The Carpenter (March, 1930)
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Sr a i “292 ZS Ss — Za | Z —- Published monthly by the- United Brotherhood of Car- penters and Joiners. of America, at 222 E. Mich- igan St., Indianapolis, Ind. One Dollar per year. Hn- tered as second-class mat- ter, | 22, 1915, at the Post Office of. Indianapolis, Ind., under Act of Congress, Aug. 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of Oc-- tober 8, 1917, authorized on July 8, 1918. Volume L No. 3 ey iW 2>_ iS DS ih = SS ‘WN \\ a = 5S —= ——————<——— } \ Sie ‘hl . a. —————— — \\\\ ‘“S : i ap — } HAN LW) Zz AA : | iy, p" MH// / Hy ft i 4 y N ~“ \ \ / TAWA VAM
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With the New Improved Sheet- rock you can do a wallboard job that will be way ahead of any- thing you’ve ever done before. The new marking on the back of each panel identifies it. This perfected wallboard’s many new features make it easy to do a top-notch job that pleases everyone. The new ivory-colored Sheetrock surface is tough. It Use SHEETROCK for: New Rooms— Garage, Attic and Basement Linings — Fireproofing Over Heating Plants—Partitions and Store Additions. SHEETROC A eee OF UNITED STATES dims COMPA Reg. U.S. Pat Off.) build your reputation for good work ‘flexibility. It joins snugly Let this — perfectec wallboard resists scuffing and abrasion. It is ready for any type of decoratio An improved gypsum core, in combination with the tough covering, gives, New Improved Sheetrock added strength anc provides smooth, even wall s faces. Use this remarkable ney wallboard to build your repute tion for good work. UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPAN Department 4A | General Offices: ~~ 300 W. Adams Street, Chicago, Ill. Su | Sole Distributors for Canada: —— Canadian Gypsum Company, Ltd. e | 601-2 Commerce & Transportation Bldg., Toronto, Ontario THE FIREPROO} WALLBOAR 7
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THE WORLDS GREATEST HAMMER | tn 4 ) BALANCE i.e | STRENGTH > } NAIL HOLDER |} - : \\ I TOUGH HANDLE | WS FINISH CHENEY NAILER LG This wonderful hammer with its balance and drive is all that the perfect hammer should be and in addition, the nail $1.50 to. drive aalle’ iu, the-hard tor 1 tb. HAMMER get-at-places all go to make the EAST OF THE Cheney Nailer the world’s greatest hammer. ' MinSiteas Get one today at your dealers or. if he does not carry it send us $1.50 and we will send you you by mail ell postage paid. . MAIL THIS PRENTISS VISECO. COUPON 106 LAFAYETTE STREET NOW NEW YORK CITY PRENTISS VISE CO., 106 LAFAYETTE ST., NEW YORK CITY Please mail me a 1 lb. CHENEY NAILER for enclosed $1.50. es See... Ge. ee ee — ee eS | MME . leg... se a ee ee ee SS MY DEALER’S Sn Gee SOR moe.. i... 4... ea a ee PRICE
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. TANLEY 1. The Careful Selection and Seasoning of the wood. Careful seasoning of the sticks under most favorable conditions prevents swell- _ No. 68A—Two foot, four fold, ing or shrinking of rule. Extra heavy figures. 2. The weight of the metal in the joints and trim- mings. Reenforced joints stand up | under continual opening No. 62 — Full Bound Two foot — Four fold. ALUMINUM “ZIG ZAG” RULES No. 7 Blindman’s No. 126 Rolled Aluminum Two foot, four fold. Extra large figures. Straight line can be drawn along en- tire length of rule. Will not bend. Rust-proof. Blindman’s figures. Six inch folds. These are but a few of the long line of Stanley Rules—every one No. 32 Caliper One foot, four fold. Brass Slide. Catalog No. 34 THE STANLEY RULE | | NEW BRITAIN,
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RULE and closing without the annoyance of the rule “jack- knifing.” “ZIG ZAG” RULES 3. Graduations are accu- rate. No danger of misfits due to error in rules. 4. Careful finishing. No. 06 Yellow No. 106 White Six inch folds, concealed joints. The fine finish put on Stan- ley Rules is long wearing and helps to keep sticks accurate. No. H06 Hook Rule Convenient for measurements beyond one’s reach. Six inch folds, concealed joints. ALUMINUM “ZIG ZAG” RULES No. 426 Cast Aluminum Raised figures on black background. Tempered to make them stiff and to prevent bending. Six inch folds. of which has been designed to i No. 206 Extension Rules stand the grind of everyday use. Convenient for inside measurements. sent upon request Six inch folds, concealed joints. AND LEVEL PLANT CONNECTICUT P" MOST CARPENTERS ‘4 ES Pe : A OT
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A FRANTIC CALL MEN WHO CAN — BLUE PRINTS And Run Jobs Paying Up To $12,000 a Year See how easy it is now for any carpenter to get ahead in the building game. Nowhere else does such simple training count for so much. Nowhere else are there so many countless thousands of openings as there are with contractors, builders and real estate firms, who are con- stantly calling for practical men who can read blue prints. Seven billion dollars will be spent this year for building. Trained carpenters are at a premium in this gigantic industry. Untold thousands are need- ed at steady salaries far above the scale wage. 90 N° longer is it necessary for ambitious carpenters to spend years learning all the “mysteries” of blue print plan reading. For now you can get the blue print training in three months that has taken others years to pick up “on the job.” We train you at home in spare time by the fascinating “‘blue- print-method” with lessons that are as easy to read as your newspaper. You do not need more than a common school education. There is no hard, erinding study—the whole course is just like playing some interesting new game. : DAYS’ EASY TRAINING PUTS YOU ON THE WAY TO A BIG- PAY “BLUE PRINT” JOB! SIMPLE AND EASY As A-B-C These plans and lessons come to you from the oldest and largest school of building con- struction in the country. This is the kind of training that puts men quickly into jobs paying up to $12,000 a year, and in contracting businesses of their own. You learn from actual blue print plans—from _ prac- tical building experts. You learn how to read all the plans —estimate all the costs—and supervise the entire construc- tion of a building. You learn everything a foreman, superin- : fu va Be tears i: eh dK ss { ca) 1 7 { ’ | a ~~
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tendent or contrac-, tor has to know. A BIG PAY JOB, OR YOUR OWN BUSINESS With this quick, easy trainings the building field is wide open to practical earnest men who want to become foremen and superintendents—or who would like to go into business for themselves. Bur- gert, Ill., stepped into a Fore- manship at a 200% increase in salary. Clifford Scholl went from. a laborer to Ass’t Superintendent in S months. Marchand, La., writes: “Mv salary is now increased 196%.” After finishing his training, Baker, Ohio, made $3,800 clear profit in 3 months as a Contractor. Depke, R. I., increased his salary 700% in 12 months. iF YOU LIVE IN OR NEAR CHICAGO If you really want more money—if you hope to own a busi- ness of your own— if you want quick advancement in the building business— decide now to get this training that you must have for a real success. o Technical Visit our Builders, School for open day or evening. A _ thousand men attend each year. Enter any time. You can get wie same trail- ing a: home, by mail. Same plans; same les- sons; Same _ instructors. The coupon brings ail facts Free. SCHOOL for BUILDER Dept. C-103, Chicago Tech Bldg. 118 E. 26th ST. Peesseo Brick ¢ rvondey Y Weoe Baackey \ Syeps —P CHICAGO, ILL. FS STeve BRackers $3 FREE BOOK! Simply mail the coupon £ below for an intensely interesting Iree Book “How To Read Blue Prints,” and full in- formation. See wat amazing ' opportuni- ties open up for you in the seven Dillion dollar building field Don't delay. Act now. Simply mail the coupon below. hatat at iio a Ee ETT Ng Seats TE St . Chicago Technical School for Builders, { Dirt. C-!03. 118 E. 26th Street, | Chicago, II. Send me, without obligation, your free book, j “How ‘To Read Biue Prints.” and full details of tue course and the opportunities in the [ building field. It is understood that no sales- man will call on me. OUP ORS.... .. si ie. Sa a. Se I et ee ee eee ee eee eee bee seer, ys aiicae 24) (eS) ae ele ~
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MAKE REAL MONEY $25 to $75 a Day Sanding Floors Ki: $7,000 or more a year. The demand for skilled floor finishing greatly exceeds the supply. Today, hundreds of carpenters like yourself are their own boss, making $25 to $75 a day, letting their skill make them independent. You can do it, too. We've taken the gamble out—you can get in on the big money without taking a chance. The way is certain —the rewards are sure. Let’s go. Here’s how you do it: Skill Built Into the Machine It's easy. Operate the powerful, fast-cutting CLARKE VACUUM PORTABLE SANDER. This wonderful machine does the work of many men, and gives you the credit and the pay. Highest quality work is assured. The skill is built right into the machine. And in quantity, the CLARKE fairly eats up work. How’s this for speed? With the CLARKE you can put a_beauti- ful, smooth finish on 900 to 2200 sq. ft. of new floor in 8 hours, You can refinish 01d varnished floor to velvety smoothness at the rate of 300 to 1000 sq. ft. per day, without the use of varnish re- mover or neutralizer. Figure out Your Profits The smooth, sweet jobs you can do with your CLARKE will bring the best pay anywhere. Regular rates on this work are 24c to 5c a foot on new floors and 7c to 15c a foot for refinishing old floors And you put the money in your own pocket. No truck or crew i: needed to haul the CLARKE. Carry it to the job in one hand Actual weight only 31 lbs. It runs off any light socket. N special wiring or power to pay for. The CLARKE works in closets and halls. Small areas are done as easily as large rooms. The machine gets in so close to walls that the baseboard and quarter round practically cover what’s left. No muss either! A powerful, in-built vacuum gets all the dust. We Will Prove All We Say You take no chance. We mean it. We will give you an absolute, definite, written guarantee of performance with the CLARKE -VACUUM PORTABLE SANDER. This is YOUR Opportunity Money—Success—Independence. These are within your easy grasp. Your skill and training as a carpenter can be used to get them. You can cash in on your ability in this work that you are ideally fitted for. Do not hesitate. Write today for all the facts about this unusual proposition. Ask us to prove we're right. We'll do it gladly, without any obligation on your part. You can make big money. The longer you wait before starting, the more money you are losing. Send the coupon NOW. Clarke Sanding Machine Co. Dept. C-438, 3817 Cortland St., Chicago, Ill. Originators and, for 13 years, Manufacturers of Portable Sanding Machines. a—e—eVAIL THIS FOR THE FACTS: -_— Clarke Sanding Machine Co., Dept. C-43, 3817 Cortland St., | Chicago, Illinois. Gentlemen: Send me the actual facts about the CLARKE VACUUM PORTABLE SANDER and how I can make I to $75 a day. No obligation to me. DIR xb Pace «Rew es. ER. 0 Siw SS ie ss Mihkce, «Bir a ce | CC Le a a eens Ne, ee eR ee ca ee, See ee DURES... « Ji. «sweeten . | aT Fee,
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Here Lies the Secret of Perfect Operation See How Quickly this Set Can Be Be Installed A SET THAT Jt | GIVES Twice (Li the Belistaction FOR |/2 the Cost/ Garage Door Fixtures No. 550 (pat- ent pending )—the result of years of experiment—have become one of the most popular sets in the FrantZ Guaranteed Builders’ Hardware Line. First, because the No. 550 Set is de- signed to eliminate all the troubles and annoyances common to ‘‘Around- the-Corner”’ garage door operation. Second, because No. 550 Fixtures sell at a much lower price than it has been customary to pay for ‘“A- round-the-Cor- ner’ type of equipment. With No. 550 Fix- tures,allthedoors roll ’round the corner smoothly and easily—en- tirely out of the way. The automatic door guide makes it unnecessary to guide the separate passage door by hand. This unique invention holds the passage door in position and supports its weight while the doors are being operated. And too, the opening can be cleared without enter- ing the garage. Installing No. 550 Fixtures is a sim- ple task. The hardware all fastens in place without cutting or fitting in any way. The ‘‘Rollaway’’ Track re- quires no blocking or bracing—it fastens flat, on the header over the opening, and on the side wall. Each’ No. 550 Set is packed strong fibre carton with all neces- sary screws, bolts, lag screws for track, etc., and a complete instruc- tion sheet for installing. in @ GET pen - ol ON THE No. 550 SET __MAIL THE COUPON | A pbooklet that illustrates how the new FrantZ No. 550. Fixtures operate and explains their construction RANT TRADE MARK Guuanted Builders Hardware FRANTZ MFG. CO., Dept. C-3 Sterling, Dlinois. Kindly send me booklet that gives details about the New No. 550 in detail is offered FREE Garage Jdoor Set. (Print name plainly). Send the Coupon! ee a ee | ae P| eM a ae a a My Hdw. Dealer is.........
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ust A year old...on Marci 1.1930 but what a big baby it’s grown to be/ HO ever heard of such an astound- ing growth in one year? Born March 1, 1929 of distinguished parent- age, this promising infant of the Millers Falls family was soon permanently adopted by thousands of experts—car- penters, cabinet makers, craftsmen... men who know and use good tools. On behalf of the truth it must be stated that the Millers Falls Line of Planes started in life with unusual advantages. Months of careful experimentation by capable engineers, years of experience in tool making—these were but a begin- ning. The result was a line of Planes that improved the good points and elim- inated the difficulties hitherto experi- enced. Chattering—the age old cause of trou- ble—is done away with in Millers Falls Planes. A new feature in Planes—a 3- point bearing of the lever cap—keeps the cutter flat the entire length of the seat and holds the blade firmly at the correct cutting angle. Improved plane cutters which need less sharpening and reconditioning are the result of a profound knowledge of fine tool steels and a new process of tem- pering the cutters electrically. Other improvements include extra reinforce- ments of the bottoms and frogs and a thickness and width of the lever cap— the most frequent point of breakage— which enables you to clamp the cutter as tightly as you want. The Millers Falls Line of Planes is complete, too— bench planes from 7 to 24 inches, smooth or corrugated bottoms, and 21 models of block planes. Ask your dealer to show you Millers Falls Planes. He’ll take one apart and let you see for yourself the unusual improvements which feature the line and what they’ll do for you. We'll be glad to send you a leaflet free of charge showing all the 46 numbers. Write to- day to Millers Falls Company, Millers Falls, Mass.; New York: 28 Warren Street; Chicago: 9 So, Clinton Street, MILLERS FALLS TOOLS CABLE ADDRESS: MILLERFALL NEW YORK ~ MILLERS FALLS TOOLS ~- .
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With Saw ALL CUTS At Any Angle Speed of 4000824 HE Workace Radial Saw is popular priced machine that drives building costs down and profits up. This agile high speed machine handles all cutting operations at any angle. It is adapted for compound mitering, cut-off work, ripping, dadoing, tenoning and _ routing, shaping, fluting, boring, sanding—practic- ally every cutting operation done in building. Se - Lower Your $ 1 cy? Bids — Make More Profits F. QO. B. Chicago ! a4 * , 2 The Workace Radial , Cast iron table and Saw is direct dni legs $25 extra or f i per rom any convenient wood table and ad- .; ; ee om electric light or pow- justable legs $30 eg- erline. The maak _— is compact and eas- , ily portable. Use it in the shop, take it out on the job or move it from floor to floor in the building. Your ehoice of tables, either cast iron 193” x 17” x 32” high or the hard wooden table 56” x 113” x 32” high with adjustable legs. The stock lies flat on the table and the saw travels rapidly through the work. LEHasy to operate. No need to handle stock after it is placed on table. Saves time, saves material, saves power. The coupon will bring complete details, J.D. WALLACE & CO. SS a 154 S. California Ave., Chicago, IIl. Workace Electric Shaper The Workace Shaper is a powerful, direct driven time and money saver for making moulding. Adjustable table. Easily portable. Operates from any con- venient power or light socket. Diameter of ta- ble 16”, height to table 13”. Motor 3 h. p. Uni- versal type. F. O. B. Chicago J. D. Wallace & Co., 154 S. California Ave. Chicago, Ill. Please send complete catalog describing: [] Workace Radial Saw []) Workace Electric Shaper
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FOR CAREFUL, FUSSY WORK = Its remarkable hang makes _ every blow fall true, face and sides have just enough crown to prevent mar- ring the wood, claws will pull the smallest brad or largest nail without slipping . . . Maydole Hammers are built for men who know tools and like to work with good ones. Press-forged tool steel heads, clear USE A MAYDOLE HAMMER second growth hickory handles that have been air dried for years and put into the heads “for good’’— the finest hammer that money can buy. Your dealer carries them, ask him to show you the style you want. Write us for a free copy of Pocket Handbook 23 ‘A’’, Maydole | Hammers The David Maydole Hammer Co., Norwich, N. Y. 3606
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“$3.00 S NOW... Amazing Strips of ent on This Room ill SaveYou$ 100” a Lifetime Bronze Save Home Owners $30 to%60 aYear! N2 More Big Fuel Bills! No More Cold, Draughty Rooms! No More Dust, Soot, and Smoke! Amazing, New Invention Is Creat- ing Thousands of Big Money Op- portunities for Live-Wire Repre- sentatives. Red-D-Ply, New Kind of Metal Weatherstrip That Any- one Can Apply to Any Door or Window in a Few Minutes Does the Trick. Keeps Cold Draughts Out, Heat In! Guaranteed - to Save Its Trifling Cost in Two Winters! Snap Up This New Money-Maker Now! “Our coal bills cut in half!” “Saved $50 in a single winter !’’ “Not a luxury—a _ real invest- ment.” Foiks have hither to thought of metal weatherstripping as ea- pensive, and difficult to install. Imagine their delight when you show them Red-D-Ply! Each pack- age contains material to complete- ly,.weatherproof any door or win- dow in half an hour, with no ea- perience and no tools but a tack hammer and scissors! Slides into position without removing sashes or doors. Completely closes chinks and cracks where cold draughts sneak in to steal heating dollars, besides causing endless discomfort and sickness. Red-D-Ply also keeps out rain, dust, and soot. Makes windows slide easier and banishes A Double-Barreled Money Maker for Agents Up to $400 and $600 a Month The .Year ’Round! wonder Red-D-Ply offers such amazing profits to representa- tives ? Just Count Windows and Doors A single block, even in small towns, may yield you as much as $200 or $300 in quick com- missions! Just count the out- side doors'and windows in any home, figure up the fuel sav- ings Red-D-Ply will give, and your sale is already half made! For Red-D-Ply is GUARAN- TEED to save its cost in two winters—and ordinarily does it in one! The cost averages about the price of an auto tire. And the saving goes on year after year—for no matter how windows and doors swell or shrink Red-D-Ply AUTOMAT- ICALLY adjusts itself to suit. Repeat Business—Installation Profits The repeat business is simply enormous! Even if you don’t sell a com- | plete installation on the ‘or so—then come back for or- der after order, and make the same or greater profit every time ! Makeextra money through installations ! Territories Going Fast—Act at Oncel Red-D-Ply offers such surpris- ing profits in a new non-com- petitive field that hundreds are dropping everything to take over territory. HException- ally generous proposition, with ready-cut selling plan absolute proof against failure. It in- sures repeat business. New buildings alone furnish a wonderful field—112,754 new -homes built this year need Red-D-Ply. We furnish everything to start a permanent, pro- fitable business. This is only half the story. Will you risk a 2c stamp to hear the rest, if it may mean $5000—$7500 in a year to you? Then mail the coupon for full particulars and a FREE SAMPLE of Red-D-Ply. No obligations. Get the facts and judge for yourself if this is not the proposition you have waited for all your life. Red-D-Ply Mfg. Co. Dept. C-I11 1531 Washington Ave. St. Louis, Mo. GET FREE SAMPLE Mail Coupon rattles! Does away with storm first call make a test in- Red-D-Mfg. Co., Dept. C-II! windows and doors. Is it any stallation of one room 1531 Washington Ave., St. Louis, Mo. ; Send Free Sample of Red-D-Ply and full details of your proposition to Representa- tives. I am not obligated by this request. = cae | ll | Address ..2.2si ss ec Trade Mark Registered | | Se Stete sce The Universal City : A SE me EE Se | ee. Weatherstripping—Anyone Can Afford Sell It Install It
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} ’ | 4 | ’ , in \\ | | \ psf! CE WY y : ; = Zl Pa Ais . A le ue f SS |__ ii Qi Py NO Ae \ = A \ \yYe7F Y \ ‘ ‘ g = } . ad if tA ; J y! 77 : | ry ak o D er ee ar se Panelized Timber Makes Many Jobs _ for the Carpenter : N EVERY type of building, in every month of the year, Cornell Wood Board makes many jobs for the carpenter. On new construction and old work—on main- tenance and shop jobs—it creates profitable business for the trade—keeps men busy. Cornell Wood Boards save for the carpenter jobs of insu- lating, remodeling, rebuilding and strengthening that would otherwise be done with different types of materials by other trades. And Cornell, while helping out the car- penter’s income, makes many of his tasks less laborious. Cornell Wood Products Co. 307 No. Michigan Ave. | Chicago, Ill. — a. ' re,
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e Starret The coupon on this page will bring you the new Starrett Catalog, de- scribing and illustrating over 2500 Starrett Tools, Tapes, and Hacksaws. It presents many new tools, many im- provements in the tools you already know. @ Your kit isn't complete with- out this new catalog. Tear out the coupon; fill it in; mail it today. | Use THE L. S. STARRETT CO., Athol, Massachusetts Gentlemen: Please send me my copy of Starrett Catalog No. 25 “E.” NAME POSS LOS OOS LLL SL LGLGOSOL GLO LOLL LOSSLESS EROT EAST SS COYLE STOTT SS SSS TOSS OSES SS SESS OES ESTES HOSES OTE See ee Bere r eres Ee eees cee ee ween oon coerce rece ec ccescesseeecensesoesesose ADDRESS SOOO OS LOSSES SELSO ESSE SISO LOL ODENSE OE SOLS BEERS ORO SS OSES SOSH E HRS SESS HS SOE ESS SES EE SSS SO ESET EE SO wees wee w eee ses wee cece eee Cee e ewes en ce coor eececcescesocecs oneeeceoe Soe S SMO CSSSSSSOSSODOSSOUSSSOSES CUSSRSONS ECCS STEW OSES Sc oes Coser eee ree es ce we eewes Sec es cree Crores coewrcerceterccesew cece eons meccoec coc cous ccoececeecesocescccesocovosescocecesscesees
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ing, steady business of your own the Free Plan Helps You Start Be Independent! Have a fine pay- year ’round. No dull times or lay-offs | when you are filing saws on the Foley |G Automatic Saw Filer. Start in Spare Time. You can get plenty of business from other carpenters, contractors and others. Jt Pays Big Profits. Boys of 14 and men of 70 are making money with the Foley. You can make extra money while start- ing—The perfect filing done by the Foley brings a fine business from steady, repeat customers. The Foley Model F-§ “3 -Way” Art: Saw Filer This one machine files all kinds of hand saws, band saws and circular saws automatically, with such mechanical precision that every tooth is made exactly even and uniform in height, size and spac- ing. This makes every tooth cut, and Foley-filed saws cut better, easier, faster, truer and stay sharp longer. The Foley is easy to operate—no eye-strain. Keep Your Own Saws Sharp The Foley files saws better than the most expert hand filer. S. J. Bottomley writes, “I have filed saws for 40 years, but the Foley Filer has me beat.’’ After you have once used a Foley-Filed saw, you won’t want any other. Made °100 Extra ‘“. .. The Foley is the only machine for doing perfect work on all kinds of saws. . . it paid for itself and made $100 ex- Pee ee W. A. Adams *3000 In Past Year “IT have the best saw filing business in this community and earned $3000 in the past year. I can easily file a saw in less than 15 minutes with the Foley . -. It is not unusual for me to get saws from customers 10 or 15 miles away...” Brunick Serdinsky Hundreds of carpenters are making extra money and have their own cash businesses with their Foleys. Free Plan tells you how YOU can do the same. Send coupon below for full information. - Hi f t . Cc 487 Foley Bldg. 11 Mai 2 aN “SE 0 cy d a u d b u rl n g 0 - Minnsaptia: eplnnnaoes Please send me Free Plan telling how I can start my own saw-filing business and make Extra Money with the Foley. ON FSS ee ree hat TT Mn SN NS AE A PAGAL OOS 5.60 6866: 016 34 4 a hoe ak ee
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oi for extra profits ~~ ~equip your sander with these efficient UNION* ~ A a aN © nm aL EI FLOOR cerns G SHEETS Always Ready for Use. These handy-economical-sheets are flexed at exactly the right point when manu- factured, so that the ends slip easily into the drum-throat without folding or hand filexing. Cracking-chipping and peeling, the usual causes of trouble, are eliminated by this patented construction. The sheet forms a smooth unbroken surface around the drum, giving an eversharp working tool until the sheet is actually worn out. Every Floor Surfacer. will recognize the practicability of Endflex sheets and the diffi- culties they solve. Union Endflex sheets are surfaced with LUMNITE, an extremely hard, sharp abrasive product of the Electric Furnace, which is bonded to the tough paper-back with a special glue. (4s one of the oldest glue houses in the world we know how to make glues that hold things together_) The combination of LUMNITE, Tough Paper, Special Glue and the exclusive Endfiex construction offers you more in a single sheet of surfacing paper than ever before has been obtainable. Endflex sheets are also made with Garnet Sanding Sur- face for use on old or soft-wood floors. Endfiex sheets save time, temper and money by eliminating cutting and fitting of sheets from rolls. They give more service from every sheet with fewer changes of paper. When you purchase your next supply of Surfacing Paper insist upon Union Endfliex Sheets. If the dealer who supplies your floor materials does not carry them send us his name and address. AMERICAN GLUE COMPANY | 125 Beverly Street, Boston 14 Ferry St., New York 30x 580, High Point, N. C. 408 Elm St., St. Louis Drexel Bldg.,. Philadelphia - 8630 Iron St., Chicago Fairfax & Rankin, San 7310 Woodward Ave., Detroit Francisco Mail this Please send, on approval, one fake of Sander box of 20 Endfiex Sheets as specified. If satisfied, after fair @uare Throat a trial, with quality and saving Lumnite Mineral...... Grade No....... in cost I agree to remit as Garnet Mineral....... Grade No.....:... billed, otherwise return unused [ull size of sheet including tuck-in Ce er Inches Ee es ee ee AGERE. . .«.... divine ee City sce MEGrees 0.6 6k 0 04essie ae
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and now for a Good Time in SWEET-ORRS! ¢ Been wearing Sweet-Orr over- Yes ‘sir. Sweet-Orr trousers alls all day. Worked hard but — will please young men and old. the old Sweet-Orrs were so Snappy, up-to-the-minute fab- comfortable he’s not tired a rics that are bound to satisfy. bit. So he’s stepping out to- And made with the exacting night—trousers tailored by care that has made Sweet-Orr Sweet-Orr. famous since 1871. Yowll look better, feel better and get more wear if you insist on dress trousers “ tailored by Sweet-Orr”. Sweet-Orre& Co. Inc. 15 Union Square, New York PANTS - OVERALLS - SHIRTS “FIRST TO ADOPT THE UNION LABEL!’
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Just push! Spring pra nges handle back for next push. In a _ jiffy you have the right- size hole for the screw. - a =e —‘a hundred times more useful” — ‘“\ 7 ANKEE” Tools are made for con- venience, for speed, for working ca- pacity. They save the man; his labor. Give service; long wear; the cheapest in the end. A “Yankee” Tool is not made the same as some other tool. No ‘‘Yankee”’ Tool is made—unless it will do its par- ticular job better than any other tool. That is the rule of ‘‘Yankee’’ tool- making ... from plain screw-drivers to spiral ratchet screw-drivers; from push drills to bench drills. No other push drill is like a “Yankee” Automatic Push Drill. | You will save by buying a genuine “Yankee”: ‘ta hundred times more use- ful.”” A cheap imitation is an endless extravagance. “Yankee”? Automatic Push Drill, like over. No. 41 ‘‘Yan- kee”’ Push Drill with set ten- sion, $2.60. No. 44 ““Yan- kee’’ Push Drill with adjust- able tension, $3.15. Ask tool dealer for “Yankee.” QO O+ revere | “¥YOOES NORTH BROS. MFG. CO., Lehigh Avenue, Philadelphia, U. S. A. I agree with what you say in The Carpenter about good tools being cheapest in the end. Send me “Yankee” Tool Book showing Bit Braces with famous ‘‘Yankee Ratchet, Quick-Return Spiral Screw-drivers, Ratchet _Screw-drivers, New Two- speed (11-inch) Hand Drills, Ratchet Tap Wrenches, Removabdle-base Vises, Rat- chet Breast, Hand and Chain Drills, Automatic Bench Drills, Ete. Address i ae te eer POE Tr Re @ the ‘‘Yankee”’ Spiral Screw- driver, is standard the world ANKEE’ Se" SAVE TIME... SAVE LABOR Fight ‘‘Yankee” Drilling points, 1-16” to ll-eaee conveniently ar- ranged in han- dle. Each drill- point ‘Yankee’ tested.
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WAG SSS Sa Se MQ QQAQAQAAL RRR ED XS UK WX ee The Greatest of All Saw Files and the New Disston Strong- ys 5 C hold Saw File Handle, both for O introduce quickly the new Disston Stronghold Saw File Handle, illustrated in its actual size and shape at the right, we will send you, postpaid, this new file handle and a Disston Special Extra-Slim Blunt 6-inch Saw File for the price of the file alone—25 cents. The file handle, regu- larly sold for 15 cents, is our gift to you. This handle is a special shape and size, made for saw filing. It is the same as those used by the saw filers in the Disston Saw Works. It lessens wrist-strain, is comfortable in the hand, gives you better control of the file and insures more accurate work. Its shape and size alone would make it your favorite. But this handle also has a new and patented feature that means a lot to you. A coiled spring-steel ferrule holds the tang of the file always tight, preventing slipping. You can remove and replace the file easily without injury to the handle, which may be used repeatedly. And you already know that the Disston Special Extra- Slim Blunt Saw File is the finest file that money can buy. Special cut, plenty of bite, cuts fast and true. Extra-slim, so you can see where and how you are cutting. Parallel sides, no taper, for a level, uniform stroke. Made of Disston Steel. Be one of the first to use the new Disston Stronghold Saw File Handle. Get your first one from us on this special offer and afterward buy them from your dealer. Mail the coupon with 25 cents, stamps or coin. This offer good only until April 15, 1930 DISSTON Makers of **THE SAW MOST CARPENTERS USE”’ Accept This Offer ~ from Disston Henry Disston & Sons, Inc., Desk 1, Philadelphia, U.S.A. (In Canada, address Henry Disston & Sons, Ltd., Toronto, Ont. ) I’d like one of those new Disston Stronghold Saw File Handles and a Disston Special Extra- Slim Blunt 6-Inch Saw File, both for 25 cents, (in Canada 85 cents,) which I enclose (coin or stamps). Send them to: Deametnne AParesGen oo ee 4 be +
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MIRAI DNALGHUUGAUUOLUSUAOUREATUUGGOAUUNADOGODUUANUGUOEOOIOUOUNADOGAHOOQGOOGQOUHOOUONISU00N0DOOOQEOOQEQOOQUGSSOOQUNOQUDNNIONNSHNiN nooo wit ) Entered July 22, 1915, at INDIANAPOLIS, IND., as second class mail matter, under Act of Congress, Aug. 24, 1912 Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, act of October 38, 1917, authorized on July 8, 1918 A Monthly Journal for Carpenters, Stair Builders, Machine Wood Workers, Planing Mill Men, and Kindred Industries. Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, at Carpenters’ Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana | Advertising Department, 25 Third Avenue, New York, N. Y. <~51 ee ae INDIANAPOLIS, MARCH, 1930. One en Cents a Ga eee NOTICE The publishers of “The Carpenter” reserve the right to reject all advertising matter which may be, in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to the membership of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America. a All contracts for advertising space in ‘“‘The Carpenter,” including those stipulated as non-cancellable, are only accepted subject to the above reserved rights of the publishers, : THE RECIPE It’s doing your job the best you can And being just to your fellow man; It’s making money—but holding friends And staying true to your aims and ends; It’s figuring how and learning why, And looking forward and thinking high, And dreaming a little and doing much. It’s keeping always in closest touch With what is finest in word and deed; It’s being thorough, yet making speed; It’s daring blithely the field of chance While making labor a brave romance; It’s going onward despite defeat And fighting stanchly, but keeping sweet; It’s being clean and it’s playing fair; It’s laughing lightly at Dame Despair! It’s looking up at the stars above, And drinking deeply of life and love; It’s struggling on with the will to win, But taking loss with a cheerful grin; It’s sharing sorrow and work and mirth, And making better this good old earth; It’s serving, striving through strain and stress, It’s doing your noblest—that’s success! —Berton Braley.
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THE CARPENTER __- WAGES AND THE FIVE DAY WORK WEEK (By William Green, President, S@Dia HE past year has been remarkable in material and spiritual progress. In 1929 hundreds of thou- sands of working people secured the five day work --—s week. ~Through enjoyment of this in- ereased leisure period they have been able to spend more time with their families, to engage in recreation activities and to es devote more time to the cultural and religious advancement. One unmistak- able evidence of this fact is found in the great impetus which has been given to adult education among the masses. Definite progress has been made along economic lines and particularly regarding the acceptance of the wage philosophy of the American Federation of Labor. As a single illustration of this fact I quote from the Report of the Committee appointed by the Presi- dent of the United States to study re- eent economic changes in the United States: ‘In the early postwar period much of the press and marty employers de- manded a ‘liquidation’ of labor. It was freely declared that business could not settle down until wages were brought back to pre-war levels. Labor-had en- joyed a higher standard of living and naturally opposed wage cuts. “This might have precipitated a pe- riod of serious strife had it not been that leaders of industrial thought, watching the trend of affairs, noted that the result of the continuance of high wages was that the dammed-up pur- chasing desires which had been held back during the war on account of the national economic program burst forth and not only the high wages which were being currently earned but accumulated savings as well were poured into the channels of commerce. “They were quick to grasp the signi- ficance of the power of the consumer with money to spend to create an accel- erated cycle of productivity. “They began consciously to propound the principle of high wages and low costs as a policy of enlightened indus- oe * trial practice. This principle has since attracted the attention of economists all over the world, and while it is in no sense new, its application on a broad 7g ah American Federation of Labor) scale is so novel as to.impress the com- mittee as being a fundamental develop- ment.”’ It is most significant that this Confer- ence composed of employers of labor, financiers, economists and representa- tives of the public and labor in 1929, accepted and declared the same wage principle as that enunciated by the American Federation of Labor in 1925 after the Convention had received and studied reports of its delegates from al! sections of the country and all trades and organized units. Prior to that time we had contended for the acceptance of the principle of high wages but with the postwar indus- trial activity it became apparent thai high wages could be secured while low- cost production was maintained. While this condition continued our national prosperity was assured for the great mass of the workers could buy the ne- cessities and luxuries which their in- comes and needs permitted. The worker receiving a high wage rate consumed more and this enlarged and increased ~ the general market for manufactured commodities. The development of an unsupplied consuming power for goods and services is now regarded as funda- mental to our national wellzbeing and to industrial success. Upon the subject of leisure created through the establishment of the five day work week and the shorter work- day the President’s Commission made the following significant finding of fact: “Closely related to the increased rate of production-consumption of products is the consumption of leisure. “It was during the period covered by the survey that the conception of leisure as ‘consumable’ began to be realized upon in business in a practical way and on a broad scale. It began to be recognized, not only that leisure is ‘consumable,’ but that people cannot ‘consume’ leisure without consuming goods and services, and that leisure which results from an increasing man- hour productivity helps to create new needs and new and broader markets. “The increasing interest in the fine arts and in science; the increased sales of books and magazines; the increase in
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Soheian travel; the weltns ‘uiteréal and participation in sports of all kinds; the domestic pilgrimages of some 40,- 000,000 motor tourists who use more than 2,000 tourist camps; the greatly increased enrollment in our high schools and colleges; the motion-picture the- aters -and the radio—-all these reflect the uses of increasing leisure. “During the period covered by the survey the trend toward increased leis- ure received a considerable impetus. The work week was shortened in the factory by better planning and modern machinery, and the workday was short- ened in the home by the increased use of time-and-labor-saving appliances and services. CONDITIONS PAST AND PRESENT President, (By Sir Henry Thornton, epe N recent decades educa- tional opportunities and the acceptance of such opportunities by those who stand in the ranks of labor, coupled with constructive leadership, have attached a dignity and wisdom to the deliberations of labor which justifies attention and consideration by all classes of society. Such being the case, it must be obvious that your discussions should reach be- yond those domestic matters which re- late to the details of your various oc- cupational pursuits and, if you are to fulfill your responsibilities, deal with matters and policies of national and in- ternational importance. To provide the necessary perspective for the subject I wish to discuss, let us consider for a moment the historical background in the relations between what was in ancient days the master and the servant, but in more modern times the employer and employe. It is the history of the uplift and improve- ment of the masses, the battle against. servitude, and the progressive advance- ment of labor in independence, dignity and wisdom. In ancient days the world was divided broadly into two classes; those who ruled and those who served, the master and the slave. Mechanical devices, ex- cepting in their simpler form, were un- known, and in its mechanical sense en- * _ ergy was chiefly found in arduous labor. This was of necessity a condition of of our increasing leisure.” This is a complete vindication ote position taken by Organized ee its advocacy of the shorter workday é the five day work week. The establishment of the five: ine work week is one of the chief objectives 4 of the American Federation of Labor. The power and influence of our ereat: economic movement will be steadily ex- ercised in securing for working men and — women, in all trades and callings, the realization and enjoyment of this ereaky economic reform. Canadian National Railways) antiquity. Initiative, knowledge and ~ power were the heritage of but few, — and was the right of heredity or the re- — ward of the conquerer. The value of | men was estimated by the power oF their backs and their ability to resist | the ravages of ceaseless toil, inadequatele food, and a poor protection from the a elements, and life represented a precari- ous existence. Ignorance of better con- | ; ditions induced an amazing satisfaction. The greatest of all pursuits in those ancient days was warfare. Wars were ~ waged at will for the benefit of the few, and the uncomplaining masses regarded — : their sacrifice upon the altar of Mars © aS a necessity of life. The chief and almost only source of man power in the physical sense was represented by — slaves. It was the day of the master and the slave. The first dawn of the dignity of meant try as distinguished from the glory of military pursuit appeared in the forma- tion of craft guilds, which flourished in many countries and awakened the pride of the master craftsman and the artisan. These guilds grew in power, import- ~~ ance, and contributed much to the ad- vancement of industrial pursuits. In most instances the home of the master | craftsman was likewise the factory.. There he gathered his apprentices, taught them his trade, and over them exercised a paternal influence. The mas- ter craftsman, his family and appren- _ tices, became partly a family and partly _ an industrial unit. The remains Says —
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2 BS ly expanded production. as -ploye of capital. EY the establishment ser a | a ere Fr Pa IEE AS pa Ne Tene ? Phe? ada ta sega? ea 2 ene a". * e: " co aay: *y . yt: A. ea ce scat ee : me -_- . . ~ ae THE CARPENTER ie | old -guilds are found today notably in + England and are represented in modern _ times by the great city companies such as the Ironmongers, the Fishmongers, the Goldsmiths and Silversmiths and many others. the great London city companies cherish the best traditions of the craft, and al- In this enlightened day though they have largely ceased to have any industrial importance they still ex- + ercise a benevolent: and worthy influ- ie eNCe. ae ~The discovery of steam as a form of ‘energy, and the invention of machines which performed mechanically the work = of many hands, completely changed the -gocial and economic structure of the more advanced countries and enormous- The factory displaced the shop of the master crafts- man, and the artisan became an em- These combinations were a necessary evolution in the pro- It was found that of factories with steam driven machines involved a great- er outlay of capital than was within reach of the former master craftsman; consequently, companies were formed for this purpose and numbers of individ- uals acquired an interest in these enter- prises by financial participation. As a result, the paternal influence of the master craftsman disappeared and those who toiled found themselves working for enterprises whose chief ob- ject was the production of satisfactory financial returns to the shareholder. This applied equally to mines, railways, textile and steel works, and finally to all forms of industrial activities. In the ini- tial stages of this development the em- ploying company in its relations to its hands quite naturally acted as a unit. The employes attempted to act as indi- viduals. Remembering that in those days there still lingered in the minds of those who ruled industrially the flavor of feudal days and the traditions of master and servant, oppression was sub- stituted for the benevolent influence of the master craftsman, and conditions in most industrial centers became intoler- able to the worker. As a _ protective measure, the inevitable result was the combination of workers into craft un- ions, and they then effected that unity of purpose and action which character- gress of industry. | ized the employer. Naturally in such an atmosphere conflict was inevitable: a ~ conflict which was stupid on both sides, i) pe Cae e. . * in that each regarded the other as a natural and inevitable enemy. After some decades of such conditions there arose sane minds on both sides who recognized that industrial warfare was just as costly and quite as unsatis- factory as military warfare, and a more intelligent policy made its appearance which was characterized by a recogni- tion on both sides of the rights of the other, until we have today shappily a general feeling of consideration between capital and labor and a recognition of each other’s rights. Such briefly has been the arduous and slow advancement of the toiler from slave to his present position. Of all of the things which have characterized the advance of civil- ization, the improvement in the position of the masses has been the most out- standing and the most important. It may have been slow,* but it prob- ably moved as rapidly as circumstances would permit. It may have’ been achieved only. by toil and self-sacrifice, but the result has been worth while. ' The progress is by no means finished, indeed nothing in this world is ever fin- ished. There is still another step to be made, and now we stand upon the threshold of a new and better relation- ship which I describe as ‘‘the partners.’’ The future contact between capital and labor and between the employer and the employe, will in the decades to come find its greatest progress and its finest expressions in the era of The Partners. Industrial pursuits are futidamental- ly the utilization by efficient method of men and materials. The steel rail, the bridge, the building, the locomotive, the automobile, and all of those thou- sand and one things with which we are familiar, represent the application of men and materials; materials in their raw form wrought into some useful de- vice by brain and manual effort, and the inanimate material is of lesser import- ance than the human contribution which turns those materials to useful purpose. We investigate, analyze and test the materials we purchase, we store, pro- tect, and treat them with something akin to paternal care. Those whose brains and muscles revolve the wheels of industry, converting bricks ‘into © buildings, and steel into’ structures, merit equal care. The skilled mechanic, the trained employe, is commercially worth quite as much as many units of material. When for one cause or an-
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_ because it seemed other he leaves the service of his em- ployer, there is lost knowledge, experi- ence, and productivity. These are the things which enlightened employers cherish and protect. It is obvious that capital as applied to production becomes quite useless un- less accompanied by labor. Both are equally essential for economical and ef- ficient production. One cannot proceed far without the other. Dissatisfaction on the part of one or the other inter- feres with the smooth running of the whole. In the true sense of the word, these two great elements must be part- ners if the interests of each are to be served. No industrial or commercial en- terprise, no matter how scientific its formulae, or how efficient its adminis- tration, can be stccessful unless there is contentment on the part of workers, and a desire born of pride to give of their’ best. No general, however great his skill, ever won victories with a dis- contented army. Labor has won its right to partnership, and sagacious cap- ital will welcome such a partnership. With a recognition of the partnership principle, there automatically must dis- appear, that contention and strife which is just as expensive in the industrial world as it is in the relations between nations. Warfare has been described as the only game in which both sides lose. Therefore, why play with loaded dice! In the present day, and in the days to come, those industries will prosper most which accept labor as an equal partner, and labor will best prosper when it rec- ognizes the obligations and the dignity of that partnership. As illustrative of the partnership theory, I will ask you to bear with me while I describe briefly something of the co-operative movement on the Can- adian National Railways, which we have come to regard as our greatest asset. A few years ago, in 1924, I had been thinking of what had been accomplished through the co-operative movement as it found expression on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, through the wise ~ and tar-seeing administration of its President, Daniel Willard. Almost simul- taneously with that thought, Mr.- Bert Jewell, whom you all know as President of the Railway Employes’ Department, suggested to me the inauguration of a similar movement on the Canadian Na- tional Railways. The idea was alluring ibaniaaimaabioe sound and was in. represented by Bercohiamy: has progressive relations between | ae and labor. Mr. Jewell was fortunai assisted in his proposal, and in subse quent inauguration, by Captain Beyei and to both of these gentlemen Suffice it to say, and to make a ee story short, that we commenced the ce operative movement in the shops of the Canadian National Railways. Insofar as the Company and the men were con- cerned, the objectives were: i 1. Continuity of employment. 2. A more kindly and satisfactory relationship between the railway on the one hand and our shop employes on the other. es 3. An improvement in output with» reduced unit costs. 4. The introduction in our shop ad- ministration of the brains of our men, — re and the provision of an outlet for their ingenuity. 7 5. A more accurate conception on each side of the other’s point of view. © ES : a After a few years of trial, I assert as far as the railway is concerned, and IT ~ ; think those who represent our men — would speak similarly, that all of — these objectives have been measurably — achieved, and certainly the results have been well worth the effort. Since the ~— inception of the plan 6,358 suggestions a have been made looking towards im- ~— proved shop conditions and output, of © which far the greatest proportion origi-- nated with the men. Of these sugges- — tions 73 per cent have been accepted, — 15 per cent are still under considera-- _ tion, and only 12 percent rejected. This I regard as an amazing result, of ineal- culable benefit to both sides. Most of | these proposals, many of which are of ~ major importance, would never have ‘ come to light had it not been for the partnership movement. The present co-operative plan is in effect at all of the shops of the Canadian — National Railways, and embraces some 16,000 men. In other words, we have now in our shops 16,000 partners in- stead of as formerly 16,000 employes. — It requires no flight of the imagination — to appreciate the benefits which have acerued from this movement. In the matter of continuity of employ-_ ment, which is perhaps the largest fac- tor affecting the men, stabilization a "
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24 * ss THE CARPENTER from 73.6 per cent in 1924 to 83.4 per cent in 1927. In 1924 the disturbed time factor chargeable to the company was 20.1 per cent, while in 1927 this was reduced to 8.5 per cent. So far as we can estimate, the improvement in continuity of employment has resulted in raising the average earnings of all of our employes in all of our shops by about $150.00 per year per employe. These figures indicate the material advantage to the employe which, when taken into consideration with other fac- tors, I think stamps the whole move- ment as an unqualified success. The partnership shop movement has been so satisfactory that it has now been extended to maintenance of way employes, and, although it has only been in operation in that department a few months, it promises equally advan- tageous results. Should this extension of the co-operative movement meet with the success I fully anticipate, an effort will be made to introduce the same movement in train and engine and cler- _ ical services. In fact, I think I can al- most visualize the day when the entire staff of the Canadian National Railways in all departments will be operating under appropriate co-operative partner- ship plans. This means that so far as details are concerned, the administra- tion of the railway will become prac- tically automatic, responsible officers will be relieved of a mass of details and detailed to supervision, and will be en- abled to devote themselves to the more important problems of the railway and to the study and development of more efficient methods. Every employe will in a sense become a partner in the en- terprise. He will go to his daily work with the pride of a partner, will feel a proprietor’s interest in his work, and will find a greater pleasure and satis- faction in his daily pursuits. So far as the company itself is concerned, I think I can say beyond doubt that such an atmosphere and such a condition will reflect itself in a better service to the public and an infinitely better financial performance on the part of the com- pany. But what is also of great import- ance, that improved financial perform- ance will reflect itself in increase in the revenues to the Government, which in turn ought to find expression in reduc- ing the capital debt of the Nation and afford whatever relief to the individual - the Government of the Dominion may develop think wise. In short, such a situation and such an attitude on the part of our employes will bring to them a fine patriotic pride in the knowledge that their efforts are a substantial contribu- tion to the welfare of their own country. The constructive functions of great labor organizations are not in dealing with such domestic things as hours of work, rates of pay, and conditions of employment. The right to fair treat- ment and fair dealings in such things has long since been won and is recog- nized. However essential they may be, they represent day by day activities and may be regarded as details. The great constructive work of labor organizations lies in the conception and development of those larger policies which form a foundation upon which to erect an en- during industrial structure which will best promote in its bigger sense the welfare of man. I believe it is given to labor to make such a momentous con- tribution to the advancement of civiliza- tion, a contribution which will rank equally with the great discoveries of the ages. The power of labor is recognized. Disciplined, organized, and well led, it constitutes an irresistable force. But great power carries with it equally great responsibility. To those who are given the ability and opportunity to create, there is also the obligation to build. To neglect that obligation is both cow- ardly and stupid. He who is profligate or unwise with his power js akin to the spendthrift and the fool, and this applies to labor and capital alike. So far as thought and experience lead me, I believe that labor and capital will to- gether make their greatest contribution to the welfare of mankind in the active and unceasing promotion of the part- nership theory in all forms of industrial activity. The moment is ripe for the prosecution of such an idea. Progres- sive and sagacious leaders of both sides will, I believe, lend their best efforts to such a theory. You have seen what, in a relatively small way, it has accomplished for the Canadian Na- tional Railways; and yet I consider that we have but hardly scratched the sur- face of its possibilities. Carried to its logical conclusion it means to the em- ploye contentment, happiness, continu- ity of work, and pride in his undertak- ing. It means tranquility, freedom from anxiety, and improved results to the
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employer. To the world at large it con- stitutes an example of what can be ac- complished by the development of a sound theory of co-operation consistent- ly pursued. Surely such potentialities justify the effort! The policy which I have discussed will at best not reach its full fruition in a few years. Such large potential- ities involve much preaching, consider- able conversion, and a period of trial, but if embarked upon, a progressive im- provement will be found, increasing in geometrical proportion, and if it should finally develop that the partnership the- ADDRESS OF THE CANADIAN MINISTER OF LABOR | TO THE TORONTO CONVENTION OF THE __ AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR ae BN the course of his address ¢ to the Forty-ninth Annu- al Convention of the A. F. of L. at Toronto Can- ada last October the Hon- 5S orable Peter Heenan min- ister of Labor of the Dominion of Can- ada said: “Your work on the Aslaeloas side is becoming more and more recognized, -not only by the people, but by the gov- ernment of the United States, and your brothers here in Canada are making real progress. “Canada, as you know, is a young country yet as the life of nations go, and with only about ten millions of a population the labor organizations of Canada are doing a wonderful work in the interests of Canada and in the inter- ests of the nation as a whole. -“One of the mistakes that has been made by older nations is to develop their countries in such a way that at times hundreds, yes thousands, of men and women are unemployed. One ad- vantage we have over other countries is to be able to avoid that mistake. If : we follow the advice of the labor organ- izations of Canada, I am satisfied that in years to come we will not have the spectacle of thousands of men and wo- men unemployed in this country. ‘‘Leaving aside altogether the factory laws, safety laws, and many other things of that kind that have been ac- complished by Organized Labor in Can- ada, we can take three or four pieces of legislation which the Trades and La- THE CARPENTER , es operation govern our internadGnaal ps lations. Perhaps here lies the true road to the banishment of war and the esta peace, prosperity, and happiness: Truly a noble mission. fe ee bor Congress and the labor men of Can- ada are entitled to credit for. You all g know that less than fifteen years ago — when a man in Canada was injured, © possibly crippled for life, the only re- — course he had to be compensated was to ~ take his employer to the courts. We all _ y know what that means. = “In the event a man was killed the = only recourse his widow had was to take. — the employer to the courts, and she had ~ to prove beyond a shadow of doubt that — the employer was directly and solely re- sponsible for the accident. She had to produce fellow-workmen as witnesses to say that the employer had a knowledge that the machinery which caused the accident was defective and that it had been reported to him. You all know now that when a man stood in court and gave such evidence he was discriminat- ed against in his position. | “To-day the Workmen’s Compensa- tion Law is working to the advantage of the workingmen in all the Provinces. In Ontario last year they paid out near- ly $7,000,000 to injured workmen and their dependents. We also put through the Mothers’ Allowance Act, commonly called the widows’ allowance, in the Province of Ontario. Practically all the Provinces are adopting the same prin- ciple. This Act in Ontario is taking care of 14,000 children and 7,000 mothers today. Practically the same thing pre- vails in other Provinces.. “The minimum wage for women and — girls is provided for. The women and — girls in Canada are not organizing as — they are in other countries, and there- Seeeeeeeee ee eee yO Lae Pe rie of BAS ray eee tale. ipa Mftay. Sy ye, ' - Di aaah Se ‘: ? f aa = eek SES tie eccnas al Bs Be ge AM a a oa" . ras fey iy es ripe tee. at “ ¥ Be er | a ate Aa bye ’ tena Ys Se ee
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<ae 26 | THE CARPENTER fore they are not protected to the same extent. They tell me the reason they do not join labor organizations in Can- ada is because the men marry so much more frequently and they know they will not long be working for a living except at housekeeping. - “Two years ago we placed on the statute books of Canada what, to my mind, is one of the finest pieces of legis- - fation on the statute books of any coun- try in the world—a provision for old age pensions. The care of the aged is a re matter for provincial or, as you would call it, state legislation, but the Federal Parliament, realizing that it would be too great a burden for any one Province, and realizing the fact that if one Pro- vince put it into effect without the others doing likewise, there would nat- urally be a rush of old people into the Provinces that were paying old age pen- sions, passed a law which provided that any Province that would accept this Plan would receive from the Federal Government fifty per cent of the cost. It was prophesied at that time by many who were opposed to old age pensions of any kind, that there would not be one Province that would accept it. I if am glad to report that, notwithstand- ‘ing that prophecy and notwithstanding the fact that it has only been on the Dominion statute books for two years, a majority of the Provinces in Canada are paying old age pensions today. Five Provinces have accepted and signed agreements with the Dominion, three others have signified a willingness to discuss it, and I am satisfied that once they get to discussing it they will see that the old pioneers who did the work of this country will not be thrown on the scrap heap in their declining years. “We have in Canada a fair wage, or a prevailing wage clause in all public contracts. That is due to Organized La- bor. As an administrator of that par- ticular clause I am given an opportun- ity of viewing the conditions of labor throughout Canada. A clause goes into every public contract which calls for the prevailing rate of wages in that dis- trict. That gives one a bird’s-eye view of the conditions of labor throughout the Dominion. ‘“‘While we in the cities tell of the great prosperity and the great advance- ment made in the interest of laboring men and women all over the country, it is. lamentable to find that in many parts of the country the conditions are really deplorable. These deplorable con- ditions maintain, however, only in local- ities in which the men are not organ- ized. That, to my mind, is one of the greatest incentives for men to go out and to organize workers into Organ- ized labor bodies so that they can raise the wages and conditions of work to measure up to the general standard of living.’’ + FIVE DAY WORK WEEK (By Executive Council, New Orleans convention, the building trades un- ions have made substan- tial progress in securing the five-day week. It is twenty-five per cent have the five-day week. These unions are moving definitely toward putting the whole industry on the shorter workweek basis. ) The recent victory in New York City gives the five-day week to about 150,000 building tradesmen. The St. Louis build- ing trades established this standard for practically all crafts. Chicago and Pittsburgh, Buffalo and Niagara Falls, have made gains. On the Pacific Coast _ the five-day week for building trades- <i American Federation of Labor) men is the general practice. The Broth- erhood of Painters still holds the lead for percentage of membership working the five-day week. The Cleveland Build- ing Trades Council, with an aggregate membership of 50,000, has also secured it, as have the Building Trades Coun- cils of West Palm Beach, Florida, and Jamestown, New York. Jamestown was one of the first building trades councils to secure the five-day week, having se- cured it on May 1, 1928. In addition to building tradesmen, printing craftsmen have the five-day week in a number of establishments. The women’s garment unions have the five-day week for 12,000 members, while the men’s garment unions have established it for 5,000. The fur work-
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ers of Boston, Chicago and New York have the five-day week; also, the cloth hat makers of Milwaukee, New York and Philadelphia, the wood carvers of Boston, New York City and Rochester; the upholsterers in Boston and New York City. Photoengravers have the five-day week during summer months and under their agreements will succes- sively increase its application until it extends throughout the year. A number of Local Unions directly affiliated to the American Federation of Labor, particularly the office employes’ FLORIDA’S FUTURE (By Doyle Carlton, Governor of Florida) HE~ present and past of ‘Florida is an accurate in- dex to its future. It is the last great frontier of North America—the old- est state in point of set- tlement, the youngest in point of de- velopment. It has had 400 years of in- teresting history, a quarter of a cen- tury of thrilling progress. It always has been and always will be the land of wonder and adventure. It was to the Spaniards who came in search of gold and youth eternal. To the Frenchman Ribault it was “the fairest, pleasantest and fruitfull- est land in all the world.’’ To Plant and Flagler it was a land of wonder and achievement. It is just a little over a generation ago that these pioneers of modern travel opened up what then seemed a waste and wilder- ness, but what has since become the garden spot, the health resort and play- ground of America. We measure the progress and sta- bility of a state not by a single incident, a boom, an earthquake, a snowstorm, a hurricane, a financial reverse, but by the steady advancement over a period of years and the foundation of natural resources on which it is built. If you would see Florida, therefore, 20 years hence, consider its progress for the 20 ; years past. Here you will find America’s home garden of winter-grown vegetables, the nearest supply of citrus fruit, with a soil, climate and rainfall that combine to yield the largest production of sweet, THE CARPENTER way. There are many Bhae effects tha week. In an endeavor to secure auther and detailed information concerni this latest development, a survey been undertaken by the American | eration of Labor and it will take 80! months to obtain the full results. | day workweek is increasing numbers. the five-day week will shortly be uni versal for building tradesmen. juicy fruit at the lowest possible copes “ti There is no place which on the whole is so free from insect pests or more in- telligently organized to exterminate the enemies of plant life. 8 With improved marketing facilities! now making greater strides than at any KS time in our history, with an intelligent study of soils and the application of = ~# modern machinery, with the diversifi- cation of crops which nature has made — possible, our future along agricultural a lines is assured. a The extension of great power lines a into every section of the state opens the way to a conversion into products mar- | keted at home of a wealth of raw mate- rial heretofore shipped away. Delight- — ful living and working conditions, un- usual transportation facilities by water, rail, truck, location with reference to South , American markets, extend a2 © strong invitation to enterprise and ae ; ital. Production is quietly taking the place a of the spectacular promotion of a few years back. The day of reckless specu- — lation is past. We have reached the low watermark of reaction, and yet the reward for sound investment is so at- tractive and certain as to insure prog- ress at an unusual rate and that at a very early date. We hope the boom will not return. An extraordinary de- velopment is confidently expected. The fundamental resources of the state will grow stronger with each ~ passing day. The ill effects of the boom > are soon to be completely out of the
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> 5 Bie e886 ‘ - = en Bi ve genta : : will remain. Sometimes booms are the ee painful steps by which young states make their most rapid progress. State and county governments, which . _ logically felt the reaction just as every private enterprise, are rapidly recon- gtructing their program to meet new conditions. In many sections public im- ees ‘provements increased 1,000 per cent in THE CARPENTER These develop- must be paid a period of 10 years. ments, while valuable, for. They have heaped an excessive bur- den on real estate. Action by the last Legislature, however, will serve. the double purpose of taking care of the state’s credit and at the same time lift part of the tax burden from real estate. THE OLD HEAD (By H. H. Siegele) “VCE: ECAUSE a man is a good % house-carpenter does not * prove that he is:a good form builder,’’ remarked / the old head, after he so had dried his saw and ae Square with an empty cement sack; for the gang was ‘rained out,’ and had re- treated to the material shed for shelter. “Form building,’ he continued, “‘isatrade > =. >» aad (iar a of itself and the man who understands how to build forms,-is a skilled mechan- ic, as much as the man who ecan build a stair or frame a roof. It is true, there are those who think that almost any- body can build forms—and those people really have forms built: by ‘almost any- i . body!’___ But that they do, is an indi- cation of ignorance, rather than of sound business ability.” A bright gleam of lightning, followed by a clear-cut crash of thunder, brought with it a cloudburst-like down-pour of rain. The wind was whipping around, causing a confusion of the elements, until it was impossible to hear, much less understand what anyone said. The old head stopped speaking, with the rest of the gang the down-fall of rain, until it had turned into what is commonly called ‘a drizzle.’ Picking up his square, he began to speak again: “The inexperienced form builder usu- ally goes at form building just as he would go at building a permanent build- ing—forgetting that this work is mere- ly ‘a temporary support for the green concrete, and that after the concrete is set, the forms must be removed; conse- quently, he uses altogether too many nails,—he breaks joints where they do not need to be broken, and does other things that will make it doubly hard when it comes to removing the-forms.’’ Noticing that the men were concentrat- ing their attention on what he was say- ing, he went on, ‘No more nails should wr ‘ ~ d t y : a) 0 hrs ae ae : 7 - +. a ee ree He ne in oo watching be used than just enough to hold the forms in place. Of course, for bracing, and for work where the strength de- pends entirely on the nailing, plenty of nails should be used. Bearings, in form building, should always .be what are known as direct bearings. Bearings de- pending exclusively on nails, should be avoided as much as possible. All braces should always be securely nailed, and defective material should never be used for either shores or braces.’’ Pausing a few moments, the old head slapped a pile of cement sacks with his square, ~ and then said, ‘‘When the boards for forms are put into place, it should be done in such a manner that the end- joints will all come, if possible, on one studding or on one joist. Joints do not need to be broken in form building. If you start with one length of boards, finish to the top that part of the form with the same length of boards, and so on, each section should be finished with the length of boards it was started with. This reduces, not only the cost of erect- ing the forms, but the cost of wrecking them as well. Besides it will prevent a great deal of the destruction to material on removing the forms.’’ The drizzle of rain continued and so the old head kept on talking. “The greatest pressure on forms for side walls is right at the bottom—this fact should be kept in mind when the forms are braced or wired, in order to get the bracing or wiring. properly pfo- portioned. For example, the forms for a column measuring a foot by 2 feet, 8 feet high, should have the bands spaced about in this proportion: The first space should be about 12 inches, the second, 16 inches, the third, 20 inches and in that way increasing the spaces about 4 inches each time, up to 24 or 28 inches, circumstances permit- ting it. These spaces are proportioned
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- Coiveee WU tere ot cer eee as ONY OE satel ak a ead a ay x Ihe > Sex Ce f - — « hair gal . MA ‘ fo % from a practical standpoint, and not from a technical one. ‘‘Another thing,’’ the old head said, laying his square back into his hand-box, ‘‘forms for con- 4 crete work that is poured fast must et have much more bracing or wiring 4 than the forms for concrete work that | is poured at a slower speed. The reason . for this is, that when the pouring is done slowly the chemical processes in the concrete have time to bring about the initial set before there is enough weight to cause much outward pres- sure. The pressure on the forms, it is true, is uniform throughout so long as the mixture is motionless. But when- ever a load of green concrete is poured into forms, dropping from eight to ten or even more feet, the outward pressure on the forms is increased manyfold. It is this momentary pressure that the form builder must keep in mind when he is bracing or wiring the forms. I will prove it.’’ And taking a paper sack, the old head filled it with mud and tied the sack. ‘‘Now then,’’ he continued, setting the paper sack full of mud on the floor, ‘““‘we will assume the mud in this sack is concrete. While it is sit- ting there it is motionless, and the paper Sack has enough strength to hold it in place, but watch me!’’ And he took the sack full of mud and lifted it about eight feet from the floor, then dropped it. When the sackfull of mud struck the floor the momentary outward pressure had increased so much that it more than bursted the paper sack, but it spattered mud in every direction. “That is the pressure,— that momen- tary pressure,’’ he said emphatically, “that must be taken into consideration in form work, and whenever the brac- ing or wiring is . eare of it, the forms go out and trouble E and grief ensue. The momentary pres- 4 sure, however, is greatly reduced when . the concrete is poured slowly; for in- stance, if the pouring is started at a wo hae SMe! oer ies < RADE unionism and com- = Ty munism are as opposite Be as the poles. The claim 3 that the two movements S have the same purpose, 3a “but differ as to meth- x ods” is the statement of a intekater or Ae an ignoramus. THE CARPENTER certain point, say the point nearé - to as “the boss,’’ had looked over the 7” insufficient to take EMOTION HIDES COMMUNIST TRICKERY (By American Federation of Labor) compensation for ple baie and the mixer, arid from this point wor around and around, filling the f about 12 inches deep on each rou until the forms are full to the top, there will be little danger of the forms -g0 out, even though the bracing would insufficient for fast pouring. . But guess the Boss is ready to go again,” the old head said abruptly, and. picking 1 his hand-box of tools, he with the rest of the carpenters went back to work, each taking up his work at the point where he left it when the rain drove them to shelter. oon They were building forms for. ‘the basement walls of a rather large build- ing, but fortunately the work was far — enough along that the heavy rain did not prevent the men from going right: <8 ahead; in fact, the forms were almost completed, and several of the men were __ already working on the runways. The | 35 foreman, whom the old head referred _ situation and found there were no cave- ins, and the temporay drains, excepting one that was stopped up with trash, were all working. This was a time when | all hands were needed, and the men knowing it, did their best to bring the — work up to the place where it could be a turned over to the concrete men. co The clouds were disappearing over-_ i head, but far off in the distance could ~~ be seen a clear outline of the thunder- storm that had gone over the place a v couple of hours before. The sun was shining, as it were, eloquently, reviving © a freshness in everything, until the very — atmosphere of the place was laden with — sympathy and good will. The old head, working as a journeyman carpenter with journeymen carpenters, expressed — his practical philosophy in the language of actions with his tools; and when the five-o’clock whistle blew, he put away his tools much like the school master of old put away his books. ae Organized workers are not interested in the next century. They would im- prove the world in their time and de- | pend upon future generations to do like- “oH wise. : That is why they struggle for higher wages, shorter hours, sanitary shops, _
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\ — a supational diseases, more and freer ed- ucation, oppose child labor, demand protection of life and limb and support every other social advance. eee A Pho simon-pure communist secretly -sneers at these activities. He publicly The objective of the simon-pure com- - munist is revolution—not only indus- trial but. an upheaval of morals, ethics The communist has a revolutionary " ideology. He insists that present-day _ ethics and morality are ‘“‘bushwah”’ in- ventions intended to hold the workers in subjection. The simon-pure communist covers his tracks; he plays on the emotion and sentiment of unthinking workers who are fed diluted revolution under the guise of “‘liberalism.”’ As these borers-from-within establish themselves in the unions they gradually throw off their pretense. S@loa HE injunction that up- holds the ‘‘yellow dog”’ contract illustrates the unfairness of the equity process in industrial dis- s eS putes. This system has ae é been developed to the point where gov- - ernment by law has been substituted - for government by one man, as you = West Virginia citizens well know. Re | To understand the labor injunction, --—s citizens must keep in mind the differ- ae ence between a law court and an equity = court. a A law court deals with statutory and oe common law. Statutory law is passed a by a legislature. Common law is a cus- ae tom or usage that has all the force of - common law through long acceptance | rid rea by the people. ~~ Common law, for instance, is the rule _ that when persons pass on a highway a. they shall keep to the right of the road. en s : ' his conscience. . Ina law court the accused is assumed THE CARPENTER Organized workers should not be swayed by sentimental pleas of com- munists. Pin them down to their avowed principle that society must be overturned and that workers must be imbued with the drill-sergeant ideal. Let organized workers show that communists—the group that pull the wires behind the scenes—are not inter- ested in the. evolutionary, day-by-day gains that characterize the trade union movement; that their boring-from-with- in is to have the unions serve as a kin- dergarten to drill workers who will obey proletarian dictators when the revolution is ordered. If trade unionists hold to principle they will discover that many self-styled ‘“communists’”’ have not the slightest no- tion of the ‘‘red’’ objective and that they have been swept into the communist group by emotional appeals. Trade union philosophy is the one ef- - fective answer to communists. ‘ Organized workers’. should attack their foes along this line, instead of acting on the defensive or being side- tracked by past masters in word wiz- ardry and emotion. LABOR INJUNCTION ANNULS GOVERNMENT BY LAW (By Frank Morrison, Secretary, American Federation of Labor) to be innocent until he is proven guilty. The charges against him are specified and his rights are guaranteed under the Constitution, under the law and a long series of precedents that the law court judge must rigidly adhere to or he will be reversed by a higher court. In an equity court the accused is as- sumed to be guilty. He is arrested by the injunction judge and ordered to prove why he should not be punished for contempt of court. He must prove his innocence to the satisfaction of the injunction judge, who is unfettered by Constitution, law and precedent. The law court judge is governed by law and precedent. He is not permitted to be guided by his personal views, but the injunction judge has_ unlimited scope for such action. He is guided by The result is that un- checked conscience, that is not guided by law or precedent is largely guided by education, environment and the self- interest of the strata in society from
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which the ‘a law court and an equity ested in the employers’ the painstaking, injunction judge usually comes. There is as much difference between court as there is between Mussolini and our gov- ernmental theory that the people are sovereign. ; Defenders of the labor injunction charge us with endeavoring to secure immunity for violation of law when we oppose the injunction. Our answer is that the injunction judge is not inter- ested in violation of law. He is inter- profits, which he would protect. To break strikes he turns all the power of government over to low-wage employers. When the defenders of the labor in- junction make this charge against us they do not realize the position they take. Our law books are filled with stat- utes governing violations of law. The accused i$ assured a trial by jury and other constitutional rights. Would the injunction defenders scrap this system of government and set up one man rule that would make law, judge of viola- tions and have a free hand to punish violators? If that is their purpose we revert back to the days of kings which the people abolished when they found, after centuries of bitter experience, that no man can be trusted with unlimited power. i This is another issue that is often referred to as a “‘labor question,’’ but it ORGANIZATION PROGRESS this caption the Executive Council in its report to the Forty+ninth Annual Convention of the American Federation of Labor says: ‘“‘Not since war years has there been manifested such a spirit of interest and activity in the labor movement. The past ten years have been a period of remarkable change in industry which has meant a degree of uncertainty to wage earners retarding union growth. The fear of losing a job, the necessity of finding new employment, failure to appreciate the value of organization in solving their problems, and above all aggressive and elab- orate efforts of industrial corporations Bo te devise substitutes for standard trade THE CARPENTER | reaches down to the first princi: epg A judge _ in - Clevel against race track gambling. A ne paper criticised the judge, who orde the editor and chief editorial writer. rested for contempt of court. They We each sentenced to jail for 30 date fined $500. ¢ Labor insists that poverneant by law and government by injunction can not. exist. One of them must be superior. We stand for government by law an demand that no injunction shall be is- sued where the plaintiff can secure re- - dress in a court of law. We also in- sist that injunctions shall only be used — ~ to protect tangible, transferable prop- erty, and that good will and prospective profits are not tangible property. ne In short, we insist that equity as used when our government was founded be re-established. $: Then no court can issue “‘yellow dog” | orders nor can a judge outlaw an act — that is perfectly legal if no strike exists. — We are entering an Industrial Revo- — lution whose consequences are more far- reaching than when England installed her factory system in the last century and took workers from the land and — housed them in large cities like Man- ~ chester and Liverpool to operate the newly developed system of machine Bad ce duction. : a unions, were manifest handicaps to the growth of the union movement. a “However, the elements of the new era are now taking definite form so that ~ we no longer have to contend with fear of the unknown. We know that techni- cal change is a thing to be expected in any industry at any time and that OF ganized workers are in a better position a to plan against the serious hardships that technical change and displacement bring to wage earners. There is a de- | veloping sense of responsibility on the part of industry for the welfare of those who give their personal resources to — production. This is manifest in the ef- forts of industries to regularize employ- ment. The whole business world is reaching that degree of interrelation in — organization that abe ig aunredetae (
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interdependence of interests and the function of consumers in maintaining the equilibrium necessary to business prosperity. The background of eco- ~~ nomic thought brings out clearly that real partnership should exist between - groups engaged in production and the - gervice which trade unions can perform in developing the method and spirit of the Prevention of Blind- ness has found that there is no such thing as a SF, ‘non-hazardous occupa- =e tion.” Just as any group of citizens, working men and women are subject to all the accident hazards in the home, at play, or in the street, so are the working man and working ss woman confronted with the further partnership. It is only organization of we workers that can use this opportunity to develop the constructive spirit of partnership and thus avert the impasse which results in class conflict between workers and management. ee “Developing of satisfactory human relations in industry has not kept pace _— with progress on the material and tech- ke nical sides. Industry is just beginning to realize the waste from not coordinat- ing the full creative power of wage ---—s earners into the channels of thought eontrol that constitute management in a industry. The elimination of this waste Bak of human intelligence will make it pos- sible to gear industry to new standards of output and excellence of work. aan “But a more vital consideration is in- _ volved in the organization of wage a earners than business prosperity, essen- tial as that is to human welfare. There are involved the development of human a = HE National Society for Shee, aples 4 he t 5 dangers of losing their sight within “age the shop, factory, or in the office, store ‘oes or stockroom, in fact, in any place ~. where they are at work. Of the 100,000 blind persons in the United States, it is estimated about 15,- 000 lost their sight in occupational pur- suits. In addition to the totally blind, there is a much larger number of men, women and children whose vision has been so impaired by the eye hazards of industrial occupations that they are handicapped throughout life. Although f <_—_., = POF eRe ce eee Br RAN - ry : y r : FE rae ike ec “ . 2 3a, 7s - ‘C+. md ee \ a y ~ He RC rg oe eK . y ; eee Oe oR Pig te A al aa Gaerne ee ee ee = THE CARPENTER personality, growth, and the highest personal devel- opment. of the masses of men, women and children living north of the Mexican boundary. Trade unionism enables the workers to reach and travel that road which leads to responsible freedom. Along this road workers march side by side with management to higher levels of endeavor and achievement. Organi- zation of workers in unions is the first step toward this ideal of working to- gether for the promotion of joint inter- ests instead of conflict between groups or arbitrary authority imposed by man- agement, and is the ideal which guides the American Federation of Labor in our efforts to spread the gospel of trade unionism. “The extension of unionism can not be accomplished at the will of the organ- izers. Workers must be convinced that the step is for their own best interests and they must be willing to take it. Joining a union means accepting a re- sponsibility as well as an opportunity that revolutionizes life. Constructive or- ganizing work brings in converts who become dependable members of union organizations. These new members must learn how a union works as well as their own duties as union members.’’ BLINDNESS (By Lewis H. Carris, National Society for the Prevention of Blindness) most industrial eye strain, industrial eye disease, and eye accidents are avoid- able, thousands of men and women be- come wholly or partially blind because of their occupational life each year. The industries of the country are now paying approximately $10,000,000 a year as compensation to workmen who have been totally or partially blinded while at work. This is a direct loss. The indirect loss from this same cause is conservatively estimated as _ four times that figure. This annual expense of $50,000,000 is inevitably reflected in the cost of commodities and services and thereby in the cost of living. There is a further direct loss to the working men and women of America through lowered efficiency or earning capacity following blindness or serious impairment of vision which is probably much more than $10,000,000 a year. The more serious, though less tangible, loss is the tragedy that enters every opportunity for continued ©
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home in which a person has been blind- ed or has lost part of his sight perma- - nently. The cost of these tragedies which often spells disaster—cannot be estimated in terms of dollars. Following a destructive eye injury, ; the workman is often confronted with 3 the problem of learning a new trade; | sometimes he can remain in the same trade with lowered efficiency and con- sequently lowered earning capacity. Moreover, in no state do present com- pensation laws guarantee the blinded workman a living wage for the rest of (By the National Lumber Manufacturers Association) a2 N a storehouse of the Of- (fs fice. of Public Buildings and Public Parks in Washington, is an ancient wooden roof truss—yjust = S old timber, until you know its history. The truss is one of those removed from the roof of the White House in the renovation of the mansion. literally holding the roof over the heads of the presidents of the United States for the’ last 112 years, these trusses are in excellent condition as far as the wood is concerned, and a half section of one will be preserved not only for its historical association but as an ex- ample of the remarkable durability of wood. Twenty-six presidents have lived in the White House since the trusses were put in place. In 1814, after the Battle of Bladens- burg, the British soldiers with their flaming torches, came thronging up Bs, Pennsylvania Avenue and burned the 3 White House, the fire destroying the interior and seriously damaging some } of the masonry. : Reconstruction was begun shortly af- ter the fire, the new roof being held in place by sturdy wooden trusses. Today these trusses, with their timbers in al- most as good condition as when they were cut 112 years ago, are interesting as examples of early workmanship. The timbers, all hand sawn, gether not only by mortising but. with dowels and heavy wrought iron straps pounded out by hand. When the old roof was removed it was found that there was practically no deterioration of material in any vital THE CARPENTER After . are held to- his life. And there are few ee blind men or near-blind men on wl a family can be supported. decently. New York State, for instance, the la sets a maximum of $20 a week for par tial disability and $25 a week for tota disability which is to be paid over. period of 160 weeks; after this lengtt of time it is assumed that the injurec man has learned a new trade and be comes self-supporting; but in man cases the blinded workman finds him self so incapacitated that he can never. again be the bread winner for his family... ; place in the massive main root ee trusses and only the ends of the timbers forming the trusses over the north por- tico were damaged by powder post — beetles. Builders of a century ago were © not familiar with the use of preserva- tives to lengthen the life of the exposed ~ wood and did not treat the material as — would the builders of today. ‘¢ Overloading an attic that was not de- — signed for occupancy of any kind and certain defects of construction, as well — as Subsequent “tinkering’”’ rather than — any deterioration of the wood, aré said by army engineers to have been re- sponsible for the unsafe condition of ~— the roof. . A report of the Office or Public Build- ings and Public Parks, under whose su- — pervision the renovation of the historic — building is being carried out says in - part: “Although cane all of the removed timbers. with the exception of those over __ thé north portico, were in a good state of preservation, most of the trusses had | long since ceased to act as such. At some time in the past, the upper chord of one of the main trusses had been cut entirely through and a section removed to make room for a light wall; that the © truss did not collapse was evidence that it was no longer acting as a truss.”’ “In partial explanation of the failure of the trusses, it may be said that they were apparently designed to carry only “vag : the roof loads on their upper chords. | + Because of lack of space in the lower _ stories, however, the attic space was © used for the storage of records, and ae after 1902 for servants’ quarters and ‘ general SOE RRR, bringing, BEATE 1
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Bs ettcading many of the intermediate joints were pulled apart, and the end A soints, where the end posts were mor- _ tised into the lower chords, had in some eases completely failed by longitudinal shearing. The lower chords had settled upon and ‘were being supported by the - jnterior partitions of masonry or wood and were carrying the roof and attic loads as beams. - weakened by splices, They were seriously and at several points by notches cut in the lower sur- face to accomodate the wooden troughs that formerly carried the roof drainage, some of the notches being so deep that only about four inches of solid wood remained.’’ Nothing, it appears, could be done short of entire reconstruction to correct the abuse of the trusses. Additions to the attic made in 1902, despite the fact that thé weakening of the trusses was noted as early as 1873, materially increased the direct load on the horizontal members and indications of their failure became more evident. In 1926, an appropriation of $375,- 000 was made for “reconstructing the roof, attic, and ceilings of the second story, of the executive mansion” and actual construction was begun on March 14, 1927. The first operation was the erection of a temporary wooden roof over the entire building to protect the interior from damage until the new roof was in place. Forests of various sections of the country have contributed to the reno- vation of the mansion. Northern white pine from Minnesota and southern yel- low pine are being used for the mill- work; Louisiana pine for the sub-floor- ing, and hardwood from the middle west for the top flooring. Such new structural timber as was required in the new permanent roof was treated with wood preservatives and it is confidently expected that it will last as long as the iron, steel and slate with which it is associated. W. F. Lusk, construction superinten- dent on the renovating jobs, speaks en- thusiastically of the condition of the old lumber removed from the White House. “Tt took me about fifteen minutes with a sharp hand saw to cut through the top of a ten-by-ten that is 112 years aie : - i 2° 6 eotms - . D cle Se» ne : 4 aye St ee ‘ ae gt Ss oO he beh Se i ele ee oe Ge Fe f ie. Wp THE CARPENTER os old,’’ he said. ‘It cut like oak and is in the pink of condition.’’ Miscellaneous pieces of the old lum- ber- have been sold at auction and a number of patriotic and historical so- cieties have purchased some of the larger pieces. Old hand wrought nails of our forefathers time, used in holding the timbers together, today rusty, bent and showing signs of having yielded to time, are being eagerly sought as sou- venirs. It is apparent that if the trusses had not been abused the White House roof might not have required replacement for ages. It was only recently, after nine centuries that the timbers in the roof of the Westminister Hall, London, had to be reinforced—because of weevil infes- tation. In some of the old stone cha- teaux of France hemlock timbers have withstood time better than the walls. It remains to be seen whether modern steel frame construction will endure any better than heavy timber construction. Certainly steel ships do not last longer than their wooden predecessors on the high seas. Incidentally, it might be said that we may have to return to timber for much structural work in which it has been re- placed by steel. The diminishing iron ore supplies of the world may require that steel shall never be used where re- newable, potentially inexhaustible wood will do. A member of the U. S. Geolog- ical Survey says that the irén mines of the Lake Superior region will be worked | out in about thirty years—and iron does not grow again. The improvement of antirot and fire-resistant treatments of wood may make it even more desir- able than steel for some of the pur- poses in which the latter has succeeded the former. However that may be, the half sec- tion of the White House truss that the government is to preserve will be a re- minder to future generations of the in- calculable service to primeval forests of America were to the formative days of the nation. From settler’s board shack or log cabin to the stately mansions of the president the forests sheltered and protected the swarming millions. With- out forests we would not be the mighty nation we are. It may well be that the new forests—the continuous forests— that will take their place, even though their time comes so slowly, will play an equally important part in the future.
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bes) yb, tos fee Cele” Bhi 2N a report recently issued by the American Institute of Steel Construction it is claimed that, skyscrap- ers with about 150 floors, > almost two-fifths of a mile high, or nearly four times the heighth of Washington monument can - now be built with safety. But their ‘‘economic height,’’ for the best rental profits, is around 75 stories. This economic top is limited at present to New York, Chicago, Detroit and pos- sibly a few other American cities where land values are extremely high. This report covers a two years’ re- search to learn the skyscraper limit, and the ‘‘economie considerations’’ which ‘will be the ‘determining factor in this as in other fields of human pro- gress.” 7 . The skyscrapers forecast are of the present setback or tower architecture. In their probable spread, the director of the research, W. C. Clark, chief eco- nomist and Vice-President of S. W. Strauss & Co., sees a modified type of elty. -—————— Foreign Labor News Argentina Proposed U. S. Restriction on Immi- gration.—lIt is reported in a recent is- sue of El Dario, of Buenos Aires, that the proposal of the United States Sec- retary of Labor that new restrictions should be placed on immigration from the Latin-American countries, might be beneficial to those countries which still need population. * * & England Employment Projects.—lIt is estimat- ed that the development projects con- templated under the Loan, Guarantees and Grants Act, the Colonial Develop- ment Act, and the Road Fund Act will provide work for 189,300 men for one vear. Industrial Peace h aeae —It is re- ported that a further advance in the movement for industrial peace was made on December 19, 1929, when a conference. representing the General Council of the Trades Union Congress, . Se the National Federation of Employers’ THE CARPENTER "BUILDINGS ONE HUNDRED-FIFTY STORIES “HK 7 said, Each building is likely to ‘coke full city block, he says. Costs and p fits will dictate this. Each struct may house an almost complete sm city. Street congestion may be decreas by substitution of more ‘‘vertical traffi for horizontal, and by construction arcaded sidewalks and three decked four decked streets. It is further stated in the report th oe “buildings of 75 stories are not only, “ economical, but under certain condi- tions will return more on the invest- ment than a. building of 50 or 3 stories.’ The 75 story estimate is based on land values of more than $200 a square foot. = Mr. Clark believes ‘‘that there will ey be artificial atmospheric control in a few years that will astound us, and which it will pay building owners to a ‘install. A few engineers already pre a dict artificial lighting more satistac ae than that which is brought in windows. © In 10 or 15 years it may be that offices = ze: of great corporations will occupy the — 4 lower floors of such buildings, and that on there will be residences in the UPR floors.”’ Organization, and the Federation of British Industries endorsed the report ~~ of a joint committee appointed to eau y amine the best methods for consultation © and co-operation between the three or- ganizations. te 1 % France ‘Bocial Insurance Law.—The Academy of Medicine, which recently convened in’ Paris, pronounced itself against the Social Insurance Law, because, it was similar laws had resulted disas- trously in certain other countries. 4 ok * oe Germany Labor Conditions.-—A recent check- up report of the situation inthe German labor market, shows that conditions grew steadily worse during the last months of the year, 1929, with the num- ber of unemployed receiving doles in- — creasing 33.5 per cent, or to a total of ae 1,194,089, during the period September __ 15 to November 15, 1929. ro) Soe NEUEE RADAR eh Mae A TICE AT YE _Men’s best successes, come after” their : disappointments. 7
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. Home Notes, Lakeland, Fla. ( By Old Hickory ) ELL, my dear reader, I was going to start this story yesterday but lost my glasses and couldn’t do a thing without them and today I found them just where I laid them, so now we’ll get started by tell- ing you about an automobile ride I had through the surrounding country. A very kind friend, whose acquaintance I have made since coming here, was responsible for my enjoyment. To start with, I approached Superintendent Weyler for a pass the day before and started right off after breakfast. My good friend had a very nice car and I Was amazed at its easy riding qualities. I would hate to tell you how fast he went. We headed out through what is know as the highlands, which is part of the citrus belt on which our properties are located. The land is in a sort of rolling formation, so different from the rest of the lowland of Florida, and the cool morning air was bracing. My friend informed me that it was. unusually cool and explained it was the end of a cold wave in the North. It was very interesting to see the rural life of Florida. The people seem to take little or no interest in the appearance of their homes. The poor white people seem to be so poor and ill-provided for. I saw for the first time an outdoor washing. Behold, a negro woman bending over a big iron kettle under which a fire was burning. The charm I found to this scene lies in the white smoke of the wood fire which comes up about the black kettle and the pleasant odor of the burning wood and smoke—all so different from my memories of the so-called modern laundries where the odor of the bleach and chemicals were so sickening. As we rolled along, passing more pretentious towns, I noticed numerous relics of the boom; large tracts of land divided into sub-divisions and house lots with nothing to emphasize their value or future except the wonderful climate and an abundance of sunshine. Flowers were blooming in the more cared for houses. Just think of nasturtiums and sweet peas blooming at this time of year¥ The next wonder I saw was a shallow lake, almost covered with wild hyacinths, millions of light purple blooms. Although they lend beauty to the landscape, they become a nuisance on account of their root system bedding down into a mat and choking the flow of slow moving waters. Here I got my first look at a gang of Seminole Indians. They were attired in the type of cléthes that we usually see them in in pictures, only the colors are more vivid and clashing. They were in peculiar shaped boats, which I am told are typical of the everglades. They were selling cured skins of alligators and reptiles and from my observation their busi- hess methods were very much like the Gypsy, which you are all familiar with. Further along the road we came on a big cypress mill. The machinery is modern in every respect and you ought to have seen the expression on the Super- intendent’s face when I asked him if his boys belonged to the union. I wonder how long it is going to take the working people of the South to wake up to the benefits of organization. On we went and the more I saw the more I am convinced that any time is - blossom time in Florida. Everywhere is to be seen the blaze of azaleas, boughs of bignonia, and poinsettias. I got a good look at the ruthless methods used by the turpentine barons. It seems to me a law should be passed to prevent the destruction of the immature growth of the pines. It is a shame and they ought not to be allowed to cup the young saplings the way they do. Further along I saw for the first time a tung tree plantation. I am told they . have been brought from China and are to be used commercially. They get oil from *, Se ie Sas dt es
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eee se Fe ae a eS OP Reas tr Nt eee ee ty worn ' teas soot mieat Nd . > yoy re, ‘ . Let gee them that is used for" mixing paints and varnishes. doing remarkably well and to date have been free from any blight or and are looked upon as one of the coming values of Florida. At last we got to the wonder place of Florida—Silver Springs. We went int glass-bottom boat, propelled by a colored man who took us to all the points of terest. The water is so clear one could see quite distinctly the bottom, a hundre feet deep, which is in a fairy-like formation with pretty subterranean plants an peculiar natural rock formations and thousands of tame fish who answered th call of the boatman, who, by the way, told a rather fascinating romance featurin. a suicide of a romantic maiden because her wealthy parents would not permit he 4 ee eae ee ae P ty ie ER NEMO A CARPENTER | j ~ ’ at ee I am informed that they to marry some poor cracker boy. Such is the legend of the Maiden Spring. Once 4 again I fail to do justice to this pretty place for it is the most wonderful ae I have ever seen. On our way back we took a different route and had a look at the feds Sing. ing Tower at Lake Wales. It is two hundred five feet high and has a fine carillon Unfortunately I could not hear the bells as Iam a little hard of hearing but my friend told me they sounded fine. structure is done in Georgia marble and the surrounding forest has been set aside — as a bird sanctuary and was given to the American people by the late Edward W. Bok, the publisher, but the American people have to comply with lots of red tape which they played while I was there. before they can even look at their gift. x Our next adventure came to us by running into a Fruit Fly Inspection Station. Oh, what a farce it all is! We had to get out and have the inside of the car sprayed. There has not been a fly seen in Florida since last August. Guard is in charge of the work and the inconvenience they cause the public makes them the most popular organization in Florida—in a pig’s eye. . After being thoroughly disinfected, we started off again and the next new thing © I saw was in the shape of a phosphate mine and while I have read a great deal S about mining phosphate I was surprised at the methods. The The Florida National 4 They don’t really mine, — re as I understand mining; they really dredge it by loosening the pebbled rock with © a powerful jet of water and then suck it up to the deposit piles. The mine, so- — called, is more like a big irrigation ditch. When they remove the phosphate they! aa leave the so-called mines open and they look the most desolate looking places I — ever saw and I feel a law ought to be passed to force the mining companies to fill in the mines. The shades of night were fast falling, which necessitated our heading for © home. The drive from the mines took me througlr the county seat, Bartow, which is typical of many of the capitals of the various counties—an old-fashioned, Ts * looking town. I arrived just as the supper bell rang, so with my usual sumptuous tet 1 speedily went to my room, tired but happy. HISTORY OF GUESTS W. J. A. ROSS, born in Marshfield, Ohio, March 1851, and admitted to Bro- therhood April, 1888. Came to the Home from Local Union No. 75, andlanapoits, Ind. tk % Po FRED. SCHUCKMAN, born in Ger- many, January, 1854. A former mem- ber of Local Union No. 257 of New wore, 2%. .%., Home. oN esa is il ag * Ky. | as ok “ JACOB A. HERMAN, born in York Co., Pa., August, 1857. Joined the Brotherhood 30 years ago. Came to the Home from L. U. No. 15, Philadelphia, Penn. — ; before arriving at the A death Se eee eae A eae ee ate i eae ee Ee ea = REUBEN PRICE, born in Monroe Co., Pa., July, 1860. Joined our move- ment in Camden, N. J., Local Union No. 393. Arrived May 8, 1929, in Lakeland to join the guests at the Home. 2 SAWDUST AND SHAVINGS During the last of January we had visits from delegates to the Building — Trades Department of the A. F. of L., which was in session in Tampa, Fla. Most of them were visiting us for — the second time and they made many remarks about the growth of our palms ee and shrubbery. ; 6 pee % oo * , On the 2ist of January we had a visit from a delegation | from the. Master Sy WA aac cue ae Be ag ‘i eS Le ee
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THE CARPENTER Builders Association, who were in ses- sion at Tampa. From expressions which {heard they were certainly surprised when they saw our Home and what the Brotherhood was doing for us aged members. They went away well pleased with their visit. nines % * 2 Well, I just can’t keep from writing about the good things we have to eat here. The Boss had five pigs butchered last week which weighed about a total of seven hundred pounds and we are = continuing our feast with the good things that go with a hog killing. ; 7 ok The Florida State Council of Carpenters met at Lakeland, February the 3rd and 4th and they paid us a visit on the _ hight of the 8rd and joined in with us in seeing a picture show. We certainly enjoyed the visit and many old ac- quaintances were renewed. The Assist- ant Superintendent, Brother English, was elected a Vice-President. * * * ~ We saw Brother Jonny Forester carrying up a bundle of newspapers to the reading room and asked him if he was in the post office department. He replied that he was appointed by the Boss as news gatherer. I am wondering if the Boss appointed you, Jonny, as official bouquet gatherer for the ladies connected with our Home staff! * * * Brother Wm. Petzold, keeper of the pheasants, says we won’t get any eggs as they are to be used for hatching out more of these beautiful birds. Well, Billy, here’s hoping you raise ten thousand! % ae Brother Carl Lender, of Norfolk, Va., has placed a very attractive addition in Lake Jessie Mae. A fleet of minia- ture sail boats which sail continuously around the lake. 3 * 3K This is a sure sign that Old Hickory is getting old when I tell you he never noticed the plate on a room door that was furnished by General Treasurer Neale. Probably Tom does not remem- ber but I worked with him on the same job away back years ago, in Chicago, before he became Secretary of that Council. — ‘ ek ee We are getting air-minded around here. The local air port is crowded with the Curtis Flying School. Captain George Halderman does stunts over the i, sometime. grounds of the Home for our benefit and he has promised to take me up I have asked the Boss for a pass and he said ‘‘Dont’ you think you are getting all the thrills you can stand without going away up there?” Just wait, I think I can get permission from Bill the next time he gets here, and then I will be all set and tell you about it. 3k * * Listen my Canadian Friends, I saw a citizen of the Dominion over by the grapefruit grove with a few sticks and a little white ball. The next thing you will hear about is an _ international match. ! *% 3 ES How many of you folks are listen- ing in to that Priest in Detroit? He is on the air every Sunday afternoon. He is sure handing it to them. I ought to be ashamed to tell it for I used to be against any government for no good reason at all. * Bo Po . Visitors are continually coming here from all parts of the country and a great many leave here with an entirely new conception of the aims and; objects of our organization. * % I had a personal letter from a friend back home who told of an exceptional hard winter. Lots of snow to shovel and no work. I thought I would have some fun with him by telling him I had just finished a piece of ssrawberry- short-cake the berries I had picked per- sonally, in the second week of January. It has almost broken'a 30 years friend- ship. He says, that if I don’t stop writ- ing about this place his wife will up and leave him for the berries I speak of. Many a girl has left home for a whole lot less wholesome thing than these wonderful berries. * * * I have been told that Sec. Roblee of Boston is a good Secretary and that he smokes 7-20-4 cigars. Of course Old Hickory does not know much about his qualifications but I do know the 7-20- 4’s are good. Brother Bush swears by Secretary Lindeman but just forgets what brand he smokes. Anyhow Harry could settle the question by sending us a box. * * * I want to thank you who have written me regarding my broadcasting. Just too many to answer. I just thank you a whole lot, folks.
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—_. -- LOCAL UNION No. 488 Hnited Brotherhood nt Carpenters and Joiners of a7 ca MEETS AT CURTIN’S HALL 495-97 EAST 166TH STREET EVERY MONDAY EVENING . OFFICE AND DAY ROOM S01 EAST 16ist STREET TEL. MELROSE 8674 New York, N. Y., February 17,1930 — Mr. Frank Duffy, Gen. Sec. Indianapolis, Ind. Dear Sir & Bro. :—During the 25 years that I nage 4 spent as a corresponding Officer, of old Local Union ~~ No. 478 and since 1917 of L. U. 488, I have written you many letters, but I cannot recollect any, that has given me the pleasuré to write, as I have in writing this, for with this letter I have the pleasure of en- closing the check for one thousand Dollars, pledged _ by Local Union No. 488 to the Pension Fund the Fund for which you, myself and many others of the old Timers of old Local Union No. 478 worked so hard, and which we now at last see established. Bro. Duffy, I know that deep down in your heart, you feel proud of the United Brotherhood, I know that I am proud to be able to say to the world, that the Car- penters will not see their aged members in need, we now have a Home, one second to none, where we can take e. care of the man who no longer can keep up the speed re— quired by our industry, and to the one who for family or other reasons cannot take advantage of the Home, we have the pension; is it not something to be proud of to say, that you are a Member of such Organization? To the one who cannot feel that way, I can only say—God. speed and go your way, you are not worthy of mem- bership and our Organization will be better without you. With best wishes and kindest regards Fraternally yours, WEA Ea ee ) One Thousand 00/loo -----------------------------------2----- ili —) <a New York,__Feoruary 17th 4990 e | ” oO ’ = Federation Bank of New Bork P = S.W. CORNER 34th STREET AND EIGHTH AVENUE ; J ve So ; ; @ | PAYTOTHE Frank Duffy ( PENSION FUND ) | §2000.00/100 uJ ———————— a S a = Local Union No. 488 UNITED BROTHERHOOD OF CARPENTERS
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Home builders choo Carpenters everywhere know that Celotex sheathing builds tight, rigid walls with no open joints. The year ’round comfort of Celotex insulated homes means thoroughly sat- isfied home owners. TNCH HAVE YOU WORKED WITH DOUBLE-THICK CELOTEX These thicker Celotexr boards with their extra strength and rigidity are ideal for sheathing walls that must resist extreme exposure and for lin- ing roofs and remodeling attics. They measure 4’ wide, from 7’ to 12’ long and %” thick. 6 SE - ae
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frame construction learn how Celotex sheathing — . Saves an extra a eRY carpenter wants a big in- crease in frame construction dur- ing 1930. For more frame houses mean more work and more wages for carpenters. | ~ You'll find that Celotex sheathing is one of the strongest arguments you _ can use in favor of this typeof building. For whenever you sheathe a house with Celotex you provide insulation against all extremes of temperature . furnish lasting protection against scorching summer heat and bitter win- -ter cold. | The home builder secures his insu- lation at hittle or no extra cost . .- since Celotex simply replaces wood sheathing. And the elimination of an extra insulation item helps him decide in your favor. Thousands of home builders have chosen it chiefly on the basis of the saving that Celotex sheath- ing insures. The Celotex Company works con- stantly in partnership with carpenters to promote more frame houses. Powerful national advertising, ener- getic campaigns of education, are al- ways at work teaching men and women ‘the advantages of frame construction insulation item stimulating new building .., developing more work for your trade. Besides, there are dozens of remod- eling jobs that keep you profitably busy between contract work. Celotex is ideal for lining attics, basements and garages . Celotex comes in big, strong boards, 4’ wide, from.7’ to 12’ long, and 7- 16" or 7-8” in thickness. These boards are light in weight... easy to handle, easy to apply. And their structural strength makes walls. tight and rigid adds lasting strength to. roof structures © ‘ CA enters who recommend Celotex sheathing every chance they get are promoting their own best interests and the interests of carpenters everywhere. Write us for further facts on how to make money with Celotex. THE CELOTEX COMPANY 919 North Michigan ‘Avenue Chicago, Illinois In Canada: Alexander Murray & Co., Ltd., Montreal Mills: New Orleans. La. Branch Sales Offices in many principal (See telephone books for addresses) Sales Distributors throughout the World Reliable Dealers Can Supply Celotex Standard Building Board cities The word CELOTEX (Reg. U. S.° Pat. Off.) is 4 trademark of and indicates manufacture, by The Celotex Company, Chicago, Illinois ELOT EX BRAND INSULATING CANE BOARD
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THE CARPENTER _ THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD OF CARPENTERS AND JOINERS OF AMERICA Published on the 15th of each month at the CARPENTERS’ BUILDING Indianapolis, Ind. ' * UNITED BROTHERHOOD OF CARPENTERS AND JOINERS OF AMERICA, ~ PUBLISHERS FRANK DUFFY, Editor SUBSCRIPTION PRICE One Dollar a Year in Advance, Postpaid The publishers and the advertising agent use every possible precaution avail- able to them against accepting advertise- ments from other than reliable firms, but do not accept any responsibility for the contents of any advertisement which ap- pears in “The Carpenter.” Should any deception be practiced by advertisers at any time, upon members, their duty is to immediately notify the Post Office au- thorities. Therefore, address any com- plaints to your local Post Office. INDIANAPOLIS, MARCH, 1930 The Child Remains in Industry HERE still are more than a mill- ion children between 10 and 15 . years of age gainfully employed in the United States. Such a statement is appalling when one stops and considers the effort put forth by the American Federation of Labor during the past quarter of a century as well as the twenty-five years of devoted effort on the part of the na- tional child labor committee. The prob- lem of the next quarter century will be to pass from our present system into truly civilized ways of dealing with children. Best assurance of success in this mat- ter is full recognition of the real job which lies ahead. Casual glances at op- ~ Editorial ll SAF” fo | a1 timistic reports regarding progress in child labor restrictions often lead us into complacent satisfaction and a feel- ing that the fight already has been won. A review of some of the facts will dis- Ssipate this illusion. What the States are Doing Two states still have no age limit whatever. Nine states have failed to adopt the eight-hour day. Twenty states permit work after 7 p. m. upon employ- ment. Fifteen states exact no educa- tional requirement. vw About half of the states permit work in dangerous trades. Thirty-six states allow children under 12 to engage in street trades, most of them with no strict regulations as to time of day or hours worked. Thirty-four provide no regulation of home tenement work. Many other stigmata of barbarism could be pointed to if space permitted. Facts as to sectional distribution of the child labor abuses also are likely to provide us with a sharp jolt. We as- sume too often that child labor is ex- clusively a problem of the southern states and is there simply a*by-product of the early stages of industrialization. When we include, agricultural occu- pations, it is true that the south leads in the percentage of child labor. But when we. limit ourselves to a considera- tion of manufacturing industry and the mechanical trades, we find that child la- bor remains, for all practical purposes, a northern problem. From a recent editorial in the daily press we read: “Of the ten states with the largest number of children employed in manu- facturing industry, only one is a south- ern state, North Carolina. But North Carolina has only 7,967 so employed as against 27,821 in Pennsylvania and 23,- 753 in Massachusetts. Moreover, some northern states are more backward in legislation. Pennsy]- vania and Michigan have failed to adopt even a forty-eight hour week, while Mississippi and Virginia are two of the four states which have adopted a forty-
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~~ an” ar ye eee en — jo ta ie i ee F a PS fe f ‘pase he 6.0 Wen LF a, THE CARPENTER. | a four hour week. It is obvious that there is no basis for northerners to wrap themselves in a mantle of smug- ness and point contemptuously at the benighted south. When one joins to such considera- tions as those revealed by the above facts, the recollection that but five states have signed the child labor amendment to the federal constitution, he will have no difficulty in understand- ‘ing that the American Federation of Labor and the national child labor com- mittee have a sizable job on their hands if they are to bring about a situation which will stand the clear light of day.”’ —$—— $$ Building Prospects For 1930 ARLY in January the President of kK the United States gave out the fol- lowing statement: “The total of public works, railroad and public utilities construction planned for this year thus far reported to him called for expenditure of $4,700,- 000,000. “Public utilities, including telephone companies, have reported proposed ex- penditures of $2,150,000,000 for this year, the railroads $1,050,000,000, while the total of public works, includ- ing those of the federal government, is $1,550,000,000. “The survey of public works, made by the department of commerce, is com- plete as to sixteen states and part as to thirteen more. In most cases the totals for the states are larger than for 1929. “Our drive for increase in construc- tion and improvement work to take up unemployment is showing most encour- aging results, and it looks as if the work undertaken will be larger for 1930 than for 1929. “The department of commerce now has complete returns from the Gover- nors of sixteen states covering public works to be undertaken in 1930 by the state, municipal and county authorities. They have partial returns from thirteen more states. The total so far reported, and including the federal government, is about $1,550,000,000 and in nearly all cases larger than for 1929. The sur- veys are coming in daily, and should be completed soon. “The preliminary estimate of the railways for construction and _ better- ments for 1930 was $1,050,000,000 and for the public utilities $2,100,000,000, including the telephones. “The total of these items so far is $4,700,000,000. This does not include the balance on the state, municipal and — rt county work, nor the building construc- — tion, nor the industrial and factory im- provements, which latter are now under survey by the special business com- mittee. “The steel companies informed me that the effect of the drive is already showing in their orders, yond their expectations.’’ a BY San Francisco Unions Making Progress ROM “Organized Labor’ we are fk glad to learn that Union labor in which are be- the Building Trades of San Fran- > cisco is making progress along con- servative lines with the most friendly co-operation of employers. The morale of the local trade union- ists is better than it has been for years. Never has there been a more friendly at- titude on the part of the employers to- ward union labor than at the present time. The San Francisco Building Trades Council during the last month has been successful in unionizing a number of big jobs, business agent of the Council. Business agents of the various unions of the Building Trades Council report a most friendly attitude on the part of contractors, and that the number of 100 per cent union construction jobs in San Francisco is steadily increasing. All un- ions of the Building Trades Council re- port a gain in membership. Throughout the State of California the labor unions are forging ahead, many of them receiving wage increases and the five-day work week, according to Frank C. MacDonald, general presi- dent of the State Building Trades Coun- cil of California, and Paul Scharren- berg, general secretary-treasurer of the California State Federation of Labor. a AB Edison Says No Useless Humans Thomas ga es A. EDISON is far from | young as years ago, but the pass- ing of time apparently has not dimmed the intellect or lessened the wisdom of the “electric wizard.” — according to Fred Nicholas, © On 92 Mee |
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~ question of retirement of men in in- dustry at mid-age, Mr. Edison has said: t “The man who has reached the age of 36 is just about ready to discard the illusions built on the false theories for hich wrong instruction and youthful ignorance previously have made him an easy mark. He is just beginning to get x. down to business. If he is really worth y hard knocks by that time. The useful om an never leads the easy, sheltered, knockless, unshocked life. At 36 he ought to be prepared to meet with the realities, and after that period in his life, until he is 60, he should be able to handle them with a steadily increas- ing efficiency. Subsequently, if he has not injured his body by excess indul- gence, and if he has not eaten to excess, he very likely may continue to be in- ereasingly efficient up to his 80th birth- day, and in exceptional cases until 90.’’ Ne Timbers More Fire Resistant Than Steel a ROFESSOR Frank Mathers, of the P Chemistry Department of the Indi- , ana University, at Bloomington, Ind., recently pointed out the greater fire resistance of a heavy timber struc- ture as compared to steel construction. Statements made by Prof. Mathers fol- lowing a fire in the power house at the University were quoted in the Indiana Daily Student, published at the Univer- sity. Prof. Mathers’ statements, as re- produced from the above-mentioned publication, are as follows: “The recent fire at the power house is a good example that a heavy wooden superstructure in byilding is, in the case of fire, safer than steel frame- work.’’ Steel beams would have fallen under the weight of the heavy tile roof when the intense heat softened them. Heavy “A building may be constructed sup-. posedly absolutely fireproof, but there is always some part of it that is com- bustible.’’ Prof. Mathers cited, as an example of this type of structure, the armory at Purdue University which was burned at > a total loss some years ago. This build- ing was thought to be absolutely fire- proof, but combustible material stored in it, became ignited and it was des- troyed. “The only manner in which a building THE CARPENTER hile, he has passed through a series of can ye made fireproof is in the con-. Eig struction of walls so they will bar flames. from another building. No building can be made proof against a fire that starts inside it, and steel framework makes the odds much greater.’’ 2S Wood As Food ANY of us have chewed on a toothpick or matchstick, but hardly any of us have relished their dubious flavor. However, wood as a food is being advocated by a German scientist for both animal and human consumption. We learn from a recent dispatch to the ‘“‘New York Times’? from Berlin, that: *Lecturing before the Supreme Coun- cil of Forestry, Prof. Frederick Bergius urged the wholesale hydrolyzation of wood into foodstuffs for animal and even human consumption, simultaneously creating a profitable industry in the Eastern districts of Germany and re- lieving her import balance to a great extent. Germany imports three to four million long tons of corn and barley annually, and Dr. Bergius declared that at least one-fourth could be replaced by hydrolytic products for which only be- tween three and four million cubic meters of ordinary firewood or fagots would be required. He said that the nu- tritive value of one kilogram (2.204 pounds) of firewood equals the same amount of oats, but is much cheaper. Dr. Bergius told potato-growers that © the new process would not be a competi- tor, but contrarily, an ally of the potato. He said the combination of potatoes and wood product would have the same nu- tritive value that potatoes alone have, but the cost would be only half. If transported to Western Germany it could compete with imported grain, and thus the potato-growers and foresters would benefit. “In addition to foodstuffs, the lectur- er said, a considerable amount of acetic acid is gained by the process, and the remains are finally pressed into bricks, which have the same heating value as brown coal briquets.”’ —_—————————_-3 Happiness is the product of many things. Among them is the possession of life’s comforts, the education of our children, provision for our elder years, and freedom all along the road.— Stewart Anderson.
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THE CARPENTER Old-Timers By Wm. Herschell I LIKE, Old-timers! They who see Through Age’s eyes the Used-to-be; Queer how dream-vision goes so far, Yet overlooks the things that are. O SCENE is merrier to me Than when Old-timers disagree On past events—forget Time’s flight— Then part, each wondering which is right! Y CALENDAR is ill designed If, in its course, I can not find One hour in which the old may bring Youth’s glory back on golden wing. LIKE to sit and let them browse Along old trails that seem to rouse High energy in waning strength— What care I of the story's length? Shy =e lem take me—ere the telling ends— To favored haunts, old scenes, old friends; No modern juggernaut is there Speed-menacing both land and air! ee LED—in fancy—down a lane © Where farmers cradle ripened grain; Then comes the splash of mother’s churn, The children helping—‘“taking turn!” A@ SADLY views our present plight Since romance bowed to patent-right; Ingenious methods now prevail— Long cast aside are scythe and flail. H, THINGS have changed, Old-timers say, Remembering Youth's aa favored day; _ Thus runs the world! No songs yet sung Are sweet as those when we were young!
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GENERAL OFFICERS : Of THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD | Of CARPENTERS AND JOINERS OF AMERICA GENERAL OFFICE Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. GENERAL PRESIDENT WM. L. HUTCHESON Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. First GENERAL VICE-PRESIDENT GEORGE H. LAKEY Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. SECOND GENERAL VICE-PRESIDENT JAMES M. GAULD Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. GENERAL SECRETARY FRANK DUFFY Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. ) ; GENERAL TREASURER | THOMAS NEALE Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. GENERAL EXECUTIVE BoOaRD First District, T. M. GUERIN 290 Second Ave., Troy, N. Y. Second District, W. T. ALLEN 3832 N. Gratz St., Philadelphia, Pa. Third District, HARRY SCHWARZER 10814 Bernard Ave., Cleveland, QO. 4 Fourth District, JAMES P. OGLETRED 106 E. Plymouth St., Tampa, Fla. Fifth District, J. W. WILLIAMS 3948 S. Grand Blvd., St Louis, Mo. Sixth District, A. W. MUIR a 200 Guerrero St., San Francisco, Cal. Seventh District, ARTHUR MARTEL 1712 Chambord St., Montreal, Que., Can. WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman FRANK DUFFY, Secretary All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary. ship of Organized Labor. Death and Disability Donations Our Organization pays a funeral do- nation on the death of a _ Beneficial member’s wife in sums ranging from $25.00 to $75.00 according to years of membership; a death donation on the death of a Beneficial or Semi-beneficial member in sums ranging from $25.00 to $300.00 and also a total disability donation to a Beneficial member who becomes totally and permanently dis- abled as a result of accidental injur- ies in a sum ranging from $50.00 to $400.00. These donations come in mighty handy at a most needy time, so it should be an incentive to all mem- bers to keep themselves in benefit stand- ing if they or their beneficiaries expect to participate in same. General Treasurer Neale, whose duty it is to pass upon and pay all legal claims for donations, informs us he dis- approved thirteen claims in the month of January because the records show the member had fallen in arrears and had failed to square up in full in time to entitle him or his beneficiary to partici- pate in these donations. When you pay your dues be sure and have your mem- bership book with you and see that you are given proper credit on same for the - amount paid and the exact date of pay- ment properly recorded. You owe this to yourself and family. Remember that each member is charged with having full knowledge of the law and your Officers are not required to notify you of your delinquency. 2 -———-- -- - From the American Federation of Labor Bd TO ALL ORGANIZED LABOR. Greetings: The Fiftieth Annual Convention of the American Federation of Labor will convene one year hence in Boston, Mass- achusetts. This will be a great historic event, deeply significant to the member- For fifty years annual Conventions of the Amer- ican Federation of Labor have been held with unbroken regularity. During that
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a Pe ee a eee ee ne ee eee Le Top Se et) ee Pata wy Fey ak of» ; : ve v re “ a ee? Te Pe ae ee er 5 y b ¥ period the number of officers and dele- gates in attendance at conventions has increased in proportion to the increase in organizations and in membership. From a small beginning, with a scat- tered membership of a few hundred or a few thousand we have increased our numerical strength until we have reached approximately -three million steady, loyal, devoted, dues paying members of our great international la- bor movement. Through alternating periods of economic and _ industrial changes, during this fifty year period, we have made steady progress. We are proud of our achievements and we are determined to go forward. There is no more. fitting and appro- priate way to observe the Fiftieth An- niversary of the establishment of the - American Federation of Labor than to report to this great Congress of Labor that during this year we secured a large increase in the membership of the American Federation of Labor. Such a distinct accomplishment would create profound rejoicing among the officers and members of the American Federa- tion of Labor and their friends and, at the samé time, would serve to confound our enemies. We have an entire year in which to put forth special efforts in organizing work and in organizing cam- paigns. During the coming year we can increase our membership many thousands. The opportunities are great. Conditions are favorable and the cele- bration of our Golden Anniversary should serve as an inspiration to all officers and members of our great move- ment to serve as never before in organ- izing the unorganized and in adding to the numerical strength of our great movement. We made substantial progress last year. We ought to make greater prog- ress during the coming year. Therefore, I appeal to the officers and members of Organized Labor to rededicate them- selves to the task before us, to bring in new members, to organize the unorgan- ized, to carry the message of Organized Labor into every section and community throughout the land. I urge that Nat- ional and International Unions launch special organizing campaigns and carry on these campaigns continuously and aggressively throughout the year. There are millions of workers who come under the jurisdiction of the Nat- ional and International Unions affiliated THE CARPENTER with the American Federation of Labor who are eligible to membership and — who ought to be identified with our great Organized Labor movement. Let us bend every effort possible, dur- ing the ensuing year, workers into membership with the American Federation of Labor. Let the work of National and International Un- ions be supplemented by State Federa- tions of Labor, City Central Bodies and Local Unions. and communities. Literature suitable for special needs and situations will be supplied by the American Federation of Labor, upon request. All assistance possible will be given — to those engaged in organizing work and in organizing campaigns. Let our great objective during the coming year be. to organize the unorganized, to arouse interest in our great movement, to overcome indifference, to create en- thusiasm, to attract attention to the problems of unemployment, discrimina- tions, court injunctions, higher living standards, increasing leisure, human betterment and freedom to organize. Let us appeal to men and women to unite and to fight and struggle for the reali- zation of Labor’s ideals and for the full enjoyment of all our social, political and economic rights. I hope and trust that this year will be a great year, great in accomplish- ment, wonderful in achievement and most gratifying in results. Let our goal be to report to the Fiftieth Annual Con- vention of the American Federation of Labor a‘ larger, stronger and greater American Federation of Labor. Fraternally yours, Wm. Green, President, to bring these Special organizing cam- paigns can be launched in states, cities American Federation of Labor. — $$ _____ Conditions in Chicago Bad Carpenters are advised to-°Stay Away From Chicago. Nineteen Twenty-nine was a lean year for the building indus- try in Chicago, resulting in an unusual percentage of unemployment, but 1930 looks simply tough in comparison with 1929. : Figures as a rule are not interesting reading, but members contemplating coming to Chicago had better read these figures because they tell the story of what carpenters coming here to look for — A y. * she 2 ; 7 Pith: ets et ae 4 ; Wx Ee Si ee & pest : aS > Sees A ey a -- ae ten! eT EE Ss i oe Re Se Bye Meee
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- may expect. To get a fair com- on, let us go back to December, 8. In December, 1928, there were hundred fifty-five building permits 1ed for an amount of $22,627,100.00. In December, 1929, there were issued only one hundred and fifty-five building permits for an amount of $4,962,300.00, nearly four-fifths less, both in number of permits and in volume of money, than for the same month in 1928. Dur- ing the first five weeks in 1929, four hundred and six building permits were issued for an amount of $16,168,080.00, and in the first five weeks of 1930 only one hundred thirty building permits were issued for an amount of $5,555,- 100.00. When it is remembered that 1929 was a very poor year and 1930 starting out with approximately one-third the amount of building construction as com- pared with the same period 1929, and considering the fact that there are ap- proximately thirty thousand carpenters in Chicago, this should be sufficiently eonvincing to induce members in other districts to stay away from Chicago at this time. But if these figures will not eonvince, we advise any carpenter com- ing here to bring a good size bank ac- eount and be prepared to take a va- eation. CHICAGO DISTRICT COUNCIL Chas. H. Sand, Secretary. ——————<$§<—$_ Qa , False Reports on Trade Status To the Members of the United Brother- hood of Carpenters and Joiners of America. Greetings: . There has been a lot of advertising in the different newspapers throughout the -ecountry by the open shop division of the Chamber of Commerce of Oklahoma ’ City, stating that there is plenty of work of all kinds here, especially in the construction line, and wanting men to come to Oklahoma City, stating they eould get a job as soon as they arrived, by calling on the open shop division of the Chamber of Commerce. Brothers, when there is not enough work for the men that are already here of which there are about 50 per cent idle and looking for employment, how eould more men coming to Oklahoma _ City at this time looking for work, rem- edy the situation? Local Union No. 329 THE CARPENTER date and the name of the paper in which _ J —— * asks each member of the United Broth- erhood to send such articles, with the they are printed, to Carpenters’ Union No. 329, 916 W. Calif. Ave., Oklahoma City, Okla., and co-operate with us in every way possible; in combating the open shop fight in Oklahoma City. Also we urge traveling members to stay away from Oklahoma City, as we have more members walking the streets, than working. ? C. E. Cook, Rec. Sec: —_————$—$ $$ Work Scarce I have been requested by Local No. 44 to write you, asking that a notice be published in ‘‘The Carpenter,’’ to the effect that all newspaper reports of the buildings to be erected in Champaign and Urbana in the near future are ab- surd, and without foundation. This ad- vertising is merely a realtor’s scheme. We have a very large number of men walking the streets and the prospects for the future look as though they would continue to do so. Traveling members are urged to stay away, aS any more coming into the dis- trict will only work a further hardship. We have far more than a sufficient number to take care of all work that will be available. Frank Bosley, Rec. Sec. oo -__——_- Traveling Members Attention The Camden County and Vicinity N. J. District Council, requests members of the Brotherhood to stay away from that district during the present depression, as there is not sufficient work going on to keep the resident carpenters em- ployed. * k * Secretary Dixon of Carpenters’ Dis- trict Council of Washington, D. C. re- ports that a rather bad condition is be- ing experienced in that district. A very large number of members are out oi work at this time and a large number of out of town men are transferring in, due probably to the extensively adver- tised building program of the Govern- ment there, which work could easily be taken care of by the local members and there would still be a large number out of work, hence their request that car- penters stay away. from Washington, dD. Cc.
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THE CARPENTER Recording Secretary Frank Ward of Local Union No. 27, Toronto, Ontario, advises that newspaper stories have been circulated which would lead one to believe that the building trade in Toronto is booming, but such is not the case and a very large percentage of car- penters are out of work at the present time. He states that it has been a hard © winter so far and that traveling mem- — bers would be well advised to stay away from Toronto. BS * * Carpenters are requested not to come to White Plains, N. Y. seeking work as building is at a standstill. A large number of the members of Local Union No. 53 are out of work with no pros- pects in sight for employment. The same condition prevails throughout the jurisdiction of the Westchester County - District Coyncil with which Local. Union No. 53 is affiliated, according to the re- port of Recording Secretary Fred C. Still. * 5 * Local Union No. 203, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. requests traveling carpenters to stay away from that city as there is no work there and according to the report of Recording Secretary Neal there are no prospects for the near future. * * * 4 Work is searce in Lockport, N. Y. The past year was an exceptionally good one resulting in a big increase in mem- bership. However, at the present time about half the membership is out of work and Secretary Bluhm of Local Un- ion No. 289, requests that traveling members take notice of present condi- tions. * Po Po Morris Lunger, Secretary of Local . Union No. 750, Asbury Park, N. J., re- ports that there is very little work in that city and that a large number of their members are idle. Traveling car- penters are requested to stay away from Asbury Park for the present. * a * Work is very scarce in Borger, Texas, and Recording Secretary Reid of Local Union No. 1213 advises that there are many carpenters unemployed. He re- quests that carpenters be advised to stay away from that vicinity. cS By % Local Union 1281 of Abilene, Texas, wishes to notify carpenters that there is very little work there about 30 per cent and 5. An of the members are working only part time. conditions more serious. They have an assessment for the months of February, March and April. Recording Secretary S. H. Jennings requests that any brother -contemplating coming to Abilene should first get in touch with him. % By * Local Union No. 1794, Punta Gorda, Florida, wishes to notify traveling mem- bers that there are enough union car- penters in Punta Gorda to take care of the local situation in regard to the new bridge, and would not advise car- penters to come there expecting to work. TO?) Florida State Council Meets in Annual Convention The Florida State Council of Carpen- ters held its sixth annual convention at Lakeland, Florida, on February 3, 4, inspiring and instructive address delivered by General President Wm. L. Hutcheson fascinated the dele- gates and was a big feature of the con- vention. Following the meeting of the Execu- tive Council of the American Federation of Labor at St. Petersburg, General Secretary Duffy visited the convention and addressed the delegates. He dis- cussed the problems of the various Lo- cals in the South and removed a deal of uncertainty in the minds, of all present. The convention was also addressed by Jerry Williams, formerly of Birming- ham, Ala., and now a permanent guest at the Home, paying a beautiful tribute to the organization for the manner in which the Brotherhood is caring for him and other members in the twilight of their lives. The delegates were treated to a pic- ture show that was held in the spacious auditorium of the Home on the evening following the first day of the session. The convention was presided over by State President, W. R. C. Phillips, and the delegates were loud in their predic- tions that better things were in store in the near future for our members in Florida. —_—---_—_———_-.----_—__-_————- Convention of Washington State Council The Washington State Council of Carpenters held its annual convention at Yakima on January 20 and 21st. With nothing in sight and more members clearing in, will only make | —
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Practically every Local in the state was resented. A fine reception was ac- 2d the delegates on the opening day the mayor, city officials and others attended the meeting. : esident Leo. Flynn presided, with D. Chamberlain taking care of the scretarial duties. Both were re-elected - another year. presented, some were of considerable importance. Resolutions to combine the offices of secretary and president and that of establishing the state head- quarters at Olympia, were defeated. No resolutions dealing with wages or work- ing conditions were acted upon or intro- duced, but the convention gave general discussion to those matters. Otto Hartwig, representing the lum- ber manufacturers, appeared before the ' carpenters and urged the use of lumber in place of substitutes now so sian even on the Pacific Coast. Several fraternal delegates other organizations, also representa- tives of the Carpenters State Council of Oregon, were present. Tacoma, Port Angeles and Enumclaw conducted a spirited campaign for the next convention city, the latter finally winning out. . The convention was also addressed by Captain Brocket of the Puget Sound Light and Power Company. He spoke straight to the point and was listened to very attentively as the subject dealt with was one in which the carpenters are vitally interested. —_——_—$—$—$—$—$—$—$— $5. Local Union No. 16 Celebrates On New Year’s Eve a party sponsored by Local Union No. 16, Springfield, I11., and the newly organized Ladies’ Auxil- iary Union No. 230 ‘was held in the new hall of our Local Union, at which there were some 250 or 300 members and friends present, every one of which had a good time. The ladies were requested to bring a few sandwiches and a pie or two and with coffee, which we made in our kitch- en at our new hall, every one had plenty to eat and drink, which was not expen- Sive to either organization. We have purchased a piano for our hall and we engaged a 5 piece orchestra for the evening and those who cared to do so danced. : -, THE CARPENTER a not so many resolutions were. from It was a real pleasure to see some of the ‘old timers’? doing a good old fash- ioned waltz or quadrille. Games and other forms of amuse- ment were provided for those who did not care to dance. The party as a whole was so success- ' ful that it is to become at least a bi- monthly affair. In conclusion want to add that a good live ladies Auxiliary is a wonderful as- set to a Tocal Union. 7 Our Auxiliary organized in December, with some 30 members has been taking in two or more new members each meet- ing night and with the interest shown now is going. to become a wonderful help to Local Union No. 16. No doubt you will hear from them. Thanking you for your interest in us and our party, I am Yours Fraternally, Harry A. Spilly, R. S.; XU... Mo: 46. Springfield, Ill. _ —_ 2 -—_—- York Pays Tribute To John Halkett The recently elected President of Building Trades Council of New York City, Long Island and Vicinity, John Halkett, was honored in the form of a New Harmony Dinner and Dance held in Commodore Hotel, on 1930. This dinner brought an outpouring of Trade Unionists and friends’ over six- teen hundred strong, as an evidence of the good will of men and women who have been benefited by the sterling leadership of Brother Halkett in bring- ing about the five day week in New York for all trades without the loss of time, strife, or other inconveniences that generally come with movements -of this kind, and when we realize the fierce struggle it took to bring about the eight hour day, then the gradual bringing about of the forty-four hour week, and finally the five day week in the largest city in the country it is evidence of the economic right of the five day week. We know that such an achievement means much detail work, many confer- ences and many disappointments on the way to its conclusion, and whoever ac- complished such a feat must have had the united co-operation of the member- ship, and the undivided support of the February 10, ~ — So ———— ——
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a. _ officers, both great and small, of the ‘ a Local Unions, District Councils and In- - ternationals, for those who have tried - such a thing know in order to bring it about they must inspire the confidence of all those whom they come in contact with to be able to put their idea into offect. Not only has New York been benefit- ed by the achievement, but the entire country, and we may well feel proud of the membership of those who were able to accomplish such a thing, and we ex- tend our congratulations to the mem- bership in New York generally and to John Halkett personally. There was a very splendid dinner served, after which came speaking from some earnest and eloquent orators. Then the tables were cleared from the ball room and dancing took place, which was generally indulged in by the members, their wives and friends. Then talent from the leading theatres lent their aid to make the celebration - a very enjoyable one, and the dancing eontinued until well on in the morning. In the finish it could be said a good time was had by all. ————_——_—_—_o——_—__—_ Long Membership Honored At a special called meeting of L. U.. No. 1598, Victoria, B. C., Can., three members’ names were presented, whose long standing connection with this or- ganization is worthy of recognition, comment and the session held to honor them. Brother C. Severs, 54 years member- ship; Brother J. Mason, 43 years mem- bership; Brother B. Sellers, 37 years membership. Each of these brothers was presented with a check amounting to Two Dollars for every year of member- ship. President A. Smith in making the presentation, called particular attention to Brother Sever’s enviable record, of which it would be hard to find an equal on the American Continent. Owing to ill health Brother Mason and Brother Sellers were unavoidably absent, but Brother Severs in a brief speech thanked the Local for the kind thoughts and menerous action. J. T. Townsend, Rec. Sec. ————————@q— ‘*‘Brains”’ and ‘‘Hand’’ Labor are Misnomers Where is to by unthinking persons? Are hands useless to the surgeon, the architect, artist, sculptor or office man? Are brains unnecessary to the man in overalls, be he operating a machine, sailing a ship or building a fence? Labor is impossible without co-ordi- nation of brain and hand. While the degrees of co-ordination may vary, the principle remains.. The attempt to set so-called ‘‘brain’”’ labor apart from so-called “hand” la- | bor is an echo of by-gone days when. work was considered degrading. The term ‘‘brain’’ labor appears to be an apology in an age that exalts all labor, while the term ‘“‘hand’’ labor assumes that brain power is not need- ed where hands are soiled. ey ee One example is worth a thousand ar- guments.—Gladstone. * % * It matters not how long we live, but how.—Phillip J. Bailey. a DEATH ROLL WILLIAM A. COWL—Local Union No. 879, Elmira, N. Y. WILLIAM F. JOWDRY—Local Union No. 2396, Seattle, Wash. W. E. SHEDD—Local Union No. 286, Great Falls, Montana. ALOIS STOCKER—Local 286, Great Falls, Montana. JOHN L. VIVIAN—Local Union No. 286, Great Falls, Montana. Union No. eG Soy rnin ys Sie, te ute fla ge cai Syn ek or eal eee are it is reported by the Cross Tie Bulletin in a recent is- The structure was torn down on ~ account of the building of a dam at It is 280 feet long and — built | by one Daniel Stewart and has bees a the distinction between brain and hand labor so often referred es
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7 This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents. Finds Much of Interest in Correspon- dence Editor, ‘‘The Carpenter’’: We all have friends, I trust, that we have never met face to face, friends far removed from us who through com- mon interests or providential circum- stances we have come to regard as our friends and any communication from them or about them that confirms our good opinion is received with pleasure. I read with much interest the letters published in the correspondence section of ‘“‘The Carpenter’? from Brothers liv- ing in widely separated parts of the country and the communications of many of them have so appealed to me that I count them as friends. In the last issue of the ‘‘The Carpen- ter’? the keen and kindly philosophy of Brother Jack Rivers as expressed in ‘“Daddy’s Building’’ was especially ap- pealing. Sixty years ago I started working at the carpenter trade and 48 of those years I have spent in the beautiful little City of Cortland, N. Y., and as I pass up and down her streets I see in many _places the work my own hands have wrought on her buildings and I feel . that in a sense I am a part of our city. My strength and whatever skill I pos- sess are woven into her material fabric that will remain when I am gone, for Labor is Life taking on permanent form, and what is true in my own case is true of many of my fellow workmen with whom I have touched elbows and formed fond friendships, and, as I think of the four or five brothers, who with myself are all that remain of the char- ter members of our L. U. No. 1019, I am touched with a feeling of friend- liness toward them that words cannot express. Sometimes we have a warm feeling of friendliness toward inanimate things. My first steel square that had an 18- inch tongue was lost in 1884, while I was building a house in this city and I strongly suspected that it was stolen by aman who was working for me, but I had no’ proof. I had used that square about 12 years and was much attached to it because of its extra length of tongue and it upset me to lose it, al- though an extra length of tongue is not always desirable in a friend. But, to illustrate how unjust our suspicions may sometimes be, let me say just 40 years later, the owner of that house was having new plumbing installed when lo: my square was brought to light. The plumber—-who was a friend of mine, in cleaning up the square found my name stamped on it and he returned it to me. I was right glad to see my old friend after so long a separation as well as to know the man whom I suspected, who died years ago went to his reward with a clear conscience in the matter of my lost square. The moral to this story I would point out is this, Brothers do not be too hasty with your suspicions and always stamp your name on your tools. Most carpenters use a 16-inch tongue square and they may think the man a freak who prefers the 18-inch tongue, but to all such I say it all “depends on how one learns. Remember the multi-— plication table does not end with twelve times twelve, and there are carpenters according to Brothers Perth and Jamie- son, to whom it does not matter whether the tongue is 16, 18 or 20 inches long or whether there are any figures what- soever on the square for they evidently could not tell a hypothenuse from the square root of a hog’s nose. Such car- penters it seems to me mark the decad- ence into which the trade is falling. Walter B. Stevenson, lx U. Mo. 1049. Cortland, N. Y. __——_- OO ccme Would the Remedy Kill or Cure Editor, ‘‘The Carpenter’’: I have come to agree with H. H. Wat- son and M. P. Storey. I have read with much interest their letters printed re- cently in the Carpenters’ Journal relat-
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“ig eo Ora S, vip te 4 $ : iy he THE CARPENTER ing to a subject that every craftsman in our organization should think well of—a desire to refrain from accepting to membership all men except those who are mechanically qualified. I do hope the organization will adopt some method in endeavoring to stop this overflow of carpenters. There seems to be at present more carpenters. than there is work for them to do. We have a good organization and I do hope that we will not make the big mistake in overloading it. Carpenters are very plentiful. No matter where you go you will now find many good carpenters walking the streets either through lack of building operations, or because they will not accept employment under the conditions offered by some unscrupulous contractors. What would be the out- come if this were to continue? All this is due to the, over supply of carpenters. I do believe for the betterment of the organization that we should adopt the foregoing method; that is, to refrain from taking in any apprentices for a reasonable period of time and to raise the initiation fee for new members to a sum commensurate with prevailing conditions, And these new men should be qualified in conformity with the laws of our organization. I believe if the above policy were put | into effect that the craftsmen in our trade would have less difficulty in ob- taining work during slack times. We have a good sound organization; let us keep it so. R. Marlow, L. U. No. 847. Natick, Mass. 2 Ladies Auxiliary Union No. 68 Editor, ‘‘The Carpenter’’: Ladies Auxiliary Union No. 63 is very glad to know of the activities of the different Auxiliaries as published in “The Carpenter.’”’ We wish them all success. We have been instituted since April 26, 1921. We regret that we are unable to get more ladies interested in this wonderful order. It is a custom of ours to give flowers and fruit to sick members, or to their husbands if sick; we visit them, and if in need we give what aid we can. On Christmas we sent candy to the brothers in the Home at Lakeland, Florida. We are very glad that the brothers can spend their re- maining years in the land of flowers and sunshine. We wish them years of hap- piness. us or write us. Mrs. C. Bernicker, Secretary. Lz A. No. 63: Atlantie City, N. J. —_—__ 2 uuWuOxuucm Predicts Prosperity The Hon. James J. Davis, U. S. Sec- retary of Labor, in an address before the annual megting of the United States Business Men’s Association in Philadel- — phia, said: “You don’t promote prosperity by howling calamity. The whole country takes that view, and it is going to prosper because it hzs made up its mind to prosper.’ With more than $9,000,000,000 in construction work already reported in the building program for 1930, and with increased employment throughout industry in the United States, Secretary Davis declared the country was going forward, not only as if there had been no stock-market crash three months ago, but “perhaps better than ever.” Depression with the train of evil con- sequences which has followed every other similar crash in the nation’s his- tory, did not follow this one, Secretary Davis added, because of ‘‘our economic wisdom, and a sound financial system.’’ -_ —_ > —uo——~ I Hate To Be A Kicker—But I hate to be a kicker, I always long for peace, But the wheel that does the squeaking is the one that gets the grease. You tell ’ém kid—-you’re peaceful and not too hard to please, But the dog that’s always scratching is the one that has the fleas. *“*T hate to be a kicker,’ means nothing in a show; The kicker in the chorus is the one that gets the dough; The art of soft soap spreading is 2 thing that palls and stales, But the guy that wields the hammer is the one who drives the nails. Let us not put any notions that are harmful in your head, But the baby that keeps yelling is the baby that gets fed. —St. Paul Optimist News. ——_————-o-- Our life is what our ose make it—Marcus Aurelius. These are only a few of the de- ag tails of our work. We shall be pleased at any time to have any Auxiliary visit —
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=a rl Craft BD 7 i CARPENTRY (By H. H. Siegele) LESSON XXIII In Fig. 123 of our ldst lesson we ‘showed a post and a sill marked ready for the laying-out of the mortises and tenons. We also showed a girt and a brace with the tenons framed. In this lesson we are going to deal with the joints of these timbers. Carpentry is so Ay “4, ye. O Fig. 128 full of joints and modifications of joints, that it will be impossible for us to deal with all of them. It is our intention, nevertheless, to take up such joints as we may find helpful to our readers, and that will fit into this work from time to time. The mortise-and-tenon joint is the one usually employed in heavy timber Y Fig. 129 framing. The proportion of the width of the mortise to the thickness of the timber into which it is worked, is one- third, and the mortise is. cut into the —— ‘raft Problem —s ‘the tenon is MUTATE a al FAT center of the timber. .... However, this is not always true. A \great many framers of heavy timbers seldom make the mortises. and tenons more than 2 inches wide, even though the timbers Fig. 130 are 8x8’s, 8x10’s, or even larger. In this respect the judgment of the framer has an important part to play. Mortises and tenons should always be laid off from the face of the timber, so when they are put together the faces of the timbers will come flush. The joints are held together by means of draw-bore o@ Fig. 131 pins. The mortise-and-tenon joint is draw-bored, that is to say, the hole in | l%-inch closer to the shoulders than the hole of the mortise is to the cheeks; and when the pin is driven in, the shoulder of the tenon is drawn tightly onto the cheeks of the | mortise. A mortise-and-tenon joint —
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THE CARPENTER 55 ready to go together is shown by Fig. 128. The holes for the draw-bore pin are heavily shaded. The dotted lines show how the two timbers are to come together. Fig. 129 shows the joint completed. The draw-bore pins, or treenails, as they are sometimes called, should be Fig. 132 made from tough straight-grained wood, such as oak or locust. Wood, even though it may be tough and straight- grained, that is eaten should be avoided for draw-bore pins. For, if in time the worms should Fig. 133 eat up the pins, the building would fall to pieces. Hickory is the best example of the woods to be avoided. liable to be worm-. The making of the pins is simple. Cut blocks of wood as long as the pins_ are to be; usually a little longer than the thickness of the timbers. Then split the blocks into square pins slightly thicker than the diameter of the holes in the mortises and tenons. This done, with a steel plate having a round hole somewhat larger than the draw-bore holes, the pins can be finished by. driv- ing them through this hole. It will, of course, be necessary to sharpen one end of the square pins in order to start them. The reason the hole in the steel plate must be larger than the holes in enn Fig. 134 . the mortises and tenons, is because the pins, in order to fit tightly, must be a little larger than the draw-bore holes. Pins from % to 1 inch in diameter will answer for most purposes. Fig. 130 shows a T-mortise-and-tenon joint about to go together. Fig. 131, shows the T-joint completed. A mortise-and-tenon joint for a corner post joining a sill is shown by Fig. 132. The joint for the plate where the corner post joins it is exactly the same as the one shown here, excepting that the mor tise comes above the tenon. A mortise and tenon for a girt joining a corner post is shown by Fig. 133. Fig. 134 shows a mortise-and-tenon joint
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ite ’Mortises and tenons must be well ex- om ecuted, otherwise trouble will be the The tenons should be made to fit snugly into the mortises; : not too large and not too small. The sharp cor- dressed off with a plane, so they will slip into the mortises with ease. The shoulders of the tenons must be per- fectly square, and the cheeks of the - mortises must be even in order to-insure a uniformly tight fit in every joint. The f BS depths of the mortises should be slight- ly deeper than the length of the tenons, and care should always be taken in -draw-boring, that it will not become EP ptish- boring by mistake. By push-boring is meant, that the hole in the tenon is _ farther from the shoulders, than the hole in the mortise is from the cheeks; in which case the pin would open the joint on driving it, instead of drawing it together. Measurements for locating mortises and tenons should be made painstakingly; a mistake in this is al- ways sure to bring erict. Under the letter B, we have these terms: Easement. A graceful bend in a stair rail, or base. ‘ Eaves. The lower edge of a roof. - _ EHave-trough. A trough carrying rain ___—-water along the eaves. A gutter. a? Ecrogen. Summit-growers. _-~=~—« «Edge. The cutting part of a tool. The border of a piece of lumber or any material object. _ Egg-And-Anchor. An egg-shaped or- : nament, alternating with another in the ‘form of a dart, used to enrich the ovolo; called also, egg-and-dart, and egg-and-tongue. _ Elbow. A sharp angle in any surface of wainscoting or other woodwork. The upright sides which flank any paneled work, as the sides of windows, where _ the jamb makes an elbow with the win- dow back. aa Elbow Catch. A catch, shaped like an Bae pad for holding a door in place. eeraen. A seeping projection hoisting machinery in a _ hotel, 7 nes eo Elevator. A cage or platform and the ware- house, mine, ete. Ellipse. An oval or oblong figure, bounded by a regular curve, which cor- responds to an oblique projection of a ' circle or an oblique section of a cone through its opposite sides. Elliptical Arch. An arch having the form of an ellipse. Embrasure. A splay of a door or window. End. The termination of any piece of lumber, or other material thing. End-grain. The grain running at a right-angle to the surface. Endogen. Inward-growers. Entablature. The super-structure : which lies horizontally upon thecolumns. Equal Pitch. A regular pitch, or a pitch having the same rise per foot run throughout. Even Pitch. Same as equal pitch. Excavate. To dig, as for a basement, wall, ete. Exogen. Outward-growers. Expansive Bit. An auger bit with a cutting blade that can be adjusted so as to bore many sizes of holes. Exterior. The outside of a building. Extrados. The exterior curve of an arch. -—_—<$ <$<—_ Qa CARPENTRY—COURSE IN BUILDING (By Richard M. Van Gaasbeek, Pratt — Institute, School of Sciefice and Ss Technology, Brooklyn, N. Y.) 7 _ Constructing a Winding Stairway UNIT INSTRUCTION SHEET NO. 3 I—Aim Of The Unit: 1—-To make templates for laying out strings: pitch board, wedge template, nosing line template. STAIR II—Trade Terms: 1—Prepare an indexed glossary of trade terms: pitch board, wedges, wedge template, nosing line, nosing line tem- ; plate, rise, riser. s III—Tools and Materials: : 1—The use and care of tools. SS 2—Materials required. 1 piece 4%” x 24%” x 55%”. ~1 piece 4”. x 14%” x 8”. 1 piece 4” x %” x 6”. 1 piece 4%” x 1” x 6”.
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“™ ‘ a af a 4; ITV——Specifications: 1—Rise. 2” face of tread to face of tread. 2——Nosing line 1”. 3—Allowance for wedging %” in one foot. 4—_Treads, 14” thick. 5—Risers, %” thick. PETER BOARD Pitch Board V—Operations: 1—Mark pitch board with the steel square, using 2” rise on the tongue and the distance (A) 8 15-16” on the blade. Mark on tongue for the rise or plumb and on the blade for the run or level. 2—Saw full of lines. 3—Dress square and accurately to the lines and test measurements. (Note) Grain of wood should run in the direction shown in drawing No. 722.1b. Wedge Template 1—-Draw a square 146” x %”.at one end of stock. Drawing No. 722.lb. 2—-Mark diagonals and locate center of nosing or projection and location for spur of bit in housing strings. 3—-From this square mark off the distance (A) on line of travel, 3 15-16” and square a line across stock at this point. 4—-Measure up on this line from the edge of stock %”, %” thickness of tread and 4” wedge allowance. 5—Connect the outside corner of the square with the point located in opera- tion No. 4 and continue line to the end of the stock. ~ Sa Sat ae THE CARPENTER drawing 722.1 or 6—Saw full of lines. lines. 8—Drive small brad in center of — Square or make a small hole for insert- ing a brad awl to spot center of nosing — (Note) for spur of bit in housing. Wedges usually pitch %” in one foot. Nosing Line Template 1—Cut 1 piece of stock exactly 4” x 34 ” x 6”. 2—Cut 1 piece of stock exactly 4” £2") yor: 3—Nail both pieces together as shown in drawing No. 722.lb. (Note) No fixed principles determine the nosing line but rather the individ- ual judgment of the architect, owner, contractor or mechanic. Three inches is fairly standard and as this problem is approximately one third full size, the nosing line is made 1” in carrying out these proportions. ViI— Questions: 1—What allowance is generally made made for wedging:? 2**__Why are wedges used in as- sembling the risers and treads in place? 3—What is meant by nosing line? 4—How much is generally allowed for the nosing or projection of the tread? 5—Which way should the grain of the wood run in laying out a pitch board? (b) Why? a ee ee Nail Doweling (By H. H. Siegele) The best is not always the best. That is true in the method of doweling that | we are presenting to our readers by this article. The best way to dowel, is, of course, the approved way that is al- most universally used. But there are Bend Here Fig. 1 occasions when the method we are showing is the best—that’s why we are showing it. For instance, two boards are to be held together, but circum- ce xa, z ate ae 7—Dress square and accurately tee bt, ae
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stances do not justify doweling them in e approved way; what then? Well, ean be doweled with nails, which those instances will answer the pur- pose in every way. The end view, in part, of two boards th lat are to be joined, is shown by Fig. Fig. 1 Dowel 1i—also a nail with the point slightly bent, as indicated by the drawing. The is driven into the board, which will give it the position shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 3 shows how the nails can be driven, say, Fig. 3 next from the other, and so on, until the doweling is completed. This method of doweling is not a substitute for the better method, al- most universally used, but it is given to be used in situations that in themselves justify its use. ———— ———— _ THE MODERN STEEL SQUARE “Carpenter’s Calculator” (By L. Perth) Chapter Four SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES In the previous lessons it was ex-- plained that a roof frame or a roof truss is composed of right-angled triangles, This similarity will be further illus- trated in Fig. 8, where at, ‘‘a’”’ is shown a triangle ABC, and at ‘“‘b’”’ a roof truss ABA, is represented. This roof truss, while being a triangle is not a right angled triangle. But, by drawing a line CD through the center of the building, the roof truss is divided into two equal parts, or right triangles A, B, and C on the left and A, B, and C on the right. The first problem in framing a roof is to determine the length of the rafters. In this case we know that the building THE CARPENTER joint being otherwise prepared, the nail one from one side of the joint, and the is 16 feet wide and the roof is to be 6 feet high. Since it is an equally pitched roof the rafters on both sides of the center line CD. will be of the same length. The building being 16 feet wide, the run will equal § feet. Now, we have a problem like this: In a building 16 feet wide with a roof 6 feet high, what will be the length of the common rafters: or our problem may be formulated thus: in a roof with an 8 foot run A-C and 6 foot rise B-C, what is the length of the rafter A-B? By comparing this figure with the triangle at ‘‘a’’ we will see that the half of the roof truss A-B-C is the same as the triangle ABC, where the run is the base, the height is the altitude and the rafter is the hypotenuse. In other words the problem before us is that of a solution of a triangle where the sides AC and BC are known and it is required to find the third side, or the hypotenuse AB. The ‘Solution of Triangles’’ is treated in that branch of mathematics known as “Trigonometry,’’ which deals essentially in determining the values of unknown parts of a triangle when the values of other parts are given. There is a rule in Trigonometry which reads: “In a right angled triangle the side opposite the right angle equals to the square root of the sum of the squares of the two other sides’. When applied to roof framing, this rule is*known as the “Square Root Method’’. Applying this rule.to our problem we have AB squared equals AC squared plus BC squared, which means that the square of the distance AB equals the square of the distance AC plus the square of the distance BC. Substituting the real values in our problem we will have AB squared equals AC squared plus BC squared equals AB ' squared equals 8 squared plus 6 squared or AB squared equals (8x8) plus (6x6), which equals to AB squared equals 64 plus 36 equals 100. Since the square of AB equals 100. to find the length of AB we must find the square root of 100 which equals 10. This rule is plainly illustrated in Fig. 9, where the squares of all three sides are graphically represented. Thus by counting the little squares on each side of the triangle, we find ~
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al a i al * EE ——E EEE eT ee THE CA that, the number of squares on side AC plus the number of squares on side BC equal to the number of squares on side AB. AC x AC equals 64, BC x BC RPENTER 59 length of the rafter. The roof frame in Fig. 8 has a run of 8 feet and a rise of 6 feet. Therefore: Run squared plus rise squared equals B&B ~ yy aL @) : FGB ()) equals 36; 64 plus 36 equals 100, which equals AB x AB. This rule holds good for the solution of any right angled triangle and there- OG 264) Bx *I8 length squared or 8 squared plus 6 squared equals length squared. 8 squared equals 64; 6 squared equals 36; 64 plus 36 equals 100. ¢ JBN FC? + BC Ff LENGTH == Pun * Riset 64+ 56 = 700 | 8X8 = Cle V/Q0 =70 414.9 FULE.- LE OF RAE. ® SWUACE £007 -LEt 2 O24, fore this method is used for finding the lengths of rafters and may be formu- lated thus: The square of the run plus the square of the rise, equals the square of the If 100 is the square of the length, then the square root of 100 equals 10. This rule may be expressed thus: Length of rafter equals square root of. (run squared plus rise squared).
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Another Horse Am inclosing a sketch of a sawhorse ch I find is large enough for most use. Hardwood and screws should EE" 7 ir ‘be used and care should be exercised in making the holes large enough so the screws do not split the wood. Bert DeVries, | may. U. No. 719 Freeport, Ill. [en Framing Timbers Here is a plan for framing timbers which I think is an advantage over Bro- ther H. H. Siegele’s method in ‘‘Carpen- try Lesson No. 21.’’ First, I place tim- ber on skids, turn into proper position, go one face will be level, another level line at each end of timber, with my spirit level 2 inches from nearest corner of timber. Then strike a chalk line from one plumb line to the other, and level lines the same way. This will apply to round timbers as well as wind- ing ones, and is much quicker, easier and more accurate than using battons es THE CARPENTER feet high was built, and assuming that plumb, then I draw a plumb line and a Union No. 1296, 812 Beardsley St., San Ce = “a to describe the wind. Otherwise follow Brother Siegele’s plans. Wm. Root, LU. Me. it Cleveland, O. ' ig te Is He Right? If a building 100 feet wide and 1,000 it were possible to erect the walls per- fectly plumb, what would be the result? “ I maintain that the walls would be slightly: wider apart at the top, for the 4 reason that all plumb lines point to the | center of the Earth, as the center of gravity. So, consequently, as you rise above the Earth the lines will diverge like the spokes of a wheel. an 7) As near as I can figure this the build- ing 100 feet at base and 1,000 feet high, will be .006.of an inch wider at the top. Fred H. Ferris. L. U. No. 746 Norwalk, Conn. _S——_———_ @ —___— - -- Something New in Furniture These cuts shown here are drawings of a useful chair designed and patented July 72 7929 | Cherles Poul Ldwerds Dae Faventor OF Ltonomy Dressing CAeir h 22 82 Besdsiey St. Mein ss98 Son Diego, CGiifornie 21" . Plan Sheet Moz Siete View of ehere Scole $te/* }-—_———__——_ #4" ——_______ >. , by Brother Charles P. Edwards of Local Diego, Calif. The advantage of.such a piece of furniture with storage space may be readily seen. This type of chair 7
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THE CARPENTER ae to have brother members send him the should be suitable for persons living in addresses of furniture manufacturers in apartments where closet space is very limited. Brother Edwards would like Bach Wrew of Chor'r | Scale $ fo /" J ae Frent View of char Scele $ fof” Ses ware eur ij tii — ee ee ee ee “oF, 2C, 20a C74 1-772 See fe ars to” ———— ff» lad ss ~—" Se aa ZTE agg ly View of top and bottom rail Scole $to/” Span 9( fer SEL fps 12 Fen ee CMT 20° % Poneld LLL] 6 End View of seat Scale £"te |” kk su 173 >} their vicinity, as it is his desire to have the chair manufactured on a royalty Seot Scele $"to/” basis. |
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Friction (By H. H. Siegole) “What in the Sam Hill,’ I imagine some of my readers will say, when they read this article, “does he want to tell us that for? Everybody knows how to sten a cord to a stake. What-.does he nt to write about those simple things for? Why doesn’t he write about things hat are really Rearat” ‘Well, i will Rls or my critics, by saying that so many writers deal with the hard things Zig PS, BELLA BEA rz> Wf Ag TTT V/ N Uh Fig. ‘i about carpentry, that that field is well covered, and so often, too, that the hard things are becoming easy for well- read carpenters. I have chosen a field that is seldom, if ever, touched upon by technical writers, especially those writ- ing about things pertaining to the build- ing industry. In this article I am deal- ing with the problem of fastening a cord to a stake. The method I am illustrat- ing is not a new one; however, it is new to new men, such as apprentices, and it is for them I am writing in par- ticular. Fig. 1 shows a plan of a stake having a cord fastened to it by the friction method. The cord is shown wrapped around the stake once (sometimes it is Vv apped twice). Then it crosses the as shown at B, Fig. 1 and Fig. 3. THE CARPENTER Fig. 2, A, shows the side of the stake, marked A, on Fig. 1. A cord fastened to a stake by the friction method, if it is carefully done, will not come loose so long as the cord 7; ‘ii (ft f |) SSS Pe I ey ‘Fig. 3 is kept reasonably tight. On the other hand, it almost unfastens itself on com- pletely slacking up the cord. There is no better method for fastening a cord to a stake than this, and every appren- tice should acquire the habit of doing it early in his career. a Funnel Problem Solved Another Way I wish to submit a solution to Brother J. Becker’s problem relative to laying out a funnel with steel square and di- viders, which, I think is not’as compli- cated as Brother E. Rutter’s solution in the December ‘‘Carpenter’”’. 1. Draw a center line A, the base line at B. 2. Inscribe the half circle b, the same diameter as the base of the cone, using the point B as center. 3. Extend the lines forming the sides of the cone until they cross the line A at C. 4. Divide the half circle b into any number of equal spaces. intersecting 5. Draw such portions of the circle - H as may be required with the radius | C-D, using C as center. | ca ~
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direction, on the circle H, as many spaces, and of equal length, as there are spaces in the half circle b. 7. Draw such portion of the circle G as may be required, using C-d as radius and C as center. 8. Draw lines from E and E’ toward the point C, until they intersect the circle G.at'F and F’’. 9. The pattern thus cut along: the lines E-F-G-F-E and H will form the frustum of the cone as required. 10. Sufficient material must be al- lowed for laps and seams. Octavis E. Davis, -L. U. No. 176 Newport, R. I. —_———————->——_———— Mr. Siegele Replies In answer to Bert Ortlieb’s criticism, which appears on page 67 of the Febru- ary Carpenter, I submit the following: On page 51 of the December, 1929, Carpenter, can be found these lines, taken from the text of the lesson Mr. Ortlieb criticises: ‘Because the log house is used so rarely in these days, we are not taking up the various kinds of joints that could be employed for the corner. Nor is the joint we are showing the best. . The joint we are showing could be modified in various ways, which we believe the student should do, should he be interested in this almost obsolete style of construction.’’ While the joint that Mr. Ortlieb shows takes care of the drainage ques- - tion, which in a permanent structure is an important thing, it is, notwithstand- ing that fact, otherwise no better than 6. Beginning at B point off in each joints: THE CARPENTER 63 the joint I have shown, inasmuch as it makes a weak corner—I am speaking of the hewed-log joint. The log he has marked ‘‘Bottom Timber,” is held in place by the log marked ‘‘Top Timber’’; but there is nothing in the world to keep the top timber from pushing out, in case of an outward pressure. These remarks are equally true if applied, vice versa, to the joint that I have shown in Lesson XX of the Carpentry series... . When I made the drawings for this lesson, I had under consideration two The one shown in the lesson, and the one I am showing herewith. I chose the former, partly because it was easier to illustrate, and partly because I wanted the student to think for him- self, just as Mr. Ortlieb has done. The joint I am showing here, is much harder to make than the other, but it will make a substantial corner, and at the same time take care of the drainage. —— QQ ______ Corrects Error In Circle Problem In reply to solution of the circle prob- lem by Frank A. Miller of L. U. No. 36, ¥, v - Whom ie a jie tiek _. Qhile. Cirtinwts Bho. Vase San Francisco, Calif., in the February issue, will say he is very much at error and proof here stated. Edward Cranson, L. U. Nos FoF. Detroit, Mich. | a 4 -
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ee apt ener oe How To File Your Saw , that a new saw does not function prop- erly until it has been filed. I offer this modestly, but I have filed saws for fifty years and if I can tell my brother workmen anything that will _ help them, I feel it my duty so to do, and it is surely my pleasure. Brother Arthur Neff told you right: “File toward the point of saw and al- __—~-ways joint saw before filing or setting.” There are several things more to tell. In the first place, have a good light with * the saw so placed that you can see the - jittle flat places on ends of teeth, made py the jointer and don’t file a tooth . that does not show this flat place and stop when you cease to see this same _ flat place. All you file after this, short- ens the tooth and makes a loafer out cor it. I consider this caution the key to all good results: In jointing remove as lit- tle as possible and if a few teeth are rather short leave them and file to a point and in a few filings they will be up even with the others. For ‘“‘hook’’ make front of tooth about 90 degrees with the saw and for hard wood leave the cutting edge some- what thicker than for soft wood. hy oe 5 1 owed.” pues NE «as ee Py i rane ee A When finished the teeth viewed from ag end of saw should present a perfect ‘‘V”’. . To remove burr place saw flat on a Es smooth board, lay file flat on teeth and oe run lightly from heel to point on each eg side,this also trues the teeth up on sides, . correcting any small variation in set ~~ and causes saw to cut a smooth surface. Bs Should you by chance, get too much me set in a saw, a good way to reduce it is a by a little more side jointing. For tools, get a saw vise that will hold saw firmly with a convenient back- ward tilt. Buy or make a jointer that - will joint squarely, and use a good saw set. Lastly, if you are not a good saw filer now, be willing to study and prac- tice and you will become one. _ George F. Dyer, Los Angeles, Calif. . airy ec Be ite 0 ot he ee THE CARPENTER >» ad a ‘ ooge F . » 4x ‘ t ‘ nS pe le SNe Coe er de ee 6 I have been reading with much in- ‘ terest, the articles published in our — Journal about “Saw Filing’. I see by Brother Ahner of. Yuba City, Calif., that the old time argument is worn out. Such is not the case. The argument is like a hole, the more you use it the larger it gets. Brother Ahner says any- one that doesn’t know how to file a saw, write Disston. } I am sorry for the carpenter that has not yet learned better than to file a saw as a new saw is filed when it comes from the factory. I file with much more bevel and have yet to find the man that can cut off a board quicker with a new saw. | I readily agree with Brother Neff of St. Louis, Mo., about filing except, I think I can file better using both right and left hand. Wm. L. Fleming, L. U. No. 532 eS Apprentice Asks For Information Would some kind carpenter go into detail on the method of laying out the forms for an arch, say over a window or door on a 12” brick. wall. Although it might seem simple to the more ex- perienced mechanic, it seems quite com-— plicated to a man of lesser experience. Perhaps a few drawings showing de- tails would be helpful to a clear under- standing. . An Apprentice, L. U. No. 40 Béston, Mass. | 2) New Booklets Ready For Distribution A series of booklets illustrating and describing their product ‘‘Weatherwood”’ has been issued by the Chicago Mill and Lumber Company, under the captions: “Sound Deadening Construction,” ‘‘For Carpenters and OContractors,’’ ‘‘The House that Grew Up,’ “New Standard of Home Construction”? and ‘‘How You Can Make Your Farm More Profitable,,. Any of these booklets are available to any member of this organization upon request sent direct to the Chicago Mill and Lumber Company, 111 West Wash- ington St., Chicago, Ill. J “His life was gentle, and the elements So mixed in him, that nature might 4 stand up, And say to all the world, this was — man.” ess , : a: 3 Elmira, N. Y..
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Here it is Carpenters | A New Improved Builders Square| — A quick accurate method to square a building by using the reflection of | a mirror to establish true square angles at the time of staking off the foundation. Hang this little instrument on one foundation line at one] corner, pass the cross line underneath and the reflection in the mirror] _ will give the required angle. Give it a trial at our expense for your money will be refunded upon the return of the instrument if it does not prove A New Be to be satisfactory. It comes in Practicnl ; a handsome cowhide : leather case. Time Saver. for tke ‘Busy Builder’ Post Paid $3.25 This little instrument is made of two plate glass mirrors cemented together sales iomsiesk. sii: sluice seals Sabie, lige ‘eiape” aes tae at the back. The Bush Bros. Mfg. Co. ends are of brass heavily [ 1194 Oak St., Columbus, Ohio nickeled, thus giving it a Enclosed find $3.25 for which send me One very neat, elegant appear- New Improved Builder’s Square.. I am accept- ance. Try the experiment Pee your voluntary offer to return my money }|.— of the line under the thumb | upon my request if this instrument is not sat- and note how easily the line ! isfactory in every way. and its reflection can be brought into a straight line | Mereh each olker thts’ fore to a cay oa Ad hod ches, 1S ee ing a correct angle with the | face of the mirror |
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This COLORFUL line . . « Offers the Carpenter a widening field of profit Every Carpenter should be familiar with the J-M line of high quality Asphalt Shingles made to meet the demand for low-priced, durable roofs. HIS is an age of color. Today the owner of the moderately priced home in your community is not only interested in quality and low price when considering roofing or re-roofing, but he is equally interested in colorful shingled roofs—color that will brighten the appearance of his home and make it individual looking. Johns-Manville has realized this. J-M As- phalt Shingles meet the demand for a high quality, low cost roofing with unequalled variety of color. Selected by a commit- tee of experts, the colors in the J-M Asphalt Shingle line lead the rest of the field. Made in several blends of color of marked beauty, as well as in many bright and attractive standard col- ors, J-M Asphalt Shin- gles make it easy for you to please your pros- pect . .. and easy for your prospect to choose ‘a roof that exactly suits the architecture of his house and that suits his personal taste. Back of these attractive, colorful, rock- surfaced shingles is Johns-Manville’s half century of experience in the manufacture of roofings of all kinds. Exacting stand- One of the hundreds of homes attrac- tively and durably roofed with J-M Asphalt Shingles. ards make certain that every J-M Asphalt Shingle is first grade in all respects. They are solid, substantial, durable and fire-re- sistant. Only the best materials—pure as- phalt, heavy felts and crushed mineral are used in their manufacture. Keeping pace with the trend Already additional colors and color blends in J-M Asphalt Shingles are being put on the market. You can count upon Johns- Manville to keep its Asphalt Shingle line way out in front of all competition ‘to make its sale easy for you. Watch for the new J-M Asphalt Shingle colors. You can re-side and re-roof with J-M Asphalt Shingles _f4 | With J-M Asphalt Shin- y . gles -you can not only my, » | roof new houses, but re- roof old homes. Any size or style can be laid on new houses or over old roofs. Old roofs and side walls are quickly and easily re- newed by the simple proc- ess of applying these shin- - gles right over the old finish. For any style of architecture, for brick, stucco, clapboard, or stone homes, there is a J-M Asphalt Shingle made to harmonize in color and style. And remember when you recommend J-M Asphalt Shingles, your customer is
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cs oF 4 “J 5 “of J-M Asphalt Shi assured of high quality and you are as- sured of perfect shingles that will make your job easier. Address Johns-Manville at New York, Chicago, Cleveland, San Francisco or Toronto.for further infor-. mation. 7 different strip shingles that make your work easier eee es Giant 12'4 inch Hexagonal with 3 inch head lap Giant 12 inch Square Butt with 2 inch head lap aoe. are) Standard 12% inch Hexagonal with 3 inch head lap Standard 12'4 inch Square Butt with 4"4 inch head lap PN A Standard 1144 inch Hexagonal with 2 inch head lap Standard 10 inch Square Butt with 2 inch head lap Standard 124 Hexagonal with double coverage with 414 inch head lap . The seven types of J-M Asphalt Strip Shingles shown here all help insure a first class roof- ing job and allow you to lay a roof much quicker than would be possible with single shingles. The popular J-M Hexagonal strip is made in giant and standard weights and in three different sizes with various head laps and with notches and keys to provide automatic alignment. In addition, Johns-Manville makes a special Hexagonal Strip Shingle which gives double coverage. The J-M square butt strip type is made in giant weight with three tabs to a strip and in standard weight in two sizes with four tabs ‘to a strip. These shingles provide effects of wide or narrow individual shingles. The shoulders of all these shingles assure accurate and quick spacing. The J-M Asphalt Shingle is also made in the individual style in two sizes. The use of these shingles permits a wide choice of color effects, MW Johns-Manville ASPHALT SHINGLES RIGID ASBESTOS SHINGLES—INSULATING BOARD ‘
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—PRICE LIST— © Card ES a a re $ 10 Rolled Gold Charms (Emblem).......... 1.50 weep Caine (Label).............ccseeee. 15 Solid Gold Charms (Hmblem)........... 7.50 Fobs (Label and Emblem).............. a a ee re 5.00 Muiawela’ (Label) ..............4.sccec- 1.25 8B. A. Badges (Emblem):............... 3.00 meme) Pencils (Label) .........ccsccccses 08 . Ladies’ Aumiliary Pins... .4.... 06055... 4.28 ‘Flat Carpenter Pencils (Label)......... .04 Cuff Links, pair (Roman or White) Gold. 1.50 Rubber Tip Pencils (Label)......... Je. .05 Belt Loop and Chain, Rolled Gold........ 15 Pins (Emblem) ....... ’ eee ae WO 0s BE GK. TUR... soc ong cc civ ve tinwes AS Meee (MUIDICT) 4.2... ec ee .50 Automobile Radiator Emblem ........... 1.25 Piayeme,-ceras (Label) (no Pinochle)... 1... .0.cccctcccvvces 40c orcas In ordering these goods send all orders and make all remittances payable to FRANK DUFFY, General Secretary . Carpenters’ Building 222 East Michigan St., Indianapolis, Ind. H & A PORTABLE ELECTRIC WOODWORKING TOOLS Witt, for FREE catalog of fine heavy-duty motor-driven woodwork- ing tools—band saws, rip saws, jointers, lathes, shapers, cut-off saws. Make money for you, on the job or in the home shop. Plan Book, $1.00 Eighteen plans for practi- eal and useful things of wood, for home or yard; zood items for extra income. Send check or dollar bill. Money back if you want it. HESTON & ANDERSON 1103 Kirkwood Avenue Fairfield, lowa Send for Book: “Care of The Brotherhood. NSS THE QUICKEST NN EVER AND AS SAFE NSS ONE MILLION MEN Have Used TAINTOR POSITIVE SAW SETS Are You One Of Them? Sold By Leading Hardware Dealers Everywhere Saws,” free to members of TAINTOR MFG. Co., 95 Reade St., New York SHEATHING at? ROOFING AS THE EARTH UNDER A YOUR FEET. Send for particulars. < ~ AJAX BUILDING BRACKET CO. NN 1551 Rydal-Mount Road, Cleveland Heights, Ohio
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Another L The New American ||| HANDY SANDER Just as the American Universal and Amer- ican High Production floor sanders set the pace for 12” and 8” machines—so the Amer- ican Handy Sander—by reason of its many advanced. features and super-performance — assumes leadership in the “portable floor and bench sander” class. Comparison will prove this to you. og All that the Name Implies In every sense of the word, this machine is truly a HANDY sander. It is handily used for sanding floors in hallways, alcoves, closets, stair-landings, etc. . . it comes in handy for sanding desks, table tops, cabinets, sash, doors, §, 7 trim,etce. . . itis handy to get at the sanding Light Socket Operation drum to change paper. ... it is easily carried anywhere in one hand . . . the switch is handily located for the convenience of the operator. . . in fact, it is such a handy utility that ANY Carpenter cannot afford to be without it. PRODUCTION GUARANTEE The American Handy Sander is guaranteed to sand to a finished surface without waves or chatter marks more square feet of floor area an _ hour than any machine on the market of similar size and. type. A Wise Investment This sander quickly pays for itself, and then easily makes bigger profits for you. Build up a floor sanding business of your Own ... no experience , ~ om Sands Table Tops, needed, and only small capital. Desks, Cabinets, ete. Mail the coupon NOW for de- tails. enlleeniieeetionst tention tetas te Giban iiblp. hhcous coal Sea The AMERICAN F LOOR | The American Floor Surfacing Machine Co. 522 South St. Clair St., Dept. C, Toledo, Ohio SURF ACING MACHINE C0 | Gentlemen :—Kindly send me, without obli- ; % gation, complete information regarding your | 522 South St. Clair St., Toledo, Ohio American Handy Sander. Factory branches and representatives POUT i Bn fod ithe s pid Minn ase 6 ee in principal cities Sepeet. ks A es OE ieee . United States—Canada—Overseas | : oS a ER fuse State........ ;
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SN OARS SA WARANRAN SX FBR ON S ANTHONY P. SHEBEL, 322 $1.00 With 7 Blades Contractor Learn how to estimate, how to plan buildings so as to make money on them, learn all about remodeling problems and how to bid on any job. All these facts and thousands more are set forth clearly in a remarkably interesting way in these five brand new books -covering all phases of Architecture, Carpentry and Building. These books are complete and the new JIFFY INDEX makes it possible to find anything you want to know in a second ALL SHIPPED FREE The best part of our great introductory offer is that you don’t send us a cent—just your name and address and we ship all of these books to you for ten days free ex- amination. Look them over carefully, see how easy it is to find out the things you want to know, leam all you want to from them and then decide whether or not you want to keep them. The price and terms are so low that any carpenter will want these money-making books and should have them on hand for ready reference. If you send now on this free examination offer, we_ will include absolutely free a big 120 page book ‘‘Blue Print Reading,’’ this book is invaluable to any carpenter, THIS BOOK IS IN ADDITION TO THE FIVE BIG BOOKS. American Technical. Society, Dept. G-336 Drexel at 58th St., Chicago, Il. : You may ship the five big books on Architecture, Carpen- try and Building, include the book on blue print reading. If I am fully satisfied after 10 days examination I will send you $2, after that only $3 a month until the total special cut price of only $19.80 (former price $24.80) is paid. a am not obligated in any way unless I decide to keep ee ee ee ee ee ee er re eee ESOL LE TE ER TE " i a eee “INDESTRUCTO” CARPENTER’S TOOL CASES Here is the case you want. three-ply Basswood Veneer, Canvas covered, Painted and Varnished. It is Water-proof and practically ‘Indestructible’. partments for all tools. Carried like a Suitcase. Direct from maker to you. Send for No. 4 Booklet and priccs. 128 W. Jefferson OPEN TOP CARPENTERS CASE Sheet aluminum covered chest which is a com- bination of good looks, strength and durability. Size 32x1514x7, $10.00 Delivered Waterstons Reed St., Demand the Best The F. P.M. SAWS AND BLADES The Saw of Superior Quality with a National Reputation. Manu- factured by a member of U. B. of C. & J. of A. No. 1. If your dealer does not handle, write direct to me. FP. 3722 N. Ashland Ave. Light, Strong and Handy. Built of Separate com- WEDELL & BOERS Detroit, Mich. Send for complete catalogue of tools 428 Woodward Ave, Detroit, Mich. Produces a Perfect Saw ENJOY YOUR SAWING AND FILING Save time and sight too. Send for details MILWAUKEE, WIS. CARPENTERS Genuine P. MAXSON, Sole Manufacturer CHICAGO, ILL. Set Saws Just Right ‘Saw Points’’ Telling You ‘“‘How To Joint, Set, And File Saws.’’ Sent Free Upon Request. CHAS. MORRILL, Inc. 96 Lafayette St. New York. FREE! TO YOU with our Compliments A 52 page pocket manual full of valuable informa- tion for everyone who uses a level. Tells how to adjust the Level How toread the Vernier How to use the Level Extremely helpful no matter what type of instrument you use. Pin this coupon to your letterhead and mail TODAY. WARREN-KNIGHT CO. 136 N. {2th St., Phila. Pa. Send new FREE 52-page Instruc- tion Book K-48 and information on “Sterling’’ Convertible Wye Level. ee Re ee ee eee Bee eee wee eee eee ewe eee eee oe eee Se ee ee eee eee eee me eee ete eee eee ee eee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee
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ROCKWALL [earery saw GYPSUM WALL BOARD Every as Should Have One BALL BEARING Easy to operate Saw Arbor 34” Dia. Easy to own Cuts 214" Thick Table Top 18"x 14’ Rip 12" Wide Raises andlowers Cross-cuts any width on a level. Bevel Rips to 45° Not a toy - - but a real practical bench saw for builders, carpenters, cabinet makers - - everyone working with wood. Put this —>AMO AMG! L — Bas . . _ machine on your bench - - give ita thor- Rockwall is the trouble-proof gypsum wall ough tryout - - compare it with others, board—the carpenters’ favorite. Double Don’t buy any machine until you’ve read ae : our FREE descriptive folder on Benc strength, nailing edge covered and rein- Saws, Band Saws, Lathes, Jointers, etc, etc. S N O W EASY TERMS IF DESIRED "% SS Oe ae DD cep cee ae EE AO ED ED GD EE Be Oe ee ee OE ee ee ee oe ee oe ae ee SAFE TOOL MEG. CO., Bridgeport, Pa. forced. Both sides of the board finished ex- iY actly alike—ne markings to mar the looks of the job. Nail Rockwall either side out. Ask your dealer. Please send me full information about your @ woodworking machines with prices, etc. ATLANTIC GYPSUM PONG ccniticn cs Rie ai “ PRODUCTS COMPANY A ee ee” ie! New York - Boston Philadelphia No. 1E USE AN EMPIRE LEVEL rorreno Aluminum Level. ’ This new 9” fe $£65 for better workmanship. Its carefully ground Aluminum | 24”— 6° edges and interchangeable vial case unit con- is agers ' $700 tribute to extreme accuracy. The uniformly level and 45 j 26” — | crowned vials with their clear cut permanent ee " $739 marks is but one feature of this remarkable lev- tom. Handy 28°— J — el. Ask your hardware dealer to show you this AAS rn 30” 9] level so you can appreciate its better quality. $1.25 POST PAID _—— EMPIRE LEVEL MFG. CO., MILWAUKEE, WIS. MR. BUILDER— Has your Dealer shown you the new NATIONAL 12” GIANT TAPESTRY Asphalt Shingles? These Shingles are built of super-quality jumbo weight felt, in the 37%” easier to lay size. Use NATIONAL 12” GIANT TAPESTRY Asphalt Shingles and you will — 1. Sell your house with less effort. 2. Sell it for more money than had you used other Asphalt Shingles. THE NATIONAL ASBESTOS MANUFACTURING COMPANY C 163-193 Henderson Street Jersey City, N. J. Send me booklet “Beautiful NATIONAL Roofs”. aa I usually buy my Shingles from DUAR on « « sittin ses ae oe », Serle TN ee ‘edhis BT. a, 0 0.0 S:0 Sinus ace sunrese » et estes
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Motor Westinghouse Universal type for alternating or di- rect current. Housing Die cast alumi- num, Speed No load 4000 R_ P. M. Chuck All steel with three hardened jaws holding 0 to 4” round shanks. PAT. PENDING Another triumph in the electric tool field! Closely - following the introduction of its very successful No. 1051 drill, Goodell-Pratt now offers the car- penter trade its No. 1052 high speed drill which sells for only $25. Switch Latest toggle type switch instantly controlled with the thumb. ' Handle Pistol grip, posi- tively .air cooled. Ribbed to give a For day after day service, the new Goodell-Pratt ‘No. 1052 drill is in a class by itself. Full ball bearing spin- dle insures freedom from time wasting repairs. Capacity %” in wood and 4” in non-ferrous metals. Because si ats of its light weight the No. 1052 Weight is specially adapted for the wood working Only 44. Ibs. field. MAST FE HR Inside Measurements—any kind INTERLOX from 8 inches yp, by direct S i 4 D> E reading. No guesswork, Fast : results. Always accurate, also R 8 L a the best for Outside Measure. Slides out—does not fold, A FOOT $ yoo Locks while in use. Made of SIZE e- finest box wood. 6 foot Rule $1.20 r 8 foot Rule $1.60 If not carried by your dealer SAWING -EOQHORI EH RO, 1 Ses Postage Paid. order direct. Powerful - Durable -Safe MASTER RULE MFG. CO., 819 E. 136th St., N. Y.C. THREE corks SEVEN MODS Write for circular of complete line. Sold on Approval ASK US ABOUT IT NOW [A PPAT ite, Hebhdaad dns: VINCORPORATED _ Pittsburgh, Pa. Division of Simonds Saw and Steel Company INVESTIGATE The Worlds Best TRANSIT-LEVEL Fully Equipped and Guaranteed Free Trial Low Cost Terms Geier & Bluhm Inc. ai Neo Soe i i ies tom So ge oe Lae. 1 Me epee mah mim mas 072 River St. Troy, N. Y.
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ONLY ONE MOVING PART af ga > ‘ The Reid-Way The Motor itself is Wwhiriwina may the sanding drum pe used as a thus applying every bench sander, ounce of power to _ jointer, or floor the work. No belts, chains surfacer, or gears to cause friction losses and to wear out. The Reid-Way Whirlwind Sander is fast-cutting and accurate. Exclusive Reid-Way dust control. Completely enclosed for safety. Plugs in any light socket. Descriptive circu- lar sent on request. The Reid-Way Co. 2974 + First Avenue Cedar Rapids, lowa Cuts sand- ing costs on all classes of work, CLEAR PROFIT on each average size home is what thousands of carpenters are making by installing ALLMETAL Weatherstrip. That’s certainly good wages for only two days’ work. Old Homes, New ‘Homes, Remodeled Homes everywhere need the protection afforded by ALLMETAL Weatherstrip. Just think of the op- portunities you have to profit by this demand. Weatherstrip work is easy—no special training is required. You can do it in your spare time or as a steady occupation. Why not invest your time in MAKING REAL MONEY. LET US TELL YOU HOw. eee i ALLMETAL WEATHERSTRIP CoO., 227 West Illinois St., Chicago, Il. Gentlemen: Send literature and samples. | ne eee ee ] ] ] Address Pe Pwk erence tee eee e eee ee | | city ees — eel eS Ge eee ee ee, ee eee ee ee ee i | DeWalt Produc Ste, Lancaster, Saves your back ... increases your skill Why spend one-third of your day on profitless, back-breaking hand sawing? The DeWalt does all the hard sawing jobs and en- ables you to make the most of your skilled experience ... to do the kind of work you like to do. Thousands of carpenters think the DeWalt is a great machine. You will, too. Get full particulars. DEWALT Wonder Worker The Economy Wood Worker DeWalt-Wodack Electric Hand Saw-—speedy, accurate, power- ful. Three sizes 254 to 4% ins. ion ts Corporath ‘Penna. 120 Fountain Please send Also t ooeer' --0"* -—--* aos0o"? gaennauet™ oo<***"* oooe* «--* -<--*" ad acer? Pecans) a rr rr es eS ~sooee** eoosvcees* eecoees** eooerer* «eee? oe o<+0** Pe as oma -<---* -- eccoeees?
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i Rin slovea by eeeetceeeeeeeeeeee 3-T-58 ALUMINUM General Purpose (go lb.) Floor Sander Latest Model (| Built for GREAT SPEED and HIGHEST QUALITY ; of work. No vibrations—no dust—no chains—no belts. Roller sands even with wall on either side of machine. 9” long roller 13, HP AC&DC motor. Write for price WAYVELE CHAPPELL & CO. 38 Jackson St., Dept. W, Waukegan, III. METAL Made of Zinc, WEATHER Copper, Bronze STRIPS and Brass We carry a complete stock of Plain Rib, Corrugated and Double Rib, Brass Saddles, Thresholds, Brass \Auoas| Avoca laine “AUDELS A (AM Hac Rs Channel Water-Bar, Spring Bronze, ane al tet Waythics: Dust Plates. We also sell the Tools fy cise | PBicuge VON ot for the complete installation. Send 4 enue aaa for Price List. Sais faa =| edSehclh \pereatag dh 7 Accurate Metal Weather Strip Co. FIQINER t PECIpICATION) LAYING OUN): | MILE WAG Foe ; iS we ae gal 310 East 26th St. New York City | AUDELS ¢ CARPENTERS. FOR PERMANENT & BUILDERS GUIDES QUALITY REPAIR~ Every Carpenter, Builder, Woodworker, Mechanic and ap- AT HARDWARE prentice should own these guides. AND PAINT STORES These books answer hard ques- tions and explain easy methods of doing better work. Easy to read and understand. G Fully illustrated with 3700 diagramsandpictures show- ing modern working methods and plans. A complete home-study course for the apprentice; a quick, ready-reference for the journey- man. (1600 pages, 4 volumes, flex- ible binding, gold edges, pocketsize. ) TRADE INFORMATION Every job covered —valuable,up-to-date informa- tion on: — How to Use The Steel Square, Care of Tools, Saw Filing, Joinery Work, How to Calculate and Draw, House Fram- ing, Stairs, How to Make Furniture,Lay out work and Foundations, Interior Trim, Outside Work. Roofing, How to Painte= with thousands of new short cuts and good ideas. » SHIPPED FREE ~~ Not a cent to pay until you see the Guides. No | | obligation to buy unless you are satisfied. Fill in coupon in pencil. Send now—today—get this great help Jibrarv for carpenters ¢ and. builders. i on OO le | ae FREE B Theo. Audel & Co. 65W.2 23St, NewYork | Send me AUDELS CARPENTERS EXAMINATION. ane Pee ten GUIDES. 4 ae? ers or jree Vaatirge sag” COUPON satisfactory, I will send you $1 in 7 days, then $1 monthly until $6 is paid. PLASTIC WOOD [Reg. U.S. Pat. Off.] Handles Like Putty DIGMG cvcccce eo Z Ce ee ee Or soil Hardens Into Wood SING 4. . GS aeriin piavkiecds dd es ceee ‘ip Addison-Leslie Co. 612 Bolivar St., Canton, Mass.
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You need a HUTHER Dado head Developed from our own patents, this adjustable groover cuts either with or across the grain. Cutters may be used singly, in pairs or in any combination necessary for de- sired cut. _ Send for one on approval. It may be returned at our ex- RS pense if unsatisfac- tory. Huther Bros. Saw Mfg. Co. Rochester, N. Y. Makers of Better Saws for More than Fifty Years Thats the Rule 7 want Tie FARRAND RAPID RULE The Original Flexible --- Rigid Concave Rule The most remarkable, practical invention in years. FARRAND rules are still giving ser- vice after three years of constant use. Three models are now produced, priced at $5.00, $3.75, and $3.00. Ask your dealer to demonstrate, or write to factory for six-inch sample of rule strip. Manufactured by HIRAM H. FARRAND, Inc., Berlin, N. H. Where there was PORT((-(ABLE ON SMALL aes ; Savings In OURO [3 work--because the SUPER TAKE-ABOUT Sander with its electrically driven _ Sanding belt, does all the hard sand- ing, planing and scraping jobs--you merely guide it. You can make big sav- ings in finishing stairs, edges of floors, tables, sash, trim, screens, etc. —and be sure of a 100% sanding job— the kind that means more business for you. Let us show you why thousands of carpen- ters and contractors . are profiting with the hand sanding, SUPER TAKE- Now there’s a ABOUT. Also, ask ns about the Speedmatic TAKE-ABOUT — «g” Foor Surfacer. PORTER-CABLE MACHINE Co. 1700 No. Salina St., Syracuse, N. Y. G 3595 Start In NOW- You’re going to have your own floor surfacing business sooner or later for these reasons:— You want more money! You want to be your own boss. Why don’t you start in NOW —with the Improved Schlueter Best of All — Entirely automatic, with no weights or ley- ers to tire you, BIG and powerful, yet easy to operate and move about, the Improved SCHLUETER is by all odds the best of all floor surfacers. Write for Hasy Payment Plan and FREE Trial Offer. 7 LINCOLN~SCHLUETER FLOOR-MACHINERY Ca, ING. 230 West Grand Ave., (Dept. C3), Chicago, II. Lincoln-Schlueter Fir. Mach. Co. 230 W. Grand Ave., (Dept. C3), Chicago, III. Gentlemen: Send me your Im- proved Schlueter Easy Payment Plan and FREE Trial Offer.
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LOWER BIDS— More Profit ... for 1930 The Compact combination Woodworker $290 complete with motor Underbid your competi- tors and you'll still show a bigger profit on every job if you modernize your shop With this. great little PARKS Money-maker. Accurate reliable efficient cost- cutting—a few of the many reasons why you need this PARKS Cabinet Shop Spec- ial to increase your business and profits for 1930. Priced so low that even the smallest shop can afford it. Mail in this coupon, today, for com- plete descriptive catalog. ‘Parks Woodworking Machine Co., Dept. C-3, 1528 Knowlton St., Cincinnati, O. ON I era ee ee Co ae OTe a ee Tee of Mache... ...ccpeccecesss aes SINCE 1887 ON = WOODWORKING MACHINES Guaranteed for 10 years. Built in accuracy that is imi- tated but never duplicated. Demand genuine Sand’s Lev- els at these attractive prices. Wood ., , S825 Also made 26”, 28” and 30” lengths. 1 Plumb, 1 Level, Oval Top Sight, Pro- tected Glasses. Can also be furnished with brass ends. No. 678 — 24” Level : ; Sold by all good hardware dealers, or sent direct, postpaid, on receipt of price. Complete catalog on request. SAND’S LEVEL & TOOL CO. DETROIT, MICH., U. S. A. SAND’S LEVELS TELL THE TRUTH “BAYONNE” ROOF AND DECK CLOTH | REG. U. S. PAT. OFF. Is a Guaranteed Waterproof READY TO LAY ROOFING CANVAS That does: not require a White Lead. bedding and will not Crack or Buckle or Peel Laid on dry boards and given a coat of paint and the job is done. Send for Sample Book T John Boyle & Co., Inc. 112-114 Duane St., NEW YORK Branch, 1317-1319 Pine St., ST. LOUIS
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Nicholson File Co. £4 — “X"Marks the Jaden - Nail It is an imaginary “X” in real life and the carpen- ter must take his chance on the hidden nail. The least—or, rather, the most he can do is to keep a Nicholson or Black Diamond Slim Taper on hand. It will give him a sure sharp method of re- pairing the damage that may be done by the hid- den nail. For sustained speed in any kind of filing you can bank on genuine Nicholson and Black Diamond Files. At your hard- ware or mill supply dealer’s. NICHOLSON FILE CO. Providence, R. 1., U.S.A. ROL So, ene Ati, Usa — - . ° . (TRADE MARK) Providence Factory Philadelphia Factory G. & H. Barnett Co. May i, fi ti, hi hn, hr i, Li hr, Lr i, Ln, hii LS EER EN IS NOTES DER, This Free Book Will Make Friends for You ; Pe : SHINGLE Roor Construction This is one of the pictures in our. new Free Book on Cabot’s Quilt. This. book tells the whole truth about insulation, and it is a valuable book to show to customers who want to build warm houses and save 10 to 30% in furnaces and fuel ‘abot’s uilt Send the coupon below for our new Free Book on Cabot’s Quilt. Send in this Coupon Today | out Lofee 141 Mi LK St., Bos7 “\ OT., BOst Please ? ON, Mass, Send me “- ° Vvour f ui 7 ld Warm Houses.” ree book, Perrecces ee oP Oeste ee coe ESS PPeeccces ®eeecee
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A MILLION NEW PROSPECTS PER YEAR Sey , " a Pell. ‘Qvg,. Sor Con... loo, in, “lic ie a 4 Makes Pe, have tbe ~ emit hou, eee ha netings, they Will aly, ang for Ore,- w, “ee ag. *yy tein att aot Pa ° the ong OF egg Cur This advertisement appears in full colors in House and Garden and House Beautiful. Also in black and white in Better Homes and Gardens, Ladies’ Home Journal and Small Home. ' A MILLION young couples get married each year and set up homes. Some rent, some build, some buy. . . . Oak Flooring advertising is educating this annual crop of new home own- ers to the value of oak floors as an index of sound building. And it likewise is keeping fresh the prestige of oak with all the millions of others who are buying new homes and remod- eling old ones. This kind of advertising helps you sell houses. . ... better houses that afford more profit to you and more value to your cus- tomers. Follow the advertising. Use it. The Oak Flooring Manufacturers Association of the U. S. maintains a technical staff that is al- ways ready to serve you. Oak Flooring Manu- facturers Association of the U. 8., 1251 Build- ers’ Bldg., Chicago. ae 7 THIS MASTER TRADE-MARK is stamped on the under side of all Oak Flooring produced by members of the Oak Flooring Manufactur- ers Association of the United States. It is complete protection for you. Every piece is air-seasoned and kiln-dried, then milled, F thoroughly inspected and accurately graded, | insuring uniformly high quality.
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i oF ER Liners, freighters, yachts — all of them have to undergo seascnal overhauling. They are like new when they come out —sides shine with new paint — inside and out they are sound and ready to take on another season on the high seas. In this overhauling work, there are a multitude of uses for screws. Ex- perienced shipbuilders select Amer- ican Screws for these jobs because they can trust them. They know that the strong bodies of Amer- ican Screws will stand up under automatic driving; that they will hold fast in spite of unusual wear. Specify American Srews Send for our chart showing types 5 : and sizes of American Screws. MACHINE SCREWS WOOD SCREWS STOVE THRE BOLTS BOLTS AMERICAN SCREW CO PROVIDENCE,R.I.,U.S.A. WESTERN DEPOT,225 WEST RANDOLPH ST..CHICAGO.ILL. Put lt Together With Screws LeatherGrip and Comfort Guaranteed Unbreakable A MARKED MEN-- Using the Estwing hammer with its distinctive appearance marks its owner as a Master Craftsman. Estwing Mfg. Co. Rockford - - - - Illinois - Show this to your dealer, he will be pleased to serve i you. Or send money with order; inclose 15c extra for : eachtool ordered, which pays postage; or pay mailman. : ‘ East of the Rockies » OC Curved Claw Hammer,120z.Head - - $2.00 , O = “ “ 160z * - « 2.00 ? «x “4 “ 200z. * eo @ -2.25 1 O Ripping “ “; 10m “ « « 2 , O +s * 16 0z.. ‘ - = 2.00 7 O big as (ieee, * 5 oe o«. 2.25 , O Half Hatchet No. 2, Smooth Face = © 2.25 } GC Util-axe 280z. with Leather Sheath - 2.25 7 O Scout Axe, 240z. ‘*: oe 7. -. 2.25 , GC Camp Knife oe ee ‘S$. .2 «+ 2a ; O Ball Pein Hammer, 16 oz. Head - = 1.75 i Scored faced Hammers and Half-Hatchet 25c extra
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Strongest Adhesive Known Send for sample CASCO has many advantages over , : ready mixed liquid glue or bulk - glue. It glues practically every- thing, wood to wood, metal, glass, : cardboard, leather or. paper ‘ and glues it permanently. No waste. One pound of the dry powder makes 1% quarts of liquid glue. And it’s ali glue—high powered—wide-spreading. No heating. Mix it in cold water and use it cold. No odor. ‘The unpleasant reek of ‘‘cook- ing glue” is gone when you use Casco. It’s clean and convenient to use. Strength. A Casco-glued, joint is stronger than the wood itself. Waterproof.. Veneered doors, hollow jointed columns or any exterior wood- work can now be safely and permanently glued. Inside or outside jobs will stand up in any climate. ; Endorsed. Leading aeroplane and wood- working industries have for years put the seal of their approval on Casco. Convenience. Now Casco is available to you in 4, 1, 5, 10 and 25 lb. packages. Try it on your next gluing job. Fill out completely the coupon below— one test will convince you that Casco is the most practical, durable, convenient, and inexpensive glue you have ever used. The Casein Manufacturing Company ; of America, Inc. 15 Park Row New York SDECIALINTRODUCTORY TRIAL OFFER The Casein Mfg. Co., of America, Inc. 15 Park Row, New York | Enclosed find 25c (stamps only) to cover postage and handling cost for which send me your trial package of Casco Glue. OE ES EEE a SN 5 ANAT. 6. 5s. 0 a Hardware, Paint or Lumber Dealer’s Name ( Please include) einen. oad GOO CHAMPION — HANDY VISE The Lightweight Champion With Heavyweight Performance hardware - dearer —or itlustration order one-fourth : actual size direct Endorsed by 75,000 Carpenters “The handiest tool I know.” “Good for forty different pur- poses—I wouldn't be without it.” Saves time, effort and money. Weighs less than five pounds and is easily carried in a carpenter’s kit. Will fasten to anything from % to 2% inches thick. Enables you to take your work bench wherever your work callsyou. Just the thing for sash or doors. Efficient for stair work, sawing bevels and mitres. Order from your | hardware dealer or ~° send us his name and $3.50 ($3.75 west of Mississippi River and Canada) and a vise will be sent prepaid. Freeillustrated folder uponrequest. Identify by red spot behind name Champion Fully patented and made only by the CHAMPION HARDWARE CO. GENEVA, OHIO Forty-five. years of service to Carpenters.
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SILVER : STEEL MR. HAPPY MAN SAYS: “You can tell an Atkins Saw, the way it CUTS, ) FAST, FREE and EASY . IT PAYS TO BUY ATKINS SAWS. See a ae The reason why ATKINS SAWS are favorites with saw users is because of their two-way taper. grinding, their N excellent material (SILVER STEEL), |e their hard, tough filing temper and JRC" CoS > the high degree of PERSONAL AT- \ | TENTION given to the execution of ~ ‘ each order. 5 \E Each executive, foreman, and work- | man is an expert at his job, with an |< “ ambition to produce the finest and \C RINSSS best saws in the world. Thousands Jj of ATKINS customers say that ATKINS SAWS are the BEST VALUE FOR ONH’S MONHY All good contractors, carpenters and } mechanics who love fine tools, enclose 25c for nail apron, useful souvenir and Saw Sense Book. E. C. ATKINS & CO. ESTABLISHED 1857 THE SILVER STEEL SAW PEOPLE Home office amd Factory, INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA Canadian Factory, Hamilton, Ontario Machine Knife Factory, Lancaster, N. Y. Branches Carrying Complete Stocks in the Following Cities: \ S Atlanta New Orleans San Francisco EAN Wa Chicago New York City Seattle Wa \N Memphis Portland, Ore. Paris, France \ WN Vancouver, B. C. | X WSS Us
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Sheathe with Gyplap for frame, stucco or brick Good workmanship needs_ Every sheet is true and uni- good materials—and you'll form—no knots or splinters. never find a better sheathing It is fireproof. than Gyplap. It takes the Patented, interlocking place of both wood sheathing edges provide a wind-tight and building paper. Handles and vermin-proof barrier. easily and assures resultsno Thelarge units stoutly brace other sheathing material can the framework. provide. Gyplap goes up easily. Less Gyplap is half-inch- ~ nailing is required and thick sheet gypsum, 24 US each unit covers a large a Pe re inches wide and 8 feet area. It cuts and nails long, cased in heavy like lumber. Write for moisture-proof fiber. complete information. UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPANY . Department 4E General Offices: 300 W. Adams St., Chicago, I1l. Sole Distributors for Canada: Canadian Gypsum Co., Limited, 601-2 Commerce and Transportation Bldg. Toronto, Ontario GY PLA Psuearmne A PRODUCT OF UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPANY