloved, O men’s mother, O men’s queen, Arise, appear, be seen! Arise, array thyself in manifold Queen's raiment of wrought gold ; With girdles of green freedom. — A SoneG or ITALY. KINDNESS. —Loving kindness, that is pity’s kin And is most pitiless. —A BALLAD OF LIFE. PAST. Is it worth a tear is it worth an hour, To think of things that are well outworn? Of fruitless husk and fugitive flower The dream foregone and the deed forborne ? —THE TRIUMPH OF TIME. MUSIC. There are sounds where the soul's delight takes fire, Face to face with its own desire ; A delight that rebels, a desire that reposes. —IBID. FRANCE, 1870. O loved so much so long, So smitten with such wrong, O purged at last and perfect without spot or stain, Light of the light of man, Reborn republican, At last, O first Republic, hailed in heaven again ; Out of the obscene eclipse Re-risen, with burning lips To witness for us if we looked for thee in vain. —ODE ON THE PROCLAMATION OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.
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418 LANDOR. Come back in sleep, for in the life Where thou art not We find none like thee And the world’s lot Move thee no more ; but love at least And reverent heart May move thee, royal and released, Soul, as thou art. —IN MEMORY OF WALTER SAVAGE LANDOR. GRIEF. Nay, for a little while we live, and life hath mutable wings. A little while and we die ; shall life not thrive as it may ? For no man under the sky lives twice, outliving his day. And grief is a grievous thing, and a man hath enough of his tears . Why should he labor, and bring fresh grief to blacken Time and strife his years ? —HyYMN TO PROSERPINE. DEATH. I know I shall die as my fathers_ died, and sleep as they sleep, even So. For the glass of the years is brittle wherein we gaze for a span ; A little soul for a little bears up this corpse which is man. So long I endure, no longer; and laugh not again, neither weep. For there is no God found stronger than death; and death is a sleep. — IBID. SLEEP. There is an end of joy and sorrow ; Peace all day long, all night, all morrow, But never a time to laugh or weep. The end is come of pleasant places, The end of tender words and faces, The end of all, the poppied sleep. —ILICET. FATE, A little sorrow a little pleasure, Fate metes us from the dusty measure That holds the date of all of us; We are born with travail and strong crying, And from the birth-day to the dying The likeness of our life is thus. WHICH ? Love, is it love or sleep or shadow or light That lies between thine eyelids and thine eyes? Like a flower laid upon a flower it lies, Or like the night’s dew laid upon the night. —HE£RMAPHRODITUS. CONSCIENCE. Where, when the gods would be cruel, Do they go for a torture? where Plant thorns, set pain like a jewel ? —IBID. QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. Ah, not in the flesh, not there! The racks of earth and the rods Are weak as foam on the sands : In the heart is the prey for the gods, Who crucify hearts, not hands, Mere pangs corrode and consume, Dead when life dies in the brain ; In the infinite spirit is room For the pulse of an infinite pain. —SATIA TE SANGUINE. NIGHT. — Light is born out of heaven and dies, And one day knows not another’s light, But night is one and her shape the same. —A LAMENTATION PARTING. Take hands and part with laughter ; Touch lips and part with tears ; Once more and no more after. Whatever comes with years. We twain shall not re-measure The ways that left us twain ; Nor crush the lees of pleasure From sanguine grapes of pain. —Rococo. HOPE. —In her sovereign eye—light all things are Clear as the closest seen and kindlier star That marries morn and even and winter and spring With one love’s golden ring. For she can see the days of man, the birth Of good and death of evil things on earth Inevitable and infinite, and sure As present pain is, or herself is pure. Yea, she can hear and see, beyond all things That lighten from before Time’s thunderous wings Through the awful circle of wheel winged periods, The tempest of the twilight of all Gods: And higher than all the circling course they ran The sundown of the spirit that was man. —THALASSIUS. INHERITANCE. The dull damnation of inheritance. —THE GARDEN OF CyMODOCE. VOICE. Voices more dimly deep Than the inmost heart of sleep, And tenderer than the rose-mouthed morning’s lips. — BIRTHDAY ODE. BORGIA, Borgia, supreme from birth As loveliest born on earth Since earth bore ever women that were fair; Scarce known of her own house lf daughter or sister or spouse ; Who holds men’s hearts yet helpless with her hair ; The dirtiest of divine things made. —IBID.
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Household Edition. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. GOD. God, the unknown of all time; force or thought, Nature or fate or will, Clothed round with good and ill, Veiled and revealed of all things and of nought, Hooded and helmed with mystery, girt and shod With light and darkness, unapparent God. —IBID. LOVE. As at the word unutterable that made Of day and night division, From vision on to vision, From dream to dream, from darkness into shade, From sunshine into sunlight, moves and lives The steersman’s eye, the helming hand that gives Life to the wheels and wings that whirl along The immeasurable impulse of the sphere of song Through all the eternal years, Beyond all stars and spheres, Beyond the washing of the waves of time, Beyond all heights where no thought else may cianks, Beyond the darkling dust of sins that were, Past height and depth of air ; And in the abyss whence all things move that are Finds only Love, the sovereign star. —IBID. SUNSET. —Here, where light and darkness reconciled Hold earth between them as a weanling child Between the balanced hands of death and birth, Even as they held the new born shape of earth QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 419 When first life trembled in her limbs and smiled, Iiere hope might think to find what hope were. —IN THE Bay. MARLOWE, Like sunrise never wholly risen, nor yet Quenched; or like sunset never wholly set, A light to lighten as from living eyes The cold unlit close lids of one that lies Dead, or a ray returned from death’s far skies To fire us living lest our lives forget. _—IBIpD. SHELLEY. Surely thy spirit of sense rose up to greet Lucretius, where such only spirits meet, And walk with him apart till Shelley came To make the heaven of heavens more heavenly | sweet And mix with yours a third incorporate name. —FoR THE FEAST OF GIORDANO BRUNO. DREAMS. Dreams pursue death as wines a flying fire, Our dreams pursue our dead and do not find. —AVE ATQUE VALE. VILLON. Prince of sweet songs made out of tears and fire, A harlot was thy nurse, a God thy sire ; Shame soiled thy song, and song assoiled thy - shame. But from thy feet now death has washed the mire, Love reads out first at head of all our quire, Villon, our sad bad glad mad brother’s name. —A BALLAD OF FRANCOIS VILLON. SUNRISE. The sundawn fills the land Full as a feaster’s hand Fills full with bloom of bland Bright wine his cup; | Flows full to flood that fills From the arch of air it thrills Those rust-red iron hills With morning up. —Four SONGS OF Four SEASONS. AUTUMN. The year lies fallen and faded On cliffs by clouds invaded, With tongues of storms upbraided, With wrath of waves bedimmed; And inland, wild with warning, As in deaf ears of scorning, The clarion even and morning Rings of the south-west wind. —SONGS OF FouR SEASONS. KOSSUTH. Light of our father’s eyes, and in our own Star of the unsetting sunset! for thy name, That on the front of noon was as a flame In the great year nigh twenty years agone
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420 QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. ——— a a a a a a a a aS aE When all the heavens of Europe shook and shone With stormy wind and lightning, keeps its fame And bears its witness all day through the same; Not for past days and great deeds past alone, Kossuth, we praise thee as our Landor praised, But that now too we know thy voice upraised, Thy voice, the trumpet of the truth of God, Thine hand, the thunder-bearer’s, raised to smite As with heaven’s lightning for a sword and rod Men’s heads abared before the Muscovite. —To Louis KossuTH. SONG. For life’s helm rocks to the windward and lee, And time is as wind, and as waves are we; And song is as foam that sea-winds fret, Though the thought as its heart should be deep as the sea. —DEDICATION POEMS AND BALLADS, SECOND SERIES. LOVE. All the golden Names of olden Women yet by men’s love cherished, All our dearest / Wh Gj EZ; We fi; Yy io ly Digs THE, = yy Wy ¥. LE, u * io Ni . NAN From WaRNER’s “ Their Pilgrimage.” Copyright, 1886, by Harper & BROTHERS. Thoughts hold nearest, Had they loved not, all had perished. —A SONG IN SEASON. AGE. In vain men tell us time can alter Old loves or make old memories falter, That with the old year the old year’s life closes. The old dew still falls on the old sweet flowers, The old sun revives the new fledged hours, The old summer rears the new-born roses. —AGE AND SONG. LOVE, The time of lovers is brief; From the fair first joy to the grief That tells when love is grown old, From the warm wild kiss to the cold, From the red to the white-rose leaf, They have but’a season to seem As rose leaves lost on a stream That part not and pass not apart As a spirit from dream to dream, As a sorrow from heart to heart. —THE YEAR OF THE ROSE. HASTE. Too soon shot, the fool’s bolt misses ! —AT A MONTH’s END. HATE. Who cannot hate, can love not; if he grieve, His tears are barren as the unfruitful rain, That rears no harvest from the green sea’s plain, And as thorns crackling this man’s laugh in rain. Nor can belief touch, kindle, smite, reprieve His heart who has not heart to dis- believe. —IN THE Bay. LIBERTY. One fairer thing he shewed him, and in might © More strong than day and night Whose strengths build up _ time’s towering period : Yea, one thing stonger and more high than God, Which if man had not, then should ee God not be; And that was Liberty. ‘And gladly should man die to gain, he said, Freedom; and jgladlier, having lost, lie dead. For man’s earth was not, nor the sweet sea-waves
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 424 His, nor his own land, nor its very graves, Except they bred not, bore not, hid not slaves: But all of all that is, Were one man free in body and soul, were his. —THALASSIUS. CHARLES READE. He had a profound disbelief in himself, and out of this persistent habit of self-distrust sprang his singular and laborious method of work. Of course, he did not tell his critics or his readers that he had no faith in himself, but to his intimates he was never tired of declaring that he possessed neither imagination nor the gift of construction. These fancied defects he set about to remedy in his own fashion, getting the plot or framework of his story wherever he could, and stimulating his imagin- ation by collecting and digesting all the facts bearing upon it that he could possibly lay hands on. He liked to havea real feeling of what he wrote about, and when he was prepar- ing himself for the novel of “It’s Never too Late to Mend,” he not only visited and made a thorough inspection of one at least of our prin- cipal penal establishments, but had himself locked into the dark cell for a period long enough to enable him to realize some, at any rate,of its horrors. He was not, in a general way, a wide reader ; but he read minutely and exhaus- tively on every subject that he had to write about, and made a variety of special studies for each one of his books. He declared once that he gathered all his plots from the police and law reports of the Zzmes, and it may cer- tainly be said that no one ever read such an amount of dry or unsavory literature in so studious or patient a manner, or drew from it such a store of useful and entertaining matter. He read more of Bluebooks than of literary compositions proper, (for which productions, by the way, he never professed much liking or re- Spect,) and these, together with his copious newspaper cuttings and his countless letters from persons with grievances, must have gone far to compensate that lack of imaginative power of which he so often complained. The truth was, however, that he had an imagination of the most glowing description, and when he had once got his facts together he could do with them whatever he pleased. Nor had he any real lack of the constructive gift, though he studied plays to the end of his days to make good this imaginary want. His common-place books and books of reference, the immense folios, with their contents classified and in dexed with infinite pains, were the wonder of those who saw his work-room; but in his latter days he came to think that the labor he had bestowed on them was very largely wasted, and when he showed them to young authors it was that they might be rather a warning than an example. When he had at length decided on the subject of his story, drawn out his plot, out- lined his characters, satisfied himself as to the main incidents, and was about to give himself to the actual business of composing, he would endeavor to provide a final stimulus to the imaginative faculty by hanging up on his wails all sorts of excerpts, guiding phrases, and in- scriptions. “Mounted on mill-board, these citations were at once texts to inspire and signs to guide him. He sat in the midst of them like a navigator among charts or a Strategist among route-maps; and, thanks or not to the instructions and warnings on all sides of him, he never failed to guide the incidents and per- sonages of his novel to their proper end.” He avoided with most deliberate intent all efforts. at fine writing, cheap pathos, and every sort of literary “prettiness;” driving right ahead in that vigorous and swinging style which carries. the reader with it. Of the man himself much has been written since his death, and from many points of view. He had weaknesses, which he did not always try to conceal; a hot and hasty temper, which made him neither a very fair nor a very courteous opponent in a controversy ; and an occasionally perverse way of looking at things, and a certain obstinate wrong-headedness, which rendered him a diffi- cult subject to convince. He hada knack of falling out with his friends, and said things in his quarrelsome moments which it was not always easy to forget. But those who knew him best were his fastest friends, and they ever found him a true and lovable man. The gen- tle and chivalrous qualities which endeared him to them while he lived will be an enduring memory.—/. Arthur King. EDUCATION BY BOOKS. At a moment when there appears to be a ten- dency to glorify the study of books as if that were the only study in which to engage, it is. rather refreshing to find Prof. Blackie—most. unconventional of his order, the “chartered libertine’ of the lecture room—coming for- ward with a protest against that tendency. The professor is a man of books, having writtem
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22 QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. many and assimilated more. But he is not a book man—one for whom the world is con- ‘tained within the four walls of his library. On the contrary, his intellect is eminently of the -out-of-door class; he likes to mingle with men and commune with nature, believing that it is only in such ways that a thorough, all-round Culture can be secured. Of course, the profes- sor does not goso far as Lord Beaconfield’s Phoebus, who, it will be remembered, declared that living in the air, excelling in athletic -sports, speaking only one language, and never reading, was “the highest education since the “Greek.” That is the other, the satirical ex- treme. But the professor does hold, and does -say, that people must not expect to learn every- ‘thing from books. ‘The love of books, as the mere scholar has it, is,” he declares, “the root of all solemn stupidity. The habitual fixing of the eyes on grave books is one of the great evils of modern education.” And it is so in this respect—that all the best books are ‘works of art, and the aim of art is not so much to expound the true as to express the beauti- ful. How unreal, for example, is the impres- sion of life which young people are apt to get from the most brilliant disquisitions on it—dis- -quisitions in which the first object of the writer -has been literary effect. Again, books are apt ‘to lull the youthful mind into a false security —to give it the conviction that it is acquiring, -at first hand, an acquaintance with the world; while as a matter of fact, an ounce of genuine -experience is worth all the vicarious knowledge which has been gained from printed precepts.— William Wilson. : * * * & * OK * MULTUM IN PARVO. Mrs. Kemble first saw Lady Holland at a “dinner at Rogers’s, where she drank out of her meighbor’s [Sydney Smith’s| glass, and other- wise behaved herself with the fantastic, despotic impropriety in which she frequently indulged, -and which might have been tolerated in a spoilt beauty of eighteen, but was hardly becoming in awoman of her age and ‘personal appear- cance.” Mrs. Kemble might well express amazement that a person of this sort should be permitted to pose as a social autocrat; but, as Lady Tankerville said, “it was such a pleasant *ouse!” and her. husband’s popularity enforced toleration. Of Sydney Smith, Mrs. Kemble has many pleasing ‘recollections. The special and report- able sallies of Sydaey Smith have been, of course, often repeated, but the fanciful fun and inexhaustible humorous drollery of his conver- sation among his intimates can never be ade- quately rendered, or reproduced. He bubbled over with mirth, of which his own enjoyment formed an irresistible element; he shook as his eyes glistened at his own ludicrous ideas, as they dawned upon his brain; and it would be impossible to convey the faintest idea of the genial humor of his habitual talk by merely repeating separate witticisms and repartees. Of Rogers, Mrs. Kemble says, “he certainly had the kindest heart and unkindest tongue of any one I ever knew:” His benefits remind me of a comical story my dear friend Harness once told me, of a poor woman at whose lamentations over her various hardships one of his curates was remonstrating. ‘‘Oh, come, come, now, my good woman, you must allow that Providence has been, upon the whole, very good to you.” “So He ‘ave, sir; so He ’ave, mostly. I don’t deny it; but I sometimes think He ’ave taken it out in corns.” I think Rogers took out his benevolence, in some directions, in the corns he inflicted, or, at any rate, trod upon in others. Mrs. Kemble draws a most amusing sketch of Mrs. Grote—“ Grota,” as Sydney Smith was wont to call that remarkable person, profes- sing, moreover, a cordial liking for both her and her husband: “I like him, he is so lady- like; and I like her, she’s such a perfect gen- tleman ”—in which remark he was forestalled, Mrs. Kemble tells us, by Mrs. Chorley, “the meekest and gentlest of human _ beings,” who inquired of her son at an evening party: “ Henry, my dear, who is the gentleman in the white muslin gown?” Mrs. Kemble compares her to “ Trelawny in petticoats ;” and speaks of her singular passion for discordant colors: The first time I ever saw her she was dressed in a bright brimstone-colored silk gown, made so short as to show her feet and ankles, having on her head a white satin hat, with a forest of ‘ white feathers; and I remember her standing with her feet wide apart and her arms akimbo, in this costume, before me, and challenging me upon some political question, by which, and her appearance, I was much astonished and a little frightened. At Burnham Beeches she was a portentous female figure who, with a stick in her hand, a man’s hat on her head, and a coachman’s box-coat of drab cloth with mani- fold capes over her petticoats. stalked
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. « about the hause and grounds, alternately super- intending various matters of the domestic economy, and discussing, with equal knowledge and discrimination, questions of musical criti- cism and taste. Macaulay, Mrs. Kemble saw at Bowood, “always in the same position on the hearth- rug, always talking, always answering every- body’s questions about everything:” As one approached the room, the loud, even, declama- tory sound of his voice made itself heard like the uninterrupted flow of a fountain. He stood there from morning till evening, like a knight in the lists, challenging and accepting the challenge of all comers. There never was such a speech-“power,” and, as the volume of his voice was full and sonorous, he had immense advantages in sound as well as sense over his adversaries. After which, it is easy to sympa- thize with Sydney Smith’s dream during a severe illness. Asked what sort of a night he had passed, the reply was: “ Oh, horrid, hor- rid, my dear fellow! I dreamt I was chained to a rock, and being talked to death by Har- riet Martineau and Macaulay.” With which quotation we must take our leave of Mrs. Kem- ble’s entertaining book. This American edi- tion, by the way, is superior to the clumsy three-volume form in which the work appears in London, not only in compactness, but by reason of an excellent index. If we look at the most striking and most sympathetic criticisms, either of literature or of art, we shall very seldom find that they have been produced by men of great creative genius. Except in the case of Coleridge, and perhaps Matthew Arnold, we hardly remember a great . critic of English literature who has also been a great creator of English literature, for though Macaulay was certainly a great essay-writer, we should regard him as a very indifferent critic. Again, except in the case of Sir Joshua Rey- nolds, we hardly remember a great critic of English: painting who has also been a great English painter. We cannot recall a single grear actor who has also been a subtle critic of the actor’s art; for no one, we suppose, will maintain that Mr. Irving, by his few and not very remarkable efforts in criticism, has earned the right to call himself a good critic. We quite admit that when a creative mind happens also to have great critical power, its insight into creative processes is an immense addition to that power. Lessing and Goethe, when they chose, could 423. be exquisite critics. Coleridge seems to us the prince of English critics, though Lamb and Hazlitt and Bagehot and W. C. Roscoe, some-. times tread very close on his heels. But we question much whether Sir Joshua Reynolds had the critical faculty half as highly developed as the creative. And of this we believe that all the best judges are confident, that, great painter though he was, his criticisms do not approach in value to the criticisms of Ruskin, who hardly ranks as an original painter at all. Then, who would for a moment compare the criticisms passed on the actors of their time by Charles Lamb or Hazlitt, with the criticisms of any one of the actors themselves? Sir Walter Scott was one of the greatest creators whom our literature can boast of; but no one will maintain that his criticism was at all on a par with his creative power. Hazlitt (when he did not take a perverse fit on him). was a great critic, but we never heard of his producing anything except critical essays, of the first, or even of the second, order of merit Creative power in its fulness interferes with critical capacity for the critic should have a mind in every sense patient and receptive, and it is seldom the most creative minds which are the most patient and receptive Coleridge was an exception, but in a great measure, we think, because his creative power was not very rich and eager, so that his imagination was kindled: even more easily nnder the guiding influence of a sturdier genius, than it was in the effort at original work. Byron was a poor critic, and even Shelley was not a great one. In the case of both poets, their own genius was a force of too active a kind to leave their minds in the tranquil yet sympathetic mood which is needful for the largest and widest criticism. Victor Hugo, with his affluence of imaginative power and the un- controllable vehemence of his imaginative sym- pathies, could never have made himself a Sainte- Beuve. We entirely disbelieve in the theory that criticism requires, in the first instance, the same order of mind as original genius, and that only those who display original power succeed in criticism. The critic must be large of sympa- thy, and he must have a clearness and lucidity of grasp, a power of comparing what a book or a picture aims at with what it achieves, which need not, in anything like the same degree, belong to creative genius, of which it is usually the very essence that it can, as it were, surprise
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424 itself by touches which it had not intended, and of which it did not foresee the scope. We will venture to say that Sir Walter Scott could not have criticized one of his own great- est romances with anything like the power of Hazlitt, and in all probability that Shakespeare himself could not have said anything about “‘ Hamlet” half as luminous as Coleridge or Goethe. Could Turner have told the world half as much about the secret of his marvel- lous brush as Ruskin has told us? or Coleridge have given us any insight into the causes of his comparative failure asa poet at all equal to that afforded us by Carlyle? But while we hold this most strongly, we hold with equal conviction that the critic who does not teach himself to discern and to distinguish any good quality that is to be discovered, even in the least brilliant work of art, with greater celerity and with more emphasis than he discerns and distinguishes failure, is not on the right path, and is sure ultimately to prove at least as poor in Criticism as the most unhappy of the victims of his censure are poor in creative power. Senator Morrill’s book, entitled ‘ Self-Con- sciousness of Noted Persons,’’ is an illustra- tion of the fact that great wit and great con- ceit are very closely allied. Here are some chance quotations from the work: Napoleon once said: “ There is nothing in war that I cannot do with my own hands.” “After all that I have done,” he exclaimed one day, as if to stop the mouth of a flatterer, “is it anything compared with what Christ has done?” He told Las Casas that it was after storming the bridge at Lodi “that he first conceived he was to do great things.” Said Napoleon one day, when returning from parade: “ Bourienne, do you hear those acclamations which still con- tinue? They are as sweet to me as the voice of Josephine.” Continued success made Na- poleon excessively vain. A courtier once said that “God made Napoleon and then rested.” Bonaparte, it is said, did not think the utter- ance blasphemous nor even exaggerated. John G. Saxe, one of the wittiest of modern poets, met a friend some years ago just as he was coming out of the sanctum of the Boston Post. “I have just left,” said he, ‘‘ with Colonel Greene the finest sonnet that has been written since the days of Sir John Suckling.” James Russell Lowell, in his younger days, gave utterance to the following : «¢ There’s Lowell, who’s striving Parnassus to climb, QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. With a whole bale of isms tied together with rhyme; He might get on alone spite of brambles and boul- ders, But he can’t with that bundle he has on his shoul- ders. The top of the hill he will ne’er come nigh reach- ing. Till he learns the distinetion between singing and preaching. His lyre has some chords that would ring pretty well, But he would rather by half make a drum of the shell, And rattle away till he’s as old as Methusalem, At the head of a march to the last New Jerusalem.” Of Mirabeau, Chateaubriand relates that when a young man he met and sat next him at dinner, where the conversation turned upon the subject of Mirabeau’s enemies. Being a young man, he had not uttered a word ; but Mirabeau, he says, “ looked me full in the face with his eyes of wickedness and genius, and laying his broad hands on my shoulders, said: ‘ They will never forgive me my superiority.’ ” | Richelieu was as vain as he was ambitious. Upon his personal activity he especially prided himself. A nobleman of the house of Gram- mont one day found him employed in jumping, and with the savoir faire of a Frenchman and a courtier, offered to jump against him. He suffered the cardinal to jump higher, and soon found himself rewarded by an appointment. At his trial Danton, in reply to the ordinary court query, said: “My name is Danton—a name tolerably well known in the revolution ; my abode will soon be annihilation, but I shall live in the pantheon of history.” In his song to “ My Dear Love” the Marquis of Montrose wrote: ‘*T’ll make thee famous by my pen And glorious by my sword.”’ : Montaigne told the King of France when the latter informed him he liked his essays. “ Then your majesty must needs like me; my book is myself.” When asked how many great writers there were in the age of Louis XIV, Boileau an- swered, ‘‘I know only three—Corneille, Mo- liere and myself.” Walt Whitman once wrote: “ Divine am I, inside and out. I make holy whatever I touch or am touched from.” When Louis XV died Rousseau sadly ob- served, “ There were two despised men in France, the king and I. I am now alone.”
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 425 It was remarked by Aristotle, who was along way the shrewdest and most scientific observer of antiquity, that all men of genius have been melancholic or atrabilious. He instances Em- pedocles, Socrates, and Plato, andthe larger . number of the poets. And the page of modern biographic literature would supply many a strik- ing illustration of the same temperament. The pessimism of Johnson, Swift, Byron, and Car- lyle, of Schopenhauer and Lenau, of Leopardi and of Lamartine, may perhaps be taken as a signal manifestation of the gloom which is apt to encompass great and elevated spirits, like the mists which drift toward and encircle the highest mountain peaks. In some cases this melancholy assumes a more acute form, giving rise to the thought and even the act of suicide. Among those who have confessed to have ex- perienced the impulse may be mentioned Goethe in the Werther days, Beethoven dur- ing the depression brought on by his deafness, Chateaubriand in his youth, and George Sand also in her early days. The last, writing of her experience, says: ‘“ Cette sensation (at the sight of water, a precipice, etc.) fut quelquefois si vive, si subite, si bizarre, que je pus bien con- stater que c’eetati un ospece de folie dont jetais atteinte.”’ Johnson's weariness of life was, it seems cer- tain, only prevented from developing into the idea of suicide’ by his strong religious feeling, and his extraordinary dread of death, which was itself, perhaps, a morbid symptom. In some cases this idea prompted to actual at- tempts to take away life. The story of Cow- per's trying to hang himself and afterwards ex- periencing intense religious remorse is well known. Another instance is that of St. Simon, whose enormous vanity itself looks like a form of monomania, and who, ina fit of despond- ency, fired a pistol at his head, happily with no graver result than the loss of an eye. Alfieri, who was the victim of the “most horrid mel- ancholy,” tried on one occasion, after being bled by a surgeon, to tear off the bandage in order to bleed to death. Among those who succeeded in taking away their life are Chat- terton, whose mind had been haunted by the idea from early life; Kleist, the poet, and Beneke, the philosopher. The following portraits are on our paper money: $1, Washington; $2, Jefferson; $5, Jackson; $10, Webster; $20, Hamilton; $50, Franklin; $100, Lincoln ; $500, General Mans- field; $1,000, De Witt Clinton; $5,000, Madi- son; $10,000, Jackson. On silver certificates —$10, Robert Morris; $20, Commodore De- catur; $50, Edward Everett; ¢100, James Mon- roe; $500, Charles Sumner, and $1,000, W. L. Marcy. On gold notes—$2o0, Garfield; $50, Silas Wright; $100, Thomas H. Benton; $500, A. Lincoln; $1,000, Alexander Hamilton; $5,000, James Madison; $10,000, Andrew Jack- son. The late William Barnes, the “ Dorsetshire poet,” used to tell of a little boy whom he found one day in a village school, and.who had written the word “psalm” in his copy book and then accidentally blotted out the initial — “p” with his sleeve. His little sister at his side was in tears at the disaster, but the natural born spelling-reformer defiantly exclaimed: “What if I did scrope of en out? He didn’t spell naught, and what was the good of en?” A correspondent of the Zzsmes who recently visited Washington Irving’s grave writes to that journal: “The grave is intact—as perfect in form as if it had been recently made, and the grass grows over it firmly and green. What is noticeable to the keen observer, however, is the absence of even a clover leaf, as the num- ber on surrounding graves show that they © must have been plucked from the grave of the distinguished author. ‘The remains of Wash- ington Irving repose within a plot surrounded by a high and handsome hedge, and here he lies in the midst of his relatives, undistinguish- ed from the kindred dust save by the name written upon the modest stone. The stone has indeed been chipped by curiosity seekers— vandals were a better name; but the statement that ‘the grave is tramped down flat, a regular footpath cutting through it,’ is erroneozs.” Mr. Ruskin has this to say about his literary work when he was a young writer: It was always done as quietly and methodically as a piece of tapestry. I knew exactly what I had got to say, put the words firmly in their places like so many stitches, hemmed the edges of chapters round with what seemed to me grace- ful flourishes, touched them finally with my cunningest points of color, and read the work to papa and mamma at breakfast next morning, as a girl shows her sampler. “All’s well that ends well,’ as the gentleman siid when he wrote the postscript to his letter. “Measure for measure,” as the chemist said when he took a bad sixpence for a black draught. :
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426 QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. “Much ado about nothing,” as the insolvent said when he took the benefit of the act. “As you like it,” as the servant said when he drank his master’s grog. “A winter’s tale,’”? as the church warden said when the pauper asked for a small supply of coals. “I do remember an apothecary,” as the invalid said after swallowing an emetic. “When shall we three meet again,” as Wealth, Honesty and Friendship said when they last parted. “Lend me your ears,” as the deaf horse said to the donkey. ‘‘Leave not a wreck behind,” as the sailors said when they steered the Oregon to America. “Blow, blow, thou wintry wind!” as the furrier said when he wanted customers. “Oh, that this too, too solid flesh would melt !” as the man said when trying to masticate a tough steak. “All{the world’s a stage,” as the poor old coachman cannot say, since all the world now travels by steam. Throughout the last century one of the most popular toasts ran as follows : “Here’s a health to you and yours, who have done such things for us and ours; and when we and ours have it in our power to do for you and yours what you and yours have done for us and ours, then we and ours will do for you and yours what you and yours have done for us and ours.” Another, of which there were a great many versions, and some complicated and confusing, was: ‘‘Here’s a health to all those that I love; Here’s a health to all those that love me ; ~ Here’s a health to all those that love those that I love, And to those that love them that love me.” Another, generally given by a guest as a kind of thank-offering to the host, ran thus: ‘‘Here’s a health to me and mine, Not forgetting thee and thine ; And when thee and thine Come to see me and mine, May me and mine make thee and’thine As welcome as thee and thine Have ever made me and mine.” The following passage occurs in the Hay- ward correspondence, in a letter from Mrs. Norton: “I had been relating some anecdote about Nicolini or Manzoni to Mme. de Sis- mondi, which she requested me to repeat to the Countess Guiccioli, and directly afterward I found myself seated by the side of a lively, coquettish-looking woman, with handsome, ex- pressive features, gold-tinted hair a little inclin- ing to auburn, a complexion of dazzling fair- ness, and, what no one will, I am sure, deny to her, the plumpest, firmest, and whitest of busts. The English who met her at the public table there did not seem to be so much struck with her, and complained of boldness and affecta~ tion. But great allowance must be made for her singular position in society, which may welt prevent her feeling quite at ease among Eng- lishwomen; and it is hard to condemn the manners of a foreigner for not according with a purely conventional standard of ours.” When Dr. Chalmers became minister to Kilmany, in the north of Fife, he used to get his supplies from Anstruther. On one ocassion —so the story runs—he sent a written order for a sack of corn toa Mr. Thomson there. The corn never came, and Chalmers was much an- noyed, Next time he was in Anstruther, he called on Mr. Thomson for an explanation. It was soon given. The merchant had been un- able to decipher the minister’s hieroglyphics, and had put the note in his desk until Mr. Chalmers should call. “ Not make out my writing!” exclaimed Chalmers, indignantly ; “show it to me.” He read a few words, but then he stuck, completely baffled. He was, however, equal to the occasion. With a pawky smile, he returned the letter to the merchantr saying: “But the letter was adressed to you, Mr. Thomson; it is your business to read it, not mine” It is a curious fact that Dumas said little or nothing about his origin. His grandmother was a negro slave, his father a mulatto, and the only anecdote connected with Dumas and the African blood in his veins, was one where it was represented that some impertinent fellow asked him if his father was a mulatto, and he replied, “Yes”. ‘And your father’s mother ?’” continued Master Impertinence. ‘A _ full blooded negress,” was the reply. “And her ancestor?” followed the persistent inquirer. “A monkey,” thundered forth Dumas, “and I furthermore inform you that my ancestors be- gan where yours ended !’’ Abraham Hayward’s dinners were always sprightly affairs. At one of them Lord Lynd- hurst mentioned that an old lady, an acquaint- ance of his, kept her books in detached book- cases, the male authors in one and the female in another. James Smith said he supposed
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ther reason was she did not wish to add to her library. Of another dinner, given about the Same epoch, Hayward himself records that “some capital things were struck out, but wit is too evanescent for repetition. Sheridan was Saying, that he had been told that it was im- possible to get a dinner at the Temple. *What,’ said Lord Lyndhurst, ‘not at the chambers of the gastronomer of the Quarterly?’ (Hayward’s then recent article on gastronomy and gastronomers had been read by every- body.) ‘Who,’ added Hook, ‘has just given us a practical commentary on the article, illustrated by plates, and accompanied by cuts.’ Lord Lyndhurst, who had to go to the Duke of Sussex’s later, came to this dinner with gold- jaced trousers, his dress-coat being left in the carriage. Theodore Hook gravely proposed that, to appear with all his glories, Lord Lynd- ‘hurst should reverse his position in his chair.” Lord Nelson, like George III, it may be re- membered, never forgot a face that he had once seen. During a visit to Salisbury, in De- cember, 1800, he recognized one sailor among a crowd who had served under him at the time and another who had assisted at the amputa- tion of his arm, after the unsuccessful attack on Santa Cruz. Sir Walter Scott had a wonderfully retentive memory, two striking illustrations of which are xecorded—one, of his having repeated the whole of Campbell’s “Pleasures of Hope,”’ after only twice psrusing it; and the other, of his going through the whole of a ballad three years after he had first heard it. Byron, also, had a very fine memory, and often astonished this friends by the versatility of his knowledge. The late Professor Connington could recite the works of Virgil and Homer from beginning to end. Count Leon Tolstoi dravs the following pen portrait of his father:—He was a man of the last century, and, like all who had been young iin that time, he had in his being an indescrib- able something chivalrous, enterprising, self- confident, amiable and a trifle dissipated. He felt profound disdain for the people of our cen- tury, and this disdain now and then rose to the height of an overweening hospitality and akind of spite because he could no longer have in our epoch the influence and the success which he had enjoyed in his own. His two great passions were cards and women. He won or lost at cards in the course of his life many millions, and he had loved an incalculable number of QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 427 women in all classes of society. He was tall and of imposing appearance, but walked ina singular fashion, taking very short steps, and he hada jerk in one of his shoulders. Little eyes always filled with smiles, a great aquiline nose, a badty cut mouth rather full of grimaces, yet agreeable, a defective pronounciation (he hissed when he spoke), and a head entirely bald; such was my father as long ago as I can remember him. With such a figure he managed to pass for a man invariably lucky in love, and in point of fact he was so. Politeness is always the mark of good breed- ing, and some of the greatest men have been noted for their courtesy. Many of them have owed the popularity that was a recognition of their greatness, in no small measure to their consideration of others. The following is re- lated of the late Edward Everett: Many years ago, the errand-boy employed by a publishing house in a great city was sent to procure from Edward Everett the proof-sheets of a book which he had been examining. The boy en- tered the vast library, lined from floor to ceiling with books, in fear and trembling ; he stood in awe of the famous man, and dreaded to meet him. But Mr. Everett, turning from the desk where he was writing, received the boy with reassuring Courtesy, bade him sit down, chatted kindly as he looked for the proof-sheets, and asked, “Shall I put a paper around them for you?” as politely as if his visitor were the president. The boy departed in a very comfortable frame of mind. He had been raised in his own esteem by Mr. Everett’s kindness, and has never for- gotten the lesson it taught him. A visitor to James Carlyle, the brother of him who made the name of Carlyle famous, chanced to speak of the terrors of a recent school inspection. Quoth James: “Ye make a terrible to-do about eddication nooadays, by what was the case when I was young. Tae day at the schule when I was nine years auld, my teacher was hearin’ me say my catachers, and I said ‘he believes’ instead o’ the believeth.’ He knocked me doon and pu’d my legs and bangit me onthe desks; and I ran oot an’ lay at the fit o’ a hedge among dokens and nettles for three hale days.” Not long ago a lady presented a gentleman to Mrs, Ella Wheeler Wilcox, saying: “Mrs. Wilcox, this gentleman has met you once be- fore, when, for some reason, you made an un- fortunate impression on his mind, which I am sure will be eradicated as soon as you know
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428 each other better.’’ Mrs. Wilcox surveyed the embarrassed young man unflinchingly, then she said: ‘‘His experience has differed from mine. He left no impression on my mind whatever,” and the unfortunate man retreated, the victim of the blundering indiscretion of one woman and the sharp-edged wit of another. The following story of Mr. and Mrs. Agassiz is indorsed as truthful by good authority: Mrs. Agassiz found one morning in one of her slippers a cold, little slimy snake, one of six sent the day before to her scientific spouse, and care- fully set aside by him for safety under the bed. She screamed: “There is a snake in my slip- per!” The savant leaped from his couch, cry- ing: “A snake! Good heavens! Where are the other five ?” Lamartine once asked one of his friends to obtain for him a secretary. The friend sent him one, highly recommended, and a day or two after came to inquire concerning his protege. ‘‘He pleased me,” said Lamartine, “only”—“Only what, cher maitre? Do you think him too young?” “No; his age is very good.” ‘Too ugly?” “Oh, what do I care about his looks?” “Didn’t he seemto you ac- tive?” “Oh, yes.” “Intelligent?” “Yes, cer- tainly, entirely irreproachable; only”—“Only?” “Only he didn’t appear moved on seeing me.” Lamartine could hardly help believing that he had really brought to the world some sort of good tidings, and that his poetry contained supernatural treasures. His niece used to declare wickedly that he had never been the least envious of Victor Hugo, or of Byron; that even he could not be of Homer. “There is one person in the world of whom my uncle isa little jealous, and that is Jesus Christ.” ee Se ee ee REVIEWS. LITERATURE. We will venture to prophecy that the most important purely literary work that will bear the imprint of 1887 on its title-page, has already made its appearance in “American Literature, 1607-1885,’’ by Charles F. Richardson. The work will consist of two volumes, the second volume, treating of American Poetry and Fic- tion, will be published in 1888. The volume now ready treats of “The Development of American Thought.” Charles F. Richardson is Professor of English Literature in. Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H., and is known in the literary world as the author of “ A Primer of American Literature,’’ and the compiler of a ittle manual on “ The Choice of Books.” Both rrr 985209989 C—O QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. of these works have had a very large sale, and are excellent in their way. We also know Prof. Richardson is a poet of ability as his “ Deliv- erance of Leyden,” and other lyrics will attest The present undertaking is the most ambitious that he has yet attempted, and the result is what we predicted it would be, a standard work on a subject that has received but little attention heretofore from competent critics. To be sure we have Tyler, but Tyler’s was not intended for popular use. The present work differs from others on the same theme in its attempt to measure American literature by general, not provincial, canons of criticism; thus the books of the colonial period, while carefully studied, are brought under the perspective of the later and better productions. The same test will be applied to living writers, of whom fewer will be mentioned than in the “ Primer of American Literature.” New York and London: G. P. Putnam’s Sons. Buffalo: Peter Paul & Bro., 8vo, pp. 535, $3. POETRY. A noteworthy, if not remarkable book has been made by Hunter MacCulloch in the col- lection of his poems entitled, “ From Dawn to Dusk, and other Poems.” The principal poem, from which the book takes its title, gives the story of man’s life ina maner, both impressive and attractive. We cannot recall anything in modern literature tobe compared with it. It is the ‘Song of songs! Thy living notes fall in a ceaseless shower, And the quickened earth is blessed of thee and blesses ; While merging each in each, thy drops of life Back to the ocean flow, from whence they rose ; From thence again to rise, again to fall ; And fall and rise while sun and stars endure !’’ The child is the ‘‘Small, living spark from the fire Of twin lives that leaped-up as a flame, Double-branched, and wound ’round and became One flame with one aim— Thou art here, at the feet of Desire ! Oh, wavering ray! As weak as.the whisper of trees That tell of the soft, south breeze, In speech that half dies on the way !”’ And thus a score of quotations expressing some fine thought could be taken from the introduc- tory poem. Of the shorter productions the most striking are “June Days,” “Daisies,” “Unsophisticated” and “Flood Tide,” although the last is too far after Swinburne. To readers. who wish to possess themselves of the real poetry of the times we commend this volume. Philadelphia: J, B. Lippincott, Co., 16mo, cloth, pD. 134, $1.25. If Samuel Willoughby Duffield’s “Eng- lish Hymns: Their Authors and History,’” is not the most important work on an important subject, it is certainly the most. interesting yet written. This book was meantito be read. Weare glad that it is meeting. with the success that it deserves. This is the second edition, revised and corrected. This work not only gives an historical of all of the principal hymns inthe English language, but
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. what is not less interesting, it gives an account, of the authors themselves. Thus we find that Samuel (Augustus) Willoughby Duffield—he usually omits the second name—was born in Brooklyn, Long Island, N. Y., September, 24th 1843. His education was received in Phila- delphia, and at Yale College, whence he was graduated in the class of 1863. In 1866 he entered the university,and is at present the pastor of the Westminster Presbyterian church, Bloomfield, N. J. To these modest notes con- cerning himself we may add that Mr. Duffield is not only one of our leading hymn-writers, but is also a poet of marked ability, many of his verses having appeared iu the Century. His productions in book form have been, ‘The Latin Hymn-Writers and Their Hymns,” “The Heavenly Land,” “Warp and Woof: a book of Verse,”’ “The Burial of the Dead,” etc. The present work has a number of valuable indexes which greatly adds to its value. Its price is exceedingly low. New York: Funk & Wag- nalls, 8vo, cloth, pp 672, $2. “To the Poet-Laureate,” by Louis Belrose, Jr., consists of seventy-six verses addressed to Lord Tennyson in reply to his “Locksley Hall, Sixty Years After.” It is written in the same metre as “Locksley Hall,” and contains a num- ber of couplets of remarkable force. Washing- ton: A. S. Witherbee & Co. “Little Rhymes in Brown,” by Lucy Evan- geline Tilley, contains twelve original poems, illustrative of childhood life, and written for children. It is a beautiful specimen of the printer’s art, printed in brown ink on coated paper, and ribbon tied. Westerly, R.I.: Geo. G. Champlin, Printer. “Brother and Lover,” by Eben C. Rexford, is a short pathetic little story in blank verse that deserves, for the tender feeling in it, kinder treatment than its degree of poetic merit will probably obtain for it. A woman tells of the bereavement of her childhood when her mother dies, of the love for her brother she could not divide with his friend, of their going away together to the battlefield where the brother was killed, and the lover sorely wounded, and of her visit to what may be, but is not, the hospital death-bed of the latter. A story in blank verse must avoid innumerable pitfalls of the commonplace which are evident in every page of “Brother and Lover.’’ Nor is it redeemed from these by any striking heights or climaxes. Yet it is instinct with pure senti- ment, and expresses everywhere a gentle sweet- ness that disarms the critic as effectually as the unpretending beauty and fragrance of a wood violet. New York: John B. Alden. 12mo, cloth, pages 85, 40 cents. “Maurine, and other Poems,’ by Ella Wheeler. Fourth Edition. Chicago: A.C. Mc Clurg & Company, 16mo, pp. 254, $1. Cor- rected price. Noticed in our last issue. In the course of a review of Nora Perry’s “New Songs and Ballads,’ a writer in the New York Tribune says: The happy, trustful spirit of Nora Perry’s poetry is felt even in her slighter pieces—songs of the months, the sea- 429 sons, and the flowers, and simple expressions of moral sentiment and pure affection. She is not concerned with complex emotions or phenomenal experiences ; her charm is that she gives such musical and sympathetic voice to familiar feelings, and that although she is no stranger to the note of pathos, she is never be- trayed into dark and disordered moods. She loves sunshine and hopefulness. A bright humor sparkles even in the short, tripping, melodious measures in which she prefers to embody her thoughts. Most of her ballads turn upon cheerful incidents; and if she does not always tell a story with the force, terseness, and plainness of the true balladist, she at least does not miss the vivacious manner and direct action required by this form of composition. “The Christmas gale” is.one of her best pieces in the narrative kind, and an excellent example of some of her finest general qualities.— Boston: Ticknor & Co., 12mo, cloth, pp. 196, $1.50. It is not often that we find religious poetry of high literary merit. Perhaps the strong self- restraint implied in a religious conception of life checks the freedom of the imagination; or perhaps those who have deep religious feelings do not care to deck them out with much literary adornment. Of course to this remark there are signal exceptions, notably Milton and George Herbert, not to mention others; but Herbert is almost startling in the simplicity and directness with which he applies the metaphors and suggestions of the material life of the world to spiritual things, with the same freedom that a profane poet would use. But people who are fond of religious poetry generally care for it because it suggests or reflects feelings and ideas with which they sympathize, rather than for any mental stimulus it supplies. “Heart's Own Verses,” by Edwin R. Champlin, will not be read for their poetic merit so much as for the deep religious feeling which pervades them. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Co., 16mo, cloth, pp. 69,75 cents. In preparing the selections from A. C. Swin- burne, published in this number of QUERIEs, we have used Crowell’s “Favorite Illustrated Edition,” being ‘Selections from the Poetical Works of A. C. Swinburne,” from the latest English edition of his works, edited by R. H. Stoddard. Our portrait is from this work, by the kindness of the publishers. This is un- doubtedly the best collection of Swinburne’s poetry for family reading, published in this country. The introduction by R. H. Stoddard giving a brief survey of Swinburne’s life and works, is particularly valuable. New York: T. Y. Crowell & Co., 8vo, cloth, pp. 634, $2.50. We have received “Poems of the Rod and Gun,” by Isaac McLellan. The author of this volume has the peculiar distinction among the choir of singers of being a successful Nimrod able to enact the exploits he celebrates by flood and field. The earliest part of his career was contemporary with Longfellow, Willis and Hawthorne, his birthplace being Portland. famous for the nativity of the two poets. In Bowdoin College he was in the next class tu
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430 QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. Longfellow, Hawthorne and Cheever, and his friendly relations with them continued while they lived. He was a favorite with Daniel Webster when the great statesman and lawyer laid aside the cares of his profession, and unbent his spirit with the sports of the rod and gun. The present volume contains, as the title indicates, the poet’s sporting verses, which take a pretty wide range, treating of nearly every form of the chase and its trophies. The pieces have many of them been pub- lished as contributions to the magazines and newspapers, and this republication is a fitting testimonial of the appreciation of the sporting public. A memoir of the poet by Mr. F. E. Pond, “ Will Wildwood” precedes the collec- tion. New York, 98 Nassau street: Henry Thorpe. 12mo, cloth, pp. 280, $1.50. “Religious Poems by Robert Browning :’’— “Christmas Eve and Easter Day,” “Saul,” and “An Epistle Containing the Strange Medical Experience of Karshish, an Arab Physician,” form the contents of a volume edited by Miss Heloise E. Hersey. The poems are printed from the most recent text, and each has a brief introduction and explanatory notes, These are in the most direct and simple style. They aim only to explain difficult allusions and con- structions. Miss Hersey has recently assisted Mr. W. J. Rolfe in editing a volume of Selec- tions from Browning for his English Classics. The notes are in the general well known style of the notes in that series. They are however, somewhat less full, as this book is not especially designed for school use. Mr. _ Rolfe writes the preface to the volume, and commends it “to all ‘Christen folk’ as good reading for Christmas Eve or Easter Day, or any other time in the year.” There is also an introductory essay by Miss Hersey, on “The Theory of Robert Browning Concerning Per- sonal Immortality.’? The essay will have deep interest for the readers who watch the signs of the times in the world of religion, and who be- lieve that the poets usually forestall the theo- logians by about acentury. The whole book is especially timely as demonstrating Arch- deacon Farrar’s claim that Browning deserves to be ranked among the greatest of religious poets. It also falls into the line of the present theological discussions. It is adapted for use in. Browning Clubs, for Literature Classes, for Reading Circles which wish a taste of Robert Browning at his best, and, not least, for the reader who has already learned to prize this great poet. Boston: D. Lothrop & Co., 16mo, ~ cloth, pp. 175, 75 cents. — SIR JOHN SUCKLING. Sir John Suckling, born in 1609, possessed such a natural liveliness of fancy, and ex- uberance of animal spirits, that he often broke through the artificial restraints imposed by the literary taste of his times, but he never rose into the poetry of strong passion. He is a delight- ful writer of what have been called “ occasional poems.” His polished wit, playful fancy, and knowledge of life and society, enabled him to give interest to trifles,and to clothe familiar thoughts in the garb of poetry. His own life seems to have been one summer-day— Youth at the prow, and Pleasure at the helm. He dreamed of enjoyment, not of fame. The father of Suckling was secretary of state and comptroller of the household to James I and Charles I. He died 1627, while his son was pursuing his studies at Trinity College, Cam- bridge. Thus emancipated from all restraint, with an immense fortune, Suckling set off on his travels. He afterwards joined an auxiliary army of 6,000 raised in England, and com- manded by the Marquis of Hamilton, to act under the king of Sweden. Suckling served in several sieges and battles, and on his return in 1632, became celebrated for his wit, gallantry, and munificenceat the court of Charles I. He was also considered the best bowler and card-player in England; and his sisters, it said distressed and alarmed at his passion for gambling, came one day to the Piccadilly bowling-green, “crying for the fear he should lose all their portions.” Fortune, however, would not seem to have deserted the poet; for when Charles I took up arms against the parliament, Suckling presented the king with a hundred horsemen, richly equipped and maintained at his own expense, at a cost, it is said, of £12,000. This gaudy regiment formed part of the cavalry commanded by Lord Holland; but no sooner had they come within sight of the Scots army at Dunse, than they turned and fled. Suckling was no worse than the rest, but he was made the subject of numerous lampoons and satires Suckling continued steadfast to the royal cause, even when itseemeddesperate. He joined in a scheme to promote the escape of Strafford from the Tower; but the plot being detected, he fled to France, and died shortly afterwards —certainly before 1642. Aubrey states that Suckling took poison at Paris, and, unfor- tunately, family tradition confirms the state- ment—a sad termination to the life of the splendid cavalier-poet ! x The works of Suckling consist of miscel- laneous poems, four plays—possessing no vivid dramatic interest—a short prose treatise on ‘‘Religion by Reason,’ ’and a smal! collection of letters written in a studied artificial style. His poems are all short, and the best of them are dedicated to love and gallantry. With the freedom of a cavalier, Suckling has greater purity of expression than most of his contem- poraries. His sentiments are sometimes too voluptuous, but arerarely coarse; and there is so much elasticity and vivacity in his verses, that he never becomes tedious. His “Ballad ' upon a Wedding” is inimitable for witty levity and choice beauty of expression. It has touches of graphic description and liveliness equal to the pictures of Chaucer. A new and attractive edition of Suckling’s Poems have just been brought out by White, Stokes, and Allen, under the editorship of Frederick A. Stokes. It contains a preface and notes, and also a portrait etched by J. S. King. 12mo, cloth, pp. 238, $2. ,
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 431 THEIR PILGRIMAGE. The finest specimen of book manufacture that we have seen in many a day is Charles Dudley Warner’s recent novel, “Their Pil- rimage.” It does one’s soul good to behold a book made in a manner so attractive, among the multitude of flimpsy productions that are given to the public by publishers generally. We hope this book will be successful from the point of view of binding and manufacture alone, that Messrs Harpers may give us many more books in the same form. Readers of Harper's Magazine are already familiar with the story and illustrations which make up this volume. They are here gathered up'and made into one of the most exquisite specimens of bookmaking on which our eyes have ever lighted. The typographical work is done in faultless style on heavy toned paper, and the finishing touch is given by the binding, which is nothing less than an inspiration. We would cheerfully wade through untold amounts of unmitigated trash if we were allowed to peruse it in such a witching form as this, and we would offer as a valuable suggestion to pedagogues to get their Euclids and Greek grammars similarly dressed if they would have their charges bring to such improving studies the zeal which they throw into besieging the hidden meanings of Jules Verne and his con- freres. This book however is in no pressing need of such fictitious charms to set off its inner worth, though naturally it bears its good fortune gracefully. Itis the fruit of a happy idea, brilliantly conceived and well carried out. The idea of twisting a love story and a pano- rama of travel together is indeed not at all new; it has been carried out with various degrees of success by divers writers, and among such instances we may mention as very near the top of the list, and also as suggesting the story under discussion in several respects, that charm- ing idyl by the lady who writes over the nom de plume of Christian Reid,—“The Land of the Sky ;”—that is to say the mountainous parts of North Carolina and Tennessee. Mr. Warner’s story, if so it may be called, has however a much wider range of scenery for its accommo- dation, and is rather more a series of watering- place sketches than a novel. And as such it is delightful. Heis just the ideal person for such a task, with his fresh humor, his keen eye for the traits which distinguish the common- place from its brother commonplace, and his well defined but equally well restrained sympa- thetic quality always dashed with just a touch of cynicism, and sometimes, it must be admit- ted, yielding to fits of fastidiousness. Never- theless few men could havé tasted the chang- ing phases of summer life at all our leading eastern watering-places with a more just appre- ciation of all, and it is instructive as well as delightful to follow him. He starts the season with Fortress Monroe in March and ends with the White Mountains in October, and in the meantime covers Cape May, Atlantic City, As- bury Park, Long Branch, Newport, Narra- gansett, Nahant, Watch Hill, Isle of Shoals, unique in their and finally Mt. Desert to finish the coast-line, besides intermediate places too numerous to mention here; then off at a tangent to the White Sulphur Springs, back to Saratoga, Lake George, Niagara, Thousand Isles, and to the White Mountains, with of course various places of Jess importance sandwiched in. Happily the interior resorts of the country are not visited with that impartial thorough- ness which he gives to the seashore, else could not all the charms of red-and- black-and-old-gold binding entice the reader to persevere to the end. The illustrations are fitness and spirit. They evidently followed very closely on the writing of the text they illustrate, and seem as if they must have been done bythe same hand that wrote the book. Mr. Reinhart’s life and verve are exactly in place here, and his jaunty sketches so perfectly catch the spirit of the work that they seem like an integral part of rather than an addition toit. The illustration given on another page of QUERIES is the first one that appears in the book, and is character- istic. New York: Harper & Bros. Buffalo: Peter Paul & Bro., 8vo, half leather, pp. 363, $2. HISTORY. This desire is conspicuous in everything that Wm. O. Stoddard writes for children, and especially for boys, as the many readers, old and young, of “ Dab Kinzer”’ will abundantly testify. It is evident no more in his juvenile romances than when he takes up a more Care- ful pen to write seriously and historically for his youthful public. The two “ Lives of the Presidents,’ which Mr. Stoddard has contri- buted to White, Stokes, and Allen’s series, are written in a way that will delight the boyish heart, wherever the boyish inte:ligence is able to appreciate good work done for its benefit. The peculiar character traits of George Wash- ington and Ulysses S. Grant are brought out in a way that will bring them home to the juvenile understanding in a fresh and forcible fashion, and the interdependence between these and the various incidents of history is distinctly shown. The books, which are brought out in rather an overgorgeous binding of red and gilt, but are capitally illustrated, will form valuable additions to every boy’s library. New York: White, Stokes & Allen. Buffalo: Peter Paul & Bro., 12mo, cloth, each $1.25. . BALLADS OF BOOKS. There is a large and increasing public of book lovers, or more properly called bibliophiles, in this country. It is a healthy sign that we have a literature of our own, when their chief atten- tion is attracted to American books. Perhaps there is not a person living who has done more to promote this taste, than George J. Coombes the enterprising publisher. By the books he collects and sells, and by the works that bear his imprint is his rare good taste and judgment made manifest. One of his most recent works is “ Ballads of Books,” chosen and arranged by Brander Matthews. It contains over seventy poems by English and American writers on the subject of books. A number of the poems were
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432 written or translated expressly for the collec- tion, as “ Ballads of the Bookworm,” by A. Lang; “My Shakspere,” by H. C, Bunner; Catullus’ “To his Book,” translated by A. Lang; “The Forgotten Books,” by T. S. Collier; ‘“ The Sultan of my Books,” by Edmund Gosse; Horace’s “To his Books,” translated by Austin Dobson; “ The Book Battalion,” by G: Parsons Lathrop; ‘On the Fly-Leaf of a Book of Old Plays,” by Walter Learned; “ From the Fly- Leaf of the Rowfant Montague,” by F. Lock- er; “A Ruined Library,’’ by Walter Herries Pollock; and “The Collector to his Library,” by Austin Dobson, The book is nicely gotten up with broad margins, uncut edges, dainty vignettes, and an opening cut of “the biblio- phile. New York: George J. Coombes, 12mo, cloth, pp. 174, $2. M.SCELLANEOUS. “In his ‘Whist Score and Card-Table Talk,’ Mr. Rudolf H. Rheinhardt has not only made a pretty book, but also done a new thing. He has prepared a whist score-book to contain the record of the play during 250 evenings, allow- ing ample space for all important data and for explanatory remarks. This is welcome and useful, but it is not the most interesting part of the book. These scores are introduced by a brief bibliography of cards and gaming, and by a more elaborate bibiiography of whist. The latter is much the fullest list we have seen, and although the former might be amplified to ad- vantage—especially by the inclusion of many more French works—it contains nearly all the _ Chief books. Then on the back of the whist scores, which fill only the even pages, is an ex- cellent collection of ana and anecdotes about playing cards and card-playing, gathered from the best sources and carefully credited. This amusing miscellany is illustrated by numerous engravings, nearly all of which are original. Some few are taken from Chatto, Taylor, and Willshi.e, but the best and most curious have been copied from the originals in the National Museum at Washington. So far as we know, the king of clubs, knave of clubs, and knight of money (page 79) as found among the Apaches, and here copied from a buckskin pack in the National Museum, have never been reproduced before; and they are now adroitly contrasted with the coarse Mexican king of clubs (page 77) from a pack used at Pueblo and obviously ‘imitated by the Indians. It is to be noted that coarse as is the execution of the Mexican card, it has the latest modern improvement of a numeral at the upper left and lower right corners. One of the divisions of Mr. Rhein- hardt’s ‘ Card-Table Talk’ is a glossary of the technical terms of whist with their etymolo- gies. There is a good index.” Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co., 12mo, illustrated, gilt top, pp. 130, $1.50. The Interstate Publishing Company, Chi- cago and Boston, has published a volume of readings and recitations of high character for elocutionary drill and memory work in gram- mar and high schools. It bears the title of “Standard Selections,” and is compiled by Mr. QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. John D. Billings, Principal of Webster School, | Cambridgeport, Mass. The selections have been made with excellent taste, and include such authors as Longfellow, Dickens, Tenny- son, Lowell, Holmes, Phillips. Webster, Whit- tier, Everett, etc. Fifteen pages are devoted to selections for memorizing, taken mostly from the poets. Such a work as this is worth far more as a reading-book in schools than the ordinary Fifth Reader which is usually of too high literary style for the age of the boys and girls who have to try to read from it, ‘‘Stand- ard Selections” is printed in large type, and makes a very attractive volume. Price, 60 cents. NEWS AND NOTES, Belford, Clarke & Co. will publish by sub- scription the authorized ‘ Life of General John A. Logan,”” by George Francis Dawson, ex-Li- brarian of the Senate. The work will be fully illustrated. A London publisher wrote to one thousand schoolgirls asking them to name their favorite authors. In the replies Dickens received 330 votes, Scott 226, Kingsley and C. M. Yonge gt each, Shakespeare 73, George Eliot 41, and other authors a less number. “Ten Years of Song,” a volume of poems by the Rev. Horatio Nelson Powers, will be pub- lished early in April by D. Lothrop & Co. Mr. H. Rider Haggard, whose South African romance, “King Solomon’s Mines,” achieved such a success, is a barrister by profession. At the age of 19—he is now only 30—he accom- panied Sir H. Bulwer as secretary to Natal, and served on the staff of Sir Theophilus Shep- stone during his mission to the Transvaal, and it was during the time he was at the Cape that . he acquired the local knowledge which he has turned to good account. His first effort in lit- erature was a history of events in South Africa, published in 1882 under the title of “ Cetewayo and His White Neighbors.” The first issue of the new English monthly, Murray's Magazine, comes to us bearing the world-famous imprint “John Murray: London.” It is a handsome periodical in print, page, and cover, and will fill a place midway between the ponderous quarterlies and the light monthly magazines like Longman’s and the ELug- lish Illustrated. The editors in their an- nouncement give an extract from a letter writ- ten by the first John Murray to Lord Byron in 1816, broaching the idea of a literary monthly, and asking his powerful assistance; and they auspicious!y begin the present venture with a series of “Byroniana,” including heretofore unpublished opening lines to “ Lara,’”’ and a letter of Byron’s on Mme. de Stael. The philosophy of politics is evidently to occupy a large place in the pages of Murry’s. Two articles present the Liberal and the Tory views the last election—the first by C. A, Whitmore, M. P., the other by Mr. G. W. E. Russell. An unsigned article on “ An Irish Parish Priest”
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 433 ee is decidedly the most “readable” paper, a finished and entertaining character sketch. The fiction is furnished by Vernon Lee and the Hon. Emily Lawless—about as strong a contrast in point of style and method as could be conceived. Mr. Matthew Arnold has a good word to say about General Grant and his Me- moirs. When Mr. Arnold first saw Grant (in England) he “did not find him interesting. If I said the truth, I should say that I thought him ordinary-looking, dull, and silent.” But study of the Memoirs left this impression: “A man of sterling good sense as well as of the firmest resolution ; a man, withal, humane, sim- ple, modest; from all restless selt-conscious- ness and desire of display perfectly free; never boastful where he himself was concerned, and where his nation was concerned seldom boast- ful, boastful only in circumstances where no- thing but high genius or high training, I sup- pose can save an American from being boast- ful”—an admirable characterization. New York: International News Co. Mrs. Henry Wood, the English novelist, who died recently, is perhaps best known to readers as the author of “East Lynne.” She was born in Worcestershire in 1820. Her father, a glove manufacturer, was a man of literary tastes, which his daughter inherited. Besides the one before mentioned, some of her other works are: “The Mystery,” ‘The Surgeons Daughters,” *‘ The Unholy Wish,” “ Helen Whitney's Wed- ding,” and ‘‘The Story of Dorothy Grape.” She contributed to a class of fiction much in de mand, but not of a high order of merit. The popularity of “East Lynne” may be judged from the fact that 1,000,000 copies have been sold in this country alone, and the play, founded on this story has been performed 50,000 times. Sidney Luska (Harry Harland) is a fortunate young author who finds himself riding on the top wave of popularity almost at the outset. He is but twenty-five years of age, yet “ As it was Written” has had a sale of 50,000 copies, and the French translation of the same story is in its fortieth edition. ‘ Mrs. Peixada”’ is also to be translated into French. The scenes of his stories are largely laid in the Jewish quarter of New York city, and the stories them- selves owe their almost phenomenal success to their absorbing interest and truthfulness in delineating passion. His latest work is “ The Yoke of the Thorah” now in process of pub- dication. The original of Mr. Howells’s “ Silas Lap- ham” is a rich cattle dealer of St. Louis. The leading newspaper of Sweden is Verzkes A llehanda, an organ which has for its object the elevation of the laboring classes. It is published at Orebro, by Cirvid Gumaelius, who is alsoa member of the Riksdag, or. Swedish Congress. He is about 50 years of age, and liberally educated both by books and travel. In 1876 he visited the Centennial Exposition in this country, where he spent much time studying our advanced Republican ideas and superior attainments as a people. He has made good use of the knowledge thus gained in his efforts to raise the people of his native country socially and intellectually. Here is Judge Tourgee’s tribute to Josh Bil- lings: ‘‘ He sweetened thousands of lives with kindly humor, which will not be wanting in its influence on coming generations. His laughter was a scourge to meanness and an unconscious spur to honesty. The world is all the better for his having lived and laughed. Few jesters have had a finer wit; not one a more manly nature.” “Lyrical Poems,” by Emily Thornton Charles is already in its second edition. Mrs. Charles is one of the most popular of our minor poets. Messrs. Peter Paul & Bro., publishers and booksellers, Buffalo, announce for early publi- cation, a new book by the Rev. L. A. Lambert, author of “ Notes on Ingersoll,” entitled “Tac- tics of Infidels.” The “ Notes on Ingersoll” have now had a sale of 125,000 copies and still continues. The new book, “Tactics of Infidels,” will be printed from new type ordered express- ly for this work, on handsome toned paper, and will contain about 200 pages. A new publishing house has been established in New York under the firm name of Benjamin & Bell, by William Evarts Benjamin and Wil- liam Haywood Bell. The field of the new house will be, more specially, fine books, belles- letters, etc. The location selected is 744 Broadway, where authors’ manuscripts and other literary matter will be received or ap- proved. The publishing firm is independent of, and not connected with, the separate busi- ness of William Evarts Benjamin in rare books, prints, and autographs. Of “John Strange Winter’s”” debut as a pub- lic reader of her own works a Whitehall Re- view writer says: “ Mrs. Stannard has a pleas- ant voice, and in her opening speech she ex- pressed a hope that we would not think her an overbold woman for imitating Charles Dickens in that she was to read from her own works, for, if we knew how nervous she felt, we would not think her so very bold, The reading being given for a charity—given for a family who were not ‘destitute’ but merely ‘behind-hand’ —the reader thanked all those who had come forward to help her, especially the stewards, who were rewarded by having no seats; and she then assured every one that she had writ- ten every word in the books which had been published by the author known as John Strange Winter. When she first began to write, a cav- alry officer related to her one or two profess- ional episodes and began to write a tale for her, but when he had written half he threw up the task in despair, and John Strange Winter fin- ished it. ‘I think’ remarked the lady, ‘that m half was the best.’ With this exception, all the work produced under her name was her. own. The most enjoyable part of the pro- gramme was the reading from ‘ Houp-la,’ and a pathetic rendering of the death of Houp-la caused tears to well in the eyes of a goodly number of the audience.” 3
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434 General John C. Fremont’s “ Memoirs,” of which the first volume has just been issued by Messrs. Belford, Clarke & Company, is en- joying a boom that promises a handsome return for the author. One hundred thousand copies will be printed of the first volume, and a simi- lar number of the second. An order just re- ceived by the publishers. from one dealer in Ohio calls for 2,400 copies of the first volume. A large part of the second volume of the work is already in print, and the remainder the au- thor is daily engaged in completing. It is ex- pected that this volume will be ready by the ist of March. ‘We are employing care and time,” said a member of the firm a few days ago, “in the preparation of the work, and shall not hurry the second volume in any way. Gen- eral Fremont personally supervises the manu- facture of his work, and is constantly flitting between New York and Washington, now his permanent home, devoting the most careful at- tention to every minute detail. He is very ex- acting, and nothing is done on his work with- out its first receiving his personal approval.” The work, when completed, will consist of 1,280 pages of letterpress, and will be embellished with over 400 illustrations. A week before his death General Logan ordered that a copy of the work be specially prepared for him, to be bound in half morocco. Among the distinguished arrivals in London is Louise de la Rame, known as Ouida, the novelist. She occupies apartments in the Lang- ham in lonely grandeur, refusing to see repre- sentatives of the press, and even personal ac- quaintances. It is understood she leaves her sunny home in Florence to brave the bitter cold and fogs of London in order to quarrel with her publisher. Admirers of Ouida’s un- wholesome writings will be interested in know- ing that she is now a soured and discontented old woman, practically destitute of human sym- pathy and companionship, and deriving little or no comfort from the fame which her work has secured her. William Cushing, of Cambridge, Massa- chusetts, has prepared a book of “ Anonyms,” a companion tohis * Initials and Pseudonyms,” comprising the titles of some twenty thousand books and pamphlets, with the names of the authors, followed by brief biographical notices or references to “Initials and Pseudonyms,” and an index of authors, giving the pages where their works are named. The work will be valuable to scholars as a reference book, and still more valuable to libraries, and the American Library Association has recom- mended libraries to give financial assistance to the author in bringing it out. OPEN CONGRESS. Contributors will please give their full ad- dress, not necessarily for publication, but as a guaranty of good faith. Answers toa number of questions are still wanted. Contributions On subjects of general interest are solicited QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. from all our readers for this department: QUESTIONS. No. 118.—(a) Can any of your readers tel? me where the city of Paris received its present name? The Romans in their invasion found a strongly fortified citadel named Lutetia on the site of the present city. When was the name changed? Iam unable to find any authentic account of it. (b) Will some one give a sketch of Catherine Charlotte: Lady Jackson. I can find nothing further than that she is an English lady, the author of “The Old Regime im France,” “French Court and Society,” “The Court of the Tuileries,” and “The Court of France in the 16th Century.” H. C. No. 119.—(a) What Portuguese embassador to England was executed (in England) for murder, in 1654? (b) What is meant by “The Field of the Cloth of Gold ?” T. S.?. No. 120.—In the December number of the North American Review, Arthur Richmond, in his “‘Letter to the President” has the following phrase: “As the impalpable dust that gathers. upon the heaped up rocks that line the rayless chambers of Nickajack.”” What are the cham- bers of Nickajack ?” D. W.N. No. 121.—In Longfellow’s “Courtship of Miles Standish” line 443 occurs this passage: “God had sifted three Kingdoms to get the grain for this planting.” I have not the poem by me and may not quote correctly, and I wish to ask what the third kingdom is? Of course Eng- land and Holland must be the other two, but am in doubt as to the last. I know some of the pilgrims went to Geneva, but Switzerland at that time belonged to the German Empire. I have also thought Flanders might be the third as Miles Standish is spoken of as having fought there but I should like to know positively what country is meant?” aS No. 122.—I have met with two allusions in the course of my reading this season of which I cannot find any explanation, so I will refer them to you. The first is in the “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and is in the following words: “The Nightmare with her whole ninefold, seems to make it (the neighborhood) the scene of her gambols.” ‘The other allus’on is in the “Fable for Critics” by James Russell Loweil. The author has been writing of Bryant and ends by mentioning “Heszod’s staff,” which shows. “That the whole is worth less than half,” 1 have not the poem by me, and perhaps have not quoted correctly, but I am sure that is the substance of the lines. E.R. No. 123.—(a) Why is John Elliot called, “The Apostle of the American Indians,” and not John Campanius? (b) Who is the greatest living mechanical inventor in~ the United States? (c) In the world? (d) Who is the publisher in the United States of the work, ‘‘America Not Discovered by Columbus?” (e) How cold did Lieutenant Lockwood find it at 83°,24, north latitude? (f) Has the northeast passage ever been made? (g) What is the ex- act date of the introduction of slavery into the United States ? A WJ.
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QUESTION DEPARTMENT. Answers to questions in this number will appear in the May issue. 21. Which of the twelve was his favorite month? LONGFELLOW. WILLIAM H. TIBBALS. 1. Our two earliest and most eminent poets were “descended from what two persons of Mayflower anemory ? 2. (a) For what was the house noted in which Longfellow passed his childhood and youth? (b) By whom built ? 3. (a) At what age did our poet’s school-life be- ‘gin? (b) To whom was he sent ? 4. At what age had he ‘gone half through his Latin grammar ?” _ §. When did he write his first letter ? 6. ‘* Every reader has his first book :’? What was LLongfellow’s ‘* first book ?” 7. Where did he pursue the studies of the fresh- man year? 8. In whose house in Brunswick did Longfellow -and his older brother take a room ? g. What other interest attaches to this house ? 10. What part did Longfellow take in junior exhibition of his class ? 11. Whoof his classmates and college friends be- came distinguished ? 12. (a2) What were our poet’s first printed verses, as far as known? (b) In what printed? (c) How old was he ? 13.. ‘* For him the wind, ay, and the yellow leaves, Shall have a voice, and give him eloquent teachings.”’ (a) Who is the author? (b) From what poem are the verses taken ? 14. Whose influence is clearly manifest in the early writings of Longfellow ? 15. Did he ever confess the imitation ? 16. ‘* Whatever I do study ought to be engaged in with all my soul,—for I wi// be eminent in some- thing.’”” To whom did he write this ? 17. (a) What was the first elegant copy of a literary work owned by the young student? (b) How did he acquire it ? 18. (a) What was Longfellow’s rank in his class? “(b) Who were above him ? Ig. (a) What was the subject of the first oration which he prepared for graduation ? (b) The subject -of the second ? (c) Why did he change ? 20. (a) What was his last poem published in the «Gazette? (b) When was it published ? 22. What became of the copy of Horace used by him in college ? 23. What poems did he contribute to the second volume of the Atlantic Souvenir ? 24. In the description of which of Scott’s heroes may we find a pleasing pen portrait of our young poet in France ? 25. Why did he not keep a journal during his stay in France? DISGUISED STATESMEN. (ENGLISH AND AMERICAN.) FLORENCE V. BRITIINGHAM. To give shoes new soles. Something woven, and bustle. A deep hole in the earth. A structure for defence, and a rod. A blister. A gratified pebble. To murder for dissecting purposes, White with age. An area where a signal is displayed. to. . Weekly work, and weight. 11. Equality, and a sound of doom. 12. One of the points of the compass, and a garment. 13. To prepare a gun for firing, and to come in contact with live coals. 14. Conceited. 15. Rind. 16. A weight bubbling up. 17. An occupation peculiar to the fruit sea- son. 18. A strong hardy pony, and a wild animal’s lair. eer Ig. Part of the verb to go, and price. 20. A measure, and value. 21. Sparkling. — 22. Two deer bearing different names. 23. Tarry. 24. A roguish small valley. 25. A Christmas song. CHARACTERS IN FICTION. RUTH MCDOWALL, 26. Lady Boohy. 27. Vivien. 28. Haidee. 29. Martha Hilton. OI AAW Do <a
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30. Ichabod Crane. 31. Clemency Newcome. 32. Mr. Puff. 33. Arthur Dimmesdale. 34. Mignon. ‘Long Tom Coffin.’’ 36. Ellen Douglass. Lemuel Barker. Miss Ophelia. 39. Sheila. 40. Valerie Mameffi. 41. Miss Birdseye. 42. Tom Pinch. 43- Sir Calidore. - 44. Miss Harriet Byron. 45. Jean Valjean. 46. Pyrocles. 47. Miss Hepzibah Pyncheon. 48. Joseph Sedley. 49. Ulrica. 50. Phineas Fletcher. CLASSICAL GEOGRAPHY. CLARA J. MCKEAN. 26. What ancient city of Latium was abandoned because it was infested with serpents ? 27. Which was the largest island of the Cyclades ? 28. Traces of what ancient name remain in the modern word ‘‘Swabia?”’ 29. What ancient mountain produced the best saffron ? 30. What is the present name of Byzantium ? 31. In whom did the geographical science of the ancients culminate ? 32. What is the most famous siege of antiquity? 33. Near what town did the celebrated battle between Czesar and Pompey take place. 34. What was the place of exile of St. John the Evangelist? 35. What two tribes were the original inhabitants of Sicily ? 36. Which wasthe largest of the seven hills of Rome ? 37. What celebrated mountain was the abode of the gods ? 38. In what ancient city were the stones said to have danced into their places in the walls by music from the lyre ? 39. What city is noted as Virgil’s birthplace ? 40. What four cities did Athens and Macedon quarrel for ? 41. Which sea was of greatest importance to the Romans ? : 42. What is the meaning of “Jordan?” 43. What place is famous as the scene of the defeat of Philip of Macedon by Flaminius ? 44. From what cape is Sappho said to have thrown herself into the sea ? QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 45. For what were the people of the Balearic Islands famous ? 46. What ancient lake was so poisonous that birds flying over it fell dead ? 47. Why were the Alps so named ? 48. What country was the birthplace of man- kind ? 49. What city was called the ‘‘city of a hundred gates?” 50. Where did Diogenes live in the summer? In winter ? CONSTITUTIONAL LAW. T. S. PRICE, 51. Does the entire Senate change office at once ? 52. Whojudges of the qualifications of a United States Senator? © 53. Who regulates domestic and foreign com- merce? 54. When does abill become a law without the President’s signature ? 55. Name the President’s salary. 56. Who commissions United States officers ? 57- Does the President pay for the use of the White House ? 58. Give the line of Presidential succession. 59. To what one of the executive departments does the Government Printing Office report ? 60. Upon what terms, and when are Justices of the Supreme Court retired ? 61. What is the salary of Chief Justice ? 62. What is the salary of Associate Justice ? 63. How is a judge of the Supreme Court removed ? 64. Of what is the Supreme Court constituted ? 65. Is the confirmation of the Senate necessary in the appointment of cabinet officers ? 66. Which department has charge of pensions and patents ? 67. What office has charge of public lands and Indian affairs ? 68. What are courts ?”” 69. What of trials in the United States Circuit and District Courts ? 70, How many United States Circuits ? 71. What is the salary of Circuit Judge ? 72. How many District Courts ? 73. What is the salary of District Judge ? 74. Must all the officers of the House be Con- gressmen ? 75. Where does judicial right 7 HISTORY OF SWEDEN. ALBERT W. JOHNSON. 51. What queen formed a union of countries Sweden, Norway and Denmark ? the United States ‘‘inferior the President exercise a three
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 437 52. (a) In what year did the ‘‘black death” pass | elevation of 5 kilometres, how long would it take: ‘over Sweden? (b) About how many of the inhabitants. perished ? 53. What king of Sweden had two sons who be- came, in succession, kings of Polen ? 54. What great French philosopher was tutor of Queen Christina of Sweden ? | 55. Who was the worlds greatest chemist, and reformer of the science, of his time ? 56. (a) What was the real name of Charles XIX ? (b) Where, and when was he born ? 57. Who founded the Academy of Painting and Sculpture ? 58. What great copper mine of Sweden has been visited by nearly all the kings and queens of Sweden ? 59. Where is Eric, called the ‘‘holy,’’ buried ? 60. What king tried to introduce a new liturgy into Sweden, called the ‘‘red-book? ”’ 61. Who was the mearest friend of Gustavus Adolphus ? ° 62. When did the first ship go over ‘‘Trollhaette”’ canal ? | Who introduced a clear and precise system of especially appropriate names in science ? 64. Who has been called ‘*David’s harp in the north ?”’ 65. What country formed a union with Swe- den 1814 ? 66. Who was the great historian in the early part of this century ? 67. When was the first steamboat built in Sweden ? 68, Who was captain of the Vega on her North- east passage ? 69. Which is the highest mountain in Sweden ? 70. What is the north suburb of Stockholm called ? 71. Name the queens of Sweden who have reigned ? 72. Where is Gustavus I buried ? 73. Under whose reign did coinage commence in Sweden ? 74. Where, and by whom was the Academy of Science established in Sweden ? 7 75. What king was called ‘‘Eric the lisper and lame ?” HISTORY OF PHYSICS. D. W. NEAD, M. D. “6. A power of 8 pounds balances a weight of 90 pounds by a wheel and axle; the radius of the axle is 4 inches, what is the diameter of the wheel ? 77. What English physicist had his most valu- able papers destroyed by a pet dog? 78. Who made the first attempt at a scientific investigation of the motion of liquids ? 79. What is noise ? 80. If aman were to fall froma balloon at an him to reach the ground ? 81. How many metres would he fall during the- last second ? 82. How deep into the earth does solar heat ex- tend, and what is the temperature at that point 23% 83. What is the only equally diathermous solid known ? 84. What proportion of heat is lost by the sun's. rays in passing through the atmosphere ? 85. In taking an instantaneous photograph,. with an exposure of 140000 of a second, what is the- length of the stream of light that falls on the plate ? 86. What scientist of this century predicted that: the present century would give birth to the trans- mutation of metals ? 87. Who was the first Englishman who is known. to have cultivated alchemical philosophy ? 88. Who made the first electrical machine ? 89. What is force ? 90. How much does matter expand for every degree of heat applied ? 91. How much for every degree centigrade ? 92. What will be the electrical condition of any substance rubbed with the fur of a cat ? 93. Who first proposed using the freezing point of water as the startiug point of the thermometrica lk scale ? 94. At what temperature would the reading of a Fahrenheit and of a centigrade thermometer be the. same ? 95. What is a barograph ? 96. What physicist was killed in attempting to- repeat Franklin’s experiment ? 97. What is a sympiesometer ? 98. What is hyetometry ? 99. Of what metal should a mirror be made so- as to reflect the greatest possible amount of heat ? 1oo. ‘‘A frame 20 feet high, and 4 feet in diameter, is racked into an oblique form till it is on the point of falling; what is its inclination to the- horizon ?”’ NOTABLE WOMEN. A. J. JOHNSON. 76. Who was notorious as a poisoner in the time- of Louis XIV ? 77. What famous Saxon founded the monastery of Whitby in England ? 78. What English queen was redeemed for 50,- 000 crowns ? 79. Whoestablished a printing office in England,, with women for compositors ? 80. Who was the ‘* Holy Maid of Kent ?”’ 81. What famous Swedish singer began the study of music when nine years old ? 82. What empress of Germany was called “the-
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1438 QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. Mother of Kingdoms ?”’ $3. Who, daughter of a light house keeper, is famous in the annals of heroism ? 84. What great singer received the order of merit from the emperor of Russia ? 85. What famous Irish novelist refused to tell cher age because ‘‘ dates are so false, cold and erro- meous ?”? 86. Who was Saint Clotilda ? “$7. What Frenchwoman founded the order of -*¢ Sisters of Providence ?’’ 88. Who was undoubtedly the greatest tragic -actress of England ? 89. Of what great French actress was it said: «« She does not act—she suffers ? ”’ go. What empress was placed among the saints ~of the Greek church because of her zeal for image worship ? gi. Who founded the ‘‘ Ursulines ?”’ 92. What great Swedish singer was married in “Westminster Abbey ? 93. Whose ‘‘ memoirs,’’ throw much light on the -court of Napoleon I ? 94. What empress, mother of a Roman emperor, became a saint of the Catholic church ? 95. What countess made the famous George “Whitfield one of her chaplains ? 96. Who wrote ‘ Frankenstein ?” 97. Of whose name was ‘St. Andry,” a cor- -ruption ? 98. What Scotch poetess wrote ‘‘ Plays on the Passions ? ”’ 99. The letters of what Frenchwoman made her famous ? 100. What one-time queen of France was exe- cuted after nineteen years of captivity ? QUESTIONS OF JUDGMENT. Select the number of answers required in the question, arranged in the order of choice. BATTLES. Name the ten most important battles of the late Civil War. WOMEN, Name ten women most deserving of esteem from their own sex. POLITICAL REFORMERS. Name the ten leading political reformers of all +time. ANSWERS. Answers to questions that appeared in January number. HISTORY OF SWEDEN. ALBERT W. JOHNSON. 1. Swedes and Goths. 2. 70. B. C. by Odin. -3. Patriarchal or Centurion. 4. Free and slaves. 5- Norrona. It nearly resembles the present language of Iceland. 6. King Harold..: 7. Birka, supposed to have been situated on a small island in the Malar. 8. Bjorn. 9. Hergeir. 10. Gautbert. 15 Eric, called ‘‘the holy” 12. Canut Ericksson. 13. From a precious log, which had previously been laden with valuable things and set adrift, and was afterwards found upon one of the Stockholm islands where the city is now built. 14. Ironmarket and Three-crowns. 15. Olof called the ‘‘bosom-king”’’ 16, In Orebro. 17.. At Dannemora. 18. ‘* This shall hereafter be my music.”’ Ig. St. Birgitta. 20. Calmar, cherished by the Swedes as their ‘* Mayflower.”’ 21. Charles XII. 22.. In 1477. 23. (a) Charles XIV, (b) 1813, at Leipzig. 24. 1629. 25. Sveaborg; which fell into the hands of the Russians, 1809. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW. T.. $.. PRICE. 1. No. The President is sometimes joined. 2. When it passes rules for its own government 2. 4ot; 4. By the admission of new states. §.- 935. 6. By its increase in population. : 7. No. 8. Yes. By a delegate who may take part in the discussion of measures in the lower house, but is no allowed to vote. g. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of United States. 10. By refusing to appropriate money to carry out the terms of the treaty. Ir. Congress. 12. When he signs or vetoes a bill. 13. When the regular election fails; i. e., when no candidate gets a majority of all the electoral votes, 14. No. 15. Two-thirds. 16. Appointed by the President and Senate. 17. Appointed by the President till the meeting of Congress. 18. No.
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 439- La Es PCIe Ra APP GC ea RT PP OE I eC a TY RR I eee 19. Appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. 20. The collective term of office lasting ‘‘ two years from the 4th of March of the add years.” 21. In the House of Representatives. 22. For the trial of causes arising between the states, citizens of different states, etc. 23. No. 24. Congress. Justices of the Supreme Court of the U. S. HISTORY OF PHYSICS. D. W. NEAD, M. D. 26. That temperature at which the aqueous vapor in the atmosphere would exactly saturate it. 27. The precipitation of moisture without the formation of visible clouds. 28. Aclear night with very little, or no wind. 29. Because the branches prevent the heat from being radiated, and the earth under a tree is warmer than that surrounding it. 30. That the different forces are only different forms of one all pervading energy, and that they are mutually interchangeable, and indestructible as mat- ter itself. 31. The law of the conservation of energy— Faraday. 32. On account of the resistance it meets from the air. 33- The lightning of a storm so far distant that we cannot hear the thunder. 34. The sound caused by the air rushing in to fill the vacuum made by the passage of electricity. 35. Hollow tubes produced in sandy soils by the action of lightning. 36. Because iron is a_ better conductor than wood, and the heat of the hand is quickly con- ducted off. 37. It does. 38. Because it takes some time for the sound to reach the rear end, 39. <A dusty boot is cooler than a polished one. 40. ‘The attraction existing between similar par- ticles of matter. 41. Convex glasses. 42, One—one hundred-ninety-fourth more at ‘the poles. 43. Chemical combination attended with the evolution of heat and light. 44. Thales. 45. With a photometer. 46. The defection which luminous rays experi- ence in passing obliquely from one medium to another. 47. The force produced by the difference in chemical action on two metals in a liquid. 48. In 1801 by Sir Humphrey Davy. 49. Because the storm clouds from which it . comes are too distant. 50. Because light travels faster than sound. NOTABLE WOMEN. A. J. JOHNSON. 26. Madame de Stael. 27. Catharine de Medicis. 28. Louise of Savoy and Margaret of Austria. 29. Queen Louise, mother of Emperor William. 30. Christina of Sweden. 31. Isabella of Castile. 32. Jean, Queen of Navarre. 33. Augustina Laragoza. 34. Katherine Howard. title a few days before her execution. 35. Emma, wife of Ethelred II of England. 36. Katherine Parr. 37. Cleopatra. 38. Marie, wife of Louis XV. 39. Sophie, wife of George IL. 40. Zenobia. 41. Genevieve, of Nautere. 42. Anne Boleyn. 43. Baroness Burdett-Coutts. 44. Amytis, Median queen of Nebuchadnezzar. 45. Elenora, daughter of Geffory, second son of Henry II. 46. Charlotte Bronte. 47. Laura de Sade of Arignon. 48. Principal queen of Iralush IV of Assyria. 49. Carlotta. 50. La Fornarina, Raphael’s model. HIDDEN ANIMALS. ' WM. EMMETTE COLEMAN. Henry assumed the 51. Aye-aye. 52. Sigalion. 53. Tatonat. 54. Bleak. 55. Carp. Rail. 56. Topknot. 57. Nagor. 58. Sea urchin. 59. Crow. 60. Glutton, hog, cormorant. 61. Sewellel. 62. Rud or rudd. 63. Tinker. 64. Whiff. 65. Isis. Ammen. Sphinx. Apis. 66. Dunlin. 67. Razer-back. 68. Pollack or Pollock. Wolf. 69. Skimmer. Spider. Dipper. 70. Charr or char. 71. Mono. 72. Skulpin. Skua.
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-440 73- Babblers, chatterers, tattlers. 74. Wind-hover. 75. Tahr, sailor, admiral, boatswain or Bo’sn, _Jjack, pilot-fish, Pilot, whale, water-boatman. HISTORY OF KANSAS. S. M. FOX. 51. The Summit line of the Rocky mountains. 52. May I9, 1859, at Osawatomie. 53- Horace Greeley. 54. Major Jefferson Buford. 55. Astrip thirty miles wide and about two ‘hundred miles long, extending west of the Osage iver, along the southern line of the state. 56. At Fort Scott. 57- Four. The Lecompton (or ‘‘Bogus’’). The ‘Topeka (or Freestate). The Wyandotte and the Leavenworth. 58. The Wyandotte Constitution. 59. January 31, 1861. 60. The withdrawal of the Southern Senators. 61. The people rejected the Constitution (the ‘Lecompton) under which they were provisionally -admitted. 62. Charles Robinson. 63. Ten. 64. All. None have died. 65. James M. Winchell. 66. One. (Geo. W. Glick.) 67. July 19, 1860. From Elwood to Wathmain Doniphan county. : 68. The Price Raid, Oct., 1864. . **The New Sam Gaty’’ (April 18th). 70. ‘**The Daily Enquirer’ of Leavenworth. 71. The Seventh. 72. Barber county. 73- Humboldt. 74. Anirregular band of Union men, who made «marauding expeditions across the line into Missouri. (They wore leggins of red leather.) 75- George H. Hoyt. (In Massachusetts Legis- dature.) HISTOR Y- OF PHILOSOPAY. N. M. BUTLER. 76. George Eliot. 77- John Stuart Mill. 78. ‘* Examination of Sir William Hamilton’s Philosophy,’’ ‘‘Principles of Political Economy,” “‘Dissertations and Discussions in Philosphy,”’’ “«System of Logic,’’ ‘‘On the Subjection of Women,”’ “‘On Liberty,’ ‘*‘Three Essays on Religion.” 79. Asa permanent possibility of feeling. 80. A permanent possibility of sensation. 81. Samuel Taylor Coleridge. $2. Novalis (Frederick von Hardenberg), 1772 a8o1. $3. Thomas Reid. -84, Lessing. QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 85. (a) Aristotle, (b) Empedocles, (c) Hobbes, (d) Kant. 86. Boethius. 87. John Fiske. 88. Jonathan Edwards, 1703-1758. 89. Treatise on the Will. 90, President Porter of Yale and President M’Cosh of Princeton. gt. Archibald Campbell Fraser. g2. Edward Teller, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Berlin. 93. (a) Prof. Henry Sidgwich, (b) Dr. James . Martineau, 3 94. M. Littre. 95. (a) ‘“‘Mind,’’ (b) Prof. G. Croom Robertson, 96. Prof. W. T. Harris. 97- (a) Prof. George P. Fisher. (b) Prof. J. L. Derrian, (c) Prof, Josiah Royce. 98. Prof. Agassiz. 99. Ontology. 100. Prof. Wandt. VEGETABLE PRODUCTS. W. C. PECKHAM. 76. Chili; Bark; Soap. 77. South America; Bark; Medicine. 78. Peru; Grain; Food. 79. Levant; Fruit; Food. 80. Southern Europe; Fruit; Food. 81. Southern Asia; Seed; Food. 82. Tropical America; Root; Food. 83. Japan; Intoxicating liquor from rice. 84. Europe and Asia; Starch from an orchid; Food. 85. North Temperate Zone; Active principle from willow; Medicine. 86. Northern Africa; Gum; Arts. 87. Europe; Active principle of wormwood; Medicine. 88. Tropical America; Seed covering of cocoa; Drink. 89. Northern Africa, East Indies. Fruit; Food g0. Tropical America; Starch from root; Food. gt. China and Japan; Leaf; Drink. g2. Java; Juice; Poison for arrows. 93. America; Leaf; Narcotic. 94. South America; Fruit; Food. 95. Peru; Intoxicating liquor from thorn apple. 96 Peru, Tonquin; Seed; Perfume. 97. East Indies; Rhizome; Dye. 98. Central America; Seed; Arts. 99. South America; Bark and leaves; 100. Tropics; Root; Food. MELANGE. FLORENCE V. BRITTINGHAM. 76. Poets. 77. Ether. fe 78. Anaxagoras, Virgilius, Bishop of Saltzburg, Poison,
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. Galileo, Gerbert, Friar Bacon, Dr. Faust, John Dee, Andrew Crosse and Averroes the Arabian philoso- pher. 79 1866, between Prussia and Italy on one side, and Austria on the other. So. Charles I, Edward VI, Henry IV of France, 81. Lady Berkeley. 82. Richardson. 83. Perillos, Morton the Scottish regent, Hugues Aubriot, Bishop of Verdun, Ludovico Sforza, Haman the Amalekite, Euguerrand de Marigni, Cowper Coles. 84. Dean Swift and Steele. ‘was Isaac Bickerstaff. 85. M Antonius Gordianus. $6. Between the Esk and the Sark, claimed by both England and Scotland. $7. In the reign of Henry VIII. ‘88. Aristocles. | 89. Capetian, Valois and Bourbon. g0. Ladislas IV, Oct. 1645, at Thorn, Prussia. gt. The original meaning was, an absolute prince. g2. Poland in 1081, by Gregory VII; Scot- Jand, 1180, Alexander IiI; France, 1200, Innocent TIL; England, 1209, Innocent III. 93. M. Pellegrini, the caricaturist of ‘*Vanity Fair.” 94. Burke in speaking of Wm. Pitt. g5. From the 5th century to the 15th. 96. St. George of England, St. Denys of France, St James of Spain, St. David of Wales, St. Patrick of Ireland, St. Anthony of Italy and St. Andrew of Scotland. 97. 1607. <A tract called ‘‘Woeful News’’ ‘curiously illustrated a flood in Monmouthshire. 98. Roderigo Triana. 99. Goldand silver producing area of the Rocky Mountains. 100. Benjamin Franklin. QUESTIONS OF JUDGMENT. INFAMOUS WOMEN. Name ten Women most Infamous for their vices. Five hundred sixty votes cast as follows : The pseudonym 1. Jezebel, 51 2. Catherine de Medicis, _ 48 3. Cleopatra, 45 4. Messalina, 41 §. Catherine II of Russia, 40 6. Agrippina, 34 7. Isabella of France, 30 $. Julia, Daughter of Augustus, 27 9g. Herodias, 23 o. Tullia, | 21 Theodora, 18; Judith, Lucretia Borgia, 17 each; Mary I of England, 16; Margaret of Valois, 15; Queen Elizabeth, 10; Aphra Behn, Countess of Somerset, Giovanna, 9 each; Christina of Sweden, Aqt 7; Machioness de Pompadour, Lady Macbeth, 6 each; Beatrice Cenci, Barbara of Cilley, 5 each 3 Mary Queen of Scots, Marozia, Isabelle of Bavaria, Madame de Berry, Delilah, 4 each; Sarah Bern- hardt, Madame Brinvilliers, Mrs. Druse, Elfrida, 3 each ; scattering, 19; Total, 560. AMERICAN ARTISTS. Name ten most famous living American Artists. Five bundred votes cast as follows : 1. Elihu Vedder 40 6. A. Bierstadt 30 z.° EA Abbey- 37 — 7. G. Tnmness 24 3. F.S. Church 36 8. W.M. Chase 20 4. T. Moran — 35 9. C.S. Reinhart 20 5. F. D. Millet 31 10. E. Johnson 19 Huntington, 18; Gifford, 15; Whistler, 13; Gib- son, 12; Story, Nast, 11 each; Bridgman, J. A. Brown, 10 each; Fenn, 9; Beard, Kensett, P. Moran, 8 each; Page, 7; Richards, Coleman, 6 each; Morgan, Boughton, 5 each; Grey, Hart, Merrit, 4 each; Emmet, Beckwith, Sargent, Weir, Eakins, Cole, Neal, J. K. Brown, 3 each; scattering, 9g. Total, 500. GRAIN PLANTS. Name ten grains most useful for food. Five hun- dred votes cast as follows. | I. Rice, 50 6. Oats, 46 2. Wheat, 50 7. Buckwheat, 44 3. Indian Corn, 50 8. Millet, 44 4. Rye, 49 9. Durra, 40 5. Barley, 46 10. Eleusine, 31 Peas, 15 ; Beans, 14; Spelt, 6; Kilery, 3; Flax, Quinoa, Mustard, Pepper 2 each; scattering 4; total, 500. RULES FOR COMPETITORS. 1. The object of the prize questions are to stimulate students to embrace a more extended and compre- hensive view of the subjects treated, and furnish the instructor and his class an entertaining department. 2. Every reader of QUERIES is entitled to com- pete. Letters should bear post-mark not later than the date specified. 3. Answers should be arranged and numbered, written legibly in ink on one side of note paper only, headed with the subject, and signed by the full address of the competitor. In Questions of Fudgment one sheet of paper should be used, or paper cut postal size preferred, foreach set of answers. An- swers should be as concise as possible. Where practicable, authorities should be given. 4. Ascore of ten will be allowed for each correct answer; answers in part will be accredited. All answers will be placed on file and a correct account kept. The competitor who answers the greatest number of questions will be awarded first prize, etc. 5. In Questions of fudgment, the competitor, the total of whose vote stands the highest, will be de- clared winner. In case of a tie in totals we shall decide in order of choice. Therefore answers should be selected according to preference. 6. The editor reserves the right to receive an- swers that differ from those published, if in his judgment they are acceptable. |
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442 QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. 7. Prizes will be declared when stated, and are. payable in new and standard booksselected from the list of Recent Publications in each issue. 8. Clubs and Reading Circles are allowed to com- pete as one individual, but more than one member of the same club cannot compete for the same prize. . All answers, and inquiries concerning them, should be addressed, with postage fully prepaid, to the Editor of QUERIES, Buffalo, N. Y. PRIZES. No,- 158—Puysics. One hundred questions. Prize $10. First, $5, second $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to fourth set of questions due April 15th. No. 163.—CONSTITUTIONAL LAw. Prize $10. First $5, second $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to third set of questions due April 15th. No. 164.—HIsToRY OF SWEDEN,—Prize $10. First $5, second $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to third set of questions due April 15th. No. 168.—CHARACTERS IN FICTION. One hundred questions. Prize $10. First $5, second $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to second set of questions due April 15th. No 169.—CLASSICAL GEOGRAPHY. One hundred questions. Prize$1o. First $5,second $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to second set of questions due April 15th. No. 173.—LONGFELLOW. One hundred ques- tions. Prize $10. First $5, second $2.50, third _ $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to first set of questions due April 15th. No. 174.—DISGUISED STATESMEN. One hun- dred questions. Prize $10. First $5, second, $2.50, third $1.50, fourth QUERIES one year. Answers to first set of questions due April 15th. No. 175.—BATTLES. Prize $6. second $2, third QUERIES one year, April 15th. No. 176.—WomMEN. Prize $6. First $3, second First $3, Answers due $2, third QUERIES one year. Answers due April 15th. No. 177.—POLITICAL REFORMERS. Prize $6. First $3, second $2, Answers due April 15th. THE QUERY BOX. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY,—145. One hun- dred questions. Perfect score, 1,000. First prize won by H. V. Wilson, Baltimore, Md. Score 910. Second prize won by Mrs. W. W. Williams, Bath, Me. Score 890. Third prize won by John A. Devereux, Buffalo, N. Y. Score 885. Fourth prize won by Mrs. Horace Silsby, Jr., Seneca Falls, N. Y. Score 880. Competitors, 41. MELANGE.—146. One hundred questions. Perfect score, I,o0o. First prize won by Ella White, Lexington, Ky. Score 950. Second prize won by Byron Wells, Albany, N. Y. Score 920. Third prize won by Miss Mag- gie De Motte, Jacksonville, Ill. Score glo. third QUERIES one year. 500, by 50 competitors. Fourth prize won by Adele J. Grow, Red Wing, Minn. Score goo. Competitors, 53. VEGETABLE PRODUCTS.—147. One hun- dred questions. Perfect score, I,ooo. First. prize won by Wm. E. Coleman, San Francisco, Cal. Score, 980. Second prize won by Nellie M. Skinner, Woodbury N. J. Score 970. Third prize won by R. M. Crouch, Brazil, Ind.. Score 965. Fourth prize won by Miss Maggie De Motte, Jacksonville, Ill. Score 950. Com- petitors 67. 7 INFAMOUS WOMEN.—165. Number of votes. cast 560, by 56 competitors. Maximum count 360, made by Harold Robach, New York, N. Y. Second prize won by Miss Mary Scott, Erie, Pa. Score 352. Third prize won by Sacred Heart Academy, Kenwood, N. Y. Score: 350. AMERICAN ARTISTS.—166. Number of votes. cast 500, by 50 competitors. Maximum count: 293, made by George Hildreth, Washington, D. C. Second prize won by E. A. E, East- man, Cleveland, O. Score 292. Third prize won by Mrs. A. Alley, Rochester, N. Y. Score: 287. GRAIN PLANTS.—167. Number of votes cast Maximum count of 450 made by Willie Millener, Spencerport, N. Y., Miss Emma S. Fairchild, W. Charleston,. Vt., and D. E. Lautz, Manhattan, Kas., who di- vide the prizes. NOTES AND EXCEPTIONS.—The Editor always. reserves the right of receiving answers which differ from those published, if in his judgment they are acceptable. The Editor is in no way responsible for the answers furnished by con-- tributors, neither can the contributor be ex- pected to defend his position as taken on dis- puted points. Exceptions will appear for what they are worth in these columns, if they comply with the general rules of newspaper corre- spondence. A single word indistinctly written, especially if a proper name, may cause hours of patient research on the part of the proof- reader in order to verify its accuracy. Here- after poorly prepared papers will be overlooked’ in preparing this department. Contributors. who furnish observations for this department should use due caution in preparing their copy, and, above all else, write plainly. A number of objections have been received which cannot be- used on account of carelessness in the above respects. Names and Places in Literature.—In the October QUERIES I find that A. W. K. has taken exception to the answer that Plato was. called the “ Attic Bee,’ and at the same time he bestows this title on Sophocles. I cannot. agree on this point. At the time that this query appeared I was not a subscriber, and did not feel entitled to dispute this article. On close research I find that Anderson in his “General History” (page 157) says, “Xenophon was. called the Attic Bee because of his clear, natural and graceful style.” The same author in his “ Historical Reader’’ (page 540) gives. Plato the title of the “ Athenian Bee,’’ because of the sweetness of his style. I cannot find
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QUERIES, MARCH, 1887. any authority that gives this title to Sophocles. I should like to know whether the terms ** Attic’? and *“ Athenian Bees’”’ have reference to the same person—S. Z. United States History.—6o. Answer in ‘QUERIES should have been 1839 instead of 1840. (See Johnson’s American Politics, page 130.) 66. I answered yes on authority of Ridpath’s “ History of the United Sates, page 465. “At Monteray, September, 1849.” <A State Constitution was formed in June, 1849. 71. I answered, giving the break which pre- cipitated the panic. This failure simply called attention to the financial condition of the coun- try, which had resulted from wild speculation in many other things besides the railway build- ing. 72. This answer in QUERIES is a little absurd. My answer “because the State re- jected the proviso upon which its admission depended, viz., the acceptance of the Lecomp- ton Constitution,” answers the question. Congress did admit the State provided they would accept the above constitution, it was re- jected by a popular vote, and the State remain- eda Territory. 73. This is a manifest error. To be sure our great western silver mines were discovered in 1858. In 1631 license was grant- ed John Winthrop to mine at Middletown, Conn. This ore yielded from 25 to 75 ounces of silver to 21 hundred weight of lead. (Ap- pleton’s Cyclopedia, volume X, page 254). Silver was discovered in large quantities in Davison county, North Carolina, (Washington mine.) Appleton’s Cyclopedia, volume X, page 255.)—S. M. F. Facetious Botany.—74. 1 gave “ Rush,” the definition of which in Webster is “A proverbi- cally worthless thing.” I think that is even bet- ter than “ Fig,” the answer given.—G. M. R. Melange.—I would beg leave to state that in 4No. 5,) * Melange” you give Tennessee as the State bordering on ten States. I find that it touches eight but not ten.—S. Z. The answer given by Miss Brittingham to this question is rather far-fetched ten-I-see,—P. A. Roman Literature.—I1 must file an exception to the third query in Roman Literature ques- tions, “ Ballads and Heroic Verse.” Niebuhr’s ballad theory is abandoned by later critics. I adduce two authorities: 1. Simcox’s “ History of Latin Literature,” volume I, page 16. “Latin Literature does not begin with ballads; the scanty legends of the prehistoric past were mever, that we know of, worked up by primi- tive minstrels into anything the least like Lord Macaulay’s superb lays. We do not even know that there was a time when they were told as continuous stories in unsuspecting good faith,” etc. 2. Crattwell’s “‘ History of Roman Litera- ture,” page 26. “This hypothesis of an early Roman epos analogous to the Heroic poems -pbut preserved in a less coherent shape, has met with a close investigation at the hands of scholars, but is almost universally regarded as ‘not proven.’ The scanty and obscure notices -of the early poetry by no means warrant our drawing so wide an inference as the Nie- 443 buhrian theory demands.”—D. H. 17. What we now consider “ Satire’? is very different in its nature from that of Nevius, as answered in QUERIES. In its present form it originated with Lucilius. (See Bender’s ‘“‘ Roman Litera- ture,” page 25.) The Satire of Nevius was what we would now rather call burlesque. 4. My answer has for authority Morris’ ‘* Manual of Classic Literature” page 264. That Livius Andronicus established the dramatic perform- ance to purchase his freedom from slavery.—S. M. F. RECENT PUBLICATIONS. Choice Dialogues for School and Social en- tertainments; edited by Mrs. J. W. Shoemaker. Philadelphia: The National Schoo] of Elocu- tion and Oratory, 12mo, pp. 182, paper, 30 cents, cloth, 50 cents. {260. A Short Tariff History of the United States. By David H. Macon. Chicago: The Author, 1886, 460 West Randolph street, $1.00. [261. Ways and Means. By Margaret Vandergrift. Philadelphia: Porter & Coates, 1886, 12mo, cloth, pp. 344, $1.50. [262. Life; Its Nature, Origin and Development. By Salem Wilder. Boston: Rockwell & ee 1886. 12mo, cloth, pp. 348, $1.50. 263. An Inkling of Buffalo. By C. W. Sumner. Buffalo: C. W. Sumner, 1886, 25 cents. [264. Illustrated Catholic Family Annual for 1887, New York: Catholic Publication Society, 1887, I2mo, paper, pp. 156, 25 cents, [265. Law Without Lawyers; A Compendium of | _Business and Domestic Law for Popular use. By Henry B. Corey. New York: A. L. Burt, 1885, 12mo, cloth, pp. 416, $1.50. [266. House Plans; Containing Elevations, Plans, and descriptions of Houses, costing from $500 to $3,000. By James Leffel. New York: James Leffel & Co., 1884, pp. 224, $1.25. [267. Hand-Book of Forms; A Compendium of Business and Social Rules and a complete work of reference, and Self-Instruction. With Illustrations. By Prof. W.F. Parsons. Bat- tle Creek: J, E. White, 1884, 8vo, cloth, pp. 658, $4. [268. The Mystery of “Shakespeare” Revealed. Sir Francis Bacon the Real Author. By Wil- liam Henry Churcher. Detroit: The Author, | 1886, 12mo, cloth,: paper, pp. III, 35 cents. 269. The Beginner’s Book in French. With Hu- morous Illustrations. By Sophie Doriot. Bos- fone Ginn & Co., 1886, boards, pp. 298, go cents. 270. Principles of Elementary Algebra. By B. W. Keigwin. Boston: Ginn & Co., 12mo, pa- per, pp. 42, 25 cents. [271. Tchitchikoff’s Journeys; or, Dead Souls. By Nikolai Vasilievitch Gogol. Translated from the Russian by Isabel F. Hapgood. In two. volumes. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell & Co., 1886 $2.50. [272.
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444 QUERIES, MARCH, 1857. A MonrTuiy Review or LiTerRAry, ART, SCIENTIFIC AND GENERAL EDUCATIONAL QUESTIONS OF THE Day. CONDUCTED BY C. W. MOULTON. | SuzscripTion :—In the United States and Canada, One dollar ayear. Clubs of seven copies at Six Dollars, Foreign, Six Shil- lings. Single copies, ten cents. - = e = 20 Cents. ADVERTISING RaTsEs :—Per Agate Line, 30 cents, Cover or special position, To ContrisuTors:— Contributions are solicited for the Question Department of QuErizs, on all subjects of general interest. The friends of higher education who are willing to romote the interests of this mode of instruction are invited to lacaieh a series of one hundred questions and answers for early ublication. Contributors will please use due caution in compi- tion, as it is a part of the plan of publication that all questions should be known only to the contributor, and the Editor, before appearing in the magazine. Contributions must be for the good of the cause, as payment for the same cannot be made. To SupscRiperRs:—Persons ordering a change in the direc- tions of the Magazine must give both the old and the new ad- dress in iull. All subscribers who do not receive the magazine promptly will please notify us at once. The receipt of the magazine will be a sufficient acknowledgment for a single sub- scription. When no time is specified, it will be understood that the subscriber wishes to commence with the current number. Remit by Postal Note, Money Order, or Draft on New York. All communications should be addressed to C.L. SHERRILL & CO., Publishers. gi & 43 Franklin St. BUFFALO, WN. Y. EDITOR'S TABLE, Attention is called to the Publisher’s an- nouncement on another page of Prize Selec- tions, edited by C. W. Moulton. This work consists of eight hundred twenty-five famzliar quotations from English and American poets from Chaucer to the present time. Three hundred dollars is offered by the Publishers to the persons who will name the greatest number of authors of the Prize Selections in compliance with the published rules, which accom,any the book. To literary students, and others this work offers one of the most interesting and instructive amusements yet devised. The idea of offering asubstantial incentive for study and research among the standard authors is entirely original, and should attract wide publicity. Merely as a book of quotations the work is superior to all others in its line, at the same price being well printed and bound, and contains 242 pages. There is room between each quotation for the author’s name, which can be filled in in ink, when found. The book will be sent post-paid on receipt of one dollar, ~ ao copies for six dollars, by C. L. Sherrill oO. We are pleased to receive at all times from subscribers suggestions as to Questions of Judgment. list of questions on which they would like to obtain a popular vote, the Editor would be pleased to use them in so far as their nature will permit. A number have already been —— and will be published as soon as pos- sible. , We have on hand a very few numbers of the January and August, 1886, issues of QUERIES. If those interested will send in a’ Ten cents each will be paid for the above num- bers, if returned to this office in good condition- In order to allow such of our subscribers as. feel so inclined to assist us in the preparation of the literary studies to appear in future num- bers of QUERIES, we give the list of authors. who will be treated during the coming year. In sending criticisms, give authority and work from which each quotation is taken, and also the Zage where found. Anonymous criticisms will not be published. The following authors will be studied nearly in the order named = O. W. Holmes, J. R. Lowell, Walt Whitman, D. G. Rossetti, A. C. Swinburne, E. B. Browning, Thomas Carlyle, R. W. Emerson, Nathanieb Hawthorne, E. A. Poe, Charles Dickens, W. M. Thackeray, T. B. Macauley, George: Bancroft, Washington Irving and others. To any present subscriber who will send one- dollar in payment for one year’s subscription to QUERIES for a name not already on our list,. we will send, post paid, a copy of the “ Elocu- tionist’s Annual” in paper binding, being a. twelve mo volume of over two hundred pages, containing many new and popular selections in. prose and poetry. For two new names and two dollars, the publishers will send the ‘ Elo- cutionist’s Annual,” bound in cloth, or “ Eng- lish History in Rhyme,” by Mrs. Charles H. Gardner. In sending subscriptions please state: that you are an old subscriber and that the names sent are new ones. 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BOOKS AND PERIODICALS SCIENCE AND EDUCATION is a special edition of every fourth number of the weekly paper Science. : 5 CIENCE AND EDUCATION. Endeavors to be of practical service to teachers and educators by presenting the best scientific thought ‘of men and women prominently identified with the work of educational progress. CONTRIBUTORS. Among the contributors to the issues of SCIENCE AND EDUCATION that have already been published (three in number) may be mentioned the following: FRANK $ GOODNOW on “The Assimilation of courses of study for Boys ana Girls.” C. E. MILENY, on ‘‘The Basis of a Graded System of Schools.’’ W. H. CARPENTER, on “The Natural Method of Language-Teaching.” Professor OSCAR BROWNING of King’s College Cambridge, on ‘*‘ The University Extension Movement at Cambridge.” MR. EDWARD CHANNING, on ‘The Aims of Geographical Education.”’ Among those who have promised articles are : Professor PAULSEN, professor of pedagogy at the University of Berlin, author of ‘Geschichte des gelehrten Unterrichts auf den deutschen Schulen und Universitaten.” : Ex-President ANDREW D. WHITE of Cornell University. Professor ARCHIBALD ALEXANDER of Columbia College. Professor THOMAS HUNTER, president of the Normal College, New York City, who will write. on **Over-pressure in the Schools.” WILLIAM DE WITT HYDE, D.D., president of Bowdoin College. Dr. W. H WATSON of Utica, member of the New York Board of Regents, on ‘‘Some aspects or Medical Education.” Professor H. W. CONN of Wesleyan University, author of ‘‘Evolution of To-day,’’ who will estimate the importance of biology in education. RICHARD AUCHMUTY, £sq., who will describe the New York Trade Schools. Professor MUNROE SMITH of Columbia College, managing editor of the Political Science Quarterly, who will discuss the historical method as applied to the study of law. Professor W. T. HEWITT of Cornell University, who will describe the place of modern languages in modern education. Miss ELIZA ALLEN STARR, author of ‘‘Pilgrims and Shrines,’’ on ‘‘Aesthetic Education.” Professor MELVIL DEWEY, whowill emphasize the importance of libraries in an educational system. SCIENCE AND EDUCATION gives a monthly resume of the contents of foreign educational periodicals, and has many other valuable features. —Send for sample copy. The subscription price for one year (thirteen numbers) ts but $1.50. Trial subscription for three months 25 cents. SCIENCE AND EDUCATION and TuE Swiss Cross, one year to the same address $2.50. N. D. C. HODGES, PuBLIsHEr, 47 LAFAYETTE PLACE, NEW YORK
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