St. Louis Post-Dispatch
October 21, 1917

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Y ; ow : r rahe tne ‘ . ores Ses 58m: ; ‘ 4 « beds ; 2, : } > . 2 ; sete be ’ ‘ee + id > ‘ - * +7 - ° * : > $ 3 s4astatt *h thtre 2; Soir eSteet tits tit. be aa} 4, Tee j SE ea ec > x ea -ee pes iT Spratt tae the ert “ELST rity hide satti ; Ouse bsthes Seats id thes Sad tae pe te ee My1s Stitaressaeit ST. LOUIS, SUNDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 21, 1917. - oe PAGES 1—I6.. : Allies Over Crest of the Hill, Writes Critic, in Review- ing Series of British Advances in Flanders and Pointing Out What the Expected Retire- ment of the Germans Will Mean. a By FRANK H. SIMONDS. Author of “The World War.” of the Ypres salient. In the present article I shall try to outline the l recent articles I described the geography and the recent war history actual achievement and the eventual purpose of the attacks now being ~ made on the Fianders front and also to compare them with the first offen- give of the “new” British armies—that at the Somme last year. At the outset it is necessary to recall that the British in Flanders, with gseful and gallant but relatively inconsiderable French aid, are now en- gaged in driving a wedge between the German armies along the Belgian coast and the main German forces in line from Lille to the Swiss frontier. At the time of writing the point ' ef the wedge has almost attained Passchendaele and the immediate ob- jective is Roulers, Lille to Verdun. For, as the British advance, they are slowly but surely encircling Lille, moving across its northward lines of rather less than half a dozen miles northeast of Pas- ghendaele. AS the wedge is - thrust forward there is a pause from time to time it the apex and attacks are made _ upon the sides to «widen the wedge ftself. The recent French attack, east of Lange- marck, which co- incided with a British thrust at the apex, was for this purpose, and we May expect an early attack to- ward Beececlaire, Gheluvelt and Zandvoorde for the same purpose. A twofold strat- egy is ere dis- closed. As he drives this wedge forward, Haig will cut the lines of communication connecting the Germans on the seacoast both with the mass of the German ar- mies and with their own bases of supplies. Al- - Teady the advance has approached the Lille-Ostend railroad, one of the two vital lines — com munication and reaching for those to the east- ward, which are life lines. When the Brit- ish reach Menin, as they are now sure to do, for they have mas- tered the domin- ating ridge to the eastward of this town and nearly all the high ground on the west bank of the Lys, they will be nearer to Brus- sels than the Ger- mans in Lille are, and will either hold or, by their artillery, cut many of the Lille roads, including the railway line leading to Ghent and Antwerp, which is only less important than the Lille-Brussels main line to the eastward. Now, recall for a moment the events at the Somme. The Brit- ish and French were then oper- ating on the northern side of the great salient of which Noyon was the apex. they were aim- of communica- ‘ tion, and the British guns are &8 near this rail- road as were the © Germans to the main Verdun’ line, that coming up from _ Chalons, Albert shows 15, 1917. blocked. We may regard Lower solid black area east of ground won at Somme, July to December, 1916. Upper solid black area about Ypres shows grotind won in third pattie of Ypres, June to October shows front from Lens which their guns to La Fere after the German re- treat of March, 1917, and the bat- tle of Arras in April, 1917. ing at the rail- ways and high roads serving this salient and mov- ing across’ the rear of the sali- ent itself. The operatién was quite the same as the British opera- tion north of Lille today. By Nov. this railroad and the parallel high-) 1 of last year the British and French Way as now practically out of busi- ness. When the point of the wedge érrives at Roulers, British guns will, in the same fashion, cut a second nd only less important line from Ghent through Thielt and Courout fo Ostend. There will then remain only the trunk line from Ghent through Bruges to the coast, which mins a dozen miles to the north of Roulers. When this city is reached, all of the German positions on the am, from the Dutch frontier to Nieuport, would have to go; they Would be isolated. In point of fact, before the British reached this Ghent- Bruges line, the German retreat Would be inevitable, since the peril of envelopment and capture would very great. The aspect of the British strategy been apparent from the outset, and has been freely discussed in the press and foreign comment. It ac- Wires importance from the fact that the submarine base of Zeebruegge, ®ne of the most troublesome of the German submarine nests, would be abolished should the Germans be ‘ompelled to leave the Belgian coast. would be less air raiding on don, too, once this base on near- by Belgian soil was disposed of. Yet, recognizing the importance of bolishing the submarine base at egge, it still seems to me that to little attentidm has been paid to the far more important threat this advance carries to the whole were close to Baupaume~and Pe- ronne, just as now the British are ap- proaching Roulers and Menin. The threat to the Noyon salient last year produced the great German retreat of this spring, a retreat from all the German lines between Arras and Noyon, which was explained by reason of the French attacks at the Aisne and the British, victory at Arras. Now, when the British get Roulers and Menin the peril to the Germans east and west of the wedge will be unmistakable, and before the British Courtrai, half a dozen miles east and downstream from Menin, the Germans will have to clear out of the Lille salient. A German withdrawal from Lille would mean the evacuation of all French territory between Verdun and Lille—that is, all French territory west of the Meuse—and such an evacuation would be wholly analo- gous to the retreat from the Noyon salient last spring. Actually the whole German position from Lille to Verdun is a great salient, many times larger than the Noyon salient, but not otherwise differing from it, and the British attack at Ypres this year corresponds exactly with the Anglo- French attack at the Somme last year. Lille is the anchorage of the whole German line from Switzerland to the Flanders front. Its forts, partially dismantied, its railroads and high- position in France from; continued on Page Eleven. — | The Truth About Rasputin and His Part in the Russian Revolutio a . - - -_ — = — = = -— By——_ i ei a ill ila ill ill li li i ii Mil il il i ll i i -_ -—_ - a - =n _ - = . cnn een nnnn DD ll ™ri ii — i OO THE PRINCESS RADZIWILL 4 —~ & Titled woman of the Russian Court set herewith presents the first chapter of a book designed to show that the ‘‘Black Monk of Russia,’’ who came to wield a powerful influence over the Imperial Court, was -a dirty, uncouth peasant, the plaything of circumstances rather than the molder of history, and she tells how he was pushed into the most important position in Russia—a Minister without portfolio, but with power to sway the Czar and the Court; a ‘‘monk’”’ without orders, but casting a spell over the people that defied the Holy Synéd itself. 3 recent state of things in Russia, and thus to ex- plain how the great changes which have taken place in my country have been rendered possi- ble. circulation concerning the Empress Alexandra, the part she has played in the perturbations that have shaken Russia from one end another and the extraordinary influence which, thanks to her and to her efforts in his behalf, the sinister per- sonage called Rasputin came to acquire over pub- lic affairs in the vast empire reigned over by Nich- olas II for 22 years. A good many of these tales repose on nothing but imagination, but neverthe- less it is unfortunately too true that it is to the conduct of the Empress, and to the part she at- tempted to play in the politics of the world, that ha Romanoffs owe the loss of their throne. - Alexandra Feedorowna has been the evil genius of the dynasty whose head she married. Without her it is probable that most of the disasters that have overtaken the Russian armies would not have happened, and it is certain that the crown which had been worn by Peter the Great and by Catherine II would not have been disgraced. She was totally unfit for the position to which chance had raised her, and she never was able to understand the character or the needs of the people over which she ruled. By PRINCESS RADZIWELL. Introduction. HIS expose, based on facts which have come to my knowledge, though probably far from being complete, aims a® depicting the A lot of exaggerated tales have been put into Monstrously selfish, she never looked beyond matters purely personal to her or to her son, whom she idolized in an absurd manner. who had been reared in principles of true lib- eralism, who had had in héf\grandmother, the late Queen Victoria, a perfect example of a con- stitutional sovereign, became from the very first day of her arrival in Russia the enemy of every progress, of every attempt to civilize the nation which owned her for its Empress. She gave her confidence to the most ferocious reactionaries the country possessed. degree succeeded, in inspiring in her husband the disdain of his people and the determination to uphold an autocratic system of government that ought to have been overturned and replaced by an enlightened one. by temperament, she had an unlimited confidence in her own abilities, and especially after she had become the mother of the son she had longed for during so many years, she came to believe that everything she wished or wanted to do had to be done and that her subjects were but her slaves. ousness in her character, and understood admira- bly the weak points in her husband, who became but a puppet in her hands. 4 She, She tried, and in a certain Haughty by nature and She had a strong will and much imperi- Czarina Despised the Czar and Let Everyone Know It rf — She herself was but a plaything in the game of a few unscrupulous adventurers who used her for the furtherance of their own ambitious, mon- ey-grubbing schemes, and who, but for the un- expected events that led to the overthrow of the house of Romanoff, would in time have betrayed Russia into sullying her fair name as well as her reputation in history. was but an incident in the course of a whole series of facts, all of them more or less disgrace- ful, and none of which had a single extenuating circumstance to put forward as an excuse for per- petration. He himse]f was far from being the remarkable individual he has been represented by some peo- ‘ple, and had he been left alone it is likely that even if one had heard about him it would not have been for any length of time. Rasputin, about whom so much has been : Those who hated him mostly did so because they had not been able to obtain from him what they wanted, and they applied themselves to paint him as much more dangerous than he real- ly was. They did not know that he was but the mouthpiece of other people far clever and far more unscrupulous even than himself, who hid themselves behind him and who moved him as they would have done pawns in a game of chess, according to their personal aims and wants. The people it was who nearly brought Russia to the verge of absolute ruin, and they would never have been able to rise to the power which they wield- ed had not the Empress lent herself to their schemes. Her absolute belief in the merits of the wandering preacher, thanks to his undoubted mag-} had taken such an unexpected and dangerous netic influence, contrived to get hold of her mind ‘ course. and persuade her that so long as he was at her § The Empress, like all stupid people, and her side nothing evil could befall her or her family. { It is ‘not generally known outside of Russia —— POOP FT FPF LNG ee = ; LA we 7 ; _ ae A & 8. Ate *~ . —* >" ws Mek tes ao aft &4 of. ONE fas Se RON Sah Ges 0 fo 6 2 oe Aa we ag? ost, 4 . ~ “~ eo ; “a* oe - £0 Wd 6g ‘,? 4 , . a“ aA es > ‘* u . f 4 4 © gs’ .+*8 ,* *}- “ : ad ae rat z) " y e . ed ° ‘ « ” , » "¢@ fe fof vo . oq 2 ‘ ff ” 2s - ~ - | Se =" * » »* fd} _ tT) . - ‘ ~ , 3 nd Re? Fe +4 at %: Padé *, ‘ a y’ ‘ ‘ y 4 od ’ is . Put a? ’ aw par ‘ ‘? ** i . >. a” ‘ . > |) ¥ . Py . . ’ cane >. & oO. Tier .2 8» a, Pet ie alee HS Me Rare ee oF . 4 . at “ tro eta Lo * — * ‘ . . es 4 5 , > . , : j ‘ 4 7 sf ‘ i » - r - } PsA 4 . , . \ 7 . 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" * ** ad ’ 4 t- a7, & a o Oa Me 8a: ; i%+y “e's “ € soa ’ 2 * , 62 . a eek 2, il a 7 ¢. » # ' ‘ . son std 40.2 bP | »j ) eee ee * 00 4d * ‘ 54 (7 Rees S ry oC * &e . “ue « oe Bt ZA0"s 3 , * 24 a hg , ° ~'> « 7 “ = ’ >> “*. . ¥ A ces ee, sf “ _* ; hee? 0 OB. eee? “2 wy ? a, : nN Ke , ’ * «°* ‘ ty i's 737? — ts ‘os a LS . . ; « + ie s % m4 A . a . 3 : s* 4 , 4 + Haughty by na- ‘ture and by tem- perament, she had an unlimited con- me? | fidence in her own El | abilities, and es- Rt pecially after she had the ‘mother of the son she had longed for during 80 many years, she came to believe that every- thing she wished or wanted to dw had to be done and that her subjects were but her slaves. She had a strong will and much im- periousness in her character, and un- derstood admirably the weak points in hier husband, who became but a pup- pet in her hands. become ae . 7 sats 53-4. =the . x » - > - » . oe . = wee a +8 - ~S 7 i eed aeeee atl 7 ye A ee . ae ays" " - ae 7 ~ : : = a i - ae ey « * ie ». . y a -% are ; . So hae Ee VS Pe et Ate “Se “ “ye «we te. = eee t Ane o® os ¥ tena at ht es AEF s ; rae» . 7 4 > “ Ps ott : se. ayn tn . > % r = iet+. “Paes i* ,. Sas ye eR BRR pc x 4 ¥ Ox ° . - “* wate’ THE DEPOSED CZARINA OF RUSSIA Princess Radziwill’s Standing in Russia RINCESS CATHERINE RADZIWILL Pp is one of the oldest of Russian fami- lies. She recently came to this coun- try to lecture and raise money for war pris- oners. She has done a great deal of work for the exchange of French and English sol- diers captured by Germany. Gen. Count Adam Rzewski, father of the Princess,ajs connected with many royal houses of Europe. Louis XV’s Queen was a niece of her great grandfather. Her ma- ternal grandfather was Chief Justice of Rus- sia from 1831 to 1837, and the author of the Russian code of criminal law abolished by the recent revolution. Princess Radziwill was a blood cousin of the Duchess of Hoh- enberg, wife of Archduke Francis Ferdi- nand of Austria, whose assassination start- ed the war. The Princess lost ‘her eldest son in the first year of the struggle fighting for the Czar. She affiliated herself with the revolu- tionists and gave her money and her strength and her courage to the fight for liberty. She was born in Russia, but she was reared in Paris by an aunt. to give himself an account of what was going on around him, who had to be guided and never left to himself. Her flatterers, of whom she had many at a time, had persuaded her that she pos- sessed all the genius and most of the qualities of Catherine II, and that she ought to follow the example of the latter by rallying around her a sufficient number of friends to effect a palace revolution which would transform her into the reigning sovereign of that Russia which she did not know and whose character she was unable to understand. Love for Nicholas II she had never had, nor esteem for him, and from the very first moment of her marriage she had affected to treat him as a negligible quantity. But influence over him she had taken good care to acquire. Shé@ had jealously kept away from him all the people from whom he could have heard the truth or who could have signaled to him the dangers which his dynasty was running by the furtherance of a pol- icy which had become loathsome to the country and on aecount of which the war with Germany stupidity has not been denied, even by her best friends, believed that one could rule a nation by that Alexandra Feodorowna despised her hus-) terror. She, therefore, always interposed herself band, and that she made no secret of the fact. | whenever Nicholas II was induced to adopt a more ‘She considered him as @ weak individual, unable liberal system of government and urged him to y subdue by force aspirations it would have been far better for him to have encouraged. She had listened to all the representatives of that detesta- ble old bureaucratic system which gave to the po- lice the sole right to dispose of people’s lives and which relied on Siberia and the knout to keep in order an aggrieved country eager to be admitted to the circle of civilized European nations. Without her and without her absurd fears, it is likely that the first Duma would not have been dissolved. Without her entreaties, it is probable that the trgops composing the garrison at St. Petersburg would not have been commanded to fire at the peaceful population of the capital or that January day when, headed by the priest, Gapone, it had repaired to the Winter Palace to lay its wrongs before the Czar, whom it still worshipped at that time. She was at the bot- tom of every tyrannical action which took place during the reign of Nicholas II. And lately she was the moving spirit in the campaign, engireered by the friends of Rasputin, to conclude a separate peace with Germany. In the long intrigue which came to an end by the publication of the manifesto of Pskow, Ras- putin undoubtedly played a considerable part, but all unconsciously. Those who used him, to- gether with his influence, were very careful not to initiate him into their different schemes. But they paid him, they fed him, they gave him cham- pagne to drink and pretty women to make love to in order to induce him to represent them to the Empress as being the only men capable of saving Russia, about which she did not care, and her crown, to which she was so attached. With Ras- putin she never discussed politics, nor did the Emperor. But with his friends she talked over every political subject of importance to the wel- fare of the nation, and being convinced that they were the men best capable of upholding her inter- ests, she forced them upon her husband and com- pelled him to follow the advice which they gave. She could not bear contradiction, and she loved flattery. She was convinced that no one was more clever than herself, and she wished to im- pose her views everywhere and upon every oc- casion. # sil ; Every Class of Society Was ‘Her Uncompromising Enemy \ —_ Few sovereigns have been hated as she has been. In every class of society her name was mentioned with execration, and following the in- troduction of Rasputin into her household this aversion which she inspired grew to a phenomenal extent. She was openly accused of degrading the position which she held and the crown which she In every town and village of the empire ¢ on Page Te. = a a America’s Heaviest Hand Will Fall Upon Those Agita- tators Who Seeks to Hamper Within the Nation the Progress of the War. cution of all forms of sedition Attorney-General of The sporadic activities of a few agi- tators who led by good or bail mo- tives, seek to hamper our work in the war justify me as the chief law officer of the executive branch of _ the Government in calling attention to the duties, moral and legal, of all persons owing temporary o%” permanent al- legiance to the United States. The German Government be- gan this war by a contemptuous breach of its form- ally plighted faith made in solemn treaty and from the beginning un- til now has more than made good this ominous earnest of its tention and tem- per. The Presi- dent has shown us how, one by one, as opportunity of- fered, the safeguards which civiliza- tion has been able during the cen- turies to throw around neutrals and the nonfighting people of warring nations were ruthlessly torn down; how patient and long-suffering. re monstrance and request were met by fair words and fairer promises, made only to be broken. We all know as bus sober fact, plainly stated, that the Imperial Government has allowed no rule of war, no principle of civilization, no consideration of humanity, no teach- ing of Christianity, to stand between it and the working out of its illegal purposes. For half a century that Government has schemed and pre pa to dominate the world by "bl and iron.” For half a cen- tury the officials of the Imperial Government, from the Kaiser down, including even the teachers of their children, have prostituted the minds of their youth ¥ ‘ ADEE Et cee \p we ON S ehh THOMAS W. GREGORY, That there may be no misunderstanding of the Govern- ment’s intention to deal in full measure with all forms of treason and disloyalty and to lay its heaviest hand upon everyone guilty of any form of effort to hamper, within the nation, the progress of the war, Attorney-General Gregory has sent out to the whole press of the country for publication today the following statement defining the attitude of the Department of Justice, which will be in charge of the prose- and espionage. By THOMAS W. GREGORY. the United States. its efficiency; they have wantonly defiled and destroyed the temples of God. They have done all of these things that they might strike terror into the hearts of of men so as more easily to conquer and rule them. Aa the war has gone, the ultl- mate aim of the Imperial Govern- ment has become more and more slear. Drunk with che sense of its own power and fts asserted su- periority, it has proposed to se cure a dominating position for it- self and for its system over the entire world, No- where yielding to the people their rightful powers, and everywhere seeking to uphold autocracy and despotism, it has shown its inten- tion to perpetuate absolute govern- ment of which it admittedly is the head and front. Its “kultur” is avowed to be the acme of human goodness and endeavor, and is to boast the rulership of the world, gained by force and arms. The world must fight to preserve itself. Of this there can be no doubt. i | nour National Life Ia Bound } L Up tin Thies War's Result” J Heretofere, save in rare cases, war has been a fight between armies; but this war, because of the Initial prepa- ration for it by an autocracy which prostituted a whole mighty nation to its purpose, is a contest between peo- ples themselves. It is corresponding- ly intense and relentless. The masch of events shows that it is now a war of systems—Kings against peoples. If our enemy win, Kings will doml- nate the world, because no democracy fights with until the whole people has been led to a_ tolera- tion, if not approval, of the hideous “THE FEDERAL FIND Al, GREGORY. IN EXISTING STATUTES OTHERS NOW PENDING BEFORE CON- GRESS POWER TO HANDLE ANY SITUA- TION T AT MAY ARISE BECAUSE THE ILL-ADVISED ACTIVITIES OF DIS- LOYAL AGITATORS”’—ATTORNEY-GENER- or for them. The Prussian autocrat and the brutal Turk will im- pose upon us their frills, GOVERNMENT CAN AND or outrages and barbarities practised by that Gov- ernment in this war. While yet we were neutral, struggling to keep free from the conflict, the rep- resentatives of that Government in this country planned to destroy our factories and our railroads, forged our public papers, deceived us when convenient, violated our hospitality and our sovereignty, while they plotted against our territorial integ- rity: they deliberately and with mal- ice affronting forewarning drowned our helpless women and babes and declared a public holiday that they and innocent children might cele- brate the murder. > | Coma Terrorizes Mankind ] Conquer It the More Easily ae They have bombarded unfortified || towns and bombed the unprotected homes of their foes, taking their toll of wounded and dead from the aged and infirm, the young and the help- less. They have made barren desert of the garden spots of the earth; they have needlessly pillaged and willfully burned towns; they have reduced to slavery men, women and children; they have wrecked and torn asunder families with « diabolical in tell us what we may do, what. we may not do, and the horrors and atroci- ties of Belgium and Armenia leave no doubt what this means. “Govern- ment of the people, by the people and for the people will perish from the earth.” In this sense this is truly a: war of absolute and complete ex- termination not of people, but of sys- tems, and so far as human sight can plerce the future the life of one sys- tem or the other waits on the result. Thus our own very life came to be bound up in the outcome of this war long before we entered it, and even years before the war broke. To the man of vision it is as clear as sun- light that the alr and the plan of the Imperial Government was and fs to conquer the world, nation by nation. It was first to defeat France and Russia, next to dominate Great Britain, and, with Europe at its feet, to turn te America. t German sword were to rule nd the world. We have been thus forced by the Imperial Govern- ment itself to choose whether, fn = dition to suffering outrage plunder, we should calmly wait to be. crushed ourselves in due time and at the pleasure of the royal will, « —- ae gig Naat ss i i He nag rf ollie a Magee an PMU OG Ra oe we “Kultur” and » x = * a aye A \ hale IR Pic) eee ae ne a ~ ug 4 sj J pa uy x at ae we r ‘2 pare YEA as Pre SRE SY OARS me a sala i A 5s! : rape fo) ee ase ut tine rat et ph ah Phy ty a aie in beh OAL ON Ys