The Carpenter (October, 1929)
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Published monthly by the United Brotherhood of Car- penters and Joiners’. of America, at 222 E. Mich- igan St., Indianapolis, Ind. One Dollar per year. En- tered as second-class mat- ter, July 22, 1915, at the Post Office of Indianapolis, Ind., under Act of Congress, Aug. 24, 1912. Acceptance for maifing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1108, Act of Oc- tober 3, 1917, authorized on July 8, 1918. Volume XLIX No. 10 Heat ! 1 ———j[ = ——2J) 4 — $$. \\\ ==} =\\ WN \Y | ! . } : E \ Exe Sie ——— ~ ~—S= : > : ae SSS et ~ hati} ih | \vd \ WAAL NIWA \ MMA)
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There’s nothing better than New Im- proved Sheetrock for alterations and repairs. Look for the new marking on the back of each panel. The quick- working features of this highly finished product mean more profits and satisfied customers. The new, ivory-colored Sheetrock surface is tough. It resists scuffing and abrasion. It is ready for all types of decoration. All paints spread farther. Decorating costs are reduced. An improved gypsum core, in com- bination with the tough covering, gives This new marking means protit an satistaction New Improved Sheetrock added strength | and flexibility. Nailing edges are square and uniformly thick. Board ends are more cleanly cut and the exposed core is specially hard- ened. Edges join accurately, providing smooth, even surfaces. UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPANY Department 4A General Offices: 300 W. Adams St., Chicago, Ill. Sole Distributors for Canada: Canadian Gypsum Company, Limited Hillyard Street, Hamilton, Ont. SHEETROC K (Reg. U.S. Patent Office) THE FIREPROOF WALLBOARD — MADE ONLY BY THE UNITED STATES GYPSUM ‘COMPANY | weer ee _ ~ ates
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Py, 3 : : é 4 a a wee ae oe eee, eee Let other Carpenters Tell about FL ORKRAFTSMANSHIP and how they make $500 to $700 a month in this New Profession Handle is removable for Close Work in Small Closets. Over 1600 readers of this mag- azine are in FlorKraftsman- ship today. Let them tell you what they earn, how easy and pleasant this year round high pay work is,—why floor sur- facing is so amazingly changed from the old laborious system to the new Clarke Vacuum Portable Sander method. What they Say Read what a few of these men now in FlorKraftsmanship say. Then think what it would mean to you to be your own boss in a business like this that pays $25 to $75 a day: I bought a Clarke Sander some two weeks ago. Like it fine. Have done over $200.00 worth of work with it already. J. M. Frazier, California. I have tried my little ‘‘Gem’’ out and I certainly think it is a dandy. I have tried it on most all kind of floors and it is a go-getter. J. G. Jones, Tenn. I am pleased with the machine and am getting good resuits both on new and old floors, and also removing varnish. M. M. Cahill, Conn. Sander is’ working fine although we used it an awful lot. But it done one job that gave it quite a test. That was sanding a 3owling Alley that had 16 coats of shellac on it, and it sure took it off. Campbell & Pfeil, Ind. The machine I bought from you is a. wonder, and am getting more work than I can do. Louis Glommen, Mich. I sure like my machine and am getting along fine and turn- ing out some pretty good work with it. R. H. Doxstater, N. D. Sanding Methods Revolutionized If you’re thinking of floor surfacing in terms of the old heavy, special-power-line sanders, it’s time to scrap your ideas and get an utterly new conceptiqn of electric floor sanding. Once it took a truck to cart a sander to the job. Now you take the 3l-pound Clarke Vacuum Portable Sander in one hand and put it into your car, take it on the street: car or even walk to the job with it. No transportation cost at all! Then you needed a special power line. Now you hook your Clarke on any light socket. The Clarke gets into the closets, sands the staircase and and goes so close to the walls the quarter round practically covers what’s left! Surfaces 900 to 2200 sq. New Floor Per Day. ft. of VS, Pt | i ee ee City y. NED 5 6055.5 Vee e > a ee 5 25S Angie dala ke cet A oe are Especially Handy on Stair- way Work, And speed! 900 to 2200 square feet in 8 hours on new floor. 300 to 800 square feet on old varnished floor without using neutralizer or varnish remover. The pay is 3 to 5 cents a square foot for new floor and 7 to 15 cents per square foot on old varnished floor. That’s $25 to over $100 a day! Learn the new facts about Florlkraftsman- ship. Send in the free coupon printed here and find out the whole money mak- ing story. Another 1,000 carpenter Flor- Kraftsmen are needed. Be one of them. Get started by mailing the coupon, Not a bit of cost or obligation to you. Clarke Sanding Machine Co. Dept. C-310, 3817 Cortland St., Chicago, III. Originators and, for over 12 years, Manufacturers of Portable Sanding Machines. Clarke Sanding ete Co., C-310, sei7, "Cuctiaea St. Chicago, . Ill. Pease send me ail the facts on the Clarke Vacuum Portable Sander —no obligation to me,
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Personal Message - -My Guarantee FREE replacement that the One Piece Head & Handle, and Hollow Grip will never break, loosen or fly off. And a 60-Day Trial— to prove that the Edge, Face and Claw are perfect. Full adjustment from the factory of all fair claims at any time. Df Mie a yal. ity oh Leather Washers on Steel Handle GAIN I heartily thank you Union Carpenters for your increasing use of the Estwing ‘‘unbreakable”. Tools and for endorsing them to others and to your hardware dealers. Also for the many letters from my fellow workmen, and for your practical suggestions which have helped to per- fect these tools until they are now, as you know, the best in looks, feel, service and value, and truly marks their owners as master craftsmen. Let mre quote from a few of these letters: “T have used your hammers 3 years and will use no other, lots of carpenters have tried mine and like it.” H. C. Larson, Seattle, Wash. It meets the ap- “Yours is the best balanced hammer I ever used. proval of all who try it.” P. H. Viaille, Levelland, Tex. “T have used all kinds of hammers 45 years, but yours takes the cream. All others who see and try it say the same.” Thomas Halsall, St. John, N. B., Can. ‘‘We have sold your tools for several years. They have given per- fect satisfaction, and the volume is increasing. Shildneck Bros., Hdw., Salem, Nebr. nn nent ESTWING MFG. CO. ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS ore wees I Show this to your your dealer, he will be pleased toserve you. Or send money with or- der; inclose 15c. extra for each tool ordered, which pays postage; orpay mailman. a | i East of Rockies | I (4 + Curved. Claw Hammer, .12:367. lead. 3:2! 20 oo a ee ee $2.00 I Gor <8 “ * TGR i a ae ee ee ee ares 2.00 ents . es O9-Se 05 ee a ae aes 2.25 H [] Ripping ‘‘ c TDi SA 8 ee ee ed ee eee 2.00 I Ss gee ee 58 EB ie Se ea PR ee oS es 2.00 | SF pets “ ‘€ p= ed Oe a a ea a a Se 2.25 i I 7 . Siede eatchets:No; Bt ee a i a ee ee 2.25 | ff] - Util-Axe -28, oz.. with Leather-Sheath._. 1-65 es ee [ ( Scout Axe 2402.“ cei ges MER Spat am sees FABLES. “2.25 | [] Camp Knife es 42% ‘s San ded be cee Ra ee i Tt Ball Picn «Hammer, — 16 0s. Head -.....-... __....... j Scored faced Hammers and Half-Hatchet 25c extra. . i
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Ey Pees ere ee . OR ees Fr Piss . = }- Sant ime s- ee ‘ - ~ « ae at > Oy i. Fe. 5 7 = * : 1am E : We aS ‘ —s t. # Sr = te Nie 8 ‘ ™ ages a ng * 3 of 2 > = = > ~ Lino tt ¥ Voe PATENTED WEATHER STRIPS ARPENTERS all over the country are making good extra money installing NuMETAL WEATHER Srrips—the most modern and practical type of perma- nent weather strips. You can do it, too. Every home, office or public building on which you work is a prospect. Every NUMETAL job you get makes Installed by you a good profit. NuMETAL is easily installed on old Yourself or or new buildings. No special tools needed. Your Carpenter We advertise NuMETAL to building owners and our literature shows you how to make the sale. Leading We always recommend to hardware, lumber and building supply dealers stock om See pod gots Age NuMETAL. You need no investment in material. Get METAL installed by a NuMETAL from our dealers as needed. ood carpenter, The above : . . evans ae wording ap- NUMETAL is never sold in coils. Its high temper pears in our advertising to does not permit coiling. NUMETAL gives permanent prospective users, satisfaction. After installing you don’t have to go back to a job to make adjustments or repairs. - el ee ee on eee 8 nT oy MAcCKLANBURG-DuUNCAN Co., Oklahoma City, Okla. Please send FREE booklet and full details of your proposition to carpenters. C-7 5 OT, , eR CS RO: See CI OW MeN OPO CL AE BASE G8 giorno gusta cleaicadiae’
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_ Now.Mithout Cost Or Obligation, Investigate Chicago Tech’ Way to BIGGER PAY! Carpenters! Here’s A Liberal Offer é If Ever There Was One. By Acting At Once, Every Ambitious Car- penter In America Who Wants To Win Quick Promotion And Run Big Building Jobs May Now Secure A Valuable Book And Real Blue Prints, Together With Full Details About A Wonderful New Method Of Training That Shows You How To Read Plans And Qualify For Leadership In Building. Send No Money. Simply Fill In And Mail The Coupon Below—wWithout Obligation! Big Demand For Men Who Can Read Blue Prints ‘ IGHT now there is an urgent need for practical men with actual build- ing experience who know how to read plans and who are able to lay out and run jobs. This amazing book that is now offered to you free will show you how you can, in surprisingly short time, qualify for high-grade positions that only men with a knowledge of plan reading can fill. It tells you how you can, in your spare time, right in your own home, put yourself on the ‘“‘Sheadwork”’ side of Build- ing and fit yourself for the kind of earn- ings you want. Easy Practical Training . Mastered In A Few Short Weeks Chicago Tech’s Blue Print Method is entirely different from ordinary school- ing. You’ll be surprised and delighted at the ease with which you will master every basic principle of plan reading and other fundamental knowledge, this fascinating blue print way. Age does not matter; no previous school training required. There are no text books to read—no useless theory to master. Instead you are given actual working blue prints to examine -and keep. Twenty famous experts go over these architects’ plans with you step by step, explaining everything in plain, every- day language you can grasp easily. No wonder builders everywhere proclaim this to be the most practical and the easiest training they have ever seen. Brings Quick Promotion Only a few short weeks of this practical instruction while you are still on the job earning while you learn, and you are ready to accept one of the many fine jobs open only to trained builders. See what this marvelous training has done for others just like you! Baker, Ohio, made $8,300 clear nndat in three months as a contractor in busi- ness for himself. Depke, Rhode Island, increased his salary 700% in only twelve months. And Clifford Scholl, a. laborer, became superinendent in eight months, after mastering plan reading the Chicago Tech Way! Don’t Delay—Act NOW! Smart builders with an eye for their future will grasp this unusual opportun- ity immediately and get before them the valuable free book and plans that will show them how quickly they can now realize that success they want, as a result of Chicago Tech’s Marvelous Easy Blue Print Way. Remember—there is no risk or obligation whatever in mailing the coupon. So send it in at once! SEND COUPON 7“ Once
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-_ Send No Money---Simply Mail Coupon It will bring you at once the valu- If you are really serious about get- _ able Book—‘“How To Read Blue ting ahead in the building Industry Prints,’ the free Blue Print Plans, as and want to win quick promotion and the bigger pay that goes with it, in- vestigate at once! Mail the coupon below this very minute. PA Chicago Technical SCHOOL for BUILDER Dept. N-102, Chicago Tech. Building 118 East 26th St., Chicago, Ill. 24 well as full in- formation about - Chicago Tech’s == Blue Print Way a e Bigeer Pay. A Trid Lesson By HRBKGELOW Prerented bye CHICAGO TECHNICAL COLLEGE “Ye Schoot for Bushders CHICAGO, LLU SA "Chicago Technical School For ‘Builders, Dept. N-102, Chicago Tech. Building, 118 E. 26th St., Chicago, Ill. If You Live Send me at once without cost or obligation your FREB | BOOK and Complete Set of FREE BLUE PRINTS. Also, full | details about your eas ractical home training. It is under- Nearby : stood no pei daa will’ moh on me. j Visit Our Big Day And : Evening School attended by | Name ---~~-~---~--~-~~-~--+------+--+----+- over 1,000 builders: You | get this same training at [ Sedress ¢ 3 ih he eee home—same plans, lessons | - { and instruction. COD cae Sage bas ee eaees ede ce wtnt@c. oc] eee
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~ a . > We make these | You know Stanley Planes, of course. Everyone does. Try and Mitre Square No. 21 But do you know that Stanley. makes a great many other tools with the same high quality and up-to-date design as Stanley Planes? The illustrations on these pages show the wide variety of Stanley Tools. There are hun-— Marling Sause dreds of other Stanley Tools such as Doweling Jigs, Rabbet Planes, Combination Planes, Cold Chisels, Mitre Boxes and - Mitre Machines, etc. at, Bit Gauge No. 49” The Stanley Catalog No. 34j Socket Chisel : ass _ No. 450 Hh = ee IE , Spoke Shave No. 67
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tools, too---- shows the full line. It illustrates and explains a great number of common and also unusual tools made for all types of work that you may have to do. New Stanley Tools and improve- ments on old models are always being developed. You will find all these in our latest catalog. Line Level S> fe" No. 87 ~ = % A copy of this catalog will make a real addition to your kit. You will find it a valuable reference book. A copy will be sent on request. Butt Gauge No. 95 THE STANLEY RULE & LEVEL PLANT New Britain, Conn. New York Chicago SanFrancisco LosAngeles Seattle Everlasting Chisel | No. 40
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HE new types of — : a heavie ig and more — “Sg permanent construc- | — : tion call for the V & B. a H ammer Tradesman’s Hammer. Up- #4 to-date carpenters every- where are adding these hammers to their tool kits. OF tea uty For building concrete forms—for use with drills or cold chisels—for tear- ing down concrete forms. Wherever there’s a tough heavy-duty job—you’ll ap- preciate the V & B Trades- man’s Hammer. Has a ball pein hammer face especially adapted for use with drills and-~--cold chisels; and an _ especial- ly designed ripping claw, shaped and pitched to get in behind planks and rip them off fast. A tough tool for tough jobs, Head forged from se- lected steel of super- toughness. Handle of polished white hickory. F YOUR dealer can’t ee you with the V & B Tradesman’s Hammer, as shown here, ask him to send for one for you. Or we'll send you one Parcel Post, if you prefer, upon receipt of $2.25 and name and ad- ‘dress of dealer. VAUGHAN & BUSHNELL MANUFACTURING COMPANY Mmhtaker.s of Fire ‘Toots 2li4 Carroll Ave.» ~ Chicago, lil. U.S.A, | Vaughan & Bushnell Mfg. Co., 2114 Carroll Ave., Chicago, Til. Enclosed please find $2.25 for which send me one Tradesman’s Hammer. 4 My Dealer’s name is...... a a re err Pee ere era “His Address i8....6.....-- Se Fee cas See < Geka ae b doe aes Gao a cs ee aes as ee te Ship Hammer. to....... tate eee e cece cence seene reenter teraceees eee ie es wees D htee tee oe ONE 20s ad i866 we 0' 6 Ca Se, Wt Ee Or a Be eae a Oe ger ea cote cece cere eneeencs (esas City: and State... 6... see res te RP, gate S Gig Chine 6 Wie Wk AW nla RN ee PE eek bee | SS A A a A SL Se Sc sa
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= & 1 - Ay Yih bs Y ies Ves Vy Y SS o 2 “ Why carpenters welcome 4 SQUARE LUMBER it’s the finest lumber—grade for grade —that money can buy—the kind of fumber that gives good craftsmanship a chance. The contractor who uses it is helping his carpentersas heshould. WEYERHAEUSER FOREST PRODUCTS, ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA Weyerhaeuser Sales Co., Distributors, Spokane, Washington. District Offices: Minneapolis, Kansas City, Chicago, Toledo, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, New York SQUARE LUMBER SPECIES and GRADE are MARKED and GUARANTEED
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- = ; 4 Balance, strength and a stubborn resistance to wear These qualities, built into Maydole Ham- mers are reasons why they outlast two or more ordinary hammers... stand years of hardest use... are chosen by experi- enced carpenters and skilled cabinet- makers. Heads press-forged from high grade tool steel, each end separately tempered. Face and sides have just the right crown and claws will grip and pull the smallest brad or largest nail. Handles are straight grained, second growth hickory that has been air dried for years, put into the heads ‘“‘for good”’. Your dealer carries the style and weight that fits your grip and swing. Write us forafreecopy of Pocket Handbook 23"‘A”’ Maydole Hammers The. David Maydole Hammer Co., Norwich, N. Y. 3281
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Have you had trouble with plane breakage? Lots of people have. In fact, every plane user will welcome the new and advanced step in plane construction that has been taken by Millers Falls —an insurance against breakage that will be to your benefit and will prolong the life of your plane. The lever cap is where breakage usually occurs. Examine the thickness and width of the Millers Falls lever cap. Clamp the cutter as tightly as you want, put almost any strain on this casting and it will stand up. But don’t forget the other fea- tures of the Millers Falls Planes —improved cutting edge re- quiring less grinding, 3-point bearing of lever cap eliminat- ing chattering, extra reinforce- ments of weaker parts. Ask your dealer’ to show you Millers Falls Planes. Remember that the new Millers Falls line is complete for every plane need. It includes bench planes MITLEGe FREE from 7 to 24 inches, smooth or corrugated bottoms, and 21 - a models of block planes. The new catalog gives complete de- scriptions. Send for copy today. “MILLERS FALLS COMPANY MILLERS FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS Cable Address: MILLERFALL NEW YORK 1EW YORK: 28 Warren St. CHICAGO: 9 So. Clinton St.
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Cornell Serves the Carpenter HE part that Cornell Boards play in building con- struction is a distinct help to the carpenter. Cor- nell Boards create work that would otherwise go to other trades. They supply jobs of many kinds through the year. In the construction of new buildings and the — remodeling or repair of old buildings they aid the car- penter by keeping his time filled in,x—by making his work more convenient and by helping him to maintain his high standards of workmanship. Carpenters who have had experience with Cornell like the strong, light, all-wood boards that produce so many important advantages for them. Cornell Wood Products Co. 307 No. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Il.
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use a :Stalrett Combination Square No. 23 There’s many a carpenter who'd as soon part with his Starrett Combination Square as his right arm. And here’s why—eight every-day tools in one, and not a makeshift in the lot. Ask your dealer to show you this No. 23. Heft it. Judge its nice “feel” for yourself. No- tice the smooth sliding head, the positive lock and the accurate, clean, bright rule markings. The Starrett Combination Square is one tool you cannot afford to be without. Send for a free copy of the Starrett Catalog No. 24.‘f" describing over 2500 Starrett Tools. THE L. S. STARRETT CO. World’s Greatest Toolmakers * Manufacturers of Hacksaws Unexcelled Steel Tapes—Standard for Accuracy ATHOL, MASS., U.S. A. Starrett Scraper No, 181 Starrett Burnisher No. 810 AWS Gp S Tools
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b ;Your i og os . An electric Hand Saw or Portable rig gives much better service when it is equipped with a SIMONDS “60” the Circular Saw de- signed for just such machines. It cuts faster, holds its edge and makes a smoother cut. When buying a machine or equipping one you have, specify SIMONDS “60”’. i Tell your dealer what you want. Simonds Saw and Steel Co. “The Saw Makers” © Established 1832 Fitchburg, Mass. — .
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Cold without —Warm within Build ideal homes with Masonite In thousands of substantial homes, from coast to coast, Masonite, the all-wood insulating material, is being used. Take for an example the home pictured above, typical of those in any community. Masonite Structural Insulation was used for sheathing. Masonite Insulating Lath was used for the plaster base. Practically unknown three years ago, today Masonite means perfect insula- tion. Carpenters find this all-wood ma- terial convenient to use; it enables them to increase their prestige as builders of better homes. Masonite also offers many profitable op- portunities for remodeling old homes. Once a homeowner learns of the advan- tages Masonite brings, you will find him an interested customer. MASONITE CORPORATION Dept. 815,111 W. Washington Street Chicago, Illinois ‘G-1929 M. asonite STRUCTURAL, INSULATION . INSULATING -LATH - _PRESDWOOD © be
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Reser ap ee OS pee ah oe eae Xe x > Re = eed ti, t Sg ex 3 y , Z ~ . - 4 é \ eet ee. ee egg e ; op ee e Sy : as G ’ ~. ; b.. Wy . ' x ; “ta Why not work in style ? . oree wouldn’t buy a dress suit that wasn’t up to the minute in style. Why not buy your work clothes the same way? When you wear Sweet-Orr pants, overalls or shirts you are getting the very latest in snappy design plus good old-fashioned wear. Do you know that hundreds of Amer- ica’s finest stores feature Sweet-Orr work clothes in their sportswear de- partments? That is because every Sweet-Orr garment is designed for looks as well as wear. And as for comfort, “S-W-E-E-T- O-R-R”’ has meant that for nearly sixty years. There is no reason for looking slop- py five days a week. Wear Sweet- Orr pants, overalls -and shirts. You'll look like a King and feel like a. Prince... WEET-ORR & CO., INC. 15 Union Square, New York Pants - Overalls - Shirts ‘First to adopt the Union Label’’
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aul Blade ground 1% inches; still cutting fast! ; NOTHER tribute to Plumb A Steel, and hardening— and tempering. Mr. Frank Neitz, Jeffersonville, Pa., L.U.No. 897, sent in the old hatchet pictured, with the comment: “This hatchet has been a good friend of mine. It has been in con- stant use for nine years.” The blade has been sround back 1% inches, yet the hatchet is still fit for use. Plumb’s“one piece” construction gives long service with repeated grind- ing. No wonder carpenters say “They’re worth more.” FAYETTE R. PLUMB, Inc. Philadelphia, U. S. A. Mr. Neitz’s old Plumb Hatchet is shown imposed over a new one of the same pattern to show the depth to which the blade has been ground. Look for Plumb Tools with the Red Handle and Black Head in your hardware store. Model shown—No. HF 530— Price $2.25, PLUMB DOUBLE LIFE
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_ New and Better Back Saw | Introduced by Disston OW your hard- ware man has in stock, or can get for you, the new Disston No. 4 Back Saw, the finest tool of its kind! This new Back Saw has a heavier back, which stiffens the blade, keeps it true in the cut, and holds the saw in contact with the work. This back is of bright Disston- made steel. The blade is thin yet stiff. The teeth are shaped and set to cut smoother and easier. Blade and handle are balanced as you like them. Hand hole is large, with a comfort- able grip, and handle has the new Disston weatherproof finish, more beautiful and ees Disston Steel and Temper, and Disston Five Advantages 1—Heavier Back —stiffens the blade 2—Faster Cutting —teeth of new shape 3—Large Hand Hole —comfortable grip 4.—Disston Steel —stays sharp longer 5—Disston Temper’ —hard and tough workmanship, make this the finest Back Saw that money can buy. You will want it when you see it. This newand better Disston Back Saw is available with 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16-inch blades... HENRY DISSTON & SONS, Inc, Philadelphia, U.S.A, Canadian Factory: Toronto DISSTON Makers of “THE saw MOST CARPENTERS use” <i <3 eee ta oss oe. 2a aes,”
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Hl RITES QVAUUGUAUGUCUGUGTUGUUETOOEODACUOUGLIGORTE NNT | Entered July 2 22, 1915, at (NDIANAPOLIS, IND., as second class mail matter, under Act of Congress, Aug. 24, 1912 Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for “3 Section 1103, act of October 3. 1917, authorized on July 8. 1918 _ A Monthly Journal for Carpenters, Stair Builders, Machine Wood Workers, Planing Mill Men, and Kindred Industries. Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, at Carpenters’ Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana Advertising Department, 25 Third Avenue, New York, N. Y. <@e351 E lish yaanirig? 2 38%, INDIANAPOLIS, OCTOBER, 1929 Og DoUaE St Zeus NOTICE i Ne The publishers of “The Carpenter” reserve the right to reject all advertising matter which may be, in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to the membership of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America. All contracts for advertising space in ‘“‘The Carpenter,” including those stipulated as non-cancellable, are only accepted subject to the above reserved ee of the publishers. Three Kinds of Courage There’s the courage that nerves you in starting to climb _ The mount of success rising sheer; And when you've slipped back there’s the courage sublime That keeps you from shedding a tear. ; These two kinds of courage, I give you my word, Are worthy of tribute—but then, You’ll not reach the summit unless you’ve the third— The courage of try-it-again! —Roy Farrell Greene.
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Vat ~ a August 14, 1929. To The Local Unions, U.-B. of C.-and J: of A. Dear Sirs and Brothers: Enclosed herewith please find a reso- jution designed to bring about a refer- endum vote on the question of provid- ing for the necessary revenue to the Home and Pension Fund, to enable the Brotherhood to pay a Pension. We feel that in justice to our aged members who on account of family ties. do not wish to avail themselves of the benefits of the Home, action should be taken immediately to make it possible for them to receive a Pension. Before acting on this resolution -we consulted with the General Officers and the best estimates obtainable at this time to indicate that twenty-five cents (25c) additional per capita tax is re- quired to pay the expenses of the Home and Pension. Anticipating your favorable action, we remain, Fraternally yours, LOCAL UNION No. 58, U. B. of C. and J. of A. John Sundberg, President, Eric Pihl, Rec. Secretary. * * * RESOLUTION Whereas, the General Convention of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America held at Lake- land, Florida, formulated and adopted e < provisions designed to give relief to our a Sn Om a. = nails. cae, ot th i Pe et ee “ae od 2 Se es ee es oe 2% 2 Pe ia Bis ae oie ned ee See ee a Gate eet SS Spee ade ost os so a eee OO Sa a le ee oe tae Ae ea ae Le ea o ope a Pots Sree ¥ be 2. sent THE CARPENTER. TO PUT THE PENSION INTO. EFFECT aged members through a ‘Heme and Pension system, and ae Whereas, the provisions as adopted — by the convention provided that the Home for the aged members should be — opened on January 1, 1929, and further ~— provided for a referendum vote on an increased per capita tax so that those members who did not desire to go to the Home could receive a Pension. This last amendment submitted was lost by a very small vote, consequently there is — no money in the fund to pay a Pension, and Whereas, as the matter now stands, under the resolution adopted by the Convention, only those members are be- ing taken care of who desire to avail themselves of the Home. This then con- fronts us with the situation wherein the Brotherhood is not doing justice to its aged members by denying the right of some of those members to draw a Pen- sion because of the lack of funds caused by the membership voting down the amendment as submitted, and Whereas, equal justice demands that the Brotherhood take immediate steps to provide the necessary funds for the payment of Pension to aged members who because of family reasons, do not desire to avail themselves of the oppor- tunity to spend their declining years at the Home, and Whereas, in looking over the mem- bership we find, either from lack of work or over supply of carpenters, that discrimination is practiced against the older members on the jobs and makes need for relief all the more imperative, and Whereas, taking these facts into con- sideration it is estimated that it will require twenty-five (25c) cents addi- tional per capita tax to take care of the | Home and Pension fund to do justice to members who are entitled to the Pen- sion, as per the provisions of the Con- stitution, and do not wish to, go to the Home. Therefore, Be It Resolved, that Local — Union No. 58 of the U. B. of C. and J. of A. in meeting assembled this 6th day of August, 1929, do hereby request the ~ : General Officers and General Executive _ Board to submit to referendum. vote of al
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-.. ‘the general membership the following proposition: “Shall the monthly per capita tax to the Home and Pension fund be in- creased a ia cents per THE CARPENTER 21 member, per month, to become effective January 1, 1930, and the first payment of Pension to be made for the month of January, 1930, and monthly there- after?’’ % THE WINNER NEVER QUITS, AND THE QUITTER NEVER WINS (By Geo. H. Lakey, First General Vice-President. ) SY OR several years our Or- ganization has given con- ( sideration to a Home and Pension Proposition, and to those who have given thought towards doing something for the aged members. We have seen the Home finished, - furnished and properly dedicated as a monument of achievement to the Organ- ization that stands out in a class by it- self, and many of our aged members now assembled there as guests of the Brotherhood in a Haven of Rest, that being their reward for thirty years of continuous service in the Organization. When the referendum vote was taken on the amendments submitted by the last Convention to the membership for their approval, to provide the funds to support the Pension was defeated, it left us in a position whereby we have a most wonderful Home, and we have a Pension Law, but not enough money to pay a Pension. We hear a cry in every country and in every city, town~ and hamlet, ‘‘We have idle members,’’ and many reasons are given as to why this situation exists. Some say it is the times, others say it is labor saving ma- chinery displacing man-power, but a look into the headquarters of any Local Union or District Council will disclose the fact that the men who are idle are those with a tinge of grey in their hair. There is a tendency on the part of insurance companies to preach to the employer that a man is aged at 45, and if the contractor insists upon employing men above that age his insurance rates will be increased materially. We are not willing to'agree that any such a thing is true. A man is not old at 45, in fact he is in the prime of life. His experi- ence will usually make up for his lack of agility, for the writer always believed and always will, that a man who uses his head will make up for the other fel- low’s extra motion who doesn’t use his head, and if we are going to promote the logic of the insurance companies that a man is past. his usefulness at 45 we surely will have to find a way to help those who are beginning to show the effects of time. We find that thousands of men throughout the country have friends and children who have grown into man- hood and womanhood who are willing to assist in one way or another—friend- ships and family ties that they don’t care to be separated from, where a little Pension would permit them to stay with their children and friends where they would be happier than were they to go to the Home, nothwithstanding the fact that I think they realize a warm welcome awaits them at the Home, and I am sure if we have the interest to maintain the Home and Pension Fund at 35c per member per month you will find it is being done on less than any other Home and Pension in the world. I feel sure that a Pension can be operated at least for a time at that rate, and with the Home and Pension in operation the smile could be brought back to the face of our aged members, displacing the hopelessness that seems to be star- ing them in the face now. Our Organization has earned the rep- utation that we emerge successfully from anything we undertake, and I can- not believe that our membership who started out to create a Home and Pen- sion system are going to quit. That is the reason for the caption of this arti- cle, ‘‘A Winner Never Quits, and a Quit- ter Never Wins.” I have faith and con- fidence in the will of the members of the Brotherhood, and feel that they will see when this matter comes up for their consideration through the amendment submitted by Local Union No. 58 of Chi- cago that we will have the Pension sys- tem to carry out the purpose we oi out to do. oe
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—_ HE old timer is an as- set to the Union at all times. By the old timer we mean the member who has been in harness for years and years—ever on the job—ever faithful to his post. We owe him far more than we will ever be able to repay. He has been our guiding spirit; that necessary inspiration that makes a union succeed. He stuck to the ship through thick and thin. Busy moments and worldly cares have perhaps kept him away from meetings, but when call- ed upon he always responded to the call of duty. He has come to the front THE REPORT OF THE GENERAL SECRETARY HE General Secretary in accordance with the pro- visions of Paragraph “‘E’’, Section 13 of our General Constitution and Laws, has sent to all Local Un- ions, District, State and Provincial Councils of the United Brotherhood, a copy of his report for the year ending June 30, 1929. The report is largely statistical, how- ever the fund of information one may gather from a study of it is amazing. In it may be found ample food for thought and study by anyone who has the inter- est of the Brotherhood at heart. The General Secretary deals with each of the items that come under his supervision briefly but thoroughly in a way that leaves no doubt or confusion in the minds of the reader. A review of this report merits the at- tention of each and every member of the United Brotherhood. In it we learn that our United Broth- erhood of Carpenters and Joiners of ~. America consists of 1,994 Local Unions, 137 District Councils, 27 State Councils, 2 Provincial Councils and 216 Ladies’ ~Auxiliary Unions. The total member- ship in the 1,994 Local Unions is as follows: In good standing, 283,635. In arrears, 41,518. Honorary, 9,475; = making a total membership of 334,628. THE CARPENTER THE FAITHFUL OLD TIMER sis gee - : iP oe ati, eg : = FAS ee + eee ‘ : a » amd =» y ate S ’ Fale ae" mete Na oe >* E = a so often and so loyally that we Be a mention them all. : When things seemed darkest his as vice and counsel tided us over the ~ rough spots. When help was needed he ~ served faithfully and well. Sometimes the unthinking youngster may dub him ‘fan old fogey,’’ but he has given more, — sacrificed more, aided more and worked harder than any self-assumed critic. He always had before him the sed name and welfare of the Union. He never quit. If things went against his liking he never threw his hands up in despair and resigned. He simply bucked up his belt and set out to bring the craft back upon its proper course. A detailed list of the Local Unions organized, lapsed and consolidated dur- ing the year is next given, as well as an itemized list of the locations of Dis- trict, State and Provincial Councils and the Ladies Auxiliary Unions. The number of Local Unions and the membership in the various States and Provinces is also given in detail and is interesting to note that New York with 60,583 has the largest membership. Illinois is second with 40,472 members. Pennsylvania with 29,578; New Jersey with 24,590; Massachusetts, 20,732 and Ohio, 19,492 follow in the order named. With regard to the membership in the seven districts represented on the Gen- eral Executive Board we note that Dis- trict No. 1 leads with 94,677 members; District No. 3 is second with 82,247 members; District No. 2 is third with 63,192 members; District No. 6 is fourth with 36,136 members; District No. 5 is fifth with 30,928 members; District No. 4 is sixth with 14,417 mem- bers; and District No. 7 is seventh with 10,681 members. In the next section, the report deals with Financial Secretaries monthly re- ports and among other things calls par- ticular attention to the necessity of ‘ promptness and correctness in making out these reports as it is only through them that the records of individual — members at the General Office are kept. __
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| _Beeret idest frequent errors made in them. _ Financial Secretaries should study this section of the report very carefully. Under the heading, ‘‘Members Six - Months In Arrears’’ the report states that: - “When a member owes six months’ dues, or an amount equal therto, he _ suspends himself from the organization altogether without any action on the part of the Local Union any more than - to eross his name from the list of mem- bership, in acordance with the provision ee) eet of Paragraph B, Section 45, of our Gen- ~ e: é eral Laws which specifies that-—— “<A member owing a Local Un- ion a sum equal to six months’ dues shall have his,name stricken from the list of membership with- out a vote of the Local Union.’ “Accepting dues from him after he is six months in arrears does not continue his membership. So see that this sys- tem is stopped in the future. After that, if he wants to be part of our or- ganization, he must comply with the ‘provisions of Paragraph 8, Section 45, of our General Laws in its entirety, that eS is, he must make out a new application, : pay the initiation fee required and be initiated and obligated the same as if --‘he never belonged before, and his date of admission begins from the date of his last initiation.”’ Each and every member should read this section over carefully and in the future be governed accordingly. The General Secretary next deals with the audits of the books of various Local Unions, made at the General Of- fice. Due to discrepancies in Financial Secretaries reports, these audits are sometimes necessary in order to adjust the membership records at the General Office. During the fiscal year covered ' by the report, 235 such audits were made and as a result the General Office - eollected back tax amounting to $1,- 4638.65. There is outstanding and in oak. ies res anys a Dy a. ? bp OWE AS RR Rene RN bf ii tate aia oa alg 1 ih Se the process of collection, $391.00 mak- : we a total amount of $1,854.65. a ae E CARPENTER These officers are bonded any individual person. unless the amount of the premium due is paid to the General Office by August ist, the amount is deducted from the ae per capita tax paid in, without further In the past, quite a number of | notice. Local Unions have been negligent in paying their permiums. It is to the mutual benefit of everybody concerned A to see that the premium is paid prompt- ly each year. The next section is devoted to com- plaints received at the General Office that members are not receiving their \ ° e copy of our Official monthly journal, “The Carpenter.’’ Upon investigation, -we find that in most cases, the addresses furnished us are incomplete and vague. If the Financial Secretary will furnish us with the complete, correct street and city address of each member and notify us promptly of any change in the ad- dress, these complaints will be reduced to a minimum. During the year a total of 95 trade movements were considered by the Gen- eral Executive Board. Of this number 36 were granted official sanction while 57 were granted official sanction with financial aid. Sanction was denied in two instances as the Local Unions had not complied with the provisions of our General Laws. A_ detailed list of these trade movements and the final settlement reached is listed in the re- port. A list of supplies mailed from the General Office together with an inven- tory of the stock on hand is next de- tailed. - The report concludes with a financial statement showing all monies received at the General Office from all sources, together with the amounts refunded as unused balance of appropriations made for relief of men on strike or locked- out. All in all, the report is a good one and once more proves that our Brother- hood is in a healthy, sound condition. In comprehensive form it furnishes a large amount of information about our Brotherhood that should be of interest to Overy: pguiber. legudae: a. blanket bond covering the office and not ae The premium — on these bonds is due on July ist and ©
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THE CARPENTER - FORCES THAT MAKE FOR AMERICAN PROSPERITY . (By Wesley C. Mitchell, Professor of Economics, Columbia University.) [SY OW the United States managed to attain a higher per capita income in 1922-27 than ever be- fore, though conditions : in most other countries were not favorable, and though its basic industry of agriculture was depressed, is the outstanding problem of the cycles of 1921-24, 1924-27 and 1927 to date. All answers may be condensed into one: Since 1921, Americans have applied in- telligence to the day’s work more effec- tively than ever before. The process of putting science into industry has been followed more intensively than before; it has been supplement- ed by tentative efforts to ing specialists, sales directors, business economists and statisticians—are less rigorously trained than engineers. It is even harder to measure the results they achieve than to determine what differ- ence a new machine makes in unit costs. Nor are business executives so generally convinced of the practical value of the rather intangible services which the new. professions can render as they are of the indispensability of engineering advice. Yet it is conceivable that appli- cations of the social sciences, now in their tentative stage, will grow into con- tributions of great moment to economic welfare. Perhaps none of the changes will prove more put science into business HAT are the outstand- important in the long ee 8 -union ing reasons for Amer- +* ane ee ade ican prosperity and| Tun than the change in policy and government eet have been the economic the economic theories dministration. changes of recent years? : : “ 3 ~ These questions are discussed on which the American Since 1921 Americans = the a that peace Federation of Labor and $ e statements are based upon . A : i have found ways of pro tho: Sensavehon wade. fo" the certain outside unions ducing more goods per Committee on . nomic Changes hour of labor than be al Bureau of by the Nation- Recent Eco- are acting. That organ- Deanamit Ite: izations of wage earners fore. They have received search under the direction of should grasp the rela- larger average incomes Professor Edwin F. Gay of . gact Harvard and Professor Wesley tions between productiv because they have pro- C. Mitchell of Columbia. This ity and wages, and that duced more commodities and services. view. The reality of the gains made by improv- ing the technique of farming, ,rail- roading, manufacturing and. building seems to be established beyond question. There is room for doubt only concern- ing the pace of recent progress in com- parison with earlier spurts of techni- cal improvement. Comparisons between output per worker in later years and in 1919 often show sensational gains. It remains clear that the industrial revolu- tion is not a closed episode; we are liv- ing in the midst of it, and the economic problems of today are largely problems of its making. The efforts to apply scientific meth- ods to such matters are in an early stage of development. The_ sciences which underlie these efforts—psycho- logy, sociology, economics—are far less advanced than physics and chemistry. The experts who are making the appli- cations—personnel managersy advertis- article embraces excerpts from rae Professor Mitchell’s general re- they should take the ini tiative in pressing con- structive plans for~ in- creasing efficiency upon employers, is not wholly without pre- cedent, but the spread of such ideas and the vigor with which they are acted on by large organizations must startle those who have believed that trade un- ions are brakes upon economic progress. Scarcely less significant is the report from the employing side. Our investi- gators believe that the art of business management, turned a corner in 1921, cultivating since then more skilful un- derstanding of the whole situation and nicer adjustment of means to the imme- diate environment. Numerous corpora- tions and some trade associations are maintaining research bureaus of their own. Among the managerial devices ex- perimented with are co-ordinated staffs in place of one “‘big boss,’’ bonus pay- ments to executives and ‘‘incentive wages” for the rank and file, operating . budgets, forecasts of ‘business condi- —
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| tions, close inventory control, personnel management and employe representa- tion. Most of these devices are attempts eto understand and to utilize the phys- chological forces which control human behavior, or the economic forces which control business activity. ‘‘There is to- day not only more production per man, more wages per man and more horse- power per man; there is also more man- agement per man.” Marketing—tradi- tionally the part of business in which native shrewdness, experience and ‘‘per- sonal magnetism’’ have been held all- important—even marketing is being permeated by applied psychology. Associated with the prudence which has tempered enterprise is a more sys- tematic effort to learn from experience. Here there seems to be a new emphasis, if not a new practice. Most can be learned from experience when it is ex- actly known and seen in relation to its environment. The most exact records of economic experience are statistical in form. Since the war an increasing num- ber of officials, publicists and business men have fostered the keeping of better statistical records and have analyzed past experience as a guide to future planning. More publicity concerning business op- erations and closer cooperation among business enterprises should also be not- ed as characteristics of the day. These are features of American practice which impress all our foreign visitors; the j Ee —— EE —— THE CARPENTER r older rules of secretiveness and rivalry seem to have maintained themselves more rigidly in other countries. Per- haps the growth of trade associations and the expansion of their programs is the clearest evidence of the new atti- tude. No doubt every industry has its recalcitrants who, for one reason or an- other, refuse to play on the team; but certainly there is a marked increase of readiness to join cooperative programs of research and publicity, to inter- change trade information, to standard- ize products where standardization is good business, to consult about meth- ods and practices—in short, to treat the industry for many purposes as a unit in whose prosperity all members have a common interest, and to inspire good- will in the public by open dealings. Belief in the economy of high wages has become prevalent among the abler business executives, much as belief in increasing productivity has become prevalent among the abler. trade-union leaders. To find a market for the wares turned out by mass production and urged on consumers by national adver- tising, it is patently necessary to have “corresponding purchasing power in the hands of consumers. Since studies of the national income have demonstrated that wages constitute by far the largest stream of personal income, it follows that wages per man—or rather, wages per family— must be increased as pro- duction is expanded. SOME OF THE REASONS FOR OUR PRESENT PROSPERITY In reviewing data collected for the Committee on Recent Economic Changes, Professor Wesley C. Mitchell notes that some outstanding reasons for present prosperity in this country are: Americans have applied intelligence to the day’s work more effectively than ever before. Intensive application of science to industry has been followed by efforts to introduce it into business management. There is not only more producton, wages and horsepower, but also more management per man. Among managerial experiments are co-ordinated staffs in place of one ‘‘big boss,’ bonuses, better statistics, close inventory control. Labor-saving machinery has turned out to be job-making machinery. - tives. Belief in the economy of high wages has become prevalent among the abler business execu- Trade unions are acting under a changed economic theory which acknowledges the rela- tionship between productivity and wages. Technical advances have been largely in the direction of more economical production ; more goods are turned out at less cost. Comparisons between output per worker in later years and in 1919 often show sensational gains. Without help from any extraordinary invention, railroads also attained a higher level of operating efficiency. Numerous corporations and some trade associations are maintaining research departments of their own. - There has resulted a rapid expansion in the production and sale of products unknown a ) generation ago.
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Perhaps most people would have ac- cepted this argument in the abstract at any time in the last hundred years. But many employers in the past would have retorted with the assertion that high wages undermine the moral stamina of the masses. Today such talk is far less common in the United States. Not only do many business executives admit the general principle that paying high wages is good policy; they are ready to assume what they consider their share of the responsibility for putting the principle into practice. Further, our Federal Government has of late years manifest a more intelli- gent attitude toward problems of eco- nomic organization than in the past. To treat business enterprises as agencies for performing social services, to facili- tate their operations, and to hold them to this conception of their function, is a policy exceedingly difficult to carry out. To repeat: All of the changes making for prosperity which have been recalled can be summed up under a single head —applying fresh intelligence to the day’s work. The technical advances of recent years in the United States have been largely advances in the direction of more economical production. A great- er volume of goods has been turned out at lower cost per unit. From the use of abstruse researches in pure science to the use of broad economic conceptions and the use of common sense, the meth- od of American progress in 1922-28 has been the old method of taking thought. Peace lead us to turn our thoughts to common matters, the hard times of 1921 spurred our efforts, and the com- plicated consequences our efforts pro- duced have kept us thinking. Scarcely less characteristic of our pe- riod than unit cost reduction is the rapid expansion in the production and sale of products little used or wholly unknown a generation or even a decade ago. Among consumers’ goods, the con- spicuous instances are automobiles, ra- dios and rayon. But the list includes also oil-burning furnaces, gas_ stoves, household electrical appliances in great variety, automobile accessories, anti- freezing mixtures, cigarette lighters, propeller pencils, wrist watches, air- planes and what not. Among producers’ goods we have the truck and tractorcom- peting with the horse and the mule, re- , THE CARPENTER & inforced concrete competing with brick > and lumber, the high-tension line com- peting with the steam engine, fuel oil competing with coal, not to mention ex-* cavating machines, belt conveyors, paint sprayers, and ‘‘automatics’” of many sorts competing with manual labor. Changes in taste are in large part merely the consumers’ response to the solicitation of novel products, effective- ly presented by advertising. But that is not all of the story; the consumer is free to choose what he likes among the vociferous offerings, and sometimes re- veals traces of initiative. In what other terms can one explain the changes in diet? Americans are consuming fewer calories per capita; they are eating less wheat and corn but more dairy pro- ducts, vegetable oils, sugar, fresh vege- tables and fruit. More families than ever before are sending their sons and daughters to col- lege—surely that is not a triumph of ‘*high-powered’’ salesmanship. Young children, girls and women are wearing lighter and fewer clothes. The short skirt, the low shoe, the silk or rayon stockings, ‘‘athletic’’ underwear, the soft collar, sporting suits and sporting goods have an appeal which makers of rival articles have not been able to overcome. And, in a sense, every consumers’ good, from college to candy, is a rival of every other consumers’ good, besides being a rival of the savings bank. ‘‘When the makers of one product get a larger slice of the consumers’ dollar the slices left for the makers of other products get smaller.’’ This way of ac- counting for the hardships met by cer- tain long-established industries in 1922- 27, such for example as the leather and woolen trades, is popular and sound, so far as it goes. But it does not take ac- count of the fact that desire for new goods, or the pressure of installment purchases once made, may lead people to work harder or more steadily, and so get more dollars to spend. All one can say with assurance is that consump- tion per capita has increased in volume to match the increased per capita out- put of consumers’ goods taken alto- gether. Among all the hardships imposed by increasing efficiency, most publicity has been given to the decline in the number of wage earners employed by factories. That is a matter of the gravest con’ern ~or
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ag view of their slender ineteaces. To it special attention has been paid in this investigation. The new phrase, ‘‘technological un- employment,’’ designates nothing new in the facts, though the number affect- . ed may be large beyond precedent. The -. Yailways which displaced the old mail coaches and carters have not reduced the number of transport workers or ; made them poorer. And the new trades of building and caring for the elaborate ~—-« modern equipment must not be forgot- ten. But the broad result plainly has He been that the industrial triumphs of the nineteenth century increased the de- mand for labor and increased its re- a study of technical changes by L. P. Council, who reports : been equal to the number of new woes ong ers plus the old workers displaced, — Hence there has been a net increase of unemployment between 1920 and 1927 which exceeds 650,000 people. _ The individual farmer, hard pressed — by low prices and high fixed costs, he tried several ways to better his for- One way alleviates the lot of — tunes. | other farmers, whether it turns out well for himself or not. It is to give up farm- ing. Dr. C. J. Galpin estimates that there — was a net decrease of farm. population amounting to 460,000 persons in 1922, perhaps a larger number in 1923, 182,- 000 in 1924 when city jobs were harder to get, and 479,000 in 1926. But the smaller numbers of workers — left on farms, cultivating slightly less © WAGES, PRODUCTION AND COST | PROFESSOR MITCHELL’S reference to trends of wages, productivity, and cost is based on ts Alford, vice-president of the American Engineering Wages, after increasing 134 percent between 1914 and 1920, rose another 1.04 percent in the post-war period. Hours worked per week dropped on the average from 51.5 to 48.2. ductivity per wage earner in the two decades before 1919 had increased but 4.7 from 1919 to 1927 the increase was 53.5 percent. Employes decreased in the post-war (1919-27) period by 2.9 percent. in the same interval was lowered 24.5 percent. 30.9 percent. Value of machinery from 1919 to 1922 represented an increase of 28.7 Pro- percent but Unit cost of product Horsepower added per worker amounted to percent. Value of. buildings in those years represented an increase of 26.7 percent. Outlay for materials from 1919 to 1925 advanced 9.7 percent and for total wages and ma- terials the advance was 7.2 percent. Total production of the American manufacturing industry made a sudden increase between 1919-27 of 46.5 percent. wards. ‘‘Labor-saving’’ machinery has turned out to be job-making machinery. Of the 5,100,000 net additions to non-agricultural job-seekers, a few turned to mining and allied occupa- tions; 100,000 entered public services, over 600,000 engaged in construction work of some sort, nearly 1,000,000 at- tached themselves to “transportation and communication,’’ 1,400,000 became mercantile employes, and more than 2,- 500,000 took to miscellaneous occupa- tions in hotels, restaurants, garages, re- pair shops, moving picture places, bar- ber shops, hospitals, insurance work, professional offices and the like. Manu- facturing is the only large occupational group, aside from farming, to show a decline. : The expansion of business, particular- _ ly the expansion of miscellaneous and - -‘mercantile occupations, made places for perhaps 4,500,000 new wage earners. - a the supply of new jobs has not ee ee o /° s. - ~ Me RS ghee land have increased their output—again paralleling developments in manufac- turing. The Department of Agriculture’s index showing ‘“‘mass of crop produc- tion’? mounted from 100 in 1919—a year of fair harvests—to 102 in 1922, 104 in 1925, and 106 in 1927. If these figures were reduced to a per capita basis, the rate of increase would be de- cidedly greater. Increased productivity per worker in agriculture has been achieved in the same way as increased productivity per worker in manufactur- ing—by putting more intelligence into the work. Combined, the birth rate and death rate changes and the changes in migra- tion reduced the average annual in- crease of population from 1,800,000 in 1920-25 to 1,545,000 in 1925-28. : Though the percentage of unemploy- ment has risen since 1923, wage rates — have been firmly maintained on mae y has
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28 result also must be ascribed in part to the relatively slow increase in the num- ber of job hunters. Moreover, it seems sound to ascribe a part of the gains in technical efficien- cy, which have been so characteristic of - recent years, to the high price of labor. An employe to whom one pays high wages may represent low labor cost. But if he is to be so efficient as to be cheap, he must be provided with good equipment and aided by good management. More horsepower per man and better management per man are needed to secure more production per man, and more production must be had per man when more wages are paid per man. THE CARPENTER perts, skill on the part of bankers, and the course of foreign markets. _ By the aid of the reinforced efficiency, it has been possible to pay high wages and salaries, meet interest and rental charges, distribute liberal dividends, and still retain large surpluses for pro- tecting or expanding business ventures. The large income disbursements pro- vided the purchasing power to which the market experts appealed for the purchase of the increased physical out- put of goods. Meanwhile, the consider- able profits reaped by the large number of efficient enterprises made them eager to grow. At the same time, prosperous families wanted better housing; pros- perous communities wanted larger. SAVINGS IN MANUFACTURING ASTE elimination, standardization of parts, reduction of varieties have contributed to meres costs and higher profits. oidance or reclamation of wastes ‘ ‘may be credited with a total saving today of $5,000, 000. 000, on Hoover’s estimate of $600,000,000 annually,” reports L. P. Alford. Savings through standardization ‘‘cannot yet be determined,” but the automobile industry estimates its own savings at $750,000,000 a year. More than eighty-four commodities have reduced their varieties or styles to a degree rang- ing upward to 98 percent. An aspect of the campaign against waste, aided by industrial research, ‘is the reclamation and re-use of materials and the development of commercially valuable by-products.’” New processes developed meant extensive savings annually, amounting to from $6,000 to $3,0000,000 to individual corporations. We cannot understand any single factor in the (prosperity) situation, such as increasing technological effici- ency, the rising standard of living, the relatively stable price level, the large volume of construction, the abundance of capital and credit, or large income disbursements, without noting how others factors favored its development. Take, for example, keener intelli- gence applied to the day’s work, which increased the physical output of goods. That has meant the possibility of larger average real incomes per capita. To dis- tribute these goods, market experts cul- tivated the desires of the people for a freer and more:varied consumption; they developed plans by which the eager could satisfy wants before they could pay. A sound monetary and banking system provided the requisite currency and credit to run the whole process of producing and distributing a swelling river of goods. Price fluctuations were held within narrow limits by a combina- tion of prudence among business men, unit cost reductions by technical ex- schools; prosperous States. wanted hard- surface roads. So the routine business of providing current income was sup- plemented by an exceptional volume of new construction to provide industrial equipment of all kinds, office buildings, single dwellings, apartments, hotels, theatres, schools and highways. And, of course, the construction work as it pro- ceedéd, enlarged the market for a vast variety of goods and enlarged the dis- bursements of income. Drop out any of the developments re- called in the preceding paragraph and the process as a whole would be altered. Two series of figures are given of the net effects upon average per capita in- come. The first shows income received in money, the second ‘disbursed. in- come’’; that is, money receipts plus the value of. income yielded by homes occu- pied by their owners and by household goods, the value of farm produce con- sumed by the producers and minor items of similar nature. The first series. corresponds closely to the common con- e
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3 Hine zecalved Fiahnasnient ee p ae ee 557 623 2 eee aia 616 678 A 628 697 - | ee eae 647 714 TD nee ene 659 727 From the trough in which the war and the war-dominated cycle of 1919- 21 left the country, Americans raised their average fortunes almost, but not quite, to the pre-war level in a single year of reviving activity. A second year . of great gains left the old records far - behind. Since 1923 progress has been steady but less rapid. In statistical parlance the conspicu- ous feature of recent economic changes is the rising trend in output per worker and average income, rather than cycli- cal fluctuations. The United States has not had a genuine ‘‘boom’’ in business at large since 1919; it has not had a ‘commercial crisis” since 1920, or. a se- vere depression since 1921. United States. cyclical fluctuations has _ been 1924, but it extends beyond 1927. we are to maintain business prosperity we must continue to earn it month after month and year after year by intelligent effort. The incomes disbursed to con- sumers, and to wage earners in particu- lar, must be increased on a scale suffici-. ent to pay for the swelling volume of consumers’ goods sent to market. credit structure must be kept in due ad- justment to the earnings of business en- terprises. Security prices must not out- run prospective profits capitalized at. the going rate of interest. Commodity Business a cycles have not been “ironed out” in the | But the amplitude of © re- duced. This reduction dates only from — bs oe The. stocks must be held in line with current sales. Scientific research, to the unknown. They are fascinating ventures which energetic minds will ever be trying, whether the tangible re- wards prove great or small. All that is certain is that whatever progress in ef- ficiency we continue to make must be won by the same type of bold and in- telligent work that has earned our re- cent successes. THE MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLY ~ HE editor of The Florida August, 1929, says: “There is no discount- ing the extreme serious- ness of the attack of the Mediterranean fruit fly, not only for the state of Florida but to the entire south- ern half of the United States. pest should become widely distributed ‘over the United States it is beyond hu- man computation to tell the damage that. -would be done to this country. While this is true, yet our people have unbounded faith and confidence in the ability of the state and federal scientists to overcome this pest. In fact the lat- est reports are that the campaign against this pest has already succeeded to such an extent that complete eradi- cation is now omy a matter of time and ‘money. “The Hon. W. J. Howey, one of the la ‘gest and most successful citrus Ones: Progress magazine for: If this. ators in Florida, made the following industrial inven- _ tion and business pioneering all lead in- 7 statements in a recent letter to the Man-— ufacturers Record: ‘It is no particular crime for a city to awaken to the fact that it has typhoid fever in its midst, but it is a crime’to keep it or permit it to continue. That is in a sense the way I view the Mediterranean fruit fly. ““*When we review the citrus indus- try in Florida we realize that with the introduction of the white fly some years ago the alarm was national in its scope and many people chopped down their trees, but today we pay no attention to the white fly. With the introduction of the cottony cushion scale many people stampeded and sold their groves in alarm, but today we pay no attention to the cottony cushion scale. When the citrus canker was discovered every one became alarmed, but now apparently we have no more citrus canker. “ ‘I am unable to work myself its a fever of excitement over the Mediter- ences ES Rs Bets) a A, Pe i ee ery, t een Ro maa
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me ranean fruit fiy. I appreciate its. possi- bilities, but with intelligent organiza- tion, and what little we know of meas- ures which are being brought into play quickly, we will render it impotent. “ ‘There will be some solution which will, result in the elimination of the pupa (resting stage), and there goes your Mediterranean fruit fly. It is a problem which will yield to intensified organization, to a determined effort of eradication, directed by intelligent work, and all of this is now being done.’ Here are the actual facts. of the present infestation as given out July 24 by Mr. Frank Stirling, a personal repre- sentative of Dr. Wilmon Newell, chief of the Florida Plant Board, in direct. charge of the fruit fly eradication. “Mr. Stirling states that there are 1,149 properties of various acreages in- fested over 21 counties. The infestation was found to be worse in grapefruit than in any other fruit or vegetable. This, by the way, is the fruit in which it was discovered. Oranges come next in degree of infestation. “One of the most strenuous cam- paigns in the history of the world is at the present time being conducted against this pest by the trained forces of the United States Department of Agriculture working in close coopera- tion with the Florida Plant Board. An ~~ = > i es ae i ee ee eee) Oe ee ee Ate Se Ee Se a Re Re eR EE SF ee gee OS ee ME es ee ee aa =o s => eae in ace) eS o. ree ee ey . ow eee a 7 te, * a army of 4,000 men are working on this pest at the present time. that it is harder to find one fly in the — infested area today than it was to find © 1,000,000 flies when the pest was first — discovered. This fact is encouraging but the battle has not been won until every fly in Florida is killed. Thisisthe _ objective of the entire force of Medfly — workers. There will be no rest, or no let down until this is accomplished. “The method of extermination being used is one of sanitation, plus poison- ing. All citrus fruit in the infested areas of last year’s crop has been de- stroyed in such a way that no maggots of the fly could possibly escape. Follow- ing this, a poison spray has been and is being used continually on trees—both fruit and shade and on the grass sur- rounding infested territory. This spray consists of 200 gallons of water, 6 pounds brown sugar, 10 gallons syrup, 10 pounds lead arsenate. This sweet poison bait attracts and kills, and is readily taken by the adult fly. Its effec- tiveness is shown by the fact that adult flies are very difficult to find. ‘When this work of extermination — and inspection is completed Florida will . enjoy a reputation for putting out high- class fruits never before equalled in the history of its agriculture.”’ WORKERS EDUCATION (By William Green, President, American Federation of Labor.) attach great significance and importance to that old phrase that know- ledge is power, and when the worker is possessed of a consciousness of his rights, of his economic strength, when properly directed, then I believe that we are welding into a great industrial movement a strong organization that will eventually and ultimately carry us forward to a very large realization of our ideals. It is impossible to discuss workers education without at the same time thinking about our great American la- bor movement. The great need of the workers in every stage of our nation’s growth has been organization and there is not a working man or woman who properly appreciates the importance of x organization who does not know and understand that the primary require- ment now is organization of the workers. The success of our movement must depend upon organization and we shall go forward just in proportion as we or- ganize and mobilize the workers’ eco- nomic strength. Our great movement has been en- gaged in educational work since the be- ginning. Every trade union meeting place, every labor temple, every conven- tion hall, has been a school room to the membership of the American Fed- eration of Labor. There are many in our movement who secured all the edu- cation they possess, practically, in the trade union meeting places, in the labor temples, and in the conventions of the American Federation of Labor. Stirling is authority for the statement
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- rking men who were powerful in log- ic, who charmed with their eloquence, who were irresisitable in their powers of expression who developed their abil- ity to do these things in the trade union meeting places, the labor temple and the convention hall. American Federation of Labor, when it set up a great instrumentality that gave - to the workers the opportunity to devel- op their talents, their latent powers, _ their ability to do things in behalf of working men and women? <2 And I am glad, indeed, to note the development of our workers education - movement in many states where we are attempting to utilize every instrumen- tality that presents itself to educate the adult worker, the members of our great trade union movement. -. We do not wish to indoctrinate them, because the facts are they will not per- mit themselves to be indoctrinated. The worker has the power to think, and af- ter all, education means but the devel- opment of those mental and latent pow- ers possessed by every man and woman so that he can think and and analyze B -intellingently, and that is what educa- ‘3 tion really is—cultivation of the powers E. that nature placed inherent within the mind and soul and body of man. It is the purpose of Organized Labor to carry this movement—the educational move- ment—here, there and everywhere, util- izing the instrumentalities that we find at hand in order to develop the power of thought and mentality, and to cultivate Ke = ed ot Bi 4 the mind and heart of the working men a and women’ wherever they may be : _ found. 7 While we know that progress has 3 been slow, the difficulties have been great, surrounded by indifference on the one hand and opposition on the other, we are determined to go forward in this movement of equipping workers through education and acquiring of knowledge "so that they can be a greater, stronger, more influential force in our great eco- nomic movement. I am sorry to note that there are, in gome quarters, demands that some sort of a so-called progressive movement in Is not that a great tribute to the these new leaders ideals and hopes. I would not have referred to it except — that it appears to me as really amusing. It reminds me of the story of when the | pigmies went to war and when a flock of mice attacked tom cats. Now that seems to me to be about the situation, because if there are those who think ~ they could destroy this great movement, builded after more than half a century of experience, with all of its ramifica- — tions, its financial economic and collec- | tive strength, then it seems to me they show about as much judgment as the rabbit did when it spat in the face of the bulldog. \ - And in line with that thought it would — a beinconsistent and foolish forthe Ameri- can Federation of Labor to collect out of ~~ the pockets and purses of our humble — working men an@ women, many of them ‘ suffering from unemployment, per cap- é ita tax to support students going to an . institution that would teach that philos- ophy, and that would condemn and : flaunt the American Federation of c Labor. | We are engaged in preserving our movement, not in tearing it down. We are not blind. We are endeavoring to understand the trend of the times and while we concede to every institution the right to follow such academic poli- cies as it may outline and wish, we re- serve to ourselves the right to with- hold support, financial and otherwise, to an institution that would ridicule our philosophy, ignore it and condemn its leaders, and thus undermine the confid- ence that the rank and file should have in those who lead them. The American labor movement, can- not be destroyed. It is going to live. ' If you want to change its policies come to our conventions, bring your resolu- tions and present them and you will re- | ceive an answer as to whether or not the membership want a change. ee But it is my judgment that the ex- . perience of the past, the memory of the struggles of men and women to build their movement to where it now stands will be so influential that you will have to present with sound logic and irresist- s ible persuasion a better plan before the 2 Ameircan labor movement will accept it. | Regarding education, I repeat again, Z that we are deeply interested in work- 4 ers’ education, and we do not want to ~ restrict the workers in their examina- —
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= ¥ z ~~ y ee: ret = Pace em? - as ‘ ae a ¥ : > ad e r ' are, a tion of facts, but we want to carry to them every opportunity to equip them- selves with that power of knowledge so essential to success. So far as I am able to help it it will be helped. So far as I am able to raise - my voice in its behalf it will be raised. _ And on the other hand let no man de- THE CARPENTER ceive himself that when foes ‘gtlace us, let them be professing friends or open - foes coming in the light of day or the ~— darkness of night, whether in sheep’s or __ wolves’ clothing, the voice of the Amer- ican Federation of Labor will be raised and we will strike back whenever we need to do so. THE TOOLS (By H. H. Siegele.) d PART: FL | (Continued from September Issue.) ODAY, as in the very be- ginning of civilization, there is that ever-present something that makes men everywhere search for better tools, and when they find them they proceed to select those which they think will give them the greatest advantage. Never in the history of the world has there been such a large variety of tools to select from, as there are today. And never since civ- ilization began, were the best tools made better than they are today. The carpenter today, as we stated in the article preceding this one, does not need as many tools as the carpenter of thirty or forty years ago. The reason for this is that much of the work that the field carpenter used to do is now done by the mills, or with power wood- working machinery on the job or in the workshop. But whether these things are being done by the field carpenter, or whether they are done at the mills or in the workshop, the doing of them is always with tools. The only reason why the mills are doing more of this work now than they used to, they are equipped with better tools; tools that would hardly be practical for the field carpenter to own. The power woodworking machinery that many con- tractors take with them from job to job, in other words, tools. But we would not leave the impression with our reader that a carpenter today can get along with a little handful of tools—by no means. The carpenter of today is required to have quite a number of tools, although not as many as the ecar- penter of years ago needed. Here we might give a list of tools, somewhat at random. This list is not a complete list, but is given merely as a tentative list, _ for the benefit of our apprentice readers. is that. Saw, hammer, level, square, coping saw, hack saw, nail saw, block plane, butt gauge, lathing or shingling hat- chet, shingling gauge, hand axe, floor scraper, wrecking bar, steel tape, bevel square, try square, try-and-miter square, mortising gauge, three-foot rule, flat file, saw file,saw set,saw clamp, file handle, oil stone, oil can, burnisher, finger scraper, carpenter’s apron, scribes, nail set, car- penter chalk, chalk line, tin snips, set of bits, augur brace, gimlet, set of chis- els, screw driver, smoothing plane, jack plane, fore plane, jointer, dividers, sid- ing marker, clamps, grinder, gouge ply- ers, yankee drill, plugging chisel, scrub plane, rabbet plane, and a great many other tools not mentioned in this list. No apprentice should think that be- cause he owns a good set of tools, that it must follow that that will make a car- penter of him. The tools do have some- thing to do with a man’s ability to do good work, but the man himself must play his part well, else his tools will avail him little. Before a tool will give the best results, the user of it must learn how to use it. It is almost impos- sible for any one to learn to use a tool by instructions alone. Instructions are good, but they will prove to be great disappointments unless they are ac- companied with actual practice. In learning how to use his tools, the ap- prentice should cultivate the habit of. observing how the leaders among his earpenter associates use their tools. In this way he will soon learn how to han- dle his tools so they will not only give him good results, but the best attain- able results. But knowing how to use tools is not enough. Tools must be sharpened from time to time. And that is a matter that also can not be learned by instructions alone. Every apprentice learns early in 4 - : 7
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will do. The thing that he must learn on this point is just when to resharpen a tool, whether it is a saw, a chisel, a - floor scraper or some other tool. The best way to learn this is by experience and by observing how his older associ- ates do. Any apprentice, if he is fair and reasonable, will find that the older carpenters working on the job with him, are usually willing to give him help and advice, relative to matters of this kind. . .. And then the sharpening it- self should not be overlooked. There ‘A are many ways to sharpen tools, but 2 _ there are only a few good ways, and - only one best way, In learning how to ¢ sharpen tools, the best way should al- sways be kept uppermost in the mind. There is no danger of anyone going be- : yond this point; in fact, no one ever completely arrives at the best way to sharpen tools. The best way is always an ideal but it is a good goal to strive for. With the best as a goal, and earn- estly striving to reach it, one will come more nearly arriving at it, than he would otherwise. é Speaking about when to. sharpen 2 ie) + eg sire The danger is not that the apprentice will sharpen his tools too often, not as a rule; for the common experience is that apprentices as well as journeymen carpenters often do not sharpen their tools soon enough. Noth- ing can be gained, either for the con- tractor or for the carpenter himself, by working with tools that are sorely in need Of sharpening. As a matter of principle we believe that tools should be shapened on the contractor’s time, but at the same time, we believe that tools should be reasonably sharp on. bringing them onto a job. Again, we do not believe a carpenter is justified in stopping to — sharpen a tool just at a time when all © hands are needed to keep the work on | a job going smoothly. Tools should be ~~ sharpened at times when one can leave his place without seriously interfering with the progress of the job. There are | always such times and the wise car- penter picks them for his toolsharpening. Bright tools give better results than © rusty tools, but we do not want to be understood here as favoring the “bright tool’ fad, in which keeping tools bright is over-emphasized. What we mean is to keep the tools rust-free, and in a reas- — onable bright condition There are many circumstances that carpenters are oc- casionally placed under, that make it > almost impossible to keep their tools sprakling all the time. ‘All the tools sparkling all the time’’ is the fad we are not favoring. A serviceable brightness is what we are working for. Another fad we are not favoring - is” the ‘‘new tool” fad. The carpenter who is affiicted with this fad, usually car- ; ries with him every imaginable tool that a is, or ever has been, on the market. ' If a new tools comes out, he has it whether he needs it or not. He has a tool for almost every job, and, although he would not need so many tools, he must have his particular tool for every particular job, even though it takes him longer to find the tool, than it would take him to do the work with tools he has at hand. It is better to be able to do many things well with few tools, than to have many tools in order to do only a few things well. New tools are not always the best, neither are the best tools the best when they are new. ey. ay t Mo + Tie) IRS I * Sak f Le yy oe | Fas wt i van : ast ith Ay ae * j b’ ra Nie did Gre Vi Ma ch one PT ase ane ie ae T IS demonstrated on the 7G job every day that no man can expect to get very far as a builder, su- perintendent, foreman or contractor unless he has the technical, as well as the practical knowledge with which to succeed. = Practical knowledge is gained through _ experience; technical knowledge through study, investigation, research. _ VITAL FACTORS OF SUCCESS IN THE BUILDING : BUSINESS | | (By H. R. Bigelow, Director, Chicago Technical College. ) ae The foreman should understand the technical qualifications of his trade, and — the use of the necessary tools, equip- ment, records, materials, etc., that he may explain and demonstrate them to his men. He thus can handle these men + far better, gain their respect and loyal- ty, increase his own resourcefulness and me show definite results in the larger amount of work done. He should know how to express his leas by means of. a
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4 tail. am - drawing, - methods of employment and employ- perience. make a study of improved ment records. It has been the tradition of the indus- try that foremen came from the ranks of the highly skilled craftsmen, until recent years. But the demands of ex- panding building operations has com- pelled employers to promote many men whose practical training is not equal to ‘the grade of a few years ago. The op- portunities for the man who will pre- pare himself are self-evident. The superintendent, upon whose -shoulders rests the success or the fail- ure of the firm he is with, must natural- ly be still broader than the foreman. Undoubtedly the most important quality is practical knowledge—both practical and technical—of the various trades en- tering into the construction of buildings. No man in such an important posi- tion can depend entirely on his own ex- With the different types of construction, and the various kinds of materials in use,—the new and compli- cated problems arising in the various trades—the superintendent is soon left behind in knowledge and experience un- less he keeps abreast of improvements. Therefore, not only must a man ob- tain his education and training by ex- perience and observation in the practi- cal field but also by pursuing a course of technical and business’ training through some _ recognized _ technical source. The importance of this strikes home more forcibly when one realizes that a superintendent is the man who must make decisions, and on those de- cisions rests the question of carrying through a contract at a profit or a loss. In fact, whether we consider the mat- ter of succeeding in building from the viewpoint of the builder, the superin- tendent, the foreman or other execu- tive, there are certain factors essential to all. And in considering them we shall do so with the idea in mind that all are ambitious to reach the topmost posi- tions in industry including that enviable position of the successful builder. 2 » Building Confidence A builder (and I embrace here the superintendent and the foreman who are working to that end) may be a super-salesman, and have an uncanny knack for scaring up business and still He may find it impossible to de- THE CARPENTER velop a permanent, duanedaeul pishieas —if for any reason the suggestion of unfair methods or carelessness attaches | to his name. For the public is prone to | be suspicious. Where such a situation develops it is. frequently found that it Was caused through inattention to little details, or leaving things to be cared for by one | not familiar with the work or the sit- uation. But builders rate pretty high in matters of honesty insofar as actual dealings are concerned. It is the irre- sponsible, untrained builder who gener- ally causes trouble. Integrity Develops Clients Where a large building operation is concerned, the owner employs an archi- tect whose duty it is to watch the job as it progresses, and to see that the builder lives up to specifications. But the only protection the smaller building owner has is his confidence in the integ- rity of the builder. It is by far the best policy to be open and above board in your transactions. This does not mean you are to tell everyone about all your business, your profits, etc. Simply treat all with frank- ness and fairness, taking no mean ad- vantage. I have noticed that selfishness, unfairness, downright dishonesty may sometimes produce an apparent advan- tage, but never bring lasting success. And it is well to remember that a list of satisfied clients is one of the best advertisements you can have work- ing for you. The fact that you are able to refer to these clients is evidence in the minds of prospects that you can be trusted. This reputation for square dealing is the most valuable business asset a builder can have. Offering Suggestions Another method of creating confi- dence and good will is to offer sugges- tions regarding features of any plans that do not seem to work out as your client had expected. Bring the matter to the attention of the owner and present your suggestion for bettering the plan. Should there be an added cost involved, make this clear to the owner, and the reason for it. Should you be working from archi- tect’s plans and come across such a de- fect, don’t be satisfied with the thought that the architect is the one responsible. Ee - 7 ’ Wee * + \ ; 7 es Be bee a ee -_ a igek, of A ss endekdindaeeminsdameioen ee PS eee
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THE CARPENTER That fact may be forgotten by the owner when the building has been in use a short time and you will be given the discredit for any unsatisfactory con- struction. Futhermore, you in a sense owe this service to your customer. He may not see that certain limited hall dimensions are going to make it impossible to get large furniture through the front door, or that doors are going to interefere with one another if hung according to plans. That is your business. Point out these discrepancies and correct them wher- ever possible, but not until the owner knows and understands the details of such changes and approves them. This willingness to serve goes a long way in building success. -Resourcefulness In Building Problems When one considers the time, labor and material that can be saved by one who is resourceful in the use of newer ideas and economical methods, it is small wonder that this factor of re- sourcefulness is an important one in the success or failure of a builder. The ability to see ahead, to plan delivery of materials as needed, to be able to judge the most practical way of handling work—makes or loses money on the job. Thus the resourceful man is the money maker for any building job— taking advantage of every opportunity, thinking, planning, deciding ways and means for economical construction. The measure of this resourcefulness pos- sessed by a builder is a factor that helps determine the rapidity and measure of his success. Energy And Vitality There is probably no business or pro- fession that requires as much energy and vitality as building; they are vital factors in any success in this business for men and materials must be kept on the move. The men must be constantly spurred and inspired to further effort; materials must be kept coming to the job as fast as needed yet not in such surplus as to be in the way because of | lack of storage facilities. It is this ceaseless energy and vitality that con- stantly inspires the workmen to greater effort—-that moves. the work on to com- pletion. It is the motive force that radi- ates energy to all the men on the job and accomplishes feats impossible where this force is absent. « Personality A Big Asset Any building executive who has the personal ability to inspire confidence, attention and authority will have very little trouble in handling men. For per- sonality is not a matter of physical size so much as knowledge, self-confidence, authority and _ sincerity reflected in every action or order. Nothing gains the confidence of work- men more than the personality that is reflected in the definiteness with which orders are given, the knowledge of one’s business that is reflected in the specific instruction, and the fearless, unfalter- ing bearing of the man who relies on moral strength rather than bullying tactics. Closely related to this is the element of tact that is a natural trait with some men. It is the quality that enables a man to do or say just the right thing in the right way at the right time. It enables you to get others to do things without friction, and without necessar- ily making authority the controlling force. It requires tact to make men work together in harmony; in the distribu- tion of jobs it is tact that if often called for where an unpleasant task must be assigned. It is tact that enables you to criticize a piece of work, yet leaving the worker with the feeling that the criti- cism was just and fair. Anyone can say, ‘‘That’s certainly a bum piece of carpenter work,’’ but it is the part of wisdom and tact, to suggest that ‘“‘Don’t you think it might have looked a little better if you had placed those doors a little more to the right?’’ Tact succeeds where brute force fails. It gets things done pleasantly; it se- cures the favorable consideration of others where any degree of bull-dozing would simply antagonize. Many a suc- cess of a young builder or superinten- dent has been due in part to a cheerful, pleasant, tactful. manner in handling men rather than to any unusual ability shown in early years. Initiative Essential The builder who has initiative can ‘generally meet unusual situations suc- cessfully and wisely. For initiative is simply the ability to start things. And men everywhere look to the man who can start things. Initiative is the force
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that under the right conditions develops into inventive genius for it not only impels a man to start things but to keep things going. As_ problems. present themselves his mind is unconsciously at work developing new means of- getting THE CARPENTER onl around them. And as new ways of ac- complishing things present themselves his mind is quick to grasp the essential features and put them into effect, He not only starts things but keeps them going and finishes them. RESISTING ENCROACHMENTS IN THE LUMBE FIELD : By J. W. Simcoe. Z OTWITHSTANDING the >» fact that competition be- tween building material manufacturers is now at its keenest edge and in a great measure the new and novel materials introduced on the market to replace wood in the form of sash, doors, frames, flooring, cabinets, mouldings, etc., are having some meas- ure of success in making inroads upon wood, yet it is amazing to the interested observer the amount of lumber con- sumed in the City of New York, especial- ly in view of the fact that repeated and continued efforts have been made to eliminate lumber in various ways as a building material. .Apartment buildings are rapidly re- placing the one and two-family dwell- ings and three-story houses in greater New York. The palatial mansions of yesterday on Park and Fifth Avenues have been gradually making room for apartment buildings of ‘‘sky-scraper’’ proportions, housing hundreds of fam- ilies in one apartment building where formerly the space covered by the old residence was occupied in many in- stances by one family only. One cannot visualize the amount of hardwood and softwood lumber used in the construc- tion of the modern apartment building even though of so-called ‘‘fireproof’’ - construction, without paying a visit to a building of this type during its con- struction. In Manhattan a large percentage of new apartment buildings are more than six stories in height, therefore exterior walls and interior columns are required by the local code to be of masonry con- struction, fireproofed steel, or concrete with the fireproof floors. The concrete floor, however, serves as a base for wood sleepers, sub-floors and finished hardwood floors over the _ sub-floors. Trim, moulding, doors, sash, frames and finish are of wood; steel trim and doors, the exception. Kitchen cabinets, in most instances two cabinets to a kitchen, are all made of lumber and the mantel pieces over the fire places are of wood. Except in Manhattan borough, most of the new construction in greater New York is of four, five and six-story non- fireproof apartment buildings, and pre- dominates over the taller type. In such buildings the exterior walls are of ma- sonry construction with fire walls run- ning through the building, usually about 50 feet apart. In such buildings, however, wood joists, studs, furring and wood lath-are used almost entirely, plus doubled wood floors, wood sash, trim, moulding, etc. It is apparent that from the immense number and size of this type of building that greater New York consumes millions of feet of lumber annually. The recent fires in apartment build- ings in Bronx, Brooklyn and Queens have afforded the opportunity for the competitors of lumber who manufacture non-combustible building materials, to exploit their goods in perference to wood. Selective legislation has and is going to play a big part in determining the market limitations for all building materials and for wood in particular. Two. years ago an unsuccessful attempt was made to amend the New York State Tenement House Law by prohibiting the erection of frame dwelling in greater New York. In the 1929 session of the New York State Legislature a bill was introduced and passed permitting the installation of wood partitions in sprinklered fire- proof factory buildings. In 1899 an or- dinance was passed by the Board of Al-
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-dermen of New York City requiring _ “fireproofed’’ wood in all portions of fireproof buildings more than 150 feet in height. | In view of the fact that state legisla- tion and city building code ordinances specify what may and may not be used as building materials in the construc- tion of various types of buildings, it can readily be seen that the interests of the individual building material must be protected and there’ must be active exponents of their merits in order to combat selective legislation drawn THE AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR | HE American Federation of Labor is not a ‘‘union”’ in the accepted sense—it is a federation of unions, It has no power other than that given to it by national and _ international unions. These affiliates retain control of their internal affairs. They are sole judge of their wage scales, working con- ditions, etc. Hach has undisputed power to adjust industrial disputes in its re- spective jurisdiction and is protected from invasion by rival organizations. These national and _ international unions are the base of the American Federation of Labor. State and central bodies, composed of representatives of local affiliates of na- tional and international unions, are also part of the A. F. of L. as are Local Unions in trades and callings where no national union exists. The A. F. of L. binds this family of trade unions into a voluntary federation. It depends on agitation, education and organization to develop its viewpoints. It maintains inter-communication be- tween affiliates, and is in constant cor- respondence with a corps of organizers throughout the country. It guards the workers’ interests in the national Congress. It endorses and pro- tests in the name of labor. It has se- eured relief from burdensome laws and governmental bureaucracy. _ Annually it assembles the wage earn- THE CARPENTER 37 with a distinct animus toward. that ma- terial. ; . “~ Business lost in fair competition may be readily regained by increased sales ability and capacity and by advertising media, but business lost by legislation, not only establishes a precedent never to be subdued, but creates a public opin- ion, custom and practice which may never be overturned. Carpenters and all others depending | on the lumber industry for their liveli- hood must cooperate for the perpetua- tion of their business and their markets. ers in convention to exchange ideas and methods, to promote mutual intérests, to develop greater solidarity, to proclaim the workers’ burdens, aims and hopes. To adjust disputes by voluntary methods and to establish a better under- standing all round. It asks—yea, demands;—the co-oper- ation of all wage workers who accept the principle of unity, who believe there is something better in life than long hours, low wages, unemployment and all that these imply. , The trade unions reflect, in organized form, the best thought, activity and hopes of the wage workers. The trade unions. are exactly what the wage workers are, and can be made exactly what, wage workers may please to make them—active or sluggish; keen or dull; narrow or broad gauged, but just the same the trade union has proven to be the best protector of the workers’ interests. The trade union is a factor in all so- cial movements. It raises living stand-. ards and checks wage reductions. It . promotes fraternity and fosters temper- ance and liberality. Above all, the trade union is an edu- ) cational force. Its democracy is its dis- tinctive characteristic. It ignores sec- tionalism. It knows no creed, sex or race. The trade union invites all wage workers to unite for their protection and advancement. a
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( By Old Hickory ) My dear Friends: EFRESHED by our rest at the croquet court, where we are astounded by the skill displayed by some of the enthusiastic players, let us ‘“e now head towards the outside path of this beautiful playgrounds -—~ and stop at the fountain and get a drink of the ice cooled water \, that freely flows from a canopic covered bubbler. The inscription 4 tablet on it reads ‘‘Presented by the International Wood Workers and dedicated tothe Perpetuation ofthe United Brotherhood.’’ Thearchitecturallines are in keeping with the Main Building. It is a pentagon arched formation, standing about eleven feet high with ornamental cornice and cast stone shields in the pen- tagon panels. At the back is a stairway leading down to the North lawn. I am told the treatment is quite common in Europe and rightly so because the Inter- national Wood Workers is an International Organization, embracing the member- ship of all the Carpenters’ and Joiners’ Unions in the Old Countries. A more beau- tiful and useful monument presented with a genuine fraternal international spirit can be found nowhere else. We, who have the honor of quenching our thirst at it, wish to extend to our brothers across the sea our thanks and wish them good luck in their future undertakings. Before we pass out of.this recreational area, let us pause for a minute and read the names on the benches, far too numerous for me to mention! Names that ought to live green in the memory and history of - the Organization, for they made it possible for the great bulk of our membership to make the whoopee of the day. Now we are abreast the Water Tower! Here _I have to admit that I have never*seen a more pleasing way of taking care of the usually unsightly water tower. Its fine lines completely hide its usefulness. Inside is a steep stairway which takes you up about one hundred feet and then another steeper ladder takes you up the rest of the way. I am told that a club was formed at the last Convention by those who climbed up to the top and registered their names. The New Yorkers here claim that Alex Kelso is a member, while I hear the guys from Chicago say they are ready to bet that Tom Flynn went up, while others of us feel that neither of the two mentioned did it. It would be great if the two portly gentlemen could tell us the truth about it or buy the cigars and let us vouch for their membership. A hundred yards from the Tower is the Zoo. The first to meet us is Joe, a ring tail monkey. Joe is a friend with everyone and gives us all kinds of amusement. He is just full of monkey tricks. In the first cage are two Florida wild cats, fine specimens, but wild is their middle name. In the smaller cages, we find a very playful skunk, who is friendly to all except Ben, the Boss’s bloodhound, who has had to take a sand bath more than once. Next, are three fine looking foxes, as slick as can be, daily dreaming of some neighbor’s hen yard. In the next pen is a cute coon. Around the corner is a fine collection of snakes and vipers. We also have a pair of opossum and some day before long, we may have some more opossums. They are all well taken care of and we spend hours on end watching them do their stunts. Now let’s take the path for Lake Jessie May, and give the various trees the once over as we go. Right at the start, we run into fine specimens of Georgia Pine, standing about seventy-five feet high, with a trunk - about two feet in diameter. The trunks are straight and free from branches, bark a is rather smooth, thin scaled, the branches are coarse, thickly draped with Spanish Moss. The wood is extremely hard and resinous. The needles are extremely long and grow in clusters. The cones are about six to ten inches long, both needles and cones are ornamental. This is the pine which has furnished the bulk of our commercial rosin and turpentine. Near by is a fine setting of ‘‘Live’’ oak. To my mind it is like Spanish Oak, standing about fifty to eighty feet high. The trunk diameter is from two to three feet. The bark is dark, roughly seamed. The. | branches spread. The leaves are dull, dark green. The cone is small, the wood is a. Home Notes, Lakeland, Fla. |
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run about two feet in diameter, branches form an irregular topped tree. The THE CARPENTER | —— savy, hard, strong and coarse grained. Looking to our right, we can see clusters of red and swamp bay. The red bay grows about fifty to seventy feet high. Trunks evergreen leaves are bluntly elliptical, with a pale shade of green beneath and are | aromatic when bruised. The flowers are beautiful and shade off in pale yellow to : a creamy white. The wood is hard, close grained. The color varies from a bright mahogany to a lighter terra cotta: The swamp species is about the same as the red, only stunted in size and the flower is smaller. The next type that strikes our | eye, is a setting of magnolias, ranging from forty to sixty feet high. The trunks | run from sixteen to twenty inches in diameter. The bark is a light grey, shallowly scored. The scales are thin. The leaves are extremely long, a sort of heart shape, blunt at the top, deep green in color, clustered at the end of the branches. The flowers are like a wide open bell and are sometimes eight inches in diameter, creamy white, with magenta pink stain at the base of the six blunt petals. They bloom here in May. They are.surely a pretty tree. The wood is light brown, hard and close grained. Here and there, we notice clumps of Dogwood, Black Gum, | Colommy Agaleg, Sand Myrtle and lots of others I have not yet found what they are. At last we have arrived at Lake Jessie May, God’s natural garden. Let us go over the rustic bridge to the rustic shelter, built on a Black Gum tree that is growing in the water. The bridge is carried on a level from the bank of the lake, and lands us about four feet above the water level. Everywhere we look, we see a typical Florida semi-tropical setting. Wild flowers bloom with fragrant profusion. The more common are Wake Robin, Fringed Gentlen, Daily Lilly, Smooth Rose, Lady Slipper, Marsh Marigold, Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Wild Phlox as well as countless others I don’t know the names of. Ferns of all descriptions. Towards the water edge, are Bulrushes, Willows, Water Oaks, Cypress and Bamboo. Let us rest awhile and watch the bass jump or let us feed the fish. It is amusing to watch the shiners grab the food from the slow moving brim. How they all scurry away when an alligator turtle puts in his appearance. Of all the species of turtles I think this fellow has the most frightful looking head. We often see the soft shell Kutter go after the tad-pole. On the shore line, we see the slow poke working around the edges, the gannet fishing in about six inches of water. The majestic heron stand- ing with his eyes closed, but it is just too bad for the poor minnows who come along within reach of that long neck. Just watch the king fisher, he never loses what he goes after. The White Chinese Ducks go from place to place in their hunt for choice delicacies from the water sogged banks. The squirrels come and go to their favorite drinking place. It is not an uncommon sight to see a covey of quail drink, bath and rest on the banks of this sanctuary. It seems to be the rendezvous of the plovers, cardinals, red tangers, blue jays, yellow hammers, woodpeckers, Orioles, brown thrashers, weavers, Carolina chuckooes, yellow back wobblers, nightin- gales, mocking, humming, and cat bird. They are all here by the hundreds. The rabbits frisk about seemingly unafraid of any danger. The common insects are the giant water bug, dragon fly, sphinx moth, grass hopper, admirable butterfly, tiger moth, swallow-tail butterfly, locust and sweet bug. . Now let us go to.the rustic well and get a drink of mineral water. I am told this is the well that was used by the United States Soldiers when they built Fort Gibson during the expedition against the Seminole Indians. Now let us watch the sunset sink in the west and the shades of night start to put the gorgeous coloring in this magic-like enchantment. Now let’s head back through the man made beauty and see the settings of royal poinciana, camphora, punk, hibiscus, oleander, guava, banana, surinam, cherry, allamando, cherokee rose, hydrangea, azalia, century plants. Among the palms are fine specimens of Canary Islands, leaning California fan, plumy cocoanut, blue cocoanut, cabbage palmetto, sago, pigmy date, European fan, golden feather. There are eighteen different species of rubber trees, with countless other vines and flowering shrubs I don’t know the name of. May God spare us all to see them in their maturity. Now, Folks, I have taken you ’round the building, I have tried in my way to tell you all about this wonderful fairyland and get you to join with me in asking for health and perpetual peace for our ~- aga who have been so ea for our comfort.
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ere’s enough ¢: every carpe Now “DOUBLE-THI, CELOTE? This stronger th Celotex with its ext sulation value ma Build comfortable new rooms — ideal material for out of wasted attic space roofs and building 3 walls and ceilings. Here are two large rooms built in the at- boards measure “y tic of Harry Lyons in Belmar, New Jer- — from 7’ to 12” lon: sey, with walls and ceilings of Celotez. 7-8” thick. The attractive color of Celotex and its . delicate fibrous texture make a decorative and inexpensive interior finish,
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4 : Bre: aio 4 F ‘a work to keep pr busy for months ‘es Celotex national ailvertinemesite in every city and town are selling home owners on remod- eling their attics —on lining roofs, base- ments, garages with cane-fibre insulation. ial OME owners are getting ready : for winter. Now is the time’to remodel wasted attic space into warm, pleasant rooms—to line. roofs with Celotex and stop leakeage of furnace - heat—to insulate garages so that cars won't freeze—to protect basements from cold and dampness. The Celotex Company is making a concentrated drive in all its’ national advertising and promotional work to develop repair and remodeling work through the fall months—to promote thousands of these profitable extra jobs for carpenters everywhere. You can easily cash in on_ this chance to make more money with Celotex. For home owners know that this cane-fibre insulation shuts out winter cold and summer heat—saves hundreds of dollars n fuel bills. And Celotex is especial- ly effective in repair and structural strength to remodel work. It builds as well as insulates—adds roofs—makes tight and permanent walls and ceilings. Celotex is the on/y insulation made from the long, tough fibres of cane. It comes in big, strong boards 4’ wide, from 7’ to 12’ long, and 7-16” thick, or “double-thick” measuring 7-8 of an inch. You'll find it easy to handle— easy to apply. Go after repair and remodel work this fall. Take full. advantage of the nation wide interest in insulation and the general preference for Celotex. Write to us for further information on the opportunities that cane-fibre in- sulation offers you. THE CELOTEX COMPANY 919 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois Millis: New Orleans, La. Branch Sales Offices in many principal cities (See telephone books for addresses) Sales Distributors throughout the World In Canada: Alexander Murray & Co., Ltd., Montreal Reliable Dealers Can Supply Celotex Standard Building Board BRAND icker The word ra in- CELOTEX S: ‘an. (Reg. U. S. Pat. Off.) ining is the — of and indicates manufacture by The Celotex Company, Chicago, Til. * attic The wide, * and CELOTE INSULATING CANE BOARD
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‘one of those sweet young stenographers and work. I am going to number your answers so I can refer to a number in a previous Carpenter if your question as already been answered. 4% To the Brother in Philadelphia.: My answer to you is the same as I gave to my Montreal friend in last month’s Car- penter. * % ** 7. To the Brother in Manchester, N. #H.: The low altitude is good for your “Heart Trouble.’ * *k * 8. To the Brother in Hackensack, N. J.: I eannot answer your question, but to date I have not heard of anyone wanting to go back home. I presume I can quit if I do not like it. I think you ought to ask your question of General President Hutcheson, he will know. aes : > ee 7 9. To the Brother in New Orleans. I do not want to go into the merits of a pension, but let me say if I had the choice of a pension of ten dollars ($10.00) a week, I would not take it in preference to the comforts of this Home. * * k eGantiss at oy? ie 2) BADR sae ds ay a bo ele ti a ee - 10. To the Brother in Jamestown.: Go or write your Local Union, they will fill out the application and take you to see their doctor; then they will send the a application to Indianapolis, and if you = are as young as you say you are with _ thirty-three years of membership, I will __ be shaking your hand pretty soon. “ 11. To my friend in St. Louis.: Go 2 to Linderman or see my friend Bill Williams, if he is at home. They will tell you all about it. eS , ae ces 3 Hurrah! we are going to get moving pictures every Thursday night now. . Pleasant Sunday afternoons are being ae spent in the auditorium. with the Bible Class of the First Baptist Church, the Methodist Men’s Class and the Bible _ Class of the Christian Church. We had a visit from Father John, rector of St. Leo College, a very pleasant and con- poe gentleman. to answer all letters and to save time a eT ee torium was overflowing with our friends aa I understand Pastor McDowell was the — minister who said the prayers at the dedication of the building. *® * bo Our birthday cakes are getting big- __ ger all the time and we had an oppor- tunity to wish Brothers Bush and Her- man long life and happiness. -- Ie At last we have a Brother who has never been a common carpenter, al- — ways in charge of work. Thank God Old Hickory and a few of his friends seem to be all the real working carpen- ters here. * «*« * The fishermen are still pulling them ~— out. The Boss had seventy-five hundred ; young bass put in the lake a few days ago which will be some job after a bit. K * *k eer Among the letters Old Hickory got = last month, was. one from W. H. Cole ie of Local Union 283, who tells me that E he has been bed ridden six years. Bro- ther Cole, you are right about what is going on here, we are enjoying it very much and it is the wish of us all that you may be restored to health soon; so here is hoping that your long road will take a turn soon. * °k * By the time you are reading this, Christmas will be about six weeks away, so just think my Buddies, how your ; folks would like to be remembered at / Christmas by you. Po % ok Our Manager presented us with, a big, morocco bound, Holy Bible. Our loss is the active membership’s gain. sotiaeaenigseminenpes actestenieen ly cmetrtenapeesineanieeeenstoees If you are disappointed with your lot, z put it in the hands of a real estate agent. ee ae Time is the one thing that can never be retrieved. One may lose and regain. a friend; one may lose and regain © money; opportunity once spurned may | come again; but the hours that are | lost in idleness can never be brought — back to be used in gainful pursuits.
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ee res eee Key Ae ge ar, Pe eee van. pDaewig. 2” = oe, ae -: rig * = Pea — ~ ca . a . > 7 x 4 — - 4 wa THE CARPENTER Official Journal of THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD OF CARPENTERS AND JOINERS OF AMERICA Published on the 15th of each month at the CARPENTERS’ BUILDING Indianapolis, Ind. . UNITED BROTHERHOOD OF CARPENTERS AND JOINERS OF AMERICA, PUBLISHERS FRANK DUFFY, Editor - SUBSCRIPTION PRICE One Dollar a Year in Advance, Postpaid The publishers and the advertising agent use every possible precaution avail- able to them against accepting advertise- ments from other than reliable firms, but do not accept any responsibility for the contents of any advertisement which ap= pears in “The Carpenter.” Should any deception be practiced by advertisers at any. time, upon members, their duty is to immediately notify the Post Office au- thorities. Therefore, address any com-= plaints to your local Post Office. INDIANAPOLIS, OCTOBER, 1929 The Pension Should Be Paid not to exceed $15.00 per month to those who do not wish to take advantage of the Home, but strange to say we have no funds to meet this liabil- ity. The General Officers, General Ex- W* have a law to pay a Pension ecutive Board and General Convention have done their part in placing this matter clearly and plainly before our entire membership, but when the last referendum vote was taken on an in- creased per capita tax to pay the Pen- sion it did not carry, and under date of January 8, 1929, General President Hutcheson by circular letter notified all Local Unions that— ; “In the recent referendum vote by the membership on proposed rial amendments to the General Consti- tution, the fifteen (15c) cents in- crease in per capita tax for. the Home and Pension Fund did not receive the necessary two-thirds vote and therefore does not become effective, and for that reason we will be unable to start paying Pen- sions in April, 1929; however, the Home is ready to receive occu- pants, and we are, as per the rec- ommendation of the convention, now ready to receive members eli- gible to admission.”’ Since that time applications have been made for the Pension, but. we had to tell the applicants that we did: not have. funds for that purpose. In the meantime many inquiries have been made as to what should or could be done in order to pay the Pension, to which. we replied that it was now @ matter for our Local Unions to decide. Local Union No. 58, Chicago IIl., realizing the predicament the Brother- hood was placed in, made a proposition to increase the per capita tax twenty- five (25c) cents per member per month so that our old members could be taken care of through a Pension. That propo- sition is now before our membership for vote and hope it will carry. You are aware of the fact that when aman now reaches the age of forty-five his services are no longer required. We always thought, and do so now, that.at that age he is just in his prime and is good for at least twenty years more, so we set the age limit to be entitled to the Pension at sixty-five. This was not done on the spur of the moment, nor, without mature consideration. A few years ago, under instructions of the General Executive Board, we asked'our Local Unions for a list of their mem- bers entitled to go to the Home or re- ceive the Pension, but we are sorry to say that half of them did not give us - this information. Some said they were © not organized long enough and there- fore did not have any members entitled to either the Home or the Pension, but
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evi e DEE OAR PEN TBR c05 000 oo ey forgot that they admitted old-time - members on clearance cards who were entitled to either one or the other of these benefits, and we were therefore at a loss how to figure correctly. However, _ the information sent us was placed be- _ fore our General Executive Board so as that body might have some data, in- complete though it was, to work on. We realize that when the Pension System is in effect, all members entitled to it will ask for it and it is therefore necessary that the per capita tax to the F General Office be increased twenty-five cents per member per month in order _ to be able to meet our obligations. We always felt that this sum would be Bt: - necessary, but it was thought at our last a Convention, after all the information on hand had been considered, that the Pension could be paid on a smaller in- crease in the per capita tax. However, that was defeated by referendum vote and we have since been told on more than one occasion that the reason for its defeat was that it was not considered enough to pay a Pension of $15.00 per month. We want to be in a position to pay the Pension as proposed, and to do this the proposition of Local Union No. 58 of Chicago, Ill. should be carried. a Government Announces New Building Policy | \HE Treasury Department recently a announced a new policy for the 2 construction of post offices and 3 other buildings under its jurisdiction. is The old system of awarding the me- chanical equipment to a separate con- tractor has been abandoned and in the future the entire structure will be placed in charge of one contractor. Me- chanical equipment comprises plumb- _ing, sheet metal work, steam fitting and electrical work. Secretary William J. Spencer, of the | Building Trades Department comment- ed favorably on this announcement as follows: te “The new system will tend to elim- --—s inate disputes on these buildings. “Heretofore non-union contractors for mechanical equipment on a union. : _ job employed unorganized, cheap la- bor that was used to lower living standards. “The reapongitility ; for” 4 condition has often been hard to - Under the new system the worke know who is responsible because t one contractor will be union or. no: union. aa a We “The question of unionism or non-_ unionism was given no consideration.” — 2) Building and Loan Associations, An Important Factor In Building, Continue To Grow : COMPILATION of building and A loan associations in the United : States with assets exceeding $10,-_ | 000,000 on December 1, 1928 has re-. cently been made by H. T. Cellarius, | secretary of the U. S. League of Build- ing and Loan Associations. The results make an_ interesting showing. There are now two associa- tions with assets exceeding $50,000,- 000; there are four in the $40,000,000 class; six in the $30,000,000 class and 59 having assets between $10,000,000 and $20,000,000. The announcement that there are 86 building and loan associations with as- sets of $10,000,000 or more is an indi- eation of healthy growth throughout the movement. There are literally thousands of associations that during the past three or four years have stepped up into the million dollar class and the number of $10,000,000 associ- ations can be expected to increase at an accelerated rate. Building and loan has become a real business and is one of the main arteries of finance in the building industry. oo Make your word the same as written. contract. It saves you the trouble of writing the contract. By always keeping your word you es- tablish your credit. When your word is no good your credit isn’t any better. ok ok ok When you say something let it be edu- Z eative and constructive. a cl a Envy is useless waste of mental vive. tality.
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af. De , a de Gis aes: *. | Bad spat edt. © wn ‘gt EUR RINE ee PR eon en PR Pt en ’ gi Rola a Pai ee ald OE AOE ON ON es : GENERAL OFFICERS Of THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD Of CARPENTERS AND JOINERS OF AMERICA GENERAL OFFICE . Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. GENERAL PRESIDENT WM. L. HUTCHESON Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. First GENERAL VICE-PRESIDENT GEORGE H. LAKEY Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. SECOND GENERAL VICE-PRESIDENT JAMES M. GAULD Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. GENERAL SECRETARY FRANK DUFFY Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. GENERAL TREASURER THOMAS NEALE Carpenters’ Building, Indianapolis, Ind. GENERAL EXECUTIVE BOARD First District, T. M. GUERIN 290 Second Ave., Troy, N. Y. Second District, W. T. ALLEN 3832 N. Gratz St., Philadelphia, Pa. Third District, HARRY SCHWARZER 1200 Brockley Ave., Lakewood, O. Fourth District, JAMES P. OGLETRED 106 E. Plymouth St., Tampa, Fla. Fifth District, J. W. WILLIAMS 3948 S. Grand Blvd., St Louis, Mo. Sixth District, A. W. MUIR 200 Guerrero St., San Francisco, Cal. Seventh District, ARTHUR MARTEL 1712 Chambord St., Montreal, Que., Can. WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman FRANK DUFFY, Secretary All correspondence for the General Executive . Be: Board must be sent to the General Secretary. NOTICE TO RECORDING SECRETARIES The quarterly circular for the months of October, November, and December, containing the quarterly Password, has been forwarded to all Local Unions of the United Brotherhood. Six blanks have been forwaded for the Financial Sec- retary, three of which are to be used for the reports to the General Office, for the months of October, November and De- cember, the extra ones are to be filled out in duplicate and kept on file for fu- ture reference. Enclosed also are six blanks for the Treasurer, to be used in transmitting money to the General Of- fice. Recording Secretaries not in re- ceipt of this circular should immediate- ly notify the Genera! Secretary, Frank Duffy, Carpenters’ Building, Pane olis, Indiana. _—_——_— Qo. NOTICE The statistics and other useful infor- mation which usually appears in the October issue will appear in the Novem- ber issue of our Journal. Therefore next month’s issue, November, will be our annual reference number. —— Travelling Members, Attention The amount of work in and around Atlantic City, N. J. is being exagger- ated advises the Atlantic County Dis- trict Council. A large number of men are idle insuring a sufficient number to take care of all work that will be avail- able. Give this locality a wide berth. oo 3 oo The Lower Anthracite District Coun- cil, Pa. advises that work in that local- ity is very slack, and working condi- tions are far from good. All travelling members are therefore requested to give that locality a wide berth. Co % % Work is slack in San Diego, Cal., ad- vises the San Diego District Council. Many men are idle and conditions and oe +X aa Se eS SIN AS ar, et Sr — res . . ny a DT a ae % et ee ee Spee oe. S Figo we —— ae rl ee oe i* wae} Ne
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iva THE CARPENTER future prospects aren’t very bright. All carpenters are requested to steer clear | of that locality. %* * * There are more men than jobs in Evansville, Ind., advises Rec. Sec. George F. Bridges, L. U. No. 90. Travel- ling members are therefore requested to give that locality a wide berth. k * * No work in Coshocton, Ohio advises Rec. Sec. John McCann, L. U. No. 525. Many men are idle so steer clear of that locality. xe &* * There are entirely too many carpen- ters in Miami, Fla., advises Rec. Sec. R. G. Holloran, L. U. No. 993, conse- quently work cannot be provided for all of them. Any more coming into the district will only work a further hard- ship. All carpenters are urgently re- quested to steer clear of Miami, Fla. until further notice. * * * All carpenters are requested to steer clear of Yonkers, N. Y. Rec. Sec. Sam- uel Briggs L. U. No. 273 and 2177 ad- vises that scores of men have been idle all summer and future prospects are far from encouraging. Give that vicinity a wide berth. ————- Quarterly Proceedings Of The General Executive Board 1929 Since the previous session of the General Ex- ecutive Board the following trade movements have been acted upon. April 8, 1929. Beloit, Wis., L. U’ 926.Movement for the 44- hour work week, effective June 15, 1929. Offi- cial sanction granted. April 17, 1929. Elkhart, Ind., L. U. 565.—Movement for an in- crease in wages from $1.00 to $1.05 per hour, effective May 14, 1929. Official sanction granted. . April 29, 1929. Sayre, Pa., L. U. 145.—Movement for the 44- hour work week, effective July 1, 1929. Official sanction granted. Port Angeles, for an increase in wages from S7aC to $1.00 per hour, effective July 1, 1929. Official sanc- tion granted. May 1, 1929. Stevens Point, Wis., L. U. 1919.—Movement for an increase in wages from 75c to 85c per hour, effective July 1, 1929. Official sanction granted. ; May 38, 1929. Northampton, Mass., L. U. 351.—Movement for an increase in wages from $1.00 to $1. 12¢ ‘per hour and’ the 40-hour work week, e¢ July 1, 1929. Official sanction grantec cial aid to be considered later, in such sw the funds will warrant, as reports are received at the G. O. May 6, 1929. | Silver Creek, N. Y., L. U. 2414.—Movement for an increase in wages from 85c to $1.00 per hour, effective July 1, 1929. Official sanction granted. May 10, 1929. Bastrop, La., L. U. 1346.—Movement for an increase in wages from 75c to $1.00 per hour and the 44-hour week, effective August 1, 1929. Official sanction granted. May 23, 1929. Framingham, Mass., L. U. 860.—Movement for an increase in wages from $1.10 to $1.25 per hour and the 40-hour work week, effective August 1, 1929. Official sanction granted; fi- nancial aid to be considered later, in such sums as the funds will warrant, as reports are received at the G. O. May 28, 1929. Lorain, Ohio, L. U. 705.—Movement for. an increase in wages from $1.174 to $1.25 per hour and the 40-hour’ work week, effective June 13, 1929. Official sanction granted. May 31, 1929. Tri-City D. C., Salamanca, N. ¥.—Movement for an increase in wages from $1.00 to $1.10 per hour, effective July 1, 1929. Official sanc- tion granted. June 6, 1929. Marietta, Ohio, L. U. 356.—Movement for the the 44-hour work week, effective June 23, 1929. Official sanction granted. Westfield, N. Y., L. U. 2166.—Movement for Saturday half holiday, effective July 6, 1929. Official sanction granted. June 10, 1929. Laconia, N. H., L. U. 1247.—Movement for an increase in wages from 80c to $1.00 per hour, effective July 15, 1929. Official sanction granted. June 21, 1929. Holdenville, Okla., L. U. for an increase in wages from $1.00 to $1.124 per hour, effective September 1, 1929. Official sanction granted. : June 24, 1929. Big Springs, Texas, L. U. 16384.—Movement for the 44-hour work week, effective July 15, 1929. Official sanction granted. July 11, 1929. Tyler, Texas, L. U. 1104.—Movement for an increase in wages from 874% to $1.00 per hour, effective September 1, 1929. Official sanction granted. July 15, 1929. Oxford, Ohio, L. U. 1842.—Movement for an increase in wages from $1.00 to $1.26%4 per hour, effective September 15, 1929. Official sanction granted. July 17, 1929. Xenia, Ohio, L. U. 2408.—Movement for an increase in wages from 90c to $1.00 per hour, effective September 1, 1929. Official sanction granted. . July 26, 1929. New Braunfels, Tex:, L. U. 1701. —Movement for an increase in wages from gi pe Stkc @
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3 effective Betis 1, 1929. Official sanc- tion granted; financial aid to be considered later, in such sums as the funds will warrant, : as reports are received at the G. O. August 2, 1929. - Glen Cove, N. Y., L. U. 1093.—Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to $1.65 per ee hour, effective August 24, 1929. Official sanc- tion granted. = Otisville, N. Y., L. U. 1041.-Movement for — an increase in wages from 85c to $1.00 per : hour, effective October 15, 1929. Official sanc- tion granted. September 10, 1929. The regular quarterly session was called to order on the above date. General President Hutcheson reported that First General Vice-President, John T. Cosgrove - on aceount of his physical condition tendered his resignation to take effect August 31, 1929 and same was accepted by the’ General lea tive Board with regrets. The General President also reported that in accordance with the provisions of the General Constiution; Second General Vice-President, George H. Lakey Became First General Vice- President, also that he had appointed Brother James M. Gauld of Boston, Mass. as Second General Vice-President. The appointment was confirmed by the G. E. B. The application of Arthur McNeil, L. U. 438, Hartford, Conn. for admission to the Home was disapproved for the reason he has held but 25 years membership. The application of John Meagac Campbell, L. U. 302, Huntington, W. Va. for admission to the Home was disapproved, having held but 21 years membership. The application of Patrick Cain, L. U. 64, Louisvlle, Ky. was approved. Application of Thomas Jefferson Rogers, L. U. 160, Philadelphia, Pa. was approved. Applications of members for admission to the Home referred by the General President to the Board Members of the various districts for in- vestigation were reported on and the recom- mendations concurred ri Enid, Okla., L. U. increase in wages from_ $1. 00 to $1.12% per hour, effective January 1, 1930. Official sanc- tion granted. Wakefield, R. I., L. U. 810.—Movement for an increase in wages from 874c to $1.01 per hour, effective September 30, 1929. Official sanction granted ; financial aid to be considered later, in such sums as the funds will warrant, as reports are received at the G. O. Smithtown, N. Y., L. U. 1167.—Movement for the 5-day work week, effective September 28, 1929. Official sanction granted. A full accounting was received from the fol- lowing Local Union and District Councls for the expenditure of appropriations made for relief of members on strike or locked out. L. U. 948, Sioux City, Iowa..... $ 774.00 New York, N. Y., District Council 1,015.50 Kansas City, Mo., District Council 117.00 PNR eee We Tey Ue Pe eee Uw Tyee ARE ws ; R Ba a — a ae * The report of ‘the Delegates to the Interna- _ tional Union of Wood Workers Congress was - s Peeetved and referred to the General Secretary Se ae es : 3 Ke * 9 Se > PA re SS et > - J Pee oe ee on Se wap ee oy Opes Bel cg ear ts Ohh ew a atl Seals Scat ty lg THE CARPENTER United States Fidelity and yer es = Cem Bond of $20,000.00 on General Secretary. 258 Frank Duffy was received and referred to the General President for safe keeping. Consideration was given the request of L. U. 8, Philadelphia, Pa. to erect a National Memor- ~ ial in honor of the late P. J. McGuire the ~ founder of our Brotherhood and the Father of Labor Day. The Board has no objections to — L. U. 8, solicting voluntary subsciptions for . : that purpose. ss As it is generally known that some ores Sey tions affiliated with the American Federation of Labor do not pay tax on their full member- ship, and as it is also generally known that the balance of the tax is either cancelled, remitted vere or paid by the Executive Council of the Ameri- can Federation of Labor, and these organiza- tions are given full voting power at the Con- - | ventions of the American ‘Federation of Labor, — the General Secretary is herewith directed and instructed to only pay tax in the same propor- =. tion as the organizations hereinbefore re- ~~ ferred to. _ He is further directed to demand that we be given full voting strength in the forthcoming Convention of the American Federation of La- See bor at Toronto, Canada, and all future conven- % tions. = Relative to the affiliation of the United Bro- therhood with the Building Trades Department of the A. F. of L. the General Executive Board demands of the Building. Trades Department to notify all Local Building Trades Councils at once to unseat all trades not eligible in the Building Trades Department nationally, and to see that all Local Building Trades Councils un- seat the representatives of Locals of organiza- tions not eligible to affiliate with the Building Trades Department by January 1, 1930, other- wise our per capita tax to said department shall cease. vt ee ee September 11, 1929. The regular quartely audit of books and ac- counts was taken up at this time and continued throughout the day. | September 12, 1929. Audit of books and accounts continued. Mr. John W. Simcoe and Mr. Westover repre- sentatives of the National Lumber Manufactur- - ers’ Association apeared before the General Ex- > ecutive Board for the purpose of getting the cooperation of our members to further the use of lumber in building construction and asked for the assistance of our members to prevent the enactment of city ordinances prohibiting the use of lumber in buildings. . September 13, 1929. President Green of the A. F. of L. being in Indianapolis on business paid the General Ex- ecutive Board a fraternal visit; wished the or- ganization success, complimented the United . Brotherhood on its progress and advancement and discussed present conditions in the labor movement, The proposition of L. U. 58, Chicago, IIl., to increase the per capita tax 25c per member, per month for the Home and Pension Fund, * beginning January 1, 1980 was ordered submit- cee ted to referendum vote of our membership. oe Rochester, N. H., L. U. 917.—Movement for an increase in wages from 75c to 85e per hour, _ effective January 1, 1930. Official sancton granted. ; - es
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ienera): President reported that the fol- wing requests were made on him for appro- ‘iations for organizing purposes and after in- estigation of each case he submits them to e General Executive Board for the consider- pecs. N of $1,000.00 for organizing pur- es. Denied. ‘an ‘appropriation of $500.00 for the payment of a Business Agent and organizing purposes. De- nied. Monongahela Valley D. C., Charleroi Pa.— Request for an appropriation of $800.00 for or- ganizing purposes. Denied. - ‘Wyoming Valley, D. C., Wilkes-Barre, Pa.— _ Request for an appropriation of $500.00 for or- -- ganizing purposes. Denied. ee as Fort Smith, Ark.,“L. U. 71.—An appropria- _ tion of $500.00 was made to be expended for = organizing work under the supervision of the a General President. --—s New York Furniture Workers, District Coun- -__— eil.—Movement for the 40-hour work week, ef- fective September 1, 1929. Inasmuch as our _. laws have not been complied with the G. EH. B. disapproved the schedule. Appeal of L. U. 762, Quincy, Mass. from the decision of the G. P. in the case of L. U. 762 - ys., A. L. Baker and D. F.. MeNiel. The deci- sion of the G. P. was sustained on grounds set forth therein and the appeal dismissed. Appeal of H. Rubin, L. U. 1782 from the de- a cision of the G. P. in the case of H. Rubin vs. » L. U. 1782. The decision of the G. P. was sus- ee : tained on grounds set forth therein and appeal y _, dismissed. oe Appeal of Nathan Seaser, L. U. 1782 from the decision of the G. P. in the case of Nathan os Seaser vs. L. U. 1782. The decision of the G. #—. was sustained on grounds set forth therein a and appeal dismissed. Appeal of Abe Pomerantz, L. U. 1782 from the decision of the G. P. in the case of Abe Pomerantz vs. L. U. 1782. aa G. P. was sustained on grounds set forth Pe therein and appeal dismissed. , Appeal of August Danielson from the deci- “ sion of the G. P. in the case of August Daniel- | son vs. L. U. 246. The decision of the G. P. = was sustained on grounds set forth therein and 7) appeal dismissed. _-—s Appeal of K. J. Larson, et. al., from the de- cision of the G. P. in the case of K. J. Larson et. al., vs. L. U. 131. The decision of the G. -P. was sustained on grounds set forth therein and appeal dismissed. Audit of the books and accounts continued. ae : September 16, 1929. - Audits of books and accounts continued. September 17, 1929. Audit of books and accounts continued. Globe, Arizona, L. U. 1030.—Movement ‘for ‘an increase in wages from $1.00 to $1.124 per hour and the 44-hour work week, effective De- - ¢ember 1, 1929. Official sanction granted. - The action of the General President in the - consolidation of Local Unions, 1086 and 690, Little Rock, Ark. was approved. a Shag of the Westchester <Gboaty, N. ¥. D. The decision of the. ~ +3 aes: cts 8 pe x en Aa eas Sn John Berg, L. U. 257 New York ity Arlund, L. U. 787, New York Ci ‘Westchester Co. D. C., cannot be cons de the G. E. B. until the Westchester Coun C., complies wth the orders of the G. P. return the fine. Appeal of L. U. 1325, Edmonton, Alta., dered ‘paid. A communication received from the District Council of Washington, D. C., Alexandria, € Va. and vicinity relative to the use of Lum- ber in buildings being built by the Govern- — ment was referred to the General Secretary for Ha reply. . see September 18, 1929. gis a a Audit of books and accounts completed. © ae DuQuoin, Ill., L. U. 510.—Movement for the: 44-hour work " week, effective November 16, ’ 1929. Official sanction granted. ne Complaints against A. W. Muir, Member of the General Eexcutive Board from the sixth — district by certain members of suspended Local Union No. 1692, Los Angeles, Cal. could not be — ; considered by the Board as the complainants are not now members of a Local Union of the © United Brotherhood. 1 The following report was received from the sub-committee of the G. E. B. ‘‘September17, 1929. We the undersigned Sub-Committee of the General Executive Board, have made an audit of the Dominion of Canada Bonds, the United States Bonds, the Certificates of Deposit, Post Wy! dM Office Receipts, and statement of Deposit from =| the Union Trust Company of Cleveland, Ohio, held by General Treasurer, Thomas Neale in ~ the vault of the Indiana National Bank, and find the following: a 20 Fourth Liberty Loan Bonds abel 5 ee en Ae a ee eB $10,000.00 43% Interest..... $ 200,000.00 10 Fourth Liberty Loan Bonds Reg. $10,000.00 43% Interest..... 100,000.00 3 Fourth Liberty Loan Bonds $500.00 43% Interest........ 1,500.00 100 Dominion of Canada Bonds 4 $1,000.00 44% Interest.... 100,000.00 Certificates of Deposits....... 500,000.00 | $ 901,500.00 Statement Cleveland Ohio Trust 5 Co. Deposit ...... i, gee 200,000.00 : Post Office receipt “advanced c SNC ip is aap 0 0 W G44 4d ech ae 500.00 | $1,102,000.00. Note :—Dominion of Canada Bonds Cost $97,- 400.00 with a par value of $100,000.00 at 44% interest. See se (Signed) tees T. M. Guerin, ae Arthur Martel, ee J. W. Williams. ¥ : September 19, 1929. The minutes were read and approved, and | there being no further business to come before _ the Board the meeting was adjourned. The next meeting of the G. E. B. to be held Decem- — ber 4, 1929. ; ORES Respectfully submitted, Rea See FRANK DUFFY, General Secret
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a 7 oy ne al) oy’ ~~ " bal tit alld seek A eae ike iy Leal Nl : an, a ; "" fH aablig Ree Sie at eo a a ay eras hee eport Of The Delegates To The Inter- national Union of Wood Workers’ | Congress August 19, 1929. To the General Executive Board. The Seventh ordinary Congress of the International Union of Wood Workers’ was held in Heidelberg, Germany, dur- ing the last week of July, 1929. This being the Twenty-fifth anniver- sary of‘the founding of the organization it was suitably celebrated at the same time. Sixty-one Delegates were present, Brother Fritz Tarnow, President of the German Wood, Workers was elected chairman of the Congress and Brother Wm. L. Hutcheson, President of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners was elected vice-chairman of the Congress. In the report of activities from 1925 to. 1928 the Secretary says: “Organizationally, the I. U. W. has made progress during the period under review in two directions: internally it has strengthened its inner structure, and externally it kas extended its sphere of influence. “The most important success of the period under review is undoubtedly the fact that the I. U. W. has been able to extend its sphere of influence very con- siderably. On January 1, 1925, it com- prised 37 unions in 18 countries, with a membership of 619,750; on Jan- uary 1, 1929, it comprised 50 organiza- tions in 26 countries, with a member- ship of 1,025,299, so that the net in- crease has been 13 unions, 8 countries and 405,549 members (65 per cent). This increase is not merely a cause for rejoicing in itself. It is of special significance, because our International Union, since the Brussels Congress, has developed from a body comprising European unions only to an Interna- tional which spans the world, since it THE CARPENTER _ a. has ramifications. in four continents and, with but comparatively few excep- tions, comprises all the more important’ wood workers’ unions of the world. The International Union of Wood ‘Workers has broken through the nar- row boundaries of the old Europe; it has become a real World International Sos a F ; ARES ate as . : % ~ of Wood Workers. Comparing it with other trades, it will be seen that accord- — ing to the latest membership figures it — takes the fourth place among the 26 — Trade Internationals in respect of mem- — bership and the second place in respect of the number of countries it repre- sents.’’ During the period in question Wood Workers Unions from _ the following countries joined the International Yugoslavia, United States, South Africa, Cuba, Sweden, Scandinavia, Great Britain, Spain, Austrailia, Denmark, : Roumania, New Zealand. In referring to our Organization the Secretary says: “The United Brotherhood of Carpen- ters and Joiners of America affiliated with the I. U. W. covers both the United States and Canada. It comprises not merely carpenters and joiners, but also all other crafts of the wood working in- “dustry, with the exception of the lum- ber workers. “The President of the American Fed- eration of Labor, has informed us that Tie the A. F. of L. does not include any union catering for this class of workers. Hence, organizational conditions in the © lumber industry are absolutely inade- © quate. In the Western States of Oregon, Washington and Idaho, a number of lumber workers are organized in .the ‘‘vellow”’ Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen, set up in 1917. this, there is only a very weak group of syndicalists, the I. W. W. group. Of course, neither of these organizations can afiiliate.’’ The National Amalgamated Furnish- ing Trades’ Association of Great Britain - proposed that the International Union of Wood Workers should open its ranks . to all wood workers unions, whether Besides they were affiliated to any other Federa- tion or not, and later amended it by
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z ~ = structing the Executive Committee to _ call a World Congress of all wood work- ers organizations for the purpose of establishing a single class International of Wood Workers. This meant the ad- mission of the Russian (communist) - unions, and caused a debate lasting the greater part of two days. Delegates from the different European countries told of the taetics used by the commun- ists to get control of the legitimate Trade Unions for their own ends and _ purposes or their failure in that to dis- rupt the Unions and put them out of business altogether. In reply the Ex- ecutive Committee proposed that: “The Seventh Congress of the Inter- national Union of Wood Workers, held at Heidelberg in July, 1929, decides that, in virtue of the resolution adopt- sie se Pitts ey it Wo HER TC Lake ratified by that of Brussels of 1925 con- cerning relations with communist or- ganizations, the conclusion of mutual aid or reciprocity agreements with Rus- = sian Unions is incompatible with mem- bership in the International Union of e- Wood Workers.’”’ a When the vote was taken the proposi- tion of the Executive Committee was carried overwhelmingly. In fact, only five votes were cast against it and the two organizations that had entered into agreements with the Russian (commun- BY ist) Unions were given to December 1, ~=-1929, to cancel these agreements or a stand suspended from the International & Union of Wood Workers. & Another matter of great importance considered by the Congress was “The = Prevention of Accidents in the Wood- = working Industry. = On this subject the following Resolu- tion was adopted: “The Seventh International Wood- _ workers’ Congress, meeting at Heidel- d berg in July, 1929, expresses its wel- : come of technical progress and of all ss improvements in the organization of work which lead to the increase of eco- EB nomic efficiency, the facilitation of work 3 Ps of living. “The mechanization of production which should promote the common - good has become a source of terrible © ed by the Vienna Congress of 1922 and and the raising of the general standard rendering machinery and workroo free from danger are often lacking — merely in order to save the low cost of them. - ae “Chief among the suffers are those who have to work the dangerous wood- working machines. The countless muti- — : lations and crushed limbs of the living, and the tombs of the dead cry aloud against the barbarity of working meth- ods which do not guarantee all possible safety and protection for the workers. — “The International Woodworkers’ Congress is well aware that no improve- ment is to be expected unless it is wrest- ed from the employers by the requisite legislative and administrative regula- ~- tions. It therefore calls upon all States | to improve their protective legislation and thus combat more energetically than hitherto the avoidable dangers to life and limb to which machinery exposes the workers. “The International Woodworkers’ Congress demands for all countries the legal prohibition of the traffic in and use of machinery which is not adequate- ly equipped with safety appliances. For the superivsion of the safety of factor- — ies it demands thorough-going State factory inspection through inspecting bodies which shall include persons ex- perienced in the trade, who have been drawn from the ranks of the workers. Finally, it demands for all countries the introduction of compulsory insurance to insure that those who have fallen victim to the dangers of their work shall be adequately compensated for their injuries. . “The fight against the danger of ac- cidents must however receive the sup- port of those who are themselves in danger. The International Wood-work- ers’ Congress calls upon the affiliated unions to explain to their members and to all woodworkers the danger of acci- dents and the methods of preventing them, and to warn them not to neglect the protection of their lives and health, always to use the safety appliances when working their machines, to ob- serve with the utmost exactitude the | measures to be taken for the preven- tion of accidents, and to support the ac- > tion of the trade unions and the author- ities for the prevention of accidents.
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‘Financial Statement For The Year See | 1925 Receipts ip agar thts Pea Fl. 9,409,04 4 a eeDOngiture 2... 2 Sk “* *8;834,92 x Se 4 - Balance in favor________ Fl. 574,12 4 For The Year 1926 mm fecvipts —__-----_._.- Fl. 15,212,11 = Expenditure ----_--~.- 18,503,08 oo Fl. 3,290,97 For The Year 1927 Speeipte isos ca OE SS Fl.. 14,821,08 eLUeNG ture. 22. coin ‘* §14,404,88 Balance in Favor__-__~-~ F1. 416,20 For The Year 1928 PBI iecicte crn wich seein ee Fl. 15,017,77 Expenditure ~____~_-_- ‘. ~12,109.57 Balance in Favor__-_-~~ Fl. 2,908,20 Brother Fritz Tarnow President of the German Woodworkers was elect- ed Secretary and Berlin was designated as the headquarters. Brother Hutcheson was elected a member of the Executive Committee. The city in which the next Congress will be held was left to the Executive Committee, so also was the date. Respectfully submitted Wm. L. Hutcheson, Frank Duffy, © Delegates. —— > ———- ; Watch Out For This Man R. M. Brown, alias R. M. Bailey, alias H. A. Allen posing as assistant super- intendent for Hughes and Foulkard or Casey Construction Company of Pitts- burgh, Pa., is working this section of the country, swindling building me- chanics with a promise of good jobs and then getting checks cashed in sums ranging from $180.00 to $225.00. His latest operation was in Toledo, A O., where he swindled one of our mem- bers out of $225.00. He is about five feet eleven inches tall, weighs between 180 and 200 3 mon: mers Lv, x a R % = : ; 5 Sr we iE ees Se gr a, ie a eal Pee eee ee te Se THE CARPENTER the committee in charge of the arrange- __ pounds, smooth shaven, dark brown. hair slightly curly and parted low on — the left side, has brown eyes, and a heavy coat of tan, arms very hairy, _ just a typical construction man in gen- ~ eral appearance. We are passing you this information as a precaution and as a warning to Se our members. Fraternally yours, H. A. Barrett, Rec. Sec., 4..-U- No“ 3338: Toledo, O.. a ‘ : Information Wanted Information is wanted regarding the present whereabouts of James Alphon- sus Hughes, a carpenter, who left Bos- ton, Mass. in 1911 or 1912 and has not —— been heard from since. His mother’s = . name was Cairns and he may be using ~ that name. Any information regarding this man, whether he be dead or alive - will be appreciated as the information is required to settle an estate. Kindly io address all replies to Mrs. Sarah A. ae Hughes, 8 Elwood St., Everett, Mass. OO Seminole, Okla. Local Holds Successful a Labor Day Celebration In celebrating Labor Day, Local Union No. 929, Seminole, Okla. staged a parade, in which approximately 150 marchers participated. The line of . march made a complete circuit of the x business and resident sections of the : city. Following the parade, the members, Z as well as visitors from the surrounding — towns of Shawnee, Wewoka, Holden- ~ ville, Mand and Ada, gathered in the boxing areana where they were address- ed by Mayor J. N. Harbor of Seminole; z Secretary Roy Griffin of the Chamber of | Commerce and President L. C. Watson of the Oklahoma State Council of Car- ; penters. The remarks of the speakers were timely and were well received. After the speaking, the body ad- 4 journed to Wewoka Lake for a picnic ~ lunch which was greatly relished. The entertainment consisted of swimming, boat races and skating. aS The outing was a huge success, and —
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THE CARPENTER ments deserves credit for the Sic, man- ner in which the details of the Labor Day celebration was handled. a Memory of P. J. McGuire Honored On Labor Day The memory of the father of Labor Day and founder of our Brotherhood, Peter J. McGuire was honored on Labor Day when memorial services were held at his grave in Arlington Cemetery, near Merchantville, N. J. Secretary Hugh V. Reilly of the New Jersey State Federation of Labor was the principle speaker. also made by General Executive Board Member W. T. Allen; William Patton of the Pennsylvania State Council of. Carpenters; James Fealey of the Mass- achusetts State Council of Carpenters and Secretary Frank Burch of the Phil- adelphia Central Labor Union. Secre- tary-Treasurer Vernon Fletcher of the Philadelphia District Council presided. Among the prominent members of the Labor movement who were in at- tendance were included General Repre- sentative Thomas Hickey and President Daniel J. McLaughlin of the Philadel- phia District Council. Many large, beautiful floral wreaths, bearing reverential inscriptions were placed on the grave. Three daughters of Brother McGuire participated in the exercises. They are Miss Lillian McGuire, Miss Myrtle Mc- Guire and Mrs. Catherine Caya. ——\!_ or Miami, Ariz. Local Enjoys Annual Festival On Aug. 23rd, Local Union No. 1538, Miami, Ariz. held its annual watermelon festival which was attended by the mem- bers, their families and invited guests, and a very pleasant evening was en- joyed. Dancing was indulged in, the music being furnished by L. D. Crandall, one of the selected contestants for the Ford | troupe of old time fiddlers who will shortly tour the United States. The outstanding feature of this en- joyable event was a decisive movement toward the organization of a Ladies’ Auxiliary aes. Addresses were. Education Education becomes more and more big business. In one day’s newspapers we find: . Yale is going to spend $4,000,000 on new Buildings; . Princeton gets a gift of half a million for a finance school; John Hopkins is given $3,000,000. America is requiring more and more education for several reasons. Growing buying power turns to education among > the first things—it seeks to buy educa- tion for the young. And a social order that grows more and more complex of- fers fewer opportunities to the unedu- cated. Parents seek, for one thing, to buy an education that it, in turn, may buy for the coming generation an immunity from manual labor and a “place in the sun.’”’ Sometimes it works; sometimes it doesn’t work. But the educational plant of the na- tion must grow and grow to take care of the growing demands upon it. ooo The Fellow We’d Like to Meet Nobody would call him handsome— And nobody would call him wise— A scholar would laugh at his grammar, His learning would win no prize! He never makes epigrams clever— But still you will hear folks say: “He’s the kind of fellow we'd like to meet On a dull, "99 cold, rainy day! His eyes—they are blue, and twinkle, His laugh has a lilt of cheer, And his wrinkled face has a homely rrace Where the kindly lines appear; He’s never done deeds majestic To ring through the world away ; But he’s just the fellow we'd like to meet On a dull, cold, rainy day. The clouds may be full of shadows, But he—he will find the sun! And life may be swept with sorrow, And hearts may be drab and dun; But his friendly grip will warm you, - And blest with his chumship gay, You will find the blue where the gold shines through, On the coldest, rainiest day! —HExchange. . aS ea DEATH ROLL LEWIS HENRY JOHNSON—L. U. 783, Sioux Falls, S. D. tyr : ; ‘ _
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Throughout the day he plans Ne Getting and Giving Man struggles bravely year by year, his bundle to increase, and misses much of the fun and cheer, and sacri- fices peace. For him there is no holiday and no surcease of care, until he’s put a roil away that well might choke a bear. and schemes to gain another scad, and busi- ness haunts his midnight dreams— a which sort of thing is bad. His women . beg him to desist pursuing the doub- 3 ee ee ee) Oe Te Pet Pewee mee ey it oF J 4 { ‘ i 7 Se ‘ y A ean achieve; world behind, we all lament and grieve. loon, for they’re inclined to wot and wist he’ll kill himself full soon. The learned physician shakes his head and bids him take a rest, or he will shortly be so dead he’ll need no treasure chest. And still he goes his busy way on trail of groat and crown, until at last, when old and gray, he lays his weapons down. Then he has time to look around upon our human ways, and many evil things are foand by his discerning gaze. Then he has time to realize that he must shortly go; the rich man, like the poor man, dies, as all deep thinkers know. And it occurs to him betimes that he may help the race by drawing forth his hoarded dimes from their abiding place. And so he gives a million bones some microbe to suppress, that fills this world with grief and groans, and woe and weariness. He finds that people have the itch, or some severe disease, that makes them paw and buck and pitch, and rub against the trees. gives a million scads to isolate the germ that tortures all these itching lads and makes them writhe and squirm. The more he gives the he’ll find what money and when he leaves this e —Walt Mason. iQ The Hammer The hammer is the universal emblem of mechanics—those skilled in uniting and binding together of materials. With the hammer are alike forged the sword of contention and the plowshare of peaceful agriculture. Its workmanship ornaments the trappings of war, and nails the olive-branch of peace above the gate. In ancient warfare it stood pre-eminent, apart from the _ instru- ments it wrought and formed. The old — battering ram of the Greeks was noth- ing but the rude conception of a huge hammer. In heathen mythology it was ate ig” Rene ORS a Nae Tage Bh ated ate Ae at THE CARPENTER And so he — > = ae Sk et ast oe Siw bP en ni LET 5 re oe - ‘ md ‘ z Rakha « ~ . ~. always the symbol of might and fe strength. It was the sole weapon of the © Thor, , the 33 mighty rival of Odin. His hammer was fashioned by cunning dwarfs, and pos- _ sessed the wonderful property of re-. dreaded God of thunder, turning to his hand after being hurled. In the hammer lies the wealth of a > nation. By it are forged the ponderous engines that almost shake the world, and the tiny needle which unites alike © the costly silks and satins of a queen, and the rough homespun of a laborer. The hammer, too, is no partisan. It is an instrument of the savage and the civilized. Its merry clink points out the abode of industry and labor. Its handle is extended, inviting all to grasp, and with its unyielding head, by the help of _ . the strong arm, forges happiness and prosperity. It is, in fact, a domestic deity presiding over the aspiration of wealth and ambition. Not a stick is pointed, not a house is built, not a ship floats or a carriage rolls, or a wheel spins or an engine thunders; not a press speaks or a bugle peels, a spade delves or a banner floats—without hav- ing endured the blows of the hammer. So it instructs and teaches us that great ends and large results can only be ac- complished by good, hard, vigorous blows. That if we would attain useful- ness, and reach the full perefection of what we are capable of becoming, we must not shrink back from the hard- ships, buffetings, and hard knocks of life, but early learn to cultivate the power of patient endurance. oo Homes For The Aged According to a report by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics— Homes for the aged, maintained by fra- ternal orders and other charitable agencies, now shelter nearly 69,000 persons in the United States at an an- nual cost of $26,000,000. A survey covering 1,037 institutions showed that their total capacity was 80,000 inmates. The most attractive sites were in the country, or in suburbs of cities, where conditions were health- ful. oie Genuine philanthropy today means . the payment of such wages as- will remsi2 der philanthropy unnecessary. |
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A . 2, ( ee PT: — < y Z . = x ee Ce ae TA e ~ ° ae eee Sd ci n \ weet UULUUAUEAL AI D7 o * = - 5 Ses - Fae . This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents. ee - From A Resident of Our Home The following communication was re- ceived by Secretary Castelli of Local Union No. 385, New York, N. Y., and forwarded to us for publication in our Journal. ok % Bo Dear Sir and Brother: I arrived here at the Home all O. K. and find everything very nice. I am well : and feeling fine. We have good meals and nice clean rooms and beds, it is certainly a nice Home—we have every comfort an old man would want. I hope that all the old men in the Local who are entitled to come here will do so and begin a new life. There are quite a number here from country and they are all fine men. I am well contented and have made . lots of good friends. I send my kind regards to all the Brothers and hope they will write me. With best wishes, I am, Fraternally yours, Fred Wohlfort. Carpenters’ Home, Lakeland, Fla. —————-__—_ The Pension Is But Justice Editor, ‘“‘The Carpenter”’: If the old fellows had not stood on the firing line in the years past there would be no Union now, and there would be no 8, 10 or 12 dollars scales for any of the boys, old, young or mid- dle aged. Let’s remember that when we consider the matter of the Pension. The young fellows are stepping into conditions established and wages gained. by the battles of the old fellows in years past. Make no mistake about that. uit a man now sixty-five years old had saved a portion of his wages all through his best years, the sum would not now be sufficient to secure his old age, be- all parts of the , Ps cause a man of that age has worked | many years for three or four dollars a day. Let the young fellows working for wages of $8 to $12 per day keep tha in mind. How much is the average carpenter, young or old, able to save out of the present high wages? And remember that employment is about as steady now as it has been in the past with the ex- ception of boom times. A Pension for any carpenter of the required age and other eligibility is a matter of simple justice, nothing more. The price of one show a month, one package of cigarettes, a couple of ice- cream sodas, from each member, will provide the funds. To withhold the ne- cessary funds is a cheap trick. I am not personally interested, as it will be quite a few years before I am eligible anyway, but I am perfectly will- ing to pay any assessment required for this purpose. The money I pay to the union is by long ways the best invest- ment I make. I wish I could get half _the returns from my other expenditures. W. B. Daly, L. U. No. 80. Chicago, Ill. OO mm Labor Displacement Editor, ‘‘The Carpenter”: Regarding the article on machinery in modern industry by President Green of American Federation of Labor, may I ask what is being done by Organized Labor to replace the displaced in the various trades? ; Being a carpenter, I am naturally in- terested in the men of my own craft who are thrown out of employment by the introduction of machinery into the trade. By this I mean, the constantly increasing number of machines that are being used for the performance of . present work, that was once done by the trained mechanic. To wit: Mortis- mo ing machines for locking doors; where eo
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y je YY ee Oe oN See Bab ca ad a st . TORY: ate ; >> a Ys age Ys See Tome than five men used to do. hand saw, used for all kinds of rough cutting on the job; where one man can do more cutting of wood in one day than ten men ordinarily would do. The {ho Ses ae hs | BS) ta A Ra Rita let. \ taal Ze 2 Oa eas te eta sy Fite yt ~— % 4 & «THE CARPENTER. = i gS” it Pee te or ?s) a eee Fe OS po ee Se 5 Se Oe ee eae eee * J a iste. 7 tn SEE 4 z i e4 ey . z = > . 4 - Me ae Tt > It does seem to many of us, that we a should be given a fighting chance to ~ make a living at our trade, inasmuch as — we have devoted the best years of our life to the development of a working knowledge of the craft. with modern methods and make a fair- ly decent living at the trade, but, where does the older men fit? In this displace- ment, that is taking place, is\it not a — question of the survival of the fittest where the more active and physically fit are given the preference over the © less able? Can the fortunate be .cen- sored for their more fortunate lot? Is not the urge and will to live just as strong in the younger man as it is in the older? Yet, how can we, as a group of workers, pledged together for the mutual protection and benefits of all, view with complacency this displace- ment of the older men? It is a pathetic tragedy that is being enacted daily in the industrial world. Right in our own craft we see the great army of willing, yet, forced, men, seek- ing in vain, a chance to earn an honest living at their respective trades. Is such — a condition a reasonable reward for honest service? Is it the humane thing to do to cast men on the junk heap when they are no longer able to compete with the machine that is operated by a more vigorous person? It is useless to philosophize in terms of idealism or abstractions, where pleas- ing platitudes and meaningless general- ities merely express a sort of Utopia, ex- istant, in the imagination only. Neither is it wise to be continuously sounding a pessimistic note in the great indus- trial movement, for such things only tend to lower the morale of the workers and heighten the confidence of the em- ployer in any plan of exploitation he may be harboring. The readers of this article may ask: What is your solution? In answer to such a question, let me say, it is diffi- cult, and, not always expedient for the ordinary layman to express too freely opinions on trade matters. I will, how- ever say, that a closer contact between worker, official and employer, would go a long way toward a remedy. Without malicious intent, let me say further, that a gulf between the union worker and the union officer seems to exist and is widening and deepening as the years Some of the younger men can successfully compete
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— go by. There is also a note of depres- “oe THE CARPENTER ; a sion among the workers as regards the ‘union conditions of the present as com- pared with the past. Old members of the organization are constantly bemoan- ing the apparent lack of interest the of- ficers show toward the workers and their conditions. It is generally conced- ed in this district that a breaking down of conditions is incident to the intro- duction and usage of the machine. The pace of machine progress is too fast for the official minds in this section. Whether this is true in all cases or not, is debatable, and to attempt to dis- cuss it in our Journal is akin to treason against the Brotherhood. Nevertheless, facts are facts, and, to discuss them op- enly in our official Journal is, in my mind, better than discussing them on ‘the curbstone .and in secret conspiring Places. When they are brought into the open, a fair and impartial discussion of them can be conducted, but the other way is unfair to those criticised. Franknes may be my weakness, but, it also tends towards strengthening the weakness of existing conditions. If we are to defeat the communist and the anarchist in the Labor Movement, it is by restoring confidence among the members of the respective bona fide American Federation of Labor Unions. No member of the American Labor Movement, deliberately desires affilia- tion with any foreign radical movement. They abhor it for various reasons. First, it is counter to their patriotic idealism, and, second, it is contrary to their moral convictions, and third, it is a generally conceded opinion that to repose in the radical element, our eco- nomic destiny would be the grossest folly. Not only from a financial and economic viewpoint, but from an Ameri- can and sympathetic standpoint as well. It is one of my proudest boasts that our Brotherhood here in the East, is manned by American citizens. No can- didate can aspire to any office unless he is a citizen. This I think is typical of the entire movement. In so being, we havea much greater appeal to the em- ployers and the public in general, in all our relationship with them. Despite these things, however, there is a deep current of unrest manifesting itself among the unemployed. This con- dition is forced upon them by virtue of their economic condition. Idealism and fidelity to a cause, does not feed an empty stomach nor stay the demands of — an exacting landlord. Members of the © Brotherhood are not by wilful choice anxious to follow Will-O’-the-Wisps in pursuit of a living, but, when they meet with utter failure in the existing order, they are forced by circumstances, at times, to lend a willing ear to the source ee of promise, that offers them relief. It is a well recognized fact that discontent- ' ed minds are fertile fields for -propa- ganda. So, when I read President Green’s lengthy article on the problem of un- employment and machine displacement, I was somewhat disappointed that he did not submit some definite plan or remedy. He is in a position to devote considerable time to a deliberation and solution of this question, and, naturally, we who help pay him expect construc- tive, wholesome and practical advice from him. In the meantime, however, let us not lose heart, nor yield to the siren calls of foreign emancipators, who offer elysian propositions to those who hearken to their mythical tales of international control of the world’s industrial prob- lems. Let no man rush to the out- stretched arms of foreign intriguers who seek to entice them away from trusted and tried American labor unions that has, thus far, raised the workers from the low level of serfs, to the high level of affluence and opportunity. Let us not forget, that unemployment under our own American Labor ‘Movement, would not be remedied under any for- eign labor movement. Therefore, it behooves us all, lay and official, to restore confidence and morale among our workers. Let us not assume an air of arrogance and superiority, akin to autocracy, alienating the mutu- ality of the worker and officer, with a weakening resultant to the opposition of foreign influence. Let us not kill the goose that lays the golden egg, lest in doing so, we find our organization weakened and our good jobs threatened by lack of support by the rank and file who are struggling under adverse con- ditions to keep body and soul together. Peter A. Reilly, | Boston, Mass. al L. U. No. 40. ee ee Shallow minds don’t dig deep.
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nea eet oe F yo eget ee all —- aa } ae = ’ | eS. * x 3 . 7 Pene Rts i posts. CARPENTRY By. H. H. Siegele) LESSON XIX In the two previous lessons we treat- ed joints for lengthening beams in heavy timber framing. AS we go on with this work, at the proper place, we will have more to say about joints, such as bearing joints, joints for posts and braces and other joints, such as also belong. to this class of work. In the meantime we will take up heavy timber framing at its very crudest point. At first we thought of dealing with this subject rather briefly, and only on ad- vanced problems. But a work of this kind would hardly be complete if we did not commence at the beginning; and in order to do that it is necessary for us to take up round timber construc- tion, which properly belongs to heavy timber framing. One of our earliest experiences in carpentry, was that of watching car- penters build a hay shed. No doubt, many of our readers can remember the old-fashioned hay sheds, which still are in use in rural districts, to a greater or a lesser extent. Moreover, it is not an uncommon thing for carpenters to be called upon to erect such sheds. The hay barn, though, in these days, is grad- ually taking the place of the hay shed. It was not sO many years ago when we helped erect two rather large hay barns. The construction of such barns is much on the order of the construction of hay sheds, the only difference is, the barns have their sides closed, either with corrugated metal or with boards, which necessitates the placing of nailing girts between posts, while the hay sheds are open structures with roofs support- ed by posts. The elevation of the posts, plate and braces of one side of a hay shed is shown by Fig. 111. The posts are usu- ally, but not necessarily so, telephone The barces are also made of round timbers, while the plate, as we # are showing it, is made of sawed heavy timbers spliced together by means of scarf joints. Although round timbers have been used for plates, in some in- stances, such plates are less satisfactory than the sawed ones; and perhaps a little more expensive, by reason of the extra work required in spotting for the bearings of rafters, posts and braces. The spotting of the posts for the brace bearings is shown somewhat enlarged to the left of post number 3. How to frame the posts so as to get the tops to line perfectly is shown between A and B. A line stretched from the stake shown at A to the stake shown at B, perfectly level, is the first operation. In the illus- tration the line represents a point just 14 feet below the top of the plate. Now, assuming the holes are dug and the bottom of the holes tamped, we will transfer the distance between the line ~ and the bottom of the hole, whieh is 5 feet, 3 inches, to the butt-end of post number 1, while it is still on the tres- tles. This done, we will measure off 14 feet, less the thickness of the plate, from the 5-foot-3-inches point, and that will give us the point where the top of the post is to be cut off. Post number 2 is framed in the same way, excepting, as will be seen by referring to the illustra- tion, that the first measurement to be laid off, is 5 feet, 10 inches, instead of 5 feet, 3 inches. In the same manner lay off posts number 3 and number 4. Fig. 112 shows how the layout shown in Fig. 111 has been worked over to meet the requirements of a hay barn. The girt-bearing spots are shown at l, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. To the left of number 3 is shown an enlarged spot. Four girts that have been placed are shown at a, b, c and d. The ends of the end girts are shown at the right and at the left. The two perpendicular lines at the ex- treme right represent the end boards nailed to the girts. shown at the extreme left indicates the inside of the boards when nailed in place. Fig. 113 is an enlarged drawing of two spots of a corner post. The dot- ted lines between A and B, represent chalk lines, © The dotted line which should be struck ae.
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THE CARPENTER ‘punos 10 o1enbs I9Y}1I9 POOM JO JO[[Iq & SUI[GMeSseT ‘YIOM USMION Url 4UuomBvUIO UY ‘IIIG _ ‘913ue AUB SOUL -]® 0} peysn(pe oq uUvd pUuBw ‘fsTeAeq BUI -Y1IeUl 10J pesn [00} y ‘orlenbg [eaog "SUIQJAUB JO YUBIS O9UL “SUI “WeCIjJ JOOI Jno B JO JURIS OU ‘[eaog ISI ‘youeq ‘ploM OY} SUTMOTIOJ PIOM 4SIY 94} SY} ‘G 197}90[ 94} JEpuNn ALIesso[s ino ZuInuI}juUOD UO ‘puy 9M ‘M9y} 0JUO SDB] BuUI[IvU e Zuimoy Aq JO ‘Jo qeiIs @ BuImes Aq Joye ‘poueysieijs ‘polieu oie spaivoqg 94} YoryM oOUO SpPIS 9Yy} SAR ‘MOYS SZUIMBIP OY} SB ‘SIZ JEqQUMII}-punol TIT ‘Sta | esou,L ‘MOTA pus ue SMOYS QO 9IIGM ‘SULIVOQ-11IS @ JO MOIA OPIS B&B ‘g pUB [JIS @ JO MOTA SATIOORUSIEd B ‘VY ‘SsMmOYS ‘FIL ‘Sl ‘19430 ove 0} 9[8uUe 1YSIs 38 9Q P[NoYsS sjOds OM} OY} MOY SO VBOIPUI ‘UMOYS OIeNnbdsS & JO SUI[INO OU ‘wey Aq pequnid oq prlnoys ysod 94} puPe :104}0 94} 0} 380d 94} JO pus ouo WOly
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ms os e Z = fi = < 0 ~ = - Bird’s Mouth. The plate cut of a raf- ter having a full-sized lookout. Any cut resembling a bird’s mouth. P Blackboard. A black surface used for writing or drawing, etc. Blade. The body, or the large arm, of a steel square. Blind. A shutter for a window. Blind Stop. A member of a window frame forming a stop for the blind. A screen stop. = a a. Fig. 112 Blind Nailing. Nailing so the nail heads are concealed. Sometimes called secret nailing. ; Block Plane. A small plane used, es- pecially for planing the ends of boards, etc. Blueprints. Plans reproduced from the original, by the process of blue- printing. Board. A _ piece of lumber, sawed rather thin and of considerable length. Body. The large arm of a steel square; the blade. Bolt. A strong pin of iron or other metal, used to hold things in place. Bookcase. A piece of furniture with shelves for books. Boring. The act of boring a hole with an auger. ! Boring Machine. A machine used for boring, especially for mortises in heavy timber framing.
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THE CARPENTER 7 Boxing. Lumber use-for boarding the sition that it will stiffen the framework. sides of a building, onto which the sid- An instrument used for turning an aug- ing is nailed. ° . er bit. . Fig... 113 Box Sill. A built-up sill, made of Brads. Very small nails. light timbers, or planks, resembling a Bracket. A support for a cornice, box. somewhat ornamental. Fig. 414 d Box Stringer. A closed stringer of a ’ Bridge. The structure supporting a ) stairway. | passageway, and the passageway, over Brace. A piece of material, usually a stream or some other impassable of timber or steel, placed in such a po-__ place. | —
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3 - Bridging. Small braces placed be- tween floor joists and sya in order _ to stiffen them. ee Broad Axe. A very large axe, used for . hewing timbers : Building Paper. Paper used between the siding and boxing of a. building— also between the sub-floor and the fin- ishing floor. Bull-nose. The first step of an open stairway, terminating with a _ semi- circle. Bumper. A knob-like device fastened to the base for doors to bump against, to prevent them from injuring the wall. ‘s Bt =. oe ee a. FS eet <a “ 0 Sie es 3 = m: Res Sd THE CARPENTER scraper blades by rubbing the cutting edge. i Buttress. A projecting mass. of ma- 3 sonry used for resisting the thrust of an arch. Butts. Hinges for doors, also called butt hinges. aaa Butt Gauge. A gauge used for mark! S ing the depth and width of mortises for - butts. poe” Butt Joint. A square joint of two timbers butting end to end. ae Buzz Saw. A circular saw; so called ; from the buzzing it makes when run- ning at full speed. : Here our Glossary under the letter B, : “s x Burnisher. A tool for sharpening’ ends. , tae = ; ; ee : << ie 3 THE MODERN STEEL SQUARE tolerated these days and the man who» — = “Carpenter’s Calculator” is unable to handle the work in .the <9 a best, easiest and quickest way is liable ' (By L. Perth.) to find himself constantly looking fora = 3 - CHAPTER II job. “ a : The mechanical part of roof framing Which then is the best, easiest and is simple and any rough carpenter can 2 handle the job very successfully once x the material is accurately measured quickest way to frame a roof? Before answering this question we will consider the construction of a roof. Fig. 3 off and properly marked for the various cuts. It is true there still are carpenters who are framing roofs by the ‘‘cut and try method” i. e., trying to guess the length of a rafter and the angles at which they should be cut, and if the members do not fit they cut and try again. It is evident that the tremendous waste of time and material cannot be a triangle or a combination of triangles. All framed structures, partly or in whole are composed of triangles. Whe- ther it be a roof frame, a bridge truss or a simple brace it may be regarded as The reason the shape of a triangle was — adopted as a unit is on account of its superior strength. Fig. 4. To illustrate this we will examine the ss shapes shown in Fig. 3, two of which — have four sides and the third one is. a 5 Bere = hee RC rarer hae O Sard fs Ma or
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THE CARPENTER triangle. These figures may be con- structed of wooden slats of any con- venient length held together by one nail at each corner. Now to test the comparative strength of these figures let us apply a force in the direction shown by the arrow and see what happens. By applying the pres- sure to side ‘“‘AD” this side will change ‘its position by moving around the pivot point “D,’ point “A’’ will assume posi- B 4 Cc governing the construction of these geo- — metrical figures. No doubt all of our readers are familiar with the subject but it will materially assist you in mas- tering the subject if a few fundamental features will be reviewed in your mind. A triangle as the name implies is a figure having three sides. Three sides naturally form three angles. A triangle having one right angle is called a ‘Tight triangle, hight angles res Fig. 4 tion ‘“‘A.’’ While all four sides still re- main connected the figure will continue to change its shape as long as the force is being applied. It is collapsing. It is a weak shape and has no value as far as the stability and strength of the structure are concerned. We will conduct the same experiment with triangle c. The pressure applied to side ‘‘AB”’ or to any other side will not distort the shape of the figure. None of its sides will move about the points at which they are connected. The figure will continue to maintain its shape, provided the material is strong enough to resist the force which is trying to distort it. It is evident therefore that the triangle is the only geometrical fig- ure that can not change its shape with- out changing the length of one or more of its sides. While speaking of triangle it will be well to review the elementary principles Of the two sides forming the right angle the horizontal is called the base — and the vertival the altitude of the tri- angle. The side opposite the right angle is called the hypotenuse. Fig. 5. A roof frame may be regarded as a combination of triangles. Thus in the roof truss shown at the left in Fig. 4 while the roof consists only of two raf- ters ‘“‘AB”’ and ‘‘BC”’ and plate “‘AC’”’ the triangle ‘“‘ABC’”’ may and may not be a right triangle. But by introducing a center line through joint ‘“‘B’”’ the roof frame may be divided in two right an- gled triangles. The roof frame at the right having two additional members besides the rafters is composed of a ser- ies of right angled triangles. The whole subject of roof framing is based on the principle of right triangles as will be explained in the subsequent lessons. 2 FRAMING A ROOF OF UNEQUAL PITCHES (By Richard M. Van Gaasbeek, Pratt Institute, School of Science and Technology, Brooklyn, N. Y.) UNIT INSTRUCTION SHEET NO. 9 I— Aim Of The Unit: 1—To list the runs of the rafters from the lay-out, Unit number 1, draw- ing, and the length by using data tables. (Note) After the fundamental prin-— ciples of framing a roof are understood,
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THE CARPENTER _ 63 II—Trade Terms: Review previous units. it is unnecessary to step off the steel Square to determine the lengths. For standard pitchs, the lengths can be taken from data tables and the square F and fence used only for marking plumb and level cuts. IlI—Tools and Materials: 1—The use and care of tools. 2—Materials required. 1—Review previous units. 2—%” No. 18 brads. II—Runs And Lengths Of Rafters Used In Framing An Unequal Pitch Roof ~— side (% pitch) will be found on page 66. Rafters on short common side (pitch 7144” to the foot) will be found on page 48. These runs and lengths are all givenon the center lines without any deductions. Make proper deductions where the vari- ous members of the roof intersect each other. For convenience the measure- ments are_listed as in practice full size. If the model is framed to the same scale as the lay-out, read the above measurements as inches, UNIT INSTRUCTION SHEET NO. 10. I—Aim Of The Unit: 1—To assemble the various rafters in their respective places and securely fasten them. (Note) The facia line and plancher level of all rafters should line up on all four sides, the top edge of all raf- - ters should be in line and the rafters should fit only over the center line on which the various runs were measured. Number of | Quantity of | Runs | Lengths | Kind of Rafters Rafters | Rafters | | | 1 | 2 pair | ae 1° 9%” | ‘Jack Rafters 2 | 2 pair | - OY a o” -,. | Jack Rafters 3 | 2 pair | as 9”. | 5° 35%” | Jack Rafters 4 | 2 pair | a Oo” —9 Tv’ 0%” ‘| Jack Rafters 5 | 2 pair | J ie 9710%” | Jack Rafters i 6 | 2 pair | 7-6” | 10° 7%” |- Jack Rafters ~ & -' | 2 pair | <8’ 9” | 12° 4%” | Jack Watters 8 | 2 pair |. 10°°0”%.. | 144.1%”. |. Jack Ration 9 | 4 {| 10’ 0” | 14° 1%” | Common Rafters 10 | 2 pair | ili 3’ 8%” | Jack Rafters 1 | 2 pair | i 7’ 55%” | Jack Rafters 12 | 2 pair | 9°.6” | 11’ 2%” |, Jack. Rafters is | 2 pair 1: 12° 8” 4b... dee Se | Jack Rafters 14 | 2 ; 16° 0” | 18'10%” |. Jack Rafters A 2 pair - igi”). aa’ 2” | Hip Rafters B | 1 Laue © ip. Owe | Ridge Ii I—References: 1” No. 16 brads. 1—Full Length Roof Framer.— 1%” No. 14 brads. Reichers. I1V—Operations: (Note) Rafters on short common 1—Mark off on the plate, unit num- ber 2, the exact position of each rafter. 2—-Mark the location of hip rafters A. The distance (7) drawing, will give the point where the outside edge of the hip crosses the plate. 3—-Set up the main rafters first, hips A and ridge B. Securely fasten the hips to the plate and ridge. 4—_Set up common rafters number 9. 5—-Set up common rafters number 14. 6—Set up jack rafters number 10, 11,-12 and: 13. ; 7—Set up jack rafters number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 T and 8. V—Safety: 1-—Mindful of fellow workmen and the public in the prevention of falling materials and tools. 2—-Take enough time to build safe ladders and scaffolding. 3—-Have the upper end of ladders fastened.
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Pa 4—Horses should be the same height and have a good solid floor to rest upon. 5—Horse play or scuffing should never be permitted on or about a build- ing. é 6—Use of ropes for hoisting—good ropes, hitches, knots, splices, etc. 7—Use of signals. 8—First aid treatment of fractures, etc. ViI—Questions: 1—What is meant by accidental load- ing? 2—What is meant by a roof carrying its own weight? 3—What is meant by stepping? _ 4—How should the main supporting rafters of a roof be designed so as to to give the most even distribution of the weights and strains likely to come upon it? | 5—-What is the formula for determin- ing the rise in inches per foot run? 6—What size stock is generally used for common rafters. How To Draw A Segment The accompanying illustration shows a simple method of obtaining a segment THE CARPENTER. , 7—What size stock is generally used for hip rafters? an 8—-What size stock is generally usec for ridges? ViIIl—Key To The Questions: 1—Chapter IV, page 60. 2—Chapter IV, page 60. 3—Page 26, paragraph 3. 4—Page 60, paragraph 2. 5—Page 138. 6—They vary according to the size of the building from 2” x 4” studs to 2” x 10” timbers. For ordinary dwell- ing 2” x 6” to 2” x 8” rafters are used. — 7—The main rafters are generally thicker than the common rafters and the width should be about the length of the plumb cut on the common rafters. 8—1” x 6”. VilI—References: 1—A Practical Course in Roof Fram- ing—R. M. Van Gaasbeek, Pratt Insti- tute, Brooklyn, N. Y. (Note) The above page numbers re- fer to this reference. The End. a ee consequently do not understand algebra and geometry. It is not necessary to know figures to or chord any width and height desired by making a compass as shown. -. We are not all mathematicians and form this segment. Just try it and see. ~ John H. Wassum, Lk. Uae. 104. Slatington, Pa.
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_ Without Delay (By H. H. Siegele) A short time ago we were called upon _ to take the spring out of floor joists by means of placing a girder under them half-way between bearings, similar to what we are showing by the drawing. The basement was damp, and had no cement floor in it. The job was simple, : ; st s but because the footings had not been 3 poured, it looked as ff we would be de- E layed on account of having to wait until the concrete for the footings could be poured and have time to set. Such a g delay would have meant difficulties in more ways than one, so we solved the problem by placing bricks into the ex- - cavations for the footings, in the man- ner shown at B. When this was done 4 we poured the concrete around the bricks, giving us the results shown at THE CARPENTER A. Then we proceeded to” treme ‘the girder, the blocks over the posts, and < the posts. After the joists had been raised to a line by means of jacksseseae we placed the girder and the posts in the manner shown by the illustration. Sena: o ee Si By manipulating this little job in this Be: way, we not only saved time and avoided difficulties, but we were able to clear ms % 4] < e | SS oe —=_——, the place entirely; taking away the ma- terial and tools necessary to do the job, immediately after the work was done. When the owner came to inspect the . work, he made it a point to see us, pay- ing us compliments along with the check he gave us for the work. There is no better advertisement, even for a carpenter than satisfied customers; besides, the pay-check never gives such satisfaction as it does when it is accom- panied with compliments. ——_—_—_—_——————_-eo—-- Just A Toe-Hold If you’re slipping all the time, On a roof that’s hard to climb; Get a toe-hold. With a toe-hold you can stand Anywhere with tools in hand, As a leader in the land,— With a toe-hold. Should some, then, frown; Try to run you out of town, Keep the toe-hold. There is none so great or small, That can ever make you fall, == If you stick to, all in all, 2 Just a toe-hold. — Ss If you have a one-track mind; Lagging, oh, so far behind— Get a toe-hold. _ If the way seems tough and hard, <~. upon you Listen to this Union bard; Get, and keep, a paid-up CARD,— That’s the toe-hold! These verses we selected from a poem that was written a number of years ago. Fig. 1 | a While ‘“‘a toe-hold,” so far as the poem _ is concerned, is used figuratively; never-_ 833
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THE CARPENTER a. —_— theless, the moral it carries with it is - based on the toe-hold that is used by _ earpenters and roofers for the purpose of keeping them from slipping. Fig. 1 shows two shingles nailed to a 2x4, with the points pointing upward. This shows the position of the toe-hold Fig. 2 when the tie-shingles are fastened onto ‘the 2x4: For convenience, we have placed the tie-shingles closer together than they usually are in actual practice. In order to bring the toe-hold into posi- tion, it is turned over so the points of the shingles point downward, as shown by Fig. 2. An end-view of the lay-out, is shown by Fig. 3. This view gives the relative position of the toe-hold to the shingles that are already fastened on. This toe-hold is not new—no doubts, most of my readers have used it before. ‘It cannot be said that this is the best toe-hold, but it is probably the most Fig. 3 ‘frequently used. The principal objection to it is that on fastening it, the nails puncture the roof, thus causing slight leaks at every fastening. This leakage, though, can be prevented, if on remov- ing the toe-hold, the shingle directly under the one to which the tie-shingle | was nailed, is driven up about a quarter — of an inch or more. Something might be said relative to nailing the tie-shingles, either to the 2x4 or to the roof. Many roofs are rather flat; aimost flat enough to worl over them without toe-holds. For such roofs the toe-holds do not need as much nailing as those used on rather steep roofs. There is no need in driving a useless amount of nails into the tie-shin- gles—enough is enough. On the other hand, the nailing should always be done so as to allow for a dependable margin of safety. / -——_——- -@- —_-——- Regarding Brother Gregory’s Saw Fil ing Method In regard to Brother Gergory’s saw filing methods published in the August issue of our Journal, I wish to say that acording to his explanation he files his saws backwards. : Are there any mechanics who sharpen their tools with “the cut? I say: No. Why even the barber, when honing his razor, goes against the cut but when he strops his razor, he goes with the cut. Brother Gregory also shows how to get a sharp edge on a thin piece of steel. I would file same against the edge to prevent a wire edge. H. Riechman, L. U. No. 264. Milwaukee, Wis. > ———_ New Trade Marked Hack Saw Blade | A new hack saw blade of high quality and distinctive appearance. has just been put on the market by the Simonds Saw and Steel Co. of Fitchburg, Mass. The new blade with registered trade mark colored red end and bearing the name—‘‘Red Streak’’ promises to raise the standard of hack saw quality. The Carpenter has been informed that the development of the new blade has been under the direction of the company’s engineers at its plant in Fitchburg for over a year. Research starting at the foundation—the steel— _ has been made anu a highly wear resist- ing metal has been developed at Si- monds own steel “mill in Lockport, N. Y. Experiments conducted over a long
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period have established a tooth shape which has been adopted because of its ability to stand up under severe metal cutting conditions, eliminating the dif- ficulty of the teeth shelling when cut- ting hard metal. There is no change in the general shape of the blade, but a special method of heat-treating brings out more completely the steel quality, edge-holding teeth, and ability to with- stand to a greater degree the shock re- sulting from difficult metal cutting. The Red Streak blades are made for hand and power machine use, and are distinctively marked with a red end, a feature which identifies the Simonds blade, and makes it possible to select one at a glance. These blades are at- tractively packed in easily recognized boxes. Advancing in the same way as the hard and all-hard machine power blades is the Simonds Red Streak high speed steel saw, distinctively marked with a red back edge, an especially de- sirable hack saw blade for production metal cutting. SANDS :2emencnd .EVELS STANDARD OF PERFECTION AND ACCURACY Built for the artisan and discriminating mechanic of the craft CARPENTERS ALUMINUM LEVEL No. 24-24” 6 Glasses, $5.00 Also made 26” 28” 30” lengths. Re- versible. Can be used in any position. Will plumb any end or Jevel any edge up. Sand’s Levels Tell The Truth Sold by hardware dealers everywhere, or sent direct on receipt of:price. Parcel post sharges prepaid. Send for complete catalogue. SAND’S LEVEL & TOOL CO. Detroit, Mich., U. S. A. THE CARPENTER 3 | 67 Give Me Florida Give me Florida’s breezes, Give me Florida’s sun— Give me her sky where the moon rides high | When the toil of the day is done! Give me her clouds at sunset, ° Shot with crimson and gray! Glories sent when the hours are spent And dusk holds tryst with day! tive me Florida’s storm- clouds, Piled ’gainst a darkening sky Give me the crash and the Viehtning’s teh. And the wind-god rushing by! Give me Florida’s darkness When birds and blossoms nod! Give’ me the flush of her dawn’s -first blush, When the soul can talk with God! Give me Florida’s music— Delicate, clear and fine! The cardinal’s tune and the eerie croon Of the wind in the moss-hung pine! Give me Florida’s courage— She doesn't know how to quit! Give me the pace that wins the race— < Give me Florida's grit! —Jean Fraser MacDonald. When you say you are going to do something say it in the tone you are going to do it and do it in the same tone. * Eo % Creating all men free and equal isn’t enough, some means must be devised to - keep them free and equal. The AUSTRAL SASH SUSTAINER LESS COST LESS TROUBLE No More Weights, Pul- leys, Or Cords To Break; No More Spring Bolts USED IN BUN- GALOWS, CITY HOUSES AND RURAL HOUSES The Austral Window Co. 101 Park Ave., New York SEND FOR A PAIR Gees eee eee ee eee ee ey AUSTRAL WINDOW co., ! 10{ Park Ave., New York. | Please send me a Se pair of AUSTRAL SASH | SUSTAINERS for which I enclose 50¢ (this covers only f actual production cost and 5 postage. ) : Name PEE SRO Address
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® HIS article completes a de- ’ tailed explanation of the laying of the new J-M No. 40 Dutch Lap Rigid Asbestos Shingle for roof- ing and siding jobs. In appearance, a roof of J-M Dutch Lap Shingles looks like one laid with Amer- ican Method Shingles, yet its cost is practically as low as the Hexagonal Method. With the J-M Dutch Lap Shin- gle the effect of the American Method is gained with a lesser number of shin- gles. In fact the number of shingles re- quired to lay a roof by the J-M Dutch Lap Method is practically the same fn ow Ou. one Figure 5 number as is used with the Hexagonal Method. The application of J-M Dutch Lap Shingles is easy, quick and inexpensive —as simple and as easy as Hexagonals. Every carpenter should be familiar with the application of this new type shingle asit will mean ad- ditional business and more profits. * * * * * In the last is- sue we described the pieces involv- ed in the applica- tion of this type shingle, the me- thod of applying the eaves start- ers; and the ap- Plication of the first course of shingles. The second ~ THE CARPENTER HOW TO LAY THE NEW JOHNS-MANVILLE DUTCI , LAP METHOD SHINGLES ) The Dutch Lap Method Shingle. An adaptation of the economy of the Hexagonal Shingles to give the roof lines of the American Method Shingles. course shall be started with a shingle which has’ been cut to two-thirds its original width and with a new hole punched adjoining the head. See Fig- ure 5. Insert a storm anchor and fasten, then proceed in the same manner as de- scribed for the first course. This and succeeding shingles shall be applied to overlap the shingles of the preceding course, three inches. The third course shall be started with a one-third shingle, see Figure 6, overlaid with a full width shingle, the fourth course with a two-thirds width shingle and so on, alternating. The last Figure 6 shingles applied in each course shall be cut aS may be necessary to overhang one inch. At ridges, hips and corners, the shin- gles shall be cut to abutt the furring strips previously applied. The shingles shall be neatly cut to fit all adjoining vertical surfaces, openings, etc. Flashings shall be installed in a manner similar to that employed with other types of shingles. Ridgesand hips shall be finished with Ridge and Hip Shingles or Ridge Roll in the same manner as with other types of Asbestos Shin- gles.
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WC BS BETS Re ee nae FO Acie eae eee he ee I ee , Se Se: NGS ih one Bea te “ Ea eB eae a aed aS > — ‘ VO AS ie c ‘< “ - Siding—Dutch Lap Method . When Dutch Lap Shingles are used for siding, the same general details used for roofing are to be followed. On new jobs cover the sheathing with _ Johns-Manville Asbestos Felt—15 - pounds or heavier—nailing it down through strips of lath where necessary. For residing, shingles are laid directly over the old siding. ; to left or left to right depending on the shadow lines and the appearance desired. Figure 7 shows the construction de- tails at the water table and the use of °o Re corner strip for inside and outside cor- ners. The New Johns-Manville No. 40 Dutch Lap Shingle Will Bring Additional Work and Profit to Every Carpenter The Johns-Manville Dutch Lap Rigid Asbestos Shingle is destined to become one of the most popular patterns ever made because it fulfills a demand for a roof closely resembling American Meth- od Shingles in appearance at a cost _ practically the same as that of J-M Hexagonal Rigid Asbestos Shingles. € THE CARPENTER © The shingles are laid either from right . - The pleasing appearance of these shingles can be seen in the photo- — graphic reproduction of part of the roof shown on the opposite page. You can see by this picture how well Johns- Manville Dutch Lap Shingles compares in appearance with the American Meth- . e : od. Home owners who do not like the Hexagonal type of shingle, and who can- not afford the American Method Shingle will welcome this new type of shingle. Speculative builders as well, will like the J-M Dutch Lap because it provides a roof of good appearance and quality, at a low cost. Every carpenter should familiarize himself with the application © of this new and entirely different shin- gle. It will mean more work and more profit for every carpenter. * * * * * The new Johns-Manville Carpenter’s Hand Book is now ready. This book has been especially written for the carpen- ter and describes in detail with dia- grams the simple application of Johns- and — Manville American, Hexagonal Dutch Lap Method Rigid Asbestos Shin- gles for roofing and siding jobs. You should have your copy of this handy ‘book. A copy will be sent to you on re- | quest. Johns-Manville Corporation, 292 | Madison Avenue, New York City.
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oe. adie of nerdecttin, accuracy ‘and 2 low — prices. 83 years satisfactory service No. 2426-24" 6 Glass Aluminum Carpenter level $4.75 Also made 18” 26” 28” 30” lengths. Rever- 4 sible and can be used in any position. | Sold by Hardware dealers everywhere, or send direct on receipt of price. Parcel Post x, charges prepaid. Send for complete circu- lars. Fully guaranteed. MAYES BROTHERS TOOL MFG. CO. Port Austin, Mich. MORRILL SAWSETS Set Saws Just Right “Saw Points’’ Telling You ‘‘How To Joint, Set, And File Saws.’’ Sent Free Upon Request. CHAS. MORRILL, Inc. 96 Lafayette St. New York. A Tool You Need—on the Job—In Your Home Shop H & A bBextinc JOINTER Portable, electric, motor-driven, reason- ably priced—a_ sturdy, heavy-duty ma- chine that will seve you many hours and dollars. HESTON & ANDERSON 1110 Market St., Fairfield, lowa Write for = catalog of § H&A W oodwork- ing Tools “STERLING” Convertible Wye Level 10-day FREE Trial Stands punishment in a. way that means long life and little or no re- pairs. Adjustments remain accurate under rough usage of building jobs. >Special features speed up the work. Test it on your next job. Patented Pin this coupon to ( ted) letterhead and mail your today WARREN-KNIGHT CO. 136 N. {2th St. Philadelphia, Pa. Send me FREE Tlustrated Bulletin K-310. describing ‘‘Sterling’’ Convertible Wye Level, with details of free trial offer and easy purchase plan, eee NAN ADDRESS .....------- Line yourself up right now with ; proposition that made enormous profits — for hundreds last fall and winter. Every building in your community is a pros- : pect for Federal Metal Weather-Strip. It is easy to sell because practical and beneficial. You can install at a profit. METAL WEATHER STRIP Federal Metal Weather Strip Co. 4538-58 Fullerton Ave. CHICAGO, ILL. Write today for de- tails of our agency proposition. Better Saws at Better Prices Wodack Saws are sold at low prices, yet their capacity is surprisingly high. WODACK —Cuts up to 43” deep, For Model B continuous heavy duty saw- ing. WODACK The Little Wonder. only 15 Ib. Model Kh ¢¢. 2” deep in 50 seconds. A .. , 3 Both saws equip- te Oy: Bi ped with G. E. oS . 7 Universal Motor and can be equip- rs ped with combina- tion wheels for saw- ing brick or stone, Write for low prices. F. L. ROGERS Co. ; Weighs Rips a plank long, 27 S. Chicago, II. Jefferson St., MASTER SLIDE RULE ~ for every INSIDE and OUTSIDE MEASURE Ask. your dealer to A show the MASTER. | If none nearby, send j | | The MASTER RULES THE. WORLD $1.00 for 5 foot or $1.20 for 6 foot rule. If you do not fully agree that the MAS- TER is the most useful rule you ever used, return it in ten days and your mon- ey will be refunded. 4 MASTER RULE MPG. CO. 819 E. {36th cK, New York, N. oy. rape at? ROOFING | BRACKETS THE QUICKEST EVER AND AS SAFE AS THE EARTH UNDER YOUR FEET. Send for particulars. AJAX BUILDING BRACKET CO. : 1551 Rydal-Mount Road, Cleveland Heights, Ohio —
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WHY SAW BY HAND when there’s a SKI LSAW > 3 | model as low as $60? — { a Unless you saw for exercise—you’re losing money without a SKILSAW. SKILSAW does everything you can do by hand, does it faster and with almost _ no effort. Cross cut, rip, groove, mitre and bevel with SKILSAW—cut rafters, joists, lintels, flooring, stud- ding, sheathing, doors, stringers, bridging—and cut : them faster! SKILSAW also cuts or scores limestone, marble, asbestos, tile and other materials of stone by usinga carborundum disc! SKILSAW is made in four mod- els, a size for every cutting need. It is light enough to handle with ease, tough enough for any job and has the accuracy of a machine. SKILSAW will help any carpenter, contractor or builder increase his production and multiply his profits. We’ll gladly arrange to let you see it in action, without obligation. Use the coupon.
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FILING SAWS. Shebel Filer and you at ¢ an expert filer. Nothing to it. one can get a high class job of filing wZ with it. Produces a better saw than § can be obtained in any other way. It’s a brand new idea in a Saw M AKE Filer. Send for full particulars. Some say it is worth $100.00, The price is” only $5.00. A ee Write for full particulars 4 322 Reed St., MILWAUKEE, wis. a" Is a combination of three tools in one, It will divide any inside or outside angle, and gives the correct intersection. It — is also a square and common bevel, and is adapted for use with or without a mitre box. The handle is graduated on the back for laying out 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 square and on the opposite side are degrees making it useful for roof pitches. It is made of steel with lasting durability, and when not in use folds up like a rule. $2 95 Ask your Hardware Dealer. ° Mail orders filled, postpaid. Mfg. by: MORESHEAD & ROURKE, 27 Bowker St., Brookline, Mass. “INDESTRUCTO” CARPENTER’S TOOL CASES Entirely New, Handy, light and very strong. Built of three-ply Basswood Veneer, Canvas. covered, Painted and Varnished, Water- Proof and Practically Indestructible. Separate place for every tool. Carried like a suit case. Write for No. 4 Booklet and Prices. WEDELL & BOERS 128 W. Jefferson ‘Detroit, Mich. A NEW COMBINATION TRANSIT AND LEVEL Levels “ plumbs from the same set-up. No shifting or locking of ’scope. Control level prevents errors. Has vertical arc, clamp and tangent, shifting center; complete with plumb bob, folding tripod. sectional rod and target. Write for folder and full details of our money back guarantee. WISSLER «|... No. 178 with ae INSTRUMENT COMPAR Y compass $5()% WRITE FOR 651 No. BROADWAY ST.LOUIS, MO. = “FOLGER, F272 ALUMINUM VISE The handiest and most practical vise made for the Carpenter. Its weight is only 23 Lbs. and it is easily attached to end of Bench or Horse by tightening thumb screw. Holds boards, windows or doors plumb or horizontal. $3.75 Postpaid. J. Mc. WATERSTON—428 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. Send for our No. 25 Catalog showing a complete line of Carpenters’ Tools. Sa. CARPENTERS Demand the Best The Genuine F.P. M. SAWS AND BLADES The Saw of Superior Quality with a National Reputation. Manu- factured by a member of U. B. of C. & J. of A. No. 1. If your dealer does not handle, write direct to me. F. P. MAXSON, Sole Manufacturer 3722 N. Ashland Ave. CHICAGO, ILL. A TOOL-BOX NECESSITY—THE METAL \ ; f Made of Zine, TAINTOR POSITIVE SAW SET. The iy so | | a Tool which sets your saw Right. Banas . We carry a complete stock of Plain Rib, Corrugated and Double Rib, Brass Saddles, Thresholds, Brass Channel Water-Bar, Spring Bronze, Dust Plates. We also sell the Tools for the complete installation. Send Is there a Taintor in Your Tool-box? If not, talk it over with your hardware dealer. for Price List. Send for Book: ‘Care of Saws.” Free to members of the Brotherhood. : . TAINTFOR MFG. Co., 95 Reade st, 4 | Accurate Metal Weather Strip Co. q New York City, > 310 East 26th St. New York City | THE MORESHEAD ANGLE DIVIDERS
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Vou need a HUTH ER Dado head Developed from our own patents, this adjustable groover cuts either with or across the grain. Cutters may be used singly, in pairs or in any combination necessary for de- sired cut. Send for one on approval. It may be returned at our ex- pense if unsatisfac- tory. Huther Bros. Saw Mfg. Co. Rochester, N. Y. Makers of Better Saws for More than Fifty Years A SAW IS AS SAFE AS ITS SAFETY GUARD The Telescoping Guard Completely Encloses The Blade wy PAT- ENTED WRITE FOR CATALOG 41 No. Braddock Ave. GEAR WORKS, we. Pittsburgh, Pa. Division of Simonds Saw and Steel Company A POWER SAW TABLE At a Popular Price AS a permanent, profitable invest- ment you can't buy a_ better saw than this ball-bearing Bench Saw motor operated and guaranteed a precision machine in every particular. Table 18” x 24” can be raised or lowered 23” with tilting angle up to 45 degrees. Combination rip, cut- off, and miter-gauge is furnished; also splitter, guard, and 8” saw. Sold with or without base and motor, Complete specifications and low price on request, AMERICAN SAW MILL MACHINERY CO. 136 Main Street HACKETTSTOWN, N. J. ==NE Wa LIGHT WEIGHT — HIGH SPEED FREE-O-DUST SUPER FLOOR SURFACER Easily carried by one man without removing motor Plugs into any ordinary light socket Sanding drum 8” wide Sands close up to base- board No dust—no chatter marks Fast and powerful Ball bearing throughout Mail the coupon today and get full information and details of our FREE TRIAL OFFER Electric Rotary Machine Co. 3835 W. Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. ELECTRIC ROTARY MACH. CO. [0-29 3835 W. Lake St. Chicago, II. Please send full information on your new HIGH SPEED LIGHT WEIGHT FLOOR SURFACER. AGQTCOSS: cian ce kn sew tga a See wbe ach eee nee ee a ne SE eee re ete ee. aonn- : Staten nncenwume
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anv estigate the facts that sell § Carpenters, pon teactors. realtors—anyone in the floct® -sanding business, —" the SPEEDMATIC ‘‘8’’ floor-sanding machine after checking facts like ese ; High speed 8” drum (revolving surface speed. 2300 ft. p. m.) gets into low _ spots and*smaller places. with terrific rapidity and gives a perfect finish. Runs off floor plug. Low sandpaper cost. Easily transported. Greater handling ease due to 16 precision ball bearings. Less wear and tear—making for low maintenance costs. Many other important facts about this SPEEDMATIC ‘‘8’*—the one man, 142 lb. floor sanding machine. Same scientific principles included in the SPEEDMATIC ‘‘12’’, a heavier model. Don’t be without the economies of- fered. Send for further information. The Porter-Cable Machine Co. {700 No. Salina St., Syracuse, N. Y. PORT!) (ABLE i THE JAMES SWAN CO. SEYMOUR, CONN. NEW YORK OFFICE: 28 WARREN ST. | aie tke Make money ° @ MONEY with this Parks! complete mm WEATHERSTRIP | | with motor Good carpenters everywhere are making Floor space re- REAL MONEY _ installing ALLMETAL guired only | WEATHERSTRIP. _ = 42x72 inches! ; | Heise gan al aie ao ae ponay’ gar Put this Parks Cabinet Shop Special in : weatherstrip. Just think of the oppor- your home shop. Then turn out all kinds : tunities you have to profit by this demand. of special work and odd jobs to order— 4 Weatherstrip work is easy—no_ special screens, furniture, toys, cabinets, etc. training is required. You can do it in Make your spare hours worth real ger your spare time or as a_ steady occupa- Ae ay “rage work is too kyl ; = a5 tion. Why not add from $25.00 to $30.00 arks with band saw, jointer, circular a week to your income? saw and motor is only $290. Add $25 for shaper, $15 for lathe, $2.50 for sander. RETURN COUPON TODAY FOR FURTHER INFORMATION Sena for circular Hee ee eee eRe Om TL | mars ot alt wootworing mxcny sice 18 Gentlemen; Send literature and samples. | Canadian Factory: 333 Notre Dame East, Montreal : a Se ‘| PARKS | | No 5 ig a ap bat | . 3 WOODWORKING MACHINES — . Ss er ae reraren pe Ee ee es ee ee livery Parks is guaranteed 10 years : GROEN RN LE eee BORER Re RO ee : . _ . ee a a
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as 2 i. H eres A | BARGAIN You can have a Cheney NAILER, the remarkable nail-holding, nail- placing hammer at the same price of an ordinary Cheney Hammer. = Every Cheney Curved Claw Hammer earries the nail-holder. It is an integ- ral part of the hammer. It does not af- fect the “hang’’. It does not detract from the strength and driving force in the head. Ana this wonderful added conven- ience costs you nothing. Carpenters Know! A Cheney NAILER soon pays for it- -* self in the time and labor saved. You will find it one of the handi- est tools you’ve ever owned. Try a one. Your own dealer can : 3 supply you. Quality is Always the Same The Cheney When you see TrimPak, the ulti- 1 . mate interior trim for doors and 2 4 NAILER windows, being delivered to jobs where you are working, you know you are going to be able to do a high-class, workmanlike job. For TrimPak is made only by the best mills from their best grades of lum- ber, and immediately after being sanded it is packed in sturdy dust- proof and moisture-proof cartons. Two cartons contain the complete trim for a door or a window. You need never hestitate to recommend TrimPak to any builder who wants a quality job. Cs 7 y Highest Grade. |\\* ; UINTERIOR FINISH Each piece of TrimPak is shipped one inch longer than required, and the carpenter does the cutting and fitting on the job. TRIMPAK CORPORATION Price $150 44 Whitehall Street, New York, N. Y. 1 lb. Hammer If you need any special information about 0 tO TrimPak, ask your lumber dealer or use the ° east of the Mississippi coupe Laine ——S EES fie Re Se Oe ee Ee ee Oe Oe FAT ee ee TRIMPAK CORPORATION, 44 Whitehall Street, New York, N. Y. Please send complete information on — — TrimPak as advertised in the Carpenter, October issue. 06-110 LAFAYETTE ST. NEW YORK CITY Name eeeeteeeeee oeweeeeeeees eee eeeoeeee ee 8 eo Address se Be Nate ee ee C-1029
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Steady Work This Winter A Fine Paying Cash Business of your 4 Own! ; A Personal Matter! You may install-row after row of finest machinery —- use the best of material — follow desicns that are modern to the minute — and still have only a fair product if every man in the plant doesn’t make his firm’s success a personal matter. It is this extra ‘‘personal element’? which maintains the high quality of Russell Jennings Auger Bits .... always known by the full name stamped on the round. The Russell Jennings Mfg., Co. Chester, Connecticut “IT am _ kept busy filing saws. To tell the truth I get more saws than I can handle. Every- body who uses a saw that is sharp- ened on the Foley says how well _ it works.’’ —William G. Diederich. FOLEY «incSAW FILER Make Big Money ‘AUGER BITS FOR PERMANENT ~ QUALITY REPAIR~ AT HARDWARE AND PAINT STORES This machine files all kinds of saws so much better than hand filing that carpenters and other saw users will give you all the business you can handle. Thomas Hoadley writes, ‘“‘Dur- ° ing the last two years I have filed be- tween 25,000 and 30,000 saws. I now have two Foley Filers.” Start In Spare Time File Your Own Saws Make $2 to $4 an hour extra money in your spare time while starting, and keep your own saws in perfect condition. The Foley Filer is simple and easy to operate—no eye strain. Automatically evens all teeth as it files, so that every tooth cuts. Get Started Now N5 dull seasons or lay-offs for saw filers with a toley. Get started in your own cash busin.ss 10ow—frcse plan helps you get started. This Plan FREE om Foley Manufacturing Co., /= | 2 =: 482 Foley Bids.» 1{ Main St. N. Minneapolis, hee’ PLASTIC WOOD (Reg. U.S. Pat. Of,] Handles Like Putty Hardens Into Wood Addison-Leslie Co. 612 Bolivar St., Canton, Mass. Tell me how your free plan will help me start my own cash business in my spare time. eee ee eeeeweeereveeeeeeeeewewneeen eee eee eee Too) Pe eR 2-6 9 0FD -4 OC. SE 16 ie Tipe O06 050m 8 90-2 sere ee ewe eee ees ee eee @ebRILEAlU «© © © we we eee
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_|Ready To Lay ROOF ann DECK CLOTH The ideal covering for roofs and floors of piazzas, sun parlors, and all flat roofs. WATERPROOF WEATHERPROOF DURABLE FLEXIBLE LAYS FLAT—STAYS FLAT Requires no white lead bedding. Write for Sample Book T. ~ 4 JOHN BOYLE & CO., INC. SSONNY ? @ Ye | 112-114 Duane St. NEW YORK ROOF rs DECK REG. U. S. PaT. OFF. ST. LOUIS BOSS? Note: Mr. Thomas, a floor finishng contractor, using AMERICAN.Sanders, has an income well over the $6000 mark. 1317=1319 Pine’ St.- This Wint ! Will there be dull seasons—Lay-offs and short pay checks OR— Will you, like Mr. Thomas, have all the work you can do—a steady Income and—BE YOUR OWN GABELOUVRE | ATTIC VENTILATOR | _ STOPS EXPANSION AND CONTRAC- TION OF ROOFS. Admits 80% Air Circula- tion but Keeps Out Weather. Can be made air tight during win- ter months if desired. Guaranteed for life of building. Perfect for barns, garages, poultry houses, ete. Can be opened or closed instantly. Details mailed on request. VENTILOUVRE CO. BRIDGEPORT, CONN. The AMERICAN HIGH PRODUCTION Floor Sander With American Business Building Plans has paved the way to steady income and ALSO. Business of their Own for hundreds. THEY CAN FOR YOU You too should have an Income of $6000 a year or more, Write now for full information-—Use the Coupon. The American Floor Surfacing Machine Co., ae eS Il 522 So. St. Clair St., Dept. I, Toledo, Ohio. I Gentlemen: Without obligating me, I want to know. all [J about the American High Production sander and how to ' build up an independent Business of my Own. i > ra Pe i I Name oor e eee ewe ee eee eeeeeseeeseeeeeeeereseee “ ereeveeeeeee y Address eeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeveeeevee eee e8 eeeeeveevneeee202829380809 Pe oe od ec oO es eae 6 ae oeiaiee
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GY sae 4 0: ae eee? 7 Unper stress and strain something is apt to break [3 Es Riatiese | unless the various units of A=” wien. Venter” Conétnuction the job are assembled with good screws. This is one of the pictures in our For almost a century the new Free Book on Cabot’s Quilt.| | American Serew Company 3 This book tells the whole truth has been making good ti, " - mes . screws—screws that have eee about insulation, and it is a valuable steed the 20it ofdisaed wah book to show to customers who strain in all types of assem- want to build warm houses and bly work. save 10 to 30% in furnaces and fuel Try Amotican, Sorens.oh bills. your next job. You will notice that the points are | $ sharper, the heads harder ! . and the threads truer. ae a ‘@ Sy Send for our booklet ««Wood | . Screws’”’ telling many interest- | O | I ing facts about our products. Send the coupon below for our new Free.Book on Cabot’s Quilt. Send ; ; ena in this Coupon Today MACHINE SCREWS WOOD SCREWS TIRE BOLTS STOVE BOLTS AMERICAN SCREW CQ. PROVIDENCE,R.I.,U.S.A. WESTERN DEPOT,225 WEST RANDOLDH ST..CHICAGO,.ILL. Warman one Put HE Together With Screws 4 € your free book Houses,” :
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med -- Because He Carries Good Tools To a man in the building trades there is no need to emphasize the import- ance of dependable tools. Given good quality tools, the carpenter is ready for almost any job which may come to his hand during the working day. Given a Nicholson: or Black Diamond File, he knows that he holds in his hand a carefully ‘edged, perfectly balanced, painstakingly tested tool. At hardware and mill sup- ply dealers’ in shapes and sizes for every demand. NICHOLSON FILE CO. Providence, R.1!.,U.S.A. MOLS, oe < Sey oe USA Providence Factory Philadelphia Factory _ Nicholson File Co, G. & H. Barnett Co. The Strongest Glue Known Easy to Use— Simply stir it in cold water. No Heating— Mix it cold and use it cold on cold lumber. Eliminates the old fashioned messy glue-pot. Unparalleled Strength— A Casco glued joint is stronger than the wood itself. Tests 3800 Ibs. per Square inch on hard maple. Waterproof— Moisture or atmospheric changes do not affect Casco. Economical— One pound makes 1% quarts of high- powered liquid glue—-and it spreads further. Results— Always uniform and unfailing. Your sample package will prove that Casco is the most practical, durable, convenient and inexpensive glue you have ever used. Fill out completely the coupon below and a generous trial package will be promptly forwarded postage prepaid. THE CASEIN MANUFACTURING CO. OF AMERICA, Inc. 15 Park Row, New York SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY TRIAL OFFER The Casein Mfg. Co., :15 Park Row, New York Enclosed find 25¢c (stamps only) to cover postage and handling cost for which send me your trial package of Casco Glue, Hardware Dealer’s Name (Please include)
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mu) Here’sa GOOD nail chisel that cuts clean and quick—a floor ripper you can depend on. Specially designed for the carpenter, plumber, builder and others who want to speed up their work. | CHI OW comes a new and better Reid- N* ay sander. Unchanged in prin- ciple—one moving part is still the paramount feature. After three years of practical tests in the hands of users, certain changes and improve- ments have been suggested. The most practical of these have been incor- porated in the design of the Reid- Way Whirlwind. In addition to those features which have made the Reid-Way the most popular light sanding machine, the new Reid-Way Whirlwind has more efficiency—positive con- trol—does one-third more work. Completely enclosed to insure the safety of operators. Light — fast cutting—dustless. Write for circular. Perfect control and ease of han- dling insured with the Whirlwind model through the use of ball-bear- ing .guide rollers. A Gonvenient handle on the front facilitates bench sanding. THE REID-WAY CO. 774 North Sixteenth Street Cedar Rapids, lowa Hand forged special analysis tool steel of Mayhew quality, famous for 73 years. Two sizes:—No. 880 with a 6 in. blade and overall length of 12 inches. 70c each. No. 881 has a 94” blade and is 15 inches overall. $1.00 each. Ask Your Hardware Dealer MAYHEW STEEL PRODUCTS INC. Shelburne Falls, Mass. ALUMINUM General Purpose (go lb.) Floor Sander Latest Model—Just Out! Built for GREAT SPEED and HIGHEST QUALITY of work. No vibrations—no dust—no chains—no belts. Roller sands even with wall on either side of machine. 9” long roller 1% HP AC&DC motor. Write for price WAYVELL CHAPPELL & CO. 38 Jackson St., Dept. W, Waukegan, III. Here’ s Your EMPIRE LEVEL Aluminum Level. : If you send $£.65 The famous Level with the patented EM- || us your order Pay PIRE interchangeable vial cases—the fea- magazine and sn ture that makes it possible to change broken you a genuine »__ S738 glasses quickly and easily. Compare this | 22? 'free, /™™ 28" — wonderful level with any other and appre- 20".°4” ciate its real quality. It’s the level for you. POST PAID EMPIRE LEVEL MFG. CO., MILWAUKEE fh Sr! . , PS OER a ee ee Cee
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_—— ROCK drive home owners the tile effects they want You can meet the demand for tile-like walls with Sheetrock Tile Board. It does not buckle or warp. Finishes that compare favorably with the best ceramic tile are easily obtained. The tile-pattern is square. Impressions are deep and hold their form indefinitely. The ivory-colored surface has a toughness and density similar to that of New Improved Sheetrock. It can be either enameled or lacquered. Sheetrock Tile Board saws and nails like lumber. It is used extensively in kitchens, dinettes, bathrooms and other places where tile-effects are desired. Fixtures are easily fitted into it without injury to the design. Ask your lumber or building material dealer for a sample. UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPANY Department 4M General Offices: 300 W.AdamsSt., Chicago, III. Sole Distributors for Canada: - Canadian Gypsum Company, Limited Hillyard Street, Hamilton, Ont. ; (Reg. U. S. Patent Office) TILE BOARD js _ Made only by the United. tinea Gypsum Company
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SILVER STEEL Mr. Happy Man Says: “EVERY CARPENTER SHOULD | (autaueichns HAVE A COPY OF SAW SENSE” [8 SS SS Atkins originated the scientific handle for high grade saws—The Improved Perfection Handle. All others are imitations. To assure yourself of obtaining the right saw with the Improved Perfection Handle ask your hardware merchant for, ATKINS No. 53 Skew Back lA ees ATKINS No. 400 Skew Back ee ATKINS No. 401 Straight Back [jo < SS ATKINS No. 65 Straight Back SS These saws are made in regular width, also in popular light weight ship point. Other Atkins SILVER STEEL Saws with Old Style Handles can be obtained by ask- ing for Nos. 50, 51, 52, 64, or 72. ~ \\ SS yyy SX So THE BEST VALUE FOR THE MONEY {KX Re ERSTE RES, \ < : We A Tm Leading manufacturers of Saws, saw tools, if & saw specialties, grinding wheels, machine knives, files and circular saws for electri- cally driven machines... \ NSN Mail us 25¢ for~fine high grade nail apron and receive with it SAW SENSE and useful souvenir. E.C.ATKINS & CO. ESTABLISHED 1857 THE SILVER STEEL SAW PEOPLE Home Office and Factory, INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA; & Canadian Factory, Hamilton Ontario Machine Knife Factory, Lancaster N.Y. Branches Carrying Complete Stocks la The Following Citless SS ~ \ pier, Nwoame, See Chicago Port hispid Porie, France codes ver, Boe ee