St. Louis Post-Dispatch
December 16, 1917

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Boats | : a ence oe — ee | ae ~_ aa Satceeainetl IR ERE AO oe SET OTE, te SE re eM ST. LOUIS, SUN SUNDAY MORNENG. DECEMBER 16, 1917. er — SS a ls Fr ank H. Simonds’ Prediction BY AN AMERICAN FLYER Be EE ae een TT heiffing Tales From the Nave s Rec or ies S 3 © Another Year Required to Get Sufficient American Troops on the Fir-|| Lieut. Molter of the French Squadron Explains Formation of } il. , ing Line = Soba ge aghor apraps = re that Will Patrols for Attacks and Tells* of the Various Methods |} How John I. ete G First of th ‘: Tage ae Guard to Die. Sane ry to Crus e Central Powers. His Life for His Count#y and How the First Officer Perish ‘ War for Getting the Enemy at Disadvant- ° i: Byolved by the 5 x —The Campana’s Valiant Fight for Life Ended With BEE By FRANK H. SIMONDS, ce in a Combat. 2 | - haustion of Shells. : | z 4 Author of “The Great War” and “They Shall Not Pass.” | i rt ‘Rather more than a year ago I expressed the opinion that the war would last This is the second of a series of articles,on air fighting by Lieut. Bennet A.Molter|' This is the second of a series of five articles in which Ralph D. Paine, the noted’ at least four years. ‘The recent progress of events satishes me that we are to see to be published in the Post-Dispatch. A third will be printed next Sunday. Lieut.| writer of sea stories, has presented from of ficial data the first comprehensive account — 3 a struggle at least five years long and that no decision is likely during 1918, nor i Ag ' furl h , , ' tintil such time as the United States can put 1,000,000 men on European soil, with Molter, who is in the United States on furlough and has had two years’ experience |of the armed-merchantmen campaign. When the history of American participation proper provision for maintaining this number on the firing line. with the French anny, soon will join the American flying squadron with Gen. |in the war comes to be written, it will be recorded that .this—the arming of our mer-— The conviction that the war will go at least | war weariness in France, and the Germans seem | Per shing’ Ss army. | ‘ | chant ships and the successful fighting of their way through the Atlantic sea lanes five years rests upon the change in the situation ) to be planning and preparing an attack upon By LIEUT. BENNET A. MOLTER, —was the first element of American action. : .Paine has had access to ‘the official rec- resulting from the complete disappearance of { France to follow the termination of their Italian z ) 3 ‘ . ords of the Navy Department and has been given other exceptional o rtunities bce . ea _ ‘Russia from the battle line. Allied victory in) campaign. The purpose of this attack will be ' Of Es e No. 102 of the French Army. é familiarize himself with the records made by the A can ee : four years was conditioned upon the mutual to dispose of the French before the United States HE allied flying men hold the supremacy of the air on the western front today by sheer will — | . a re. _ efforts of France, Brit- | can bring its troops up. | power. It is the combined power of a thousand individual wills, of their daring, their : oo“ Russia and Italy, | Such an attack would | , skill and their devotion. But most of all it is their determination dnd confidence, that E are entering a new phase of the By RALPH D.. PAINE, ' all operating at full W p . have been impossible! keep the Boche back of his own lines in the daylight hours, when he can see the vital things. ts aa ae se power against the cen- | war. The campaign of 1918 will had Russia held its| They are also the ones who permit the allied generals to know, through their flying eyes, from Author of tm Judgments of the Ses, The Steam Shovel Man, The Adventures of Oye O’Shea’’ ‘and other novels. [ was difficult for the American gunners’ aboard the-armed merchant vessels to realize that ~ tral Powers. begin with a very clear perception | ; lines, h hat goes on behind the German front. There was a remote | °” the part of all general staffs—enemies nes, because Germany; hour to hour, of all that ¢ possessed mo reserves} Armament today is equal. The Boche ’planes } came a burst of fire, but always it was too late, ae | vanes that a decis- and allies alike—that the decision of the sufficient for such a | ; they had to fight a foe whose operations were shrouded and unseen, A submarine had*to — 4 : | a tes a favor ae ie ak war will rest with the nations whose spirit GES RGGI LET have as good and trustworthy machine guns as ress the man at whom it was directed had just poke her periscope above water, they argued; to take a sight of her quarry, and they rather oF Be es eae ote al endures most, steadfast and that the real, siactieiial Miia vhs an: we—and no better. They carry the way num- twisted out of line. Finally the Boche tried to} expected to shoot the eye out of her. If she emerged and cleared her guns for shell fire, two oa Eto % ae iciahinihon a in, the defeat may come not in a Waterloo or a niet Sek thé Italian ber of rounds of ammunition. Their ‘Dlanes ! drop out of the contest by planing for his own} could play at that game. It was ‘known that England had so large a’ number of ships to arm, be et aS wee military events of 1917 Sedan, but in a collapse behind the lines, seid tebinbnlal thin ned. te fast. No new wrinke, no new trick, no } lines, but Navarre followed him, cut off his| sides a navy actively engaged, that the average gun crew was smaller than the American. Our es =" Le Be Mak Teuenid ‘maintain ed | such as has destroyed the great Russian leas tal ‘the! dhusclane new device can be kept : 7 , wvetreat and forced him/| bluejackets had reason te hope, therefore, that they might be more successful. in beating oft a e aa TE a aad a forces during the present year. It is fath- iceeliiy"in :ead toa a secret by either side Over otate d P obabl J to land behind our lines.| attacks. How accurately the Germans were able to detect the approach of @ steamer and at a iicst vear; There was er a question whether the German spirit a eng gna for more than a few confidence rr e Navarre landed beside| the same time remain invisible was a matter of guesswork, ene and the knowledge was - : ‘possibility of: a de- or the Anglo-French-American spirit is the Pa days after it appears Cause of Guynemer’s Death} him out of fs 5 for| gained by tragic experience. : a : a t Mitre neat Seis; ab tong rue to weaken, and it Is a moral certainty Germany hes. cap- at the front. This be T is pogsible that his confidence in his his adversary and found| To pe sunk with never a chance to fight was a ) gether with four of his gunners, was a matter ob. . a eile ernies cine at if our troops arrive in France in time, eared a siiaaientiaal due not only to the , methods was the cause of Guynemer’s his opponent was a boy | pitter dose. It happened oftener during those { accident. There would have been more “frightful radiata ; the ultimate advantage must be with the number of our planes ; : E of 17.~The German had ly months of the game, while the gunners were | ness,” of the brand made in Germany At the boats able and willing to hold alties quantity of war mater- icant: dnern tenaie cal death. He particularly enjoyed out ig hag a ag OR Cary ; came, gu wer , their place and thus re- ial from the Russians|,, ; , : flying and outmaneuvering his enemies, and | UW" © SUS) Oy O© | learning the tricks of the submarine and before had been filled with women and children, = There should be no mistaking the fact their lines, but to the ; cause his gasoline res-| the owners were aiding them with smoke boxes,| There was one young seaman of the in the United States that the defection | ®4 # vast amount from | German spy system— | ‘Hea when their nerve was frayed, adminis- : ; : ir had been punc- flag int, and anthracite coal in the war’) guard in whose arms a comrade died while t the death stroke. The H foe. . eae ere 8 ¥ ¥ ne of Russia Bes torenly changed the: whole 1 eeagrcal | oa vi ee eX we ietas Seine hd ches down was a eites “8 is tured and his ammunti-| zone. There was no loss of life on the navy list | wer still afloat in the water-logged boat. He — si oo + Kecciagenstsigs in posed vhadinn ét axubiied cunt oon lily ha sm shown by the fact that he was himself killed aan was ean ao until the freighter Aztec was torpedoed without } lived long enough to Be cast ashore on a panes & nwt , of guns. All these re , within a few days, and by his boasting letter | ‘@ttle was one of the/| warning, early in April. She was a.slow ship, {island of the Hebrides, off the western coast of — eres the ii oe ea the ee and ponsieeis ‘adit didbitilie: bor equipment we are equal. | 1, nis mother that “now she need have no | °DSest on record, last-| laden deep with merchandise. It was then that ) Scotland. There he died; but meanwhile his moth that with newly acquired resources of guns : It is probable that for , : ‘ ing nearly five minutes.| John I. Eopolucci, boatswain’s mate, met his (er had ‘written this letter to. the Navy Desert: BS! and materials, captured from the Russians, to make a \desperate fear for him, since Be Kad. conquered the eat the last few months we ; ” : It is on. the chasse| death by drowning while in the service of his Germany is now able to trike one more final drive against greatest of all airmen.” But novices do the ng . have had more planes ‘Sag , : escadrille (hunting/country. A tried man with three enlistments, blow before we can possibly become an | FT#uce this winter or/ip.) they, but they are | ~7°*? ected, and it is possible that this tain German and Aust- me rian. forces before them. - But now Russia has - disappeared, and _ the war becomes a contest between two groups of Powers comparatively equal in numbers, and will remain so until the 2 » United States is able to | o¢tective force onthe western front.— | ext spring, while the} vay. able to concen. | “2UmsSter, instead of replying to one of gs Revit hg: ss gi sn spt bag bas Sas Lhe parry be _ af Tg | the. | FRANK H. SIMONDS- Austrian troops will trate equal or greater Guynemér’s.maneuvers, by “executing a po- } Se ek the securit ; ee ; te 2 P int th “cahie roel he ie ying sufficient suffice to hold the| wubers against us sition of advantage,” as the French are ex- } re ™ ~ gp ° po ad 4 n oe ‘ald por, Paved da peer 4 ine urday by a torpedo? If so, please tell me that 1 ige & wise sive Ber al- ~ iar gre MOLTER. cog asge Pei ment: Peter ; , way home. You will greatly oblige and relieve an a ped: | he place in Northern Italy'and in Northern France. ( paign. sided i eee en their chief mission is to; JtaJian Youth First to Die. almost distracted mother.” ~ De = gle Cains The Russian collapse has provided Germany with The population of France, Italy and Great keep enemy planes from “It is with the deepest regret that the Depart- The boy was dead, but there was ‘this consola- a4 a strategic reserve which has been lacking to ( Britain, including the British white colonies, is i cine oe at ie he gum of erent num: (invading our territory, and this they do by un-/ ment must inform you of a repoft:from France tion, that in his last hours he was cared for by a a her ever since her failure befere Verdun. This | about equal to that of the central Powers, with- or_p* Cotatis—and each detail is a combst sel ceasing patrols of the lines, giving battle to/to the effect that all of the enlisted men of the ‘ scotch mother and daughter who dwelt at a » va strategic reserve has enabled her to take the ) out Turkey, while the native troops of. Britain hese igs! “gps and a Hun airman, hundreds; any Boche who- presumes to venture from | navy who formed the armed guard of the steam-" house on a headland of the Hebrides. They were offensive in Italy and to carry on a counter of- | and Frénch colonies about offset Turkish num- ig ours. We control the air because; his own domain. The patrol is no-hit-and-miss ship Aztec, of the Oriental Navigation Co., sunk } o¢ the Clan MacDonald, whose ruined-sti f ehsive Se Citbee? Dott of them ihore con-.} bers. But the Itslians can use only.a minor per- we win most of these combats—because the) operation; it is as scientific, as steady and | by a German submarine on April 1, are safe ex- on Mull and other 1 slands near by recall the d siderable offensive efforts than have been made { centage of their numbers on their present front, Boche fears us, fears to come over our lines, { as careful as the picket duty in the front trench- cept John I. Eopolucci, boatswain’s mate first { 9¢ their ancient forays against the santennk a = by the Germans in nearly two years. and are unlikely to consent to the transfer of mara to _— rece risks without which he can-| es, or the British destroyer procession across the | class, who is still missing. When last seen, he was } the mother of the seaman these ood women wrote _ Tn my judgment the allies may be compelled Italian troops to France, while the French and wet ake a ee ee eee te his; Channel. It is they who have kept the Boche/|in the second boat that left the ship. The De- {to tel] their sympathy and how they had tried to to stand on the defensive throughout the whole | the British are handicapped by the necessity of General Staff. He has not given up the fight—{ from repeating his cowardly raids on Paris, | partment does not yet give up hope that he may } jeep him alive. He wore a ring, they said, but the — of next year, while every sign points to a renewal_) sending many of their troops to save Italy. far from it—but he fights desperately to defend | where he at one time set out to duplicate his | have been saved, but must frankly admit that the ( .oom was small and he tossed about on the bed, = of the German effort to achieve a decision in ad-} All things considered, it seems to me certain | 2/® °¥™ ground and to invade ours, yet day by | murders of women and children in London. possibilities are remote. and it slipped from his finger and was lost out — _ ance of the arrival of the main masses of the { that the next campaign will see Germany on the | 4#Y We beat him back, and day by day we go i rex ‘| “The sympathy which I feel for you can not ( of the door or window, so they could not send - pe Jnited States armies. German policy is clear. ; offensive on the western front, where all military where it is most needful. ; I dentifying Enemy Planes | lessen the sorrow which has come to you. You home to America. 4 the beginning of the war Germany attacked | authorities, German and allied alike, agree the * ' : Pas . -“|can only be consoled by the knowledge that your The Secretary of the Navy was not too busy to rm E Wades in the hope of destroying France before ) war will-be won and lost. British numbers have Best Man Wins inh Air They also protect the planes engag@i in reg- son bravly volunteered for this dangerous duty send. to the Hebrides his own message of thanks : __ elther England or Russia could come to the ( not yet begun to decline absolutely. The British ulating our artillery fire, and they have other|and was the first man to give up his life for ) 4. vires. Angus MacDonald and her daughter, say: ne age 2 9 of the French. She failed, owing to } wilt be able to hold their own front and to take} Victory in the combats on which all this / 4nd interesting duties which I will discuss in an-| his country in the present struggle.” ing: me t the with which French armies were handled ( over a portion of the burden of meeting the Ger- | depends comes down, since machinery is equal, | other article. Their mein activity is to fight—}| Akin to this episode was the loss of the tanker “The department has recei a report that you! u ES and. le devotion with which the French soldier } man attack upon the French, but they will not be| to a question of the flying aud fighting ability | they are the duelists of the air, and it ts this| Vacuum in April. The disaster was common- ( received into your home an American ee _ fonght. able, in my judgment, to carry on any consider-| of the pilots. Given equal courage--and the | Work that I will describe now. place enough to the bestial annals of the Ger- "prank Loree, who was dying of exposure and ex. P - Thereafter Germany turned her attention to {able operation like the Somme, owing to the/Boche aviators have that, whatever may be said ) The details of training have already been told,|man submarin¢ campaign, merely that scores of haustion following the sinking of the steamer — > Russia, seeking to dispose of Russia before France ) pressure that will be brought upon the French. | of the men on the ground when they are thrown ) and I will not repeat them. It is sufficient to re-| men were set adrift in open boats and many of Vacuum, on which he was a member of the armed — “3 - and England could come to Russia's assistance. In other words, France, having suffered as'she | on their individual initiative—given equal cour- ) °@ll that for this work only the very best pilots | them perished of cold and exhaustion. Command-) guard. The Navy Department and relatives a _ ed Germany did accomplish, breaking down the ) has, will quite justly demand that when she is | age, it is the flying that counts most. For each ( #re assigned, as the delicacy of the duties call | erg of imperial U-boats were winning iron crosses ( the deceased greatly appreciate your trouble ats : = Roasiarr national existence and eliminating Russia attacked, whether it be about Rheims or about | combat is a contest in air maneuvers in which the \ for many and rare qualifications. The pilot must, | for such deeds as this. care which were thus thrust upon you eer ~~ as a factor in the war by the great campaign { Verdun, or about Nancy, that British armies be | winner lives. ) of course, be imbued with the highest ideals of | The tanker was torpedoed in the morning be-{ household.” “a a F Wich began at the Dunajec and ended at Vilna ) sent to the danger point to bear a portion of the To approach to within a short distance of the | duty and self-sacrifice. He must have undaunt-| fore the lookouts had a glimpse of a periscope. After the seamian’s ‘sists bad widetnadl cies ei . the summer of 1915.~ In the, winter’ of 1915 (loss. Nothing is less likely than that the French enemy and to fire with certitude is a delicate / ed courage and perfect confidence; he must be Two minutes. after the explosion tore the steel! ) ter from the MacDonalds she poured mga - _ Germany turned to France again and sought to } will consent to bear another Verdun sacrifice thing, and one that requires much experience. | ©00l under any conditions that may arise. To} hull apart the stern of the ship settled under { to the Navy Department, “thanking each one a ee : dispose of her before Britain could arrive. Again ( alone. There must be no swerving away from the ene- ) attack successfully he must always do so with | water, throwing the after gum crew ovgrboard. ) 9}) from the depths of my heart and offering 1 ; - she failed in this. rer a ‘| my—you must often nearly run him down—and the conviction that he will be the victor. These men were picked up by the captain’s first ( sincerely my appreciation for their kindness . Today, with Austrian help, abe has undertaken ( Waiting Policy the Wise One ] {t frequently happens that when a collision at — iM —™.| boat. Somehow two other boats were dropped } my dear boy, my only son, who was one prosey to erush Italy with the troops which have been The element of time remains with the allies. 20,000 feet s s inevitable it is the one whose ( Types of Planes Bewildering ] and pulled clear before the steamer dived to the (¢ girst to give his life for our country, though tt - Teleased from the eastern front. Not only do the European enemies of Germany | ®&TV® lasts a few seconds longest that is able to } * . 4| bottom. In the afternoon one boat capsized twice _ _ It is necessary to understand the German pur- report back at his hangar. It is the spirit that, To help in recognizing enemy planes each es-|in the heavy seas, losing four men who failed 5 me Ludendorff expressed it very clearly the behind a as EEE minsowes ot sis as the allied fliers over those last few inches, cadrille is supplied with silhouette photographs | to hold on to the gunwales while the others were nktul that am Other day when he said that in modern war—(,. og States, which, now that Russia has dis- | the dash that disconcerts and overawes the ene- } of all known types of Boche fliers, in all possible | righting it. Eighteen men had been in the boat earts, ; y fe far lat is, in a contest between whole peoples— a appeared, are the greatest of’all countries in the | MY, that give them the supremacy of the air. , Positions. These, with study, the pilot soon be-| when it left the others. Besides the four drowned, (from his own loving ‘mother’s: care in the hk : iilitary decision on the battlefield is unlikely. war. If the Germans fail to achieve a decision,| Nor does this mean contempt of the HS comes able to rétognize at great distances. He |11.more died upon the thwarts or awash in the | nours of Iife. Let me thank you once mare fs i vas real vietory is attained by the wearing out Of wie they fail to accentuate the war-weariness in| that is fatal, and often has been. Fritz in the | has to depend far more on the types_of machines |icy water that half filled the boat. Among these ( 91) who were interested in my boy's care” ewill and the spirit of the weaker nation by the France sufficiently to bring the French to a/|air is always dangerous, and one comes to regard ( than on the markings which, are supposed to | were Lieut. Clarence C. Thomas, commanding-the Has Its H ous Si de, Too. oa tron This has “happened in Russia. This ‘separate peace by their offensive of next year, | him with a very real respect—not for his cause, show the nationality of the plane, as the Boche | armed guard of the United ‘States Navy, the first unset | ators h » Germans hope will happen in Italy. they wil] be in a far worse state than at any mo-| but for hiB ability. There are. too many allied sie Pass y Se se Beg Maer Conall gis reins 3 pac Por hae. Bperen tener v9 ‘ é : oe t during the war, because they will have used | planes that do not come home, too many pilots , coup . 4 | Hope § for Disintegration in Italy- oapede mains reserve supplied by the Russian Lard “missing,” for any man who has been long these have a very small black cross painted in | who led the honor rolf of the navy dead in the the center of the cocarde, but this cannot be seen | gnanish war. we defection, and they will have no reserve at the | at the front to have any idea that he can give ; : “Now, we have to consider the possibility that moment when the American army is taking its | Fritz anything less than the best he has. Only he | W™til very close, though under powerful tele-| row Lieut. Thomas Perished. e 1 will pause in pheir attack upon Italy : 1 scopes it is plain enough to keep the Boche gun-| reir fates were very different. Young Bagley q a. a pot sie aan forced the Italians a "a 65 a million strong, on .the western 6g bong he sis hang ion for the - ners from firing on their own machines. A pilot | _ 1+ into Cardenas Bay in the destroyer Winslow | 4s [upon the Adige, if this tjme comes. They ) 1, for the arrival of that army the allies must -~\ Who approaches unwerily, in the belief — He against heavy odds and fought his guns until he ved fe expect that such a defeat will wait, and during the period in which they are Boy a Phenomenal Fighter ) machine was one of a friend, might pay dearly died in his tracks. It was give and take between “ rit o Italy. and that the disintegra- waiting they will unquestionably have to face & ca for his fault. + P honorable foemen, and Bagley’s finish was such as the Savc y monarchy will follow the the fiercest German attacks of the war. ~ One of the most thrilling and specta ular air In the Flanders district the recogni oy Ae a brave sailor would choose for himself. The Span- ) peon tm the 5 speapiage sh ere Moreover, it seems me that “wise policy | quels ever witnessed started because one of our blanes is particularly Sg arg a, the ish played the game ifke gentlemen, afield and would dictate that the allies should wait next year | greatest aces, Navarre, had underestimated the { great number of types in use int pee a afloat, and tf you are fond of. omparise } and in the main carry on a defensive war, be-| poche opposed to him. It was in the region of | usual familiar t¥pes of Boche sage een ONE Admiral Cevera beside an Admir 1 von " 4 cause there is the pbvious danger of a complete nixmude, ahd Navarre swooped at him a little; "Tench ones, there are planes 0 ee Lieut. Thomas perished of cold, str ech a case it is certain that the next Ger- prostration gf France, if France has to undergo hese sidieeniv: ‘She Sache give hint thé ‘elmer Royal Navgl Air Service, the British Roy st ¥- | right an overturned boat in d ig seas. F pa Spepation WAR be Airected against the another bleeding tike that of Verdun. Germany e of his career. Up and down, in loop after | ; ing Corps “different organizations with itter- had been under orders, in the line of luty, to pr re act l, France has borne the greatest burden; + arrord the losses which she would have rab ia wpival,’ dive-and (wist ay flew, slip- | ent types of machines), the Belgian Aviation 42+ nis ship against unlawful atts F the > war. French man power has muttered bear singly when they are balanced by losses.on avebi turning and dodging, each looking for the ) COPS and the Portuguese army planes. Their yigh seas. The submarine . : the other side divided between the French and tata: gecond when he could press the trigger on | ‘7P€® @nd size vary so much it is easy to make| 1, .nched the torpedo waged not ring rane ark eeaaaaaoare = Soa wore. agp obeaid tos tr te ot OD siege on a ring ng Italy to & separate peace, as they have . 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