Modern Mechanix, July 1935

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GIRO-CAR SEE PAGE 87

_ Grappling With Death Under the Sea .. Debunking Poison Gas War Scares

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4 AND THEY ARE GUARANTEED FOR A WHOLE i ATLAS SAVED | US 50% ON OUR TIRES Goodrich me Sof of | ATLAS SUPER VALUES This old reliable company is first choice with thousands of motorists who demand highest quality at lowest cost. Actual tests on roughest roads prove that standard brand tires recon- structed by the scientific Atlas process deliver 50 to 69% rhore | service. Order today, save money. Orders filled promptly. BALLOON TIRES REGULAR HEAVY DUTY EU mm. Eds Tubes CORD TIRES TRUCK TIRES X4.40-2 o | Size Tires Tubes 29x4.50-20 2.38 Оно: $2.25 50.05] gi d UC BALLOON pes 30x4.50-21 2.40 0.85 0.75 51.65 28x4.75-19 2.45 0.95 0.85 1.95 9x4.75-20 2.50 0.95 0.85 2.95 29x5.00-19 2.85 1.05 0.85 3.75 30x5.00-20 2.85 1.05 1.15 4.95 28x5.25-18 2.90 1.15 1.15 4.45 29x5.25-19 2.95 1.15 1.15 5.65 30x5.25-20 2.95 1.15 1.35 6.45 31х5.25-21 3.25 1.15 аз eig 1.45 58:550019 $39 112 [р ү X5.50-. 3.35 15 ii i tH Tubes 2832-0018 3:35 1-15 Finest Quality Tubes: 1208 6.00-16 3.75 145 Well-Known | 1.45 86 09-17 3 40 115 sBrands at Lowest 21 x6. 8, a А, = = 16 . 31x6.00-19 3:40 115 |Į rices im History! 3.95 32x6.00-20 3.45 1.25 All tubes new guaran- 3.95 83x6.00-21 3.65 1.25 | § teed.Circularmolded;of ff 4.25 | 32x6.50-20 3.75 1.35 finestheavy guageheat- B 4.95 All Other Sizes ‘Orders Filed Promptly pnra L a W WE RECEIVE HUNDREDS ISAVE MONEY ОБОЕВ TODAY OF LETTERS LIKE THESE: us BIREISIRUDHER Со EAE | “Please send me two more tires. The 6250552 South Morgan Street 1 ones І got are very satisfactory." Gentlemen : Please ship tbe following to resisting red rubber. N. R. Brocious, I | Pennsylvania | Name. | “Two years ago I bought two 28x 4.75 | | tires from you and was pleased with [ Address. 1 | them. Kindly let me know at once if you have any 30 x 8% in stock. Also d "our price." G. R. Nyquist . Rockford, Ill. I Town: TOTAL Send $1.00 Deposit with each tire I ordered ($4.00 deposit on each truck БЕ [SORA eae Sy JP cou Шут ae вао tire), Balance C. O. D. If you send cash in full deduct 5%. Year's service ре guaranteed, or replacement at м price. Order today. Eee ча == ATLAS TIRE & RUBBER nbi dn 4823, 6250 S. Morgan St, Chicago |

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J. E. SMITH, President National Radio Institute Act today for better pay. Act today to break away from a low pay, no-future job. Act to get away from having io skimp, scrape to pay your bills. Mail coupon for my free 64-page book. It tells you how I will train you at home in your spare time to be a Radio Expert; ahout my training that has doubled and tripled the pay of many. Many Radio Experts make $40, $60, $75 a Week Consider these facts—think of the good jobs they stand for. Over 16,000,000 Radio seis in use, over 600 broadcasting stations, over 40 large manufacturers of Radio sets, over 3,000 manufacturers of parts, over 100 Police Departments Radio equipped, alrplanes aud airports Radio equipped. Thousands of ships touching every seaport of the world, Radlo equipped. Over 35,000 stores selling sets and parts, about 2,000,000 autos Radio equipped and about 20,000,000 unequipped. Loud speaker systems wherever people gather, indoors and outdoors. Commercial Radlo stations dotting our eoast lines. Radio a big industry—js growing bigger fast. A few hundred $40, $60, $75 a week Jobs, have grown to thousands, Get ready now for Jobs like these A spare time or full time service shop; installing, maintaining, cneratinge—broadeast, aviation, commercial, ship, television and police stations. A Radio retail business of your own. Installing, maintaining, servicing loud speaker systems. A service or galea job with a store or jobber. I'll train you for good jobs in every branch of Radio. Many make $5, $10, $15 a week extra in Spare Time almost at once Every neighborhood can use a good part time serviceman. I'll start Eiving you special instruction material, plans, ideas, the day you enroll, for making money in spare tlme. Get my book—read how many of my students make $200 to $1,000 in thelr spare time while learning. Your money back if not satisfied Il make this agreement with you. If you are not entirely satisfied with my Lesson and Instruction Service when you finish, I’ll refund your tuition. Find out what Radio Offers Mail the coupon. Му book of {nformation on Radio's spare time 2nd full time opportunities is free to any ambitious fellow over 15. Read what Radio offers you. Read about the training I offer you. Read letters from graduates—what they are doing and making. There’s no obligation, Mail coupon in an envelope or paste it on a postal card—NOW. J. E. SMITH, President, National Radlo Institute Dept. 5GH, Washington, D. C. FRE SAMPLE Take advantage of this om eo RU the coupon NOW, and ГП LESSON Pond ET FREE a Sample Lesson that only my stu- : dents have received in the past. ‘This fascinating book, “А Bird’s-Eye View of Radio” is Just packed and jammed with information about this growing industry. The reason I am willing to send it to you is to PROVE that my Course is simple, easy to understand, and enjoyable ta study. I want to SHOW YOU that I can train you, just as I have ALREADY trained thousands of men. Many of them with not even à grammar school education, and no Radio or technical expe- rience, have become Radio experts, and now earn two or three times their former pay. Mail the coupon NOW. PROOF THAT MY Т Has Made Around $25,000 “1 am operator at the coast Radio station here, call » and bave been here for the past two years. 1 like the work very much as there seems tobe some- foin fascinating about Since tak п; Eus back in "1854, 1 hevemade eround$25 ,000in thls game." Orville P. Kelster, 1410 Division St., Manlitowec, Wisconsin $412 In Nine Months’ Spare Tima «1 get all my work through f satisfied customers and their: frlends, My estimate Is | &pproximately $412 profit for about nine months spare {ще work, I am proud of N.R.I., and want to help rove to other people what I, can do for any man working with апа not afraid of losing my job. Brooklyn, New York *'I found your Course very t: i thorough, lam gratefulto | i your employment service which hap assiated me in the past. Iam lo Ser- vice Manager for Lori Simpson Eastern | in the day time end astudio engineer for the Canadian Radio Com mlasion in the evening. L. A. Canning, 46 West- mount St, Halifax, М. Sr Canada J. E. SMITH, President National Radio Institute, Department 5GH Washington, D. C. Dear Mr. Smith: Without obligation send me the Sample Lesson and your free book about spare time and full time Radio oppor- tunities, and how I ean train for them at home in spare time. (Please Print Plainly) Name aes verre РА Faites жире Pom. PT Address .. [o e ————— оо БВВ FR Now Service Manager and Sludlo Engineer Not Afraid of Losing Job **] have been working nights and Sundays for the past severa) weeks. Thave another graduate Tre eve- pings now, am in businees for тїз апд supporting a family through profits made solely from Radio work, James L. Kearns, 8703 Sth "Avenue, ————————ÀM Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine fer July When Writing to Advertiscrs

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Are you, too, up against life's big question— "How Can I Make More Money?" Every bill to be paid, every need to be met, every dream still unfulfilled—demands the answer to this question. For on its answer hang all the other answers of life: how you live, what you wear, where you go, what you do, the position you hold, the one you hope to hold in future!... Mae than anywhere else, this question haunts you daily on the job. You want a bigger salary; more pleasant and interesting work to do; more advantages for your loved ones—recreation, travel, social activities. And so, as you keep plodding on, in between the little thoughts comes this big one, again and again: "How can I make more money?" Well, how can you? .. . By working harder than ever, EO as to attract more attention to your industry? Thou- sands of people are working harder than ever, these days; employers have no worries on that score. By try- ing to "get a stand-in" with somebody of influence? Plenty of people have tried that, too—only to fall down because they couldn't deliver. By getting '"'outside work” to do? Sooner or later, your regular Job suffers —and then what? Out of the corner of your eye you can see a long line of folks just waiting for the job you have now. Any time you're "out," a dozen others are ready to step in. So it’s dangerous to resign and look elsewhere, isn’t it? Besides, jobs in your same line elsewhere are bound to pay about what you're earning now. What's Wrong, Anyhow? Let's be quite serious for a moment about this “money” question. Who, as you glance around the business world, are the money-makers in it? Are they the filing clerks, typists, stenographers, bookkeepers, timekeepers and routine clerical people? Or are they the expert sales- men, the accountants and C. P. A.’s, the attorneys, the traffic managers, the personnel directors, the sales cor- respondents, the sales managers, and other executives who give orders for other people to execute? And how did these money-makers, with their envi- able jobs and opportunities, *get that way"? Was it simply by working hard—having a ''pull"—changing jobs till they found the fat salaries they wanted? Experiencesays no!... They make more money than the rank-and-file in business for just one reason: they Don't act on this advertisement unless yow re really in earnest. LASALLE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY, Dept. 7433-8, Chicago T would like to have your special booklet—without any cost or obligation to me—about my oppor- tunities and your success training in the business field I have checked. D Business Management OExpert Bookkeeping ОВизѕіпеѕѕ D Higher Accountancy OC. P. A. Coaching English OTrafc Management LB лы Management] DEffective С Мойега a ynanshio. OModern Foremanship peaking OCommercial Law О Регѕоппе! Management DOffice Mém't OLaw: Degree of LL.B. ' OBusinessCorrespondence OStenotypy tame ee IE oe ete nace Ages EO —————————— EEE LaSalle Extension University have trained for the better-paid specialized functions that Tom, Dick and Harry, the rank-and-file, cannot discharge. Their Answer is Yours That is their answer to life's biggest question. Tt is your answer as well. And LaSalle Extension University has made it possible for YOU—granted a real purpose and adequate education—to train for the field in which you would prefer to earn more money. Without leaving your job, you can do what more than 800,000 men and women have done already: utilize your spare time for home study that definitely equips you to get your money question answered. The coupon below lists a number of specialized voca- tions which today offer the interesting work, attractive opportunities, gratifying incomes—all the rewards that go with ‘‘bigger responsibilities." Pick out the one that most appeals to you, check it, and add your name and address. Find out the interesting facts about it which your inquiry will bring you promptly, without obliga- tion. Send your request along NOW, and learn how ta get the one right answer to this biggest of life's ques- tions—the question of ‘more money.’ 4 Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechaniz and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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PRICE 15 CENTS (20 CENTS IN CANADA) [S SPECIAL N REIGNS MAGAZINE CONTENTS FEATURES eS Volume XIV Number 3 LS Let's Build a Gas-Powered 100-Locomotive Power Pulls the Normandie : á : Р " By L. J. Markus Police Declare War on Killer Cars! By Maxwell Reid Grant Sky Letter Uses 8, ugo, Hun cu. ft. of Smoke - E: 5 Nic Sprank in Oddities of т Grappling With Death Under the Sea By William Reed, Holder of World’s Record Undersea Dive, As Told to Charles W. Geiger Secrets of the Man on the Flying Trapeze By James Arbaugh As Told to Annie Dyer Nunn Debunking Poison Gas War Scares By Capt. George J. B. Fisher, Chemical Warfare Service, U. S. Army, As Told to James Nevin Miller Who Will Win ох 8 ктей Air Race? - i By James Dyson | Teach Your Dog These Tricks - By Earl Craig Uncle Sam Fights the Black Blizzards By James Nevin Miller Revamped Furnaces Cool the Modern Home - - : : "M" By Paul Darrow Paddock Choosing “Sure Shot” Casting Lures By Robert Page Lincoln, Hunting and Fishing Editor How Three Color Movies Are Made By Earl Theisen America’s Part in Soviet Engineering Triumphs LM LI Model Airplane . 28 - 82 . 85 „ 36 Beginning in the August issue of Modern Mechanix & Inventions Magazine com- plete plans will be published for the con- struction of one of the,neatest gas-powered pursuit plane models ever published. The completed model, scaled to size, is shown above. Want to build one? Put your 42 order in now for the August issue. T SHORTER FEATURES ° April Contest Winners - - 22 Artist Sketches Wotldis Greatest Dam - 41 M. M.’s Monthly Almanac - 51 52 De Luxe Night Bus Has Pri- z vate Berths - - - - 59 . Examine Flowers With Mi- . - 56 croscope - - - - - 63 Paragraph Oddities of Science 66 60 Simplify Fish Cleaning - - 71 12 Rules to Avoid Blow- Outs - - - 79 Giro-Auto Flies MAEROME - 64 Wings - - - 87 68 HOW-TO-BUILD FEATURES Explore Lake Bottoms With Radiophone Diving Helmet 92 By Garry Grover - 76 A Semi-Log Cabin for Your Vacation Home - - By O. E. Olson Completing “Nomad” - - 108 - 82 By Sam S. Rabl

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Most Amazing | TYPEWRITER BARGAIN FREE HOME TYPING COURSE FREE TRIAL OFFER ® REMINGTON PORTABLE ony FIRST TIME! Remington's new purchase plan now lets you buy a genuine latest model Remington Portable No. 5 direct from the facto- гу for only 10¢ a day. Not used or rebuilt. Not incomplete. A beautiful brand new regulation Rem- ington Portable. Standard 4-row keyboard, standard width car- riage, margin release on keyboard, back spacer, automatic ribbon reverse; every essential feature found in standard typewriters. With your machine we send you free a 19-page course in type- writing. Teaches touch system quickly, easily. Soon you dash off letters quicker than with pen and ink. You also get a handsome, sturdy carrying case free. 10-DAY FREE TRIAL OFFER FREE ы The amazing low price and easy terms now make Ce cae it possible for you to buy this genuine complete Remington Portable for only 10c a day. But we cannot guarantee present prices long. Higher wage scales, rising cost of materials, everything points to higher prices. So we say, "Act now... while our liberal offer still holds good!" You Don't Risk One Cent Try this typewriter in your home or office on out 10-day FREE TRIAL OFFER. Then, if you do not agree that itis the finest portable г! алу price, return it at our expense. You don’t ever risk shiphing charges. Don't wait. Mail coupon now. It’s the best chance you've ever had to own so complete a machine for so little money. So act NOW! CLIP COUPON NOW. Remington Rand Inc., Dept. 141-7 205 E. 42nd St., М. Y. C. Please tell me how T can buy a new Remington Portable typewriter for only 10c a day. Also enclose your new catalog. ume Address. City State. rrr rr rire CONTENT S—Continued from page 5 NEW MECHANICAL INVENTIONS Student-Made Plane Hits 325 m. p.h. - - 30 Ball-Shaped Train Pulled by Magnets - - 31 Tear-Drop Auto Has 5-h. p. Motor - - - 31 Generator Converted Into Drill - - - 34 Smallest Plane Is Easy to Fly - - - - 34 Midget Gas Motor Is Compact - - - - 34 Largest Gondola to Invade Stratosphere - 39 Dwarf Radio Tubes Made of Metal - - 39 Brain Tester Records Thoughts - - - 39 "Covered Wagon" Box Car Designed - - 39 Harmless Fan Has Ribbon Blades - - - 40 Wades in Rubber Boat to Hunt and Fish - 44 Pilots Train іп Strato-Chamber - - - 44 Collapsible Bike Trailer Has Bunk - - 45 Color Movies Require No Filters - - - 45 World’s Tiniest Engines Propel Model Planes 49 Attachment Gives Movies Depth - - - 49 Phonograph Alarm Radios Police - - - 49 Auto Trunk Opens Up Into Cabin Trailer - 50 Movie Device Wipes Out Scenes - - - 50 Model Plane Carrier Controlled by Radio - 54 French Train Has Low Headlights - - 54 New Plugs "Stay Put" in Outlet - - - 54 Portable "Rod" Finds Lost Radium - - 58 Steam Train Challenges Diesel - - - 58 New “Silk” Glass is Unbreakable - - - 62 Robot Swordfish Helps Anglers Train - - 62 Bird Hits With Bullets of Light - - - 61 Curve-Balancer Stabilizes Car - - - 73 Guard Saves Pedestrian in Auto Accidents 74 Road Reflector Aids Car Parking - - - 74 Magnets Detect Smuggled Weapons - - 74 Pneumatic Coupler Connects Trailer to Car 75 Speedy "Flivver Plane" Costs $69 - - 75 Barrow With Tread Is Trackless - - - 78 Engine Brake Drives Turntable - - - 80 New Transmitter Uses Neon Tubes - - 80 Odd Device Vacuum Cleans Lawns - - 85 Lock Protects Bottled Contents - - - 85 Seeks 300 m. p. h. With Motorcycle - - 86 Automat Swaps Candy for Bottles - - 86 3-Ton “Brain” is Problem-Solver - - - 86 INTERESTING SCIENTIFIC ITEMS Phone Call Speeds from Tomorrow Into Today 30 Streamlined Train Patented in 1865 - - 30 Modern Pioneers Invade Last Frontier - 34 Ceiling Movies Rout Fears of Patient - - 40 Measures Light Intensity in Fog - - - 40 Garbage Used in Building Tile - - - 40 Roads "Soaped" to Resist Water - - - 44 Streamlined Twin Hits 104 m. p. h. - - 45 (Continued on page 8) 6 Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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Learn RADIO Pil Finance Your Training Yes, sir! I mean what I say. PI train you in 10 weeks right here in the Great Coyne Shops — NOT BY CORRESPONDENCE — but by actual work on Radio, Sound and Television equipment AND YOU WON'T HAVE TO START PAYING ME BACK UNTIL FIVE MONTHS FROM THE DATE YOU START SCHOOL, —M — AND THEN YOU'LL HAVE OVER A YEAR STUDENTS BUSY AT WORK IN GREAT COYNE SHOPS TO COMPLETE YOUR PAYMENTS. This Is the Greatest Offer Ever Made by Any School | eee exactly what I say. You can get а complete training by the world’s oldest and largest Practical Radio School and I'll finance your Tuition. You won't have to start paying me back in small, montnly payments UNTIL FIVE MONTHS FROM THE DATE YOU START SCHOOL. I consider the fellow who is ambitious enough to want to get ahead by taking my Training, worthy of my help, MAIL THE COUPON BELOW and you can Pare to me that you are willing to Spend just 19 weeks in the Coyne Training Shops learning Radio. Then, Pu tell you how! finance your Tuition—give you your complete Training and let you pay me back later, Learn By Doing In 10 Weeks Ari icing. if I don’t care whether you are 16 pa alr ne and servicing, ANC ва СЕТ THE F ACTS or 45. It makes no difference Radio expert, and й? you to quality Coyneilsyouronegreatestchance to me if you don’t Eno an for jobs leading to the biggest pay. to get into Radio. Every ob- oscillator from a spark coil, stacle isremoved. This school із You don’ t need any previous Jobs. Pay в Future 36 years old—Coyne training is experience or advanced educa- 9 tested—proven beyond all doubt. tion to master my Shop Train- Two weeks aftergraduationIre- —endorsed by many large con- Don’t let lack of money Ё ceived a splendid job. The main cerns, You can find out every- ing. n M fth d y consideration given my application thing absolutely free. Simply stop you. Most of thestudents was that I was a Coyne Trained mail the coupon and let me send at Coyne have no more money Ё man,” Teports Harold Soucy of you the big, free Coyne Book than you рос гаса why I* --— » тица. BE ish to thank your Em with ГЕ ave worked out my finance offer. oyment Managerforsecuring . Em n " у Auto Radio Instruction pos! tion, for me," wrltes Albert ells you how many earn ex- NY E ARN Whil Yagon, “ће sent me out to this penses while training and how we MA 1 e Company the first day and I was assist our graduates in the field. employedthereimmediately." And This does not obligate you. So LEARNING I could go on quoting from hun- act at once. Just mail coupon. 1 you need part-time work to help pay your living expenses and will tell me your problems I may be Prepare for Jobs Like These Here are a few of hundreds of positions in the Radio field. My free employment bureau gives you life-time employ- dreds of letters of successful Coyne ment service. AIRCRAFT RADIC OPERATOR Tralned men. What they have done, you should be able то do! Get This abletohélpyouasI havethousands SHIP RADIO OPERATOR Electric Refrigeration foth ‘Then, in 10 brief weeks, | RADIO SERVICING Air Conditioni fn the great Training shops of | PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS ng Right now I'm including my big new Electric Refrigeration and Air Book Conditioning course at no extra cost. Ке = ма жи m ж шш шш яа m m ЕН. C. LEWIS, President Home of {Coyne Radio & Electrical School Coyne Shops f scos, PaulinaSt., Пере. в5-1н, Chicago s ізоцг йо. | Dear Mr. Lewia: Without obligation send me whereln is installed gj your big free catalog and all details; also tell thousands of dollars’ I me all about your “Pay -Tuition-After- worth of Rad!o ” equipment of а & Graduation" Plan, kinds. Every com- fortandconventence hasbeenurrangedto B Vame....csccocevevecrsccsccceacevcasece make you happy 1 and contented dur- ing your Training. COYN RADIO & ELECTRICAL SCHOOL [анар HE MTM 5005, Paulina St., Dept. 85-1H, Chicago, HI. g City... .................. ае... 6... Coyne, you will Jearn on a wide variety of modern, up-to-date А.С. Superheterodyne sets, oscillators, analyzers and test Instruments. Prepare for Amateur Broadcast, or Telegraph Radlo Operator's Li- cense and to know all code and BROADCAST STATION OPERATOR TALKING PICTURE STUDIOS TELEVISION LABORATORY MAN Dept. of Commerce rules for à government License Examination. TRAINING By Actual Work Nodull books, nobaffling charts, no classes, you get individual training . all real actual work with only ine theory you will nced. Building Teal radio sets, dolng radio wirlng and testing, trouble-shooting, re- Thank You for Mentioning Moderm Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 7

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Sani-Flush ..... RADIATORS CLEAN—NON-CAUSTIC NEW түре CHEAP OIL BURNER COOK and BAKE ное Coal Slips into Any Old Stove, Range or Furnace; Beats Coal or Wood; No Dirt St Ashes; HALF "TH E COST. | COOKS A MEAL for 17 d Amazing oil burner which experts k H ianea ss Quick Heat at way, without generate TURN OF e e a ег ^ in or clogg ingu veg Intense heat at Jp gives AGENTS by y turn of valve. One fre Salesmen о one person in each local ivi who will demonstrate BIG MO N EY and act as agent. Write | It's sweeping the quick, be first lo learn how untry, ark of о ег bi lays. O'Tcole of iim | 2 Mass. 1 mali: poster’ ате | Sue Ges POUR AP о йети, ТЫЙ ens oou en KITCHEN KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI | Write succo °” JN SUMMER CONTENTS — Continued from page 6 New Ice Sheet May Crush Earth - - - 45 Electric Shock to Replace Whip - - - 49 Sails Add Zest to Surfboarding - - - 50 “Talkies” Help Fit False Teeth - - 54 You Lose $300 if Letter Chain Is Unbroken 58 Beating Heart Flashed on Screen - - - 62 "Tin-Type" Movies Feature News - - - 62 Stunt Man Loops Loop on Skate Sled - - 67 Radios Lecture to Sick Student - - - 67 Radio Light on Map Traces Plane in Air - 72 Electric Eye Detects Fuel Waste - - - 72 Signalling Tricycles Pilot Busses in Fog - 73 Huge Lanterns Light Boulder Dam - - 73 Airport Fireman Uses Motorcycle - - - 75 “Talkies” Heard Through Bones - - - 78 Makes Baskets From Pine Needles - - 78 Rare Whistling Arrows Feature Pacific Show 80 Sawdust Seen as Cattle Fodder - - .- 80 Stream-Depth Gauge Warns of Floods - 85 Skyscrapers Roll on Bearings During Quake 88 Extracts Cheap Gas from Mineral - - - 88 Even Baby Buggy Is Streamlined - - - 88 FOR THE WORKSHOP FAN Summer Kinks - - - - - 89 Comforts for Campers - - - ~ = 90 Outdoor Fun Projects - - - 91 Backyard Swim Pool Folds Up Like "Tent - 94 Tire Pump Makes Novel Pop Gun - - - 94 Toy Pistol Shoots Spools - - - - - 94 Kill Flies With Electric Screen - 95 Model Planes Maneuver in Tilt- Whirl Cradle 96 A Miniature Japanese Garden for Your Yard 97 Toy Windmill Operates Comic Figures - 101 Lawn Furniture Has Dual Use - - -101 Use Your Auto Trailer as a Houseboat ~ 102 One-Tube Transmitter Uses Bread Pan - 104 Mold Acorns Into Novel Figures - - - 106 Cistern Pump Is Driven by Motor - - 106 Electromagnet Drives Vibrating Jig Saw - 107 Decorating Wood With Sealing Wax - - 111 Wooden Tongs Aid Darkroom Work - - 111 Linoleum Rug Made from Odds and Ends - 112 Make Combination Cheese-Cracker Tray - 112 How to Install New Piston Rings - - - 113 DEPARTMENTS Solving Readers’ Problems - 14 Random Chips from the Editor’s Workbench 18 Kitchen Devices Ease Housewife’s Tasks 55 Sportsmen’s Campfire - - - - - - 68 Needed Inventions - - = = - - 81 Radio Sparks - = - - = 03 With the Collectors - - - - - -114 Helpful Gadgets Inspire Business - - - 146 Jubll-hed monthly by Modern Mechanix Publishing Co., at Broadway and lith St, Тошо, Ky., S. A. Entered as second-class malter under the act of March 3, ‘1879, at the post office in Louls- ville, Ky. Copyright 1985. Advertising offices: New York: 1501 Broadway. Chicago: 360 North Michigan Ave. Editorial offlees: 529 Mo. Seventh St., Minnenpolis, Minnesota. Not responsible for un- solicited manuscripts. Contributions accompanied by insufflelent postage will not he returned, In U. S. and Possessions, 15 centa a copy; $1.50 a year. In Canada, 20 cents a copy; $2.25 : year. Other Postal Unions, $2.00 a year. Printed in U. William J. Kostka Robert Page Lincoln Editor Hunting and Fishing Editor А. Neely Hall S. S. Rabi Workshop Expert Naval Architect 8 Thank You for Meutioning Modern Mechanix апо Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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“scand I had no money? “A man can knock along on what he's making until something happens! Then when the emer- gency comes and the money he hasn't got could do so much, the cold realities of life haunt him. “I know what I am talking about! Ill never forget the time when my child's life was at stake. Not an extra dollar to my name. If it hadn't been for friends. ... *But now I am able to meet the emergencies of life without depending on my friends. I studied &n International Correspondence Schools Course end got the training I needed to earn more money. It was the wisest thing I ever did. I realize it every time I get another promotion!” z ? * Is money one of your problems? Does every un- usual situation in your family life frighten you because of the lack of it? Remember this: Ji's the trained man today who makes money and saves money. And thousands of men have acquired this training by spare-time study of I. C. S. Courses. So can you! Don't delay—tomorrow never comes! Mark and mail the coupon—today! INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS “The Universal University” * BOX 2323-D, SCRANTON, PENNA. Without cost or obligation, please send me а copy of your booklet, “Who Wins and Why," and full particulars about the subject before which I have marked X: TECHNICAL AND !NDUSTRIAL COURSES O Architect D Architectural Draftsman D Building Estimating О Contractor and Builder D Structural Draftsman О Structural Engineer D How to Invent and Patent D Electrical Engineer D Electrie Lighting D Welding, Electric and Gag О Reading Shop Blueprints D Boilermaker © Heat Treatment of Metals D Sheet Metal Worker G Telegraph Engineer Lj Telephone Work О Radio O Mechanical Engineering D Mechanical Draftsman D Machinist О Toobnaker D Patternmaker D Gas Engines D Diescl Engines О Aviation Engines D Automobile Mechanic О Refrigeration O Plumbing D Heating О Air Conditioning D Steam Engineer О Steam Electric Engineer Lj Marine Engineer OR. R. Locomotives О Е, R. Section Foreman O Air Brakes OR. R. Signalmen O Llighway Engineering O Civil Engineering O Surveying and Mapping O Steam Fitting О Ventilation BUSINESS TRAINING COURSES № Business Management L) Office Management D Industrial Management О Trafe Management D Accountancy D Cost Accountant OC. P. Accountant О Bookkeeping О Secretarial Work О Spanish D Salesmanahip D Advertising D French O Service Station Salesmanship Г] First Year College O Business Correspondence O Lettering Show Car's O Signs О Stenography and Typing 7 D Civil Service O Mail Carrier * D Bridgo Engineer | O Bridge and Building Foreman D Chemistry O Pharmacy О Coal Mining D Mine Foreman D Navigation О Textile Overseer or Supt. О Cotton Manufacturing D Woolen Manufacturing D Agriculture О Fruit Growing О Poultry Farming 2 Railway Mail Clerk D Grade School Subjecta D High School Subjects 0 College Preparatory D Illustrating О Cartooning if you rcside in ‘Canada, send this coupon to the International Correspondence Schools Canadian, Limited, Montreal, Canada Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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BEGOME A TRAINED AUTO EXPERT GOOD JOBS— GOOD PAY ЩЫ Say 9od-bre tolayoÉs and low pay! Get into the Auto B і G Service and Repair Business ,.. a field of opportunity where practical tralning has brougbt big pay «ss рго- [at „уң f their n... hundreds of PRET usc ове ое е ow MONEY! е PRACTICAL “JOB WAY” TRAINING BROUGHT TO YOUR HOME Whether or not you are now employed + y+ уоп can get this complete tralning right at bome in your spare time, By this simple, easy **Job Way’’ method you can learn—in в few short months—wbat It would take you ears to learn by ordinary methods. And we show you ow to earn extra money while you are learning... doing actual JOBS on real autos. SPARE-TIME MONEY MOTOR TESTING OUTFITS FURNISHED For those who act promptly we are including complete Motor Testing equipment at no extra cost, This prace tical working equipment helps your training, and will enable you to start making extra spare-time money soon after you enroll. COMMON SCHOOLING ALL YOU NEED Men between 15 and 50 with no previous auto experience or special education, quickly master *'Job Wny'' Train- ing and become skilled experts in every branch of auto work, We know what fralnlog you need, and give It to youin & way that is easy to understand. GET Мей Big FRE! THE abou Testing eq Course, an. MONEY- ee —À — —— н {| MOTOR INSTITUTE of AMERICA 2140 Lawrence Ave., Chicago, Ill., Dept. G-13 Without cost or obligation to me, send Free Auto Book, with I full details of *'Job Ray” Home Training and your Money-Back Ofer. //OEEP WATER CAISSONS iJ FULLY ILLUSTRATED & EXPLAINED i) THE MOST REMARKABLE j] 00K EVER WRITTEN ON THIS A LLUSTRATED 7/30 YOU САМ UNDERSTAND IT //S0€ POSTPAID ANYWHERE IN USA GENERAL - MOR. Get the facts about this new Technical Course of training in the mecbanical and business side of the Theatre. All subjects except acting. De- signed to prepare students for positions in any branch of commercial theatre operation. Write General Manager about this new, interesting and well paid profession. Address Dept. M. [= LEE CAD =с—ут с=с ыо оса сырыл PASADENA cvv PLAYHOUSE asi 33-S$- EL MOLINO АУЕ, PASADENA: CALIF 10 Thank You for Meutioning Moder Mechaniz and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers haplin ully, Come Back Ju by Ji im

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Diesel Engineering Will Need Trained Workers Throughout Your Life Why 7 | increasing Diesels are fast replacing шп e cause they have proved their е- and gasoline engines efficiency, economy, and pendability under the hardest operating conditions. They use & much cheaper fuel, which is dustless and smokeless, and eliminates the gasoline fire haz- ardin case of accident, Equally adapted to heavy or light loads. Will drive direct or generate electric power for any purpose, Unveiling the Diesel Mystery Get our Free Diescl Booklet and learn all about this new- est, fastest-growing line—its opportunities and require- ments. Find out what Diesel Engineering offers you— how it fits in with your present training and experience — the large number of Diesel engines and accessories being manufac- tured—how easily you can mas- ter Diesel Engineering by home study—how quickly ouremploy- ment service can help you turn yoür training into dollars. Amazing New Industry Soon the Diesel will domi- nate the power field—throw- ing out of employment thou- sands of men operating other types of engines. Now is your chance to get in on the ground floor of this amazing new industry. You young men can grow up with it in- to important jobs; you older men now handling some other typeof power can save your jobs and cash in on your experience. Diesels Are Fast Turning Spare Time ЖҮ Diesel Engineering Newest, Fastest-Growing Type of Power and Transportation Diesel-powered trains have staged a startling comeback for the railroads; but their performance is no more sensational than the daily work of the thou- sands of Diesels that have replaced steam and gaso- line engines in power plants, motor trucks and busses, ships, tractors, dredges, drills, pumps, etc. This replacement is constantly going on all over the country, as the economy and adaptability of the Diesel engine become better known. And every new Diesel installation means more well-paid jobs for Diesel-trained men. If you are mechanically in- clined, you owe it to yourself and your dependents to in- What This New Field Offers You vestigate this new power. You will be amazed and in- terested to see how it is invading practically every power field. Diesel Engi- neering offers you à new, pro- gressive, uncrowded line that will providesteady employment and frequent advances as long аз you need to work. into Dollars Train at Home [п Spare Time. You can get the necessary training at home on all the latest Diesel developments —two- and four-stroke cycles; solid- and air-injec- tion fuel systems; low- and high-speed and heavy-duty types; Diesel-electric gener- ating systems, etc. Course includes all text material—with special diagrams making: pos- sible quick understanding of this new type of power. Make the Start Now How far you go in the indus- trial world depends more upon how you use your spare time than your work- ing hours. You can learn how to do an ordinary job in a short time; and if that is all you know, that is where youstay. But if you use part of your spare time to learn how to do the better-paid jobs, that'swhereyou will go before long. Start nowto get specialized Diesel training. Individual Employment Service Without Extra Charge A very important part of our service is that, when the student has completed his training, we help him (without extra charge) to search out an opening in the Diesel Engineering field where he can be sure of steady advance- ment, with an ever-increasing reward for his foresightedness in getting training. Write today for Free Diesel Booklet. No obligation. Use coupon below. . American School, Drexel Ave. at 58th St., Chicago, U. S. A. Asking for. Information Involves No Obligation — It May Mark the Turning Point in Your Life American School, Dept. DB-28, Drexel Ave. at 58th St., Chicago Send me your Free Diesel Booklet and tell me how to get ready for a well-paid job In Diesel Engineering. No obligation. The American School was chartered as an educational institution, not for profit, in 1897. Exempt from Federal income tax. Specialinstruc- ^ tion material prepared by over 200 well-known Edu- cators, Engineers, and |: Executives, and adopted R) by many resident schools Name-scrsessseisngssnn niensis ЕРЕ | and colleges, U. S. Navy, and Province of Mani- P toba, Canada. Дагавора АЛЬ а Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 11

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A frank man to PATENTS -IN НЕ world of invention moves on. The Patent Office clerk who resigned his job back in 1833, because he said there was noth- ing left to invent, now stands out as one of the funniest men in American History. Think of everything that’s happened in the last 100 years! Why, only recently the papers carried a notice that an obscure worker, Hans Wach, has invented a simple device to utilize exhaust steam on steam boats. Already, the report states, the steam ship lines have saved more than $15,000,000 in fuel bills with his invention. Almost in the same breath the Dept. of Commerce announces that it will soon test out a new, non-crashable aeroplane, which the average man can learn to fly in a day, which will travel at 110 miles an hour and sell at the price of a cheap automobile. An unknown Seattle man has invented a robot to go 5,000 feet under the sea and recover millions and millions of dollars worth of gold lying at the bottom of the ocean since the days of the early Spaniards. Who Are Inventors? You'd be amazed at the men we con- tact in the course of a busy year. Most of them do not consider themselves inventors at all. During their work or leisure they get an idea. They work it out on paper, They get in toueh with us about Protection. Did you know that a dentist invented the stock ticker, à school teacher the telephone, a farmer the typewriter, an artist the telegraph? Did you know that the crinkly hair pln—sold by millions now—came about because a husband saw his Can You Answer These Questions ? Ask yourself these questions: the Patent Laws protect me? steps can I fake, without cost, to put myself in position to support my belief tbat P am the first man to think of my Invention? worth the a model? sell my invention before I have it Patented? any safe, business-like way to sceure financial help? If I do apply for a Patent, how shall I reach people who can market my invention? ENTIONS Remember this: For every outstanding big inven- tion there are thousands of small, simple things for use in the home, the office, the factory, on the farm, on every sort of travel conveyance. Little articles like you find on the counters of a 10-cent store, hardware store, drug store, toy and novelty shop. Many Little Ideas Have Big Commercial Possibilities A person finds something he’s using doesn’t work right, or it’s clumsy, or costs too much. He gets a happy thought. He improves the old Article. That's contribution to human progress. That's the way that many, many men bave reached the goal of financial comfort, independence and even wealth. Most of the things millions of us use didn't come from the brains of engineers and physicists. They came from the mind and maybe the crude home work bench of Mr. Average Man, busily engaged in earning his bread and butter at what- ever chance or circumstance has given him to do. The “little” man's opportunity as an inventor was never greater than it is today. Our Business Is To Help You. Write Us Today For more than thirty-six years, this firm has been helping men with an inventive turn of mind. We maintain a large staff of trained, experienced — specialista— Registered Patent Attorneys, Draflsmen, and Searchers to help our clients secure all the protection to which they are entitled. Fees are reasonable. De- ferred payments frequently arranged. Ques- tions promptly answered. Write us frankly with absolute assurance that what you say will he treated with strietest seerecy. But FIRST, send for ihe FREE BOOKS shown on the op- posite page. They are filled with faets, pie- fures and suggestions. They tell you things about Patents, Inventions and Selling Inven- low do What easy Is a Patent cost? Do I need Should I try to Is there Can I protect and wife twisting the old-fashioned straight hair pin to make it stay in place? Poor men who have no thought of invention now will be financially well-fixed in a few years because of a happy thought that the world could use to advantage. sell an improvement on some invention that has already been patented? ‘These are but a few of the questions which usualy eonfront the average man. You necd the answers! YOU CAN HAVE THEM, without cost, trouble, or delay. Copyright 1935, Victor J. Evans & Co. RUSH COUPON TO WASHINGTON. D.C. TODAY lions that we have learned in our long experience. They тау save you time, expense, EVEN LATER DISAPPOINTMENT. Simply fill in the coupon. No charge, no obligation, Write us TODAY. 12 Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix aud Inveutions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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man talk about “SELLING INVENTIONS 8 415 Mechanical Move- m H ments Like These i" R E m mechanical movements and prin- BO 0 KS ciples in the big, 48-page Book з or write us a card or letter, 3 : : of Facts aud Pictures! SSL Besides many other features and Ld below. Maybe there is just ihe with facts there are 115 different idea you need to solve some me- chanical problem. Use the coupon 6 8 PAG ES Suggestions. on : : 8 : : ES EN e TO в J. P WHEN | : Ё | C ~ | EVANS & UO. H REGISTERED PATENT ATTORNEYS, MAIN OFFICE: 520-H, VICTOR BUILDING WASHINGTON, D. C. Other Offices: 1640-B Conway Bldg., Chicago; 1007-B Woolworth Bldg., New York: 514-B Empire Bidg., Pittsburgh; 1010-B Hobart Bldg., San Francisco; 736-B Security Bldg., Los Ángeles. Send me FREE copies of your books "Patent Protec- | tion" and “When and How to Sell an Invention.” (Note: Same books supplied by any of branch offices listed above.) Name узара рны devised nd o UP nU ice bt aee Strest and. Nos ИНЕ ЖИН КЕ КОГОЛ ЛГ С City or Town Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 13

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Write the Problems Editor for where-to-buy and how-to-fix advice. PLASTER OF PARIS Please tell me how to keep plaster of Paris from drying so fast while working with it.—]. C. DuBois, Pa. You can retard the setting of plaster of Paris by thoroughly mixing with each 100 parts of the dry powder about 4 parts of either powdered marshmallow root, dextrin, gum arabie, or glue. Thorough mixing is necessary, after which the mixture should be passed at least three times through a fine sieve. About one ounce of citric acid for each 100 pounds of plaster will also delay the setting for several hours. SNAKE VENOM CURE Where can I purchase snake venom, for use in curing persistent and severe nose hemorrhages?— G. J. C., Alhambra, Cal. The venom of poisonous snakes is deadly, and should never be used except when pre- scribed by a competent physician. Cobra venom is being supplied to physicians and medical laboratories by Dr. Raymond L. Ditmars, Curator of Mammals and Reptiles, New York Zoological Park, New York City. TIMING CHAIN PROBLEM Is it possible to take a link or two out of a timing chain of an engine to take up the slack, without changing the timing of the engine?—A, G., Bris- tol, Conn. In the ordinary automobile the slack will always be at the bottom half of the timing chain. Since the top, or driving half of the chain is always taut, links can be taken from the lower half without changing the timing. FREAK RADIO RECEPTION For about 15 minutes each day, as the sun is set- ting, there is a terrible howling in my radio set, heard on every point on the tuning dial. In order to pick up any stations at all during the night, I have to disconnect the ground wire, and run the aerial to the ground terminal of the set. I am using a long pipe running out into a lake as a ground, 14 Can you tell me what is wrong? —M. Н. M., Mar- cell, Minn. If another radio set operating from a dif- ferent aerial and ground at your location gives the same noises at sunset, the trouble is caused by electrical disturbances in the atmosphere accompanying the setting of the sun. Your ground pipe, however, is far too long for good radio reception. Use as short a ground lead as possible, running to a long metal stake driven into the moist ground. "GALLOPING" BOAT My version of "Miss Modern Mechanix," an out- board-powered speed boat, begins to “gallop” or rock about an axis through the hull at the step at about two-thirds of her maximum speed, becoming almost uncontrollable and very uncomfortable as the throttle is opened farther. 1 have experi- mented with different propeller shaft angles, pro- peller depths, and load distributions, but nothing seems to help.—C. M. C., Houlton, Maine. The theory of porpoising or "galloping" is not very well understood even by naval archi- tects. Often two identical hulls will show porpoising in one and not the other. 'The government is at present investigating the causes of this action in connection with sea- plane hulls at the testing basin at Langley Field. ` One cure for porpoising is to move all weights in the boat as far back as possible; another is to build a false step about 6” for- ward of the main step, building it up with wood wedges spaced about three inches apart, and experimenting with the angle of the step. METAL PLANKING FOR BOATS Can all-metal boats, or wood-frame boats with metal planking, be built in the home workshop?— S. R. J., Austin, Minn. Metal planking is entirely practical for small boats of the straight line frame type. In the MM family the cruisers Gannet, Dorothy, and Buddy could be metal planked. Frames can be made of 1”х1”х®%” angle irons, and the [Continued on page 16]

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f icOULD NEVER FALL ‘IN LOVE WITH A | SKINNY man SKINNY? PUT ON 5 TO 15 LBS. Posed by professional models QUICK.. this new easy way Astonishing gains with new double tonic. Richest imported ale yeast now concentrated 7 times and combined with iron. Gives 5 to 15 lbs. in a few weeks. OW there's no need to have peo- ple calling you "skinny", and losing all your chances of making and keeping friends. Here's a new, easy treatment that is giving thou- sands solid, healthy flesh and husky strength —in just a few weeks. As you know, doctors for years have prescribed yeast to build up health. But now with this new yeast discovery in pleasant tablets you can get far greater tonic re- sults—regain health, and also put on pounds of solid flesh —and in a far shorter time. Not only are thousands quickly gaining husky, good-looking pounds, but also clear skin, free- dom from indigestion and consti- pation, new energy and pep. Concentrated 7 times This amazing new product, Iron- ized Veast, is made from specially cultured brewers’ ale yeast, imported from Europe—the richest and most potent yeast known — which by a new process is concentrated 7 times — made 7 times more powerful, But that is not all! This marvelous, health-building yeast is then ironized with 3 special kinds of iron which strengthen the blood, add pep. Day after day, as you take Ironized Yeast tablets, watch ugly, gawky angles fill out, flat chest develop and skinny limbs round out attractively., And with this will come a radiantly clear skin, husky new health—you're an entirely new person. Results £uaranteed No matter how skinny and weak you may be, this marvelous new Ironized Yeast should build you up in a few Short weeks as it has thousands. If not delighted with the results of the very first package, your money in- stantly refunded. Only be sure you get genuine Iron- ized Yeast, not some imitation that cannot give the same results. Insist on the genuine with ''IY'" stamped on the box and on each tablet. Special FREE offer! To start you building up your health right away, we make this absolutely FREE offer. Purchase à package of Ironized Yeast at once, cut out the seal on the box and mail it to us with a clipping of this paragraph. We will send you a fascinating new book on health, “New Facts About Your Body", by an authority. Remember, results guaranteed with the very first package — or money refunded. At all druggists. Ironized Yeast Co., Ine., Dept. 567, Atlanta, Ga. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 15

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DIESEL POWER A Coming American Industry The internal-combustion engine represents man’s su- preme triumph of machine power. Diesel engineers are in great demand. Many are acquiring necessary knowl- edge through spare-time study of this modern І. C.S. Course on Diesel engines. Free booklet] —A Great Industry with a Great Future The new course in Electrical Engineer- ing covers this fascinating field thor- И oughly. If you are just starting or are partly on the way to a real paying osition in this industry, this new course aaga the broader knowledge necessary for advance- ment. The coupon brings complete information, MECHANICAL ENGINEERING —A Field with a Future This course has meant advancement to & investment in а Bigger Future. Use the couponl AUTOMOBILE EXPERTS draitsmen, blacksmiths, foundrymen. are always in demand patternmakers, apprentices. and me- chanical engineers-men who wanted to get ahead and to earn more money. You will find, as they have found, that enrolling for an I. С. S. Course is an The rapid progress in manufacture and pervice of the modem automobile brings же mew opportunities to thousands of ambi- ™ tous and forward-looking men. There's Gs always a demand for trained men. The » new І. С.5. Automobile Course will make you а irained man! The time to act is now. Use the coupon. INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS BOX 2324-D, SCRANTON. PENNA. Without obligation, send me full information on. subject checked below: O DIESEL POWER C AUTOMOBILE COURSE (J ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LI MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Architecture Drafting С Accounting Concrete Construction. Good English Reading Shop Blueprints Salesmanship i Advertising Show Card Lettering Civil Service High School Subjects Air Conditioning Inventing and Patenting Aviation Engines Civil Engineering Diesel Engines Gas Engine Operating Refrigeration Chemistry Highway Engineering Poultry Farming Name Address Problems Editor Answers Queries [Continued from page 14] planking of No. 16 to No. 18 galvanized sheet iron. Naval architects do not recommend metal for continuous use on salt water. ELECTRIC EYES FOR AUTOS I would like to install photo-electric equipment on my'car to do stunts which will attract attention, Have you any circuits for this?—85S. E. T., Toronto, Ont. The electric eye may be used to operate your courtesy light switch automatically when a car approaches. Mount the photocell just inside the windshield, facing outward and to the left, where it will be in the headlight beam of a car approaching at night, and connect the photo-electric relay to your courtesy light Switch. Another stunt involves connecting the relay contacts to your parking light switch, placing the photo-cell inside the car, and parking near some flashing sign. With this connected properly, your car lights will be on only when the flashing sign is off. MAGNETIC SPEAKER CONNECTIONS How can I connect a magnetic speaker to my radio without reducing too much the volume of the magnetic speaker?—M. R., Detroit, Michigan. A magnetic speaker has too high a resis- tance to work satisfactorily when connected in series with the voice coil of a dynamic speaker. If connected directly across the pri- mary winding of the output transformer there will be distortion, but satisfactory operation can be obtained with most sets by placing a 1 or 2 mfd.—600-volt condenser in series with the magnetic speaker, then connecting it across the transformer primary. PROPELLER IN WIND Does a propeller which is turning freely in a wind push air ahead of it?—8S. R., Miami, Florida. A propeller pushed by the wind will always lag a little behind, because of friction losses; this is known technically as "slip." There is, then, a partial vacuum ahead of the propeller blades, and air is pulled back rather than pushed ahead. TRANSFORMER HEATS Can a transformer be placed in any liquid or oil which will keep it cool?—F. M. S., Minneapolis, Minn. Transformers used for welding or other heavy work can be immersed in any good grade of thin lubricating oil. Nearly all power transformers are so mounted, a fireproof oil with high insulating qualities being used by the power companies for this purpose. Ex- cessive heat might set ordinary oil on fire, [Continued on page 24] 16 Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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) PAGES ON PATENTS AND HOW TO MARKET INVENTIONS Over 100 Illustrations TellsHow toPatentAn Invention Describes method of obtaining Patent—advan- tages of being first in applying for а patent— how patent protects you—-what it covers—part it plays in marketing invention—danger of delay in applying for patent, MANY FACTS ON PATENTS ARE REVEALED FOR THE FIRST TIME IN THIS BOOK. How to Market An Invention This section describes different flelds of inventton— how to go about marketing your invention, type of inventions best suited to today's needs, how to place your invention before the public after securing patent, Practically everything brought out here is the Fesult of recent analysis of market conditions. How to Commerclalize Your Invention How to arrange for partnership—organizing your own company—securing finances—arranging for royalties —types of contracts . . . information you should hare right now if you wish to obtain practical success for your invention. How to Judge Marketabllity of Invention After reading this book you can Judge to some extent the worth of your idea. Js it an improvement—is it novel enough to warrant patent protection—is there a demand for it? A well known authority gives you his experienced judgment on these questions. You will learn from reliable sources many facts about patents that are vitally important to you RIGHT NOW! Make These Tests In this book you will be told how tc apply tests ta your invention. You will be shown what quallfica- tions it must meet—both in respect to obtaining a patent, and in obtaining a market for it afterwards. You will be told the merit U. S. Patent. Examiners will require your invention to have—and the demands the commercial market will make upon it afterwards if success is to be obtained. No Obligation—Mail Coupon Today This 48-page book is doubly valuable and interesting because it is brand NEW! Every page is packed with latest information of interest to you as an in- ventor, and caleulated to guide you in furtherance of the protection by patent of your invention. Get the very latest information—learn the things you don’t know about getting a patent and commerctallz- ing your invention. CLARENCE A. O'BRIEN Registered Patent Attorney 317-Y Adams Building, Washington, D. C. Mail Coupon for this New Free Book and Record of Invention Blank TODAY! A E. а My Service to You I have secured patents for inventors located in every State In the Union, My organization is a large und efficlent one. My practice is confined entirely to Palents, Trade-Marks, and Copyrights. I have had years of experience in Patent Matters. When you place your idea in my hands, I am in position to proceed at once to secure protection for you. My fees are reasonable, and if you desire, I can are Tange convenient terms of payment. Free Record of Invention Blank This FREE Record of Invention Blank enables you to make in convenient form a sketeh of your idea and have it witnessed in a manner of value to you should the occasion for evidence arise. obligation on my part. NAME ADDRESS sessososoooosaoesoo (Important: Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers Please send me your FREE BOOK, ''Patent Guide for the Inven- tor", and your “Record of Invention” form, without any cost or Pressssoosssocoocostesoceoot d$ebeecseooosssaetoesosoresesescosossessseeveseerceseovveoostene Write or print name plainly)

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At left is Howard John- son in the '* diving helmet, in which he and his partner ex- plored a river's bottom seeking gold nuggets. Johnson has also gone adventuring in the air. He has flown several planes and built three gliders, one of which is shown in photo above. N A 26-page hand-written letter the editor this month received one of the most inter- esting stories of adventure and humor that has ever come to the Workbench from a reader. It was written by Howard Johnson, of Turlock, Calif, whose adventures have carried him under water in search of gold and in the air seeking thrills. Johnson gets this month's first prize of $5.00. In our limited space we'll try to quote the best parts of his letter. Turlock, Calif. Dear Editor: I am sending some snapshots for the Work- bench contest. The diving suit was made by Arlis Riggs. The suits were purchased for $7.50 apiece. He made the helmets from the ends of an automobile gas tank. We got the air check valve turned around backwards on one of the helmets and built up the air pressure in the suit until the fellow who was trying to go down was floating with his whole chest out of the water. The suits were used to help get gold out of some deep water holes in a deep canyon. (Johnson explains that the diver went down with a suction hose through which gravel was drawn to a sluice box on a raft where the gold was separated.) We got started into the hills 18 ‘early in the summer, but it was fate fall before we got the outfit working right. The whole thing was given up and we went to sluicing the gravel bars by hand. We had some thrilling times though. I was the first one to try the suits on. I went down into the river about ten feet and thought I was on the bottom. I took two steps when I fell about ten feet straight down. I thought I was surely on the bottom then and started to wander around when I tripped and fell head first for about another ten feet. Boy, was I scared! The boys at the top tried to pull me up, but the safety rope caught on a rock. The one working the air compressor got scared and stopped pumping to help the other fellow pull. I finally managed to work down the river where they could pull me out. I stayed until it got cold and then came down into the valley for the winter. The other fellow figured that if there was gold below the rapids it had to come shrough them. He worked right down inside of the rapids and cleaned out all the pot holes and made pretty good. He brought home some pretty good sized nuggets that would have started a gold rush if the miners knew about them. I am interested in aviation also. The third glider I built performed quite well. The fel- low who made the mining outfit bought a long wing biplane. He had the ship on one side of a ditch in a field and wanted to get it around to the back of the building where he could work on it. He hitched a team of horses to it and, when they looked back and saw the plane following them, they ran away and piled it up in the ditch. I am going to make a parachute jump the first time I run across a good ’chute packer. If it don’t open I'll make him let me try it over again. | Howard Johnson. * * * The model builders are represented this month by some excellent examples of their craft. Among them the scale model Mono- coupe airplane, described in the 1935 "How to Build It," brought second prize of $3.00 to Edward Costello, who says: Princeton, N. J. Dear Editor: i Congratulations on your model airplane plans. I followed the plans and have won two contests already. The Monocoupe flew 200 Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Howard Johnson’s 26- page letter of adventure as an underwater gold miner wins first prize this month. MM model build- ers come through with excellent work and an MM design wins two midget plane contests. feet the first time and it wasn’t all wound up. Please bring on some more plans like the Monocoupe. I think all of the model builders will appreciate them very much. Edward Costello. * * * That fine reproduction of the liner Bremen was built by R. W. Dishong. Here's what he says about it: Johnston, Pa. Dear Editor: Enclosed I am sending a photo of a model I built of the Bremen. This model is 41 inches long, being built on a scale of one- twentieth of an inch. It is pow- ered by an automobile horn motor and four flash light batteries. I procured the plans from the North German Lloyd Line and every part of it is built to scale. The model makes fairly good speed and looks like the real thing when under way. R. W. Dishong. * * * What type of models do MM readers pre- fer? The field is unlimited; there are modern racing sail boats and liners, steam and elec- tric type locomotives, gasoline or rubber powered airplanes, and historical models of all.kinds. Just address a card to the Work- bench and the biggest demand will be filled with bow to build plans in MM as soon as possible. Magazine, July, 1935 It also brought him second prize of $3.00 in the Workbench contest. fine scale model of the liner Bremen (at top), built by R. W. Dishong, is powered with an auto horn motor. model, while Otto Tandberg built the model threshing machine and tractor. The scale model Monocoupe plane won two contests for Edward Costello. The George Cooper built the 18-inch sailing Here, for instance, is Otto Tandberg who goes in for models of farm machinery. Dear Editor: Leeds, N. D. I am sending you a couple of pictures of some of the models I have made. I have seen many pictures of models of trains, boats, and airplanes, but none of tracters or threshing machines, Otto Tandberg, * * * We had space for only one picture of George Cooper's racing sail boats, but here is his letter about them: Dear Editor: Waltham, Mass. Here are some pictures of two boats I built. [Continued on page 20] 19

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“Experience is a great teacher— but you can learn more from books, quicker and cheaper.” And the author of that sentence might have added “AND SAVE YOUR JOB AT THE SAME TIME” if he had thought of a machine shop when he wrote it. A ruined piece of work these days usually means a lost job. Only good men have jobs now, and to keep them they must make themselves top-notchers. You can do a lot toward insuring your own job with the— American Machinists’ Library 6 volumes—2,000 pages—2,500 Illustrations (A combined home-study course and reference library) T DE GAGE BUS Wonk G ipd STANLEY TOOLS ш шш 6 THEIR THER DIES ae? COIN STANLEY HAAS OPERATION OPERATION COMIN COLVIN OL STANLEY = ERE is a Library that gives you expert information on every point of your work. It fully explains and illus- trates tool and gage work, machine tool operation, jigs and fixtures, punches and dies, the working of steel, oper- ating lathes, drills, hand and automatic screw machines, planers, boring machines, milling machines and a thou- sand and one other points of information which you need every day. Solves Your Problems No matter what the problem is that puzzles you, if it is anything to do with a machine shop you will find it answered in these books. Whether you are a tool maker, a die maker, a draftsman, or handling any job there is in a machine shop, this Library contains the practical infor- mation you need. The text is written in language intended for the practi- cal man. You will recognize it as sound, practical, machine shop talk all the way through. This is THE Library which will make you feel surer of yourself and of your job. You owe it to yourself and your future to mail the coupon st the bottom of this page AT ONCE. Special Price—Easy Monthly Terms Bought singly the books in this Library would cost you $20.50. Save $3.00, and in addition, if you decide to keep the books, pay for them as you use them, in easy monthly installments. Look over this helpful Library without obligation. Fill in and send the Free Ex- amination coupon now, PT 575 ow cw X чы чы ча ЧА ча ча ча Ча ча ча ча ЧА ч ча ча ЧА ча а ча әсә ‚ SFREE EXAMINATION COUPON! P McGRAW-HILL BOOK CO., Inc., 330 W. 42nd St., New York. у Send me for 10 days’ free examination the AMERICAN ¢ § MACHINISTS’ LIBRARY. If I keep it I will send you $1.50 g gat Lhe end of 10 days and $2.00 monthly until the Special Price of $17.50 has been paid. If not wanted I will return the books 4 g Postpatd. И j (Signed ....ereeeeeeeeeeepeooesesoosessoosepeseovesossosccnn S A Fl уу.» жже аже жез еннен m , , И p City and State...ssscnesoncecsccoecsnsresresesresessecrastes 4 UC E E —— A f Company slink E EEE E ЛО gree MMX-7-35 4 ЪЪ Uwe m. cR ча X TU чы чы ЧА ча СЫ ЧА ЧА ЧА ЧА ча ЧА ЧА ЧАЧА 99 9 www Chips from the Editor’s Workbench [Continued from page 20] 1 | battery | charger. This is a new type of my own de- sign and al- though it may look bulky, it has plenty of speed and power. The eight-bladed fan is made of galvanized zi sheeting with a a 6 by 5-inch Here is James Robichaud and his hardwood wind generator. A bicycle wheel block for the supplies pulley drive to charger. B hub. A bi- cycle wheel at the other end of the shaft and a 13-inch fly- wheel in the middle completes the job except for the turn-table which is made by driving a piece of pipe into a block nailed to the bottom of the base. Slip a washer over the pipe, which is placed in a hole drilled in a post. The vane should be about 214 feet long. An old car generator is all you need to keep the batteries charged. James G. Robichaud. * * * At last MM’s light plane fans are getting а break. Next month we will have one of the finest gas-powered model planes ever pub- lished. Its trim appearance is revealed in the photograph on page 5. April Puzzle Contest Winners LERT contest entrants found that there were 3,468 different ways, backwards and forwards, diagonally, and up and down, of шен the word REDDER in the first prob- em. Exactly eleven acres is the area of the inner triangle of land surrounded by the three square fields in problem number two. There were many possible versions of the coded message. Here is one: “I understand that in 1797 France was engaged in a civil war. Religion was wiped out, laws were set aside, monarchy was overthrown, and rebellion was in every corner.” To 18-year-old Robert Bradley goes first prize of $10. He is a senior in high school at Schenectady, N. Y. Second prize of $5 was awarded Czar J. Dyer, Ann Arbor, Mich. Four third prizes of $2.50 each were won by Ralph I. Miller, W. Catasauqua, Pa; Ramona M. Santmier, Woon- socket, R. L; G. J. Leuty, Knoxville, Iowa, and Ernest Berkel, Selfridge Field, Mich. 22 Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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00. ESI motor. drire RECOMMENDED FOR E A > —MANUFACTURING PLANTS —HOME WORKSHOPS d m MONTH —MACHINE SHOPS —INVENTORS, EXPERIMENTERS —U.S. GOV. LABORATORIES —SCHOOL SHOPS vi» 10 Months to Pay —AUTO SERVICE SHOPS —REFRIGERATOR SERVICE TANE —ELECTRICAL SHOPS —WASHING MACHINE REPAIR The 9" “Workshop”? Lathe turns, faces, bores, cuts screw threads 4 to 40 per inch, does chucking work, and handles all general machining operations on caet iron, steel, other metals, woods, hard rubber, fibre, bake- lite, etc. Lathe has automatic longitudinal power feed to carriage, graduated com- pound rest; micrometer graduations on feed screws, 24" hole thru spindle, No. 2 Morse Taper Centers, and other features, Operates - ` from Lamp Socket 9K" x3 “Workshop” Bench Lathe with H rizontat Countershaft, $ ХН. P. Reversing Motor, Reversing Switch and Belts......... $24.00 Down, $7.00 a Month for 11 Months. 30 DAY TRIAL Send dowa, pay- t E PRICES OF 9-inch WORKSHOP PRECISION LATHES trial: тору Size of Lathe Less Countershaft|With Motor Drive] Pack if not sat- Sa КЕ у isfied. Immed- ш Distance | Ship’g Net iate shipment. Ha рше) Weh Factory FREE- Bulletin е enters ba, P Lbs. Pr 5-W describes all 9” Workshop Lathes. Write for copy today. SOUTH BEND LATHE WORKS toon 5i2.E.. Madison St..South Bend, Indiana, О. S. А. Е 63450502 Metal Parta Machined on this Lathe 512E. Madlson St, South Bend, Ind., U, $, A. Please send free quotation on z 9” Workshop Lathe, Bed length_____ My work is |... Mm Bees Lathe Book No. 5-W (Free) How to ‘Run a Lathe (160 pg.) 25c ининин "n Address = City State — . . rA ETLTEETITETITEELTYTEETEETITETITETTTEETTETTEBET TT TETTE LITE BUILD A BOAT! JOIN MM’S FLEET! W/ HEREVER boats are being built, you will find MM shop. Select your boat now from the many different speed- plans leading in popularity—because they are clear, boats, sailboats, cruisers, rowboats, etc., described in the accurate, dependable, and printed in blue on tough white 1935 MM Blueprint booklet. Send 3c (to cover postage) paper that will stand the roughest of handling in your work- for your copy. MODERN MECHANIX PUBLISHING CO., MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. NOW —You Can Really Afford .\\ New improved LACO—$60 Under Usual Prices! | Burns Cheap Oil New Way—LESS THAN COAL! Here's an astounding new-type Oil Burner—Of- your home at exactly tbe temperature you want, fered at tha World’s Lowest Erle tet will Dent conslantiy. Is magically responelve to changes yourhome perfect!y—ror LESS T. YOU PAY In temperature, FORCDALI Many veers report fasi savings of AS 5 si Я ow you can get awe: forever from urns es Redvers of startin furnace fires—handling dir- HOW IT SAVES! oil which ЕА ty, у, costly с coal ог wood-carrying out ashes! RIS lees, yet contalna more hestl New, patented *'Model Е'* ia buflt—and sold o “High Preesure Carburetor' usen аб ? AIR, positive Money-Back Guarantee—by the world” n only 4% cheap OlL—mixes them регїесйу— rgest manufacturer of oil burners, exclusively. creates a Quiet ized Flame—baurns very slowly— It’s в full eize, full capacity burner, approved by 6 t bit of heat fi dr f oll. the Underwriters’ Lab. Ermbodiee many new E: R аге. le. OE жазу to Install, 709 a OUT pan no uu d features that eliminate eervicln Cost- make it mE today for the safest -give it utmost durability. Over 60,000 арар рону Get Free Book, Low Price, and 4 HOME WNERS: Нате ‘your Босо тагове feat whee Ы Special ore "See IC LACO len. jen't yor КА Ithe dese not carry gy LACO write st what you want for your home, Sand e and Low Works Automatically Fert trne Марр pe **off'*, without the slightest attention, to keep L. A. Cocklin, Pres., LACO OIL BURNER co., 275 Union St. Griswold, la. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 23

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d ый “The Boss Even KNOW MY NAME” “He said my face was more or less familiar and he remembered seeing me around, but he didn’t even know my name until the I. C. S. wrote him that George Jackson had enrolled for a course oi home study and was doing fine work. *" "Who's George Jackson?’ he asked. Then he looked me up. Told me he was glad to see I was ambitious. Said he'd keep his eye on me. "He did too. Gave me my chance when Frank Jordan was sent out on the road. I was promoted over older men who had been with the firm for years. "My spare-time studying helped me to get that job and to keep it after I got it. It certainly was a lucky day for me when I signed that I. C. 5. coupon." 9 How much longer are YOU going to wait before you take the step that will bring you advancement and more money? It takes only a moment io mark and mail this coupon and send it to the International Correspondence Schools at Scranton, but that one simple little step may change your entire life. Isn't it better te do this today than to wait a year or five years and then WISH you had? Mail the Coupon for Free Booklet INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS “The Universal University” Box 2316-E, Scranton, Penna. Without eost or obligation, please send me а copy of your booklet, “Who Wins and Why," and full particulars about the subject before which I have marked X: TECHNICAL AND INDUSTRIAL COURSES D Architect LI Plumbing О Hosting D Architectural Draftsman D] Building Estimating О Contractor and Builder L] Structural Draftsman O Structural Engineer U Electrical Engineer D Ileotrie Lighting О Welding, Electric and Gas D Reading Shop Blueprints O Telegraph Engineer О Telephone Work О Radio О Mechanical Engineer O Mechanical Draftsman О Machinist D Toolmnker О Patternmaker [] Boilermaker O Sheet Metal Worker О Heat Treatment of Metals О How to Invent and Patent О Gas Engines D Diesel Engines Aviation Engines О Automobile Mechanic D Air Conditioning О Steam Engineer L] Steam Electric Engineer O Marine Xngineer D Civil Engineer О Highway ngincer O Bridge Engincer DO Bridge and Building Foreman O Surveying and Mapping D Refrigeration OR. R. Locomotives Г] Air Brakes OR. R. Section Foreman O R. R. Signalmen D Chemistry O Pharmacy O Coal Mining O Navigation O Cotton Manufacturing O Woolen Manufacturing [1 Agriculture D Fruit Growing O Poultry Farming BUSINESS TRAINING COURSES D Business Management D Office Management D Industrial Management О Traffic Management О Accountancy and C.P.A. Coaching O Bookkeeping О Secretarial Work О Cost Accountant S O Selesmonship [D Advertising D Service Station Salesmanship О Wallpaper Decorating Salesmanship "n——— O Business Correspondence D Lettering Show Cards O Signa D Stenography and Typing T] Civil Service O Mail Carrier D Railway Mail Clerk O Grade School Subjects D Iligh School Subjects O College Preparatory О First Year College P" —————————— Present Position... D Illustrating О Spanish О Cartooning LJ French О Lumber Dealer €—«— "— — — if you reside in Canada, send this coupon to the International Correspondence Schools Canadian, Limited, Montreal, Canade Problems Editor Answers Queries [Continued from page 16] ruining the transformer. Metal vanes on the case or a corrugated construction will give a greater radiating surface and keep the temperature down. WHAT LUMBER FOR BOATS? Mahogany wood is too expensive in my locality for boat building; can you suggest some substitute woods which are suited for small boats?—M. J., Cheyenne, Wyoming. Although mahogany is best for boat plank- ing, any coniferous wood, such as the different varieties of pine and spruce, are being used with success. The frames of boats can be made with mahogany, oak, yellow pine, or spruce. Boats less than 12 feet long are often constructed entirely of white pine. ESTIMATING WIND VELOCITY How can I estimate wind velocity without pur- chasing an expensive anemometer.—S, M., Boston, Mass, Smoke will rise vertically when the wind is less than one m.p.h., and will drift lazily at from one to three m.p.h. Light winds of four to six m.p.h. are felt on the face, and will rustle leaves. A breeze of from seven to twelve m.p.h. keeps light flags in motion, and moves leaves steadily. Branches are moved and dust raised by 13 to 18 m.p.h. winds. Small trees bend slightly before 19 to 25 m.p.h. winds, while large branches move at around 30 mph. Whole trees are in motion, and walking be- comes difficult, when the wind speeds up to around 35 m.p.h. A gale, from 39 to 44 m.p.h., will break twigs off trees, and stronger winds will uproot trees and damage buildings. By checking your estimates occasionally against official weather report data, you can develop the ability to tell wind velocities by feel and sight alone. LIFTING MAGNETS What determines the lifting power of an electro- magnet?—8S. R., Atlanta, Ga. The product of the number of turns in the coil, and the current in amperes passing through the coil, is an indication, within cer- tain limits, of the strength of an electro- magnet. A 14” diameter soft iron core with a 300-ampere turn coil is the minimum for lift- ing ten pounds. It is usually necesary to experiment with the number of turns and the d. с. voltage used, in building an electro- magnet for a definite purpose. Low current with a large number of turns is just as ef- ficient as high current with fewer turns in the coil. (Editor's Note—All letters sent to this department should include a stamped, addressed envelope. Write to М-М Problems Editor, 529 So. 7th St., Minneapolis, Minn.) 24 Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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Paper covers, We are gole publishers. Trial subscription ta Home Indus- tries Magazine included with each order. Deacribes all kinde of profitable, legitimate plane, achemes, formulas, ideas, ada, ete., 32 pages. One year 25c, n » We can supply you with eve! ing to start a mall order business of your own. Send ell orders to— HOME INDUSTRIES, Box 89, Irvington, Neb. il i) ovt ^ | ШШШ [ЇЇ ЇЇ >... 2 BOOKS SENT FREE on approval. Just mail the coupon and we'll send you a set of these remarkable auto books, just off the press. Whether you are a mechanic or helper, ex- pert ov apprentice. auto owner or driver, if you’re interested in Knowing all about automobile mechanics, then take advan- tage of this FREE OFFER. DON’T SEND A PENNY! A better job—in the gigantic auto in- dustry. BIGGER PAY—a chance to go into business for yourself and get a share of the huge profits are waiting for any man who even half tries to improve himself. Learn Auto Engineering with these won- der books a new way—without studying or memorizing. Simply use the JIFT'Y IN- DEX to look up the answer to any auto problem, Built by eleven of America's CAN YOU FIX IT? These wonder books tell step by step HOW to take out **play'' Indifferential—tohill the shimmy in steering—to set TIMING how. to. pat your finger Instantly on en- gine trouble aud then the ulek expert way to FIX it, greatest automobile engineers, and written ewest Improvements fully in simple language so you can under- covered Equaltoacomplete stand it. Very newest cars, all covered. fourth tho cost. FREE! Privilege of consulting Automobile Engineers of Amer- ican Technical Soclety for one year without cost if you mall coupon immediately. AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY Drexel Avenue & 58th Street Dept. AB-320, Chicago, 111. 6 Big Volumes 1935 Edition 2500 pages, 2000 illustra- tions, wiring diagrams, ete., including Aviation Motors. Diesel engines, etc. DeLuxe edition, gold-etamped flexi- ble binding. AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY, Drexel Ave, & 68th St., Dept. AH-32d, Chicago, IIl. " I would like to see the new 6-volume edition of your AUTO BOOKS, I will pay the few cente delivery charges only, but if I choose to, I may return them express collect. If after 10 days use I prefer to keep them, I will send you $2 and pay the balance at the rate of only $3 a month, until $24.80 is paid. Please Include free coneulting membership ав per your offer above. Send brand new 1935 editlon. Name Address Clty_—___ Ие. ————————— Attach letter stating age, occupation and name and address of employer und at least one business man as reference. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechaniz and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 25

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By my new of learning you strive an You can get your training first . . . then I'll give you over a year to pay me back, in smal! monthly payments starting FIVE MONTHS from the date you start school, If you will write to me at once 1 will send you complete details of this sensational new plan, togeth ith th BIG FREE Ilustrated BOOK telling ^ у о э, many earn while learning Pow ; and about the training you get " there without book study or е useless theory. ali about COYNE. I E ELECTRICAL SCHOOL 7. It tells haw Mul d. COYN 500 S. Paulina Street, Dept. В6-53, Chicago, illinois | MR. H. с. LEWIS, President 500 S. Paulina St., Dept. B5-53, Chicago, 111. | Send FREE Book and ‘*Pay-Tuition-After-Graduation”’ Plen, NAME..... ОТОНА m І і ADDRESS ‚каак аканы ананан эзан, - СҮТҮ EE STATE....... M BUILD YOUR OWN FURNITURE Full details in 1935 Handy Man's Manual Send 50c to Modern Mechanix Publishing Co. 529 S. Seventh St., Minneapolis, Minn. Grow Mushrooms in cellar, shed. Ex- clusive new process. Digger, better, quicker crops. More money for you! Enormous new de- mand. We buy mushrooms. Д Write for book. fca». 7 AMERICAN MUSHROOM INDUSTRIES, LTD., Dept. 312, Toronoto, Ont. { AVIATION!!! APPRENTICES AIR-MINDED Young Men interested in entering the field of Aviation as Apprentices. Write im- mediately, enclosing stamp, to— MECHANIX UNIVERSAL AVIATION SERVICE P.O. Box 33 Dept. A Detroit, Mich. WE PAY YOU UP TO $5.00 EACH. ALSO PUT YOU IN TOUCH WITH MARKETS EVERYWHERE. Large illustrated book and eataleg, also сору of the AMERICAN RABBIT FARMER and monthly market bulletin show- . ing names of buyers in varlous parts of Amerl- \ са who continuously buy all rabbits offered them. All for 10 cents. Address OUTDOOR ENTERPRISE CO., 113 Main Street, NEW CITY, N. Y. RAISE RABBITS FOR US| “МАО. WITH HEMPHILL— America's original a» and largest DIESEL TRAINING SCHOOLS! Аа exclusive, proven method, Latest-type DIESEL engines. HEMPHILL TRAINING will qualify you for respon- sible DIESEL positions, World's most thorough training at lowest possible cost. Our NATION-WIDE. EMPLOYMENT SYSTEM Big Рау P lj for Trained | Diesel Men AIRCRAFT | RAILROAD TRUCKS | for craduates needs TRAINED DIESEL MEN who can- MINING assume more than ordinary responsibilities. A DIESEL a CUSES Zngizeer's rating certificate from HEMPHILL Schools POWER will enable you to measure up to these requirements. PLANTS | Day Schools, Night Schools and Combination Home Study Ete. Courses. Convenient terms, Write or visit nearest HEMP- а HILL School for FREE copy "Diesel News." Hemphill Diesel Engineering Schools Originators of Specialized Diesel Training CHICAGO | LOS ANGELES | SEATTLE | VANCOUVER, В. С, 1253 2120 509 1365 DiverseyParkway | San Fernando Road I Westlake No. Granville Street АЛИИИНЕНЕЛИНЕН N v York Office — 500 Filth Avo EE RADIO PAYS Y You, too, can be in the big pay class. Trained Radio and Television men make big money in interesting work. For FREE details write First National Television, Power & Light Building, Kansas City, Missouri. Dept. GG-7. FOLLOW THIS MAN Secret Service Operator No. 38 is on the Job t Running down dangerous Counterfeit Gang. Tell- tale finger prints in murdered girl's room. Tha Confidential Report YQQ Operator No. 38 mace to his chief. Write for tt. Earn a Regular Monthly Salary YOU can become a Finger Print Expert at home, in your spare time, at small coat. Write for con. fidentlal full report and details. Literati i NOT be sent to boys under 17 years of age. Fi INSTITUTE OF APPLIED SCIENCE 1920 Sunnyside Ave. Dept. 8-235 Chicago, Il). ~ HIGH POWERED TELESCOPE GENUINE BROWNSCOPES AT AMAZING PRICES Most Powertul in America for the money! Operator No. 38 15 Power long range telescope. Can see moon's craters or time on pocket watch a biock away. 5 sections. Approx. 3 ft. long. Finelenses. Brass bound. Can be used as powerful microscope vol. magn. 512X. Опіу 51.69 post- paid C. О. D. 24c extra. Special Super Power 30X Telescope Similar to above but more powerful. Guaranteed to вее 900 Limes larger in sur- face and 30 times closer. 31 mm. objectiva 4 powerful lenses. Large field. Includes powerful microscope feature. Only $1.98 tpaid. BROWNSCOPE CO. Dept.77, _ 234 Fifth Ave., New York У Enjoy a fascinating money-making business are big opportunities in PHOTOGRA- PHY. We can show you more than 50 ways to make money in this growing Drofession— COMMERCIAL, NEWS, PORTRAIT or MO- TION PICTURE Photography, Personal at- tendance and Home Study training. 25th year. Iree booklet, NEW YORK INSTITUTE OF PHOTOGRAPHY № 10 West 33 St. (Dept. 153) New York City ‘There CRETE AUTOPOWER |. or trucks. | made. trical terms, etc. AUTO POWER The new and revised edition of “Auto Power’’ with all the ten original specifica- tions and ten new ones is now off the press. D. 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Knife It has with clear This Marble "Outers" Ideal for hunting, fishing and camping trips. a sturdy 4^" blade, tempered and polished, keen, durable cutting edge. Blade extends thru the bone stas handle. sheath, OUTDOORS is a will enjoy. Filled with illustrated stories and in- formation on hunting, fish- ing, camping and outdoor activities, Also up-to-the- minute information on guns, flshing tackle, dogs. SPECIAL OFFER' We will send you this Mar- ble Knife and OUTDOORS MAGAZINE fora whole year. Both for only $1.00 Clip this ad and mail today with $1.00 bill to OUTDOORS, Dept. M 333 N. Mich., Chleago, 111. Complete with leather monthly magazine you AUTOMOBILE COMPASS Have you ever taken the wrong road and traveled many miles before disenvering your mistake? Thls new AINPLANE ТҮРП COMPASS constantly tells your direction of travel. Sticks to windshield. Buse 17%” diameter. ONLY $1.95, POSTPAID, includ- ing Compensator. SATISFACTION GUAR- ANTEED or your money refunded if returned within ten days. DEALERS WANTED! CO. Box 246-A, WARREN, OHIO MAN IN EACH TOWN To Plate Auto Parts, Reflectors, Bathroom Fix- tures, Refinish Beds, Mirrors, Chandeliers, by new method; no capital or experience required. Simple plan of manufacturing at home starts you in big money making business. Outfit furnished. Free particulars and proofs. GUNMETAL CO. BULL MFG. Ave. P Decatur, Iii. YOUR OPPORTUNITY-N E (УМ *'gaseous-Uübe'' Hghting—most widely-used medium of lighted signs—the future's greatest and OTHER source of illumination! Unlimited possibilities in every town. Get started while it is still new! Practi- GASEOUS eallow-cost, home-study course teaches everything— Theory, Manufacture and Application! TU BES FREE! Send your name for free booklet describing NEON’S opportunities. 1 FREE LESSON excerpta sent with complete date, ош be amazed at the very LOW COST! Write TODAY! COMMERCIALITE LABORATORIES, Box 47, Omaha, Nebr. "New Motor Driven” DELTA SHOP TOOLS PRACTICAL, efficient and compact-——the new ‘Delta’ quality tools are in use today in many thousands of home work- shops and factories all over theworld, Ideal for hobby work, spare-lime money making, or production work. The Delta line includes: Clrcular Saws, Drill Presses, Band Saws, Lathes, Scroll Saws, Jointers, and full line of accessories. Priced with- in the reach of all. . Write for complete Delta cetalog, DELTA MFG. COMPANY, 3775 N. Holton St., Write for CATALOG! Dert. M735 milwaukee, Wisc. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 27 GOVERNMENT CLERK z $1260 to $2100 a Year PICK YOUR FUTURE JOB Men, Boys—18 to 50 MANY EARLY EXAMINATIONS EXPECTED Railway Postal Clerks get $1,900 the first year, on regu- lar, being paid on the first and fifteenth of each month. ($79.17 each pay day.) Their pay is quickly increased, the maximum being $2,700 a year. ($112.50 each pay day.) "TRAVEL for з Days On—3 Days Off—Full Pay Railway Postal Clerks on long runs, usually work 3 days and have 3 days off duty or in the same proportion. During this off duty their pay continues just as though they were working. They travel on a pass when on business, When they grow old they are retired with a pension. City Mail Carriers, Post Office Clerks Clerks and Carriers now com- mence at $1,700 a year and auto- matically increase $100 a year to $2,100 and $2.300. Customs and Immigrant Inspector Salary $2,100 to start. Men 21 to 45. Work connected with examining immigrants and merchandise entering the country from foreign parts. You Can Get Them . Experience is usually unnecessary and political influence m oes permitted. Let us show you how to get a government job. Get Free List of Positions Fill out the following coupon. "Tear 1t off and mail it today—now, at once. This investment may result in your getting a life big-pald gov- ernment job, ти анан w—— ee ee —— FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, Dept. $-306, Rochester, N. Y. Rush io me entirely free of charge (1) a full deseriplion of the position checked below; (2) Free Copy of 32-page book, ‘‘[low to G:t а U. 5. Government Job''; (3) A list of U. М. Government Jobs; (4) Tell me how io get a Government Job. [1 Rallway Postal Clerk (Start $1900 year) O Post Office Clerk . Start 1700 year) О City май Carrier . Start 1700 year) O Office Clerk—File Start 1260 year) Г) Inspector of Customs Start 2100 y2ar) Immigrant Inspector , Start 2100 year) Use This Coupon Before You Mislay It

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CROSS the Atlantic at express train speed plows the Normandie, newly-completed French Line ocean liner, to make a June third appointment at pier 88, gigantic terminal built especially for this queen of the seas at the foot of West 48th Street in New York City. The Normandie’s speed of 30 knots is equive alent to almost 35 miles an hour, the speed of the average passenger train. Four monster electric motors develop a total of 160,000 horsepower, equivalent to the combined pull- ing power of one hundred locomotives. This 1,029-foot ship, the largest in the world, will be able to make the trans-Atlantic crossing in less than five days, even in the stormiest weather. On the maiden voyage between Havre and New York, the public will be permitted to inspect this magnificent floating city. Then will come regular twice-monthly round trips on a speed schedule never before achieved between the United States and Europe. Literally a floating electric power plant, the Normandie is able to produce enough elec- tricity to supply the entire lighting and power demands of a city the size of Boston. If the output of this power plant were used for other purposes than propulsion of the ship, it would light 5,000,000 ordinary household light bulbs, 28 operate more than 3,000 street cars, supply more than 140,000 first class radio stations, or even, by pumping water continually for a year, lower the level of Lake Michigan ten feet. The four largest motors ever built, develop- ing 40,000 h. p. each, are mounted directly on the shafts of the four three-leaf, 23-ton screws which will propel the boat. Completely loaded, the giant liner will dis- place almost 80,000 tons of sea water. The hull itself weighing about 30,000 tons, required many forgings weighing up to 74 tons each. High-strength steel was used at the vital parts to give the required rigidity with less bulk. So complete and varied are the facilities awaiting passengers on board the Normandie that it would be perfectly possible to spend a lifetime on the water. Medical care, amuse- ments, and sports, as well as food and shelter, are amply provided. More nearly fireproof than any other ship afloat, the Normandie has no fire-detecting or fighting apparatus on the bridge. Instead, a fire department with a staff of twenty-four professional firemen is maintained in the cen- ter of the ship, ready to respond to calls from any part of the two-block long vessel. Smoke-detecting devices, excess-tempera- Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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The four 40,000 h.p. electric motors of the Normandie develop a power equivalent to that of 100 giant passenger locomotives. Right—One of the three-leaf, 23-ton screws. ture thermostats, and fire alarm boxes located throughout the ship are connected to indicat- ing switchboards in the central headquarters. Another board registers the locations at all times of firemen making regular rounds of in- spection of the ship. These men must report every twenty minutes. Although complete chemical fire fighting equipment is at hand ready for instant use, the Security Officer and his trained men carry out the highly specialized work of combating fires even before the disastrous flames can get a start. Walls of all cabins are made up of a sheet of duralumin between layers of an asbestos material which is covered with fireproof paint. The sounding of a fire alarm will automati- cally close all ventilators in the section of the Magazine, July, 1935 ship involved, eliminating fire-feeding drafts. Any one room can be completely flooded by inserting a hose line through an emergency hole in the ceiling, by means of a device in- vented by Captain Rene Pugnet, the Nor- mandie’s commander. Phosphorescent signs throughout the ship will point the way to the life boats even though all the ship’s lights fail. The largest ocean dining room in the world, 300 feet long and three stories high, will al- ways be at the same comfortable temperature, even though it is entirely “inside,” with not a window or skylight. Latest American air- conditioning equipment will manufacture its artificial weather. Not a single electric bulb [Continued on page 145] 29

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Earth Circling Phone Call Speeds from Tomorrow into Today Map shows path of 23,000- mile phone call which circled globe in V4 second to set new Radio and carry distance record. cable helped conversation around the world. Streamlined Train Patented In 1865 NVENTORS who look too far into the future, pioneering too far in advance of current custom and usage, can hardly expect to profit financially from their patented ideas, according to recent evidence uncovered in the patent office. The streamlined train, for example, is not new. The first one was patented back in 1865 by Samuel R. Calthrop of Massachusetts. But seventy years ago the railroads were not prepared for streamlining since light-weight, stainless steel and the Diesel engine were not available. The Inventors Foundation investigation re- vealed that simple, everyday devices bring more reward than basic inventions. The airplane, telephone and automobile are said to have given their inventors scant re- turn, whereas the collar button, peg golf tee and metal bottle cap have earned millions.’ Top—Streamlined "Zephyr," had a forerunner shown in lower photo, patented in 1865. Because railroads were not ready for streamlining 70 years ago, patent was useless. 30 TWO-WAY telephone con- versation, covering 23,000 miles and reaching completely around the globe, recently set a new distance and time record in the offices of the American Tele- phone and Telegraph Company in New York. Over wires, submarine cables and short wave radio, the voice impulses sped, covering this amaz- ing distance in a quarter of a second. Тһе two speakers, presi- dent and vice-president of the firm, sat within 50 feet, of each other as they talked over the circuit. Their voices, crossing the international date line far out in the Pacific, went from today into tomorrow and back again into today. One voice was carried by wire from New York to San Francisco where it was magnified many millions of times and hurled 9,000 miles across the Pacific by short wave radio to Java where it was re- broadcast to Amsterdam. Submarine cables beneath the North Sea completed the circuit to London where it -was hurled back at America via radio. The answering voice traveled in the opposite direction. two-way Student-Made Plane Hits 325 m.p.h. B. A. Armstrong (left) in- structor-designer, and W. C. Rogers, pilot, who smashed world record with above plane. STUDENT-BUILT racing plane, hitting 325 m. p. h., recently surpassed by 11 miles the land speed record held by France. Built by students of a Louisiana trades school, the plane reached 250 m. p. h. on its maiden flight. The high mark was not official. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Ball-Shaped TRAIN Pulled By Magnets HE “bullet-flash,” most radical idea in railroad design since the recent advent of streamlining, has just been conceived by a ` Swiss engineer. Based on electro-magnetic principles, the new ball-shaped iron horse is expected to roll on standard-size rails at a speed as high as 300 m. p. h. The outer rotating ball contains a station- ary inner chamber for carrying passengers. Giant magneto arcs, located at 300-yard in- tervals, are expected to provide the pulling power. After passing under an arc, the ball automatically throws a switch shutting off the electro-magnet and is attracted to the next magnet-arc on the rails. One of the special features of the uncon- ventional "bullet-flash" is that it can be operated over normal rails and roadbeds without radical changes. The one-wheel sys- tem is claimed by its inventor to be especially practical for use in mountainous areas. The engineer displayed his model to rail- road officials. If further tests are satisfactory, a full-size test train may be built in Switzer- land. Photo at upper left shows. model of ball- shaped train of future zooming over rails. Its speed is expected to reach 300 m.p.h. Mag- neto arcs provide the locomotion. Above— Metal ball train stops at depot. Inset reveals inner passenger cham- ber of ball which re- mains stationary as outer shell rotates. The Swiss “bullet-flash” threatens to revolu- tionize railroading. Tear-Drop Auto Has 5 h.p. Motor ESEMBLING an airplane with wings re- moved, a new “baby” car undergoing trial in England is expected to make a strong bid for international honors in forthcoming speed runs. Equipped with a 414-h. p. motor, the oddly- shaped racer is so small that after the driver is fitted into the seat the cowling is placed over him. When engaged in racing, the driver is com- pletely encased in his tear-drop car. The engine in the English speeder is located in the rear. Victor Stafford, famous British racer, is seen at the controls of a new powerful midget car which will attempt to break existing international speed records. car has its engine behind the driver who must be lowered into his car and the cowling placed over him. Magazine, July, 1935 The The auto resembles an airplane stripped of wings. 31

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POLICE Seeking killer cars, California Highway Patrol officers stop all autos suspected to be in bad condition, and immediately test brakes. command, by MAXWELL REID GRANT AR has been declared on killer cars! As an unprecedented wave of auto deaths stains the nation's highways, the chief traffic arteries of the country are being turned into a huge open-road laboratory, where a host of new schemes are being tried out. Police are invoking science to learn what makes accidents and how to prevent them. The latest developments range from radio “courts of the air” and sensational movies of actual crashes, to resilient highway fences that absorb the impact of careening cars, and sodium-vapor lamps that create artificial daylight for night driving. Mechanical brains play a large part by “thinking out" the causes of accidents as re- vealed by statistics. Their findings have de- bunked many pet theories, have set up these startling new facts: Mist and rain do not increase, but actually reduce hazard. Fewest accidents occur in the worst weather; drivers instinctively fear skidding and drive with more care on wet pavement, Fast driving in city traffic does not save time. A car going thirty miles an hour across town gets there just as soon as one going forty-five or fifty. Your car’s brakes must be—and are 32 A brake testing box is clamped to the running board, the car is speeded up, and then stopped suddenly at the officer’s Impact of sudden stop swings pendulum inside box, meter showing stopping distance from 20 m.p.h. speed. three or four times as powerful as its engine. Chief Davis of the Los Angeles Police De- partment says that the automobile is one of the modern world's worst killers. “Auto deaths,” he states, “now outnumber homicides three-to-one; suicides, two-to-one. Each year we actually spend a half billion dollars more for accidents than for new cars. Economic loss through auto crashes is four times the national fire loss. Statistics show that more than half—perhaps 90%—of these accidents are caused by a small group of irre- DEATH TOLL OF 1934 KILLER CARS HOW DEATH CAME: Pedestrians hit Stationary object collisions Collisions between autos ... Collisions with other vehicle 1934 Killer Car Death Toll No. Killed 15,950 8,850 8,570 2,630 882,000 1,000,000 Collisions involving personal injury . Persons injured—nearly .. . AUTO DRIVERS KILLED 22,100 BY: Exceeding speed limit Being on wrong side of road Contesting right of way Driving off road Driving recklessly Passing cars and cutting in Miscellaneous causes Fatal Accidents Due to Drivers Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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On KILLER CARS! Captain Stevens of the California Highway Patrol points out a headlight test chart used in war on killer cars. stopped a definite distance ahead of chart; those whose headlight sponsible drivers numbering only 7% of the population. The odds this year are 1 to 100 that you will be involved in an auto accident. Your chances of being killed in an accident are 1 in 3,500. This means that, within the next five years, some one of a group of twenty of your close friends will be killed or injured in a motor vehicle accident. To save the 40,000 lives which in 1935 will be needlessly sacri- ficed if the rising trend of auto deaths continues, traffic authori- ties throughout the -country are declaring war on killer cars and killer drivers. To test the results of “unre- stricted speed,” motorists on a wide ‘California boulevard were allowed to “step on it” to their hearts’ content. In just two days, speeds became so excessive that it was almost impossible for a pedes- trian to cross. Accidents, injuries, and deaths piled up overnight and the experiment had to be stopped before it was fairly started. Killer cars and killer drivers make accidents like this. At high speeds, autos bounce and roll like rubber balls, showering splinters of glass and metal which kill and maim. In the United States alone, drivers exceeding speed limits killed . 6,850 in 1934. What will be the 1935 death toll? Magazine, July, 1935 t Autos are beams go above upper black line get tickets. More than 1,000 cars ordinarily pass through such a test trap in one shift, Unless defects in lights are corrected at once, fines are imposed. A sharp increase in traffic deaths on the busy Bay Shore Highway near San Fran- cisco, prompted another drastic experiment. Night and day, motorcycle officers patrolled this boulevard, under orders from Highway Patrol Chief E. Raymond Cato to stop all [Continued on page 125] 33

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Modern Pioneers Invade Last Frontier to Build New Colony ee Above — Typical group of transient camp workers pre- pare to leave for Alaska to start Uncle Sam’s rehabilitation : project in the Ma- tanuska Valley. Each family gets 40 acres and a loan of $3,000. Left—One of party leaders fits colonist with head netting to be used in fighting mosquito plagues. Smallest Plane Is Easy to Fly HAT is believed to- be the tiniest plane in existence was recently demonstrated in England. The 5-h. p. single-seater, equipped with a motorcycle engine, is said to reach a speed of 50 m. p.h. The inventor claims that even an inexperienced person can learn to fly the plane in one day. Robert Kronfeld, rec- ord-breaking glider pilot, demonstrates new plane equipped with motorcycle engine, HERE’S a new rush on in Alaska these days, but the attraction is not gold. Mod- ern pioneers, jobless, depression-hurt, are Alaska-bound with their wives and children to start life anew in the fertile valley of Ma- tanuska. Here in an area of 200 square miles the government has set aside 40-acre family tracts where, under proper supervision, mar- ried newcomers will break fresh ground for farms, log cabins, stores, schools and churches. Sixty teams of horses, 150 cows, 5,000 chickens, five well drills, two snow plows and several tractors will be taken to the new community. The site of the village is near Anchorage. Generator Converted Into Drill — Operating drill made with Ford generator and set of parts. OMPLETE sets of parts are now available for converting an ordinary Model T Ford generator into a heavy duty electric drill. Special gearing reduces the motor speed io 370 r.p.m., providing sufficient power to handle 34-inch drills. The motor operates on 32 or 110-volt A. C. or D. C. Midget Gas Motor Is Compact NEW 56-h.p. air - cooled, gasoline engine, light weight and compact, has been put on the market for use in operating wash- ing machines. Midget car build- ers also might adapt the tiny four-cycle motor for propelling А Two views of midget motor for their racers. ы use in operating wash-machines. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Sky Letter Uses 8,000,000 cu. ft of Smoke ALETI FIRST WILLOW TREE GREW FROM A LUNCH BASKET !—/00d was brought Zo LHS counlybytheeazily |: TATArS I ADM BISKETS, According ta lepend, Banjamin Landa FOUL WO ,, Леле DAT Do H “ad ditch, When transplanted Zte shoors grew ito LEER Ae AIL. ; | Ё Hinneapols Man He E Nic Sprank in ODDITIES of Science S]Ky-WRITERS USE 8,000,000 CUBIC FEET OF SMOKE FOR ONE LETTER! — The stoke producing, ¢pparatius generales 250,000 cbi Téef of stoke per Second. The average shy letter zy опе half to one rile high. Robert Kail sor, Pueri Mn. | IIIDDEN POWERI—4^ the energy used [4 | zaling the hook of 2. | teledhore оле foot | were changed into | elect Tox! energy, | would be sutticient | | tovibratethe diaphram | of the receiver coutintally | | for (0G000 years — Joe Jü/tusorz, Selma, Bd F HOUSE ELIES CAN Q PRODUCE 191,010,000,000,000,000,000 YOUNG IN FOUR MONTHS! Арий оле- : eighth cubic dct per foy this ZUmDer If cick would cover'the earth, 47 feet deep- Теа Beaver Champaigi Л. Win $1! Send your Oddity of Science to Nic Sprank, Modern Mechanix & Inventions Magazine, 529 South 7th Street, ' Minneapolis. None accepted unless source or proof is given. Magazine, July, 1935 © Do not include oddities with other manuscripts or letters. 35

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; €. H. Purcell, chief engineer of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge, wishes ill Reed a safe dive as he descends the dder of the "Active" into. mine the foundations 4 ge ject. Diver Reed used doc pe [ a metal rod to examine the concrete. T IS a far cry from the old diving days of manually operated air-pump and the jerked-cord signals to the modern air com- pressor and the portable telephone used by divers of today, but the romance and danger of diving remain. I have been engaged in deep sea diving for the past 28 years and during that time I have had some mighty close calls with death. You get so you accept what happens below surface as a matter of course, but I had my worst experience when, while working at a depth of 150 feet, my airline parted. It was on the Southern Pacific Bridge job. I had been down for some time inspecting a caisson when I realized that my air flow had ceased. By shutting the emergency valve instantly I knew I could conserve what air was in the dress. That would last only a period of seconds before turning to carbon dioxide, a gas that will not sustain life. It takes time to bring a man up from the depth working with utmost haste. The crew above knew what had happened and they were doing their best. It was a harrowing two minutes before I saw the light at the top. I didn't feel any ill effects till the next morning. When I awakened, I realized the sight of one eye was gone. The doctor said the extreme pressure had severed the nerve. Perhaps that helps to account for the fact that compensa- tion insurance rated on divers is the highest in the world. People ask me about thrills, adventures, narrow escapes, and all that. Well, after you've been doing something 28 years, it's really much of a routine thing. People seem io think that the life of a deep water diver is just a series of battles with man-eating sharks and devil fish, or searches through old wrecks for sunken gold. It isn't much like that. It is mostly grubbing around in the mud at the bottoms of rivers and harbors, inspecting

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. by WILLIAM REED Holder of World's Record _. Undersea Dive, t __ аз told to Charles W. Geiger "The swirling tide made a plaything of my safety rope. It entangled. When I was ready to ascend to the sur- —face, I was caught. Making a quick decision, I cut the safety rope. Only the rub- er hose supplying me with ir was left by which to pull “me to the surface. A weak spot in the hose, a jerk of the and the water would have filled my diving suit.” This is just one of the thrilling . episodes in this story of ad- venture beneath the sea. — tide, a split in the rubber, Here is William Reed, the — champion diver, who tells of his harrowing experiences beneath the sea in the ac- companying story. The com- position helmet shown con- tains earphones. The metal head piece is fastened to the collar of the suit. Note the heavy safety rope which Reed had to cut when it entartgled. pier foundations, fishing for broken cables, seeing if old hulls are worth raising. — One moment there is the queer figure of a = diver on his ladder with his steel shod shoes and his helmet and breastplate of steel. The next there is just a hissing and gurgling of air and a trail of bubbles from the sea depths to mark where the human being is laboring in mud and slime of the ocean floor. But romance and danger of diving remain. Many people ask me what I think about when I’m being lowered into the depths of the water. Of course, the only thing I think about is the job Pm going to do when I get down to the bottom. No, the thought of danger never enters my mind. I'm just as apt to get hurt erossing Market street in San Francisco (and probably more apt to) than when I am walk- ing along the floor of San Francisco Bay. The main idea in diving is to see that your apparatus is in apple-pie order, then to go down quick, keep your head while you are down, and come up slow after you have 37

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finished what you went down to do. When you are working deep down on the bottom of the bay, tons of water are press- ing in on you. As you rise, the pressure slacks off, and if it decreases too rapidly your body can’t adjust itself to the change and a nitrogen bubble is apt to form in the ‘blood stream. That means awful agony, and sometimes death. So, I am never in any hurry about coming to the surface, or in leaving the decompres- sion chamber after reaching the surface. In the chamber you are under artificial air pressure, that is lightened gradually, for hours. Of course, in 28 years of diving, you have lots of things happen to you out of the ordinary—what people call thrills, only you are generally too busy at the time to think of them as anything else than a job that has to be done. 38 In this decompres- sion chamber the _ diver gradually be- comes accustomed - to air pressure on the surface after ` making a dive to avoid the “bends.” _ Ait compressor is . in foreground with air purifier at left. steam room , massage of I will never forget the hours { spent hanging under water against the side of the old hos- pital ship “Graf Waldersie" during the war. . She was rammed by a freighter about 125 miles.off the New Jersey Coast when she was returning to America with 2000 wounded American soldiers. They couldn't transfer the wounded men to another ship, and they couldn't tow her in—the water was gaining on her pumps too fast. We got the SOS and the message that a diver might be able to help. I flew out with my diving outfit and went down the side of the ship. There was a wicked big hole below the water line with the ocean pouring in plenty fast. I never worked so hard in my life rigging a temporary patch and trying to hold it in place to stop some of that water and give the pumps a chance to keep the vessel and those wounded boys afloat. We finally got her past Sandy [Continued on page 121] In background is —

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Largest Gondola to Carry sr EA Into Stratosphere HE largest gondola ever constructed for strato- sphere exploration will take to the air to delve once more into the ceiling of the world. Nine feet in diameter, weigh- ing 638 pounds, the metal ball , will house more than a ton and a half of costly instruments. In addition, Captain Albert W. Stevens and his aides will carry aloft four tons of ballast. To determine the space-saving lo- cation of the pieces of cargo, a scale model is being used. The big ball will earry an aerial camera mounted in the wall to photograph the curva- ture of the earth. A 5-inch port hole will permit sky studies. A radio antenna, projecting through two outlets near the top of the gondola, will enable the flyers to broadcast observations. ments. Brain Tester Records Thoughts SCALP ` -NEEDLE Needles placed in scalp and ear of subject send amplified signals to recording tape. Here wave patterns show elec- trical changes which take place during rest and activity. LECTRICAL changes which occur with- in the human brain during periods of rest and activity are recorded by means of a scientifically marvellous instrument recently developed at the Harvard Medical school. Needles placed in the subject’s scalp and ear transmit the brain reactions to vacuum tube amplifiers and thence to a recording tape where the wave pattern is written. Pat- terns made while sleeping or fainting differ. from “waking” patterns. Scale model, shown in front of 9-foot gondola, determines location of instru. — Right—Capt. Albert W. Stevens mounts aerial camera inside gondola. Dwarf Radio Tubes Made of Metal REATER ef- ficiency, longer life and better reception are claimed for the new un- breakable metal radio. tubes re- cently intro- duced. Half the : size of glass tubes, the metal tubes are said to aid short-wave reception. Photo shows exterior and cutaway view of new metal amplifier tube. "Covered Wagon" Box Car Designed VEN the new light-weight freight cars have succumbed to the streamlined vogue. Resembling covered wagons, the *boxes" have rounded roofs, shock absorbers and are built of rust-proof metals. “Covered Wilt box car, light in weight, has rounded rust-proof roof,

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Ceiling Movies ROUT Fears of Patient Dr. Lawrence J. Obrey of Boston is shown en- gaged in examining a young patient's teeth, while the youth, unmind- ful of the hum of the dental drill, ^ watches movies flashed on the ceiling to divert his at- tention from possible pain. Cartoon comedies are most popular. Each reel runs 20 minutes or the duration of one visit. Garbage Used In Building Tile ASTE materials and almost every bit of discarded garbage are being used in the manufacture of inexpensive tile for use in Berlin’s house-building program. The discovery was made by Aretz, noted German chemist, whose tests have revealed the fibrous tile both tough and durable. Non- inflammable, it ean be sewn, nailed, plastered or wallpaper-covered. The tile is claimed to possess the insulating properties of cork. s Aretz, famous German chemist, displays a slab of tile made from waste materials. It is a low-cost non-burning insulator. 40 BOSTON dentist has discovered a new sort of “anesthetic,” in the form of motion pictures, which he claims is so effective that patients refuse to leave the chair at the conclusion of their dental work. One pecu- liar effect of the new “drug” is that it soothes harsh feelings against dentists. Patients no longer fear the semi-annual visit.. The movies, projected on the office ceiling, divert the patients’ attention as the doctor fixes their teeth. Mickey Mouse and Popeye the Sailor pic- tures are most populer with the younger patients, according to the doctor. Measures Light Intensity In Fog O DETERMINE the decrease in intensity of light passing through layers of dust, fog or smoke, Westinghouse engineers use a laboratory “smoke box.” А foot-candle ineter mounted inside the box measures the change in beam intensity as the voltage across the lamp and the artificially-created “atmos- phere" are varied within the chamber. A light meter placed in the fog chamber measures variations in beam intensity as atmospheric conditions are changed. Has Ribbon Blades Harmless Fan ILK ribbons, held in loops, form the blades of a harmless electrie fan re- cently demon- strated at the In- dustrial Arts Ex- position in New York. The rib- bons giveastand- ard pitch when rotating and are said to be able to throwacurrentof air ten feet away. This looped ribbon fan is claimed to throw air currents ten feet away. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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ARTIST SKETCHES WORLD'S GREATEST DAM This recent sketch of Boulder Dam shows the greatest engineering project of its kind now nearing completion. Prepáred by Charles H. Owens of the Los Angeles Times, this drawing gives an unusual view of the entire structure and shows an infinite amount of detail not revealed in the many photographs that have been taken of this huge $165,000,000 project. : Magazine, July, 1935 41

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by JAMES ARBAUGH as told to Annie Dyer Nunn. Editor’s Note: Today, after 27 years of life under the big top, James Arbaugh is con- sidered one of the world’s greatest artists of the flying trapeze. Hard work and cheering circus crowds are his life and happiness; read this story, told in his own words, of the thrills and dangers that await an aerial acrobat. ELLS FLOTO circus was in full swing, and the Coliseum in Chicago was filled to capacity. All eyes were trained on the Fly- ing Wards. I was one of them, nine per- formers skimming through the air nearly a hundred feet above the sawdust ring. In ‘doing a double cut away to my wife, I was to catch to a bar in her hands, as she swung head downward to meet me. She was an instant too quick and hooked me under the knees! I just missed her face with my flying feet. I rode the swing to the end where I changed from my hocks to my hands and finished the act as usual. The house roared. Apparently, we had done an extremely clever trick. No one guessed that the stunt was unheard of, or that I had barely escaped a terrific fall and Mrs. Arbaugh a facial injury. Because you’ve never seen a trapeze actor fall, don’t imagine we are immune. We have plenty of falls and our minor injuries are legion. I've seen leapers get their teeth knocked out by flying bars, and have had the arteries in my arms, and in those of my catcher, burst from the impact when I came out of a full double twister. But, compara- tively speaking, our actual crack-ups are few. I have had four, the worst being in Minne- 42 In this twisting somer- sault, originated Ьу Arbaugh, he is just starting to bend down for the forward somer. ' sault to bar in hands of catcher at the right A DICTIONARY OF THE FLYING TRAPEZE . CASTING—-Losing control of mind and body for a short or long interval while whirling through the air. CATCHER—A performer who hangs from a trapeze, catching acrobats who fling themselves through space. DOUBLE CUTAWAY—-A ‘backward somersault to а bar in the hands of the catcher. DOUBLE TWISTER—A difficult trapeze trick in- cluding a pirouette and a somersault, БОГЕ DOUBLE TWISTER—Two-somersaults and a pirouctte. ` HOCKS-—The legs of aerial acrobats. - MECHANICC-—A safety belt with rope, used to pre- vent falls when practicing ‘new trapeze stunts. NET—-A strong -but resilient cord netting stretched about six feet above the -floor, directly under the trapezes. Р PIROUETTE—A whirl іп perpendicular fashion from left to right, in the air. T BAR—A small trapeze inside a tree: one. TRAPEZE—A short horizontal bar suspended from rigging by two parallel ropes. TRIPLE SOMERSAULT—Three head over heel spins through the air. apolis when I got a shoulder so badly dislo- cated it required the combined strength of four men to pull it back in place. In this connection, a comparison of the records of Alfreda Cordona and Ernest Clarke, among the greatest of trapeze per- formers today, is interesting. Clarke has never had a serious accident in his life; while Cordona has had several, and even now is training to come back after a frightful shoulder injury received a year ago when Modern Mechanix & Inventions.

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doing a triple somersault. Perhaps he is a bit more reckless than Clarke, who prides him- self on never taking any unnecessary risks. Cordona did not use a mechanic when learning the triple somersault; it was in his way, he said. A mechanic is a heavy leather belt about the waist of the performer, at- tached to ropes suspended from the ceiling of the gymnasium. A person on the ground watches the contraption and keeps the per- former from falling by taking up the slack in the ropes. Of course, this is used only in practice work. On the other hand, Clarke favors a me- [Continued on page 144] 2 OVER 24 MILES of rope ч ‘ables are Jos in the aerial Tiggings of the Ringling & Barnum circus when in Madi- son Square Garden, New York City. Under the big top - .this figure increases to 41 miles. There are 60,000 feet - ot rope in the meshes and guy ropes of the nets alone. © f IN GUY” of a circus is not the boss, but. a wire | cable holding the center poles in place. pos NNIE ROONEY, with a star double trapeze act to her : credit, gets dizzy when she looks out of high windows. Elevators. frighten her! zs HELEN WALLENDA, member of the Wallen nda act xs : forming breathtaking stunts on the high wire, fainted he first saw a newsreel showing of her ct : ГА IRAPEZE BAR BREAKS each time Mil _ newcomer to the American circus world, goes through - her act! Poised 60 feet above the sawdust ring, with no - _ nets "below, she dives еам for a т fifteen feet - Я ос тот July, 1935 his brother Lalo $125. - = CATCHING 200 CUES for that many ‘different numbers, : а Gillette, а _ : йок: more American - developed, no other clown will copy it. Felix ‘the famous of the “Joeys”, has : 5 end. of his apple-like nose. B ue. in means a fall and ossibly serious in juries, despite the met, dn aerial acts like this, Left to right: Irma Ward, America’s premier aerialist, James Arbaugh—author of this article and his wife, Jessie Papin: who sometimes acts as his catcher. MALTESE CROSS RIGGING is d by Papa tari апі his family of aerial acrobats. Trapezes are arranged = 1 - along the bars of the cross, rather than in one line. _ Performers. work in two directions, whizzing past each other in mid-air, А collision or ev a slight h might mean disaster, |. - A TROUPE MANAGER pays his performers. according о : what he thinks they are worth: Though Alfredo Cordona _ could get dozens of good catchers for $75 a Weeki he paid the Merle Evans band plays continuously for me hours at each Ringling & Barnum performance. _ me 'OLICE- DEPARTMENT. is carried along by every big John Brice, chief of the Ringling police force, niefs of police than anyone else, _ _ CLOWNS COPYRIGHT their faces. Once a clown ap- _ pears in the ring with a new facial make-up he has — ix At 43

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Wades in Rubber Boat to Hunt and Fish Pilots Train In Strato-Chamber SPECIAL stratosphere squadron is being trained at Mount Celio, to help Italy re- tain her mastery of the upper air. To be eligible for the squad, pilots must undergo severe medical tests. They are placed in a huge air chamber where condi- tions encountered during an icy, gruelling climb into rarefied air are reproduced, Thin air usually found 60,000 feet above the earth is “manufactured” in the chamber. Students must breathe this air for several hours with- out showing ill effects. This unique rubber boat is worn like a suit when navi- gating lakes and streams. It permits free use of the arms when hunting and fishing. Foot-flaps seen in photo above aid wearer in “paddling” boat over water. DOUGHNUT - SHAPED wading suit, which literally enables the hunter or fisherman to go walking on water, is the latest aid for the sportsman. The buoyancy outfit is made of rubber and may be inflated with an ordinary pump. . When blown up sufficiently to support the wearer in water, the sportsman steps into the rubber circle, slid- ing his head through an opening in the webbing. In this way the suit is supported at the crotch and shoulders and permits free move- ments of the limbs. High top rub- ber boots are of course essential. The portable doughnut is launched by wading out into the lake until the boat floats on the surface. Foot-flaps attached to the boots propel the boat as the legs beat the water. The boat is: claimed to be equally suited for duck-hunting as well as fishing.in heretofore inaccessible spots. Roads *"Soaped" to Resist Water OAP emulsion mixed with oil recently was found to be more successful in treating the surfaces of Missouri’s cquntry roads than when oil alone was applied. While oil-treated soil slaked down in a day, the addition of soap made the surface resistant to water for more than a year. Two trial roads were built for the special laboratory tests. Italy is making a determined effort to retain the stratosphere record which she now holds for high-flying airplanes. A “strato-squadron,”” to which only pilots of ability who have passed severe tests can belong, has recently been formed. Major Pezzi-Glario (center) in picture at left above heads the squad. Right——Aspirant breathing thin air in stratosphere chamber. 44 Modern Mechanix & Inventions .

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| Collapsible Bike Trailer Has Comfortable Bunk for Camper COLLAPSIBLE bicycle trailer which | сап be converted into comfortable sleep- ing quarters has been built by Joseph Do- rocke, 25-year-old Chicago youth. With it he intends to make an 8-months bicycle tour of America, retiring at night in his ingenious sleeping compartment. The trailer resembles a box camera with an extended bellows. Ready for travel, the 50-pound outfit measures only four feet long and two feet square. It is supported on the road by two standard bicycle wheels. When an inner compartment is pulled out, the enclosed bed extends to eight feet, fur- nishing sufficient space for the average per- son. The roof is hinged and may be closed in case of adverse weather. Color Movies Require No Filters ATURAL color movies for amateur cam- eramen are now possible by a new process which coats the film base with emulsions sen- sitive to red, green and blue, thus eliminating the need for special filters in average filming. The emulsions are separated by gelatin layers. An extremely complex system is used in proc- essing the fin- ished print. One stop larger than usual is required in making color RAW FILM NEGATIVE BLUE SENSITIVE EMULSION "GREEN n o ono Ч RED "n n FILM SUPPORT new film. Filters movies with the ' ANTIHALATION eee Above sketch shows cross-section of new 16 mm. color film. Note the three-color sensitive emulsions separated by gelatin layers. Or- dinary filming requires no filters. are recom- mended only in haze-cutting and color correction in artificial light- ing. New Ice Sheet May Crush Earth MOUNTAIN of ice, encircling the globe and snuffing out all civilization, is pre- dicted by Dr. Max Waldemar Kurniker for 20,000 years hence. Dr. Kurniker points to the coming of a new ice age which, togetber with the gradual movement of the moon closer to the earth, foreshadows a catastrophe sev- eral thousand years into the future. The sud- den deluge will descend from the north, crushing New York and turning Los Angeles into an arctic waste. Magazine, July, 1935 Joseph Dorocke of Chicago is shown asleep in his home- made bicycle trailer. When traveling, the extended com- partment slides into the compact four-foot “pullman” box. Streamlined Twin Hits 104 m.p.h. REAKING all rail records between Chi- cago and the Twin Cities, one of the Burlington road’s new streamlined trains re- cently hit a top speed of 104 m.p.h. during a test run. The 431-mile run was made in slightly more than 5% hours at an average speed of 77.5 m.p.h. The twin trains now operate on a regular 642-hour schedule at 66.2 m.p.h. between Chicago and St. Paul. 'The Burlington's streamlined twins are shown at the Chicago station. In recent tests a speed of 104 m.p.h. was attained. 45

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DEBUNKING 22067 by CAPTAIN GEORGE J. B. FISHER, Chemical Warfare Service, U. S. Army, as told to James Nevin Miller NORMOUS cities blanketed with death- dealing gas fumes. Citizens rushing about in panic as enemy planes roar over- | | head. Thousands of lives snuffed out in a i| Blindganger!! | . few minutes. Countless humans coughing Lebensgefahr! | and screaming with fear, fighting among a themselves to reach subterranean gas-proof cellars. This is the terrifying picture so frequently painted by fiction writers, the movies, and the sensational press about the horrors of poison gas in the next war. But is the picture a true one? Is there any basis in fact for it? No, says the Chemical Warfare Service of the United States Army. After more than twenty years experimenta- tion with every kind of poison gas known to science, the nation’s acknowledged authority on the subject has come to the conclusion that gas is the “bogey man” of war. During mimic bomb and gas at- tack on Berlin, Ger- man soldiers set up signs warning citi- zens their lives were in danger. City was plunged in dark- ness, civilians hid in - cellars during raid. Above—Berlin street cleaners, at- tired in gas masks, counteract effects of poison gas by washing streets with special preparation following mimic air raid. Гей ‘Transportable shelter developed by France to save civilians during gas attacks. During raids, rescue workers set up shelters, find over- come citizens, and revive them in the shelter which holds 5 persons.

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Gar WAR SCARES Europe is preparing for war. Her people are being drilled to use gas masks and to fight poison gas air raids. Will deadly gas wipe out American cities, destroy U. S. armies? Here are an expert’s views on this “bogey man” of war. Uncle Sam’s chemists, convinced that the public has a right to know the real facts, even go so far as to say that as much as 12,000 tons of mustard gas, most devastating of all war time gases, could not possibly wipe out a big city’s population. . Not once in history has an aerial gas attack ever been launched against a city. While this method un- doubtedly will be tried in the next war, such an at- tempted slaughter of de- fenseless millions actually is no more and no less than a fantastic dream. Even in the World War, with hundreds of thou- sands soldiers massed in open fields, apparently GAS IS EFFECTIVE WEAPON SAYS EUROPEAN EXPERT Although he admits that poison gas is the feast destructive weapon in modern warfare, Dr. Herbert Levinstein, one of the leading poison gas experts on the Allied side during the war, declares it is one of the most effective weapons for incapacitating enemy troops and throwing civilians into panic. He claims that gas has not made war more dangerous because only a small percentage of Qas casualties result in death. “It has introduced fresh possibilities of effecting a strategic surprise which is quite different," he said. “Far more destruction of property, greater mortality and suffering are caused by dropping high explosive or incendiary bombs from aircraft than by using gas-filled bombs or shells.” He added that gas probably would be more effective, however, because it caused panic among uninstructed, unprotected civilians. perfect targets for aerial gas attacks, this method was not as destructive as other weapons of war. To prove this conclusively to the skeptical-minded, the Chemical War- fare Service cites these facts and figures. As little as 20 milligrams of mus- tard gas absorbed into the lungs will cause death. At first glance it would seem, therefore, that 12,000 tons of this chemi- cal could wipe out a third of the population of the United States. However, this quantity of mustard gas was actually used dur- ing the World War. True it incapacitated 350,000 men. But only 2.5 per cent of them died. Thus Smoke screens laid over a city by planes will tnake it difficult for enemy ait taiders to launch bomb and gas at- tack. To drop gas raiding planes must fly low, making them vulnerable to anti-aircraft fire. No gas raids were attempted during the World War.

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MIMIC AIR RAIDS TRAIN CITIZENS IN GAS WARFARE it took an average of a ton of gas to injure every 29 victims and a ton and a half for every death! There is a very simple reason why most poison gases are not more destructive and that is because weather conditions tend to re- duce the harmful chemical effects to a mini- mum. A wind blowing at the rate of only four miles per hour, for instance, can move a huge cloud of deadly gas from a given region at the rate of 352 feet per minute. Result? Much of the chemical will be carried away over the heads of the people intended to be destroyed. From the military standpoint, according to Berlin realistically army experts, a gas attack on a city would scarcely pay. And in the case of such a con- templated attack the pure gases would be out, for obvious technical reasons. Take phosgene gas, for instance. This gas must be released from the ground and in great clouds to pro- duce any material results. The airplane is not - adapted for this. It can drop a cloud of smoke which hangs for a few moments while hiding some important operation. But the disper- sion of lethal gas in this fashion is physically impracticable. Nor can gas bombs be used. Simply be- cause it would be impossible to concentrate enough gas to justify the action. In the case of an aerial gas attack only liquid chemicals are of much value. And in making an attack on a city with a liquid sprinkler it would be necessary to fly low. Towering city buildings would preclude such an opera- tion and the canyoned depths would never be reached. In fact the low flying planes would be shot down by anti-aircraft guns before the - attack got well under way. Lewisite, the deadly gas developed after the World War, a dark green fluid, might be dis- persed in some fashion over a city and down into the streets. But water would quickly wash it and its poisonous vapors away. Should the gas rise from the ground, it would scarcely drift above second floor windows. When poison gas was introduced by Ger- [Continued on page 131] used ambulances and cared for == == “wounded” during mimic 225 raid testing сиу defenses. Training army officers at U. S. Chemi- cal Warfare School at Edgewood Arsenal, Md. Officers learn to identify various poison gases by smell and prepare defense against them. Chemi- cal cylinders are being used above.

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World’s Tiniest Gas-Driven Engines Propel Model Planes HAT are claimed to be the tiniest gaso- line-driven airplane motors in the world have been designed for use in model air- craft. One of these “Tom Thumb” engines, shown in the photo at right with its co-inventor, Roland H. Barney, weighs only two and one- half ounces and makes 4,000 r.p.m. A minia- ture gas tank carries one-quarter ounce of fuel which insures six minutes of flying. The plane itself is said to reach an altitude of 550 feet and a speed of 20 m.p.h. Another 1/10-h.p. midget is equipped with carburetor, throttle and spark control. Car- buretor and spark plug together are only 34 inches tall. The hollow crankshaft in the 2-cycle engine is made of spindle steel. Attachment Gives Movies Depth W. F. Alder, California research scientist, developed the "polyscope", shown above, in his garage-laboratory. With it three-dimensional movies are made and projected on screen, HREE dimensional motion pictures, long sought in commercial filming, are claimed to have been achieved by W. F. Alder, Pasa- dena scientist and former movie research worker. The “polyscope,” an accessory which is attached to the camera, gives the desired depth. No special device is needed in pro- jecting the film. Electric Shock to Replace Whip Ах ELECTRIC spark may replace the old- fashioned whip in goading animals on- ward. Exhibited at the Leipzig Fair, the elec- tro-whip consists of a cane containing a bat- tery which delivers a shock when the animal is touched. The current shuts off when the cane is raised. Magazine, July, 1935 Model! plane is equipped with “Tom Thumb" motor, Inset-—Motor made by J. S. Gibbens of Miami, Fla. nal Phonograph Alarm Radios Police NEW radio burglar alarm system auto- matically broadcasts a warning to squad cars and police headquarters, thus eliminat- ing the delay in relaying messages. The alarm is placed in banks and other places subject to burglary. It consists of a portable radio transmitter, an electric pickup arm and a phonograph turntable and record. During a holdup, the circuit is broken, by a manual switch or interruption of an “elec- tric eye” beam, causing the turntable and transmitter to broadcast an alarm which gives the location of the scene of the robbery. Harry Mackley, Peoria’s police radio supervisor, left, demon- strates his radio burglar alatm which broadcasts phonograph disc warning direct to squad cars when circuit is broken. The device is concealed in buildings subject to holdups. 49

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= Automobile Trunk Opens to Form Wheel-less Cabin Trailer A COMPACT cabin trailer which folds up into a trunk when not in use has just been devised by W. N. DeSherbinin of New York. The trunk is only slightly larger than an ` ordinary compartment, and can be carried behind the average car without obstructing rear window vision. When made ready for use, it opens up to ten times its original size. Wall panels are hinged, while the roof con- sists of canvas stretched taut. Equipped with four windows and a door, the cabin is suffi- ciently large for two persons. The floor is made low enough to permit a person of nor- mal height to stand upright. The bunks are double-decked. Practically all the conveniences a touring motorist might ask for are found in the col- lapsible trailer. In addition to increasing driving safety, the trunk cabin can be set up quickly when camp is reached. Tom Blake, surfboard expert, is shown riding a surfboard - equipped with sails. 50 The new fad is gaining much popularity. Left above—Collaps- ible cabin trailer, which folds into trunk, is seen ready for occupancy. Right above——Interior of trailer showing two- bed sleeping accommo- dations. Actual size of cabin trailer when ready for travel is shown in circle at right. Movie Device Wipes Out Scenes MATEUR movie scenes may be “wiped” or faded off the screen without the usual abruptness by a new trick device. A semi- circular revolving disc, mounted in front of the lens, is geared to the camera motor. As the disc rotates, each successive frame has a greater portion of its area blocked off. After rewinding film to start of fade, the next scene is super- imposed on dark unexposed portions of the preceding frames. Sails Add Zest to Surfboarding IDING surfboards equipped with sails is the latest innovation in the realm of American water sport. Until recently no outdoor enthusiast is be- lieved to have thought about converting Hawaii’s age-old surfboards and outrigger canoes into wind-propelled crafts. The new idea has made an instant hit at many of the beaches and resort centers. Radial “wiping” device for the cine amateur eliminates abruptness between scenes by partially dissolv- ing latter frames of one scene on the first part of succeeding scene. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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SUL 3l June 15, 1904, one of the greatest marine disasters in his- tory occurred. The excursion steamship General Slocum caught fire going through Hell Gate, New York City, and, of 1,400 persons on board, 1,021 lost their lives. Other major marine disasters of the month: June 5, 1916, British. cruiser Hampshire was sunk by a German mine in Orkney's, Scotland; Earl Kitchener, British Secretary of War, and several hundred others were lost. June 25, 1894, the steamship Norge was wrecked on Rockall Reef in the North Atlantic and 600 lives were lost. June 28, 1904, 646 persons were lost when the steamer Norge was wrecked. JUNE 2—The principle of the telephone was dis- covered by. Alexander Bell, 1875. The first telephone conversation was held on March 1, 1816. 8—An Act of Congress, authorizing the penny postcard, was approved, 1872. STARS in JUNE NORTH HORIZON MAP of EAST HORIZON WEST HORIZON SCORPIUS t. oe CENTAURUS SOUTH HORIZON To use map, face south with south horizon at bottom. Map shows sky at 9 p. m. on June first or 8 p. m. on June fifteenth. Magazine, July, 1935 МОЗМ. PHASES ps ОА р MK SIGNS of the ZODIAC d (June) Time (E.S.T.) 2:52 a.m, j 12:49 a. m. 16 3:20 p. m. 23 9:21 a.m GEMINI- 30 2:44 p. m THE TWINS THE CRAB 9—The second largest meteorite of which date of fall is known fell at Knyahinya, Hungary, 1866. It weighed 647 pounds. 14—Congress adopted the Stars and Stripes as the flag of the United States, 1777. 15 — John Alcock and A. W. Brown made the first non-stop airplane flight- across the Atlantic from Newfoundland to Ireland, 1919. 18—U.S.S. Savannah, the first ship to use steam in crossing the ocean, arrived in Liver- pool after a 26-day crossing from Savannah, Ga., 1819. 21—The summer solstice and longest day of the year. On this day the sun does not set on United States territory for 24 hours. 23—Christopher Latham Sholes was granted a patent on the first practical type- writer, 1868. Wiley Post and Harold Gatty took off in 1931 in the monoplane Winnie Mae to fly 15,474 miles around the world in the record time of 8 days, 15 hours, 51 minutes. 30—There will be a 34 per cent eclipse of the sun, 1935, visible in Europe, but not in the U. S. It will begin at 6:34 p. m. Green- wich Civil Time, and last 3 hours, 51 min- utes. 51

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WhoWAll Win HISTORY'S Will the brute power of some monster trans- port win $50,000? This is a new United Air Lines Roughest hop on 20,000 mile air race course is this, the Andes crossing between Buenos Aires and Santiago. A mini- mum altitude of 18,000 feet must be maintained for 110 miles. Photo shows a Pan- American Airways plane above the Andes, where treacherous air currents ever threaten. by JAMES DYSON GIGANTIC “Around the Americas” air race, with practically every famous dis- tance flyer in the world entered, is now being planned by 23-year-old Elliott Roosevelt, son of the President. October of this year or April, 1936 are the contemplated starting dates for this contest over the longest course in history, almost 20,000 miles, with prize money exceeding $100,000. This race will be the most trying test of an airplane ever attempted, announces the National Aeronautic Association, official governing body for all American air records. All kinds of conditions will be met from ex- treme cold to extreme heat. An altitude of 52 transport. In this exclusive interview the President’s son tells of his plans for a $100,000 speed classic around the Americas. Elliott Roosevelt, $on of the President, announces the greatest international air contest in history—a free-for-all race around North and South America for the world's crack speed pilots, at least 18,000 feet will be encountered in crossing the Andes between Buenos Aires on the Atlantic and Santiago on the Pacific. Water jumps, deserts and jungles must be negotiated by the successful contender. As Ray Cooper, general manager of the N. A. A. points out: “The longest water hop is about 700 miles. The roughest part of the irip is across the Andes from Mendoza to Santiago, but the distance is only 110 miles. If the course is maintained the pilot should be able to walk away from a forced landing in any other place, and with a reasonable supply of emergency rations should be able to exist until rescued." Interviewed exclusively for Моревм Me- CHANIX AND INVENTIONS MaGazine in the his- toric Red Room of the White House, Elliott Roosevelt recently discussed the highlights of his plans as follows: “Will I be able to swing the great interna- tional race? Without doubt a lot of veteran. flyers are skeptical. But already I have raised most of the prize money and now have ample promises of adequate financing from Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Mr. & Mrs. Mollison $ É ff fft x ( SAN FRANCISCO wp жя эп аз тз яй эв эз ж. E NN NX we — CHICAGO g HAVANA # ~ us e e [e gg GUAYAQUIL [E $ *, Kingsford Smith Я e e m = E ‚ AMERICA responsible parties. Numerous rumors are being circulated to the effect that Edsel Ford is one of my biggest backers. As to that I am ee pledged to secrecy right now. Probably it „279 P will be many months before I will be able to a МИШЕ oed offer even a partial list of those aiding the a project. S Who will enter——who will win, in history's greatest air race? Some of today's favorites are sketched around the bowl of aviation's roulette wheel—will the magic bali finally stop at one of these, or roll around to a dark *However, there is every evidence that it will become an actuality. Thus far I’ve re- ceived about 44 inquiries, most of them from leading aviation organizations of the great powers. These include the Aero clubs of France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy, Austria and Poland, besides the Aeronautical [Continued on page 132] Magazine, July, 1935 horse? Study the route of the race, over mountains. plains and water—study the records of these famous aviators, pick your winner. 53

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Model Airplane Carrier Controlled Mile from Base By Radio Top—Model of S. S. Saratoga. Photoelectric cell in smoke stack controls boat in calm water. Lower photo shows rela- tive size of copper plated ship which took 300 hours to build. “Talkies” Help Fit False Teeth O INSURE his patients of non-clicking, non-whistling false teeth, an eastern dentist films his subjects with a sound camera and projects the finished film as a final test for a perfect fit. Each patient is filmed when he visits the office for the first time. He smiles broadly and repeats, “pussy, pussy, come and eat your celery soup.” After the new dentures are " placed in the mouth, the patient is again photographed. Comparison of the films re- veals defects in speech of teeth. Dr. Ralph Levine, (left) Pittsburgh dentist, demonstrates the usefulness of the sound camera in fitting teeth. Facial expression, clicking and whistling can be studied this way. 54 RADIO-CONTROLLED model of the airplane carrier, S. S. Saratoga, was re- cently constructed by H. E. Bixby, secretary of the Los Angeles Society of Model Engineers. Almost mechznically perfect, the nine-foot model houses two storage batteries for power. A receiver operates a delayed relay to control the arc of the rudder and the two speeds for- ward as well as the one in reverse. In quiet water the ship can be controlled by a light beam directed to an electric eye attached to the smoke stack. Three hundred hours were required to build the $450 model. It weighs 350 pounds. French Train Has Low Headlights France has decided to follow America's example of stream- lining locomotives. Note the odd placement of headlights. HE modern trend in streamlining has at last been felt by French locomotive de- signers who now are introducing striking, bullet-shaped trains of their own. Operating on the latest aerodynamic principles, the train seen above averaged nearly a mile a minute. The headlights, unlike older types, are placed low to cast beams just above the rails. New Plugs “Stay Put" In Outlet PRING action electrical plugs which are claimed to "stay put" in wall out- let or socket and insure perfect contact eliminate the danger and annoyance of loose - fitting P lu 85. New This spring action plug is said to prongs also may fit tightly in outlet when inserted. be had Shape of the prongs insures per- fect contact and prevents arcing. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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PEA SHELLER, ONE CUP COFFEE Maker EASE HOUSEWIFE'S KITCHEN TASKS ONE-CUP COFFEE. MAKER is handy aid for traveler. Electric element nests inside grounds con- tainer which fits in cup. Simply by watching the coloring in cup as coffee percolates, beverage can be made as strong or weak as the individual may desire. PEA-SHELLER squeezes peas from pod like clothes-wringer. The whole pod is inserted near top and the handle is turned. Empty pods drop out one chute. Device shelis eight times faster than by hand. Above—FOOD JAR TRAY for cooler is space-saver and eliminates reach- ing into refrigerator. Glass jars placed in wire tray may be revolved to front by pushing forward jar to rear. Right--OIL-BURNING HEATER, designed for small homes and apartments which have no furnaces, is con- verted into cook stove by lifting lid and cooking over top surface of heater. Magazine, July, 1935

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= TEACH Your DOG A famous dog trainer tells how to teach your dog to back up, shake hands, pray, act dead, carry articles, sneeze, - waltz, and do a host of © other interesting tricks. Through the hoop, held shoulder high, leaps this well- trained dog. Make your dog jump over a horizontal bar first, then through a large hoop, reducing hoop size as he gains confidence. Later, paste tissue paper on hoops. RAINING your dog is not as difficult a task as some may assume. Patience, kind- ness and good care will bring rich rewards in the form of increased loyalty, prompt obe- dience to commands; and good manners. Dogs are like humans when it comes to performing tricks they have thoroughly mas- | tered. Their sense of pride is apparent when they are the center of attraction, the life of the party. Perhaps the simplest of tricks is teaching a dog to shake hands. Place the dog in a sit- ting position. Standing directly in front of him, grasp the right paw gently, raise and shake it, saying “shake hands.” A few min- utes of this lesson daily for a day or two will make your dog eager to shake hands when- ever he gets the chance. Commands which are properly taught will always be obeyed. Show a rubber ball to him, then drop it on the floor, commanding “pick it up.” This done, coax him to you, command “drop it,” then repeat the trick. After having learned to pick up a ball, the dog may be taught to hold it. Take his collar in your right hand and with the left, support | : his lower jaw, cautioning him all the time mu ze to “hold it.’ Reward him and repeat the les- A few minutes of training each son. When he becomes proficient in holding, idu ue Roi e E tell him to “come, carry it," and start walk- : ing. Be sure he does not drop it. Do not 56 : Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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THESE TRICKS ». by EARL CRAIG Dogs enjoy jumping over sticks once they are taught, by a few gentle raps on the nose, not to grab the stick or run under. Right: One of the more difficult stunts, but one which can be taught by patience, is waltzing while standing. make the distance too long to begin with. The old saying, “practice makes perfect,” was never truer than when applied to teach-. ing the dog. A short training period, fre- quently and consistently given, is the best routine to follow. Each year many dogs are accidentally and intentionally poisoned. Two methods are used in teaching the dog to ignore choice looking bones or meat left about in conspicu- ous places. First watch him closely. When you see him about to pick up something, say, “No, poison, drop,” and enforce your com- mand. It may be necessary to plant some bait at a point he frequently passes, but do not let him see you place the bait. The second method is much more effective though not a pleasant one for the dog. Have your druggist prepare some bitter but harm- less preparation for you. Tell him what you want to use it for. Pour it on some choice and tempting pieces of meat, and place them in different locations. Take the dog for a walk and casually pass your bait. When you see him pick it up, caution “poison,” but say no more. Likely as not when your back is Magazine, July, 1935 -At the command "dead dog," the dog below lies down, feet in air, eyes closed. In teaching a dog to “roll over,” push him around a few times yourself, while .,repeating command. Б> 2 j turned, he will gulp it down and follow you. Keep him outside, for aside from the bitter taste left in his mouth it is quite likely the preparation will make him sick. A little red pepper or other strong seasoning, concealed in meat, is also used by dog owners for this purpose. Usually, after one or two lessons, he will refuse to eat anything lying around the yard. Dogs seem to acquire the knack of doing tricks in a very short time, once they have- been taught control and prompt obedience [Continued on page 135] 57

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oe usus You Lose uU н Letter Chain Is Unbroken IF YOU HAVE HIECEIVED You СИЛА LETTER" Merchant, owning store above, gave away free printed forms ^ for chain letters. In the dime chain, if each of 15,625 per- sons, necessary to complete first link, carried out the agree- ment of the Íetter and also received $1,562.50 apiece, 244,140,625 persons would have to mail dimes. For carry- ing mail government would get $9,155,273.55 in postage. Portable Rod Finds Lost Radium OST radium may be located quickly by a new portable instrument designed to replace the old electroscope method. The device consists of a box and exploring rod connected with a flexible cable. The rod houses a special vacuum tube while the box contains batteries, switches, controls and a second amplifier tube. When the rod is passed slowly over the ground, the instrument needle indicates the presence of lost radium. It will detect as little as 25 milligrams at 7% feet. The old electroscope method of locating lost radium is being replaced by the portable outfit above. Instrument needle in box is deflected when the rod finds the precious metal. 58 OU'ean't lose," said the chain letter fans, but Dr. C. R. Fountain, of Peabody Col- lege, Nashville, Tenn., estimated that every- one would lose at least $300. Each one in the dime chain expected to receive more than 15,000 dimes. “In order to bring that about," Dr. Foun- tain was quoted as saying, “the chain would have to keep spreading until it reaches every- one 15,000 times, when each person will have to give back all the dimes he takes in. Then we will all be back where we started—only each one will be out the amount he spends on postage, or about $300." In the case of the one dollar chain, in which a person receiving the letter had to get a dollar bill from two friends, mathematicians calculated that when the chain had reached its thirty-third stage in passing from one per- son to two others, to four others, and so on, a total of $17,179,926,032 would be in the purses of chain letter fans. 'This sum is ap- proximately $3,000,000,000 more than the total amount of money actually existing in the United States. Chains up to $25 were started throughout the country. Steam Train Challenges Diesel As a challenge to streamlined Diesel-motor locomotives, this new two-mile-a-minute steam monster was recently put into service on the regular run between Chicago and St. Paul. ELIEVED to be the fastest streamlined steam locomotive in the world, the newly- christened “Hiawatha” has thundered its bid for rail supremacy in answer to Diesel-pow- ered competition (see page 45). The new steam monster, capable of attain- ing a speed of 120 m.p.h., has been introduced into service by the Milwaukee Road on the run between Chicago and St. Paul. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Deine NICHI BUS elas CONVERTIBLE SEATS FOR DAY TRAVEL WOMEN'S LOUNGE EXTRA DOOR HANDY SHELF IN COMPARTMENT FOR LIGHT LUGGAGE is LAVATORY Ў - ES cd REMOVABLE POWER PLANT SIDE AISLE SERVES ALL COMPARTMENTS: EXTRA BAGGAGE SPACE ENTRANCE. MIRROR AND WASH BASIN WITH HOT AND COLD. RUNNING WATER ONE DOUBLE BERTH AND THREE SINGLE BERTHS IN EACH COMPARTMENT: CURTAINS ON INDIVIDUAL BERTHS LUNCH FACILITIES Deluxe night-traveling comforts found in Grey- hound’s new sleeper- buses now operating between Los Angeles and Kansas City. Phantom drawing shows construc- tion of night-coach. Above—Corner of women’s lounge. Right — Опе of five spacious compartments in 25- passenger bus. MERICA’S first daily cross-country 27%. sleeper-bus, a luxury home on tires, re- cently ushered in “nite-coach” service be- tween Los Angeles and Kansas City. De- signed to make long-distance travel more en- joyable for the passenger, the new Grey- hound bus boasts many features. Berths for 25 persons are found in each of the fleet of coaches. There are five compart- ments equipped with radio, mirror, hot and cold running water and a portable table. Entrance to the bus is made at the right Magazine, July, 1935 RADIO IN EVERY COMPARTMENT VENTILATOR REFRIGERATOR AND LIGHT Private Berths MICROPHONE PICKUP ENABLES QRIVER TO HEAR MOTOR OPERATION = ELEVATED DRIVING CABIN [KANSAS CITY DOOR TO MAIN BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT center, but unlike yesterday’s vehicle, an aisle running the entire length of the coach is provided along one side. Each compart- ment contains a large double berth and three singles, convertible into cushion lounge seats for day travel. There is sufficient room to permit dressing while standing up. The walls of the bus are insulated against radical weather changes while a special ven- tilation and heating system maintains con- stant temperature. To eliminate noises, the power plant is located at the rear and can be removed and replaced in twenty minutes. Behind the false radiator front are spacious quarters for storing luggage. 59

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UNCLE SAM FIGHTS by JAMES NEVIN MILLER IKE a forest fire roaring out of control, a huge billowy cloud sweeps over the horizon. Growing larger and larger, it soon blots out the sun. Day turns into night. For miles around, the air is filled with stifling, blinding dust. Fine particles strike the face like millions of white-hot needles. The dust stabs at one's lungs. Within an hour, the black blizzard has en- veloped everything. Living becomes un- bearable. Schools close their doors. Trains drop far behind schedule, their powerful headlights unable to pierce the black dust cloud. Discouraged farmers, fearful of dread “dust pneumonia,” pack their belongings into wagons and move away. The dusty drifts cover fences and farm machinery and sweep: over buildings. Crops are destroyed. The valuable top soil Photo below shows couple in Boise City, Oklahoma, wearing fnasks to protect nose, throat and lungs during recent dust storins which have swept the southwest. Hundreds of cases of dust-pneumonia resulted. Dust settled so thickly on Kansas lawns that two mechanically- inclined men started a profitable business with the huge home- Right—Typical scene along silt-covered road in the sand-swept Great Plains area. made outdoor vacuum cleaner shown above. 60 is gone. For months, cattle will be unable to forage on the surrounding hillsides. Do these black blizzards foreshadow the doom of the fertile United States? Dr. William Jackson Humphreys, of the United States weather bureau at Washington, recently predicted that by 7,000 A. D. the United States and most of Asia and Europe will become a desert due to lack of rain- fall. Weather in the temperate zene is gradually becoming warmer. The time will come, Dr. Humphreys believes, when the populations of the ` world will be forced to flee to the tropics or polar regions to find sufficient rainfall to sustain life. But Uncle Sam will not give up his valuable land without fighting. He has launched a terrific battle against one of Nature’s most puzzling and devastating cataclysms. He is going to try to put an end to the black bliz- zard. : 'The new warfare is carried on from experi- ment stations located at strategic points in the dust storm areas. According to experts, 125,000,000 acres of land now in cultivation—equivalent to the combined areas of Ohio, Illinois, Maryland and North Carolina—had lost all ог а greater part of its top soil due to wind erosion. In the Texas Panhandle many fields lost as much as three feet of soil and subsoil. In [Continued on page 141] Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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The BLACK BLIZZARDS Above—Motorists plunging through one of Missouri’s black blizzards were compelled to use their headlights at high noon. Circle—Building a huge reservoir for supplying water to fertile. fields. Other means of dust storm control are being tried by Uncle Sam's army of experts to conserve the valuable top soil. SIDELIGHTS ON THE DUST STORMS Dust blew with such force in Kansas that it completely packed ignition locks and parked cars could not be unlocked. High- way traffic, unable to plow through the roads, was suspended. For the first time in history train schedules were canceled on one division of the Santa Fe Railroad. One construction company had a contract to move 10,000 cubic yards of earth in a county road project. Workmen started loosening the ground when the storm struck. When it ended, the contractor found that the wind had done his work for him. in Oklahoma, static electricity accompanying a dust storm was of sufficient strength to shock persons who touched metal, Human hair stood on end. In Missouri, telephone, telegraph and radio reception were hindered by the electrical charge. Even cars were stalled. Constructing h 9 retain Magazine, July, 1935 61

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Robot Swordfish Helps Anglers Train for Strenuous Sport кей : ad ae E Line fastened to spool on motor shaft provides all the thrills of battling swordfish. Device keeps anglers in trim. Beating Heart Flashed On Screen NEW device, which not only amplifies £X the beating sound of a human heart but pictures the sound on a screen, has just been invented. Its principal use is testing the heart. Known as a sound and electro cardiograph, the “radio stethoscope” was created as a re- sult of numerous experiments by A. W. Krause, mechanician of the physics depart- ment of Northwestern university. When the sound-sensitive disc is held over the heart, the novel instrument makes the heart beat pound like a bass drum and produces wave rhythms on the screen. The device will aid the study of heart ailments. A. W. Krause of Northwestern university tries out his heart- tester on his little daughter. The device produces in wave form on a screen the heart beat rhythm, amplifying the sound. 62 MECHANICAL swordfish, claimed by £X. experienced salt water anglers to be the scrappiest warrior that ever swam shoreward, has just been devised by G. M. Thompson, Los Angeles sportsman. The robot specimen consists of a takeup spool attached to a motor having varied speeds to correspond with the sudden runs of the fish. The line is threaded through the ferrules in the usual manner. Seated in his chair, the angler keeps in trim for this strenu- ous sport. "Silk" Glass Is Unbreakable New Dr. Bratring, German chemist, is seen above with waste arti- ficial silk used in making his new unbreakable glass. Photo at left shows non-inflammable glass after attempted burning. HE secret of producing unbreakable glass, found under the regime of the Roman emperor Nero and later forgotten, has at last been rediscovered by science. Manufactured from artificial silk by a German chemist, the glass is slow-burning and, like safety stock movie film, does not burst into flame. Even the waste of artificial silk сап be prepared for the manufacture of these glass receptacles. "Tin-Type" Movies Feature News CREENING movies of big events before theater audiences within 75 seconds after the pictures are taken is now made possible by a new invention developed recently in Berlin. The exposed film is not wound on a takeup spool. Instead, it passes directly into chemical solutions where it is developed, fixed and washed, ready for projection. The pic- tures are photographed from a special car which houses the camera and tanks. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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ANTHER FILAMENT The study of flowers under the microscope opens worlds lens up new for the amateur. Mixed pollen grains, mag- nified, are seen in photo above. stalk from which parts ber of outer whorl. sepals collectively. colored member of taining pollen grains. TIL, central member Above artist’s sketch shows diagram of flower parts. Micro- scopists will get far more en- joyment from the study of flowers if they supplement their technical knowledge with con- stant reference to botany books. receives pollen during OVULE, immature seed ovary. by JULIAN D. CORRINGTON, Ph.D. HROUGH the lens a flower is indeed wonderfully and strangely made, and many are the queer structures and interest- ing adaptations open to inepeciion by the microscopist. The best start can be made with several blossoms of the common buttercup. Names of the various parts may be found above. After identifying these parts, carefully dis- sect the buttercup by pulling off members of the various floral envelopes one after the other, beginning with the sepals. Lay out each series in a row. Mount one example of each part in water for temporary examina- tion or run them through a graded series of alcohols, clearing in xylol to make a perma- nent balsam mount. A very instructive preparation is a cross- section through a young lily bud. Each of the parts in the unexpanded condition is dia- grammatically clear, revealing the flower as a series of concentric circles. When stamens are mature, the ripe pollen Magazine, July, 1935 RECEPTACLE, terminal expansion of spring. SEPAL, green leaf-like mem- CALYX, PETAL, brightly second whorl. STAMEN, pollen producing part. AN- THER, expanded head of stamen con- FILAMENT, Stamen stalk supporting anther. of flower. STIGMA, upper part of pistil which pollination. STYLE, pistil stalk bearing stigma. SEED, the ovule when ripened. Method of dissecting flowers and preparing specimens for study is explained in article. of flower the PIS- found in Cross-section through young lily bud. Note the unusual clearness of the parts which are formed into concentric circles. grains may be easily collected for slide mounts. These make fine preparations, in- tricate and diverse in beauty. Hollyhock, sunflower, dandelion, squash, pumpkin, gold- enrod and chickory are a few examples of dozens of desirable types. Hold a stamen over a small vial containing Bouin’s fluid, and tap so as to jar the pollen grains into the fixer. After some six hours, cover the vial with a bit of linen—an old handkerchief will do—and invert to drain off the fixer. Fill vial with 50 per cent alcohol, squirting it through the linen, thus saving pollen grains which have adhered to the cloth. After six more hours, replace this wash with 70 to 80 per cent alcohol, and an hour later change to a one per cent solution of either light green or eosin in 95 per cent [Continued on page 133] 63

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REVAMPED FURNACES On the trail of that m mysterious ‘‘some- thing" that makes mountain air so in- vigorating, engi- neers are develop- ing "super-air" for new home comfort. Above is a typical room air condition- ing unit, which de- livers washed air to lower the humidity. The modern fur- nace supplies cool washed air in summer, clean heat in winter. Above: Adjust- ing water valve. Modern “weather-making machines" screen tons of dirt each year from the air we breathe. Dirt above was taken from a furnace filter. What does electricity do to air? Dr. E. Vernon Hill (left) pioneer research authority, seeks the an- swer to this question by charging air with high voltage electricity, _ or ionizing it. He finds that nega: _ tives ions stimulate mental powers. - 64 Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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COOL The Modern Home by PAUL DARROW PADDOCK UMAN beings are serving as guinea pigs in an eastern laboratory where a series of interesting experiments is under way to improve “man-made weather,” to make fur- naces cool as well as heat our homes, and to reproduce that “mysterious something” found only in mountain and seashore air. Scientists are on the track of a clue that may lead to the development of “super-air,” even better for human health and comfort than that found in nature. They believe the secret lies in the free ions or electrically : eharged particles that exist in natural air. Well educated, normal persons are required for the "super-air" tests. Exposed for awhile to an unusual bombardment of positively charged ions, they become groggy. They cannot do such simple things as add columns of figures, scientists report. The positive ions are switched off and nega- tive ions turned on. In a little while, the “human guinea pigs" become buoyant. Their mental powers are stimulated. They add figures and do other things more quickly and more accurately than normally. These tests, pioneer experiments in man’s fascinat- ing and comparatively new field of science, air-conditioning, are as yet inconclusive, but indicate that some day an electrically treated air, rich in health-giving qualities, may be made available in every home and office building. ; Most of man's energy comes from the air. Although an average adult consumes only three and one-half pounds of food and four pounds of water a day, he takes in more than thirty-four pounds of air in that same time. Recent investigations indicate that cosmic rays may have a great deal to do with human comfort, through their effect on the air. Normally, Dr. L. W. Chubb, director of research at Westinghouse Electric and Manu- facturing Company points out, the air con- tains ozone, and is free from dust, fumes, and [Continued on page 143] _ "Normally our air contains ozone, is clear and odorless," points out Dr. L. W. Chubb, di- rector of research at Westinghouse. "In the big cities smoke and fumes cut off ultra- violet light, reduce ionization, and leave for us a stuffy, vitality-lacking air.” In the above photo research engineer G. E. Penney demonstrates to Dr. Chubb the operation of an electro-static air cleaner. Electricity disintegrates smoke blown in at the left. Magazine, July, 1935 65

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OF SCIENCE OUNT POPOCATAPETL, highest smok- ing volcano in North America, has been up for sale for the last 30 years. $10,000,000 VA buy it from the Mexican government.— qe ауа" Д Irving Wallace, Kenosha, Wis. Silk worm thread has greater strength than the finest steel wire of similar size. Mud is employed as a cleansing agent for rotary drilling equipment used in the oil fields. The common earthworm has approximately 150 pairs of kidneys.—Charles F. Tweeddale, Fredericton, N. B., Canada. A pair of Oriental gray rats can produce 359,760,824 offspring or 18 generations within three years. Sound travels faster on hot days than on cold days. There is a difference of two feet per second for every degree Centi- grade the temperature is raised. The molecules of air are in more rapid motion and carry the wave faster —Ed Walsh, St. Paul, Minn. Dry ice is used to freeze quicksands encountered during exacavations for skyscrapers.—Edward Merdinyan, Paw- tucket, R. I. Light has weight, but an ordinary electric lamp would have to burn 2,000,000 years to produce an ounce of light.—Jerome A. Wack, Piqua, Ohio. Hop Merchant butter- flies lay their eggs in col- umns attached to leaves. may not be broken, the last laid eggs hatch first. —Bernard Міоѕѕі, Jr., San Luis Obispo, Calif. 66 In order that the chain The Florida mullett is the only fish which has a gizzard.—Mrs. E. M. Kelley, Wilmington, Del. The octopus uses the rocket principle to propel himself. The reaction of water expelled through a tube forces the body along.—P. L. Goodwin, Manchester, N. H. Cows have been found in Hawaii which never drink. They quench their thirst through the air they breathe or by cropping wet grass. A gold thread can carry as much electricity as a 4-inch copper cable.—R. H. Gorder, Ft. Peck, Montana. Honey mixed with the proper oxidizing agents and tested in a bomb calorimeter is a powerful ex- plosive.—Sherman Watson, Al- fred, N. Y. A comet approaching the sun from the depths of space has no tail and cannot be distinguished from a planet. When nearer the sun, the tail begins to grow and may reach a million miles in length. The tail does not stream out behind, but, be- cause of repulsive forces, the tail always points away from the sun.—Frank Scott, Winnipeg, Manitoba. An average size oyster drinks for about 20 hours daily, consuming 15 gal- lons of water. — Eugene Henley, Durham, North Carolina. The longest span of wire in the world is used for a telegraph in India. It is 6,000 feet long.—Fred Eickhoff, Long Eddy, N. Y. One dollar vill be paid on publication for every Paragraph Oddity accepted. State source or proof. Do mot include Oddities with contributions or letters for other departments. No items will be returned. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Stunt ean LOOPS Roo on Skate Sled OOPING the loop on a roller skate sled holds no terrors for Fred A. Deline, Los Angeles acro- bat. Mr. Deline, who often doubled for the late Lon Chaney when the movie script required the services of an acrobatic stunt man, straps a four-wheeled sled to his back, shoulders and legs. The vehicle is padded to reduce the shock of the sudden impact. The stunt man’s head is protected by a helmet-like hood attached to the framework of the sled. To perform the stunt, perfect timing is essential. With the ap- paratus on his back, he slides down the sharply-inclined chute, spins once in the air and lands feet-first on the springboard. Birds Hit With Bullets of Light Trap-shooting with light-bullets Chi latest When light rA is icago's atest sport. thus recording marksman’s score. The new game is noiseless. ULLETS of light instead of the usual lead shot are being employed by Chicago’s sportsmen in a new trapshooting game. The sport, which is said to be absolutely noiseless, may be played in an ordinary hall. It is held to be a valuable aid in perfecting marksmanship. Photo-electric cells are mounted in the bodies of duck targets which move across a panelled opening at one end of the room. Each gun has its source of light which flashes on when the trigger is pressed. If a marksman “hits” the photo-electric cell directly in the center of the bird’s body, the duck falls and the number of respective hits is registered automatically in light. Magazine, July, 1935 slides down om gun hits electric eye on bird, target falls - же P ^» MET With roller Ko sled strapped on his back, Fred A. Deline, stunt man, chute to perform single loop. the stunt, he now plans a double somersault. Although injured performing Accurate timing is necessary. Radios Lecture to Sick Student ADIO recently came to the assistance of a bed-stricken college student in Phila- delphia. Unable to attend class lectures in order to pass his forthcoming examinations, Galen Young arranged to have a radio loud speaker, with reverse current, installed on the desk of the teaching professor. Lying on his hospital cot several miles from his classmates, Young was able to hear through a loud speaker installed in his room the identical lecture which his fellow students were attending. The magnetic speaker placed on the instruc- tor’s desk was claimed to have served nicely as a microphone for conveying the lesson. When illness pre- vente alen Young, left, from attending classes. A loud speaker, with current re- versed, brought the lecture from teacher to student.

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.SPORTSMEN'S CLASSIC . PALOMINE mao) : У VAMP-SPOOK SURE SHOT” the lures used in bait casting for bass none àre as popular or more effec- tive than bait casting plugs. There are thousands of these plugs on the market. If you are unacquainted with them, making a selection for the average tackle box is a difficult task. Here is a review of some of the most successful and popular plug lures and E the type of fishing for which they are best Low suited. Plug lures may be divided into three classes, namely: the surface lure that floats without diving, quartering, and otherwise setting up a fuss under the water; the surface -. Jure that floats when not reeled, but which, — when reeled, goes under the surface and weaves along in the familiar wobbling action; and, third, the weighted or heavy under- water plug, which has lead countersunk on its underparts to carry it deep in the water ato get fish that lie deep. Among these three ZARAGOSSA _ LUCKEY із ©

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CAMPFIRE ! e MIDGET URF-ORENO M LUMINOUS WOODPECKER >) - CASTING LUR Ec FLOATING INJURED MINNOY No bass lure in the plug class has had WITH SPINNING HEAD ee greater popularity than the so-called wob- KENT FROG кесш bler, a bait that floats when it is not reeled, FLOATER =. but which dives under the surface when reeled. It has a gouge in the wood at the head—a metal headpiece, or some other de- SELECTIONS FOR YOUR TACKLE BOX THE WOBBLERS the North. Floats, but dives when rod is jerked. Performs like BASS-ORENO—a very popular plug, known mostly for its red head and white body. Comes in other colors also. Intended to be cast and reeled right in, ZIG-WAG—a jointed plug that is one of the most erratic and lively in action. Also can be popped or plunked on the surface. PIKIE MINNOW—in either jointed or solid body types is one of the most effective plugs. Both are killers for bass, muskies, pike and pickerel. - Dives deep when reeled or trolled. CLASSIC MINNOW-a life-like suiface wobbler that attracts practically all game fish. Cast up among lily pads, it is one of the most natural lures. PALOMINE—has an attractive wobbling, wriggling, and diving action. Floats when not reeled. Also comes in jointed style. A favorite with game fishermen. JOINTED VAMP SPOOK——a transparent plug that outlasts many wooden lures. Has a lively swimming action. A good all-around lure. DARTER—darts about near the surface in exceptionally life-like manner, Best suited for popping, : й ZARAGOSSA—a famous lure in the South, but equally good in wounded minnow. LUCKY 13—a typical plunking or popping lure. operates under the surface like a wobbler. SURFACE LURES LUNGE-ORENO—a large bait very effective for muskies. Pro- peller stirs up water to attract fish. К SURF-ORENO—midget size good for bass. Larger size for bass and muskies. Front and rear propellers churn water. Red and white style good for dull days. 4 б WOODPECKER—a luminous bait that is very effective at night. Stirs up water by means of concave collar. = r INJURED MINNOW-—-lies on its sides and when jerked with rod-tip acts like struggling, injured minnow. — р GLOBE—a revolving head lure that is effective in the evening, at night, just after daybreak, and on grey days, A sound making surface lure, especially good for roiled stream water. KENT FROG—ideal for working among pads and weeds, as upturned hooks make it practically weedless. One propeller turns to right, the other to left. When reeled

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RIVER RUNT SPOOK The River Runt Spook, a semi-transparent plug, sinks slowly. For bass and wall-eyes. Fish- Oreno has metal head. Popular for deep fish. 70 , vice, which makes it weave along in the water inalifelike manner. This erratic action prob- ably convinces the fish that the bait is a small fish that has been maimed. Since fish in search of food are always attracted to a maimed or injured minnow, the chances of a catch with the use of a wobbling plug lure are great. The wobbler, therefore, in one style or another should be in your tackle box as one of the certain fish-getters. When making the selection some thought should be given to the color of the plug. On grey and rainy days, or when the water is somewhat . dingy or obscured, or in the twilight or at dusk, the all-white wobbler with the red head is a very good selection. On bright days the darker wobblers can be used. While on the subject of wobblers, we might mention the proper way to use them. When the lure drops to the water, allow it to remain there for a minute or so, then give it a jerk, popping it. Again allow a pause, then pop it again. Do this two or three times, with pauses in between. In the class of wobblers are to be found the so-called “popping” or “plunking” lures. Although the wobbler, of the famous red- head type, is meant to be cast and reeled right in, without jerking it to make a popping or plopping sound on the surface, there are lures that fill the gap in this respect. They have a very erratic action, dipping, diving, quarter- ing, and giving off a gurgling sound, and mak- ing bubbles on the surface as they are jerked. There are times when these plunking lures are [Continued on page 118] | |. PANATELLA 7 MINNOW С LIVE WIRE MINNOW Panatella Minnow is weighted to sink deep. Propellers en- hance its attraction value. Torpedo has long slim body believed to be best for holding hard-mouthed fish. Live wire rides right side up. Propellers revolve in opposite directions. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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CAMPFIRE Simplify the Task of FISH CL by MARVIN SPITTLER T smashing strike of a ponderous black- bass, the bent rod, and the singing reel all provide joy to the heart of the ardent fisherman. But, in most cases, the fun ends with catching the fish. After eating the fish, fifty per cent of fishermen complain that their fish are soft and black-veined—that they taste of the slime of the weed beds in which they were caught. This is true. But the fault is not with the fish; it is with the fisherman. How often does one see a large game fish gasping in the sun to die of suffocation with gaping mouth, glazed eyes and scales curling in the heat. Fish should be kept alive until the excur- sion is over and then butchered by placing a sharp knife behind the gill and cutting a slanting gash down to the top of the head to bleed the fish. When handling live fish, always wet the hands to preserve the scale covering which protects them from death. The bad taste in fish comes from three sources; the blood, the slime under the scales, and the backbone. The blood, of course, is removed by butchering and the slime and backbone are removed in the cleaning. This method of cleaning fish will do away with the messy business of cleaning up entrails. After cleaning, all that remains is a solid carcass devoid of flesh. After scaling the fish as shown, remove [Continued on page 128] SLICE ABOVE RIBS FOR BONELESS PLANKING debe tut ro "894 REMOVE FIN Remove fin by cutting on each side and then pulling it ^ away from flesh. Fish is then ready for planking. from ribs as you go. Carcass that remains is not mess ^ and can be easily disposed of by burying in ground. Magazine, July, 1935 Grasp top edge of flesh and pull, cutting away flesh PA ` STRING FISH THROUGH Tw ' BOTH UPPER AND m LOWER LIPS BURLAP SA DAC TO BLEED FISH CUT BEHIND GILLS To assure good, tasty fish keep catch dlive in burlap sack kept under- water or use а átringer by running it through upper and lower lips to keep fish from drówning. Fishing over, bleed fish to get firm whité meat. Wet hands to handle fish. HOLD TAIL WITH > PLIERS WHILE ———34c- . SCALING To scale fish, grasp tail 9 with pair of pliers and rub scaler towards head and away from you. After scaling, remove slime in same manner using knife held at right angles to body. Supple- ment treatment by rub- bing fish with hands under told water tap until surface is abso- lutely clean. If this slime is hot removed, fish will have tainted taste. 71

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‘Radio Light on Map Traces Plane in Air INDICATORS MOVE TINY LIGHT: OVER AIRWAY STRIP MAP TO SHOW POSITION OF PLANE AT ALL TIMES N DIVERGENCE WAVE INDICATOR GIVES BINAURAL INDICATOR GIVES DIRECTION OF jj TRAVEL AUTOMATIC TUNING DEVICE Electric Eye Detects Fuel Waste ASTED fuel is impossible when smoke- ` stacks are equipped with an "electric eye" to aid the fireman. When the chimney begins to smoke, a photo-electric cell mounted near the base of the stack sends out a warning. Commercial use of the electric eye for this purpose was demonstrated in Chicago. A model of a factory smoke-stack equipped with an electric eye is shown above. When chimney smokes, a photo- electric cell quickly detects fuel waste and warns fireman. 72 TWO MICROPHONES - м, ON PLANE PICK UP 4 ; SOUND OF à „ PROPELLER nidi PLANE'S RADIO TRANSMITTE RELAYS PROPELLER SOUND Artist’s sketch above shows manner in which dis- patcher at plane base follows movements of air- ship over sky route. Microphones on plane's , wings pick up propeller sound, relaying it by short wave radio to an automatic tuning device in the land terminal. Operator observes position of plane by following radio light on map. Distance and direction of travel also are shown, N AIRPLANE flight recording device, which reveals at a central office the exact position of planes when in flight and on the ground, was developed recently by Dr. Sam- uel Spitz, Los Angeles inventor. The novel recorder is expected to have considerable value in combating the weather handicap and aiding pilots flying blind. Two small microphones, installed in the wings of the plane, capture the roar of the propeller. Relayed through the plane's radio transmitter, the sound is picked up at the plane terminal or operating base by an auto- matic tuning device. Here an operator watches a small light, actuated by short wave radio impulses, move across a strip map of the plane's airway route. The. position of the light on the map indicates the position of the craft at all times. A divergence wave indicator, mounted be- neath the panelled map, shows at a glance the distance the plane has traveled from its bàse. Another dial, the binaural indicator, reveals the direction of travel. If a forced landing is imperative, the dis- patcher informs the pilot of the condition of the terrain over which he is passing. When the landing is made, the light indicator on the map continues to burn so that the oper- ator can dispatch immediate aid to the point of landing. Air transport companies operat- : ing several planes may record each individual flight by installing more variable condensers in the tuning device. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Signalling Tricycles Pilot Busses Through English Fog IKE the pilot-fish which swims ahead of ships and sharks in search of food, Eng- land’s recently introduced signal-clad tri- cycles guide passenger busses. through Man- chester’s foggy streets. The new “fog-cycle,” which can be powered by one man, has two wheels in the front and опе іп the rear. А square box is mounted over the front axle and contains batteries for oper- ating the signal lights. A large fog lamp il- luminates the road ahead, while a series of five smaller lamps mounted on a panel over the rear mud guard of the tricycle is used to sig- nal the bus driver who follows close behind. Huge Lanterns Light Boulder Dam Here is one of the four immense lanterns which are being in- stalled on Boulder Dam’s intake towers. Modernistic in shape, each lantern required 1,500 tbs. of metal in its construction. ELIEVED to be the largest of their kind in the world, four giant lanterns, almost twice the height of a man, are being installed to illuminate the intake towers of Boulder Dam. Composed of an aluminum-copper- silicon alloy, each lantern required 68 sepa- rate castings from 12 different patterns. Each lantern contains six 300-watt flood lights. Magazine, July, 1935 Tricycles equipped with pilot lamps escort Manchester busses in fog. Cyclist rides ahead of bus, flashing lamps to warn driver. Photos show front and rear of vehicle. Curve-Balancer Stabilizes Car O KEEP automobiles on an even keel when rounding curves or traveling over bumpy roads, a “curve-balancer” has been devised by a German inventor. The device keeps the body of the car in a vertical position when driven over road sur- faces which would cause the ordinary car to sway or tilt. Resembling America’s “knee- action” vehicles, the wheels of the German car move up and down not only independent of each other but of the entire chassis. In this way the wheel can pass over a bump or drop into a hole without revealing any irregularity to passenger or driver. Mechanical elbow joints permit the wheels to move freely. Swaying or tilting when driving around curves or over bumpy roads is claimed to be eliminated with this "curve-balancer." Metal elbows allow independent movement of the wheels. 73

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Guard Saves “Pedestrian in cAuto cAccidents A “PEDESTRIAN-GUARD” for motor vehicles, miniature resemblance of the cow-catcher of a locomotive, has been devised by an English auto engineer. With the use of his new device, the inventor claims that serious pedestrian injuries and losses of life will be prevented. The wheel guards consist of rolled steel frameworks covered with mesh. These are © mounted directly ahead of each front wheel and are clamped to the stub axle. If a pedestrian is struck by the curved panel in front of either wheel, a strong spring re- leases two auxiliary guards nearer the ground. These prevent the wheels from passing over the pedestrian before the car can be stopped. Road Reflector Aids Car Parking SIGN ON PAVEMENT . AUXILIARY GUARD DOWN, че — W. J. Atkins of England is seen with a model of his wheel guard. If wheel strikes pedestrian, auxiliary guards drop. Magnets Detect Smuggled Weapons MUGGLING of weapons into prisons is eliminated by the new secret weapon de- tector. As soon as a person with a gun passes between twin electric magnets mounted on stands, a light and buzzer issue warnings. By means of new teat window reflector, image of a sign six by ten feet placed on the road two feet back of the car was reflected into rear view mirror over windshield to show park- ing advantages of new road-reflecting mirror for motorists. HE motorist's latest aid in simplifying his parking problems is a curved reflector for the rear window which eliminates the blind spots back of the car. The reflector casts an image into the conventional rear view mirror above the windshield. With this device, the driver can see every- thing within an area two to eight feet back of the car and ten feet wide. The driver can clearly see how close the automobile is to the curb when backing into a parking space and can see the front bumper of the car back of him until he gets within two feet of it. In traffic the reflector shows cars approaching from the side or rear. The reflector fastens to If a cartier of concealed firearms walks between magnets at А В : jail door, a light and buzzer give warning signal to keeper. the rear window with a suction cup. 74 : Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Pneumatic Coupler Connects 26-Passenger Trailer to Auto Speedy ‘*Flivver Plane” Costs $69 SCAR MAYER, youthful Czechoslovak- ian inventor, has just constructed a two- seated “flivver airplane" which he claims can be manufactured to retail at a cost not ex- ceeding $69. Weighing 925 pounds, the midget plane is 16 feet long and has a wing spread of 33 feet. It consumes less than four gallons of fuel for ‘every 100 miles of travel and is said to attain a speed of 75 m.p.h. Inventor Oscar Mayer, of Prague, is seen at left with his 75 m.p.h., low- cost "flivver" plane. Airport Fireman Uses Motorcycle URNING planes can be put out quickly with the new navy fire extinguisher . which is now being introduced at many of America’s larger airports. The apparatus is compact and may be car- ried about on a three-wheeled motorcycle. If an airplane lands in flames, the motorcycle fireman dashes swiftly to the scene, unrolls the rubber tubing, directs the nozzle on the blaze, and sprays the chemical over the burning ` plane for a rapid put-out. Magazine, July, 1935 Above — Light-weight trailer-bus, drawn by properly-geared six- cylinder roadster, oper- ates at less than eleven cents a mile. Right— Pneumatic coupling unit is safety feature which air-cushions shocks and eliminates the danger of weaving. NEW, revolutionary type of trailer, which combines all standardized features of aviation and automobile construction known to science, has just been put into service. Attached to an ordinary six-cylinder roadster by a pneumatic coupling unit, the 26-passenger bus when loaded can be driven at an operating cost of under eleven cents a mile or little more than fhe cost of running a two-passenger, six-cylinder car. The body and chassis are built as a single unit. Airplane struts and longerons constitute the frame which is tightened by crosswire braces. A novel airplane "cockpit" seats four people. . The coupler insures safety and absorbs power- car vibrations and road shocks. This unique fire extinguisher is used to smother plane flames at airports. Chemicals and hose are mounted on a three-wheeled motorcycle and rushed quickly to the scene. 75

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How THREE COLOR MOVIES COLOR CAMERA MAKES THREE SEPARATE NEGATIVES, SQUARE PRISM IS SPLIT ON A DIAGONAL, AND CUT SURFACES PARTLY SILVERED. HALF OF LIGHT

BLUE-SENSITIVE NEGATIVE MAGENTA FILTER PASSES RED AND BLUE LIGHT

RED- SENSITIVE NEGATIVE

/ Jg

@

Ж, ( LIGHT SOURCE ÍCONTACT PRINT, ` / {KNOWN AS MATRIX, и 15 MADE FROM wf EACH COLOR NEG- ^! ATIVE. EMULSION ON PASSES: STRAIGHT THROUGH, HALF IS REFLECTED AT RIGHT ANGLES TO DIVIDE LIGHT COMING FROM SCENE NEGATIVE \ MATRIX HARDENS IN PROPORTION TO AMOUNT OF LIGHT WHICH IS

THREE-COLOR CAMERA DYEING OF MATRIX IS EQUIVALENT TO INKING OF TYPE IN RELIEF PRINTING PROCESS. EACH MATRIX 15 PRINTED IN TURN ON THE POSITIVE FILM MAGENTA DYE ~a, 2 Т, FINAL THREE— OLOR FILM READY М FOR PROJECTION V ON SCREEN

TECHNICOLOR USES ORDINARY SOUND PROJECTOR These drawings show the essential steps in the production of three-color movies by the successful Technicolor process used in film “Та Cucaracha.” OULD you like to know how the color in a Walt Disney Silly Symphony or in “La Cucaracha" is obtained? Have you ever wondered how a motion picture film, in which each picture is about the size of a postage stamp, is colored so it can be magnified 35,000 or more times and stil retain the beautiful coloring of a Silly Symphony? The actual application of the color to the film is not unlike the method used in printing a page of type. In the printing process, the 76 PASSED BY NEGATIVE 2 DISSOLVES THOSE PARTS OF MATRIX NOT ! STRUCK BY LIGHT. / LEAVING IMAGE IN RELIEF DYE ON HIGH "POINTS OF EACH < MATRIX IS TRANSFERRED ~ TO POSITIVE YELLOW DYE ‘a KIEM Ud SS type is set or a plate is made for each of the colors appearing in the picture or the printed page. The plates or type of a printing press are in relief and the high portions of the plate re- ceive an ink which is pressed into contact with the paper. The ink is transferred to the paper. In the motion picture, they do not use plates in that sense of the word. Instead, a “matrix” is used. This “matrix” is very similar to the Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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ARE MADE One of the frames from "La Cucaracha,” a two-reel short which is proving to be the first notably successful color picture other than the three-color animated cartoons. Note the variable-density sound track at the left of the picture. printer's type or plate, and the color impres- sion is made by dyeing the "matrix" and . pressing it in contact with a motion picture film. | In a picture on paper, if the finished print shows three colors, three separate plates have to be made and the paper run through the press three times. In the same way a motion picture receives a printing, or an “imbibition,” as it is known in the studios, for each color that appears. on the screen. Until the perfection of the Technicolor Three-Color process, which was first used in the Disney cartoons, all motion pictures were colored in only two colors; namely, red- orange and green-blue. Of course the use of only two colors resulted in a limited color range. Now, however, with the perfection of a method of applying three colors, a more natural and true to life color on the screen is possible. This was brought about through the enterprise of Dr. Herbert T. Kalmus. The Technicolor Three-Color process is the nearest approach to the colors and delicate Shades found in nature. It was perfected for Technicolor under the supervision of J. A. Ball, and was first commercially used in 1932 in the Walt Disney Silly Symphony, “Flowers and Trees.” The same process was first used in a real-life picture, “The House of Roths- Magazine, July, 1935 by EARL THEISEN . EMBOSSED LINES ON CELLULOID SIDE ACT AS LENSES TO SEPARATE LIGHT INTO PRIMARY COLORS. NO COLOR !S VISIBLE | LENS SIDE. /'\ A ON DEVELOPED FILM P cross-section / | A às OF FILM I ode / H 4 \ NS RED GREEN BLUE RAYS RAYS RAYS CAMERA LENS 4 BLUE FILTER GREEN FILTER RED FILTER Lenses embossed in film provide color separation in Koda- color process developed by Eastman Kodak to give color movies to amateur movie fans using 16 millimeter film. Both camera and projector must have the special three- color filter, since finished Kodacolor film shows no color. child," in a color sequence supervised by Natalie Kalmus. It was also used in “La Cucaracha,” a two-reel short which has taken the country by storm because of its beautiful color. Financed by John H. Whitney at a cost of $65,000, which is over three times the cost of an uncolored picture of the same length, this is proving to be the first notably suc- cessful color film outside of the cartoons. In photographing a Disney Silly Symphony, [Continued on page 122] 77

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“Talkies” Heard Through Bones In First Theater for Deaf Dr. Hugo Lieber, of New York, demonstrates how pressure of his new “oscillator” on any head bone permits the deaf to hear "'talkies." A Chicago show house uses the device. Makes Baskets from Pine Needles EAUTIFULLY designed baskets, rivaling the craftsmanship of Indian basket makers, are produced from pine needles and plant fiber as the leisure-time hobby of Mrs. Alice P. Hooker, of Balboa Island, California. Selected needles are boiled to remove pitch, thoroughly dried and treated to prevent them from becoming brittle. Nearly half a day is required to gather enough pine needles for one basket. One of the finest designs took three months to complete. Some baskets are so tightly woven that they will hold water. As many as 5,000 pine needles are used by this California woman in weaving one basket. Bundle of needles is at her feet. 78 HAT is claimed to be the only theater in the world offering talking picture enter- tainment for the deaf is now operating in Chicago. Hearing is made possible by an “oscillator” which literally enables the hard-of-hearing to “listen” through their bones. Every seat in the Chicago theater is equipped with the new device. Devised by Dr. Hugo Lieber, of New York, the unusual instrument is no larger than a sugar lump. It is attached -to the end of a lorgnette handle and can easily be hidden in the palm of the hand. Pressure of the oscilla- tor against any bone of the skull permits the sound waves to travel through the bony struc- ture of the body to the middle ear. A tiny rheostat on the connecting cord regulates volume in proportion to the listener’s deaf- ness. Those of sound hearing also may attend the ` theater and are in no way annoyed by the op- eration of the oscillator. There are no loud or discordant noises to distract those with normal hearing. Barrow With Tread Is Trackless Wheelbarrows equipped A with this new crawler БУ ty, tread do not sink into soft ’ The non- i i } ground or leave ruts on lawn or garden. clogging tread cleans itself. “Crawlers” can be fitted to any barrow ог vehicle. ATERPILLAR treads-which can be fitted to garden wheelbarrows are being intro- duced by a German manufacturer. The new “crawler-barrows” have an advantage over the old single-wheelers since the new vehicle can pass unhindered over soft and sandy soil, thus eliminating the necessity of laying down planks. The barrow is claimed to wheel easily without leaving tracks or ruts on lawns or garden beds. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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NEW TIRES lose air more rapidly during first few weeks. Check every other day for first week. SPARE TIRES deteriorate rapidly if unused for more than six months. Tires run on the same wheel continually will not wear evenly. Move every tire clockwise on wheels j every 5,000 miles, making spate the left rear tire, etc. hen repaiting tires, put back on rim so that inner side faces out. AIR PRESSURE in tires should be checked each week, Refill to 2 Ibs. over rated pres- sure, as this amount is normally lost weekly by good tires. PEBBLES and nails lodged in tread should be removed weekly. Fill or vulcanize cuts n and blisters. = STORI х idg i : ALIGNMENT of wheels, =. “№ SY рош froni and rear, should , X RY e checked often, worn i-i М УМ bearings should Бе replaced. ж : Е a QUEER STEERING may 7 |^ [ay AA: ;iN be advance notice of a ; - vg blowout. Stop, locate bad \ pl tire, and replace with spare. =~ \ TURNING CORNERS at high speed grinds rubber from tires, strains side walls. Turn steer- ing wheel slowly always. BUMPING into curbs, driving off concrete highway may pinch tube against rim, tear cords, and later cause blowout.. HIGH SPEED generates heat in- side tires, and rubber deteriorates faster. High speed with heat creates blowout hazard. Tires normally wear less in winter and in rainy seasons than in summer. Inspect all your tires frequently. SLAMMING ON BRAKES 2 gtinds rubber off n four tires, „> ҥ strains casings. nequal brak- a 22 ; ing has the same effect. Ве JE 4 2222 : eaten ei — T sure brakes are equalized by y "e GE having them checked often on good brake-testing machine. REAR TIRE BLOW.OUTS are just as dangerous as front tire blow-outs. If street is slippety, dangerous skid re- sults. Do not drive car with treads worn smooth-—you en- danger too many lives. SPINNING WHEELS injure ы É м tires through abrasion, exces- ы E ~ sive heat. To get out of mud or snow, try starting in high. Magazine, July, 1935 79

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Rare Whistling Arrows to Be Shown at California Exposition Arrows which whistle and this unusual reverse bow will be among the old exhibits at California’s forthcoming world fair. Engine Brake Drives Turntable EAVY locomotives may operate turn- ‘tables under their own power through the attachment of the vacuum brake pipe to a recently devised vacuum engine which is mounted on the turning platform. When it is too costly to use electrical or mechanical means, the new device is said to halve the time usually required to operate a turntable by hand. i This English locomotive connects its vacuum brake pipe to a small motor to turn the table under its own power. Note vacuum tank under locomotive platform for power reserve. 80 ARE old Chinese arrows, equipped with jade heads which whistle as they speed through the air, are among the feature ex- hibits in the Palace of Science at the California .Pacific International Exposition at San Diego. These odd missiles were used by the Orientals to attract attention. They are a part of the Jessup collection, claimed by authorities to contain the world’s best archery display. Sawdust Seen As Cattle Fodder RDINARY sawdust, treated with sugar, was found recently to provide an excel- lent fodder for dairy cattle. Although sawdust will not displace regular feeds, cows fed on the supplementary diet actually yielded more milk and enjoyed better health than other bovines. New Transmitter Uses Neon Tubes The new radio ultra-short wave length of nine centimeters. Neon tubes are used to transfer voice signals to reflected wave beam. transmitter, shown above, operates on an NEW type of radio transmitter, gener- ating an ultra-short wave length of nine centimeters, or less than four inches, was demonstrated recently at Rochester, N. Y. “Acorn” tubes are used in generating the waves, while a parabolic reflector, placed just back of the short antenna, reflects the waves like light. Banks of ordinary neon tubes, placed in the path of the ultra-short wave beam, transfer to this beam voice signals of audio-frequency. By this radically new method, ultra-short wave signals have been modulated for the first time without changing their frequency. Great privacy in radio com- munication is expected to result. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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TROUSER HANGER THAT WILL HOLD Y | OLLER ' AND KEEP: BEARING CASTERS CUFFS FOR: FURNITURE PRESSED AMETHOD OF OPENING A PACKAGE WITH V WAX PAPER VARNISH REMOVER Students of the patent situation, who have studied the expansion of the United States patent system and who have traced its growth from the first patent signed by President George Washington, feel that great days are still ahead for the American inventor. These will be days of opportunity and need for new ideas. Before many years have passed at least 100,000 patents will be issued annually in this country. The prospects are indeed a far cry from back in the 70’s when a young examiner in the Patent Office quit his job because he thought everything had been invented and Magazine, July, 1935 ‘Big eMoney SZ Lucky Jnventors Of FOR ‘UTENSILS ELECTRICAL HEATING Patent authorities are firm in their belief that the future holds much promise and wealth for men with inven- tive genius who can produce some of the needed articles shown on this page. The Patent Editor will offer ad- vice on protecting your ideas. Address him care of Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine, 529 South 7th St., Minneapolis, Minn. Always enclose a stamped, self- addressed envelope "for re- ply. Do not send models. that there was no future in his business. Over a million and a half patents have been issued since his day. Many of them have covered major inventions like the electric light, the vacuum tube, the printing telegraph, the automobile and the airplane. This young man forgot that “ ventions beget inventions” and the more we have, the more we must have. After having touched upon a highly spe- cialized field in previous columns, we return this month to a miscellaneous list of needed inventions with the hope of stimulating in- ventors with varied talents. The old-fashioned automobile chains with their breaking links are rapidly succumbing [Continued on page 142] 81

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America's Part in Soviet | DNIEPR ^ WORLD'S GREATES EW people realize, even today, how important a part America played in the greatest drama in his- tory, the Five Year Plan of Soviet Russia. This octopus-like rebuilding program, which pro- vided mighty power plants, towering steel mills, and humming factories surpassed in size only by the American plants after which they were patterned, was brought to a highly successful conclusion in 1932. The second Five Year Plan of the U. S. S. R., now half-completed, calls for more factories and more machines, but stresses the production and con- sumption of Soviet-made goods. With the establishment of friendly reletions be- tween the Soviet and American governments, greater and greater interest is being taken by Soviet engineers in the mass production methods employed by American manufacturers. Many Soviet commis- sions are being sent to this country to make studies in different industrial fields, and to make preliminary arrangements for the purchase of American-made machinery. А In the great iron апа steel-working factories American technical methods are most evident. Largest in Europe are the Gorky and .. АМО (Moscow) automobile | factories. At Gorky alone POWER FARMING Little more than a decade ago, there was born from revolution and chaos the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, a gigantic empire of a hundred different nationalities. The rebuilding of U. S. S. R. by Five-year Plans is the world's greatest engineering miracle. 82 Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Engineering Triumphs 140,000 Ford trucks and passenger cars a year can be turned out by American assembly line machinery. High in the Ural mountains is Magni- togorsk, largest of European steel mills, the supply center for the metal industry. Here four blast furnaces are belching flame and smoke into the heavens day and night, con-. verting a daily quota of 1,000 tons of iron ore into high quality pig iron. At Kuznetz, in Central Siberia, are three huge American- type blast furnaces, half a dozen open hearth furnaces, and other steel-working equipment. Serving the steel machinery industry is the impressive Moscow ball-bearing plant, capa- ble of producing 24,000,000 steel balls and roller bearings a year, of 100 different types. Probably the largest caterpillar-type trac- tor plant in the world is at Cheliabinsk. This single plant is capable of turning out 40,000 tractors a year for Soviet agriculture and in- dustry. Soviet metal workers point with pride to the largest welded steel bridge in the world, spanning the Avushka river at Stalinsk. Starting operation this year at Kharkov, the world’s largest turbo-generator works is MAXIM GORKY— LARGEST LAND PLANE American engineers, American materials, American money played no little part in the success of Russia's empire-rebuilding program. From this budget of work and progress came forth mighty power plants, steel mills, factories, many the largest in the world. Magazine, July, 1935 83

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WORLD RECORDS GREATEST POWER PLANT is Dnieproges (as it is now called), famous $110,000,000 Dnieper River hydro-electric project. KING OF LAND PLANES is the Soviet “Maxim Gorky,” ` carrying 40 passengers and crew of 23, with a printing plant, movie projector and loudspeakers for educational work. HIGHEST IN THE AIR went the Red Army stratostat U. S. S. R., to set a stratosphere record of nearly 12 miles. FIRST as regards the use of airplanes in forestry and agri- culture, is U. S. S. R. From the air seed is sown, frost driven away, insect-killing chemicals dropped upon forests. LONGEST RIVER ROUTE for navigation, a 2,100 mile water- way connecting Moscow with Archangel, opened this year. MIGHTIEST ON THE AIR is Moscow's 500 kilowatt radio station, reaching out to every corner of the Soviet empire. LARGEST ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE for passenger service, Russia's 2-3-2 PB, can haul 20 cars at 80 miles per hour. Largest in Europe are the Gorky and AMO automo- bile factories. At Gorky 140,000 Ford trucks and passenger cars can be turned out each year, The AMO plant (at Moscow) has a capacity of 50,000 heavy trucks a year. American assembly line methods were introduced into these plants by America's best engineers. Canal building pro- егез rapidly їп the viet Union. Already the Baltic Sea and the White Sea have been connected by a 141-mile long ship canal having 19 locks, 15 dams. Soviet steamers no longer have to circle Norway, Sweden and Finland to go from Leningrad to Archangel. Other Volga river canals are under construction. to produce power generating units of up to 200,000 kw. size, for future hydro-electric projects. Preliminary work is now under way on the great- est power plant in history, the Lower Volga hydro- electric plant, which is to have four times the out- put of the world-famous Dnieper River project. Over 10,000,000 acres of the drought-ridden trans- Volga region will be irrigated by use of this power. Standing out among Soviet hydro-electric achievements is the Dnieper River dam and plant, now known as Dnieproges. Nine American-made turbo-generator units are here rapidly approaching their capacity output of 756,000 h.p., as the waters of the turbulent Dnieper rise to a height of 120 feet behind the largest masonry dam ever built. The power project and inter-connected industrial plants at Dnieproges will eventually involve a total cost of $800,000,000. [Continwed on page 130] 84 Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Radio-Operated Stream Depth Indicator Warns of Floods Photo above shows semi-portable gauge in n Californian stream. Right—I. M. Ingerson is seen with transmitter and keying device which broadcasts warnings when water level increases. Odd Device Vacuum Cleans Lawns GIANT outdoor vacuum cleaner for use in parks and on private lawns and golf courses, has been invented by George H. Eddy of Seattle. Capable of doing the work of 20 men, the machine creates a suction powerful enough to clean the grounds of leaves, twigs, loose dirt and all other debris. Inventor George H. Eddy exhibits his outdoor leaf-collector. Suction lifts debris off ground, depositing it in screen cage. Magazine, July, 1935 ADIO has been brought into use in flood patrol work along California's streams to broadcast warnings in the event of high water. P Automatic stream gauge transmitters, housed in long corrugated tubes which ex- tend down into the center of the river, send out their reports at frequent intervals so that water stages in distant streams may be de- termined at receiving office. As an aid in flood control and watermaster service, the new indicators have considerable value. They not only give advance information on stream fluctuations but also transmit signals from time to time, indicating the actual gauge height of the stream at the particular moment. Invented by I. M. Ingerson, hydraulic en- gineer, the radio stream depth indicator is handled by àn automatic keying device. Lock Protects Bottled Contents TAMPER- proof bottle cap which can be opened only with a key is now on the market. The key is inserted in the neck and turned until the top snaps off. With the stop- per removed, the contents can be poured. SEVERED. "TOP Key inserted in neck unlocks top. Opened bottle is used but once. 85

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Seeks 300 m.p.h. With Motorcycle Powered By Auto Engine Fred Luther, Los Angeles racer, is shown seated on his specially built motorcycle with which he hopes to exceed 300 m.p.h. It is powered cylinder auto engine. Automat Swaps Candy for Bottles O INSURE the return of empty milk bot- tles and eliminate the cost of replace- ments, an automat has been devised which dispenses candy and gum in exchange for “empties.” Shaped and painted like a huge milk bottle, the container has a capacity of 60 bottles. The empty bottle is placed on a red hook in an opening near the top and a handle is pushed to the right to deposit the bottle. Gum or candy is discharged into the customer's hands. Empty milk bottles deposited in automat reward customer with candy or gum. Sanitary device reduces bottle losses. 86 Note brake skid on ground in front of rear wheel. HREATENING to smash all existing motorcycle speed records, Fred Luther, Los Angeles racer, has just completed assem- bling an unique motorcycle which he claims will exceed 300 m. p. h. Powered by a six-cylinder Ply- mouth automobile engine with fan end generator removed, his special racing job is now undergoing a series of speed tests on the Pacific Coast. The 1,500-pound machine has a wheelbase of 85 inches and an over-all length of 115 inches. The frame is a standard one which has been lengthened and rein- forced with steel tubing. Luther steers his motorcycle through two large sprockets connected by a 34-inch chain. The steel plates, mounted in front of the rear wheel, act as brakes when lowered. by a 6- 3-Ton "Brain" Is Problem-Solver The world's largest "mechanical brain" solves difficult prob- lems speedily and with little error. Miles Nelson, right, who helped develop the device is shown at the answer table. HE largest and keenest "mechanical brain” in the world was exhibited re- cently for the first time at the University of Pennsylvania. Weighing three tons, the mechanism can solve complex problems in one-sixth of the time usually required by human mathematicians. The novel machine has ten “integrators,” each of which is set by a hand dial to deter- mine the effect of a variable quantity on the problem at hand. During the setting of a dial, a knife-edged wheel comes in contact with a small steel disc. By controlling friction, the speed of the small wheel becomes the main factor in problem-solving. Built at a cost of $50,000, the device required the services of 115 skilled workers over a 15- month period before it was completed. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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GIRO-Automobile FLIES Without WINGS The wing-less autogiro and the invention of a combined land and air drive makes the dream of the flying auto come true. LYING automobiles are within reach of the public today as a result of a dual drive for land or air invented by Edward A. Stalker, of Ann Arbor, Mich. His gear drive includes a simple clutch which engages a wheel to drive the car on land or a propeller to push the vehicle through the air. Based on this invention, the giro-automobile was designed. In appearance it resembles the modern streamlined, rear engine automobile. No wings are necessary as. autogiro blades would provide the necessary lift. The U. S. Bureau of Air Commerce has ordered the Pitcairn Autogiro Company to design an autogiro airplane-automobile for amateur fliers, which with its rotor blades folded back and its engine geared to the wheels can be driven on a highway like a motor car. A- N А қ \ Nee оғ C XC у - ПИА А FLYING POSITION ORIVE омт2 7 d —SEE DETAIL Sectional diagram above shows how Stalker's| dual drive system would be used in giro-auto. = ТШ Т^; WHEN AIRCRAFT RISES DRIVE WHEEL "A" DROPS MOTOR WITH HOUSING "В" THUS |! ENGAGING AIRSGREW DRIVE SHAFT "C" AND. DISENGAGING WHEEL"A" A yf Drive wheel A in above diagram would propel flying automobile on land. To take off giro blades are started spinning and drive wheel runs the car for short distance needed for autogiro takeoff. In flight, wheel would drop, engaging shaft C which drives propeller for forward flight. Photos show latest wingless Pitcairn autogiro. The government has ordered similar ships with geared wheels. Magazine, July, 1935 87

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Skyscrapers Roll On Ball Bearings When Earthquake Occurs O ELIMINATE the danger of buildings toppling during earthquakes, R. W. de Montalk, New Zealand architect, proposes building skyscrapers on ball bearing bases. A rectangular platform of concrete with raised edges is sunk in the ground, and on this saucer are laid rounded beach stones which, like ball bearings, move back and forth dur- ing a disturbance, thus permitting the build- ing to remain in a safe, upright position. The plan is based on the theory that earth- quake damage to tall structures rarely results from sudden sinking or upthrust of the soil. More often, the earth tremors start a rigid building to sway until its cracking founda- tion finally causes collapse. Even Baby Buggy Is Streamlined Pp 1 Jerking a sheet of paper suddenly from beneath a tumbler Even baby will be in style f will not upset its contents. On this theory a New Zealand when riding in this new architect has conceived the plan, shown above, for building streamlined perambulator, \ } skyscrapers on a concrete platform covered with round stones which was one of the fea- і р; to prevent collapse of the tall structures during earthquakes. tures at an industrial fair 2 held in London recently. Extracts Cheap Gas from Mineral LIMAXING ten years of experimentation, N. H. Freeman, London chemist, has per- fected a process to extract high grade gaso- line from minerals. Better mileage than with normal gas is claimed for the new fuel which will retail at four cents a gallon. Produced from torbanite, a mineral hither- to regarded as worthless, the gasoline has been subjected to numerous tests in autos and airplanes. A plant in South Africa will manu- facture the new product. TREAMLINING, which has invaded the automotive industry and revolutionized railroad design, has at last been felt by the manufacturers of baby carriages, A storm- proof, streamlined perambulator recently was exhibited at an industrial fair in London. "Radio Roof" Is 450 Miles High HE world’s tallest “radio roof," 450 miles up, has been discovered by scientists at the Bureau of Standards. The ceiling, the outermost layer of ionized air known, makes long distance communication possible by re- N. H. Freeman of London examines a laboratory transformer 5 s А he employs to produce low cost gas from useless mineral. flecting radio signals to the earth. 88 | | Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Vulcanizing Breaks In Garden Hose HEN leaks are found in a small portion of your garden hose, but the remainder of the hose is still in good condition, cut out the damaged section. Bevel off the edges of a 3 or 4 inch length of 15" diameter pipe, then heat this pipe enough so that it will melt but not burn rubber. Quickly force the ends of the hose over the pipe, push the sections together, : and allow to stand until cool. —O. E. Olson. MEAT ANO INSERT Use Water Pressure and Garden Hose to Spray Shrubs SAY - F NO power spray pump is available, and you have fruit trees, a hedge, or shrubs that need spraying, the home water pressure system may be called on to supply pressure. Empty all water from the hose, prop up the nozzle end, and open the nozzle. Insert a funnel in the other end, and pour in a gallon of the spray mix- ture. This should just about fill a 50-foot length of 34" hose. Attach the hose to the water sill cock, adjust the nozzle to the finest spray, and turn the water on slightly. This forces out the spray mixture.—H. Sibley. 50 FT. GARDEN HOSE Mark Sill Cock for "Blind" Sprinkling ПЗВ \ LLL BRASS STRIP HEN the lawn sprinkler is set around the corner of the house or behind shrubbery where it cannot be seen from the sill cock, it is difficult to adjust to the re- quired pressure. By soldering a pointer to the body of the valve and filing marks on the handwheel which in- ` dicate the area covered by the sprinkler, any definite pressure can always be obtained.—Joe Morrow. Sharpened Spade Edge Serves As Root Axe HEN transplanting trees or digging trenches, roots are encountered which oftentimes cannot be cut by the rock-dulled cutting edge of the spade. By sharpening one side of the spade for a distance of about six inches, down to within an inch of the end, roots may be sliced off with one blow of the spade used as an axe. Since this edge does not hit rocks, it can be kept sharp easily with a file or emery wheel. Whether working in the garden or field, this revamped spade will be handy.—A. Н. Waychoff. Magazine, July, 1935 89

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COMFORTS FOR CAMPERS | Iceless Cooler for Camp Hangs from Tree LL campers will appreciate this simple homemade cooler, in which evaporation of water from the canvas sides, which are kept continually moist by capillary action, cools milk, butter, and meats inside the hood. A piece of 12-ounce canvas about 36"x40" in size is sewed into a tube into which a 12-quart pail will fit snugly. The ends of the tube are folded over the pail rim, and riveted in position. A door flap about 6"x10" in size is cut out from one side, and zipper Y CUTTING down the legs of an old card table to about 12-inch length, and sharpening the legs to a point, you can have a picnic table which will not wobble, yet can be folded up and stowed away in the back of the car. The pointed legs can be pushed into the ground easily. A bit of oil smeared over each leg will discourage ants. Pienickers sit on the ground.—Chet Sullivan. T pa p A Built-In Cooler for Cottages [oN ‘ /y7 4 SLOT FOR ) E p^ Af. EUCLEY AND WEIGHT SHARPEN TO i! POINT ч gemi X OOD can be kept cool without ice during шо = those hot summer days at the lake cottage St with this novel built-in cooler. А concrete shaft is built below the floor of the cottage, going down at least six feet—deeper if pos- sible. Grooves in which a shelved box slides : 1 up and down are made on two opposite sides. FLOOR OF M || This box is suspended by ropes which go over OMA E pulleys attached to floor rafters, then down the outside of the concrete chamber, to counter-balance weights. A trapdoor in the floor keeps the box at the bottom of the pit. Holes are made for the weights to drop into, to bring the cooler box bottom just about even with the floor when food is to be taken out.—John E. Hoar. Attach Folding Camp Table to Your Car s ({° SW. р ром BARS - k ) HE drawings at the right show a simple camp table [Уу - .. gi а ы ы! that can be carried along in the car, and set up in i | a minute for a picnic lunch. The running board of the ear provides seats for two. Iron bars are bent as shown, to hook over a door of the car. Cleats are nailed to x 2 , the underside of the plywood table top, to keep the 2 c. Sms strap iron bars apart.—R. J. Bacon. 90 Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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OUTDOOR FUN PROJECTS Roller Skate Racer Has Knee Action Springs OUR tractor piston springs, each set above a pair of roller skate wheels, provide the knee action for this novel midget auto. Pants made from plywood and tin are placed over each wheel, and painted in a zig-zag design to enhance the stream- lined effect of the rearward-slanted radiator. Sec- tions of a leaf spring are bolted loosely to the frame of the car and to the axles, to prevent any back and forth movement of the axles on rough roads. Sev- eral bed springs may be used on each wheel in place of the stiffer tractor springs.—Johnny Crymes. TRACTOR See 2 PISTON KU. ROLLER SKATE SPRINGS WHEELS Ра Kite Glider Uses Cellophane Covering 2 ver 7^ OR PINE FRAMI OMBINING desirable features of both kite and glider, this gliding kite can be controlled even in a strong wind. If a string release mechanism is used, the glider can be set loose once it is aloft, and allowed to glide back to earth. Use either balsa or = soft pine for the frame of this novel kite glider. EA CIO EN S —G. E. Van Horn. АУ ALEMITE CAP f FOR GREASING >» Connecting Rods Make Back Yard Swing Safe Fe safer for the kiddies than the old method of tossing ropes around a tree limb is this lubricated bearing play swing. An iron rod or pipe of the same size as the connecting rod bear- | ing is mounted between upright posts. The ends of the rope аге owe tied through се the wrist pin |. holes. — Ralph Anderson. penes A One-Seat Bouncing Teeter-Totter HE novelty of this teeter-totter lies in its simplicity, for a single leaf from an auto spring supplies the motion. A seat with cross- . bar handles is bolted to one end of the spring, and the other end fastened to an upright post sunk into the ground. Notch the upright about 6" above the ground, and use a spring ( р A shackle to hold the spring in this notch. A T е 2222 Л piece of strap iron attached to the spring with NOTCH IN POST) — SONS a U-bolt keeps it in a horizontal position. The child places his legs on the handlebar support. 1 For children older than five years, two or WASHER AND NUTS — asma р on 77 more spring leafs are needed.—H. A. Dahl. Magazine, July, 1935 91

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EXPLORE Lake BOTTOMS With

EYEBOLT PLUG OLD PIPE OUTLETS \) WIRE TO ROPE AT INTERVALS WEIGHT , RY SHUT-OFF VALVE - 0LD DRAIN COCK — ON OUTLET LOCATE TO SUIT CONVENIENCE —

FIG.1- COMPLETE HELMET ASSEMBLY

I APPROXIMATE WATER PRESSURE | DEPTH | ЕВ5. PER SQ. INCH "oon " n n “

Pump used must de- liver even flow of air in excess of pressure shown at left for each depth to keep water out of diving helmet. by GARRY GROVER

“

u ц “EXPERIENCED DIVERS ONLY

MATEUR diving is rapidly becoming orie of the most popular of summer sports. Along both the Atlantic and Pacific seaboards and in almost every inland lake and river, under-water éxplorers are rapidly pushing back the last American frontier, delving into secrets of nature which for countless ages have been concealed by tons and tons of water. With the diving helmet described here, a measured depth of approximately fifty feet, believed to be a record for amateur divers, was reached at Lake Minnetonka, near Min- neapolis, Minn. Many other dives made with this helmet have been over an hour in length. If a few simple precautions are observed, there is no more danger in diving with a helmet than in ordinary swimming. The added fea- ture of the two-way radiophone set, eliminates many of the dangers of amateur diving. The person at the surface, operating the pumps, is 92

TO PUMP HOSE PADDING WIRED TO HELMET

Complete diving unit as used by author of this article. Phone set worn is the one used by shore man.

^ RADIUS OF HELME T7 FIG. 2— PORT FRAMES +

FOLD ON THE DOTTED LINES ё" PLATE GLASS —»- «24 FRAME B-SOLDER «< ÓR WELD FRAMES í TOGETHER SEATING GLASS WITH PLENTY OF MARINE CEMENT FIG.3-PORT DETAILS

Glass port must be watertight, strong enough to resist pressure at maximum depth. Be sure to use good plate glass, cemented in place. always in direct communication with the diver, and knows just what he is doing. The helmet is constructed from the top of an ordinary hot water tank. The tank should be cut sufficiently long to allow the user plenty of head room. It is then cut to fit over the shoulders and chest as shown in Figures 1 and 4. This should be done with care, as a good fit means more comfort and less loss of air. Next, the port or window should be cut out. This is best located by trying the helmet on and marking the approximate position. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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RADIOPHONE This helmet for amateur divers, with its built-in two-way radiophone communica- tion system, is designed for both pleasure and profit. With it you can carry out under-water phofography, study the habits of fish, locate sunken outboard motots and boats, or merely explore. SOLDER nen a ; TOP OF ORDINARY DU HOT WATER TANK “T SPLIT HOSE SECTION THRU / METAL £) FRAME HOLDS p BATTERY S DRILLFOREYEBOLT / є Заб en hy X DETAIL OF BREAST PLATE М М For BATTERY & TRANSMITTER TOP VIEW Cut helmet from old water tank, FIG. 4 - THREE-VIEW to size which will give sufficient head room. Hose and safety line should be about 50 feet long, and new. Bolts hold each weight. AMATEUR DIVING PRECAUTIONS Unless you ate a good swimmer, don't try diving. Make only shallow dives until you have had some experience in walking under water with a weighted helmet. Be sure a good swimmer is always at hand in case of accident. The cold water may bring on cramps. Use two safety ropes, one around your waist, the other attached to the helmet, and both tied to the air line at intervals. Both ropes and hose should be new. Under ordinary circumstances, do not go deeper than 30 feet with this helmet. Deeper dives involve an element of danger, and are best made with regular diving suits. If the water is rising in your helmet, call for more air. You can always push off the helmet and swim to the surface if the pumps stop or the air line breaks. Magazine, July, 1935 CUT FROM OLD INNER TUBE DIVING Helmet Ready to dive—lead | E weights sink helmet slowly when air is pumped in. No shoul- der straps are needed. SHORE SET i RECEIVER A BREAST 4- \ оте У HELMET SET- ACTS AS TRANSMITTER & RECEIVER у^ nu "С" BATTERY FIG. 5 TELEPHONE: J. WIRING DIAGRAM Sa Radio earphones act as both transmitter and receiver in this simple communication system which permits diver to give instructions to man at surface. А 414-volt C battery supplies the power— large battery may be used if more volume is desired. Two waterproof wires are run from helmet to surface. The size of the port depends upon the in- dividual, but should be at least 6"x8", 'These cuts may be made either with a cold chisel or with a cutting torch. The latter is the more simple but it is also more expensive. The window frame “B” is made as shown in Fig. 2, from heavy galvanized iron, and soldered into place. The frame “A” is made of the same material, but is made enough larger to fit over frame "B". Plate glass: is used for the port glass and is held in place with some type of marine cement or ordinary aquarium cement obtainable at pet shops. The cement used should be thick and pasty, but should not harden too hard. The frame “A” is then soldered into place. The shoulder padding is made from garden hose. The hose is split lengthwise and wired through small holes drilled around the base of the helmet, as shown in detail sketches, Fig. 4. [Continued on page 124] 93

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Backyard Swim Pool, Made of Canvas, Rolls Up Like Tent WIDTHS OF CANVAS SEWN TO 9 TUBE Y VALVE Portable and leak-proof, this inexpensive canvas bowl sets up in any backyard. The bag holds shape when filled with water. Tire Pump Makes Novel Pop Gun RAPID-FIRE pop gun can be constructed from a discarded tire pump by sawing off the cylinder above the outlet and attaching a hollow rubber ball to the plunger with a short piece of wire. The tightly fitting ball is forced out with a pop as the handle is pushed forward. FLEXIBLE PICTURE - WIRE ATTACHED TO BOLT E OLO AUTO |7 PUMP AT WHEN PLUNGER IS PULLED. BACK THE. - BALL IS PULLED JUST Y INSIDE OF CYLINDER е. RUBBER > BALL TIGHTLY IN * CYLINDER Hollow rubber ball, fastened to plunger of revamped tire pump, gives loud report when pump handle, is depressed. 94 OU can bring the old swimmin' hole to your backyard with this spacious canvas "bathing bowl" which rolls up like a tent when not in use. Easily assembled, this timely project will command plenty of attention during the tor- rid summer months. Made of a 15-ft. square of waterproofed canvas, as shown in the dia- gram at the left, the bag when seamed is 3 ft. deep and 9 ft. in diameter. Eight 3-in. strips of cemented canvas help to reinforce the seams. The rim is a large hem containing inner tubes cut to size and with ends sealed. Openings in the hem permit removal of inner tubes when bag is put away in storage. A small wooden step-ladder should be made just large enough to straddle the rim so that swimmers may enter or leave pool If de- sired, a midget diving tower may be erected overhanging the edge of the pool. Because of shallow water, high dives should not be tried. Toy Pistol Shoots Spool Bullets V2*X 18” HOLE. rX AISI WOOD SIGHTS, FOR MAIN SPRING _ FREELY OVER DOWEL 2- ila N Lu x == [28 Bh ‘a SECTION GRAIN TRIGGER SPRING Here’s a safe toy pistol for Fourth of July celebrators. Firing thread spools, the gun is claimed to be quite accurate. NLIKE most toy pistols, the hole in the “spool gun" shown above is in the bullet rather than the barrel. Employing discarded thread spools for projectiles, this novelty is safe for any child to use. The spool is slipped over a 5/16-in. dowel (a penny pencil will do) and is held by a notch in the wooden trigger. Pressure on the trigger releases a spring which forces spool off dowel. The trigger is cut from a %-in. block of hardwood. The sights are bent to shape from thin sheet metal, the rear being 3$-in. high and the front, in. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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KILL FLIES With ELECTRIC Screen WIND .2 COILS ОР МО, 18: BARE WIRE SIDE BY SIDE AND SEPARATE THE TURNS WITH: GORD. BOILED IN: PARAFFIN HEAVILY SHELLACED PLYWOOD SWITCH CONTACT PLATE TO HOV. AC. This diagram shows how to connect home-made circuit breaker to electric fly killer. Solenoid bracket touches plunger. by RAYMOND F. YATES LIES, wasps and other insect pests alight- ing on this simply made “electric chair” are electrocuted in a moment. By smearing a bit of honey over the wires without short circuiting them and setting the screen in a window, the house can be rid of flies in a few hours. Two bare copper wires, separated by grocery string, are wound around a piece of plywood, and connected to the 110-volt A. C. house power lines. The bodies of insects crawling over the wires short circuit the sys- tem, the surge of current being strong enough to kill and throw off the insects at the same time. A simple circuit breaker is connected Magazine, July, 1935 PAPER INSULATION WIND FULL OF tig 00.0. WIRE ` 1-4 SOFT IRON ROD x g HOLE Fifty cents worth of materials builds this insect killer. If there is ny possibility that children might ac- tidentally touch bare wires, build a wire guard from 14” mesh screen, completely aroud unit. A wood frame covered with in series with one of the power leads to prevent serious short circuits, inasmuch as the wires are constantly exposed. Be sure to use plywood or some other non-warping insulating material for the form. Any warp- ing of this piece will produce short circuits between the windings, possibly blowing the house fuses. . The cord which separates the No. 18 bare copper wires should first be boiled in paraffin, as untreated cord will absorb moisture and conduct current. The unit may be made as large as desired, as current is drawn only when a fly is being electrocuted. Many will want to make one large enough to fit into a half-opened window. Cockroaches and other crawling insects are killed by placing the unit in a horizontal position, near a pantry shelf, and building a small run-way up to the “hot” platform. Sprinkle over the wires anything sweet, which does not have too much moisture. The circuit breaker is simply a solenoid constructed as shown, and wound full of No. 18 d.c.c. wire, The number of turns or the size of the coil are not important. The iron plunger fits loosely in the solenoid, and vibrates up ahd down until the short circuit is cleared. Do not use grease, as the plunger must make contact with the brass tube. 95

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eModel “Р: Set the rudder, flippers, and wings in any desired position, wind propeller, and watch this stunting airplane do everything a real plane: will do. The ball bearing mounting for the wire framework is a novel feature of this toy. Transfer sketches at right to paper ruled with 1" squares, to obtain model plane dimensions. RUBBER-BAND powered model air- plane of any type, mounted in this tilting, whirling, rolling eradle, will provide hours of keen amusement, and at the same time show just how all the different maneuvers of an air- plane are carried out. When the rudder, flip- pers, and wings are set for a particular stunt and the motor wound, the model will respond just as faithfully as would one of the Navy's stunting Hell Divers. End over end spins, Immelmann turns, tail spins are all possible with this little toy. First form the cradle froni any stiff wire, closing the ends of the circles with tin sleeves soldered into position. Solder the right angled pivots at the positions shown in the sketches. Saw off the legs from a ball-bearing furni- ture caster, ànd mount the bearing on a cir- cular wood base. The semi-circular wire is soldered in the exact center of this bearing. Ambroid battery nuts to the wing tips of 96 au aes ee in BALL BEARINGS FROM FURNITURE CASTER “Ош. Whiri Cradle Fuselage sides are fastened to center part with screws. Whittle propeller from 1"x1"x5" balsa block. Make shaft from No. 16 music wire. Cut rudder hinge from light aluminum, bending small tabs over reat end of fuselage, large tabs over rudder. Fasten to rudder with small brads used as rivets. Wing and flipper angles are also cut from aluminum, and fastened to body with single screws. Try placing this mounted model in the air stream of an electric fan, or on radiator of an auto. your model plane, after determining the bal- ance point, then spread apart the cradle to get the plane in position. If your model is larger or smaller than that shown here, change the size of the mounting correspondingly. A monoplane model for this mounting may be carved from balsa in a few hours. Cut the body piece first, from a 1" thick board, cutting out the center to make room for the rubber band motor. Cut the other parts to the sizes indicated, rounding all edges. Study the photographs and drawings care- fully before assembling your model. Locate the wing pivot bearings in the exact center of balance of the model, to make end over end turns possible. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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А Miniature Japanese Garden NY small, neglected nook in your back yard can easily be transformed into this attractive miniature Japanese garden, with its high-arched bridge, charming stone lamp, fish pond, and cottage. In old Japan, where every inch of land is utilized, you will find these carefully planned gardens everywhere. Windows of the cottage are criss-crossed with narrow strips of berry-box wood, over which is tacked a square of white silk, to create the effect of the paper shoji of Nippon. The bridge rails are steamed, then bent to shape and allowed to set before. assembling with the other pieces. Red lacquer, touched up with black and gold, is an effective color scheme. The last coat should be a clear shellac, applied to all parts of the bridge. Turn out the wood lamp on a lathe, carve out the lamp holder, apply gray paint or lacquer, a coat of marine glue, and finally sprinkle sand all over to give the stone effect. Arrange moss, rocks, and dwarf plants around the pool and cottage. Run pipes from your home water supply to a tiny fountain just ааа таа тл Follow these plans іп making your miniature Japanese garden. Magazine, July, 1935 above a little rock waterfall, from which water can cascade down into the pool below. Your own ingenuity is the only limit to the pos- sibilities of this garden. AN ATTRACTIVE È ADDITION TO YOUR ROCK GARDEN sse SPINE, V5 MATERIAL GILDED FOR ROOF TAR PAPER THE JAPANESE COTTAGE a I аала | V x 3 SPRUCE, STEAMED AND BENT — FOOT BOARDS Axx 7^ Sex o PLYWOOD, | RED WEATHER STAIN У oo FR

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A Semi-Log Cabin for by O. E. OLSON Simple to construct, -yet pleasing in ap- pearance, this cabin is economically ideal for that summer retreat. NYONE handy with tools can build this summer cabin. The semi-log trimming gives it a pleasant rustic appearance. The use of pressed wood panels greatly simplifies its construction and per- forms a double duty by providing a neat, smooth interior finish. The cabin is twenty by twenty-eight feet in size and has four rooms, including the porch. It can be built at low cost, from $200 to $300, depending on location and the price of logs in the vicinity. The timber can be cut by the builder, reducing his expense. In that case, it is necessary to cut the logs and peel them a season ahead of time to allow time for drying. Logs, already peeled and sea- soned, can usually be purchased in the LIVING ROOM wx20 20" A — FLOOR PLAN | “PRESSED SPLIT LOG = WO. "STUD х4” i т.б б. FIR, FLOORING BASE BOARD —»f TRIM-LOG SPLIT AND as COC TEI TTI SPIKED TO SILL. ROOF OF 1X12 SHIPLAP LOL QE n > г Х 4 RAFTERS —7 Se p 2 eo Iu X6"TIMBER SILLS ; 222 @ SHIM LEVEL ! Nn Sie М у * t — SPLIT POSTS SERVE AS STUDS a | | SPACED 24°C. TO Č, Fig. 1 shows floor plan of the cabin which can be changed to suit builder. rest on a 6” square beam running down the center of the floor plan. beam also. The 2"x6" floor joists in Figs. 2 and 3 ] 1 c It is advisable to use concrete piers under this The sunburst effect in Fig. 4 is an attractive feature, yet provides a sturdy support for the roof. 98 Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Your Vacation Home Here is a side view of the completed cabin, showing the sunburst roof supports and rear door from the kitchen. vicinity. Portable saw mills can also be found in the timber country. They can be brought to the cabin site to split the logs at a nominal cost. An experienced builder, with adequate help, can construct this cabin and have it ready for occupancy in a few days. Approximately sixty well seasoned pine or cedar logs of 8-foot lengths are required for the construction of the cabin. These logs or posts should be selected for uniform size and straightness, 8" butts being preferred. With the material on location, start with the foundation. If the soil is light or sandy dig down about a foot and partly fill the hole with rocks, erect a shallow box for the upper form and pour in concrete. Make twelve such piers locating one directly under the chimney stool. If large rocks are plentiful and the ground firm, use boulders, well set, in place of concrete piers. Place 6” by 6” sills level on the foundation in such a manner as to leave ` room for the trim-log, as shown in Fig. 2. Rip off one edge of trim-log to allow at least CONSTRUCT A 6 MITER BOX TO SQUARE-CUT HALF-LOGS G - "ONE- ANS CROSS-CUT Eee SAW MOUNT MITER BOX ON SAWHORSE By building the miter box in Fig. 8 square cutting of logs will be simplified. above the floor. Magazine, July, 1935 Shelving, built into the stool, provides pantry space in the kitchen. LOG QUARTER- ROUND CASING PLASTER BOARD PARTITIONS The chimney rests on a stool five feet Lay roofing as shown in Fig. 10. 99

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Single Sheets of Pressed Wood Used As Interior and Exterior Walls BOARD fx 5"FiR Front view of cabin is shown in photo at right. Built on a slope leading to a lake, high suppotts were needed under the porch. The neat appearance of pressed wood paneling, which has double purpose of an exterior and interior wall, can be seen in Fig. 11. Steps of half logs leading to porch are shown in Fig. 14. The plate of screened porch is a foot lower than the cabin plate. a two-inch seat on pier, then spike securely to sill. At intervals of 2’, center to center, notch for butting in half-log studs. Join trim- log corners with a miter cut, as shown in Fig 2. Trim-logs should be large enough to extend above the sill. The joists of 2" by 6" material, spaced 18", center to center, are butted to the sills and rest on a central 6" by 6" beam. Spread rough boards over joists for temporary flooring. To facilitate the square cutting of the half- log ends, construct a 6-foot miter box, as shown in Fig. 8. Cut studs to uniform 8 lengths and place in notches of the trim-log and cap with an exposed plate as shown in Fig. 4. Corner studs should fit edge to edge, as shown in Fig. 3. The porch plate is dropped one foot below this plate line to allow ample room for screening. Cut quarter-round por- tions of door studs before placing in position. The rafters are spaced 18" center to center and extend with an overhang of 18". 'The roof is made of 1" by 12" shiplap, number two stock and should project 18" over the rafters at the end. Trim with 1" by 6", as shown in Fig. 4. 100 — SCREEN w. 2X8 SILL The sunburst effect in the gable ends, as shown in Fig. 4, is obtained by fitting in half- logs flush with inside edges of rafters and plate. This also provides a very substantial roof support. : Lay the roofing parallel to roof boards, as shown in Fig. 19, beginning at the bottom and working up, allowing an overlap of 2" with each successive strip. Care should be taken not to use roofing nails that extend through the shiplap, yet they should be long enough to hold securely. The 1" by 4" fir flooring may now be put down. The reason for not laying the floor before was to eliminate the possibility of wet- ting by rain, but now the roof offers its pro- tection. A saving can be made by using sec- ond grade flooring and selecting edge grain pieces to be used where the heaviest traffic is expected. Flat grain boards should be used where there will be, normally, little wear. The door frame construction is very simple, as shown in Fig. 6, with hinges mortised into the outside frame in the conventional way. Place a temporary elevation strip on the [Continued on page 126] Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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TOY WINDMILL Operates Comic FIGURES Photo above shows unique windmill toy which anyone can make. iagram at ngne n reveals manner of laying out and ones ing parts. As windmill spins, limbs, connected to rocker arm, move in a life-like manner. Lawn Furniture Has Dual Use HIS combination chair and table for the lawn is a novel project which any workshop fan can build. The chair itself is constructed along simple lines and is made of wood of sturdy dimensions to counterbalance the table top when in a vertical position. Working on a hinge, the circular tabletop folds down on the arm rests of the chair and is locked in position. This fixture will seat eight people comfortably for a lawn luncheon. ARM ASSEMBLY 12*X 1/2” 3/6/STOCK e 9,.9 CEA TY MADE. DOUBLE SO MUSICIAN WILL APPEAR SAME ON EITHER SIDE When used as a chair, the top folds back and serves adequately as.a sunshade as well as backrest. This odd lawn chair can be used as a comfortable seat or, by swinging down top, as a table, as seen in upper left. Magazine, July, 1935 NIMATED toy windmills are popular subjects. In the one shown above, the spinning windmill causes the tiny figures to dance and play. Despite its complicated ac- tion, the toy is really easy to make and will provide much amusement. The 16-in. sails are made of cigar box wood, nailed to %-in. arms. The blades spin on a wire axle which passes through the center of the propeller and upright standard. Hooked at one end, the axle is fastened to a 12-in. rocker, which controls the limb. movements of the tiny figures by its up and down action. The wire connectors are cut from telephone wire and must be of the proper length to in- sure smooth action. Movement of the shaker wire causes the upright figure to dance while the banjo-strumming “darkie” taps his foot. When completed, enamel the device with gay colors. Hands, feet and faces of the figures should be painted black, with white eyes and pink lips. Mount on rigid support where breeze will strike it. 101

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Use Your Auto Trailer As A Houseboat Ж “к ak ЭИ EET US Vi. Ed af Pre И WING NUT РОВ — REMOVAL OF AWNING- _. Forward deck of this trailer scow is pleasant place to fish or lounge. uild canvas awning as shown to provide shade. m Е © sever Ons ео PLANK uw FORE LA тА SUPPORTS РОВ SIDE DECKING Cum 87 — | -* 9 а BACK VIEW OF HULL AND DECK H Outside plank edges are beveled as shown above for caulking. Fasten planks with 5” spikes, 3 to each end, drilling holes first to avoid splitting. Run thin paint into seams, then tap in full strand of wick with screwdriver or caulking iron. Fill rest of crack with mixture of 1⁄2 white lead, 1⁄2 putty. If pieces D sag, support with heavy angle irons from underneath. HE advantages and pleasures of house- boat cruising can be enjoyed by the auto camp trailer owner who builds this light- weight scow type hull. Invariably it is the out-of-the-way spots on small lakes and rivers that afford the best fishing. It is for waters like these, reached only by boat, that this trailer-houseboat com- bination is ideal. With a 5 h. p. outboard motor fastened on the stern, the loaded boat will do around 5 miles an hour. When you tire of a certain lake, simply haul the trailer off the boat, and hook it be- hind the auto once more. The hull can be skidded out of the water by truck, jacked up, loaded and hauled to the new location. While the hull dimensions given here are for an average-size trailer 11 feet long and 6 feet wide, it is a simple matter to increase the size of the boat for a larger trailer. Every effort should be made to keep down the 102 Tr 5 Run your camp trailer on to this portable scow, and presto! you have a fine outboard-powered houseboat. Hull timbere A are 2"x10", 18’ long. B, E and H-—1'$"x10" planking, No. 2 com- mon pine, not tongue and groove; F is same size, but oak; J is same size, but T. & G. pine flooring; C—2"x4", INCLINE FLOORING oak. Narrower planks mean more seams to calk. H) SHORT SIDE aN DECKING E) BOW AND X и STERN E DECKING Carefully constructed wheel pit strengthens hull. Pump water out through hatches. Lumber and hard. ware costs about $40. BUMPER , X PIECES "6 —— NA Uwe ngu о, 274 —— —3 — a Side view of hull of scow showing how wheels fit into pit. weight in order to simplify transportation. The secret of this design lies in the well or pit into which the trailer wheels drop, allow- ing the cabin to rest on the deck. Build the hull upside down on a level spot, assembling the timbers with 15" diameter bolts. Smear the edges of all timbers with white lead, and lay in two strands of candle wick or heavy cord before pulling up on the bolts. This gives a strong, water-tight joint. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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NOTHER job has been found for the burned- out radio vacuum tube. socket, connect the plate terminal to the aerial of your radio set, and the grid terminal to the radio ground, The tube may be mounted inside the radio set, but a better way is to set it just inside the During an electrical storm each discharge can be seen. An approved arrester . must be used outside the house to comply with fire underwriter’s requirements.—Marvin I. Nolan. Mount the tube in a window, on the sill. TO AERIAL POST, CONNECT TO SMALL PRONGS - TO GROUND POST Keep Extra Radio Tubes On Workbench Shelf HE problem of keeping extra radio tubes where they are not easily broken, yet instantly available for ex- perimental work, can be solved in a number of different ways. If you have a workbench with a back board, add an extra shelf about two inches wide and 7$" thick, run- ning the full length of the bench. About two inches apart along the outer edge of this shelf, and 34” in from the edge, drill 4,” holes as shown in the sketch. Slip one prong of each radio tube into a hole, selecting that prong which will allow the tube number to show. Double pointed brads pounded into the side of a similar shelf, one atop the other, are used in exactly the same way. Where a shelf is impractical, simply make loops of wire, fasten along the wall, and slip in your tubes.—Oscar. Hanssen. Band Spread Condenser Kink for S. W. a ШЕТ ATHER than adjust the antenna trimmer condenser of a short wave set for band spread each time a plug-in coil is changed, use one trimmer condenser for each coil, with a selector switch to change from one to the other when coils are changed. Each condenser is set for a particular coil once, and wired up to the switch tap for that coil. Mount the condensers as shown. Home-made trimmer condensers will work nicely here once they are adjusted. A fiber tube in the switch shaft eliminates body capacity effects—Myrl O. Lemley. Magazine, July, 1935 4 POINT 0 SWITCH 103

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One-tube TRANSMITTER Thomas A. Blanchard, 19-year- : Uses Bread Pan as Chassis features, is holding his bread GROUND ~ N COIL FORM pan transmitter, smallest radio station in world. Filament switch is at left end of pan, tuning dial at top. Telephone coils were used here in place of audio transformer and microphone transformer; you may have to get a larger pan for standard radio parts. Circuit diagram and coil construction are at right. Wind grid coil first, place layer of paper over end, then wind tickler coil. Use carbon “mike.” old inventor, writer of MM radio i 1 ó .00014' MFD. x. TUNING * CONDENSER CHASSIS OICE and music programs can be broad- cast through your own radio receiver with this midget one-tube transmitter, the world’s smallest radio station. Weighing less than two pounds complete with batteries when ready to go “on the air,” the entire unit fits into a five-cent bread pan measuring less than 2”x4”x7” in size. Two small size flashlight cells connected in parallel supply 1% volts, which is sufficient for filament power. Twenty of the pencil- type flashlight cells connected in series give 30 volts for the plates; some builders will prefer to use 45 volts, however, obtained from a midget B battery, to gain more volume. Line the inside of the bread pan with in- sulating paper or cardboard. Solder threaded brackets into each corner, to which the heavy fiber or wood cover can be fastened. This cover keeps the batteries in position. Mount the parts as close together as pos- sible in one end of the pan, and connect as in- dicated in the circuit diagram. The socket 104 TRANSFORMER Ó А-, В-і pet i$ MICROPHONE onb? сон. US TURNS ОР, Ф 28 ENAMEL WIRE lg” ПАМ, 2 $'LoNc ty TICKLER COIL 15 TURNS OF Ф 30 0.6.0. On, а M MIKE B+ 30` connections for the type '19 tube may be ob- tained from any radio tube manual or chart. "Mount the coil with a small bracket, being sure that it will clear the plates of the midget tuning condenser. | In operating this set, the broadcast receiver is set at a point where no stations are heard, the volume is turned on full, and the trans- mitter dial turned until a squeal is heard. You will have to tune your broadcast set to the lower part of the broadcast band, between 1300 and 1500 kilocycles; if a larger variable condenser is used in the transmitter, how- ever, the entire band may be covered. Once the two sets are tuned, you can operate the transmitter from any room in the house. A good single button carbon microphone, together with a microphone transformer, are required. Radio supply houses sell good hand microphones, suitable for this set, for less than two dollars. This set is not recommended for use as a short wave transmitter. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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Simple Code Practice Set Operates from 110-Volt A. C. Line ‚О! MFD. MICA CONDENSER ; KEY, 2 ' CONNECT SECONDARY TO IO AC. m 47 E PHONES TO ПО AC.^ J^4— BASEBOARD pL —À——————— Head- Code learning is easy with this simple practice set. e code key are connected in series as shown. phones and t Mounting for Fixed Condensers OR experimental work a bank of fixed condensers mounted so any one of a num- ber of different capacities may be obtained by changing the setting of a knife switch, will prove very handy. Mount a long single blade from an old switch on a small baseboard as shown, and mount switch contacts of different heights just under it. As the switch arm is pressed down, more condensers are connected in parallel. The same switching arrangement may be used with resistors, but here the com- bined resistance will always be less than that of any one resistor. SWITCH CONTACTS VARYING IN HEIGHT AS SHOWN Total capacity between the terminals of this bank condenser is the sum of capacities which are switched into the circuit. Magazine, July, 1935 O BATTERIES or radio tubes are re- quired in this simple code practice set, and the current drawn from the house power lines is so small that it will hardly turn the electric meter. From some old battery radio set get a good audio transformer of 3:1 or 5:1 ratio. Test both windings for continuity, to be sure neither is burned out, then ‘connect the pri- mary in series with a fixed mica condenser of about .01 mfd. size and an extension cord of convenient length. Headphones and a code practice key are connected in series across the secondary winding. The parts may be mounted on a small þoard as shown, or built into a neat little cabinet, with a plug jack for the phones. A home-made key will work nicely with this practice set, but it should have the same “feel” as a commercial key to give you the most benefit from code practice. Calculating Condenser Capacities | MAX. CAPACITY IN MMFDS. = 225 X & X (N-1) | "N" = TOTAL NUMBER OF PLATES VARIABLE CONDENSER ) STATOR: B = mm e] ROTOR E STATOR | PLATES Fs Won ede | ue о : } | мы d "А = SHADED AREA IN 50.10. f "5"= AIR “SPACE IN INCHES Variable condenser size formula is given above. Since spacing S and plate thickness are usually same, S may be calculated by measuring distance between outside plates of condenser. HE capacity of a variable condenser de- pends upon the number of stator and rotor plates, the area that they mesh, and the spac- ing between the plates. The formula given here for calculating the maximum capacity in micro-microfarads (1000 mmfd.=1 mfd.—1 microfarad.) of any size variable condenser will be found very handy. Measurements can be made with ordinary ruler. The area A is roughly the area of the rotor plates; it can be computed if they are semi- circular, and estimated if they are shaped for straight line frequency operation. 105

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е7(оір cAcorns что NOVEL GIGURES into the tiny figures seen above. Dr. Rolland R. Jones, Minneapolis dentist, spends his leisure moments converting matched acorns — Only sealing wax and wire strands hold the limbs together. The types of models which can be produced depend entirely upon the ingenuity of the maker. IFE-LIKE figures can be formed from acorns with little more than a sharp knife, some sealing wax and a few short lengths of wire. There is no end to the variety of sub- jects which can be assembled—dogs, boys, dancing girls, co-ed cheer leaders and even a full squad of football players, if you have the necessary patience. Artistic skill helps, of course, but special talent is not necessary. Only carefully selected nuts are used for the head, body and upper parts of the legs when making human characters. Thin wires, passing through the center of each acorn, hold the body members together. Melted sealing wax poured in the joints gives them rigidity. The arms and legs of the acorn men and women are cut from small oak twigs con- taining a tiny crotch which may be fashioned into the heel and toe of the foot. Caps or hats consist of acorn tops while pine cones or an extra large acorn, hollowed inside, provide milady with her modern dress. Eyes, nose and mouth are cut into the head and molded with colored wax. Red wax may be used for the lips, flesh for the nose and blue and white for the eyes. A heated piece of wire is handy for making indentations. The various models can be mounted in at- tractive layouts on discarded strips of lino- leum simply by dipping the feet in hot paraffin and holding in position until the wax has cooled. Approximately two hours are re- quired to assemble an acorn figure. 106 Cistern Pump Is Driven By Motor HERE running water is not available, in the home, the drudgery of pumping by hand can be eliminated by hooking up a У-Н. P. motor to a large wheel which con- trols the rocker arm and pump. The as- sembly consists of a drive wheel, rocker arm and rod, obtainable from an old foot-operated sewing machine. The rod from the driving mechanism replaces the pump handle and the motor is geared down to reduce the fast speed. The complete mechanism is hidden from view by cupboard doors which enclose it. ee) em ee This home-made electrical contrivance for operating the kitchen pump fits under the sink and was built at small cost. Method of transmitting the power is shown at right above. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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NE of the most useful of all power tools for the home workshop, yet perhaps the easiest to make, is the vibrator type electric jig saw. You may use such a saw to cut intricate patterns in wood as thick as %-inch, or as thin as 4l;-inch. The great speed at which the saw travels provides smooth and accurate cuts. With no rotating parts, a jig saw of this type should last indefinitely. SLOT TO FIT r T END OF SAW 32. T 4 = 2 - DRILL FOR , SMALL SCREWS d SPRING STEEL 4" LONG Ж. DETAIL OF TENSION SPRING e Se COUNTER У / L H.R. STEEL | SINK 7, i | tS Є VOKE s'&oLTs || P d Ap. Ns 7 DIAPHRAGM ~~ / OR VIBRATOR oof ff н PLUG BEARING RUBBER PLUG | \ ce. N RUBBER FEET Э” E ASSEMBLY a 9" DRILL FOR 7/12 - MACHINE SCREWS 20 GA. SILICON STEEL PLATES \ MAGNET CORE i i pe DRILL FOR 4 0-47 DIAM. BOLTS x o : TOUGH PAPER WINDING SPOOL зї CARDBOARD 8 Make electro-magnet from sheet silicon steel, or use old radio transformer lamina- tions, Drill and tap core for 1⁄2” long, No. 12 screws. Magazine, July, 1935 ELECTROMAGNET Drives VIBRATING JIG SAW 3*5 MACHINE Mount saw on solid support to pre- vent excessive vibration. Coil speci- fied will draw about 200 watts at 110 volts, 60 cycles. Use rubber feet. | DRILL 3" HOLE 4 = RUBBER PLUG SLOT BOTTOM HALF OF M. P^ P stor BEARING .057 C.R.STEEL VIBRATOR 7 DRILL f HOLE DETAIL OF DIAPHRAGM & BEARINGS Make winding spool as shown, fastening pieces with ambroid cement. Insert wood block temporarily, as stiffener, then wind on 350 turns or No. 18 B&S double cotton covered copper wire. Make small hole near center of end piece to bring out inner lead. Coil slips over center leg of magnet core. SCREWS An electro-magnet attracts and releases a metal diaphragm to which is attached a saw blade. A flat steel spring supports and gives necessary tension to the upper end of the saw blade. With the unit adjusted properly, the stroke will be about 5¢~-inch..- The speed of this saw depends upon the frequency of the A. C. power used, as the magnet is energized and de-energized twice : for each cycle. Thus there will be 120 strokes per second when 60 cycle power is used for the electro-magnet. 107

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DETAIL OF - SPRIT HITCH DETAIL OF SHEET HITCH 35 RAKE CLUB -2'-6" LONG = 11/4" D, SPI s m PC A SEE DETAIDNOF HITCH CLUB- 3-6" 7-2» ^ i LONG. TAPER DIA T FROM 11/2" | To з/д" BUMKIN | ee ане Se. OUTBOARD MOTOR .. я *| #2 #3 FIG.9 - CRUISING RIG — SAIL PLANS & SPRIT-RIG DETAILS Drawing above shows Nomad as a ketch rigged auxiliary cruiser with details of the spars, rigging, sails and sprit hitch. The cabin may be made longer than that shown above. PART II OMAD, the boat that combines four de- signs in one, will appeal to every inland water sailor. Last month in Part I complete constructional details were given for the framework and planking of all four types of Nomad—racing sloop, ketch auxiliary cruiser, outboard cruiser, and rowboat. This month all remaining details will be covered including the hollow mast and flexi- ble boom of the racing sloop, the cruising rig, decking, rudder, folding cabin for the cruiser, sails and the novel bailing bag. Using cheap materials Nomad, as a racing sloop or auxiliary cruiser, can be built for approximately $100. Custom built of the very best materials in a professional boat yard, the cost will probably come to $300. After the planking has been completed and the intermediate frames are in place, the deck beams are put in position as shown in Fig. 15. The beams, 42” by 244”, are cut to a twelve foot radius. At the mast 1” by 212" frames are used. 'The beams are spaced at every main and intermediate frame and are fastened at the clamp in the same manner as the bot- tom intermediate frames are fastened at the chine (see Fig. 3, Part I). 108 Completing by.SAM S. RABL МАН MAS таза Naval Architect TOP TO DECK OMIT JIB IF. " К | Т, Неге is a boat that will puo meet the needs of in- S CABLE land water sailors. Her ^, Z Y © four designs provide a selection that answers all purposes. FORESTAY К” FOR RIG WITHOUT JIBSAIL 5 Ч i H uu T Ed FIT TO MAST— 2! 10" AN, BOWSPRIT IŠ RAD. ИУ ЕТЕМ UNE — |* “SEE FiG.lI X —— 5-2” EIG. — DETAIL OF NoMAD'S BOWSPRIT DRILL FOR la" BOLTS 4" Е!С. lO — DETAIL OF THE QUTBOARD MOTOR MOUNT NOTE:— FIT REINFORCING BRACKET INSIDE OF THE HULL In either the ketch rigged cruiser or outboard cruiser de- signs, do not use a motor over five h.p. If you plan to use a motor as auxiliary power, the outboard motor mount above must be fitted to the transom and the transom rein- forced with brackets. Fig. 11 shows shape of the bowsprit. FE x. LA Ub M CURVE TO TRANSOM BUMKIN - 13" SRRUCE SINGLE STAY- PORT SIDE - : DOUBLE STAYS x STARB'D SIDE OUTBOARD MOTOR MOUNTED OFF- CENTER -BOTH RIGS ARRANGEMENT OF AFT DECK - CRUISING RIG- To give rudder and tiller free play the mizzen mast and outboard motor, if used, are placed off center as shown above. Shape of bumkin and rigging are also given in detail. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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“NOMAD” rons EUN With the deck frames in place the decking can be laid. This can be either 3$" tongue and grooved white cedar, spruce, or cypress or it can be a double layer of 1%” by 3" spruce laid diagonally and fastened as shown in Fig. 19. It is advisable to build the double diagonal deck on a sepa- rate temporary form and fasten it to the boat in one piece trimming the edges and the cockpit after it is fastened. The whole deck is covered with six-ounce canvas laid in marine glue after it is com- pleted. Where coamings are fitted especially in the way of the cruis- ing cabin enough canvas should be allowed around the edges to make a turn up of about 34” for watertightness. Be sure that be- fore the deck is fitted that little wedges are fitted between the planks and bulkhead frames to secure watertightness at these points. Note also how spruce blocks are fitted between the beams wherever.a fitting is placed OF 1/2" OAK HALF- CHOCKS. МАЅТ 15 ele" DIA. A AT THIS Y Pont \ \ AY N JiB sray- / | 2 SEE FIG.I4 A FOR DETAIL FORESTAY—»" / . f OF MAST.‘ BOTH OF 178" / / RACING SAILS STRANDED OF GRADE A E “COTTON FABRIC MAINSTAY B САМ. STRANDED CABLE zt) Е SEE FIG.I3 FOR: + FOR BOOM DETAIL #1 SCALE. IN. FEET — mime " #3 #2 EIG. I2 — RACING RIG AND SAIL PLAN "s Here is Nomad rigged as a racing sloop. Mast and boom are hollow to reduce weight. Note breakwater ahead of cockpit to turn down waves washing over. on the deck or where mast tubes go through Fig. 15. They may be purchased from any the deck. (Fig. 15). airplane supply house. The wall thickness The deck edges are supported by 12" should be as thin as it is possible to obtain diameter steel tubes of the seamless and thin and the ends should be heated to a cherry wall variety as shown in Sections CC & BB, red before flattening. The tubes should be FiG.14 —' DETAIL OF HOLLOW RACING MAST -SHAPE FROM SITKA SPRUCE, HOLLOW OUT Deck LINE ZZ A The racing spars are built as shown above. WRAP TIGHTLY WITH PINKED AIRPLANE CRUTCH DOPE, SAND DOWN AND FINISH WITH SEVERAL COATS OF GOOD VARNISH JOINT-CASEIN GLUED STANDARD BULKHEADS AT. 12“ INTERVALS |„ з i WALL THICKNESS i DIAMETER ae AT ANY GIVE COIN RESIN COATED NAILS OF SPAR й . A ALL JOINTS CASEIN GLUED —®> N SOLID WOOD : : Se | Г4 MOUNT TRACK ON THIS FACE а, =: aps 3h : З в SECTION-A-A = FIG.I3. - DETAIL OF — EJ ELEXIBLE RACING BOOM The mast is stepped in the usual manner. n hollowing out the mast care: fully follow directions in the text. Note that bulkheads are spaced on 9” centers in the flexible racing boom above. Magazine, July, 1935 109

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Nomad’s Bailing Bag Is New Feature; Here Are Decking and Cabin Details

з" TURN CANVAS UNDER MOULDING CANVAS-COVERED TOP. CABIN TOP 3 HALF ROUND : ISS з" а X 3" DECKING HINGED AT \ ESSA =? Lae JH ENR T p f Fi K tut =, i M STRAPS WIF: ^ Р BEAMS " x2 i" > 22 а Gb Z te. “7. BEAMS ON 2 UN 7}. centers = SPACE ON 15” CENTERS . 4

ij T // |BREAKWATERI MAST TUBE ;

A

STAND'D PINTLES

FIG.I7- DETAIL | or RUDDER

CE Mb. LY 5 | 2" SPRUCE BLOCKS У BETWEEN MAST BEAMS.

CI | FROM 1/2“ X 4^| o ALL DECK BEAMS 2 X 24 „АЗН OR PINE-EXCEPT | MAHOGANY |

l MAST BEAMS AS NOTED - Ш 9 4 wx 2} сут BEAMS: TO I2FT.RADUS MAST BEAMS Ñ 3/8" COPPER |3 TACKS CLINCHED T Carefully study these drawings as all details of decking, deck frames, coaming, cabin and flooring are covered thoroughly. The upper half of the deck plan (Fig. 15) is for the cruiser, while the lower half gives details of the racing sloop. plated after flattening to prevent corrosion. Copper, nickel, chromium or stainless steel will be excellent. The flooring is constructed of l5" by 3" spruce slats spaced about a half-inch apart. It should be made in sections readily remova- ble to get to the bottom of the boat. The under side of the flooring in the cruiser should be placed on the tops of the main frames so as to keep the crew out of the bilge water when they sleep. The flooring sections should not be of a length greater than the main frame spacing and it should be sup- ported at each intermediate frame. 110 The coamings are made of 12" material. Almost any kind of stock is suitable, but mahogany should be used if a real snappy job is wanted. In the straight row boat the coaming should not be over one inch high (Section BB, Fig. 15). In the cruiser it is made from a board ten inches wide. The top is allowed to remain straight from station 2 to station 4 and the after end carried down in a graceful taper. The racing boat carries no toaming, but a breakwater of i15" ma- hogany four inches wide is fitted ahead of the cockpit as shown in the lower half of [Continued on page 120] Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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DECORATING WOOD WITH SEALING WAX Above—Appearance ot the wet inked lines after powdering and before excess powder has been blown off, Coarser grains of sealing wax can be sprinkled over a freshly lacquered surface. When dry, heat the wax slight- ly and an unusually at- tractive finish will result. > Above—A ruling pen may be used for making lines and S circles on the wood surface with the special gum ink. Right—Completed design after the wax lines are heated. OLORED sealing wax is а novel material with which to decorate wood projects, such as cigarette boxes and other small novelties. By using the following method the wax will stand out in relief. First, shellac or varnish the surface of the object to be decorated. After selecting the colors of wax you wish to use, grind up each stick separately in a mortar. Sift through a sieve into fine, medium and. coarse grain powder. The fine is used for minute lines while the coarse is employed for high relief. Outline the design on the wood surface with ink, made by dissolving gum arabic in water stained with common water color. Before the ink begins to dry, sprinkle with ground wax powder, blowing off the surplus. The powder will be retained only on the inked lines. However, each color must be inked and powdered separately. The sealing wax is "fixed" by holding an inverted electric hot plate over the design. Remove the! heat when wax begins to melt. The fuzzy, powdered lines will become glossy and stand out from the wood. Magazine, July, 1935 Below—The first step is pul- verizing sealing wax sticks in mortar and passing powder through a sieve to separate the fine from the coarse grains. Wooden Tongs Aid Darkroom Work ANDY tongs for holding photo prints as they pass through the solutions can easily be made by gluing two %-in. strips of wood in spaced grooves in a l-in. disc. The wooden nippers are sufficiently elastic so that slight pressure of the fingers will grasp the print firmly without harming the emulsion. The danger of staining photo prints while passing through chemicals is eliminated with this set of wooden tongs. 111

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Linoleum Rug, Made from Odds and Ends, Costs Only $2 COATINGS IF NECESSARY

iode oF VARNISH ODDS AND ENDS OF OLD PAINT f

LAY NEWSPAPERS 7» ON FLOOR FIRST ~< A PUT ON WITH М STENCILS

Sketches reveal manner of making linoleum rug. Burlap is sewed together, coated with glue and several coats of paint, then stenciled and varnished. Circle shows materials needed. OU can make an attractive, wear-resist- ing linoleum rug for your home with a few old gunny-sacks, a pound of flake glue, a dime’s worth of alum, some colored paint and a quart of varnish. Best of all, the actual cost of materials will not exceed two dollars. The rug can be assembled in the same room in which it will be used. First, spread the floor surface with old newspapers. Then cover the area with single thicknesses of bur- lap, overlapping the pieces an inch or two and seaming lightly with darning needle and twine. The burlap may be cut to fit irregu- larities in the room. Edges are tacked after all wrinkles in the cloth are smoothed. Add boiling water to melt a pound of cabinet makers’ glue which has been soaked over- night. Dissolve two ounces of chrome alum = У S | SACKS ARE PIECED TOGETHER WITH 1'OVERLAP DOTTED LINES { SHOW STITCHES WHICH NEED BE ONLY CLOSE ENOUGH TO HOLD SACKS TOGETHER DESIGNS Шү in a little hot water and stir into the creamy glue. This should give you about a gallon. Apply the first coat hot and thin. When dry, give a second coat to fill up the pores. Next, apply three coats of any old paint to the base, allowing each to dry thoroughly. Select a desirable background color and cover the rug with a good grade floor paint. Borders and scroll work or the central design may be stencilled in a single evening. The nature of the design will depend on your ingenuity. When the trimming has dried, varnish the entire surface. You will have an inexpensive linoleum rug which will provide many years of service. Serve Your Guests from This Combination Cheese and Cracker Tray

p d Build this dimensions. 112 attractive tray following squared diagram for Finished article is seen in photo shown above. HIS lathe-turned cheese and cracker tray will make an attractive article for your table. The cheese nests in a glass bowl inside of the center compartment while the crackers are placed along the outside edge of the tray. The container also has many other uses. The 9-in. tray is turned first and the smaller bowl is mounted in the center, sup- ported by four saw-edged uprights of ply- wood. Sand, stain and finish with French polish, varnish, wax or any other finish. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

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How-To Install New PISTON RINGS Below: Ring is held in small vise having copper or leaden jaw clips, and metal removed from edges with thin flat file until correct ring gap clearance is ob- tained when the ends of ring are aligned. Scrape out carbon deposits from bottom of each piston groove, then fit each ring to its groove by rolling around as shown at left. Mark ring and groove similarly, There should be no up and down motion of ring in groove. Rings are dressed down on fine emery cloth laid over plate glass or planed hardwood surface. F THE oil consumption of your automobile is all out of proportion to the number of miles you drive, and the engine has poor com- pression, worn or faulty piston rings are un- doubtedly the trouble-makers. In any car, rings will wear down gradually to the point where it is economical to replace them after about 25,000 miles of driving. This work is’ not at.all hard, and can be done by anyone who it able to take an engine apart and put it tegether again. Old rings are removed with skids made by grinding the teeth off old hacksaw blades. One end of the ring is pried out of the piston groove, and three of these skids slipped under, and then pushed around to positions 120 de- grees apart. The ring will now slide off easily. Piston rings should always be ordered .005 inches larger than the rings which previously were used. If .015 oversize rings were in- stalled at the last overhaul, order .020 oversize rings this time. The rings must first be fitted to the grooves Magazine, July, 1935 blade skids, replaced with skids in same manner, bottom ring first. Above: (Using adjustable type piston ring compressor to put piston back. Rings are slipped off pistons with hacksaw in order to check for proper clearance at all points. Fit each ring for a particular groove, dressing down on emery cloth laid over a sur- face plate or piece of plate glass until the ring will roll free all around the piston. The next step is to fit the rings to their respective cylinders. Place each in turn in the cylinder block, and try to insert the thin- est blade of a feeler gauge between the ends : of the ring. If this cannot be done when the ends are aligned, dress off enough with a fine file to give a clearance between the ends of from .012 to .015 inches for the top ring, .006 to .008 inches for the middle ring, and .004 to .005 inches for the lower ring. With the rings fitted to the pistons and the cylinders, you are ready to install the piston assembly. A piston ring compressor, which can be made from a piece of strap iron, is used to compress each ring in turn as the piston is pushed down into the cylinder. The strap iron is bent to fit almost around the piston, and the ends bent out to form handles. . 113

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.No glue or nails were used by Harvey Orser, of Drayton Plains, Mich., in building the above six-piece bedroom set; every one of 1,450 pieces are neatly notched together.* о кі)оэ? | STUN RD | Gathering natural alphabets from twigs is the unusual hobby of Lear Mundy, Durham, N. H. Above collection was gathered in trips as far west as Illinois, and includes cherry, apple, poison ivy, bittersweet, as well as the more common woods. Blueberry bushes furnish the best S, white pine the X. Hardest to find is the R, with B almost as scarce.* A scene at the Washington, D. C., post office, to which stamp collectors flocked on March 15 to purchase U. S. stamps without gum or perfora- tions, issued by Postmaster Farley to make less valuable similar sheets he had previously dis- tributed to friends. In that one day philatelists spent $529,838.95 for 20 varieties of stamps. RAAUN RADUM ROAM RAUM REAM ROAUM RAUUM REAUM RUM: In following her hobby of collecting tiny art Collecting different ways in which people spell pieces, Mrs. Edwin >з his name is the bizarre hobby of Raymond Ford (circle), wife of ieee Raaum, of Fargo, N. Dak. For proof he has Professor Ford, of the 2 envelopes showing the errors, Above аге just University of Minne- a few of the many versions of his name.* sota, spent six cents in London for a faded 4"x6" painting. Now American art institutes ене: followed by an asterisk are winners of the pronounce the miniature an authentic Sir William Beechey portrait three $5.00 cash prizes awarded by the Hobby Editor painted in 1823, worth several thousand dollars. The painting is this month for descriptions of unusual hobbies. pictured above. Many other hobbies often pay just as big profits. 114

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[| CHRYSLER j Yl li ave tried the Vacu-mati in Y 0 h and it sure is fne Ba Vacu tilled b b i в NC pick-up with a 3097 they wuatics ang 2 Ur, b I OC gas sav- y Ve, С, 5 то ing.— John C. Martin, Pa. lent, Ont excel. cp СЕС MILES MORE V8 Fon ту own та оё Jo, PER GALLON PLYMOUT Mif лен Hout you " A ~SVUTH mance; u Perfor. to th &et 5, Ue, M 0 V. ат amazed at Berean In Pickup, fore "e ва Mile OTORIST SAVES Jl formance ae per- faving, апо каз Е wage Be оо Y ing me 5 more EL" utnere, Mitt etes 10е ist i 180 a EAR per Ballon Waker ich, ал; &, Coi j inski, Ij]. . { С ААЛ NN FRANK? CHEV, | ) ; IN SA LZEVROLE] } With Vacum VES $180 A YEAR Please send mee tic On my Plymouth 6 I obtai S f ined cu-m piana of 22 ples per tal 21 А. The fora Мо i . an increase of 7 miles, m аре Ballon, 178 fS per This means a saving of $15 let M Che Save over p I amonth or $1804 year. f Year in pi 5.00 a F S. Peck, Calif, 12. Iu i ger 30 piles pe; О. Ord. Every тайы ПЁ the goz miles 7. Caril, Texas," Const James erence d . Р . Bars NASH - Qn my Advanced б Juse „Вора o Nash gaine 195 "n pleteq E L Saves up to Thirty Per Cent On Gas. in milage. The car Bdge allons in mo les Lam R. мов Provides Faster Pick-Up---More Power--- miles g dawn m miles while s Bgures 25 тарта, eased e ; f a a n Й Greater Mileage and Smoother Running. then take ps with- ЭЕ оп miles per gal, 50 give 18 tese рш Olds. out a complaint, — +. PS. — AI . efe mil Ved j GET FREE INFORMATION J. Showalter, Mo, 24h Fruzyna, ^ qood tre cons Рег gal tams, Ny Atth Cd 13 Above ares B2 TW, letters re, 2 968 few we $ received from V the many unsol; 8-а = S cu-matic ie cited : Я arburetor Control j 9 2 е, 9 «d that BREATHES 4 AT LAST! Automotive engineers have smashed down the barriers Guaranteed Gas Savings to perfected combustion! The new VACU-MATIC solves the secret The VACU-MATIC proves itself on every car. It is guaranxceu of greater power! With almost magical action, this amazing inven- to give worth-while gas savings, quicker pick-up, and more power tion instantly puts new life and pep in any motor, It adds mileage. to or it costs you nothing. “Оп a test I gained an average of 4 miles every gallon of gasoline , . . produces split-second pick-up, sensitive on a gallon,” writes Alex Wertz. “Vacu-matic is the best I have accelerator response, greater speed: and smoother running ever tried." Clarence Rutzin—"I have tried the Vacu-matic on ==: — E - several tests and find that I get between 5 and 6 miles per gallon New- Automatic- Nothing Like It! increase, have more mileage, have greater pickup.” The self-starter—four wheel brakes—knee action—streamlining . . . ‘tail and now VACU-MATIC! The greatest motor improvement of recent Free Det s years! With it, engineers have achieved a practical means of Learn about this remarkable device that so greatly affects the balancing air and gasoline automatically for all speeds. entire performance of your motor. Learn why your car is costing Vacu-matic is entirely. different! It is AUTOMATIC and allows you extra money to operate without WACU-MATIC, See why the motor to "breathe" at the correct time, opening and closing your VACU-MATIC equipped car will leap away [rom traffic automatically as required. No idling troubles—no carburetor adjust- without sputter or hesitation. Discover a new driving thrill and ments necessary. Just put it on and forget it! Sharply cuts fuel enjoy the savings. Get the facts! Write today! wastes, saves dollars in gas costs, reduces carbon and gives your engine new pep, greater power and longer life. =æ = = = FREE OFFER COUPON = ~ ~ = Fits All Cars | THE VACU-MATIC COMPANY § 7617-100 W. State St., Wauwatosa, Wis. Gentlemen: Please send me full particulars concerning theVacu-matie and details of your Free Offer. This of course does not obligute me in any way. Agents and VACU-MATIC is constructed of six parts, Salesmen assembled and welded into one unit, correctly If yau are inler- adjusted and sealed at the factory. Nothing ested In earning to regulate, Any motorist can attach VACU- unusual profits, MATIC in ten minutes. Once in, its only нес сопров reminder is the surge of instant power and tories ure now speed it gives to the motor and the savings being granted. it affords your pocketbook. _The VACU- MATIC Co., Wauwatosa, Wis. [] Check here if Interested In selling preposltlon, А. = =e чь че чь чо чш o чә чь ча w o o Thank You for Mentioning Moderm Mechanix and Inventions Magasine for July When Writing to Advertisers 115

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Russian Anti-War Stamps Vividly Show Horrors of Battle On 20th Anniversary of start of the World War, Soviet Russia issued this “Anti-War” series of five stamps. They show: 5k—Black clouds of War approaching; 10k——Horror stricken fugitives fleeing from a burning village; 15k— Transformation of soldiers into cripples and invalids; 20k—The Sword as a plow, tearing up cities; 35k——Comrades meeting under fire. ADLETS FOR HOBBYISTS _ STAMPS YOU'VE tried the rest—now get the best! ‘Challenge Col- lection” including Cape Good Hope, triangle, only existing octagonal stamp. etc., 10c with approvals. Free Airmail Col- lection and additional premiums to regular customers. Com- parison proves conclusively the superiority of ‘Bargain Stamp Service," 1332 South Hope, Los Angeles, California. BRITISH TURKISLANDS—Also Congo’s—Monteca Nigercoast—U ganda—Djibouti—Ecuadorian — Ivorycoast— Ubangi—Countries collectors need. Free fot 5c postage. EM- PIRESTAMPSHOP, Dept. M.M., TORONTO, CANADA. FREE, for promptness in ordering complete plans for mak- ing stamp album for twenty-five cents, tips for collecting, cleaning and real stamps used to demonstrate mounting. Tavert Stamp Company, Department A, Milford, Kansas. 1897 NEWFOUNDLAND Commemorative-superb mint Cabot Commemorative cataloging 25c. Brunei, Turks Caicos Islands, $5 U. S., genuine Baden and imperforate “Park’’—Everything only 5c to approval applicants! Viking Stamp Co. One Hanson Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. CHOOSE Your premiums! Jungle stamps! Animal! Bird! Airmail! Triangle and map stamps! Pick any ten from our big approval selections. Inclose 5c postage. Stamp Importers, Akron, Ohio. TREE. Ascension, Grenada Pictorials, Commemoratives, also other scarce islands. Provided you desire approvals. Commemorative $165, Buying MARYLAND, Kentucky, ‘Texas, $1.50 ea. White cent and selling Catalogue, 10c. Vt cents. 10c. Norman Shultz, Salt Lake, Utah. M 103 Different, Guinea. Congo, Hyderabad, etc., 3c to ap- proval applicants. Extra—Airmail Set free with above. Hunziker. Box 225-F, Minneapolis, Minn. STAMPS! 100 diff. 3c; 500 diff. 35c; 1,000 diff. 90c! llhistrated Album (4000 spaces) 22c. Approvals sent. ‘Tatham Stamp Co. (D9) Springfield, Mass. Е АТКМАІІ,5—Вга711, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, Mexico, all for 10c with double premium penny approvals, Progress Stamp Service, B98, Franklin Park, 111. SEND Quarter for different, generous variety of stamps and receive FREE, Beginner's Album. You'll be delighted. Jr.-O-L.T. Electric Bldg. Omaha. — — APPROVAT, Customers! 70 variety packet, including National Exhibition Set. French colonials, 10c. Danelius, 73% Esther, Worcester, Mass. PACKAGE of 2000 foreign mixed stamps with a package of 2000 stamp hinges by mail, $3.00. Levi Bryant, 654 East 44th $t., Chicago, IN. х WHOLESALE REVIEW —For Dealers, Traders, Store- keepers. New Enlarged Edition. Free Empire Stampco., Dept. 6, Toronto, Canada, ; GIGANTIC Collection containing stamps from fifty different countries only 10c with approvals. Walker, 471 Witmer, Los Angeles, California. m = 110 Different Stamps from Kouangtcheou, Inini, Latakia, etc. Only Зс to approval Buyers. M. Badger Stampco, Mil- waukee, Wisconsin. : _ SENSATION: Airmails from 10 countries; U. S., South America; Pictorials 10c. A. Steele, Springdale, Pa. — MN STAMPS Sent on approval 50% discount. Fred Herz- berg, 197 Grantley Ave.. Elmhurst, Illinois. u FREE!!! Russia Ethnographic Set. Postage 3c. Roberts, 901T Fourth. Baycity, Michigan. COINS $2000.00 FOR ic. We pay the World's Highest Prices for old coins, encased postage stamps and paper money, Large Cents up to $2000.00 each, Half cents $250.00, 1909 Cent $10.00, Indian head cents $50.00, half dimes $150.00, 25с before 1873 $300.00, 50c before 1879 $750.00, silver dollars before 1874 $2500.00, gold dollars $1000.00, trade dollars $250.00, 1822 $5 gold $5000.00, old paper money $26.00, encased postage stamps $12.00, certain foreign coin $150.00, etc., send dime for large illustrated list. Romanocoinshop, Dept. 420, Springfield. Mass. MUN $5.00 TO $500.00 EACH paid for Old Coins. Keep all old money. Get posted, Send 10 cents for Illustrated Coin Value Book, 4x6. Guaranteed Buying and Selling Prices, Coin Exchange. Box 17. Le Roy, N. Y. ВИСАТ ЕЕ FREE: Foreign Coin, Banknote and Large Illustrated coin catalogue, for 4с postage. Approvals sent. Tatham Coinco, Springfield-9, Mass. OLD MONEY Wanted. cld coins. Buying catalog 10c. Muskogee. Okla. mos HIGHEST Prices paid for Indian Пеаа Pennies. Send dime for list of those wanted. Coin Shoppe, Box 407-M M, Ottawa. IIl. а SAVE COINS! Foreign coin and catalogue, one dime. Carolina Co'nco, Box 503, Charleston, S. C. $5.00 to $2,500.00 each paid for Robert Cohen, Вох 483, 116 Thank You for Mentioning Modera Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for Juin When Writing to Advertisers

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Crystal Radio Detector 2 bc COMPLETE WITH CRYSTAL RECEPTION POSITIVELY GUARANTEED This Detector is a complete radio in itself, as it is possible to get reception with it alone, provided you are within 25 miles of a broadcasting station (or up to 100 miles under very favorable conditions). All teries you need is an aerial and an ear phone and you are all set. No It is completely assembled and wired, all ready for use. 16 Noise has two posts, making connection much easier, also making No dis- it possible to make changes quickly. Everything complete, tortion including the stand, crystal cup, arm with catwhisker and Р Е necessary screws, a ultra sensitive crystal of ae paet ai d grade, two terminals for wire connections mounted on hand- ls Rote etl some'base—EVERYTHING COMPLETE FOR ONLY | T : BOOK ON RADIOS 10c 25 CENTS POSTPAID. Send coin or stamps, Every set ss Qe and we will gend you 2 book tested and reception positively guaranteed. qid Pus repere JOHNSON SMITH & CO., Dept. 651, "оме [ELE BOYS! THROW YOUR VOIGE LEARN JIU-JITSU Into atrunk, under the bed or The Art of Self Defence anywhere. Lots of fun fooling FEAR NO MAN. Learn to protect yourself teacher, policeman or friends. under any circumstances without weapons. Jiu THE VENTRILO Fa, Jitsu has been proved to be the BEST Ms po Science of defence ever invented. a little instrument, fits in the i . With e aid of this book F3 youcanlearn in the privacy mouth out of si ht, used with | above for Bird Calls gig Anyone ean use it. of your own home. Com- Never fails. A 64-page Book plete eourse of lessons in triloquism and the Ventrilo. PALL FOR 100 1 POSTPAID. PRIORITY IE POST THE ART OF DANCING PAID. ddr Learn the Carlo, Continental, Rhumba, Kiss Dance, Etc. JAPANESE ROSE BUSHES LEARN TO DANCE THE LAT- The WONDER of the WORLD EST STEPS. Ве popular this Will Bloom Six Weeks After Plantin pencon, Really, good dancers Tne Perpetual Rose Bushes bloom all the year around. Ё ast al WAYS admire —alw Ау, роро ar think of it. Six weeks alter planting the seed the plants guests, artners welcome them|will be in bloom. It may not seem possible, but we eagerly. With the aid of this book positively guarantee it to be so. you can learn the newest, smartest They will bloom every ten weeks, steps without a teacher and be- Winter or Summer, and when three | come a dancer who is sought after. years old the bush will be a mass of After following the instructions in roses, bearing from five hundred to a this aew book you w оп + need thousand roses on each bush. The o make excuses when e flowers are in three shades—white © dance music starts. Besides pink and crimson. The plants will n you'll get lots more fun ош of do well both in and out of doors. Send p les and dances. you want to for a packet and have roses all the ecome a perfect dancer, learn to dance at home this new, easy way. year round. We guarantee at least three bushes to grow from each packet WHAT THE BOOK TELLS: How to e seed. PRICE ONLY: 10 CENTS develop poise and control, how to im- Packet, three packets for 25 CENTS prove your dance steps, the art of holding, POSTPAID how to walk to music, how to lead, with 15 Mustrations for mak- how to do the latest Fox Trot Steps, Boy Electrician 7; teries, — Dynam Motors, Telegraph apparatus "Tele; bone" Ligh his, Natural and Reverse Turns, the} e —— P Beils, Alarms, Coils, “Wireless” Current Reverser, Reverse Wave and Change of Di-|Electrie Engine, Radio, etc. Price 10c Postpaid. rection Steps, the Quickstep, sway- ing до music, how to waltz, Back- BLANK CARTRIDGE PISTOL ward rankes: how to. do the Соп- tinental, the famous Kiss dance, the Manhattan Dance, the College pert Rhumba, the Carlo, the Veyo, etc., etc. Nearly 100 illustrations are] Threenew riodelenow given, andeverythingismadesoplain Siod: “Well ‘ned and that you'll be dancing before you know it. PRICE 25c POSTPAID. urglar. Takea Cal. Cartridges obtainable everywhere. gp | Great protection against burglars, trom doga. Нато it lying eround without Tihe | ; 4 ttached io ath 1: Fine f * 4th of | ТУ Dept: 657 RACINE, WIS, | шү pgs moths are pota e n ef Ту, i сле t4 CENTS Postpaid r NEW CATALOG malled on recelpt Oo., or the Do А920 01 with МЕМ binding 25c- Bigger and batt n SMALL 512 in: 19122 MEDI UM SIZE er. Only f 5 in, lona i ТЕ $ in. tong $1.00. Боом ог Ме Кта 1и. e r e равов ога от, попа CARTRIDGES 50s Sir ола BOR free stamps, unusual and interesting booke, curlositiee In seed, STER (Cowboy type) 50c. Shipped by Ex- otc., unpracurable elsewhere. Remit by Colin, Money Order, Check or press only not prepaid. Big novelty Salad 10c. б li КЫЙ onc. stampe, Postal Notes and British P. бе Orders accepted. JOHNSON SMITH & CO., Dept. 651, Racine, Wis. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 117

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Choosing "Sure Shot" Casting Lures [Continued from page 70] Here is another good plug for the tackle box. Known as the Wig-Wag it performs all sorts of tricks to attract fish. A jointed plug, it swims a little below the surface. It comes Of course you want to 1mprove in bass and muskellunge size and in three different finishes. your shooting! This NEW free booklet will help you! Should be in the hands of every small bore rifleman. In- teresting! Instructive! Gives actual experiences with Super-X Long Range .22’s on gamé, Tells all about Supe: Match, the new Western Smoke- less .22 L. R. target cartridge. Mail coupon now! the most effective of any that you can possibly offer the bass. Lures that are plunked or popped on the surface can be used effectively when the water is roiled and the fish cannot see the lure, but can be led to it by the sound. A sub-species of the wobbling plug that must, however, be considered in this class, is the so-called hinged, “broken,” or jointed plug. Plugs in this variety are to be had in two and three sections. When reeled through the water, these jointed minnows have a weaving side to side motion that is extremely lifelike, so much so that it well becomes one of the most deadly of plug performers. When at rest these jointed plugs invariably float on Western Cartridge Company, ' : | E E Y, i the surface, and may, by twitches of the rod 1 Dept.G-ro5,East Alton, Illinois, l : 4 У, ; 1 Mail me a copy of your NEW booklet on small bore rifle 1 tip, be made to wag the tail. i shooting, ERER, Ао leaflets describing the advantages y Jointed lures not only have proved their о! / ester] ition. + „ a H | eee ee L effectiveness in bass fishing, but in muskel- чн aix кй лели b а жас а RC ROC UTR UTR CR AEN RUE Ca oe 1 lunge fishing as well. dove ca MM ND н ee н ! There are certain bass plugs that operate Linea ee Soe pese almost strictly on the surface. That is to say, they do not dip and dive and go under water when reeled as the wobbler plugs do. REPEATING SLINGSHOT AMAZING NEW repeating slingshot, Shoots 150 B.B. shot. Loads from handle. Just the thing for hunters and trappers, young and old. Shoots through ordinary 100 page magazine. More powerful than an air rifle. Send 250 in coin or money order (No Stamps) for one of these REPEATERS. THE SLINGO CORP. Dept. MM-5 Toledo, Ohio ESKANOE Handling Floating Plugs In the class of strictly top-water lures the so-called “wounded,” “injured” or “crippled” minnow must be given very careful con- sideration as a lure that is packed with dyna- mite. To aid it in boiling up the water this type of plug or “minnow” is provided with a NM Na comets ЕВЕЕ PADDLE, D " with simple plan for self-assem- B bling. No experience needed, safest boat for children, F^ = Sond 10c — =A Postage for catalog illustrating 16 models & new self-assembling plan. KAYAK BOAT CO., 147 East 84th Street, N. Y. C. OF FINEST _ TOILET SOAPS Seven cakes of finest toilet soapa in hand- B only 25с. "Thekindof Soap used propeller spinner fore and aft. These revolve nicely, stirring up the water to simulate the antics of a disabled minnow. To carry out this deception further, the lure actually lies on its side. Cast it up in a pocket or indenta- tion in the lily pads and let it lie there a minute or so, just stirring it to life by twitches of the rod-tip. Looks interesting, doesn’t it? Give it a jerk after a moment, which will stir up the water. Now reel it a foot or two and again allow it to rest silently on the water. If a bass is around, look out, for he is likely to hit and hit it hard. Another type of strictly surface plug that boils up the water, thus imitating the actions of a drowning creature of either aquatic or in every home every day, Selling valne marked on box $1.00. Yousell foronly 25c. Housewives buy on sight. Up ro 100 & profit for you, Write M for money-making detalis and facts about other sensational Victor earth origin, is the so-called revolving head ieee ешеш [Continued on page 123] 118 Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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When I CACKLE, it means а fresh egg. EVEREADY FLASHLIGHT BATTERIES are so FRESH, we'd like to cackle too! |. tOOK FOR THE "DATE-LINE" Batteries aré apt to "go dead” on dealers’ shelves, Only FRESH bat- teries give long, dependable serv- ice. The "Date-Line on'allEveready Batteries: guarantees: they're. ab- solutely fresh... National Carbon Company, inc., New York, N. Y. AMAZING FISHING ROD OFFER! m Mail Coupon at Once for Parts-Kit! Supply Limited! BUILD THIS. DURABLE FISHING ROD WITH THESE PARTS .. Only $1.50 Pre: | | Kit Consists of: ЕЕЕ wt VOID DELAY! ACCEPT THIS AMAZING OFFER! 1. Solid 7. Reel Lock &ЕРИАШ 65) as nce: UPON NG 220 Ж Minois St., Chicago, 111. Make populur style one-piece solid steel Sieel Rod 8 Drop Enclosed find Money Order for $1.50 (31,75 West or Denver) for Gep-Kit, fishing rod for only $1.50. Kit contains 2. Top Tip e Handle. as shown. [] 4 1-2 ft. (15 ft. 1] 5 1-2 ft. Check length wanted. everything you need. Easy to do with f > Guide ` Grip Name ——— ~ instruction furnished. T advantage of = "rernm 10. Hand this introductory offer. Satlsfaction guar- * Wire n. SUP Addres пиеса. Mail coupon at once! 6. Solder Plate D = Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 119

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. desire to contact Milwaukee Manufacturers 217°, "шш ы . work and learn Electrfo Aro Welding in their laboratorles at the School of Engl- neering, Small training Fee. Accepted applicants will be fully trained untll ready to pasa rigid test and assisted in securing employment. . presents one of the outstanding op- Are Welding portunities for steady income and future success, Welding is growing rapidly, replacing large and intricate castings, rivets, nuts, bolts, screws. It is commonly used in assembling cranes, hoists, bridges, structural steel work, etc, No limit to the application of welding to industry, increasing durability and reducing manufacturing cost, "There is a decided shortage of properly trained welders. Why be content with ordinary work, hit or miss Jobs and low pay nes short time you can become a trained Spectalist in e ng "aae. MIL WAU K E E ens бснау. of ENGINEERING ? Snsiitute of Elecirotechnics Without obligation send Free Booklet “The Dawn of a Gigantle Industry and its Qutstunding Opportunitles.”” ii AUTO TRAILERS, FURNITURE, BOATS, RADIOS, MODELS The New 1935 ! HOW TO BUILD IT Tells You How 149 Diff t Com- plete Shop Plans For Only 50c Ш your dealer is sold out send SOc to MODERN MECHANIX PUBLISHING CO. 599 5, Seventh St., Minneapolis, Minn, Completing “Nomad” [Continued from page 110] Fig. 15. This breakwater is slanted forward to turn down any wave that may run along the deck. The breakwater is fastened to the deck by No. 8 screws toed into the beams. The forward edge of the stem and the edges of the guards (Section DD, Fig. 15.) should be protected with half oval strips one-half inch wide. These may be of brass or gal- vanized iron. Fittings for Folding Cabin The sides of the folding cabin for the cruis- erette are made to fit the curve of the coam- ing and the beams are the same as for the deck. As the cabin top must be walked on to get forward, the covering must be of the same thickness as the deck and in fact is a counterpart of it. (See Fig. 16). Along the forward end it is hinged to the coaming and the sides are made watertight by a strip of brass covering the longitudinal joint. Triangular curtains are made to fit inside the cabin of such dimensions that sitting headroom will be provided at the after end when the cabin top is raised. Bailing Bag Is Novel Featute One of the innovations of Nomad's racing design is the bailing bag in the cockpit. It is made of canvas as shown in Fig, 18 and fastened under the 34" half round moulding of the cockpit as shown in the Section CC detail drawing of Fig. 15. If the waves wash over the deck during a race, all that is neces- sary is to reach down and pull the whole bailing bag out of the cockpit and spill all the accumulated water out. Should the boat capsize, the watertight bulkheads will keep her afloat while the crew haul down the sails. Then pull her up on her feet, and pull up the bailing bag to empty her. The rudder (Fig. 17) is constructed from %” oak or ash with a heading of the same material, all joined together with copper rivets. The pintles and gudgeons are of gal- vanized iron. The racing mast (Fig. 14) is made hollow to reduce weight aloft. It should be made from Sitka spruce which can be purchased from airplane supply houses. The mast is made in two pieces and each half hollowed separately. The wall thickness should be no less than one-sixth the diameter of the mast at any given point. Bulkheads should be left in the spar at one foot intervals and the por- tion below the deck and a point ten inches above it should be left solid. Where the spar becomes less than one and a half inches in diameter it should be left solid. The spar halves are glued together with casein or cold water glue, allowed to set, and [Continued on page 128] 120 Thonk You for Mentioning Moderm Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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PROBAK\ HERE'S THE TOP JUNIOR = ge in Shaving Value BLADES || : 2 (0 Unusual shaving results plus а record-break- I ing low price have won nation-wide popularity for Probak jr. the sensational new double- edge razor blade. Made for quick, easy work on tough beards, this blade is ground, honed and stropped automatically. Its f тм. REG US PAL OFF J amazingly keen edges glide through MADE IN U.S.A. > OTHER PATENTS PENDING S ; stubborn bristles with surprising | TUE EE n SUAM Y | ease. Try Probak Jr. and see. $my95 METAL CUTTING LATHE = A PRECISION TOOL MOST AMAZING LATHE BARGAIN EVER OFFERED { ü You won't make a mistake hy choosing Aviation for a career. The T Тапсоїп School— Government Approved—offers you і ja the background of 25 years as a mechanics trade school E) and 15 years teaching aviation. You get practical training, with ample. modern equipment, by long-experienced flight and ground instructors of highest rank. Come to the World's Best Known Flying School. Num- bered among our many graduates ate men who have made the most outstanding contributions to the aviation industry. Let 25 Inches Overall the name "Lincoln" carry you to fame in this great new field Weight 25 pounds—20 Inch bed—Same lathe furnished with 26-in. bed, $1.00 extra. of opportunity. " . M inch between centers Binh swing 8 Inch bronze bearing Hollow prindles i You get complete practical training dn all the flight courses includ- PEALE мео Могае тараг оса n о тен OU Сошо пос qur Tor ing Transport, Also night and blind flylng by instrument. Ground П ways л f ! ала abed or аа tp] g inch face plato Twa No, O Moree Става to 60 дертеня and flying school under Gov't. Supervision. Get the facts from avia- stop V p ulley—Toolpast. Bed is made of ono solid Hece of cast iron—Mille:! ways, tlon’s oldest and best known school. Learn how Lincoln trains you for Send only $2.00 with order, Balance exprese C.O.D, 3 inch—4 jaw Chuck—with success, Part time work offered for board and room. Write today. BALKO ELECTRIC MOTOR & SUPPLY С0.,125. clinton SL,Chltapo | LINCOLN AIRPLANE & FLYING SCHOOL 409 D, Aircraft Bldg., Lincoln, Nebraska buahing—To fit lathe $3.50. Raise Giant Frogs A New, Uncrowded Industry : MAKE BIG MONEY teisins giant frogs. Breeder lays 10,000 eggs each year. Bullfrogs sell$1 to $5 per dozen. Biggest money-maker you can raise. START BACKYARD I—ANY CLIMATE I Small ponds start you. Any climate suitable. No experience necessary. No equipment ex- cept fence. NUFOND GIANTS FREE a Weigh up to 3 Lbs. Large Market Waiting! Canned Frog Legs opens up a New, Giant Market. De- mand exceeds supply. Get the facts on this new in- dustry. Our big FREE illustrated book “А Fortune in Frogs" explains everything. Write today. AMERICAN FROG CANNING CO. (World's Largest Frog Market) Dept. 119-M New Orleans, La. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 121

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Send for ALLIED'S new 1935 Spring and Summer Catalog. Over 100 value-paeked pages, featuring kits and parts for buildi every type of Radio Receiver or mitter. Also new 5 Meter Amateur lest equipment, Sound Systems—every- thing in Radio at lowest prices, Write fer our valuable FREE BOOK. LIED { RADIO ALLIED RADIO CORPORATION 833 W. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, IIl., Dept. B. Send me your FREE 1935 Spring & Summer Catalog. Е Address Emm NEN ший NEN кин шп HERR гн кш киш DU шн Шш пн GEN SG тыш ин пн кар шаш суун Regardless of strength or size defend yourself and friends agalnst-any foul attack, from bulles or by gun, knife o club, Subdue with ease persons much stronger than yourself, A complete course on approved American Pollce Jiu-Jitsu by internationally known police instructor. 151 illustrations with detalled instructions pocket size. 13 knockout blows without using sts. Send One Dollar Full price, or C, О, D. ШРЖ auan RS ENSEN ышна RADIO ENGINEERING RCA Institutes offers an Intensive course of high standard embracing all phases of Radio. Practical training with modern equipment at New York and Chicago schools. Also specialized courses and Home Study Courses under ‘‘No obfigation’’ plan. Mlustrated Catalog on request. RCA INSTITUTES, INC., Dept. MM-35 || 75 Varick St., New York | 1154 Merchandise Mart, Chicago Recognized Standurd in Radio Instruction Since 1909 l / e S H of items of Interest to the amaleur experimenter: SPECIAL 30 DAY OFFER for those who send immediately! J.H. WINN MFG. CO., Dept. 207, 124 №. 23 St., New York е1 fo Stores AN | 1 HANDLE REGULAR ROUTE lacing world’s greatest line of Counter Card Merchandise with atores, Aspirin, Razor Biades, Dime-Lax, Bromo-Flzz, Confections, 100 fast selling displays. Over 100 per cent profit for you and merchants. Steady repeat orders. No experience or Investment needed to start, Big catalog FREE, WORLD'S PRODUCTS co, Dept. 7814 Spencer, Ind. x е © Ёз Print YourOwn Az Can stationery, advertising, labels, paper, .8 rs, tags, ete. Save money and time, Sold gs rect from factory only. Junior Press, $5.90, EE = Job Press, $11, Power, $149. Do su } populur raised’ printing like en- ad graving with any of our presses. 22 Print for Others, Big Profits ед * Pays for itself in à short time. 55 Tm Easy rules sent. Write for free EA s 2 catalog of outtits and all details. 3 Эр 000500 The Kelsey Co., K9, Meriden, Conn, 122 How Three Color Movies Are Made [Continued from page 111 three negatives are made, one each for the three colors, red, green, and blue. All colors of the rainbow can be reproduced by a blend- ing of these three primary colors. The three negatives are made through filters which ab- sorb certain portions of the light passing through them. The light striking the red negative is photographed through a red filter that absorbs or stops all the colors except red. This gives a photographic record of the red objects in the picture. In like manner, the green and blue negatives are photographed through green and blue filters. Color Camera Takes Three Negatives Walt Disney and his staff paint the cartoons in the colors desired, and then a special Tech- nicolor camera photographs the three nega- tives at one operation. The three negatives are made simultaneously through the use of a special prism. Each of these negatives records the intensity and extent of only one color; for instance, on the blue négative is a picture of only the blue color in the objects, on the red negative is the image of the red objects, etc. From each of the three negatives is made a print on a special gelatine coated stock, which is called à "matrix" In making the "matrix," a silver image is not used as in the case of ordinary black and white photography. Instead, a photographie emulsion in the form of a gelatine, sensitive to light, is used. This gelatine emulsion has the characteris- tic of hardening under the action of light. When light strikes this emulsion after going through the negative, it becomes hard and insoluble in proportion to the intensity of the light striking it. Technicolor "Prints" With Dyes In making the red “matrix,” a light beam is passed through the negative of the red record by an optical arrangement to strike the "matrix." This is called “optically” printing the “matrix;” after it is printed the soluble portions, that is, the portions not acted on by light, are dissolved away, leaving a relief image. This relief image is then dyed a blue- green color and pressed into contact with the film which is to be shown on the screen. In pressing this “matrix” into contact, the dye image is printed in a manner not unlike the method used in printing from type in the printing press. The matrices for the other two colors are made and dyed in the same manner, after which they are also pressed into contact on top of the first image. This results in a picture which is a combination of the three colors, and is the final film ready to be shown on the theater screen. Once the matrices are prepared, as many three-color films as are desired can be printed. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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Choosing "Sure Shot" Casting Lures [Continued from page 118] lure. The head revolves on a shaft, creating a gurgling, churning sound in the water. In the half-dusk of evening the revolving head lure proves unusually effective. Both the floating injured minnow type and the above are excellent for use in the evening and at night. The bass are led to them by the sound they make in stirring up the water. The propeller spinner lures and the ones that are popped on the surface are among the most deadly of plug lures. Using the Underwater Plugs Among the lures that go deep to interest the fish are certain deep-roving plugs, plugs that sink of their own weight, and which, when down to the required depth, can be retrieved with short jerks of the rod-tip. They have a very attractive motion and are exceedingly effective in river fishing. One of the original artificial minnows was the typical long bodied plug, with lead coun- tersunk on its breast or belly which caused it to sink down as deep as one desired when it was reeled. These underwater lures are provided with three to five gangs of hooks. One can troll with these, allowing 75 feet of line to be out. Wall-eyed pike are often found in weed-free water, hence these lures are probably as good as any for this species. The use of double hooks on lures is inter- esting in that the hooks turn up, instead of down, As a result the body of the lure acts to some extent as a weed guard. How to Select Color for Lures Without doubt the plug lure coloration that is the most uniformly successful is the white body with the red head. Given this light coloration, one can fish it on grey days, as well as in the dusk, and in water, too, that may be dingy. In clear water, the opposite is the case. Here a chub or frog coloration, or, again, the famous pikie (barred) colora- tion should be used. In picking one’s lures, therefore, it is well to have at least one in white with red head, and at least two others in differing colors. Probably it is true that so far as the fish is concerned, it is the action, and not the color that counts. It is often confusing for the beginner in bait casting to pick the proper coloration of lure. Avoid barber-pole effects in plugs, and anything that is unlifelike in hue and shade. Scale finish lures ar2 very popular and are well worth studying for selection. The perch and pike scale finish are probably the best. Trade names are given от plugs illustrated with this article. They can be identified by name in any tackle shop. Names of the manu- facturers will be furnished by MopERN ME- CHANIX & INVENTIONS MAGAZINE if stamped reply envelope is included. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 12 I. C. S. can mean to you Every MAN is self-madel You either make a success or failure out of yourself. No one else deserves ihe credit or the condemnation. I. C. S. has helped millions of men all over the world help themselves to success. If you are interested in success for yourself, you should be interested in spare-time study of an L.C. S. Course. The hand of friendly and efficient co-operation is extended to you in this coupon. Mail it today! INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS “The Universal University" Вох 2325-D, Scranton, Penna. 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Only 15 minutes a day with these WONDER BOOKS will prepare you for a good drafting job in less than a year. Mechanical end architectural dre(ting from simple straixht lines to important complex plans. А step at a time? Bullt especially for beginners, for men with only E mrmar schooling. Drafting room practice, PLUS “ENGINEERING, made eney end clear, Includes com- plete cogrse іп blue-print reading, S Big Quick Way to Learn Competent draftsmen are urgently needed richt now in all building and manufacturing lines at $80.00 to 575.00 а week. "hat's dust the beginning—~FOR DRAFTSMEN HAVE THE BEST CHANCES FOR ADVANCEMENT. [4 Pleasant, fascinating work, easy to learn and do. Learn quickly with these books. ' Complete set of drawing in- struments If you send fo for th these drafting books NOW. € MAG из тшш m a € nm € == —-- American Technical Soclety, Drexel ^ S8th S St. n бері. DB-320, í Chicago "ni. Send for 10 days’ nm use New b volume get of ‘drafting. I will pay the few cents delivery char; I wish, I may return books in 10 daye and owe you nothing, butif І decide i to раз. thom, I will send $2. .00 atter 10 days, then only $3.00 a month until $24.80, the special introductory price, ia pald, Send latest edition and include drawing instruments. igs) ee ee Teeter eee or eek КЛ Г ЛЛК ‘Attach letter stating age, occupation, employer’ S name and address and that of at least one business man as a reference. and Make up 012 па Day! Let me send you this fine all-wool tallored suit ay: OF COST. Just follow my easy plan and show the suit to your friends. Make up to $12 in & day easily. No experlence—no canvassing necessary. Send for Samples—FREE OF COST Write today for FREE detalls, ACTUAL SAMPLES and ere Pre money getting plans, Send no money. 'ollins, Progress Tallor he Dei pi BOO $. Throop St. Е кее u Chicago, lit. AT LAST! A REAL PockET RADIO Can actually be carried in pocket or purse! No tubes—batteries—nothing to wear out. NO erystals to adjust. Slmply clip to any metal object as desks, beds, telephones, ete, Опе control—sets all stations 50 ta 100 miles; Short wave & police calls 3 No complicated hookups or wires needed! 3 Verified 1800 mile reception! Foolproof—and prac- 1ical—great novelty. Сап be used ANYWHERE —ANYTIME—in Auto, ete. Complete with tiny phone, NOTHING elsetobuy. Rendy tolistant Send only $1.00 and ostmen $1.95 plus post- age or send $2.99 (M. O., Currency, Check). Ideal omplete Ins., included. Guaranteed, Dider now! (Foreign orders BOc extra). At, Setter dealers everywhere. TINYTONE RADIO Co. Dept. М-6' Kearney, Nebr. Here's an amezing money maker for farms, truck gardens, orchards, nurseries, poultry rerches, country homes, ete. Plows, discs, harrows, criti. vates, mowa lawns, cuts tall weeds, Rone be't machinery. Does work of many men. 1to5 P. riding or walking types. Write neercet office for FREE CATALOG. Low Factory Prices end 10 SHAW Trial Plan. FG. CO., Desk 6107 сања Кап Columbrs, Ohlo | SHAVV™-LLTRACTOR Runs 4 Sours per Alr Tires or Steel Wheels HAENEL 4100 SHOT” REPEATER Latest Model 1935 Haenel repeating pistol Sturdy, massive construction, easy eocking lever, 100 shot magazine. For target. Powerful for small game. Blue or Nickel finish. Shoots B. B. steel shot. Wt. 18 oz. FREE—500 Shots. $2.00 deposit on C. O. D. FREE Catalog—Colts, Rifles, Binoculars, etc. W Hudson Sporting Goods, M-52 Warren St., New York Make money мп ng pictures. Prepare quickly during spare time. Also ing else like It, Send at once for free book, OPPORTUNITIES IN MODERN PHOTOGRAPHY. and funi ji particulars; номан ; О PHY Dept. 205B, 3691. Michigan Avenue Ghicago, U. 5. А. 124 A Radiophone Diving Helmet [Continued from page 93] A shut-off valve is placed near the top of the helmet. It should be threaded to take a garden hose connection. A short length of chain is fastened to the top of the helmet for the safety line. This completes the helmet with the exception of the lead weights. The size of the weights will have to be determined by experiments. Radiophone Built Into Helmet The radiophone set is made from radio ear- phones, with a 444-volt “C” battery for power. One earphone is sufficient for both receiving and transmitting in the helmet. If the ear- phone is loose enough on the ear it is only necessary to speak into the helmet and the sounds will be picked up. Otherwise an ear- phone may be attached to the top of the in- terior of the helmet. The phone wires may either be run under the helmet or through a hole that is made water tight with a packing nut. Small rubber insulated wire should be used, and it should be wired at intervals to the air line. The earphohes Should be taken apart and wax poured in around the magnets, to make them waterproof. Use Large Size Pump. The type of pump used depends upon what is available. The one shown was picked up in the junk yard. Whatever pump is used, it should be large enough to give a sufficient volume of air at a high enough pressure for the depth being explored. It may be found necessary to use a supply tank and check valves if the pump is not large enough other- wise. Three or more ordinary auto tire pumps arranged to operate in parallel ere used extensively by amateur divers. Ordinary garden hose is used for an air line. A rope should be attached to the chain on the helmet and wired to the hose at short inter- vals. Enough slack should be left in the hose at the lower end to keep it from kinking. Several coats of copper paint give a neat finish to the helmet. An air release valve is not necessary, as excess air will escape from under the helmet. The safety rope is extremely important. With inexperienced persons, who may lose their balance under water and become frightened when the helmet slips off, two safety ropes, one to the helmet, and one to the waist of the diver, should be used. Blue line prints for this Radiophone Diving Helmet, containing all sketches enlarged many times, repro- duced on tough white paper for workshop use, are available here at 50c postpaid. Order from Modern Mechanix Publishing Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Thank You for Meutiontng Moderim Mechanix aud Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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Police Declare War On Killer Cars! [Continued from page 33] speeding. Tickets were handed out whole- sale. For four weeks, the siren sang out so often that drivers on this road were com- pletely reformed. During the month, not a single death oc- curred. This showed what speed has to do with safety—stop speeding and you stop death. Speeding May Slow Up Traffic A recent survey made by the Automobile Club of Southern California showed that speeding up cars does not necessarily increase the rate of traffic flow. Studies proved that at speeds greater than 23% miles per hour, the safe distance between cars increases so rapidly that it more than offsets the speed with which traffic moves; in fact, it actually may reduce the number which will pass a given point with safety, For example, a traffic lane may accommo- date 2600 cars an hour, moving at 23% miles; but if the cars speed up to 45 miles an hour, only 1760 cars an hour can pass. The safe dis- tance between cars has more than doubled and the capacity is now 1760 cars an hour. The club has also learned by experiment that in a drive through city traffic, a car going thirty miles an hour gets there just as soon as one travelling forty-five or fifty. However, to reform the habits of motorists and pedestrians so as to benefit from these discoveries is a real problem. Psychology is an efficient aid in this work. In one city, police had great difficulty in making pedes- trians obey traffic signals, as required by a new law. Like a flock of chickens, jaywalkers would scatter through heavy traffic and cross without regard for signals or the extreme risks they were taking. Officers were help- less. Then they iried strategy. Embarrassed Pedestrians Heed Signals Instead of trying to give each erring pedes- trian a ticket, the officer simply blew his whistle loudly and motioned him back to the curb to await his turn. Amusement and de- rision of spectators discomfited the jaywalker. By turning the laugh on the violator, the officer readily enlisted crowd sympathy on his side, and soon pedestrians were following signals obediently. Radio stations WHB at Kansas City and WTCN in St. Paul are a few of those now broadcasting traffic court sessions. The broadcasts are popular with radio audiences, and are impressing traffic laws on thousands of citizens. Drivers are sent to traffic school in many states. California requires that every ninth- grade high school student be made familiar with the Motor Vehicle Act. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers Irom REAL RADIO ENGINEERS ~~ LET THESE ENGINEERS | RIGHT FROM THE HEART OF | THE BIG RADIO INDUSTRY ih, Chief Engineer. rengle Co, (Radio sd Manufacturers) | y feci Homer n: Manager, Fasio gatito EYW Chiado, Get out of the rut. Train now, as big radio manufacturers want you trained. Fit yourself for good-pay work in Radio—the field with a future, I'll train you quickly and inexpensively right in your own home, and in your spare time. More than 40 leading Radio Manufacturers endorse R-T-I Training and recommend it to you. The famous Radio Engineers listed above have made this Training so practical and easy that many men start to male an extre $5 to $10 a week soon after enrolling. Mail Coupon tor FREE Information My free Book tells you about Radio's spare-time and full-time opportunities — about m manufacturer-endorsed Training — about the famous Advisory Board of top-notch engineers who direct and supervise R-T-I ЗЕ — about hundreds of R-T-I students and graduates who are making $35 to $75 a week, and more, in Radio, My Money-Back Agreement Protects You Get the facts about Radio’s opportunities for TRAINED MEN — about the exe clusive features that make R-T-I Train- ing so outstandingly successful—about R-T-Y Working Outfits and 5 Advanced Courses Iurnished without extra cost. Act today. Get out of the rut. Mail the coupon for my FREE 2 There is no obligation. AY D. SMITH, President Radios i Television зш, SS RAY D. SMITH, President 2130 Lawrence Ave., Dept. Chicago, Ill Radio and Television Institute (R-T-I) Train You at Homefor соор "red RADIO WOR AMERICAN TELEVISION APPARATUS DESIGN ARCTURUS BALKEIT « BRUNSWICK CAPEHART • CLARION CLOUGH-BRENGLE CONTINENTAL CARBON CROSLEY + DEFOREST ECHOPHONE « FADA ERIE RESISTOR GENERAL INSTRUMENT OREBE HAMMARLUND HICKDK • HOWARD INTERNATIONAL RE- SISTANCE CO, KENNEDY • KEN-RAO KOLSTER • LYRIC MAJESTIC • MUTER MEISSNER MFG, CO. NATIONAL UNION PHILCO RADIO PRODUCTS SANQAMO ELECTRIC SENTINEL • SHELDON SILVER-MARSHALL STANDARD TAANS- FORMER CORP. STEWART RADIO STEWART-WARNER STROMBERG-CARLSON UNIVERSAL МІ- CROPHONE ZENITH | BOOK about spare-time and full-time Radio opportunities Dear Mr. Smith: Without oblizating me, send TREE and how І can tralp for them at home. Name... ‚Өске жаккка зб кузел жо» Айагезз,...,,› ә,» ж евз тке езеж оз» teresas | Cty... sersessoocetotosossooae State........... 125

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"e RECEIVING: actual equipment in | ELECTRICITY NATIONAL SUN П all branches BROADCASTING RADIO // branch newestradio всіепсе— Bea Radio ex- ert. graduates. Practical shop and stiio instruction. Coach railroad fare allowed to Los Angeles. Earn GU ME Le es FOR BIG 1935 BOOK RADIO ' Dept. 2M MR, 4000 So. Figueroa St., Los Angeles NAME Students operate EA You can quickly quali; fy for for big iz opportunities i inthe | tomplete courses at price of one course. 30,000 NATIONAL с SCHOOLS , LH k ADDRESS Amateur Chemists—Scientists ! Every issue of the Home Laboratory Journal contains loads of experiments and spicy scientific news, queries department, facts on chemical science, helpful laboratory sugestions, formulas, humor, ete. Adds real pleasure to working out your chemical problems and experiments. six months’ subscription at 25c for limited time only, You will receive your first copy by return mail. THE CHICAGO PRESS Dept. 205 158 Carroll Ave. Chicago 200 BOYS [VY То “Road-Test” B RANGERS B B. Ed ES А At Home Write quick for Mead’ s FREE ) colored Catalog, 30 Day's “Road- i Trial |, Offer, marvelous new prices. SEN NO MONEY —just write. Opportunity of DNO Mead; coir. CHICAGO Jor Free Catalog! Get FACTS on trailer design. save you 100 times its cost. 2c tax in Ohio. Order direct from author. Money back if not satisfied. RAY F. KUNS, Dept. 107, Madisonville, Cincinnati, ©. This 50 page book can | E You 1 сап complete your High School education еі hon American School, n HB-28, I Drexel at S6th, сн 126 Thank You for National Schools EN Л) offers several | while learning these lucrative | Send for special ! A SemiLog Cabin Home [Continued from page 100] threshold to assure ample door clearance. The windows are single sash and should fit in casements, as shown in Fig. 5. They are hinged the same as the doors and fit up close to the outside stops. Window sills are made of tapered 2" by 6" material to permit water shed. A priming coat of linseed oil or paint should be put on all doors and windows as soon as they are hung to prevent warping. Detail porch construction is shown in Figs. 12 and 13. The pressed wood may now be put on, and as it comes in large pieces, it is a job that is quickly done. Be sure that you buy the kind that has one side already sized. This hard, or sized surface, faces out, flat to half- logs and will take paint with very little ab- sorption. Pressed wood. sold under varicus trade names, should be purchased in 8’ by 4’ size. Building Interior Partitions Lay the four interior wall surfaces first, then box in the gable ends and use the re- sulting waste for finishing the porch. Neil the pressed wood with six penny box nails spaced about three inches apart and be sure to leave a gap of about 45" between each panel to allow for expansion. Cover seams with ¥,” by 2" strips and lay base boards, as shown in Fig. 11. The interior partitions are buit in the conventional manner with 2” by 4” joists boxed in with pressed wood. The chimney is set on a substantial stocl 5’ above the floor with the resulting space below used for shelves, as shown in Fig. 7 Seven bricks are used for each chimney course with about four and one-half courses to the foot, so you can figure out how many bricks you will need. А 5-inch stove pipe opening should be left in the chimney and a sheet metal nipple inserted. Roof flashing of tin or copper should be worked in between courses at roof line to prevent water leaks about the chimney, as shown in Fig. 9. Painting and oiling is next in order. Clean floors thoroughly by sweeping and apply a liberal coat of hot linseed oil, be sure that the oil is hot as the heat increases its penetrat- ing qualities. The half-logs on the exterior may be either varnished, oiled or painted. The exterior of pressed wood should be given two coats of outside paint. BLUEPRINTS FOR SEMI-LOG CABIN Entarged blueprints of all illustrations appearing in the above article, printed on tough paper, can be Address orders to Minneapolis, Minn. obtained for 51.00 postpaid. Modern Mechanix Publishing Co., Mentioning Modern Mechanix aud Inventions Magazine fer July When Writing ta Advertisers

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Grappling With Death Under Sea | [Continued from page 38] Hook and into the harbor, but it was a three day fight. You don’t forget things like that very soon. I remember another time about ten years ago when the United States submarine S-51 was rammed and sunk by the coast passenger ship City of Rome off Block Island, R. I. When I went down to her, in fairly deep water, there wasn’t a chance that the men inside could be alive. She was lying there with her belly sunk pretty far down in the sand—too deep and heavy to be raised without spending a lot of time. It was pretty dark down that deep. I finally cut a hole through her hull, and going into her sort of felt like going into a tomb. Brought Up 33 Bodies But it was a part of my job, and I went in and felt my way around. Of course they had all been dead a long time. I brought 33 bodies to the surface. During the past eighteen months I have been engaged as Submarine Inspector on the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. My duties on this construction work consists of testing and reporting on foundation conditions under water. The water at the base of bridge foundations where I must check conditions is so murky that vision is impossible. I there- fore tap with a metal rod, feel surfaces of the concrete and rock foundations with my bare hands. From a combination of the sound of the surface as it is tapped with the rod and the feeling of the objects I have touched, I make a report by means of a specially designed telephone within my helmet to the engineers above of my discoveries. Describes Harrowing Adventures The deepest dive on the San Francisco- Oakland Bay Bridge job and on any other underwater construction job, as far as I know, was between Yerba Buena Island and the Oakland shore. That was under pier E-3. The water isn’t so deep there, about 40 feet. But we had to go down more than 200 feet to get a good solid foundation for the pier that holds up one end of the cantilever span. The caisson was a false bottom type. After the caisson hit mud, the false bottoms in the dredging wells were ripped out, and the mud was pumped and dredged out until the hole in the bottom of the bay was about 200 feet deep. It was my job to go down into the water filled hole, 245 feet under the surface, thereby making a world’s record for deep water diving on any construction work. I had a very harrowing experience when working alone at the bottom of San Francisco Bay during the moving of the Pacific Tele- [Continued on page 129] PROFITS | COSTS | APPROPRIATIONS | Е | AUDITS PLANS FOR FINANCING Become an Expert Accountant The Profession That Pays The demand for skilled accountants—men who really know their business—is increasing rapidly. The new national and state legislation is requiring of business— both big and small—much more in matters relating to Auditing, Cost Accounting, Business Law, Organization, Management, Finance. Men whoprove their qualifications in this important field are rapid’y promoted to responsible executive positions— given anopportunity to earn realsalaries. Therangeis from $3,000 to $15,000 a year—even to higher income-fizures, Send for Free Book— “Accountancy, the Profession that Pays” Why let the other fellow walk away with the better job, when right in your own home you can equip yourself for a splendid future in this profit- able growing profession? Preliminary knowledge of bookkeeping is un- necessary, Our free book on accou:cancy fully ex- plains how we train you from the ground up, or from where you now are, according to your individ- ualneeds. Low cost;easy terms. The facts about the new LaSalle training in Ac- countancy and the opportunities in this highly prof- itable field are clearly outlined in & 64-page book which LaSalle will send you free. The man in earnest to get ahead will find this coupon @ most profitable aid to progress. If you have the urge and the will to increase your income, clip and mail the coupon NOW. BÀ m p ee MÀ ee eee ee ee — LaSalle Extension University The school that has trained over 1,200 C. P. A’s Dept. 7493-HR Chicago I would welcome details of the new opportunities in accounting, to- gether with copy of "Accountancy, f: the Profession that Pays," without obligation, : DHigberAccountancy Other LaSalle Opportunities: LaSalle opens the way to success in every important field of business. If in- А terested in one of the fields below, check and mail. [Business Management [Law—Degree of LL.B. (Modern Salesmanship | LICommercial Law Ci Traffic Management (Modern Businese Corre- spondence CRailway Accounting Ostenography-Stenotypy (Industrial Management [Expert Bookkeeping (Modern Foremanship (С.Р. A. Coaching CGEffective Speaking (Business English OC Credit and Collection Correspondence OPractical Accounting and Office Management Present Position .. Addxess «ree —— Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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Grappling With Death Under Sea [Continued from page 127] phone and Telegraph Company’s telephone cables. Alone, 100 feet under San Francisco Bay with my knee on an. iron sawhorse, a hack saw in my hand, and surrounded by many tools of various kinds, I sawed away at a huge 1200-wire telephone cable. To cut the cable I required as great freedom of action as possible, and that meant slack water and no tides. But in the hour and a half needed to cut a 1200-wire cable and di- rect the raising of its ends to the barge for splicing and moving 1000 feet north, there was risk that I would be caught in the swift bay tide, which swings along at five or six miles an hour, Reed Is Caught By Tide And I was caught that way one day. The tide was beginning to pull at my suit and to impede my hands. Gritting my teeth, de- termined to finish the job, I wrapped one of my legs around the iron sawhorse and kept working. But the swirling tide made a plaything of my safety rope. It entangled. When I finished my work and was ready to ascend to the surface, I was caught. Making a quick decision, I cut the safety rope. Only the rub- ber hose supplying me with air was left now by which to pull me to the top. A weak spot in the hose, a jerk of the tide, a split in the rubber and the water would have filled my diving suit. But the rubber hose did not break, and I was pulled to safety. Cuts Air Hose to Escape When the schooner Lynch sank in the Hud- son River, I descended for the purpose of clearing the rigging preparatory to the work of removing the schooner. While carrying on this work one of the masts of the vessel was earried away fouling the life line and air hose to such an extent that it was impossible for me to clear them. I was able, however, to pull through sufficient slack to enable me to reach my lines on the other side of the wreck- age. Then cutting my air hose I pushed the end up the cuff of my diving suit which sup- plied me with air enabling me to reach the surface in safety. For the purpose of facilitating my diving work I have designed and equipped a barge on which is installed practically every facility required for deep sea diving. It includes a steam room and massage department which is in charge of a specialist, who goes into action the instant I leave the decompression chamber after I have made a deep dive. This chamber is equipped with bed, telephone and other devices that contribute to the comfort of those using it. At the end is a medical chamber by means of which food or medicine may be delivered to the interior. Thank You for Mentioning Moderi Mechanix end Inventions Magasine for July When Writing to Advertisers A азс Mew MIDWEST ONLY RADIO) HIGHER FIDELITY томо | 6 U BE 9 TO 2,400 (ALL 5 WAVE BANDS) XCLUSIVE fea- METERS, tures, acting like ЭО NEW Deluxe ER W "Invisible Hands,” g3 for FREE 36-page 4- AUDITORIUM-TY PE radio gives you: High Fidelity reception, 4 tions 12,000 miles away. give magical world- wide High Fidelity reception. Before buying a radio, write color catalog. Learn SPEAKEI how thousands saved 14 to 16 by buying direct from MIDWEST. This Super Deluxe, 16-tube All-Wave 5 wave bands, 50 advanced features, many of them exclusive . . . such as Multi- 4 Function dial. Only Midwest offers you 9 d to 1200 meters. Brings in foreign sta- Hear realistic American and SHORT WAVE programs . . . Canadian, SM police, amateur, airplane, ships. One-Year Guar- antee, Foreign Reception Guarantee, Money Back Guarantee. As little as $5.00 down. 30 days | FREE Trial. wed Long-Range Radios S азыу 25 .... $27.50 C Mail coupon or send 1c postcard Midwest Radio Corporation Dept. 253A, Cincinnati, О. ‘MAIL COUPON TODAY! FREE MINIATURE DIAL..... FREE 30-DAY TRIAL OFFER.. FBEE CATALOG | MIDWEST RADIO CORP. П | Dept. 253A, Cincinnati, Ohlo PT I І Without obligation send me your FREE catalog, FREE Minia- і П ture Dial, and 30-day FREE trial offer. This is NOT an order. [| | хате asm ea ex were re О esas ce - I pos ISSUES duis eR aS ipod eate Skane m du mn i і DOWN: erm EM Г) Check here, if interested In Midwest World-Wide Battery Radio. fi J C] Check here, if interested in a Midwest Auto Radio. 129

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One Government Position Tells About These and Other Positions RAILWAY POSTAL CLERK $1850to $2700 a year Cepia POSTMASTER $1200 to $2500 a year Ip ern POST OFFICE CLERK $1700 to $2100 a year R. F. D. MAIL CARRIER $1800 to $2300 year FREE BOOK fells how I ean help you a Government Job. For 8 years I was Civil Service Examiner—have helped thousands. If citizen 18 to 50, you may у — qualify. Get ready NOW for a Government Ж Ер” position. Sen торте dook, Merite, ос тай eounon TODAY: A. R, PATTERSON, Civil Service Expert, 437 Case Bldg., Rochesler, N. Y. Please send me your free book ''Ilow to Secure a Government Positlon.”’ Name .... QS солк, Secure A | Address What's wrong with you? Do symptoms of Constipation, Indigestion, Dizzy Spells, Sweating and Sleeplessness keep you irritable, exhausted and gloomy 1 Are ou Bashful? Despondent? There's Het for You?! (cines, tonics or roba! not relieve pu weak, sick nerves. RUE p Wig i" method that gill help end 2ha by nerves. OBERT HOLMES, 137 A RAILWAY TRAFFIC INSPECTOR , near bore, BUSINESS TRAINING INSTITUTE, 5107, Buflalo, N, Y. Get It Now! The 1935 Edition of the | HANDY MAN'S HOME MANUAL How To Fix Leaky Faucets, Balky Furnaces, Broken Win- dows, Ailing Radios, and 1000 other items for the Home How To Build Furniture - Toys - Games - Ice- less Refrigerators . . Swimming | Pools and Automobile Trailers If your dealer cannot supply you write to MODERN MECHANIX PUBLISHING COMPANY | 529 So. 7th Street Minneapolis, Minn. Buy Now 90 At All Newsstands 130 America’s Part In Soviet Triumphs {Continued from page 84] The completion of the Dnieper dam, with three 40-foot navigation locks, makes navigable a waterway linking the Black Sea with the Baltic—a project discussed and dreamed of by engineers of the old regime in Russia for centuries. First in the world as regards the use of air- planes in forestry and agriculture is Soviet Russia. Not satisfied to wait until ground is dry enough in spring for tractor sowing, U.S. S. R. farmers spread seed from planes at ten times the speed of ordinary planting equipment, Almost 500,000 acres of land were sown in this way in 1934. Airplanes Chase Frosts Airplanes have been used effectively to spread smoke clouds in fighting early frosts in orchards and gardens. Airplane dusting has cleared almost a million acres already, of both farm and forest land, from insect pests. On a par with other nations now is the Soviet Union in aviation development work. All-steel, electrically welded planes, tailless craft, autogiros, gliders—countless other types of aircraft have been designed and built at TSAGI in Moscow, and at two other aviation institutes, a pat Umberto Nobile, former commander of the ill-fated dirigible Italia, is engineering con- sultant for the Soviet dirigible construction trust. Six experimental non-rigid and semi- rigid dirigibles have already been built and successfully tested; a 5,000,000 cu. ft. capacity rigid giant of the air, but little smaller than the U. S. Macon, is now being designed. Moscow Gets Subway Line The first 714-mile long line of Soviet Russia’s first subway line is now completed in Moscow. John Morgan, American consultant on this gigantic tunneling project, considers the Moscow subway superior in many respects to any underground railway in the world. Pioneering in the manufacture of synthetic rubber on a commercial scale, Soviet en- gineers are now completing, in Armenia, a plant which will convert limestone and coal into a synthetic rubber of low cost and excel- lent wearing qualities, to be known as “sovpren.” . The recently completed graphite and as- bestos manufacturing plants, and the nearly- completed abrasives plant in the Urals, are probably the largest of their kind in the world. American architects have willingly given of their experience and knowledge to Soviet Russia, Soviet and American designers worked together in planning the Palace of the Soviets in Moscow, to be the largest public building in the world. Actual construction is scheduled to begin this year. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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Debunking Poison Gas War Scares [Continued from page 48] many into the World War at Ypres, the Ger- man General Staff was informed by chemists that the war would soon come to an end, Chlorine, a deadly poison, when released be- fore the Allied position was expected to drift across "no man's land" and rout the enemy from its position, Once in the open the Ger- man troops would everwhelm the British and French. True the gas barrage was successful, But the Germans never followed up the at- tack with troops. To the Chemical Warfare Service this ех- perience of the Germans at Ypres with chlorine suggests the impracticability of its use in an aerial attack. Mustard Gas Is Most Dangerous Searching through old records belonging to large-scale commercial chemists and utilizing the world’s most complete data on some 250,000 chemical combinations, the chemical engi- neers of the warring powers from 1916 to 1918 sought a perfect gas. The net result of a couple of years search was mustard gas, and it is doubtful, most chemists of today are convinced, if any other gas will ever be discovered with more effec- tive qualities as an attack chemical. Phos- gene is no more deadly but is the lightest of all the gases and therefore requires enormous quantities for purposes of destruction. Phos- gene is volatile, but not as volatile as chlorine. Therefore phosgene cannot be classed as a real lethal threat to civilian populations in time of war. Simple Mask Needed for Chlorine Since the simplest mask is protection against chlorine, the general public need not fear it as an important agent of destruction. Chlorine will kill vegetation on a large scale but salt will do a better job and far less ex- pensively. Mustard gas is not very volatile. It is a persistent agent which affects the lungs very much like phosgene and is deadly on long ex- posure to it. The real threat offered by mustard gas lies in its liquid form. When scattered on the ground it gives off a suffo- cating vapor. Both the vapor and the liquid burn. So that proper protection against mustard gas necessitates the use of gas-proof and fire proof masks and suits. Fluorine, a newly heralded war gas, has no application to war either as an explosive or poisonous gas. Its effects cannot be con- trolled—that is, its time of explosion cannot be ordered. Though lethal properties are claimed for fluorine, this chemical is too light for field use. One of the first things to bear in mind when you hear wild remarks about large-scale [Continued on page 140] Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers Tm : B3 Prosperity is = E e Г coming. Be prepared fora bigger, better job. Get the training now! Jte TOOLS. doth EQUIPMENT. Given When Ou Јат lanri DRAFTING at home.. Now ia YOUR big opportunity! Boost your pay! Get a better job. Business із picking up. Draftsmen are the first need- ed! I furnish you all tools and a drawing table. And I'll teach you in a very short time by mail in your epare time until you actually have a desirable draftsrnan'B po- sition so that you are fully satisfied with your easy work and better pay. Earn while you Jearn! No previoua experlenca required. High School education not need- ed. Everything made plain by my practi- cal method right from the start. You'll be amazed how quickly you can prepare рове in your яраге time for MORE AY by my practical method — now used for ever 84 years. Thousands of success- ful graduates, aged 16 and 18 to past 60, “PU train you RIGHT—the practi- cal EASY way!” — Engineer Dobe JOBS OPEN NOW! After training you I help you to a job without charging you a cent for this service. For 20 years em- ployers of Draftsmen have been writing me when they want help. Aviation, Electricity, Machinery Auto Work, Building Work — АҢ these industries and others, too, must have draftemen in their of- fices. These industrica are now growing fast; be prepared. Start Now and get the training. Then YOU will be ready for thet bigger, better pay job. Time ia money. Send the coupon NOW— TODAY! FREE 800K COUPON AUTOMOBILE MOTOR BUS AVIATION ELECTRICITY MACHINE BUILDING BUILDING CONSTRUCTION ! ENGINEER DOBE, Div. В.473 Libertyville, Ill. # | Send me your free book, "Successful Draftsmanship" and H | explain how you will assist me to a good position as a į | draftsman, i [ Айй гыл ыы ыйы ыр elsi ll ll д Age..--.----- H Г Address ae deoir cec ist шн ДЕЧ н e EE ге УЫ | 1 Post ОЛЯсе„..--.----------------------- State ....----- i

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Clty 2-2----22----22-22--—-—-————--e---L Attach letter stating age, occupation and name and шш of employer end at Teast ol one business man as reference, On small or large seale for our NEW LINE of Cast Metal 5 and 10c Novelties, Toy Automobiles, Ashtrays and other all year sellers. No special place or experi- ence necessary as we furnish full instruetions with moulds and cooperate in selling, also buy finished goods. Chance of a lifetime for man with small capital to get into this new and profitable industry. If you mean strictly business and are over 21, write AT ONCE for feralis as we are now closing arrangements for 1935 usiness. METAL CAST PRODUCTS CO. 1696 Boston Road Dept. 2 New York, N. Y. available $125-175 month. Cabin. Hunt, trap, patrol. Qualify immediately. Write RAYSON SERVICE BU. REAU, D-32, Denver, Colo. ART LESSONS ye Become Tal Income Become Ta ented Artist with m асо: РШ Art a р pes toe 'COURSE A COMPLETE 7 $1.50 DEAL SELLS FOR 49c FR E E—Wholessls Catalog Show- 2,000 Fast Seller . D73 deal, conalsta of 10 safety razor Blades. `1 etyptie pencil. 1 tube of shavin: cream, 1 genuine Goodrich hone, all big! f quality merchandise, can't make $15 a day. Sample 25c DOZ, pach 216 GR. sach 190 sPORS. co. a Fawcett St., CENTER MINN. Money back n you -BEANA YOu DRAWING in ~~ Y your own home during your w spare time. Thirty-five years of successful teaching proves our ability, > tlsts receive large salaries. Write today for Art Year Books ScH@DLAPPLED ART Dept. 605B, 10 E. Huron St., Chicago, 11, Who Will Win Greatest Air Race? [Continued from page 53] Federation of Spain. In the United States both Government and private interests are tremendously interested. Distinguished names include William Gibbs McAdoo, war- time Treasury Secretary who is now head of the National Aeronautic Association, and Eugene Vidal, director of Aeronautics, De- partment of Commerce. All Nations Invited to Race “What is my purpose in launching the race? The main idea is to test out the world’s finest kinds of equipment for aerial navigation. Certainly the contest should answer all major questions concerning just where the various nations stand today in aviation science. True, the London-Australia race of last fall, won by C. W. A. Scott and T. Campbell Black, British pair, had a somewhat similar aim. But that competition wasn't truly interna- tional It was three-fourths British so far as entries were concerned. The great French flyers just couldn't get interested enough to compete; America had two pairs of flyers en- tered: Col. Roscoe Turner and Clyde Pang- born, who finished third, and Smith and Cochran, who didn't even start due to engine trouble. “The ‘Around the Americas’ race, on the other hand, will include most of the great dis- tance flyers of every nation. We hope to make it an aerial competition for the Western hemisphere the equal of which has never been undertaken in the history of aviation. The contest will cover the major portions of North, Central and South America. Rules of Race Are Simple “The race will be conducted under the rules of the Federation Aeronautique Interna- tionale, the international body in charge of official air records, and with the sanction of the National Aeronautic Association. The N. A. A. is not promoting the contest; instead a non-profit corporation is being organized for this purpose, of which I am serving as managing director. I am being aided ma- terially by Fred Roper, son of the Secretary of Commerce. “Not yet have we had a chance to draw up all the rules for the great race, but we con- template substantially a free- for-all competi- tion that will be as simply organized as pos- sible. Since the participation of European countries will be invited and since aircraft regulations elsewhere are not uniform with those of the United States, we feel that the best results can be obtained by leaving the specifications as wide spen as possible. “The sky is the limit on the number of en- tries. However, it is hoped to have at least 100 flyers, representing the cream of the crop Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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Who Will Win Greatest Air Race? |

among the leading nations. None of them have yet been approached officially, but we expect to line them all up within a couple of months. No restrictions will be outlined, ac- cording to our present plans, as to the parti- cipation of government flyers of any nation, although whether their governments will per- mit them to enter the race is of course quite another matter. However, this much is hard and fast: no plane built with military funds or specifications will be allowed to participate. “The long hop will total about 18,500 miles. It won't be a non-stop affair. Flyers will have to follow the prescribed course with about 25 major stop points. They will have to check in and check out of each of these contest points. “Four major prizes will be given: $50,000 for the fastest time; $25,000 for the second fastest; $15,000 for third place; and $7,500 for fourth place. In addition numerous ‘lap’ prizes will be put up by various private in- terests for best time on any given lap, as for instance, from Los Angeles to San Francisco; furthermore, a prize will be awarded for the speediest transcontinental hop. Thus it will be possible for entrants who by reason of ac- cident or delay are substantially out of the running in the main contest to win con- siderable sums of money nevertheless."

Examine Flowers With Microscope [Continued from page 63] aleohol. Next day, in the same manner of manipulation, wash for one-half hour in fresh 95 per cent alcohol, then into xylol for a similar period and finally into thin balsam. A slide may now be prepared at any time by stirring this balsam with a needle and mounting a drop or two. Small seeds may be carried through in the same way, although it may be necessary to puncture seeds with a fine needle to admit the reagents. Following such an introductory study, try some of the more bizarre and unusual types of flowers, fruits and seeds. Through the microscope, look at the prongs and hooks on cockleburs, beggar’s lice and stick-tights, fruits designed for dispersal by animals. The modified leaves of the sundew and venus’ fly trap, insect-eating plants, are weird indeed. Grasses and grains have flowers so small as to be practically microscopic. There is an interesting series of modifica- tions in the great composite family, including such forms as the daisy and sunflower. What one naturally presumes to be a single flower is really not such at all, as your microscope will show you. The floral head actually con- sists of a complex assemblage of very many but tiny separate flowers.

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$1260 to $2100 YEAR MEN—WOMEN—I8 to 50 и ^ FRANKLIN INSTITUTE Dept. T306 Rochester, N. Y. 7 Gentlemen: Rush to me, rd FREE of charge, list of U. S. Government big pay jobs. Send me FREE 32-page book describ- ing salaries, vacations, hours, work and send pointers telling how to get one of. these jobs. STEADY WORK Many Early Examinations — ^ Expected E Qualify Now Common Education Usually Sufficient JS Mail Coupon «5? Today— SURE gt ^ т РА Name ——————— 7 4 á Address ............ Thank You for Mentioning Moderm Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 133

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BUILD RADIOS ta from these в F- 18 complete plans De doccia rereptioa gr кайа, Sonat. progam en ake doudipesker are ehane with dis compact tombe a Чир: feng sect shart sie coe Get essen da экы кад Sab ак pesto Те ene with, speaks volts int the pscertol v Boag and abort gie. ре [унй Quer diia: Sad) Small, Simple and te “expense thaigh dii RADIO BUILDERS’ MANUAL Contains hundreds of radio tot mad) AIRS pe ner REE AA mi сиу ay : plans and kinks 5 О At all Newsstands, |, or E à C order directly from | 2 пош ere MODERN MECHANIX PUBLISHING CO. ee _ 599 5, 7th St. Minneapolis, Minn. 134 Thank You for Mentioning Moderis Mechani# and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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Teach Your Dog These Tricks [Continued from page 57] to commands. Catching a ball is an interest- ing trick to watch and is a game to the dog. A soft or sponge rubber ball should be used. Have him sit down, then back away a few feet. Show him the ball, say “watch,” then with one downward swing toss the ball to him, saying “catch.” Dead dog is an amusing stunt, and is ac- cepted by our pupil as a rest period. Com- mand him to “lie down,” roll him on his side and gently rub his stomach. He will relax and lie on his back. Say to him “dead dog.” Gently place a hand over his eyes, and he will close them. Do not keep him in this position long, but command “up, good dog” and reward him. Teach “Rolling Over” Trick Rolling over is also an amusing trick, espe- cially when done quickly. Have the dog “lie down,” and while carefully rolling him over, command “roll over." Follow this on com- pletion with “up” and a reward. A dog may be taught to make himself use- ful around the home by delivering articles from one member of the family to another. When he has learned to carry, take him up- stairs and offer him a folded newspaper. Tell him to take it to dad or mother, who may be in the living room or kitchen. Have them call him saying “bring it here.” Repetition will impress the names of persons or articles on the dog’s mind. Dogs Pray Seriously Saying prayers is a trick easily taught, and from outward appearances is taken seriously by the dog. Place him in front of a kitchen chair and have him sit down. Gently take his front paws and place them on the chair. Push his head down on his paws and hold it there a few seconds, commanding “say your prayers.” It may be necessary to say “steady” to him, if he refuses to stay in position. When you are ready to let him down, say “Amen —good dog,” and reward him. Ina short time all you will have to do is point to a chair and tell him to say his prayers. Once he masters this much of the trick, he may be tried in the center of the room. It is best to support him until he learns to bal- ance himself perfectly. An amusing trick to be added to his reper- toire is that of sneezing. Take a fluffy feather and tickle his nose with it until he sneezes. Reward him and encourage him to repeat. Teaching a dog to walk and waltz, standing up on his hind legs, is a more difficult trick and requires a longer time. The dog should be tempted with a tidbit to induce him to stand. It is necessary to support him for [Continued on page 142] | Box 75, Adrian, Mich. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers MAKE IT.. FLY IT! eel we: mr FREE BLUEPRINTS FOR MODEL CURTISS FALCON MAKE THIS NEW MODEL TO LAST with strong, quick-drying, easy-to-use Du Pont Duco Cement. Favorite with model builders everywhere. Send green carton or red disc from 25c tube for free working plans. DU PONT, Dept. H-1, Wilmington, Del. TRANSPARENT * WATERPROOF ‘Household | MID puco CEMENT. EARN MONEY _ Ch Д TENNIS АСКЕТ Stringing Tennis Rackets PAYS... $1.75 profit on $3.00 restringing. Easy work~we teach you how. Tennis players need new strings in their rackets two or three times a year... every stringing means profit for you. Just see how easy it is to get in this business. Cost practically nothing to start. Get started without delay, FREE: Write today for FREE folder Earn Money String- ing Tennis Rackets’; also FREErestringer’s catalog and price listof TOMGUT **Court-Tested''Tennis Strings and Restringing Equip. Write todayl e" THOMPSON MFG. CO. Packers Ave., CHICAGO Makers. of TOMGUT''COURT-TESTED'' Tennis Strings & Restringing Equip, MAKE BIG MONEY IN MAIL ORDER BUSINESS | Free circulars describing thousands of money-making plans, How you сап make thousands of dollars yearly in a Mail Order Business Starting with a few dollars at home in spare time. Write to MAIL ORDER INSTITUTE, 669-L Marcy Ave.. Brooklyn, М. Y. | LOOK MANLY саг the VITALITY Shoulder Support. Develops upri eraceful flgure, expands i сера shoulders square. im- g, energy, health, looks. If short, appears to add 2 For both sexes. Unde- tectable, Try 7 days. If not delighted, money back, The Guaranteed perfect VITALITY Support only $2.00, if you order at onee in reply to this advt. S & N Appliances, Dept. MMI, Forest Hills, М. Y. Jnereases poise, ins, to height. Brand new Robbins & Myers Generators. 32 Volts, DC, 1000 Watts at 2000 В.Р М, (lesser output at lower вреейв). Ball Bearing bullt-in motoring coils to self-etart gas engine. Wt. 100 lbs, May be driven by gas engine, wind power or water wheel, by arranging proper hook-up for obtaining desired speed. Regular price $90.00. While they last: $25.00 cash or $10.00 down, $3.00 per mo. for 6 шо, VICTOR MFG. CO. Money Back Guaranlee

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A. C. GENERATOR 25 Changes of auto generators to welders, A-C generators, motors, hand- drills, ete. In book of blueprints and explanations. $1.00. Electric Auto- motive Power, 2625 5, 27th St., Mil- waukee, Wis. TWENTY new practical changes for automobile generators. See our adver- tisement at bottom of page 26, Auto Power, Inc. ADVERTISING AGENCIES ADVERTISE: $15 reaches 6,000,000 readers with 24-word ad. Newspaper and mail-order magazine. Rate-Guide, free. Chicago Advertising Agency, 22 West Jackson, Chicago. ADVERTISE—24 words in 250 news- papers $10. Lists Free. Advertising Service Bureau, 4650 Drexel, Chicago. FREE NEW advertisers rate guide. Brown Advertising Agency, 140 South Dearborn, Chicago. pun ADVERTISE. 30 words in 25 maga- zines $1.00, Goodall Agency, Box 1592, San Francisco. ADVERTISING SERVICE 30-Words Printed 10,000 advertising- circulars and mailed to prospects, $1.00, Lee Agency, Sheridan, Ark, AERONAUTICAL AMBITIOUS Young Men interested in entering Aviation as Apprentices see tage 26. AGENTS WANTED SALESMEN — DISTRIBUTORS — Sensational profit with amazing new Automatic Striping Tool. Works like magic! Anyone can use it. Does per- fect striping work — any width — on autos, bicycles, furniture, walls, signs, etc. Sells on sight. Write today. Mid- west Sales, 1337-M Monadnock Bldg., Chicago. flavoring, food products and make cus- tomers. Must devote at least two hours daily and be satisfied with up to $3 in an hour. Permanent. Blair, Dept. 603-G, Lynchburg, Va. BIG MONEY and Fast Sales. Every owner buys Gold Initials for his auto. You charge $1.50; make $1.45. Ten orders daily easy. Write for particu. lars and free sample. American Mono- gram Company, Dept. 11, East Orange, New Tersev. AGENTS: Smash go prices. Santos Coffee 12c Ib. 4-oz. Vanilla 834c. $1.00 size Tonic 14c. Razor Blades 10 for В:2с, 100 sticks Chewing Gum 12е, 150 other bargains, Experience unnecessary. Write Carnation Co., MN, St. Louis, Missouri. MAKE MORE MONEY Taking Orders hirts, Ties, Underwear, Dresses, Hosiery, Raincoats, Overalls, Pants, Uniforms. Outfit Free! Nimrod Com- pany, Department 132, 4922-28 Lincoln Avenue, Chicago. POCKET Oil Gauge Wiper—used by largest Service Stations and car owners. Sell 45c. Your price $3.00 Doz, Post- paid. Sample 35e, Nokorode Mfg. Co., 1205 9th NW. Washington, D. C. FREE Literature Describing Many Money-Making Plans, Formulas, Ideas. D-Belfort, 4042 N, Keeler, Chicago. 136 Classified Advertisements Rate for classified ads—=15c per word (include Name, Address and all numbers) per insertion, accompany order and be received in this office June 3 for the August issue (on sale July 30). Mechanix & Inventions, 1504 Broadway, New York City. SELL New and Used Clothing! 100%- 300% Profit! Satisfaction guaranteed. Experience unnecessary. We start you. Catalog Free. Liquidation Merchandise Co.. AK-550 East 43rd, Chicago. PENNY EACH. Mirror Finished. Non-Tarnishable Window Sign Letters. Enormous Profits. — Easily Applied. New Styles. FREE SAMPLES. At- las, 7941-G Halsted, Chicago. Electro-Plating, portable outfits. Astonishing disclos- ures! O’Custer, Mirror-Craftsman, HPa-224 Highland, Detroit, Michigan. AGENTS: Amazing New Automobile ornament, Produces revolving colored light. Sells like wild fire. Write Propell-O-Lite, Mt. Washington, Ohio. GOOD Income Plating Auto Parts, Reflectors, Mirrors, by new method. Outfits furnished; free particulars. Gunmetal Co.. Ave. A, Decatur, Ill. BIG MONEY applying gold initials on automobiles. Easiest thing today, No ex- perience needed. Free samples. “Ва1со,” 1084 Washington. Raston. Mass. CASH Income Daily Resilvering Mir- rors: Replating Metalware; Making Glass Signs. Portable Outfit. Sprinkle, Plater, 850, Marion, Indiana. 500% Profit! Gold and colored sizn letters for windows. offices, trucks, signs. Monograms. Easily applied. Neonite, Akron, Ohio. AGENTS’ Gold Sign Letters for store windows. 50045 profit Free sample. Metallic Letter Co, 426 N, Clark, hicago. REGULAR INCOME—OQuick Returns —No Canvassing. McArthur Co., Desk 19, Butte, Montana, Make AIRPLANES FUN, Stunts, Thrills. Make Fly Motor- less Airplanes. Sample dime 25 for 25c. Aeroshop, 1965 S. Muskego, Milwaukee, 18. AUSTRALIAN OPALS OPALS, Cheap. All sorts. Lists free. Sample Packet, $5.00. Norman Seward, Melbourne, Australia, AUTOMOBILES 200 MILES 35e. Burn stove distillate in your car. Get parts any junk yard. Detailed information and blueprint 50c. Cecil Carmichael, 5013 2nd Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. AVIATION ARMY AIR CORPS gives free flying training, salary, expenses paid. Infor- fnation pamphlet, how to apply, 20c. Same information, Navy Aviation train- ing, 20c. Information on Marine Corps Aviatiom, 20c. All three, 40c. airplanes, $40 and up. Literature 10c. Continental Sales, Box 344, Dept. 23. Indianapolis, Ind. AEROPLANE, boat, sled, wind driven generator propellers, $2.98 up. New Aeroplanes, air wheel equipped, $98.00. Rebuilt 40 H. Р. motors, $49.98. Send 25c for more information, Hibbs, Fort Worth, Texas. Minimum [0 words. Cash must Address Classifled Manager, Modern AIRMINDED young men interested in entering aviation as apprentices. Write immediately, enclosing stamp. Mechanix Universal Aviation Service, P. O. Dox 33A, Detroit, Michigan. Send thin dime today. Karl Ort, 649 Poplar, York, Pa. HUNDREDS Airplanes, $40 up. Di- rectory 20c. Used Aircraft Directory, Athens, Ohio. BATTERIES PROFIT Rebuilding Batteries. Make your own plates, information 25c (coin). Wind power battery charger plans 25c. Build an arc-welder, instructions 50c. Coil and condenser tester 25c, All for $1.00. General Battery Service, 78-F Glenwood, Minneapolis, Minn. PROFITABLE home manufacturing business. Build new farmlight, automo- bile batteries from old. Small invest- ment brings daily cash. Business every- where, Battery Laboratories, St. Paul, BLUEPRINTS AUTO RADIO blueprints, with plans for 6 tube set and vibrator type B bat- tery eliminator, sent postpaid for 50c. Other radio blueprint bargains listed in specifications. 5.00. City Electric Shop, Snyder, Oklahoma. BOATS Christiana, Chicago. DETACHABLE CANVAS TOP for motor or row boat. Details and_plans 50с. R. Kingsbury, 480 83rd Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. MAKE Canvas canoe, blueprint, 30c. Weesho-Uco, B51-MK, Detroit, Micbi- gan. MAKE 16’ Rowboat, Blueprints, 30c. Weesho-Uco, B51-MK, Detroit, Mich. MAKE 12’ Rowboat, blueprint, 30c. Weesho-Uco, B51-MK. Detroit, Mich. BOOKS SEND stamped, addressed envelope for free copy of big M-M Blueprint book, listing many workshop books and blue- print plans. Modern, Mechanix Publ. Co., 529 So. 7th St., Minneapolis, Minn. BOOKS AND PERIODICALS BOOKS, Books, Books. No matter what you want in the book line, I can fill your order. If you caunot find the books you want send 25c in silver for my book catalogue today. Levi Bryant, 654 East 44th St., Chicago, Ill. dress: Haldeman-Julius Co., Box 2053, Girard, Kansas. "FINDING Gold Nuggets.” Book including 16 maps with instructions $1.00. Fine Arts Engraving, 416 Ө. Dearborn St., Chicago. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix ond Inventions Magdciue for July When Writing to Advertisers

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BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES WEALTH, quickly and honestly made. One plan earned $15,000 in a few days, another $20,000 in eleven months. Plans and material given in full. '"The Key to Business Opportunities” a 36 page book shows you the way. Just send your name and it will come to you FREE. Wil- liamson Enterprises, 36-I Meridian Avenue, Sweetser, Indiana. LEARN Synthetic Rubber mold mak- ing, inexpensive cold process, equals pure rubber for flexibility, toughness, longevity. All branches marbelizing taught. Dime brings mold and cast; marble powder for testing; assorted samples. Expensive gift offer. Cowell Institute, Grayling, Michigan. OPERATE Chain world’s fastest money making penny vending machines. Dis- plays—sells four kinds merchandise— same time. Start small, grow fast. Large profits immediately. Particulars free. Peny King, 3445 Park, St. Louis, COMPLETE Chemical Service, Analy- sis, Formulas, Consultations. State Licensed Chemist. Twenty-five years’ experience, Write for literature. W. L. Cummings, Ph.D., 428 Gordon Avenue, Syracuse, N. Y. IF you have some spare room, a base- ment or garage where you can do light work, see our offer to Branch Manu- facturers on page 132. Metal Cast Products Co., 1696 Boston Road, New York City. OPEN a key-making shop. Start a per- manent, profitable business with a small sum. No skill necessary. Write for par- ticulars, Beisser Mfg. Co., 419 E. Fort, Detroit. Mich. BIG money hand engraving rubber printing plates. Instructions 25c. Large, illustrated, descriptive catalog; dime. Becker, 300D Graham Avenue, Brook- lyn, N. Y. OPERATE Chain of amusement machines. for life. Start small, grow big. Goodhody, 1826 East Main St., ter, N. Y READ “PRO$PERITY” for home workers. 52 pages money making ideas monthly. Sample, 10c (silver), B. Sizemore, 4917 N. Kostner, Chicago. CAST beautiful novelties in rubber moulds. Cement secrets, formulas. Samples 3c. John H. Payn, 945 Grande Vista Avenue, Los Angeles, Calif. CASH Income Daily Resilvering Mir- rors; Replating Metalware; Making Glass Signs. Portable Outfit. Sprinkle, Plater, 845, Marion, Indiana. “MAKE-MORE”—Stop working for others. Be your own Boss. Send for Booklet, J. B. Ногпке, 724 Мо. Sweetzer, Hollywood, Cal. SUCCEED With Your Products. Learn how. Formulas. Processes. Analyti- cal Service. Catalog free. A. Thaxly Co., Washington, D. C. FREE literature describing plans, formulas, ideas for a business of your own. ADVISOR, 2432 North Mc- Vicker, Chicago. 1,000 Formulas, Facts, Processes, Man- ufacturing Plans and Opportunities. Price $1.00. Dunn, Box 74, Ionia, Michigan. BIG MORNING MAILS, 3 months, 10c. Propositions, Premiums. Hen- desystem, 141-M Garson, Rochester, . Y. vending and Be independent M. oches- AMATEUR cartoonists, earn $25.00 week, spare time, copying cartoons for advertisers. Three-M Syndicate, Argyle, Wis. GET Barrels of Mail. Your name in 10,000 Opportunity Directories, 25c. Roservice, 4627 Glenshade, Cincinnati. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers SELL by Mail! Books, Novelties! Bar- gains! Big profits! Particulars Free! H. Elfco, 525 South Dearborn, Chicago. MONEY In Flies. Get your share. Directions and details 25c. Lumess Products, Hillsboro, North Dakota. $50 WEEKLY. Distributing Radios. No selling. Outfit, details 25c. Getz, 127 Brick St., Dickson, Penna. EARN extra money making three use- ful products. Formulas 25c, Beever, 407 Main St., Richmond, Ind. CHEMICALS WRITE for amazing Chemical Book--- real formulas—only 10c. Stansi 2340 Wabansia Ave., Chicago, Ill. CHEMISTRY SEND for new big catalog. Chemical sets, microscope outfits, laboratory, bio- logical and chemical supplies. Approved by experimental laboratories. Special 30 day offer now open. Send 10c now! Winn Co., Dept. 207X, 124 West 23rd St. New York. VERY Best, Most Certain Ways to make money home, anywhere. Write! Jms. Lund, River Falls, Wis. DOLLARS DAILY! Operate Profit- able Mailorder Business. Details. Duffy-Co., Covington, Ky. TATTOOING Outfits, Supplies—Cata- logue. Guaranteed Remover. "Waters," M-965 Putnam, Detroit, $25 WEEKLY, No Capital, Address- ing Plan, 10c. Merriamservice, G-4649 Woodlawn, Chicago. LEARN the collection agency business. Write Cole Associates, Tower, Syra- cuse, N. Y. NEWSPAPER Clippings Pay. Infor- mation 25c. Francisco. MAII, Order plan and formulas 25c. Burke Dist. Service, Box 111, Morgan- ton, N. C. FREE SAMPLE! Big Profits! 2с Handling. Magico, 5721 Adelphi, Cin- cinnati. MAKE—sell products yourself. Write Allied Research, 2217 N. Kilbourn, Chicago. CAMERAS AND PHOTO SUPPLIES - CAMERAS and supplies. Big bargain book free. Offers tremendous savings on Cameras, Lenses, Photographie Ap- paratus, etc. Still and Movie. All listed and illustrated in our new, big, complete Bargain Book. Write for your copy of this Free Book Now. Central Camera Company, 230 South уураан Avenue, Dept. J-7, Chicago, INCOME From your camera instead of expense. Low cost home course teaches you to make photographs for magazines. newspapers, advertisers. Tremendous demand, Earn good money wherever you live, Free book. Universal Photog- raphers, Dept. A, 10 West 33rd St., New York. ALL-PURPOSE Camera, enlarger, and phote-taking equipment plans are in 1935 How-To-Build-It, 146-page book of home and workshop projects. Price 50c. Modern Mechanix Publ Co., 529 S. 7th St., Minneapolis, Minn, MAKE Money in Photography. Learn quickly at home, Spare or full time. New plan. Nothing like it. Experieuce unnecessary. American School of Pho- tography, Dept. 2046, 3601 Michigan Avenue, Chicago. CARTOONING CARTOONING Course—30 Lessons, 500 illustrations with drawing pens and pencils. $1.00 complete. Scoveli Studios, Box 610-M, Hollywood, Calif. CARTOONISTS! Draw, sell color caricatures. Illustrated lessons 25c. Garry, 173 Richmond Rd., New Dorp, Staten Island. CHALK TALKS LAUGH Producing Program, $1.00. Catalog free. Balda Art Service, Dept. 65, Oshkosh, Wis. COMICS for chalk talks $1.00, Sanden, 716 21st, Bellingham, Wash. Goodall, Box 1592-P, San CHEMISTS! Improved cork-borer s t 35c. Steinway Laboratories, 90 Green- wood, Boston. CHEMICALS. Lowest prices. Cata- log, $.10. Leonard Holman, East Pal- estine, Ohio. DETECTIVES BECOME a Successful Detective, Ex- perience unnecessary. Detective Paper and Particulars FREE. National Sys- tem, Box 425-D, Fremont, Nebraska. DETECTIVES. Make Secret Investi- gations. Experience unnecessary. De- tective Particulars free. Write, George Wagner, 2640-V Broadway, N. Y. BE A Detective. Make secret investi- gations, Experience unnecessary. Write United Detective System, 1623 W. Grand, Chicago. DOG TRAINING DOG Training Textbook—80 Entertain- ing tricks with instructions in chedience, guarding, etc, 224 pages, illustrated. $1.50. Scovel! Publishers, Box 610-M, Hollywood, Calif, DUPLICATORS INCREASE Business. “Excellograph” Rotary Stencil, Clay, and Film Duplica- tors $3.85 to $37.50. Prints anything typewritten, penned, drawn, traced. Colors, Folder Free. Pittsburgh Type- writer Supply, Suite 519, Pittsburgh. Pa. DUPLICATORS. Cost 75c to make. Instructions 25c. Magee, 7301 Wal- nut, Kansas City, Mo. EDUCATIONAL AND INSTRUCTION . WANTED Immediately, Men-Women, age 18 to 50, qualify for next eligibility test for steady Government Jobs; com- mence $105-$175 month. Common edu- cation, paid vacations, pension. Valu- able information from our Civil Service Expert mailed Free. Write Instruction Bureau, 234, St. Louis, Mo.. Today. MEN WANTED—Learn Tool aud Die Making. Automatic Screw Mach. Machinist Trade. Big Demand. Ac- tual Experience. Expert Supervision. Write for FREE Book "M." АШ Screw Machine Co., Inc., School Div. 603-9 Lake St., Chicago. WORK for "Uncle Sam", Start $105 —$175 Month. Men-women, 18-50. Early Government examinations ex- pected. List FREE. Qualify now. Write. Franklin Institute, Dept. S388, Rochester, N. Y USED Correspondence Courses and liducational Books sold or rented. In- expensive, Money-back guarantee. Write for Free Catalog Listing 4000 bargains. (Courses Bought). Lee Mountain, Pis- fah, Alabama. PIANO—“Chord Chart" and Instruc- tions Quickly Show You How to Play Practically Any Chord. Easy, Simple, Guaranteed, 25c. Huf Studio, 61214 South, Warren, Ohio. CHECK — Figure System, addition, multiplication, division 25c. Absolute proof. Chappell, 5302-M, Ellis, Chicazo. LEARN Watch Repairing. Corre- spondence Course $34.95. Midwest, 1571 West Central, Toledo, Ohio. 137

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ELECTRIC REFRIGERATION BUILD your own electric refrigerator —or build for profit. Low cost. New Manual explains theory, construction, оретаноп, source of supplies. 40 illus- $1.00, postpaid. L. K. Wright, ‚ 5 West 63 Street, New York ELECTRIGAL EXPERIMENTS ELECTRICAL Experimental Labora- tory Kit— Contains alternating genera- tor—small motor — microphone — trans- former— polarized relay — condensers— electroplating chemical—carbons—elec- tro markets, ctc. Contains 25 pieces commercial apparatus — weight 16 pounds. Laboratory makes arc fur- naces, secret detectaphone, search light, extension telephone, generates electric- ity, etc. Complete instructions. Edu- cational, fascinating, useful. Original cost $17. 75. Special bargain, $2.79. Other bargains, Stamp for catalog. Electrical Salvage Company, Box 524-4, Lincoln, Nebraska. ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES INSULATION, Wire, varnishes, sup- plies, etc. Send 3c stamp for bulletin. Auto Power, 412 S. Hoyne Ave., Chi- camo. FARM LIGHT PLANTS BUILD your own Electric Plant cheap. With washer engine, automobile gen- erator without rewinding. Operates lights, washer, refrigerator perfectly. 67c monthly. Complete simple instruc- tions, catalog, circulars, $1.00, Battery Laboratories, St. Paul, Minn. FINGER PRINTS FINGER Print Outfit $2; Professional, in Wooden Case $3. American System, 219-F West 100th St., N. Y. FISHING SUPPLIES FISH Bite Like Hungry Wolves with my amazing dough balls. Send only $1.00 for secret formula, alarm bell included FREE. BAER, 5907 Mag- nolia, Chicago. FOR INVENTORS INVENTORS: Send immediately for your copies of our new Free books, “Patent Protection’ and “Suggestions on Selling an Invention". Sixty-eight pages of interesting facts. They tell how Patent Laws protect you; kind of sketch or model needed; simple steps to take without cost; how successful inven- tors have secured financial assistance; show interesting inventions; illustrate important mechanical movements. With hooks we also send Free Evidence of Invention form to help establish date of disclosure. Prompt service, reasonable fees, special deferred payment plan. Strictest secrecy. Thirty-six years’ experience. Highest references. Write us today. The facts in our books are worth money to the man with a good invention. Address: Victor. J. Evans & Co., Registered Patent Attorneys, Tu Victor Building, Washington, SPARE-TIME PROFITS. Do you feel you have a valuable invention—but can’t get it before the right people? Are you groping in the dark—wondering which way to turn—getting nowhere? Learn how other men with inventions have cashed in. Write for my FREE Book “Patent Guide for the Inventor" which tells you of fields where inven- tions earn big money if they are good patented ones. Clarence A. O'Brien. Registered Patent Attorney, 28-X, Adams Building. Washington. D. C. INVENTORS—Sell your before patenting. Free Write W. T. Greene, Building, Washington, D. C. 138 inventions particulars. 942 Barrister ' ‚ Wash. Thank You for Mentioning Moderm Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for INVENTORS: This is no misleading comeon advertisement. $1.00 buys au- thentic triple service. (1) Complete protection without costly patenting, papers furnished. (2) List of manu- facturers immediately interested in your particular invention. (3) Technical ad- vice any engineering problem. G. Nolph & Co., Business Service Division, Punxsutawney, Pa. INVENTORS—End your depression— Our manufacturer-clients want your in- ventions, patented or unpatented. Com- plete invention service. Write imme- diately. Time Is Cash. Ideas Asso ciated Box 216M, Torrington, Conn. OUR manufacturer-clients now want additional improved inventions, patented or unpatented. What have your Char- tered Institute, Dept. 5F, Barrister Building, Washington, D. C INVENTIONS—patented, unpatented. Bought outright, royalty. Write Arel- lano-Power Company, 160 North La- Salle St., Chicago, Ill. FORMULAS MAKE PENETRATING OIL. Few cents gallon. Sell garages. 200-800% profit, Formula one dollar. J. В. Condra, La Porte. Indiana, SUCCEED With Your Products. Learn how. Formulas. Processes. Analyti- cal Service. Catalog free. A. Thaxly Co., Washington, D. C SAWDUST, chemicals makes Marble floors. Directions $1.00. Universal Supply Co., 777 Boulevard, Bayonne, ICELESS ICE! Cleaner! Cheaper. With ten others, 25c. Duffy-Co., Cov- ington, Ky. FORMULAS—All kinds. Guaranteed. Catalog Free. Kemico, 67, Parkridge, Illinois. FORMULAS—Interesting Literature Free. D-Belfort, 4042 N. Keeler, Chi- cago, 100 AUTO. home, specialty a formulas 40c. Allied. 2217 N. Kilbourn, Chicago. HELP WANTED WE Purchase All Indianhead Pennies. Price range 5c—$55.00. Purchasing catalogues—10c. Photonumismatic, 100 Forsyth, New York. HYPNOTISM HYPNOTIZE Instantaneously! Learn how! Instructions 23c. Lonk Institute Hypnotism, D-1313, Palatine, Illinois. INVENTIONS INVENTIONS now salable before pat- enting. Safe, practical, For informa- tion, write Chartered Institute, Dept. С. а Building, Washington, INVENTIONS are the source of wealth and independence. What have you? Write National Service Bureau, Dept. H., St. Louis, Mo. INVENTIONS Commercialized, Pat- ented or unpatented. Write Adam Fisher Company, 582 Enright, St. Louis. Mo. SENSATIONAL Card Trick of the Year. Fools the wise ones. i0c. Mickere Specialties, Wyoming, Pa. ESCAPE from handcuffs, vaults, trunks, ropes, etc. Instructions, 50c. Prince, Box 601, Sioux City, Iowa. 125 Card Tricks, 25c, Spelzer's, 417 Altamont Ave., Schenectady, N. Y. MALE HELP WANTED MEN WANTED at once to call on stores with newest line self-selling 5c and 10c necessities. Strong, original counter displays. Aspirin, Mercuro- chrome, razor blades, household cement, etc. Automatic sellers, Many new items. Up to 125% profit, Big catalog Free. Procopax, Dept. 95-LD, 1956 5. Troy, Chicago. OUALIFY and apply for Gasoline Station Positions, Manager, Gasoline Truck Driver, Lubrication Expert, etc., Men for replacements and new stations. Salary or commission. Write Filling Station Management Bureau, 1309 P Street N. W., Washington, D. C. LOCAL Agents wanted to wear and demonstrate Free Suits to friends. No canvassing. Up to $12 in a day easy. Experience unnecessary. Valuable den- onstrating equipment, actual samples Free. Progress Tailoring, Dept. U-219, 500 Throop, Chicago. "HANDS UP!" “Mystery” Trouser Belt defies theives, conceals and protects money and valuables. М№о betraying zipper. Absolutely new. Sensational profits. Free sample offer. Ilalvorsen, 605 W. Washington, Dept. F-84, Chi- cago. WANTED: Names of Men Desirinz Outdoor Jobs; $1,700-$2,400 year. Pa- trol parks; protect game. Write imme- diately for details. Modern Institute, M-32, Denver, Colorado. RAISE Canaries. Easy. Pleasant. Bring five—fifteen dollars each. We in- struct you, buy output. Full particu- lars, dime. Crimmins, 3741 60 Street, Woodside, New York. FOREST JOBS available $125-$175 month. Cabin, Hunt, trap, patrol. Qualify immediately. Write Rayson Service, B-32, Denver, Colo. MALE & FEMALE HELP WANTED EARN Quick Cash Raising Mushr»oms in cellar, shed, attic. We buy crops. Guaranteed materials furnished. Easy, Odorless method. Book Free. United, 3848—4.51 Lincoln Ave., Chicago. MALE—INSTRUCTION DETECTIVES. Work home or travel. Experience unnecessary. Write, Ameri- can Detective Institute, 2640-T Broad- way, N. Y. MICROSCOPES AMATEUR MICROSCOPISTS make vour own slides write for our price list Of specimens, sections, stains, glassware and instruments. Amateur Supply Service, Dept. M., Box 114 South Chi- cago Station, Chicago. MISCELLANEOUS SMALL Inventions wanted. A. Hull. 7829 Euclid Avenue. Cleveland, Ohio. MACHINERY, TOOLS AND SUPPLIES BANKRUPT STOCKS! plies, tools, specialties, merchandise. Nichrome Wire. List 10c. Kostka, 2358-U South Crawford. Chicago. MAGIC TRICKS & NOVELTIES BIG catalog; magic, stamps, formulas, tricks, mystery. 25е, Price refunded first order! Becker, 300P Graham Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. Shop sup- LEARN placer mining with real gold bearing sand from Colorado fields. Sam- ple with panning instructions fifty cents postpaid. Maffet Electric Co., La Junta, Colorado. HOW to Reproduce Photos, Drawings, etc., Without Camera, Cheap, Easy Method. 50c. Coin. P. J. Bender, 492 Manitoba Ave.. Winnipeg, Canada. INK—Blue—Black. Powdered form. Enough for quart 25c. Pint 20c. 4 ounces 15c. Red vr green 20c pint. H. H. Walker. Comstock, Texas. REVERSE Friend’s Vest, Without Re- moving His Coat. A Good Parlor Trick! Instructions 10c. E. Sprague, Everson, | Rule or TRIANGLE Chart Solves Triangles hy Inspection. Fester than the Slide Trigonometry, 15e (coins). P. O. Box 764, Detroit, Mich. July When Writing to Advertisers

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CASH paid for discarded cellophane. Instructions 25c. К. S. Grimes, 125 Lime St. Findlay, Ohio. TREASURE Buried, Send for free lit- erature, Photographs, Fisher, Palmer Building, Hollywood. GREAT STRENGTH Yours! Com: plete course, 50c. RLD, Box 53, Vader, Washington. WIIERE to buy anything sold. 10c. 1049 Laurel, Bowling Green, Ky. MODELS & MODEL SUPPLIES Evraymesco, 28 No. Clinton, Chicago. YOUR Ideas developed into practical working model. 30 years successful experience; thousands satisfied custom- ers. Confidential service guaranteed. Bank references. Send 3c postage for 32 page book “Making Inventions Pay." Crescent Tool Company, Dept. T. Cin- cinnati, Ohio. MOTION PICTURES MAKE your projector talk by attach- ing sound-on-film Equipment, $75, up. Truetone Sound Service, 46-53 11th St., Long Island City, N. Y. MOTION PICTURE Cameras, Pro- jectors, Film Library, Bought, Sold, Ex- changed. Catalog. Mogull’s, 1944-G Boston Road, №. Y. C. MOTORCYCLES of Information, listing new and used parts, for Indian, Harley, Henderson, Excelsior, Accessories at cut prices. INDIAN, 622 E. Grand, Des Moines, Iowa. MOTORCYCLE bargains, lowest prices, bargain sheets for stamp. Motor- cycle accessories. Rochester Harley Davidson Corp., 129 West Main St., Rochester, N. Y. SEND 15c for illustrated used Motor- cycle catalog. Large stock. Bargains. Indian parts. Accessories. Indian Mo- torcycle Sales, Kansas City, Missouri. MOTOR WINDING DATA WINDING DATA, 100 AC motors, various horsepower and voltage. $1.00. Motor Data Service, 3002 Monroe, Kansas City, Missouri. MUSHROOM GROWING GROW Mushrooms Right Now — A steady income—in cellar, shed or stable. Exclusive new process. Bigger, better, quicker crops—more money for you! We buy. Book free. American Mush- рош Industries, Dept. 318, Toronto, nt. OLD GOLD WANTED $35 PER Ounce for gold teeth, watches, jewelry (less small handling charge). Cash mailed day shipment received. Satisfaction guaranteed or articles cheerfully returned. Licensed by United States Government. tion free, Chicago Gold Smelting & Re- fining Co, 300-C, Champlain Bldg. Chicago. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers OLD MONEY WANTED $5.00 to $500.00 EACH paid for Old Coins. Keep all old money. Get posted. Send 10 cents for Illustrated Coin Value Book, 4x6. Guaranteed Buying and Selling Prices. Coin Exchange, Box 18, Le Roy, N. Y. PATENT ATTORNEYS INVENTORS: your copies of our Send immediately foi new Free books, pages of interesting facts. They tell how Patent Laws protect you; kind of Sketch or model needed; simple steps to take without cost; how successful inven- tors have secured financial assistance; Show interesting inventions; illustrate important mechanical movements. With books we also send Free Evidence of Invention form to help establish date of disclosure, Prompt service, reasonable fees, special deferred payment plan. Strictest secrecy. Thirty-six years’ experience. Ilighest references. Write us today. The facts in our books are worth money to the man with a good invention. Address: Victor J. Evans Co., Registered Patent Attorneys, 420-H Victor Building, Washington, REGISTERED Patent Attorney-Con- sulting Engineer obtains patents and trademark registrations, Write for confidential advice. Z. Polachek, 1234 Broadway, New York City. INVENTIONS: patented, trade-marks secured, low rates, write to-day, Samuel Goldstein, Registered Patent Attorney. 275 Rast Gunhill Road, New York City. PATENTS PATENT For Sale. Razor, trim hair and shave No, 741,153. Patent pending, No. 781,713 and No. 11849. John Sirca, 907 A. St., San Diego, Calif. PATENTS. Booklet free. Highest references. Dest results. Reasonable fees. Watson E. Coleman, Victor Build- ing, Washington, D. C, INVENTIONS Wanted—Patented, un- patented. If vou have an idea for sale, write Hartley's, Inc. Box 928-J, Ban- gor, Maine. INVENTIONS Commercialized, Pat- ented or unpatented. Write Adam Fisher Company, 582 Enright, St. Louis, Mc PATENTS-—Reasonahle Terms. Book and advice free. L. F. Randolph, Dept. 341, Washington, D. C. PERSONAL A NEW BOOK “The Secret Place" by Famous Radio Evangelist “Happy, Jack Б Smith’. Power, Success, Happiness. 25cts, 3ct stamp. Box 71, Stoneham, Mass. DO you want health, happiness, and prosperity? Write, Individual Effi- ciency Service, Box 653, Hollywood, California. PHOTO DEVELOPING JUST published! Newest methods for developing, printing, reduction, intensi- fying. Money saving suggestions and money making ideas out of photos. 16 pages present inside professional theo- ries and ideas that are against you. Only 25c postpaid. 25c coupon enclosed with order. today! Winn Co.. Dept. West 23 St., New York. PHOTOGRAPHERS: Beautiful Prints Made in Any Color by Remarkable Process. Sensitize Your Own Paper. No Expensive Silver Salts. Complete Easy to Follow Instructions 25c. Dono- van, 647 Warburton, Yonkers, N. Y. redemption Send 25c 207P, 124 ROLL DEVELOPED. Eight perfect prints, and two beautiful double-weight professional enlargements, 25c. Bark- ley Studios, 287. Broadway, New York. FILMS DEVELOPED. 25c Coin. Two 5x7 Enlargements, 8 High Gloss Never Fade Prints. Club Photo Service, La Crosse, Wis. ROLLS DEVELOPED. Two enlarge- ments 8 guaranteed prints expertly finished, 25c. Electric Studios, Dept. B. Eau Claire, Wis, FILMS Developed and Printed. Trial roll 25c. Feather Film Finish, Weston, aio. ROLL Developed, 8 prints 25c, Tom- mie’s, 200 W. Ocean, Long Beach, Calif. PHOTO FINISHING ROLL Developed, 8 prints, oil painted enlargement, also valuable coupon on 8x10 hand-painted enlargement, 25c. Quick Service. Guaranteed work. In- dividual attention to each picture. Janesville Film Service, A-48, Janes- ville, Wis. FILMS developed 5c per roll; prints 3c each. Ask for Special Bargain List. Roanoke Photo Finishing Company, 159 Bell Avenue, Roanoke, Va. PIANO TUNING TUNE Your Own Piano—Simplitied in- struction hook and necessary tools, com- plete for $4.95. Ed. M. Ross, Mans- field, Pa. PRINTING 500 Letterheads only $1.75. Bond, watermarked paper. 500 Envelopes, Billheads, Statements same price. 1,000 Business cards $1.75, Best quality-— Fine workmanship. Postage prepaid. Cash with order. Moart Company, 303 First St., Albany, N. Y. PRINT your own cards, stationery, circulars, advertising, etc. Save money. Easy rules furnished. Print for others, big profits. presses, $11; power, $149. details. Kelsey Co., 5-57, Conn. 500 WATERMARKED Bond standard size letterheads, envelopes, billheads, statements $1.75. 1000 Cards $1.40. Illustrations. Bradshaw, 3214 Huron, Chicago. ANYTHING printed in any quantity in any color. Samples free. Okay Printing Company, Dept. B, Martius Ferry, Ohio. 500 BOND Letterheads, Meriden, Envelopes, Statements. Each $2.00 Prepaid. Cash with order, Interstate, Bethany, Mis- souri. 2,000 Business Cards Neatly Printed $1.50. Atlas Distributing Co., 1814 Bedford Ave., Pittsbungh. Pa. RABBITS MONEY In Rabbits. Marketing Mag- azine tells how. Yearly 25c. 3 months 10c. Stahl, Box 5. New City, N. Y. RADIO RADIOS $1.00, Auto $15.00, Cata- logues. Ballards Radio Co., Sepulpa, Okla. RADIO AND TELEGRAPHY БТ рн е ce et ER or RADIO Engineering, broadcasting, aviation and police radio, Servicing, Marine and Morse 'Telegraphy taught thoroughly. All expenses low. Catalog free. Dodge's Institute, King St., Val- paraiso, Ind. 139

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RADIO SETS AND SUPPLIES DON’T Be A Job Hunter—Start your TRAILERS AUTO Radio Noise Eliminated. Spe- cial filter, easily installed. Agents $2.00 postpaid. State Radio Service, P-2002 State Street, Chicago. REPAIR burnt-out Radio tubes. All types. Simple instructions $1.00, Duck Manufacturing Co., Freeport, Ill. REAL ESTATE OZARKS—Five acres timbered river frontage, fishing, boating, pearling, shooting—$100, $5.00 monthly. Hub- рага, 224 Grossman Bldg., Kansas City, Kans. ROOTS AND HERBS SEND for this amazing new ‘‘Herbalist Almanac". Interesting! Instructive! Educationall Contains hundreds tested recipes for old-fashioned home remedies, salves and herb teas. Beautiful natural colored illustrations herbs and plants. Weather forecasts, When to plant and harvest. Best fishing days and baits. Recipes for cooking and baking. Weights and measures. Signs of the moon. Historical events. Valuable in- formation on poultry and building. Many other great features. Only 10c postpaid. Write today! ^ Bontanics, 145 West 112th St., Chicago. "NATURE'S Herbal Remedies" (118 pages; illustrated), 20c. Bluegrass Bureau, M-7, Newport, Ky. WANTED-— Common weeds by steady buyers! Details 10c. International Agency, M-7, Cincinnati. RUBBER STAMPS NAME and Address 25c per line. Pads 25c. Box 404 Coeur d Alene, Idaho. SALESMEN WANTED SALESMEN. Get Monopoly on Carded Goods Sales. 25c Brings Full Details. Refunded if Tried and Not Successful. Not for Sale in Northeastern Ohio. Jones Distributors, 3412 Livingston, l.orain, Ohio. Debunking Poison Gas War Scares own business on our capital. No hard times; no lay-offs; always your own boss. Hundreds average $3,000 to $5,000 annual sales year after year. We supply stocks. equipment on credit. 200 home necessities. Selling experience un- necessaty. Wonderful opportunity to own pleasant, dignified, profitable busi- ness backed by world wide industry. Write Rawleigh, Dept. G-U-MOM, Freeport, Ill. PENNY EACH. Mirror Finished. Non-Tarnishable Window Sign Letters. Enormous Profits. Easily Applied. New Styles. FREE SAMPLES. At- las, 7941-G Halsted, Chicago. SEEDS, FLOWERS AND PLANTS SEEDS, Flowers and Plants. Be lieve or Not! Curio Grows 20 minutes. Called Resurrection Plant. 15c each, 3 for 40c. Quantity Limited, Hurry! Jack Rapport, 1550 E. 49th Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. SHOP KINKS 1935 HANDY Man's Home Manual. Send 50c to Modern Mechanix and 1n- ventions, 529 S. Seventh St. Minne- apolis, Minn. SONGWRITERS SUCCESSFUL Songwriters receive large financial returns. Send for free booklet “How To Write Songs” by famous Broadway composer. Song- writers Institute, 330D Wadsworth Ave., New York. TELESCOPES “WANDERER” Cabin Trailer plans are in 1935 Handy Man’s Home Man- ual, 146 page book chock full of auto, radio, workshop, home, and garden proj- ects and handikinks, sent postpaid for 50c. Modern Mechanix Publishing Co., 529 So. 7th St, Minneapolis. Minn. BUILD house trailer for four. Light and compact Weight only 850 Ibs. Simple. inexpensive to build. Send 25c coin for blueprint and description. Kom- pak Trailer Company, Box 304, Flint, Michigan. TREASURE FINDERS LOCATE Gold, Silver, Oil. 20 scien- tific ways in 150 page illustrated book on Modern Treasure Hunting. Included Free are two latest Radio Treasure Finding Plans, and $3 value famous Mineral Rods, all for $3. Enclose $1.00 on C.O.D, orders. Pacific Artcraft Co., 204-E, San Bruno, Calif. VENTRILOQUISTS LEARN Ventriloquism by mail; small cost, 3c stamp brings particulars. Geo. W. Smith, 125 North Jefferson, Room $-628, Peoria. Tl. WELDING DODGE GENERATOR makes 150 Amp Welder. No special parts needed. Blueprints $1.00. S. Dunn, Box 214 Middletown, Ohio. ARC-WELDERS, Instructions, draw- ings for three types, 50c coin. Hildman Engineering, 459 Irvin Ave. ., Rochester enna. AMATEUR TELESCOPE MAKERS —Free instructions—lens grinding and telescope making. Bowman Telescope and Supply, C-1 Centropolis Station, о. oy TOYS TOYMAKERS. Complete blueprints. “Seven Popular Toys," 30c postpaid. Weesho-Uco, B51-MK, Detroit, Mich. ARC-WELDING Outfit $1.25. Weld fenders, braze, solder. Lavrow, 4368-W, Warren, Detroit. Stamp appreciated. WIND ELECTRIC LIGHTS ELECTRIC LIGHTS—Wind Driven. You build them. Simple direct drive. Automatic control. Copyrighted blue- prints. Write. Wind Motor Electric, Ridgway. Montana. world’s leading powers. In Europe danger [Continued from page 131] “gassing of cities and civilians,” according to the experts of the Chemical Warfare Service, is that, as yet, no aerial gas attacks have ever been made. There were none whatever dur- ing the World War. In addition to overcom- ing such defenses against air raids as aircraft guns, attacking planes, smoke screens and dirigibles, it is absolutely essential, in launch- ing a successful gas attack, to have almost ideal conditions of wind and weather. Night time affords the most desirable con- ditions for a gas attack. During the night or in the early morning hours, strong winds and ascending air currents are at a minimum. Foggy and cloudy weather are advantageous in keeping the gas on the ground. Heavy rain almost always washes out the destruc- tive effect of poisonous vapors, while woods, grasses, bushes, trees and buildings serve to retard their movements. Aerial Gas Attacks Unlikely All these things point to one rather obvious fact and that is—most aerial gas attacks are doomed to failure. Where civilian popula- tions are concerned, training of every man, woman and child is urged by most of the 140 Thank You for Meutioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for from gas attacks is considerably greater than in our section of the world. There great and powerful states, regarding each other dis- trustfully have more reason to be fearful of sudden aerial gas attacks. Here, on the other hand, we have peaceful neighbors on the north and south and oceans on the east and west. It is not surprising therefore that in the great centers of Europe the public is taught protection against all types of poison gas. Especially devised masks and suits are being tried out on a large scale. In Berlin and other great national centers, enormous underground tunnel networks have been constructed to which the civilians may retire, not only from T gas attacks but from aerial bombing as well. In this country there is little occasion for preparation, the Chemical Warfare Service contends. Certainly there is no reason for alarm about our cities being wiped out by a gas attack from enemy planes. In the first place thousands of planes would be necessary to accomplish the attack. And, in the second place, from a military standpoint an aerial onslaught of this sort would be of questionable value. July When Writing to Advertisers

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Uncle Sam Fights Black Blizzards [Continued from page 60] Kansas actual measurements showed that from 40 to 80 tons of soil per acre were blown from the land in recent storms. A pan of water placed in the open showed that three and a quarter tons per acre had been dropped. “There are two reasons for dust storms,” H. H. Bennett, director of the Federal Soil Erosion Service, explained. “One is the ter- rific wind while the other is loose soil, caused partly by drouth and partly by improper farming methods. Continued planting of wheat, alfalfa and other deep-rooted plants has depleted the stored moisture of the top soil to such an extent that when drouths occur there is insufficient moisture for a crop.” Dust Turns Day Into Night Not only was the dust storm of March, 1935 the greatest in our history, but it presented many peculiar, devastating and dangerous features. The scourge of the West and Southwest turned day into night for an entire week in farms and towns of Kansas, Ne- braska, Oklahoma and Colorado. Blanketing Missouri and fertile Kansas, it reached as far as Washington, D. C., where it fogged the nation’s capital. Dr. A. C. Fay, bacteriologist at Kansas State college, pointed out that dust storms carry a serious threat to health. He found that a plate of glass exposed 10 times during one storm collected 70,000 dust particles per square foot for each moment of exposure. Of this number, 24,000 carried bacteria. To combat dust storms Governor A. M. Landon of Kansas suggests plowing furrows at right angles to the prevailing prairie winds so that the winds will be encouraged to drop their loads of precious top soil Experts at the various experimental stations in the stricken areas already are testing this plan. Plans Outlined to Save Soil Lake and pond digging to conserve water is advocated in Oklahoma by Governor E. W. Marland and is being sponsored by relief units in various Great Plains states. A plan for general contouring of abandoned farms and wide row planting of sorghum to hold the soil and moisture is being introduced in Texas by H. H. Finnell, director of wind erosion control. Tillage to roughen the surface of bared fields and bring heavy clods of clay subsoil to the surface to halt wind erosion, pending more permanent measures, is sponsored by the Federal Soil Erosion Service. To carry on these plans of battle a vast army of 116,000 CCC recruits already have taken up arms in the greatest peace-time warfare America has ever fought against that arch- enemy—the Black Blizzard. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers B. S. DEGREE at one of America’s most distinguished, most thorough institutions. Founded 1903. Unique experimental laboratories. Faculty of Specialists. Widely endorsed by Elec- trical Industry. SPECIALIZED COURSES—Complete in Ore Year. RADIG-TELEVISION—Sound Amplification, A thorough ap- proved course leading to Government Transmission Licenses. AiR CONDITIONING-ELECTRICAL REFRIGERATION—New field offers unusual opportunities for properly trained men. ELECTRIC ARC WELDING ENGINEERING—A new profession needing specialists, Thoroughly taught, covering all phases under actual working conditions, COMMERCIAL ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING — Fascinating prosperous new branch of the great electrical profession. EARN LIVING EXPENSES. Many students earn the larger part of their living expeuses, SCHOLARSHIP LOAN FUND for those who need help. Radie Broadcasting over WISN. Intercollegiate and Intermural Athletics, Successful graduates in all parts of the world, CATALOG FREE. Write today for bulletin, state age, educa- tion and course interested in, чылы MIL WA LI К E E ee бсноу е of ENGINEERING istituto of Eleciroted MM 735-A Broadway and E. State, Milwaukee, Wis. Glazed Pottery Made Without Molds Make beautiful, colored, glazed concrete pottery. à No experience needed. Complete plants using no j molds, power or costly tools, making 2,500 designs a piza paths. vases, Des cost less an ane mold D 50 old methods. se only sand and cement. EE ic Daily Money making business. Book, color plate, ete., 10е, NATIONAL POTTERIES COMPANY 424 Second Ave. South, Room 26, Minneapolis Minnesota, Make v winning sailboat ina few hours. Hull already shaped and hollowed. Only a little work and she's ready to launch! Instruc- tions and all parts furnished. 25е and up. Buy st dealer or send money- order for 1*solid hull kit, 25c; L5" hollow hull kr, $1.0; 22° hollow hull We $2.50, Seat prepaid -STATE COLLEGE B. S. Degree in 2 years. World famous for technical 2-year courses in Civil, Electrical, Mechanical, Chemical, Radio, A Aeronautical Engineering; Business Administration and Accounting. Equivalent in technical hours to 4-year course. Those who lack high school may make up work, Low tuition. Low living costs, Located in picturesque hill and lake region. Students from every state and many foreign countries, 52nd year, Enter Sept, Jan., March and June. Write for catalog. 675 COLLEGE AVE., ANGOLA, IND. AT HO ME Youcan learn by our modern and orig- inal system of instruction every part of the Watch Repairing Trado at home as good or better thanat © а shop. You сап earn money while learning and se- 3 cure a well paying position or start in business after completing our course of instruction. Good 4 watch repairers are always in demand and earn very good salaries. For particulars apply to the = „MILWAUKEE SCHOOL OF WATCH REPAIRING 524 E. MASON ST. Dept. C MILWAUMEE, WIS. мї

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INVENTIONS WANTED! Patented or Unpatented This amazing new Book, Inventors’ Sell- ing Guide, tells how to make money wlth patented or unpatented ideas. In- cludes names and addresses of nearly 1000 manufacturers actively 1n the market for = ideas. ‘Tells how inventors may protect their ideas for small sums, where and how to turn inventions into cash, etc. Book covers Proved Methods of Selling, Finding Buyers, Royalty Contracts, Legal Pitfalls, Financing, Gyp Schemes to Avoid, Patent Office Methods, aud many other vltal toples. A complete encyclopedia for the inventor, wrltten by Raymond Francis Yates, who has helped over 30,000 in- ventors, 926 pages, fabric blnding—imailed postpaid for only $2. (Or, (.5,D., $2.12.) Money-back guarantee. FREE LIST OF NEEDED | INVENTIONS offering big opportunities to Inventors, and full details ; of book mailed on request. Tiree other big books for inventors: Protecting and Selling Unpatented Javentlons—Edison’s Socrets of How to Invent—!60 Million-Dollai {Аваз for Inventors. 30 Cents each, or all three for $1. DONLEY PUBL. CO., 509 Fifth Ave., Dept. M7, New York, N. Y. : j, NEED MONEY ? Write for free booklet describing “87 Plans for 4 Operating a Successful Business of Your Own", 77 Make from $20 to $100 а week starting in spare E time at home. No peddling or house-to-house selling. Booklet sent free, and without obligation. Write for your copy today. ELITE PUBLISHING CO. С 214 Grand St. . New York, N. Y. Dept. ENGINEERING dM N TWO YEARS E B.S. Degree in Electrical, Civil, Chemical, Radio, н Mechanical ог Aeronautical Engineering in two years. N Located in an industrial center with that Engineer- NN ing atmosphere. Earn hoard, Low tuition. Preparatory WW Department, Enter June, Sept., Dee., Mar. Catalog. INDIANA TECHNICAL COLLEGE 240 East Washington St., Fort Wayne, Indiana written by a Former Member of the Examining Corps (1922-241) of the U, 5, Patent Office. If you Want to profit by your idea. you should take steps to apply for a U. S. Patent at once, Your first step is to get this Free Book. This interesting illustrated book contains viiuable information you should have. It tells you fully how 10 obtain a patent on your idea in the quickest way, With this Free Book you will also receive a “Record of Invention” form on which you can easily record your idea. Personal and Contidential Service: Your Case will be personally han- died only by a Registered Patent Attorney who is also a Former Member of the Exam- ining Corps of the U, S, Pateni Olfice. ATL vommunmiecations will be strictly confidential. MAIL COUPON TODAY FOR FREE PATENT . ы HEMHNEHENHNENNENHHENNEESENN 142 m ий M 1638 Woolworth Bidg., Dept. 75B, New York City @ Miller Building, Dept. 75B, Washington, D. C. H a Please send me your Free Book, “How to Obtain a Patent,” | Шо and "Record of Invention” form. a L| m к Е ! ш NAME 2...0... ононеро вое ооное атаве она вано таноо EE | n А ш ш cO PBESS ....... ee О ОО О О -H Big Money Awaits Lucky Inventors [Continued from page 81] to the low-priced clip chains now being sold. What is needed is a clip that can be slipped quickly around a wheel. It should be ad- justable to tires`of different diameters. Most breakfast foods and other packaged commodities are being sold in wax paper and cellophane wrappings. What is needed is a method of placing the paper to permit easy removal. Another needed invention for furniture is a caster suspended on a single ball bearing. A pants-hanger which would grip the trou- ser legs under the cuffs and prevent their fall- ing would be a winner. A hand mechanism driven by friction alone and designed to remove varnish when rolled over fiat surfaces is needed. Who can bend a paper clip in such a way that it will not have to be turned around to be used? In short, the clip should be avail- able for immediate application regardless of its position. A truly universal clip would bring its inventor $50,000 a year. The inventor who will earn fabulous sums will be the man clever enough to make up a low-priced electric utensil heater which can fit in the bottom of a tea or coffee pot. Teach Your Dog These Tricks [Continued from page 135] some time, because of the tremendous strain on the muscles of his back and legs. While in the upright position he should be com- manded to walk, by gently leading him a few feet. With bits of meat, coax him in circles, commanding “waltz.” Gradually reduce the size of the circles, until he acquires a short turn around, or waltz. Periods of rest should be frequent, and rewards generous. Rarely ever does one see a dog that has been taught to back up. This is an apparently clever trick to watch, and sometimes may be considered practical. Prepare a movable partition, preferably of wall board about six feet long and three feet high. Hold it just far enough from a wall to permit the dog to stand comfortably between board and wall, facing you, but do not leave enough room for him to turn around. Command the dog to “back up,” lightly stepping on his toes. Control him so that he does not suddenly jump over the partition, and reward when he completes the trick. A little patience and repetition will make him perfect. Any questions which readers may have concerning the care and training of their dog will be gladly answered free of charge by Mr. Craig, author of this article. Address him in care of Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine, Minneapolis, Minn., being sure to enclose a stanvped, self-addressed envelope. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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Furnaces Cool Modern Home [Continued from page 65] itinerant disease germs. There is ionization by cosmic rays from space, from radio-active minerals in the earth, and there is ultra- violet light from the sun. “In the big cities, especially indoors, these natural conditions no longer exist,” he said. Ozone is missing, ultra violet rays are filtered out of the sunlight by smoke, and the ioniza- tion is reduced, especially indoors, by the respiration of occupants of a room. “Many believe that stuffiness and lack of vitality in indoor air are caused mostly by the destruction of the electrical ions which exist in pure air.” Furnaces Now Wash Air While scientists experiment with “super- air,” engineers are making constant improve- ments in air-conditioning apparatus, particu- larly for the home. “Weather rooms" are becoming part of the modern house. The old hot air furnace is being revamped to serve as a year-’round air conditioner. In one popular conversion an electric fan in the furnace circulates filtered, washed air through the entire house at all times of the year. In most homes, surnmer cooling can never be as efficient as heating without the use of refrigerating equipment. Where homes have cool basements, however, a forced air system will give greater comfort, the mere move- ment of the cooler air through the house being enough to improve the humidity. Air Conditioner Buying Tips In an endeavor to take the guess work out of home air conditioning, the Society of Air Conditioning Engineers has prepared a set of questions which the home owner should ask before purchasing any air conditioning equipment. They are: 1. Will the apparatus heat the air in my room or building to a temperature of seventy degrees Fahrenheit when the outside tem- perature is zero? 2. Will it maintain a relative humidity of forty per cent at all times during the heating season? 3. Will the air introduced or discharged by the system be clean, containing not over 2,500 dust particles per cubic foot of air with a magnification of 100 diameters? 4, Will the equipment cool the air at all times during hot weather so that the tem- perature indoors is not above eighty degrees Fahrenheit or the relative humidity above sixty per cent? 5. Will the air be distributed without ob- jectionable drafts to the occupants? These basic requirements, engineers de- clare, apply to any size of interior, to unit as well as to central systems. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers FASTEST GROWING TRADE DEMANDS TRAINED MEN Trained men needed. Demand for s 4 Auto-Diesel experts to service and Com in afi on operate trucks, tractors, trains, . oats, power shovels, generating A ОО р les el plants, ete., grows erery month. To qualify for good JOBS you must first become trained. Accomplish this iu a few months ai the National Schools. Qualify aa Diesel Engineer, Auto Mechanic, Auto Electrician, Battery Expert, Carbure- tor Expert, Fuel Injection Expert, Trouble Shooter, etc. Е OLDEST, LARGEST TRADE SCHOOL IN WEST Est. 1905, 30,000 graduates. Finest equip- ment—latest mode! sutus, actual Diesel Engines to work on. Expert instructors. road fare from any part of U. S. to Los Angeles. .. .. COUPON BRINGS FREE CATALOG NATIONAL тонот. SCHOOLS / 2 * Dept. 7M MA, 4000 о, Figueroa St, Los Angeles f Agg t 1 NAME m LI ! ADDRESS Course Fully Qualifies You EARN ROOM AND BOARD We assist students to obtain part time job during train- ing. We allow coach rall- In the booklets shown here, we present 68 pages of interesting facts for inven- tors and other men with ideas. Among subjects covered are: How the Patent Laws Protect You; Kind of Sketch or Model Needed; Simple Steps to Take without Cost; Deflnite Suggestions re- garding sale of Invention; Inter- esting Inventions Illustrated; 115 Mechanical Movements Shown; Il- Justrations of the Patent Office, and much more. Тһе books will be malled promptly and with- out eharge or obligation. The coupon below is for your convenience, Use It pow. VICTOR J. 521-Н. Victor Building, М ; Г Eva N S & Co. Washington, D. C. Gentlemen: Ty return mail and without charge or obligation send ma copies of your books, "Patent Protection’ and “Suggestions on Sell- ins an Invention’’. nr ——————————Ó— M sume Meme Street and No. . INVENTORS - See page 12 143 "74 It has been our busi- ‘ness for many years to help inventors secure all the patent protec- tion to which they ara [iE entitled. You may write M us in strictest confi- dence. Reasonable fees. Deferred pay- ments can usually be arranged. Branch of- fices in several isoport- nt centers. Registered Patent Attorneys,

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LEARN to DRAW TOWERTOWN STUDIOS, Dept, 709 4 520 N. Michigan Ave. Chicage, ur For Economy BUY—For Income SELL The pIFEL- GEARED PIIERENCH KIT NEW 7" and 814” Sizes-— Each with 3 instantly changeable Jaws „0; J A$50Service at the Cost of Опе Tool! ES. @ MAIL this Ad Today with your address Get FREE—7-Edge End-£-Angle Screwdrivers 101 Picture Manual of Mechanics, with (User Offer, or CDistributor Territory and Free Kit Offer. e Bea PlieRench Man, They're making $35 to $125 Weekly! AY AMERICAN PLIERCNCH CORP'N — GM 502 м. демала Ave, GHICAGO, Correspondence Courses in RADIO & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Course No, 1: u yo l cay to pnderetann Moden Mp inde, covera date, a Courae An ultra он Ае in radio, public address, photo electric work, ‘Trains you to be super-service man and real vacuum tube tachni- clan. оп 825 either course. Doferred payment plan for students. preeloboratury apparatus. «Student publication, Bhool pin. Run like a coll rite today for school cataloga, LINCOLNIENGINEERING SCHOOL, 855-3 S. 37th St, Lincoln, Nebr, TIABETICS: кена" SUGAR RELIEF In 48 HOURS after years of suffering. Now I can eat, work, and enjoy life, No costly or painful treatments. Sugar removed in easy natural way. Pleasant. Results amazing. Write for Specialist’s Free Book. Artlee Remedy Co., Dept 94, Box 1314, © à RECON YOUR WAY | ~SUCCESS/ 2-а COPY - LEARN TO ORIGINATE? SELL! Course bas 26 lessons and 600 Llustrations, Send name and address for free details, Onl RAYE BURNS SCHOOL, Dept. F-X, Box 2194, CLEVELAND, OHIO RAYE BURNS will teach you HOW to Ty" ORIGINAL CARTOONS at home that you aS 85 Oaly...- Grow fancy giant mushrooms in cellar, attic, barn. New, easy, odor- less method. We show you how, fur- nish guaranteed materials and buy crops. Valuable big book and pictures free if you write quickly. (Est. 1908.) UNITED MUSHROOM CO. 3848 Lincoln Ave., Dent. 60 Chicago The Man On the Flying Trapeze [Continued from page 43] chanic; and is also very particular as to size and condition of his net. How Ernie Lane Met Death The idea that we are safe just because we have a net beneath us is erroneous. "The net did not prevent two men I knew from being killed. There was that little Japanese acrobat in Paris, that time. He landed in the net in proper shape, but the rebound tbrew him forward on his face, with his feet in the air, and broke his back. :He was a novice; not so Ernie Lane, a top notcher and one of the Ward Flyers. We were at a dress rehearsal in Chicago, in 1922. He had missed a difficult trick. Eddie Ward, instructor and owner of the act, lost patience. us put some life into that trick," he said. Lane was standing on the pedestal board, ready to leap into a triple somersault. “PU put life into this, you big stiff!” he replied, under his breath. He shot into the air and made his three revolutions; but he didn't allow for the re- silience of the new ropes with which the old wires on the trapezes had just been replaced. He went too high, throwing the trick out of Ward's reach, He kept turning, finally land- ше on his head in the net. He died 27 hours ater. Acrobats Dread “Casting” Lane could have saved himself if he hadn’t cast. Casting is our greatest dread; for it has killed more acrobats than any other one thing. It is that horrible state in which your mind and body have ceased to function. You whirl in space, lost and helpless. If you can’t break out of a cast, and there’s only a split second in which to do it, you must take what comes. We don't know why we cast. Per- haps from worry, carelessness, or fatigue; but something snaps in two the concentration our very life depends upon. Clarke and I are the only performers doing the double full twister; Clarke and Cordona the only ones who can do a triple somersault. Three somersaults to a catcher is the limit so far. Mrs. Arbaugh catches for me in the double full twister, which is remarkable for a woman. Ordinarily, the momentum of the leaper lightens his weight; but in this trick the impact is terrific. However, she does not catch me in a trick I originated—a full twisting somer- sault that is caught by the feet. I have been with the circus for 27 years. Now and then I think í would like to try something else; but when the blue bird whistles in the spring, I’m all ready for the road again. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Méchanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers

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100 Locomotive-Power Normandie [Continued from page 29] is visible, indirect lighting fixtures of molded art glass being used to give this room a glamour and beauty never before achieved. Twenty-three elevators will move passen- gers up and down the twelve-story ship, even though there are 3,500 steps connecting the different decks. If arranged in one vast flight, these steps would reach 1800 feet into the air, half again as high as New York City’s Empire State Building. On land twelve-story buildings are ex- pected to remain perpendicular, at least while the elevators are operating. The Normandie’s special elevators will function smoothly even in rough weather. Normandie Gets Grey Flannels The muffled creak of sliding metal and wood, as well as engine room vibrations, have an- noyed ocean travelers heretofore. Fireproof, sound-absorbing grey flannel between all up- rights and in the walls of the mammoth new ship will stop these noises and permit enjoy- ment of the peace and quiet of the ocean to an extent never before possible. Truly a floating city, the Normandie can carry 2,000 passengers and a crew of over 1,300. For these there will be complete hos- pital facilities, including X-ray and radio- therapy equipment, medical and surgical clinics, and a drug store at which prescrip- tions can be filled. On overcast days, ultra- violet equipment in the different gymnasiums is ready to pinch-hit for the sun. Chickens Roasted In Flocks In the giant electrical kitchen is a range 51 feet long, taking 660 kilowatts of power from the ship’s generators to supply 56 hot plates and 32 roasting ovens. As many as 768 chickens can be roasted at one time. A small army of chefs, cooks, bakers, and assistants prepare tasty dishes to be served in the 630-place main dining room, the 180-place open air grill room, and a host of smaller dining rooms. Fifty-six lifeboats, two of which are power- ful motorboats fitted with long distance radio transmitters and designed to tow the other boats, can carry every person on board. The newly-invented Maclachlan patent davits, which lower the boats in two minutes, keeping them always on an even keel, are operated by a single lever. Failure of electric current or steam power does not affect the lifeboat equipment. For lifebuoys there is automatic throwing equipment, ready to throw from one to 12 life savers into the sea at the touch of a lever in the bridge. Commemorating the launching of her great- est liner, France has issued a special 1.50 frane blue stamp depicting the Normandie. Amazing Sensational Discovery PAYS *5 57% HOUR Kar-Nu is a new, miracle discorery—a transparent, magic-like fuid with which anyone can refinish any color automobile easily, quickly and economically without polishing, waxing, rubbing or painting. us: wipe it on with a clotht imme lately dullness, discoloration, ehabbi fi “dis ear. 12 months: GUA a Equal in Беу" а repaint or ra~ ё job which costs $25. бо to $75.0 FREE SAMPLE Enormous demand! Millions want it! W., L. Mor- n of Mase. earned $10, Be in a single bour. Sell .AR-NU to individuals, fleet owners, garages auto accessory stores, uged car dealers etc. No experience necessary. Write г FREE ва imple to prove our claims and tar ic afar, Distributora Wanted for Foreian Countries Dept. L-41, — Oakley Station, Cincinnati, Ohio GUARANTEED KAR-NU CO., MYSTERY PIG UP GO YOUR EARNINGS You'll easily sell 6 to 12 dozen MYSTERY PIGS per day. Demonstrates itself. Fascinating—laugh mysterious. The ears wiggle, the eyes blink, the snout s BUT NOT MECHANICALLY, NOT BY HUMAN AID and the longer they watch it the more curious they become and they must buy to find out what does it. You'll look no further for a seller when you see MYSTERY PIG. Trial samples 60c; 1 doz. $1.75 plus 15c postage; $18.00 per gross f.o.b. Chi 28°" NOVELTY TOY CRAFTERS Dept. 7-MM, 330 S. Franklin St., twitches and tail wa Chicago Celebrate the 4th; shoots 22 blanka only: construction and finish вате as hi-grade 9 firearms. No permit required. Е.г atart- ing races, theatricals, scaring trampe, etc. $2.00 Deposit on C. О. D'a. B SHOT D. A. Blank Revolver 22 Cul, -- menue: ‘$4.95 10 Shot D. A. Blank Revolver sum new auto, ejector; throws shella out when fired 22 Cal .48 6 Shot Blank Automatic; aitty ejector | and loader. .54.45 FREE 100 Blenks with е; Extra Ciz. БОС per 100 Catalog; Firearms, ps uns, Binceulare: Micro. and Telescopes; Send $c stamp. M. Lee Sales Co., 35 М. 32nd St., New York Comp. with comb. Rip & Cross Cut Blade, BENCH SAW онгу 3345 Most Amazing tty Ever Offered! . О. B. Chic BALKO "ELEC. MOTOR & SUPPLY C0. 12 S. Clinton St., CHICAGO, ILL. S-P-E-E-D! AUTO RACING BOOK E Whole book brand new. Working draw- ings, pietures and full description of fast stock and race car chassis ani bodies. Get dope on 100 m.p.h. stock ¥-8 Fords, 110 m.p.h. midgets, 120 m.p.h. Ford A and B conversions, 125 m.p.h. modified stock and 135 m.p.h. stock conversion speedway race cars. Order Today. Postpaid $1.00. C.O.D. $1.12. Зе tax in Ohlo. RAY F. KUNS. Dept. A-8, Madisonville, Cincinnati, 0. Thank You for Mentioning Modern Mechanix aud Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 145

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ДЕМи йд цәй! Майш», Pneumatic hammer, striking 4,000 powerful blows per min- ute, simplifies car body and fender straightening. Speed- regulated, equipped with eight changeable dies to fit contours of modern car, trigger-operated device is claimed to save hours of hand hammering. U-shaped metal yoke holds the die close to the hammer when used in straightening work. A new dissecting instrument permits careful slic- ing of insects, plants and other specimens for preparing miscroscope slides. A non-explosive paint and varnish remover is now being manufactured. The surface is sprayed or brushed with the liquid, washed with water and ready for painting when dry. Liquid synthetic rubber, a product recently de- veloped to replace liquid marine glue, is soon to appear. Unaffected by gasoline, oil or the elements, it will waterproof boat hulls. A U. S. model sub- marine, which ac- tualy travels under its own power on or þe- neath the surface, is now available in a ready-to-as- semble kit or com- pletely assembled. Finished in U. S. navy colors, the model is 19 inches long. It was de- signed from tech- nical plans. 146 A new lock, which insures against auto radio theft, is shown above. The base of the lock is tightened on the bolt which holds the re- ceiver to the dashboard. A theft- proof shell fits over the base and is removed by spiral key. An oil burner which fits in the fire box of any coal or wood cóok-stove is claimed to eliminate the drudgery of preparing meals in a hot kitchen. The degree of heat is valve-controlled. A new dictation transcribing machine embodies the latest principles of acoustics and is equipped with volume control. Metal stilt steps, fastened to two lengths of lum- ber without the use of nails, screws or bolts, can be obtained by those interested in making their own stilts. A plastic lining for stoves, ranges, furnaces and boilers is claimed by the manufacturer to save fuel and eliminate burned out fire-pots. Re- sembling modeling clay, the lining can be applied with the hands. Tripod legs cannot slip on wet floors, hard or ir- regular surfaces and sloping platforms when nesting into three adjustable sockets which form the base. A new machine for restringing tennis rackets reg- isters tensionof gut and is light in weight. A harmless etch- ing paste for glass permits home etching in two minutes. An alu- minum foil stencil accompanies each tube. An improved sighting dise for rifles provides for interchange- able apertures of seven different sizes for the shooter’s selection. The center piece is unscrewed with a coin. An adjustable, tamper-proof lock, recently placed on the market, pro- tects glass display cases. The lock slides on a ratchet bar clamped to glass pane. It also may be used to Iock alí metal or wooden drawers. Insecticide container, attached to garden hose, permits spraying flowers and shrubs with ordi- nary water pressure. Editor's Note — Addresses of manufacturers of these and other new products in this issue can be obtained by sending a stamped, self-addressed envelope to MODERN МЕСНАМІХ AND INVENTIONS. Manufacturers are invited to submit photos and literature for this page.

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ae OD OS ie Rees о Thrilled as never before, the world recently watched Sir Malcolm Campbell, English race king, thunder across the sands of Daytona Beach, Florida, at nearly 300 miles per hour. Campbell’s $200,000.00 seven-ton automobile carried him faster on land than any other man has ever gone. And in accomplishing this feat, Sir Malcolm used Pyroil. Pyroil is the companion of many champions. It has crossed the finish line in victory with Barney Oldfield, Boardman and Polando. Lou Meyer, Bill Cummings, Wilbur Shaw, Bob McKenzie, Fred Frame and scores ot others. Such a notable record is deserved only because the Pyroil process of protective lubrication proves un- surpassed. Note: - Pyroil is highly efficient in safeguard- ing alloy bearings, all types. Contains no harmful oils or acids. £ EA Sir Malcolm Campbell at the wheel of “Blue Bird," his $200,000 sev- en-ton automobile pictured below, In driving at a speed of almost 300 miles per hour, Sir Malcolm said, “1 used Pyroil in my Blue Bird world's re- cord car and found it entirely satisfactory." SALESMEN DISTRIBUTORS m e When you sell Pyroil. you sell a prod- uct famous throughout the civilized world. Pyroil is successful because it proves itself a superlative prod- uct. Reduces expense and safeguards all moving parts of engines, motors and machinery. Saves far more than its cost and produces amazing results. See article, “What Oil is Best for My Car,” February 1935 issue of Modern Mechanix and Inventions. Investigate the profit opportunity for you with Pyroil—concerning your immediate locality or any other locality. Nationally advertised to an estimated audience of 75 million every month. (See Saturday Evening Post, May 18; Time. May 20; Country. Gentle- man, June, ete.) Mail coupon at once for complete facts and details. Mfr’d and Guart'd by Pyroil Com- pany, W. V, Kidder, Pres., 67 Pyroil Bldg., LaCrosse, Wis., U. S. A. Genuine Pyroil is protected by U. S., Canadian and foreign patents issued to W. V Kidder. t its inventor. Not sold under any other name. Look for this signature on every factory-sealed can. fi . Pyroil Company 67 Pyroil Bldg., LaCrosse, Wis., U. S, A. is Please send me at no obligation, further facts of Pyroil’s importance as a safeguard to the operation of new cars and old. О Please send Distributorship Opportunity facts

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I am a better friend than others, for lam made only of mild, fragrant, expensive cen- ter leaves. Not a single sharp top leaf nor a single coarse bottom leaf mars my good taste or my uniform mildness. I do not irritate your throat. Tam, indeed, a soothing com- panion, the best of friends. LEAVES. .. CENTBR LEAVES GIVEYOU THE MILDEST SMOKE

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uble Page Spreads

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A frank man to man talk about PATENTS -INVE HE world of invention moves on. The Patent Office clerk who resigned his job back in 1833, because he said there was noth- ing left to invent, now stands out as one of the funniest men in American History. Think of everything that’s happened in the last 100 years! Why, only recently the papers carried a notice that an obscure worker, Hans Wach, has invented a simple device to utilize exhaust steam on steam boats. Already, the report states, the steam ship lines have saved more than $15,000,000 in fuel bills with his invention. Almost in the same breath the Dept. of Commerce announces that it will soon test out a new, non-crashable aeroplane, which the average man can learn to fly in a day, which will travel at 110 miles an hour and sell at the price of a cheap automobile. An unknown Seattle man has invented a robot to go 5,000 feet under the sea and recover millions and millions of dollars worth of gold lying at the bottom of the ocean since the days of the early Spaniards. Who Are Inventors? You'd be amazed at the men we con- tact in the course of a busy year. Most of them do not consider themselves inventors at all, During their work or leisure they get an idea. They work it out on paper, They get in touch with us about Protection. Did you know that a dentist f. 3 invented the stock ticker, a — 2 DET. Can You Answer These Questions? — You. Ask yourself these questions: Wow do For more than thirty-six years, this firm the Patent Laws proteet me? What easy has been helping men with an inventive turn steps can I fake, without cost, to put ог mind. We maintain a large siat of trained, myself in position to support my belief experienced — specialists—Registered Patent thet 1 am the first man to think Attorneys, Draflsmen, and Searchers to help of элу йг worth tlie a model? Should I try to sell my invention before 1 Remember this: For every outstanding big inven- tion there are thousands of small, simple things for use in the home, the office, the factory, on the farm, on every sort of travel conveyance. Little articles like you find on the counters of a 10-cent store, hardware store, drug store, toy and novelty shop. Many Little Ideas Have Big Commercial Possibilities A person finds something he's using doesn't work right, or it’s clumsy, or costs too much. He gets a happy thought. He improves the old Article. That’s contribution to human progress. That's the way that many, many men have reached the goal of financial comfort, independence and even wealth. Most of the things millions of us use didn't come from the brains of engineers and physicists. They came from the mind and maybe the crude home work bench of Mr. Average Man, busily engaged in earning his bread and butter at what- ever chance or circumstance has given him to do. The “little” man’s opportunity as an inventor was never greater than it is today. Our Business Is To Help Write Us Today ution? Is a Patent our clients secure all the protection to which eost? По I need they are entitled. Fees are reasonable. De- ferred payments frequently arranged. Ques- tions promptly answered. Write us frankly Wy mechanical movements and prin- ciples in the big, 48-page Bcok idea you need to solve some me- chanical problem. Use the coupon or write us a card or letter, TIONS -SELLING INVENTIONS 115 Mechanical Move- ments Like These Besides many other features and FREE BOOKS with 68 PAGES of Facts and Pictures! there are 115 different Maybe there is just ihe £ ерине НЫ А have it Patented? Ts there “| үсе ы oe t M d P Ed with absolute assurance that what yon say will a farmer the typewriter, an те. апу safe, business-like way ài А è 1 B be treated with strictest seerecy. But FIRST, artis telegraph? Did =f a cure financial help? If d e dmt аш wy 3 to secure financial bep? M send for the FREE BOOKS shown on the op- you know that the crinkly I do apply for a Patent, REGISTERED PATENT ATTORNEYS, MAIN OFFICE: 520-H, VICTOR BUILDING WASHINGTON, D. C Other Offices: 1640-B Conway Bldg., Chicago; 1007-B Woolworth Bldg., New York; 514-B Empire Bldg., Pittsburgh; 1010-B Hobart Bldg. San Francisco; 736-B Security Bldg., Los Angeles. Send me FREE copies of your books “Patent Protec- I posite page. ‘They are filled with facts, pic- tures and suggestions. They tell you things about Patents, Inventions and Selling Inven- hair pln—sold by millions пох—сате about because a husband saw his wife twisting the old-fashioned straight hair pin to make it stay in place? Poor men who have no thought of invention now will be financially well-fixed in a few years because of a happy thought that the world could use to advantage. how shall I reach people who can market my invention? Can I protect and sell an improvement on some invention that has already been patented? ‘These are but a tions that we have learned in our long few of the questions which usualy confront experience. They may save you time, expense, the average man. You need the answers! EVEN LATER DISAPPOINTMENT. Simply YOU CAN HAVE THEM, without cost, fill in the coupon. No charge, no obligation, trouble, or delay. Write us TODAY. ht 1935, Victor J. Evans & Co. WASHINGTO tion” and “When and How to Sel an Invention." (Note: Same books supplied by any of branch offices listed above.) Name .. Сор; Street and No. ..... City or Town .. а 12 Thank You for Mentioning Modcrw Mechenix aud Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers Thank You for Meutiouing Modern Mechanix and Inventions Magazine for July When Writing to Advertisers 1 сә

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| 4 At left is Howard John- son in the “ready-made” suit and the homemade diving helmet, in which he and his partner ex- plored a river's bottom. seeking gold nuggets. Johnson has also gone adventuring in the air. He has flown several planes and built three gliders, one of which is shown in photo above. iet N A 26-page hand-written letter the editor this month received one of the most inter- esting stories of adventure and humor that has ever come to the Workbench from a reader. It was written by Howard Johnson, of Turlock, Calif, whose adventures have carried him under water in search of gold and in the air seeking thrils. Johnson gets this month's first prize of $5.00. In our limited space we'll try to quote the best parts of his letter. Turlock, Calif. Dear Editor: I am sending some snapshots for the Work- bench contest. 'The diving suit was made by Arlis Riggs. 'The suits were purchased for $7.50 apiece. He made the helmets from the ends of an automobile gas tank. We got the air check valve turned around backwards on one of the helmets and built up the air pressure in the suit until the fellow who was trying to go down was floating with. his whole chest out of the water. The suits were used to help get gold out of some deep water holes in a deep canyon. (Johnson explains that the diver went down with a suction hose through which gravel was drawn to a sluice box on a raft where the gold was separated.) We got started into the hills 18 early in the summer, but it was late fall before we got the outfit working right. The whole thing was given up and we went to sluicing the gravel bars by hand. We had some thrilling times though. I was the first one to try the suits on. I went down into the river about ten feet and thought I was on the bottom. I took two steps when I fell about ten feet straight down. I thought I was surely on the bottom then and started to wander around when I tripped and fell head first for about another ten feet. Boy, was I scared! The boys at the top tried to pull me up, but the safety rope caught on a rock. The one working the air compressor got scared and stopped pumping to help the other fellow pull. I finally managed to work down the river where they could pull me out. I stayed until it got cold and then came down into the valley for the winter. The other fellow figured that if there was gold below the rapids it had to come through them. He worked right down inside of the rapids and cleaned out all the pot holes and made pretty good. He brought home some pretty good sized nuggets that would have started a gold rush if the miners knew about them. I am interested in aviation also. The third glider I built performed quite well. The fel- low who made the mining outfit bought a long wing biplane. He had the ship on one side of a ditch in a field and wanted to get it around to the back of the building where he could work on it. He hitched a team of horses to it and, when they looked back and saw the plane following them, they ran away and piled it up in the ditch. I am going to make a parachute jump the first time I run across a good "chute packer. If it don't open I'll make him let me try it over again. Howard Johnson. * * * The model builders are represented this month by some excellent examples of their craft. Among them the scale model Mono- coupe airplane, described in the 1935 "How to Build It," brought second prize of $3.00 to Edward Costello, who says: Princeton, N. J. Dear Editor: а Congratulations on your model airplane plans. I followed the plans and have won two contests already. The Monocoupe flew 200 Modern Mechanix & Inventions Howard Johnson's 26- page letter of adventure as an underwater gold miner wins first prize this month. MM model build- ers come through with excellent work and an MM design wins two midget plane contests. feet the first time and it wasn't all wound up. Please bring on some more plans like the Monocoupe. I think all of the model builders will appreciate them very much. Edward Costello. * * * That fine reproduction of the liner Bremen was built by R. W. Dishong. Here's what he says about it: Johnston, Pa. Dear Editor: Enclosed I am sending a photo of a model I built of the Bremen. This model is 41 inches long, being built on a scale of one- twentieth of an inch. It is pow- ered by an automobile horn motor and four flash light batteries. I procured the plans from the North German Lloyd Line and every part of it is built to scale. The model makes fairly good speed and looks like the real thing when under way. R. W. Dishong. * * * What type of models do MM readers pre- fer? The field is unlimited; there are modern racing sail boats and liners, steam and elec- tric type locomotives, gasoline or rubber powered airplanes, and historical models of all kinds. Just address a card to the Work- bench and the biggest demand will be filled with how to build plans in MM as soon as possible. Magazine, July, 1935 nb Cip hoop. Pe бийди] The scale mode! Monocoupe plane won two contests for Edward Costello. It also brought him second prize of $3.00 in the Workbench contest. The fine scale model of the liner Bretnen (at top), built by R. W. Dishong, is powered with an auto horn motor. model, while Otto Tandberg built the model threshing machine and tractor. George Cooper built the 18-inch sailing Here, for instance, is Otto Tandberg who goes in for models of farm machinery. Dear Editor: Leeds, N. D. I am sending you a couple of pictures of some of the models I have made. I have seen many pictures of models of trains, boats, and airplanes, but none of tracters or threshing machines. Otto Tandberg. * * * We had space for only one picture of George Cooper's racing sail boats, but here is his letter about them: Dear Editor: Waltham, Mass. Here are some pictures of two boats I built. [Continued on page 20] 19

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100 Locomotive -POWER 1 CROSS the Atlantic at express train speed plows the Normandie, newly-completed French Line ocean liner, to make a June third appointment at pier 88, gigantic terminal built especially for this queen of the seas at the foot of West 48th Street in New York City. The Normandie’s speed of 30 knots is equiv- alent to almost 35 miles an hour, the speed of the average passenger train. Four monster electric motors develop a total of 160,000 horsepower, equivalent to the combined pull- ing power of one hundred locomotives. This 1,029-foot ship, the largest in the world, will be able to make the trans-Atlantic crossing in less than five days, even in the stormiest weather. On the maiden voyage between Havre and New York, the publie will be permitted to inspect this magnificent floating city. Then will come regular twice-monthly round trips on a speed schedule never before achieved between the United States and Europe. Literally a floating electric power plant, the Normandie is able to produce enough elec- tricity to supply the entire lighting and power demands of a city the size of Boston. If the output of this power plant were used for other purposes than propulsion of the ship, it would light 5,000,000 ordinary household light bulbs, 28 | rgest ship in the world, | 1g towed to drydeck for a final | nd attachment of propellers. | ved bridge with wings, | operate more than 3,000 street cars, supply more than 140,000 first class radio stations, or even, by pumping water continually for a year, lower the level of Lake Michigan ten feet. The four largest motors ever built, develop- ing 40,000 h. p. each, are mounted directly on the shafts of the four three-leaf, 23-ton screws which will propel the boat. Completely loaded, the giant liner will dis- place almost 80,000 tons of sea water. The hull itself weighing about 30,000 tons, required many forgings weighing up to 74 tons each. High-strength steel was used at the vital parts to give the required rigidity with less bulk. So complete and varied are the facilities awaiting passengers on board the Normandie that it would be perfectly possible to spend alifetime on the water. Medical care, amuse- ments, and sports, as well as food and shelter, are amply provided. More nearly fireproof than any other ship afloat, the Normandie has no fire-detecting or fighting apparatus on the bridge. Instead, a fire department with a staff of twenty-four professional firemen is maintained in the cen- ter of the ship, ready to respond to calls from any part of the two-block long vessel. Smoke-detecting devices, excess-tempera- Modern Mechanix & Inventions by L. J. MARKUS The four 40,000 h.p. electric motors of the Normandie develop a power equivalent to that of 100 giant passenger locomotives. Right—One of the three-leaf, 23-ton screws. ture thermostats, and fire alarm boxes located throughout the ship are connected to indicat- ing switchboards in the central headquarters. Another board registers the locations at all times of firemen making regular rounds of in- spection of the ship. These men must report every twenty minutes. Although complete chemical fire fighting equipment is at hand ready for instant use, the Security Officer and his trained men carry out the highly specialized work of combating fires even before the disastrous flames can get a start. Walls of all cabins are made up of a sheet of duralumin between layers of an asbestos material which is covered with fireproof paint. The sounding of a fire alarm will automati- cally close all ventilators in the section of the Magazine, July, 1935 PULLS the NORMANDIE ship involved, eliminating fire-feeding drafts. Any one room can be completely flooded by inserting a hose line through an emergency hole in the ceiling, by means of a device in- vented by Captain Rene Pugnet, the Nor- mandie’s commander. Phosphorescent signs throughout the ship will point the way to the life boats even though all the ship’s lights fail. The largest ocean dining room in the world, 300 feet long and three stories high, will al- ways be at the same comfortable temperature, even though it is entirely “inside,” with not a window or skylight. Latest American air- conditioning equipment will manufacture its artificial weather. Not a single electric bulb [Continued on page 145] 29

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POLICE Declare WAR Seeking killer cars, California Highway Patrol officers stop all autos suspected to be in bad condition, and immediately test brakes. A brake testing box is clamped to the running board, the car is speeded up, and then stopped suddenly at the officer’s command. Impact of sudden stop swings pendulum inside box, meter showing stopping distance from 20 m.p.h. speed. by MAXWELL REID GRANT AR has been declared on killer cars! As an unprecedented wave of auto deaths stains the nation’s highways, the chief traffic arteries of the country are being turned into a huge open-road laboratory, where a host of new schemes are being tried out. Police are invoking science to learn what makes accidents and how to prevent them. The latest developments range from radio “courts of the air” and sensational movies of actual crashes, to resilient highway fences that absorb the impact of careening cars, and sodium-vapor lamps that create artificial daylight for night driving. Mechanical brains play a large part by “thinking out” the causes of accidents as re- vealed by statistics. Their findings have de- bunked many pet theories, have set up these startling new facts: Mist and rain do not increase, but actually reduce hazard. Fewest accidents occur in the worst weather; drivers instinctively fear skidding and drive with more care on wet pavement, Fast driving in city traffic does not save time. A car going thirty miles an hour across town gets there just as soon as one going forty-five or fifty. Your car’s brakes must be—and are 32 three or four times as powerful as its engine. Chief Davis of the Los Angeles Police De- partment says that the automobile is one of the modern world’s worst killers. “Auto deaths,” he states, “now outnumber homicides three-to-one; suicides, two-to-one. Each year we actually spend a half billion dollars more for accidents than for new cars. Economic loss through auto crashes is four times the national fire loss. Statistics show that more than half—perhaps 90%—of these accidents are caused by a small group of irre- DEATH TOLL OF 1934 KILLER CARS HOW DEATH CAME: Pedestrians hit .......... Stationary object collisions . Collisions between autos .. Collisions with other vehicle: 1934 Killer Car Death Toll No. Killed 15,950 8,850 8,570 2,630 36,000 882,000 ,000,000 Collisions involving personal injury Persons injured—nearly . AUTO DRIVERS KILLED 22,100 BY: Exceeding speed limit . 6,850 Being on wrong side of 3,470 Contesting right of way 2,740 Driving off road 3,820 Driving recklessly 2,740 Passing cars and cutting in 1,180 Miscellaneous causes ... Fatal Accidents Due to Drivers Modern Mechanix & Inventions n KILLER CARS! * Captain Stevens of the California Highway Patrol points out a headlight test chart used in war on killer cats. Autos ate stopped a definite distance ahead of chart; those whose headlight beams go above upper black line get tickets. More than 1,000 cars ordinarily pass through such a test trap in one shift, Unless defects in lights are corrected at once, fines are imposed, sponsible drivers numbering only 796 of the population. The odds this year are 1 to 100 that you will be involved in an auto accident. Your chances of being killed in an accident are 1 in 3,500. This means that, within the next five years, some one of a group of twenty of your close friends will be killed or injured in a motor vehicle accident. To save the 40,000 lives which in 1935 will be needlessly sacri- ficed if the rising trend of auto deaths continues, traffic authori- ties throughout the -country are declaring war on killer cars and killer drivers. To test the results of “unre- stricted speed," motorists on a wide California boulevard were allowed to "step on it" to their hearts' content. In just two days, speeds became so excessive that it was almost impossible for a pedes- trian to cross. Accidents, injuries, and deaths piled up overnight and the experiment had to be stopped before it was fairly started. Killer cars and killer drivers make accidents like this. At high speeds, autos bounce and roll like rubber balls, showering splinters of glass and metal which kill and maim. In the United States alone, drivers exceeding speed limits killed 6,850 in 1934. What will be the 1935 death toll? Magazine, July, 1935 A sharp increase in traffic deaths on the busy Bay Shore Highway near San Fran- cisco, prompted another drastic experiment. Night and day, motorcycle officers patrolled this boulevard, under orders from Highway Patrol Chief E. Raymond Cato to stop all [Continued on page 125] 33

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Сарај .. UNDER THE SEA T IS a far cry from the old diving days of manually operated air-pump and the jerked-cord signals to the modern air com- pressor and the portable telephone used by divers of today, but the romance and danger of diving remain. I have been engaged in deep sea diving for the past 28 years and during that time I have had some mighty close calls with death. You get so you accept what happens below surface as a matter of course, but I had my worst éxperience when, while working at a depth of 150 feet, my air line parted. It was on the Southern Pacific Bridge job. I had been down for some time inspecting a caisson when I realized that my air flow had ceased. By shutting the emergency valve instantly I knew I could conserve what air was in the dress. That would last only a period of seconds before turning to carbon dioxide, a gas that will not sustain life. It takes time to bring a man up from the depth working with utmost haste. The crew above knew what had happened and they were doing their best. It was a harrowing two minutes before I saw the light at the top. I didn’t feel any ill effects till the next morning. When I awakened, I realized the sight of one eye was gone. The doctor said the extreme pressure had severed the nerve. Perhaps that helps to account for the fact that compensa- tion insurance rated on divers is the highest in the world. People ask me about thrills, adventures, narrow escapes, and all that. Well, after you've been doing something 28 years, it's really much of a routine thing. People seem to think that the life of a deep water diver is just a series of battles with man-eating sharks and devil fish, or searches through old wrecks for sunken gold. It isn't much like that. It is mostly grubbing around in the mud at the bottoms of rivers and harbors, inspecting C. H. Purcell, chief engineer of the San. ^-Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge, wishes Bill Reed a safe dive as he descends the ladder of the "Active" into the sea to examine the foundations of the bridge project. Diver Reed used bare hands and a metal rod to examine the concrete. by WILLIAM REED Holder of World's Record Undersea Dive, as told to Charles W. Geiger “The swirling tide made a plaything of my safety rope. It entangled. When I was ready to ascend to the sur- face, I was caught. Making a. quick decision, I cut the safety rope. Only the rub- ber hose supplying me with air was left by which to pull me to the surface. A weak spot in the hose, a jerk of the tide, a split in the rubber, and the water would have filled my diving suit.” This is just one of the thrilling episodes in this story of ad- venture beneath the sea. Here is William Reed, the champion diver, who tells of his harrowing experiences beneath the sea in the ac- companying story. The com- position helmet shown con- tains earphones. The metal head piece is fastened to the | collar of the suit. Note the heavy safety rope which Reed 3 had to cut when it entangled. LN pier foundations, fishing for broken cables, seeing if old hulls are worth raising. One moment there is the queer figure of a diver on his ladder with his steel shod shoes and his helmet and breastplate of steel. The next there is just a hissing and gurgling of air and a trail of bubbles from the sea depths to mark where the human being is laboring in mud and slime of the ocean floor. But romance and danger of diving remain. Many people ask me what I think about when I'm being lowered into the depths of the water. Of course, the only thing I think about is the job I’m going to do when I get down to the bottom. No, the thought of danger never enters my mind. I'm just as apt to get hurt erossing Market street in San Francisco (and probably more apt to) than when I am walk- ing along the floor of San Francisco Bay. The main idea in diving is to see that your apparatus is in apple-pie order, then to go down quick, keep your head while you are down, and come up slow after you have 37

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by JAMES ARBAUGH as told to Annie Dyer Nunn. Editor’s Note: Today, after 27 years of life under the big top, James Arbaugh is con- sidered one of the world’s greatest artists of the flying trapeze. Hard work and cheering circus crowds are his life and happiness; read this story, told in his own words, of the thrills and dangers that await an aerial acrobat. ELLS FLOTO circus was in full swing, and the Coliseum in Chicago was filled to capacity. All eyes were trained on the Fly- ing Wards. I was one of them, nine per- formers skimming through the air nearly a hundred feet above the sawdust ring. In doing a double cut away to my wife, I was to catch to a bar in her hands, as she swung head downward to meet me. She was an instant too quick and hooked me under the knees! I just missed her face with my flying feet. I rode the swing to the end where I changed from my hocks to my hands and finished the act as usual. The house roared. Apparently, we had done an extremely clever trick. No one guessed that the stunt was unheard of, or that I had barely escaped a terrific fall and Mrs. Arbaugh a facial injury. Because you've never seen a trapeze actor fall, don't imagine we are immune. We have plenty of falls and our minor injuries are legion. I've seen leapers get their teeth knocked out by flying bars, and have had the arteries in my arms, and in those of my catcher, burst from the impact when I came out of a full double twister. But, compara- tively speaking, our actual crack-ups are few. I have had four, the worst being in Minne- 42 In this twisting somer- sault, originated by Arbaugh, he is just Starting to bend down for the forward somer. sault to bar in hands of catcher at the right A DICTIONARY OF THE FLYING TRAPEZE . CASTING—Losing control of mind and body for a short or long interval while whirling through the air. CATCHER—A performer who hangs from a trapeze, catching acrobats who fling themselves through space. DOUBLE CUTAWAY—A ‘backward somersault to a bar in the hands of the catcher. DOUBLE TWISTER—A difficult trapeze trick in- cluding a pirouette and a somersault, FULL DOUBLE WISTBR IN somersaults and а pirouctte. HOCKS—The legs of aerial acrobats. _ MECHANICC—A safety belt with rope, used to pre- vent falls when practicing new trapeze stunts. МЕТА strong but resilient cord netting stretched about six feet above the floor, directly under the trapezes. PIROUETTE—A whirl in perpendicular fashion from left to right, in the air. T BAR—A small trapeze inside a larger one. TRAPEZE—A short horizontal bar suspended from rigging by two parallel ropes. TRIPLE SOMERSAULT—Three head over heel spins through the air. apolis when I got a shoulder so badly dislo- cated it required the combined strength of four men to pull it back in place. In this connection, a comparison of the records of Alfreda Cordona and Ernest Clarke, among the greatest of trapeze per- formers today, is interesting. Clarke has never had a serious accident in his life; while Cordona has had several, and even now is training to come back after a frightful shoulder injury received a year ago when Modern Mechanix & Inventions. doing a triple somersault. Perhaps he is a bit more reckless tham Clarke, who prides him- self on never taking any unnecessary risks. Cordona did not use a mechanic when learning the triple somersault; it was in his way, he said. A mechanic is a heavy leather belt about the waist of the performer, at- tached to ropes suspended from the ceiling of the gymnasium. A person on the ground watches the contraption and keeps the per- former from falling by taking up the slack in the ropes. Of course, this is used only in practice work. On the other hand, Clarke favors a me- [Continued on page 144] CIRCUS ODDITIES -OVER 24 MILES of rope and cable are used in the aerial -riggings of the Ringling & Barnum circus when in Madi- son Square Garden, New York City. Under the big top _ this figure increases to 41 miles. There are 60,000 feet - -of rope in the meshes and guy ropes of the nets alone. | . THE "MAIN GUY” of a circus is not the boss, but a wire ~ cable holding the center poles in place. | JENNIE ROONEY, with a star double trapeze act to her _ credit, gets dizzy when she looks out of high windows. ‘Elevators frighten her! HELEN WALLENDA, member of the Wallenda act per- forming breathtaking stunts on the high wire, fainted when she first saw a newsreel showing of her act. S A TRAPEZE BAR BREAKS each time Mile. Gillette, a . newcomer to the American circus world, goes {гош = her act! Poised 60 feet above the sawdust ring, with no nets. below, she dives headlong for a trapeze fifteen feet- | away. The bar splinters, down and down she tumbles, - to be caught in the nick of time, a few feet above the 2 ground, by a pair of wires. ИРИ July, 1935 С end of n5 sepe) -like nose. Left to right: Irma Ward, America's premier aerialist, James Arbaugh—author of this article and his wife, Jessie яшы who sometimes acts as his catcher, MALTESE CROSS. RIGGING is used by Papa otn and his family of aerial acrobats. Trapezes are arranged along the bars of the cross, rather than in one line. Performers work in two directions, whizzing past each other in mid-air, А collision or even a slight touch might mean disaster. _ A TROUPE MANAGER pays his performers: according ‘to what he thinks they are worth, Though Alfredo Cordona could get dozens of good catchers for $75 a week, he paid his brother Lalo $125, CATCHING 200 CUES for that many different. ‘numbers, x the Merle Evans band plays continuously: for three hours at each Ringling & Barnum performance. A POLICE DEPARTMENT Is carried along by : every big .—— circus, John Brice, chief of the Ringling police force, knows more American chiefs of police than anyone else. Once a clown ap- - CLOWNS COPYRIGHT their faces, pears in the ring with a new facial make-up he has developed, no other clown will copy it. Felix Adler, most - famous of the “Joeys”, has a Jedi electric ‘light at the

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DEBUNKING 22067 by CAPTAIN GEORGE J. B. FISHER, i Blindgdnger!! Lebensgefahr! Chemical Warfare Service, U. S. Army, as told to James Nevin Miller During mimic bomb and gas at- tack on Berlin, Ger- man soldiers set up signs warning citi- zens their lives were in danger. City was plunged in dark- ness, civilians hid in - cellars during raid. NORMOUS cities blanketed with death- dealing gas fumes. Citizens rushing about in panic as enemy planes roar over- head. Thousands of lives snuffed out in a few minutes. Countless humans coughing and screaming with fear, fighting among themselves to reach subterranean gas-proof cellars. This is the terrifying picture so frequently painted by fiction writers, the movies, and the sensational press about the horrors of poison gas in the next war. But is the picture a true one? Is there any basis in fact for it? No, says the Chemical Warfare Service of the United States Army. After more than twenty years experimenta- tion with every kind of poison gas known to science, the nation’s acknowledged authority on the subject has come to the conclusion that gas is the “bogey man” of war. Above—Berlin street cleaners, at- tired in gas masks, counteract effects of poison gas by washing streets with special preparation following mimic air raid. Гей ‘Transportable shelter developed by France to save civilians during gas attacks. During raids, rescue workers set up shelters, find over- the shelter which holds 5 persons. Gar WAR SCARES Europe is preparing for war. Her people are being drilled to use gas masks and to fight poison gas air raids. Will deadly gas wipe out American cities, destroy U. S. armies? Here are an expert's views on this "bogey man" of war. Uncle Sam's chemists, convinced that the public has a right to know the real facts, even go so far as to say that as much as 12,000 tons of mustard gas, most devastating of all perfect targets for aerial gas attacks, this method was not as destructive as other weapons of war. To prove this conclusively to the skeptical-minded, the Chemical War- come citizens, and revive them in war time gases, could not possibly wipe out a big city's population. . Not once in history has an aerial gas attack ever been launched against a city. While this method un- doubtedly will be tried in the next war, such an at- tempted slaughter of de- fenseless millions actually . is no more and no less than a fantastic dream. Even in the World War, with hundreds of thou- sands soldiers massed in open fields, apparently GAS IS EFFECTIVE WEAPON SAYS EUROPEAN EXPERT Although he admits that poison gas is the least destructive weapon in modern warfare, Dr. Herbert Levinstein, one of the leading poison gas experts on the Allied side during the war, declares it is one of the most effective weapons for incapacitating enemy troops and throwing civilians into panic. He claims that gas has not made war more dangerous because only a small percentage of gas casualties result in death. “It has introduced fresh possibilities of effecting a strategic surprise which is quite different," he said. “Far more destruction of property, greater mortality and suffering are caused by dropping high explosive or incendiary bombs from aircraft than by using gas-filled bombs or shells.” He added that gas probably would be more effective, however, because it caused panic among uninstructed, unprotected civilians. fare Service cites these facts and figures. As little as 20 milligrams of mus- tard gas absorbed into the lungs will cause death. At first glance it would seem, therefore, that 12,000 tons of this chemi- cal could wipe out a third of the population of the United States. However, this quantity of mustard gas was actually used dur- ing the World War. True it incapacitated 350,000 men. But only 2.5 per cent of them died. Thus Smoke screens [aid over a city by planes will make it difficult for enemy ait raiders to launch bomb ard gas at- tack. To drop gas raiding planes must fly low, making them vulnerable to anti-aircraft fire. No gas raids were attempted during the World War.

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WhoWill Win HISTORY'S Roughest hop on 20,000 mile air race course is this, the Andes crossing between Buenos Aires and Santiago. A mini- mum altitude of 18,000 feet must be maintained for 110 miles. Photo shows a Pan-American Airways plane above the Andes, where treacherous air currents ever threaten. by JAMES DYSON GIGANTIC “Around the Americas” air race, with practically every famous dis- tance flyer in the world entered, is now being planned by 23-year-old Elliott Roosevelt, son of the President. October of this year or April, 1936 are the contemplated starting dates for this contest over the longest course in history, almost 20,000 miles, with prize money exceeding $100,000. This race will be the most trying test of an airplane ever attempted, announces the National Aeronautic Association, official governing body for all American air records. All kinds of conditions will be met from ex- treme cold to extreme heat. An altitude of 52 Will the brute power of some monster trans- post, win, $50,000? his is a new United Air Lines transport. In this exclusive interview the Presidents son tells of his plans for а $100,000 speed classic around the Americas. Elliott Roosevelt, son of the President, announces the greatest international air contest in history—a free-for-all race around North and South America for the world's crack speed pilots, at least 18,000 feet will be encountered in crossing the Andes between Buenos Aires on the Atlantic and Santiago on the Pacific. Water jumps, deserts and jungles must be negotiated by the successful contender. As Ray Cooper, general manager of the N. A. A. points out: “The longest water hop is about 700 miles. The roughest part of the trip is across the Andes from Mendoza to Santiago, but the distance is only 110 miles. If the course is maintained the pilot should be able to walk away from a forced landing in any other place, and with a reasonable supply of emergency rations should be able to exist until rescued." Interviewed exclusively for Mopern ME- CHANIX AND INVENTIONS МАСА7ІМЕ in the his- toric Red Room of the White House, Elliott Roosevelt recently discussed the highlights of his plans as follows: “Will I be able to swing the great interna- tional race? Without doubt a lot of veteran flyers are skeptical. But already I have raised most of the prize money and now have ample promises of adequate financing from Modern Mechanix & Inventions responsible parties. Numerous rumors are being circulated to the effect that Edsel Ford is one of my biggest backers. As to that I am pledged to secrecy right now. Probably it will be many months before I will be able to offer even a partial list of those aiding the project. *However, there is every evidence that it will become an actuality. Thus far I've re- ceived about 44 inquiries, most of them from leading aviation organizations of the great powers. These include the Aero clubs of France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy, Austria and Poland, besides the Aeronautical [Continued. on page 132] Magazine, July, 1935 HAVANA, -T Е * GREATEST Aw RACE? e > 2, E AMERICA Who will enter—who will win, in history’s greatest air race? Some of today's favorites are sketched around the bowl of aviation's roulette wheel—will the magic ball finally stop at one of these, or roll around to a dark horse? Study the route of the race, over mountains. plains and water—study the records of these famous aviators, pick your winner. 53

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TEACH Your DOG A famous dog trainer tells how to teach your dog to back up, shake hands, pray, act dead, carry articles, sneeze, waltz, and do a host of other interesting tricks. Through the hoop, held shoulder high, leaps this well- trained dog. Make your dog jump over a horizontal bar first, then through a large hoop, reducing hoop size as he gains confidence. Later, paste tissue paper on hoops. RAINING your dog is not as difficult a task as some may assume. Patience, kind- ness and good care will bring rich rewards in the form of increased loyalty, prompt obe- dience to commands; and good manners. Dogs are like humans when it comes to performing tricks they have thoroughly mas- | tered, Their sense of pride is apparent when > they are the center of attraction, the life of the party. Perhaps the simplest of tricks is teaching a dog to shake hands. Place the dog in a sit- ting position. Standing directly in front of him, grasp the right paw gently, raise and shake it, saying “shake hands.” A few min- utes of this lesson daily for a day or two will make your dog eager to shake hands when- ever he gets the chance. Commands which are properly taught will always be obeyed. Show a rubber ball to him, then drop it on the floor, commanding “pick it up.” This done, coax him to you, command “drop it,” then repeat the trick. After having learned to pick up a ball, the dog may be taught to hold it. Take his collar in your right hand and with the left, support his lower jaw, cautioning him all the time to “hold it.” Reward him and repeat the les- son. When he becomes proficient in holding, tell him to “come, carry it,” and start walk- ing. Be sure he does not drop it. Do not A few minutes of training each _ day will make your dog sit up or fetch articles at your command. 56 Modern Mechanix & Inventions THESE TRICKS». by EARL CRAIG Dogs enjoy jumping over sticks once they are taught, by a few gentle raps on the nose, not to grab the stick or run under. Right: One of the more difficult stunts, but one which can be taught by patience, is waltzing while standing. make the distance too long to begin with. The old saying, “practice makes perfect,” was never truer than when applied to teach- ing the dog. A short training period, fre- quently and consistently given, is the best routine to follow. Each year many dogs are accidentally and intentionally poisoned. Two methods are used in teaching the dog to ignore choice looking bones or meat left about in conspicu- ous places. First watch him closely. When you see him about to pick up something, say, “No, poison, drop,” and enforce your com- mand, It may be necessary to plant some bait at a point he frequently passes, but do not let him see you place the bait. The second method is much more effective though not a pleasant one for the dog. Have your druggist prepare some bitter but harm- less preparation for you. Tell him what you want to use it for. Pour it on some choice and tempting pieces of meat, and place them in different locations. Take the dog for a walk and casually pass your bait. When you see him pick it up, caution “poison,” but say no more. Likely as not when your back is Magazine, July, 1935 At "dead dog," the dog below lies down, feet in air, eyes closed. In teaching a dog to "roll over" push him around a few times yourself, while repeating command. the command э turned, he will gulp it down and follow you. Keep him outside, for aside from the bitter taste left in his mouth it is quite likely the preparation willmake him sick. A little red pepper or other strong seasoning, concealed in meat, is also used by dog owners for this purpose. Usually, after one or two lessons, he will refuse to eat anything lying around the yard. Dogs seem to acquire the knack of doing tricks in a very short time, once they have been taught control and prompt obedience [Continued on page 135] 57

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UNCLE SAM FIGHTS The BLACK BLIZZARDS by JAMES NEVIN MILLER IKE a forest fire roaring out of control, a huge billowy cloud sweeps over the horizon. Growing larger and larger, it soon blots out the sun. Day turns into night. For miles around, the air is filled with stifling, blinding dust. Fine particles strike the face like millions of white-hot needles. The dust stabs at one’s lungs. Within an hour, the black blizzard has en- veloped everything. Living becomes un- bearable. Schools close their doors. Trains drop far behind schedule, their powerful headlights unable to pierce the black dust cloud. Discouraged farmers, fearful of dread “dust pneumonia,” pack their belongings into wagons and move away. The dusty drifts cover fences and farm machinery and sweep: over buildings. Crops are destroyed. The valuable top soil Photo below shows couple in Boise City, Oklahoma, wearing masks to protect nose, throat and lungs during recent dust storins which have swept the southwest. Hundreds of cases of dust-pneumonia resulted. Dust settled so thickly on Kansas lawns that two mechanically- inclined men started a profitable business with the huge home- made outdoor vacuum cleaner shown above. Right— Typical scene along silt-covered road in the sand-swept Great Plains area. 60 is gone. For months, cattle will be unable to forage on the surrounding hillsides. Do these black blizzards foreshadow the doom of the fertile United States? Dr. William Jackson Humphreys, of the United States weather bureau at Washington, recently predicted that by 7,000 A. D. the United States and most of Asia and Europe will become a desert due to lack of rain- fall. Weather in the temperate zone is gradually becoming warmer. The time will come, Dr. Humphreys believes, when the populations of the world will be forced to flee to the tropics or polar regions to find sufficient rainfall to sustain life. But Uncle Sam will not give up his valuable land without fighting. He has launched a terrific battle against one of Nature's most puzzling and devastating cataclysms. He is going to try to put an end to the black bliz- zard. The new warfare is carried on from experi- ment stations located at strategic points in the dust storm areas. According to experts, 125,000,000 acres of land now in cultivation—equivalent to the combined areas of Ohio, Illinois, Maryland and North Carolina—had lost all ог a greater part of its top soil due to wind erosion. In the Texas Panhandle many fields lost as much as three feet of soil and subsoil. In [Continued on page 141] Modern Mechanix & Inventions Above—Motorists plunging through one of Missouri’s black blizzards were compelled to use their headlights at high noon. Circle—Building a huge reservoir for supplying water to fertile. fields. Other means of dust storm control are being tried by кшш». al шайда. Uncle Sam’s army of experts to conserve the valuable top soil. 252 касы LLL SIDELIGHTS ON THE DUST STORMS Dust blew with such force in Kansas that it completely packed ignition locks and parked cars could not be unlocked. High- way traffic, unable to plow through the roads, was suspended. For the first time in history train schedules were canceled on one division of the Santa Fe Railroad. One construction company had a contract to move 10,000 cubic yards of earth in a county road project. Workmen started loosening the ground when the storm struck. When it ended, the contractor found that the wind had done his work for him. in Oklahoma, static electricity accompanying a dust storm was of sufficient strength to shock persons who touched metal, Human hair stood on end. In Missouri, telephone, telegraph and radio reception were hindered by the electrical charge. Even cars were stalled. h t—Constructing vel terraces tO retail average topsoil per acr Jost to farmers. e were Kansas Magazine, July, 1935 61

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REVAMPED FURNACES The modern fur- nace supplies cool washed air in summer, clean heat in winter. Above: Adjust- ing water valve. On the trail of that mysterious “ѕоте- thing" that makes mountain air so in- vigorating, engi- neers are develop- ing "super-air" for new home comfort. Above is a typical room air condition- ing unit, which de- livers washed air to lower the humidity. COOL The Modern Home by PAUL DARROW PADDOCK UMAN beings are serving as guinea pigs in an eastern laboratory where a series of interesting experiments is under way to improve “man-made weather," to make fur- naces cool as well as heat our homes, and to reproduce that "mysterious something" found only in mountain and seashore air. Scientists are on the track of a clue that may lead to the development of “super-air,” even better for human health and comfort than that found in nature. They believe the secret lies in the free ions or electrically charged particles that exist in natural air. Well educated, normal persons are required for the “super-air” tests. Exposed for awhile to an unusual bombardment of positively charged ions, they become groggy. They cannot do such simple things as add columns of figures, scientists report. The positive ions are switched off and nega- tive ions turned on. In a little while, the "human guinea pigs" become buoyant. Their mental powers are stimulated. They add figures and do other things more quickly and more accurately than normally. These tests, pioneer experiments in man's fascinat- ing and comparatively new field of science, air-conditioning, are as yet inconclusive, but indicate that some day an electrically treated air, rich in health-giving qualities, may be made available in every home and office building. Most of man's energy comes from the air. Although an average adult consumes only three and one-half pounds of food and four pounds of water a day, he takes in more than thirty-four pounds of air in that same time. Recent investigations indicate that cosmic rays may have a great deal to do with human comfort, through their effect on the air. Normally, Dr. L. W. Chubb, director of research at Westinghouse Electric and Manu- facturing Company points out, the air con- tains ozone, and is free from dust, fumes, and [Continued on page 143] Modern "weather-making machines" screen tons of dirt each year from the air we breathe. Dirt above was taken from a furnace filter. What does electricity do to air? Dr. E. Vernon Hill (left) pioneer research authority, seeks the an- swer to this question by charging air with high voltage electricity, or ionizing it. He finds that nega- tives ions stimulate mental powers. "Normally our air contains ozone, is clear and odorless," points out Dr. L. W. Chubb, di- rector of research at Westinghouse. "In the big cities smoke and fumes cut off ullra-- violet light, reduce ionization, and leave for us a stuffy, vitality-lacking air." In the above photo research engineer G. E. Penney demonstrates to Dr. Chubb the operation of an electro-static air cleaner. Electricity disintegrates smoke blown in at the left. 64 Modern Mechanix & Inventions Magazine, July, 1935 65

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ZARAGOSSA LUCKEY 13 | CLASSIC SPORTSMEN’S the lures used in bait casting for bass none are as popular or more effec- tive than bait casting plugs. There are thousands of these plugs on the market. If you are unacquainted with them, making a selection for the average tackle box is a difficult task. Here is a review of some of the most successful and popular plug lures and the type of fishing for which they are best suited. Plug lures may be divided into three classes, namely: the surface lure that floats without diving, quartering, and otherwise setting up a fuss under the water; the surface lure that floats when not reeled, but which, when reeled, goes under the surface and weaves along in the familiar wobbling action; and, third, the weighted or heavy under- water plug, which has lead countersunk on its underparts to carry it deep in the water ato get fish that lie deep. Among these three Bee “classes of plugs one makes his selection. =" CAMPFIRE P x 2), : Lp suMIDGET URF-ORENO 72») FLOATING INJURED MINN, GLOBE WITH SPINNING HEAD No bass lure in the plug class has had greater popularity than the so-called wob- KENT FROG =, bler, a bait that floats when it is not reeled, сорте but which dives under the surface when reeled. It has a gouge in the wood at the head—a metal headpiece, or some other de- SELECTIONS FOR YOUR TACKLE BOX THE WOBBLERS , the North. Floats, but dives when rod is jerked. Performs like BASS-ORENO—a very popular plug, known mostly for its red wounded minnow. head and white body. Comes in other colors also. Intended to LUCKY 13—a typical plunking or popping lure. When reeled be cast and reeled right in, $ operates under the surface like а wobbler. ZIG-WAG—a jointed plug that is one of the most erratic and lively in action. Also can be popped or plunked on the surface. SURFACE LURES PIKIE MINNOW-—in either jointed or solid body types is one LUNGE-ORENO—a large bait very effective for muskies, Pro- of the most effective plugs. Both are killers for bass, muskies, ^ peller stirs up water to attract fish. pike and pickerel. Dives deep when reeled or trolled, SURF-ORENO—midget size good for bass. Larger size for bass CLASSIC MINNOW—a life-like surface wobbler that attracts апа muskies. Front and rear propellers churn water, Red and practically all game fish, Cast up among lily pads, it is one of — white style good for dull days. the most natural lures. PALOMINE—has an attractive wobbling, wriggling, and diving action. Floats when not reeled. Also comes in jointed style. A favorite with game fishermen. JOINTED VAMP SPOOK—a transparent plug that outlasts many wooden lures. Has a lively swimming action. А good all-around lure. DARTER—darts about near the surface in exceptionally life-like manner. Best suited for popping, ZARAGOSSA—a famous lure in the South, but equally good in WOODPECKER—a luminous bait that is very effective at night. Stirs up water by means of concave collar. INJURED MINNOW-—lies on its sides and when jerked with rod-tip acts like struggling, injured minnow. GLOBE—a revolving head lure that is effective in the evening, at night, just after daybreak, and on grey days, A sound making surface lure, especially good for roiled stream water. KENT FROG—ideal for working among pads and weeds, as upturned hooks make it practically weedless. One propeller turns to right, the other to left. 69

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RIVER RUNT SPOOK FISH 7ORENO The River Runt Spook, a semi-transparent plug, sinks slowly. For bass and wall-eyes. Fish. Oreno has metal head. Popular for deep fish. 70 SPORTSMEN'S For those Deep Fish vice, which makes it weave along in the water inalifelike manner. This erratic action prob- ably convinces the fish that the bait is a small fish that has been maimed. Since fish in search of food are always attracted to a maimed or injured minnow, the chances of a catch with the use of a wobbling plug lure are great. The wobbler, therefore, in one style or another should be in your tackle box as one of the certain fish-getters. When making the selection some thought should be given to the color of the plug. On grey and rainy days, or when the water is somewhat dingy or obscured, or in the twilight or at dusk, the all-white wobbler with the red head is a very good selection. On bright days the darker wobblers can be used. While on the subject of wobblers, we might mention the proper way to use them. When the lure drops to the water, allow it to remain there for a minute or so, then give it a jerk, popping it. Again allow a pause, then pop it again. Do this two or three times, with pauses in between. In the class of wobblers are to be found the so-called “popping” or “plunking” lures. Although the wobbler, of the famous red- head type, is meant to be cast and reeled right in, without jerking it to make a popping or plopping sound on the surface, there are lures that fill the gap in this respect. They have a very erratic action, dipping, diving, quarter- ing, and giving off a gurgling sound, and mak- ing bubbles on the surface as they are jerked. There are times when these plunking lures are [Continued on page 118] , PANATELLA MINNOW “LIVE WIRE MINNOW Panatella Minnow is weighted to sink deep. Propellers en- hance its attraction value. Torpedo has long slim body believed to be best for holding hard-mouthed fish. Live wire rides right side up. Propellers revolve in opposite directions. Modern Mechanix & Inventions Ue се by MARVIN SPITTLER DHE smashing strike of a ponderous black- bass, the bent rod, and the singing reel all provide joy to the heart of the ardent fisherman. But, in most cases, the fun ends with catching the fish. After eating the fish, fifty per cent of fishermen complain that their fish are soft and black-veined—that they taste of the slime of the weed beds in which they were caught. This is true. But the fault is not with the fish; it is with the fisherman. How often does one see a large game fish gasping in the sun to die of suffocation with gaping mouth, glazed eyes and scales curling in the heat. Fish should be kept alive until the excur- sion is over and then butchered by placing a sharp knife behind the gill and cutting a slanting gash down to the top of the head to bleed the fish. When handling live fish, always wet the hands to preserve the scale covering which protects them from death. The bad taste in fish comes from three sources; the blood, the slime under the scales, and the backbone. The blood, of course, is removed by butchering and the slime and backbone are removed in the cleaning. This method of cleaning fish will do away with the messy business of cleaning up entrails. After cleaning, all that remains is a solid earcass devoid of flesh. After scaling the fish as shown, remove [Continued on page 128] SLICE ABOVE RIBS FOR BONELESS PLANKING REMOVE FIN Remove fin by cutting on each side and then pulling it away from flesh. Fish is then ready for planking. Grasp top edge of flesh and pull, cutting away flesh from ribs as you go. Carcass that remains is not messy and can be easily disposed of by burying in ground. Magazine, July, 1935 STRING FISH THROUGH ' BOTH UPPER AND LOWER LIPS BURLAP SACK TO BLEED FISH CUT BEHIND GILLS m assure good, tasty fish keep catch dlive in burlap sack kept under- water or use a étringer by running it through upper and lower lips to keep fish from drówning. Fishing over, bleed fish to get firm whité meat. Wet hands to handle fish. HOLD E PLIERS WHILE ж SCALING To scale fish, grasp tail {# with pair of pliers and rub scaler towards head and away from you. After scaling, remove slime in same manner using knife held at right angles to body. Supple- ment treatment by rub- bing fish with hands under cold water tap until surface is abso- lutely clean. If this slime is not removed, fish will have tainted taste. 71

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How THREE COLOR MOVIES BLUE-SENSITIVE NEGATIVE MAGENTA FILTER PASSES RED AND BLUE LIGHT ANGLES TO DIVIDE RED- SENSITIVE NEGATIVE ‚ @ / IS MADE FROM EACH COLOR NEG- ATIVE. EMULSION ON MATRIX HARDENS IN PROPORTION TO OF LIGHT WHICH IS PASSED BY NEGATIVE SOONG E 2 (gv THREE-COLOR CAMERA e DYEING OF MATRIX IS EQUIVALENT TO INKING OF TYPE IN RELIEF PRINTING PROCESS EACH MATRIX 15 PRINTED IN TURN ON THE POSITIVE FILM MAGENTA DYE „a, Ж] Eo COLOR FILM READY FOR PROJECTION ON SCREEN TECHNICOLOR USES ORDINARY SOUND К PROJECTOR —— — P These drawings show the essential steps in the production of three-color movies by the successful Technicolor process used in film “Та Cucaracha.” OULD you like to know how the color in a Walt Disney Silly Symphony or in *La Cucaracha" is obtained? Have you ever wondered how a motion picture film, in which each picture is about the size of a postage stamp, is colored so it can be magnified 35,000 or more times and still retain the beautiful coloring of a Silly Symphony? The actual application of the color to the film is not unlike the method used in printing a page of type. In the printing process, the 76 COLOR CAMERA MAKES THREE SEPARATE NEGATIVES. SQUARE PRISM IS SPLIT ON A DIAGONAL, AND CUT SURFACES PARTLY SILVERED. HALF OF LIGHT PASSES: STRAIGHT THROUGH, HALF IS REFLECTED AT RIGHT COMING FROM SCENE LIGHT m /CONTACT PRINT, / KNOWN AS MATRIX, LIGHT X AMOUNT SS DEVELOPING 1 SOLUTION |2 DISSOLVES THOSE PARTS OF MATRIX NOT | STRUCK BY LIGHT. / LEAVING IMAGE IN RELIEF DYE ON HIGH „г POINTS OF EACH ©. MATRIX IS TRANSFERRED = ТО POSITIVE "Us FILM hei es type is set or a plate is made for each of the colors appearing in the picture or the printed page. The plates or type of a printing press are in relief and the high portions of the plate re- ceive an ink which is pressed into contact with the paper. The ink is transferred to the paper. In the motion picture, they do not use plates in that sense of the word. Instead, a “matrix” is used. This "matrix" is very similar to the Modern Mechanix & Inventions ARE MADE One of the frames from “La Cucaracha," a two-reel short which is proving to be the first notably successful color picture other than the three-color animated cartoons. Note the variable-density sound track at the left of the picture. printer's type or plate, and the color impres- sion is made by dyeing the "matrix" and pressing it in contact with a motion picture film. In a picture on paper, if the finished print shows three colors, three separate plates have to be made and the paper run through the press three times. In the same way a motion picture receives a printing, or an “imbibition,” as it is known in the studios, for each color that appears on the screen. Until the perfection of the Technicolor Three-Color process, which was first used in the Disney cartoons, all motion pictures were colored in only two colors; namely, red- orange and green-blue. Of course the use of only two colors resulted in a limited color range. Now, however, with the perfection of a method of applying three colors, a more natural and true to life color on the screen is possible. This was brought about through the enterprise of Dr. Herbert T. Kalmus. The Technicolor Three-Color process is the nearest approach to the colors and delicate shades found in nature. It was perfected for Technicolor under the supervision of J. A. Ball, and was first commercially used in 1932 in the Walt Disney Silly Symphony, “Flowers and Trees" The same process was first used in a real-life picture, "The House of Roths- Magazine, July, 1935 by EARL THEISEN EMULSION BLUE GREEN RED SIDE LA, EMBOSSED LINES ON CELLULOID SIDE ACT AS LENSES TO SEPARATE LIGHT INTO PRIMARY COLORS. NO COLOR IS VISIBLE | LENS SIDE ON DEVELOPED FILM CROSS-SECTION 1 BLUE FILTER LIGHT FROM GREEN FILTER SCENE RED FILTER Lenses embossed in film provide color separation in Koda- color process developed by Eastman Kodak to give color movies to amateur movie fans using 16 millimeter film. Both camera and projector must have the special three- color filter, since finished Kodacolor film shows no color. child,” in a color sequence supervised by Natalie Kalmus. It was also used in “La Cucaracha,” a two-reel short which has taken the country by storm because of its beautiful color. Financed by John H. Whitney at a cost of $65,000, which is over three times the cost of an uncolored picture of the same length, this is proving to be the first notably suc- cessful color film outside of the cartoons. In photographing a Disney Silly Symphony, [Continued on page 122] 77

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America's Part in Soviet EW people realize, even today, how important a part America played in the greatest drama in his- tory, the Five Year Plan of Soviet Russia. This octopus-like rebuilding program, which pro- vided mighty power plants, towering steel mills, and humming factories surpassed in size only by the American plants after which they were patterned, was brought to a highly successful conclusion in 1932. The second Five Year Plan of the U. S. S. R., now half-completed, calls for more factories and more machines, but stresses the production and con- sumption of Soviet-made goods. With the establishment of friendly reletions be- tween the Soviet and American governments, greater and greater interest is being taken by Soviet engineers in the mass production methods employed by American manufacturers. Many Soviet commis- sions are being sent to this country to make studies in different industrial fields, and to make preliminary arrangements for the purchase of American-made machinery. In the great iron and steel-working factories American technical methods are most evident. Largest in Europe are the Gorky and AMO (Moscow) automobile factories. At Gorky alone addi N. . DNIEPROGES— WORLD'S GREATEST, - POWER PLANT “ag POWER FARMING Little more than a decade ago, there was born from revolution and chaos the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, a gigantic empire of a hundred different nationalities. The rebuilding of U. $. S. R. by Five-year Plans is the world’s greatest engineering miracle. 82 Modern Mechanix & Inventions Engineering Triumphs 140,000 Ford trucks and passenger cars a year can be turned out by American assembly line machinery. High in the Ural mountains is Magni- togorsk, largest of European steel mills, the supply center for the metal industry. Here four blast furnaces are belching flame and smoke into the heavens day and night, con- verting a daily quota of 1,000 tons of iron ore into high quality pig iron. At Kuznetz, in Central Siberia, are three huge American- type blast furnaces, half a dozen open hearth furnaces, and other steel-working equipment. Serving the steel machinery industry is the impressive Moscow ball-bearing plant, capa- ble of producing 24,000,000 steel balls and roller bearings a year, of 100 different types. Probably the largest caterpillar-type trac- tor plant in the world is at Cheliabinsk. This single plant is capable of turning out 40,000 tractors a year for Soviet agriculture and in- dustry. Soviet metal workers point with pride to the largest welded steel bridge in the world, spanning the Avushka river at Stalinsk. Starting operation this year at Kharkov, the world’s largest turbo-generator works is MAXIM СОККУ LARGEST LAND PLANE 22 American engineers, American materials, American money played по little part in ће success of Russia’s empire-rebuilding program. From this budget of work and progress came forth mighty power plants, steel mills, factories, many the largest in the world. Magazine, July, 1935 83

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EXPLORE Lake BOTTOMS With

PLUG OLD PIPE OUTLETS WIRE TO ROPE AT INTERVALS LEAD WEIGHT , SHUT-OFF \ à VALVE-o10 (N DRAIN COCK — SII PREFERABLY TYPE. HAVING 1" HOSE THREADNSI ON OUTLET LOCATE TO SUIT CONVENIENCE ~

FIG.|- COMPLETE HELMET ASSEMBLY APPROXIMATE WATER PRESSURE LBS. PER SQ.INCH

4500 n 20 x) gto ae d n Pump used must de- 30 v 13.0. 6 » au liver even flow of air 40. н. 17.5 in excess of pressure

"EXPERIENCED DIVERS ONLY shown at left for each depth to keep water out of diving helmet. by GARRY GROVER

MATEUR diving is rapidly becoming orie of the most popular of summer sports. Along both the Atlantic and Pacific seaboards and in almost every inland lake and river, under-water éxplorers are rapidly pushing back the last American frontier, delving into secrets of nature which for countless ages have been concealed by tons and tons of water. With the diving helmet described here, a measured depth of approximately fifty feet, believed to be a record for amateur divers, was reached at Lake Minnetonka, near Min- neapolis, Minn. Many other dives made with this helmet have been over an hour in length. If a few simple precautions are observed, there is no more danger in diving with a helmet than in ordinary swimming. The added fea- ture of the two-way radiophone set, eliminates many of the dangers of amateur diving. The person at the surface, operating the pumps, is 92 BOLT LEAD WEIGHTS SECURELY TO HELMET TO PUMP HOSE PADDING WIRED TO HELMET Complete diving unit as used by author of this article. Phone set worn is the one used by shore man.

yu RADIUS OF HELMET7”7 Frame B f —Fic.2— PORT FRAMES 4 PORI FRAMES FOLD ON THE DOTTED LINES

FRAME B- SOLDER ÓR WELD FRAMES TOGETHER SEATING GLASS WITH PLENTY OF MARINE CEMENT FIG.3-PORT DETAILS

Glass port must be watertight, strong enough to resist pressure at maximum depth. Be sure to use good plate glass, cemented in place. BEND OUT always in direct communication with the diver, and knows just what he is doing. The helmet is constructed from the top of an ordinary hot water tank. The tank should be cut sufficiently long to allow the user plenty of head room. It is then cut to fit over the shoulders and chest as shown in Figures 1 and 4. This should be done with care, as a good fit means more comfort and less loss of air. Next, the port or window should be cut out. This is best located by trying the helmet on and marking the approximate position. Modern Mechanix & Inventions

RADIOPHONE This helmet for amateur divers, with its built-in two-way radiophone communica- tion system, is designed for both pleasure and profit. With it you can carry out under-water photography, study the habits of fish, locate sunken outboard motots and boats, or merely explore. SOLDER a TOP OF ORDINARY HOT WATER TANK

LEAD WEIGHT IT SNUG TO

HOULDERS ND CHEST

VA DETAIL OF BREAST PLATE FoR BATTERY & TRANSMITTER

Saas’ TOP VIEW 4 -THREE-VIEW F HELMET Cut helmet from old water tank, to size which will give sufficient head room. Hose and safety line should be about 50 feet long. and new. Bolts hold each weight, AMATEUR DIVING PRECAUTIONS Unless you are a good swimmer, don't try diving. Make only shallow dives until you have had some experience in walking under water with a weighted helmet. Be sure a good swimmer is always at hand in case of accident. The cold water tnay bring on cramps. Use two safety ropes, one around your waist, the other attached to the helmet, and both tied to the air line at intervals. Both ropes and hose should be new. Under ordinary circumstances, do not go deeper than 30 feet with this helmet. Deeper dives involve an element of danger, and are best made with regular diving suits. If the water is rising in your helmet, call for more air. You can always push off the helmet and swim to the surface if the pumps stop or the air line breaks. Magazine, July, 1935 р CUT FROM OLD INNER TUBE

DIVING Helmet

reise = зе. SHORE SET

Ready to dive—lead weights sink helmet slowly when air is pumped in. No shoul- der straps are needed. HELMET SET~acts AS TRANSMITTER & RECEIVER -< "C" BATTERY: FIG. 5-- TELEPHONE ЇЇ) WIRING DIAGRAM d Radio earphones act as both transmitter and receiver in this simple communication system which permits diver to give instructions to man at surface. А 4'-volt C battery supplies the power— large battery may be used if more volume is desired. Two waterproof wires are run from helmet to surface.

The size of.the port depends upon the in- dividual, but should be at least 6"x8". These cuts may be made either with a cold chisel or with a cutting torch. The latter is the more simple but it is also more expensive. The window frame “B” is made as shown in Fig. 2, from heavy galvanized iron, and soldered into place. The frame “A” is made of the same material but is made enough larger to fit over frame "B". Plate glass: is used for the port glass and is held in place with some type of marine cement or ordinary aquarium cement obtainable at pet shops. The cement used should be thick and pasty, but should not harden too hard. The frame “A” is then soldered into place. The shoulder padding is made from garden hose. The hose is split lengthwise and wired through small holes drilled around the base of the helmet, as shown in detail sketches, Fig. 4. [Continued on page 124] 93

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A Semi-Log Cabin for by O. E. OLSON pearance, this cabin is economically ideal for that summer retreat. NYONE handy with tools can build this summer cabin. The semi-log trimming gives it a pleasant rustic appearance. The use of pressed wood panels greatly simplifies its construction and per- forms a double duty by providing a neat, smooth interior finish. The cabin is twenty by twenty-eight feet in size and has four rooms, including the porch. It can be built at low cost, from $200 to $300, depending on location and the price of logs in the vicinity. The timber can be cut by the builder, reducing his expense. In that case, it is necessary to cut the logs and peel them a season ahead of time to allow time for drying. Logs, already peeled and sea- soned, can usually be purchased in the KITCHEN 9 хо LIVING ROOM Wx 20 SPLIT LOG STUD TRIM-LOG SPLIT AND SPIKED TO SILL. “Seca RAPTERS ——— “тщ =>} E EDS ROOF OF iXi2"sHIPLAP 4 = EX6 TIMBER SILLS ^ dg @ shim LeveL EXPOSED , y, PLATE 2° 4% oy TRIM-LOG NOTCHED бу 6“, AND MITERED г 9X6 SILL Fig. 1 shows floor plan of the cabin which can be changed to suit builder. rest on a 6" square beam running down the center of the floor plan. beam also. The sunburst effect in Fig. 4 is an attractive featute, 98 . The 2"x6" floor joists in Figs. 2 and 3 It is advisable to use concrete piers under this yet provides a sturdy support for the roof. Modern Mechanix & Inventions Magazine, July, 1935 Your Vacation Home Here is a side view of the completed cabin, showing the sunburst roof supports and rear door from the kitchen. vicinity. Portable saw mills can also be found in the timber country. They can be brought to the cabin site to split the logs at a nominal cost. An experienced builder, with adequate help, can construct this cabin and have it ready for occupancy in a few days. Approximately sixty well seasoned pine or cedar logs of 8-foot lengths are required for the construction of the cabin. These logs or posts should be selected for uniform size and straightness, 8" butts being preferred. With the material on location, start with the foundation. If the soil is light or sandy dig down about a foot and partly fill the hole with rocks, erect a shallow box for the upper form and pour in concrete. Make twelve such piers locating one directly under the chimney stool If large rocks are plentiful and the ground firm, use boulders, well set, in place of concrete piers. Place 6" by 6" sills level on the foundation in such a manner as to leave room for the trim-log, as shown in Fig. 2. Rip off one edge of trim-log to allow at least PLASTER BOARD PARTITIONS CONSTRUCT A 6° MITER BOX TO SQUARE-CUT HALF-LOGS FLASHING ОЕ TIN OR COPPER MOUNT MITER BOX ON SAWHORSE By building the miter box in Fig. 8 square cutting of logs will be simplified. above the floor, Shelving, built into the stool, provides pantry space in the kitchen. The chimney rests on a stool five feet Lay roofing as shown in Fig. 10. 99

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DETAIL OF d SPRIT HITCH DETAIL OF SHEET HITCH EA | ЗЇ RAKE CLUB - 2'- LONG -11/4"D, AT CENTER MAINSAIL.- 64 SQ.FT, р

2" SPRIT-Y8"-8" LONG.

Completing by SAM S. RABL oA AST ESK Naval Architect TOP TO DECK “OMIT JIB IF Š A Here is a boat that will meet the needs of in- land water sailors. Her four designs provide a selection that answers all purposes. FORESTAY К` J secure watertightness at these points. Note also how spruce blocks are fitted between the weight. beams wherever.a fitting is placed on the deck or where mast tubes go through the deck. (Fig. 15). The deck edges are supported by %” diameter steel tubes of the seamless and thin wall variety as shown in Sections CC & BB, MAINSTAY B GALV. STRANDED CABLE

б ч. SEE FIG.I3 FOR FOR BOOM DETAIL #3 "2 #1 SCALE_IN_ FEET FIG. 12 — RACING RIG AND SAIL PLAN. $^ m 27 3 4

Here is Nomad rigged as a racing sloop. Mast and boom are hollow to reduce Note breakwater ahead of cockpit to turn down waves washing over. Fig. 15. They may be purchased from any airplane supply house. The wall thickness should be as thin as it is possible to obtain and the ends should be heated to a cherry red before flattening. 'The tubes should be

FIG.14 — DETAIL OF HOLLOW RACING MAST -SHAPE FROM SITKA SPRUCE DECK LINE WALL THICKNESS AT ANY GIVEN POIN

WRAP TIGHTLY WITH PINKED AIRPLANE DOPE, SAND DOWN AND FINISH WITH SEVERAL COATS OF GOOD VARNISH DIAMETER OF SPAR

CRUTCH s- з“ JOINT-CASEIN GLUED BULKHEADS AT S 12" INTERVALS |, F PLywoon -2> RESIN COATED NAILS STANDARD

ALL JOINTS CASEIN GLUED SECTION-A-A OPE FIG.I3 - DETAIL OF — ES ELEXIBLE RACING BOOM

The racing spars are built as shown above. fully follow directions in the text. Magazine, July, 1935 The mast is stepped in the usual manner. T o Note that bulkheads are spaced on 9” centers in the flexible racing boom above. Tn hollowing out the mast care- 109

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