Modern Mechanix, February 1937

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FEBRUARY g = Bia -i : = (=] x aad AE (— HE =] A = aj = 2. to pia ta = ` A FAWCETT PUBLICATION . | pa Ata die ig ir an inning eet et TR te RO Traff Bes P ia. 4% oe $ ' Uncorking Bottled U.

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4900 Chemical Formulae in This One indispensable Book In this one big book you have at your fingertips practical commercial for- mulae for making thousands of useful products for your own use and for profitable manufacture. Brand new, encyclopedic in scope, arranged for quick reference, it is exactly the book that every commercial chemist; large or small, has long wanted. 600 Meaty Pages of formulae including many patented, scarce and little known processes, many published for the first time. Collected by over 60 outstanding industrial chemists and technicians—every formula proved suc- cessful by actual test and experience. Covers Hundreds of Industries Thousands of Products You will find, in The Chemical Formulary, methods for making or using Abrasives Disinfectants Hair Tonics Patent Leather Adhesives ae Dyes Incense Photographie Air Conditioning Electrotyping Inks Specialties Alloys Etching Insulation Polish, Auto Anti-rusts Compounds Jams and Jellies Porcelain Aromatics Explosives Kalsomines Preservatives Asphalt Fertilizer Lacquers Printing Bronze Lacquers Fireproofing Latex Paint Refrigerants Candles Fireworks Leather Polishes Rubber, Synthetic Candy .Glaze Fluxes Liniment Safety Glass Carbonizing Fly Killer Liquors Shaving Cream Catalysts Food Specialists Lubricants Soaps Celluloid Gems, Artificial Matches Solvents Metallic PrintingStencils ; Glass Polish Cream, Cold Matrix, Rubber Tooth Paste Coffee Substitutes Glues - Colors for Oi Gold, Plating Mirrors Waterproofing Coots for OFS Grease Nickel Plating Zine Etching Preparation Lubricating Oil Sun-Tan Zine Plating Dental Cement Hair Setting Ointments and thousands Depilatories Liquids Paints more ONE FORMULA ALONE MAY BE WORTH HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS TO YOU Every formula in this book is of practical, commercial value. The volume is not merely a collection of ‘household stunts” ` or experiments for the amateur, but a mine of money-making ideas for everyone concerned with commercial chemistry. In addition, you will find it a quick-reference book for a vast amount of information that you need in your daily work. Send for your copy today. Send No Money EXAMINE IT FREE Aae mone, l D. VAN NOSTRAND CO. | 250 Fourth Ave., New York l | Send me on approval The Chemical Formulary. Within 5 days after I receive it, I can return it to you and owe nothing, If I l keep it I will send you $2.00 as first payment and I wiil pay $2.00 monthly thereafter for 2 months—$6.00 in all. (5% dis- | Same return privilegi (M. M. 2-37) count for cash. Address ~.-.---.---------------~---~-----------~------- l O For Free Catalog of best books of practical instruction and technical information, check here. If you do not want The Chemi- cal Formulary cross out paragraph above. | ek eS EE ee ene, ee THIS COMPLETE, SIMPLE, PRACTICAL COURSE. FOR SELF-INSTRUCTION WILL QUICKLY GIVE YOU A Complete Mastery of | MATHEMATICS | Prepare now to advance yourself to an important job by Mathe- matics Training. Mathematics is the foundation of all me- chanical and scientific work, and of all business or industry based on science. Without this essential knowledge even the most capable man is left be- hind while others forge ahead to better jobs, bigger contracts, more money. You need mathe- matics to solve technical prob- lems and to improve, speed up and check on your work and the work of others. Now you can learn mathe- matics by an easy, inexpensive and time-saving method. A very simple and extremely in- teresting course in book form has been prepared for you by an expert who has devoted a lifetime to teaching practical men the fundamentals of this important subject. MATHEMATICS FOR SELF-STUDY By J. E. Thompson, B. S., A. Mus . Dept. of Mathematics Pratt Institute These books start right from the be- ginning with a review of arithmetic that gives you all special short-cuts and trick methods that save count- less hours of your time. Then they go right thto higher mathematics and show you how simple it is when an expert explains it for you. In no time at all you will be tackling with ease the most difficult questions on this subject. An Expert’s Simplified Methods Mr. ‘Thompson, the author of these books, has had many years’ experience in mathematical train- ing. He presents each practical method and problem in the clearest, simplest. way. He gets right down to the kind of information that you need in your daily work. Send No Money—Mail This Coupon for FREE EXAMINATION N OD ee tf A Complete Course and Reference Library in 5 Volumes Arithmetic Algebra Geometry Trigonometry Calculus 1598 Pages Illustrated à @ i D. VAN NOSTRAND CO., Inc. E 4 250 Fourth Ave., New York . z E Send me MATHEMATICS FOR SELF-STUDY in 5 volumes. # A Within 10 days I will either return the books or send you $2.95 g E as first payment and $2.00 per month for 3 months—total $8.95 g g (5% discount for cash). (M.M 2-37) x E Name ccacacsccc svcd seed ccceeteneente sieete en seengseeedeeeee I P AGAreSS sirrsirsisertatiin tis nd PENSARS EKARA i B City and State .....csctcsssvcceeseeeee sec ccntesesseeengens I : Reference P E Address , = i I. O FOR FREE CATALOG of best books of practical instruction and y technical information, check here, If you do not want Mathe- E matics for Self-Study cross out paragraph above. E VETETTE A HN

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THIS EMPTY I takes brain to earn money—trained brain! The man without training is usually the man without cash. You can train your brain! Thousands of men have done it through spare- AldWWd SIHL time study of I.C.S. Courses. Be a cash man—be a trained man—mail this coupon! INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE. SCHOOLS BOX 2324-K, SCRANTON, PENNA. * Without cost or obligation, please send me a copy of your booklet, “Who Wins and * Why,” and full particulars about the subject before which I have marked X: TECHNICAL AND INDUSTRIAL COURSES © Architect : Sheet Metal Worker O Plumbing O Steam Fitting [O Bridge Engineer oO Architectural Draftsman O Boilermaker O Heating O Ventilation O Bridge and Building Foreman D Building Estimating O Telegraph Engineer O Air Conditioning O Chemistry : Contractor and Builder Telephone Work O Radio O Steam Engineer O Pharmacy O Structural Draftsman O Mechanical Engineering O Steam Electric Engineer O Coal Mining O Structural Engineer DO Mechanical Draftsman Marine Engineer O Mine Foreman [O Fire Bosses Management of Inventions Machinist OToolmaker [O R. R., Locomotives O Navigation D Electrical Engineer O Patternmaker OR. R, Section Foreman O Cotton Manufacturing O Electric Lighting O Diesel Engines O Air Brakes O R. R. Signalmen [O Woolen Manufacturing O Welding, Electric and Gas O Aviation Engines O Highway Engineering O Agriculture O Reading Shop Blueprints O Automobile Mechanic O Civil Engineering O Fruit Growing DO Heat Treatment of Metals O Refrigeration O Surveying and Mapping O Poultry Farming BUSINESS TRAINING COURSES š O Business Management O Bookkeeping O Service Station Salesmanship O Grade School Subjects O Industrial Management O Secretarial Work O First Year College Subjects O High School Subjects D Traffic Management O Spanish ' O Business Correspondence O College Preparatory O Accountancy O French O Stenography and Typing O Illustrating O Cost Accountant O Salesmanship Civil Service O Mail Carrier [O Cartooning g D C. P. Accountant O Advertising © Railway Mail Clerk O Lettering Show Cards D Signs DOMESTIC SCIENCE COURSES O Home Dressmaking O Advanced Dressmaking O Millinery O Foods and Cookery @ Professional Dressmaking and Designing DO Tea Room and Cafeteria Management, Catering Name.. a A A A E E A e a E O sis sasnreasionse pisenanetnaentaoseen ssauesneneneseananens vasione City.. „State... a If you reside in Canada, send this coupon to the International Correspondence Schools Canadian, ta When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix

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FEBRUARY PRICE DAP PAB 15 CENTS A p MODERN F 1937 Io L : Volume XVII Number 4 CONTENTS Copyright 1937 by Modern Mechanix Publishing Co. NEXT MONTH SAME PRICE IN CANADA o SPECIAL FEATURES Equipment for MM Model Homes - + 36 By Wesley Sherwood Bessell, Noted New York Architect Uncorking Bottled Trafic - - + = 42 By Dr. Miller McClintock, Director, Bureau for Street Traffic Research, Harvard University The World’s Biggest Army - =- = =- 50 By Joseph M. Baird Fighting Oil Well Fires - - =- + = 58 By Gerald F, Benedict Hello, Newark + + + =æ © « = 64 Pilots throughout the world regard Leslie By Douglas Rolfe Irvin as their guardian angel. As a boy, Irvin experimented with crude umbrellas, making jumps from the roofs of neighbor- Dr. Elihu Thomson, Dean of Inventors - 67 ing barns. Today, he is known as the “Parachute King” and his factories supply By Aubrey D. McFadyen most of the chutes used by airmen of many nations. Irvin was first to foresee the pos- sibilities of equipping regiments of soldiers 3 : e with chutes and dropping them behind Romance of the Tin Can a = = 63 enemy lines, a practice nów universally recognized as an important factor in mili- By Nelson H. Budd tary strategy. Read the fascinating story of Irvin and his part in the development of the parachute in the March issue, Servicing 200 Trains Daily at Sunnyside - 74 By Brian Hayward FOR WORKSHOP FANS Collectors Vie for Penny Banks - - «+ 80 Among the many interesting By A L Whi projects nicloded in the Mareh issue Wh e the first installment o Y AANA s ate | Building Midget Mike, an 00- Bange miniature locomotive; How e H o in our wi OOKS, a nove Fly Fishing from Coast to Coast . = - 86 Scotty dog radio, lathe. projects, > and many other workshop plans, By Robert Page Lincoln suggestions and time saving kinks. [Continued on page 10] Published monthly by Modern Mechanix Publishing Co., at Broadway and 11th St., Louisville, Ky., U. S. A. Entered as second-class matter under the act of March 3, 1879, at the post office in Louisville, Ky., with additional entry at Greenwich, Conn. Editorial offices, 22 West Putnam Ave., Grecnwich, Conn. Address all manuscripts to Modern Mechanix, at the Greenwich, Conn., address. Not responsible for un- solicited manuscripts. Contributions accompanied by insufficient postage will not be returned. In U. S. and Possessions and in Canada, 15¢ a copy; $1.50 a year. Other Postal Unions, $2.00 a year. Printed in U. S. A. Advertising forms close the first of second month pre- ceding date of issue. Advertising offlces: New York, 1501 Broadway; Chicago, 360 N. Michigan Ave.: San Francisco, Simpson-Rellly, 1014 Russ Bldg.; Los Angeles, Simpson-Reilly, 536 S. Hill St. Member Audit Bureau of Circulations. Editor, Tom Mahoney; Associate Editors, Thomas A. Blanchard, John L. Scherer, Walker Matheson; Hunting and Fishing Editor, Robert Page Lincoln; Naval Architect, S. S. Rabl; Art Director, Al Allard. 4

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IGHT now, in many lines, there is a search for really good men—managers, leaders— men who can take charge of departments, busi- nesses, branch offices, and get things humming. As always, there are not enough ordinary jobs to go ’round—but rarely before, in the history of American business, has there been so much room at the zop! New jobs are being created by the business pick-up in almost all lines—jobs that pay splendidly and that open the way to lifetime success. Ordinarily, there would be plenty of men to fill these jobs—men in junior positions who had been studying in spare time. But most men have been letting their training slide during these dark years of depression .. . ““What’s the use?” —You have heard them say. Perhaps there has been some excuse for sticking to any old kind of a job one could get the past few years—but the door is wide open for the man with ambition and ability NOW! And don’t let anyone tell you that “Oppor- tunity Only Knocks Once”—that’s one of the most untruthful sayings ever circulated. Op- LA SALLE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY, Dept. 2493-8, Chicago I am in earnest about my success and I would like to have your special booklet—without any cost or obligation to me—about my opportunities and your success training in the business field I have checked. O Business Management O Higher Accountancy O Traffic Management O Modern Salesmanship O Commercial Law O Law: Degree of LL. B, O Expert Bookkeeping oc. P. A. Coaching O Modern Foremanship O Business English O Effective Speaking O Office Management O Stenotypy POS on nceinnenen menue Address When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix o Industrial Management O Business Correspondence LaSalle Extension a is the time: / Business is Searching for YOU, if .... portunities flourish for every American every day of his life, Far more to the point is to be ready—to be prepared—to make yourself interesting to the big-time employer—and LaSalle offers you a short-cut method of qualifying for opportunity jobs in accounting, law, traffic, executive man- agement, and kindred occupations. LaSalle Extension University is 28 years old —averages 40,000 enrollments a year—60 American firms each employ 500 or more LaSalle-trained men—surveys show that LaSalle students attain 40% average salary increase after graduation—10% ofall C. P. A.’s in the U. S. A. are LaSalle-trained. Why not find out what LaSalle has done and is doing for men in your position? Send and get the facts; see what LaSalle can do for you, personally! There’s no question about it—business is picking up—jobs are looking for men—the time has come for you to qualify for prosperity. Mail this coupon today! Ask for one of these booklets—or a similar one on your own field o. business. They are free! \

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GOT T | HAVEN'T HAD A RAISE IN YEARS -> GUESS I : NEVER WILL -- M READY TO GIVE UP BUCK UP TOM, WHY NOT TRY AN INDUSTRY THAT'S GROWING ~-WHERE THERES MORE OPPORTUNITY A GOOD Jon IM DOING SWELL IN RADIO. MARY AND 1 ARE TO BE MARRIED NEXT MONTH. RADIO 1S A BIG BUSINESS AND GROWING FAST. TAKE MY TIP AND GET INTO RADIO NOW, TOM! J. E. Smith, President National Radio Institute he man who has dl- rected the home study training of more men for the Radio Industry than any other man in America. HERE’S PROOF THAT MY TRAINING PAYS 380 Monthly in Spare Time “I work on Radio part time, still holding my regular job. Since en- rolling five years ago, I have aver- aged around $80 every month.” OHN B. MORISSETTE, 773 Silver Street, Manchester, N. H. Makes $50 to $60 a Week “I am making between $50 and $60 a week after all expenses are paid and I am getting all the Radio work I can take care of, thanks to N. R I” H. W. SPANGLER, 308 Walnut St., Knoxville, Tenn. Operates Public Address System “I have a position with the Los Angeles Civil Service, operating the Public Address System in the City Hall Council. My salary is $153 a month.” R. H. ROOD, R. 136, City Hall, Los Angeles, Calif. 6 Accept No Substitutes! I will train at Home in Spare Time for Good Jobs in Radio THEN | CAN MAKI REAL MONEY SERVICING > RADIO SETS Do you want to make more money? Radio offers you many op- portunities for well-paying spare time and full time jobs. And you don’t have to give up your present job or leave home and spend a lot of money to become a Radio Expert. Many Radio Experts Make $30, $50, $75 a Week Radio broadcasting stations employ engineers, operators, station managers and pay up to $5,000 a year. Spare time Radio set servicing pays as much as $200 to $500 a year—full time jobs with Radio jobbers, manufacturers and dealers as much as $30, $50, $75 a week. Many Radio Experts operate their own full time or part time Radio sales and service businesses. Radio manufacturers and jobbers employ testers, inspectors, foremen, engineers, servicemen, paying up to $6,000 a year. Radio oper- ators on ships get good pay and see the world besides. Automo- bile, police, aviation, commercial Radio, and loud speaker sys- tems are newer fields offering good opportunities now and for the future. Television promises to open many good jobs soon, Men I have trained are holding good jobs in these branches of Radio. Read their statements. Mail the coupon. There’s a Real Future in Radlo for Well Trained Men Radio already gives jobs to more than 300,000 people. In 1935 over $300,000,000 worth of sets, tubes and parts were sold—an increase of 20% Get Facts about THE TESTED Always Insist on the Advertised Brand?

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WELL,TOM,! DECIDED iD YOU WERE SLAVING ICKED OUT A BUSINESS WITH LOTS AWAY AT THE || OF OPPORTUNITIES AND SAME JOB AS THE | TRAINED MYSELF FOR REST OF US.NOW IT-- SO | PICKED LOOK AT YOU. HOW COME? RADIO! BILL! GOSH,1 DIDNT KNOW YOU, IN. THOSE SWELL CLOTHES AND THAT SNAPPY CAR, SOMEBODY LEAVE YOU A MILLION? O onu A Few | YOU HAVE THE SAME MONTHS AGO |; CHANCE TOM. ABOUTA YEAR AGO } SHOWED YOU A BOOK FROM NATIONAL RADIO INSTITUTE TELLING ABOUT THE a OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE IN RADIO, AND HOW OTHERS HAD SUCCEEDED THROUGH THEIR HOME TRAINING.WELL- 1 ENROLLED. F TOM! HEY! HOW ARE YOU, ¥ OLD BOY? A ANAS © 04,70m,1TS WONDERFUL HOW FAST YOUVE GONE AHEAD IN RADIO. WE NEVER COULD HAVE GOTTEN MARRIED ON WHAT YOU WERE GETTING BEFORE. N.R.I. TRAINING CERTAINLY PAYS, t JUST STARTED AFEW MONTHS AGO AND I'M ALREADY MAKING \ GOOD MONEY IN MY SPARE TIME. OR MARE GOOD MONEY IN ANY ONE OF THE MANY A OTHER NEW AND H GROWING BRANCHES OF RADIO. I'M GOING To SEND FOR THAT FREE BOOK RIGHT Now J OUR WORRIES ARE OVER. I'M MAKING GOOD MONEY NOW, AND THERES A REAL “~ FUTURE AHEAD FOR US IN RADIO. KNOW RADIO. MINE NEVER SOUNDED BETTER over 1934! Over 1,100,000 auto Radios were sold in 1935, 25% more than in 1934! 22,000,000 homes are today installations. I show you how to build testing apparatus for use in spare time work from this equipment. Read about this equipped with Radios, and every year millions of these sets go out of date and are replaced with newer models. Millions more need servicing, new tubes, repairs, etc. Broadcasting stations pay their employees (exclusive of artists) more than $23,000,000 a year! And Radio is a new industry, still growing fast! A few hundred $30, $50, $75-a-week jobs 50-50 method of training—how it makes learning at home interesting, quick, fascinating, practical, Mail coupon. Money Back Agreement Protects You I am so sure that I can train you successfully that I agree in writing to refund every penny you pay me if you are not satisfied with my Lessons and Instruction Service when you have grown to many thousands in less than 20 years, ciate TIl send you a copy of this agreement with my Many Make $5, $10, $15 a Week Extra oe ; in Spare Time While Learning Find Out What Radio Offers You Practically every neighborhood needs a good spare time Act Today. Mail the coupon now for “Rich Rewards in serviceman. The day you enroll I start sending you Extra Radio, It’s free to any fellow over 16 years old, It Money Job Sheets. They show you how to do Radio repair describes Radio’s spare, time and full time opportunities and jobs that you can cash in on quickly. Throughout your those coming in Television; tells about my training in Radio training I send you plans that made good spare time money— and Television; shows you actual letters from men I have $200 to $500 a year—for hundreds of fellows. My training trained, telling what they are doing and earnin Find out is famous as “the Course that pays for itself.” what Radio offers YOU! MAIL THE COUPON in an envelope, or paste it on a penny post card NOW! J. E. SMITH, President Dept. 7BH National Radilo Institute, Washington, D. C. l Give You Practical Experience My Course is not all book training. I send you special Radio equipment and show you how to conduct experiments and build circuits which illustrate important principles used in modern Radio receivers, broadcast stations and loud speaker GET THE FACTS, MAIL THIS COUPON NOW! This Coupon is Good For One FREE Copy of My Book J. E. SMITH, President, Dept. 7BH, National Radio Institute, Washington, D. ©. Dear Mr. Smith; Without obligating me, send ‘‘Rich Rewards in Radio,” which points out' the spare time and full time opportunities in Radio and explains your 50-50 method of tratning men at home in spare time to become Radio Experts, (Please Write Plainly.) . AGE NAME ...ceesee vende ee ee naeenteeenees eee peeecens WAY TO BETTER PAY Always Insist on the Advertised Brand! 7 Accept No Substitutes!

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INVENT $ than two hung; _ Said tly bei room gap lace articles qi™Proved, r i ate IS one Patenta ovement in Pi d t cons oP omona, Californ iS past year euet ia. c Advan Saeed oF pre? rd ent. ating tourniquet? dS a simp] stantly app oo°t whic ple oper. blood "trom Sd to stop thie in the bod an injured men ew ol Pressure ‘ang Mits applicate © Stant), d may be pplication oj Y oF gradually,” eleased ine a oo, THESE INVENTIONS HELPED MAKE THE HISTORY OF 1936—1937 WILL WELCOME AND REWARD THE SAME SPIRIT OF PROGRESS Television and trailers—simple house- hold devices—all helped make inventive history during 1936. Invention marches on in every field, in every sphere of human life. Hard times are leaving, prosperity returning. Men are going back to work. Times are changing— getting better. We believe that 1937 will be a good year for worthwhile in- ventions. Look Around—Look Ahead At the recent Centennial Celebration $ Accept No Substitutes! m t ent musical ed and fifty mi Fo Elec. tricitytoy the farm: Here is n novel Wind. Patented electric pow ave the effect of Which may on October 27, and homes, ft ue a heads In: Y aud has an automatic ee Or. of the American Pat- ent System an old letter of Andrew Car- negie’s was repro- duced, in which he spoke of his 1905 Winton Automobile. Mr. Carnegie said: “There may.be im- provements yet to come, but it is diffi- cult to see room for them”. Think of. itt Difficult to see any room for im- provement on a 1905 ‘“‘chuggamobile’’. The truth is the 1937 automobile con- tains more than 100,000 patented im- provements. There is always room for improvement. Men who look around, then look ahead can help the world and help themselves by developing worth- while inventions. cr to thousands ke bringing cheap RS R- THE — and bolder j "Bae Tr. b cently "pat. Predictions onstiuction has boomed. U: ivi soon mil} j arly shows frailers. Inok, ana traveling "Ta for han are, traller brake m4oSPecial With this Trailer cured | by Woogcnanism ighter than ways right Mobile sorties PER driver of WED m m. and th automatically apopakes: brakes aro lli ore of a Y applied to tr, 3 ton differ- without . aller, Great stri wie des ma Bete. with Severa? pracke; Saua nome reception demont Whee W York and elses ‘umerous ta Patents E pedii eit Gana "R x nes, ice” travel o¢uilldings and “ail ya aF ditioned. yances will pe air cone Your Idea May Be A Good One If you have been looking around— looking ahead—you may have a worth- while idea. It may be for the house, the farm, the shop; for some new method or some new composition. And if it is worthwhile—if it is practical and new—it may be worth patenting. Our Service to Inventors Since 1898 we have helped inventors protect their rights. The law is designed to protect you, provided you take cer- tain definite steps—and we tell you what these steps are, show you how to take them, render prompt, efficient service. If you have a worthwhile invention, or an idea for one, the facts in the booklets shown on the opposite page will be- in- teresting to you. With them we also send Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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CALENDAR What wll he tnventiou. of 1937 Ge? OF 1936 READ THESE FREE BOOKS We ‘helped hundreds of inven- tors during 1936—perhaps we can help you now. If you have a use- ful invention, if you have a good idea in mind you should read these two free books—64 pages of FACTS for inventors. They an- swer your questions: What can be patented? How does the law protect me? What is my first step? How much will it cost? When can I wisely take steps to Inventive de. sell my invention? They answer velopment aj 2 these and many more. Receive trought to geidViattor 5 these facts. Mail the coupon to- light this year ive i $ is the famous VRESE a anan A Startling thy Cotton icker said to of seventy-f do th ba Then wid in any Vv e w ck and hen w one-sixth the pe ong hundred mene automobilo: À repne serves Sig Old revolutionary in “neil this prove ag during Aeronautical" Peg ena Uh as Eli Whi e€ cotton industry ye: Itney’s fa ome say it will, amous Diesel m f otors hay Sue Spread attention, : Shown ee rae dia 137 ae red by Diesel, The miles per honr, In- echibiene i Hill Diese} engine qobi Ba i year at New York Oe ow. Its designer Was fades » Pioneer in automobile you our Evidence of Invention form which T york will assist you in making a proper disclosure ED PATEN NTGTOR a New of your invention. These book -ts were pre- Recs TFICE: mes -B, woe oer i chica pared to answer the questions which from i MAISHINGTON: offic $2 1 5-Be Monan ag. as tta panci eo one aean we know the average inven- other uig, Emp rt Bt 8 Ta angel eywhel ane tor has in min ey tell you what to do, 9-8. y a ion” £ bran when and how to do it. We have endeavored i WB oS tent Prot att a by ony s to make them both informative and interest- = of your PO same oks = ing. They explain the purpose of the patent copies | a (Xote ice laws, how they protect an inventor, what | gend M Inen eure" factors to consider when selling an invention, Hon as isted above ae how to take steps to secure financial assis- a e gewit tance, and much more. There are many il- D E E e a lustrations, numerous interesting sidelights on Name eent parnana ats inventive history. We believe that you will cee een cagaste welcome this literature. There is no charge a No ennu j „State eet street an o or obligation. Simply mail the coupon on this page or if you prefer, write us with the ec ae understanding that all correspondence is abso- cee or TOWR ETT TT” lutely confidential. city When A~swering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 9

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pews|| [A including new methods, idees, solutions, plana, systems and inoney saving suggestions, An easy progreasive course for tho apprentice and student. A ractical daily helper and uick Reference for the master worker. urpentera every- where are wing these Guides na a Helping Hand to Easler Work, Better Work end Bet- ter Pay. To get this nssiat- ‘nce for yourself, simply fill be FREE COU- - . in_and mail the Inside Trade Information On: PON below. How to use the steel equare—How to file and set saws—How to build furniture—How_to use a mitre box—How to use the chalk line—How to use rules and scales—How to make joints—Carpenters arithmetic—Solving meneuration problems—Es- timating strength of timbers—How to set girders and silla—How to frame houses and roofs—How to estimate costs—How to build houses, barns, gar- ages, bungalows, ete.—How to read and draw plans—Drawing up specifications—How to ex- cavate—How to use settings 12, 13 and 17 on the steel square—How to build hoists and scaffolds— ekylighte—How to build staire—How to put on interior trim—How to hang doors—How to lath— lay floors—-How to paint SERRE RARE SPER ES ERR EO REESE RSE PER E SEE RS REERERA RRSP THEO. AUDEL & CO., 49 W. 23rd St., New York City Mail Audela Carpenters and Builders Guides, 4 vola., on 7 days’ free trial, If O.K. I will remit $1 in 7 days, and $1 menthly until $0 is paid. Otherwise I will return them- No obligation unlesa I am satisfied.

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Oceupalions. 6 iae ainda tie eave Sak ay cee A Bebe tem slang! A Aaa e eG wn ole Soe ESS References Ghost Ship Sails Arctic - - =- = >» = = 56 Performing Magic With Chemicals =- = © e 93 Strange Facts About Science - =- = e - 100 HOW-TO-BUILD FEATURES Smoking Set Turned From Colored Woods = 89 A Bob-Sled For Winter Sports Thrills- - - 90 A Modern Styled Typewriter Desk For The Workshop Fan - - - - = ~- = > ‘Make A Sportsman’s Pack Rack - = = = 99 Airplane Thrills With Airflow Ice Sled - - 102 Novelties In Wood- =- - = =- =- = = - 106 Two-Tube Set Tunes In The World - - - 110 Experimenting With A Reactance Coil - - 112 Make This Tin Can Amateur Photo Printer - 114 INTERESTING SCIENTIFIC ITEMS New Vacuum Tube May Aid Television Progress - - - - = - - - - - 4 Electric Eye Grades Milk - - - - - - 40 Ingenuity Wins Scholarship - - - - - - 41 Generates A Million Volts - - - - - - 49 Awarded Hoover Gold Medal 55 Astroglobe Aids Amateurs - - - - - - 62 Explosive Safe To Handle - - - - - - 63 Compact X-Ray Apparatus Aids German Industry - - - - = - - 66 Kodak Official Gets Medal - - - - - - 73 Transparent Telescope Model Shows Construction - - = = = = = = = 79 Diathermy Machine Regulates Heat Treatments - = =- > =- - =- = = 8 NEW MECHANICAL INVENTIONS Educators Organize Future Craftsmen of America - ~- - = = = = = = 39 Electric Vaporizer Devised - - = = =- - 39 Builds Mobile Welding Unit - - - - - 39 Erect Huge Cooling Tower - ~ - - - - 40 Lindbergh Flies New English Monoplane - 41 Exhibit 450 Train Models- - = - - - - 41 [Continued on page 14] 16 Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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To help you answer these > questions: “opportunities in | a ; 1 What are today’s Drafting? Will I like the "work? Can I learn Draft- "ing readily? Beginning Lessons in Drafting © Free Drafting Opportunities Growing Daily Before anything can be made or built, the Drafts- man first must draw it. Building trades, transportation, manufacturing — ALL depend on him, That is why any pickup in any line means first call for the Draftsman! Fit Yourself for a Job with a Future Drafting welcomes ambitious men — offers good pay to start, with splendid opportunities for promotion, One of the steadzest of alllines. Right from the start, the beginner works side by side with experienced men—inking in their drawings, making tracings, constantly profiting by his contact with seasoned engineers, The higher ups” see his work. If it is good, advancement is sure and steady. Pleasant, well-lighted offices are the Draftsman’s work- room. He keeps regular hours, with congenial, high grade fellow workers. The work is fascinating—embraces not just one line, but hundreds. Drafting Experience NOT Necessary ‘You can master Drafting readily by home study because you learn and advance exactly as professional Draftsmen work—with T-square, dividers and drawing board. Actual working conditions are duplicated to the final detail. Thou- sands of successful graduates enthusiastically endorse Amer- ican School methods, nowhere better exemplified than in our Drafting course. @ We want you tosee for yourself—before you come to ANY decision—exactly what Drafting is like. We want you to judge your own interest in the work—and our ability to teach you. So we make this 2 Free Lesson Offer. American School, Drexel Ave. at 58th St., Chicago, III. Prove That You Can Qualify The 2 lessons will be sent absolutely with- out obligation. In the privacy of your own room, look them over. See how simply you start —how gradually you are led step by step—how thoroughly you master each point—how, as time goes on, you can pass from a raw beginning to complete mastery of Drafting—able to get and holda pleasant, profitable, steadyjob. Such a future is well worth looking into RIGHT NOW, so... just mail the coupon! oe S ae is FER = tick ea: O ppsteamen | Wor ge? i Mal rials Bog MUS Drawing oe Rem Poossche Mail Coupon for P ple fk tele I American School, Dept. DD-228, I _ Drexel Ave, at 58th St., Chicago L Without theslightest obligation, send 2 beginning Draft- g 128 Lessons and free Bulletin, I am not to return them. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 2 Lessons FREE,

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DELAYS ARE DANGEROUS IN PATENT MATTERS The Free Book shown here was prepared for inventors, to show them exactly what steps they must take to secure a PATENT. ONCE. If you have an invention, you should send for this book AT It will tell you exactly how an application for a Patent is made, what information you must furnish your attorney, and what steps he must take in order to protect your interests. Re- member, inventing an article is one thing —securing the exclusive right to manu- facture it, use it, or sell it is another. Without a U. S. Patent, you cannot expect to reap the profits that your invention may make possible. Send at once for this book. After you get that, you'll know exactly what to do to protect yourself. WHAT A PATENT DOES FOR YOU Every year thousands of Patents are granted. Very few, however, represent the discovery of entirely new principles, Most of them provide new methods of do- ing some everyday thing in a better way —changes for greater efficiency, useful- ness, adaptability, or beauty in some pre- viously Patented thing. These IMPROVE- MENTS are Patentable if new, and ac- tually represent new inventions. These improvement Patents offer large chances for profit if commercially useful. The business world wants improved products and services, WE SERVE YOU QUICKLY AND SECRETLY Anything you write us or send us is strictly confidential between us. All letters and drawings are kept in strong, steel, fireproof files, which are open only to ourselves or authorized members of our staff. We have se- zation is a large and efficient one. Our practice is confined entirely to Patents, Trade-Marks, and Copyrights. We have had years of experience in Patent Matters. When you place your invention in our hands, we are in posi- tion to proceed at once to secure pro- tection for you. Our fees are reason- able, and, if you desire, we can arrange convenient terms of payment. IMPORTANT! Please understand that you are not under the slightest obligation in send- ing for this book. We will mail it, together with the Record of Invention form, the same day we receive your request. Use the coupon to save your- self time and trouble. After that, you ewill be in position to proceed or not as you choose, to make your application for a patent. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix cured patents for inventors located in bed ] every state in the Union. Our organi- = N How your Patent Ap- : / plication is made; r what kind of sketches / or drawings are nec- essary; .what other papers must be made out; how the Patent Laws protect you; why it is important to avoid loss of time in getting your application filed; and many other important points. Even a very simple in- vention, if new and useful, may prove very valuable. You may į; have much to gain and nothing to lose by sending for this book TODAY. E&E HYMAN BERMAN 317-T Adams Building WASHINGTON, D.C. REGISTERED PATENT ATTORNEYS BEFORE U.S. PATENT OFFICE e CJ Please send me at once your Big Free 48“Page Book, 8 E “patent Guide for the Inventor” and your Specially i i Prepared “Record of Invention” form. This request 8 n does not obligate me. - | I Li Li T NAMI neogotiedynidds ETET STEE TET EEEN TETEE ete nee I 1 E L] a LJ i 1 ADDRESS ........... ETEEN EE WETERE E EE eee cree ka A a 1 Li J { J A. pane eackeetnneaenenacewueasncacua se - ©

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Now YOU Can MAKE MONEY in ‘The World's Most CONTENTS—Continued from page 10 Fascinating Model Railway Used For Instruction - .- 47 Business h $ Activity’ ’— Barriers Reduce Accidents - - - - - - 47 Tailless Airplane Tested - - - - - - - 47 Claim 65 Miles Per Gallon For Diesel Truck 49 America’s Newest Speedboat - - - - - 49 Parisian Police Install Two-Way Radio - - 54 Bicycle Rickshaw Devised - - - - - - 54 TO the man or woman of moderate means ... a3 es well as to those who have unlimited finances... Hawaii Changes Road Signs- - - - - - 54 the mail order business, we believe, today offers a 7 5 greater opportunity for meking money ina fascinating, enjoyable Priest Develops Practical Psychogalvanometer 55 activity, than may be found in any other field of endeavor. l Shi Mail-order projects may be launched „on limited capital and Model Ship Has Real Crew - - - - - - 55 old, men and women e clerks. ookkeepers, office workers, es Obsolete Autos Utilized To Teach Safe Driving 57 hanice, a , housewives, merchants, man- * A Ufacturers, in gites, towns, rural districts forthe sale of all | Harpoon-Rifle Spears Fish - - - - - - 57 manner of products and services. ‘ ee eee i Mailot der nalea are booming . . more people baying by mail Highway Device Counts Cars , 57 . is means greater opportunities for quic: establishing. successful mail-order enterprises. We're bringing Einstein Invents Automatic Electric out tha most exhaustive. and most help nl course of inatruetion Eye Camera "E GD selling by mall. gives the real fundamentals o je 4 Email velling tells how to start and develop a mail-order business Swedish Railways Develop Mobile Power with smallest financial outlay from home or offiee in any city, town Plant 63 oF country district, Tt discusses every branch and department of ants Sf So FS Sf aS SS of the mail-order business. ‘ Bey sea che. as ILLUSTRATED DESCRIPTIVE BROCHURE SENT Free | Steam Traction Model Works 63 The compete 24-lesson, course is obtainable Tiny Aero-Radio Developed - - - - - 66 t te tis: ion-or-money~ à Pack basis and is described in fall detail Classes Held In R. R. Cars - - - - - - 66 ree all who 68! > + . . for fe Get ‘this freo brochure Lug Type Anti-Skid Device Aids Heavy earn wW. wonderful business of Trucks - - - - = - - = = - - 73 mail merchandising Scout Devises Steamboat - - - - - - 73 Address New Electric Cars Incorporate Unusual - Features - - - - - - - = - = B Snow Sleds Patrol Border - - - - - - 78 Building Has Glass Exterior - - - - - - 78 Devise Tiny Walking Radio - - - - - - 79 Transport Huge Ingot Mold - - - - - - 79 6 MAIL Blind Man Invents Novel Baseball Gameboard 84 ENTERPRISES Inc. Carrier Fastens By Suction - - - - - - 84 ’ 307 Ninth = Chester Bldg. | Traffic Marker Sprays Paint- - - - - - 84 CLEVELAND, OHIO Loading Device Aids Road-Rail Trailer ’ Handling - - - - - = - = = -~ 8 Wrestler Spars With Dummy - - - - - 85 = z Grades Oranges By Weight - - - - - - 85 Learn Profitable Profession Grass Cutter Aids Golfers - - - - - - 88 n 90 days at Home Phone Uses Light Sockets - - - - - - 88 Salarles of Men and Women In the fascinating pro- à fession of Swedish Massage ran as high as $40 to Reed Lareo incomes trom Dorlar Doroin ibni. Sacto ctaba ana private patienia gemo tg thore FOR THE WORKSHOP FAN ing alone offers rich rewards for special- Givenwithour course Wilata details 3 priational College ef Massage & å Timely Tips For Homemakers - - - =- - 94 sio = erapy, le 6i : * Avenue, Dept. 238 Chicago, Ill. Making Wood Shep Machine Pulleys - - - 105 Shears Make Powerful Wire Snips - - - 105 WX Ice Pick Supports Extension Light - - - 105 N À PAYS AGENTS Cap Protects Lathe Spindle Threads - - - 105 ; ; À i ane Man ses- =- ~ 109 UP 61500 '§ HAY! Electrical Test Panel Has y U = aae Clothes Pins Hold Cords - - - - - = -109 > Sensational earnings say for gf iamon gents. ynne made$16—Jamison $16 in one DEPARTMENTS day. Write today sure for amazing, big money plans. Now, anamazin o cords, no hose, no at- & : ? toe oes ee ee News Streamlined tachmentsto bother with. Solving The Readers’ Problems ; kb h 20 ei Å s a . . eh the conventeneesof Y] Works Like Magic! Random Chips From o ar s Workbenc a or electricity without the annoyances —and AT }4 THE COST. i i i =- Ends hot stove drudgery forever, Quick, regulate , uniform heat. \x Radio Sparks And Electrica Experiments Always ready. Burns 96 7% AIR—only 4% common kerosene (coal \ Amateur Photo Puzzlers - - - - ~- - - 116 oi). COSTS ONLY Ze to do the average family Fronin „Gleaming : n à m dditi 164 es han e earan i ge ae Ae. i HOME TRIAL: Write today for full particulars and 30-Day Trial Offers Nic Sprank s Science Oddities AKRON LAMP & MFG. CO., 884 Iron St., Akron, Ohio | New Business Ideas - - - - - - =- -170 14 Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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= AUTO MECHANICS Read What a Few in 8 | We eks / McSweeny-trained | REAL JOBS ARE OPEN for trained men. The auto- : > men have to say: mobile business has come back with a rush. Jobs are Works for the I. H. C. waiting everywhere—but only for the man who has had Been busy since I came back from your | Practical training. Get into the great, thriving automo- school. | am ki h for the Inter- i i school. l am working here for the Inter- | bile industry. Earn $35 to $75 a week. McSweeny fits I like It fine, Nothing like learning a good | you in just eight weeks to hold down a good high-pay ~Ardel Sims, Oklahoma City, Okla. job, or to open your own repair shop. Don’t look Pays Income Tax Now for a job—TRAIN for it! Just got through writing check for income tax. Hope to have a place af my own soon, Am happy, pleased with my job and have everything that could make a person con- tented. The money | spent at. your school was the best I ever Invested.—Lee Grant, Ravenna, 0. J. H. McSweeny Founder and President Now Has Steady Job Havo been working for the past 18 months In a garage. 1 don’t find any Job | can’t handle and | sure don’t regret what spent in your shops.—Hubert Erwine, Merlington, W. Va. Je - Actual Shop Training All actual shop training—not a correspondence course. All prac- tical work. Competent instructors tell you the “why” and show you the “how” of everything. Then you DO the job yourself, working with real tools on real equipment and machines. Com- plete rounded out training that makes you an experienced and wat practical mechanic. Read what a few trained McSweeny men Guaranteed Training have done. Hundreds of others can tell you similar facts. In Eloht weeks of" Intensive shop sealing, she eight short weeks, you are TRAINED, ready for a permanent ood pay. IY not satisfied, your tuition will job at Good Pay. Any man 16 to 50 can learn. Write today © refunded; for our Free Book and Low Tuition Offer. This blg Illustrated z eo gs a FREE Fook will be sent you Diesel, Aviation and Welding about Jobs and our Low Tultlon Offer. Mall Here are three important fields. Prepare now for opportunities coupon right now. that lie ahead. DETROIT, MICH. “"a75,7N¢°" KANSAS CITY, MO. “MAIL COUPON AT ONCE FOR FREE BOOK C Sv EE N | AUTO - DIESEL - AVIATION - WELDING McSweeny Auto and Aviation School Dept. 11-38, Detroit, Mich., or Kansas City, Mo. I Without cost or obligation, send me your Big FREE Book; also full information : about your Low Tuition Offer. B Name ..---------.------------------- 20-2 ne ee nee enn 3 Street ~---.-------4-------- ne nn ene en ee ene eee nee a A 8 a, EE EE E AE S AE a i RPEN RES T T nee TT E eS When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 15

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Electricity at nder ends i AUDELS NEW ELECTRIC LIBRARY—A progressive Home Study and Reference Course in applied electricity. Easy to understand. Ques- tions and answers plainly wrilten for a complete working knowledge of modern electrical practice, necessary to every electrician, engineer, Mechanic and student. LEARN THE AUDEL WAY! You ask the question—Audels New Elec- tric Library gives the answer—9500 simplified outlines, graphic illus- trations and precise explanations covering Construction, Operation and Machine Maintenance. z BOOK A MONTH PLAN—Order the volume that interests you--today! We will send that volume on 7 days’ free trial. If the book helps you, send us $1.50. If it does not help you, mail book back to us. On receipt of your first payment, we will send your second book. We allow 30 days to pay for this and for each following book until you complete the Series. ` If you are not satisfied, you may cancel your subscription at any time. ee ee ee ee eS e o e SGA Theo. Audel & Co., 49 W. 23rd St, New York City Mail Vol. I, Electric Library on 7 days’ free trial. If AODIG OG. ic, I will remit $1.50, Stherwise T will return it. I also request you to mail one book each month on (ol idel E same terms. No obligation unless I am satisfied. Name ...-- ENEE EERON 6 aleve ga wrayer ee eee! lee wie tee vewescene AddreSS cece cece e tee t eet teeter eee e eee eee) Decupation co.cc eee eee eee eee et eet eee ear eaneene M.M. THE WORLD'S FINEST RADIO CATALOG FREE! Paste the coupon on a penny post card TODAY! You will be amazed at the SAVINGS shown on the 156 pages of the LATEST 1937 Radio Catalog! Ten thous- and Bargains in Parts—Tubes—Testers = Kits — Tools. Custom Built Lafayette Radios at prices which cannot be beaten. Remember = WHOLESALE will not be underseld. Don’t wait! Clip the coupon and mail it right away! BUILD YOUR OWN! Build any of the circuits described in this magazine! We can supply parts for all of them. Write for free parts list. (MAIL THIS COUPON NOW T WHOLESALE RADIO SERVICE CO., Ine. Sa 901 W. Jackson Blvd. Chicago, Illinois Please RUSH me your BIG, FREE Radio a Catalog 65-B22. f Name ..essssoeroesvososescooesosen. f q @ Street ssiicie prises dees A ehendensed a D PLASTIC Ji RUBBER ~ Every, handy man needs So-Lo! Mends , holes in shoes, boots, galoshes, only lc a BOOTS:‘SHOES repair. , Fills cracks and worn places in everything of rubber, leather and cloth. WEARS—and won’t come off! : Spreads on Like Butter 2 . P . 0 0 Dries Tough Overnight Big 25c can conlains enough for 25 repairs! Bat- isfaction guaranteed or money back. ‘Tear oub this ad as a reminder to get So-Lo at Kresge's, Woolworth’s, Gamble’s, Grant’s, Green’s, Kress’, McLellan’s, McCrory’s, Morris’, Murphy’s, Neis- Ner’s, Newherry’s, Sears’, Ward's or at your nearest 10c or hardware store. Build YOUR OWN Wind Driven Light Plant from old auto generator, We show you how. Make money building for others. Light your buildings, play Tadio, operate washing machine and other motors. Dime brings complete plans and 1937 catalog. Over 50 other FREE changes for 6-12-32 and 110 volt plants. Satisfaction Lights guaranteed. Write today, LEJAY MANUFACTURING CO. 1414 W. Lake Street Minneapolis, Minn. No JOKE To BE DEAF ~Every deaf person knows that= Mr. Way made himself hear his watch tick after being deaf for twenty-five years, with his Arti- ficial Ear Drums. He wore them day and night. They stopped his head pa m noises. They are invisible Artifiotal Ear Drum andcomfortable.nowires or batteries. Write for Hi THE WAY COMPANY 741 Hofmann Bldg, Detroit, Michigan GOODBYEHOT BEDS & COLD FRAMES Keene portable, hot-water heated “Plant Starter” (home greenhouse) grows sturdier vegetable, flower plants weeks earlier... saves money... trouble. Get complete plans, heating system, heat control. (Oil Model) only $9.95... electric model, $2 extra. Write today for information, and prices on complete machines. KEENE MFG. COMPANY, Dept. 657-B, TRUE STORY. Also booklet on Deafness. Racine, Wisconsin BECOME A SUCCESSFUL ETECTIVE Earn Big Money—Travel or Work at Home. Train Yourself for Secret Investigation and Confidential Work by Our Easy Home-Study Methods. If You Are 17 or Over Write for Free Detective Paper and Interesting Literature. NATIONAL DETECTIVE SYSTEM Fremont, Nebraska RAISE RABBITS FOR US We Pay You Up To $5.00 Each. Also Put You in Touch with MARKETS EVERYWHERE. Large illustrated book and catalog, also copy of the AMERICAN RASBIT FARMER and monthly market bulletin showing names of buyers in various parts of America who continuously buy all rabbits offeredthem. Allfor10 cents. OUTDOOR ENTERPRISE CO., 113 Maln St., New City, N. Y. Dept. D 16 Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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To qualify for a good Diesel job you must receive training in an Institution that can offer you practical instruction, At National Schools you actually work on the latest equipment, including practically every approved make of Diesel engine. You get the kind of instruction that serves your every day needs in the Diesel field after you have graduated. It’s the "pe of training you can “cash in” on. You are trained under the direct, personal supervision of licensed Diese! Engineers. You learn Diesel aad gas engine operation, repair, trouble-shooting, theory, NATION Special Added Feature DIESEL ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION A new feature essential to the come plete training of Diesel experts, Completely covers power genera- tion. This extra course is now pres sented to all Diesel students withe out extra tuition. J M Ni i I ASY INA gee EASY-TO-LEARN MASTER TRAINING National Schools’ training is complete in every respect. Te includes all phases of Diese! engines, fuel injection, gaso- line, butane, propane and natural gas engines, also Auto- Diesel electrics, machine shop practice, batceries and other essentials chat must be learned in order to give you well rounded-out training. LEARN IN LOS ANGELES The most delightful place to learn—Los Angeles—the playground of America. Fascinating sucroundings. Your coach railroad fare will be allowed to Los Angeles from any point in the Uniced States, Partial Room, Diesel Engine Dept. EARN ROOM AND BOARD We help students obtain part-time jobs to earn room and board while learning, for residents of U. 8. This service only COUPON for NATIONAL SCHOOLS, Dept. 2-MMA 4000 So. Figueroa St., Los Angeles Send Free Diesel Book of Details,

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TRAIN NOW for QUICK SUCCESS in and GAS Engineering DIESE Raise Your Pay with “Job-Way” Say goodbye to lay-offs and low pay! Cash in on steady expansion of Auto industry and rapid rise of Diesel Power. Countless oppor- tunities for trained Service and Repair men — the type of skilled workers produced by “Job-Way” Training. LEARN AT HOME **Job-Way’’ alone gives combined Diesel and. Auto Training by practical Homa study and Betual Job work. Thon- r train! ex- clusive MLA. spare-time money plan, Service and Money Back Agreement. bas om mm am ms om an a a OD a a a MOTOR INSTITUTE OF AMERICA 4554 Broadway, Dept. BB-13, Chicago, Ellnols Without obligat]. 5 d free Auto-Diesel book with all details of "Job-Way” Training and Special Ozer. LEARN IN SPARE TIME EARN EXTRA $ MONEY $ GET FREE BOOK Ir nt big pay—quick —rush the coupon. for Fres Autos Diesel and full details of Pay-Aa- ou- Learn Plan, Free Employment Nab evasserennsenseneane arneneonsosen Address —. City AMATEUR CARTOONISTS WIN $25.00 Wanted—Amateurs with humorous ideas. No drawing ability necessary. The amateurs of today are the pro- fessional cartoonists of tomorrow. Ideas judged and prizes awarded by Applause-O-Meter test_ before movie audiences. Everyone has an equal chance. 26 cash prizes in all. Rush name on post card for ‘‘Valuable Tips on How to Make Money With Simple Cartoons and Humorous Ideas.” Cash Prize Entry Blank and Rules—SEND NO MONEY. CARTOONISTS’ EXCHANGE, Dept. 352-A, Pleasant HIII, Ohio " REDUCED =v WAIST 8 INCHES“ y eani genae andhelp as reduced m ight from, Teor pounds.” Why don’t YOU Test the Weil Belt at Our Expense? Experiences of thousands of men justify us in making you this unqualified agreement: If you do not REDUCE your WAIST 3 INCHES IN 10 DAYS e e o it will cost you nothing! @ You will appear many inches slimmer at once and wil be completely comfortable as massage-like action and gentle pressure persistently eliminate fat with every move! The Weil Bele gives an erect, athletic cafriage...supPorts abdominal walls... keeps digestive organsin place, and with loss of fat comes increased endurance. @ Simply write name and address on postcard and we will send you illustrated folder and full ; details of our 10 DAY FREE TRIAL OFFER! THE WEIL COMPANY, 992, Hill St., New Haven, Cono, NO DRUGS, SEND FOR 10 DAY FREE TRIAL OFFER 18 _ Accept No Substitutes! PAINT SPRAY UNIT only *5% Suction feed gun, nozzle ‘fine round shading spray to full round. Handles paint, tarnish, lacquer, ete. For moth- Proofing, etc. Paints anything. Fine for “hard to get at places’. Uses \% H.P. motor which is not included, Complete with clean alr compressor, 8 ft. air hose, tire chuck, spray gun and all mounting only $5.95. Send only Others up to $1.00. Bal. C. $19.00 complete. STRIPE YOUR OWN CAR with a ROLL-A-STRIPE. Save the price of your striping job and earn money doing others. Special knurled roller, dependable gauge. Uses aint, lacquer, enamel, varnish or heavy ink. Stripe signs, furniture, models, 0. D. te. Send for one today. Postpaid MODCRAFT INDUSTRIES, Dept, D-22,29098 N; Nordica Ave., WORLD’S SMALLEST LOUDSPEAKER RADIO dust a handful—Wet. only 11% lbs. Size only 312x5x212. Has two multi-purpose hi-gain tubes, hl-eficiency coil and precision parts.— BUILT IN AERIAL! Midget BUILT IN Speaker operates with beautiful clear tone and clarity on all stations on broadcast band and ALSO police ls! Actual four- tube performance with real distance and Bunch for so tiny a radio. ALL ELECTRIC (Battery model available). Easily carried in a large pocket or tucked in Suitcase. Ideal second or personal radio. > 4 Colors to match any room—beautifully fi Á NADI ene ceive ished breakproof cabinets. Only hi-grade parts used—a truly trouble roof midget. Late improvements. Users report wonderful reception ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD. Uses 110 volt AC or DC current—an: cycle. Kit of parts with tubes and diagram, $6.48, COMPLETELY WIRED and factory checked, 50c extra or $6.98 as shown. Send only $2.00—pay tman balance, Quaranteed to operate anywher ‘olor White, Black, ‘Brown, Blue, Green, (Bat ery model same as above _come plete with self-contained batteries same price). ORDER TINYTONE RADIO CO. Kearney, Nebraska MAN IN EACH TOWN To Plate Auto Parts, Reflectors, Bathroom Fixtures, Refinish Beds, Mirrors, Chandeliers, by late method, Experience unnecessary. Simple plan of manufac- turing at home starts you in big money making busi- ness. Free particulars and proofs. Write today. GUNMETAL Co. Ave. P Decatur, IH. 1000 BARGAINS AGENTS UNDERSELL STORES Clothing, Dry Goods, Shoes, Notions, School Supplies, Nove elties, Punch Boards, Razor Blades, Drug Sundries, Cos metics, Perfumes, Food Products, Soaps, Carded Goods, Specialties, etc. Big Illustrated Catalog FREE, RELIABLE JOBBERS Dept. 213, 930 W. Roosevelt Rd. Dept. M-2, Chicago BRING YOUR RADIO UPTO DATE D-A-TUBE Get Rid of Static, Dis- tortion, Strong Local Interference. A “New Radio” For Only . 2. - += «+ «= = 2 © Š Tune out strong local stations . . tune in Los Angeles, Can- ada, Mexico! Increase selec- tivity, improve tone, cut out static, distortion, interference, with amazing new ADD-. TUBE. Uses no extra current, fits any radio, electric or bat- tery, works on inside or outside aerial, all waves. Anyone can install in few minutes, GUARAN- TEED! Use 5 days. If not delighted, return Within 10 days from date shipped and your dollar will be refunded instantly! R-E Engineers, Dept. L-484, Marburg Ave. & B. & 0. R. R., Clncinnatl, Ohio Send No Money! Pay nothing now. Just send name and address on postcard, Pay post- man only &1 plus few cents postage on delivery. Send your order today! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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@ Opportunity will pass you— unless you are prepared to stop it. Knowledge — training — education — facts, whatever you choose to call personal power, is the real thing with which to capture passing oppore tunities or create opportunities. Acquire this personal power in your spare time. Mail this coupon and learn what an I.C.S. Course can mean to you. Why not do it right now? INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS BOX 2323-K, SCRANTON, PENNA. * Without cost or obligation, please send me a copy of your booklet, “Who Wins and * Why,” and full particulars about the subject before which I have marked X: TECHNICAL AND INDUSTRIAL GOURSES D Architect D Architectural Draftaman O Building Estimating O Contractor and Builder Q Structural Draftsman OD Structural Engineer O Management of Inventions O Electrical Engineer D Electric Lighting O Welding, Electric and Gas D Reading Shop Blueprints D Heat Treatment of Metala O Business Management O Industrial Management © Trafic Management D Accountancy O Cost Accountant OC. P. Accountant O Home Dressmaking O.Sheet Metal Worker O Boilermaker O Telegraph Engineer O Telephone Work D Radio O Mechanical Engineering O Mechanical Draftsman O Machinist O Toolmaker O Patternmaker O Diesel Engines D Aviation Engines O Automobile Mechanic DO Refrigeration O Plumbing O Heating O Air Conditioning O Steam Engineer O Steam Electric Engineer O Marine Engineer U R. R. Locomotives O R. R. Section Foreman O Air Brakes [O R. R. Signalmen O Highway Engineering O Civil Engineering O Surveying snd Mapping O Steam Fitting D Ventilation BUSINESS TRAINING COURSES O Bookkeeping O Secretarial Work O Spanish O French O Salesmenship D Advertising O Service Station Salesmanship O First Year College Subjects O Business Correspondence D Stenography and Typing D Civil Service | O Mail Carrier O Railway Mail Clerk DOMESTIC SCIENCE COURSES O Advanced Dressmaking O Professional Dressmaking and Designing Name.. D Millinery O Bridge Engineer O Bridge and Building Foreman O Chemistry O Pharmacy O Coal Mining D Mine Foreman O Navigation O Cotton Manufacturing D Woolen Manufacturing O Agriculture QO Fruit Growing O Poultry Farming DO Fire Bosses O Grade School Subjects O High School Subjects O College Preparatory O Illustrating O Cartooning O Lettering Show Cards O Signs O Foods and Cookery O Tes Room and Cafeteria Management, Catering Address... .. Present Position.. Pe ce Schools Canadia d, Montreal, Canad When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix

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EDITORS ANSWER READERS QUERIES MOTORCYCLE ENGINE FOR A BOAT I would like to know if it is possible to use a 200-pound motorcycle engine in a 14-foot flat bottom boat of all-metal construction?—Floyd E. Fecke, Bonfield, Illinois, We never advise the use of a heavy inboard motor to power a flat bottom rowboat unless the boat’s displacement is sufficient to stand the added weight. Your 14-foot craft may be large enough to use an engine of the type you men- tion, but then there is the problem of cooling it. Since the craft would travel at a comparatively slow speed the motor would soon overheat. Copper coils wound around the cylinder vanes and connected to a water pump might solve the problem, but the method is too uncertain for us to sug- gest its use, REFINISHING A WALNUT TABLE We have an old walnut table which we wish to refinish. At the present time it is painted with an ancient black enamel which is badly worn. Can you suggest a way in which we can remove the old paint and apply a natural finish to the table?—E. M. Doane, South Bend, Indiana. The first thing necessary in the refinishing process is, of course, the removal of the old paint. Any good paint re- mover can be used for this simply by following the instruc- tions on the package. If paint remover is not available household lye can be used equally well by referring to the directions on the container. After all paint has been re- moved the table should be examined for worm holes, chips and other damage marks. Fill up cracks and chipped places with synthetic wood filler and allow time for it to dry thoroughly. Next, sand down the surface of the table until it is per- fectly smooth and apply a coat of dark walnut stain to bring out the grain in the wood. If one coat is not sufficient apply a second. When dry sand smooth with fine sandpaper and follow with a coat of clear shellac or varnish. Rub down the shellac with rotten stone and light lubricating oil until the surface is glass-smooth. Apply a final coat of shellac or varnish, spreading it on carefully, and the table refinishing is completed. USING DYNAMIC SPEAKER IN SET I have an electric radio receiver which is about seven years old, yet still works quite well except for the speaker which is an old magnetic type. What I wish to know is whether or not I can replace this speaker with a modern dynamic type so as to secure improved tone quality.—John Pritchard, Toronto, Ontario. 20 If you wish to replace the present speaker with a dynamic type we would advise the use of the new permanent dynamic speaker due to the simplicity of its installation. To connect the permanent dynamic speaker simply remove the old speaker connections from the set and connect the new. Since no field current from the power supply is needed for the new speaker it is suggested in preference to the usual dynamic speaker which requires at least 90 volts of B cur- Tent to excite its field. FLYING HOME-BUILT AIRCRAFT WITHOUT LICENSE In what states can an airplane be flown without a li- cense? I have heard that in Oregon and West Virginia anyone can fly any kind of plane, even a home-built type. Is this an actual fact or just a rumor? I thought that all planes had to be licensed by the Government and inspected by them, too—K. C. Tate, Portland, Me. Unless the States of West Virginia and Oregon have changed their Jaws regarding the flying of heavier-than-air craft it is still permissible to Ay any kind of plane in those states without having the plane licensed. In all other states planes must be inspected by Department of Commerce or State Aeronautical Inspectors before they are allowed to take to the air. For full details regarding the regulations concerning the flying of planes write to the Bureau of Air Commerce, Washington, D. C., for the free bulletin, “License Requirements for Pilots and Aircraft.” ATTACHING A TRAILER TO AUTO’S BUMPER Can you advise whether or not it is against the law to attach a trailer to the rear bumper of a car or must a Special trailer coupling be used which attaches to the body of the car?—Lester P. Jackson, Dayton, Ohio. In some states only light delivery trailers may be at- tached to the rear bumper of a car and then only when a substantial type of trailer hitch is used, In most states it is against the law to attach a cabin or house trailer to a car bumper. On large trailers the hitch must bé connected to some part of the car’s chassis. A pair of safety chains are also required on house trailers in addition to the ap- proved hitch to prevent the trailer running away should the hitch accidentally break. (Editors Note: Your questions will be answered per- sonally and free of charge by MM experts provided they do not require special research oy involve trade secrets. Names and addresses of manufacturers of new products described in this issue can also be obtained free upon request. Enclose a self-addressed and stamped envelope for reply. Address: Problems Editor, Modern Mechanix Publishing Co., Greenwich, Conn.)

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Il bet real mo Easy as A-B-C Tf you can read the alphabet you can learn to play your favorite instrument in just a few months. ney you can learn to play _ ths easy fascinating way y ES I mean actually play real music—classical numbers or jazz—so that you'll be able to en- tertain your friends—to be popular everywhere. And whats more, you wont need a private teacher. You'll learn all by yourself—right in your own home. And best of all the cost is only a small fraction of what it used to cost by old- fashioned methods, Why am I so sure? Simply because more than 700,000 other men and women, boys and girls—no more clev- er—no more gifted than you—have studied music by this modern system. No Special Talent Required Learning to play this U. S. School of Music way is easy as A-B-C. Piano Violin Organ Cornet Trombone Piccolo Flute PICK YOUR INSTRUMENT You learn to play from real notes— the same as those used by accomplished musicians. And with this shortcut system you have the fun of playing real tunes— right from the very beginning. And almost before you realize it you are able to pick up any piece of music and play it. Clear as Crystal The best part of it all is that it is so simple—-so crystal clear—so easy to understand. It’s all right before you in print and pictures. First you are . told how to do a thing. Then a picture shows you how to do it. Then you actually do it your- self and hear it. It's fascinating fun, too— practicing becomes a real interesting pastime instead of a wearisome task. Free Demonstra- Guitar Saxophone Mandolin Ukulele Harp Clarinet "Cello No special talent is re- guired—no previous mu- sical training. If you can whistle a tune you can learn to play by this simple method—quicker than you ever dreamed possible. ‘There’s noth- ing tricky about it—no complicated theories— nothing to memorize. Hawaiian Steel Guitar Trumpet Piano Accordion Italian and German Accordion Voice and Speech Culture Harmony and Composition Drums and Traps (Plectrum, 5-String or Tenor) Banjo tion Lesson So that you may see for yourself how easy, how pleasant it is to learn by this modern, simplified method, the U. &. School of Music has prepared an Illus- trated Booklet and tvpi- cal Demonstration Les- son which are yours for the asking. They explain fully the principles of this remarkable method and how it enables you to become a popular musician in a surprisingly short time, at a cost of only a few cents a day. If. you are really serious about want- ing to learn music—if you honestly want to become popular—to have the pleasure of entertaining your friends —take this first step today—send . for this Free Booklet and Free Demonstra- tion Lesson. Don’t put it off. Mail the coupon below and they will be sent to you promptly. No obligation. Instru- ments supplied where needed, cash or credit. U. S. School of Music, 2622 Brunswick Building, New York City. U. S. SCHOOL OF MUSIC 2622 Brunswick Bldg., N. Y. C. Please send me your free book, “How You Can Master Music in Your Own Home,” with inspiring message by Dr. Frank Crane, Free Demonstration Les- son and particulars of your easy pay- ment plan. I am interested in the fol- lowing course: Have you sesserecserseLMStPUMeNt P areceoneee Address w.isesssereee Paape PR E ORE eantnaves When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechaniz 21

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A TROOS SELL UP TO $5 PER DOZEN! A New Industry! Millions used yearly! Good Market. Prices steady. Pleasant, FREE outdoor work. Easy to ship to any part of the country. Nation-wide market at your command, A SMALL POND is all you need for five pairs of “Nufond Giant” breeders. Expand with the increase. WE BUY! As orlginators of Canned Frog Legs, we are developing one of the world’s largest trog markets. In addition to other markets, frog raisers can also ship to us. MEN AND WOMEN! Investigate this interesting, new work. See for yourself what others are already doing. Send for our illustrated, FREE book explaining our offer in detail. Write AMERICAN FROG CANNING CO. Dept. 119-B New Orleans, La. NUFOND GIANTS WEIGH UP TO 3 LBS. EACH Easy Terms Only 10c a Day Save over % on ell standard office models. Also portables al reduced prices. SEND NO MONEY All tate modela completely refinished Like brand new. FULLY GUARANTEED. : / Big free entalog shows actual machines à day in Full colore. “Lowest prices, Bend at once. ludod. Free course In typing Include 231 W.,Menroe Ste International Typewriter Exch., bert 265, Chicago 4 | of extra cost X —s end the @ coupon for details of our amazing new plan. It tells you how to get a big as- sortment of beautiful gifts that you can paint. fascinating , profitable as a proffession or hobby. Biq demand for photo-colourists Anyone can learn at home by our method. No previous training necessary. Send stamp for Compete Free Ourrit offer and details ` MODART STVEIOS P.O. BOX 607 TRENTON, N.J. This ic Box Turns Spare Time Into Money/ WE show you how and give you and show you how. ‘You ean join now on the complete outfit illustrated the easiest plan ever offered. Coupon above. Also Free Idea Book which brings full details, . has started hundreds making easy FREE Book on Decoration money! Mrs. H. I, Illinois, says Mail thẹ coupon NOW for the 3 beautiful n book li a made $100.00 mae Mrs. decoration and money making. i . K., Virginia—“My sales were aeoo ha plan Tor. $500.00 for 5 weeks.” R. M. P., at once Sil ako be im Illinois—"T did $3,500 worth of ¢luded. „Do this now business Jast year and over $12,000 openings for new worth this year.” A real desire to members: make money is all you need tọ make a FIRESIDE big success at Fireside work—No tire- Dept. 142-B some study—You learn by doing. It is Adrian, fun decorating beautiful gifts and furni- Mich. ture. You make good money practically from the start. Qur FREE book tells you how. Send for it. No Exverience Needed You need no experience to succeed Address 2... cece ccc n cee aa at Fireside work and make ex- cellent money. We help you FIRESIDE INDUSTRIES Dept. 142-8, Adrian, Mich. Send FREE book and details of your new plan. Alsa how to get the big Artist's outfit. we Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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and T'U Give Yo I Can Make YOU aNEWMAN! No Other Physical Instructor in the World Has Ever DARED Make Such An Offer! Ai I want is a chance to give you PROOF— in just 7 days, and right in your own home— that I can give YOU the mighty muscles and boundless energy you want! Right in the first week under my guidance you will see and feel the improve- ment! Then as my weekly in- structions arrive in your home you continue to rebuild, renew and “overhaul” your body. By the end of three months you have a powerful bedy that you will be proud to display. People will notice the ruddy glow of health in your face, the sparkle in your clear eyes, your broad shoulders, arid they will seek your company. You will be the fellow whowalks off with the prettiest girl and hest job while others wonder how you did it! S WIN THIS STERLING SILVER CUP BEING GIVEN AWAY BY Clists lilt Holder of Title ‘‘World’s Most Perfectly Developed Man” This valuable cup. made of FOREARM io solid sterling silver, stands about 14 inches high on a black mahogany base. I will award it to my pupil who makes the most improvement an his development within the next three months. Get my Free book by mail- ing coupon below! CHEST NATURAL | GET MY FREE BOOK Write your name and address carefully on- the coupon below. I'll send you, absolutely free, 2 copy of my new book, “Everlasting Health and Strength.” It reveals the secrets that changed me from a 97- pound flat-chested weakling into a husky fellow who twice won the title of “The World’s Most Perfectly Developed Man” against all comers! ` And it shows how I can build you into an “Atlas Champion” the same way. ARE YOU UNDERWEIGHT? Tli add pounds of muscles where they are needed! Are you fat in spots? I'll show you how to pare down to fighting trim. And with the big muscles and powerful evenly-dereloped body that my Dynamic- | NOTE: Tension method so quickly gives you, I'l. alsa | This is give you through-and-through health—health | the latest that digs down into your system and hanishes | Photo of constipation, pimples, skin blotches and simi- | Charles lay conditions that rob you of the good things | A tl as of life. showing 48-PAGE BOOK t tells you all about my Dynamic- Tenon method, and how it has made big muscled men out of run-down specimens. It shows you, from actual photos, how I have developed my pupils to the same perfectly balanced propor~ tions of my own physique. What my system did for me and hundreds of others it can do for you too. Don’t keep on being only half the man you CAN be! Find out what I can do for you, CA There shall I send your copy of LE Teer esting Health and Strength?’’ 7 Put your name and address on the coupon, oF a osteard, Mall at today, ast 2: Sur "New Y rk, N. Y and pep that win the admiration of how he I PVE GOT NO USE FOR |25 tus WEIGHT i CHARLES AILAS, Dept SP. t Ny CONTRAPTIONS is not a 178 LBS. a 115 East 23rd Street, Ne IN. T. I haven't any need for contraptions that a EF E I want the proof that, your, system of Dyno: may "rain your heart ma other vital organs. | put an i ee will make P ae ele ‘Jetdlonnienl on't dose you or doctor you. ynamic- : ealthy, husky big muscle i Tension 1s all I need. It’s my natural tested E eT HEIGHT a Send me your free book, “Everlasting Health and method for developing real men inside and ST [5 FT. 10 1N. 1 Strength? out. It distributes added pounds of powerful L 52an-Snot. 1 Muscles over your body, gets rid of surplus Ix fat. and gives you the vitality, strength i Name sserrrrrrirsyaranrrs:a A EEAS E ET every woman, the respect of any man. n A T FREE 1 Get my free book, | “Beerlasting if GE E Address ....0ecc eee e cece tree er tee ee enes dees. te Health and Strength!” Mail my cou- BOOK NOW... i pon today. Gamble a stamp to prove l ; : I can make YOU a new man! b city. ccceeccecceeceeeeecersonee BAOren rone When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechama 23

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START $1260 to $2100 YEAR Many 1937 Appointments Common Education Usually Sufficient Influence Not Needed City Mail Carriers, City Post Office Clerks Clerks and carriers now get $1,700 the first year regular and automatically increase $100 a year to $2,100 and $2,300. Open to men—women, 18 to 45. Railway Postal Clerks Railway Postal Clerks get $1,900 the first year regular, being paid on the first and fifteenth of each month. ($79.17 each pay day.) Their pay is automatically increased yearly to $2,450. Advance mar be had to Chief Clerk at $2,700 a year. ($112.50 each pay day.) Open to men, 18 to 35. Customs Inspector Salary $2,100 to start. Men 23 to 45. Work connected with examining baggage and merchandise entering the foreign parts covering boats, trains, roads, automobiles, ete. File Clerk—Clerk Open to Men—Women 18 to 50. Entrance salary $1260—$14!1 Year. Appointments as File Clerks and Clerks in the Departments at Washington, D. C., are made from this examination, New Social Security Laws may mean thousands appointments. Many Other Positions Experience is usually unnecessary. Let us show you how to get a government job. Free List of Positions foe out the following coupon. Tear it off and mail it today—now, at once. g aoe investment may result in your getling a big-paid government job. s FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, Dept, T261, Rochester, N. Y. Gentlemen: Rush to me, FREE of charge, list of U. S. Govern- ment hig pay jobs. Send me FREE 32-page book describlng salaries, vacations, hours, work, and full particulars on how to get one of these jobs, 24 Accept No Substitutes! country from ; MIGHTY MIDGET TUBE RADIO CAN BE CARRIED WITH YOU! Beautiful Clear Loud Tone Direct From Pocket Radio. Fits pocket easily, All one unit—just like the big bets, bat this LIGHTWEIGHT Radio measures only § in. E372 in. Take it with you —listen to music, sports, radio entertainment. Easy, To Use— Works tmmediate No Electrical Connections Required! Beautifulreception and tone. Accurately made, precisely assembled, nigdly tested, assurea excellent performance. Simplified, centralized Alri atest DTe TIEA tuning. Tunes broadcast band. Comes complete with phone in set, with easy instructiopa, read to listen, in hotels, campe, office, boats, home, picnics, beds, etc. and take it wi Ree while traveling, ip Sı cycle, etc. G ARANTEED.. Nothing to adjust, o difficult hook-ups. Beautiful walnut color and modernistic design. SEND NO MONEY! Play the Mighty Midget Tube Radio as soon as you get ei et yours today. Pay postman on arrival only $3.49 and a few cents postage. Inkes.an impressive gift. Amaze vour frienda, LITTLE GIANT RADIO CO., 3959 Lincoln Ave., Dept. 604, Chicago, IIl. NEW SCIENTIFIC WONDER 9S URIS wb TN yy Xp; 3for 25e “Silver Oniy” BOYS BIG FUN. You apparently see thru Clothes, Wood, Stone, any object. See Bones in Flesh. FREE PKG. radio picture films, takes pictures without camera. ‘“‘You'sl tike em.” { pkg. with each 25c order. MARVEL MFG. CO., Dept. 88, NEW HAVEN, CONN. LIGHTS ITSELF gua SELLS ITSELF & Blow Self Starting Lighter Out This New scientific marvel amazes everyone. LOGICAL SUCCESSOR TO THE FLINT LIGHTER. No flint- no frictlon—a brand new ignition principle. Every demonstratlon a sale. Retail at 35c. Sample nickel plated with money-making sales plan 25¢. Gold, silver or “chromium plated sample 75c. AGENTS—Get details on this money-maker, NEW METHOD MFG. CO. Box M-50, New Method Bldg., Bradford, Pa, BE SUCCESSFUL Read Invention & Finance—it’s your chance to make money. Year subscription 60c entered upon promise to pay on receipt of first copy. Place your order by cutting out and mailing this advertisement. . INVENTION & FINANCE MAGAZINE 80-H WALL ST., NEW YORK, N. Y. Ww THOOT] GLASSES: The NATURAL EYESIGHT SYSTEM Gives Your Eyes a New Deal If you wear glasses, or think you should, our FOUR MONTHS’ TRIAL OFFER—containing the inspiring story of glasses discarded for Nearsight, Farsight, Astigma- tism, Old Age Sight, Eyestrain, Weak Eyes, Eye Muscle Trouble, Ete., as told by USERS AT HOME of this Revolutionary System—will be mailed FREE upon request. NATURAL EYESIGHT INSTITUTE, INC. Dept. 72-B Los Angeles, Calif. Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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TRAIN now R-T-I Advisory Board of lead- ing Radio Engineers in regular conference with members of Stat. Big Money in Police Radio Student W. H. Carr; 402 N. 16th 5t., Kane aas City, Kansas, has ebarge of 35 radio equipped police and fire department cars. Earns $230.00 a month, plus free automobile, oil, gas, etc. Gives R-T-I credit for hia success. Makes $600 in One ont! Herbort B. Thomeon, rman, Texas, former oil well driller, bor- rowed $170 to start own radio shop now worth $3,500, Made as high as 3450 in one month. Says, “It pays to be R-T-I trained.” Starting Salary in io Most Money Ever Earned Harold Apley, 2639 Brookside, Indianap- olis, made $30 extra weekly in spare time radio work then went to work for big firm starting with bigger pay than he ever earned before. Says, “Glad to recommend R-T-I.” RADIO AND TELEVISION INSTITUTE PRACTICAL SHOP TRAINING FOR THE HOME Dept. 32 Learn to EARN up to +75 Wechl, lean . . Trained Men Needed in All Branches It you're dissatisfied with small pey—lay-offs and an uncertain Zuture—here’s an opportunity that’s too food to miss, At the cost of only the time it takes you to mail the coupon, you can get my big FREE book, “RADIO'S FUTURE AND YOUR OPPO TÜN Y.” This book tells how you can learn at home under the supervision of factory engineers, to make more money almost at once in Radlo—whether you want to make Radio your llfe's Work, or use it to pick up an extra $5 to $20 & week in your Spare ie. More Opportunities Than Ever Before Radio is still forging ahead. 1936 beats all other years. Over 6 million new sets sold. Over 30 million dollars paid for service alone this year. Where only 2 few hundred men were employed 3 short time ago, thousands are employed today. And where a hundred jobs paid up to $75 a week—there are thousands of such jobs today—many paying even more. And new jobs are being created all the tine—full time Jobs and spare time jobs. Get my pook and see how easy it is to learn at home for this good-pay work. “Shop Training” for the Home R-T-I Training is different than any training you ever heard about. It comes to you right from the heart of the Radio Industry —right out of the factories where Radio sets and other vacuum- tube devices are made. It was planned and prepared and is super- vised by big radio engineers IN these factorles—by men appolnted for the purpose. This means that trained the R-T-I way, you'll be trained as the Radio Industry wants you trained—)ust as the Radio Industry, itself, would train you if it was doing the job. Television, Photo Electric Cells, Public Address Systems Included Radio service work is only the starting point In R-T-I_ Training. From there it will take you through the whole field of Radio and Electronics. You will learn about every new development, in- cluding Television, so you'll be ready when Television breaks. You'll also learn the big money subjects such as Aviation and Auto Radio; Public Address Systems; how to handle Photo Cells; Sound Picture Recording, Etc. 4 Working Outfits Furnished Start almost at once doing part time radio work. I furnish 4 out- fits of apparatus that you build into test equipment with which ‘ou can do actual jobs and earn extra money. y Training pays ts own way and you get your money back if not satisfied. Age or Lack of Experience No Handicap You don't have to be a high school graduate, nor even have finished the grades. My Training is so simple, easy, and practical, that the average man, regardless of age, education, or previous experlence can master it. It offers the chance you bave wanted to et out of a small-pay, no-future job, into good pay work with 2 ‘uture, in Radilo and ail its branches. Get My Free Book INVESTIGATE! Learn why R-T-I Tralning is different. Find out why R-T-I Trained men get_‘ Quick ults” and "Big Results.” Send for your copy of “Radio's Future and Your Op- portunity” today. It tells you about Redlo’s amazing Onpor- tunities. It describes my approved training. It tells what R. T. L students are doing and making. It glves the names of my Advisory Board and 50 endorsing manufacturers, It's FREE. Clip, sign and mail coupon RIGHT NOW! RAY D. SMITH, President ° 2150 Lawrence Avenue e CHICAGO When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February R TO P JOBS Je, Mail Coupon formy FREE BOOK that shows how Factory Engineers will Prepare You at home: For Good Pay Spare Time or Full Time Radio Jobs Ray D. Smith, President R-T-1, who has hel more than 100,000 men suce These Engineers Supervise Your Tralning Kendall Clough, Chief Engineer, Clough-Brengle E. E. Gramer, Chief Engineer, Standard Trans- former Corp. Eal E. Hassel, Chief Engineer, Zenith Radio TD. F. H. Schnell, Radio Engineer, General House- hold Utilities (Grunow). Dr. C. M. Blackburn, Asst. Factory Mngr.; P. R. Mallory & Co., Mira. of Radio Apparatus. Endorsed by 50 Radio Concerns AMERICAN TELEVISION ARCTURUS TUBES CLOUGH-BRENGLE CROSLEY e DeFOREST o HAMMARLUND eœ HOWARD MAJESTIC e PHILCO STEWART-WARNER SILVER-MARSHALL STANDARD TRANSFORMER STROMBERG-CARLSON ZENITH —and Others MAIL FOR FREE BOOK || FADA Ray D. Smith, President, RADIO AND TELEVISION INSTITUTE 2150 Lawrence Ave., Dept. 32, Chicago, III. Without obligation, send me a copy of “Radio's Future and Your Opportunity. I am interested in your training and the opportunities in the great field of Radio for the R-T-I Trained Man. Address sessseres Modern Mechanix

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™* Diesel KE SONA; Beginning Lessons in Diesel Engineering Diesel—The New, Fast-Growing Power Diesel engines — because of their high efficiency, đe- pendability, and economy of operation—are fast replacin, steam and gasoline enginesin power plants, motor trucks an busses, locomotives and ships, aircraft, dredges, drills, pumps, etc. —opening up an increasing number of well-paid jobs for Diesel- tralned men. The field of Dlesel Engineering is on the upgrade and continually expanding. Itwill providesteady employment, advance- ment and good pay for those properly trained in this new industry. What This New Field Offers You Now is your chance to getinto a big new industry and ow up with it to an important position, Today there is prac- ically no competition in the Diesel field, but the increasing use of Diesel engines will result in keen competition for Jobs in the near future. By starting your training now, you can keep ahead of such competition. American School, Dept. D-228, Turn Your Spare T Engineer Drexel at 58th Street, Chicago, Illinois Is Your Job Safe? Just as the gasoline engine changed or wiped out the jobs of thousands who depended on horse-drawn vehicles for theirliving—justaselectricity changed the entire set-up in the fields of light and power— so now the Diesel engine is fast invading both the power and transportation fields, and threatening the present jobs of thousands of workers. If jobs in your line are stead- ily growing scarcer, you owe it to yourself to investigate this new, progressive, uncrowded line, that in our opinion will offer good openings for the next 25 years. Free You get complete information on all the latest Diesel develop- ments—two- and four-stroke cycles; low- and high-speed and heavy duty types; Diesel-electric generating systems, ete.—in our course. Includes all text, material—with special diagrams for quick understanding of this new power. Get 2 Lessons FREE to Prove Your Own Possibilities in Diesel Can youlearn Diesel? We want to give the opportu- nity of finding out. So, withoutcostorobligation on your part, we will send you 2 beginning lessons, in the quiet of your.own home, look them over. See how clearly all is explained—how thoroughly you grasp every polut—how definitely you progress step by step—so that your knowledge of Diesel grows constantly. Making this simple trial may be the turning point in your llfe— Bo write to us TODAY! ime into Dollars RADIO EN G i N EER I N G broadcasting, aviation and . 7 police radia, servicing, marine radio telegraphy and telephony, Morse telegraphy and rail- way acoounting taught thoroughly. Engineering course of nine months’ duration equivalent to three years of college radio work, School est. 1874, All expenses low. Catalog free. DODGE’S INSTITUTE Fern St. Valparaiso, Indiana NOBOSS! SURE CASH! START OWN BUSINESS Replating tableware, reflectors. Making Chipped Glass Signs. Combination outfit furnished. Resilvering mirrors. Refinishing chandeliers. Experience unnecessary. Write—SPRINKLE, Plater, 855, Marion, Indiana. ,RADIO EXPERT=47ifome Be the ONE Man in 1000 Who Can Service Modern Sets! Modern circuits stump the old-time cut-and- More puzzling complications are Trained men with up-to-the-minute radio knowledge are urgently needed to service these new Such men can make up to $3 an hour. No Past Experience Needed Past experience counts for little at this time because changes try radio fixer. coming. receivers. in radlo design are so swift and radical. up into the big money class. OF EXTRA COST To start you making money without ‘delay we equip ou with this Circuit Ana- yzer and Polnt to Polnt Resistance Tester. Dept. MM-72, Accept No Substitutes! as an R. T. A. Certifled Radio-Technician can quickly work Write today for full particulars, RADIO TRAINING ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA 4525 Ravenswood Avenue Always Insist on the Advertised Brand! What R, T. A. Graduates Say Norwood, Ohlo I have connected with a large firm as Radio Service Manager and wish to ex- tend my thanks fcr your help. JOSEPH RAPIEN, JR. Ivanhoe, Virginia Please rush the diploma to me at once, I am doing a good business in Radio. and I want to say again that I can’t thank you enough for what you have done for me. KOONTZ W. MARTIN That’s why you, Chicago, Iil.

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Well of the Padres His Living Tomb

San Diego Reporter, Weak from Loss of Blood, Cheats es. : could see it shining under the surface. Paddling Death in Ancient Shaft to keep afloat, I swung the light as best I could around the well. A rusted old pipe attached to “For nearly two hundred years this death-trap had the wall offered a hand hold, and was stout awaited its human prey...that was the grisly thought enough to hold me as I fought off growing dizzi- uppermost in my mind, as I fought for life in the an- ness from loss of blood, and climbed hand over cient crumbling mission well of San Diego de Alcala,” hand to where my companions could reach me. Writes E. P. Lyle II. “They would have pulled a corpse out of that First, as I was climbing down to explore an open- well if it hadn’t been for the DATED Eveready

ing at the water level, a loose tile struck me on the batteries in my flashlight— batteries that were head; then the rickety ladder really fresh when I bought them months before. slipped, plunged me dazed I would certainly have lost consciousness and and bleeding into the water. drowned before my friends could have reached “But I had clung to my the mission (a quarter mile away) Po ese flashlight and as the cold and returned with rope and a lie water cleared my senses, I light.” <a EVEREADY BATTERIES ARE FRESH BATTERIES NATIONAL CARBON Co, INC., 30 East 42nd St., New York, N. Y.

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Arrest Him, Officer!) RU i aS dead Th AI LE RS | g 2 THE BOOK THOUSANDS HAVE BEEN WAITING FOR ON SALE JAN. 1st. 128 PAGES 500 PICTURES oe E OR RAT A Suse 2° Follow This Man! | OMPLETE PLANS ECRET Service Operator No. 38 is on the job... follow him through all the excitement of his chase after the counter- —— feit gang. See how a crafty operator works. Tell-tale finger prints in the murdered girl’s room that help him solve the great mystery! BETTER than fiction because every word is TRUE. No obligation. Just mail me the coupon and get— Six Cabin Trailers FREE wo sone Reporte Two Folding House Trailers And the best part of it all is this—it may open your eyes to ` s A the great opportunity for YOU as a well paid inger Print Expert, This is a young, fast-growing profession. The kind of Trailer Radio and Light Plant work you would like. Excitement! Thrills! Travell A regular monthly salary. Reward money, And remember: graduates of this school HEAD 47% of ali Identification Bureaus in the Delivery and Boat Trailers U. S. Quick! Mail the Coupon NOW and I’ll send you these z Free Confidential Reports! INSTITUTE OF APPLIED SCIENCE 1920 Sunnyside Ave., Dept. 2352, Chicago, Illinois PERSE REE eRe eee Trailer Interior Fittings : a $ t I Institute of Applied Science and. hundreds of trailer and auto p 1220 Sunnyside Ave., Dept. 2352, Chicago, Illinois E shortcuts, kinks and camping tips E Gentlemen:—Without any obligation whatsoever, send § H- me the Reports ot Operator ao Pig also your iltustrated a ree Dook on Finger TH ani our low prices an i @ Easy Terms Offer. Literature will NOT be sent toboys @ Get your copy now at your ~ under 17 years of age. E C favorite newsstand or order i H direct from: no pack cca Ses neonan nnn H , E | B Address ete nenecnneennennenes E s HE MODERN MECHANIX PUB. CO. A OE lea a tate H Fawcett Building :: Greenwich, Conn. 28 Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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HALF poo CTORY-TO-YOU SAVES 50%) TWICE Z (I4 TUBES FOR THE PRICE OF 8) FACTORY-TO-YOU, EASY=-PAY PLAN SAVES YOU 50 yl This great new Midwest has caught the netion’s fancy, ause scores of marvelous new features like Dial-A-Matic Tuning*, Electrik- . f] Saver? (optional*) give magnificent world-wide reception and glorious crystal clear realism. America OK’s Midwest radios because they out-perform ordinary sets_on a point-for-point comparison. Not a cut-price set, but a more powerful super performing radio in a big, exquisitely designed cabinet of matched walnut! You are triply protected with Foreign Reception Guarantee .. . One-Year Warranty and Money - Back Guarantee. Now, you can roam the world in a lash . . . switching instantly from American programs to police, amateur, commercial, airplane and shig broadcasts... to the most fascinating foreign progtams. When you buy the Midwest factory-to-you way, you deal directly with the factory that makes tadios—-instead of paying extra profits to wholesalers, distributors, retailers, etc. Remember! Nothing of value is added to a radio just because it is handled many times. You havea year to pay .. terms as low as 10c a day... you secure the privilege of 30 days FREE trial in your own home. Only MIDWEST RADIOS Offer DIALA-MATIC TUNING «e ELECTRIK-SAVER*: DUAL-AUDIO PROGRAM EXPANDER s*AUTOMATIC AERIAL TUNING **6 WAVE BANDS (4% % 2400 METERS) AND SCORES OF OTHER FEATURES AT SAVINGS UPTO 50 yl RUSH COUPON FOR FREE 40-PAGE CATALOG! brings in those distant stations wit When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix Why be. content with ‘an ordinary 6, 8, 16 or 12-tube set when you can buy a 14-tube deluxe Midwest for the same money! The extra power out tone distortion. Ay RADIO CORP T E 10 liberal 30-day I ISe i U Dept H-10. Cincinnati, 0. new FREE cata- log and complete details of your Free trial offer, (Speciatot DIAL-A-MATIC TUNING Your radio enjoyment is doubled with Dial-A-Matic Tuning, the amazing new Midwest feature that makes this radio practically tune itself. Zipl...Zipl...Zip!...stations come in instantly, automatically, perfectly...as fast as you can push buttons. Exclusive Midwest Electrik Saver cuts radio wattage consump. tion 50%, enables Midwest radios to ‘use no more current than ordinary 7-tube sets. Nah cenas nd me your Adie nci

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OKanclorg tjes -pror Equipped with ball bearing wheels, this miniature locomotive pedals as easily as a bicycle. E. L. Bowers, of Los Angeles, Calif., built it from MM plans for little Bobby, 5 years old. NE of our business friends has asked us to pick a list of the most important inventions of the past year. Here’s our nomi- nation: Rust cotton picker, sonic altimeter, telephone photo improvements, bacteria- killing tubes, television advances, new safety auto tires, defrosters and fog dispellers, the roadable autogiro. Also: Metal spectrophotometer, improved steel alloys, advances in Diesels, air con- ditioning, plastics, textiles and glass; the solar heater, improvements in vacuum tubes, the photo-composing machine, power-alcohol plant. With close to 50,000 patents from which to choose, such a list has to be a matter of opinion and we may change ours if we go into this subject further. The merits of the Rust cotton picker, for one, are still a matter of considerable dispute in the South. kkk Topping the list of interesting projects and photos received this month is a letter from E. L. Bowers, of Los Angeles, Calif., who says: Los Angeles, Calif. Dear Editor: Enclosed is a photo of a pedal locomotive made from plans in a recent issue of MM. It was made in a spare room without any special tools, The wheelbase is 60 inches, and the cab stands 42 „inches high, Four smal! children can ride in it, and how 50 they do pedal it around the block, halting traffic and creating great interest. You may be sure that 5-year- old Bobby, for whom it was built, is the most popular boy in Los Angeles. E. L. Bowers. We certainly can appreciate that Bobby is popu- lar in his neighborhood with such a fine model locomotive to travel around in. Mr. Bowers is indeed fortunate to have tackled a project that provides a double measure of satisfaction—the thrill of a workshop project well done, and the pleasure of having constructed something that brings joy to children. A $5 award was sent to Mr. Bowers. joke To Steele Peterson of Duluth, Minn., goes $3 for his letter and photo of “Skedaddle,” one of the many projects presented in the MM “How To Build 20 Boats” book, He writes: ` Duluth, Minn. Dear Editor: Enclosed are photos of the boat my father and I built from plans in the MM boat book. The boat was come pleted in six weeks using a limited number of tools. J cannot recall any other constructional project which we so thoroughly enjoyed. The cost of materials was only $30. We launched the boat in a rough sea and were agreeably surprised the way she handled. With a small outboard motor of slightly more than 3 horsepower, we made 12 m.p.h. I am pleased with MM plans because they are so clear that an amateur can easily follow them. I hope to see more plans for small boats in the next edition of your boat book. Steele Peterson. In the short time of six weeks, using a limited number of tools, Steele Peterson and his father, of Duluth, Minn., con- structed ‘‘Skedaddle” from plans printed in MM boat book. Modern Mechanix

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Good work, Mr. Peterson. When such a sea- worthy boat can be built for so little money we can readily understand why so many MM work- shop fans are tackling boat projects at this time. RE From Joseph Lovetri, of Raritan, N. J., comes a letter and photo describing a real good bob-sled project. He says: Raritan, N. J. Dear Editor: Enclosed is a snapshot of my bob-sled, The sled is six feet long and I took your advice about using strap iron for the runners. It makes good speed, This is my third entry in the Workbench contest. I hope it reaches you in time for consideration this month. Joseph Lovetri. The bob-sled is a keen looking job as most MM readers will agree. A $3 prize was awarded for this letter and photo and since it was his third entry it proves that it pays to keep trying. etek Showing aptitude for constructing projects of different types, John Marks, of Somerville, Mass., submitted a letter and photo that won an award of $3. His letter states: Somerville, Mass. Dear Editor: I have been reading MM for many years and think This six-foot bob-sled was built by Joseph Lovetri, of Raritan, N Featuring an automobile type steering wheel and runners made of strap iron it seats three persons comfortably. February, 1937 John Marks, of Somerville, Mass., exhibits two projects built from plans—a compact radio set and a carved model of the ocean liner, Queen Mary. He received orders for 5 models. it is the best magazine of its type. It features plans for things to build that do not require a great expense. As yet, I have not found a single department that I haven’t read over and over again. The enclosed photo shows a radio and a model of the “Queen Mary" that I built from MM plans. Since building the “Queen Mary,” I have received orders from five people to build similar models for them so you can see that it must be pretty good. John Marks. Congratulations to Mr. Marks for turning a hobby into profitable channels. We believe that many more MM workshop fans could turn their skill with tools into a source of income if an effort was made. With the money gained, a bigger and better workshop could be set up. eee Readers who like to build speedsters will like the letter and photo submitted by Joe Lucan, of Wisconsin Rapids, Wis.; who was awarded a $3 prize. His interesting letter states: Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. Dear Editor: Enclosed is a photo of my speedster which I built from my own design. The chassis is built entirely [Continued on page 32] 31

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Theres Quick re, igger MONEY for YOU in Bigge Wherever You Live— WhateverYouDoNow— $1000 to $2500 a Year Can Be Yours! YOU Can Do What They Have Done “You have opened up to’ me a pleasant and profitable way of gaining an independ- living. Seldon Anderson, R. I. “When I enrolled for your course, I knew nothing about poultry keeping. I am How successfully op- Spare Time or Full Time YOU Can Cash-In BIG Instead of knocking at your door, Opportunity is waiting for you in your erating farm rial back yard! Thousands have turned to arthen, Conn, Poultry Raising for PART TIME EXTRA F. 0O. Anderson, MONEY or F' TIME BIG PAY. Latest Phoenix, Ariz., writes methods now make possible starting In very small way, in back pus vacant lot or even in a garage. can show you how to make only a few hens profitable. No matter what you’re doing now—I will show you how to start and keep going successfully. Eggs and poultry meat arc commanding high prices— Prices that mean a handsome margin of profit on every egg or bird you ean roduce. YOU CAN CASH-IN BiG. Sree nee I can put, You ° money makers— QUICK. 5 x My Proved Methods Assure Success Right from START All the “mystery and guess work" are taken out of poultry raising by my sure, tested, proved methods. My home study course, produced by elgh- teen famous experts and endorsed by thirty leading Agricultural Schools, Puts in your hands the success-secrets leaders. Decide now to get into this scinating, healthful, profitable busi- ness. He your own boss—make $1.00 to $3.00 for every hour of your spare time sor qualify for a fine sala In one of the big established poultry plants. From How on, let the other fellow pay YOU the fancy prices — Become depression-proof, FREE BOOK EXPLAINS My big, new, free book, “How to Raise Poultry for Profit’® will amaze you! Brings absolute proof of what my course and training have done for thousands of others. My 44 years’ ex- berlence as Commercial Poultryman and former Senlor Poultryman in the see and ioie ME Meare Fe Yours, te ol y. et in line for QUICKER, BIGGER MONEY. Don’t delay a day, the very T + mast this coupon’ Into f Get this FREE Book NOW/ B Harry M. Lamon, President, The National Poultry Institute B Adams Center, N. Y., Dept. 136-B r “Thanks to N. P. I. I got a job even bpe- fore I finished your Course.” I want to know how to make big money raising poultry. Send i me your FREE book explaining your home-study course and E PROVED methods, See ee eee Editor's Workbench Chips [Continued from page 31] Using reconditioned parts from several used cars, Joe Lucan, Wisconsin Rapids, Wis., constructed this flashy speedster, It travels 70 m.p.b. and averages 30 miles per gallon of gasoline. of used, reconditioned parts taken from Ford and Chevrolet autos, The body is of all-steel construction. I have found it to be a very practical means of transportation as it will travel 30 miles on a gallon of gasoline and, in tests, has traveled at 70 m.p.h. Joe Lucan. Mr. Lucan’s speedy little car is one that any auto enthusiast would be proud to own. Its clean- cut lines indicate that much care was taken in constructing it. eee From far away Australia comes a letter that may interest many MM readers. It reads: _ Waverly, Australia. Dear Editor: Having been a constant reader of MM for a long time, I would appreciate it if you would insert a notice requesting that amateur movie fans send their names to me. Thank you. H. Wernard. We are always glad to put hobby fans in con- tact with each other. Mr. Wernard can be reached at 75 Newland Street. The long winter evenings afford ample time for tackling worthwhile projects in the home workshop. No matter what your in- terest, or how limited or extensive your skill with tools, you will find plenty of intriguing projects in every issue of MM. Besides cur- rent issues of MM, there are the popular MM books—“How To Build 20 Boats,” “How To Build It,” “Radio Builder’s Man- ual,” “Handy Man’s Home Manual,” and “How to Build Trailers,” each 50c. 32 Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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Do THIS? Just a few plain, quickly sketched Iines—= and you have the “framework” of a drawing, These first lines give you the rough proportions and lines of actlon, Learn to Draw at Home This Simple, Practical Way! OU have always longed for it—this fascinating ability to draw. Now it can really be yours! Illustrating, Rapid Sketching, Decorative Designing, Commercial Art, Cartooning—you can now learn all of this right in your own home. Many of our graduates never studied art before, yet today are successful artists with good incomes. Our simple, proven, practical method makes it fun to learn, in your spare time. And now, with just a few hours’ pleasant prac- tice each week, you, too, may learn to make drawings that have a real commercial value—just as those whose reports are given be- low are doing! Get into this interesting, profitable field NOW! Mail coupon for FREE BOOK, Joo Rinaldi of New ‘Art for Pleasure and Profit” at once! York writes: “Since completar Sour, goure Commercial Art, Cartooning and Designing, ALL in ONE Course! as $125 @ week, $3,000 for W.R.K. It's lik bl h 1 to d th om zi t's like an enjoyable game when you learn to draw wi a err arse bring this simple method. You study right at home, yet every me $3,000, Earned $280 bit of your work receives the individual attention and while taking course, criticism of a real art teacher, It's Have more orders than almost. as though you had your instructor standing at your elbow while you work. I can accept.”—W. R. Kent, Newark, N. J. With this jtraining you pro» gress in easy stages. Starting $3,000 a Year and More! M., A with straight lines and curves, Kraykovic Do THIS... Next we show you exactly how to apply the rules for develap- ing the outlines and “blocking in” the areas te be shaded. Then you erase the first “framework” fines a'nd prosto] you have this! to recommend your course.” $100 for 8 Hrs. Work “Have received for some of my paintings as much as $100 for 6 to 8 hours’ work.””— D. P. Harris, N. Car. $50 for One Drawing “Got $50 for a sim- ple idea, expressed in & en and ink drawing. ave made over $200 Barto- so far.” — G. lomi, Oregon. $76 a Week ~that’s what our stu- dent, H, J. Aigeldin- ger, of Penna., aver- ages. Has made over $1,200 in spare time. sseand THIS! Now you are shown how to give your draw- ing shape, depth and form by shading and high-lighting. In every single step you are guided by proven rules l B Te at AE akes and skillfu - rect your hand! z IG ARTIST’S OUTFIT GIVEN! This. full-size professionat Artist’s Outfit comes with your very first lessons—at NO EX- TRA COST. It contains every- thing you need to start. Mail coupon now for complete details of this remarkable offer. When Answering Advertisements Please Mentian February Modern Mechanix Preraces 340° || Zau ern aotion, pergpeotyg s and al e more Van Then YOU Can $3,000 a year and principles of drawing. Youget more. It is a pleasure a sound, complete, all ’round art training based on our 22 years of successful teaching ex- Perience. See (at the left) the Money others have made even before they finished the course! Our big FREE Book describes the latest developments and opportunities in this fascinating, good Income field —and gives full details of this simple practical method. Tells about our grad- uates—their successes—what they say about our course—shows actual reproduc- tions of thelr work—and tells how they earned good money even while learning. Mail coupon or postcard today. (No sales» man will call.) Please state age, Studlo 204 Washington School of Art, 1115 =—15th St., N. W., Washington, D. ©. WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF ART, Studio 202, 1115—-15th Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. Without obligation, please send me a FREE copy of your Book, * Art for Pleasure and Profit." State Dn m m m m eee ee a City 33

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6 WEEKS AGO SHE SAID: HES Too SKINNY Y JUST THINK, DARLING, IN A FEW DAYS WE'LL BE MARRIED / NEW DISCOVERY GIVES THOUSANDS 10 z0 25 POUNDS -in a few weeks! you seem “born to be skinny” —if you've tried everything to gain weight but with no suc- cess—here’s a new scientific discovery that has given thou- sands of happy men just the pounds and solid heftiness they wanted—and so quickly they were amazed! Not only has this new easy treatment brought solid, natu- rally attractive flesh, but also normal color, new pep, and the many new friends these bring. Body-building discovery Scientists recently discovered that thousands of people are thin and rundown for the single reason that they do not get enough Vita- min B and iron in their daily food. Without these vital elements you may lack appetite, and you don’t get the most body-building good out of the food you eat. 34 Accept No Substitutes! Now one of the richest known sources of Vitamin B is cultured: ale yeast. By a new process the finest imported cultured ale yeast is now concentrated 7 times, made 7 times more powerful. Then it is combined with 3 kinds of iron, pas- teurized whole yeast and other valu- able ingredients in pleasant tablets. If you, too, need these vital ele- ments to aid in building you up, get these new Ironized Yeast tab- lets from your druggist today. Note how ‘quickly they increase your appetite and help you get more benefit from the body-build- ing foods that are so_ essential. Then day after day watch flat chest develop and skinny limbs round out to natural attractiveness. See better color and natural good looks come to your cheeks. Soon you feel like an entirely new person, with new charm, new personality. Money-back guarantee No matter how skinny and run- down you may be from lack of sufficient Vitamin B and iron, these new ‘‘7-power’’ Ironized Yeast tablets should aid in build- ing you up in just a few weeks, as they have helped thousands. If not delighted with the benefits of the very first package, your money instantly refunded. Only be sure you get genuine Tronized Yeast. Don‘t let anyone sell you some perhaps cheaper yeast and iron tablet, which is not the original Ironized Yeast that has been so successful. Look for “IY” stamped on each tablet. Special FREE offer To start thousands building up their health right away, we make this FREE offer. Pur- chase @ package of Ironized Yeast tablets at once, cut out the seal on the box and mail it to us with a clipping of this para- graph, We will send you a fascinating new book on health, “New Facts About Your Body.” Remember, results with the very first package—or money refunded. At all druggists. Ironized Yeast Co., Inc, Dept. 562, Atlanta, Ga. Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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This ELECTRIC AGE A Guest Editorial FA™ drudgery must go. The application of electricity is eliminating needless human toil from industry. The heavy work in our factories—lifting and pushing and cranking—is more and more being turned over to electricity. Electricity pumps water, runs great urban trans- portation and communication systems, and other- wise makes it possible to live comfortably in our complex metropolitan centers. The efficiency of the medern assembly line is a direct result of this widespread use of electric power. With electric power the city housewife no longer dreads the “Blue Monday" laundry day. Her daily chores and the spring and fall house- cleanings have been educi d beo of the elec- tric refrigerator, vacuum-cleaner, electric washer and ironer, and above all, an abundance of run- ning water. i i Electricity promises even greater advances in —-Bachrach Phot: agricultural processes and living standards than Morris L. Cooke it has brought about in industry and in city homes. During the past half century—the period of great electrical development—we did no more than a 10 per cent job of electrifying our rural areas. It is strange that some seemed to believe that the saturation point in rural elec- trification had been reached. A saturation point, when dynamos supply only 3 per cent of the power which agriculture uses, as compared with 80 per cent of industrial power! Today, however, a different picture is being drawn. Encouraged by Federal, State and loca! assistance, farmers are demanding power. They will be served in one way or another. Utilities, both public and private, are conscious of this demand, and rural expansion is the order of the day throughout the power industry. More and more the utilities are realizing the vast poten- tialities of the rural market. With the assistance of power, the farm will be a much happier and more pleasant place to live. Power will prove to be one of the farmer's greatest comforts and his most untiring hired hand. Morris L. Cooke DIRECTOR Rural Electrification Administration

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Equipment for MM Wesley Sherwood Bessell, New York architect. who has designed model $3,500 home Modern Mechanix magazine is building in Leonia. N. J. “Maybe dreams do come true—if you dream them hard enough,” Mary chuckled as she and Tom watched their home rise from a hole in the ground to the shingled roof, Mary still could hardly believe it was true. She remembered that hot afternoon in the cramped, stuffy flat when Tom and Jim were idly discussing the fond but seemingly futile hope of same day owning their own homes. They wanted spare room for their hobbies—Tom was an amateur photographer, and Jim liked to find his fun in a home workshop; they yearned for fresh air and quiet, away from the bedlam of the city in which they had to spend all their working hours. But a home in the suburbs, it seemed to them, was for the rich only. It was true that Tom, a clerk earning $1,200 a year, had managed to save $1,600—but who ever would think of trying to buy land and building a home on that much? Jim had a small grocery, and was a little better off. He had $3,000 in the bank, but he also had two children for whom to provide. Then Bill Johnson, a mutual friend who werked in an archi- tect’s office, showed them how they could own their own homes and pay for them as they went along by borrowing from an independent building and loan association or one connected with the Federal Housing Administration or the Federal Home Loan Bank. It was as simple as that. Tom and Mary's home—a one-story, four room house costing $3,500 in Leonia, N. J., a few minutes from the George Washington Bridge connecting New York City and New Jersey ~has been selected as the model home now under cénstruction for Modern Mechanix Magazine. To build his home on a $600 lot, Tom borrowed $2,870, to be paid back at $29 a month over a period of ten years. Jim, building a two-stery, five room house costing $5,500, bor- rowed $4,410, which he must pay back at the rate of $45 a month in the next ten years, ft was, Bill pointed out, cheaper than rent. ia) ON Wesley Sherwood Bessell New York Architect T HAD been difficult for Tom and Jim to keep their minds strictly on their jobs in the city while their thoughts kept drifting across the Hudson River, to where their homes were fast rising under the bang of hammers and the buzz of saws. Their wives —intrigued with visions of life out doors in the garden during the hot summer and with the thought of curling, cosy and comfortable, before an open fire of a winter evening— commuted almost daily over the George Washington Bridge to watch the carpenters, steamfitters and electricians at work. They felt almost personally acquainted with every nail driven into the house timbers. Tom and Jim managed to get over as often as they could after work and on week-ends. After one visit, when the homes were nearing completion, Tom chuckled: “When I looked at the excavation, and after the framework went up, I was terribly worried about the size of the houses—they looked so small, I couldn’t see how anybody could live in them!” “That’s funny,” replied Jim. “I had the same feeling. I began to wonder if the architect hadn’t made some mistake in the measurements, or if the carpenters had mis- taken feet for inches on the plans.” “That’s the reaction of almost everyone who builds,” Bill explained. “During the time that you see only the rough outline of the house, and until the rooms are white plastered, there are no ways to compare sizes, and everything appears much smaller.” “By the way, Bill,” asked Tom, “can I keep this sketch of the living room, showing the fireplace?” “Td like the sketch you made for me, too,” added Jim. “The wives want to frame them.” Bill proudly handed over the sketches. Then: “Now both you two bring your missus to the office tomorrow and we'll go out and select your plumbing and hardware fixtures.” Tom and Mary and Helen and Jim visited several plumbing supply showrooms with Bill. There were small rooms, fixed up like model bathrooms to show just how the fixtures would actually look when installed. Modern Mechanix

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Model HO The architect gives expert advice on equipment, from stoves to wallpaper, and advises on color schemes that won't frazzle nerves. Top—The living room in “Jim’s home” which is costing $5,500 to build through a $4,410 loan, payable at £45 a month over ten years. Below—-Workmen place foundation walls in excavation of “Tom's house”, as architect and proud home owners consult the plans. They each made a careful selection to match their individual color schemes. Next came the selection of hardware, which was made easy by the way it was displayed on mounted doors and window sections. Selection of gas ranges, lighting fixtures and ‘kitchen cabinets took another day. “Goodness! What a raft of fixtures,” ex- claimed Mary. “Pll never be able to make a decision out of all this!” “Nothing to it,” Bill airily replied. “We'll just ask to look at those fixtures within your February, 1937 price range, as many of them are much too expensive, and some are too elaborate for. your purpose.” _ Gas ranges were next on the list. Here Tom and Jim were completely out of their element, their chief interest in kitchens being in the food that comes out of them. They left the selections entirely up to Mary and Helen, who each chose a four-burner gas range with ovens, broilers and regulators. The next problem was paint and wallpaper. Bill suggested that they go to a wallpaper 37

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Living room of “Tom’s home”. It is costing $3,500 and “Tom” is building it with the help of a $2,870 loan, payable at $29 a month over a period of ten years—cheaper than rent. house and select samples, which they could take home and decide definitely upon which they liked best. After all, he reminded them, the wrong wallpaper soon might prove dis- tasteful, and they better be quite sure in their choice. Tom and Mary decided on two very quaintly designed wallpapers for their bed- rooms, and decided to paint the walls of the passage leading from the entry foyer past the bedrooms to the bathroom, a light green-blue shade with darker blue-green for the doors. For the living room Bill suggested an oyster gray, with just sufficient yellow in it to warm the gray a bit. This, he said, would give any curtains or draperies a good background by way of contrast. Tom and Mary liked the idea, and agreed that the entry hall should be . similar to the living room. “I don’t suppose you’d approve of a green kitchen, would you, Bill?” asked Mary, 38 Top left -— Entrance to “Jim’s house”, a trim two- story white and brick home with a bright red door. Above — Architect super- vises excavation of ‘'Tom’s home” at Leonia, N. J. timidly, a doubt and hope in her voice. “Why not? An apple green on the wall would be swell! And what have = eo you decided on the bath- TT Me datr ing Room... room?” “Pd like a blue that looks like the sea,” said Mary quickly. It was decided to stain the floors a dark rich brown after Tom and Bill convinced Mary that, contrary to all reasoning, dark floors look better and do not show the dirt half as much as light ones. They also decided to paint the outside doors a medium shade blue veering on green, and that while the trim around the windows should be the same color as the doors, the sash would be white. The blue, they thought would be a pleasant con- trast to the white and stucco of their house. Meanwhile, Bill was also giving the same careful attention to the last details of Jim’s house. Jim and Helen had decided on a deep red for the front door, and light tan and brown for the sash and trim on all the windows to match the white and brick exterior. Helen chose an interesting block design wallpaper for the dining room and a gay paper for the entrance hall, which carried up the stair well and through the second hall. Both wives fairly lived on the job as the finishing touches were added to their homes. The day for moving from the city to the suburbs was quickly drawing near. Modern Mechanix

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Educators Organize Future Craftsmen Of America T° STIMULATE interest and enable boys and young men to acquire skill in workshop projects, a group of educational directors have organized the Future Craftsmen of America. The organization will establish local chapter workshops through- out the country in which members can undertake worthwhile crafts- manship projects. Robert L. Cressman, Pennsyl- vania Department of Instruction, Earl L. Bedell, Detroit educator, and J. Lee Barrett, Detroit Con- vention and Tourist Bureau chairman, are the sponsors of the organization. It is hoped to establish chapters in every American high school. To encourage members of the Future Craftsmen, William B. Stout, noted auto- mobile engineer, announced that he would give a trophy to the boy who produces the most ingenious and useful piece of craftsman- ship during the year. The organization will award degrees to members denoting progress and skill acquired. Electric Vaporizer Devised EVELOPED to relieve the discomfort caused by nasal congestion and irritation, a new electric pocket vaporizer resembles a flashlight in construction. It consists of a specially designed metal case shaped like a fountain pen and uses two small batteries. A patented bulb featuring a special filament as well as two depressed openings—one on top and the other on the side—is screwed into one end of the case. Vapor liquid is dropped into the side opening and is converted into vapor by a slight pressure on an electric switch button. The device was de- veloped by a St. Louis, Mo., lab- oratory, which produces liquid. Pas: Operated like a flashlight, this electric vaporizer is an aid in clearing away nasal congestions. February, 1937 Ralph E. Kleund exhibited this midget auto at Detroit, Mich.. convention of Future Craftsmen of America. Costing $200 to build, a 15-horsepower motor enables car to travel 75 m.p.h. Builds Mobile Welding Unit N ELECTRIC welding outfit in the form of an auto trailer has been built by a garage operator in Alhambra, Calif., enabling him to undertake welding jobs in any part of the state. Under California laws no trailer license is needed as the machine is classified as a mobile piece of machinery. The welding machine is mounted on an old Buick automobile chassis equipped with Ford axles and wheels. A Buick engine drives an electric truck starter motor rewound into a 300-ampere generator. The fields are excited by a re-built, 14-volt Dodge generator. Wiring, switchboards, and similar equipment were devised in the shop of D. D. Fowble, who built the welder, from salvaged used auto parts. Entire machine cost $600 to construct. Made from salvaged auto parts this mobile electric welder was built by D. D. Fowble, an Alhambra, Calif., garage oper- ator. It extends his working range to include entire state. 39

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New Vacuum Tube May Aid Television Progress Arthur L. Samuel (left) and Joseph P. Laico of the Bell Tele- phone Laboratories compare their newly developed television vacuum tube, held by Samuel. with old type television tube. Electric Eye Grades Milk N ELECTRIC eye machine that grades milk according to color was demon- strated at the research laboratory of the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N. J. The device was developed by W. R. Manwar- ing of Wyckoff, N. J. The machine measures the capacity of any milk to transmit light, grading it accordingly. It is expected to aid dairymen by creating a breeding policy of milk color selection as her- itable traits in herds of registered lineage. H. H. Tucker, professor of dairy husbandry at Rutgers Uni- versity, tests an electric eye machine that grades milk accord- ing to color. Eleanor Greene and Helen Kindwall look on. 40 NEW vacuum tube of novel construction which may be an important aid in the development of television has been under- going tests at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in New York City. The tube was developed as the result of collaboration by Joseph P. Laico and Arthur L., Samuel. The new tube is more compact than the old type formerly used in television experiments. It consists of two small tubes built inside of a glass bulb which is about three inches in diameter and only two inches long. It gen- erates ten watts of radio power at a wave length of about one meter. Erect Huge Cooling Tower Standing 250 feet high, this tower cools 3,000,000 gallons of water per hour for an English power company. Fred Mitchell & Sons, Manchester engineers, built it in ten months. ELIEVED to be the largest in the world, a reinforced concrete water cooling tower has been erected for the Lancashire Electric Power Co., in Kearsley, England. The tower is 250 feet high and has a maximum diameter of 175 feet. It is capable of cooling three million gallons of water per hour. The complete tower weighs about 5,000 tons and its construction required the services of 90 men for a period of ten months. Modern Mechanix

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Colonel Lindbergh Flies New English Monoplane OR fast flying trips around England, where he is now residing, Colonel Charles A. Lindbergh has acquired a Miles “Mohawk” airplane, said to be the fastest touring mono- plane in the country. The streamlined plane is capable of a speed of 200 m. p. h. The airplane was especially designed for the famous American pilot by F. G. Miles, noted English aeronautical engineer. It is powered with a 200-horsepower Menasco engine of American manufacture. Colonel ‘Lindbergh ordered the plane finished in orange and black colors. Ingenuity Wins Scholarship From junk scraps, Franklin D. Hayes, of Worcester, Mass., ingeniously constructed a greenhouse temperature control regulator device that won a $500 college scholarship for him. SING scrap materials totaling about two dollars in value, Franklin D. Hayes, of Worcester, Mass., created a device that won a $500 Yankee Ingenuity Scholarship at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. The device automatically turns on a green- house heating plant whenever temperature drops more than three degrees. The ap- paratus is actuated by the expansion and contraction of cleverly arranged zinc strips. February, 1937 Top—cColonel Lindbergh tests his new Mohawk monoplane at Reading, England. It travels 200 m.p.h. Lower——Famous pilot explains the American built engine to English friends. Exhibit 450 Train Models ORE than 450 models of engines, track sites, freight and passenger cars, depots, bridges, etc., were displayed at the first annual convention of the National Model Railway Association held in Los Angeles. Models ranged in size from the popular small size types to a locomotive that measured over four feet long and one and a half feet. high. Over five hundred regional members attended the convention. Train models of every size and description were displayed at first annual National Model Railway Association convention in Los Angeles. Merilyn Denton climbs after biggest model. 41

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i924 MILES PER HOUR Uncorking Bottled by Dr. Miller McClintock Director, Bureau for Street Traffic Research. Harvard University. MOTOR VEHICLES OF ALL KINDS USING U.S. HIGHWAYS 150% 1900.000 CARS INCREASE SYMBOL REPRESENTS AVERAGE ROAD SPEEDS {936 200% INCREASE HOW AND WHY TRAFFIC HAZARDS HAVE INCREASED IN PAST [5 YEARS N IDEA of the problem confronting the traffic engineer may be gained by keep- ing in mind two contrasting pictures: Fifteen years ago there were, roughly, 10,000,000 motor vehicles in this country. Today there are two and a half times that number. Fifteen years ago, and even ten years ago, speed on the road averaged 20 miles an hour. Gradually it went up to 30, then 40, until today speeds of 50 to 60 miles an hour and beyond are considered normal on the open road. Thus, we have two parallel facts: In the past 15 years the automobile population has in- creased by 150 per cent, and the rate at which that wheeled population moves along the highways has jumped from 150 to 200 per cent. As the volume of traffic grew the channels through which it flowed also grew. But they did not grow in a uniform manner, nor as rapidly as the automobile was growing in its speed capabilities. Not that admirable work was not done to have the highway, inherently static, keep pace, as it were, with the faster- developing automobile; the automobile could not have grown in numbers and speed if high- ways had not developed beyond the horse and buggy stage. But it took money and time to lay the highway network of the United States, by far the most extensive in the world. It has taken even more money and time, once 42 BAD- BASIC TESS OF POTENTIAL ROAD FRICTION EXIST TO FORM SERIOUS DRIVING RISKS MEDIAL FRICTION OCCURS BETWEEN MEETING ON INNER LANES INTERNAL STREAM FRICTION ~ OCCURS BETWEEN CARS GOING IN SAME DIRECTION BUT AT DIFFERING SPEED RATIOS TYPICAL SIDE ROAD DELAY TRAFFIC HELD UP BY "STOP" LIGHT INTERSECTIONAL FRICTION OCCURS AT JUNCTIONS WHERE CARS TURNING LEFT FROM WEST TO NORTH AND FROM NORTH TO EAST ADD TO NORMAL CONGESTION “MARGINAL FRICTION OCCURS AT EDGES. OF ROAC CARS TURNING LEFT TIE UP AND DELAY EAST AND WEST THROUGH TRAFFIC INCREASE COLLISION RISK -~ KEY TO SYMBOLS USED EXTREME CONGESTION NORMAL CONGESTION NON-CONGESTED ROAD wen ge CARS MOVING AT NORMAL SPEEO swam Me AT REDUCED SPEED iy STOPPED OR PARKED sman om mmnm) SPEEDING UP m ee wns) SLOWING DOWN CARS MOVE FREELY NORTH AND SOUTH ON LOWER LEVEL. FAIR = UPPER LEVEL RETAINS OF ORDINARY JUNCTION WITH USUAL. FRICTION MARGINAL FRICTION in- volves contact with a person or | object on the edge of the road, It” leads to such accidents as striking a pedestrian, telegraph pole or barked car, or running into the ch. INTERNAL-STREAM TION involves Top left quarter of diagram shows traf- fic at its worst. Lower quarter _ shows a fair solu- tion, with through trafic on lower FRIC- contact between cars moving over a multiple-lane highway in the same direction but at different speeds. It leads to road, but danger- such accidents as side-swiping a ous disadvantages car in passing. of ordinary junc- tion on upper levels. Modern Mechanix

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GOGD-NO INTER- SECTIONAL OR MEDIAL FRICTION NOTE HOW IN ORDER TO NEGOTIATE INTERSECTION CARS ARE OBLIGED TO CROSS LANES HAMPERING TRAFFIC AND INCREASING INTERNAL-STREAM FRICTION SIX-LANE UNDIVIDED HIGHWAY AFFORDS. AMPLE SPACE FOR OPPOSING LINES OF TRAFFIC BUT DOES NOT REDUCE MEDIAL FRICTION TO ANY APPRECIABLE DEGREE NOTE -TRAFFIC APPROACHING ON EITHER HIGHWAY AND WISHING TO TURN BACK MUST NEGOTIATE 2 LOOPS OF CLOVER LEAF TO COMPLETE THE MANEUVER. MEDIAL FRICTION ELIMINATED BY. DIVIDING STRIP — OVERPASS HIGHWAY UNDERPASS HIGHWAY BEST-NO INTER: , © SECTIONAL ANDNO MEDIAL FRICTION. MARGINAL AND INTERNAL STREAM FRICTION ELIMINATED MEDIAL FRICTION Involves a Though theoreti- cally trafic flow never ceases in rotary junction (upper right) there is still danger and delay. Cloverleaf juncture of two roads with median strips (lower right) is traffic at its best. There is no conges- tion, little delay. February, 1937 contact in tha middle of the road, as when two cars from opposite di- rections erash head-on. INTERSECTIONAL FRICTION Involvos contact at Intersections where streams from different dl- rections come together in the cen- ter, forming dams and eddies of traffic, It leads to such accidents as ramming a car In the side and, in-:addition, to much confusion and delay. A “Cloverleaf” type highway at Paranus, N. J.. keeps up with automobile age. With super roadways crossing, safety is assured by this Limited Way. the basic network was finished, to improve the highways to the point where they can accommodate and expedite modern traffic. While the automobile was being improved, the better to serve as a means of transporta- tion, and the highways were being extended and redesigned, the better to fit the modern car, two things were happening. The first, of tragic importance, is that more and more persons were meeting death and injury on the highway. In 1913 all deaths by motor vehicles totaled only 4,200. Five years later the number had multiplied by two and one-half times. Nearly 40,000, more than three and one-half times the 1918 figure, were killed last year. In addition, 105,000 others were crippled permanently and more than 1,000,000 injured. The second was the growing congestion of traffic, particularly in large cities. Conges- tion impairs the use of the automobile, de- feating the very purpose of rapid and free motion for which it was built; it also costs enormously. In New York City alone it has been estimated that delays due to traffic con- gestion cost motor vehicle owners $1,000,000 a day. While dire prophesies of a saturation point for automobiles are no more to be taken seriously today than when we had one-third the number of cars (when such prophesies were most loudly uttered), they point to the need for correction. A man will not want to buy an automobile if he cannot make use of it without undue inconvenience and undue risk, For years everyone has referred to “the stream of traffic’—an inspired popular antici- 43,

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FOCUS LEVEL OF AUTOMOBILE HEADLIGHTS SECTION THRU NEW GERMAN LIMITED WAY WITH STAGGERED TRAFFIC LANES An American two-way highway, winding over hill and dale. speeds traffic in rural areas on smooth ribbons of concrete. Staggered traffic lanes on Ger- many’s Reichsautobahnen be- tween Munich and Holz- kirchen. Diagram at lower right shows how blinding lights of passing cars are diffused. both the left turning cars and the right turn- ing cars crowd together, jockeying to get through. The result is often a ram amidships. By depressing one of the highways at the intersection some good was accomplished, for through traffic on the lower level could proceed right along. But cars emerging from the lower level onto the upper must squeeze into the fast moving stream above. Cars on the upper level, making left turns to reach the cross highway, must make an even more difficult maneuver, dodging both the traffic behind them and the opposing traffic, and keeping clear of cars making left turns from the opposing lane. The rotary junction is better, for it elimi- nates the danger of cars approaching at right angles to each other, from which head-on crashes occur. Although, in principle, traffic can move freely around the circle, cars have to swing from one lane to another. The re- sult is generally confusion and delay, and often sideswipes and rear-end smashes. Virtually all these difficulties and risks dis- appear with the clover leaf intersection of the type that New Jersey has pioneered in building, to take care of the immense traffic streams created by the Holland Tunnel and the George Washington Bridge. If the clover leaf junction is of two highways having a raised strip in the middle to divide opposing lines of traffic, then the safest intersection

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devised by today’s engineer is produced. Here, not only are the risks of collisions and sideswipes practically ruled out, but delay and congestion are eliminated, since at no time do cars cross one another’s path. No city has yet built a true Limited Way. Its cost, considering that it must run through thickly populated centers and require rights of way of from 250 to 300 feet, is apt to run up to $400,000 a mile, or much higher in some cases. But already encouraging beginnings have been made in a surprising number of instances. The twin Holland Tunnels between New York and New Jersey, under the Hud- son River, constitute perhaps the most com- plete example of Limited Way, with one tube for traffic each way, no side-roads or inter- sections, and no encroaching property. Other examples abound in which at least an approximation is made to the Limited Way ideal. The West Side Elevated Highway along the Hudson River in Manhattan; the mighty Triborough Bridge, connecting Man- hattan with Long Island on the east and the Bronx on the north; the George Washington Bridge spanning the Hudson from New York to New Jersey—all demonstrate how traffic engineers are trying to solve the greatest traffic problem in the world—that of metro- politan New York. New Jersey, with its $6,000,000 a mile Pulaski Skyway soaring over Jersey City from the Holland Tunnel, sends this mighty stream speedily away; Connecticut has its Merritt Parkway and Delaware its Du Pont Highway, while Massachusetts, with its Wor- cester Turnpike between Boston and Wor- cester, provides not only a road divided in the middle for safety, but one of the most beautiful concrete roads in the country. De- troit, with the system of super-highways it is completing; Chicago, with its Outer Drive; 46 "Stop, Look and Listen” signs mean nothing here as autos zip over once dan- gerous railway crossing. A Safety Program For YOUR Town EDUCATION—Organize a permanent campaign (not a short-lived “drive”) to secure the co-opera- tion of drivers and pedestrians in reducing acci- nts. —Teach driving in the high schools; safety habits in the elementary schools. —Through safety contests, meetings of civic groups, the press and radio, create a saner attitude toward driving. Fight the speeder, the reckless and drunken driver. The National Safety Council, The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, and the National Bu- teau of Casualty and Surety Underwriters, for example, have prepared detailed programs for more efficient traffic control that almost every community can apply. ENGINEERING—Secure the services of a spe- cially trained traffic engineer. 5 } —Establish an Accident Prevention Bureau in the Police Department and a trained police acci- dent investigation squad. Adopt a standard sys: tem of reporting and recording accidents. «Study hazardous locations and remove poten- tial sources of danger. REGULATION—Adopt the uniform traffic regu- lations and municipal ordinances recommended by National Conference on Street and Highway Safety. Use the signs, signals, markings and traf- fic control devices it recommends. —Set up a motor vehicle inspection lane and issue certificates to safe cars. ENFORCEMENT—Establish an adequate traffic patrol with trained officers. —Set up a special traffic court to deal only with traffic cases. —Abolish ticket-fixing. St. Louis with its depressed highway, and Milwaukee with its Blue Mound Road, all indicate that cities are alert to the principles of the Limited Way. In many other ways the traffic engineer endeavors to reduce highway hazards. For instance, builders of the Albany-Schenectady Highway have supplied underpasses at four [Continued on page 138] Modern Mechanix

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Model Railway Used For Instructing Trainmen HE value of model railway operation as a means of instructing railroad men in the handling of real trains is fully realized by the London Transport Company, operators of the underground railway system in London, En- gland. Applicants for positions with the com- pany must attend a course of instruction at a school which features a complete model rail- way system. The model trains are electrically operated and the cars resemble those used by the com- pany. Supervisors explain railway operation problems by placing the model trains in posi- tions at switches, signal towers, stations, etc. The men are thus taught the proper pro- cedure for handling each problem presented for study. Barriers Reduce Accidents These black-and-white road shoulder barriers create the optical illusion of closing in as intersection is approached, causing drivers to slow up. They reduced South Carolina crashes. NEW and inexpensive method of traffic control originated by the South Carolina State Highway Department consists of non- mechanical black-and-white road shoulder barriers placed along the approaches to dan- gerous traffic intersections. They have served to slow down traffic to such an extent that crossing accidents have practically .been eliminated. The barriers are placed in a position at right angles to the road and along both sides of the road. The space between the barriers is re- duced as the intersection is neared, creating the optical illusion of closing in on the traffic and thus automatically causing the. drivers to slow down. y February, 1937 Upper—Student trainmen in London, England, are taught railway operation through use of model system. Lower—Use of brake and power controls is taught in cab of dummy car. Tailless Airplane Tested OVEL in appearance and said to possess flying qualities superior to those of many airplanes of conventional design, a tailless monoplane has been tested at. Woll-Cham- berlain Airport in Minneapolis, Minn. The new airplane was tested by Prof. John D. Akerman of the University of Minnesota. In design, the tiny craft is practically a flying wing since it has a fuselage only big enough to seat the pilot and to house the engine. Steering is accomplished through two small rudders, one mounted at each of the wing tips. Steered by rudders placed at each wing tip, this tailless monoplane piloted by Prof. John D. Akerman, of the Uni- versity of Minnesota, is said to have excellent flying qualities. 47

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INVENTIONS CONTEST WINNERS SUGGEST IMPROVED HOME AIDS REMOVABLE Above—Washing crumbs, dust, etc., from an electric toaster would be easy if a removable heating unit was developed. Short circuits would be avoided since outer case could be thor- oughly dried before re- placing heater. Right— Thousands of filling sta- tion operators would wel- come a funnel with built in gauge. It would eliminate messy, wasteful overflow, TOASTER HEATING UNIT . SECTIONAL | HAT CABINET Above—Tidy house- wives would like these compact hat cabinets. Installed in closets they would eliminate annoyance of finding hats crushed or on floor. DEAS for improving everyday household movable heating element would not be placed aids predominated the entries Needed Inventions Contest this month. First prize of $25 cash was awarded to Warren Favor, of Boston, Mass., for his suggestion of a removable heating element in electric toasters. Housewives could wash the toaster instead of being confined to brushing out crumbs, ete., if Mr. Favor’s adopted. There would be no danger of a later short-circuit due to a wet wire as the re- 48 suggestion was in the PRIZES First Prize ............... $25.00 in Cash Second Prize ........... 10.00 in Cash Third Prize .......... -5.00 in Cash Three Fourth Prizes 2.00 each Four Fifth Prizes 1.00 each Total—10 Prizes 50.00 in Cash in the water with the rest of the toaster for cleaning. John Houtzer, of Lima, Ohio, won second prize of $10 cash with his suggestion for a compact hat cabinet that could be attached to the shelf of any ordinary cloth- ing closet to eliminate the annoyance of finding one’s hat crushed or on the closet floor as so frequently happens. Thousands of filling station operators would [Continued on page 136] Modern Mechanix

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Claim 65 Miles Per Gallon For Diesel Truck EPORTED operating at a cost of less than one-eighth cent per mile for fuel and lubricating oil, a loaded truck powered with a Diesel engine completed a 2,000-mile test run. Economical operation of 65 miles per gallon of fuel oil was maintained in heavy stop-and-go traffic, it is claimed. A speed of 50 m.p.h. was attained at times. The Diesel engine was developed by the Covic Diesel Engine Co., of Burbank, Calif., and is a two-cylinder, horizontally opposed, four-cycle, water-cooled type. Cold starting of the engine is accomplished either by geared handcrank or an electric starter. The motor develops 15 to 18 horsepower at 500 to 3,500 revolutions per minute. Generates A Million Volts Dr. John G. Trump examines the million-volt electrostatic generator he developed for a Boston hospital. It operates giant X-ray tube to provide radiations for cancer treatments. MILLION-VOLT direct current electro- static generator developed by Dr. John G. Trump, of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, has been installed in Huntington Memorial Hospital of Boston. The high volt- age will be harnessed in a giant X-ray tube to produce radiations for cancer treatments. February, 1937 Top—lInseallation of a Diesel engine in this 11-ton truck resulted in one-eighth cent per mile operating costs. Lower —Cioseup showing the compact 2-cylinder Diesel engine used. America’s Newest Speedboat MERICA’S newest design in speedboats has been developed by Louis Nuta, veteran Italian speedboat enthusiast of Miami, Florida. The craft is powered with two twelve-cylinder motors which develop 900 horsepower using a new type V belt dual roll drive. Nuta hopes to travel at 130 m.p.h. at the Miami International Races in March. In his newly designed speedboat, Louis Nuta, of Miami, Fla.. will try to beat Gar Wood’s record of 124.86 m.p.h. at the International Races in March. Boat has airplane type rudder. 40

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THE. WORLDS — Facing war on wide fronts from foes in both Europe and Asia, the Soviet has built up the vastest fighting machine of to- . day. Here is how it works—and : why it might fail. HE chimes in the ancient clock-tower of the Kremlin strike ten. For hours troops have stood in Red Square, shifting their feet for warmth against the cold as they await the arrival of Joseph Stalin and other members of the Communist hierarchy in the reviewing stand atop Lenin’s tomb just across the plaza. No sooner have the chimes ceased than Stalin, accompanied by a dozen dignitaries, appears on the parapet. A black charger, bearing a trim, gray- haired figure in uniform, his sword raised in 50 Brains for the brawn of the mighty Red Army: Seated, (left to right) Tukashevsky, Commis- sar of Defense, a former aristocrat and slated commander-in-chief in case of war; Voroshilov, Vegesov, chief of staff. Standing, Budonney, chief of Cavalry, and Bleucher, head of Far East Army. Top photo shows peasant cavalry in mountain maneuvers. Commissar of War; salute, dashes into the square, passes the line of rigid troops, now at attention, and, wheel- ing up before the reviewing stand, salutes the leaders. Four military bands strike up the “Internationale,” the Communist anthem. When the last notes have died on the winter air there comes from thousands of deep Modern Mechanix

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BIGGEST ARMY by Joseph M. Baird Artillerymen of Workers and Peas- ants Army spot sky raiders. Soviet war machine is prepared to meet air attacke in both Europe and Asia. Below—Bow of a bomber. Soviet pilots have reputation for bravery and skill, but experts criticize slow- ness of planes, calf motors inferior. February, 1937 « throats an indescribable roar—a shout of challenge and exultation. The lone rider—Klementi Voroshilov, Commissar of War —wheels his horse and dashes to the other end of Red Square. He is presenting to Stalin and the Politbureau a symbol of the giant military machine the Soviet Union has built from the ragged soldiers who crushed Tsardom. From the side of the square opposite Voroshilov there emerge the first marching ranks of the Red Army, clad in greenish drab, their peaked woolen caps emblazoned with a red star. First, infantrymen, thousands and thousands of them, marching across the great plaza whose cobble-stones have been soaked with the blood of Russian warriors since the great stone Kremlin was nothing but a rude, log fortress. They pass in waves for at least an hour, their swords and bayonets flashing in the wan wintry sun. Then comes Budonney’s cavalry, whose history is interwoven with the campaign against General Wrangel and the reconquer- ` ing of the Ukraine from the Poles. Bands play the “Budonney Cavalry March” and the well-trained horses keep time with the grace and precision of ballet dancers. Now there is a stir among the foreign military attaches who stand in a favored posi- tion just below Lenin’s tomb. What has gone before is mere

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has been placed on a “garrison” status, which means that about 75 per cent of the troops are stationed at places of strategic importance. No official figure for Red Army reserves has ever been announced, but a representative of the War Office told the All-Union Executive Committee recently that reserves equalled those of 1914, just before the World War. Then they totalled 10,000,000 men, and that may be taken as a reliable current figure. Russia’s army is highly mechanized; just how highly no one outside the War Office and the Kremlin knows, but as long ago as Janu- ary, 1934, Voroshilov boasted that its mechanization was higher per man-power unit than that of either the British or Ameri- can armies, There may he, of course, a higher percentage of machine guns, tanks and armored cars per man-power unit, without this equipment being equal in quality to that Red soldiers man a machine gun in forest. The best dressed of all the Russians, snow and freezing weather fail to faze them on their icy battlefields. This big gun is easy to un- limber as it lumbers up to firing line on caterpiller wheels. The Red Army, biggest in world, is said to have highest percentage of technical equipment per man of any fighting force. Besides standing army of 1,350,000 men, there are 10,000,000 in reserve. of some of the other armies. A military at- tache of one of the large powers with whom I discussed this question asserted positively that the Russian equipment was inferior in quality. However, he added the point: that, if Russia had sufficient technical equipment, it could make up in sheer quantity what it lacked in quality. In the field of aviation close secrecy also is observed, but here it is possible to be some.. what more specific. A strength of 7,000 planes was announced in November. A figure near that is generally accepted by foreign military attaches in Moscow. Russian pilots. have a reputation for bravery, skill, quick-thinking and prompt nervous reflexes—the qualities of an excellent flier, But, in the opinion of foreign military men, the material of the Russian air force is considerably inferior to that of Germany, Italy, Great Britain and the United States. Indeed, Voroshilov has publicly admitted that the great weakness of the air force is the inferior quality of its motors. Russia has imported some foreign engines, but manu- factures nothing comparable to the 1,250- horsepower giants which drive the latest types of American military planes. The Soviet state, probably because of the threat of prompt retaliation by air which it wants to hold over Japan to discourage that country from invading Siberia, has placed great emphasis on heavy bombers. I have seen in the air at one time as many as three squadrons of these giant, four-motored ships with a tremendous bomb carrying capacity, and they came from a single field in European Russia. It is understood that most of them are stationed in the Far East, in the area around Vladivostok. They are capable of [Continued on page 138]

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Parisian Police Install Two-Way Radio System Lefr— Two-way radios make conversation possi- ble between French police headquarters and cruising patrol vans. Above—lIn- stallation in van. Bicycle Rickshaw Devised ASTER and more humane than the old type hand-pulled rickshaw, which made its human operator a beast of burden, a new pedaled vehicle has made its appearance in Penang, British Malaya. If successful, a fleet of 50 will be placed in operation. The pedal rickshaw was developed by a Chinese and consists of a metal tubing chassis to which a covered rickshaw body has been attached. The front of the vehicle resembles a bicycle and the operator, seated on a regular bicycle seat, can motivate and steer the rick- shaw by means of pedals and handlebars. Pedaled like a bicycle, this new type rickshaw has speeded up street transportation in British Malaya. Invented by a Chinese, the odd locking vehicle replaces the old hand pulled rickshaw. 54 S AN aid in the swift apprehension of criminals, the Paris (France) police de- partment has installed two-way radio sets in its patrol autos and vans. The short wave sets make it possible to receive and transmit messages between the central police head- quarters building and the cruising patrols throughout the city. Before adoption of the new sets, the police cars were equipped with sets for receiving broadcast messages only. Until the police personnel acquired skill in the operation of the new equipment, a corps of radio experts was retained to provide in- struction. Similar two-way radio sets are being installed by the New York City fire department. Hawaii Changes Road Signs Because Hawaiian signs showing a warrior pointing were de- clared undignified. authorities devised new signs showing war- ciors with folded arms. Young lady holds signs for comparison. ECAUSE Hawaiian societies and his- torians objected to metal roadside signs depicting Hawaiian warriors pointing to local attractions, on the grounds that a warrior would never assume such an undignified pose, authorities have replaced the signs with new ones in which the warriors merely stand with folded arms. They are the only type of out- door sign allowed in Hawaii. Modern Mechanix

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Priest Develops Practical Psychogalvanometer PSYCHOGALVANOMETER invented by Father Walter G. Summers, head of the department of psychology at Fordham University in New York City, is said to be a practically infallible lie detecting device. The apparatus consists of two boxes. One, resembling a radio set, contains a system of balanced electric circuits. The other, a milliammeter, produces a chart tracing of the emotional reactions of the person being tested. The combined apparatus amplifies the electrical charge inherent in the human body to such an extent that variations, caused by the emotions, cause a change in the tracing. Awarded Hoover Gold Medal Honored by representatives of America’s four ranking engineer- ing societies, Ambrose Swasey, Cleveland, Ohio, manufacturer of scientific instruments, was awarded Hoover Gold Medal. HE American Society of Mechanical Engineers has cited Ambrose Swasey, chairman of Warner & Swasey Co., Cleveland Manufacturers of turret lathes and telescopes, to receive the Hoover Gold Medal, awarded by engineers to a fellow engineer for dis- tinguished service. Mr. Swasey, 90 years old, has devoted his life to the development of scientific instru- ments. In 1914, he established the Engineer- ing Foundation for sponsoring research. February, 1937 A EN Qa ee qe ee eee ee. se ee oe ee eee a ese Ae ee | Seis re mea A ae = A Sead ee as eee ee Ee ees ele ai B/S SSE ee ie ae as ere : Ae Top—Father Walter G. Summers, of Fordham University, tests Dorothy O'Day with his psychogalvanometer. Device indicates when person lies by tracing lines on chart. Bottom— Wavy lines on chart indicate emotional reactions to questions. Model Ship Has Real Crew AS PART of a program developed to cele- brate Navy Week in England, a small sailing model of Sir Francis Drake’s famous ship, the Golden Hind, was constructed. Placed in the sea at Devonport, she sailed for Fowey with a small crew aboard to take part in the naval parade there. En route, heavy seas forced the tiny vessel to seek the safety of the harbor at Looe where she awaited more favorable conditions. Later, she sailed the Devon and Cornish seas serv- ing as a comparison with present day battle- ships of the Royal Navy. Modeled to represent Sir Francis Drake’s famous ship, the Golden Hind, this tiny vessel and a special crew took part in Navy week celebration in England. Storm almost wrecked it. 55

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Ghost Ship Sails Arctic Locked in the relentless icy grip of the polar pack, the Baychimo now Arctic. drifts aimlessly year after year, a ghost ship of the When Capt. Cornwall and his crew abandoned the Baychimo in 1931 after removing her million dollar fur cargo, they built a shelter nearby. Next morning the ship had vanished, carried away by the polar pack. RIDE of the Hudson Bay Company’s fleet in 1922, the Baychimo, 1,300-ton steel steamer, navigated the ice filled seas of the Arctic regions for nine successive years with- out accident. Then, in 1931, a blinding gale locked her in the polar pack to be abandoned by her crew. Never before had an ‘abandoned ship escaped being crushed in the ice for more than two seasons, yet, for years since she has 56 we : Ridges of ice 75 3 feet high abound in the polar pack, yet the Baychimo has resisted its 7 crushing embrace forsix years. Cease- lessly drifting, the pack carries the Baychimo through- out the western Arctic, a ship with- out a crew, or port. been sighted, drifting northward with the polar pack. In 1933, the Baychimo was boarded by Captain Polson, of the schooner Trader, and found in good condition except for her propeller which had been carried away. ‘ As late as 1936 the ghost ship still appeared, drifting aimlessly. Modern Mechanix

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Obsolete Autos Utilized NOVEL and practical way of training high school students to be safe drivers has been developed at the Lane Technical School in Chicago, Ill. Obsolete autos are cut down until only the driver’s seat, brake, clutch and shifting lever controls remain. These are used as desks by the students. The controls are wired to lamps mounted on a panel in the classroom which enables the instructor, William A. Sears, to check each student’s reaction to traffic situations flashed onto a motion picture screen. After this primary instruction, the students drive real cars over a $35,000 practice course featuring every type of lane, curve, grade, etc. Harpoon-Rifle Spears Fish This young lady is demonstrating a harpoon-rifle invented by W. M. Edwards, of Miami, Fla. Powered by rubber bands, it shoots arrow into fish which is then retrieved by reel and line. OWERED by stout rubber bands, a home- made harpoon-rifle invented by W. M. Edwards, of Miami, Florida, actually spears fish. A slender arrow is tied to the line of a fishing reel under the rifle barrel. Steel springs in the muzzle prevent the arrow from slipping into the water when the gun is aimed. February, 1937 To Teach Safe Driving Lane Technical School students in Chicago, Ill., are taught how to drive on dummy cars. Controls wired to lamp panel enable W. A. Sears, instructor, to check student’s reaction. Highway Device Counts Cars N ELECTRIC eye device designed for highway use automatically counts the number of autos passing a given point and records days, hours and minutes. In addition, it prints a running total once every hour to- gether with the time at which the count is printed. The apparatus, invented by the Interna- tional Business Machines Corp., N. Y. City, consists of two main sections. One contains photo-electric tubes and two receiving lenses. The other section contains two light sources which are positioned at opposite sides of the road. Infra-red filters render the light beams practically invisible to the naked eye, thereby eliminating any possibility of annoyance to motorists. Pedestrians passing the light beams have no effect on the counting appa- ratus. State highway bureaus use the device for traffic checking purposes. Placed along a highway sọ passing autos intercept its light beams, this device automatically counts each car and prints a total once every hour. Passing pedestrians do not effect it. 57

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FIGHTING IKE a roaring cyclone, a 75,000,000 cubic foot gas well three miles off shore in Lake Maracaibo, famous Venezuela oi! region, prematurely blew in wild and caught fire, a huge weaving 200-foot torch blazing out of the water. The raging fury offered a problem local engineers could not solve. Capping a wild gasser on land is difficult enough, but one out in the water had even the experts stumped. In the excitement someone thought of Myron M. Kinley, oil well fire fighter of Houston, Texas. “Get Kinley!” is the cry in the oil fields of the world when anything goes wrong and fire breaks out. Immediately the radio splut- tered an SOS to Kinley, and a few hours later he and his brother, Floyd, of Tulsa, Oklahoma, were on their way by plane to tame the wild geyser, which belonged to the Largo Petroleum Co., a subsidiary of Stand- ard Oil. While the brothers were enroute the big gasser unexpectedly turned into a 6,000-bar- rel oil well and, of course, blazing. This changed the problem. When the Kinleys reached Maracaibo and saw what they had to tackle they decided that Oil well blazing in Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, with flames shooting 200 feet in air (left); below, the Kinley brothers, in asbestos suits, pull out hot metal to prevent fire recurring after flames are extitiguished by “bombs.”

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4 OIL WELL FIRES Going to work in asbestos suits, daredevil flame-eaters are happily at home in the raging infernos of Nature gone wild, and danger only adds zest to their lives. by Gerald F. Benedict the only thing to do was to let the well burn while they devised a way to stop it. What they did amazed en- gineers and, when it was all over, even the Kinleys were surprised themselves at their success. Picking up a huge 94-foot, 25,000- pound derrick in a single piece, they towed it intact on three barges toa | spot 600 feet from the blazing well. % Then they drilled an offset well, slanting to the base of the blaze. Tap- ping the oil sand at the bottom and pumping mud and water at the base of the fiery geyser, they automatically shut off the flow of oil. Next the Kinleys placed a special cap, set in cement, at the mouth of the well to prevent oil from seeping into the lake when the well was re-opened Myron M. Kinley, world’s most famous oil well fire fighter and (inset) Tex Thornton, another man at home in a roaring inferno. and placed on production. As the brothers frantically dug into the lake bottom to douse the geyser, there was always the threat that flaming oil would pour onto the surface of the lake, with staggering damage. It had happened once before in the case of another well, and the oil companies were swamped with law suits after the burning oil had traveled over the water to the city of Maracaibo, with a population of more than 100,000, and nearly wiped it out in addition to damaging 59

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Derrick floor of a drilling well. Heavy equipment is often blown sky high by premature wells, and in case of fire is molten and must be removed. a dozen other beach towns along the way. Their unique fire fighting feat accom- plished, Floyd casually admitted that he, guessed an entire steel derrick had not before been hauled to the scene by barge. To this engineers agreed. The usual method of moving rigs of such huge dimensions is to tear them down and rebuild them on the new site. It generally requires a week to tear down and another week to rebuild, but a high powered crew has been known to de- molish and re-erect a derrick on land in 48 hours. It would have been next to impossible to do this in water. Answering long distance fire alarms is nothing new to the Kinleys. They have tamed a hundred oil and gas well fires in American fields, while Myron also has sub- dued fires in Mexico, the Argentine, Colombia and Roumania. The Venezuela expedition was Floyd’s first trip to a foreign field. 60 Myron Kinley first came into international fame following his successful six months’ battle with the world’s most famous oil well fire—-that of the Standard Oil well in Moreni, Roumania—which burned for 18 months, kill- ing nine men and injuring scores of others before Kinley took charge. Traveling with full equipment by land, sea and air from his office in Houston to Roumania, Kinley made the longest fire run on record—7,000 miles. Something of the problem confronting Kinley in extinguishing the man-made voleano in Roumania may be imagined if you can visualize a crater 260 feet in diameter at the surface in which a blaze 60 feet wide sends a steady, roaring flame 30 feet over the top of the crater. Developing a temperature of 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit, the fire consumed 250,000,000 cubic feet of gas a day, a supply sufficient to meet the entire domestic needs of Detroit, Michigan, for ten days. Recalling that job recently, Kinley said: “That fire was the meanest I ever worked on. The well caught fire on May 22, 1929, and burned until November 4, 1931. Tunnels, dug to tap the gas flow from beneath the surface, l had caved in and gas seeped through the ground in a wide area and spread the blaze. But it wouldn’t have been so bad if we hadn’t been delayed so Floyd Kinley, chief as- sistant to his famous brother. At right is blazing well in Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, whichthe Kinley brothers put out, trans- porting 25,000-pound steel derrick intact to scene of action, an en- gineering feat which was unusual in itself. =. Modern Mechanix

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much by Government red tape. Old World superstitions about fooling with the phenom- enon of Nature added to the difficulty. We had to show this and that committee that we could put out fire with explosives. Fear and ignorance played its part. Danger, ingenuity, perseverence and the help of the Lord, ac- cording to the Roumanian papers, were com- bined in extinguishing the blaze. They should have included the King, too, for it was not until the arguments were ended by his decree that we finally were able to get to work, “After shooting the walls of the crater with innumerable charges which smothered the outer blaze with mud and dirt, we succeeded in installing a 30-foot metal stack in a manner that drew the flames to a central point. Several times after the fire had been snuffed out, it re-ignited from the hot ground and pieces of molten metal we could not remove. When the fire finally was definitely out, we connected the gas flow to the lines of a gaso- line plant, and it is still functioning.” But what causes these dread fires? As the well is drilled, casing pipe is inserted to protect the hole from water seepage and cave-ins. When the oil or gas sand is reached, the drilling tools are withdrawn and control valves placed on top of the casing and con- nected with storage tanks. This is done just before drilling into oil or gas sand be- cause, as a rule, oil or gas does not immediately flow when sand is struck. It is the well shooter’s job to tap this February, 1937 sand. Oil sand is like a sponge, and may be from three to 150 feet thick. From five to 300 quarts of nitroglycerin are lowered down the casing to the well’s bottom and set off. The explosion breaks up the oil sand, so that it releases the oil much as a soaked sponge releases water when pressed. Gas pressure pushes the oil to the surface and, as the oil comes up, the valves are adjusted and the well becomes a producer. However, there are times when wells come in prematurely, without the need of explosives and before the tools are out of the shaft or the valves installed. It is not unusual for drilling tools, weighing tons, to be blown through the top of a 120-foot derrick by the gas, which often reaches a pressure of 3,000 pounds to the square inch. This, of course, means the well is out of control, and there is always the threat of fire which may instantly reach a temperature of from 300 to 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit, burning the derrick like a paper bag in a furnace and reducing the steel and iron equipment to a glowing mass of metal. Oil well fires can be caused in a number of [Continued on page 118] This oil well fire in Roumania blazed for 18 months, killing nine men and injuring scores. Myron Kinley, answering the longest fire run on record—7,000 miles—finally put it out after the King cut red tape, gave him a free hand against the superstitious natives and dubious, busybody officials. 61

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Einstein Invents Automatic Electric Eye Camera by Walters Kiisken Prof. Albert Einstein, noted physicist, was granted patent, shown above, on a Light Intensity Self-Adjusting Camera. Dr. Gustav Bucky, New York University radiologist, is co-inventor. Receiver Has Clock Tuner NOVEL radio receiving set designed by Austrian radio engineers features a clock and dial combination that increases the pleasure and convenience of listening to broadcasts. The cabinet is made of rare wood and is modernistic in appearance. The small dials on the face of the receiver are connected to the electric clock in such a manner that the set owner can arrange for the set to automatically tune in any desired station at any predetermined time. The tun- ing dial lists more than 100 local and foreign stations that can be heard with the set. The set resembles typical American receivers in general appearance. The compact radio receiver shown above was developed by Austrian engineers. Its cabinet of rare wood houses a unit of advanced design, featuring improvements that aid reception. Dial at left side of set is a volume control. Three center dials are used to select program from over 100 stations listed. Left--Close-up of electric clock tuning dials. 62 ATTORNEY, 2,058,562 ROFESSOR ALBERT EIN- STEIN, famed for his theories on relativity and the universe, is a practical inventor as well. The U. S. Patent Office has granted the noted physicist and Dr. Gustav Bucky, consulting radiologist at New York University, who is co- inventor, a patent covering a Light Intensity Self-Adjusting Camera. Professor Einstein also holds British and American patents on improvements in gas-burning refrigerators and Dr. Bucky is in- ventor of a diaphragm used in X-ray photography. The camera device uses a photo-electric cell which automatically in- creases or decreases light entering a camera by moving a tiny light filter graduated from zero to complete transparency: Astroglobe Aids Amateurs Device rotates every 24 hours to represent motion of celestial bodies around the earth, imagined to be at exact center of globe. This astroglobe has 24 constellations marked on it. NEW astroglobe device enables student and amateur astronomers to determine the approximate position of any of the prin- cipal constellations for any date, place, or time. It is also possible to ascertain the posi- tions of the planets in their constant orbital movements. K. N. Munro, an amateur as- tronomer of London, England, is inventor. Modern Mechanix

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Swedish Railways Develop Mobile Power Plants ARRYING out a policy of electrifying their main lines, the Swedish State Rail- ways have developed, and are putting into service, a number of transportable motor generators. The powerful generators are mounted and housed on specially designed railroad cars. Current to run the fast Swedish electric trains is generated at a number of water power plants. From these plants it is led to various transforming stations throughout the country. Heretofore, these transformers were of the traditional stationary variety, but the new mobile equipment will replace them. The stationary transformers, however, will be maintained for emergency use. To Handle A small quantity of a new explosive mangled this steel I beam in tests to de- termine effectiveness. The explosive is safe to handle, and won't explode even when thrown into a stove. Used in quarries, no time is lost in clearing operations as fumes are unnoticeable. Explosive Safe N EXPLOSIVE that combines safety in manufacture with greater strength and more efficiency in operation has been de- veloped. The powder does not deteriorate with age and no chemical reaction takes place when it is kept in storage. The new powder cannot be exploded by shock, nor by ignition. If struck with a hammer, or if a quantity is thrown into an open stove, it will not explode. It is set off by means of a No. 6 cap of fulminate of mercury and a fuse. Standard government tests indicate that the new explosive powder has an increased efficiency, gram for gram, over that of nitro- glycerin explosives. When used, the powder does not develop noxious fumes. February, 1937 Replacing the old type of stationary power generating stations, these new type mobile generators will provide current for running the fast electric traine of Sweden’s main railways. Steam Traction Model Works WORKING model of “Old Betsy,” one of the oldest American traction engines, was constructed by L. K. Woods, of Mendon, Utah. The tiny engine is fired with a blow torch until 20 pounds of steam pressure is raised, sufficient to make it run forward or in reverse. The boiler is made of scrap metal, electri- cally welded, and can stand 80 pounds pres- sure, The drive wheels are made of wrought iron with welded rims, wire spokes, turned hub, and lugs riveted on spoke ends. Tin cans are used for fuel boxes. L. K. Woods, of Mendon. Utab, owns the oldest steam trac- tion engine in the Rockies. He built this working model of it which weighs 26 pounds and is 1914” long, 111%” high. 63

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SELECTIVE TRIGGERS PERMIT EITHER oe A RED OR A GREEN BEAM TO BE TRAIN- -ED ON THE PILOT TO BE SIGNALLED SIGHTING TUBE “Hello, Newark—" “All clear? Can I land?” Hundreds of times daily the Newark Airport Controller must answer these radio- phone questions from pilots. BEAMIS Ț7 VISIBLE 5 MILES IN DAYLIGHT MORE 4 THAN 8 AT NIGHT. THE TRAFFIC BEAM OR VISUAL SIGNAL iS USED TO REGULATE ALL NON-RADIO EQUIPPED TRAFFIC ENTERING OR LEAVING NEWARK SHIP “CLEAREOIN* MANEUVERING TO uw" EFFECT LANDING by Douglas Rolfe ANEMOMETER EASTERN T.WA(TOP) (WIND VELOCITY) AIR LINES _ UNITED(BELOW) IS SRT coNT SWITH PANEL, STAIRWAY TO ITINERANT FLIERS AIRWAYS CON ALTIMETER & BAROMETER AIRWAYS UNITEDAIR LINES STAND-BY SET INTERPHONE FLOOR PLAN i EASA rabid E KANS ANEMOSCOPE GLAS: (WIND DIRECTION) WALKWAY : À RECORDING | APPARATUS KEY TO RADIOPHONE EQUIPMENT RECEIVING SETS ONLY... SEPARATE SPEAKERS SPEAKERS ATTACHED Above—Floor plan of Traffic Control Tower showing layout of the equipment. Left— From the tower, the Traffic Controller has an unobstructed view of the sky and field. He contacts all planes. EWARK AIRPORT—busiest air terminal in the United States, if not the entire world—is equipped with every device known to science for the efficient control of air traffic. The huge air liners of the United, TWA, American Airways, and Eastern Air Lines are enabled to arrive and depart with a maximum of safety and minimum loss of time. Itinerant private and commercial planes are also efficiently controlled at this most modern airport. The base of the Traffic Con- teol Tower forms the Airways Control Room. Charts showing position of planes en route are plotted every 15 minutes. 64 A small glass enclosure atop the Administration Building houses the Traffic Controller and his assistant who have an unobstructed view of the field and sky ‘in every direction. Two Modern Mechanix

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How COLLISION RISKS ARE MINIMIZED ; FLIGHT PATH OF INBOUND TRIP > i pL PS tae nae ES (AO? EE RL ene mr Set oe omen etn le ATE ARRS AN VERBALLY ADVISED.. A ; PILOT REFORTS POSION ALTITUDE A THE CORRECT ALTITUDE TO ASSUME AND ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL Nae IN ORDER TO BE "IN THES CLEAR” - TOWER

Ww he a pe PILOTS INFORMED OF —3, TENS THEIR PROXIMITY TO <a ONE ANOTHER BY THE 7 CONTROL TRAFFIC CONTROLLER, ~” z \ : ss

eee Reg | FLIGHT PATH OF OUTBOUND TRIP LAST RADIO MARKER __ y EN ROUTE TO AIRPORT

-TẸ usine tHe :Ẹ VISUAL SIGNAL

CARDBOARD MARKERS .. SHOW APPROXIMATE The Traffic Controller at Newark Airport uses radiophone and light beams to direct air traffic. Pilots without radio equipment are advised by red or green light beams directed at plane. when to land or take ofi. men are on duty night and day. An Airways Control Room is located in the base of the Traffic Controller’s tower, Here, the radio- phone reports from planes en route are re- ceived and charts showing the approximate position, speed, and altitude of every plane in transit are plotted at 15 minute intervals. Incoming planes radio their approach to the field and the Traffic Controller, informed by the “AC” room as to the nearness of other February, 1937 TRANSMITTER ECT MOVEMENTS INTO AND OUT - JF THE PORT, THE TOWER IS NOR- LY MANNED BY A CREW OF 2-

Planes are advised approaching planes, radios back directions as to what altitude to approach the field at, weather conditions, direction of wind, ete. Approaching the field at the specified alti- tude, the pilot soon receives a message that the field is “clear” and a landing can be made. Outgoing planes are informed as to when they can take off and what altitude must be reached before a turn onto the desired course is permissible. Collision danger is eliminated. 6 n

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Compact X-Ray Apparatus Aids German Industry Through the use of this newly developed compact X-ray ap- paratus with its 450-wate tube, German industrial plants detect hidden fiaws in their raw materials or finished products. Tiny Aero-Radio Developed ESIGNED for aircraft use, a new radio receiver weighs only 534 pounds as com- pared with the average aircraft radio’s weight of 30 pounds. It operates on the 12-volt cur- rent of the airplane’s battery and is said to have ample range even under adverse condi- tions. l Developed by a Tulsa, Okla., radio firm, the receiver has two ranges of reception. One, for receiving government weather reports and flying beam broadcasts, and the other for ordinary reception, Above—After two years of experiment- ing, these Tulsa, Okla., engineers produced an aircraft radio that weighs only 534 Ibs. (Left to right)—Serge Scherbatskoy, L. Ducker, W. G. Green, and Lt. W. B. Trundle. Left—-Close-up of set. 66 N EFFICIENT small X-ray machine has been developed by German laboratory technicians to aid industrial plants in detect- ing flaws in their raw materials and finished products which are not discernible by ordi- nary inspection methods. To operate the apparatus it is only necessary to plug it to any convenient lighting socket. Red signaling lamps indicate when the machine has been turned on. Any disturb- ance of the usual smooth running of the device causes a rise in temperature which, through a thermostatic control, causes a loud horn to sound. Because the machine generates con- siderable heat while operating it was neces- sary to insure proper cooling by running water coils through the oil-box that lubricates the apparatus. The compact machine was designed with maximum consideration to the factors of good conductivity, short exposure period, adapta- bility, safety and simplicity, as well as to the problem of small space requirements. Classes Held In R. R. Cars Passenger coaches loaned by the Great Northern and North- etn Pacific Railways were fitted up as science laboratories and classrooms when an earthquake ruined Helena, Mont., school. ORE than 1,000 high school students in Helena, Mont., are attending classes held in 18 passenger coaches of the Great Northern and Northern Pacific Railway. The coaches were loaned to the school authorities after an earthquake had ruined the school. The cars were placed on a siding and a cen- tral plant for heating the entire group was devised. In most of the coaches, the students use the familiar plush seats, but in cars used for science and other classes requiring lab- oratory equipment the seats were replaced with tables, racks, etc. Modern Mechanix

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Dr. Elihu Thomson, Dean of Inventors by Aubrey D. McFadyen TEACHER: © + Quiet Dr. Elihu Thomson is the inven- tor behind more than 700 patents. To him they are but one of his many side lines as shown at right. Left-—His hobby is astronomy. He calls himself an ‘“‘amateur,’’ but astronomers disagree. This is the first of a series of articles on the leading American inventors of our time. Next month Dr. Miller Reese Hutchinson will be introduced in these pages. R. ELIHU THOMSON, the revered “dean of American engineers,” is one of the truly great pioneers in the field of electricity; but he is no less truly a pioneer in pure science. He is a person of international renown, for his influence, like that of all great intellects, transcends the boundaries of nations, and will endure beyond the calendars of the years. Although Elihu Thomson has won fame as scientist, inventor, organizer, engineer, and man of business, the world still regards him as a school teacher. For over sixty years the title of “professor” has been affectionately associated with his name. He is, in fact, by temperament and attitude the ideal teacher— unfailingly patient, mentally magnetic, in personality endearing. Elihu Thomson’s education was gained from the public schools of Philadelphia, graduating from Central High School there in 1870. For ten years immediately following his graduation he taught in the same institution. At first Prof. Thomson taught chemistry and physics. But electricity gradually lured him from these first loves. In his spare time he studied electricity by himself. Later he began teaching this subject to night classes in the Philadelphia schools, as well as lecturing at the Franklin Institute. Ideas began to crowd forward early in the career of this vigorous mind. As a remarkably young high school professor, for he was still in his teens, he advanced the theory, in a series of public lectures, that all forms of electricity are but manifesta- tions of the same thing-—at that period a new idea indeed. [Continued on page 126] February, 1937 O7

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- TIN CAN What makes the “tin can” tin—tinning machines plating sheets of steel to supply the big canning industries. by Nelson H. Budd An antique can of corn, the granddaddy of today’s stream- lined can (right). This relic of the present industry was handmade in a Maine cannery. February, 1937 Napoleon, defeated by Nature—his armies starved on retreat from Moscow, first dreamed of victories by preserving food to feed his men. Had canned rations been available he might have conquered world. canisters. Copies of the yellowed order books of the salesmen show that they almost always abbreviated their notes, as “tin cans.” or “cans.” And thus the word got into the ver- nacular to stay. Every now and then a new canned product seizes public acceptance and shoots the manufacture’ of cans up into the millions. Within the past two years beer in cans has swept the country. Since this has occurred, the consumption of packaged beer, which formerly stood at 25% of the total output, has risen to 35%. The phenomenal success of beer in cans has led vineyardists to the conclusion that - wine also can become a profitable and popu- lar tinned product. Nine wineries, alarmed at the present ex- orbitant prices of their product in highly- 69

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Conveyer belt carrying empty cans to the produr- tion line in Hawaiian Pineapple Company, Ltd., cannery. At right, tomato inapection fine in Kemp Brothers’ Packing Company in Maryland. taxed liquor stores, which have tended to swing purchases in favor or beer and hard liquor, plan to encourage consumption of domestic wine by offering it inexpensively in cans in grocery stores as an adjunct to the home menus. The entire history of the tin can is dotted with revolutionary occurrences of this nature. In fact, the chronology of can making is com- pletely tied up with the history of canning. The two are inter-dependent, like the chicken and the egg. Which came first, manufacture of canned foods or manufacture of containers to hold them? As a matter of fact, the two have grown to man’s estate, in perfect pace. Each has contributed to the other's growth. An improved canning process might bring a new food into the market, thus creat- ing demand for millions more cans. Or an improvement in actual can manufacture would in turn make possible new production volume in canned foods. The phenomenal growth of the manufacture of tin cans has been caused by the increase in canned foods consumption, and it works both ways. No history of the tin can is possible without bringing in alongside it, the history of the art of canning. The tin can is chiefly important because it makes possible what the inventor of the method of food preserving set out to ac- complish 140 years ago—a way to cook food and to contain it, so that it would be edible for long periods of time. The method of preserving food originated in France; the method of manufacturing the tin can, in England; but the development, both of food preservation and can construction to today’s remarkable status, is American. 70 Nicolas Appert, who invented the canning process in 1809, in a hope to feed Napoleon's huge armies. Back in 1795 nearly every nation in Europe was fighting France and she had revolution at home. The Government needed some method of feeding its armies abroad andiits sailors at sea. Scurvy ravaged the sailors; foraging was not always feasible in the Napoleonic campaigns. A prize was offered to the Frenchman who would solve the prob- lem. It was won by Nicolas Appert in 1809, though he’d been working on it long before the prize was offered. He was the Father of Canning and there- fore, the Father of the Tin Can, although his first experiments were performed with glass jars and bottles, closed with corks. Appert’s theory, worked out long before Pasteur. is Modern Mechanix

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the theory still followed by commercial can- ners today. He sterilized the food by heat and he sealed the container hermetically. Though his apparatus was crude and awk- ward, he was painstaking and thorough, and he perfected a theory, and put it to the test that has proved one of the greatest benefac- tions to mankind’s comfort and health. In the fourth edition of Appert’s treatise on his new method of preserving foods he mentions the use of canisters. But the French were poor artisans in tin and Appert had to make them in his own factory. He had tin plate of poor quality and numerous other difficulties, and though he applied his best resources to the problem, Appert’s real con- tribution was the all important method of These three, snapped as they strolled the board walk in Atlantte City in 1923. are the men who put over the modern can. Left to right, George Cobb. Sr., the late Charles Ams and the late Wil- liam Y. Bogle. Racks of cans cooling after cooking (center of page). Workman of Hawaiian Pineapple Company, Ltd., conveying the filled cans to the storeroom, while photo at right is typical scene instorage where cans await fancy labels. February, 1937 processing foods, rather than the invention or development of the container. While Appert was thus engaged, an Englishman named Peter Durand obtained a patent in 1810 for a tin plate canister. Now we see the first tin can emerging out of his- tory. It was cylindrical, like the one we see coloring our grocery and pantry shelves today, but was made entirely by hand. The

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The ends of the body are next turned back in op- posite directions. Ends lock when blank is curved. Flat sheet of tin plate cut into size for body of the can. Notches help to make the sealing process perfect. The body of the can now receives a second flux bath and then solder, which is- al- ways on the outside of the seam only. sie aa The hooks are brought to- The reason for the F gether and pressed to form notches at corners. 4 1 the seam. The extra thickness Without notches k is inside the container. thete would be four 1 layers of tinplate at the seam, which would make sealing dificult indeed. The final operation is done by a machine called the flanger, which A double seamer machine curls the rim in an outward flare at each end. It is now ready to re- j folds the ends and the ceive ite ends. The can manufacturer puts one end on, and the can- body tightly together, mak- ner puts top on. Can manufacture and canning are different industries. ing solder unnecessary. raw material was lavishly tinned iron sheet Using shears and a soldering iron, a tinsmith cut an oblong piece. of tin, curved it and soldered its ends together to form the body. Then he cut a round piece for the bottom of the can, bending its edges over a circular mandrel, and soldered this on one end. After this was filled with fruit, fish, vegetable or meat, a similar round piece was soldered on the top. A small hole was left in the top so that air could escape as the food in the can expanded while the can boiled. With the can still hot, a drop of solder closed the hole. Sometimes a little globule of this solder dropped down inside the food, but in those days people didn’t mind so much. With Appert’s method and Durand’s canis- ter, meat was successfully put up for sea voyages. The canning industry had been launched and the can making industry was on its way. Appert, who received a prize of g z 12,000 francs from Napoleon, had really 4 “maga aR started four great industries—canning, can Round ica úi s manufacture, canning machinery manufac- suparagus geti a "Yallowmedé sunate confiner [Continued on page 132] Sardines are another food that must be pampered., 72 Modern Mechanix

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Lug Type Anti-Skid Device Aids Heavy Trucks NEW type of anti-skid equip- + ment for dual tired vehicles ` is said to require 50% less motive power for pulling through adverse road conditions than is required by conventional skid chains. The new equipment can be installed without the aid of jacks and can be put in place even though the vehicle is mired to the axle in mud, snow, sand, etc. The anti-skid device, invented by W. P. Wannemacher, a Bloom- ington, Ill., garage operator, con- sists of several drop forge lugs, heat treated and case hardened, attached independently to a center fastening chain. In tests, the lugs withstood hundreds of miles of driving over bare pave- ments. Device fits all standard wheels. Kodak Official Gets Medal skid device mired axle truck pulls quagmire. Dr. C. B. Kenneth Mees, Eastman Kodak Company research official, was awarded the annual Progress Medal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers for his outstanding work in pho- togeaphy, particularly in advancing field of amateur movies. HE Society of Motion Picture Engineers has awarded its annual Progress Medal to Dr. C. E. Kenneth Mees, vice-president in charge of research for the Eastman Kodak Company of Rochester, N. Y. In 1935, Dr. Mees perfected a three-color movie process. February, 1937 Above=~Close-up of the new type anti- truck. Simple in construction, they can placed on wheel even when truck is mark showing how transmission dragged. ed installed on a dual tired deep. Right—A_ three-ton itself from black gumbo Note clean tracks out and Scout Devises Steamboat SING a flat bottomed metal rowboat and materials gathered from scrap piles and junk heaps, a Sea Scout at Creve Couer Lake in St. Louis County, Mo., constructed a paddle wheel steamboat. The craft travels at a speed of five miles per hour. In building his boat, Homer Wieser, youth- ful inventor, salvaged an old boiler from a local scrap pile. He tested the boiler for 125 pounds hydrostatic pressure and then set the safety valve for 65 pounds. From another junk pile he salvaged an engine. With hand made drive wheels grooved to take a V type motor belt, and with the help of an idler, he created a friction drive which transmits power to twin, six-bladed paddle wheels. A tin can serves as a whistle and the boiler is wood-fired by Wieser’s brother. Thie odd looking paddle wheel steamboat was built by Homer Wieser (left), a Sea Scout, and his brother from materials gathered from scrap piles. power. Boiler is wood-fired to provide A tin can serves as a whistle for the strange craft. 73

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aha S, SEE, SAE, S E SERVICING 200 TRAINS Long Island Plant of Pennsyl- _ | vania, Greatest Passenger I. Yard in World, Achieves Hourly Miracles Oiling, § Cleaning, Refrigerating, Re- = pairing Its Array of Stream- lined Marvels. rs $ by Brian Hayward HAT happens to the train when you leave it at the terminal? In earlier days it wasn’t necessary to ask such a question. A clanking old switcher hooked on to the line of cars and yanked them out into the adjacent yard in full view, there to reach bake oven temperature in the summer sun or to become traveling refrigerators in winter. The terminal was then literally the end of the road and the engine of your train was right at rail’s end when it stopped in the depot. But modern railway terminals are in the center of big cities where land costs for the several hundred acres necessary for a present day railroad yard are prohibitive. Trains have to go elsewhere to the cleaners and the Above—J. D. Maple, twenty to thirty other trades that service Yard Passenger Conductar at the Sunnyside, L. Yard of the Pennsylvania R. since it opened in 1910, guides a train onto a service track for inspection.

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them before they again appear in the terminal headed in the other direction—west or south. Suppose you have. just come in on the Pennsylvania’s crack No. 28, the sixteen-and- a-half hour Broadway Limited from Chicago. What becomes of it before it again appears in the Penn Station as No. 29 headed West? Odd numbers are west or southbound— even numbers east or northbound trains. When the engineer of a stalled train whistles his rear end brakeman back aboard, he blows five blasts if west or southbound, four if headed the other way. In an old terminal the passengers walked the length of the platform, passed the big steamer with its compressor chugging as if the engine were actually panting. Instead of departing horizontally on the same level as the train, he now leaves by the nearest stair- way and comes out into daylight two flights above. The 4,600 h.p. streamlined electric that picked up his flyer at Paoli is so far up ahead in the recesses of the great underground sta- tion that he never sees it. But as soon as he Above——"H” Tower, Sunnyside Yard. This is the interlocking tower that controls train movements from Long Island into the Pennsyl- vania Station in the heart of New York City. The trains are routed to tracks beneath East River. Under- gtound route is 414 miles lòng. Left---Bach day 200 trains are inspected, repaired, cleaned, and provisioned at Sunnyside. Right—A typical day’s work.

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and the rest of them have departed, it con- tinues its eastbound trip through a 100 million dollar system of under river tunnels for an- other 4% miles until it rounds the loop and stops on one of the 75 tracks of Sunnyside— the world’s largest railroad passenger yard. Sunnyside is a pretty sizable community in itself—one of those self-contained organi- zations where everybody works—whose ac- tivities go on apace 24 hours a day every day in the year. It is but one of the many impor- tant features of raiivoad service that the passenger never sees but one so essential to modern railroading that a breakdown here would mean the disruption of operations to a great extent on some 700 miles of main line, chiefly between New York, Washington, Harrisburg and Pittsburgh. It handles an average of 200 trains a day, or a little better than four in and out every hour, the day’s peak being reached between 3 and 8 p. m., when five to six arrive and depart each hour. With the exception of the hourly Philadelphia expresses during business hours, these are chiefly heavy limited trains, most of. them with club, diner, observation and baggage or mail cars in addition to their lines of ten to twelve or more sleepers. In addition to its daily peak, the yard has week-end and holi- day peaks. Supplies to provision hundreds of dining cars are kept in a A commissary at Sunnyside. Trucks carry supplies to waiting When No. 28 reaches Sunnyside the trains. Pennsylvania R. R. diners feed 10,000 travelers daily. 640,000-pound streamlined electric that hauled it at a ninety-mile clip on its last lap, is uncoupled and goes to the engine house for inspection, oiling and any adjustments or re- Left——The wheei shop in Sunnyside Yard. showing a wheel turning lathe “turning down” wheels. Car wheels are “shaved” or turned down 3%” at regular periods to insure smooth riding. Below——Supplying Pullmans with ice for cars that have no power air conditioners.

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Above—A car-cleaning crew at work. Cars ere cleaned thoroughly inside and out, even to the extent of washing the cars in oxalic acid. Right—J. J. McGann is Yardmaster ac Sunnyside Yard, a job involving the solution to many problems that arise. He hes a corps of experienced assistants. pairs that may be necessary. Next it goes to the bunkering station to take on fuel and water just as the steamer does. The electric locomotive heats the train in cold weather from an oil-fired steam boiler, utilizing the standard heating equipment of the cars, as does the steam locomotive when it takes hold. So the next time you see the very latest thing in electric locomotives blowing off steam, don’t be alarmed—it hasn’t mistaken its an- cestry and it doesn’t carry a steam-driven plant to supply the juice that runs it—it’s just a heating unit rarin’ to be hooked on to its line of radiators. Having heen inspected, oiled and watered, the huge, high-speed power unit, almost as long as a modern sleeper, makes its last lap down the yard to be “sanded.” More than a ton of fine-screened, baked-dry sand is shot over from the sand house by compressed air through pipe lines into its six sand bunkers and it’s all set to go. The westerly switch tower, whose operator weaves the outgoing ends of any combination of the twenty-five to thirty miles of yard tracks into two de- parting strands at will, shunts it to the head ‘of No. 29, and forty-five minutes in advance of the “all aboard” hour at the Penn Station, it once more dives under the mud and rock of the East River on its way west. While the locomotive has been undergoing all this servicing what has happened to the train itself? The moment the engine pulls [Continued on page 128]

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New Electric Cars Incorporate Unusual Features eames. Top—Exterior view of the new electric car developed by Electric Railway Presidents’ Conference Committee. They start and stop quicker, can speed at 50 m.p.h.. and are fitted with three brakes-—dynamic, ‘magnetic and air. Bottom— Interior view of the car showing the seating arrangement Snow-Sleds Patrol Border NOW-SLEDS powered by airplane engines and propellers are used to patrol the border regions of Soviet Russia. The sleds are of the pusher type, having the engine mounted at the rear. ; The bodies of the sleds are semi-stream- lined and constructed from a lightweight corrugated metal. A nose cockpit seats a driver and a guard, and a small aft cabin pro- tects two relief soldiers from the cold. A searchlight aids night driving. Metal snow-sleds like this one are used to patrol the borders of Soviet Russia. They are powered by airplane engines and propellers and attain speeds not possible with autos. 78 YE appeal, light weight, low first cost, low maintenance cost, and general pas- senger comfort are all incorporated in the new electric cars developed by the Electric Railway Presidents’ Conference Committee. More than $750,000 and five years of, effort were expended in developing the cars. The cars, built by the St. Louis Car Co., of St. Louis, Mo., are equipped with special rubber mounted springs to insure freedom from noise and vibration. To give faster ac- celeration and retardation, new types of con- trols, motors, and brakes were developed. Light weight General Electric and Westing- house motors power the 58-passenger cars. Comfortable seats, good lighting, and a combined heating and ventilation system that takes air in from the roof of the car, warms it, and distributes it through ducts through- out the length of the car add to the pas- sengers’ comfort. The cars are 46 feet long, 8 feet, 4 inches wide, 10 feet high, and cost about $15,000 each. Building Has Glass Exterior The outer surface of this concrete office building in Singapore, alaya, is finished with plaster and broken glass particles. Floodlighting makes the building gleam brightly at night. N ORDER to attract attention to their office building, a firm of electrical engineers in Singapore, Malaya, had the exterior finished with a mixture of plaster and broken glass. In the gleam of floodlights at night the par- ticles of broken glass produce a brilliant lustre, creating a novel effect. During daylight, the sun sparkles on the glass particles attracting the attention of all who pass. The concrete building is modern- istic in design. Modern Mechanix

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Transparent Telescope Model Shows Construction TRANSPARENT model of the 200-inch telescope which the California Institute of Technology will erect on Mount Palomar by 1940 was used to illustrate a lecture on its construction before members of the Ameri- can Institute of Electrical Engineers and the Amateur Astronomers Society in Philadel- phia, Pa. Capt. C. S. McDowell, of the U. S. Navy, who will supervise the construction of the telescope, conducted the lecture. The model was built to scale, being three feet high as compared with the proposed tele- scope’s 75 feet. The huge telescope, with its 200-inch lens, will cost approximately six million dollars when completed. Devise Tiny Walking Radio Bob Trout, CBS announcer, demonstrates the tiny walking transmitter used for conducting roving interviews. Its parts are concealed in cane, wrist strap, money belt, and binocular case. NOVEL radio transmitter is used by representatives of the Columbia Broad- casting System to conduct roving interviews. The device consists of an antenna and radio frequency oscillator mounted in a cane, a microphone on a wrist strap, batteries in a money belt, and an audio amplifier and modulator in a binocular case. Working range is one mile. February, 1937 To show the comparative size, Capt. C. S. McDowell, U.S. N.. indicates figure of man beneath transparent model of huge 75- foot telescope he is building for California Institute of Tech- nology to be erected atop Mount Palomar, Calif., by 1940. Transport Huge Ingot Mold ONSTITUTING the biggest single load ever moved by railroad in Britain, an ingot mold weighing over 150 tons was trans- ported along a special route to avoid bridges which might have collapsed under weight of huge mold. An escort of mobile police accom- panied the freight train along the route which was selected by the Sheffield City Engineer. Made by the Brightside Foundry and En- gineering Co., Ltd., the mold is 13% feet long and 12 feet wide. It will make possible the casting of ingots weighing more than 200 tons. Previously, the largest ingots made in England were 175 tons in weight. The mold was made for use at the Atlas Works, in Sheffield, England. Weighing over 150 tons, 1312 feet long and 12 feet in di- ameter, this ingot mold is said to be the largest in the world. It constituted the biggest single load ever hauled by rail in England and necessitated special rating of freight train. 79

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COLLECTORS VIE The penny plops into this one, a spring is pushed and the little girl turns to get Elmer Rand Jacobs, vice- assorted candy on a tray. president of Seamen's Bank for Savings in New York, who is a leading collector of penny banks, now classed as “Americana.” Three prizes in his collec- tion are shown in this page. UDGING from the number and variety of small coin banks made during the 1800’s we might conclude that saving pennies was the chief indoor sport of the last century. Coin banks were made in tin, iron, brass, wood, leather, glass, pottery, and even silver and pewter, fashioned into all manner of shapes—crude, unique, or beautiful. Now these little banks are classed s “Americana” and are being eagerly sought by collectors. This fad is of comparatively recent origin, and among the first enthusiasts is Elmer Rand Jacobs, vice president and comptroller of the Seamen’s Bank for Savings in New York City. 80 Anna L. White Weird and amusing coin devices of last century are now rated real “Americana” by the connoisseurs. by The very rare “Giant” bank. He waves his arms, wiggles his jaw." “Professor Pugfrog’s Great Bicycle Feat.” In this bank the wheel spins and tosses the coin into the basket held by the laughing clown. One of the prizes of Mr. Jacob’s collection is the very rare “Giant” bank. This giant moves both arms and jaw. Another is the confectionery store bank, representing boxes of candy on shelves. When a spring is oper- ated a girl turns around and receives candy on a tray. One peculiar bank is a wind-up mechanical device in which a savage dog Modern Mechanix

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for PENNY BANKS jumps at a man and seizes the coin which he holds in his hand. In his travels Mr. Jacobs is always on the lookout for new and unusual specimens. While in Mexico he picked up several banks made in recent years but carefully imitating the old Aztec designs in calendar stone. An- other bank is of Spanish origin. Mr. Jacobs has had printed an illustrated list as a guide to those interested in looking at the collection of juvenile banks on perma- nent display at the Seamen’s Bank, and he maintains that he has made more converts to the hobby than anyone else. Although he dis- claims the honor of being the first collector of these banks, he is one of the pioneers. Another pioneer col- lection is to be found at the Boston Five Cents Savings Bank. This consists of 172 banks, Ohio. The clown stands on his head and the globe revolves when penny is put into this rare bank owned by Dr. A. E. Corby, who has one of the largest collections. February, 1937 The "Mikado Bank” in collection of James C. Jones of Cleveland Heights, The figure hides the penny, like a shell game artist, and makes it vanish. many of them mechanical, some of them rare, which were collected by Wilmot R. Evans, former president of the bank, and which came to the bank through his estate. The third of the triumvirate of pioneer collectors is Andrew Emerine, of Fostoria, Ohio. Mr. Emerine has a very good collection of both mechanical and non-mechanical banks, among them the “Girl Jumping Rope.” In this bank the coin is inserted in a slot, and when a lever is pressed the girl jumps rope, moving head and feet and causing the coin to fall into the bank. Another interesting bank in Mr. Emerine’s collection is the “Circus Bank,” in which a clown drives a cart and horse around a ring. Another Ohio collector is James C. Jones, of Cleve- land Heights, who has some interesting and rare mechanical banks. One of . these, the “Mikado” bank, was designed to take the Walter P. Chrysler, an avid collector, and his “Bull and Bear” bank, left. When coin drops, the indicator swings to either bull or bear, suggesting which way the market is liable to go. 81

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old-style large copper penny, and represents a Japanese man behind a large chest. It is operated by turning a crank in the back of the figure, which moves its arms up and down alternately. The penny is placed under the cover of the right hand and, when the crank is turned, this cover goes down and the left one is raised. Then the operation is reversed and the penny disappears into the chest. In another bank, “Patronize the Blind Man and His Dog,” a coin is placed between the hands of the blind man, and the dog travels along the curved track, takes the penny in his mouth as he passes the man, and deposits it in the receptacle. Many antique shops attempt to meet the William Tell, in this bank from the Corby collec- tion, fires penny, placed on his gun, at the apple on the boy’s head. Lower photo is part of the pioneer collection of Andrew Emerine of Ohio. demands of collectors. Norman Sherwood of Asbury Park, N. J., who deals exclusively in these banks, has devoted much time and study. ‘to their history and background and is an authority on their value, These little banks cannot actually qualify as “antiques,” as the earliest dates for any of the American banks are not further back than 1840. Probably the first juvenile banks used in this country were brought from England and Europe. The earliest banks made in America were of tin, many of them by a Connecticut firm, established in 1810 at Dur- ham, which began making tin banks in the 1840's. A little later iron banks were made, and much more care and workmanship appears upon them. An interesting series of coin banks made of iron are little toy safes. Some 82 ‘of these models had real combination locks. The largest manufacturer of juvenile banks was the J. and E. Stevens Company of Crom- well, Conn., established in 1843. Old cata- logues of this company list 21 mechanical juvenile banks now highly valued by collec- tors, besides about 30 non-mechanical banks and safes, Other manufacturers of small banks were the Sheppard Mfg. Co., of Buffalo, N. Y., and the Kenton Hardware Co., of Kenton, Ohio. The first juvenile banks in general use were non-mechanical, sometimes termed by present day collectors as “dumb” banks. It is estimated that there are several hundred types of these now in existence. Good authorities claim that alto- gether around 200 different types of mechanical banks were made. A few mechani- cal banks are quite early in date, some as far back as 1862, but roughly speaking, they were manufactured in quantities mostly between the years 1869 and 1906, then demand for them waned. The height of their popu- larity and use seems to have been in the 80's. There are a few instances of these juvenile banks Modern Mechanix-

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being distributed for advertising purposes in the 90’s and later, but generally they were offered for sale in the stores at prices ranging from $1 to $2.50, and were bought by parents and fond aunts and uncles as Christmas and birthday presents for the children. All sorts of animals were popular as models for banks—dogs, owls (indicating wisdom), and barnyard fowls. A type of bank that seems to have had wide popularity is shaped like a pig. There are pig banks of all kinds and descriptions and are too numerous to be highly valued by collectors. It is perhaps hard to understand the signifi- pe cance of a pig in bank A ing circles. The squirrel i has more meaning as it suggests thrift. Several types of squirrel banks are in existence, among them one with a squirrel which, at the pressure of a spring, flips a coin into an opening in a stump. The words, “Save as the Squirrels” are imprint- ed on the standard. With this collection, Andrew Emerine of Fostoria, Ohio, could build tiny town with people and houses, or stage a circus parade with the animals. February, 1937 Andrew Emerine, of Fos. toria, Ohio, third in the tri- umvirate of pioneer collec- tors of penny banks of the last century, which hobby now gives promise of becom: ingpopular fad of the Nation. Deposit of penny in this antique made the little gir! so happy she mer- riy skipped rope. Many coin banks are replicas of public buildings and houses. Some are in the shape of human heads, either natural or grotesque. When it comes to the grotesque, one bank in the collection owned by Dr, A. E. Corby, of New York City, is undoubtedly the only one of its kind. This is the skull of an Indian which somebdy found out West, polished and stained a dark brown and, by putting a slit in the top of the head, made it into a bank. When Dr. Corby obtained this somewhat gruesome bank, it contained 700 Indian head pennies. Dr. Corby has one of the largest and most important collections of juvenile banks, both mechanical and non-mechanical—about 2,500 in all—some of them very rare. He has one whole shelf containing small coin banks of which there is only one of a kind, so far as is known. The prize bank in this collection is realy a museum piece valued at several hundred dollars. It is dated 1855 and is made [Continued on page 130] 83

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Blind Man Invents Novel Baseball Gameboard All the thrille of the baseball diamond can be reproduced by this mechanical gameboard invented and built by John W. Bushaw, 72. He is s blind metal worker in Tampa, Florida. Carrier Fastens By Suction A SPACIOUS, light-weight baggage car- rier that fastens to the top of an auto by means of suction has been developed. Vacuum cups at each corner of the carrier are operated by suction transmitted to them by a small hose leading from the engine manifold. To remove the carrier, it is only necessary to raise the edge of one of the rubber vacuum cups which eliminates the suction on the other three cups. As long as the suction is per- mitted to remain in the cups, the carrier will cling tenaciously to the car. This automobile baggage carrier is instantly removable. It clings to the car top by meats of rubber vacuum cups that are actuated by suction transmitted from the engine manifold. 84 LTHOUGH totally blind for 13 years, John W. Bushaw, 72, of Tampa, Fla., enjoys all the thrills of the baseball diamond through the use of an ingenious mechanical baseball game he invented. Two or more persons can play the game and all the strikes, balls, fouls, runs, hits, and errors of the real game can be duplicated on the mechanical board. The game was constructed entirely by Mr. Bushaw at his workbench. His knowledge of metal working acquired before his affliction has enabled him to turn out, purely~ from touch, useful objects like tool chests, metal furniture, a model step-ladder that cannot topple over, metal toys and other novelties. Traffic Marker Sprays Paint Powered by a 5@ horsepower gasoline engine, this traffic line marker is operated by one man. Paint from the nozzle is sprayed onto the pavement by means of a powerful fan. SING a new principle of operation, a traffic line marker developed by a De- catur, IU., manufacturer, paints up to two miles of lines in a single hour. The new de- vice uses a fan which atomizes the paint and sprays it down onto the pavement. The fan also blows dirt from worker’s path. Modern Mechanix

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Loading Device Aids nae oon derailer HIPPING interests featuring trailer-flat- car service have been aided by a loading device developed by a Minneapolis, Minn., in- ventor. The apparatus does away with the necessity for using special flat cars and equip- ment in order to anchor the trailers securely to the cars. The loading device consists of a hydraulic mechanism, operated by a power takeoff from the motor of the truck pulling the trailer. With it, the trailer body can be lowered directly onto the floor of a flat car, taking the weight off the trailer tires and lowering the trailer’s center of gravity which eliminates topheaviness in transit. Two trailers can be loaded on one flat car. Unloaded, they require less yard storage space than a single freight car. Wrestler Spars With Dummy Fitted with strong metal springs and braces, this wooden spar- ring partner offers plenty of resistance to the powerful holds of Everett Marshall, a Detroit, Mich., heavyweight wrestler. WRESTLER in Detroit, Mich., prepares for bouts by practicing his holds on a wooden sparring partner. “Sandowstein,” as the wooden dummy is called, is equipped with springs and braces that furnish resistant ten- sion for the strong arms and legs of the wrestler, Everett Marshall. February, 1937 Handling Top—This trailer chassis can be raised or lowered by com- pressed air device on truck. Bottom-—Trailer bodies can be set flush on floor of railroad flatcer, eliminating topheaviness in transit, enabling locomotive to maintain speed along route. Grades Oranges By Weight RADING oranges by weight instead of size is accomplished by a new machine invented by F. L. McCulloch, a mechanical research engineer of Tampa, Florida. Grad- ing by weight is considered better than grad- ing by size since an orange can be large but may have a pithy or frost bitten center. The grader has a runway leading to three traps. Each trap is set by an adjustable weight which automatically springs the trap only when an orange of equal weight passes over the trap. Dropping through one of the traps, the oranges are deposited in bins at the side of the machine. Only one orange is graded at a time, a safety lock holding back the oranges until the one passing down the runway has been graded and deposited in its proper bin. Oranges placed in this new device ate graded according to their weight. Bach orange travels along a runway and passes over a series of traps, each of which is set to open only when an orange of certain weight passes over it. a McCulloch, of Tampa, Florida, who invented the machine: demonstrates how it works. 85

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Knowing What Kind Of Flies To Use Is Just As Important As Having A Good Rod And Reel. In This Article, Robert Page Lincoln Tells You About Flies That Will Tempt The Finny Tribe. HILE to a certain extent there is a great similarity in the manner in which trout i take the lures in various parts of the United of the artificial variety will prove inadequate States and Canada, it is a fact that different and it is only by trolling and the use of live sections of the country require different bait, played deep, that one has any real sport tackle, and, to a certain extent, different and acquires the fish he is after. To a cer- lures. Big trout in Lake Edward of Quebec tain extent the same is true of New Bruns- province and other streams and lakes of that wick streams, although there they are on the region rarely are found on the surface feed- Surface longer. Rangeley Lake and other ing on flies until the 20th of May, with June famous streams and lakes in Maine are best the best possible month. Although the sea- fished at the first part of the season’s opening, son on trout in Quebec opens on May first it and again during the last part of the month is generally not until between the fifth and of August. In fact it may be said that the best fifteenth of the month of May that the ice is trout fishing in Maine is during the month of out. Thereafter follows a space of time when August. the trout lie low, and close to the bottom, It can be said with every degree of truth finally coming to the surface in late May. The that the further north you go (as into Quebec season of surface feeding in this province, and Province), the more untutored are the trout. therefore fly fishing on the surface, is very In New York state, where the streams and short. In fact, about the first of July, strange lakes are extensively fished, small flies, and as it may seem, the trout begin their move- especially dry flies, are much used. Whereas ment down into deep water. Thus, even as early as July it will be found that surface flies Circle—-A full creel of high altitude aain from Rush Creek in Southern California. The speckled beauties average 8 to 10 inches. Below—Flies recommended by the author. een WHITE MILLER GRIZZLY a KING ; BUCKTAIL FLY —— 86

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by Robert Page Lincoln your flies on New York waters will have to be selected in small sizes, the No. 12 is most generally used, with flies still smaller to be used for the so-called “educated” trout. As opposed to this the “uneducated” trout of Quebec, New Brunswick, and, to some extent, in parts of Maine, the flies best used are quite large. In fact, those tied to Nos. 3 and 5 hooks are recommended. Favorite Quebec and New. Brunswick flies in the wet fly class are the Professor, Queen of the Waters, Grizzly King, Gray and Green Drakes, Montreal, Silver Doctor, Coachman, the various Hackles and the Scarlet Ibis. Northern trout (Canadian trout) seem to like the bright colored flies, whereas these same flies in New York and other waters deeper down, are likely to be given comparatively little atten- tion, The five best true and tried wet fly patterns for use in the streams and ponds of Maine are the Montreal, the Silver Doctor, the Parma- chene Belle, Brown Hackle and Grizzly King. Best flies for New York are the Coachman, Brown Hackle, Professor, Green Drake and Grizzly King. The trout waters that flow eastward into the Atlantic in the Allenghany region, taking in Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania and New York up to Lake Ontario, afford their best trout fishing from around early April to the end of June. The fishing in these sections has a far earlier start than in any other section of the country, being in the eastern temperate zone, Bait fishing is followed up in these sec- BROWN HACKLE ROYAL COACHMAN me Te au tions during April, while fly fishing starts in May. In some of the mountain lakes, ponds and streams in this section it will be found that various minnow lures, showing a silvery belly, are especially good. This is especially true in the Adirondacks in some sections of which trout practically refuse all manner of flies, but are taken on these imitation min- nows. The chief dry fly fishing streams in the eastern part of the country are found in the state of New York, principally in Sulli- van, Orange and Delaware counties of that state. Unexcelled New York dry flies are the Brown Bi-visible, the Fanwing Royal Coachman, Cahill Light, Hendrickson Dark, Wickham’s Fancy and the Yellow May. For the whole eastern part of the United States, in trout territory, it is possible that the Brown Bi-visible would lay just claim to being the best all-around dry fly, added to which it might also be stated that the Brown Hackle and the Light Cahill are the two best all- around wet flies. Pike and Wayne counties in Pennsylvania are choice trout fishing sections that are an- [Continued on page 120] SILVER > a] DOCTOR ‘ PARMACHEENE \ BELLE a AS MSGINTY { iN 7 A K a eae | he PROFESSOR 3 Ae Ae t LTA A J a YELLOW y MAY y

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Diathermy Machine a Dr. Allan Hemingway, of the University of Minnesota, dem- onstrates his new diathermy machine. Through its use, heat in controlled amounts can be applied to any part of the body. Phone Uses Light Sockets NOVEL telephone which a person can plug into the nearest electric light socket to talk with another person plugging a similar telephone into a similar outlet near at hand has been developed by a New York City man- ufacturer. It was demonstrated at the New York Museum of Science and Industry by Dr. O. H. Caldwell, a trustee of the museum. Communication between the two phones is accomplished over the electric light wires themselves, with no other wires than the usual cords to the attachment plugs. The phones can be moved and are so sensitive that talk in an ordinary tone of voice at five or ten feet distance can readily be heard. Plug this new telephone device into the nearest electric light socket and you can converse with persons in other parts of the building who have similar telephones plugged to sockets. 88 Regulates Heat Treatments UTOMATICALLY measured and con- trolled amounts of heat can be given to patients through the use of a high frequency diathermy machine developed by Dr. Allan Hemingway at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis. Heat production can be regulated to any amount from 20 to 200 watts and is measured by high frequency meters. The machine changes high voltage 60-cycle current from an outer circuit into the one million-cycle circuit used to treat patients. The heat is localized, without discomfort, to any spot on the patient's body by means of small metallic pads used as electrodes. Grass Cutter Aids Golfers It has a This new grass cutter has a steel golf club shaft. “whip” action like a real golf club and enables golfers to Practice swings and putts while weeding and cutting the lawn. ‘OLFERS can retain their swinging and putting form while cutting the grass lawns of their homes through the develop- ment of a grass cutting tool that looks and swings like a golf club. The tool's 8-inch blade shears grass close to ground. Modern Mechanix

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TOP RECESSES FOR PIPES TOBACTO matches e (‘op GARNET PAPER 2 svar [TURNING BASE >| [*37iey —>| naf Not only ia this Smoking Set an attractive home workshop project but a useful article for the den as well. into a block will provide a unique turned lathe article. The top of the Smoking Set serves as a pipe rack. Three pipes conveniently fit into lid. kinds of contrasting hardwoods glued u; holdes a full can of smoking mixture. Y THE use of several different kinds of hardwoods of contrasting tones glued up in a block and turned on a lathe a really handsome as well as very useful smoking set can be made by following the accompanying drawings. Such hardwoods as walnut, oak, maple or mahogany will be satisfactory. If your lathe will swing six inches this job should be easy. A sectional view is shown in the above illustrations. Note that the top containing the pipe rack fits over the base, concealing humidor, ash cup and matches. It has a capacity of one can of tobacco. Turning the base is a comparative simple lathe job, with the block securely screwed to the face plate. The screw holes should coin- cide with the rim of the tobacco compart- ment. The top will present a more difficult February, 1937 $ Several different The tobacco compartment lathe job. The block should be screwed to the face plate and the heaviest cuts taken with the tail-center in use. When as much rough- ing is done as possible in this arrangement, back off the tail-center and finish with light cuts, while it is still on the face plate. When the lathe work is completed, bore a hole as indicated and cut the pipe rack in a mitre box. Bore recesses for pipe bowls and finish the bottoms of them with a routing tool. The grooves for the pipe stems will have to be done with a round-nosed carving tool, and finished with garnet paper and steel wool. By alternate applications of shellac and polishing with steel wool or pumice stone a high gloss will be achieved. The completed set is a useful accessory for the den or home study room. 89

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A BOB-SLED FOR WINTER Here is the completed bob-sled ready for its first trial run. Although shown without it, a stream- lined front and torpedo stern may be added to sled in manner indicated in the diagrams shown below. LENGTH CROSS MEMBER ROLL ALL EDGES SEE DETAIL OF BEND HEAVY LOG CHAIN EACH SIDE LOWER TO EFFECT BRAKING. SEE FiG.4 FOR DETAILS OF REAR RUNNER SUSPENSION - This front-end view shows the steering gear assembly. The steering shaft is held rigidly erect by a length of 114-inch pipe and a floor flange mounted on top of chassis board. Steering wheel connects to front runners through universal joint disc. 90° 94" TOMIT FOOT-BOARD SUPPORT ass FOOTBOARDS OF 3/4"X 3" PINE N = _ ‘3 mua j a 144"- OVERALL LENGTH OF CHASSIS h s CENTER TO CENTER OF THE RUNNERS FORM STREAMLINED TAIL TO CHASSIS SIDE BOARD_. SUIT FROM 26 GA.SHEET METAL | SHAPE FROM |“ PINE 7 SIDE VIEW FIG.|_ BODY PLAN AND GENERAL MEASUREMENTS o 1 2 3 SCALE in FEET 20" DIAM. STEERING WHEEL 26GA. SHEET METAL "AIRFLOW" NOSE COWLINGIROLL ALL EDGES) CHAIN BRAKE RELEASE RING CLEVIS TURNBUCKLE 3/8" THREAD OF FRONT RUNNERS & FLEXIBLE SUSPENSION If these body plans are carefully followed during construction the builder will have no difficulty in duplicating original sled. by Dick Cole ERE is a bob-sled which will please the fancy of any winter sport enthusiast. It combines all the desirable features de- manded in a bob-sled: light weight, strength, comfort, safety, ease of control and Class. Figure 1 shows the general detail which will orient the prospective builder with the special features, general assembly and salient dimensions. At first glance one is impressed with its speedy appearance. Now look at the front runner assembly, and note that it is connected to the steering shaft with a uni- versal joint. This is shown in assembly form in Figure 3. The joint is of the fabric disc type, prevalent on many cars several years ago. It permits the front runners to pitch and Modern Mechanix

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DRILL AND COUNTERSINK FOR #12 WOODSCREWS FOOT-BOARD SUPPORTS MAKE 4 OF 3/16" XI" S, BAR

` ROD

CROSS MEMBER 4 OO hi This streamlined | ste een L & sé SIDEBOARD knee-action bob-sled ABOVE FOR THE > FIT HAND ROPES | provides new winter SIMPLE ANCHORAGE ; . : sports thrills. Ie OF FOOT-BOARD AND Wee 7 e comfortably seats | STAY ROD EXTREMITIES - ten adulitidets. T es NOTCH FOR TURNBUCKLE —~ CHASSIS TOP vA BOARD

FIG.2 CHASSIS BOARD AND FOOT BOARD ASSEMBLY DETAILS

STEERING SHAFT —. CE) FLANGE BOLT BOLT TO UNDER SBOT =A TO TOP BOARD SIDE OF CHASSIS ar BOLTE | ROUTE TO ; Sf FLOORFLANGE (@) RON PIPE ely : ’ t $ [ 1 TOP-BOARD ` HARDWD. yee RoE E . 2 A Y WELDED To a SPACER Harowoop WEDGE STAY ROD xI : SHAFT ` BS oR eg N l SEAR SPRING LEAF FABRIC UNIT FROM C 2 y OLD UNIVERSAL SPACE ABOUT > : JOINT=BOLT TO ROT TO

FLANGE AND ma BLOCK AS™ INDICATED: = I" TOP sae M 4 X BOARD , tha"x 134" Oak > 4 Ree CROSS PIECES ht BEND ANO RE- ¢ RAP IRON INFORCE: i2" ROD SIOEPL ATES. Ý V2” BUSHES THREADED es WASHER BOTH ENDS ri 7 3 EACH ponen : NA 7 BOLT SIDE ae i Os L ere N L ud'X 4" LAG CROSS PIECES ASIN FIG. 3 o ie ON SEREN ws a The universal steeting assembly is clearly shown above. A fabric unit from a wrecked to rock through an angle of about fifteen de- cat universal joint provides the knee-action. grees without the slightest lost motion, or lash, in the steering shaft itself. The parts needed for this can be picked up at any auto wrecking yard for a few cents. Now for the back runner assembly. Note that it is connected to the chassis board with spring leaves, which contribute flexibility to the bob-sled. The “flexible” feature adds to the safety, as well as to the comfort, of the riders. If a bob-sled is too rigid it is likely to be upset if the runners on one side hit a hummock of ice. This bob-sled rides the hummocks like a knee-action car. It might be well to explain the reason for the turnbuckles underneath the middle of the bob-sled. These provide adjustment to two be - 3%” stay-rods which pass completely under the chassis and contribute great strength and , rigidity to the structure. Their use permits aoee orkhon include a the use of a light weight chassis board, only ment will simplify the cutting 1” thick, instead of the use of a heavy, non- for inserting © cross-members. reinforced plank. The construction of the February, 1937 l 91 _ ASSEMBLY

3 -FOOTBOARD FIG.3 STEERING FIG.4- REAR SLED SUSPENSION DETAIL DETAIL JOINT ASSEMBLY

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chassis board and foot board assembly is taken up in Figure 2. The drawings are so explicit that little elaboration is necessary. All the wood used can be “No. 1 pine, spruce, ash, or the like. It might be well to call attention to the method employed to anchor the ends of the stay-rods securely. Wood screws alone would not do the trick, but the use of 1⁄4” stove-bolts, as shown in the detailed draw- ing in Figure 2, will supply a solid anchorage. The recesses containing the nuts can later be filled with plastic wood. After the chassis board assembly is com- plete, the edges of the board should be rounded off, all wood should be sanded smooth and be treated with several coats of good spar varnish. Beware of wood splinters on a bob-sled. Figure 3 discloses the details of the front runner assembly. It will be seen that a visit must be made to an auto wrecking yard and to a hardware store. The wrecking yard will contribute the universal joint disc and the old steering wheel. Get a big wheel, a 20” one, if possible. If you cannot obtain a large universal disc in good condition at the wreck- ing yard, a new one can be bought at any auto parts store for less than a dollar. A hardware store must supply the floor flanges, short SCREWS I LONG COUNTER= SINK ALL HEADS SHAPE FROM 78"X 2"C.R- STEEL BEFORE, ATTACHING The runners are cut out on a band saw from maple, oak or No. 1 pine. The sawing operation is shown in the above photo. The plan shown at right gives the necessary run- ner dimensions. Runner shoes are cut from 1” by 2” C. R. steel. FIG.6 RUNNER PATTERN MAKE 4 OF MAPLE.OAKORPINE . ` lengths of pipe and the %”x2” cold-rolled steel for the runners. The woodwork of the sleds is simple. The runners are band-sawed from 134” clear pine, oak or maple. With the jointer fence set at 30 degrees, the V edge is cut on the bottom of the runners. The V continues up the curved front for about 14%”. The 1%”x2” cold-rolled steel bar is now fitted to the sur- face. The V can be shaped cold by hammer- ing the steel over the edge of a length of angle iron. After the approximate shape has been reached, the wood screws will pull it to a snug fit. Any slight elevations can be brushed down with a mill file and the whole be polished brightly with emery cloth. Figures 6 and 7 show the runner details. It will be seen that the cross-members of the sled are mortised into the runners. Nearly every homework fan has mortising facilities, so this job will not be laborious. The mortised assembly is topped with a 1” board, and with the use of 1⁄4” lag screws and bolts the runners are made into a rigid unit assembly. Note that the lag screws pass through the tenon of the joint. Their length prevents the runners from splitting. The fitting of the universal joint is shown in Figures 3 and 5. The first operation is to turn up the universal block shown in Figure 5. This is mounted permanently in the center of the top board of the sled. Four bolts hold it in place, but two of the holes also pass through two diametrically opposed holes of [Continued on page 124] SLANT 3/8" DIAM. HOLES INWARDS Â , ry JECTION THRU BLOCK FIG.5 UNIVERSAL BLOCK * MAKE | THUS OF HARDWOOD CARRY VEE UP Ve CURVE AS SHOWN RUNNER SHOE DETAIL MORTISE FOR CROSS PIECE 12" j age A alie" : F ia : pe 8" RADIUS — 92 Modern Mechanix

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Performing Magic With Chemicals CHEMICAL SMOKE RING PRODUCER 4" TEST TUBE WITH STRONG POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE OF LYE SOLUTION GLASS TUBE V4"xX8" an ALCOHOL LAMP. X ; WITH ICE Lighting candles with ice is a simple stunt that will amaze onlookers. Before presenting the stunt prepare the candles by placing a piece of sodium the size of a rice grain behind the wicks. Water from the melt- ing ice causes the sodium to burst into flame and ignite the candles. Uniform smoke n be rodiesi with ha an MYSTIC COIN THE MYSTIC FIRE paratus shown above. Partly fill a 4-inch test tube N with a potassium hydroxide solution to which has SEN WH been added three pea-sized pieces of phosphorus. Insert cork in test tube attaching to it a length of glass tubing connecting to a T tube. To pro. duce smoke rings heat test tube over alcohol lamp. MIX MERCURY SOLUTION WITH 100 CC. OF SOF WATER -3 OZ. 1472 GRAM OF MERCURY VY \ i | WITH WATER IN a i "| PRESENCE OF VN | TINFOIL 7 | GRAM OF COPPER NITRATE 3" SQUARE oF Cut 3-inch squares tinfoil and place 1-gram copper nitrate in center and wrap up. Thrilling sparks dis- plays are produced when packets are dipped inte water and removed to allow the tinfoil to oxidize. COLD FIRE A copper coin when rubbed with Rien ` J T A fe aN MAKE MIXTURE this magic handkerchief changes to f : 4 : AA QF 45% An silver right before the eyes of spec- ; CARBON NN tees tators, The handkerchief is secretly DISULFIDE | BON TETRA- treated with a mercury plating solu- : “CHLORIDE tion and allowed to dry. Min the š solution in manner described above. Mercury requires 24 hours to dissolve, A mixture of 45% carbon disulphide and 55% carbon tetrachloride may be ignited and allowed to burn on hands without the least harm. In perform- ing stunt be careful not to inhale sulphur vapor. February, 1937 93

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Timely Tips for Homemakers aon oe Stripes On Stairs Prevent Falls ORCH or basement stairs which are inadequately lighted are very often the cause of serious falls. Stairs which are unsafe can be provided with a valuable safety factor by painting them with black and white stripes in checkerboard fashion. When painted in the prescribed manner the stairs will be visible even in almost total snap anie darkness due to the extreme contrast of the black and ANDATE white paint.—A. H. Waychoff, Tempe, Arizona. Wheel Forms Clothes Drier RIM FROM | LCAN HANG FROM : LINE IS RUN OLD WHEEL Is CEILING OF VERY serviceable basement clothes THRUSPRRIGT PEAN WRE | SALING OE drying rack can be formed from a buggy Sees: e or cart wheel which is no longer suited for its 4 ‘ s v y A ) intended purpose. Remove the steel rim so i T$ 2 that only the hub and spokes remain, drill holes in the end of each spoke and thread a heavy iron wire through the holes. Insert a hook in the hub of the wheel for attaching to an overhead pulley so the wheel can be raised to the ceiling when not in use. If spring type clothes pins are attached to the wire line at the time it is being threaded through the spoke holes the rack’s convenience is in- creased considerably since fumbling for clothes pins is eliminated.—A., H. Waychoff. Felt Prevents Register Soiling Walls ALLS which show soil marks around hot air reg- isters can be protected against future damage by sealing the space between wall and register plate with a felt gasket. Remove the register grill and attach a strip of felt around the edges with shellac. Replace the regis- ter and the gap through which the soot escaped is sealed thus protecting the walls from future damage.—E. J. Novak, Omaha, Nebr. Drawer Slides Easily Made HERE a drawer is to be attached to a workbench or table difficulties usually arise in determining a method for fastening it to suitable runners, When milled runners are not available a satisfactory substitute can be made by cutting a length of strip stock to form a triangu- lar and trapezium runner. Attach the triangular runner to the drawer with wood screws. The trapezium pieces should be fastened to the workbench or table in a similar manner. Adjust runners so that the drawer will slide freely —Martin Straka, Ney, Ohio. 94 Modern Mechanix

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A MODERN STYLED TYPEWRITER DESK FOR THE WORKSHOP FAN Anyone without special tools can duplicate this attractive desk. When not in use the desk folds into a compact unit. Finished in glossy enamel this modern desk when closed makes by John Steinke LIFT, pull and twist, converts this piece of modernistic furniture into a very efficient typewriter desk. The door over the typewriter shelf opens to become the copy- holder, the drawer under the typewriter pulls out and turns so your stationery is at your finger tips, lift the side lids and there are your file pockets. At the right a utility drawer is provided for reference books and in the center of the desk there is a large sup- ply compartment. The typewriter compart- ment will take any portable machine. With all of this storage space available the desk requires only a 15” by 30” space. Although the desk may appear to be a com- plicated cabinet job it is really easy to build. Since the completed desk is enamel finished simple butt joints will be satisfactory. Ply- February, 1937 at attractive piece of furniture that will enhance any home. o Opened, the desk provides for pa- pers, portable typewriter and reference books. wood is suggested as the best material for the desk. The cutting charts in Figure 6 sug- gest how to layout the desk pieces on standard size sheets. A few pieces need a little written suppli- ment. For instance, the bottom strip which is detailed in Figure 2. Note that the finished desk is enhanced with silver lines. These lines relieve the solid color and do much to give the desk its striking appearance. They are made by filling saw cuts, with a suitable wood filler. O rI

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SINK HEADS -EEG eee Ya A i i suPpLY | DOOR ë | j | ! fi TYPEWRITER ! FILE POCKET DRAWER BOTTOMS i FILE POCKET FRONTS cece TYPEWRITER M PIECE SLIDING LEAVE STATIONERY 1 DRAWER SIDE | MIDOLE PIECE ie | S.S. suP R | LOWE! SHELF(S.S) {DIVISION 4 [i rae 1 STATIONERY | | DRAWER FRONT j See UTILITY S BACK t A FILE POCKET LIDS ie Li 1 SIDES | a OVER LITY (UD: In order to reduce the materials cost as much as possible standard pieces of plywood are cut to the sizes indicated in the above charts, This method eliminates all waste and simplifies work. | uni F DRAWER x t 1 Weep eae Pi ERONT 96 Typewriter drawer and slide are made according to these Slide must be free to move. L oO cml ae ROUND EDGES „ EDGES ANO CORNERS D y FOR HINGE ø LEAVE nowy FIG.S DETAILS OF THE = TYPEWRITER DRAWER & BOARD Two wide lines run up the front panel of the desk. Check the supply door, stationery drawer front and the typewriter door, mak- ing the front panel carefully so your lines do not stagger. These lines are 3⁄4” from the side and 7” wide. It is advised that you make the shelves under the drawers from flat pieces rather than the usual frame. It saves time, is easier and costs but little more. Don’t forget to round the front edges of the drawers and doors about 1⁄4”. The lids on the file pockets and the board on which the machine is placed are rounded on all edges and corners. Round all projecting edges of the typewriter drawer itself. The front and back edges of the leaf are rounded to fit into the sliding groove in the assembled desk. It is wise, when all your pieces are cut, to care- fully sand them in the flat. Refer to the assembly drawing in Figure 2 to give yourself a good idea of how to pro- ceed in assemblying the desk. Note that the leaf slides are put on at once, not later. Mark the location of the middle pieces to the bot- tom, glue and nail, then bore holes for the dowels. This should be repeated also on most other joints. Putting on the top and back will give you a good idea of how it is built. Next install the center shelves while they Modern Mechanix

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SET BACK 1/4 INCH LEAVE SLIDE SEE FIG.3 FOR LEAVE >| 133" inet STATIO, s f 3/a" DRawNerY ZK i DOWELS SUPP MIDOL j CABINET PIECES 3/4 INCH PLYWOOD BOTTOM 1/4 INCH PLYWwooD FIG.2 PROGRESSIVE ORDER OF CONSTRUCTION (w | TO 4) AND DETAILED DIMENSIONS SLIGHTLY DETAIL E 1/4" OR 1/2" PLYWOOD ALL SHELVES EXCEPT THESE FIT FLUSH TO FRONT SEE FIG. 4 FOR DETAIL OF SIDES { S] LN d d ri aD : ` 4 Ona Y BOTTOM STRIP & / SIDES, DRAWER —/ FILE POCKET FRONTS CLEAR TOEDGE ` SHELVES AND FILE — 3/4" PLYWOOD ~ AND FILL IN THE POCKET BOTTOMS. } ) } PARTS NOT RE- ALL OF 3/4" PLYWOOD i i ii ad ! | EN INLAND DESIGN.. ae TaN vi | | ] H sHÁtLow | SAW CUTS 4 FOR INLAY SAME WIDTHS AND SPACING. SEE DETAIL FOR DIMENSIONS SAW CUTS CROSS SECTION OF BOTTOM STRIP General cabinet dimensions of the desk are covered in this diagram. On all joints where stress will be placed dowel pins should be used. Careful assembly will result in a workshop project that will equal many commercial desks of similar design. February, 1937 97

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3/4" BACK 3/4" SIDE DIVIDE TO SUIT 1/2" MAIN DIVISION WITH 1/4" MAT. SHELF SUPPORTS FiG.7 PLAN VIEW & SECTION OF THE STATIONERY DRAWER In making paper and utility drawers too much care can- not be given to their construction. The utility drawer is shown at left. The swinging rod for paper drawer is detailed at right. FIG.9 DETAILS OF UTILITY DRAWER are still easy to get at and then the desk sides with a reminder at this point. Be sure to use your square and rule all the time while as- sembling so the job does not develop a twist. Putting on the file pocket bottoms will strengthen the job considerably. Follow with the file pocket fronts and the bottom strip. With this start you will easily work out the other details yourself. It is advised that you do not build the supply section divisions into the desk. You might have your own ideas as to how you want to divide the space. Note the bevel on the top edge of the typewriter door as indi- eated in Figure 5. This is so that when you swing it up to serve as a copy holder it will lean back slightly. Make this angle to the degree you wish the board to lean. When the sliding typewriter drawer comes out, you have the necessary leg room. The drawer consists of the sides, which are fastened to the bottom and the back which fits to the bottom and between the sides. The typewriter is fastened to a separate typewriter board. This is the piece having two holes near the front [Continued on page 122} 98 fi Wie" xX 3/8" STAGGER SHELVES ABOUT 3/4" TO i yan FRONT 7 ly INLAY CUTS f SAME AS ON // TYPEWRITER DOOR FIG.8 STATIONERY DRAWER DETAILS MORTISE HINGE HOOKS INTO CENTER PIECE - Fie" STRAP IRON 4 COUNTERSINK CANN p225 N J r eanan Ií anmann raan 7/32" HOLES, SPACE BENO N IVa? CENTERS 1 PATTERN FOR ENVELOPE HOLDER. ESCUTCHEON PIN ` - J HS 3/8" DIAMETER 7 MAKE LID WASHERS Í OF. 1/2"MAT. ROUND EDGES ABOUT 1/4" ENVELOPE HOLDER FIGI} FILE POCKET DETAIL The drawer handles are cut from ù” brass rod and fastened in place with escutcheon pins. Use washers for handle stand- offs. The envelope holder is inserted in filing compartment. Modern Mechanix

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Make a Sportsman's Pack Rack ALASKA PACK RACK ane eo SAB X 11/4" a SPRUCE, STEAMED” AND BENT TO 16° RADIUS CARRYING STRAP DETAIL USE 11/2" WOVEN FABRIC STRAPS poy ye {I SPRUCE f TR saerx ima \ SPRUCE A STRAPS SNAP OVER SCREW EYES 7 STRAP & RACK HIS Alaskan-type pack rack will be found not only very practicable but easy to duplicate. It is constructed entirely of spruce and is exceptionally light with no sacrifice of strength. Overall dimensions are given above. These are suitable for the average adult, but the individual had best build to his own size. First make the side~-members of 1 in. by 1 in. spruce or pine and cap the ends with brass. These caps can be cut from a single sheet, bent to form an open cube, soldered and screwed to the wood with roundhead brass screws. The curved cross-members are mortised in and secured with casein glue and galvanized nails or brass screws. They should be first soaked in boiling water, bent over a wooden form and not removed until thoroughly dry. The central upright is fastened with copper rivets. Screw-eyes of the sizes given are then put in. Two or three coats of shellac will prevent the rack from absorbing moisture. Canvas is then stretched over the frame [Continued on page 122] February, 1937 TO SHAPE Constructed from spruce, this handy pack rack will prove a valuable piece of camping equipment for the outdoors man. Mortise the 1” by 1” upright pieces and steam bend crosspieces = to 16” cadius then fasten them in place with copper rivets. CUT BUTTON HOLES IN CANVAS FOR SCREW EYES re Sy ES (T3 OUTSIDE VIEW U OF CANVAS STITCH EDGES OF HOLES INSIDE VIEW SHOWING LACED CAN VAS Screw-eyes mounted along the uprights permit the pack to be fastened firmly in place with leather thongs. To ease carrying. a canvas back is attached over frame and laced as shown. 99

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STRANGE ABOUT Have you ever no- ticed that in the movies auto wheels turn backward? The camera shutter is re- sponsible for this strange effect, Cut two cardboard discs; on one cut peep holes, on the other paint spokes. Attach discs to a handle and spin to see the effect. A ball when thrown always follows a par- abola, To prove this wire up two flashlight cells with 14 wire. In the center attach a bulb. If unit is thrown before open camera lens on a dark night parabola shows on developed film. NO.14 IRON WIRES TAPE CELLS AND LIGHT SOCKET TO THE IRON WIRE Although both the ice cubes and the water in the measuring glass, shown above, have the same temperature of 32 degrees the water does not have the cooling effect of the ice. Ice has greater cooling effect since it consumes more heat, i BORAX SOLUTION Static electricity that will produce a bright spark can be generated with the above apparatus. A small tin lid is at- tached to a wooden handle with a small ` nail to form an *electrophorous.” Rub a stick of seal- ing wax with flan- nel cloth then touch wax to the tin lid. Upon touching lid with a finger tip spark is produce A COMPASS The method in which an alternating-to-direct current rectifier works is simply demonstrated with this apparatus, Connect an electric lamp in series with an aluminum and lead strip, placing within a borax solution. A compass brought near one of wires will show a deflection. On A. C. needle will not move. 100 Modern Mechanix

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Burning paper with a mirror was first discov- ered by Archimedes. You can perform this stunt by removing the heating element from radiation heater and fo- fusing on sun. Paper will burst into flame. rer oe pl Ss ` A wire passed completely through this ice cube stili leaves it in one piece. As wire passes through, ice fuses together. HESE interesting scientific experiments -can be performed without the use of ex- pensive laboratory equipment to show the strange manner in which certain scientific | principles act. Dry ice sealed in a deflated toy balloon will cause it to blow up and burst, a piece of sealing wax can be made to produce static electricity, a neon electric bulb will show how a vacuum tube rectifier functions. are only a few of the many stunts possible with the simple apparatus described here. Since most everyone is familiar with the theoretical explanations of these physics oddities only the method in which the stunts are performed are given. The experiments described here are simple enough even for those whose scientific knowledge is limited. February, 1937 DIRECTION OF D.C.CUR RENT These A small neon lamp will prove that radio tubes permit current to pass in one direc- tion only. Connect lamp in series with 110-v. and connect plate and one fila- ment to 110-v. also. When dry cells are connected to tube’s filaments one plate of neon lamp glows. DRY IC A toy balloon in which several pieces of dry ice have been placed will expand until it bursts if neck is closed. Stunt dem- onstrates how gas expands when changed from solid to vapor. 101

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AIRPLANE THRILLS DRIVE SPROCKET ANGLE IRON THRUST STRUT z FRONT SHAFT-HANGER

5 FT. UNIVERSAL PROPELLER Ma MAIN SHAFT BEARING & SHAFT HANGER

Old auto parts supply parts for this speedy ice racer powered with an airplane propeller. BRAKE

PIVOT TOP REAR (STEERING) \EHAsss KA RUNNERS \ AÑ STEP

REAR SPRING / FORD SHACKLES AND S

RADIUS ROD MAPLE RUNNERS U rey STEEL SHCO w p AN "AIRFLOW" SLED Jae * GENERAL ASSEMBLY ° STEEL T oR PIPE SPAGER a NNEL IRON Above—General layout of the l CHR ADIUS ROD sled showing drive taken from a chain sprocket which replaces the fan belt pulley. The front axle of the car chassis is at the rear of the sled. The axle must be reversed to give proper toe-in to the steering runners. Below- Derails st the aipuan type controls. urning whee steers sled; pulling back on REAR RUNNER wheel applies the twin brakes. ASSEMBLY AND DETAILS 2u STEEL TUBE AXLE e PLATES ROBT DED TO AXLE G NT AXLE & RUNNER FITTIN 36"X2 SPRING LLFOR 5/6" OAM, RUNNER BOLT OF THE DETAIL OF FRO AD = RUNNER BL RETURN'SPRINGS “ANCHOR TO FRAME- Nt PIN =“

Any type of runner may be used. Type shown is shod CONTROL COLUMN with old auto spring steel leaf runners, hollow ground. 3/4" PIPE TEE

Aror by Lieut. Douglas Rolfe 1) HOLE H BALL JOINT FROM OLD STEERING ARM

3/4" PIPE A S EVERYONE knows, the junk yards are literally stacked with old worn out cars. 7. A K < = Cars with burned or battered bodies and _ STEEL PAWLS- eee STEERING ARM broken wheels; cars with shot transmissions - WELD INTO TUBE

| WIND: toa ‘ +y ` [ARBUND requisites for converting it into a trim aero AND PIN CONTROL ARM-ARE BCG AGT A A and useless brakes; cars in every imaginable es Y FORO WHEELe. {) CUTOFF form of disrepair. From among these dis- oe j GEAR WELDED consolate veterans resident in the local auto PULLEY | { DN graveyard it will be possible to select one, SI Ee | preferably a light car, which has the prime = yas b i driven ice plane. LAs The requirements are as few as they are simple. First, a sound and unwarped chassis. Secondly, a motor which even if not exactly RACE TD in good condition is yet able to run. Unless STEERING ARM a motor is too hopelessly worn out a little Modern Mechanix

DETAILS OF STEERING AND BRAKE CONTROL’

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WITH “AIRFLOW” ICE SLED 20 GA. STEEL PLATE K me Tt TOSUIT PROP: NO wi / 1/8" MACHINE. OR’ STOVE BOLTS 20 GA, BRACE PLATE DRILL FOR FLOOR BOLTS? CHASSIS FRAME —"" FLOORING SECTION A-A- © BOLT CHANNEL IRON SILLS TO CHASSIS FRAME The REAR N N N N N Ñ OAR SSAA BODY fi SIDE vje SUGGESTED a. SHOWN i HEavy UNE DIAGONALLY LINES SHAD, O FIT ED PORTIONS INoicare oe MODEL "qu CHASSis PART. s patience and some judicial overhauling will result in a quite satisfactory power plant for the purpose intended. ` Assuming that you have picked out a car having these two essential factors you can start dickering with the owner. There are a good many parts you won’t need at all so bear this in mind when making the deal. For instance: The body, fenders, the entire trans- mission, back axle and rear wheels are en- tirely unnecessary for your plans and are only so much extra junk for you to cart away. By leaving them on the spot you will un- doubtedly be able to strike a better bargain. The front wheels and the steering wheel are needed for purposes we shall presently discover and you will also want the starter; in fact, all the parts pertaining to the opera- tion of the motor itself. The battery is likely to be missing or at best useless so you can make up your mind that here is one item that will have to be included in the moderate amount of new material the conversion re- quires. Strip the car down to the bare chassis February, 1937 ea | VERSE FRAME HH MEMBER GAME ie EROF CHA SSIs RETAINED 1" WOODSCREWS ne CAR CUT OUT ANGLE IRONS TO. FLUSH FIT ANO WELD AT ALL POINTS, Above—-View of the sug- gested sled showing drive taken from a belt pulley fitted behind the transmis- sion housing. Details of drive pulleys, shaft hanger and rear bearing are similar to those used for ‘Polar Queen”, described in the 1936 How to Build It. A SEE DETAIL ZB “SECTION A-A DRILL FOR Yat! MACHINE SCREWS PLYWOOD OR SHEET METAL COVERING . DETAIL OF JOINT “AN WELDED GUSSET b Pig U A IRON i> AE : A PRESDWOOD {= Wr. SIDES -CUT OUT WINDOWS AND DOOR SEE DETAIL OF I IRON SILLS 2" X4" OAK CROSS TIE (BOLT TO FRAME END) 3/4" 5-PLY FIR NOSE FORMER SECURED TO FRAME BY BRACKETS ext J IRON CLIPS TEED EO The body frame is constructed of angle iron and wood and is mounted te the car frame by the channel icon sills as shown in Sec- tion A-A, top left detail drawing. UPPER LONGERON RẸ DETAIL OF JOINT "B" unless you have already bought it in this con- dition. If the motor seems to need some tinkering, now is the time to do it. A good top overhaul will work wonders with any motor so get this little job off your mind and satisfy yourself that the motor is in reason- ably good working condition before pro- ceeding with the actual conversion. With the motor in shape remove all wiring from the dash board and the steering gear as far as the steering tie rod which is left intact. 103 —Booy— ” FRAMING

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TURN TO EXACT DUPLICATE 5" FLOOR OF ORIGINAL SPINDLES ma Ss TO ANGLE IRON STRUTS =

ANGLE IRON THRUST STRUT FRONT WHEEL HUB —CUT OFF ALL BUT 2 SPOKES SS . snape TO DRIVE PIT n INTO | 1/4" PIPE STRUT Oxo, . x Old front auto wheels y make easily adapted bear- : ings for the propeller \ shaft. Remove the origi- FLATTEN ENDS AND nal spindles and turn new ANCHOR TO FRAME spindles following the lay- out as shown at upper left. PROP, SHAFT oA PIN THRU PIPE & . SPOKE

SHAFT HANGAR — DETAILS —\__-<2

‘RECESS FRAME FOR WINDOW PRESWOOD PANEL OVER- LAPS PLYWOOD INNER FRAME DOOR CONSTRUCTION OLD © AUTO LOCK front axle or spreader bar. Before attaching the runners it is a good plan to remove as many leaves as seem desirable from the spring assemblies. The number of leaves re- moved depends largely upon the type of car and also the number of seats you plan to provide in the completed sled. Traveling as - you will be, on comparatively smooth ice, there is no necessity for such spring strength as road travel demands, but don’t remove too many leaves out unless you wish to progress in a series of undulating leaps with the at- tendant sensation of riding upon a broken down mattress. A certain amount of stiffness or rigidity is not only desirable—it is essential. You will observe from the drawings that in fitting the tubular front axle considerably more track has. been allowed the front run- ners than the rear, or steering runners. The reason for this wider track is to avoid all . possible chance of the plane’s tipping. The new steering arrangements are nicely illustrated in the detailed diagrams. As will [Continued on page 132] Modern Mechanix

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SHORT-CUTS FOR HANDY MEN PIECE OF CUT WOOD RUBBER CA PULLEY HOSE WIDER THAN PULLEY MAY BE CUT | IF NEEDED Making Wood Shop Machine Pulleys HERE shop machinery is driven by a line shaft drive it is often desirable to add additional machines from time to time. When a suitable shaft pulley is not available a practical substitute can be cut from a block of hardwood. Drill a hole in the center of the disc large enough to pass a short piece of garden hose then drill three equally spaced holes around the center hole for the e % BOLT DRAWS WASHERS TOGETHER TO BULGE HOSE AND HOLD PULLEY TO SHAFT clamp bolts. Drill similar spaced holes in two large washers and slip the assembly on the shaft. Tighten the bolts to bulge the garden hose and the pulley is ready for use.—A. H. Waychoff, Tempe, Arizona. Shears Make Powerful Wire Snips PAIR of shears which are no longer suitable for their intended purpose can be made into a pair of GRIND OUT! powerful wire cutting snips. Break or cut off the blades | Q Ë EACH Ste near the fulerum screw and grind out a semi-circular blade and round off the broken ends. Sharpen the curved blade with a small sharpening stone and light lubricating oil. After securing a satisfactory edge the shears may be hardened by heating red hot and plunging in old cylinder oil. The shears treated in the prescribed manner will cut heavy gauge wire with ease.—A. H. Waychoff. MAKES POWERFUL NIPPER FOR HEAVY WIRE COTTER PINS ETC. IN CLOSE PLACES Ice Pick Supports Extension Light SATISFACTORY method of illuminating the work- bench often becomes quite a problem when doing special machine operations. An extension light that can be set up anywhere, simply by sticking it into the work- bench or any convenient piece of wood, can be quickly constructed by fastening the light socket to an ice pick handle by means of a metal band. The ice pick permits the light to be placed anywhere.—A. Waychoff. Cap Protects Lathe Spindle Threads PON the removal of the face plate on a metal lathe the spindle threads are exposed to accidental ham- mer blows and tool sears which are likely to impair the accuracy of this vital part of the machine. A simple turned brass cap to fit over the spindle will protect it against any accidental damage. i Turn down the cap from a length of brass tubing. Make the cap long enough so that it will project a little beyond the end of the spindle. When the cap is in place work may be turned down or milled without danger of the spindle accidently becoming damaged by the cutting tool running wild.—D. W. Prince, Quincey, Mass. LIGAT STRAP & IRON LOOP LOOP GOES AR SOCKET OF EXTENSION WILL STICK IN BENCH, WALL OR ANY PLACE LATHE SPINDLE pa CAP FOR SHOULD TOOL RUN PAST WORK, SPINDLE THREADS ARE SAVED BY PROTECTIVE CAP February, 1937

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NOVELTIES This attractive tie rack provides a convenient place for hanging 24 neckties for selection at random. The rack consists of a revolving hub to which are attached wooden dowels. A scrolled bracket per- mits rack to be fastened to wall, HOLE POSITION OF DOWEL 3) "Hore x DEEP-24 REQUIRED 7 = g SCREW, “= “a>. e” WALNUT, MAPLE OR GUM x," WHITE MAPLE DOWEL 244 ' "LONG 24 REQUIRED by Dale R. Van Horn HESE simple woodworking projects were designed simply to make use of the as- sortment of scrap stock that eventually col- lects in the home workshop, Any one of them can be completed in a single evening if am- bitiously tackled or in two evenings if a 106 shorter period of time is spent on their con- struction. If you own a wood turning lathe a piece of scrap walnut or figured gum can be trans- formed into a unique tie rack that will hold 24 ties for prompt selection. The rack con- sists of a turned hub from which projects 24 spokes. The hub is attached to the wall by a single screw mounting bracket and revolves so that any tie can be selected in the same manner as clothing is selected from a revoly- ing display rack. By referring to the accompanying diagrams no difficulties in construction will be en- countered. Turn down the hub to a diameter of 234 inches then drill 24 holes at equal in- tervals large enough to take the -inch dowels. Last cut out the wall bracket on a scroll or band saw to the shape indicated and finish the completed tie rack in a natural finish or enamel. A single screw holds it to Modern Mechanix

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IN WOOD it Wood RING 2 DIA. EAN 2) \ x4 JUTE CORDS 10 y BETWEEN \ RINGS RING 6%" DIA. 9° vy 7 G CORD KNOTTED 24 DOWELS hg DIA. 4l LONG FLOWER: POT BASE ŽyTHICK = K4 a" DIA af o CORD KNOTTED N 7A JUTE CORDS FOR POTBASE SS p 1 i RECESSED I’ DEEP - SPACER 1v3" THICK 249" DIA. WITH 24 HOLES FRAYED ENDS Turned on a lathe from scrap pieces of gum this hanging plant basket proves a novel home decoration. The above diagram gives the cross-section details. the wal. A hanging plant basket containing an ivy vine will brighten up the corner of any room. A very attractive basket was created from several turned wood rings and a few yards of jute cord. The rings are turned from 1-inch walnut or gum stock by attaching a squared block to the faceplate of the lathe, turning one-half and then reversing the block and completing the ring. Allow the center of the ring to remain as part of the ring itself until it is removed from the lathe. The center portion can be removed with a sharp knife. The lower and smaller ring is given only half the operation mentioned above. After turning the edge of the ring cut out the center recess to a depth of 3g-inch. Drill 24 uniformly spaced holes through each ring for passing the cords. Knot these so that the rings do not shift their posi- tions. Bring the cords together at the bottom of the basket through a 14-inch spacer ring fraying the ends of the jute cord to provide a tassel effect. February, 1937 The completed hanging basket is supported by a hook cut from 34" stock. Follow the dimensions at left, cutting hook from walnut. Before threading the cord through the rings finish them in natural colors with a shellac or varnish for a lasting and durable surface. A dowel cigarette box is something that anyone with only a slight knowledge of woodworking can make. It consists merely of two dises, turned down on the lathe and drilled to re- ceive 614-inch wood dowels. The top disc is cut in two sections to provide a lid effect. After the dowels have been glued in place and allowed to dry the cigarette box is finished in bright enamels or in natural colors. A sheet of colored celluloid may be inserted and ce- mented inside the dowel assembly to hide the lithographed printing on the vacuum tin in which the cigarettes are packed. These cigarette boxes make excellent bridge prizes or you can give them to friends as souvenirs from your workshop. The last project to be described will in- - terest every housewife who finds it necessary to do an occasional bit of mending. It pro- vides a neat arrangement for storing scissors, thread and needles and can be made manu- factured in the home workshop in a single evening. The base is turned from a 5-inch 107

Page 108

square of 54-inch hardwood to a diameter of 4% inches. ae equal distances drill 8 holes for inserting j;-inch dowel or skewer rods. When attached, to the base the rods should be slightly higher than the heighth of two spools, The pin-cushion is a novel arrangement which consists of a number of 1l-inch diam- eter corks drilled through the center to pass a %-inch dowel. The dowel is glued in the center hole provided in the base of the sewing kit with a small hardwood knob attached to top to serve as a convenient carrying handle. Any hardware store can supply corks suit- able for the pin-cushion. If ones having a uniform diameter are not available and tapered corks must be used, they should be sufficiently large enough to permit them to be turned down after they have been Turned from odd pieces of wood this simple sewing kit will be welcomed by the homemaker. Base is provided with dowels for holding 16 thread spools. Pins and needles are stuck in cord handle. Handle is wood dowel over which carks are glued. glued to the center dowel rod support. For turning down the corks to a uniform diameter use strips of sanding paper starting with a rough and working down to a fine grade. A lathe tool is of little value in cutting cork. After completing the necessary lathe work finish the sewing kit in the same manner as described for the other projects. All four of these workshop articles involve only simple construction so that even the 108 CAN OF CIGARETTES | |i mt—DIA.OF aM CIRCLE MAPLE DOWELS: Vacuum tins of cigarettes can be dressed up by fitting them in small! dowel containers like the one pictured above. Turn discs from birch of gum. Dowel rods support the assem- bly. A celluloid liner hides the can. HERE BASE PLAN 8 DOWELS WI SSL SSS = most inexperienced EEA can ae oea bate them. Like any other projects, care should be exercised in their making since a well made simple project is worth considerably more than a poorly made elaborate one. Any one of the articles just described will make an interesting class project for manual training students. The fact that the materials cost is practically nothing, makes them doubly suitable for student use. It is impor- tant, too, that all joints be securely glued and all excess glue wiped off with a damp cloth so that no white spots show through stain. Modern Mechanix

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SPARKS nd ELECTRICAL EXPERIMENTS Z244 PRIMARY f “ SECONDARY This electrical test panel is a useful piece of equipment for the radio or electrical experimenter’s workbench. It can be built from parts salvaged from a junked receiver if new materials are not available for the purpose. A 300-volt transformer provides plate and filament voltages for experimental circuits. Neon lamp connected across 110-volt leads is handy point-to-point tester. TEST panel that serves a variety of pur- poses in the electrical or radio experi- menter’s workshop can be inexpensively constructed by anyone handy with tools. A radio power transformer with a center- tapped 300-volt winding and a 2% and 6-volt filament winding is mounted in a sloping panel cabinet. Six binding posts are pro- vided for connecting the transformer leads. Knife switches are provided for opening these circuits during test work. A neon lamp connected across the 110-volt line provides a practical point-to-point tester which is useful in both radio and electrical testing. Test prods plug into a double jack located at the top of the panel next to the neon lamp. Open circuits as well as faulty parts can be quickly detected by connecting the test prods from one point of the circuit to another, February, 1937 Clothes Pins Hold Cords OOSE extension cords lying around the workshop are not only a nuisance, but dangerous as well. A simple way to eliminate dangling cords is to install ordinary wooden clothes pins of the spring type on the walls and ceiling of the room. When a fixture cord is needed in an- other part of the workshop it is only necessary to clip it into the most convenient clothes pins. Spring clothes pins attached to the walls and ceiling of workshop are useful for holding extension cords. 109

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TWO TUBE SET TUNES Se! A metal and glass tube provides 3-tube performance for this all-electric set. NE metal and one dual-purpose glass tube are used in this compact receiver which will operate a speaker when tuned to many of the stations in the broadeast band and will give good headphone volume on the short waves. A novel AC-DC circuit, elimi- nating the need for extra power supplies, makes the receiver extremely flexible and allows its use wherever there is a power line. Strongly built and very compact, the set is readily portable and serves as an excellent “personal” radio. The metal type 6J7 tube serves as a quiet and very sensitive electron coupled detector. This detector circuit has seen almost uni- versal acceptance in the design of metal tube regenerative sets because of its inherent stability and simplicity of coil design. The 6J7 is impedance coupled to a type 12A7 com- bination power-pentode and rectifier tube. TO CAP of 6/7 TUBE In order to secure maximum SWITCH results from the receiver the parts should be arranged in the positions shown here. -0000I5 MFD. NOTE: MAKE TUBE SOCKET CONNECTIONS ONLY TO PRONGS INDICATED — LEAVE OTHERS BLANK TO CAP OF I2A7 TUBE Wiring the receiver is a simple matter if this phantom diagram is followed. Shapes of parts used in building the set can vary from those shown above provided they have same values. 350 OHM (l LINE CORD “= INDICATES CONNECTION TO CHASSIS 110 Modern Mechanix

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IN THE WORLD 20 AND 40 METER COILS ARE SPACE WOUND, SPACED DIAMETER OF WIRE. ALL OTHERS ARE CLOSE WOUND. TICKLERS WOUND CLOSE TO GAID COILS The coils for the various wavelengths may be wound on 4-prong tube bases if commercial . coils are not available. If the set fails to oscillate revecse the coil leads P and F-2. The 12A7 is capable of good audio output and its use allows three-tube performance with only two tubes. The parts are mounted on a metal chassis which consists of a 7x8-inch black crackle finished metal panel and a 2x5%xT-inch aluminum base. Since this set is to be used on the short wave bands as well as the broad- cast band, placement of parts is important and for that reason the builder should follow the layout arrangement shown. Fractions of an inch do not matter; the important thing is to follow the same general arrangement. Looking down on the set we see the tuning The February, 1937 R. F. CHOKE more radio experimenter will find . this schematic diagram helpful. It corresponds with the pictorial diagram shown on opposite page. by Stanley Johnson condensers and the volume control mounted on the panel. On the base, the coil socket is mounted directly behind the variable con- densers, with the tube sockets to one side. At the back of the base is the coupling choke, the multiple electrolytic condensers and the antenna trimming condenser. The filter choke, the metal cased by-pass condenser and miscellaneous small resistors and condensers are mounted underneath the base. Careful wiring is important to insure good results, Tuning leads should be short and stiff and all “ground” connections in the de- [Continued on page 134] ® PHONES OR SPEAKER technically inclined 111

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OF TAPE LAMINATIONS OF STOVEPIPE IRON FINISHED SIZE ABOUT 0) LAMINATED 3/4 x 8" ORE OF NO.!2 0.6.0. COPPER WIRE WRAP WITH FRICTION TAPE ANO GIVE 2 COATS OF SHELLAC TO HO VOLTS A.C. ABOUT 150' oF | NO. 12 D.C.C. WIRE FUSE IN EACH 7 TO WORK SIDE OF THE ae LINE “CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ELECTRODE~ WELDING — IRON BRAZING —— BRASS SOLDERING —- SOLDER THUMBSCREW 1/8" INSIDE DIAMETER BRASS “WOOO HANDLE HEAVY 2 WIRE CABLE -WITH LARGE BATTERY CLIPS ON ONE END AND AC. PLUG ON THE OTHER END Light welding and brazing can be successfully handled with this torch. It consists simply of a length of brass pipe fitted with a handle and drilled through one end so that a brazing electrode may be inserted. Actach coil clips to torch and object. by A. H. Waychoff XPERIMENTING with black light, elec- tric are welding and molten metals are only a few of the many interesting experi- ments which you can perform if you own a reactance coil. The reactance coil, itself, is a simple piece of electrical apparatus which serves as an automatic current consumer per- mitting an electric arc to be produced from 110-volt house current without the usual blowing of fuses. Instead of the arcs pro- ducing a perfect short circuit as would be the ease if connected directly to the 110-volt they are merely part of the series resistance circuit into which the reactance coil has been connected, Before any experiments can be conducted it will be first necessary to construct the coil. Secure a sheet of black iron, commonly re- ferred to as stovepipe iron and cut it into strips measuring 6” by 142”. Stack these up until the pile measures 1%” in thickness. About sixty to seventy strips will be required. Around the pile of iron strips wrap four layers of friction tape. The bound strips be- come the core for the reactance coil. With the core completed you are ready to wind the coil. This consists of 150 feet of No. 12 double cotton covered copper wire. The reactance coil is wound on a metal laminated core consist- ing of sixty to seventy 114” x 6” strips of stovepipe iron. Over coil wind tape, following with 150’ winding of No. 12 D.C.C. magnet wire. Schematic diagram of the coil is shown at left. Modern Mechanix

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e CLAY FURRUGIBLE ULTRA-VIOLET GLASS FILTER Low ARG LIGHT RBON EvEGTRODES ECT NESL ECTRIC EE ORNACE paanan CON TO A handy electric furnace for melting smal! quantities of metal can be constructed as described in the above illustration. Mould the crucible from fire clay pro- viding holes for inserting arc fight carbons. experimenting with furnace wear dark sun goggles. Wind the wire over the metal core in uniform layers then bind the coil with several layers of friction tape. To seal the coil from mois- ture paint it with several coats of shellac, but be careful not to paint the core or metal strips on which the coil is wound. After the shellac has dried the coil can be mounted on a suitable wooden base along with a double fuse block which provides for the installation of two 10 ampere fuses. These provide additional overload safety when using the coil. A porcelain cleat socket is also attached to the base permitting a flexible heavy duty rubber covered fixture cord to be attached. Battery clips attached to the opposite ends of the cable allows con- nections to be made to the carbon electrodes. Connected to a welding torch the reactance coil permits anyone to do light brazing, soldering or welding. A satisfactory welding torch can be made from a length of brass tubing having an inside diameter of 14”. A hole is drilled through the end of the coil for the brazing electrodes. A thumbscrew holds the electrodes securely in place. A large wooden file handle attached to the opposite end of the tubing completes the torch. To use simply connect one of the battery clips attached to the reactance coil cable to the torch and connect the other clip to the work to be welded. It is always advisable to wear [Continued on page 134] February, 1937 / ASBESTOS Sy When PAPER GASKET LARGE OIL CAN WITH BOTTOM CUT OUT @ RIVET SHIELD OVER VENT SMOKED | GLASS PEEP _ HOLE PORCELAIN gy ~ TU BE AS qf USED BELOW WOOD HANDLE Noa RBON ELECTRODE Fx LARGE BATTERY CLIP CONNECT TO COIL This ultra violet ray lamp reveals forged signatures, invisible inks and invisible acid etchings in metals. Fashion the lamp from a 5-gal. oil can mounted on an asbestos covered wooden base. A window holds a small pane of ultra violet filter glass through which the invisible rays pass. Carbon rods furnish arc. CARBON. ELECTRODES BEND HANDLE FOR MOUNTING A pair of carbon electrodes or rods of 3⁄4” diameter connected to the reactance coil and fitted in a reflector similar to the one shown here make a powerful spotlight. Porcelain insulators such as used in house wiring insulate carbons from reflectors. 113

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_ Make This "Tin Can’ ‘Amateur Photo OR an investment of less than fifty cents you can construct an efficient photo printer capable of doing work as speedily as many commercial printers. The foundation unit of the printer can be picked up at any garage for it is nothing more than a one- gallon oil or anti-freeze can measuring 634” by 444” by 944”. Besides the can you will need only a length of fixture cord, a porcelain socket, two small hinges, a hardwood board measuring 544” by 8144” by 5” and several pieces of plywood. With a pair of tin snips cut off the top of the can inside the seam. In the side of the can cut a 3” by 5” opening for the safelight win- dow and after completing this paint the out- side of the can with asphalt varnish. The inside of the can should be left “as is” since the bright tin serves as a reflector. After the varnish has dried install the porcelain socket, drill a small hole for the fixture wire and insert in it a rubber bushing to protect the wire from fraying. Halfway in the can mount a plywood frame for the safe- light mechanism. The operation of this de- vice is simple. Over the frame installed in the center of the can mount a slightly smaller frame pasting a sheet of deep yellow colored paper over it. Hinge the small frame to the larger one with a strip of cloth tape, attaching a length of cord to the frame so that it passes through a small eyelet in the side of the can. By pulling the cord the yellow paper filter is automatically raised to furnish white light [Continued on page 128] Completed printing platen is shown at tight with a nega- tive mounted over the printing glass. The plywood back- ing is hinged in | two places and dark ‘` felt glued to the back to provide a light tight surface. 114 Printer . This practical photo printer was constructed from a one-gal- lon oil can at a cost of less than 50c. . It does work equal to that done by professional printers. Left— After cutting a safe-light open- ing in the side of the can install the light socket. Cut from two pieces of ply- wood hinged frames, at right, are installed half way inside the can. Yellow filter paper is attached to the smaller frame. The photo at right shows the simple manner in which the yellow filter frame operates. Pulling the cord raises the frame and allows white light to pass through. The photo at upper left shows assembly of platen. Lower photo shows paper negative mask over glass.

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Use two or three Photoflood Lamps and Reflectors Load your camera with Kodak’SS’ Film All you do to make snapshots at NIGHT ERE’S GOOD NEWS for every camera fan who’s keen to get snapshots at night, but hasn’t had a fast enough lens. Now, even a simple Brownie makes snapshots (instantane- ous pictures) indoors after dark. Just use Kodak ‘‘SS’’ Film, and two or three of the new No. 2 Mazda Photoflood lamps, which last for hours, and Model B Kodak Handy Reflectors. If your camera has an f.6.3 or faster lens, No. 1 Photoflood lamps are powerful enough. FREE BOOKLET... Contains all you need to know about both kinds of night pictures —snapshots with Photoflood lamps, fast exposures with Photoflash lamps. (You can use Photoflash lamps, each good for one picture, if your camera can be set for “time.’') The booklet’s pictures and dia- grams show how to arrange your lights... how to place your subject...and it even suggests a variety of picture opportunities. Get a copy at your dealer’s... Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N. Y. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 11 had i

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As though discussing some ordinary job, Kinley modestly admits: “I have had narrow escapes. One never knows in this business. A wind might whip the flames around and then it’s all over.” At the mouth of the well Kinley places the shot within a foot or two of the blaze and quickly retires to the switch 100 yards back. Down goes the plunger. A dull red glow appears near the fire. As sight is quicker than sound, the yellow flame disappears in the air a fraction of a second before the explosion is heard. However, the roar of the gas continues, for, when the force of the shot is dissipated the gas resumes its upward flow. But there is no fire. Kinley’s work is not completed until he has connected the well with pipe lines or storage tanks, putting it in produc- tion. All conceivable equipment is carried in the fire truck. A special pump for spraying the men and cooling the ground is mounted on the front of the motor. Other equipment consists of special nozzles and hose; several sets of asbestos suits, shoes and gloves; hardboiled helmets with heat- resisting glass windows; gas masks, inhalators, stretchers, first aid supplies, a complete set of specially designed non-sparking and heat-re- sisting tools, and oil-soaked cotton for the men to plug in their ears as a protection against the roar, vibration and explosion. Because of the spectacle value of a burning AT GUYS A REGULARI 1S - sims PIMPLY FACE MADE HIM BALKY ABOUT GOING | PLACES | When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix THAT SO —WELL | I'LL BET t CAN BREAK HIM: DOWN. YOU WATCH- è Countless boys and girls shun company “dates,” because they hate to oil well and the interest in Kinley’s success, he re- cently gave a public demonstration at the Inter- national Petroleum Exposition at Tulsa. Natural gas was piped to an 80-foot wooden derrick in front of the grandstand. To increase the pressure sufficient to produce a 60-foot blaze, gate valves on the open flow gas wells 60 miles away were opened. The normal gas flow on the main line is 25 pounds, reduced at the domestic meter to 4 ounces, or one-quarter pound. Opening the valves increased the main line pressure to 100 pounds, at which pressure it was delivered to the exhibition. The demon- stration, lasting a little more than an hour, con- sumed 1,155,000 cubic feet of gas, or enough te supply the needs of ten homes for a year; the cost was about $1,000. Prior to the adoption of Kinley’s method of fighting fires, the most successful method was to smother the blaze with jets of steam and streams of mud. This system is still used on some blazes. “What was the biggest single shot you ever used?” Kinley was asked. “Eighty quarts,” he replied. “That was on the big Tulsa Oil Company fire at Overton, Texas. The next biggest was about 45 quarts on the Sinclair Oil Company fire at Gladewater.” “Which was the hardest to handle?” “They were both plenty tough. The gas pres- sure was so strong on the Overton blaze that the [Continued on page 143] ‘QOOH-OUCH - MERCY] | NOT HURT ARE YOU = LJUST C~CAN'T SEEM] HERE- YOU'D BETTER LET ME HELP ‘vou OVER TO THE BANK Don’t let Adolescent Pimples keep YOU from making new friends sons in the blood irritate this and ayoid sensitiveskin. Pimples result. þe seen with a pimply face, After the start of adoles- cence—from about 13 to 25, or even longer—important glands develop and final growth takes place. The whole body is disturbed. The skin gets oversen- sitive. Waste poi- Fleischmann’s fresh Yeast is helping thousands of young people to overcome adoles- cent pimples. It clears these skin irritants out of the blood, Pimples go. Eat 3 cakes daily —one before each meal— lain, or dissolved in a Tittle water—uutilskin clears. Start today! ~ _ clears lhe skin by clearing skin irritants out of the blood Copyright, 1936, Standard Branda Incorporated 11¢

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FOR THE FIRST TIME IN SCOUT Now, you can have the machine you've been waiting for—a real, twin-cylinder motorcycle at the lowest price in American History—and it's an Indian, of course! The new Indian Junior Scout is easy to handle —starts with the kick of the starter—packs plenty of power and pep to whizz you along up with the leaders. And it's as economical to run as it is to buy. You'll get 70 miles to the gallon easily. Why wait? Enjoy the fun and thrills of soaring over the open road on your own motorcycle. Visit your Indian dealer today. Look at this magnificent engineering triumph. Your dealer will tell you how easy it is to buy the Junior Scout, or any of the many other Indian models, on easy payments and how you can get a fine RIDER'S HELMET and INDIAN PIN absolutely FREE when you order. Accept No Substitutes! Fly Fishing [Continued from page 87] nually hied to by fishermen from greater New York, Philadelphia, Washington and Baltimore. There are many other streams in Pennsyl- vania that offer increasingly good trout fishing as time goes on. There are also excellent trout streams in both Virginia and West Virginia. In these last two states the best four wet flies, highest in preference, are the Queen of the Waters, the Brown Hackle, the Coachman and the White Miller, A check among anglers in Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware brought out the fact that most of the anglers picked these five wet flies as their most killing patterns: Queen of the Waters, Coachman, Cow Dung, Grizzly King and Silver Doctor. While the trout season opens early in the East, in the sections given, the middle West including Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, etc., sees cold weather hanging on much longer, to the extent that it is not before May that fishing for the speckled ones is under way. Bait fishing is largely practiced in the streams of these states, probably more so during the early season than in any other ‘section of the country. Choice stand-bys in the wet fly list for Michigan are the Coachman, Pro- fessor, the various Hackles and the Yellow May. Minnesota wet flies that seem to be preferred over others are the Brown Hackle, Montreal, Queen of the Waters, the Black Gnat and the Professor. The same applies to Wisconsin streams and lakes. The eastern angler who brings a copious fly- book along with him into the West finds in short | order that he will be using few eastern flies. Western trout fishing may be divided into three classes: the valley trout, mid-altitude trout and the high altitude trout. Of these three, the low- land trout, or those taken from the stream as it passes through the valleys, are the easiest ap- pealed to, and are likewise the largest in size. Mid-altitude trout are generally trout of com- paratively fast water. They are medium-sized : trout, superlatively strong from fighting a fast current. The best fishing occurs in the pools : where the large ones always hang out. High altitude trout are a different proposition altogether. Here we are likely to find trout ma- ture at six to eight or ten inches in length, the same subsisting on small flies and like aquatic food in minute proportions. Here the water will be found to be clear as crystal and the trout at times wary as a result. No heavy trout tackle is used in the high altitudes. Among the famous Oregon streams is the Rogue River, a typical steelhead stream. In the Rogue, as in all the large streams flowing into the Pacific, one often lets out 50 to 100 feet of line, to take the lure down with the current. Not all steelhead-rainbow trout streams are as large and demand as heavy tackle as those in Oregon, British Columbia and Alaska. For aver- age fishing a 5 ounce rod fly-rod and automatic reel is recommended. Akcays Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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É S. = 200000 Afa" No Wonder GENUINE FORD SPRINGS STAND UP! Two HUNDRED THOUSAND pounds per square inch] That's the tensile strength of the steel in a Genuine Ford Spring. It’s an example of the standards of quality to which Genuine Ford Springs are built. Every batch of steel used in making Ford Springs is carefully analyzed. It must meet rigid specifications established by Ford engineers. Only a high-grade oil-hardened chromium steel is used. Test springs made up of leaves from the various (Above) Heating steel sample in electric : furnace at Ford Testing Laboratories. batches of steel are being (Below) Fatigue Test equivalent to more constantly subjected to rig- than 10 years of usual service. orous tests on one of five machines built exclusively for spring testing. And an Springs for 1937 Ford V-8s are pro- vided with an oil groove for interleaf lubrication as shown at leit. example of the precision used in manufacturing Genuine Ford Springs is the fact that the inside diameter of spring eyes is held within limits of two thousandths of an inch. Quality materials, uniformity of materials, preci- sion manufacture, rigid tests and careful inspections — these are the things that insure Ford quality in Genuine Ford Springs as well as all other Genuine Ford Parts. These are the things that mean you get full value when you buy Genuine Ford Parts. FORD MOTOR COMPANY DEARBORN © MICHIGAN Plug gage inspection of Ford Spring eyes. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 121

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sto lamps : DA Photo _E MAZ Haven’t you often wished for a picture of some precious indoor scene, such as that above? Get out your camera and take it now, day or night, with G-E MAZDA Photo lamps. It's easy. If your camera has a fast lens—F/6.3 or faster— use supersensitive film and G-E MAZDA Phoroflood lamps No. 1. Good for dozens of pictures. 25 cents list. If your camera has a slow lens, open it wide, use supersensi- tive film and G-E MAZDA Photoflood lamps No. 2. Twice the light, three times the life. 50 cents list. Here’s What You Need Put two G-E MAZDA Photoflood lamps in A and one in B, Place the lampa at the distances indicated. Tip shades to concentrate the light or use inexpensive paper reflectors. Then click the shutter as for a snap- shot outdoors. FOR ACTION SHOTS, or with a box camera, use G-E MAZDA Photo- flash lamps. Each lamp gets one picture. 15 cents list. Your drug store or camera desler ean supply you, FOR PICTURES | AT NIGHT For Fast Cameras For Slow Cameras FREE FOLDER Send for “How to Snap Pic- tures at Night.” Write General Electric Co., Cleveland, Ohio, LOOK FOR THE MARK fordependable light for picture-taking MAZDA PHOTO 0 LAMPS , 122 Accept No Substitutes! Make Sportsman's Pack Rack [Continued from page 99] and laced on the inside, making a comfortable cushion for the wearer’s back. Buttonholes should be made for the screw-eyes to pass through so that the canvas will not unravel. The carrying straps should be about 114 inches wide; narrower ones would cut into the shoulders under full load. Woven fabric is best and they are attached as in the accompanying illustra- tions. Each strap should be equipped with a buckle for adjustment and a snap so that they can be removed when necessary. The small screw-eyes on the side members are for lacing the duffle to the rack. A canvas pack- sack can be made or purchased to fit on the frame. This rack can easily be swung from the shoulders and rested against a tree or boulder, the brass caps preventing injury to the ends of the side members, A pack rack such as the one just described can be easily constructed by any sportsman or out- doorsman in a single evening. Its designer, Robin Hansen of Haines, Alaska, found it ideal for use on ski trips into the north country. A Modern Desk Typewriter [Continued from page 98] corners to permit the drawer to pull out. When the drawer itself is made lay this board in it, and fit the sliding strips to the shelf sides. Screw these strips on with flat headed screws from the outside. Fit the drawer into its intended space and put your machine on the board. Pull the typewriter shelf out to the best position for yourself. Then place regular sash fasteners to the sides to hold the shelf steady. Mark a line on the bottom showing the position of the typewriter board. About an inch toward the shelf front attach several hidden spring buttons. Fit the catch on the under side of the sliding board, so the spring button will catch when the board is pulled out. The utility drawer pictured in Figure 9 is no different than any other drawer and is easily assembled. The stationery drawer described in Figure 7 has several special features. It is built so the drawer will pull out and then twist side- ways so that the stationery is right at your finger tips. This is accomplished by fastening a rod near the back and at the side of the drawer, which isn’t as wide as the space allotted. At the front of the desk two band iron hooks catch the rod and the drawer swings out on them. The drawer is built around the bottom piece. Assemble the right side piece (which really is the back piece when the drawer is swung into position), the back and the main partition but not the front. The paper shelves fit between the main partition and the back and are supported on small strips. Room is provided on the top piece for small compartments suitable for holding clips and pencils. (Continued on page 151] Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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New Practical Instruction Books Up-to-the-minute, carefully written, liberally illustrated with especi- ally prepared photographs and diagrams, easy to understand and thoroug! practical. No. 1. Making Money with Delta Tools— yhet to make, how to make it, where to sell gð ae ic No. 2. Getting the Most Out of Your Shaper. A complete Shop manual of latest shaper practice with over 200 photographs and Une drawings. .........0. EEE, No, 3. Getting the Most Out of Your Band Saw. Full instructions for using C] band saw to best advantage........25¢ No. 4, Getting the Most Out of Your Drill Press. Covering all phases of | Drill Press operation............ 25c No. 5. Getting the Most Out of Your Lathe. Covering wood- turning, metal turning, metal spin- ning—over 200 photographs and line drawings.........-..... 25¢ HOW TO ORDER | Just clip this portion of the advertise- ment, check books desired, enclose proper remittance in coin or stamps aud mail in with signed coupon. MFG. COMPANY 600-634 East Vienna Avenue D EL I MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN Important: Outside of Canada, United States and its possessions, Delta Tools are known as “Tauco” Tools. Tauco tools are identical in every respect to Delta Tools. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix New 6G in. Sander A New Delta Unit—The last wordin an all-purpose surfacing machine For the first time—here is a correctly engineered belt sander and finisher of 6-inch capacity. Equipped through- out with self-sealed New De- parture ball bearings lubri- cated for the life of the bear- ing. Completely enclosed and guarded, which means safety and permits practically complete removal of dust by suction system. May be equipped with a fence, back stop or tilting table to suit any sanding or finishing operation. May be operated verti- cally or horizontally. Priced un- usually low for such fine quality. Get the full story in the New Delta Catalog. Complete Line of Efficient Low-Cost Tools Be sure to see ALL the new Delta tools: the revolution- ary new 17” Drill Presses, new precision 4” Jointer and 11” Drill Press, new 10” Band Saw and improved 14” Drill Presses und 14” Band Saw, in addition to many new and improved ac- cessories, Send for 1937 CATALOG It is crowded with interesting illustrations and descrip- tions of the complete Delta line. Points out in detail the important features of Delta design. And also the new 32-page book No. 3 of “Practical Delta Projects” crowded with new and "out of the ordinary” things to make—with many photographs, working drawings, and easy-to-understand illustrations. Simple, complete in- structions make every project easy to follow. Every craftsman should have this book. Send 10c with coupon for Delta Project Book No. 3. 1937 Delta catalog mailed postpaid. Delta Manufacturing Co. Dept. M237 600-634 E. Vienna Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. I enclose 10c (stamps or coin) for which please send me one copy of the new 1937 Rook No. 3 of “Practical Delta Projects.” ` Also place me on your mailing list to recelve 1937 Delta catalog of quality motor-driven tools. Iam interested in Delta Tools for: Ilome Shop {ndustrlaiUse O School Shop O ( ) Check here 1f you are a Delta user now. Pa m m m a a d 2 B m Lem ene eee ET) 123

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oe me el n g A N E n a n a a y Special Article on _ PHOTOGRAPHY FREE EACH MONTH! Each month an out» standing author writes a special photo- graphic article for our Bargain Book. Get your name on our mail- CAMERAS $1.00 to $500.00 Tremendous stock of Zeiss, Grafiex, Leica, Eastman Kodak, Voigtlander, A New Limited Edition— Get Yours Quick—Free! Now ready—Central's Korona, etc. New and used. Save at Central! sensational new, money-saving BARGAIN BOOK of Cameras and Supplies—-FREE on request while the supply lasts! Illustrates latest develop- ments in photography—offers hundreds of still and movie cameras, films, lenses, chemlcals—everything photographie—all at tremendous savings. Ail guaranteed. Send coupon quick! Most Complete Stock! Central offers you the most complete, Varied stock of photographic merchandise! Always first with the latest at money- saving prices! few world-renowned 'y_ in stock: Zeiss, Graflex, Eastman Kodak, Leica, Foth, Bell & Howell, Geveart, Deardorf, Graf, Bausch & Lomb, Agfa, Ete. All orders shipped same day received on SATISFACTION-OR- MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE! DON’T buy any camera or supplies till you’ve seen Central’s latest BARGAIN BOOK. Remember . . . Central has been Amer- jca’s Photographic Headquarters for Ama- teurs and Professionals since 1899. Send tonnon or postal for Free Bargain Book We Take Your Old Camera and Equipment in Trade! Have you a Camera, Kodak, Lens or equip- Ment you want to exchange for some other outfit? Write us! e can offer you a reasonable sum for any saleable ap- paratus. Mail Coupon! Send coupon or postal today—now—for our newest money-saving Bargain Book! Lime upply printed. Don’t be too late! on Central’s cameras and supplies whether you take pictures for fun or profits! Mail Coupon quick! (A post-card will do.) CENTRAL CAMERA CO. 230 S. Wabash, Dept. J-2, Chisago, U. S. A. CENTRAL compan COMPANY 230 S. Wabash, Dept. J-2, Chicago, lll., U, S. A. DEVELOPING AND PRINTING SETS Complete outfits, supplies, chemicals, trays, lamps, Zeiss, Lomb, $ Gundlach, Schneider new and used. ited s SAVE Cameras— Projectors $ $15.75 to $175.0: Gentlemen: Send me FREE money- Saving Bargain Book of Cameras & Supplies containing Special Photo- Graphic Articles. This obilgates me in no way. write # State - address on more space, j or send HEADQUARTERS since 1899 Accept No Substitutes! Bob-sled Gives Winter Thrills ; [Continued from page 92] the fabrie disk and draw it down firmly to the block. The other two holes in the disk receive bolts which pass through two holes in the floor flange. This, in turn, is brazed or welded to the end of the steering shaft. The steering shaft is held rigidly erect at all times by being enclosed in a housing made of a length of 144” pipe and a floor flange mounted on the top of the chassis board. The fitting of the universal joint will be simple to anyone with a knowledge of automobile construction. A short length of 114” pipe serves as a spacing washer to elevate the top of the chassis board. The rear runners are identical in basic con- struction to the front runners, except that they are fitted with spring cradles instead of universal fittings. Figure 4 covers these details. The pair of spring leaves used must be of heavy stock, at least #5”"x2”", If, after the bobsled is com- pleted, it is found to be too “rocky,” an addi- tional short spring leaf may be added to the suspension. The end bolt holding the leaf to the chassis board must be very strong, at least 54”. The other hole should not be larger than 14”, The loop end of the spring leaves must be fitted with suitable bushes to receive the 44” cross-rod snugly. And there is your bob-sled! Many builders, however, will wish to mod- ernize their sleds. A few suggestions along this line are offered in Figure 1. The “air-flow” front and the torpedo stern can be shaped from 26- gauge galvanized iron. Roll all edges. Never have a sharp, exposed edge on a bob-sled. Hand-holds may be desired and these can be made with 1⁄4” sash-cord passed through holes in the side boards as shown in Figure 2. The ends are knotted and drawn back against the holes. A brake on the bob-sled is a desirable feature and this can be achieved by suspending lengths of heavy log-chain in such a manner that they can be released by the pilot and will fall beneath the runners of the rear sled. These will stop the bob-sled within a reasonable distance, but must not be depended upon for an emergency stop. Although this bob-sled incorporates every factor for safety in the construction it is up to the pilot to live up to the “Safety First” motto. A bob-sled in the hands of an indiscreet pilot is a mighty perilous vehicle. Be cautious! Try out any grade in graduated stages instead of starting at the top for the first trip. And remember that the same grade is much faster when the snow is melting than when the temperature is below freezing point. In constructing the sled be sure to use good workmanship throughout. This is important not only from the standpoint of safety, but for dura- bility as well. If your bob-sled is to carry ten adults it must be rigidly built. Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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FREE 10 Homecarrens NEW, EXCLUSIVE PROJECTS BY FAMOUS DESIGNERS @ Big news! For the third successive year, Casein Company, makers of CASCO, famous heatproof and waterproof glue, offers a Free Project Service to homecrafters. And for 1937 it’s bigger and better than ever before! Here is the kind of projects homecrafters have asked for. We know because we asked them—thousands who built from Free Casco plans in 1935 and 1936. We didn’t stop there! We retained famous authorities to design these “request” projects, assuring originality of design and genuine use- fulness. And we put these projects in simple, compact form... easy to follow...a pleasure to build...a joy to possess. Twenty-four exclusive projects in all — sail- boat, kayak, surfboard, modern tables and cabinets, inlaid card table, colonial desk, ete. Some for hand tools...others for power tools ...sotne simple...others more challenging to your skill. In this enlarged service you’re sure to find something you want to build. ~~ gst i A New Class “Plover” Sailboat. One of a series of water „proiect designed by William Crosby, Editor of Rudder Magazine. Modern End Table Radio Cabinet. One of a group of eight modern tables, desks and cabinets by Gilbert Rhode, internationally famous furniture designer. S> HOW YOU GET FREE PLANS Fill out and mail the coupon below. You ‘get by return mail an illustrated folder picturing and de- scribing all 24 of these interesting and useful projects. Take your choice. Then mark that choice on the green ticket which is in every 25c (or larger) FREE! @ Save 2c. Stick this couponon penny poste card to get FREE folder describing 24 CASCO Projects. CASEIN COMPANY OF AMERICA, Inc. 350 Madison Ave.,Dept. MM237, NewYork, N.Y. Please send folder about FREE Project Service. Name——____ Address -a nann can of CASCO, Each ticket entitles you to one FREE plan. Plans come complete — not merely blue-prints, but all-inclusive instructions. This Free Project Service is designed for you. Get your can of CASCO today. Hardware, Paint and Lumber Dealers Sell CASCO IMPORTANT! Unlike ordinary glues and pastes which set merely by evaporation, CASCO sets chemically likeconcrete Heat, moisture and rough usage will not affect it. For permanence, use CASCO on your next project, Whew Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 125

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|High School at Home Many Finish in 2 Years Go asrapidly as your tlme and abilitles permit. Course equivalent to resident school work. Dur- ing the past 14 years, our graduates have been admitted to 531 different Universities, Colleges, Junlor Colleges and Normal Schools—80% of them without entrance examination, Also pre- paresfor teacher's certificate and pre-professional examinations. Meets all preparutory educationalregquire- menta for Business and Industry. Standard H.S. texts supplied. Diploma. Credit for H. S. subjecta already aran Sl crsanser Sood for details NOW. ied PAG) (ê) h Specialized training isabso- f (A r lutely essentlal to Success today. Over 150 noted C (0) u rs e S Educators, Engincersand Business Men helped prepare our special instruction material, used by many resident schools and colleges, U.S. Navy and Province of Manitoba, Can. Train at home for best-paying lines of Business and Industry, as listed in coupon below. No interference with pres- ent earnings while preparing for better Job. American School, Drexel at 56th, Chicago Mail Coupon for Information—No Obligation American School, Dept. H-228, Drexelat 58th, Chicago Tell me how to train for success in Ine checked. R High School Course In 2 Years Air Conditioning 2 Electricat Refrigeration Architecture and Building [] Highway Engineering Automotive Engineering Liberal Arts (College) Aviation Mechanical Engineering Business Management Private Secretary z Civil Engineering Professional Accounting Complete Law Incl. C. P, A. Coaching Diesel Engineering Radio and Television Drafting and Design Satesmanship Electrical Engineering Steam Engineering eEARN MONEY oè Its easy, pleasant, profitable work. No experlence required. Learn in a FEW MINUTES. I Supply everything needed. Earn SPECIAL $20 to $100 cash in your spare Sct Permatex Silk Strings 50 time. Act QUICK—write for de- with instructions, postpaid YVC | tails of my big proposition FREE. W. A. BICKEL, Dept. B-2, 809 W. Madison St., Chicago 3-IN-ONE OIL IS A BLEND OF THREE FINE OILS ; 2 yet a BAE . : BEST FOR OILING ELECTRIC TRAINS, WAGONS, BICYCLES, SKATES, SCOOTERS, WATER PROOFING BASEBALLS AND FOOTBALLS, ETC, LUBRICATES*CLEANS*PREVENTS RUST 126 Accept No Substitutes! Dr. Elihu Thomson, Inventor [Continued from page 67] During one of these lectures Thomson per- formed an experiment which, to his quickly dis- cerning observation, revealed the clue of elec- trical welding, which he was to commercially in- troduce some years later. Authorities regard it as one of the ten greatest inventions of modern times. On this idea was founded an industry. Incessant experiments in his little home-made laboratory suggested new ideas daily. Before he had reached his twenty-first birthday, Thomson quite clearly understood that Edison’s “etheric force,” so-called, was in fact electrical. In 1875 he produced oscillating discharges, or sparks, which set in motion electric waves passing through space—actually a perfect demonstration of wireless transmission twelve years before the work of Hertz, whose name was eventually applied to such waves. It was during this period (1876) that Thomson and his friend, Edwin J. Houston, later to be partner in the famous Thomson-Houston Com- pany, patented their first invention—a rail fastener for street car track. Meanwhile the reputation of young Thomson had spread like wild-fire. Electric companies were continually seeking his services. Finally the American Electric Company, of New Britain, Conn., induced Thomson to withdraw from the classroom and become their chief engineer. Two years later Thomson resigned from this position and he and Edwin J. Houston formed the Thom- son-Houston Company. During his 12 years in this company, Thomson contributed nearly 400 inventions, Of supreme importance during these twelve fertile years was Prof. Thomson’s work in laying the basis for successful alternating current motors. Prof. Thomson’s vision of the practical possibilities of the alternating current grew out of his famous discovery, by continuous experi- ment, of the repulsion principle. The formal an- nouncement of this event was contained in a paper read by him on May 18, 1887. The action which Thomson had observed was defined by him as “electro-inductive repulsion,” and was quickly understood as fundamental in that branch of alternating-current development. From these experiments sprang the induction motor for single-phase work and the repulsion motor, both by itself and in combination form. It lessens the value of Thomson’s work in no respect to record that the ultimate development of the new principle was carried out largely by others, Indeed, the paper of 1887 stimulated numerous designers to work with alternating- current apparatus. Tesla once declared that this paper suggested to him all the latent possibilities of induction motors—a field of design in which he later became preeminent. It was a perfect ex- ample of the teacher imparting to others his own new and valuable ideas. [Continued on page 149] Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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PATENTS PENDING Works Sto rage Battery or 110 Volt Light Circuit A REAL WELDER Men, here is the hottest specialty item that has come along in years. A real honest to goodness electric arc welder that does a man size job, Built sturdily of the finest materials. Requires no mechanical knowl- edge—any one can use it. Every demon- stration should make a sale. This new Trind! Electric Arc Welder is 2 made possible by the invention of a low voltage carbon which gets | white hot from the current of an ordinary 6 volt storage battery such as in your automobile. It only uses about 20 to 25 amperes of current which is about the same current drain as 4 headlight bulbs, yet develops about 7000 degrees of heat. MELTS IRON AND STEEL INSTANTLY The Trindl Welder is simple to use. Expert welding can be done by anyone. The Trindl Arc Welder is the only battery welder that, after a rigid test, has been approved by the Automotive Test Laboratories of America, It is ideal for making permanent fender repairs—also for broken castings, radiators, cylinders, water jackets, holes in auto bodies, hog troughs, boilers, tanks, milk cans, radios, batteries, etc, Iron, Steel, Brass, Copper and Tin can be worked on for a quick and permanent repair. The repaired part will be as strong as before. NEW 110 VOLT CONVERTER MAKES FULL SIZE PROFES- SIONAL UNIT This new converter is used on any 110 volt 60 cycle electric light socket in pace of a storage battery. It is especially designed to be used with the rind] Electric Arc Welder—COSTS LESS THAN A GOOD BAT- TERY—The combination makes a full size professional electric arc welder that everybody can use. Ideal for fender and repair shop needs. This isa sensation, not only in price but also in actual results. The converter repre- sents the same fine construction and engineering skill as the arc welder. THe complete outfit, including the transformer, is easily portable so that it can be brought right to the job. USERS SWEAR BY IT — Te price is so low that now anyone can afford to have a real welding outfit. Think of the profit you can make introducing this Trindl Welder and Converter—a simple five minute demonstration should make a sale to every interested prospect, especially when they hear the amazingly low price. Garages, radio and battery men, tinners, sheet metal workers, janitors, farmers and home-owners all need the Trindl Welder and Converter, There are big profits and a steady business ACT N o W! waiting for you, taking care of your terri- ory i for us. Don’t let someone else get in before you—=Send coupon ‘oday. TRINDL PRODUCTS 2229-BG Calumet Ave., Chicago, III. A HNI When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanis New 6-Volt TRINDL Electr ARC WELDER e |. 1C RETAILS — Here are just a few excerpts from the many letters of praise we have received from Trina! Electric Arc boosters. “Please find enclosed for 12 welders by return mail for I am about sold out now. They are selling fine."——W. C. An- derson, Nebr. “Received my Trindi Ar Wolder and an, both pleased surprised,” == i Glier, Obio. Tape E “Results are vety gratifyin. with your welder. f aa e closing an order for 12 more Electric Arc Welders.”—~Nel- son O. Lyster, Fla. a igen my welder, and it is a regular repair sh i itself,"——J, R. Harper, Le. i “I sold 4 of your Trind! Elec- tric Arc Welders in three minutes.” == C. Gillies, Can- ada. “I sold 9 welders in m Y first ten calls.” =—F., W. Stice, Iowa. $10.50 a day profit for you for onl selling 6 Trindl Arc Welders. No matter where you turn, you will find people who will want to buy arc welders from you. Garages, shop men, radio repair men, farmers, home- owners, mechanics, janitors, all of them need Trindl Electric Arc Weld- ers, Be the man in your territory to clean up with TrindL MAIL COUPON NOW! TRINDL PRODUCTS 2229-BG Calumet Ave. Chicago, Illinois Yes! Rush me free particulars of how T can make big money with Trindl Electrie Arc Welders and Converters, This does not obligate me in any way. Name peresis see reeeee oem ee ress eeeesncasecees Local Address ..ccsecsceccccessevsceccceneenes 127

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To STOP LEAKS of water. steam, gas or oil from PIPES, BOILERS, TANKS Smooth-On No. 1 judicious- |, ly applied at cracks, leaky Ẹ scams, pipe threads and flanges, seals steam, water, gas, oil, or smoke leaks quickly and permanently. Householders find hundreds of uses, stich as making stripped screw bolt and nut threads hold, tightening loose hooks, locks, hinges, bath room fixtures, han- E dles, casters, mending leaky pots, pans, stove ovens, etc. Excellent for stopping leaks in auto radia- tors, cracked water jackets, leaky seams in gas tanks, tightening loose hub caps, exhaust pipe and heater connections, lamp and tire ¢ braces, etc. A Smooth-On repair holds on any metal and is proof P against pressure, heat and vibra- tion. Keep Smooth-On handy and fol- low the directions in our free book. Iixpansion of the Smooth-On in hardening will do the rest. The ASmooth-On 1 Booklet shows repairs that any home owner can make with big savings, and with perfect re- sults, Return the coupon for this booklet, and get Smooth-On g No.1 in 7-0z., 1-1b. or 5-Ib. can from any hardware store. Write for FREE Book Furnace Gas Leaks eal SMOOTHON SMOOTH-ON MFG. CO., Dept. 69, 574 Communipaw Ave., Jersey City, N. J. Please send the free Smooth-On Repair Book. Name .... ACESS > gehi rere aa an Pane Mia hag atleast ed 2-37 128 Accept No Subctitiutes! | Make "Tin Can” Photo Printer [Continued from page 114] for printing. A piece of yellow paper similar to that used in the hinged frame is pasted over the opening in the side of the can to provide safe- light illumination during the developing process. The printer is completed by making the printing frame. This is-made from the hardwood board which is rounded on the corners and the center cut out to allow an opening of 3%” by 612”. On one side of the board rout out a recess to a depth of %” so that it will fit snugly over the top of the can. Rout out ihe other side to take a 415” by 7” sheet of glass so that it will be flush with the frame. Complete the printer by cutting a piece of 14” plywood the same size as the frame, sawing it into three sections as shown in the ac- companying illustrations and hinging together with small brass hinges. Before attaching the hinged sections to the frame back them with dark felt and attach a small knob for convenience in lifting the platen. To use the frame mask the glass with black tape, placing the negative and printing paper on top. Close the platen securely then pull the cord which connects to the hinged frame inside the printer. This exposes the printing paper to the white light after which the cord is released, the paper removed and developed. Servicing 200 Trains Daily [Continued from page 77] away a blue flag is set up at each end, showing that it is under inspection. A whole crew of workers swarms over the train, inside and out. First and most important of all its servicing is the close inspection and lubrication of its complete running gear—wheels, bearings, springs, brakes : and brake rigging as well as the rest of its below- decks equipment. Unlike the old Scotch song this isn’t a place one could get that cushy job of help- : ing the car wheel tapper listen. When the cleaners take charge a fleet of yard trucks brings fresh linen for the sleepers, new sus- plies of provender for the diner while they haul away soiled sheets, pillow cases and towels, plus the garbage and waste paper accumulation. That casual mention of soiled and fresh linen doesn’t mean that laundry is just one of the many small chores the yard handles every day. In fact, it’s rather a man-sized job, requiring a plant so large that it had to be located outside of the yard proper. That laundry handles an average of eighty to eighty-five thousand pieces in three eight-hour shifts. Then there’s just another little laundry item—half a ton of wiping rags must be washed every twenty-four hours. The heaviest part of the job is in the summer. The cars have been washed outside—periodically they get an oxalic acid wash in addition to the daily hose and brush—their interiors have been vacuum [Continued on page 136] Akecays Insist ou the Advertised Brand?

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SEND FOR 1937 ATLAS CATALOG—FREE ATLAS PRESS CO., 252 N. Pitcher St. KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN Displays At New York 130 W. 42nd St. Make Hundreds Fascinating Electric-Radio Experiments 29 Pieces—Free Inst. Manual > ee 110-volt A. C. power motor, microphone, transformer, 26 other pleces fenulne commercial apparatus. Wire wp thief detector, extension phone, electric welder, radio code sct, electro-plating, are furnace, circuit tester, 110-volt rectifier, 110-volt motor, etc. Build are light 4,000-ft, range, secret service phone (listen in private conversation), generate health rays, make electric stove, etc. (Original $3 99 cost of parts $18.50.) SPECIAL ~~.-...------------.- ke Shi TART pS FSS 15-Piece Radio Exp. Kit & ohh ey Oy p. l & i TA TA E Free Instruction Manual Almost a ‘'University in itself’ Finest apparatus. All the parts necessary to make scores of radlo hook-ups. Contains variable low-loss condensers, polarized test receiver, crystal detector, many special resistors, condensers, sockets, test clips, coil form, enamel wire, acrial wire, bolts, screws, nuts, test sheet, etc. (Retail $ price $15.) SPECIAL ~.-~._-.------.--~------------ 3-99 6 BOOKS FREE! Value $5.50! Given with order for either e kit. ‘‘Short Course in Electricity’’, ‘‘Short Course in Radio’’, Electricity Arc Manual”, t‘Motor-Transformer Manual’, ‘Fun with Electricity’, “Plans for Exper, Laboratory’’. ORDER NOW! _ 3c stamp brings Electrical-Radlo-and-Tool bargain catalog. ELECTRICAL SALVAGE CO., Box 524-A17, Lincoln, Nebr. Ghicago 35 E. Wacker Dr. AMATEUR CARTOONISTS Wanted—Amateurs with humorous ideas, No drawing ability necessary. The amateurs of today are the pro- fessional cartoonists of tomorrow. Ideas judged and prizes awarded by Applause-O-Meter test before movie audiences. Everyone has an equal chance. 26 cash prizes in all. Rush name on post card for “Valuable Tips on How to Make Money With Simple Cartoons and Humorous Ideas,” Cash Prize Entry Blank and Rules—SEND NO MONEY. CARTOONISTS’ EXCHANGE, Dept. 352-B, Pleasant Hill, Ohio Philadelphia 113 N. 3rd St. METAL WORKING LATHES $3975 to $1125 ee 52 PAGES METAL LATHES, WOOD LATHES, DRILL PRESSES, ARBOR PRESSES, TOOLS Send only $] E for 15 magic lessons guaranteed to teach you to play popular music by ear or money back, No notes, No exercises. Postage extra on C. O. D. orders, Transpos- ing chart incl, FREE for limited time only. Act today! HOLLYWOOD SCHOOL of MODERN PIANO “School of the Film Stars’? (18th year) . Dept.172-B, 6842 Sunset Boulevard, Hollywood, Calif. @ If you want to be really popu- à., lar, have all the fun, the center “,,0f attraction everywhere, just ‘i, learn to play this thrilling instrument from Italy. A complete band or orchestra in itself, and so easy to learn to play. You'll master this easier Soprani in no time, and you'll have real fun from the start. Don’t delay. Big future. Send postal for beautifully illustrated literature. 70 PL No obligation. Easy terms. Write today sure. ° 122 SOPRANI, INC, °€°*: 222,122 EARS AvE. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix

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Get the FREE Book Brimful of terse instructive facts about TELEVISION RADIO SOUND RECORDING ELECTRICITY Note These Interesting Contents Written In plain, understandable language, NATIONAL SCHOOLS is this free Book gives facts you want to know the oldest trade Institu- about the best-paylng trades and opportu- {g",1" fhe West: ene nities. 95 illustrations. Major subjects 30, 060 graduates. You include Television Theory and Construction, can earn room and hoard Pick-up Systems, Amplifiers. Transmltters, while learning., Coa Recetyvers, Cathode Tubes; Hadio in all its railroad fave allowed to branches, Itecelving, Broadcasting, Trouble- Los Ange les. This shooting, Construction and Theory; Sound- Service only for recording on Dises; Loud Speakers, Talking y, 5, Picture Projection, Radio Communication, Laws. ete. This book alse tells how you can qualify for these good pay trades by train- ing at NATIONAL SCHOOLS. Send coupon now for free book. NATIONAL SCHOOLS LOS ANGELES NATIONAL SCHOOLS, Dent. 2MMR Without obligation send your free book. | 4000 So. Figueroa St., Los Angeles, Calif, i | STATE Accept No Substitutes! Collectors Vie for Banks [Continued from page 83] of silver in a very graceful urn shape on which is an inscription indicating that it was a Christ- mas present from a man to his daughter. On it are beautifully embossed the horn of plenty, a rock suggesting safety, an oak leaf for sturdiness, a beehive for thrift, and various other designs. One of two pewter banks in the collection is a replica of an old-fashioned chest of drawers com- plete in every detail. This is a rare bank as very few toy banks ever were made of pewter. In the very fine collection of Walter P. Chrysler may be found one of almost every type of juvenile bank, both non-mechanical and me- chanical, known to collectors. Among the rare banks in this collection is one which may have been designed as a sort of oracle on the stock market—the “Bull and Bear.” The animals stand facing each other and between This tricky little squirrel, in the bank collection of Dr. A. E. Corby, would toss coins into stump, amusing children of nearly a century ago and at same time teaching them the wisdom of saving pennies for the proverbial lean days. them is a small fan-shaped indicator with a slot at the top for the insertion of a coin. When the coin drops the indicator swings toward either the bull or the bear, thus suggesting which way the market is going. In a catalogue issued by the Stevens Company, a Buster Brown bank is listed, but for a long time no one was able to find any such bank. At last one turned up and it now has a place in Mr. Chrysler’s collection. Buster and his dog are shooting the chutes in a car. After a coin is placed in a slot near the end of the chute, the car slides down and pushes the coin in. A very early Stevens is the “Billygoat bank.” After a coin is inserted in the slot, upon the pull- ing of a wire the goat butts the coin into the bank. A few of the old time trick banks are being reproduced and put on the market, but the true collector is not easily deceived by these, as he knows the earmarks of the real “antique.” Even in the genuine old banks there is considerable [Continued on page 135] Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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eee Licensed Under Basic U. S. Patent R. E. 16012 Other Patents Pending WITH DELUXE ACCESSORIES Amazing Machine with Efficiency Of Arc Welders Selling For $150 to $800 Now Offered At Breath-taking Low Price Now You Gan Own Complete Full-Size P zal ! ARC WELDER caves ANY Wel EL WE 1) Or Shop Use —Or Think of it! A big, full-size, heavy duty, Electric Arc Welder—only $39.25-—less than one-third of any other equipment of its kind! Now for the first time every inventor, laboratory, home work shop, repair and machine shop, garage, and factory, dairy, farm, etc., can own a powerful, efficient Electric Arc Welder that handles all kinds of welding—every- thing from fenders and light sheet metal to motor blocks and heavy castings. Big opportunity for PROFITS in starting your own Welding Shop. Just plug the Aladdin into a 110 or 220-Volt 50 or 60-cycle A. C. socket and do practically any welding job right on the spot. Ideal for all kinds of maintenance, production and experimental welding jobs. Big Practical Machine— 1's, 4! is sturdily built tool that welds iron, steel, aluminum, bronze and their alloys, and does electric soldering and brazing. Uses standard welding rods. Current controls instantly ad- justable. Costs only a few pennies an hour to use. Often re- turns its cost on first two or three jobs. Easily carried to outside jobs in auto, truck or side-car. Rolls on steel casters, No experience or training needed to operate. Simple, com- plete instructions for doing all kinds welding jobs included, Go Into Weld- ing Business For Yourself Reliance Electric Pipe Thawer Sensational! Thaws any frozen pipe in | minute without tearing out plaster, woodwork or digging frozen ground! Absolutely SAFE. Clean up big profits this winter with Reliance Pipe Thawer—costs only $39.25 complete —does work of machines costing up to $300.00. Make $2.50 to $15.00 ner job. Check Coupon for details, Send m day fo amazing 1 details about Aladdin Electric Are Welder at. $39. %25 with DeLuxe Accessories. At last every metal-working and repairing establishment can obtain a highly efficient Are Welder—GUARANTEED IN EVERY WAY—at a saving that may amount to several hundred dollars, Mail coupon NOW for full facts. F dansa mm a E R D A n a a a a a a g g COMMONWEALTH MFG. CORP, i p 3785, Beechmont Ave., Dept. R-10, i a , Cincinnati, Ohio i bi rofessional, 12-battery-ca- ‘ern g Please rush me at once, without obligation, full facts g peal ampere charger—only $19. 75 LA F about Aladdin Blectric Are Welder at only $39.25 with » —only half the cost of old-fashioned 9 | Q T DeLuxe Accessories—and also about the machines I have i chargers! Cash in on BIG PROFIT | oy | = checked below. i battery charging business, WONDER m y = Reliance Electric Wonder Battery 5 Charger is a hig, sturdy, welded-steel-construction ma- 10 Pipe Thawer o Charger = chine. New scientific principle, (Patents Pending) E a makes low price possible. Operates from 110 to 125 Volt E a 50 or 60 cycle A. C, socket. Weighs 35 Ibs. Charges R Name: co secvssspscvcacivncene sihoasinons T one to 12 batteries in 18 hours. Makes money for you f] i day and night. Cheek coupon for details. I 1 E a COMMONWEALTH MFG. CORP. : A 3785 Beechmont Ave., Dept. R-10 Cincinnati, Ohio 7, TAN Se are | When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 131

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REPAIRS FURNITURE — a MAKES 1001 HOUSEHOLD REPAIRS Loose Bathroom Fixtures Damaged Furniture Loose Drawer Pulls Countersunk Screws Loose Casters Repairing Linoleum Old Nail and Screw Holes Loose Tiles Replacing Wood Rot Cracked Porcelain Modeling: Amateur— Professional Genuine Plastic Wood -makes household repairs so easily yet permanently — this wood in putty form dries to hard wood — when dry it can be sanded, sawed, carved; will hold nails and screws perectliy without chipping or cracking. Genuine Plastic Wood is waterproof and weatherproof and will adhere to any clean, dry surface—wood, metal, stone, glass or porcelain. Keep it handy. Sold at all paint and hardware stores in cans and tubes. CARBON KNOCK Without Removing Cylinder Head ELIM-0-NOCK surrncssor STO PAT. PEND, A MECHANICAL DEVICE, inserted BETWEEN each spark plug ang ihe cylinder head. ELIMINATES CARBON and VALVE JOBS. STOPS SPARK PLUG FOULING, SAVES GAS and OIL. INCREASES POWER, GIVES ANTI- ®, KNOCK PERFORMANCE on REGULAR GASOLINE. SIMPLE TO INSTALL. LASTS for LIFE of CAR. _ Ob- tainable direct from us or through your local dealer, Price 835c each, at our plant, or mailed to you C.O.D. When or- dering be sure to order one ELIM-O-NOCK for each cylinder. Print name and address plainly, and specify year, model, and make of car. Mail your money order or check to MERCURY MOTOR PRODUCTS CO., Dept. E., 1258 Boylston St., Boston, Mass, Live agents wanted. Accept No Substitutes! 132 . |The scene now changes to America. ‘Underwood built a flourishing canning business in New England, after landing at New Orleans Romance Of The Tin Can [Continued from page 72] ture, and can making machinery manufacture. All these are separate and individually organized „enterprises today, though inter-related and inter- dependent, and all are thriving, carrying out the processes that have defeated Nature’s parsimoni- ous way of parceling out man’s foods according to harvesting seasons and at no other time. The tin can places June foods on the January platter. William and walking all the way to Boston. Thomas Kensett, another immigrant from England, ap- plied for the first American patent on the tin ean. Patent officials considered it a hoax and the application gathered dust in a pigeonhole for 10 years. When finally granted the patent was signed by President James Monroe. Underwood started using tin instead of glass in 1839 but it was still some time before the tin can surpassed the glass container. During this period of development construc- tion was crude and by hand. An expert tinker could make perhaps 60 cans a day. Jump across the years to the present. In the time taken by that early tinker, whose speed was the wonder and envy of his fellows, to make his 60 cans, to- day’s automatic machine produces 180,000. The Civil War furnished the first boom for [Continued on page 155] “Airflow” Sled Gives Thrills [Continued from page 104] be seen, the old steering wheel is mounted on a pivoted column which permits it to be rocked back and forth. The wheel, when turned in the usual. manner, operates the steering arms by means of airplane cable such as is obtainable at any airplane supply house or at your nearest flying field. The wheel, when pulled back, oper- ates the brake—a simple drag pawl. The beauty of this arrangement is that it not only permits the application of the brake without removing hands from the wheel but the whole business of braking becomes practically an instinctive mo- tion. Furthermore the leverage provided by the column is sufficient to ensure adequate pressure of the pawl against the ice without undue effort on the part of the pilot. _ The steering-braking column, resembling as it does the controls of a plane, is mounted as shown. The exact position will of course depend upon the car you have obtained as well as, in some de- gree, your own personal opinions and preferences - in the matter. Immediately in front of the steer- ing column is placed the new dash upon which you now install the equipment removed from the original dash. As the new dash will be some considerable distance from the motor you will [Continued on page 169] Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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Ý THANKS FOR A GRAND SHAVE. ILL A ALWAYS USE A GILLETTE BLADE Á = : as . — Now=Enjoy Teamwork Shaving Use Gillette Blades in your Gillette Razor! © For clean, smooth shaves, use the blade that matches your razor. Gillettebas spent tuillions of dollars to give you the perfect shaving combination. Buy a package of Gillette Blades today. Slip one into your Gillette Razor tomorrow and en- joy the comfort of teamwork shaving! Reputable merchants never offer substitutes for Gillette Blades, Always ask for them by name Gillette Blades Precision-made for the Gillette Razor YOU'RE RIGHT, BOSS. WE WERE MADE FOR fe Tune in Gillette’s ‘‘Original Community Sing” with Mil- ton Berle and other stars Sundays 10 P.M., E.S.T., CBS Network, Coast to Coast “NOW— Make These Attractive EH e | Orna ents and Gifts at Home g and EARN: BIG PROFITS! E : “Mi DGET POCKET. RADIO BEAUTIFUL CLEAR LOUD "TONE DIRECT FROM POCKET RADIO! No Dangling Phon Phones to Bother With. All one nnit == just like tes t eet iy. Take ig ets. but weighs only 6025. Fits pockets in nf RUBBER MOLDS AS LOW AS Gc EACH! Amazing rubber mold-making outht makes per- fect molds of plagues, medallions, Statues, busts of famous men and women, ash trays, bookends, etc., from 6e to 25c each. One mold makes dozens of novelties and gifts to Sell for $1.00 or more apiecel No experience necessary. Everything furnished—complete Ine structi » Start profitable business in your sell to Stores friends, neighbors, by ma ke MONEY full or spare time with SO-LO GO-MA. Write for complete FREE detalls and sensatlonal introductory offer, S0-LO GO-MA MOLD CO. Dept. L-834, Cincinnati, 0, TÒ USE — WORKS IMMEDIATELY WS Beantifol reception end tone. Accurately made, | | precinoly assembled, rigidly tested, pssures excellent erformance broadcast band. thi k operate and should last for years. Tanne contre tot is the only moving part. Nothing to adjust F difficult hook Ups. ich a complete wi bainels y Instructions for use in e Traveling i ina uto, levels: etes SEND NO honey a eon ae ven T hae: ostman only $2.09 and a few conte pi postage. Miata color Silver, Brown, "Bleck White, Bine). "AD ideal gift. our friends. rane Giant Radio CO., 3989 Lincoln venue, Depth Roe s Ghicago, M. What a wealth of meaning in a single word! Applied to the 1937 Driver Engineered Power Tools, it means long careful study of all the essential requirements for home workshop tools—safety, adaptability, service, appearance—together with expert planning for their manufacture. Have your dealer show you these Driver Engineered Power Tools for 1937. You will be tremendously impressed with their fine quality, low cost and many plus values. Write—if DRIVER $776 VERTICAL SPINDLE SHAPER there is no dealer near you—for a copy of the colorful 1937 —g26.25 less Motor and Pulley, with 21”x15” folder which illustrates and describes the entire line in all Table and 72 page Book of Instructions, This h fi high speed shaper is a superior machine in every t ree price ranges. respect—design, construction and adaptability. The simple, positive adjustments make it un- usually efficient and accurate. Precision worm gear raises spindle assembly 114”, Heavy duty sealed- in dust-tight SKF ball bearings. May be operated in either direction. Shipping weight (without motor) 64 Ibs. Driver Engineered Power Tools include Band Saws, Jig Saws, Bench Saws, Jointers, Motor Grinders, Flexible Shafis—Three Complete Lines in Three Price Ranges. DRIVER L751 GAP BED LATHE—$31.50 as shown, including Belt, ox Wrench and 72 page Instruction Book. Here is a genuine, all pur- pose lathe that is in a class by itself. Built with watchlike precision, it has ample reserve strength for working metals. The heavy gray iron bed is 54” long, with 37” between centers. Hollow head (34” I. D.) spindle. i niets Co., Inc, : 4 speeds. Pre-loaded SKF ball bearings. Shipping weight 130 Ibs. E Plainfield, N. i 1 Undoubtedly the best lathe buys on the market today. i Gonrlemen: Please send me copy of the colorful E ASK YOUR DEALER ABOUT THE DRIVER EASY PAYMENT PLAN 4 I I ame .eneueenennnannernannnnrnsunuroannt=mma e I DRIVER brgincsred POWERATIOOLS Spo ! ie Nini cee ee r When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 133

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HOW TO MAKE JOINTS LAST FOREVER In the first place see that the surfaces to be joined, fit together as perfectly as possible, and that they are clean and dry. Then apply a thin coating of LePage’s Liquid Glue. Let this dry a bit, then apply another coat. Place joints together evenly, using clamps if convenient. You needn’t worry about those joints ever separating again. They’re glued for life! Ideal for veneering and inlaying. LePage’s Liquid Glue comes in tubes, bottles or cans. All are economical, All are on sale at your favorite hardware or drug store, LePage’s Adhesives, Lab- oratories and Factory, Gloucester, Massachusetts. AGE'S Gj (ej ESj = Ugur cue This new and unique publication is written for the man who wants to KNOW, RUILD, RE- PAIR. and READ about electrical APPAR- ATUS and MACHINERY. It explains the theory and actual work in simple words, draw- ings, and illustrations. Chock-full of IDEAS TITAT can be used in the SHOP, HOME and FARM. 25¢ a copy postpaid. S. DUNCAN, Publisher, Desk f, 408 S. Hoyne Ave., Chicago. Worries! Why worry and suffer any longer? Learn about our perfected invention for all forms of reducible rupture in men, women and children. Support fitted with automatic air cushion assists Nature in a natural strength- ening of the weakened muscles. Thousands J made happy. Weighs but a few ounces, is inconspicuous and sanitary, No stiff springs or hard pads, Nosalvesor plasters. Durable, cheap. Sent on trial to prove it. Beware of . imitations, Never sold in stores or by agents. Write today for full information and Free Book on Rupture. All correspondence confidential, BROOKS COMPANY, 136-B State St., Marshall, Mich. Inventor Reactance Coil Experiments [Continued from page 113] dark goggles when experimenting with arcs or welding. Small quantities of metal can be melted in a carbon are furnace which has been moulded from fire clay. In moulding the crucible allow two holes, one on each side, so that arc light carbons can be inserted. File down the tips of the carbon electrodes until well pointed, attach wooden knobs or handles to the ends of these and insert in the crucible. Attach a battery clip to each of the electrodes, then adjust until a brilliant are is produced. Probably the most interesting of all experi- ments with the reactance coil is its use in pro- ducing ultra violet rays. To construct the ultra violet ray projector first secure a five gallon oil can and cut off the top. Bend over the edges so as to provide mounting flanges for fastening it to a wooden base. In the top of the oil can drill several air vent holes and over them mount a tin shield riveting it in place as shown in the accom- panying diagrams. In the side of the can cut an opening for a small piece of smoked glass to serve as a peep hole when adjusting the carbons. An opening is cut in the front of the can for the ultra-violet filter glass which fits into a slide which is riveted over the opening. An asbestos paper gasket provides a light-tight fit for the glass. Cut holes in each side of the can for the carbon electrodes. For insulators use porcelain tubes which are provided with threads on the outside. Any electrician’s supply house can supply these for a few cents. After mounting the tubes insert the carbons and adjust for maximum brilliancy. Forged documents, jewelry treated with acid to remove initials that were engraved in the metal and other articles which have been tampered with can be easily detected when held before the ultra- violet filter glass. A powerful searchlight for experimental use can be made from a pair of carbon electrodes similar to those used in the ultra-violet projector and an automobile headlight reflector. Cut holes in each side of the reflector for the porcelain in- sulator tubes. Next mount the reflector shell to a suitable stand, insert the carbons and the search- light is ready for use. Connect it to the reactance coil in the same manner as you connected the ultra-violet projector. Two Tube Set Tunes In World [Continued from page 111] tector portion of the circuit made to a single point on the chassis. Connections to the coils must be made exactly as shown in the diagram in order to insure oscillation. It will be noticed in the diagram that the detector circuit in this set is different from the usual electron coupled ar- rangement. This new version using a separate 134 Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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feedback coil is more sensitive and selective than the older type in which the coil is tapped in order to provide regeneration. Whether home-made or manufactured coils are used depends upon the preference of the builder. If the latter are used, it will be necessary to reduce the number of turns on the “tickler” or smallest winding. An electron coupled de- tector requires only a small feedback coil to pro- vide plenty of regeneration and if the coil is too large there will be a tendency for howls and super-generation. The builder winding his own coils should likewise experiment with the tickler windings; the windings should be as small as is consistent with smooth regeneration. It is well to test the set first on the broadcast band, using a good antenna. Tuning is the same as with any regenerative set; the regeneration control is turned up until oscillation is obtained, and then the tuning condensers are adjusted until a whistle, indicating that the receiver is tuned to the carrier wave of a station, is heard in the headphones. Readjustment of the regeneration control stops the regenerative whistle and the station becomes intelligible. The filter circuit shown is sufficient, even when headphones are used on short waves, to reduce the hum to such a low value that it is well below the noise level at night. As with any AC-DC set, no actual ground should be used. If desired, the set may be grounded through a .5 mfd. paper condenser. For portable operation, a surprising number of things may serve as makeshift antennas, especially for broadcast band reception. On nights when conditions are good twenty-five meter Paris, Berlin, and Daventry stations can be heard with nothing but a metal bed for an antenna. Collectors Vie for Banks [Continued from page 130] difference in value according to the rarity of cer- tain types. Of several rabbit banks, a rare one is in the collection of William F. Ferguson, of the Bank for Savings, New York. It is a large rabbit on an oblong base, which moves its ears when the tail is pressed. At the Bank for Savings, Mr. Ferguson has a good collection of mechanical banks, and Wesley Hallett, also of that bank, has devoted his ener- gies to the collection of non-mechanicals. Mr. Ferguson has an old bank, the Monkey and the Walnut, which is interesting. A coin is placed in the hand of the monkey, and when a spring is pressed the nut opens and the monkey drops the penny into the nut, Another valuable bank is the Cat and Mouse bank, and an amusing one is a colored mammy holding a pickaninny on her lap. The coin is placed on a spoon in the mammy’s hand, and when a lever is pushed, the mammy’s [Continued on page 153] FACTORY TO YOU NEW REMINGTON NOISELESS PORTABLE! ¢ A DAY Money Back Guarantee 10-Day Free Trial Offer T LAST! The famous Remington Noiseless Portable that speaks in a whisper is available for only 10¢ a day. Here is your opportunity to get a real Remington Noiseless Portable direct from the factory. Equipped with all attachments that make for complete writing equipment. Stand- ard keyboard. Automatic ribbon reverse. Variable line spacer and all the conveniences of the finest portable ever built. PLUS the NOISELESS fea- ture. Act now while this special opportunity holds good. Send coupon TODAY for details. YOU DON'T RISK A PENNY We send you the Remington Noiseless Portable direct from the factory with 10 days FREE trial. If you are not satisfied, send it back. WE PAY ALL SHIPPING CHARGES, @ FREE tveine course With your new Remington Noiseless Portable we will send you —absolutely FREE—a 19-page course In typing. It teaches the Touch System, used by all expert typists. It is simply written and completely illustrated. Instructions are as simple eas A, B, C. Even a child can easily understand this method. A little study and the average person, child or adult, becomes fasci- nated. Follow this course during the 10-Day Trial Period we give you with your typewriter and you will wonder why you ever took the trouble to write lettera by hand. @ FREE carrvine case Also under this new Purchase Plan we will send you FREE with every Remington Noiseless Portable a special carrying case sturdily built of 3-ply wood. This handsome case is covered with heavy du Pont fabric. The topis removed by one mation, leaving the machine firmly attached to the base, This makes it easy to use your Remington anywhere—on knees, jn chairs, on trains. Don’t delay . . . send in the coupon for complete details! SEND COUPON WHILE LOW PRICES HOLD a Remington Rand, Inc., Dept. 141-2, 315 Fourth Ave., New York, N. Y. Please tell me how I can get a new Remington Noiseless Portable typewriter, plus FREE Typing Course and carrying case, for only 10c a day. Also send me new illustrated catalogue. Name. Address City — A tate When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 135

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Grinds - Drills - Cuts - Polishes Carves - Routs - Saws - Sands Sharpens - Engraves A whole shop full of tools in one for work on all met- als, alloys, bone, resins, glass, stone, wood, etc. Uses 200 ` accessories. Saves hours of tedious work. 13,000 r. p.m. ACor DC, 110 volts. $10.75 and up, postpaid. 3 Accessories Free. DE LUXE MODEL For constant service, nothing com- pares with this easy-to-handle pro- duction tool. Saves time and labor. Fastest, smoothest, most powerful tool for its typeand weight. 25,000r.p.m, $18.50 postpaid, 6 Accessories Free. Get a Demonstration at Your Dealer’s or Order Either Model on 10-Days Money- Back Trial. Catalog Free. CRAFTSMAN’S PROJECT BOOK “Pleasure and Profit with a Handee” Easy working plans for making many interesting and unusual projects, 25c stamps or coin, CHICAGO WHEEL & MFG. CO. 1101 W. Monroe St., Dept. H. Chicago, Illinois | Disend Catalog LiProjectBook [J$10.75Handee DeLuxe Model MMI-2 INVENTORS Pages 8 and 9 136 Inventions Contest Winners [Continued from page 48] welcome the automatic funnel device suggested by E. E. Swanson, of Los Angeles, Calif., himself a station operator. The funnel would show when a can is filled thereby eliminating the wasting of fuel by overflowing. Third prize of $5 cash was awarded Mr. Swanson for his practical idea. Prizes of $2 each were awarded to Mrs. Florence Barter, Hartford, Conn., who suggested a detach- able cloth covering for clothes lines to protect washed clothes from dirt and soot covered lines; to Fred Foesch, Freeport, Ill., for his idea of a long forceps for removing olives, pickles, etc., from tall jars; and to Mrs. Margaret Kiner, James- town, North Dakota, for her idea of an electric iron with a control for heating only the tip while ironing ruffles, curtain ends, collars, ete. Prizes of $1 each were awarded to: R. M. Cur- rie, Portland, Ore., Ralph Merrill, Milwaukee, Wis., John T. Newman, Cleveland, Ohio, and Micheal J. Zallas, Michigan City, Indiana. If you have any good ideas for needed inven- tions, send them to the Needed Inventions Con- test Editor. Here are the rules: 1. In 100 words or less explain your idea for a needed invention. 2. This contest is open to everyone except em- ployees of Modern Mechanix Publishing Co. 3. You don’t have to buy a copy of the magazine or be a subscriber to enter. 4. rite your name and address plainly on your entry. No entries will be returned. 5. The editors will be the judges. All decisions will be final. 6. Mail your entry to Inventions Contest Editor, Modern Mechanix Pub- lishing Co., Greenwich, Conn. Contest ends February 1. Servicing 200 Trains Daily [Continued from page 128] cleaned and wiped down, windows washed, blankets and mattresses aired, fresh linen pro- vided, the 250-gallon water tank filled, battery tested and charged if necessary, the panel boards, relays and lamps checked. Isn’t she ready? A few years ago, yes—but not any longer—at least not from May to October. Where then does the heavy job come in? To find that out I went to the big boss. I asked J. J. McGann, yardmaster, just as one railroader to another, what modern development of recent years had added most heavily to his grief as keeper of the world’s largest passenger yard? Only one word was needed as an answer— “air-conditioning.” Close to 80 per cent of the more than a thousand cars that are serviced in Sunnyside every twenty- four hours are now air-conditioned and, as the super added, “We’re getting more of ’em right along. Oh, yes, some are mechanically oper- ated, but only a few,” he went on. “If a system looks promising, the road will install it on a few cars and try it out, checking its operation closely. People don’t realize that it takes a 15-to-20-k.w. generator and a 600-ampere-hour battery to air- condition a car. That’s in addition to the lighting.” It’s the seventy odd per cent of those more than [Continued on page 147] Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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„500 NEEDED IVENTIONS Concentrate your talents on inventions that will ay BIG MONEY. 1936 Edition of 1500 NEEDED NVENTIONS by R. F. Yates tells what inven- tions manufacturers NEED badly. Describes detall 1500 Needed Inventions in these field: General Problems; Automotive; Electrical; chanical; Chemical; Aviation; Radio; Marine. Also chapters on the Ten Most Needed Inventions, and on new sclen- tific discoveries important to inventors. Simple, practical ideas—one Idea from this book may win you a fortune, If you want to invent, know what inventions will py. you the most money. This book tells you. Keeps you from working on Inventions nobody wants to buy. Large cloth bound book, 250 pages. nine big chapters. Only $2.50. Drop a postal and we will send 1500 NEEDED INVENTIONS C.O.D. We pay postage if you send cash with order. If not delighted after 5 days’ examination, return It and get your money back, INVENTORS’ SELLING GUIDE How and where to sell patented or unpatented inven- tions. inventors’ Selling Guide by R. Yates, noted authority on inventions, gives classified list of nearly 1000 manufacturers who buy ideas. Tells how to sell unpatented inventions safely, how to sell chain stores, how to price inventions, selling by correspondence and demonstration, how to find buy. ers, etc. Tells what an inventor must know about Law, Royalty, Contracts, Patents Pending, Financing, Gyp Schemes, Selling Methods. Cloth bound book, 224 pages, 15 chapters, postpald $2 (or C.O.D. plus postage.) Satisfaction guaranteed. BOTH BOOKS FOR $4.00 Jf ordered at one time Write for FREE specimen pages and complete catalog of valuable books for inventors. DONLEY PUBL. CO., 509 Fifth Av, Dept. M2, New York, N.Y. LEARN to SELLS”; a Failure! Secrets of Successful Salesmen making $4,000 te $10,000 a year now available in fascinating Salesmen’s Home Training Plan. Coming business boom bound to make good salesmen wanted everywhere at top salaries, Get Inte the BIG PAY GROUP of Master Salesmen through “KNOWING HOW.” Two books, ‘‘The Key to Master Salesmanship” and ‘'Mistakes Commonly Made in Selling’’ sent F REE to men who want to get ahead. Write for them today. NATIONAL SALESMEN’S TRAINING ASSOCIATION, Dept. 700-8, 21 W. Elm St., CHICAGO 60 POWER TELESCOPE $2.29 VARIABLE EYEPIECE. 20X—40X—60X NEW! Three tetescopesinone. 3 different mag= sp = nifications. 20 power for, ultra-bright () images with 40 and 60 power for extra long Tange. Guaranteed to bring distant 5 Most power- fut made for anywhere near the money. Can be collapsed objecta, people, sports events, ships, moon, stars, etc. 60 times aa close. to less than a foot in length. Mulliple tena eystem. 30 mm. objective, in heavy brass mount. Directions Included for using as a compound 4 lena microscope, American made. We pay the postage. Only $2.29. BROWNSCOPE CO., Dept. 72, 234 Fifth Avo., Now Yoru, N. Y, AGENTS 500% PROFIT GENUINE GOLD LEAF LETTERS Guaranteed to never tarnish. Anyone can put them on stores and office windows, Enormous demand, large profits. Paul Clark says: smallest day $28.70. R. L. Reel made $920 in two months. Write today for free sample and liberal offer to general agents. Also: Take Out Your Own Patents, $1.00 Making Unpat- ented Inventions Pay, 50c METALLIC LETTER CO., 426-A N. Clark St., Chicago SS, AN A ION Offers Alrline Pilots Earn up to $700 a Month Licensed Mechanics up to $200 a Month Thousands of new jobs for men with the kind ọf training you will receive in this Lincoln School, Government Approved School—Now in 27th year, 17 years teaching aviatlon. A fcet of twelve modern AA training planes. Government Licensed Flight Instructors train you for Pilet’s License up to Transport License. Modernly equipped dechanics School with Government Licensed Mechanle Instructors trains you for your Government Mechanle’s License. We assist Graduates in locating positions as fast as they are qualified, Write for catalog. ase state age. LINCOLN AIRPLANE & FLYING SCHOOL, Division of Lincoln Aeronautical Institute (Inc.), 408F Aircraft Bidg., Lincoln, Nebraska. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix /EEKS TRAINING SEND TODAY FOR DETAILS OF MY Easy Monthly Tuition Payment Plan Prepare now for opportunities in a fascinat- ing well paid field. Get your practical training at Coyne so you can be ready for your start for a successful future. You can get your training first, then pay for it in easy monthly payments Starting 5 months from the day you start school. Then you have 18 months to complete onr pa rmen on easy gean plan, 4 ill in and mail coupon below today for H.C.LEWIS full details of this unusual plan. REAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE RADIO TRAINED MAN Prepare for jobs as assembler, inspector and tester—Radio sales or service and installation work. Broadcasting station operator— Wireless operator, sound work. Many opportu- nities in the vast Radio field. 12 WEEKS’ SHOP TRAINING AT COYNE IN CHICAGO — YOU DON'T NEED ADVANCED EDUCATION OR EXPERIENCE We don’t teach by book study. We train you on a great outlay of Radio, Television and Sound equipment—on scores of modem Radio Receivers, actual Broadcasting equipment, Television apparatus, Sound Reproduction equipment, Code and Telegraph equipinent, etc. If you take the code training this requires additional time for which there is no additional charge. You don't need advanced education or Previous exper- ience. We give yu— RIGHT HERE IN THE COYNE SHOPS—the actual practice and experience you'll need for your start in this great field. And because we cut out all use- ess theory and only give that which is necessary you get a practical training in 12 weeks. Mail coupon for all facts about my school and training methods. _ SOUND EQUIPMENT=TELEVISION Television"ls sure to come as a commercial industry. Whether thie year or later, it will offer Opportanities to the man who Is trained in Radio. Here at Coyne you learn Television principles, and work on actual Television equipment, Public Address Systems offer opportunities to the Trained Radio Man. Here is a great new Radio field which is rapidly expanding. Frepars NOW for t ese wonderful opportunities! Learn Radio Sound Work Bede conten, actual Sound Reproduction equipment.. Not a home . Electric Refrigeration=Air Conditioning Included at NO EXTRA COST So that graduates may have an all around training which increases thelr earning capacity, I am inclading for a short time edditional instruc- tion in Electric Refrigeration end Air Conditioning. Here is your chance to got practical treining in this great new field at no additional coat, MANY EARN WHILE LEARNING If you need part-time work to help pay living expenses while at school, tell us your problems and we may be able to help you as we have hundreds of other students. Then, after you graduate, life-time employment service will be available to you. Every Coyne graduate algo receives a Life Mem- bership, with free technica! and business service and privilege of review at any time without edditional tuition charge, ee H. C. LEWIS, President RADIO DIV., COYNE ELECTRICAL SCHOOL 500 S. PAULINA ST., Dept. 27-1H, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS me e ee aae a mea ee ee me! [ B.C. LEWIS, President Radio Division, Coyne Electrical School l 500 S. Paulina St., Dept. 27-1H, Chicago, lii. | i Dear Mr. Lewis: Send me your Big Free Radio Book and all the facts. .. also full details of your easy ly tuition payment plan, NOME. .cccveceeras ot Ageracees | Address bese CY cae veeccucccvecsveneecacvascas SUE: cies 137

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DANCE 5 rons A Whole Family Can Learn from One Set! Realize your ambition—become a good dancer quickly, easily, at home! Arthur Murray, world famous dance authority, with his new picture course teaches you popular Fox Trot, Waltz steps, poise, balance, correct following, self-assurance. No music or partner needed. Write today for 10-Lesson Intro- 7 ductory Course. Pay postman $1.98 upon arrival or send $2 and save 24c postage. Try course 5 days. If not delighted with results money promptly refunded. ARTHUR MURRAY, Studio 297, 7 E. 43 St., N. Y. C., N. Y. JIG SAW 150 or. or oute i “POST PAID. Including 12 assorted blades, Adapters, manual, and roller Saw Guide formerly found on expensive machines only. Alt metal, 15” long, 8” high, 61/2” table. A swift and easy cutter—best ever made for the money. FREE catalog {ustrating complete power tool line: Circular Saw with oilless earings, $3 each; Drill Press. $2.50; completely equipped Lathes, $2 & $3; Sander, $1, ete. All practical tools for real work. Order today or send card for catalog. “The Sigmaker’’ cuts wood up to 2” thick. Shaper, ~ -J & H Metal Products Co. 8 Commercial: St: Rochester, N. Y: E A RAILWAY u TRAFFIC INSPECTOR A Job With a Future Open for You MEN—19 to 50—trained as Railway and Bus Passenger Traffic Inspectors are in constant demand. Short, home-study course qualifies you quickly, and upon completion, we place you at up to $135 per month, lus expenses, art, or refund tuition. elightful, healthful work; travel if you like. Free Booklet. piaga ard Business Training Ins Inatitote, iv. . Y. In Your Present Stove or Furnace— HOTTER—CHEAPER—No Dirt or Ashes — Twice the COOKS A MEAL for LESS Beats any oil burner ever gotten ont for low cost, perfect performance. Burns chea) anew way, without pre-generating or cl oF e ging up. Quick intense heat by Simp! Turn of Valvo. Try At Qur Risk | ASENTS 30 DAYS’ TRIAL BIG MONEY Braver it ange dradeery gng | BSA eens | Sepetinde FO ve n ny Buy bo aef RAVE | orn aikeg | RANGE or! [E| FREE SAMPLE FOR AGENTS Quick HEAT at ney. Write now. oRered toon one je energetic me men Mon Turn of Valvey who will demonstrate oan Fake orders, Write quick, be first to 1 make REAL MONEY right now. svare or full time = ‘mail Te postcard koy ta UNITED PACTORIES, B-600 Factory Bidg., Kansas City, Mo. 138 Accept No Substitutes! Uncorking Bottled Traffic [Continued from page 46] schools along the road, through which children can cross in safety while pleasure cars and trucks rumble and roar overhead. Police Departments in many cities are awaking to the need for practical application of traffic en- gineering to improve traffic control and thereby reduce the number of automobile accidents. Nearly 100 police officers from 14 States recently completed a course at the Traffic Officers’ Training School of Harvard University. In this study, arranged by the International Association of Chiefs of Police and the Automo- bile Manufacturers’ Association, in cooperation with Harvard’s Bureau for Street Traffic Re- search, the student officers were taught methods of locating and eliminating street hazards, ways in which traffic control devices may best be used, and means of gaining the co-operation of motorists and pedestrians in the interest of safety. Into this picture of a motor world being remade through modern principles of traffic engineering has stepped the Federal Government. Today, under the direction of Thomas H. MacDonald, Chief of the United States Bureau of Public Roads, the bureau’s forces are engaged in a vast stock- taking of the country’s highway system, with the idea of rebuilding the highways where necessary so that they will stand more traffic and faster traffic—with safety. In the past 17 years the Federal Government, through MacDonald, has spent some $2,500,000,000 to help the 48 States improve their highways, although the United States does not own a mile of these roads. Since the turn of this century, taxpayers of Federal, State and county govern- ments have spent the staggering sum of $15,000,- 000,000 for the present national highway system. Through the PWA more than $1,000,000,000 ad- ditional has gone into all types of roads with the idea, not of lengthening them—State and local roads throughout the country now cover more than 3,000,000 miles—but of improving the road shoulders, providing better markings, removing dangerous curves and grades, widening rights- of-way, bettering the pavement, and eliminating dangerous railroad crossings by underpasses or overpasses. The Biggest Army [Continued from page 53] long-sustained flight. Air attaches, however, criticize them for their slowness. They are said to have a speed of little more than 100 miles per hour, as compared with 238 for some of the latest American bombers. Could these giants, taking off from an air field near Vladivostok, destroy Tokio or Yokohama and return to their base? Ihave seen many hours of time, a good quantity of Scotch whisky and many packages of cigarettes consumed during Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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evenings in Moscow as military experts debated this subject. And I have never heard any two of them agree fully. A near compromise was reached on the thesis that if a large flight, say 100 bombers, took off for Tokio, enough of them would reach there to inflict heavy damage, but only a few of them would ever return to their base. It would be a suicide mission. The Soviet Union, however, is making rapid progress in both air craft design and motor effi- ciency. Its Air Corps probably is improving more rapidly than that of any other European country. And it recently has adopted some surprising inno- vations, for instance the dropping of an entire regiment of troops, equipped with machine guns, by parachute behind “enemy” lines during ma- neuvers. Only war will tell whether this spec- tacular stunt has real military merit. From a geographical viewpoint, there are really two Red Armies—one in the Far East, the other in the West—which, aside from the central control in Moscow, operate as independent units. This policy results from the Kremlin’s conviction that Russia probably will be forced to fight Japan and Germany simultaneously. The European army in the West is garrisoned along a broad arc extending south from Leningrad, down through Minsk, on to Kiev and the Black Sea. Its primary mission is to protect the Soviet Union from an attack through the Baltic states by Germany, or a drive by Poland or Germany into the Ukraine. Naturally, there are also garri- sons around important interior cities like Moscow. Probably because of the long-standing Japanese “war scare,” it is the “Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army,” commanded by General Vassily Bleucher, which has been the favored child of the Soviet Government. Upon this force, strung out from Lake Baikal to Vladivostok and num- bering about 300,000 men, will fall the brunt of resisting the long-predicted Japanese invasion, when and if it materializes. It is backed by a large air force and a tremendous concentration of food and munitions to insure its independence until aid can reach it from European Russia. For several years after the Japanese began their northward march into Asia the bete noire of the Soviet general staff was the problem of supplying this force, nearly 4,000 miles from Moscow and connected with Europe only by the slender, steel rails of the Trans-Siberian railroad. With frenzied energy, the Kremlin set about strengthening the Far East Army. First, the Trans-Siberian was double-tracked, vastly increasing its carrying capacity. A second line, parallel to the Trans- Siberian but about 100 kilometers north of it, from Lake Baikal to the Pacific, has been projected. New sources of coal and iron have been exploited in Siberia to provide these sinews of war locally. The Far Eastern Army, save for troop re-enforce- ments, has approached an independent status. Armies win wars not with guns alone, but also with the brains which direct them, the morale [Continued on page 140] At these Low Prices Anyone can Afford a Genuine BLACK & DECKER DRILL Here’s a light, powerful drill that makes quick work of a thousand and one jobs around the workshop, garage or home. Drives twist drills for drilling up to 14-inch holes in metal; wood augers up to }4 inch in wood; light grinding and wire-brush wheels; carbon-cleaning brushes; and many other attachments. Powerful Universal motor; 3-jawed Jacobs chuck. Here’s the most popular sized drill for any shop or work- bench—at a price almost any shop can afford. It handles more jobs, drives more accessories, than any other sized drill. Drives twist drills for drilling up to 34-inch holes in metal; wood augers up to 1 inch in wood; B, & D. Hole Saws for cutting clean round holes up to 31% inches in diameter in any material a hacksaw will cut; also drives wheels for light grinding, wire-brushing, ete. So powerful you can’t stall it even when working up to capacity in steel. Universal motor; 3-jawed Jacobs chuck. A great tool for only $35.00. MAIL THE COUPON TODAY for complete information and name of nearest dealer where you can see the B. & D. Junior Drills and other B. & D. Tools. BLACK & DECKER World’s Largest Manufacturer of PORTABLE ELECTRIC TOOLS `- MAIL THIS COUPON NOW | The Black & Decker Mfg. Co., 102 Pennsylvania Ave., Towson, Md. Please send me Free Literature describing new low- priced Black & Decker Tools and the address of my nearest B. & D, dealer. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 139

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The Biggest Army [Continued from page 139] which inspires them and the industrial and agri- cultural reserves which supply them. Five marshals provide the brains and directive energy of the Red Army. They are: Klementi Voroshilov: Commissar of War. Of working class origin. Joined the Social Revolu- tionary party in 1903 and took part in the revolu- tion of 1905. Gained fame by his joint defense, with Stalin, of Tsaritsin against General Denekin during the Civil war. Member of the Central Committee of the Communist party since 1921 and of the Politbureau since 1926. Trim, gray- haired, genial, and Stalin’s closest friend. Mikhail Tukashevsky: Assistant Commissar of War. Came from an aristocratic family. Was educated in the Alexandrov Military School and served as an officer in the Tsarist army during the World War. Joined the Bolshevik party in 1918 and fought against the “Whites” during the Civil war, Won fame for his campaign against the Poles in 1920. Member of the All-Union Central Executive Committee. Known as the “brains of the Red army” and probably would be its com- mander-in-chief in the field in the event of war. Simeon Budonney: Inspector-general of Cav- alry. A hard-riding, walrus-mustached old cav- alryman who is alike the idol of his troops and the debutantes of the diplomatic circle in Moscow. Came of Cossack peasant stock, Arose in the Soviet heirarchy by his dashing cavalry cam- paigns against the “Whites” during the Civil war. One of the most jovial and popular Soviet leaders. Vassily Bleucher: Commander of the Far Eastern Army. Of mysterious origin. All the names he has used are assumed. A metal worker in Central Asia when young. Advanced to an officership in the Tsarist army during the Civil war. Was sent by the Soviets to China during the rise of the Chinese Nationalist movement to organize their army. Cool, shrewd, competent and holds the most important field position in the army-defense of the Far East. Alexander Vegesov: Chief of Staff. Son of a worker, but became an officer in the Tsarist army before joining the Bolsheviks. Primarily a theo- retician on military tactics. Little known. At the end of the Civil war period, virtually the only officers in the Red Army with any degree of technical knowledge—men capable of staff work— were those who had been trained in the Imperial military academies and steeped in the traditions of the former ruling class but who, for various reasons, had gone over to the Bolshevik side. Many of them proved the sincerity of their con- version, as did Tukashevsky. But the Bolsheviks, while forced to employ their technical skill be- cause they had no other, did not trust these men. To each of these former Tsarist officers was at-

i tached a political aide who reported to the Com- : munist chieftains regularly on his conduct. Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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This lack of officers whose loyalty was beyond doubt was a serious problem. The Communists attacked it by establishing technical schools in the Army and utilizing the education of the older officers to teach the more intelligent re- cruits from the workers and peasants the rudi- ments of military science. Now, sixteen years after the Civil war, officers of the higher ranks are virtually 100 per cent members of the Communist party. And even in the lower grades of officers, more than half are so affiliated. At present there are thirteen military schools for training officers, with a total enrollment of 16,000. The term was increased recently from four to five years. In addition, six civilian schools offer courses for military engineers. Vigorous moral support of the Soviet Union and of Communism, as the world knows, has been built up by one of the most intensive and extensive propaganda campaigns in history. The Russian, both in and out of the Red Army, has dinned into his ears daily by radio and through the press what amounts to a religion, its basic tenets being: 1.—The workers of Soviet Russia are the most fortunate people in the world socially, economi- cally and politically. 2.—Foreign capitalists, fearing a revolution of their proletariats because they envy the Russians, are planning a war of extermination against the Soviet Union. 3.—The Red Army is the guardian of the “Workers’ Republic” against those who would destroy this Communistic Utopia. Not one Russian in 1,000 ever sees a foreign newspaper or hears a foreign radio speech. Hence, this propaganda is thoroughly believed. Moreover, the Red Army man is made to feel fortunate by the superior living conditions which he enjoys. During years when many workers and peasants were suffering from malnutrition or, in some cases, actually starving, the Red Army was well fed and warmly clothed. While millions of civilians were wearing rags and wrapping their feet in straw, the soldiers had warm great-coats and good boots. Physical comfort as well as political propaganda bound him firmly to the Army and the State. Now, economic conditions among the civil popu- lation are far better than at any time since the revolution and the contrast is not so sharp. But the Red Army man still enjoys more physical comforts than his average brother on a farm or in a factory. In the event of war the soldier’s loyalty to the government is likely to be much firmer than that of the Tsarist soldiers, who rarely knew just why they were fighting, for the Red Army man is schooled today to believe he is defending a high and definite ideal. What of the weaknesses of this Gargantuan army? Oddly enough, despite the revolution and [Continued on page 142] Amazing Values $1.20 to $2.00 Cross-cut, Rip, Combination 6” (1/2" hole) $1.20 8% (1/2, 5/8", 3/4" hole) $1.60 7 1/2" hole) $1.40 10° (5/8",'3/4"' hole) . . . $2.00 Also Hollow Ground, $3.00 to $5.00 e Keystone Disston- made Circular Saws are specially designed by the world’s foremost sawmakers, for good craftsmanship in home workshops. They fit your machine, suit your work,stay sharp. © Keystone BAND Saws— set, sharpened, joined by Disston, ready for your use, $1.00, $1.05, $1.10, $1.20 each. In Canada, prices slightly higher. Ask your dealer for Keystone Home Work- shop Saws and Tools— Made- By-Disston. Or write us and we will see that you are supplied. Let DISSTON HE tp Disston makes fine Saws, Tools, Files, to give work epeed and accuracy. . to help you excel in craftsmanship. All about these fine tools—how to use them, care for them, illua- trated from home workshop photographs, is told in this Disstoa Manual. Sent FREE, with special pointers on getting the most out of your motorized home workshop equipment. MAIL COUPON TO: HENRY DISSTON : & SONS, INC, 208 Tacony Philadelphia, U. S. A. Send me free copy of “Disston Saw, Tool and File Manual.” INatie!secccsenscecesee cuss e E ia Ad d6 6662 n cena ot cee cencce SAE - When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 141

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Message NE Max Dared to Write! Furtive glances. Whispered words. Concealed remarks. Who ever would have been so foolhardy as to commit them to writing would have signed his own death warrant. What were these communi- cations which for generations could only be transmitted from mouth to ear? It was the rare wisdom of the ancients; age-old truths which tyrants and selfish rulers sought to suppress, knowledge which they knew would give man power, independence, mastery of life and the ability to attain his highest ideals. Today, these secret principles, once withheld from the masses, are available to the sincere, to you if you seek the fullness of life. SEND FOR FREE BOOK The Rosicrucians have for centuries, in distant lands, preserved this knowledge, kept it in secret archives, They have always made it available to men and women who sought progress in life by making the utmost of their natural talents and abilities. They offer you a free copy of “The Secret Heritage,” which explains how you may receive these startling facts. Address: Scribe R. M. A. Tks ROSICRUCIANS {AMORC} California (Not a religious organization) San Jose new Auto-Glide World’s Cheapest $125 Motor Transportation Newest Ride Thrill!—Sweeping the Nation. Easy à to ride—easy to park. Wonderfu! for pleasure— school—deliveries—business. 140 miles on a Ballon of O miles per hour. Safe—Eco~- Nomical and lowest priced motor transportation. Reliable, powerful Cushman Engine, bal- loon air wheels, drum brake, clutch cushion seat, channel iron frame, parcel carrier, lights and horn. INFORMATION—Send at once for full details—NOW! CUSHMAN MOTOR WORKS Dept. 128 Lincoln, Nebr. 142 Accept No Substitutes! The Biggest Army .. [Continued from page 141] evolution of the last nineteen years, I believe the average military expert would agree that they are precisely the same two which were found in the armor of the Tsars—one physical, the other psychological: the extreme backwardness of Russia’s system of communications and the Rus- sian psychology of Nichevo, or “It doesn’t matter.” Under the dynamic leadership of Lazar Kagano- vich, Commissar of Transport, an energetic Jew who for years was head of the Communist party in Moscow (his American counterpart would be a “city boss”), the Soviet railroads are being im- proved. But his task is a formidable one and will take years for its completion. Russian railroads were always backward in comparison with those of America or Western Europe, and years of revo- lution and civil war depleted even the poor legacy left by the Tsar. Rolling stock, so important for moving troops and supplies, is either old or, if new, of inferior quality, and constantly is in need of repair. It is twice as far from Moscow to Vladivostok as from New York to San Francisco; yet this vast area is served by only one trans-continental line. Nor, save in a few sections, can troops depend on highways for fast transportation. The Georgian military highway in the south is a modern stretch of road, and a few strategic pikes have been built in the Far East. But an automobile journey from Moscow to Leningrad, the two principal cities of European Russia, requires two or three days, if one is lucky enough not to break all the springs on his car. It is a distance which the average American motorist would cover between break- fast and dinner. Roads from Moscow to the western frontier are virtually impassable during certain seasons of the year. The Soviet Union is planning a vast highway-building program—but that is in the future. The problem of moving armies and their sup- plies rapidly is perhaps the most formidable one now faced by the Soviet general staff. Russia’s second great military weakness, most observers agree, is psychological. It arises from a certain quality in the Slavic temperament best summed up by the Russian word, nichevo. In- stances were reported in the World War when Russian troops lost tremendous strategic oppor- tunities because their staff officers were loath to leave a card game or an attractive woman. Never mind! The battle could be fought tomorrow. Against this nichevo psychology, so characteris- tic of the average Russian, Communist leaders— many of them Jews, Georgians, Austrians and Poles—have struggled constantly. Every effort is being made to inspire the people with a keen sense of competition. It is too early to say whether a basic trait can be stamped out in a few decades. If it cannot, the nichevo spirit is an intangible but decidedly negative factor in any estimate of Russia’s fighting power. Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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Fighting Oil Well Fires [Continued from page 119] flames stood nearly 200 feet high. Clearing away the hot metal from that was a real job. But that Roumanian job was the meanest to work on.” “How did you conceive the idea of shooting out fires by explosives?” “I didn’t. It was a theory of my father’s, K. T. Kinley. Floyd and I only improved on it. Dad was an oil field worker in California. He noticed that gas fires had a mixing chamber, a three to 15-foot space between the bottom of the blaze and the mouth of the well, in which the gas and air mixed. He figured that an explosion, set off close to that chamber, would break the gas flow long enough for the blaze to disappear before the gas could resume its upward direction. Sort of ‘snuff it out,’ as he termed it. “His problem was to place the shot, and the only way he knew how to do it was to throw it, the jar of landing setting off the blast. The danger of a premature explosion discouraged well owners from letting him try it. But eventually a well he was working on caught fire. Steam and mud had no effect and, because of the danger to other wells ready to come in close by, immediate action was demanded and Dad was allowed to try his idea. “With a heavy charge of nitroglycerin in a crudely constructed bomb, he approached as near as possible to the blaze. A man with a hose started to keep a stream of water on him, but thought better of it, quit and ran. To have as much getaway as possible, Dad tossed the bomb high in the air and fled. The shot landed square on the well and exploded. The fire was out!” The elder Kinley retired from active oil field work several years ago and lives quietly at his home at Ojai, near Ventura, California. Myron Kinley was born near Santa Barbara, California, in 1895 and at 16 started assisting his father, taking up his profession as an oil well shooter, a technical and dangerous work but vital. Five foot 10 inches, and weighing nearly 200 pounds, he is shy and resents any intimation bordering on the show-off. As a hobby he collects old guns and weapons he has picked up in the wild regions he has worked. Between firefighting jobs he manages his own company in Houston, Texas, and looks after his personal oil production holdings. Floyd Kinley, born at Bakersfield, California, in 1903, is eight years younger. He followed the profession of oil well shooting under his brother. An inch or two taller, he looks slender despite his 160 pounds. Slightly deaf from concussion around hundreds of explosions, he assists his brother on all fires. His only hobby—as he puts it—is worrying. He resides with his family on his oil lease seven miles northwest of Tulsa. Also among the half dozen dare-devil fire- fighters is H. L. Patton, of Houston, Texas, who is credited with having subdued more than [Continued on page 145] When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix How to make MONEY WITH YOUR | CAMERA. Big Demand for Photos YOU Can Take! Learn at Home—in Spare Time D: you realize how many photo- graphs are in this ONĘ issue of this ONE magazine? Multiply that by the thousands of publishers who buy photographs. THAT gives an idee of the pictures being bought EVERY MONTH! WHO GETS the money paid for these pictures? YOU can get your share, no matter where you live or what you are doing NOWI Many of these pictures are supplied by amateur pho- tographers —ordinary non-professionals who have learned how to take pictures THAT SELL! Turn Your Hobby into a Profitable Profession You don’t have to be an expert to make money in this fascinating field! You don’t have to live amidst the whirl of exciting daily news events. You don’t even need a special camera, or expensive equipment. 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Fighting Oil Well Fires | [Continued from page 143] 100 fires and wild wells in the last few years. A quiet spoken man of about 40, Patton claims he likes his dangerous job, and has fought fires and wrestled with wild gassers all over the coun- try. He subdued a 45,000 barrel wild well in the big East Texas field, capped an outlaw in Wyom- ing when the temperature was 45 below zero, and has entered craters after derricks and all riggings had been swallowed. One of Patton’s last spectacular jobs was on a burning well within the city limits of Corpus Christi, Texas. The roaring fire threatened other wells and parts of the city. Two men were burned to death and two others hurt. Through such infernos Patton only once sus- tained serious injury. Fire broke out behind him after he crawled into the derrick floor of a wild well on the Texas coast in 1935. Out of sight of his helpers, who were unable to turn water on | him, he was forced to fight blindly through the | flames. He was badly burned but ready for an- | other fire within a few months. “I sort of like a good fire,” he says. Another famous and stout-hearted oil well tamer is John W. Gordon, a Cherokee Indian who lives on a placid farm at Choteau, Okla. During the early days of the Oklahoma and Texas fields when he was a roustabout and con- nection man—one who works with a special crew connecting wells to pipe lines and storage tanks— two big wells blew in wild. Each ran about 25,000 pounds, with 60,000,000 feet of gas, spray- ing homes with oil, and endangering the lives of hundreds of people. Gordon volunteered to tame them. He organized a crew consisting of two boys and subdued the smaller well within three days, and the larger, the Mary Sudick, in 11 days. When the big Morgan Stout well later went out of control and menaced the east part of Oklahoma City and the State Capitol itself, Gordon was again summoned and succeeded in conquering the giant after a breath-taking battle. Gordon subdued many other wells, but he has learned from long experience that oil wells ate like lions —the wild ones look mean but it’s the tame ones that get you. Not long ago while doing a small job on a tame Kansas well he was suddendly knocked down by a chain that broke. A piece of the chain hit him on the leg, and complications resulted that kept him in bed for several months. “My advice,” he says “is to watch the wild ones, but be even more careful of the tame ones.” Others who have risked their lives in dangerous infernos are Ford Alexander, of Whitter, Cali- | fornia, who has had many narrow escapes in the Coast oil fields, and W. A. (Tex) Thornton, who, ' after winning wide fame in fire fighting, is now operating his own torpedo company at Amarillo, Texas. Next to the Kinleys he is probably the best known among the old-timers. we “WANT SACKIE JWE WANT JACKI CERTAINLY ; POPULAR |__| Guy — GETS NVITED | TO ALL THE = PARTIES © WANTS HIM TO PLAY HIS HARMONICA Ca] MAIL COUPON For 3 se = New FREE ft HARMONICA INSTRUCTION BOOK HOHNER irar e HARMONICAS New York H Please send me your new Instruction Book FREE. a i E NAMe core ccc cee cere rccnc rec vnereesenseesesenstosreces i i p Address 60... cess e een c eee nanecceccrecescereseessasceeas i . a n CU sessssrseesrvensseusieseesavirevies State saeserooos Li Address “Canadian inquiries to Hough & Kohler, Ltd., |] 468 King St., W., Toronto. a a M. HOHNER, Inc., Dept. 18B, 351 Fourth Ave., New York City a i eins me il i When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 145

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The amazing performance of the Diesel powered Bur- lington Zephyr trains has opened a new era of power efficiency. Air- planes, automobiles, great industrial Plants will soon be using these mar- velously efficient engines. This means a new profession, a new trade for thou- Bands of men. Learn Diesel operation, construction and repair NOW through our brand new quick reference cyclo- Dedia. 5 Big Books Shipped FREE for examination. If you want to get into the most promising new field of the century, the livest, most up-to-date, most talked of profession, send for these books on our amazing free shipment offer. Over a thousand pages profusely illustrated and right up to the minute. Examine these books, read them, test them and if not thoroughly satisfled return them at our expense and you svon’t owe us one cent. Consulting Membership Included Bend now and we will include without extra charge a one year consulting membership in the American Technical Society with Privece of consultation with our engineers on any difficult oroblen. A American Technical Society, Drexel at 58th Street, Dept. 02320, Chicago, Illinois. You may send me the new 5 volumes on Diesel Engineering for ten days free examination. I will pay the few cents express only. Will examine the books and return them in ten days unless I decide to keep them, in which case I agree to send you $2.00 In ten days and $3.00 a month until the introductory price of only $15.80 is paid. Name aaee---- Address e City. wie State... o= = — Please attach a letter giving age, occupation and the name and address of your employer and that of at least one business man as reference, For..BIG Money-Making. Doing ALL Work Use Xe EIFEt-GEARED PLERENCH KIT @ 2 New Pocket Machine @ACT TODAY, and Shops. . 7° and 8%’... get also Free ., “the @ It Takes 7 SQ, FT. OF SPACE world’s Most Useful and 101 Pictures to show the astound- small tool,” It has.. Ing Working Power, Speed and Efi- 2 End, 2 Side and 3 Angle ciency, and the AMAZING MONEY- Edgesae R E E FREE MAKING Power..$35 to $100 Weekly.. turne ofthis Greatest Hand Tool Invention of Screws in ALLTime .. so Don’t expect us lotell the All Posi- story Here; but..let us send you the lions.. MOST AMAZING Propositions, FREE! Ų $1 worth aa They will Please and Astound you! Z of Uses. s @ Mail this Partof Ad TODAY with your address (on a Postcard will | do). Get FREE—101-Pictuse Manual of Mechanics, with... O) User Offers. Or, With; O DISTRIBUTOR, Territory and FREE KIT Offers. l L AMERICAN PLITRENCH CORP’K GMM-4808 N. Ashland Avo., CHICAGO, ILL. | NEW SCREW FEED Turninc LATHE only No, 355_6x18” METAL TURNING LATHE WIT! LONGITUDINAL SCREW FEED. Len h overall 30”, Machined semi-V_ ways. No. O MORSE TAPER CENTERS. between TWO BRONZE BEARINGS. BEARING. Vel tallstock set-over: emi-V ways fibbe ‘or take-up. Compound swivels thi io, Included: Ewe 60° centers, tool post assembly and á” face, pig 3” four jaw chuck $3.50; 4” chuck $4.50; Chuck adapter bushing n naa pered arbor wich flanges and nut and Ag chuck 89 Se C ; with order, balance C. O. D. hi i 30 ibs. FREE 32-page catalog. Pip. BMpping ween Threaded hollow spindleg 4-step pulley mounte! TAPERED TAKE-UP ° Compound carriage travels on BALKO ELEC, MOTOR & SUPPLY CO, Dept. B2, 10 S. Clinton St. Chicago, Il. 146 F REE: This Outdoors Sheath Knife Ideal for hunting, fishing and camping trips. It has a sturdy 4° blade, tempcred and polished, wlth keen, durable cutting edge. Blade extends clear thru the bone stag handle. Complete with leather sheath, OUTDOORS is a monthly magazine you will enjoy. Filled with illustrated stories and information on hunting, fishing, camping and outdoor activities. Also up- = n ne . to-the-minute information on guns, fishing tackle, dogs. SPECIAL OFFER We will send you this Sheath Knife and OUTDOORS MAGAZINE for a whole year. Both for only $1.00 Clip this ad and mail today with $1.00 bill to OUTDOORS, Dept. M 333 N. Mich, Ave, Chicago, I. AUTOMOBILE RACING Naw Book (Fourth Edition) Nine Chapters, 66 illustrations of dirt, midget and championship cars and drivers. How to build cars and bodies; 14 plates working AA drawings. Converting stock cars to 135 m. p. h. racers. Book answers all questions on speeding up cars, balance, speed revs, rules, specifications, track records, etc. Post- paid $1.00, C. O. D. $1.12. Order NOW. RAY F. KUNS, Dept. A-2, Matisonvite, Ginclanatl, Ohlo ON YOUR TRAILERS Send a dollar for Trailer Designers” Guide Book. It includes 8 dis- tinctively different designs of trallers, thelr descriptions and floor plans. A simplified model No. 800 with assembly plans, sections, de- tails, underbody sheet and stock list, including bolts and screws, building instructions, suggestions as to what to invent for trailers, drawings of doors and windows, and how to build them. A variety of color sketches, trailer balancing instructions, etc. Mail a dollar today Mich. for this large book. D. VAN OOSTVELDT. Ili Marston, Dept. 33, Detrolt, Inventions and unpatented, since 1924. Write for proof, and tell us what you have for sale. Chartered Institute of American Inventors We have been successfully selling inventions, patented | Dept. 5, Barrister Building, Washington, D. C. | until you get complete book of over 100 money-saving facts on free power from the wind! Answers all questions. Includes full plans for 6 & 32 V. plants. Sent post- paid for 25c, stamps or coin.Dept. A Good positions for trained men and women in hotel, club, restaurant and institutional field. Previous experience Proved unnecessary. Qualify in FOUR f MONTHS—learn on real hotel equip- ment, under expert instructors. Na- tional Placement Service FREE of extra charge. New x Day Classes start Feb., Sept., Oct., Jan. Catalog FREE! ð LEWIS HOTEL TRAINING SCHOOLS bed Division RPB-9134 Washington, D, C. Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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Servicing 200 Trains Daily ` [Continued from page 136] a thousand cars that aren’t air-conditioned by their own power-driven equipment that provide the heaviest job of the yard for several months of the year. Putting the hundreds of tons of water required by the sleepers and diners daily into their tanks is an easy matter because they’re simply hooked up to the pipe lines, but handling the four hundred tons of ice needed to air-con- dition the cars—and that includes chair cars and some coaches as well as sleepers—is something of a job in itself. Four ice boxes with capacities ranging up to a maximum of three tons at a filling have been slung from the car frame. Water from the melt- ing ice flows to a pump which forces it through a radiator in the roof of the car, while a blower circulates the air in the car together with a cer- tain proportion of fresh air from outside, throuch the radiator, or cooling unit. The water which has served to effect a ten to fifteen degree drop in the temperature of the car and has become warm itself in the process, is then sprayed over the ice in the boxes and again circulated through the cooling unit. That isn’t all the ice that’s handled at Sunny- side daily by many thousands of pounds since the refrigerators of the diners and the drinking water coolers of all those cars have to be filled with chopped ice, but that’s boy’s work compared with the man-sized job of air-conditioning. Handling material in and out of cars, cleaning and repairing cars and engines and shifting them about constantly to make new train combinations hourly, however, are not the only problems of yard management. It has a population that fluctuates between the two and three thousand mark in the course of every twenty-four hours. The yard and Pullman servicing crews total some twelve hundred men and women who work in three shifts. The laundry adds another hundred. More than eight hundred porters and almost as large a number of waiters, cooks and dining car stewards arrive and depart in the course of the day. Not the least of the intense activities that go on here unseen and unheralded, is the advance work on some thousands of meals destined to be served over the clicking rails. Sunnyside is one of the Pennsylvania Railroad’s three principal commissaries. Every twenty-four hours it must stoke the rolling eateries with close to three tons of meat, poultry and fish, a quarter of a ton each of butter, eggs and coffee, as well as tea, sugar, salt and cream. What, no vegetables? Of course, oodles of them, too. The diner wants spuds with his roast and 2,500 pounds of them are loaded daily for his benefit. He also expects to be able to com- mand broccoli, cauliflower, asparagus, onions, strawberries or what have you just as if he were in the best of stationary hotels instead of aboard one traveling at high speed. And he gets them. i When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix TELEVISION Are you satisfied with the money you are now fy making? With the success and future of your job? Is fẹ your field over-crowded? Don’t go to sleep while des- Mt tiny is shaping new careers, new fortunes in the great field of RADIO and TELEVISION. Learn by Actual, Practical Training in 3 Leading Radio-Television Station Radio Station W9XBY, and Television Broadcasting Station W9XAL, owned and operated by First National fy Television, Inc., are the practical laboratories where J you actually put into practice what you learn in class rooms, YOU LEARN BY DOING! Think what it means to you! The most elaborate and complete broadcasting stations at your disposal. This practical experience is absolutely vital to rapid progress, and to the thorough and advanced knowledge necessary to win SUCCESS. Big Money and Ready Jobs Await Television Experts Unlimited opportunities in this new, expanding profession await alert, aggressive, trained) men...men who LEARN men with vision to get in on the ground floor when the profession is young and uncrowded. You know the truth of this. You know that TELEVISION is already a reality and is just waiting development of man-power when it will sweep- the nation with its marvels. ONLY 6 MONTHS TRAINING FOR U.S. GOV'T, LICENSE Our “training on the job'' qualifies you in only 6 months for a U. S. Government License (First Class) at mini- mum cost. Our new profusely illustrated m 48-page FREE book, ‘‘Pictures on the s ~ Air’, gives you complete information. å You owe it to yourself and your fam- ily to investigate. Don’t wake up a year from now and find your friends making- big money in fascinating Radio-Television HAA careers... while you have stood still! PR, ACT NOW! Send the coupon today! K FIRST NATIONAL TELEVISION CO., tne, Training Di NAR lon Kansas City, Mo. Pt RECESS Serr MAIL COUPON NOW! $. 0. NOEL, Pros., First National Television, tno. Dept. GG2, Power & Light Bullding, Rances City, Mo. ae Rush my Free copy of ‘‘Pictures on the Air’ describing op» portunities in Television. 1 am 17 years old, or older. Name Street Town State_____ -147

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AND ALL KINDS OF ANIMALS SPORTSMEN, SAVE YOUR TROPHIES! Learn at home in spare time to mount all kinds of birds | and animals, Decorate your den with trophies of ficld and stream. We teach you this FASCINAT- ING SPORTSM EN’S. HOBBY. Quickly, easily fearned. Wild game is growing scarcer, “Trophies now more valuable than ever! Shoot FEWER and MOUNT them true to life. IT'S PROFITABLE! Many report earning $25 to $75 a month mounting specimens for hunters. Why not YOU? Learn to make USEFUL articles from mounted specimeng Such as book ends, lamps, etc., ete. (See squirrel lighter to left.) WILD GAME NOT NEEDED. bunt you can mount COMMON specimens: oN pigeons, hawks, rabbits, even frogs. We also teach you to FUN. LEARN TANNING tan furs soft and pll- able and new method to TAN GENUINE LEATHER from all Kinds of hides. Great spare time money maker. FREE BOOK Send right now for beautiful free 48-page booklet, illus- trated, telling how easily YOU can learn to be a Taxidermy Artist. Contains many fine pictures. Intensely interesting, Get YOUR copy jaye No cost or obligation. Send now! State AGE. K. W. SCHOOL of TAXIDERMY, 4732 Elwood Bldg., Omaha, Neb. Ifyou don’t Owls, Real Two Giant Industries NEED MEN A ¢ LGA AIR CONDITIONING ELECTRIC REFRIGERATION We supply trained men for America’s two fast- est-growing industries. If you can meet our requirements, we will train you for a_good pay position as Installation and Service Expert in the Electric Refrigeration and Air Conditioning fields. We will give you an opportunity to qualify for profitable employment with an ex- eeptionally bright future. Can You Qualify? To be seceptable for enrollment you should be mechanically inclined, between ages of 18 and 40, have falr education and be able to furnish character references. FREE BOOK Get amazing facts about actual opportunities H for ambitious men in Air Conditioning and = Electric Refrigeration. Our new Free Book describes these money- making opportunities and tells how you can qualify if you meet our Tequirements. Send coupon below, or write for vour copy today stating which industry interests you most. No obligation. UTILITIES ENGINEERING INSTITUTE ©=tsptishes 400-410 N. Wells St.,: Dept. 227, Chicago, lll. SEND THIS COUPON FOR FREE BOOK Utilities Engineering Institute, Dept. 227, 400-410 N. Wells St., Chicago, fl Please send me your Free Book telling how I can qualify for the big opportunities offered In Air Conditioning and Electric Refrigeration. | O AIR CONDITIONING O ELECTRIC REFRIGERATION I] J I have marked which Interests me most. J a J J Accept No Substitutes! Kidneys Must Clean Out Acids Your body cleans out Acids and poisonous wastes in your blood thru 9 million tiny delicate Kidney tubes or filters, hut beware of cheap, drastic, irritating drugs. If functional Kidney or Bladder disorders make you suffer from Getting Up Nights, Nervousness, Leg Pains, Backache, Circles Under Eyes, Dizziness, Rheumatic Pains, Acidity, Burning, Smarting or Itching, don’t take chances. Get the Doctor’s guaranteed prescription called Cystex. $10,000.00 deposited with Bank of America, Los Angeles, Calif., guarantees Cystex must bring new vitality in 48 hours and make you feel years younger in one week or money back on return of empty package. Telephone your druggist for guaranteed Cystex (Siss-tex) today. SPECIAL ~ Correspondence Courses in RADIO and ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FRAY ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING coescmaice | A D electrical field, one can grasp quickly. Pree ou for secure future. w Cost] Ultra-modern course in radio public ad- Mares y: RADIO ENGINEERIN dress, photo-electriec work, Trains you ta be super-service_ man, real vacuum tube technician, Student pln, diploma given. Tultion ONLY $25, elther course. Ask about deferred t Send name quick for free copies of'school catalogs, student magazines, complete details. SEND NOW? LINCOLN ENGINEERING SCHOOL, 931-5 So. 37th St., Lincoln, Nebr. | of .RTOON YOUR WAY SUCCESS! mS N'T COPY = LEARN TO ORIGINATE! RAYE BURNS will teach you HOW to CREATE ORIGINAL CARTOONS at home that you can 85 : f Most modern course. So simplified a BELL! Course has 26 lessons and 600 Send name ond address for fres detaia. Only. -.- RAYE BURNS SCHOOL, Dept. F-X, Box 2194, CLEVELAND, OHIO UNPATENTED IDEAS CAN BE SOLD “We tell you how and help you make the sale. Particulars, with list of manufacturers and wanted inventions, sent free on request. Write W. T. GREENE 974 Barrister Bldg. Washington, D. C. Print YourOwn Cards, stationery, advertising, labels, paper, circulars, tags, ete. Savemoneyandtime. Sold direct from factory only. Junlor Press, $5.90. Job Press, $11, Power, $149. Do popular raised printing like en- graving with any of our presses. Print for Others. Blg Profits Pays for itself in a short time. Easy rules sent. Write for free catalog of outfits and all details. j The Kelsey Co. K9, Meriden, Conn. BUILD IT YOURSELF Gy) ne, DANDY, cur oe With my plans you can build thie beautiful coach with ease and save money, Plans show every detail of building body, chassis, beda, cebi- neta. drawers, refrigerator, tops electric light and watersystemsan where to buy parts. The Jim Dandy Cabin Cralser can be built in any size to accommodate 2 to 4 people, Send $1.00 for these plana today—ret started m: wi Box 125-C, Wausau, Wis. COMPLETE BUILDING PLANS $129 | MAIL DOLLAR BILL TO JIM DANDY, Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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Dr. Elihu Thomson, Inventor [Continued from page 126} The mental flood-tide has continued through- out Thomson’s eighty-three years. None of the “sons of Tom in science” was ever more prolific of ideas than Elihu. Only a few years after his alternating-current contributions, he produced the first practical wattmeter in this country, and which even today measures your electrical con- sumption, For this he shared with Aron, a European inventor, the Paris prize of 1890, amounting to 10,000 francs. We owe thanks to Prof. Thomson for the modern arc light that still lights many city streets. He has dominated the development of turbo-generators. Other of his great inventions include the high frequency dynamo; his oil-immersed and oil- cooled transformer, and his useful—in fact, in- dispensable—constant current transformer, a further application of the repulsion principle. Aside from the electrical field, his work with fused quartz may be noted, especially its application to astronomical mirrors; his continuous centrifu- gal separator, leading to the centrifuge; and his fluid pressure engine (later introduced com- mercially as the “uniflow engine.” All these inventions and discoveries, and others extending down to his last patented invention of 1935, are practical ideas that have come forth from the thinking and experiments of this single technician. His inventions have caused the issu- ance of 700 United States patents; but to him the patents have held a minor interest by comparison with what he calls “that joy of joys—the joy of achievement.” Well has he practiced his favorite motto: “Prove all things and hold fast to that which is good.” It was largely through the foresight of Dr. Thomson that the Thomson-Houston Company united with the Edison General Electric Company to form the present General Electric Company. In the consolidation Dr. Thomson agreed to take charge of the large laboratory at Lynn, Mass., which was renamed the “Thomson Laboratory.” Here he has remained ever since, still actively inventing. Dr. Thomson’s latest invention relates to im- provements in electric refrigerators. Probably no living man has been more honored than Elihu Thomson. He has been awarded four- teen outstanding medals, decorated by all leading countries, awarded honorary degrees by such in- stitutions as Yale, Harvard, University of Penn- sylvania, and also Victoria University, at his birthplace in Manchester, England, Despite his manifold practical activities Dr. Thomson has found time for various hobbies. He is an ardent student of astronomy, an “amateur” he calls himseli—yet recently he supervised con- struction of the fused quartz dise for a 200-inch telescope! Dr. Thomson served three years as president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. To this day he is a director of the Institute. Accept No Substitutes! `a tremendous assortment of Amazing Hew height RADIOS + MAGNA-SPAN DIAL «si MITA-TONE SPEAKER See America’s most amazing radios—the new 1937 Knights—in the ALLIED Catalog! 38 great models, featuring sensational new de- velopments—Giant Magna-Span Dials, Vita-Tone super-dynamic speakers, perfected metal tubes, Flywheel Tuner, the “Electric Eye, Visual Wave-Band Indicator, beautiful “‘Laydown” cabinets, etc. Here is tone quality, sensitivity, selectivity, volume capacity, all-around performance—tremendous values that only ALLIED can offer at such low, money-saving prices! All-Wave, Dual-Wave and Short-Wave—S to 19 tubes—for AC, AC-DC, 6 Volt, 32 Volt, Battery and Auto operation—a set for every purse and purpose] _ 38 MODELS TO CHOOSE FROM! AsLow as $8.45—5 to 19 Tubes—See Your ALLIED Catalog! Knight 11 Tube All-Wave Super 1937’s greatest Value! Here is a set that has everything—3 full wave-bands—16 to 550 meters— for powerful, dependable all-wave coverage; 11” Magna-Span dial; mighty 12” Vita-Tone speaker; RCA Metal Tubes; beautiful con- sole cabinet; A.V.C.; Tone Con- trol—no other 11 tube set offers so much quality, such val- ue, so many features! Knight 5 Tube AC Superhet The radio sensation of the year! Features 2 efficient bands for reli- able standard broad- cast and short wave re- ception; heavy-duty 6” electro-dynamic speak- 7 y er; big 534” easy-tuning vernier dial; latest RCA licensed circuit; modern “laydown"’ cabinet —the answer to the widespread demand for a quality receiver at a low price! See back cover of the ALLIED Catalog. TU Set-Builderal We can supply matched kits for building any Modern Mechanix circuit. Write to us for_Free parts lists covering Vest Pocket AC; Hitch-Hiker’s 2-Tube Portable; Musical Derby; Match Box Radio; Portable Sound System; Bicycle Radio; Metal Tube DX'er; 3 Watt Ampli- fier, and many others, ALSO—see pages 125-6-7 of ALLIED Catalog for other new, low-priced, build-your-own kits. EVERYTHING IN RADIO AT LOWEST PRICES Besides the 38 new Knight Radios, the 1937 ALLIED Catalog includes more than 10,000 exact duplicate and replacement parts: S-W transmitters, transceivers and receivers; all leading lines of test instruments; Public Address equipment from 8 to 60 watts; dozens of Set-Builders’ kits; urlpower units and Windchargers; books; tools, etc. No matter what your radio needs may be, you'll find them fully answered in the ALLIED Catalog. Send for your FREE copy today! ALLIED RADIO 833 W. Jackson Blvd., Dept. 6B, Chicago, Ill. O Send me FREE 1937 ALLIED RADIO CATALOG. O Send me FREE Parts List for.......sccsssscsssessetesnesessesscees Corp. Address. CAD E A E ee ee a a a a a Always Insist on the Advertised Brand! 149

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“LEARN BY in 12 weeks training PAY TUITION ON EASY PAYMENT PLAN My Big Free Book tells you How wo train youin 12 weeks—to start in the growing field of Electricity, by actual shopwork on real electrical ma- hinery—not by booksor correspondence. Amazing plan enables many to get traine ing first... then take 18 Months to pag in small monthly payments starting Months from date you start school, Ex- perience or advanced education not needed. Many Earn While Learning. Freelifetime employment service.Diesel Engines, Electric Refrigeration and Air ons ing instruction included. MAIL eae =v aam COUPON for FREE BOOK andallFacts. H. C. LEWIS, President, COYNE ELECTRICAL SCHOOL sop S, Paulina St., Dept. 27-33, Chicago, Ii. i eni ee Book with tacts on Coyne ing and tell me about your ™*Pay-Tultion-After-Graduation’* Plan. NAME. WANTED nan RANEH iks By old established firm, to cast 5e and 10c Novelties, Toy Autos, Metal Ashtrays, etc, Can be done in any spare room, basement or garage. No experience neces- sary as. we furnish full instructions with moulds and small outlay starts you. A rare opportunity for these times, so if over 21 and you want to Gevote your spare or full time to profitable work write AT ONCE for full details as we are now closing arrangements for 1937 supply of our goods. METAL CAST PRODUCTS CO. 1696 Boston Road, Dept. 2, New York, N. Y. YO BOSS Beindependent, start a wood sawing busie ness, bigmoney, finest Log and Tree Saw on earth. Easy terms. New low factory prices. Big FREE catalog. WITTE ENGINE WORKS 6572 Oakland Ave. Kansas City, Mo. MAKE up to $65 WEEKLY ; in new kind of wholesale business. Place famous lne 5c-10c goods with stores. Mer- chants grab our FREE GOODS Deals. 200 fast- selling products—all on salesmaking Counter Displays. Up to 140% profit for you and merchant. No experience or investment to start, Big catalog and facts FREE. ü World’s Products Co., Dept. 2814, Spencer, Ind. =e ‘AMAZING NEW BUSINESS ~ Sell to Stores ALL PURPOSE “4,,,,..- MOTO.-.TOOL for Home—Shop— Scheol—Profession DAY Grinds, drills, ene MONEY. graves. routes; carves; sharpens, polishes an MELE does hundreds of jobs quicker, better and with greater precision, Handles easily as a Pencll—weighs only six ounces, and ls amazingly powerful. 110= Volt Universal] Motor—about 20,000 r.p.m,—ollless self-align- ing ball thrust bearings. Handy built-in switch. Easily replace- able brushes. Universal Collet Chuck, Bakelite housing. You must see and use it to appreciate its tremendous value. Order on 10-day trial. Money re- funded If not more than satisfied BOOKLET FREE. 20-plece Craft: man’s ‘rool Set for all types of Moto-Tool work, $5.75. DREMEL MANUFACTURING CO. 1014-CT, Racine, Wisconsin “10 SENT POST PAID :50 Accept No Substitutes! PARKS AIR COLLEGE PARKS AIRPORT ` EAST ST.LOUIS, ILL Offers you college education majoring In aviation Four 9t-week courses lead to B, S. degrees in Professional Flight, Aviation Operations, Aviation Mechanics, Aeronautical Engineering. 100 acre airport. 14 buildings. 33 in faculty. 260 enrollment. 5,800,000 miles flight training. 1,520 planes, 509 engines repaired and rebuilt in shops. Graduates with all leading aviation companies, e ii dining hall on feld. Spring term Mar, 29th. Catalog. rite REGISTRAR, DEPT. - 10th YEAR PARKS AIR COLLEGE, EAST ST. tours, ILL. me Earn Cash at Home! en We paid M. M. $267 in 3 weeks for exceptional ‘‘eellar crop’ patented mush- rooms! Big free picture book tells if your cellar, shed, barn suitable. We buy all crops thru ten branches, Write today. (Estab. 1908.) UNITED MUSHROOM CO. 3848 Lincoln Ave., Depl. 78 Chicago Make money in. advertising. Prepare quickly during spare time. s while you learn. No experience necessary, lew, easy method. Nothing else like it. Send at once for free booklet — °*Win Succesa in Advertising d full particulars, No obligation. Page-Davis School of Advertising 3602 Michigan Avenue, Dept. 2052, Chicago, Illinois, U, S. A. Also eam Learn Public Speaking At home—in spare time. Many overcome “‘stage-fright,’’ gain self-confidence, and increase their earning power, through ability to sway others by effective speech. Write for free booklet, How to ork Wonders With Words and requirements. NORTH AMERICAN INSTITUTE, Dept. 2052 3601 Michigan Avenue Chicago, illinois BUILD YOUR OWN Electric Outboard Motor from old auto generator. We show you how. Variable Speed. Light weight and Silent. Operates from 8 to 12 hours on ordinary storage battery. Dime brings complete plans and_ catalog. Wind Driven 1 Cottage Light Plants, Motors, ete. 1514 W. Lake LEJAY MFG., RADIOS ALL NEW 1937 MODELSI DEAL DIRECT—FACTORY PRICES! Iren-Clad Written Guarantee! A penny postcard brings you our new, full» color 16-page BARGAIN CATALOG free. Man: models to choose from: 4 to 19 tubes; AC-DC, All-Wave and new Farm sets that operate ilke city radios! 30-DAY NO-RISK HOME. TRIAL! Send post card or coupon below for full detailea of our 30-day no-risk trial and Agent-User proposition! MAIL COUPON GOLDENTONE RADIO CO. Dept. H, Dearborn, Mich. Wimout obligation, send me new 1937 Catalog and 30» day trial plan. AGENTS! A real money- making offer, Write at once for territory! Address Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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A Modern Desk Typewriter (Continued from page 122] The slide rod is fastened to the drawer with ten- penny nails. Drill holes for the nails to prevent splitting and place a vs" high pile of 34” washers between the rod and the side. The hooks are morticed into the side, so the hooks will just catch the rod and swing the drawer. Adjust this and then bolt in your hooks as shown in Figures 8 and 8-A. Build the supply shelf so it fits easily into the space allotted. The horizontal divisions are fast- ened with dowels which run from one to the other through the vertical piece. The vertical piece is fitted with dowels which have small springs in back of them. These loose fitting dowels will then be pushed into holes, but not until after the desk has been first given its enam- eled finish. This method of fitting makes the painting much easier. A little aechanical work still is necessary. Place the doors and drawer fronts with fine brads, see that they check for straight lines, locate the hinges then just above the hinge on the copy side of the door put a small strip for holding copy. A friction cupboard catch holds the door in position. Place it on one side of the door so it does not interfere with the copy. The spring catch portion is put to a mortised spot on the bottom of the typewriter drawer. The front of the stationery drawer is now nailed in place. The supply door is made in one piece, to save time, with the hinges located under the door and fastened to the door strip. Mortise the file lids for hinges and fit as out- lined in Figure 11. As they are only intended to hold folders and similar light material, their con- struction is sufficiently strong. Cut a piece of tin to the pattern in Figure 11 marked envelope holder. This is fastened to the front of the file pockets, which are wider than necessary for folders. The metal is easily bent with pliers and a piece of wood. Finally see that the leave pulls easily allowing for several coats of enamel. The handles in Figure 10 are made from standard s” hexagon brass. Two are 3% inches long and two 4 inches long. File slight bevels at the ends and drill holes for escutcheon pins. A 1" pile of 3g” copper coated washers is used to keep the bar from the desk. This makes a simple and quite modernistic handle. These simple handles do much to set off the desk. In enameling the desk, which was mentioned previously, first sand down the finish off the wood until it is perfectly smooth. The enamel should then be applied according to the instructions on the can and allowed to dry. Rub down the first coat with pumice or rotten stone and light lubri- cating oil and apply a second coat of enamel so as to secure a mirror gloss. The decorative lines running around the desk are made by filling in the saw cuts with plaster of Paris into which has been mixed equal parts of whiting and alumninum bronze powder. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix Hate You TIED TO YOUR Are you in a rut, tied to a factory job, with little ° or no prospect for ad- vancement? Will you be doing the same thing 20 years from now? wl you. train for a > etter job, more pay ‘Sand Prosperity? Pre- Pare now, to enjoy everything that big- ger earnings make. possible. _ D The Road to Advancement In every walk of life practical training in DRAFTSMAN- SHIP will prove valuable. Even if you don’t accept a job as a DRAFTSMAN, you will be money ahead by taking Engineer Dobe’s Course. You will be amazed at the apeed with which you can learn in your own home in your spare time by Engineer Dobe’s PRACTICAL METHOD. JOBS NOW OPEN In all industries, Drafting leads the way. In Aviation, Electricity, Building, Machinery, Automobile, Draftsmen must be used, and their work comes first. Recovery in industry and building is definitely on the way. Many trained Draftsmen will be needed on better jobs at better pay and shorter hours. Prepare NOW! Learn at Home From an Engineer I will teach you my practical method that has been success- ful with thousands since 1900, I will furnish you with all tools and a drawing table. I will teach you in a very short time by mail in your spare time until you actually have æ desirable Draftsman’s job, or prepare you for better pay in the job you now have. No High School or previous expe- rience needed. You must be entirely satisfled with my personal training UNTIL COMPETENT and until assisted to a position, MONEY BACK, “Start NOW rai Complete Outfit Size 20 x 25 Inches and get the training. Prepare FURNISHED for more pay and a better job. Send the coupon below TODAY! Time is money! Don’t delay! No obligations! : ENGINEER DOBE, Div. 4732 Libertyville, II, 5 a Send me your free book, ‘Successful Draftsmanship” and ex- s z plain how you will assist me to a good position as a draftsman. = E Namesat nia ee) ots Åge : Address? coat, eth a e a a n Post Office : a — on —

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FOR A PERMANENT PROFITABLE BUSINESS OF YOUR OWN - and = Our free plans show you how to build a successful business of your own nE lasen nowers. No experience necessary. Most men average from $30 to $40 a week. J. B. Van Dien, writes: ‘Some weeks I earned $40 e week with my Ideal just as a side line. H. Greenlau, writes: ‘In May I sharpened over 200 mowers at $1.00 each.’ Niles C, Race, writes; “I have sharpened 785 mowers at .00 each.” THE. IDEAL LAWN MOWER SHARPENER Makes old, dull lawnmowers cut like new. Mowers run easier, stay sharp longer—cus- tomers come back year after year. Start right at home. Attach the Ideal to your lamp socket. Sharpens any make of mower in 15 to 20 minutes—you get $1.00 to $1.50. Attachments for grinding skates, gress shears, hedge shears, sickles, scythes, axes, etc. Send Post Card for FREE CATALOG and complete plans THE FATE-ROOT-HEATH CO. 337 Bell St. aaa Ohlo & PEOPLE know that thousands of Royal squabs are wanted weekly in N. Y., Chi- cago, other cities by very best leading mar- ketmen whose names we give you? Cash for you when these birds are only 25 days old, at prices much higher than other poultry. Start breeding now. Free White Kings for prompt order. Send stamp for informing picture book and full facts. PR CO. 02 H. Sty ELROSE, MASS. Law! LEARN AT HOME Are you adult, alert, ambitious, willing to study? Investigate LAW! We guide you step by step=- furnish all texts, including 14-volume Law Libra- ry. Training prepared by leading law professors and given by members of bar. Degree of LL. B. conferred. Low cost, easy terms. Send NOW for Free ,64-page“‘Law Training for Leadership.” LaSalle Extension University, Dept. 2493-L, Chicago 152 BUY EVER OFFERED- ALL WITH LIFE MEMBERSHIP—DIPLOMA SCHMIDT'S original $15.00 Complete Professional Tralni dermy. NOW only $1.00 postpaid. This marvelous Home Course hag easily and quickly taught thousands to mount birds, animals, fish; make novelties, tan hides ... among the 218 subjects. All comes at once—start mounting first day—anyone can do, Send only $1.00 with order or pay postman $1.00 PLU: postage. Guaranteed. SCHMIDT SCHOOL OF TAXIDERM Dept. J-1-2, Memphis, Tenn. ART LESSONS o 95 . . f Become Talented Artist with Big Income POST This thorough course by Alexander Murray, famous Art School Instructor, makes It easy learn art in spare time, Teaches commercial art, cartooning, lettering, anatomy, perspece tive, adv. layout, ete. without bother or exe f pense of corresponding. You get all 60 lessons at once—no waliting for next lesson. Over 81 instruction illustratlons. 125 pares of drawin, Paper FREE if you order from this ad. Sen only $1.95 for Complete Course postpaid—or pay postman Plus postage U. 5. A. only), MONEY BACK If not delighted after Inspecting, DUCATIONAL SUPPLY Co. Dept. A113-B Racine, Wi WHIZ Electric Tool Doss. a real professional 10b of ONLY iling, rinding, olishin ng, Sanding, Buffing and $5.95 I. Postpaid Powerful—Speedy~Dependable Speeds up hundreds of Jobs for shop and home. Needed by every homecraftsman, mechanic and carpenter. Full size chuck, aN capacity. Triple geared to extra powers ful motor, elf-enclosed fan prevents over-heating. Ball-bearing thrust. Pistol grip with thumb swith, Universal motor for A. D. C. Money back guarantee. a set of drills plus your cholce of ~ Grit each WHIZ tool ordered now, eac! ool ordered now, Complete outfit only $5.95 postpaid. PARAMOUNT PRODUCTS CO., Dept. 3-B, 245 Broadway, New York, N. Y. RADIO ENGINEERING RCA Institutes offer an intensive course of high standard embracing all phases of Radio. Practi- cal training with modern equipment at New York and Chicago schools. Also specialized =" courses and Home Study Courses under “No obligation” plan. Catalogue Dept. MM-37. RCA INSTITUTES, Inc. 75 Varick St, New York. 1154 Merchandise Mart, Chicago Recognized Standard in Radio Instruction Since 1909, in Taxl- PAIO COURSE COMPLETE C. and MAKE GLAZED CONCRETE PRODUCTS S Pottery, tiles, novelties. Wall glazing, waterproofing. Make jars, vases, birdbaths out of sand and cement without molds or costly tools and glaze them like tlayware. We show you how. Earn money in your own business. Send 10e for booklet, color plate, details, " NATIONAL POTTERIES COMPANY 13 West 26th St. Room 26, Minneapolis, Minn. * BUILDERS * BUYERS * OWNERS gms Beds, Cabinets, etc, All about Electric Ligh an Water Systems, loor Plans, etc. Pages full oi valuable information, ideas, Suegestions that save time and money for waller builders. buyers and users. Catalog of parts uipment includes everything you _ want—Axles, itches, Pumps, Stoves, Lights, Windows, Sinks, Toilets, ‘Mattresses Zover 200 items exclusively yor vullding and equlpping a trailer, Rush 25¢ (coln) today—satls- action positively guaranteed. 0., Box 434-0 Wausau, Wis. SEND 25c TODAY for this big 6Ô-page book that tells how to build and at HOME Easy method. Prepare quickly in spare time. f No previous experience mecessary, common school education sufficient. Splendid opportunities. Many earn bile peamine, Fend for free Bookiee “Opportu: es In ern otography'', particulars and requirements. ? AMERICAN SCHOOL OF. PHOTOGRAPHY | N 3601 Michigan Avenue Dept. 2052 Chicago, IHinols Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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Collectors Vie for Banks [Continued from page 135] head moves up and down; the child kicks its feet, and the coin drops from the spoon into the child’s mouth. Mr. Hallett’s prize bank is a chanticleer in Italian Delft ware, claimed to be over two hun- dred years old. Another Delft ware bank is a Dutch shoe. Mr. Hallett has accumulated enough buildings for a whole village complete with church, armory, jail, bank building, houses, barn and garage, trolley cars and horse cars, a lo- comotive, a town clock, and the town loafer— a ragamuffin darky sitting on a bale of cotton. It can be readily understood how many of the mechanical banks might have fascinated children into depositing coins just to see them work. In a small Bunker Hill monument a coin is inserted at the top and runs down a winding sluice into the coin receptacle at the base. “Prof. Pugfrog’s Great Bicycle Feat” consist of placing a coin back of the wheel, then pressing a lever, whereupon the wheel revolves and tosses the coin into the receptacle at the front. “William Tell” shoots the coin, which is placed on the gun, at the apple on the boy’s head. An unusual bank, the only one of its kind, so far as collectors can find out, is the “Kick-Inn,” in the shape of an inn in front of which is a mule which kicks the coin into the house. . The “Kicking Cow” is both a bank and a me- chanical toy. At the pressure of a spring, the cow becomes fractious, kicks out a leg and knocks over the boy who is doing the milking. Of course, Uncle Sam appears in various types of banks. In one, the tall figure in high hat and striped trousers wags his goatee as he drops the coin placed in his hand into a carpet bag. While collectors of these banks have not yet | gained the point where they grade this new form of Americana as “first-,” “second-period” Amer- ican, ete, many banks by the material of which they are made, or by costumes or some hint of an historical event, indicate their own periods. Besides many small collectors, there are about twelve outstanding collections of juvenile banks in the United States. This collecting hobby seems to be particularly strong in the New Eng- land States, but people all over the country are becoming interested. A prominent Pacific Coast collector is F. W. Wieder, of Berkeley, California. Prices of coin banks depend upon rarity and upon the desire of individuals to possess the banks. Some mechanical banks listed in the old manufacturers’ quotations to sell to the trade at $5 to $10 per dozen, today are sometimes quoted as high as $25 to $35 apiece. Prices may have the very wide range of from $1 to several hundred. One big collector recently received a letter from a woman offering a very good bank for $20. He wired her to send it C. O. D. and in reply re- ceived a letter saying she had had many good offers, and was jacking up her price. In the end the collector paid her $75 for it. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 830 Pages —8%"x6", Bound in Mulberry Buckram. 16 Full Pages of Modern Maps in Color. Get the Essentials of a High School Education in This One Amazing Book for Only 98 This single easy-to-read volume— payments HIGH SCHOOL SELF TAUGHT . , —will give you the equivalent of four years High School in just a few minutes a day of fascinating reading! Here is the easiest, most effective, practical way to make up for missed schooling. For your own success—in business, in friendships, in making the most of your own ability—this is the most IMPORTANT book you will ever read! The Quickest, Surest, EASIEST Way to Acquire a Cultured Education! Think of getting in one remarkable volume everything you need in History, Literature, Art, Science, Government, Mathematics, English—even French and Spanish! Here is the knowledge-background that can win YOU the leadership and ad- These 20 High School | miration that brings SUCCESS. Subjects Made EASY Each section is complete. A marvel of concen. trated education! HISTORY Ancient, Medieval, Mod- ern, and U. 5. History to date. c State, s City, National Cove Ss NGLIS NGLISH Make words your ser- vants and get ahead! LITERATURE and ART Know great Novels, Poems, Paintings, Sculp- ture, Music. ENC E. i sycholo; Che m ls i Algebra, Geometry now simplified. FOREIGN LANGUAGES Simplified French, Span- ish, give you language o" p! Te SELF-TESTING STUDY Outline, Reading Guide Over 1,000 self-testing questions, with 1,000 correct answers, check t Dept. 52, 366 4th A cents postag Bee BeBe eee ey, case we will pay the your progress! dam ee a m m m a a HOME-EDUCATION BUREAU, sS , New York, N. Y Please send “High School Self-Tau it, In plain wrapper, I will depo e. will examine it for five days. am pletely satished, I will return it and you will refund my $1.98. Clty. ----------------- O Check here If enclosing $1.98 WITH i postage—you save. i privilege applies, of course. Written simply, concisely, to save you time, this fascinating volume puts the POWER of a better edu- cation squarely in your hands! Each branch of knowledge is pre- sented in a clear, unforgettable story that will hold you spellbound, But you must see GH SCHOOL SELF TAUGHT to appreciate it. Grasp this special opportunity! SEND NO MONEY We guarantee that the essence of a High School education can be yours in this single amazing vol- ume. Send no money with the coupon below. When postman delivers book, pay only $1.98 plus postage. If not convinced immedi- ately—return book within 5 days, we refund your money at once. Mail coupon, without money. NOW. HOME-EDUCATION BUREAU, Dept. 52, 386 Fourth Ave., New York, N. Y. rht.* When postman delivers leposit with him only $1.08 plus few If I not com. this coupon, in which Same return and refund f 153

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eZ Pocket Radio Operates Without Tubes, Batteries or Ss P Electric Connections Amazing midget radio fits in pocket or purse. NEW MODEL weighs only 2 ozs. as shown in ACTUAL photo! Smaller than a cigarette packe age! Separates and receives all stations with beautiful clear tone. Range to 50 miles—-MUCH GREATER under good condl- tions—no static or noise! Nothe Ing to wear out—only one moving part—will last for years. NO CRYSTALS to adjust. Has NEW 5 TYPE sensitive rectifier and hl-efi- clency design—ENTIRELY NEW!! Not to be confused with cheap imie tations. Tunes broadcast band and POLICE and AIRPLANE CALLS! NOT A TOY, but an unusual practical radio—a sensation cverywhere—a delight to anyone everyway. Comes in several beautiful colors (state yours). ABSOLUTELY COMPLETE ready to listen with midget phone and instructions to use In hotels, offices, autos, trains, camps, at home, in_bed, on bicycles, at sea or wherever you may be. TAKES ONLY SECOND TO CONNECT—no messy hookups. THOUSANDS OF SATIS- FIED OWNERS—many report wonderful service In ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD! THESE ARE FACTS! Carry one with you always and be assured of many how's of enter. tainment AT NO COST! Can be used by ANYONE—even a child! Send only 51,00--pay, postman balance or send $2.99 (M. O., Cash, Check). WE PAY POSTAGE. GUARAN- TEED, A most unusual value. Foreign orders 75c extra. TINYTONE RADIO CO., M-2, Kearney, Nebr. ara Ambitious, alr-minded young men, interested in entering the well paid ficld of Aviation, write immediately, enclosing stamp, to MECHANIX UNIVERSAL AVIATION SERVICE Seanpl fied vote ARC WELDING New low prices on modern 40 Volt “Simpli- fied’ Arc Welders make this big pay busi- hess available to_shops that never before could afford it. It opens the doors to the bigger profit jobs. The new Hobart is easier to operate, much faster. This is today’s opportunity. Don't miss it. Build Your Own Portable Welder with Hobart Gener- ator unit and auto engine or chassis, Lets you operate any place, espe- clally on the profitable outside jobs. Easily saves you $300 te $500. Portable Electric New low cost on small sizes as well as large. The most profitable are welder your shop can own. Welds faster, better, easier, saves current. Easy to Operate Hobart Welders have ‘‘Simplified’’ operation. This means faster welding with the right current for every job, Hobart Is simplified, so any of your men can weld easily and sureces uly: The mystery and uncertainty of ob- taining correct welding current sete lings are removed. 60% Extra Capaci ty Over ola pile an Voit p Welders— Incorporated ecessary for welding w e new ò i coated rods. Automatic reactance lets Strathmoor Station Dept. A Detrolt, Michigan you handle light welding work with- out losing the arc. Users don’t under- stand how they got along with the old style welders after using this new Hobart. Remote Control at no extra cost with Hobart. Think of being able to control your welder from any working point. Saves time, temper, and eliminates the need for a helper on overhead or concealed work, **Pays-For-Itself’’? Terms Extra earnings and savings make it easy for you to own a Hobart without expense to you. You can even rent a new Hobart—and later purchase it without loss of rent. Check Rental Purchase Plan. at Our Risk GET THIS VALUABLE t ; MANUAL o Prove it Pays Sent Free if you will tell us the weld- N lail Comes ing you plan doing, fo Geter ee ee we et ee YING ee. HOBART BROS., Box $M-27, Troy, Ohio poll ane) more abou Develop your ability with personal in- © Bone Wadan o Compete e Gas, En- PAYS struction from an internationatly-Known ear- € ) Electric Drive $] So Days’ Trial— toonist. His exclusive, successful method of (d Renee Plan Privilege of Looc hase ms drawing and creating ideas makes it easy to } Send FREE Manual Sr Welding. ‘Attached letter attain success. Write for details of this excep- Is about the work we want to do. tional home-study course. Name .. NATIONAL SCHOOL OF CARTOONING, 437-D Penton Bullding, Cleveland, Ohlo optie R Address _ i yes interested O 30 DAYS’ TRIAL D EASY TERMS ONE OF THE WORLD'S LARGEST HOBART BUILDERS OF ARC WELDERS MAKE MONEY IN YOUR WORKSHOP The new 1937 edition of the Modern Mechanix . TEA AND COFFEE ROUTES PAYING UP TO $60.00 IN A WEEK National company needs more men at once to make regular calls on local routes. No experience needed. Complete outfit Bent on trial without money risk. I'll ive you brand new Ford car as bonus. hush name on post card for FREE Facts. LBERT MILLS 3770 Monmouth, Cincinnati, Ohio AND MAKE UP TO $7 DAILY Easy plan gives you chance to get FREE All Wool Tall- Blueprint Catalog describes 125 projects that can be gred-To-Measure | Suit right, aay! nee tots Show 1 wW u) on e a constructed in the home workshop and sold at a good orders, Make up to $I every suit including Free Suit profit. Send a 3c stamp today for your copy of this and Cash Bonus. Every suit Hand Cut—strictly Custom valuable book to Tailored —100% Au Moor e day Ae Livery. Satisfaction aranteed or mone: ack. o lim o number of e MODERN MECHANIX PUBL. CO., Suits given _you. Fine Traveling Case and large size GREENWICH, CONN. sees Tos, Ghibagoe NG CO., 325 $., Market AUTOPOWER tells yor how in plain, easy, simple, and illustrated Instructions that anyone can follow. Change auto generators into useful, practical A C and D C generators and motors with voltage from 2 to 1,000 volts, for power, light, welding, radio, sound, ete. No previous experlence nor special tools needed. Generators can be driven by wind, water, fan belt, ete, Already used and endorsed by thousands. Send today for your copy, and also recelve FREE a copy of PRACTICAL ELECTRIX, the new publication for the man who wants ta KNOW, BUILD. REPAIR and READ about electrical apparatus and machinery. Book and magazine -postpald only $1.00. AUTOPOWER, INC., Dept. J, 412 S. Hoyne Ave. Chicago, LIMITED FREE COPY OF PRACTICAL ELECTRIX WITH OFFER | EACH ORDER FOR THE AUTOPOWER BOOK. 154 Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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Romance Of The Tin Can [Continued from page 132] canned foods, and increased their production so much as to inevitably shoot can manufacture up into volume. About 5,000,000 cans were made at the beginning of the war. had increased six fold. And it was at this stage that several inventions of importance in canned foods processing acted to increase the volume of tin cans, even to a greater degree than did refinements in the art of can making itself, which were indeed negligible. - Canners were still processing (cooking) by boiling the cans for long periods. A Baltimore canner named Isaac Solomon applied an English dis- covery to the process. He added calcium chloride to the boiling water. Its temperature was in- creased to 240 degrees plus. Overnight, the time necessary for sterilization was reduced from five or six hours down to half an hour. The canner whose kettle capacity would produce 1,000 cans was able to turn out 10,000. This occurred on the threshold of the Civil War, in 1861. That great disturbance gave many people their first taste of canned foods. Soldiers ate them in their bivouacs; sailors on their gunboats; the wounded in hospitals. Canning was no longer confined to the seaboard—to centers around Bal- timore and in New England. Canneries sprang up inland—at Cincinnati and Indianapolis. Borden found a market for his canned condensed milk, after having failed for 10 years to put it over. Improvements and inventions in the field of canning machinery also played their part in this expansion. It wasn’t due alone to processing re- finements and the sole outstanding can-making improvement of the time, namely, the invention of capping seals and a furnace with which a young boy could seal twice as many cans as could the master tinsmith with the old style of soldering iron. This inventor was another Maryland can- ner, Louis McMurray. He also was the first big corn canner, and a new product leaped into the market, one that was destined to become one of the “big three” packs of canning. Last year, corn canners alone used about 264,000,000 cans. Peas had to be shelled and picked by hand. E. P. Scott and C. P. and J. A. Chisholm perfected a machine that would shell peas from the pod as fast as 1,000 hand workers. Then Scott went a step further and produced the pea viner which, by using a paddle principle, knocked the peas out of pods and sifted them. Nearly 600,000,000 cans were needed last year to hold all the peas packed in America. Someone discovered and broadcast the fact that tomatoes, or Love Apples as they were called then, were not poisonous. Nearly 648,000,000 cans of tomatoes were put up last year, with another 192,000,000 odd cans of tomato juice on top of that. A machine was perfected that automatically peeled and cored pineapples. Again, volume pro- duction of tin cans soared. Improvements in [Continued on page 166] By 1870, the output This MACHINISTS’ Home-Study Course helps men get Newly assembled—specially priced—these five recent books give you ihe practical facts on modern machines, up-to-date methods you need to advance in machine shop work. Take advantage of the other man’s experience as found in books, to solve your problems, increase your efficiency, with the new Library of Modern Machine Shop Practice 5 volumes—2000 pages—1600 illustrations (A combined home-study course and reference library) This library of machine shop practice was written for practical men. it gives you the best methods for every kind of machine shop work. It deals fully with lathes, drills, and other machine tools and their operation, automatic screw machines, speeds and feeds, gear design and production, punch and die work, metal finishing, etc., ete. Plainly written—completely illustrated—the best kind of help to the machine-shop man who wants to advance himself, No money down—special price—easy payments Il; oee connote | IREE EXAMINATION COUPON ] McGRAW-HILL BOOK CO., Inc., 330 W. 42nd St, NEW YORK, N. Y. | l Send me for 10 days’ free examination the Library of MODERN J MACHINE SHOP PRACTICE. if satisfactory I will send $1.50 In I 10 days and $3 monthly until the special price of $16.50 Is paid, l If not wanted, I will’ return the books postpaid. (To Insure J prompt shipment write plalnly and fill in all lines.) ] J Nang. E E E E sae E DE cases - l J ACOTESS: Sii e a ee ee eee eee l J City and State___ P | Position | Eomniti .222-c22-s--os5eeeessseseesecceesece ns MMXx-2-37 ST em À I ) IN IAI on approval, Just mail the coupon and we'll send you a set of these remarkable auto books, just off the press. Whether you are a mechanic or helper, ex- pert or apprentice, auto owner or driver, if you're interested in knowing all about automobile mechanics, then take adyan- tage of this FREE OFFER. Nearly 100 pages on DIESEL Engines A better job—in the giganlic auto industry. BIGGER PAY—a chance to go into busi- ness for yourself and get a share of the huge profits are waiting for any man who even half tries to improve himself, Learn auto engineering with these wonder books a new way—wWithout studying or memoriz- t TIN how to put * Å E * Sour Anger instantly om ing. Simply use the JIFFY INDEX to engine trouble and then look up the answer to any auto problem. FIX Ab. Newest improve: Built by eleven of America’s greatest auto- ments fully covered, mobile engineers, and wrilten in simple Equal to a complete janguage so you can understand it. Very a fourth the cost. newest cars, all covered. & Big Volumes FREEI_ Send NOW and we will In- clude Free an extra loose leaf vol- ume No. 7 with new cars and dia- Brand New Edition grams and also that famous book 2500 pages, 2000 illus- ` trations, wiring dia- “Automobile Service Shop Manage- ment.” it AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY Eoldsstamped flexible Drexel Avenue & 58th SI., Dept. A2320, Chicago, Ill. Drexel Ave. & SEa St. Dept, A2920, Chicago, I1 rexe! ve. 380 oe ept. s hica; . I would like to see the new -volume edition of your AUTO BOOKS. I wlll pay the few cents delivery charges only, but if I choose to, I may return them express collect. If after 10 days’ use I prefer to keep ihem, I will send you $2 and pay the balance at the rate of only $3 a month, until $24.80 is paid, Please include extra Volume No. 7 and book ‘Service Shop Management” as per your offer above. Name Address [Sy | A een eee ene S Attach letter stating age, occupation and name and address of employer and that of at least one business man as reference. CAN YOU FIX IT? These wonder books tell step by step HOW to take out ‘‘play’’ in dif- ferential—_to kill the shimmy in steering—to rams, ete., including farine Engines, Aviation Motors, Diesel Engines, ete. De Luxe edition, When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 155

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BLANK CARTRIDGE PISTOL REVOLVER STYLE ap ‘TALK=SING = PLAY _ihru your own radio BROADCAST your vor Ing through your radioa: om any part oth cache: dash pa mratit Fr iy Wor tisched In a JOA ‘Not a pre- borglar Blank Cartridges obtain: Great protection e t Pae PRICE "25e POSTPAID Johnson Smith & Co. Dept. 368 , Detroit, Mich, RADIO MIKE S Largo, substanti Swell for practi: ing, amateur pros he valce portec ia toud e without distortion. ble model that can be held uaranteed to work on any

dium fridges’ foc par praen, by Express on D? iminator SOc each: CRYSTAL RADIO 25 Thiele e radio Jo tacit. as It ts posable et reception with Ii alone within 25 “silts DIa tation (or op to 100. mies under geod conditions), Pils ga need, i'as aerial

A fol hgh secant Bh att tA <i Boh eles ponerte p ERS i Gn maleri Sina Shot ed le repeating alingsho! ace fee tose ne piane for eccurac: ON ANY RADIO? Just attach the | powerful snd hi Marval police Ade | go througt a 1.4 page than au etructed mip guede teathor sh lively cord et, apter on bringa In amateur t wave and Cari Se on your next hike. ‘hing the repenti: shinwshet, oniy ASe Dotipaid. Yube of 200 Copper- fas bay a NG i calla ater Oniy 18 raig CHAMELEON 25c ints, ibe to Riese sot noid gear WATCH IT CHANGE COLOR! Get one of these most wonderfol af all creatures. Watch It change colur. Study les habita Wear one os ou Se "at o a nont and teaedy, „Book of plans, blue-prints, New Vest Pocket Adding Machine Ste ldi Alart building e Tepe! of your coat as ‘can 1. Shippe Guaranteoxafoarti

asy to oporate, ys fo punch, no lever to pull. Guerant “Total a visible, fe fells pact iD a Errant ia est puchet and canbe ca. without iuconcentence, Se" Sad in. PRICE POSTPAID last j e ehild can porfarm them, Pro- tustrated. Ei than fashioned bear blower. Snocts O! hi lied t b- NOUS PAINT, when applied to an ot fashione rae Emalea emits rays of hlte limt, rendering it M. The h leinti zhi: shine Sin le tou use-y Ou poly, some to the dial of your sa you can tell time nt. Pa uttena, hes, anything., h i Sman bottle Ee S WONDERFUL X-RAY 10c GALAT CURIOSITY? With i yoo can apparently seo the bones lo the finuera, Jead In a pencil; aven tha flesh pant trans iA om papdy Cor v epre with bait tor iel Only Be. con p. catalog foe, Pistol Çigarette Case It fooks like a deadty weap- on bat it I3 merely a novel Cid; relie Cane. Berti the real an awiward 1 ‘sticking up They equirm an d protest. Pull et and the slide losing cigarettes, price RESS ALL Q! PEEDY $ HOUR SERVICE ON ALL ORDERS. SEND tOc FOR OUR BIG CATALOG WITH ALMOST 600 PACES OF BOOKS, NOVELTIES, TRICKS, USEFUL ARTICLES, BOYS! BOYS! BOYS! THROW YOUR bial strument, fts PRAN the mouth oat ofsigh nsed write om yent Aper inodates A Deet ‘ot’ letter pd Op B 2-2 inche: any lengtl and attractive writing. You soon f with Ihe arrangement of the keys fo short tima you, naturally acquire epeed, Standard e le, Pears Sauge siee teel, necra in lus "colored enamel. Size fiw 71-2 w11 rae Price $2.30. ki Tar DANCE A077 the easy

i: fanko ee A + ene yoo. for Ri taj dancing to my accomplishments. su Es = PRICE 73 CENTS POSTPAID. 2 DANCING E y ke eaa STEPS, Bo Sed dance: eR ‘welcor em eagerly. The newente t Sieps without It you want Le beco, feci dancer, learn to dance spg me low to de velop op pel and cestrol, Im: Stans, art of balding: how t lo music, how to lead, la ot steps. Natural and Keven e the R antinen tal dance, the Manhattan, Rhumba. the Caria. Che nd meny others. Ari OF Price 28 Cente Postpaid. STEAM ENGINE 25c World's biggestvalve bada g E tora. steal pig steam engine, 7 Incl 1-2 ioci diameter, Wate!

un to gee the f het epin a: pi op. at ates the engine Te Dlezing along speed) Rons for hours on one filling willdrive many s: toya of thefiy: Foolproof, run. fony in thorns hed in: y” thad ‘Soller. Gd model whlebrane on il face RING Teer separate erticles joa an1 eating. L LE ot Saar able. Big ul, Doable Micro- ini tho w: e piera; erooscape, Burning Lene. scope, Compass, Pock rron zoc: pe for examining eye, car, note and o cont ta tocate one p ful cinder Folds fat end fits the eth jou need one. Tn t tian it, ynin 35 ppd. ‘MAGIC FLUTE nted masical Inatrument, Won- othing Whe it, Yoo can te a ren) musician nnd i play all Popular nonse, old spered hymna, dence masie: alofa for piano accompaniment, There la no Angering, and iar tS have mas. lnot mu- „Suro to Oc, at tor 25c ppd, 2. RS FOR aooos ON THIS P: JOHNSON SMITH $ Co. fun Lor for our NLW CATALOG, ar 25e for Mie DELUXE LOITION with or Wigner and beller than ever nrsre thought eustea 600 pages of unusual Books Accept No Substitutes! ic irich, Iatest aove coeds. DETROIT, MICHIGAN nent cloth Meas things Ihat you sty barw whiere tog a seedy New lems » differed you abeays wanled-bul ioke guns porres. Kem en,

hata bargain Real, genuine epee remarkable scope and cla gwel, tudy, ng, sporta and m million aiher things; Complete tha ge be: ELECTRITE "PENCIL Electrite Penell writen fo gold, er, red, yellow, purple, green. Ín gold’ or eny wallet,

re study, sports, Tool Converted jou can aeo snn Rpot E- Yong. Nicheled drawer: | THRIET VAULT

fal with ved acd baa Z rimmen. Fii ban, miss BANK ate stpald, with complais tral, hup arger. Packed in i box, Price Pastoald f directions for openi 91.25 Did you ever Ivone or forget your Wer Probably many times. Don’ more ebeot last keys (or thar matter), An these master moat ‘any ordi dif. tor various typa of locks. thelr coat If voa only. usa them t you'll probably find out always urler p.. betta Ce etol five skeleton keya on handy tha 1 Jast a few of ther PL cert pibie Ink, Lect back cope, Mawes Top. Pi iaaea, Goid Tooth, aan Secret cenae, ‘A wreat ile, Ms | ae la frien lard CES joan, etr ne. G MOTTO RINGS Lots of i Lota of harmless fon and amase- Always Insist on the Advertised Brand?!

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Chee Poote! MAIL COUPON NOW 1 VON SCHRADER MFG. CO. 1 202 Pl., Racine, Wis. H i! Send at once (no obligation) your free booklet illustrating 3 { rug-washer and telling how I can own my own permanent f i menoa how F can veccine fiafeuiy indchosdent n'a Sioi 3 e financially independent sho J g time; and how I can pay on easy terms, p tia -a Would you, too, like to ‘Never a Complaint” own a business where you could take in $200 C. J. White says: ‘$100 business in six days— our firs i i $ never a complaint.” That is the nicest M t week as did L. A. Eagles in Madison, this business—every customer is eine Wisconsin? satisfied Stains and blotches disappear and We want a reputable, honest man m each vivid colorings and freshness in faded floor cove county. This man need not have any special F388 come back, experience or more than ordinary ability, but he EVERY MACHINE must be honest and courteous. GUARANTEED Such a man we will start in business for himself. You You take no risk. These machines have been can, make far above average profits in the rug-cleanin manufactured since 1918 and business—a high-grade business all your own. Many earn United States Government and eee ea $125 to $200 per week—some considerably more, other leading hotels. They are fully GUARAN- NO SHOP NECESSARY EASY TERMS The rug-washer finishes rugs like new on the customer’s floor. Anyone can run it. Electricity does the work. A onanie Goer seer nt 1s 1crpensive Are guick, thorough and highly-efficient method that restores erything to you and the balance the natural beauty of floor coverings. is paid monthly. From the start, =) There are hundreds of customers—in your vicinity and JU beve your own business — nearby towns. The business grows steadily. Simply clean hich a prontable and of a few rugs or carpets. These customers tell others and also © proud. give you their future work. Soon you will haye a prosperous year-around business. Send coupon for booklet explaining everything. “Profits Pay for Home” Harry Hill built and paid for a heme from rug-washer profits, His first day’s business was $86. A. L, Miller says, ‘Have had xug-washer 6 years—have earned as high as $92 a day.” M. O. Malmin earned 3 times the cost of his machine the first two months. Another letter says, “Made $70 in 13 hours.” You, too, can enjoy a large income. VON SCHRADER MFG. CO., 202 PL., RACINE, WIS. = BUILD YOUR OWN AUTO TRAILER—IT’S EASY “How To Build Trailers”, a new 130-page manual printed entirely in rotogravure, contains complete plans for building six cabin trailers, trailer fittings, radio and lighting plant. Anyone without the use of special tools can easily build his own trailer at a fraction of the usual cost. “How To Build Trailers” also contains scores of trailer kinks, short-cuts and suggestions. Send 50c today for your copy of this valuable book. SELL UP TO $5 PER DOZEN! A New Industry! Millions used yearly! Good Market. Prices steady. Pleasant, FREE outdoor work. Easy to ship to any part of the eouniry. Nation-wide market at your command. A SMALL POND is all you need for five pairs of “Nufond Giant” breeders. Expand with the = increase. WE BUY! As originators of Canned f Frog Legs, we are developing one of the world’s largest frog markets. In addition to other markets, frog raisers can also ship to us, MEN AND WOMEN! Investigate this interesting, new J work. See for yourself what others are already doing. Send for our illustrated, FREE book explaining our offer ing detail. Write AMERICAN FROG CANNING CO. 119-BB Now Orleans, La. SUFOND GIANTS WEIGH UP TO 3 LBS. EACH When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 157

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A. C. GENERATORS PRACTICAL changes for automobile generators, See our advertisement at bottom of page 154. Autopower, Inc. ADVERTISING AGENCIES LEARN advertising quickly at home. Easy practical plan. No text books. Common school education sufficient. Interesting booklet and requirements free. Page-Davis School of Adver- tising, 3601 Michigan Avenue, Dept. 2048, Chicago. ADVERTISE; Get mail-order business, agents. Free assistance. Free Ad- Guide of newspaper, magazine, circula- tions, rates, mailing-lists. Chicage Ad- vertising Agency, 22 West Jackson, Chicago. ADVERTISE: 24 words in 250 news- papers $10. Lists Free. Advertising Service Bureau, 4258-B Drexel, Chi- cago. 33 WORDS, 25 Magazines, 3 months $2.00; inch $6.00. Goodall, 742 Mar- ket, San Francisco. FREE NEW advertisers rate guide. Brown Advertising Agency, 140 South Dearborn, Chicago. AGENTS WANTED BIG MONEY and Fast Sales. Every owner buys Gold Initials for his auto. You charge $1.50; make $1.45. Ten orders daily easy. Write for particu- lars and free sample. American Mono- gram Company, Dept. 11, Dunellen, New Jersey. AGENTS: Smash go prices. Santos Coffee 12e lb. 4-02. Vanilla 814c. Razor Blades 10 for 8%c. 100 Sticks Chew- ing Gum 12c. 150 other bargains. Premiums. Experience unnecessary. Carnation Co., MN., St. Louis, Mo. START Bargain Business. Large profits. Bankrupt and auction sale merchandise. New and used clothing. Experience unnecessary. Everything supplied. Publix, Roosevelt and Jef- ferson, Dept. LR, Chicago. PLL GIVE YOU groceries at whole- sale besides splendid opportunity to make up to_$45.00 in a week. Brand new Ford Sedan given as bonus. De- tails free. Albert Mills, 2234 Mon- mouth, Cincinnati, Ohio. $6.00 HOURLY. Amazing Karnu Re- finishes autos like new without rubbing, polishing, waxing or painting. Wipes on with cloth. Lasts 8 to 12 months, Free Sample, Karnu, Det: L-84, Cin- cinnati. Ohio. 1000 BARGAINS, Drygoods, Notions, Drug Sundries, Specialties, Novelties. Agents undersell stores. Free catalog. Jobbers, Dept. 1498-A, 930 W. Roose- velt, Chicago. BIG Money Applying Gold Initials on Automobiles, Easiest thing today. No experience needed. Free samples. Bt ae 1084 Washington, Boston, ass. WHERE To Buy At Wholesale 500,- 000 articles. Free Directory and other valuable information. Maywood MM. Publishers, 925 Broadway, New York. 107 PLANS for making $20-$100 weekly in home or office business of your own. Descriptive booklet free. Elite Co., 214-G, Grand St., N. Y. 625,000 ARTICLES For Sale Cheap. Lists 10c. Duffy-Co., Covington, Ky. 158 Accept No Substitutes! Classified Advertisements Rate for classified ads, 18c per word (Include name, address and all numbers), per insertton. accompany order and be received in this office January 3rd for the March Issue (on sale January 29th). Modern Mechanix Hobbies & Inventions, (501 Broadway, GOLD Reflecting Letters windows. Easily applied. Large sizes, penny each, free samples! Atlas Sign Works, 7941-G Halsted. Chicago. 500% PROFIT! Gold Reflecting Let- ters for store windows. Large sizes lc, Free samples. Modernistic Sign, A-3004 Lincoln Ave., Chicago, GOOD Income Plating Auto Parts, Reflectors, Mirrors by late method. Free particulars and proofs. Gunmetal Co., Ave. A, Decatur, Ill. NO BOSS! Sure Cash! Silvering Mirrors, Autoparts, Reflectors, Combi- nation outfit. Write, Sprinkle, Plater, 850, Marion, Indiana. LIBERAL Commission, Small invest- ment. Employ sub-agents, selling staple household necessities. Mayflower Co., Cadott, Wis. AGENTS’ Gold Sign Letters for store windows, 500% profit. Free sample. Metallic Letter Co., 426 N. Clark, Chicago. PUNCHBOARD MEN—Put and Take Jars. Samples, details free. Tom Thumb, Dept. MM, Nauvoo, Ill. MEXICAN CURIOS. Free particulars, samples 10c stamps. Apartado 1176, Mexico City, Mexico. SELL Novelty fun cards, novelties, etc. Samples, list 10c. National, Box 500H, Cincinnati. AMERICAN POLICE JIU JITSU 13 KNOCKOUT Blows without use of fists, by internationally famous Jiu Jitsu instructor. Send 15 cents. Jor- gensen, 278 Maritime Building, Seattle, Washington. ANYTHING—WHERE TO BUY IT INFORMATION Where to Buy Any- for store thing! ! Correct Addresses of Reliable Manufacturers, Wholesalers. 25c (per item). King Buyers’ Service, 564 Delaware. Buffalo, N. Y. AUSTRALIAN OPALS OPALS. Lovely colours. Beautifully illustrated catalogue postfree. Norman Seward, Melbourne, Australia. AUTOMOBILES ECONOMY !—PERFORMANCE! —-MILEAGE!—Semi-diesel conversions for all gasoline motors; $12.00 up. Un- conditional written guarantee. Special complete units for Ford and Chevrolet. Leam basic facts; illustrated literature free. Des-A-Gas, 1719 Addison, Berkeley, California. SEMI-DIESEL ENTHUSIASTS! Are you haying trouble with your con- version? Try our “Controlled Heat” system. Amazing mileage increases. Plans only 50c postpaid. Crippen- Deming Lab., Norwood Rd., Jackson, Mich. NOWt Guaranteed, permanent and easy repair of cracked valve seats, cylin- der blocks, etc. Good as new. No welding. Only one dollar to learn this money making business. Chas. Thayer, Boone, Towa. AVIATION GET INTO AVIATION. Air trans- port pilots get up to $7,000 per year; mechanics, $2,500. Learn at this Gov- ernment approved school. Write for complete information. State age. Lin- coln Flying School, 4002 Aircraft Bldg., 1 Lincoln, Nebr. New York City. Cash must Address Classified Mgr., Minimum 10 words. ARMY AIR CORPS gives free flying training, salary, expenses paid. Infor- mation pamphlet, how to apply, 20c. Same information, Navy Aviation train- ing, 20c. Information on Marine Corps Aviation, 20c. All three, 40c. Conti- nental Sales, Box 344, Dept. 23, India- napolis, Ind. AEROPLANES, New Production, $98.00. Easy payments. Propellers for aeroplanes, boats, sleds, wind-driven generators, $2.50 up. Send 25c for more information. Hibbs, Fort Worth, Texas. YOUNG men interested in entering aviation under Apprentice Plan write immediately enclosing stamp. Mechanix Universal Aviation Service, Strathmore Station, Dept. C. Detroit, Mich. DON’T Buy Anything until you get Ort’s Aviation. Material Catalogue. Prices are lower. Send thin dime today. (Canada 20c). Karl Ort, 645 W. Pop- lar, York, Pa. AVIATION JOBS for inexperienced workers. Details for stamp. Airploy- ment Box 553, West Los Angeles, Cali- ornia. HUNDREDS Airplanes, crackups, terms, Complete catalogue, 25c, post- pid. Aircraft Directory, Athens, Yhio. ` AMBITIOUS young men interested in entering Aviation as Apprentices, see page 154. BIRD HOUSES BUILD Bird Houses. Make your Workshop pay. Literature free. Albert Publishing Company, 12, Barrington, Illinois. BLUEPRINTS METAL TUBE Midget Radio, the last word in compact radio receivers. You can construct this set even though your knowledge of radio is limited by follow- ing the large pictorial blueprints avail- able, from Modern Mechanix Publ. Co., Greenwich, Conn., at 50¢ postpaid. BUILD A HOME for less than $970. We furnish complete set of easy-to-fol- low plans, specifications, instructions. Send 25c for details. Dana Co., Box 1381, Indianapolis, Ind. STROBOSCOPE, easy to build. Blue prints, instructions 25c. _ Miller, Box 553, West Los Angeles, Calif. BOATS HOW TO BUILD 20 BOATS—The big new edition contains twenty differ- ent up-to-date plans for sailboats, ice- boats, rowboats, outboards, cruisers, and speedboats. The price for the book, 50 cents, makes each plan cost only 2% cents. Order your copy from Modern Mechanix Pub. Co., Fawcett Bldg.. Greenwich, Conn. BOOKS & PERIODICALS SPORTSMEN’S MANUAL—The out- doors man’s guide containing scores of practical articles by America’s leading outdoor writers, covering every phase of fishing, hunting, camping, and trap- ping. This book, edited by Robert Page Lincoln, will make that next vacation a dozen times more enjoyable. Price 50c at your newsstand, or order directly from Modern Mechanix Publishing Co., Fawcett Bldg., Greenwich, Conn. Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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BOOKS! BOOKS! BOOKS! Used books wanted. Ill pay cash or ex- change any new books you want for your old ones. Send 25c in silver for my Book Catalogue Today! Levi Bryant, 654 East 44th St., Chicago, Illinois. g FREE—Send for list of new technical books at sensational discounts. H. Winn, 124 West 23 St.. New York. BARGAINS—Used Books, _ Courses. List 3c. Courses bought. Swanson’s Co-operative, Albuquerque, N. M BURIED TREASURE TREASURE Seekers—Learn scientific methods. Wyss, 104% Francis, St. Joseph, Mo. BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES PLASTEX INDUSTRY needs manu- facturers on small scale and for big production of Religious Statuettes, Art Gods and Novelties in Plastex and marble imitation. Cheaply and easily made in our guaranteed rubber moulds. We cooperate in selling goods. You are just in time for big 1937 business now starting. Interesting booklet mailed FREE. Plastex Industries, 135 Washington Ave., Dept. R, New ork. LEARN MARBLEIZING: With our New porcelain finish composition. Bet- ter than marble. Applied over wood, concrete, anything. See our 85% liquid rubber. Sets solid quickly any thick- ness, Send dime for assorted samples both rubber and imitation porcelain. Cowell Institute, Grayling, Michigan. WE START you in business, furnish- ing outfits and instructions, operating “Specialty Candy Factory” home. Men and women, earn $25.00 up to $75.00 weekly, all or spare time. Booklet free. W. Hillyer Razsdele, Inc., Drawer 110, East Ovanre, N. J. MAKE artificial marble, glossy tiles, uncanny, Tabletops, plaques, floors, whetstones, novelties. Cement secrets, hard, fireproof, inexpensive. Brilliant tile and liquid rubber samples 3c. John H. Payn, 945 Grande Vista Avenue, Los Angeles, Calif. DUPLICATE OR SURPASS Nation- ally advertised products, less cost, larver profits using Guaranteed Certified For- mulas. Miller’s Messenger, Free, ex- plains all! Miller, Chemist, 1706, Tampa, Florida. IF YOU Have Some Spare Room, a basement or garage where you can do light work, see our offer to Branch Manufacturers on page 150. Metal Cast Products Co., 1696 Boston Road, New York City. EARN $15.00 UP WEEKLY! Clip- ping and preparing new items for pub- lishers. Experience unnecessary. Stamp brings information. Dept. 52, National press 3923 West Sixth, Los Angeles, alif. EARN EXTRA MONEY. Repair Heat Indicators for automobile dealers and garages. For particulars write Guaranteed Service, 20 South Utic Street, Waukegan, Illinois. : FREE circulars describing hundreds of money making opportunities selling by mail. Build your own business. Write now. Progress Publishing Co., Box 1936M, Milwaukee, Wis. OPERATE A Collection Business. Be a Credit-Collection Manager. Short course quickly teaches both. Fine in- come assured. Write Cole Associates, Syracuse, New York. When Answering MEN interested in revamping accor- dions. No experience necessary. Send enclosed 3 cent stamp for particulars. Accordion Specialties, 6713 Kazimier Ave. MEN-WOMEN: Make good money in Spare Time or Full Time. Excellent future. Write at once. Joseph Castell, 1663 Madison St., Brooklyn, N. Y. SUCCEED With Your Products. Make-Sell Them. Formulas. Processes. Accurate analyses. Catalog free. A. Thaxly Co.. Washington, D. C. FREE BOOKLET descrihes 107 plans for making $20-$100 weekly, home or office, business of your own. Elite Co., 214-G, Grand St., New York. INVENTION Finance Magazine, 80-H Wall Street, New York. Year sub- scription 60c entered upon promise to pay on receipt of first copy. BIG PROFITS selling powdered Hand Cleaners. Sell under your own name. Get our low bulk prices. Kleenslick Co., 1992 E. 5th, St. Paul. NO BOSS! Sure Cash! Silvering Mirrors, Autoparts, Reflectors. Combi- nation outfit. Write, Sprinkle, Plater, 845, Marion, Indiana. WHERE and how to obtain capital, any purpose, explained fully. Particu- lars free. Capital Service, 14, Jeffer- son City, Missouri. SWAP your old plans, formulas, books for new ones. Write Mail Exchange Bureau, Box 1131-M Univ. Sta., Des Moines, Iowa. AMATEUR Cartoonists may earn up to $55.00 weekly, copying cartoons foi Advertisers. M-Syndicate, Argyle, Wis consin. GET barrels of money-making mail. Your name in 10,000 Directories, 25c. Roservice, 4627 Glenshade, Cincinnati. SELL by Mail! Books, Novelties! Bar- gains! Big profits! Particulars Free! H. Elfco, 438 North Wells, Chicago. HANDY MEN—Earn money home op- erating Community “Fix-It” Shop. Write W. Stafford, Makanda, Ill. START MAIL BUSINESS. We show you how. Write. Service Mails, 9372 Pryor, Detroit, Mich. PROFITABLE MONEYMAKING! Small capital! No canvassing! Atkins, Melton, Lakeland, Florida. MAIL Business. Start small, Every- thing furnished. Free details. Metro- mails, M-2, Cincinnati. DOLLARS DAILY! Start Home Mailorder Business. Details. Duffy- Co., Covington, Ky. REAL CASH getting opportunities! Write! Sinclaire, Box 861, Hollywood, Calif. MAIL ORDER opportunities. Litera- ture. Silvester & Co., Old Bridge, N. J. CAMERAS AND PHOTO SUPPLIES MAKE MONEY in photography. Learn quickly at home. Spare or full time. Easy plan. Previous experience unnecessary. Common school education sufficient. Interesting booklet and re- quirements free. American School of Photography, 3601 Michigan Avenue, Dept. 2048, Chicago. INCOME From your camera instead of expense. Low cost home course teaches you to make photographs for magazines, newspapers, advertisers. Tremendous demand. Earn good money wherever you live. Free book. Universal Photog- raphers, Dept. A, 10 West 33rd St.. New York. Advertisements Please Mention February CAPITAL HOW and Where to obtain capital. Particulars free. Star Service, Wapa- koneta, Ohio. CARTOONING AMATEUR Cartoonists—Win $25.00. No drawing ability necessary to win. 26 prizes in all. Rush name on post- card for valuable tips on ‘‘How to Make Money With Simple Cartoons”, Cash Prize Entry Blank and Rules. Send no money. Cartoonists’ Exchange, Dept. C-352, Pleasant Hill, Ohio. CARTOONING, Sketching, | ete.—46 lessons, 600 illustrations, including practice sheets, pens, pencils. $1.00 Complete. Fraba Service, Dept. M-2, Cashton, Wisconsin. CHALK TALKS LAUGH Producing Program, $1.00. Balda Art Service, Dept. CHARTERS DELAWARE Charters: Complete in- corporating and organizing service $35. Submitted forms. Chas. G. Guyer, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware. CHEMISTRY SEND 25c for new illustrated chemical Experiment Book with over 300 formu- las and tests. Also receive 32 page illustrated catalog of apparatus, micro- scopes, telescopes and chemicals free. . Winn, 124 West 23 St., New York. DETECTIVES BECOME a Successful Earn Big Money—Travel. ‘Newspaper and Particulars Free. tional System, 425-D, Fremont, braska. DETECTIVES—Make Secret Inves- tigations. Experience unnecessary. De- tective particulars free. Write, George Wagner. 2640-V_ Broadway, N. Y. DISTRIBUTORS, SALESMEN. AGENTS , H Detective. Detective Na- Ne- motor gum and sticky carbon from valves and piston rings in thirty min- Every automobile and truck a prospect. Easy sales. Long profit. Write. Motolax, Manhattan, Kansas, DUPLICATORS INCREASE Business. ‘“Excellograph” Rotary Stencil, Clay, and Film Duplica- tors $3.85 to $37.50. Prints anything typewritten, penned, drawn, traced. Colors. Folder Free. Pittshurgh Type- writer Supply, Suite 519, Pittsburgh, Pa. EDUCATIONAL & INSTRUCTION MEN Wanted—Learn Too & Die Making. Automatic Screw Mach. Machinist Trade. Big Demand. “Actual Experience. Expert Supervision. Write for Free Book “M”. Allied Screw Machine Co., Inc., School Div., 603-9 MANY 1937 GOVERNMENT JOBS. Start $105-$175 month. Men-women. Prepare now for next examinations. Many Social Security Jobs. Full par- ticulars FREE. Write today sure. Franklin Institute, Dept. W63, Roches- ter, N. Y. LEARN WELDING. ing, qualified school. Stamp appreciated. Welders’ ; America, Box 3432-B, Merchandise Mart Station, Chicago. WORK for “Uncle Sam”. Start, $105- $175 month. Age 18—50. Want to qualify for next entrance test? Write, Instruction Service, Dept. 234, St. Louis, Mo. BE AS YOU WISH TO BE. Send stamp, stating age, occupation and come plete address. Edw. Johnston, 257 North Washington St., Tiffin, Obie. 15 Modern Mechanix =)

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FOREST Jobs available $125-$175 month. Cabin, hunt, trap, patrol. Qualify immediately. Write Rayson Service, B-32, Denver, Colo. ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES HUNDREDS of new and rare items, replacement parts and supplies. Send 10c for new, 60-page, wholesale cata- log. Autopower, 412-J S. Hoyne Ave- nue, Chicago. ALUMINUM castings made to order. Lowest prices. H, Moore, Sutton Rd., Millbury, Mass. ENGINES, MOTORS, ETC. WINDING Data, 225 motors, single and three phase. Price $1.00. Motor Data Service, Box 7631, Kansas City, oO. FOR INVENTORS INVENTORS: Sed immediately for your copies of our new Free books, “Patent Protection” and “Suggestions on Selling an Invention”. Sixty-cight pages of interesting facts. They tell how Patent Laws protect you; kind of sketch or model needed; simple steps to take without cost; how successful in- ventors have secured financial as- sistance; show interesting inventions; illustrate important mechanical move- ments. With books we also send Free Evidence of Invention form to help establish date of disclosure. Prompt service, reasonable fees, special de- ferred payment plan. Strictest secrecy, Thirty-six years’ experience. references. Write us today. facts in our books are worth money to the man with a_good invention. Ad- dress: Victor J. Evans & Co., Reg- istered Patent Attorneys, 921-B, Victor Building, Washington, C. INVENTORS—Small ideas ma large commercial possibilities. for FREE book, “Patent Guide for the Inventor” and “Record of Invention” form. Delays are dangerous in patent matters. Free information on how to proceed. Clarence A. O’Brien and Hyman Berman, 28-Z Adams Building, Washington, D. C. WE SUCCESSFULLY SELL inven- tions, patented and unpatented. Write for proof, and tell us what you have for sale. Chartered Institute of American Inventors, Dept. 5-B, Washington, D. C. FREE Information about new maga- zine for inventors who want more profit from their ideas. Write “Suc- cessful Inventions,” 801 Barrister Bldg.. Washington, D. C, INVENTORS—Sell your inventions before patenting. Free particulars Write W. T. Greene, 942 Barrister Building, Washington, D. C SMALL INVENTIONS wanted by manufacturers. invention. S. Hull, L-7829 Euclid Ave- nue, Cleveland, Ohio. GET Your Own Patents. Legal blanks, complete instructions $1. Sons, Campbell, California. FORMULAS MAKE OWN products, more profit. Latest guaranteed formulas, secrets, plans. free, D. Philarst, Jefferson City, Mis- souri. SUCCEED With Your Products. Make-Sell Them. Formulas. Processes. Accurate analyses, Catalog free. A. Thaxly Co.. Washington, D. C. 525 PRACTICAL Formulas Profitable Literature free. Adelt, Wisconsin. FORMULAS—Latest Money Makers. Literature free. D-Belfort, 4042 N. Keeler, Chicago. 160 T’ll help you sell your | Cudding | i Hypnotism, D-1313, Palatine, Illinois. trade | Catalog, special offers | 25c. ; Pelishek’s, Accept No Substitutes! Electric Welder Is One-hand Operated Designed for sweat-soldering pipes and other metal articles these welding pliers are single hand operated. A heavy duty transformer carrying a low voltage-high amperage current heats e electrodes. 9,000 FAMOUS Formulas $3.00, 3,000 $1. 00. 600—25c. Voxco, B- 933-X, Denver. FORMULAS—All kinds. Guaranteed, Catalog Free, Kemico, 67, Parkridge. Illinois. FORMULAS—Latest best sellers. List Persian Laboratories, Bay City, TESTED FORMULAS. Details Free. Kaplan, 13 South Eden, Baltimore. FROG RAISING “RAISE Giant Frogs!” We Buy! Start small pond. Frogs Sell up to $5 dozen. FREE book. American Frog Canning (142-B), New Orleans, Louisiana. HELP WANTED—INSTRUCTION BECOME Business Detective. $1.00 hourly, upwards—spare_ time. Experience unnecessary; we teach you. Details Free. Business Detective Sys- tem, 1009 Oak, Elmira, N. Y. HELP WANTED—MALE | ENJOY Good Weekly Pay while learn- ing landscape work. No money or ex- perience needed—we train you FREE. Work in home county full or part time. Qld reliable Company. Brown Brothers Nurseries, Dept. 166, Rochester, New ork. HYPNOTISM HYPNOTİZE Instantaneously! Learn how! Instructions 25c. Lonk Institute INSTRUCTION BE A RADIO EXPERT—Many Make $30, $50, $75 a week. Learn at home in spare time. Radio’s growth making many good full time and spare time jobs. Write for Free 64-page Book. National Radio Institute, Dept. 7BHA, Washington, D. C. INVENTIONS HAVE YOU a sound, practical inven- tion for sale, patented or unpatented. If so, write Chartered Institute of American Inventors, Dept. 5-A, Wash- ington, D. C INVENTIONS — Patented, Unpat- ented, Bought outright, royalty. Write Arellano-Power Company, Box 1827, Chicago. INVENTIONS WANTED INVENTORS—Small ideas may have large commercial possibilities. Write us for FREE book, “Patent Guide for the Inventor” and “Record of Invention” form. matters. proceed, Hyman Berman, 28-Z Adams Building Washington, D, C. INVENTIONS Commercialized. Pat- ented or unpatented. Write Adam Fisher Company, 582 Enright, St. Louis, Mo. MAGIC TRICKS & NOVELTIES BE A HANDCUFFS KING. Big Salaries paid. Eight astounding es- capes. Interesting, mystifying. Also five complete acts of mind reading. Full instructions 50c. James McNeil, Nor- wood, Ontario, Canada. LEARN MAGIC — Large Illustrated Catalog of tricks. Can Do. 25c. Holden, 222 West 42nd St., New York. FREE Five Magician’s Tricks—10s postage. Lindhorst Enterprise, 4418X Clarence, St. Louis. MALE HELP WANTED Up to $12 in a day Experience unnecessary. Val- uable demonstrating equipment, actual samples Free. H. J. Graves, Pres., 1300 Harrison, Dept. P-819, Chicago. MARRIED MAN to distribute Free Samples Coffee, Flavoring, Food Prod- ucts and make customers. Must be satisfied with up to $3.00 in an hour. Permanent. Blair, Dept. 623-E, Lynch- burg, Virginia, MALE INSTRUCTION DETECTIVES. Work home or travel. Experience unnecessary. Write, Ameri- can Detective Institute, 2640-T Broad- way, N. Y. MIDGET AUTOMOBILES BUILD a Midget Miller Racer. Com- plete plans for constructing this authen- tic midget automobile appear in the new 1936 edition of How-To-Build-It along with many other interestin, workshop plans. Send 50c page book to Modern Mechanix Publ. Co., Greenwich, Conn. MISCELLANEOUS SPORTSMEN! Here’s how to get the most out of your fishing, camping, and hunting trips. Follow the advice of America’s outstanding outdoor writers; men who know and who have brought the pages of the Sportsmen’s Manual, 146 pages of unusual outdoor photo- graphs, plans and suggestions. Printed, throughout, in rotogravure. Send 50c for your copy. Modern Mechanix Publ. Co., Greenwich, Conn. HAVE YOU an Australian agency? If not why not; Wonderful opportuni- ties for right lines. Communicate Dominion Agencies, Box 113B Brisbane, Australia, CHEMICAL Analyses. Clays, erals, Manufactured Products. Send Samples, Problems. Sancol Labora- tories, Box 1353, Huntington, W. Va. MECHANICAL/ELECTRICAL con- sulting service for the Home Mechanic and Inventor. Correspondence invited, Glen Cooper, Knoxville, Iowa. Min- Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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MEN! Want a list of shipping com- panies and firms operating America? 315 Linwood, Columbus, Ohio. BUILD 3% Octave Marimba phone. Beautiful tone, Melody Mallet Shop, Dept. Division St., Kellogg, Idaho. RECEIVE Gigantic Mails, magazines, Your name in 1,000 mailing Fairbanks Bureaumarket, 100 Forsyth, New York. SPECIAL OFFER! Handwoven sarapes from exico for only $1.00. Order today. Freeman’s, Nogales, Arizona, BUILD unique, comfortable bicycle— steering wheel, cushion seat—from_ old parts. Plans 25c. Ray Nix, Brecken. ridge, Texas. TRIANGLE Chart solves triangles by Two beautiful inspection. Faster than Trigonometry. ane coins); P. O. Box 764, Detroit, Lich. MODEL RAILROADING PR 2 Model Railroad in 00 gaugo (% inch between rails). A complete catalogue of‘ parts, construction kits, and completed units, One Dime, Nason Railways, P. » Mt. Vernon, N. Y., Dept. X2 MODEL railroad builders’ Loco kits, freight car kits. “O” gauge % inch scale. Send 10c stamps for catalog SM #2. A. J. Volk, Montclair, New Jersey. MODELS & MODEL SUPPLIES A PENCIL-LENGTH model locomo- tive, authentic in every detaill Table top railroading is no longer the model- makers dream. Anyone with the slight- est mechanical ability can construct this electrically operated locomotive and supplies. Send 50c for your copy, Modern Mechanix Publ. Co., Greenwich, Conn. INVENTORS— Small ideas may have . Write us proceed, Hyman Berman, 28Z Adams Building, Washington, D. C. YOUR Ideas developed into practical working model. 30 years successful experience; thousands satisfied custom- ers. Confidential service guaranteed. Bank references. Send 3c postage for 32 page book “Making Inventions Pay.” Crescent Tool Company, Dept. T. Cin- cinnati, Ohio. BUILD RADIO controlled model ship. Latest circuits and tubes. 2 detailed drawings, 9 photographs. $2.00 post- Felix La Vallee, Hugo, Min- Illustrated circular, Locomotive castings. Stamp required. EMCO, 2417 N. Ashland, Chicago. MOTION PICTURE & SOUND EQUIPMENT GET OUR Xmas Bargaingram chuck full of real buys in Candid movie cam- eras, films, projectors, screens, Silent- Sound 16MM film library. Brand new 8MM Movie Camera $9.95—Motor Pro- jector $12.50. Zeiss Icomat B with F 2.8 lens, case, new $109.00. Trades accepted, bought. Mogull’s, 1944-M Boston Road, N. Y. When Answering in_ South | Send $1.00 Reliable Service, | Streamlined Mike ls - New Studio Equipment; Offering a wide frequency response : curve this new plastic encased micro- phone features a streamlined design. Of the electro-dynamic type the micro- phone is well suited for experimental, recording and amateur purposes. MOVIEMATIC—The new movie cam- era, 16MM. Today’s greatest value. Only $5.95. ‘Three cameras in one— 1. Takes movies; 2, Takes snapshots; 3. Makes movie books. Films $1.00 in- cluding developing and printing. Un- conditionally guaranteed. Send _ only $1.00, balance COD. Barrington Sales, Barrington, N. J. ness, Home-study training: Manage- ment, Advertising, Projection. Free Catalog. Theatre Institute, 345 Wash- ington, Elmira, N. Y. MOTORCYCLES SEND 15c used Motorcycle catalog, Largest stock genuine Indian parts and motorcycles. Kansas City, Mo, and used parts for all makes. Complete service, Whitman Motorcycle & Supply | Kansas . Co., 405-9 Southwest Blvd., City, Mo. ALLOY Pistons. Indian, Excelsior. and wings pin 10c. nut St., St. Louis, Mo. MUSHROOM GROWING MRS. M. earned $267, three weeks, | “Patent Protection” LEARN Motion Picture Theatre Busi- ` FOR ILLUSTRATED. Bargains. | Indian Motorcycle Sales, i RECONDITIONED Motorcycles. New : Harley, Henderson, | Used parts, catalogue | Ballak, 1115 Chest- ' OLD GOLD WANTED CASH for old gold, teeth, watches, jewelry. 100% full cash value mailed ay shipment received. Satisfaction guaranteed or articles cheerfully re- turned. Information free. Chicago Gold Smelting Company, 300-C Cham- plain Building, Chicago. OLD MONEY WANTED $5.00 to_$500.00 EACH paid for Old Keep all old money. Get posted. 10 cents for Illustrated Coin Value Book, 4x6. Guaranteed Buying and Selling Prices. Coin Exchange, Box 18, Le Roy, N. Y. RARE COINS—Bought_ and Sold. Latest List 10c. Chico Coin Shop, Box 22, Chicopee, Mass. PATENT ATTORNEYS INVENTORS: your copies of Send immediately for our new Free books, and “Suggestions on Selling an Invention.” Sixty-eight pages of interesting facts, They tell how Patent Laws protect you; kind of sketch or model needed; simple steps to take without cost; how successful inventors have secured financial as- sistance; show interesting inventions; illustrate important mechanical move- ments. With books we also send Free Evidence of Invention form to help establish date of disclosure, Prompt service, reasonable fees, special de- ferred payment plan, Strictest secrecy. Thirty-six years’ experience. Highest references. Write us today. ‘The facts in our books are worth money to the man with a good invention. dress: Victor J. Evans & Co., Regis- ' tered Patent Attorneys, 920-B Victor : Building, Washington, D. C. INVENTORS--Small ideas may have large commercial possibilities, Write us for FREE book, (Patent Guide for the Inventor’ and “Record of Inven- tion” form. Delays are dangerous in patent matters. Free information on | how to proceed, Clarence A, O'Brien and Hyman Berman, 28-Z Adams i Building, Washington, D. C. UNPATENTED Ideas Can Be Sold. We tell you how and help you make the sale. Particulars, with list of manu- facturers and wanted inventions, sent free on request. Write W. T. Greene, 958 Barrister Bldg., Washington, D., C. “INVENTOR’S Guidebook” containing 96 mechanical movements and advice i about patenting, selling inventions, also “Record of Invention”, Free. Frank A. Ledermann, Patent Attorney-Engineer, 154 Nassau Street, New York. PATENTS raising mushrooms in cellar! Excep- ` tional, but your cellar, shed perhaps suitable. We buy crops. Book Free. United, 3848-A90 Lincoln Ave., cago, Chi- OFFICE EQUIPMENT TYPEWRITERS, multigraphs, address- ing machines, adders, dictaphones, dup- licators, sealers, folders. Save half, write Pruitt, 553 Pruitt Bldg., Chicago. Pillared He Niall and tat Ane OLD BOOKS WANTED $100— $200 — $500—$1,000 Each and even $5,000 cash will be paid for certain old books! We buy thousands of dol- lars worth annually. We also pay big cash prices for certain old maga- zines, letters, newspapers. Books even recent as 1931 wanted, A single school book, story book, old bible, travel book, poetry book, etc., in your home may bring you $10—$50—$100 or more in cash? Send 10c for latest list of books | wanted. Act now! American Book Mart, 140 S. Dearborn, Dept, 650, Chicago. Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix PATENT Your Idea—Write immedi- ately for two free books, “Patent Pro- | tection” and “When and How to Sell | an Invention.” Fully explain many in- teresting points to inventors and illus- trate important mechanical principles. With books we also send ‘ ‘Evidence of Invention”? form, Prompt service, reasonable fees, thirty-seven ears’ ex- perience. Avoid risk of delay. Ad- dress: Victor J. Evans & Co.. Regis- tered Patent Attorneys, 925-B Victor Building, Washington, 1). C PATENTS. _ Booklet free. references, Best results. l fees. Watson E. Coleman, Victor Build- ing, Washington, D. C. INVENTIONS Wanted—Patented, un- patented. If you have an idea' for sale, write Hartley’s Inc., Box 928-J, Ban- gor, Maine. !: PATENTS—Reasonable Terms. Book and advice free. L. F., Randolph, Dept. 41, Washington, D, C. 161

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PATENTS WANTED INVENTIONS Commercialized. Pat- ented or_ unpatented, Write Adam Fisher Company, 582 Enright, St. Louis, Mo. PERSONAL STUTTERING and Stammering cor- rected at home. Booklet free. Paul J. Wolfe, Box 52, Pittsburgh, Penna. PHOTO DEVELOPING FINER Finishing. Rolls developed and printed, with One Colored enlargement, or two professional enlargements. for 25c (coin). Genuine, Nationally Known, Moentone Superior Quality. Moen Photo Service, La Crosse, Wis. FREE Enlargements: Developing, Printing Films 25c; Ten Reprints 25c; Cardinal Photo. Berkeley Heights, POULTRY POULTRY TRIBUNE — America’s leading poultry magazine. Five years $1.00; one year trial 25c. Poultry Tribune, Dept. 92-C, Mount Morris, Illinois. AS WORLD’S Largest Chick Pro- ducers, we can save you money. Big Catalog Free. Colonial Poultry Farms, Box 446, Pleasant Hill, Mo. $500.00 YEARLY PROFIT From Twelve Hens. 130 page book, $1.00. Duffy-Co., Covington, Ky. PRINTING 2,000 Business Cards Neatly Printed $1.50. Quick Service. Free Samples. -Atlas Distributing Co„ 1814 Bedford Ave, Pittsburgh, Pa. 150 EACH, Business letterheads, en- velopes, Business Cards, all $2.00 Post- paid. Cameron Press, 56 Montgomery, Bloomfield, N. J. 100 EACH, 8%x11 Letter-Heads, 634 Envelopes, $1.00 Postpaid. Tucker Co., MMM Box 63, Indianapolis, Ind. 250 ENVELOPES, _letterheads or statements. Only $1.00 Postpaid. Yoods Press, Bedford, Penna. PROPELLERS PROPELLERS Sied-Lightplane, low- est prices. Literature 6c. Woodcraft Eropeller Co., Hillside Station, Wichita, ans. RADIO & TELEGRAPHY RADIO BUILDERS MANUAL—A book of radio set building plans and kinks for the home experimenter. Everything from a crystal set to powerful 6-tube auto radio is included. Price 50 cents—order directly from Modern Mechanix Publishing Co., Fawcett Bldg., Greenwich, Conn. RADIO Engineering, broadcasting, aviation and police radio, Servicing, Marine and Morse Telegraphy taught thoroughly. All expenses low. Catalog free, Dodge’s Institute, King St., Val- paraiso, Ind. FARM—CITY Radios $6.95 complete. Save half. Agents Free offer. Power windchargers, factory cost. Marco, 1250 McGee, Kansas City, Mo. w Size _ Crystal Reception, Complete 50 Cents (Coin). Sampeitro’s Shop, 104% Balbo Avenue, Providence, R. I. CRYSTAL SET—4,250 mile record. Instructions, 18 Distance Models; “Radiobuilder” year; 25e. Laboratories, 151-K Liberty, San Francisco. 62 = Accept No Substitutes! Swedish Youth Studies U.S. Auto Construction Coming all the way from Sundsvall, Sweden Karl-Arne Mossberg, right, 15-year-old youth studies the compli- cated ignition testing apparatus in a leading American auto plant. Amer- ican cars are popular throughout Sweden. RAZOR BLADES RAZOR BLADES, (Cutrate) Mystery Edge, Mercury Process; Nationally Advertised—Double and Single Edge, 100, $1.40; Value, $2.50. Other Brands. Samples, dime. Joseph Kowalski, Haydenville, Greensburg, Pa. SALESMEN WANTED SELL ONLY (4) All Wool Suits to get a Free Suit. No limit to number of Free Suits you may earn. Prices $15.95 to $28.95. Zipper leather carry- ing case. Sample line Free. O ex- perience needed to make Big Money. All Suits Individually Cut and Tailored To Measure. Satisfaction or Money Back uarantee. Three Star Clothes, Dept. 2MM, 330 So. Franklin, Chicago, IMMEDIATE OPENINGS for ambi- tious men! Wear, introduce ‘Fair- banks” tailored-to-measure clothes, make up to $10 in a day. Experience un- necessary. Free Suit offer. Low prices. Quick sales. Free outfit. Permanent! Fairbanks Company, 2245-A Wabansia, Chicago. SALESMAN—To contact industrial concerns; profitable, fast-selling line es- sential to all shippers: full or part time; immediate results; yearly re- newals. Write Official Motor Freight Guide, 732 Van Buren, Chicago. ee eee STRANGE CHEMICAL SPONGE cleans wallpaper like magic. Banishes housecleaning drudgery. Women amazed. Hustlers cleaning up. Details EREN. Kristee, Dept. 251, Akron, io. SELL Celluloid and Cardboard Pricing Tickets, Steel Shelf Moulding, Change- able Signs, Menu Covers. Every store prospect. T. Pricing Press, 124 White St., New York. GOLD Reflecting Letters for store windows. Easily applied. Large sizes, penny each, free samples! Atlas Sign Works, 7941-G Halsted, Chicago. SIGN PAINTING Send dime for literature and terms. James Meagher, 71 Dun- ham St., Norwich, Conn. SPECTROSCOPES SPECTROSCOPE with book of 120 experiments, $2.50. udding Sons, Campbell. California. TATTOOING SUPPLIES TATTOOING Outfits, Supplies—Cata- fugue, Guaranteed Remover. “Waters,” \l-965 Putnam, Detroit. TAXIDERMY SUPPLIES FREE Official Catalogue. Big values. Eyes. Head forms. Everything, direct from manufacturer. Taxidermic Manu- facturers, Memphis, Tenn. BIGGEST $1.00 Buy. Schmidt 7 Book Home Study Taxidermy. See our ad page 152. TELESCOPES, MICROSCOPES, ETC. GET our lowest prices on Telescopes, Microscopes, Movie Cameras and hun- dreds of other items, I. Winn, 124 W. 23 St., COMPLETELY mounted, powerful 6” reflecting telescope. Special introduc- . Livingstone, 3903 Lake Park. Chicago, Ill. TELESCOPES, Microscopes, Binocu- lars. Lowest prices. Optical catalog free. Brownscope Company, 234 Fifth Avenue, New York. BUILD your own Reflecting Telescope. Copy of instructions ten cents. Cata- log Free. Optical Laboratories, Larch- mont, New York. FREE! Bargain Catalog. Microscopes, Binoculars. (1515-K) Evanston, Illinois. FREE literature. Amateur Telescope Makers Supply Co., 24 West 20 Street, New York, N, Y. VENTRILOQUISTS LEARN Ventriloquism by mail; small cost, 3c stamp brings particulars. Geo. W. Smith, 125 North Jefferson, Room $-657, Peoria. Ill WELDING DODGE _ARC-WELDER 25-200 am- peres. Build it yourself. Certified Plans $1.00 Post-paid WELDING SUP- PLIES: Plans Free with cash orders; Electrode Holders $2.00, Handshields $4.00, Helmets 6.00. Welders’ Club of America, Box 3432-B, Merchandise Mart Station, Chicago. ACETYLENE and Electric Welding equipment, new and used. Reduced prices on Acetylene Welding equipment, and on rods for A. elders. Price list free. Alex Adastik, 1299 Michigan, Grand Rapids, Mich. LEARN WELDING. ing, qualified school. Particulars free. Stamp appreciated. Welders’ Club of America, Box 3432-B, Merchandise Mart Station, Chicago. ARC-WELDING Outfit $1.25. Weld fenders, braze, solder. Lavrow, 4368-W, Warren. Detroit. Stamp appreciated, WIND ELECTRIC LIGHTS ELECTRIC Light-Wind Driven, auto- matic control, build your own electric nlant. Copyrighted Blueprints. Write Wind Motor Electric, Brainerd, Min- nesota. WIND ELECTRIC PLANTS GENERATOR Propellers, expertly de- i i Hibbs, Fort | Telescopes, Teeko Special train- WOOD CARVING “MODERN WOOD SCULPTURE” Complete instruction book on carving statues, $1.00. . Lee Wood Art Studio, Dept. 3, Centerville, Ia. Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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New (Invention Fits Any Stove or Range 30 Days Free Trial Remarkable invention burns 96% air, 49 of a cheap variety of oil obtainable everywhere. Does away with coal, wood, ashes, dirt and drudgery. Clean, silent, quick, like gas heat. 3 times hotter than coal and cheaper. Temperature controlled. No more getting up on bit- ter cold, wintry mornings. Many aute- matic features. No gas or electricity needed. Safe as any ordinary kitchen range. Easy to install—no damage to stove—simply sits in firebox of any stove, range, heater or furnace. _ Costs Bz, a few cents a day to operate. TRY 30 DAYS AT OUR RISK. Low introductory price and 30-day trial. Write for FREE CATALOG. AGENTS and spare time workers: Oil heat saves money this year; people buy to save, Write for free burner offer that. starts you in busi- ness for yourself. Act NOW! Listed as approved by Nat'l Board of Fire Underwriters. BRIGHAM OIL BURNER CÒ., 2923-B Clark Ave., St. Louis, Mo. EARN $66 A WEEK! Write for FREE Burner of-| forand protected territory! Plow Powerful GasTractors for Small Farms, , Seed Gardeners, Florists, Nurseries, Cultivate Fruit Growers & Poultrymen. Mow Hay 1 & 2 Cylinders and Lawns Walk or Ride-Do Belt Work | High Wheels--Free Catalog KA ` STANDARD ENGINE CO. > Minneapolis, Minn. Philadelphia, Pa. New York, N.Y. 4023 Como Ave. 2532 Market St. 278 Cedar St. WILL YOU WEAR THIS SUIT and Make up to $12 ina Day! Let me send vou this fine all-wool tailored suit FREE OF COST. Just follow my easy plan and show the suit to your friends. Make up to $12 in a day easily. No experience—no canvassing necessary. Send for Samples—FREE OF COST Write today for FREE details, ACTUAL SAMPLES and Stee getting plans. Send Be money. . J. Gollins, Progress a t. P-137 500 S. Throop St. 3 SOTRA rote “Chicago, LA FACTORY TO YOU SAVE EVEN with “trade in" allowance on old radio you s CAN'T save st AT STORES. BUY DIRECT FROM FACTORY. ave 1/2 on 34 FULLY GUARANTEED Miniature, Console, Automa. bile models. AC-DC Superhet and Battery Sets. 2 and 3 tuni bands. 4 to B tubes. Automatic Volume and Tone Control. iuminated Airplane dlals. Modernistic lines. Foreign, U. $. re= ception, mt ` F R EE H Miustráted folder, SEND QUICK CAPITOL RADIO CO., Dept. A-2, 43 E. Ohio St., Chicago, II. U.S.A. Work like magic in emergencies or prove whether your door or padlocks are burglarproof. OPEN AND TEST THOUSANDS OF DIFFERENT LOCKS. Recommended by users in ten different nations. Most wonderful and only keys of their kind. Send $1 today. (Also C.O.D.) Novel key chain FREE with set. Each key different. LA VALLIERE 326 East 13th St. New York City ANY PHOTO ENLARGED Size 8x10 inches or smaller If de- sired. Same price for full length or Cc bust form, groups, landscapes, pet Factory price list. animals, etc., or Sule erie Of any part of group picture. Safe return o: original photo guaranteed. 3for$1.00 SEND NO MONEY 75t 72 moto or snapshot (anysize) and within a week you will receive your beautiful enlargement, guaranteed fadeiess. Pay postman 47c plus ostage — or send 49c with order and we pay postage. Big TEx20-ineh enlargement sert C.O.D, Tuc plus postage or send 80¢ and we pay postage. l'ake advantage of this amaz- ing offer now. Send your photos today. Specify size wanted. STANDARD ART STUDIOS, 104 S. Jefferson St., Dep. 3775, Chicago When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix BUILDING: Jor examination BIG VOLUMES ‘ Don’t send us a cent—just your name and address and we ship all of these books to you for ten days free examination. Look them over carefully, see how easy it is to find out the things you want to know, and then decide whether or not you want to keep them. The price and terms are so low that everyone should have them on hand for ready reference. Billions of dollars are being used to make jobs and the Home Modernization Program offers the biggest chance to make money carpenters have ever known, Are YOU Ready? Can you remodel from start to finish—do you know the tricks of estimating, laying out, etc.? Here's your chance to get these facts—quickly—easily without study or work—just put your finger on what you want to know instantly. Carpenters, Architects, Contractors, Home Builders A gold mine of facts can often be converted into a gold mine of dollars, for builders save money and learn how to make more money with the five big books on architecture, carpentry and building. Carpenters make themselves contractors by learning how to estimate correctly; contractors are able to handle bigger and more profitable jobs by learning how the big fellows do it. Men who want to uild homes can save money by learning how it should be done. The new Jiffy index puts before your eyes without wasted time, the things you want to know, {Nothing overlooked. Use of tools, bullding construc- tion, heating, lighting, plumbing, architectural drawing, all covered. These Drawing Instruments (59%) Included Complete set of drawing instruments if ou Send for these building books NOW. ‘hese instruments are made of the finest German silver, are absolutely accurate and are packed in velvet lined leatherette pocket case. Real $10 value, but free to mee J you with these books.. „me. =m = === = American Technical Society, . Drexel Ave. at 58th St., Dept. G2320, Chicago, III. I would like to look at the five books ‘described above. Send them om your free offer. I will pay the few cents delivery charges only ang will examine them thoroughly and return them in ten days unless I like them, in which case f will send you $2.00 and after that $3.00 per month until the total price of oniy $10.80 is pald. You are also send me the drafting instruments and consulting membership certificate of the American Technical Society, without extra charge. Name ~~~ a a i ee ne ner - Address Please attach lotter stating age, employer’s name and address and that of at least one business man as a reference. WELL 2zacm YOU FOR GOOD JOBS IN ELECTRICITY DIESEL ELECTRIC POWER ... RADIO REFRIGERATION ... AIR CONDITIONING ON PRACTICAL EQUIPMENT! D cight in your own home IN YOUR SPARE TIME Getintoa growing industry that of- fers steady work, better jobs, good pay and a real future. Revolutionary new plan brings practical training right to your door. Leam at home... do actual jobs in your own electrical workshop . . Pwe furnish dozens o! items of electrical equipment at no f extra cost with the course to make training easy and help you EARN WHILE YOU LEARN here's no need to give up your present job until you are trained & Gas Sectrteal Job” „opportunities to. make $5, $10 or more § a week while training . . . your spare 15 time is enough to learn Electricity the BENG FORTH practical E.I. way. Keep (right on carn- s.. ing as you learn. You don't need previous experience or a iot of book learning- Money back if not satisfied. Mail the coupon TODAY for big Free Book and ali facts about this amazing new plan of home shop training. There is no obliga- tion and no salesman will call on you, STITUTE, Inc, ELECTRIC INSTITUTT: cdale, Ill, . W. Pet , President Bam: peters PRCIRIC INSTITUTE, Inc. a , Ilnoi RA Mae Book and full details of E. I. Home Shop Training. Age. Nattiescrccccccccceesccsasecnees Address. City. 163

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FISH CAUGHT IN GREAT SAHARA DESERT Nic Sprank Offers $5.00 For Best Oddity ; RAILRO D WORTH $15, 00, OOO HAS Ko LOCO MOTIVES, STA TIONS, O CARS! —TH FORTH BRIDGE RAILWAY OF SCO TAN OWNS ONLY È BRIDGE OVER WHICH 400 TRAINS OWNED BY OTHER RAILROADS PASS DAILY, PAYING TOLLS. —u.H.WEAVER, PITTSBURGH, PA. THALLING METEORS `> HAVE CAUSED ONLY . ~ TWO DEATHS! ALTHOUGH MUP Oat | oF ERY IRPLANE FORCED DOWN By Y YEAR, ONLY TWICE IN OR | EERTE HISTORY HAVE. MOSQUITOES! -AN AIRP! LIVING CREATURES BEEN STRUCK BY THEN A PEASANT OLA i ÎN INDIA ANDACOW IN THE AIR INLET PIPE OF THE ENGINE BRAZIL. BS CARBURETOR BECAME CLOGGED WITA MILTON KALETSKY, NY,NY. MOSQUITOES, CAUSING THE M "E HUTCHINS GALVEST TON,TEXAS Five dollars wilt be paid for the Oddity used by Nic Sprank as his central illustration. used on this page. Conn. 164 One dollar will be paid for alt others Send your Oddity to Nic Sprank, Modern Mechanix Publishing Company, Fawcett Bidg., Greenwich, Source or proof of each Oddity must be given, Send all Oddities separately, not with other manuscripts or letters,

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ROSA RUSE; TJ Daag Dead-Eye Dick, Buffalo Bill’s Boys, Jesse James and other pulp thrillers of years gone by are now being sought by book col- lectors everywhere. These tabloid paper novels their publishers over-a brief span of years. earn an income of $1,000,000 yearly for forty years, had an almost unbelievable history having reaped a mere $10,000,000 for Erastus Beadle with his brother Erwin conceived the unusual literature and made it The books have been bought up during recent years chiefly for their historical value. ADLETS FOR HOBBYISTS (See regular classified sectlon for fates and other Information.) STAMPS SUPER-WONDER Packet offered, containing 60 different stamps from Afghanistan, Transjordania, North Borneo, Manchukuo, Sudan, Macao, Iraq, Charkhari, French and British Colonies, including natives, beasts, ships, etc., all for 5c to approval applicants. Big illustrated lists included. Kent Stamp Company, Box 87-Z (G. P. O.), Brooklyn, N. Y. 50 DIFFERENT Stamps cataloging over $1.00 only a dime to approval applicants. 20,000 different stamps at prices ranging from lc. All stamps guaranteed genuine. A fine selection of U. S. revenues at 1c and up. Address F, G. Stein, Dept. 214, 7360 N. Seeley Ave., Chicago. GIANT Netherlands Commemorative Triangle, Jubilee, Air- mails, Pictorials in Mammouth Collection—10c, with Double Premium Approvals. Free Airmail Collection given regular customers. Tru-Value Stamp Service, Box M1412, Hart- ford, Connecticut. EXTRAORDINARY FREE OFFER—Turks Caicos, $5 U. S., Caymans, Western Samoa (native girl), genuine Baden. Everything free to approval applicants enclosing 3c postage q sig Stamp Co., 1-MM Hanson Place, Brook- yn, N Y: ZANZIBA R—Also Sudan—Somaliland—Tigerstamps— Togoland—Caribbean Archer—Algerian—Centralamericans —Britishcolonials—This magnicarocious collection free for 5c postage. Graystampshop, Dept. MM, Toronto, Canada. NEGRI SEMBILAN, SIBERIA, BICOLORED Columbian Airpost, Cheery French Colonies, Beautiful Trinidad Pic- torial, Scarce Perak. Everything 5c with Approvals! “Saxon”, Albee Bldg., Brooklyn, N. Y. 107 DIFFERENT, Gabon, Congo, Algeria, Guinea, etc., 5c to approval applicants. Extra—Airmail Packet Free!! Hunziker, Box 225W, Minneapolis, Minnesota. STAMPS! 100 diff. 3c; 500 dif. 35c; 1,000 diff. 90c! Illustrated Album (4000 spaces) 22c. Approvals sent. Tatham Stamp Co. (D9) Springfield, Mass. MONTHLY Stamp Magazine, 6 months and 25 foreign stamps, 25c. American Stamp Journal, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. FREE!!! King George Memorial Packet, 15 varieties. Post- age 3c. Roberts, 901-T Fourth, Baycity, Michigan. UNITED STATES—Elaborate Pricelist free. 45 different 10c. 75 different 30c. Sidenburg, Baroda, Mich. Coins, Paper Money and “Thousands of Others to $2 5 RECENT ISSUES, 1 triangle, 10c, with unusual ap- provals. Watson, 837 Locust, Denver, Colo. FREE premiums to approval applicants enclosing postage. Carl Brooks, Mt. Orab, Ohio. 25 DIFFERENT Canada 2c. Sundman, D2, Bristol, Conn. Ap provals sent, Maynard COINS $2,000.00 for Ic. We Guarantee to Pay World’s Highest Prices, Large Cents up to $2,000.00 each 1909 Cents $10.00, 1860 Cents $50.00, 1890 Cent $20.00, 1913 Liberty Head Nickel $350.00, 25c Defore 1916 $300. 00, 50c before 1916 $750.00, Other 50c borers 1936 $60.00. Gold Coins $5,000.00, Lincoln Cents before 1932, Half Cents, Half Dimes, P each. Know What Your Coins Worth, Send Dime For World’s Largest 10c Complete Illustrated Catalogue. Romanocoinshop, Dept. 159, Nantasket, Mass. $5.00 TO $500.00 EACH paid for Old Coins. Keep all oid money. Get posted, Send 10 cents for Illustrated Coin Value Book, 4x6. Guaranteed Buying and Selling Prices. Coin Exchange, Box 17, Le Roy, N. Y. CALIFORNIA GOLD, quarter size; 27c, $%4 size; 53c. Illustrated Catalogue Coins and Stamps 25c. Norman Shultz, Salt Lake, Utah. FREE: Foreign Coin, Banknote and Large Illustrated coin catalogue, for 4c postage. Approvals sent. Tatham Coinco, Springfield-9, Mass, ` COINS, Beadwork, Indian Relics, Minerals, Books, Curios, Stamps. Catalogue, 5c. Indian Museum, Northbranch, Kansas. INDIAN CURIOS 12 ARROWHEADS, Spearhead, Lancehead $.99.—Fire- arms, Trophies. 120.000 Bargains. Photolist 10c. Museum, Rutland, Illinois. INDIAN CURIOS. 100 good ancient Arrowheads $3.00, Tomahawk Head 50c. Illustrated catalog 5c. H. Daniel, Dardanelle, Arkansas. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 165

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Less than 20 minutes a day with these 7 big mechanical engineering books entitled ‘‘Modern Shop Prac- tice,’ will prepare you for a better job and bigger pay. Machine hands become foremen and superintendents, helpers become experts, foremen become managers.- Any machinisl, helper or factory employee can beneflt QUICKLY and can command more money- Don't miss this chance to Your Opportunity quallfy for promotion, don’t put off for one minute this Big Opportunity which is yours almost for the asking. Seven Big Books chockful of every known mechanical fact, told so simply and clearly that any one can understand them. Over 2600 pages, nearly 2700 illustrations cover_ every subject fully, including Tool Making, Pattern Making, Foundry Work, Mechanical Drawing, Forging, in fact anything you need to know, a or examination. Yes of these book it b Everything Sent FREE =" fe e hooks will, be tion. Decide in your own home or place of business whether or not you want to keep them, check up on any facts you want to. Note their great MONEY MAKING value, then’ wi n the easiest kind of payments. 4 pie VON Wart Phen DAYO Complete set of drawing instruments if you send for these hooks NOW. These instruments are made of the finest of German silver, are absolutely accurate and are packed in velvet lined leatherette pocket case. Real $10 value but free to you wilh these books. — — oy ee eee ee ee eee ee American Technical Society, Dept. M2320, Drexel at 58th St., Chicago You may send me the 7 big NEW. books for free examination. I will ay the few cents delivery charges oniy unless I decide to keep them in which case I wHi send $2.00 In ten days, and $3,00 per month until the total price of only $29.80 Is pald. If I return them In 10 days I will owe you nothing. Because send now, you agree to give me a membership in the American: Technical Soclety entitling me to Free consultation privileges wlth any of your experts for one year and set of drawing instruments. Name ------- enw eee ene o-oo 2 on we nnn nee ee Address —.~...-.-0—-2----~----- -- ~~ = Please attach a letter stating age, occupation, employer's name and ad» dress and that of at least one business man as reference, i 7 MECHANICS _& WELDERS GOOD JOBS and Mighty GOOD PAY Do you want to earn big money? If so let us know which of the following trades you prefer. You learn by doing. Practical work. Expert teachers. Low tuition. Personal attention. It will pay you to investigate AT ONCE. Just check the courses you'd like to take and mail today. You will receive full information, absolutely without cost or obligation. But don’t delay. Check the Trade You'd Like to Learn O Auto Mechanics O Welding O Auto Collision O Spray Painting O Metal Finishing O Torch Solderins Name Address 2... cece ee eee oie wigs Bi ese w aie gia ew és wee Mail the above to MICHIGAN TRADE SCHOOL 3763 Woodward Avenue DETROIT, MICH. 166 Romance Of The Tin Can [Continued from page 155] salmon, in peaches, pears, apples, all had the effect of adding immediately to can production. The cooking time was shortened again when another Maryland canner—A. K. Shriver—developed the closed kettle. Cooking could be done so speedily that all this automatic machinery had be to per- fected so that preparation of food could keep up with canning. Canning technology was improved; the technique of making the can was improved; machinery for both operations was improved. Better cans now were being made. Dies worked by foot power were introduced. A hole was cut in the top large enough to insert food into the can after the top had been soldered on, with a round disc to be soldered over the aperture, following processing. This was known as the “hole-in-top” can. The next style was the “open-top.” Tops and bottoms were crimped on without using solder. Thick rubber gaskets made the can air-tight and the crimping of top and bottom was accomplished by folding them over these gaskets. And then came the most forward step of all— development and perfection of the “sanitary can” —a refinement of the “open-top”—and the can you see all about you today. This generation of consumers never saw anything else. This can was brought forth in 1896. Charles M. Ams, a chemist, evolved a liquid compound to take the place of the awkward rubber gasket. George W. Cobb, in Fairport, N. Y., was having trouble getting peaches, pears, and other solid fruit particles filled into the old “hole-in-top” can without mutilating them. He became inter- ested in the Ams can, which, being open at the top, would solve that problem for him. His com- pany, the Cobb Preserving Company, had been manufacturing its own cans since it was founded in 1875. This youthful manager of production installed the Ams apparatus in his plant. In 1902 and again in 1903 his results were con- vincing enough to warrant the formation of a com- pany the following year devoted to the manufac- ture and distribution of sanitary cans. Can making was started in a building at Fairport in July, 1904. Eight million cans were made the first year. In three years a branch plant went up in New Jersey and another in Indianapolis; later a plant at Niagara Falls, Ont. These were pur- chased in 1908 by the American Can Company. Theesanitary can was unquestionably the chief factor in bringing tin can production to its present figure of astounding magnitude, and it was the last achievement of revolutionary aspect in the history of the tin can. . Lacquers, enamels and lithography have come along to adorn and beautify cans but their chief value has always been and always will be their practicability, utility and convenience. The per- fect vessel for food—they cook and they carry, achieving Appert’s dream—to keep foods edible over long periods of time. Accept No Substitutes! Alwavs Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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ester BNION TIMED a canan! wo00 mee yp onl STABLISHING new mileage records on cars in all sec- tions of the country, the Vacu-matic again scores in a new speed record established by Bob McKenzie transcon- tinental automobile champion. Los Angeles to Chicago — 2,322 miles in 39 hours and 42 minutes— driving 75 and 80 to maintain a speed average of 59.7 miles per hour! Here is speed—a gruelling grind—where quick accelaration, greater top speed — and less stops for gasoline mean those precious moments saved that make new speed records possible The same Vacu-matic that helped Bob McKenzie establish this speed record and gave him such fine gas savings is now available for all car owners. It is positively automatic—simple to install—inexpen- sive—and pays for itself many times over in gas savings utma? - «Nothing Like It! Vacu-matic is entirely different! It operates on the super- charge principle by automatically adding a charge of extra oxygen, drawn free from the outer air, into the heart of the gas mixture. It is entirely AUTOMATIC and allows the motor to “breathe” at the correct time, opening and closing automatically as required, No idl- ing troubles—no carburetor adjust- ments necessary. It is so simple it will amaze you—so practical it will save you many dollars on gas Costs. Fits All Cars VACU-MATIC is constructed of six parts, assembled and fused into one unit, correctly adjusted and sealed at the factory. Nothing to regulate. Easily attached in ten minutes, ` The VACU-MATIC Co. Wauwatosa, Wis. Agents and Salesmen VACU-MATIC offers ~a-splendid opportunity for unusual.sales and profits. Valuable terri- tories now being as- signed. Check and mail coupon. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix New uper arge 2o Principle = SAVES GAS Guaranteed Gas Savings VACU-MATIC must prove itself on every car. guaranteed to give worthwhile gas savings, quicker pick-up It is and more power, or it costs you nothing. “On my V-8 Ford it works miracles”, says Ralph Fields. James Seeley —“On an International Truck on a round trip to Cleve- land, 385 miles, it saved 19 gallons of gas,” A. V. Grove —On the Buick it showed 5 miles more per gallon.” F. S. Peck—-“I average 22 miles per gal. on my Plymouth, an increase of 7 miles, for a saving of $15.00 a month, or $180.00 a year.” Wm. Lyons—‘Averaged 25 miles on a gal. with a Model A Ford at 40 miles per hour.” Free Details You owe it to yourself to know all about this remarkable discovery. Mail the coupon below. Start saving gas with VACU-MATIC and enjoy a new driving thrill! There’s no obligation—so get the facts now! Write today! ro =FREE OFFER COUPON =a ~ -e q THE VACU-MATIC COMPANY t À 7617-278 W. State St, Wauwatosa, Wis. 1 Gentlemen: Please send me full particulars concerning the | Vacu-matie and details of your Free Offer. This of course i § does not obligate me in any way. — Bo Name ....... sec cecee cence eceerneeesencenre DOERNER I f Address ..essessanseseeneeovesesererrereereereeransa a $ I City x sicweie's seesex P E, sored Breanainn seres I im C Check here if interested in selling proposition. = me m e m e e a o ṣu U ġęU șa ṣa ‘U 167

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$500 g : TERMS AS LOW AS No. 415-YA 934” swing by 3’ bed Workshop Bench Lathe with $700 Horizontal Motor Drive, 144 hp. Reversing Motor, Switch and belt tension countershaft as shown above ......4..-.-... $216.00 $29 Down, $8 a month for 12 months) [HE new 1937 model 9-inch Workshop Lathe ia a Back- Geared Screw Cutting Precision Lathe, with Twin Gear Re- verse to lead screw, Ball Thrust Bearing on Spindle, Longitudinal Screw Feed to Carriage, Precision Lead Screw for cutting screw threads—and scores of other important features. Especially recommended for fine accurate work in the plant, shop and toolroom. Used by all important industries in this country and abroad. Takes 38 practical attachments for milling, grinding, draw-in collet ehuck work, and many other manufacturing jobs. Write for Catalog 15K, illus- trating and describing the new 1937 Model Workshop Lathe in 8 different drives— 4 bed lengths. Shows the 38 attachments for use with thislathe. A valuable book- let to anyone interested in metal working lathes. Use coupon below. SOUTH BEND LATHE WORKS 515 E. Madison Street South Bend, Ind., U.S.A. No. 117-C 16” x 6’ South Bend Quick Change Gear Underneath Belt Motor Driven Lathe with 3-phase motor, re- versing switch, complete as shown. Li o Work® Weight oe Ibs. oua -e779 8 Sty raog $155 Down, amo south $ Madi ong. US ew 4937 Cata Jor 17 months) 515i Bends a po our” b © piens! ines ` pe _soverested T 1 ged D ee 1 gad. i ome" is : . ee un a guet] 168 Accept No Substitutes! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand!

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“BRirflow” Sled Gives Thrills [Continued from page 132] have to rewire the various units as well as devise a new hitch for the starter button. This latter may be either on the dash or on the floor. As things stand now we have the complete chassis with runners and steering gear installed but as yet without provision for propelling it over the bounding ice. This feat is accomplished by means of an airplane propeller mounted above and behind the motor. A ready made prop is thoroughly recommended. Unless you are versed in such matters your at- tempts to manufacture a satisfactory propeller are not likely to be linked with much success. Fortunately it is possible to buy commercial pro- pellers made expressly for ice sleds and graded to suit different types of car engines at what con- stitutes really a modest sum. The drive hookup is shown in the detailed drawings. Ingenious builders will probably de- vise their own drive details. In any case the transmission from engine shaft to prop shaft is greatly dependent upon the possibilities offered by the engine itself. Generally speaking it is best to take the drive from the fan belt drive- shaft wherever this shaft permits the use of a larger diameter pulley. Twin pulleys of about 5” diameter on each shaft are recommended. As to the drive ratio, no reduction will be required using a light car engine and a 5-foot commercial propeller. If, however, you have been able to pick up a larger prop at bargain prices there is no reason why you should not use it. In this case some reduction in the drive will be necessary. The shaft hanger for the prop is made from a front wheel hub. Cut all the spokes off and mount the hub on iron or steel pipe struts. The struts are bolted direct to the chassis and their exact length is determined by the width of the chassis and the diameter of the prop used. Thrust ‘struts are added as shown and may be of pipe or of angle iron. Tke side frame members of the body may be of wood or of angle iron. Your own skill in handling materials and the condition of your pocketbook are the determining factors here. The sides and front are covered with pressed wood and metal sheet respectively. The roof may be either a flat surface of pressed wood as indicated in the drawings or a built-up structure covered with fabrikoid may be used. Windows of heavy celluloid are preferable to glass. And there we are! The late occupant of the junkyard is now completely transformed into an “Airflow” ice vehicle you will be proud to own. And if you have been careful in selecting and conditioning the motor, all that remains is to invite your friends; climb aboard; step on the starter, shove the control column forward to re- lease the brake and speed off in that exhilarating gliding motion which is probably the nearest thing to flying that exists. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix INVENTORS BE CAUTIOUS Before You Make A Mcve—Ge These Facts! Invention, like everything else, is a business— you must ‘know wha: you are doing. First, you must know how to obtain patent—then, how to market your invention. Don't move in the dark—get the complete story of Patents and the Inventive Field before proceeding. How To Proceed (ffs) Our FREE 48-Page Book takes WHAT YCD i you from the first step in obtain- ing patent to last step in com» MUST mercializing your invention. Everything you need to know is in this book—prepared by experts with years of training in the pat- Over 100 il- V ent field. We have served thou- lustrations sands of Inventors In the United are States ana we son serve zo very reasonably on eral terms. ` Don’t delay—learn what you must devoted . to one do tod ay—Send for our FREE jn Vromoting the Book, ‘Patent Guide’’ and “Rece final success OF ord of Invention” Blank. your invention. CLARENCE A.O BRIEN & HYMAN BERMAN 1317-V Adams Bullding Washington, D. C. i E Registered Patent Attorneys Before U. S. Patent Office a l Please send me your FREE BOOK, ‘Patent Gulde for the Inventor” I and your ‘Record of Invention’’ form, without any cost or obliga- J tion on my part, chapters are Write or print name p i (Important: AUTO ENGINE SPEED CONTROL = GOVERNORS To control speed of any make of suto or truck engine, regardless of load changes, when used ss a stationary or portable power plant. Fully guaranteed. No cash down. Governor speed range from 400 to 3000 R.P.M. Fine opportunity for estab- lished agencies. Send for free circulars. Mfrs. Candee-Smith Gov., Dept, 122-B, 215 No. Los Angeles Street, Los Angeles. Meu | FOR FLAT BELT FOR V BELT TO CARBURETOR LEVER Eo forTHOUSAN DS in Ey REFRIGERATION If you want steady work—all year ’round—good pay, or a business of your own, prepare NOW. ground-floor opportunities are rare. Learn at low cost right in your own home (or at our school in Chicago), Write for FREE ‘‘Prosperity Booklet.” CHICAGO TECHNICAL COLLEGE 8-316 Tech Bidg., 118 E. 26th St, 34th Year Get Free Prosperity Booklet’? GOVT JOE SALARY f ) Railway Mail Clerk ¢ } POSTMASTER } : D q) Chicago a i oa all 2 TO START RS D. Cantier { ? Ruditor erk $90 to 4% Deg Berner Patrol $175 MONTHLY Special Agent Customs Inspector (9) U. ¢ gity Mail Carrier t ) Telephone Opr. P. O. Clerk } Watchman } Elevator Conductor ( } Meat Inspector Spec. Investigator t 3 Secret Service Opr. ) Typist File Clerk M EN ENSTRUCTION SERVICE, Dept. 233, St. Louls, Mo. Mag Send me FREE particulars ‘‘How to Qualify for Government Positions’? marked ‘'X’’. WOMEN Salarles, locations, opportunities, etc. ALL SENT FREE, Age Range Address

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Kew Joloas Meat Changing kusines This compact all-in-one air conditioning unit contains all the mechanism for the cooling, cleaning, dehumidifying and circulating of more than 1,200 cubic feet of air per minute. A gasoline powered machine that cuts grass and weeds with a rotary scythe action. Aluminum clothes-line hooks that are self- locking on the line and can be released by a flip of the wrist. A low-priced radio that brightens its corner visibly as well as audibly. A resin cement that is flexible, transparent, and very adhesive. Packed in a handy household tube. Juice from a tropical fruit that will tenderize meats when ap- plied. An electrically heated agitator for the mixing of foods, chemicals, etc., where a defi- nite temperature po Featuring a variable speed from 0-10 r.p.m., selected by turning a calibrated dial, this turntable dis- play device is powered with a 1/75 horsepower electric motor. 170 and speed is re- quired. A universal brake bleeding device that en- ables one man to bleed an entire set of hydraulic brakes in a single operation. Air condi- tioners, gas-fired for winter use, to which coils for complete summer To gain holding power, these lead air conditioning headed nails employ the principle b dded at of the anchor, the anchors being can be added at a arranged in rings about the shank. later date. An electrically wired comforter that gives a gentle warmth over a large area, obviating the need for heavy blankets. A geometric device that enables students to perform in a single operation, without adjustment, a geometrically perfect lay-out measurement of divisions and angles. An electrical appliance fixture cord provided with a reel which permits it to be adjusted to any desired length. Cord fits into base of lamp. Polish for cleaning reflectors of auto head- lights, flashlights, ete. A belt and leathererafter’s punch that is equipped with drive tubes offering a choice of four to six hole sizes. An air cooled bicycle coaster brake that has six additional inches of cooling surface due to hub de- sign. Requires less lubrication. Restauranteurs will like this metal “oystray.” It has six molds for oysters, a center pit for cocktail sauce, and an ice tray in bottom. Editors Note—Addresses of manufacturers of these and other new products in this issue can be obtained by sending a stamped, self-addressed envelope to Modern Mechanix Publishing Co., Information Bureau, Fawcett Building, Green- wich, Connecticut. Manufacturers are invited to submit material for publication on this page.

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She Got 3400" for a Half Dollar I will pay CASH for p OLD COINS, BILLS and’ STAMPS” - Amazing Profits FOR THOSE WHO KNOW OLD MONEY! There are single pennies that sell for $100.00. There are nickels worth many dollars—dimes, quarters, half dollars and dollars on which big cash premiums ».are paid. Each year a fortune is offered by col- Mrs. 8. Dowty lectors for rare coins and stamps for their of Teras, sold collections. The prices paid are amazing. B. Mat Ment It Pays to Post Yourself on the Big I paid Julian D. Martin $200 for one old Copper Cent of the year 1793. one half dollar for $400.00. 1 WILL PAY UP TO $6,500.00 For One Old Coin 1 PAID $200.00 to J. D. MARTIN, OF VIRGINIA roger ONE COPPER “Please accept my thanks for your check for $200.00 in payment for the copper cent I sent you. I appreciate the interest you have given this trans- action. It’s a pleasure to do business with a firm that handles matters as you do. I wish to assure you it will be a pleasure to me to tell all my friends of your wonderful offer for old coins.’’ Julian D. Martin, Va. This is but one of the many similar letters I am constantly receiving. Post yourself! It pays! I paid Mr. Manning, New York, $2,500.00 for a single silver dollar. Mrs. G. F. Adams, Ohio, re- ceived $740.00 for some old coins. I paid W. F. Wilharm, of Pennsylvania, $13,500.00 for his rare coins. I paid J. T. Neville, of North Dakota, $200.00 for a $10 bill he picked up in circulation. I paid $1,000.00 to Mr. J. E. Brownlee, of Ga., for one old coin. Mr. Brownlee says: “Your letter received with the check for $1,000.00 enclosed. like to deal with such men as you and hope you continue buying coins for along time.” In the last 36 years I have paid hundreds of others handsome premiums for old bills and coins. All Kinds of Old Coins, Medals, Bills and Staraps Wanted $1.00 to $1,000 paid for certain old cents, nickels, dimes, quarters, ete. Right. now I will pay $50.00 for 1913 Liberty Head nickels (not buffalo), $100.00 for 1894 dimes (‘‘S’? Mint), $8.00 for 1853 quarters (no arrows), $10.00 for 1866 quarters (no motto), $200.00 each for 1884 and 1885 Silver Trade Dollars, etc., ete. i Have Been Buying Old Money For 36 Years Any bank in Fort Worth or Dun & Bradstreets will testify as to My volume of business, built on fair and prompt dealings for 36 years, is such that I own and occupy my own building devoted to my coin business. ‘You will find every respresentatiun I make to be true and not exaggerated. It will pay my responsibility. you to do business with. me. 354 Mehi Buil RINTE, P! IN D U.S.A B. MAX MEHL Devi: Musna of Joos d4 - FORT WORTH, TEXAS .- Values of Old Coins and Stamps Knowing about coins pays. Andrew Henry, of Idaho, was paid $900.00 for a half dollar, P received in change. A valuable old- win James House of Mobile, may come into your possession or you may for a 1913 Liberty Head pave one now and not know it. Post youre Nickel (not Buffalo). self. Huge Premiums for Old Stamps Some old stamps bring big premiums. An old 10c stamp, found in an old basket, was recently sold for $10,000.00. There may be valuable stamps on some of your old let- ters. It will pay you to know how to recog» nize them. twill pay $100.00 for an 4 “S” Mint Dime i Let Me Send You My Big Iilustrated good condition. Coin Foider! It Will Open Your Eyes! Use the Coupon Below! Send the coupon below and 4 cents for my Large Illustrated Coin and Stamp Folder and further particulars. Write today for this eye-opening valuable wealth of informa- tion on the profits that have been made from old money. No obligation on your part. You have nothing to lose—everything to gain. It may mean much profit to you. Largest Rare Coin Co. in the U.S. Established 36 Years. (Copyright 1937) I paid Mrs. Dowty, of Texas,$400.00 for justone Half Dollar, FILL OUT AND MAIL NOW! AND GET LARGE COIN FOLDER B. MAX MEHL, 354 Mehl Bldg. FORT WORTH, TEXAS ee Dear Mr. Mehl:—Please send me your Largo Thistrated Coin and Stamp Folder and further particulars, for which T enclose 4 cents. NAME seroerersevesossssvosseesersresorssevssesesveseoe ADDRESS "7 qis\e:0iei0e.ee openee aseaine riensi aE -POTU A A E E STATH Tinas seeee

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uble Page Spreads

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READ THESE FREE BOOKS We ‘helped hundreds of inven- tors during 1936—perhaps we can help you now. If you have a use- ful invention, if you have a good idea in mind you should read these two free books—64 pages of Here's the FACTS for inventors. They an- famous n ew Swer your questions: What can Dat, vic Organ, be patented? How does the law 7 John tee b; ee protect me? What is my first E Cani R ays ‘onstructioy step? How much will it cost? tones electr; pO Pipes. Cregg mmond, fiine. tbat s A startling When can I wisely take steps to ight socke. ` ge Connects to o ousical inventive de. sell my invention? They answer an upright piap ™3ler and tgp ordinary velopment ? these and many more. Receive 5 piano, aid t enter than mobile applies Pen irought to gesAViation is, of these facts. Mail the coupon to- © produc hem, and automat es bra light thi. eld for Invis, Of, Course, a fe ty Apace more tan Is easily cut or ically appli “ght this year portant’ stapentive ingenuity, © day. y million differ. “PElng or traveling, ©! js the famous arok About tne piane" S Mado to ust Cott can gy; AMeriean man amah, aver- Picker said ‘to Shaultcayr® deals th improved type do the work back ang ,2Pot.) Then wing? 2 ines: fort d men automobile. @y,Piane serves É a at Usual ona lust one of many u Will this Prove as during the pagtleal development: Bre consta com, ntly hei room top ace, article ad™proved, in for Is one on Proven Patented tig nt din, cons Pomona, Califonntp!® Past year "i Elece Wieitytor Di Advan, for Diesel motors p tnd’ drancement p the fatrar wide: s have o Saamen?" gree wid Get Made m Rere isa racing agad attention, Showed ng tourn e isas ical ov acing car > Bente annia to men caper, = wing? car did 1570198 matey poge The rom HEY ; gener à 5 157: er the body ™ 2h. injured fie sow ol Eenerator, patented on et shows a new Hil per hour, In- pre: mi t h on Oct h i Blanen’S,and may | cPPhieation oF electric By Rave the effect or ton 1996 Ë Gpeibited Jast y Heel engine miy or Bai Ue elena Se Eleetrie mower to oset of bringing $298: fumerous patents ha Totor Boat Shon T gât New York n. R e Sut in Air Conditioning Pee! ts designer was hat homes. omes indus ee i ; : indice eer in automobi ditionege evances wiii ue GEMS oF It heads Into the Isolated farms an automatic govornog ĉPtomatis cally and bas RNEYGIL DING: you our Evidence of Invention form which ATT, of the American Pat- 4 A will assist you in making a proper disclosure ent System an old THESE INVENTIONS HELPED MAKE Your Idea May Be A Good One THE HISTORY OF 1936—1937 WILL WELCOME AND REWARD THE SAME SPIRIT OF PROGRESS Television and trailers—simple house- hold devices—all helped make inventive history during 1936. Invention marches on in every field, in every sphere of human life. Hard times are leaving, prosperity returning. Men are going hack to work. Times are changing— getting better, We believe that 1937 will be a good year for worthwhile in- ventions. Look Around—Look Ahead At the recent Centennial Celebration g Accept No letter of Andrew Car- negie’s _ was repro- duced, in which he spoke of bis 1905 inton Automobile. Mr. Carnegie said: “There may.be im- provements yet to come, but it is diffi- cult to see room for them”. Think of. it! Difficult to see any room for im- provement on a 1905 ‘‘chuggamobile”’. The truth is the 1937 automobile con- tains more than 100,000 patented im- provements. There is always room for improvement. Men who look around, then look ahead can help the world and help themselves by developing worth- while inventions. Substitutes! lf you have been looking around— looking ahead—you may have a worth- while idea, It may be for the house, the farm, the shop; for some new method or some new composition. And if it is worthwhile—if it is practical and new—it may be worth patenting. Our Service to Inventors Since 1898 we have helped inventors protect their rights. The law is designed to protect you, provided you take cer- tain definite steps—and we tell you what these steps are, show you how to take them, render prompt, efficient service. If you have a worthwhile invention, or an idea for one, the facts in the booklets shown on the opposite page will be- in- teresting to you. With them we also send Always Insist on the Advertised Brand! of your invention. These hookl:ts were pre- RE pared to answer the questions which from long experience we know the average inven- tor has in mind. They tell you what to do, when and how to do it. We have endeavored to make them hoth informative and interest- ing. They explain the purpose of the patent laws, how they protect an inventor, what gend Deer an Inve factors to consider when selling an invention, Heiees isted above how to take steps to secure financial assis- tance, and much more. There are many il- lustrations, numerous interesting sidelights on inventive history. We helieve that you will welcome this literature. There is no charge or obligation. Simply mail the coupon on this page or if you prefer, write us with the understanding that all correspondence is abso- lutely confidential, When ‘Avswering Advertisements Please Mention February o ATENI, VICTOR vz, coptes, Of. FFNote: Be ynventio ew im Bide.» Yhleags çooiwori AE. Nionndnod ag., Pit aneso Empire gjdag, SAN Angeles un an ‘Hobart Baas. tonon” and WP Bronchi Secu patent F ed by any books, "Petes suppl "game m Modern Mechanix

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STEP NO. ONE Make a rough pencil sketch of your invention, describe it fully, and send it to us for pre- liminary search through United States Patents in the U. S. Patent Office. STEP NO. TWO Our trained searchers will then make a preliminary search of the pertinent U. S. patents to ,determine if your invention is probably patentable. STEP NO. THREE Our complete report of search and opinion on patentability will be mailed to you with copies of U. S. Patents that we consider nearest to your in- vention. STEP NO. FOUR If you decide to make patent application, for customary fees explained in our booklet, our draftsmen will make drawings and proper papers will be pre- pared, for presentation of your invention to the Patent Examiner in U, S. Patent office. KNOW HOW TO START KNOW EACH STEP TO TAKE Before Going too Far with Your Inventions Very often, the patent procedure is what we call a ‘‘simple’’ one— as illustrated here. Our FREE BOOK, ‘‘Patent Guide for the In- ventor,’’ describes what to do and how to go about it. Send for it by all means—let us urge, however, that you take the first step (Step No. 1 to left) without further delay. It will prevent wasted work, mis-steps, and going ahead ‘‘in the dark’’—your whole patent pro- cedure depends upon the first step, If you have an invention that is patentable—and want to secure for yourself your inventor’s sole right to profit from the invention—you can’t afford to lose time in securing the protection of a U. S. Patent. Other inventors may be working on the same thing right now. Should they develop this invention and file patent application before you do—the burden of establishing priority will be upon you. Our Big Book—‘‘Patent Guide for the Inventor’’—will tell you the quickest possible way to secure Patent Protection for your invention. SEND FOR IT TODAY! Immediate Search Necessary A Search at the U. S. Patent Office will disclose one of three things: That you have hit upon an entirely original invention—that you have suggested patentable improvements upon an existing invention—or that your invention has been anticipated throughout, and you should drop it. You should have this information at once. The next steps (the whole procedure of obtaining a patent) will be thoroughly ex- plained to you in our FREE BOOK. Our FREE BOOK tells everything you need to know about patents. We will mail this book upon receipt of your letter requesting search —or if you want to read it before having search made, simply fill out the coupon on opposite page. FREE RECORD OF INVENTION ° o o This FREE Record of Invention Form en- f ables you to make in convenient form a fe sketch of your invention and have it wit- 2 nessed in a manner of value to you should the occasion for evidence arise. MAIL THE COUPON TODAY and ob- tain our FREE BOOK and Record of Invention Form, CLARENCE A. O'BRIEN & HYMAN BERMAN 317-T Adams Bldg. Washington, D. C. Registered Patent Attorneys Before U. S. Patent Office 12 Accept No Substitutes! Akvays Insist on the Advertised Brand! DELAYS ARE DANGEROUS IN PATENT MATTERS The Free Book shown here was prepared for inventors, to show them exactly what steps they must take to secure a PATENT. ONCE. If you have an invention, It will tell you exactly how an application for a Patent is made, you should send for this book AT what information you must furnish your attorney, and what steps he must take in order to protect your interests. Re- member, inventing an article is one thing —securing the exclusive right to manu- facture it, use it, or sell it is another. Without a U. S. Patent, you cannot expect to reap the profits that your invention may make possible. Send at once for this book. After you get that, you'll know exactly what to do to protect yourself. WHAT A PATENT DOES FOR YOU Every year thousands of Patents are granted. Very few, however, represent the discovery of entirely new principles, Most of them provide new methods of do- ing some everyday thing in a better way —changes for greater efficiency, useful- ness, adaptability, or beauty in some pre- viously Patented thing. These IMPROVE- MENTS are Patentable if new, and ac- tually represent new inventions, These improvement Patents offer large chances for profit if commercially useful. The business world wants improved products and services, WE SERVE YOU QUICKLY AND SECRETLY Anything you write us or send us is strictly confidential between us. AJl letters and drawings are kept in strong, steel, fireproof files, which are open only to ourselves or authorized members of our staff. We have se- cured patents for inventors located in every State in the Union. Our organi- zation is a large and efficient one. Our practice is confined entirely to Patents, Trade-Marks, and Copyrights. We haye had years of experience in Patent Matters. When you place your invention in our hands, we are in posi- tion to proceed at once to secure pro- tection for you. Our fees are reason- able, and, if you desire, we can arrange convenient terms of payment, IMPORTANT! Please understand that you are not under the slightest obligation in send- ing for this book. We will mail it, together with the Record of Invention form, the same day we receive your request. Use the coupon to save your- self time and trouble. After that, you will be in position to proceed or not as you choose, to make your application for a patent. THIS FREE spook eeeoe ells Howf How your Patent Ap- = F plication is made; $ what kind of sketches or drawings are nect- essary; what other papers must be made out; how the Patent Laws protect you; why it is important to avoid loss of time in getting your application filed; and many other important points, Even a very simple in- vention, if new and useful, may prove very valuable. You may havemuch to gain and nothing to lose by sending for this book TODAY. CLARENCE A.O’BRIEN E&E HYMAN BERMAN 317-T Adams Building -_ WASHINGTON, D.C. 2 REGISTERED PATENT ATTORNEYS BEFORE U.S. PATENT OFFICE Please send me at once your Big Free 48-Page Book, “Patent Guide for the Inventor” and your Specially Prepared “Record of Invention” form. This request does not obligate me. When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix 13

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Equipped with ball bearing wheels, this miniature locomotive Pedals as easily as a bicycle. E. L. Bowers, of Los Angeles, Calif., built it from MM plans for little Bobby, 5 years old. NE of our business friends has asked us to pick a list of the most important inventions of the past year. Here’s our nomi- nation: Rust cotton picker, sonic altimeter, telephone photo improvements, bacteria- killing tubes, television advances, new safety auto tires, defrosters and fog dispellers, the roadable autogiro. Also: Metal spectrophotometer, improved steel alloys, advances in Diesels, air con- ditioning, plastics, textiles and glass; the solar heater, improvements in vacuum tubes, the photo-composing machine, power-alcohol plant. With close to 50,000 patents from which to choose, such a list has to be a matter of opinion and we may change ours if we go into this subject further. The merits of the Rust cotton picker, for one, are still a matter of considerable dispute in the South, kkk Topping the list of interesting projects and photos received this month is a letter from E. L. Bowers, of Los Angeles, Calif., who says: Los Angeles, Calif. Dear Editor: Enclosed is a photo of a pedal locomotive made from plans in a recent issue of MM. It was made in a spare room without any special tools. The wheelbase is 60 inches, and the cab stands 42 inches high, Four small children can ride in it, and how 30 they do pedal it around the block, halting traffic and creating great interest. You may be sure that 5-year- old Bobby, for whom it was built, is the most popular boy in Los Angeles. E. L. Bowers. We certainly can appreciate that Bobby is popu- lar in his neighborhood with such a fine model locomotive to travel around in. Mr. Bowers is indeed fortunate to have tackled a project that provides a double measure of satisfaction—the thrill of a workshop project well done, and the pleasure of having constructed something that brings joy to children, A $5 award was sent to Mr. Bowers. Bote To Steele Peterson of Duluth, Minn., goes $3 for his letter and photo of “Skedaddle,” one of the many projects presented in the MM “How To Build 20 Boats” book. He writes: ` Duluth, Minn. Dear Editor: Enclosed are photos of the boat my father and I built from plans in the MM boat book. The boat was com- pleted in six weeks using a limited number of tools. l cannot recall any other constructional project which we so thoroughly enjoyed. The cost of materials was only $30. We launched the boat in a rough sea and were agreeably surprised the way she handled. With a small outboard motor of slightly more than 3 horsepower, we made 12 m.p.h. I am pleased with MM plans because they are so clear that an amateur can easily follow them. I hope to see more plans for small boats in the next edition of your boat book. Steele Peterson, tools, Steele Peterson and his father, of Duluth, Minn., con- structed “‘Skedaddle” from plans printed in MM boat book. Modern Mechanix In the short time of six weeks, using a limited number of Good work, Mr, Peterson. When such a sea- worthy boat can be built for so little money we ean readily understand why so many MM work- shop fans are tackling boat projects at this time. EK From Joseph Lovetri, of Raritan, N. J., comes a letter and photo describing a real good bob-sled project. He says: Raritan, N. J. Dear Editor: Enclosed is a snapshot of my bob-sled. The sled is six feet long and I took your advice about using strap iron for the runners. It makes good speed. This is my third entry in the Workbench contest. I hope it reaches you in time for consideration this month, Joseph Lovetri. The bob-sled is a keen looking job as most MM readers will agree. A $3 prize was awarded for this letter and photo and since it was his third entry it proves that it pays to keep trying. kik Showing aptitude for constructing projects of different types, John Marks, of Somerville, Mass., submitted a letter and photo that won an award of $3. His letter states: Somerville, Mass, Dear Editor: I have been reading MM for many years and think This six-foot bob-sled was built by Joseph Lovetri, of Raritan, N. Featuring an automobile type steering wheel and runners made of strap iron it seats three persons comfortably. February, 1937 Jobn Marks, of Somerville, Mass., exhibits two projects built from MM plans—a compact radio set and a carved model of the ocean liner, Queen Mary, He received orders for 5 models. it is the best magazine of its type. It features plans for things to build that do not require a great expense. As yet, I have not found a single department that I haven't read over and over again. The enclosed photo shows a radio and a model of the "Queen Mary" that I built from MM plans. Since building the “Queen Mary,” I have received orders from five people to build similar models for them so you can see that it must be pretty good. John Marks. Congratulations to Mr. Marks for turning a hobby into profitable channels. We believe that many more MM workshop fans could turn their skill with tools into a source of income if an effort was made. With the money gained, a bigger and better workshop could be set up. Readers who like to build speedsters will like the letter and photo submitted by Joe Lucan, of Wisconsin Rapids, Wis., who was awarded a $3 prize. His interesting letter states: Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. Dear Editor: Enclosed is a photo of my speedster which I built from my own design. The chassis is built entirely [Continued on page 32] 31

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Uncorkin by Dr. Miller McClintock Director, Bureau for Street Traffic Research, Harvard University. MOTOR VEHICLES OF ALL KINDS USING U.S, HIGHWAYS SBR (Bn BR GR Gn GE Fim Gam Ga Goo. in Gap tam am Gan Gan Gan Gm Gan Gap 1936 Gite Gey Gee ro p 150% INCREASE EACH COMPLETE SYMBOL REPRESENTS 1000000 CARS

AVERAGE ROAD SPEEDS

1936 200% INCREASE HOW AND WHY TRAFFIC HAZARDS HAVE INCREASED IN PAST I5 YEARS N IDEA of the problem confronting the traffic engineer may be gained by keep- ing in mind two contrasting pictures: Fifteen years ago there were, roughly, 10,000,000 motor vehicles in this country. Today there are two and a half times that number, Fifteen years ago, and even ten years ago, speed on the road averaged 20 miles an hour. Gradually it went up to 30, then 40, until today speeds of 50 to 60 miles an hour and beyond are considered normal on the open road. Thus, we have two parallel facts: In the past 15 years the automobile population has in- creased by 150 per cent, and the rate at which that wheeled population moves along the highways has jumped from 150 to 200 per cent. As the volume of traffic grew the channels through which it flowed also grew. But they did not grow in a uniform manner, nor as rapidly as the automobile was growing in its speed capabilities. Not that admirable work was not done to have the highway, inherently static, keep pace, as it were, with the faster- developing automobile; the automobile could not have grown in numbers and speed if high- ways had not developed beyond the horse and buggy stage. But it took money and time to lay the highway network of the United States, by far the most extensive in the world. It has taken even more money and time, once 42

g Bottled IS DRIVING RISKS MEDIAL FRICTION OCCURS BETWEEN MEETING ON INNER LANES INTERNAL STREAM FRICTION ~ OCCURS BETWEEN CARS GOING IN SAME DIRECTION BUT AT. DIFFERING SPEED RATIOS ‘TRAFFIC HELD UP TYPICAL SIDE BY "STOP" LIGHT ROAD DELAY INTERSECTIONAL FRICTION OCCURS AT JUNCTIONS WHERE CARS TURNING LEFT FROM WEST TO NORTH AND FROM NORTH TO EAST ADD TO NORMAL CONGESTION MARGINAL FRICTION OCCURS AT EDGES.

Traffi GOOD-NOINTER- SECTIONAL OR DIAL FRICTION WITHIN THE JUNCTION. BUT INTERNAL STREAM, FRICTION IS INCREASED NOTE HOW IN ORDER TO NEGOTIATE INTERSECTION CARS ARE OBLIGED TO GROSS LANES HAMPERING TRAFFIC AND INCREASING INTERNAL-STREAM FRICTION SIX-LANE UNDIVIDED HIGHWAY AFFORDS. AMPLE SPACE FOR OPPOSING LINES OF TRAFFIC BUT DOES NOT REDUCE MEDIAL FRICTION TO ANY APPRECIABLE DEGREE

CARS TURNING LEFT TIE UP AND DELAY EAST AND WEST THROUGH.

KEY TO SYMBOLS USED MMM extrene consestion NORWAL concEsTION — Ag CARS MOVING AT NORMAL SPEED smmm Aa AT REDUCED SPEED Me STOPPED OR PARKED remme mmnm) SPEEDING UP =m} SLOWING pown

CARS MOVE FREELY NORTH AND SOUTH ON LOWER LEVEL,

MARGINAL FRICTION in- volves contact with a person or, object on the edge of the road, It” leads to such accidents as striking a pedestrian, telegraph pole or Top left quarter of parked car, or running into the diagram shows traf- ditch. fic at its worst. INTERNAL-STREAM FRIC- Lower quarter TION involves contact between shows a fair solu- cars moving over a multiple-lane tion, with through highway in the same direction but traffic on lower : road, but danger- ous disadvantages of ordinary junc- tion on upper levels. Modern Mechanix at different speeds, It leads to such accidents as side-swiping a car in passing. TRAFFIC INCREASE COLLISION RISK ~

NOTE -TRAFFIC APPROACHING ON EITHER HIGHWAY AND WISHING TO TURN BACK MUST NEGOTIATE 2 LOOPS OF CLOVER LEAF TO COMPLETE THE MANEUVER. MEDIAL FRICTION ELIMINATED BY. DIVIDING STRIP CAR LEAVES NORTHBOUND} LANES TO TURN WEST OVERPASS HIGHWAY UNDERPASS HIGHWAY

BEST- NO INTER- SECTIONAL AND NO MEDIAL FRICTION. MARGINAL AND INTERNAL STREAM FRICTION ‘ALMOST ENTIRELY, ELIMINATED. MEDIAL FRICTION involves a contact in tha middle of the road, as when two cars from opposite di- reetlons erash head-on. INTERSECTIONAL FRICTION Involves eontaot at Intersections Though theoreti- cally traffic flow never ceases in retary junction (upper right) there is still danger and delay. Cloverleaf where streams from different dl- < rections come together in the cen. juncture of two ter, forming dams and eddies of roads with median traffle, It leads to such aceldents as ramming a car In the side and, in addition, to much confusion and delay. strips (lower right) is traffic at its best. There is no conges- tion, little delay, February, 1937

A “Cloverleaf” type highway at Peranus, N. J.. keeps up with automobile age. With super roadways crossing, safety is assured by this Limited Way. the basic network was finished, to improve the highways to the point where they can accommodate and expedite modern traffic. While the automobile was being improved, the better to serve as a means of transporta- tion, and the highways were being extended and redesigned, the better to fit the modern car, two things were happening. The first, of tragic importance, is that more and more persons were meeting death and injury on the highway. In 1913 all deaths by motor vehicles totaled only 4,200. Five years later the number had multiplied by two and one-half times. Nearly 40,000, more than three and one-half times the 1918 figure, were killed last year. In addition, 105,000 others were crippled permanently and more than 1,000,000 injured. The second was the growing congestion of traffic, particularly in large cities. Conges- tion impairs the use of the automobile, de- feating the very purpose of rapid and free motion for which it was built; it also costs enormously. In New York City alone it has been estimated that delays due to traffic con- gestion cost motor vehicle owners $1,000,000 a day. While dire prophesies of a saturation point for automobiles are no more to be taken seriously today than when we had one-third the number of cars (when such prophesies were most loudly uttered), they point to the need for correction. A man will not want to buy an automobile if he cannot make use of it without undue inconvenience and undue risk, For years everyone has referred to “the stream of traffic’—an inspired popular antici- 43.

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pation of what the traffic engineer has come to consider the basic concept of the traffic situation. Traffic moving over a highway has many of the characteristics of water flowing over a river bed, and it obeys similar prin- ciples of hydraulics. In other words, as traffic speeds along, turning and twisting and stopping and starting, it encounters four types of friction, as outlined on pages 42 and 43. Analysis of thousands of accidents and near-accidents, and of the elements that create confusion and delay on the road, has shown that all of these traffic hazards and inconveniences fall into one or another of these four kinds of friction. With these principles in mind, the traffic engineer today not only can diagnose but prescribe for every traffic ill. The Limited Way is the application of these principles. It is a highway designed to move the greatest volume of traffic rapidly and safely. The Limited Way eliminates medial friction by a raised strip down the center that keeps opposing streams of cars entirely separate. This division of the streams reduces inter- stream friction, since a driver can take his time about passing a car without fear of being struck by an on-coming car. Again, the Limited Way reduces marginal friction by having the edges rounded and raised, so that there is little danger of going off the road; and by a barrier which prevents cars from a side road from cutting into the main stream except gradually. Cars enter the side road from the Limited Way by first going into a deceleration lane at the right. And, lastly, the Limited Way minimizes intersectional friction by making use of the 44 HEAVY SHRUBBERY ABSORES HEAD LIGHT GLARE Ni, RAISED ROUNDED ROAD SHOULDERS fs & SECTION THRU TYPICAL LIMITED HIGH- WAY ILLUSTRATING [TS SAFETY FEATURE Traffic intersection near Engle- wood, N. J., which provides through traffic on both upper and lower highways (left). Below: Germany’s magnificent new speedway, between Frank- fort-on-Main and Darmstadt. Note newly planted foliage in center to absorb glaring lights. clover leaf. The clover leaf represents an evolution similar to that of the straightaway. As traffic volume and the speed of automo- biles grew, it became apparent that the simple junction, with the four streams of traffic—two on each road—cutting across one another on the same level did little to prevent confusion, handmaiden of accidents. The cars stopped by the red signal jam together; cars turn- ing left on the green light block the passage of those trying to move with the signal, while FOCUS LEVEL OF AUTOMOBILE HEADLIGHTS, SECTION THRU NEW GERMAN LIMITED WAY WITH STAGGERED TRAFFIC LANES An American two-way highway, winding over hill and dale. speeds trafic in rural areas on smooth ribbons of concrete. Staggered traffic lanes on Ger- many’s Reichsautobahnen be- tween Munich and Holz- kirchen. Diagram at lower right shows bow blinding lights of passing cars are diffused. both the left turning cars and the right turn- ing cars crowd together, jockeying to get through. The result is often a ram amidships. By depressing one of the highways at the intersection some good was accomplished, for through traffic on the lower level could proceed right along. But cars emerging from the lower level onto the upper must squeeze into the fast moving stream above. Cars on the upper level, making left turns to reach the cross highway, must make an even more difficult maneuver, dodging both the traffic behind them and the opposing traffic, and keeping clear of cars making left turns from the opposing lane. The rotary junction is better, for it elimi- nates the danger of cars approaching at right angles to each other, from which head-on crashes occur. Although, in principle, traffic can move freely around the circle, cars have to swing from one lane to another. The re- sult is generally confusion and delay, and often sideswipes and rear-end smashes. Virtually all these difficulties and risks dis- appear with the clover leaf intersection of the type that New Jersey has pioneered in building, to take care of the immense traffic streams created by the Holland Tunnel and the George Washington Bridge. If the clover leaf junction is of two highways having a raised strip in the middle to divide opposing lines of traffic, then the safest intersection

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THE WORLDS) BIGGEST ARMY Facing war on wide fronts from foes in both Europe and Asia, the Soviet has built up the vastest fighting machine of to- . day. Here is how it works—and : why it might fail. HE chimes in the ancient clock-tower of the Kremlin strike ten. For hours troops have stood in Red Square, shifting their feet for warmth against the cold as they await the arrival of Joseph Stalin and other members of the Communist hierarchy in the reviewing stand atop Lenin’s tomb just across the plaza. No sooner have the chimes ceased than Stalin, accompanied by a dozen dignitaries, appears on the parapet. A black charger, bearing a trim, gray- haired figure in uniform, his sword raised in 50 Brains for the brawn of the mighty Red Army: Seated, (left to right) Tukashevsky, Commis- sar of Defense, a former aristocrat and slated commander-in-chief in case of war; Voroshilov, Commissar of War; Vegesov, chief of staff. Standing, Budonney, chief of Cavalry, and Bleucher, head of Far East Army. Top photo shows peasant cavalry in mountain maneuvers. salute, dashes into the square, passes the line of rigid troops, now at attention, and, wheel- ing up before the reviewing stand, salutes the leaders. Four military bands strike up the “Internationale,” the Communist anthem. When the last notes have died on the winter air there comes from thousands of deep Modern Mechanix by Joseph M. Baird Artillerymen of Workers and Peas- ants Army spot sky raiders. Soviet war machine is prepared to meet air attacke in both Europe and Asia. Below—Bow of a bomber. Soviet pilots have reputation for bravery and skill, but experts criticize slow- ness of planes, calf motors inferior. February, 1937 throats an indescribable roar—a shout of challenge and exultation. The lone rider—Klementi Voroshilov, Commissar of War ~—wheels his horse and dashes to the other end of Red Square. He is presenting to Stalin and the Politbureau a symbol of the giant military machine the Soviet Union has built from the ragged soldiers who crushed Tsardom. From the side of the square opposite Voroshilov there emerge the first marching ranks of the Red Army, clad in greenish drab, their peaked woolen caps emblazoned with a red star. First, infantrymen, thousands and thousands of them, marching across the great plaza whose cobble-stones have been soaked with the blood of Russian warriors since the great stone Kremlin was nothing but a rude, log fortress. They pass in waves for at least an hour, their swords and bayonets flashing in the wan wintry sun. Then comes Budonney’s cavalry, whose history is interwoven with the campaign against General Wrangel and the reconquer- ing of the Ukraine from the Poles. Bands play the “Budonney Cavalry March” and the well-trained horses keep time with the grace and precision of ballet dancers. Now there is a stir among the foreign military attaches who stand in a favored posi- tion just below Lenin’s tomb. What has gone before is mere

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routine to them, for they have seen hundreds of parades. But in the distance sounds the rumble of tanks. How many will there be and of what type? They are keenly inter- ested in the Red Army’s mechanization program. At the last review I witnessed in late 1935 there were about 550 tanks varying in size from the little “whippets” manned by one soldier and carrying only a machine gun, to the mammoths which can crush a stone building and carry a 3-inch cannon. That this number of tanks can be assembled and complete their run through Red Square with only one or two dropping out for repairs attests increasing technical efficiency. Then comes the artillery, the standard types employed by all powers: Searchlight bat- teries, aircraft sound detectors, portable wire- less—nothing unusual in this. Again the military attaches show interest. In the distance they hear the hum of planes. For 20 minutes the sky is darkened by a vast armada—attack planes, observation ships, fast, stream-lined “chasseurs”—but only a few—and then several squadrons of giant four-motored bombers, among the largest military planes in the world. In all, nearly 600 fly overhead, a vast demonstration. But the ability to parade is no criterion of an army’s strength. What is the Red Army? How does it compare with the troops of the Tsar? How would it stand the test of war? As about most things Russian, there is a tendency, even among military men, to go to fanatical extremes in discussing the Red Army. It is either a “formidable menace to the capitalistic world” or “an ill-organized group of peasants with no staff ability.” One difficulty in making any reliable esti- mate of the Red Army’s strength results from the extraordinary secrecy surrounding it. Mystery is in the very soul of Russia, and it has been intensified under the Soviets by their belief that the whole capitalistic world is their enemy. Hence it would be presumptuous to attempt here to give more than a general picture, drawn from the Soviet press, two years of residence in Russia and numerous talks with military attaches. The truth about the Red Army lies some- where between the two extremist estimates cited, Statistically, it is a standing army of 1,350,000 men, the largest personnel in the world. Its soldiers are recruited on a basis of universal, compulsory military service for two years, except in the technical branches, where enlistment may be for as much as four years. Formerly it was organized on a “ter- ritorial” basis—that is, most of its soldiers served in their home districts—but lately it Training of girls like these in parachute jumping is part of Russia’s vast prepared- ness program. Lower photo shows Army tanks lumbering along village road in war practice. Tanks can also swim rivers. has been placed on a “garrison” status, which means that about 75 per cent of the troops are stationed at places of strategic importance. No official figure for Red Army reserves has ever been announced, but a representative of the War Office told the All-Union Executive Committee recently that reserves equalled those of 1914, just before the World War. Then they totalled 10,000,000 men, and that may be taken as a reliable current figure. Russia’s army is highly mechanized; just how highly no one outside the War Office and the Kremlin knows, but as long ago as Janu- ary, 1934, Voroshilov boasted that its mechanization was higher per man-power unit than that of either the British or Ameri- can armies, There may be, of course, a higher percentage of machine guns, tanks and armored cars per man-power unit, without this equipment being equal in quality to that Red soldiers man a machine gun in forest. The best dressed of all the Russians, snow and freezing weather fail to faze them on their icy battlefields. This big gun is easy to un- limber as it lumbers up to firing line on caterpiller wheels. The Red Army, biggest in world, is said to have highest percentage of technical equipment per man of any fighting force. Besides standing army of 1,350,000 men, there are 10,000,000 in reserve. of some of the other armies. A military at- tache of one of the large powers with whom I discussed this question asserted positively that the Russian equipment was inferior in quality. However, he added the point) that, if Russia had sufficient technical equipment, it could make up in sheer quantity what it lacked in quality. In the field of aviation close secrecy also is observed, but here it is possible to be some.- what more specific. A strength of 7,000 planes was announced in November. A figure near that is generally accepted by foreign military attaches in Moscow. Russian pilots. have a reputation for bravery, skill, quick-thinking and prompt nervous reflexes—the qualities of an excellent flier, But, in the opinion of foreign military men, the material of the Russian air force is considerably inferior to that of Germany, Italy, Great Britain and the United States. Indeed, Voroshilov has publicly admitted that the great weakness of the air force is the inferior quality of its motors. Russia has imported some foreign engines, but manu- factures nothing comparable to the 1,250- horsepower giants which drive the latest types of American military planes. The Soviet state, probably because of the threat of prompt retaliation by air which it wants to hold over Japan to discourage that country from invading Siberia, has placed great emphasis on heavy bombers. I have seen in the air at one time as many as three squadrons of these giant, four-motored ships with a tremendous bomb carrying capacity, and they came from a single field in European Russia. It is understood that most of them are statjoned in the Far East, in the area around Vladivostok. They are capable of [Continued on page 138]

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IKE a roaring cyclone, a 75,000,000 cubic foot gas well three miles off shore in Lake Maracaibo, famous Venezuela oi! region, prematurely blew in wild and caught fire, a huge weaving 200-foot torch blazing out of the water. The raging fury offered a problem local engineers could not solve. Capping a wild gasser on land is difficult enough, but one out in the water had even the experts stumped. , In the excitement someone thought of Myron M. Kinley, oil well fire fighter of Houston, Texas. “Get Kinley!” is the cry in the oil fields of the world when anything goes wrong and fire breaks out. Immediately the radio splut- tered an SOS to Kinley, and a few hours later he and his brother, Floyd, of Tulsa, Oklahoma, were on their way by plane to tame the wild geyser, which belonged to the Largo Petroleum Co., a subsidiary of Stand- ard Oil. While the brothers were enroute the big gasser unexpectedly turned into a 6,000-bar- rel oil well and, of course, blazing. This changed the problem. When the Kinleys reached Maracaibo and saw what they had to tackle they decided that Oil well blazing in Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, with flames shooting 200 feet in air (left); below, the Kinley brothers, in asbestos suits, pull out hot metal to prevent fire recurring after flames are extinguished by “bombs.” Going to work in asbestos suits, daredevil flame-eaters are happily at home in the raging infernos of Nature gone wild, and danger only adds zest to their lives. by Gerald F. Benedict the only thing to do was to let the well burn while they devised a way to stop it. What they did amazed en- gineers and, when it was all over, even the Kinleys were surprised themselves ' at their success. Picking up a huge 94-foot, 25,000- pound derrick in a single piece, they towed it intact on three barges to a spot 600 feet from the blazing well. & Then they drilled an. offset well, slanting to the base of the blaze. Tap- ping the oil sand at the bottom and pumping mud and water at the base of the fiery geyser, they automatically shut off the flow of oil. Next the Kinleys placed a special cap, set in cement, at the mouth of the well to prevent oil from seeping into the lake when the well was re-opened * FIGHTING OIL WELL FIRES Myron M. Kinley, world’s most famous oil well fire fighter and (inset) Tex Thornton, another man at home in a roaring inferno. and placed on production. As the brothers frantically dug into the lake bottom to douse the geyser, there was always the threat that flaming oil would pour onto the surface of the lake, with staggering damage. It had happened once before in the case of another well, and the oil companies were swamped with law suits after the burning oil had traveled over the water to the city of Maracaibo, with a population of more than 100,000, and nearly wiped it out in addition to damaging 59

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S w Derrick floor of a drilling well. Heavy equipment is often blown sky high by premature wells, and in case of fire is molten and must be removed. a dozen other beach towns along the way. Their unique fire fighting feat accom- plished, Floyd casually admitted that he, guessed an entire steel derrick had not before been hauled to the scene by barge. To this engineers agreed. The usual method of moving rigs of such huge dimensions is to tear them down and rebuild them on the new site. It generally requires a week to tear down and another week to rebuild, but a high powered crew has been known to de- molish and re-erect a derrick on land in 48 hours. It would have been next to impossible to do this in water. Answering long distance fire alarms is nothing new to the Kinleys. They have tamed a hundred oil and gas well fires in American fields, while Myron also has sub- dued fires in Mexico, the Argentine, Colombia and Roumania. The Venezuela expedition was Floyd's first trip to a foreign field. 60 Myron Kinley first came into international fame following his successful six months’ battle with the world’s most famous oil well fire—that of the Standard Oil well in Moreni, Roumania—which burned for 18 months, kill- ing nine men and injuring scores of others before Kinley took charge. Traveling with full equipment by land, sea and air from his office in Houston to Roumania, Kinley made the longest fire run on record—7,000 miles. Something of the problem confronting Kinley in extinguishing the man-made volcano in Roumania may be imagined if you can visualize a crater 260 feet in diameter at the surface in which a blaze 60 feet wide sends a steady, roaring flame 30 feet over the top of the crater. Developing a temperature of 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit, the fire consumed 250,000,000 cubic feet of gas a day, a supply sufficient to meet the entire domestic needs of Detroit, Michigan, for ten days. Recalling that job recently, Kinley said: “That fire was the meanest I ever worked on. The well caught fire on May 22, 1929, and burned until November 4, 1931. Tunnels, dug to tap the gas flow from beneath the surface, had caved in and gas seeped through the ground in a wide area and spread the blaze. But it wouldn’t have been so bad if we hadn’t been delayed so Floyd Kinley, chief as- sistant to his famous brother. At right is blazing well in Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, whichthe Kinley brothers put out, teans- porting 25,000-pound steel derrick intact to scene of action, an en- gineering feat which was unusuel in itself. = Modern Mechanix much by Government red tape. Old World superstitions about fooling with the phenom- enon of Nature added to the difficulty. We had to show this and that committee that we could put out fire with explosives. Fear and ignorance played its part. Danger, ingenuity, perseverence and the help of the Lord, ac- cording to the Roumanian papers, were com- bined in extinguishing the blaze. They should have included the King, too, for it was not until the arguments were ended by his decree that we finally were able to get to work, “After shooting the walls of the crater with innumerable charges which smothered the outer blaze with mud and dirt, we succeeded in installing a 30-foot metal stack in a manner that drew the flames to a central point. Several times after the fire had been snuffed out, it re-ignited from the hot ground and pieces of molten metal we could not remove. When the fire finally was definitely out, we connected the gas flow to the lines of a gaso- line plant, and it is still functioning.” But what causes these dread fires? As the well is drilled, casing pipe is inserted to protect the hole from water seepage and cave-ins. When the oil or gas sand is reached, the drilling tools are withdrawn and control valves placed on top of the casing and con- nected with storage tanks. This is done just before drilling into oil or gas sand be- cause, as a rule, oil or gas does not immediately flow when sand is struck. It is the well shooter’s job to tap this February, 1937 sand. Oil sand is like a sponge, and may be from three to 150 feet thick. From five to 300 quarts of nitroglycerin are lowered down the casing to the well’s bottom and set off. The explosion breaks up the oil sand, so that it releases the oil much as a soaked sponge releases water when pressed. Gas pressure pushes the oil to the surface and, as the oil comes up, the valves are adjusted and the well becomes a producer. However, there are times when wells come in prematurely, without the need of explosives and before the tools are out of the shaft or the valves installed. It is not unusual for drilling tools, weighing tons, to be blown through the top of a 120-foot derrick by the gas, which often reaches a pressure of 3,000 pounds to the square inch. This, of course, means the well is out of control, and there is always the threat of fire which may instantly reach a temperature of from 300 to 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit, burning the derrick like a paper bag in a furnace and reducing the steel and iron equipment to a glowing mass of metal. Oil well fires can be caused in a number of [Continued on page 118] This oil well fire in Roumania blazed for 18 months, killing nine men and injuring scores. Myron Kinley, answering the longest fire run on record—7,000 miles—finally put it out after the King cut red tape, gave him a free hand against the superstitious natives and dubious, busybody officials. 61

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SELECTIVE TRIGGERS PERMIT EITHER ION RISKS ARE MINIMIZED 5 i FLIGHT PATH OF INBOUND TRIP A RED OR A GREEN BEAM TO BE TRAIN- How COLLIS AJA FRIGHT PATH OF INBOUND. TRIP ss

een ua iene SEAT —<_— -ED ON THE PILOT TO BE SIGNALLED SHIPS ARRIVING AND DEPARTING ON THE A p are Pe a g i S -e oe PILOT REPORTS POSITION, ALTITUDE SAME AIRWAY ARE VERBALLY ADVISED. — AND ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL k THE CORRECT ALTITUDE TO ASSUME SIGHTING TUBE INORDER TO BE "IN THE CLEAR” “Hell H G, BEAM IS

FLIGHT PATH OF OUTBOUND TRIP THE TRAFFIC BEAM OR VISUAL SIGNAL 1s USED TO REGULATE ALL NON-RADIO EQUIPPED TRAFFIC ENTERING OR LEAVING NEWARK \ ERRE ae VERING TO F EFFECT LANDING ni - pupe a VISIBLE s MILES : Se" “pots INFORMED oF aa Ok. Newark—" THAN 6 AT NIGHT./ THEIR PROXIMITY TO Shee # “All clear? Can I land?” Hundreds of times daily the Newark Airport Controller must answer these radio- phone questions from pilots.

by Douglas Rolfe ANEMOMETER EASTERN T.WA(TOP) (WIND VELOCITY) AIR LINES _ UNITED(BELOW) LIGHT CONTROL SWITCH PANEL. ITINERANT FLIERS

ALTIMETER & BAROMETER UNITEDAIRLINES STAND-BY SET ITERPHONE ELO ANEMOSCOPE, (WIND DIRECTION)

KEY TO RADIOPHONE EQUIPMENT RECEIVING SETS ONLY. SEPARATE SPEAKERS ‘SPEAKERS ATTACHED EERE Above—Floor plan of Traffic Control Tower showing layout of the equipment. Left— From the tower, the Traffic Controller has an unobstructed view of the sky and field. He contacts all planes.

EWARK AIRPORT—busiest air terminal in the United States, if not the entire world—is equipped with every device known to science for the efficient control of air traffic. The huge air liners of the United, TWA, American Airways, and Eastern Air Lines are enabled to arrive and depart with a maximum of safety and minimum loss of time. Itinerant private and commercial planes are also efficiently controlled at this most modern airport. A small glass enclosure atop the Administration Building houses the Traffic Controller and his assistant who have an unobstructed view of the field and sky in every direction. Two The base of the Traffic Con- teol Tower forms the Airways Control Room. Charts showing position of planes en route are plotted every 15 minutes. 64 Modern Mechanix Paai TES ONE ANOTHER BY THE a CONTROL TRAFFIC CONTROLLER, ~^ z eco et LAST RADIO MARKER ___ EN ROUTE TO AIRPORT =f

Se ey ey sate ea -a l

| usne re IA R VISUAL SIGNAL iB : p

TRANSMITTER INSIDE THE CONTROL TOWER HE TRAFFIC CONTROLLER USING = A TWO-WAY RADIOPHONE TO Di- RECT MOVEMENTS INTO AND OUT F THE PORT. THE TOWER IS NOR- MANNED BYA CREW OF 2.

The Traffic Controller at Newark Airport uses radiophone and light beams to direct air traffic. Planes are advised when to land ot take off. Pilots without radio equipment ate advised by red or green light beams directed at plane. men are on duty night and day. An Airways Control Room is located in the base of the Traffic Controller’s tower. Here, the radio- phone reports from planes en route are re- ceived and charts showing the approximate position, speed, and altitude of every plane in transit are plotted at 15 minute intervals. Incoming planes radio their approach to the field and the Traffic Controller, informed by the “AC” room as to the nearness of other February, 1937 approaching planes, radios back directions as to what altitude to approach the field at, weather conditions, direction of wind, ete. Approaching the field at the specified alti- tude, the pilot soon receives a message that the field is “clear” and a landing can be made. Outgoing planes are informed as to when they can take off and what altitude must be reached before a turn onto the desired course is permissible. Collision danger is eliminated. 6 om

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Miles of thin steel sheets being rolled out to be tin-plated and turned into “tin cans” destined to supply the tables of the nation with everything from soup and fish to beer. UT all the tin plate used annually to make the tin cans of America into a strip one foot wide and you can wind that strip around the earth fourteen times. ' Or, to visualize it another way, take the five billion odd square feet of tin plate into which we put our fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, beer, paint, oil. candy, cheese and tobacco each year and it would be a simple matter to can the moon. You'd have the biggest cheese can ever made, and still have a lot of tin plate left over. The vastness of tin can production has brought this familiar article into the lives of nearly every American family, for it is in this country that the great- est volume of tin cans is produced. A good year will find between eight and nine billion cans for the food racks of this country and this is the business that accounts for the major percentage of cans. Yet, what we call a tin can is not a tin can atall. The lowly tin can—nemesis of the alley cat, object of fun and ridicule—is made of a thin strip of steel, with a film of tin on its outer surface. The tin can is slightly more than 98% steel; slightly less than 2% tin. In America we refer to the “can” or the “tin can” and to “canned goods” or “canned 68 A can of beer these days is a far cry from that long dead era when “rushing the growler” was something pretty vulgar, This is a summer scene on New York’s swank Fifth Ave. foods”; in England the term is the “tin” or “tinned foods.” But “tin can” is decidedly a misnomer. We might as reasonably call our bathtubs “enamels.” This is how it came about. Back in the early eighteen hundreds metal food containers were being developed—the ancestors of today’s tin can. They were known as tin Modern Mechanix What makes the “tin can” tin—tinning machines plating sheets of steel to supply the big canning industries. by Nelson H. Budd An antique can of corn, the gtanddaddy of today’s stream- lined can (right). This relic of the present industry was handmade in a Maine cannery. February, 1937 Napoleon, defeated by Nature—his armies starved on retreat from Moscow, first dreamed of victories by preserving food to feed his men. Had canned rations been available he might have conquered world. canisters. Copies of the yellowed order books of the salesmen show that they almost always abbreviated their notes, as “tin cans.” or “cans.” And thus the word got into the ver- nacular to stay. Every now and then a new canned product seizes public ‘acceptance and shoots the manufacture’ of cans up into the millions. Within the past two years beer in cans has swept the country. Since this has occurred, the consumption of packaged beer, which formerly stood at 25% of the total output, has risen to 35%. The phenomenal success of beer in cans has led vineyardists to the conclusion that wine also can become a profitable and popu- lar tinned product. Nine wineries, alarmed at the present ex- orbitant prices of their product in highly- 69

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Conveyer belt carrying empty cans to the produc- tion line in Hawaiian Pineapple Company, Ltd., cannery. At right, tomato inspection line in Kemp Brothers’ Packing Company in Maryland. taxed liquor stores, which have tended to swing purchases in favor or beer and hard liquor, plan to encourage consumption of domestic wine by offering it inexpensively in cans in grocery stores as an adjunct to the home menus. The entire history of the tin can is dotted with revolutionary occurrences of this nature. In fact, the chronology of can making is com- pletely tied up with the history of canning. The two are inter-dependent, like the chicken and the egg. Which came first, manufacture of canned foods or manufacture of containers to hold them? As a matter of fact, the two have grown to man’s estate, in perfect pace. Each has contributed to the other's growth. An improved canning process might bring a new food into the market, thus creat- ing demand for millions more cans. Or an improvement in actual can manufacture would in turn make possible new production volume in canned foods. The phenomenal growth of the manufacture of tin cans has been caused by the increase in canned foods consumption, and it works both ways. No history of the tin can is possible without bringing in alongside it, the history of the art of canning. The tin can is chiefly important because it makes possible what the inventor of the method of food preserving set out to ac- complish 140 years ago—a way to cook food and to contain it, so that it would be edible for long periods of time. The method of preserving food originated in France; the method of manufacturing the tin can, in England; but the development, both of food preservation and can construction to today’s remarkable status, is American. 70 Nicolas Appert, who invented the canning procese in 1809, in a hope to feed Napoleon’s huge armies. Back in 1795 nearly every nation in Europe was fighting France and she had revolution at home. The Government needed some method of feeding its armies abroad and its sailors at sea. Scurvy ravaged the sailors; foraging was not always feasible in the Napoleonic campaigns. A prize was offered to the Frenchman who would solve the prob- lem. It was won by Nicolas Appert in 1809, though he’d been working on it long before the prize was offered. He was the Father of Canning and there- fore, the Father of the Tin Can, although his first experiments were performed with glass jars and bottles, closed with corks. Appert’s theory, worked out long before Pasteur. is Modern Mechanix the theory still followed by commercial can- ners today. He sterilized the food by heat and he sealed the container hermetically. Though his apparatus was crude and awk- ward, he was painstaking and thorough, and he perfected a theory, and put it to the test that has proved one of the greatest benefac- tions to mankind’s comfort and health. In the fourth edition of Appert’s treatise on his new method of preserving foods he mentions the use of canisters. But the French were poor artisans in tin and Appert had to make them in his own factory. He had tin plate of poor quality and numerous other difficulties, and though he applied his best resources to the problem, Appert’s real con- tribution was the all important method of These three, snapped as they strolled the board walk in Atlantic City in 1923, are the men who put over the modern can. Left to right, George Cobb. Sr., the late Charles Ams and the late Wil- liam Y. Bogle. Racks of cans cooling after cooking (center of page). Workman of Hawaiian Pineapple Company, Ltd., conveying the filled cans to the storercom, while photo at right is typical scene in storage where cans await fancy labels. February, 1937 processing foods, rather than the invention or development of the container. While Appert was thus engaged, an Englishman named Peter Durand obtained a patent in 1810 for a tin. plate canister. Now we see the first tin can emerging out of his- tory. It was cylindrical, like the one we see coloring our grocery and pantry shelves today, but was made entirely by hand. The

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Long Island Plant of Pennsy]- vania, Greatest Passenger Yard in World, Achieves Hourly Miracles Oiling, Cleaning, Refrigerating. Re- pairing Its Array of Stream- lined Marvels. by Brian Hayward HAT happens to the train when you leave it at the terminal? In earlier days it wasn't necessary to ask such a question. A clanking old switcher hooked on to the line of cars and yanked them out into the adjacent yard in full view, there to reach bake oven temperature in the summer sun or to become traveling refrigerators in winter. The terminal was then literally the end of the road and the engine of your train was right at tail’s end when it stopped in the depot. But modern railway terminals are in the center of big cities where land costs for the several hundred acres necessary for a present day railroad yard are prohibitive. Trains have to go elsewhere to the cleaners and the aH ann AT SUNNYSIDE them before they again appear in the terminal headed in the other direction—west or south. Suppose you have. just come in on the Pennsylvania’s crack No. 28, the sixteen-and- a-half hour Broadway Limited from Chicago. What becomes of it before it again appears in the Penn Station as No. 29 headed West? Odd numbers are west or southbound— even numbers east or northbound trains. When the engineer of a stalled train whistles his rear end brakeman back aboard, he blows five blasts if west or southbound, four if headed the other way. In an old terminal the passengers walked the length of the platform, passed the big steamer with its compressor chugging as if the engine were actually panting. Instead of departing horizontally on the same level as the train, he now leaves by the nearest stair- way and comes out into daylight two flights above. The 4,600 h.p. streamlined electric that picked up his flyer at Paoli is so far up ahead in the recesses of the great underground sta- tion that he never sees it. But as soon as he ` ahi i Above—J, D. Maple, “H” i twenty to thirty other trades that service Yed Passenger Conductor Abarim n" rower eoumungise at the Sunnyside, L. I. EEN tower that controls train movements Yard of the Pennsylvania gmi E , i from Long Island into the Pennsyl- R. R. since it opened in a yania Station in the heart of New 1910, guides a train onto a > York City. The trains are routed to service track for inspection. = > teacks beneath East River. Under- KN ground route is 41% miles lòng. Left---Bach day 200 trains are inspected, repaired, cleaned, and provisioned at Sunnyside. Right—A typical day's work.

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Supplies to provision hundreds of dining cars are kept in a Trucks carry supplies to waiting commissary at Sunnyside. R. diners feed 10,000 travelers daily. and the rest of them have departed, it con- tinues its eastbound trip through a 100 million dollar system of under river tunnels for an- other 4% miles until it rounds the loop and stops on one of the 75 tracks of Sunnyside— the world’s largest railroad passenger yard. Sunnyside is a pretty sizable community in itself—one of those self-contained organi- zations where everybody works-——-whose ac- tivities go on apace 24 hours a day every day in the year. It is but one of the many impor- tant features of raijvoad service that the passenger never sees but one so essential to modern railroading that a breakdown here would mean the disruption of operations to a great extent on some 700 miles of main line, chiefly between New York, Washington, Harrisburg and Pittsburgh. It handles an average of 200 trains a day, or a little better than four in and out every hour, the day’s peak being reached between 3 and 8 p. m., when five to six arrive and depart each hour. With the exception of the hourly Philadelphia expresses during business hours, these are chiefly heavy limited trains, most of. them with club, diner, observation and baggage or mail cars in addition to their lines of ten to twelve or more sleepers. In addition to its daily peak, the yard has week-end and holi- day peaks, When No. 28 reaches Sunnyside the 640,000-pound streamlined electric that hauled it at a ninety-mile clip on its last lap, is uncoupled and goes to the engine house for inspection, oiling and any adjustments or re- Left—The wheel shop in Sunnyside Yard. showing a wheel turning lathe “turning down” wheels. Car wheels are “shaved” or turned down #%” at regular periods to insure smooth riding. Below—Supplying Pullmans with ice for cars that have no power air conditioners. Above—A car-cleaning crew at work. Cara are cleaned thoroughly inside and out, even to the extent of washing the cars in oxalic acid. Right—J. J. McGann is Yardmaster at Sunnyside Yard, a job involving the solution to many problems that arise. He has a corps of experienced assistants. pairs that may be necessary. Next it goes to the bunkering station to take on fuel and water just as the steamer does. The electric locomotive heats the train in cold weather from an oil-fired steam boiler, utilizing the standard heating equipment of the cars, as does the steam locomotive when it takes hold. So the next time you see the very latest thing in electric locomotives blowing off steam, don’t be alarmed—it hasn’t mistaken its an- cestry and it doesn’t carry a steam-driven plant to supply the juice that runs it—it’s just a heating unit rarin’ to be hooked on to its line of radiators. Having been inspected, oiled and watered, ue a the huge, high-speed power unit, almost as long as a modern sleeper, makes its last lap down the yard to be “sanded.” More than a ton of fine-screened, baked-dry sand is shot over from the sand house by compressed air through pipe lines into its six sand bunkers and it’s all set to go. The westerly switch tower, whose operator weaves the outgoing ends of any combination of the twenty-five to thirty miles of yard tracks into two de- parting strands at will, shunts it to the head / of No. 29, and forty-five minutes in advance of the “all aboard” hour at the Penn Station, it once more dives under the mud and rock of the East River on its way west. While the locomotive has been undergoing all this servicing what has happened to the train itself? The moment the engine pulls [Continued on page 128]

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COLLECTORS VIE Weird and amusing coin devices of last century are now rated real “Americana” by the connoisseurs. by The very rare “Giant” The penny plops into thi: zis p d bank. He waves his one, a spring is pushed and the little gir! turns to get Elmer Rand Jacobs, vice- assorted candy on a tray. president of Seamen's Bank for Savings in New York, who is a leading collector of penny banks, now classed as “Americana.” Three prizes in his collec- tion are shown in this page. arms, wiggles his jaw." for PENNY jumps at a man and seizes the coin which he holds in his hand. In his travels Mr. Jacobs is always on the lookout for new and unusual specimens. While in Mexico he picked up several banks made in recent years but carefully imitating the old Aztec designs in calendar stone. An- other bank is of Spanish origin. Mr. Jacobs has had printed an illustrated list as a guide to those interested in looking at the collection of juvenile banks on perma- nent display at the Seamen’s Bank, and he maintains that he has made more converts to the hobby than anyone else. Although he dis- claims the honor of being the first collector of these banks, he is one of the pioneers. Another pioneer col- lection is to be found at the Boston Five Cents Savings Bank, This consists of 172 banks, BANKS many of them mechanical, some of them rare, which were collected by Wilmot R. Evans, former president of the bank, and which came to the bank through his estate. The third of the triumvirate of pioneer collectors is Andrew Emerine, of Fostoria, Ohio. Mr. Emerine has a very good collection of both mechanical and non-mechanical banks, among them the “Girl Jumping Rope.” In this bank the coin is inserted in a slot, and when a lever is pressed the girl jumps rope, moving head and feet and causing the coin to fall into the bank, Another interesting bank in Mr. Emerine’s collection is the “Circus Bank,” in which a clown drives a cart and horse around a ring. Another Ohio collector is James C. Jones, of Cleve- land Heights, who has some interesting and rare mechanical banks. One of these, the “Mikado” bank, was designed to take the se m UDGING from the number and variety of small coin banks made during the 1800’s we might conclude that saving pennies was the chief indoor sport of the last century. Coin banks were made in tin, iron, brass, wood, leather, glass, pottery, and even silver and pewter, fashioned into all manner of shapes—crude, unique, or beautiful. Now these little banks are classed as “Americana” and are being eagerly sought by collectors. This fad is of comparatively recent origin, and among the first enthusiasts is Elmer Rand Jacobs, vice president and comptroller of the Seamen’s Bank for Savings in New York City. 80 “Professor Pugfrog’s Great Bicycle Feat.” In this bank the wheel spins and tosses the coin into the basket held by the laughing clown. One of the prizes of Mr. Jacob’s collection is the very rare “Giant” bank. This giant moves both arms and jaw. Another is the confectionery store bank, representing boxes of candy on shelves. When a spring is oper- ated a girl turns around and receives candy on a tray. One peculiar bank is a wind-up mechanical device in which a savage dog Modern Mechanix The "Mikado Bank” in collection of James C. Jones of Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The figure hides the penny, like a shell game artist, and makes it vanish. The clown stands on his head and the globe revolves when penny is put into this rare bank owned by Dr. A. E. Corby, who has one of the largest collections. February, 1937 a. Walter P. Chrysler, an avid collector, and his “Bull and Bear” bank, left. When coin drops, the indicator swings to either bull or bear, suggesting which way the market is liable to go. 81

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HILE to a certain extent there is a great similarity in the manner in which trout take the lures in various parts of the United States and Canada, it is a fact that different sections of the country require different tackle, and, to a certain extent, different lures. Big trout in Lake Edward of Quebec province and other streams and lakes of that region rarely are found on the surface feed- ing on flies until the 20th of May, with June the best possible month. Although the sea- son on trout in Quebec opens on May first it is generally not until between the fifth and fifteenth of the month of May that the ice is out, Thereafter follows a space of time when the trout lie low, and close to the bottom, finally coming to the surface in late May. The season of surface feeding in this province, and therefore fly nshing on the surface, is very short. In fact, about the first of July, strange as it may seem, the trout begin their move- ment down into deep water. Thus, even as early as July it will be found that surface flies Circle—A full creel of high altitude trout from Rush Creek in Southern California. The speckled beauties average 8 to 10 inches. Below—Flies recommended by the author. WHITE, MILLER KING BUCKTAIL FLY 86 ‘ly Fishing Fro > =Sa Š 7 USS Knowing What Kind Of Flies To Use Is Just As Important As Having A Good Rod And Reel. In This Article, Robert Page Lincoln Tells You About Flies That Will Tempt The Finny Tribe. of the artificial variety will prove inadequate and it is only by trolling and the use of live bait, played deep, that one has any real sport and acquires the fish he is after. To a cer- tain extent the same is true of New Bruns- wick streams, although there they are on the surface longer. Rangeley Lake and other famous streams and lakes in Maine are best fished at the first part of the season’s opening, and again during the last part of the month of August. In fact it may be said that the best trout fishing in Maine is during the month of August. It can be said with every degree of truth that the further north you go (as into Quebec province), the more untutored are the trout. In New York state, where the streams and lakes are extensively fished, small flies, and especially dry flies, are much used. Whereas = 3 Coast to Co BLACK GNAT by Robert Page Lincoln your flies on New York waters will have to be selected in small sizes, the No. 12 is most generally used, with flies still smaller to be used for the so-called “educated” trout, As opposed to this the “uneducated” trout of Quebec, New Brunswick, and, to some extent, in parts of Maine, the flies best used are quite large. In fact, those tied to.Nos. 3 and 5 hooks are recommended. Favorite Quebec and New. Brunswick flies in the wet fly class are the Professor, Queen of the Waters, Grizzly King, Gray and Green Drakes, Montreal, Silver Doctor, Coachman, the various Hackles and the Scarlet Ibis, Northern trout (Canadian trout) seem to like the bright colored flies, whereas these same flies in New York and other waters deeper down, are likely to be given comparatively little atten- tion, The five best true and tried wet fly patterns for use in the streams and ponds of Maine are the Montreal, the Silver Doctor, the Parma- chene Belle, Brown Hackle and Grizzly King. Best flies for New York are the Coachman, Brown Hackle, Professor, Green Drake and Grizzly King. The trout waters that flow eastward into the Atlantic in the Allenghany region, taking in Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania and New York up to Lake Ontario, afford their best trout fishing from around early April to the end of June. The fishing in these sections has a far earlier start than in any other section of the country, being in the eastern temperate zone. Bait fishing is followed up in these sec- ROYAL COACHMAN BROWN HACKLE [= Tu a i K a A Par ji ie i i tions during April, while fly fishing starts in May. In some of the mountain lakes, ponds and streams in this section it will be found that various minnow lures, showing a silvery belly, are especially good. This is especially true in the Adirondacks in some sections of which trout practically refuse all manner of flies, but are taken on these imitation min- nows. The chief dry fly fishing streams in the eastern part of the country are found in the state of New York, principally in Sulli- van, Orange and Delaware counties of that state. Unexcelled New York dry flies are the Brown Bi-visible, the Fanwing Royal Coachman, Cahill Light, Hendrickson Dark, Wickham’s Fancy and the Yellow May. For the whole eastern part of the United States, in trout territory, it is possible that the Brown Bi-visible would lay just claim to being the best all-around dry fly, added to which it might also be stated that the Brown Hackle and the Light Cahill are the two best all- around wet flies. Pike and Wayne counties in Pennsylvania are choice trout fishing sections that are an- [Continued on page 120] > fa] (4 PARMACHEENE BELLE } Q. SILVER DOCTOR YELLOW

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A BOB-SLED FOR WINTER Here is the completed bob-sled ready for its firat trial run, Although shown without it, a stream- lined front and torpedo stern may be added to sled in manner indicated in the diagrams shown below. = 24$- ga" CROSS MEMBER FOOT-BOARD SUPPORT | 1X4" (3 READ. "3/16" X "STEEL. BAR (4 REQD) Sia Tia Pe “Top | view 9 1 2 SCALE TN 20" DIAM. STEERING WHEEL Fi LENGTH Ped asf TOSUIT SN — I i 144"- OVERALL LENGTH OF CHASSIS —— 119$'- CENTER TO CENTER OF THE RUNNERS ———— FORM STREAMLINED TAIL TO CHASSIS SIDE BOARD, ZAGA, SHEET METAL AIRFLOW" SUIT FROM 26 GA. SHEET METAL | SHAPE FROM I* PINE NOSE COWLING(ROLL ALL EDGES) SIDE VIEW CHAIN BRAKE RELEASE RING ROLL ALL EDGES EE DETAIL s OF BENO CLEVIS FORTOW 3/8" CRS. STAY ROD SEE FIG.3 FOR DETAIL | OF FRONT RUNNERS & FLEXIBLE SUSPENSION HEAVY LOG CHAIN EACH SIDE LOWER TO EFFECT BRAKING. TURNBUCKLE 3/8" THREAD SEE FIG.4 FOR DETAILS OF REAR RUNNER SUSPENSION. FIG.| BODY PLAN AND GENERAL MEASUREMENTS If these body plans are carefully followed during construction the builder will have no difficulty in duplicating original sted. by Dick Cole ERE is a bob-sled which will please the fancy of any winter sport enthusiast. It combines all the desirable features de- manded in a bob-sled: light weight, strength, comfort, safety, ease of control and Class. Figure 1 shows the general detail which will orient the prospective builder with the special features, general assembly and salient dimensions. At first glance one is impressed with its speedy appearance. Now look at the front runner assembly, and note that it is connected to the steering shaft with a uni- versal joint. This is shown in assembly form in Figure 3. The joint is of the fabric disc type, prevalent on many cars several years ago. It permits the front runners to pitch and ee cnn This front-end view shows the steering gear assembly. The steering shaft is held rigidly erect by a length of 12-inch pipe and a floor flange mounted on top of chassis board. Steering wheel connects to front runners through universal joint disc. 90° Modern Mechanix DRILL AND g COUNTERSINK FOR #12 WOODSCREWS OT-BOARD SUPPORTS MAKE 4 OF 3/16" XI" S. BAR ROD CROSS MEMBER SEE DETAIL SIDE BOARD ABOVE FOR THE SIMPLE ANCHORAGE OF FOOT-BOARD AND STAY ROD EXTREMITIES NOTCH FOR TURNBUCKLE ——~ FIG.2 CHASSIS BOARD AND FOOT BOARD ASSEMBLY DETAILS E 5/8" BOLT > BOLT TO UNDER TOP-BOARD snow. sA RECEIVE susmowooo WEDGE STAY ROD Atm 3/16" X 2" SPRING LEAF SPACE ABOUT EF APART "ROD THREADED BOTH ENDS 1/2" BUSHES WASHER Beno 7% FIG.4- REAR SLED SUSPENSION DETAIL to rock through an angle of about fifteen de- grees without the slightest lost motion, or lash, in the steering shaft itself. The parts needed for this can be picked up at any auto wrecking yard for a few cents. Now for the back runner assembly. Note that it is connected to the chassis board with spring leaves, which contribute flexibility to the bob-sled. The “flexible” feature adds to the safety, as well as to the comfort, of the riders. If a bob-sled is too rigid it is likely to be upset if the runners on one side hit a hummock of ice. This bob-sled rides the hummocks like a knee-action car. It might be well to explain the reason for the turnbuckles underneath the middle of the bob-sled. These provide adjustment to two 3%” stay-rods which pass completely under the chassis and contribute great strength and rigidity to the structure. Their use permits the use of a light weight chassis board, only 1%” thick, instead of the use of a heavy, non- reinforced plank. The construction of the February, 1937 NOTCH FOR: BEND AND RE- INEORCE s { "FOOT BOARG “DETAIL This streamlined knee-action bob-sled provides new winter sports thrills. It comfortably seats ten adult riders. IS CHASSIS TOP a yn BOARD STEERING SHAFT SAAS) STEERING HOUSING ['/a" IRON A SHAFT PIPE LENGTH TO SUIT may Ìle" FLOOR WASHER ———>=(@5) FLANGE BOLT = TO TOP BOARD ®© IRON PIPE jA SPACER K FLOOR FLANGE WELDED TO SHAFT ` SEE DETAIL aiei Sr Bian AL FLANGE AND — RUNNER FLANGE A! us Reba Blockage _ASSEMBLY 3/8" ROD: INDICATED ree x ny Bal BOARD thax 134" aK CROSS PIECES: MORTISE, 8'X 13/8 TENON Peen FIG.3 STEERING BORED JOINT ASSEMBLY The universal steering assembly is clearly shown above. A fabtic unit from a wrecked cart universal joint provides the knee-action. If your workshop includes a drill-press a mortising attach- ment will simplify the cutting of mortises in the runners for inserting cross-members. 91

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F.H. WOOI SINK HEADS 30" x 72" x ya" SUPPLY DOOR TYPEWRITER DRAWER \ 1 1 A lc HE i | i | FILE POCKET soe iĝ TYPEWRITER | FRONTS MIDOLE iE] DRAWER j i PIECE 15) BONTOM “heeds || a i | A —| rreewarter | ae A į BOARD | STATIONERY | i MIDDLE 5 tL---——-! D SCREWS, COUNTER~ Typewriter drawer and slide are made according to these plans. Slide must be free to move, PIECE ae SUPPLY SHELF(S.S) In order to reduce the mi much as possible standard of plywood are cut to the dicated in the above This method eliminates all waste and simplifies work, 2anx 48" x12" 96 1" RADIUS DRAWER ROUND EOGES 1/4" INCI „ EDGES ANO & CORNERS FOR HINGE, LEAVE, SECTION THRU DOOR: ` HINGE FITTING A, FIG.5 DETAILS OF THE TYPEWRITER DRAWER & BOARD Two wide lines run up the front panel of the desk. Check the supply door, stationery drawer front and the typewriter door, mak- ing the front panel carefully so your lines do not stagger. These lines are 3⁄4” from the side and 3” wide. It is advised that you make the shelves under the drawers from flat pieces rather than the usual frame. It saves time, is easier and costs but little more. Don’t forget to round the front edges of the drawers and doors about 1⁄4”. The lids on the file pockets and the board on which the machine is placed are rounded on all edges and corners. Round all projecting edges of the typewriter drawer itself. The front and back edges of the leaf are rounded to fit into the sliding groove in the assembled desk. It is wise, when all your pieces are cut, to care- fully sand them in the flat. Refer to the assembly drawing in Figure 2 to give yourself a good idea of how to pro- ceed in assemblying the desk. Note that the leaf slides are put on at once, not later. Mark the location of the middle pieces to the bot- tom, glue and nail, then bore holes for the dowels. This should be repeated also on most other joints. Putting on the top and back will give you a good idea of how it is built. Next install the center shelves while they Modern Mechanix SET BACK 1/4 INCH LEAVE SLIDE ENVELOPE SEE FIG.3 FOR LEAVE HOLDER SUPPLY caine MIDOLE PIECES 3/4 INCH PLYWOOD BOTTOM 1/4 INCH PLywoob FIG.2 PROGRESSIVE ORDER OF CONSTRUCTION (# | TO 4) AND DETAILED DIMENSIONS ROUND SLIGHTLY DETAIL ALL SHELVES EXCEPT THESE jw FIT FLUSH |255 TO FRONT ROUND SLIGHTLY FIG.3 DETAIL OF SLIDING LEAVE SEE FIG.4 FOR DETAIL OF SIDES WY BOTTOM STRIP & FILE POCKET FRONTS 8 RUN SAW CUTS AWER CLEAR TO EDGE SHELVES AND FILE = 3/4" m g A \ AND Le IN He POCKET BOTTOMS. ae an E: PARTS NOT RE- u i ae UIRED FOR THE™ ALL OF 3/4" PLYWOOD j Th L y FRONT EDGE TNLAID DESIGN. Hi \ 84 ) OF SIDES | y t L I ALASAN 255 7 i| / [SHALLOW | AU KOHL ((/ |isaw curs | ASN, | [iy/ Ne INLAY \ 3! / 133" = LZ F SAME WIDTHS AND A $ SPACING. SEE DETAIL FOR DIMENSIONS y srl 1/2" y =a] ee SAW CUTS - = j, = She" = : J cross section WL a OF BOTTOM STRIP | ea 4 DETAIL © a General cabinet dimensions of the desk are covered in this diagram. On all joints where sttess will be placed dowel pins should be used. Careful assembly will result in a workshop project that will equal many commercial desks of similar design. February, 1937 97

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STRANGE FACTS ABOUT # SCIENCE Burning paper with a mirror was first discov- ered by Archimedes. You can perform this stunt by removing the heating element from radiation heater and fo- fusing on sun. Paper will burst into flame. Have you ever no- ticed that in the movies auto wheels turn backward? The camera shutter is re- sponsible for this strange effect, Cut two cardboard discs; on one cut peep holes, on the other paint spokes. Attach discs to a handle and spin to see the effect. A ball when thrown always follows a par- abola, To prove this wire up two flashlight cells with 14 wire. In the center attach a bulb. If unit is thrown before open camera lens on a dark night parabola shows on developed film. NO.14 TRON WIRES TAPE CELLS AND LIGHT SOCKET TO THE IRON WIRE — A small neon lamp will prove that radio =e DI RECT ION OF tubes permit current D € C to pass e one direc- tion only. Connect ‘C-CUR RENT lamp in series with 110-v. and connect ‘ plate and gne ma A wire passed completely ment to 110-v, also. through this ice cube still When dy cells ae leaves it in one piece. As wire connected to tube's passes through, ice fuses together. Alimente, one ET Although both the ice cubes and the water in the measuring glass, shown above, have the same temperature of 32 degrees the water does not have the cooling effect of the ice. Ice has greater cooling effect since it consumes more heat, HESE interesting scientific experiments -can be performed without the use of ex- pensive laboratory equipment to show the strange manner in which certain scientific principles act. Dry ice sealed in a deflated toy balloon will cause it to blow up and burst, a piece of sealing wax can be made to produce static electricity, a neon electric bulb will show how f a vacuum tube rectifier functions. These y A are only a few of the many stunts possible DRY ICE with the simple apparatus described here. ` Since most everyone is familiar with the theoretical explanations of these physics oddities only the method in which the stunts 3 , f ‘ os ; A toy balloon in which several pieces of dry ice have been are performed are given. The experiments placed will expand until it bursts if neck is closed. Stunt dem- described here are simple enough even for strates how gas expands when changed from solid to vapor. those whose scientific knowledge is limited. 100 Modern Mechanix February, 1937 101 BORAX SOLUTION ALUMINUM f a LEAD a Bs he Static electricity that will produce a bright spark can be generated with the above apparatus. A small tin lid is at- tached to a wooden handle with a small nail to form an “electrophorous,” Rub a stick of seal- ing wax with flan- nel cloth then touch wax to the tin lid. Upon touching lid with a finger tip spark is produced. Ai COMPASS -7 The method in which an alternating-to-direct current rectifier works is simply demonstrated with this apparatus. Connect an electric lamp in series with an aluminum and lead strip, placing within a borax solution, A compass brought near one of wires will show a deflection. On A. C, needle will not move.

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AIRPLANE THRILLS 5 FT. UNIVERSAL PROPELLER “i MAIN SHAFT BEARING, & SHAFT Ke HANGER DRIVE SPROCKET ANGLE IRON THRUST STRUT RONT SHAFT-HANGER — = S] COOLING ` SLOTS + LN A MAPLE SS RUNNERS A STEEL SHCO REAR (STEERING) j RUNNERS RADIUS ROD AN "AIRFLOW" SLED GENERAL ASSEMBLY Above—General layout of the sled showing drive taken from a chain sprocket which replaces the fan belt pulley. The front axle of the cat chassis is at the rear of the sled. The axle must be reversed to give proper toe-in to the steering runners, Belew vet sI the airplane 3N typi ti e steere sled; pulling back on REAR RUNNER wheel applies the twin brakes. ASSEMBLY AND ETAILS O we RUNNER BLAD RETURN’SPRINGS PIN © “ANCHOR TO FRAME~ a AKE ROD steeLPawLs- BROCLEVIS STEERING ARM ONE EACH SIDE OF CONNECTION FROM CONTROL ARM~ARE OLD AUTO WELDED TO BRAKE ROD WELDED INTO k ‘ SLOT IN PIPE | FORD WHEEL® CUT OFF CG GEAR WELDED GUIDE COLUMN— PULLEY | TECA \ = = = BEARING} BLOCK ~~ BOLT á CABLE TO SECTION ATA STEERING ARM DETAILS OF STEERING AND BRAKE CONTROL: Old auto parts supply parts for this speedy ice racer powered with an airplane propeller. BE STEEL TU OR PIPE ‘SPACER $ NNEL IRON Wt CH RADIUS ROD pit STEEL TUBE AXLE TES BBLE PLA HOELDEDTO AXLE RUNNER FITTING Any type of runner may be used. Type shown is shod with old auto spring steel leaf runners, hollow ground. by Lieut. Douglas Rolfe S EVERYONE knows, the junk yards are literally stacked with old worn out cars. Cars with burned or battered bodies and broken wheels; cars with shot transmissions and useless brakes; cars in every imaginable form of disrepair. From among these dis- consolate veterans resident in the local auto graveyard it will be possible to select one, preferably a light car, which has the prime requisites for converting it into a trim aero driven ice plane. The requirements are as few as they are simple. First, a sound and unwarped chassis. Secondly, a motor which even if not exactly in good condition is yet able to run. Unless a motor is too hopelessly worn out a little Modern Mechanix FIT BEARING a 20 GA. STEEL PLATE x G TOsUIT PSB weLD____TOSUIT PROP: ft - > S* HANGER d WELD ALU? 1X1" ANGLE IRON ~ 1/9" MACHINE, OR STOVE BOLT! 20 GA. BRACE PLATE ——~ DRILL FOR FLOOR BOLTS, SECTION A-A- * BOLT CHANNEL IRON SILLS TO CHASSIS FRAME. F AF fe, O FIT D PORTIONS INDicaTE Ro MODEL « patience and some judicial overhauling will result in a quite satisfactory power plant for the purpose intended. . Assuming that you have picked out a car having these two essential factors you can start dickering with the owner. There are a good many parts you won't need at all so bear this in mind when making the deal. For instance: The body, fenders, the entire trans- mission, back axle and rear wheels are en- tirely unnecessary for your plans and are only so much extra junk for you to cart away. By leaving them on the spot you will un- doubtedly be able to strike a better bargain. The front wheels and the steering wheel are needed for purposes we shall presently discover and you will also want the starter; in fact, all the parts pertaining to the opera- tion of the motor itself. The battery is likely to be missing or at best useless so you can make up your mind that here is one item that will have to be included in the moderate amount of new material the conversion re- quires. Strip the car down to the bare chassis February, 1937 BEN mn a | ` mote) Š mae A CH, Hassis pars “giASSIS WITH “AIRFLOW” ICE SLED 1“ WOODSCREWS CUT OUT ANGLE IRONS TO FLUSH FIT AND WELD AT ALL POINTS, Above—View of the sug- gested sled showing drive taken from a belt pulley fitted behind the transmis. sion housing. Details of drive pulleys, shaft hanger and rear bearing are similar to those used for “Polar Queen”, described in the 1936 How to Build It. PLYWOOD OR SHEET SEE DETAIL ZB METAL COVERING > -SECTION A-A; DRILL FOR Va! MACHINE SCREWS DETAIL OF JOINT "A" PRESDWOOD > SIDES -CUT OUT WINDOWS AND DOOR SEE DETAIL OF J IRON SILLS 24% 4" OAK CROSS TIE (BOLT TO FRAME END) 3/4" 5-PLY FIR NOSE. FORMER SECURED TO FRAME BY BRACKETS —sopy— * FRAMING fo mxim oa IRON CLIPS = WELD TO n upaicHr | The body frame is constructed of angle iron and wood and is mounted to the car frame by the channeliron sills as shown in Sec- tion A-A, top left detail drawing. DETAIL OF JOINT "B“ unless you have already bought it in this con- dition, If the motor seems to need some tinkering, now is the time to do it. A good top overhaul will work wonders with any motor so get this little job off your mind and satisfy yourself that the motor is in reason- ably good working condition before pro- ceeding with the actual conversion. With the motor in shape remove all wiring from the dash board and the steering gear as far as the steering tie rod which is left intact. 103

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neckties for se! The rack consi SECTION THROUGH DOWEL HUB Q a 34" WHITE MAPLE DOWEL 2⁄4 LUNG 24 REQUIRED by Dale R. Van Horn HESE simple woodworking projects were designed simply to make use of the as- sortment of scrap stock that eventually col- lects in the home workshop. Any one of them can be completed in a single evening if am- bitiously tackled or in two evenings if a 106 This attractive tie rack provides a convenient place for hanging 24 tion at random. ists of a revolving hub to which are attached wooden dowels. A scrolled bracket per- mits rack to be fastened to wall, NOVELTIES IN Wood shorter period of time is spent on their con- struction. If you own a wood turning lathe a piece of scrap walnut or figured gum can be trans- formed into a unique tie rack that will hold 24 ties for prompt selection. The rack con- sists of a turned hub from which projects 24 spokes. The hub is attached to the wall by a single screw mounting bracket and revolves so that any tie can be selected in the same manner as clothing is selected from a revoly- ing display rack. By referring to the accompanying diagrams no difficulties in construction will be en- countered. Turn down the hub to a diameter of 234 inches then drill 24 holes at equal in- tervals large enough to take the 4,-inch dowels. Last cut out the wall bracket on a scroll or band saw to the shape indicated and finish the completed tie rack in a natural finish or enamel. A single screw holds it to Modern Mechanix " Wood RING 2%% DIA. 4 JUTE CORDS: 30 " ING 6%" DIA. 8 P + RINGS KNOTTED 24D0WELS Ye DIA. 41, LONG BASE S,THICK Yon SPACER. Vp corte THICK 2%! DIA. WITH 24 HOLES FRAYED ENDS Turned on a fathe from scrap pieces of gum this hanging plant basket proves a novel home decoration, The above diagram gives the cross-section details. the wall. A hanging plant basket containing an ivy vine will brighten up the corner of any room. A very attractive basket was created from several turned wood rings and a few yards of jute cord. The rings are turned from 1-inch walnut or gum stock by attaching a squared block to the faceplate of the lathe, turning one-half and then reversing the block and completing the ring. Allow the center of the ring to remain as part of the ring itself until it is removed from the lathe. The center portion can be removed with a sharp knife. The lower and smaller ring is given only half the operation mentioned above. After turning the edge of the ring cut out the center recess to a depth of 3g-inch. Drill 24 uniformly spaced holes through each ring for passing the cords. Knot these so that the rings do not shift their posi- tions. Bring the cords together at the bottom of the basket through a 144-inch spacer ring fraying the ends of the jute cord to provide a tassel effect. February, 1937 The completed hanging basket is supported by a hook cut from 34" stock. Follow the dimensions at left, cutting hook from walnut. Before threading the cord through the rings finish them in natural colors with a shellac or varnish for a lasting and durable surface. . A dowel cigarette box is something that anyone with only a slight knowledge of woodworking can make, It consists merely of two discs, turned down on the lathe and drilled to re- ceive 64-inch wood dowels. The top disc is cut in two sections to provide a lid effect, After the dowels have been glued in place and allowed to dry the cigarette box is finished in bright enamels or in natural colors. A sheet of colored celluloid may be inserted and ce- mented inside the dowel assembly to hide the lithographed printing on the vacuum tin in which the cigarettes are packed. These cigarette boxes make excellent bridge prizes or you can give them to friends as souvenirs from your workshop. The last project to be described will in- terest every housewife who finds it necessary to do an occasional bit of mending. It pro- vides a neat arrangement for storing scissors, thread and needles and can be made manu- factured in the home workshop in a single evening. The base is turned from a 5-inch 107

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TWO TUBE SET TUNES > J A metal and glass ; tube provides 3-tube performance for this all-electric set. NE metal and one dual-purpose glass tube are used in this compact receiver which will operate a speaker when tuned to many of the stations in the broadcast band and will give good headphone volume on the short waves. A novel AC-DC circuit, elimi- nating the need for extra power supplies, makes the receiver extremely flexible and allows its use wherever there is a power line. Strongly built and very compact, the set is readily portable and serves as an excellent “personal” radio. The metal type 6J7 tube serves as a quiet and very sensitive electron coupled detector. This detector circuit has seen almost uni- versal acceptance in the design of metal tube regenerative sets because of its inherent stability and simplicity of coil design. The 6J7 is impedance coupled to a type 12A7 com- bination power-pentode and rectifier tube. TO SAP ef J7 TUBE ae NOTE: MAKE TUBE SOCKET CONNECTIONS ONLY TO PRONGS INDICATED — LEAVE OTHERS BLANK In order to secure maximum results feom the receiver the parts should be arranged in the positions shown here. -0000t5 SWITCH ANTENNA TO CAP OF I2A7 TUBE Wiring the receiver is a simple matter if this phantom diagram is followed. Shapes of parts used in building the set can vary from those shown above Provided they have same values. LINE CORD INDICATES CONNECTION TO CHASSIS 110 Modern Mechanix IN THE WORLD 20 AND 40 METER COILS ARE SPACE WOUND, SPACED DIAMETER OF WIRE. ALL OTHERS ARE CLOSE WOUND. TICKLERS WOUND CLOSE TO GRID COILS The coils for the various wavelengths may be wound on 4-prong tube bases if commercial coils are not available. If the set fails to oscillate reverse the coil leads P and F-2. The 12A7 is capable of good audio output and its use allows three-tube performance with only two tubes. The parts are mounted on a metal chassis which consists of a 7x8-inch black crackle finished metal panel and a 2x5%x7-inch aluminum base. Since this set is to be used on the short wave bands as well as the broad- cast band, placement of parts is important and for that reason the builder should follow the layout arrangement shown. Fractions of an inch do not matter; the important thing is to follow the same general arrangement. Looking down on the set we see the tuning Nenna 3 MEG. The February, 1937 R.F. CHOKE more technically inclined radio experimenter will find this schematic diagram helpful. It corresponds with the pictorial diagram shown on opposite page. by Stanley Johnson condensers and the volume control mounted on the panel. On the base, the coil socket is mounted directly behind the variable con- densers, with the tube sockets to one side. At the back of the base is the coupling choke, the multiple electrolytic condensers and the antenna trimming condenser. The filter choke, the metal cased by-pass condenser and miscellaneous small resistors and condensers are mounted underneath the base. Careful wiring is important to insure good results. Tuning leads should be short and stiff and all “ground” connections in the de- [Continued on page 134] 12A7 O O TUBE PHONES OR SPEAKER 111

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xO | STOVEPIPE WRAP WITH FRICTION LAMINATIONS OF IRON TAPE AND GIVE 2 COATS OF SHELLAC a 4 LAYERS OF TAPE S ABOUT OF NO.12 D.C.C. COPPER WIRE WELDING — IRON BRAZING — BRASS SOLDERING —- SOLDER 150' TO iO VOLTS A.C. | eS CORE -| Pa EA INA AAAI pna ` ABOUT 150' oF | | NO. 12 D.C.C. WIRE 10 AMPERE Y ae FUSE IN EACH TO WORK SIDE OF THE — | LINE ELECTRODE THUMBSCREW eS 112 ` 1/8" INSIDE DIAMETER BRASS WOOD HANDLE HEAVY 2 WIRE CABLE -WITH LARGE BATTERY CLIPS ON ONE END AND AC. PLUG ON THE OTHER END Light welding and brazing can be successfully handled with this torch. It consists simply of a length of brass pipe fitted with a handle and drilled through one end so that a brazing electrode may be inserted. Attach coil clips to torch and object. by A. H. Waychoff XPERIMENTING with black light, elec- tric arc welding and molten metals are only a few of the many interesting experi- ments which you can perform if you own a reactance coil. The reactance coil, itself, is a simple piece of electrical apparatus which serves as an automatic current consumer per- mitting an electric are to be produced from 110-volt house current without the usual blowing of fuses. Instead of the arcs pro- ducing a perfect short circuit as would be the case if connected directly to the 110-volt they are merely part of the series resistance circuit into which the reactance coil has been connected, Before any experiments can be conducted it will be first necessary to construct the coil. Secure a sheet of black iron, commonly re- ferred to as stovepipe iron and cut it into strips measuring 6” by 142”. Stack these up until the pile measures 13%” in thickness. About sixty to seventy strips will be required. Around the pile of iron strips wrap four layers of friction tape. The bound strips be- come the core for the reactance coil. With the core completed you are ready to wind the coil. This consists of 150 feet of No. 12 double cotton covered copper wire. The reactance coil is wound on a metal laminated core consist- ing of sixty to seventy 11⁄2” x 6" strips of stovepipe iron. Over coil wind tape, following with 150’ winding of No. 12 D.C.C. magnet wire. Schematic diagram of the coil is shown at left. Modern Mechanix WITH A REACTANCE COIL e CLAY FIRUCIBLE ARC. LIGHT BON ECES TRODES LECTRIG E FURNACE ee A handy electric furnace for melting smal! quantities of metal can be constructed as described in the above illustration. Mould the crucible from fire clay pro- viding holes for inserting arc fight carbons. When experimenting with furnace wear dark aun goggles. Wind the wire over the metal core in uniform layers then bind the coil with several layers of friction tape. To seal the coil from mois- ture paint it with several coats of shellac, but be careful not to paint the core or metal strips on which the coil is wound. After the shellac has dried the coil can be mounted on a suitable wooden base along with a double fuse block which provides for the installation of two 10 ampere fuses. These provide additional overload safety when using the coil. A porcelain cleat socket is also attached to the base permitting a flexible heavy duty rubber covered fixture cord to be attached. Battery clips attached to the opposite ends of the cable allows con- nections to be made to the carbon electrodes. Connected to a welding torch the reactance coil permits anyone to do light brazing, soldering or welding. A satisfactory welding torch can be made from a length of brass tubing having an inside diameter of 4%”. A hole is drilled through the end of the coil for the brazing electrodes. A thumbscrew holds the electrodes securely in place. A large wooden file handle attached to the opposite end of the tubing completes the torch. To use simply connect one of the battery clips attached to the reactance coil cable to the torch and connect the other clip to the work to be welded. It is always advisable to wear [Continued on page 134] February, 1937 ULTRA-VIOLET GLASS FILTER LARGE OIL CAN WITH BOTTOM. CUT OUT WOOD HANDLE RBON ELECTRODE ASBESTOS PAPER GASKET CONNEGT: TO COIL This ultre violet cay lamp reveals forged signatures, invisible inks and invisible acid: etchings in metals. Fashion the lamp from a 5-gal. oil can mounted on an asbestos covered wooden base, A window holds a small pane of ultra violet filter glass through which the invisible rays pass. Carbon rods furnish arc. BENO HANDLE FOR MOUNTING A pair of carbon electrodes or rods of 34” diameter connected to the reactance coil and fitted in a reflector similar to the one shown here make a powerful spotlight. Porcelain insulators such as used in house wiring insulate carbons from reflectors. 113

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Fighting Oil Well Fires [Continued from page 61] ways. Sometimes heavy tools, while being drawn out or, in some instances, blown from the well, ereate sparks as they bang against the casing pipe. Lightning may strike a well. But the exact cause is seldom known. Most who have been close enough to see the actual cause, have been killed. A trained expert with special equipment is re- quired to put out these wild torches. Kinley’s usual method is to set off a charge of gelatinized nitroglycerin at the base of the blaze. It may be days before the shot can be fired at some fires. Red hot metal and debris first must be pulled out, away from the well. If not removed, this hot metal can easily re-ignite the gas. Kinley’s method, like the fire, is spectacular; but he is decidedly not a stunt man. He goes about his work with the careful strategy of a general in the midst of war. His work is war— a patient battle with Nature gone wild. He has developed a system which includes a special fire truck, unique equipment and the help of trained assistants. Much of the equipment he designed, based on practical experience and needs, for he is mechanically inclined and has invented many practical devices in the oil fields. When he needs something that can do the job better he says he “just makes it.” He employs a five-man crew to clear away the debris. Two wear heavy asbestos suits, helmets, gloves and shoes, and work up close to the fire, rushing in and out of the terrific heat attaching grappling hooks to the hot metals. The hooks are connected by steel cables to a powerful high speed tractor, manned by a third member of the crew. Two more assistants, standing behind a movable shield, play a double stream of water over the ground near the mouth of the well and over the men working in the asbestos suits. Oc- casionally bad valves have to be yanked out “by the roots.” No two fires are the same. Finally comes the task of carrying the “gelatin” to the edge of the flame. Kinley prepares his own shot at his nitro wagon stationed a mile away from the well. He can estimate the size of the shot needed, which may range from five to 40 quarts, packed in a metal container of a special design with double walls with air space between, and wrapped with a layer of heavy asbestos. Every precaution is taken to protect the shot from the heat. Attached to the container is a strand of wire, used in firing the charge from the switch. A final check on the equipment, and Kinley climbs into his asbestos suit, signals the hose crew, and starts toward the roaring flame in a leisurely walk, earefully picking his way over the muddy ground. Tucked under his arm is enough ex- plosive to blow him to smithereens should he miss footing or the trailing wire snag and jerk the container from his grasp. As though discussing some ordinary job, Kinley modestly admits: “I have had narrow escapes. One never knows in this business. A wind might whip the flames around and then it’s all over.” At the mouth of the well Kinley places the shot within a foot or two of the blaze and quickly retires to the switch 100 yards back. Down goes the plunger. A dull red glow appears near the fire. As sight is quicker than sound, the yellow flame disappears in the air a fraction of a second before the explosion is heard. However, the roar of the gas continues, for, when the force of the shot is dissipated the gas resumes its upward flow. But there is no fire. Kinley’s work is not completed until he has connected the well with pipe lines or storage tanks, putting it in produc- tion. All conceivable equipment is carried in the fire truck, A special pump for spraying the men and cooling the ground is mounted on the front of the motor. Other equipment consists of special nozzles and hose; several sets of asbestos suits, shoes and gloves; hardboiled helmets with heat- resisting glass windows; gas masks, inhalators, stretchers, first aid supplies, a complete set of specially designed non-sparking and heat-re- sisting tools, and oil-soaked cotton for the men to plug in their ears as a protection against the roar, vibration and explosion. Because of the spectacle value of a burning oil well and the interest in Kinley’s success, he re- cently gave a public demonstration at the Inter- national Petroleum Exposition at Tulsa. Natural gas was piped to an 80-foot wooden derrick in front of the grandstand. To increase the pressure sufficient to produce a 60-foot blaze, gate valves on the open flow gas wells 60 miles away were opened. The normal gas flow on the main line is 25 pounds, reduced at the domestic meter to 4 ounces, or one-quarter pound. Opening the valves increased the main line pressure to 100 pounds, at which pressure it was delivered to the exhibition. The demon- stration, lasting a little more than an hour, con- sumed 1,155,000 cubic feet of gas, or enough to supply the needs of ten homes for a year; the cost was about $1,000. Prior to the adoption of Kinley’s method of fighting fires, the most successful method was to smother the blaze with jets of steam and streams of mud. This system is still used on some blazes. “What was the biggest single shot you ever used?” Kinley was asked. “Eighty quarts,” he replied. “That was on the big Tulsa Oil Company fire at Overton, Texas. The next biggest was about 45 quarts on the Sinclair Oil Company fire at Gladewater.” “Which was the hardest to handle?” “They were both plenty tough. The gas pres- sure was so strong on the Overton blaze that the [Continued on page 143] YOU HAVENT A CHANCE, SIS KS SO MUCH -YOU'RE| CH-1-ER I COULDN'T- SIM GREENE AREN'T YOU? | THAT IS YOU SEE -IM-ER | LOTS. WHY DONT YOU f EVER COME OVER WITH | THE REST OF THE Accept No Substitutes! HMM- BOB, I BET I KNOW WHY Ņ HE ACTS STAND-OFFISH. IT'S HIS FACE. ALL THOSE PIMPLES. WHY DON'T YoU TELL HIM ABOUT FLEISCHMANN'S YEAST YOU KNOW HOW IT HELPED ‘You! Always Insist on the Advertised Brand! AT GUY§ A REGULAR] HERMIT I TELL YOU — ust STICKS AROUND THOSE YEAST CAKES WHO SAID JIM | SURE HAVE WORKED] DOESN'T LIKE ) WONDERS. JIMS A GIRLS P NEW GUY SINCE THOSE PIMPLES [LEFT HIM! N When Answering Advertisements Please Mention February Modern Mechanix IS THAT SO—WELL | ILL BET t CAN BREAK HIM- DOWN, YOU WATCH-| NOT HURT ARE YOU = HERE- YOU'D BETTER LET ME HELP You OVER TO THE BANK QOOH-OUCH -MERCY LIUST ¢~CAN'T SEEM TO S-STAND UP ON THESE SKATES! Don’t let Adolescent Pimples keep YOU from making new friends sons in the blood irritate this @ Countless boys and girls d sensitiveskin. Pimples result. shim company and avoid “dates,” because they hate to be seen with a pimply face, After the start of adoles- cence—from about 13 to 25, or even longer—important glands develop and final growth takes place. The whole hody is disturbed. The skin gets oversen- sitive, Waste poi- by clearing Fleischmann's fresh Yeast is helping thousands of young people to overcome adoles- cent pimples. It clears these skin irritants out ofthe blood, Pimples go. Eat 3 cakes daily —one before each meal— lain, or dissolved in a little water—untilskin clears. Start today! clears lhe shin skin irritants out of the blood Copyright, 1936, Standard Brands Incorporated 11¢