Kappa Alpha Theta Journal, Vol. 29 no. 4

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Kappa Alpha Theta L. Pearle Green^ Editor Volume 29 May, 1915 Number 4 CONTENTS Women progress number Woman as a human being, Mabel Hale ...... 303 Education of women, Sarah E. Cotton . . . . . . 305 Woman’s rational development, Mrs. Jessie Wright Whitcomb . . 308 Principles of equal suffrage, Mary W. J^ippincott . . . • 3^^ Expediency of votes for women, Mrs. Justine T^eavitt Wilson . . 313 Editorials ........... 321 After-convention reunions ......... 324 New chapter homes ......... 326 Convention daily, Mrs. Estelle Riddle Dodge ..... 328 ! ? ! . ' . . .330 Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . ‘331 Glacier National Park, Mrs. Aurel Murtey Hare ..... 33b Alumn — ? ............ 337 Panama-Pacific exposition ........ 338 Majority and minority voting ....... 34^ Chapters letters .......... 34b In memoriam .......... 402 Theta Service board ......... 403 Directory ........... 404 All manuscripts should be addressed to the Editor, L. Pearle Green, IS East Ave., Ithaca, N. Y. Material intended for publication must reach the Editor by the first day of the months of October, December, February, April. The Kappa Alpha Theta is published the first of November, January, March, May, at 450-454 Ahnaip Street, Menasha, Wisconsin, by George Banta, official printer and publisher to the fraternity. Price 25 cents per copy. $1.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter October 18, 1909, at the postoffice at Menasha, Wisconsin, under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.

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^^The womavfs cause is man^s; they rise or sink Together, dwarf d or godlike, bond or free. For she that out of Lethe shares mth man His nights, his days, moves with him to one goal. Stays all the fair young planets in her hands — If she be small, slight-natured, miserable, Hoiv shall men grow? but work no more alone! Our place is much; as far as in us lies We two will serve them both in aiding her — Will clear away the parasitic forms That seem to keep her up but drag her down — Will leave her space to burgeon out of all Within her — let her make herself her own To give or keep, to live and learn and be All that not harms distinctive womanhood. Yet in the long years liker must they grow; The man be more of woman, she of man; He gain in sweetness and in moral height. Nor lose the wrestling thews that throw the world She mental breadth, nor fail in childward care. Nor lose the childlike in the larger mind ; Till at the last she set herself to man. Like perfect music unto noble words; And so these hmin, upon the skirts of Time, Sit side by side, full-summ*d in all their powers Tennyson

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Kappa Alpha Theta Volume 29 May, 1915 Number 4 WOMAN AS A HUMAN BEING By Mabel Hale^ {Iota) A.B., A.M. In the harassing complexity of life in the twentieth century, the question of industrial unrest and unrest among women stand so conspicuously, so forbiddingly in our path that not the most irrespon¬ sible person can hope to escape the general obsession. There is no threat of evil in either movement — on the contrary, they hold great promise for democracy and for the future of the race. Underlying all the varying demands put forward by woman and all her aggressive assertion of rights is the determination to be first of all a human being, to be free to make of her life what her ability and desires enable her to make of it. And — putting aside irritated medical men like Sir Almoth Wright and all the funny Mr. Heflins of Alabama — underlying the opposi¬ tion of many men is the half -articulate dread that woman is not and cannot be an individual. Remember that as far back as memory and history go, women have been complements, helpmates, human poul¬ tices, creatures who either had naturally, or developed through their method of life, the indirect tactics that go with a slave class. They have accepted man-made moral systems and religions and have been comfortably adaptable and self-sacrificing. In return for these useful and soothing virtues, they have been freed from responsibility — have been secure and protected. The question is whether a class which in all history has been content to be a follower is capable of producing human beings of the master type. But, dropping the open question of ability, let us turn and face an altered world. The question is no longer academic. In the past, though holding the position of inferiors, women did a useful and interesting and dignified share of the work of the world. Now that the inventive male mind has transferred their chief occupations to factories, they are left with the choice of being merely protected complements or of making an effort to join the master class. The choice has been made, the choice for economic and spiritual freedom and it is this decision which forms the basis of the wide¬ spread psychologic phenomenon which we call feminism. The awak¬ ening is revolutionary. *‘‘Duality of interest between men and women will cease to exist only when w^omen sink back into the position of *From Bondu'omen.

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304 Kappa Alpha Theta females with nothing beyond, or when they stand recognized as ‘masters’ among other ‘masters’, considering their sex just as much an incidental concern as men consider theirs. By securing the ‘protection’ of a man, a woman rids herself of the responsibility of earning her own living. Following upon this beginning, so many pleasures accrue that under their influence women are soothed into such a willing acceptance of their position that they are unable to see the unspiritedness of it. Moreover, besides having ‘protection’ and maintenance, they achieve physical maturity; they have the great adventure of having children; they secure companions and avoid the loneliness of existence; and they live easily under a ready-made code and under the sanction of the communal blessing. “For this protected position women give up all first-hand power. Really, the power to work and think. To women are offered the great soporifics — comfort and protection. Nothing but one thing — the sense of quality, the sense that a woman has gifts, the sense that she is a superior, a master — can give her the strength to slip the comfort and protection, to suffer the long strain of effort and to bear the agony of producing creative work. Women will learn that their freedom will consist in appraising their own worth, in setting their own standards and living up to them, and putting behind them forever their role of complacent self-sacrifice. For none can judge of another soul’s value. A morality begotten in a community where one-half are born servants may glibly say that it is woman s highest role to be the comforter of men and children ; but it is the truth, and men and women both must learn it, that while to be a human poultice is to have great utility, it does not offer the conditions under which vivid new life-manifestations are likely to show them¬ selves, either in the ‘Comforter’ or the ‘Comforted’.” In a world where only inferiors are denied the franchise, what perhaps otherwise might be a rather small part of a great whole, is a very vital and immediate part. Hence the tremendous stress on votes for women. This feminism, so-called, is growing and vigorous and like all things young and vigorous, is not pleasing in all its manifestations. But, as their narrowness in the past has often stunted human effort, so in the future only good is to be looked for from the political and economic and spiritual freedom of the Mothers of the race. The difficulties they face are many, for: *“Women today are embarked upon a career for which their tradition is no guide. The first result, of course, is a vast amount of trouble. The emancipated woman has to fight something worse than the crusted prejudices of her uncles ; she has to fight the bewilderment in her own soul. She who always *From Walter Lippman’s Drift and Mastery.

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Education of women 305 took what was given to her has to find for herself. She who passed without a break from the dominance of her father to the dominance of her husband is suddenly compelled to govern herself. Almost at one stroke she has lost the authority of a little world and has been thrust into a very big one, which nobody, man or woman, under¬ stands very well.” A BRIEF RESUME OF THE EDUCATION OF WOMEN IN THE UNITED STATES By Sarah E. Cotton^ {Beta) A.B. Present Status Women now enjoy equal educational privileges with men. With very few exceptions they are admitted to all institutions of learning. Since the great majority of the best institutions are open to women, the few exceptions hardly count. The achievement is wonderful when the meagre beginnings and slow progress made are considered. Early Conditions At the beginning of our history women were not considered man’s equal intellectually. It is not the purpose here to trace the intel¬ lectual development of women in order to understand why this was true, hut simply accept the fact and try to show how they have gradu¬ ally grown out of their early bondage and become educationally free. Dame Schools The Dame Schools presented the first opportunity for the educa¬ tion of girls in this country. These were at first small, private schools, elementary and primitive in character. They were taught by women and intended primarily to prepare boys for the grammar schools. Although girls were admitted from the beginning, it does not seem to have entered the minds of either men or women that girls also should prepare for and enter the grammar schools. At any rate grammar schools did not admit them until a short time before the Revolution, then in rare cases. In the rulings for the Hopkins School in New Haven made in 1684 appears the following :**.... and all girls be excluded as improper and inconsistent with such a grammar school as ye law enjoins and as is the Designe of this settlement.” Grammar Schools When girls were finally admitted to the grammar schools they were given but two hours instruction each day. In some schools “any two hours convenient for the teacher” in others “the two earliest hours of the day — from five to seven.” The concession for admis-

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306 Kappa Alpha Theta sion seems to have been due to the fact that some one discovered that they were “a tender and interesting branch of the community, but were much neglected in the public schools.” Public Education Toward the end of the eighteenth century many New England towns made provisions for the education of girls. In 1784 Dorchester provided for their first public education. The town voted “that such girls as can read the psalter be allowed to attend the grammar school from the first day of June to the first day of October.” In 1789 Boston established what was called a “double-headed” school where girls were given the same privilege as boys, but the sexes were taught separately. In 1826 girls’ grammar schools were established. One writer tells us that “after a discussion of three years, the city-fathers of Boston resolved to establish a high school for girls on the model of its admirable high school for boys. But such an array of young women battered the gates of that educational heaven with storms of prayers, that after a trial of eighteen months the dismayed corporation decided — to enlarge the building and multiply teachers? No, but to close the school altogether.” Private Academies Many private academies were opened in New England as girls proved their ability to learn. In 1818 the Rev. Joseph Emerson opened his academy and offered girls the opportunity to study philo¬ sophy and other branches which up to that time had been open to boys only. Emma Willard’s Academy, Troy, New York, established in 1821; Catharine Beecher’s girls’ school, Hartford, Connecticut, in 1822 and Adam’s Academy, Drury, New Hampshire, in 1823 were among the most noted of that period. The last mentioned is recorded as the first in New England incorporated for girls. Miss Willard and Mary Lyon, the latter of Mt. Holyoke fame, were teachers there. Other parts of the country were more conservative in offering education to girls. In the South, the home was thought to furnish sufficient education though in some cases they shared privileges with their brothers, and sometimes had a visit to Europe to insure proper polish. For a considerable part of the eighteenth century not more than one-fourth of the women of the South could write. Pennsylvania records two academies, and Kentucky one. In 1875 there were 311 separate schools for girls. The number is not nearly so great now, since public schools for the most part have become coeducational. Coeducational Schools For the sake of convenience and economy arose the custom of teaching the sexes together. When the sexes were taught separately V

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Education of women 307 the girls were the sufferers, so far as the character of the work was concerned. “Up to 1878 the girls^ school of Boston did not provide sufficiently advanced courses to prepare its students for entrance to college. Although the boys’ schools have done so for more than twenty-ffve years.” The same condition prevailed in Baltimore. However, the coeducational schools of smaller places were giving to girls the same advantages as boys. The West recognized quickly that coeducation was not only convenient and economical, but peda¬ gogical as well and so adopted the plan without question or experi¬ ment. The South has been more conservative, but coeducation there is now almost universal. In several states the sexes are still taught separately, especially is this true in secondary schools. Higher Education When it was finally found that women were intellectually as capable as their brothers it was not a long step to provide higher education for them. There were three kinds of institutions of higher learning to which they were admitted : separate and distinct colleges for women; women’s colleges affiliated with institutions for men, and coeducational institutions. Of the many women’s colleges established before 1850 but two have risen to prominence, Mt. Holyoke College, opened in 1837 and Rockford College, in 1849. The former owes its origin to Miss Mary Lyon. Miss Lyon was a woman of exceptional ability and gave her whole life to the cause of higher education for women. Vassar College This brings us to the Civil War. Up to this time many oppor¬ tunities for higher education had been given women, but few had responded to it. We have found all along that education for women has progressed, not on account of demands of women for it, but as other ideas have progressed, slowly and naturally. The Civil War brought us a reunited country, with a new outlook, new necessities and new responsibilities. Vassar College founded in 1865 was one of the results of the awakening as was evidenced by its immediate recognition and by the eager and rapid response of women to it. It was a woman’s college, entirely distinct from any of its predecessors and gave to woman her educational freedom. The Future The great agitation now is not whether women shall have a part in education but of what does education consist. On every hand we hear the cry, educate for life. We are on the stage of action and cannot decide what education for life shall be. It is barely possible, as has often been the case, that in the search for great and remote answers to the question that things nearest, most commbn and always /

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308 Kappa Alpha Theta most important are overlooked. In all our splendid schemes for edu¬ cation there is nothing which trains young parents to care for their child. In each ideal home there is a present and a future generation, the present giving its best experiences to the future. What sort of training shall parents have in order to pass on the richest heritage pos¬ sible? The best is too meagre for the sacred trust. When we think of the millions of homes that have been built on the foundation of igno¬ rance, of those now existing — and with little hope for those of the future, we must admit that we are yet in great darkness and our education scarcely begun. The business of every individual is to put forth every effort to perfect his own life and thus contribute to the uplift of mankind. Any sort of education which contributes to this end constitutes a phase at least of education for life. There are many men and women with visions, but the great vision has not yet come, at least it has not been recognized. As the Civil War served to leaven the United States, so the present great struggle in Europe may cause the leavening of the whole world. When we know what is best for mankind we shall know what is best for America. In the near future we may see the beginnings of solution to world problems, probably in the form of an International University, financed and managed internationally with its main mis¬ sion to promote World Peace, the Brotherhood of Man and a plan for the proper care of new generations. THE NEXT STEP IN WOMAN’S RATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Mrs. Jessie Wright Whitcomb, {Lambda) A.B., A.M., LL.B During the last hundred years civilization has advanced more than during all the preceding centuries put together. Why? What has produced this effect? Where has this come to pass? It has come to pass where peculiar and inspiring conditions, affecting men and women alike — as among the early settlers in our own country — have combined to develop in our women a new sense of individuality, of self-reliance, of ambition and of freedom. These women were able to produce men who could advance the line of civilization, and women capable of availing themselves of whatever meager opportunities were theirs. It was enough to act as a lever. Step by step this development progressed through difficulties impossible to realize at this date. Step by step with it marched an increasing freedom for the individual, the conquest of physical forces and the gradual levelling up of the whole mass.

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Wo mattes rational development 309 This brings us face to face with the biggest fact in history — with the biggest lesson history has ever had to teach — with the lesson she has hammered home through the rise and fall of every nation — and the one lesson that has been persistently ignored. That lesson is this; No people can ever average any higher as a people than the average of the women who hore them. And as a corollary: Whatever artificial limitation has been set by any people to the development of its women has become the fixed boundary of that peoples progress. With these facts in mind, it is manifestly our business to take account of stock, to see where we stand, what brought us here, to what we wish to attain, and whither, as a matter of fact, we are tending. What are oui opportunities — what are our limitations ? At present, then : Intellectually, though without equal inducements, women have equal opportunities with their brothers. That this is so is due more to the open mindedness engendered by coeducation from the first grade up than to any other agency. And I want to say right here, that what¬ ever tendency may exist today among mothers, with the advantages of coeducation behind them, to send their daughters, in the most impressionable years, to schools of the one sex and consequently sex accentuating type — schools where unavoidably the atmosphere makes for dependence and restriction of thought and action — cannot be too strenuously deprecated. It is selling the girl’s birthright for a mess of pottage. Spiritually, freedom and bondage seem about alike for all. Physi¬ cally, sins against health, though not of the same sort, are divided about equally between the sexes; the most ignorantly criminal for both being committed under the name of marriage. Our handicaps — the most common and noticeable at least — are of two kinds : The development that comes from community responsibility — and a very high type it is — has been sedulously withheld from women. The effect of this short sighted policy is shown in the universally and persistently low standards of our governmental activities — town, country, state or national. Until wfe have developed a keen and wide¬ spread sense of community responsibility in the mothers, we are bound to lack it in the majority of the sons. The development that comes from industrial freedom is still lacking.

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310 Kappa Alpha Theta Although gradually various occupations, trades and professions have been forced open by women in dire need — whether physical or intellectual— the field as a whole is a closed field : on the principle that one swallow does not make a summer. The results of this closure are felt in every home in the land. The women who work feel it most acutely, because, in addition to severe economic handicaps, they are forced to do the same work, through the same hours, with the same skill as the men — for less pay. The effect of this injustice on transmittable traits can scarcely be esti¬ mated. To give but one example of this unjust industrial discrimination. What industry in this country employs the most women? The canning industry. What industry in this country exacts the longest hours and pays the lowest wages? The canning industry. The women who do not work are equally, although not so ap¬ parently, affected by this industrial restraint. Through the warp and woof of their whole nature — through their home life and other environment — is wrought the thread of industrial dependence — the lack of industrial independence and competence, the sense, enervating if not always irritating, of being obliged to live one’s whole life without being able to earn an honest dollar, or to wring a dollar cash for a dollar’s worth of work. That consciousness alone is one of the biggest handicaps now existing, although the least emphasized, to the right, sane and whole¬ some development of women. Women cannot consider themselves either industrially or person¬ ally independent until — old or young, married or single — they are able without violating the conventions of their environment to follow whatever occupation is best suited to their abilities. l^he industrial world is at present shaped entirely in the inter¬ ests of men ; women must take it as they find it. But the time must come when women will be industrially enough of a force to shape conditions to suit their own needs : as, for example, elastic hours and seasons adapted to women who are spending a portion of their time in bearing and rearing children. We are in a transitional stage; and it is of immense importance that women who might be a power toward shaping events as they should be shaped should not lie back depending wholly on the women who are least able to bear the brunt of winning unassisted this further opportunity for development. Our openings have been im¬ mensely widened by the women who, driven by the whip of neces¬ sity, have cut the path along which we tread complacently with heads up. We fail to realize what we owe to our 88,000 telephone girls,

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Principles of equal suffrage 311 to our 263,000 stenographers, to our 250,000 independent farmers, to our 270,000 saleswomen who have broken through established cus¬ toms and into a formerly rather rigid business world. They, more than we, are creating an atmosphere in which it will soon become reasonably easy for a woman, if she will, to work at what she is most fitted for — with a money remuneration. Until women learn that in addition to not being idle they must be trained to perform something of the work the world needs to have done and is willing to pay for — and all work worth doing belongs in that class — they have not taken the next step up in rational de¬ velopment. PRINCIPLES OF EQUAL SUFFRAGE Mary W. Lippincott (Alpha Beta) B.L., A.M. In tracing the larger aspects of the woman’s movement, Jane Addams has shown that some clearly discernible features of the grow¬ ing cause are its spontaneity and universality, its appearance among manifold classes of society and nations, its inherent vitality which ac¬ cumulates strength in its onward, dynamic surge. Broadly speaking, equal suffrage is a phase of this world-wide woman’s movement and a part of the evolutionary idea of self-govern¬ ment which has developed through the centuries, gradually including new groups of people and thus introducing into governments fresh human interests which in turn democratize the states, incorporating them. No matter what the system of polity may be, a greater recogni¬ tion of the rights of each citizen has been leavening all nations. History shows that the interests of any class are best promoted by the political representation of that class, and whether because of his¬ torical analysis or an instinctive desire for self-government, the peo¬ ples of the earth are claiming fuller political rights. In a republic, the government is administered by representatives chosen by the people. In the democracy of America, the government rests upon the principle of the equality of all citizens. Theoretically, every mature person, not disqualified by mental deficiency or crime, is the acknowledged political equal of every other and entitled to the same privileges, under the law. Although the principle of demo¬ cratic representation is right, its application in unenfranchised states fails of justice in that practically one-half of the adult population is denied the exercise of the franchise. Women have no power of ex¬ pression in government either directly or through their chosen repre¬ sentatives and cannot have until they are given the ballot. Women are taxed without representation and are held responsible for obedi¬ ence to laws which they had no part in making. The crux of the

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312 Kappa Alpha Theta struggle for equal suffrage lies in the obvious injustice of requiring women to obey and support institutions while denying them a share in the creation and control of such institutions. This position is one of political slavery. Dr. Anna Shaw says, “Every man knows at heart that he could not be self-respecting if he were deprived of the ballot. He knows that whether the franchise is a right or a privi¬ lege, every citizen must have it to be free, since economic independ¬ ence, intellectual independence, even spiritual independence cannot exist without political freedom as a foundation.” The franchise carries a power necessary for a direct, dignified and fully effective participation in the affairs of national life. Advocates of equal suffrage want the vote for various reasons. Some desire the ballot to effect specific legislation; others wish the franchise to defend property rights; others, to control conditions of labor, et cetera. Whatever particular interest is at stake, the funda¬ mental plea is always simple justice and the general underlying mo¬ tive to the cause of which the vote is a partial expression, is the aspiration for personal expansion — for the untrammeled chance to be free to develop without artificial limitations to ambitions which one’s inner consciousness knows to be legitimate and imperative. With this driving impulse, comes the demand for the creation of a public opinion which will recognize the justice and value of equal educa¬ tional, economic and political opportunities for men and women, with a response on the part of society which will furnish media for the realization of such aims. The status of women is changing in various respects. Many of the activities under the management of women in the early part of the nineteenth century are now beyond private direction and if women continue to follow their interests, political representation must result. Industry has taken into factories occupations previously carried on by women in their homes. Conditions of labor were theirs to stipu¬ late — today state and national laws regulate their employment and they have no vote to compel consideration of their claims. Social service and philanthropies, personally sustained in the past by women’s interests and efforts, are largely under political control. Situations intimately affecting healthy domestic life now require the entrance of women into politics if women’s responsibilities are to continue. Food, milk, water, health in congested districts, amuse¬ ments for children and education — are all affairs of women and are matters for political dispensation. Only a short time has passed since women had practically no civil rights, were excluded from the pulpit, lost their legal identity in marriage, were considered mentally inferior to men and unworthy of serious education. Even today the father is sole guardian of the

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Expediency of votes for women 313 child and can dispose of it at will in all but approximately twenty and largely by the sacrificial efforts of pioneer suffragists — notably, states. Many sex disabilities of fifty years ago have been removed the right to a college education was won by a suffragist. The im¬ provements in woman’s position have been accomplished by innumer¬ able appeals and petitions and expenditures of energy quite beyond what is needed when an opinion is fortified by a ballot. There yet remain discriminations — political, legal, economic, domestic, re¬ ligious, educational, et cetera — to remind us that women must have full freedom, including political equality with men, before society will regard them primarily as human beings, then as women. THE JUSTICE AND EXPEDIENCY OF THE VOTE FOR WOMEN Mrs. Justine Leavitt Wilson (Upsilon) A.B. **Let US march then, all together, not because our leaders call. But at summons of the mighty soul of man within us all. Men and women, equal comrades, let us storm the nation’s wall And cry “Equality !” For the vote that brings to woman and to man life’s common bread. Is mightier than the mindless gun that leaves a million dead ; And the rights of Man shall triumph where once men and women bled When mothers of men are free.” Percy MacKaye’s “Hymn for Equal Suffrage.” At a recent fall election in a Middle West town a group of en¬ thusiastic suffragists were covering its poles. Two women who were serving at a poling place in a Dutch quarter of the town were sur¬ rounded most of the day by boys from the neighborhood who hooted and commented, making themselves a nuisance generally. One of these sturdy sons of Holland, growing more bold than the others, shouted, “You’d make a fine president of the United States, you would !” “O, I don’t know,” came the mild reply, “your Queen Wilhelmina seems to have done pretty well.” The boys retired quite abashed, but returned presently and said: “O, well, it’s different with Queen Wilhelmina; she had it in¬ herited on her, she didn’t meddle in.” After pausing long enough to smile at this delicious bit of Dutch- English sentence structure one begins to reflect upon the significance of the utterance. Could anything express more naively, at the same time more characteristically the unthinking, unreasoning attitude of mind that is the cumulative result of generations of traditional pre¬ judice? — an undiscriminating attitude of mind acquired by each suc¬ ceeding generation with little or no effort ? Whatever is, is right ! The gods ordained, let it be so! To dare to change the order of things is worse than heresy I

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314 Kappa Alpha Theta Sentiments like these hark back to the old notion of government as a mystery ; hark back to the time when it was the chief concern of rulers to conduct government for the benefit of the ruling classes, to keep the mass of people — the peasants, the merchants and the artisans — in ignorance and awe of high authority. Yet, in spite of the mystery which fortified the aristocracy of governments, our fore¬ fathers broke away from the bondage and serfdom imposed upon them by over lords, and, little by little, spurred on by a vision of democracy, through persecution and revolution, came forth into the freedom of self-government. It is a wonderful tale that grips the heart and imagination of every justice-loving patriot. Not less impressive has been the emergence of woman from a state of sheltered serfdom, of ignorance and dependence, to educational, economic, and, latterly, political freedom. One recalls the heroic battle that far-seeing, brave-hearted women like Emma Willard, Catherine Beecher and Mary Lyon waged during the forepart of the nineteenth century in the interests of education for women. They made a noble appeal for a continuous and consistent course of educa¬ tion which at once created a tremendous stir as it fell athwart the old tradition that every mother’s daughter should only wish to be docile, well-mannered, and trained to certain accomplishments that might add grace to her anemic langour. Prejudice, of course, re¬ belled against the new program at every step, yet to no permanent avail. For in 1865 Vassar College was established and the higher education of women became an assured fact. At a little later junc¬ ture, it will be remembered, women who had been fortunate enough to make serviceable thinking instruments of their minds, through the advantage of higher education, felt the urge to enter industrial and professional fields. Then a new cry of derision went up to drown out, if possible, the small, insistent voice proclaiming the new order of things that had been brought about by woman’s growing conscious¬ ness of power, by changes in industry and in religious ideas, and by the application of science to our own domestic lives. In due time much of the old prejudice leveled at women who entered wage earn¬ ing fields died away only to be reasserted and focused at the present moment upon woman’s struggle for political liberty. A sure sense of justice and of potentiality vindicates this latter day effort as truly as it urged women first to train their minds and then to feel responsi¬ bility for making productive returns to society. Further, it takes only a look into the states that have enfranchised their women to convince us that just as the objections urged against the higher edu¬ cation of women were withdrawn; just as chivalrous and sensitive souls awoke to find that it had been a false chivalry and a hectic sensitiveness that had restrained them from granting women economic

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Expediency of votes for women 315 independence ; in truth, just as both the education of women and their use of it in gainful pursuits came to be looked upon only as the broadening of the channel of human liberty and opportunity, so will the movement of the ballot for women soon, very soon, be generally recognized as one of the mighty forces in the “eternal forward march of the human race towards genuine democracy.” Presupposing, therefore, that there is no ground for old tradition and old prejudice in this world- wide movement, and that it is not to “meddle in” but to be constructively helpful that gives women courage to enlist their energies in the campaign work for suffrage, let us inquire first into the reasons why women want enfranchisement and, second, into the expediency of granting it to them. We say that America’s ideal of government inclines more and more towards direct democracy and less towards representative govern¬ ment, — as illustrated by the initiative, the referendum and the recall, also by direct primaries and the popular election of United States senators. We say that the ideal is a government “of the people, by the people and for the people,” a government that derives its powers from the consent of the governed. Is this quite true? In a democracy no person may claim to govern any other person except to the extent that the other person has a right to govern him. Is that condition of affairs true in America where the male members of society do all the governing? In having to admit that ideal democracy does not exist in our commonwealth, particularly in the eastern section, we show cause for woman’s right to enfranchisement on the grounds of justice growing out of the fundamental principles of democracy. In other words, women want the ballot for the same reasons that men want it. Women manage property, conduct business, pay taxes, are bread¬ winners and responsible heads of families, and they are mothers and teachers of men. Matters pertaining to all of the functions dis¬ charged in business, society and the home are dependent upon out¬ side conditions which are increasingly subject to legislation and which only a vote may control. If women share equally with the men the social, industrial and economic responsibilities of modern civilization does it not seem only a square deal that they be allowed to share equally with men the use of the implement that protects these responsibilities? For that is what a vote means. It is an implement of protection. And how much value men attach to it! The newly enfranchised citizen swells with pride and self-respect. He observes that others respect him. He soon comes to look upon the ballot as a symbol of the government’s respect and confidence in him. It does not take him long to learn its potentiality. He finds that legislators have a way of becoming conscious of his interests when enfranchisement puts an implement into his hands with which

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316 Kappa Alpha Theta to enforce his rights. Obversely, it is evident that a vote withheld is evidence of a lack of the government’s confidence and respect: to wit, aliens, children, criminals, idiots, lunatics — and women ! Shall women be classed with the impotent and incompetent members of the human family, with the politically unfit, in a nation that took upon itself the burden of a cruel war in order that its slave class might be enfranchised? The following excerpt from Chivalry versus Justice, by Mr. George Creel, puts the question in nutshell form: “The issue is clean cut. Here are nine million women forced out of their homes into industry and asking for a voice in the establish¬ ment of conditions under which they work; a host of others who through spinsterhood or widowhood, are the heads of families; thousands within homes who feel that those homes cannot be safe¬ guarded without the vote, and, most splendid of all, a growing group of world mothers who are fighting to remove the ancient stones that block the upward climb to equal justice — one and all asking for simple justice and fair play.’’ It always seems simple and final to say that if suffrage is given to man to protect his life, liberty and property it is only just that it be given to woman to protect her life, liberty and property. The justice of the matter is a self-evident truth that needs no demonstration. It is as convincing as the fact that two and two make four. On the other hand, when it comes to a question of expediency of the ballot for women one necessarily enters the broader field of controversy. There are innumerable phases of the question that have been presented here and there in the rapidly increasing output of suffrage literature. For the purpose of this discussion, however, which aims to be sug¬ gestive rather than exhaustive, I shall confine myself to two aspects of the expediency of the ballot for women which relate the suffrage movement to social evolution: viz., expediency of the ballot, first, objectively, on the grounds of statehood economy; second, subjec¬ tively, on the grounds of its educational value in doing away with irresponsible power. The first point deals with the expediency, nay necessity, of granting woman suffrage in order that all available human material may be utilized in the upbuilding of the state, and the second makes a plea for doing away with indirect influence and substituting the more ethical independent thought and action. It was John Stuart Mill who, as early as 1869, said that if only a few women are fit for the ballot social utility requires that the door should not be shut on them. The sentiment was voiced years before conservation, scientific management and efficiency became household words. Yet is it not a curious fact that with the new note of economy abroad in the land, with the careful inventory of resources and the study of ways and means to use them for the greatest good ; with the conservation of our forests, the scientific growing of fruits and

Page 19

Expediency of votes for 'women 317 flowers, of poultry and cattle ; and with the development of efficiency in managing business, churches, cities and nations, the conservation of human material for use in hastening the world’s progress has had so little consideration? Even in that slight consideration of human resources the potentialities of women that might be serviceable in the fight for good government have not been generally looked upon as important factors in the reconstruction of society. It is only since the awakening of the social conscience that men and women together have become aware of the injustice to women, during long ages, in attaching so little importance to their fundamental and progressive characteristics. It is not because women lack capabilities, but because they have been trained away rather than towards the perfection of their powers that they have fallen short of contributing their full share of the world’s constructive work. Now we are coming to be¬ lieve that if we run a nation economically we must develop and utilize all the human material at hand. In truth, it is a part of our growing moral responsibility that we leave no part of the material unused. In so doing it does not mean that woman’s contribution to the sum total of achievement will in any sense supplant or overlap man’s. It will only supplement it by adding a new element, a purely feminine element, something “rich and strange” which, in this case, comes spontaneously without the poetic sea-change. It is a pretty poor family when either the father or the mother is taken out of it. Accordingly, it would be a pretty poor society that was made up wholly of men or wholly of women. John Stuart Mill named certain characteristics that women possess pretoinently which would count as particularly good assets in political government. Some of them are tact, grasp of the immediate situation, tendency to deal with things as individuals rather than parts of a group, a lively interest in the present feelings of persons, quick apprehension, and the capacity of passing promptly from one subject to another without letting the spring of the intellect run down. Championing, also, endowments of women which ought to be employed by the state, H. G. Wells says that the social consciousness of women is an un¬ worked mine of wealth for the constructive purpose of the world. Society must sooner or later be convinced of the value of these latent assets. The only point is that being so slow to recognize them the whole business of the world’s progress is retarded. The work is too great and too urgent to permit old prejudices to debar any candidates for service. There are homes to make fitter places of habitation, free from unsanitary environments, bad sewers, poisioned food, im¬ pure water ; there are educational systems to improve ; there is poverty to abolish; there are industrial cruelties to check; there are assail¬ ants to society, to industry, and to law itself to checkmate. The

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318 Kappa Alpha Theta ballot is the key to the situation. It behooves society, therefore, for its own economic good, without delay, to liberate women so that their capabilities may be utilized with those of men in the service of today’s urgent social, economic and political reconstruction. Many people who endorse the foregoing statements raise objec¬ tions to giving women the ballot on the ground that politics is too filthy a game for women to dabble in. But here again a matter of economy prevails. Politics is nothing but public housekeeping, and if in the interests of cleanliness and efficiency there needs to be a good thorough house cleaning who can be found better fitted for the undertaking than women with their practical knowledge of house cleaning methods? Judge Ben B. Lindsey says : ‘‘Politics is not a ‘dirty game’ in itself, but has been made so by public enemies, thieves, and traitors, and, to protect themselves in their pillage and corruption, they point warning and imploring fingers at their own grime when honest folk approach. Only less amazing than this dodge is the fact that the great majority are warned away and perpetuate their despairs and rebellions by refusing to take an active, intelligent interest in the administration of the people’s business. “If pitch were spilled on a parlor floor, would you quit the house? If the cook got drunk, dishonest, or indifferent would you refuse to interfere on the ground that housekeeping is a ‘dirty game’ ?” The answer comes stoutly, “No! In the one case I should stand right by and scrape up the pitch ; in the other, I should see to it that a responsible cook was installed.” In the same spirit women cannot afford to shirk politics, for politics invades every department of our private home life. In these days of specialization of labor each family cannot produce its own food, build its roof over its head, protect itself from criminals and epidemics, educate its children, market its products, and bring to its doors wares from the four quarters of the globe. The nation, the state, the municipality — all three — have stepped in to take a hand in helping the individual family. The help is rendered by making laws in the interests of the home. There is unlimited opportunity for making these laws salutary and effective. Economy demands then that in order to have the laws good ones, or, to have the public housekeeping done most efficiently in the interests of private housekeeping, women who are most intelli¬ gently in touch with household matters ought to be given a voice in making the laws that protect home interests. In other words, a woman cannot look after her home and her children today except through the law. She knows better than anybody else what that law should be, therefore, she is the one for the state to be guided by in

Page 21

Expedieiuy of votes for women 319 discharging the duty of public servant with the greatest economy and efficiency. At this point I hear a cry of dissent going up from a body of women who look upon the vote as an unwelcome responsibility. I hear them say that women have opportunity to serve the nation in correcting all its ills and mal-adjustments through their indirect in¬ fluence. They ask why it is necessary for them to go to the poles to cast a ballot when they may sit in the protection of their break¬ fast rooms and over their coffee use gentle persuasion with husband, brother and father to vote the right way, I am reminded of what Dr. Katherine B. Davis said in a recent suffrage speech. It was this ; “Men say, ‘You can use your indirect influence, you can use your charm.’ When I have got anything from a man that way I have gone home feeling as though I had been stealing sheep.” Women used to sit down in silence, satisfied with the indirect way, the wheedling way, the way in keeping with their trade as men- charmers, simply because there was no other one open to them. Now, viewed in the clear light of a developing social conscience the method seems abhorrent, — a mere relic of the harem. The clearer light is also making plain the fact that the old, much used method is alto¬ gether pernicious because the power it embodies without accompany¬ ing responsibility is one of the most unwholesome, havoc-working privileges that governments have to contend with. Women surely do not want their integrity challenged by championing a privilege that is linked only with bad government. If it is true that women want to exert political influence and will exert it every opportunity they get, is it not expedient for their strongest development that they be steadied in their political action by responsibility that comes from acting independently? Viewing the ballot from the foregoing standpoint one notes the important bearing it has upon the education of women. A growing sense of social solidarity has inspired women with the desire to use the ballot in the interests of society. The result has been keen interest in civic and industrial matters and in the problems of citizen¬ ship and politics. Clubs have sprung up everywhere in connection with the suffrage propaganda work in campaign states. One finds that here and there groups of women have banded together to study the principles of American politics and the practical matters of citizenship, so that when enfranchisement comes it will find them ready for their new responsibility. The study that they are pursuing arouses new interest in industrial legislation. The palpable wrongs are making an appeal to women as they never have before. Women want to know why certain legislation is wrong and how it may be

Page 22

320 Kappa Alpha Theta corrected. The note of prevention in place of the old idea of cure is creeping into the civic and philanthropic work of all clubs. Women are everywhere alert and are grasping intelligently the prin¬ ciples of reconstruction that must be applied in smoothing out the way for the millennium. The time has come, in fact, when the spirit of progress has found its way into all of women’s activities. All the king’s horses and all the king’s men could not return them to their safe perch on the wall of tradition and convention. In view of these facts society must take women seriously. It must pause to reflect that all of the influences at work for bringing about woman suffrage are good ; while lined up against it are not only the old traditions of centuries but such active immediate forces as the whiskey trust, the vice trust, many of the big corporations and the political machines. Society further must stop to do some self ex¬ amining. A look in upon its own organization will draw attention to the fact that there has grown up throughout the course of state¬ hood progress, quite in accord with sociological development, quite entirely without evil designs on women, a political mechanism that inclines towards barring women out of active and responsible par¬ ticipation in government. No one person, no one age is to' blame for this state of affairs. It is the cumulative condition of centuries. But the present age would be unpardonably at fault if it did not make over its mechanism to fit the demands of today’s progress. If, therefore, in the interests of democracy more work of reconstruction is required than the old political structure can support; if women are potentially fit to aid men in the required additional work; if, indeed, there are capabilities of women that are unworked mines of material which it is expedient for the state to utilize ; if women have great good in them which participation in public housekeeping may orderly bring out in the interests of the greatest self-realization, why, then, does it not become a necessity for the state to enfranchise its women and for women to accept enfranchisement not only as a privi¬ lege or a right, but as a duty? — a duty that means the liberty, op¬ portunity, education, power and responsibility of full citizenship ? Elizabeth Miller, Gamma, has recently published through Scribners a histori¬ cal novel entitled Daybreak, It is a tale of Columbus’ time with the scene laid in Spain. A new story by Mrs. Josephine Scribner Gates, Beta, tells of child life on a pony farm. Houghton, Mifflin issue the book. Constitutional Conventions and the Woman Suffrage Question in New York by Frances Lyon, Iota, in the Knickerbocker Press, Albany, March 14, IQIS* has created a good deal of interest by its able handling of this topic, so timely now that New York has a new Constitutional convention in session, and is to vote on the woman suffrage question in November.

Page 23

Editorials 321 EDITORIALS This issue was planned to arouse in our membership, especially the undergraduate, an appreciation of the opportuni¬ ties and privileges we take so much as a matter of course, but which actually are ours because of the unselfish effort of former generations. Freely we have received, equally freely we, the college women to whom has come the greatest heritage, must give of ourselves until opportunity for full development is open to every human being. “A woman’s place is in her home,” so an undergraduate chapter recently condemned the noble work of one of its alumnae. But it these thinking-not, narrow- visioned undergraduates had visited in this alumna’s home they might have seen a general truth. She is the center and guiding force in a charming home (not house), but since mankind has taken from the home to the factory the weaving, sewing, canning, and countless other duties that once made the home work an all-time consuming one, she uses the leisure hours thus gamed in work for humanity, instead of frittering it away in bridge, tea¬ drinking, and gossip, to which many home-keeping women of today devote precious hours. The women who are serving their fellow women are not the home-neglecters, but the efficient users of so-called leisure hours. “I believe in the theory of woman suffrage, but I’ll not enroll among the supporters until 1 know the majority of women want the suffrage,” this was the much-applauded remark of an alumna in a recent chapter gathering. Would she have enjoyed the privileges of being a college alumna, if the opening of educational opportunities for women had waited until “the majority of women wanted it? Would a majority of all the women in the United States, even today, vote for college education for women? What would be the vote of a majority of men on this question, too? We are too prone to generalize from our own circle and to neglect the vast majority to whom civilization has not yet given our chances. College women, we have no right to that title unless we can see the world as a whole and appreciate the problem of life for all women. We regret the absence from this symposium of promised articles dealing specifically with some of the pressing problems of wom^ s organization, wages, children’s work, et cetera, but grip and other mishaps have interferred with the complete execution of our plans. We thank those busy, unselfish members, who have contributed what¬ ever value this number possesses and especially appreciate Mabel Hale’s wise suggestions that originated the “Women progress number.

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322 Kappa Alpha Theta Advertisements should speak for themselves, but we can not refrain from calling two to your special attention. We are very proud of the Service bureau’s page of opportunities for wider fraternity service which it already has developed. Then, have you seen the Scholarship fund committee’s page? ii^HE ONE FACTOR which stands out above others as being A valuable and important is chapter management.” So wrote the Assistant Dean of men at the University of Illinois, in an able dis¬ cussion of fraternity scholarship, in Science, October 16, 1914. Chap¬ ter management, to be worthy the name, means the right person in each office. Now is the time for each chapter, college and alumnae, to insure next year’s chapter management by an intelligent selection of new chapter officers. Just one question can enter into this selec¬ tion, if it is to be wise: “is she the member best adapted to conduct this particular office successfully?” WHEN AUTHORITIES DISAGREE, who shall decide? That is the question our attempt to select the “best chapter letter in each issue” has called forth. Three members of the committee of judges (one ex-editor, and two prominent Theta teachers of Eng¬ lish) report as follows: “The best letter in the November issue is lota’s” — “is Eta’s” (two votes). “The best letter in the January number is “Sigma’s”— “is Upsilon’s”— “is Alpha Mu’s.” “The best letter in the March issue is “Eta’s” — “is Phi’s” — (other vote not received yet). And not one of them voted once for the letter from her own chapter! Now, Interested Reader, do you agree with all or part of the committee? What is your vote? We’ve decided to add to this committee every Interested Reader, who renews her subscription, or sends a new subscription, before June 1, so send your dollar together with your vote on the best letter in each of the four issues for the year, and the wisdom of the majority shall prevail to award the Journal trophy for 1914-15. ^ I ^ HE I A PRESS BUREAU. Does that sound like a questionable fraternity enterprise? There is no question but what the Theta Press bureau exists. There is no question but what it was organized for the purpose of giving convention a prompt and efficient news service. There is no question but what its purpose will be fulfilled by the convention daily newspaper. Is there any question about the dissemination of the Press bureau’s work? That depends upon YOU. Have you subscribed for the convention daily? That is the im¬ portant question to answer affirmatively TODAY.

Page 25

Editorials 323 Seniors : every chapter delights to honor you, who so soon now, will join your seniors, the alumnae. If behind the smiles and gayety wdth which you are speeded on your way there lurks a sense of dismay as to how the chapter shall manage without you, Seniors, do not be surprised. You felt that way yourself, only a year ago. Ex¬ perience has proved every Junior class worthy to assume the mantle of Senior responsibility, every Sophomore group equal to Junior dignity, every Freshman delegation capable of Sophomoric expan¬ sion. Alas ! could we but be as confident that you. Seniors, will as surely enter into alumnae service. The fraternity has given much to you in your four college years. It will still give you practical help (through the Service bureau’s activities) and fellowship and friendship for all time. But the time has come when it has a right to expect some interest on its investment. Your active participation is needed in some alumnae chapter, your continued support is needed by the fraternity publications, your intelligent interest is needed by some college chapter. In the larger service that life now calls you to, do not forget the more personal, intimate duty to your fraternity. Wje would be proud to have you, Seniors of 1915, win the title “kappa Alpha Theta’s most effectively loyal class.” Each Senior can do her share. Will she? CONVENTION. Editorial policy forbids the closing of this sec¬ tion with no special word on convention. But what is there to say that is not said elsewhere, that we do not already know? Conven¬ tion is the apex of fraternity achievement, the culmination of fra¬ ternity experience, the best time in fraternity life. Then is there any reason for staying away? Gearhart-by-the-sea ! There is where our thoughts are turning now, there is where we will be the last of June. IS COUNT THEM 15 15 Fifteen subscriptions from each active chapter and fifteen ditto from each alumnae chapter are prescribed by the doctor to remedy the impaired circulation of the Convention Daily Kite. Enter the subscription contest and receive one of the beautiful prizes offered the winners. Subscriptions 25 cents each. To the person sending the largest list we will award one large, beautiful, hand-tinted photograph of Mount Hood, by Gifford, Oregon’s famous photographer. To the person sending twenty-five or more subscriptions we will send one cutting of Madame Caroline Testout, Oregon’s most beautiful rose. Read all the conditions on page 328 of this issue of the Journal.

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324 Kappa Alpha Theta AFTER— CONVENTION REUNIONS The San Francisco Thetas are planning a luncheon to take place the middle of the week following convention. The place and date is as yet unsettled, but the luncheon will be given some place on the Exposition grounds. Omega is planning a tea at the chapter house during the same week. These details will be announced at convention. There will be a Theta directory containing names and addresses of all Thetas living in the vicinity of San Francisco. This directory in all probability will be found at the Panhellenic headquarters on the Exposition grounds ; its exact location is not as yet known. Pan¬ hellenic plans to keep such headquarters from June 1 to Septem¬ ber 15. We Thetas of San Francisco are planning to visit the Exposition on certain days and to personally conduct anyone who cares to join such a party. We wish to assure all Theta sisters and their friends a cordial welcome waiting for them in San Francisco. If we can do anything for you either before or during your visit in our city we shall be glad to assist you. Apply to Mrs. Ira A. Campbell, 1859 Vallejo street, San Francisco, phone, Franklin 3270. Miss Edith Slack, 2224 Sacramento street, San Francisco, phone, Fillmore 649. ARE YOU COMING TO LOS ANGELES? Los Angeles alumnae will be most happy to know of any Thetas coming to or through Los Angeles either before or after Convention. For your benefit and our own we have secured a Theta locker in the College woman’s club to which you may be directed by the club attendant and in which we shall maintain a miniature Informa¬ tion bureau. On file there will be a list, with addresses and phone numbers, of Thetas in our vicinity ; a list of recommended hotels and boarding houses, with their rates ; various time-tables and guide books of our locality with suggestions for interesting trips; a list of recommended shops, hairdressers, et cetera, and the names of a few good doctors and dentists. The College woman’s club is in the Trinity Auditorium building at Ninth street and Grand avenue. To reach it take either a Grand avenue car or a West Ninth street car. (Both are yellow cars.) On Wednesday afternoons in July there will be Thetas at the club who will be most happy to receive you then but any day you will find the locker at your service, the club being open from one to five, and if we know of your coming some Theta will endeaypr to be present. Miss Sada Johnson, whose address is given below, will be most ready to assist anyone in any possible way. Our delegate at Con¬ vention, Mrs. Edith Hill Powers, also will have information in

Page 27

After-convention reunions 325 regard to hotels and rates and will be happy to advise with you. Since the hotels are very busy this year a reservation ahead may save you annoyance. So if you wish to be sure of accommodations you are welcome to write or wire Miss Johnson to make them for you, provided you state the rate you wish to pay. If you will let her know when you expect to arrive she will arrange for some Theta to meet you and direct you on your way or assist you to see a bit of our city between trains. In brief, we who are not so fortunate as to be able to be with you at Convention and know you there are very ready to be of service here at home and hope to meet many of you as you pass between Expositions. Address: Miss Sada Johnson, 833 West 28th street, Los Angeles, Cal. Sunset phone: West 5740. Home phone: 23638. Los Angeles Alumnce SAN DIEGO For several years the Thetas who are living in San Diego have met together informally from time to time, but as many of them have felt the need of some sort of organization, a meeting was held on March 26 and the “Kappa Alpha Theta club of San Diego” was formed. The president is Marion Whipple Garrettson, Omega; secretary & treasurer, Ruth Cook, Psi ; hostess and chairman of the program committee, Karoline Hammond Moss, Phi; chairman of the Service bureau, Augusta Flinton Sample, Kappa. We hope to meet many Thetas in San Diego this year. Our Service committee will gladly meet girls at the trains and help them to find rooms, et cetera. Addresses and information will be posted at the convention. There will also be a Theta register at the Womans’ headquarters in the Exposition grounds so that Thetas who are to be in town for only a short time may find each other readily. We hope that the list of those who register will be a long one. Since the railroad rules are so changed this year, the Thetas in San Diego feel that it is well to call your attention to their flexibility, in order that you may carefully study your opportunities before purchasing your tickets. The number of side-trips which can be taken is unlimited. Here are some brief suggestions. Anyone purchasing a ticket to San Francisco may go southward a distance of six hundred miles to San Diego, with no additional railroad fare. Under certain condi¬ tions, upon which each ticket agent should be informed, the trip can be made by boat. If either of the valley routes is used Yosemite and the Big Trees can be included as a side-trip for $18.50. It is a day’s journey by rail and stage into the valley.

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326 Kappa Alpha Theta If return east is made from Los Angeles the Grand Canon can be added for $7.50 extra. Arrangements can also be made for return east from San Diego via San Francisco for a small additional charge The railroads have never before made the offers which they are making this year. NEW CHAPTER HOMES Three of our chapters became householders for the first time this college year. We are glad to give space to their experiences, hoping it may encourage the few remaining homeless chapters to go and do likewise next year. — Editor. Alpha Omicron’s First Year as Housekeepers After five years of hoping and dreaming, Alpha Omicron decided to quit dreaming and act. Last fall we leased an unfurnished house for two years at $500 per year. We thought it then all that we could wish. It is situated on the prettiest street in town — right across from the campus. The lawn is beautiful and the place sur¬ rounded with trees. Downstairs we have a living room, chaperon’s room, dining room and kitchen. On the second floor are four good sized bedrooms, a bath, and a big sleeping porch. The third floor is one big room, where six girls can be accommodated. With the help of a $400 loan from the Grand Council, our alumnae, and our furniture fund, which we have been accumulating for years, w’e furnished the whole house nicely. We have gotten along beautifully all year and we are much pleased with our experiment. We have a chaperon, who lives with us for her room and board; a cook, whom we pay $32 per month; and a boy who works three hours a day for his board. The steward does all the ordering and manages the kitchen; for this she gets $10 per month subtracted from her board. The fraternity treasurer is house treasurer too. The house committee composed of our council mem¬ ber and two others has authority in the house. This committee sees that the house is kept clean and all fines paid. Each girl takes care of her own room and each freshman has a day on which she cleans the bathroom and upper hall, and a week during which she keeps the living room in order. The only big drawback in our house is lack of room. Last semester nine girls had to live out of the house, and this semester, five do. We are making every effort to procure a house for next year, large enough for us all. W’^e find though that houses in Norman are scarce and as yet we have not found our ideal. But having once known the joy and satisfaction of our home — of going and coming as we please and feeling free to entertain when

Page 29

New chapter homes 327 we choose — we will never go back to boarding; and we sincerely hope that soon, all chapters may find a house as successful an experi¬ ment as we have found it. Margaret Archdeacon Alpha Rho’s Home We are proud to show you pictures of our new home. It is located five blocks from the university campus. We have occupied it since the Christmas holidays and every day brings more and more satis¬ faction with our new venture. There are eleven girls living in the house at present. The general management is conducted by one of the girls, Marjorie Beebe. We were fortunate in securing the services of a competent matron who plans the menus and has charge of the general direction of meals. The liberal aid of our alumnae members has been a factor in making a chapter house possible. We are also indebted to our patronesses and friends for many gifts of silver, and house furnishings. Our chapter owned a considerable amount of furniture but never¬ theless it was necessary to buy more. Financially we are on a sound basis. At the present date we have paid all installments on furniture as well as current expenses. We hope that by careful economy we may realize a surplus at the end of the college year. Verna Gold Alpha Nu’s Housekeeping Experiences We are proud of our chapter home economics for this first year, although our system has probably not been better than that of other chapters. However, all beginnings are interesting. In the middle of August, 1914, our resident members were con¬ fronted with the delicious situation of finding a suitable lodge for themselves and absent sisters, due to the fact that sororities were no longer to be permitted to have suites in Craig Hall on the campus. The problem was solved by securing the house shown in the accom¬ panying picture. It is a furnished home situated on the comer of two of Missoula’s most attractive streets, Gerald avenue and Fifth. It is fairly well adapted to fraternity needs and fortunately has six sleeping rooms. Wie have been wonderfully cosy here and, of course, have had all the delightful times that can be had in no other place on earth than in a chapter house. We have tried three housekeeping plans and have found the last to be the only practical one for a family of our size. At first we had a colored cook come in the afternoon and prepare our dinners for us. Her southern cooking was a positive joy but while she stayed we had

Page 30

328 Kappa Alpha Theta to content ourselves with a simple breakfast at home and “lunch at the Dorm.” After that, we had a cook and maid combined who prepared both breakfast and dinner. Since there are fourteen of us in the family we had to perform many small household duties our¬ selves, taking turns according to a strict and mathematical chart made out by the house manager. Our last and most successful sys¬ tem is to have both cook and second maid, having all three meals served at the house. To finance this increase in expense we have added the money previously spent for lunches elsewhere to our regu¬ lar board bills. Our food supplies are bought at wholesale rates. Although Missoula is a very expensive place in which to live and although the furnace devoured an unheard of amount of coal, we have kept beautifully clear of debt and will close the year so. The splendid management of our affairs is due to our chaperon and housemother, Mrs. Kettlewell, who has given much thought to our housekeeping problems and understands just how to meet them and how to make this seem most like a home. She has had a most able assistant in our house manager, Arva Willoughby T7, who has kept careful account of our expenditures and has managed to keep a steady flow of money coming into our coffers as well as to regulate the more than steady flow outward. Our house committee has already begun to look for a new home for Alpha Nu for the coming year. Wherever we are in the future we will always think lovingly of the first Theta house at Montana. Beatrice C. Tabor THE CONVENTION’S DAILY NEWSPAPER By Estelle Riddle Dodge, Editor The doctor (Grand Council) says our circulation is poor. More¬ over, he says that has been our complaint for some years past. Now any self-respecting editor-ess will rise in her might, when such a condition confronts her, and take remedial measures — or something — forthwith. Our husband suggests an automobile contest, but as we happen not to have any spare automobiles lying around loose just at present, that doesn’t seem altogether to meet the requirement. It is true we. have one fine 160-acre sagebrush homestead, lying on a sunlit Oregon hillside, on which we are at this present moment “do¬ ing time,” and which often seems really more than we need to make up life’s quota of happiness. Perhaps we might wish that on some one as a prize for securing subscriptions. On second thought, how¬ ever, the winner might be able to establish an alibi. Yet there must be some way to improve the circulation of our Con¬ vention Daily Kite. Think of all the hundreds, yea, thousands of

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Convention’s daily newspaper 329 Thetas, ancient and modern, scattered over this fair land of ours, who won’t be able to attend Convention. Every one of them should be supplied with the daily news of our deliberations and delectations, by receiving from headquarters, all throughout the sessions, her individual copies of the official paper. The daily is in the hands of a competent staff of writers who will give us an attractive, newsy little publication. We plan five issues, beginning Monday, June 28, though the number depends largely on the size of the subscription list, and may be cut to four if our circulation is not stimulated. Statistics of past conventions tell us the usual number of sub¬ scribers has not exceeded five hundred. We intend to double that this year. Are you with us? To fulfill our intention we should receive from each of our thirty-six active chapters, and each of our thirty alumnae chapters, fifteen subscriptions. That’s easy! Of course we shall not refuse to enter on our list any number of addi¬ tional names from each chapter. Nor any individual name from any Theta anywhere. The price for the full set of five papers (or four, should grim necessity compel) will be 25 cents. For this sum, remitted before June 20 to Mrs. W. H. McVay, 527 East 17th street, N., Portland, Oregon, we will send the Kite to any address in the United States. (Postage extra for Canadian addresses.) We hereby appoint the youngest freshman in each active chapter, and the handsomest alumna in each alumnae chapter, to solicit her fellow Thetas for subscriptions. To the person sending the largest list we will award one large, beau¬ tiful, hand-tinted photograph of Mount Hood, by Gifford, Oregon’s famous photographer. To each person sending twenty-five or more subscriptions we will award one perfectly good cutting of Madame Caroline Testout, Oregon’s most beautiful rose. You can plant it on the chapter house lawn, and always have a reminder of the 1915 Convention. If any chapter or alumna has duplicate copies of any of the follow¬ ing numbers of the Journal, Chi would greatly appreciate receipt of the same: Vol. 10: Nov. 1895, Feb. 1896, May 1896. Vol. 12; May 1898. Vol. 13: Nov. 1898, Jan. 1899, Mar. 1899. Vol. 14: Nov. 1899. Vol. 15: Nov. 1900. Vol. 18: May 1904.

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I ? I • • • This Is Just To Let You Know There’s Something Coming! Q. What is it? A. A unique and fitting souvenir. Q. Where will it appear? A. At the Gearhart Convention. Q. How will it affect me? A. It will make your mouth water. Q. Will it be expensive? A. Not a bit — that is not over “six bits”, and maybe less. Q. Will it join the junk-heap when I get home? A. By no means. You’ll have to sleep with it under your pillow to keep your friends from carrying it off. Q. Will it last for some time? A. Your children’s children will probably be proudly using it in the twenty-first century. Q. Who furnishes it? A. The instigator and custodian of the Scholar¬ ship Fund, Los Angeles Alumnae.

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Efficiency 331 EFFICIENCY IV The past week I spent in the home of Kappa Alpha Theta^s secretary and editor, where I found much pleasure and profit in browsing among the fraternity’s files. In the chapter correspondence files I found texts for a dozen articles on efficiency. So urgent and practical were some of the problems there presented that the plan for this article has been entirely changed — instead of an outline for efficient conduct of chapter business, it has become a mere assembling of notes and hints on specific faults. Here, in one chapter’s folder, I found six letters from the chapter secretary, all written in October 1914, each, containing nothing but a request for one kind of supplies that the chapter was needing. From the chapter’s viewpoint, here the time necessary to write six letters was consumed, twelve cents expended in postage, and a “hand to mouth” style of chapter management revealed, when one letter and two cents postage would have brought the same results and reverse my impression of the chapter. From my viewpoint, here, for the always overly-busy secretary, were six letters to open and read and six packages to prepare and send out with considerable increase in shipping charges, when equally satisfactory service might have been given the chapter with a saving of at least two-thirds of the time expended by the secretary, if the best, easiest, and quickest way of ordering supplies had been followed. Yes, I know. Miss Secretary, it wasn’t all your fault, because the “different officers failed to report the supplies they needed”, as apologetically wrote the secretary of another chapter in sending her fourth (in one month) request for supplies. .In fact, I’d go further than you and hold the chapter, not the individual officers, responsible for most of the demonstrations of inefficiency which the files reveal. It is the chapter’s business as an organization to know the DUTIES OF ITS OFFICERS AND TO SEE THAT THOSE DUTIES ARE FUL¬ FILLED^ PROMPTLY AND EFFECTIVELY. d"he Officers' Handbook is very explicit as to what supplies each officer needs. In an efficient chapter the regular business of the first meeting after elections would include the presentation by each new officer of an inventory of the supplies her office needed for the year. The chapter would then direct the secretary to order those the fraternity supplies, and arrange for the prompt purchase of all the rest of the inventories. Proper tools are a first requisite to accom¬ plishing any task in the easiest, quickest, best way. In another file, in answer to the fourth notice from the Grand secretary, I found a reason ( ?) why one chapter secretary hadn’t fulfilled a single national duty up to November 15 of this college

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332 Kappa Alpha Theta year. ^‘I have been so busy as rush captain during our long rush that I’ve had no time to think of the duties of a corresponding secre¬ tary”. That may be an excuse, but is it a reason? What kind of efficiency and equality of opportunity and training exists in a chapter of more than twenty members (exclusive of freshmen) that elects one member to two such arduous positions as rush captain, and corresponding secretary ? Which question brings me to one generalization drawn from this study of our files and reenforced by observation and experience. Chapters frequently do not display good judgment in their choice of officers. Often they hamper themselves by precedent, by personal admiration of some particular member, or by the equally pernicious sympathy for an unlucky member. Let me illustrate by quotations from letters of alumna advisers and fraternity officers. “While there are charming girls in the senior class, there is not one with leadership qualities ; but in spite of a full appreciation of this fact last spring, the chapter would elect a senior president and vice-president, because the chapter has always had a senior for presi¬ dent. All the trouble of the winter can be directly traced to the lack of leadership by the president and vice-president.^’ And then here are letters from the 1914 graduates of this chapter, criticising the chapter’s conduct of affairs this year. By rights these alumnae should have to shoulder the responsibility for ihis conduct, since they saddled the chapter with an inefficient president in order to maintain that sacred chapter precedent of senior president. “You will probably find it a problem to keep in touch with - chapter this year, for they have elected as corresponding secretary a girl with no sense of time, who is careless to the point of irresponsi¬ bility. It came about in this way. Though talented as an artist, this girl was last week defeated in a close race for the position of artistic editor of the college annual. The chapter election came the next day and as a sort of consolation the chapter chose her for this important office.” Turning to the file of this chapter, I found full proof that the Grand secretary was finding it a “problem to keep in touch” with this chapter this year, as probably were also the District president and other officers. Now, even if a chapter is willing, from a mistaken idea of kindness, to allow its work to suffer by electing the misfit girl to office, is it right to put upon the national officers the additional task of transacting business with the chapter through such an inefficient assistant ? In a reply to a troubled letter from the Grand secretary asking an alumna if she could throw any light on the too evident disorganiza¬ tion of her chapter that had long been noted for its strength and efficiency, I found this significant paragraph : “Because everybody

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Efficiency 333 adores Phyllis they elected her president, regardless of the fact that she is also president of Women’s league and Young Women’s Chris¬ tian association this year, as well as leading lady in the Dramatic club and a member of numerous other clubs. Fraternity meetings are frequently postponed or abbreviated in order that the presi¬ dent may attend some meeting of another organization. She is a girl of very ordinary ability in the first place, but of the magnetic type which establishes such confidence in her ability that it takes time for the allurement to dim and the facts to become plain.” How could any chapter be so selfish as to ask a girl who was representing it in so many public places to assume also the respon¬ sibility of chapter leadership ? And what colossal egotism and selfish ambition must possess the girl who will accept so many positions, when she knows no one can satisfactorily fill them all and that the student body contains a number of women as equally well qualified for any one of the positions as she is ! Chapter officers should be CHOSEN FOR THEIR FITNESS AND AVAILABLENESS FOR THE PARTICULAR OFFICE WITH NO REGARD TO ANY OTHER CONSIDERATION AND THEIR RESIGNATION SHOULD BE DEMAMDED PROMPTLY WHENEVER THE ELECTION PROVES TO HAVE BEEN ILL-ADVISED. “We’ve elected Mary chapter editor for next year”, so wrote a retiring chapter president to our editor, “I know she isn’t very well adapted to the positif5n but she is such a dear, we couldn’t leave, seeing her the only senior without an office. I wanted you to know what a fine girl Mary is, so if her copy isn’t always up to the mark, you’ll remember it is the work of the dearest girl in - chapter.” One morning as I watched the editor trying to bring a semblance of clearness and meaning into the ten pages of rambling words this Mary submitted as a chapter letter, I wondered with how many strokes of the blue pencil the editor thought of those pages as “the work of the dearest girl in - chapter”. My patience and the editor’s aren’t of the same length ! And what of the impression of - chapter those letters would give the rest of the fraternity, who do not know they are “the work of the dearest girl in - chapter” ? But, the long-suffering editor, she is trusted to stand between the fraternity getting a false impression of - chapter from anything printed in the Journal. “Our alumnae complain because we failed to speak in the Journal of - , the greatest event in college this year. We did send a good article about it for the January Journal, Miss Green, Why wasn’t it printed?” was one chapter editor’s query in the morning’s mail. I volunteered to look up the article referred to, in the copy file. I found it. I’d hardly call it “a good article” myself, though after careful pruning by the editor it might have

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334 Kappa Alpha Theta become good. The receiving stamp showed its arrival on December 19, when, as every chapter knows, the January issue goes to press December 10; and it was written, in a very illegible hand, on two sides of a sheet of small note paper, which is as elemental and inex¬ cusable an error as a writer can make. I suggested to the editor that she send this copy to the complaining alumnae as its own best reason for non-appearance. But with a shrug and smile she refused, “as nothing gained by being sarcastic” and took time that evening to write a polite note of explanation. As I turned over these copy files and the Editor’s records of chapter letters, I grew amazed and then indignant at the accumulated evidence of selfish thoughtlessness, or worse. Is there any college in the land where compositions or other written work is accepted when blotted and scratched over, when written on both sides of the sheet, when each sheet used is of a different size and grade of paper, when the last two pages are in pencil “because my pen has gone dry and the ink is upstairs” ? What is the attitude of mind of one elected to a position of trust and honor, who will send for print copy so unsightly that the very sight of it in a classroom would discredit a student’s scholarship? If some of you editors are ambitious to go into literary work, would you want your ability to be judged by your work for our fraternity Journal? While I was with our editor, she was asked to recommend a former chapter editor for a position on the editorial staff of a well known magazine ; and asked by the magazine to send it, if possible, some unedited copy from this girl’s pen. The Editor gladly complied with both requests, for, as she confessed; “she is one of about half a dozen chapter editors I’ve known who always respected her job.” The position, by the way, was secured by this Theta. But there are a good many of you chapter editors who could never land any sort of a job if you were to be judged by your works as displayed in these files. “I have been too busy to send this report before, which I know you will recognize as ample justification of its being late”. That is not an isolated quotation from one letter of one chapter officer. I could cap it with a number of similar ones. And, from my point of view as an efficiency advocate, there is just one possible reply: IF YOU ARE TOO BUSY TO PERFORM PROMPTLY THE DUTIES OF THE OFFICE YOU HOLD, YOUR ONE DUTY IS TO RESIGN THAT OFFICE AT ONCE. “Your letter of September 18 just reached - chapter today (Dec. 4) having followed Miss Smith to Italy and been forwarded to me by her. We thought it very strange we had not heard from the national fraternity this year. Miss Smith, who was elected corres¬ ponding secretary last spring, did not return to college this fall, so, if you want prompt answers to your letters you should address them

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Efficiency 335 to the correct person, the present secretary”. This polite ( ?) note — that contained no word of answer to the questions of that letter of September 18 — was written by a chapter president to the Grand secretary. Careful search having failed to bring to light a single word from this chapter before this note, the Grand secretary, in order to do business at all with this chapter, had to write and ask this self- sufficient chapter president for the name and address of “the correct person, the present secretary”. The president’s note had contained no address, so the secretary had to use the address sent for journals the year before, since it was a houseless chapter in a fair sized city. In due time, after Christmas, a second note arrived from this courteous chapter president, giving the secretary’s name and address and adding “your note was delayed in arriving because you used an address from which we moved six months ago” — but no address of the president was on this second note either. As I said in the beginning, these files contain texts for a dozen articles on efficiency, but I must not bore you by trying to crowd the dozen articles into this one. The examples I’ve cited are typical of some of the more obvious, easily rectified departures from the best, easiest, and quickest way of despatching chapter business. There are — I am rejoiced to say — a great many examples in those files of expert efficiency in the management of fraternity business, but those I refrain from citing today, since pointing out the inefficiencies is perhaps a quicker way to improve conditions, extend our understand¬ ing of the problems in our national offices, and increase our efficiency. Read this article before the next chapter election, please, and I’m sure then it will be of some little use to Kappa Alpha Theta. Efficiency isn’t a matter of mere forms and methods — true efficiency is based upon higher mental qualities. For fraternity efficiency we need to be friendly-minded. Let us cultivate faith, optimism, tact, patience, tolerance, courtesy, courage, enthusiasm, will power, and clear convictions as the foundation of our efficiency super¬ structure. _ As instructed by the 65th Ekklesia, the Board of Archons have made arrangements whereby all official jewelry is to be supplied by the secretary’s office. Every badge, pledge button, and recognition pin bought through the secretary’s office will have the double guarantee of the official jeweler and the secretary’s office. If the jewelry is not right, the secretary’s office will see that it is made right. The usual jobber’s commission on fraternity jewelry will now go into the Administration Fund of the general fraternity. During September, October, November, and December, 1914, the secretary’s office made $700 profit on jewelry under this plan, which will be used for administration purposes. — Phi Gamma Delta, March, 1915.

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336 Kappa Alpha Theta GLACIER NATIONAL PARK After reading the recent convention number of the Journal, looking again and again at the many attractive pictures, I sighed long and deeply when I realized that I could not be a member of the fortunate convention party. As I had practically the same trip last summer, I know “whereof I speak” when I say that certainly no convention before ever had so carefully or attractively planned route — or a meeting place with more charming environment. I would like to tell you about just one spot you will visit, — that of Glacier Park. This park is such a recent addition to America’s list of beauty spots that few people seem to have discovered it. It is fast becoming the loved haunt of artists and poets for the very reason of its privacy and beauty. This park had better be named “The Garden of the Gods.” There may be more beautiful spots on earth but I can hardly make myself believe it. One much-travelled member of our party remarked as he stood viewing the wonders about him; “I never saw anything in Switzerland that surpassed the beauty of this place.” But let us start at the very entrance of the park, — the Glacier National Park Hotel itself; not overlooking, of course, the Indian who greeted us by pow-wowing up and down the station platform in all the glory of his paint and feathers. The hotel is rustic and in perfect harmony with the wild region round about. Its great lobby holds you fascinated in the spell of its curious totem poles everywhere, — and everywhere the Indian trophies. The stay here is brief, for the large gray autos are waiting to transport you to St. Mary’s Camp. While these cars are in perfect condition and have most careful drivers yet delays do occur sometimes such as you see here in the picture — but while you wait for repairs you gather the wild flowers which grow abundantly everywhere. After a thirty-mile drive, you arrive at Saint Mary’s camp, a collection of alluring Swiss chalets on the border of that charming deep blue lake of St. Mary’s. A delightful launch trip from here brings you to “Going-to-the-Sun Camp” — the most beautiful of all the camps in the park. Here are Swiss chalets, large and small, situated on land jutting well into the lake and completely shut in on all sides by majestic mountains. And — such a wealth of color! The oil paintings you see in the stations and hotels along the way, yes — even the gaudily colored post-cards do not depict the real brilliancy of color which you see here. Be sure to take some short tramps along the many trails leading from the camp. There are hidden beauties everywhere. The views from the cliffs and higher points along these narrow trails are nothing — if not inspiring — you stand awed by the beauty every-

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J

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In the Botanical gardens — Looking east across the Lagune Looking Westward in Ll Prado Copyright 1914 Panama-California Exposition

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Alumn — ? 337 where — you seem to be under the spell of a powerful Presence, — a Power which has wrought these mighty wonders for the eyes of mortals. But these — like all other good things — come to an end. You regretfully take the launch back to St. Mary’s and another auto ride deposits you at the great hotel once more. Here you sit about the huge open fire in the very center of the hotel and pass the time comfortably, yet merrily until train time. And you feel, as I know I did, that the time for departure arrives all too quickly. Aurel Murtey Hare, Rho ’14 ALUMN—? The sight recently of an invitation to a fraternity man from an undergraduate brother, running — “we want all you alumnce, etc.” caused me to writhe for the honored and useful but sadly abused Latin language. The words alumnus, alumna, alu7nni and alumnce, incorrectly pro¬ nounced may go unassailed, for it is the habit of the Latin in our mouths to change its pronunciation with every rising generation; but in black and white they must be employed with careful considera¬ tion for the sake of the reputation of a college education and for the respect of ourselves as college products. Let every graduate Theta note that she is an alumna (tra la!), and one of the alumnce (as in tea) : also, that her “gentleman friend” may be an alumnus (as in fuss), and two or more of him are alumni (oh, my eye!). Elinor Hall Horner ANNOUNCEMENTS Chi is anxious to get the present address of the following members. Anyone knowing one or more of these addresses will do a favor if they will send the same to Miss Louise Balsey, 306 Walnut place, Syracuse, N. Y. (Last known address, new incorrect, given with name below.) Pauline Jennings, 332 W. 56th st. New York, N. Y. Lillian Irene Percival, 347 W. 55th st. New York City. Mrs. E. T. S. Hollowell (Emma L. Simmons) New Berne, N. C. Mrs. Walter Clarke Dean (Kath A. Brundage) 824 Alerson st. N., Washington, D. C. The fraternity wishes the present address of the following Thetas. If you know one of these addresses, please send it to the Editor at 15 East avenue, Ithaca, N. Y. Gladys Willard Dalas Rogers (Mrs. W. H. Koehn) Helen Cummings (Mrs. Burdette O’Connor)

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338 Kappa Alpha Theta PANAMA-CALIFORNIA EXPOSITION “Every American should see the San Diego exposition. Architec¬ turally, it is the most wonderful achievement I have ever seen.’* This opinion, expressed by John Barrett, director general of the Pan-American union, gives in a few words the sentiment of the hundreds of thousands who have visited the grounds of the Panama- Calif ornia exposition at San Diego, which opened on New Year’s Eve for the entire year 1915. Even the most optimistic prophets failed to realize what a drawing card the San Diego exposition would be to persons from all parts of the country. More than 42,000 persons attended the opening New Year’s Eve; and since then, thousands have passed through the exposition gates every day. There are many unique features at the San Diego exposition, and their number and importance is due directly to the existence of the fair at San Francisco, at first thought a calamity but now recognized as a decided boon, for it was competition that forced San Diego to create something different from the conventional, and better than it. Several of the buildings are large, but except for the great dome and tower of the California State Building, standing at the west approach near the end of the great Puente Cabrillo, few are tall. Instead they spread luxuriously over broad spaces on the mesa which looks down on the sea and the strand of Coronado, or back up the fertile valleys to the Sierras, with long, cool cloisters and arcades lining their facades. Instead of baking streets there are prados, bordered with acacia and lawns and thick beds of gladiolus and poinsettia and low shrubbery which droops through the arches of the arcades. Up the walls, up to the Spanish domes and towers and the belfries where pigeons nest and mission bells swing, clambers the gorgeous growth of rose and honeysuckle and bougainvillea, the superb vine whose bloom does much to make a fairyland of southern California. A portal invites one past the cloister, and beyond there lies a quiet patio, green with foliage illuminated by the color of an occassional flowering shrub, murmuring with the soft play of a fountain. A rug-draped balcony on the wall of an adjoining palace stirs a lazy spirit of romance, and a recollection of Spanish tradition, and a complete understanding when the shrubbery stirs slightly and there appears a slim caballero singing his serenade to the girl behind the railing. The guards and attendants in this dream city are conquista- dores and caballeros. The dancing girls who hold carnival in the plazas and along the Prado are Spanish dancing girls.

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Panama-Calij ornia exposition 339 Many of the exhibits are out-of-doors, many indoors in the mis¬ sions, the palaces, the cathedrals of the Spanish city. The broad lawns, the grove of pepper trees, the patios, the wide stretch of open country all about, stretching down to the canyons, encourage one mightily. He realizes that this, after all, is a concentration in a small space of the whole life of the New West, and he is filled with a longing to see more, to see the great vineyards of olive and orange, to see the vast apple and cherry country to the north, to roam in the forest reserves and up the slopes of the snow¬ capped Rockies, and over the agricultural empire beyond. It is typically western, this, but its great lesson, the utilization of possi¬ bilities, is as applicable to the cut-over timber lands of Wisconsin, the “flats” of the Mississippi Valley, the neglected lands of the South and New England. He who is willing to learn can learn a plenty, wherever his interests may lie. There is something of this spirit in the “Painted Desert,” which started as an amusement, but has developed into an education. Sur¬ rounded by an adobe wall and a cedar post stockade, its rocky formation, its sand, its very cactus like to the scenery of the real Painted Desert of Arizona, it seeks to concentrate in a small space the real native life of the southwest. It is cut by a high mesa. On one side lies the reserve of the Navajos and the other wandering tribes, on the other pueblos of the village Indians, the Hopi, Zuni, Taos and the Rio Grande pueblos. The Indians have been brought to San Diego to build the homes they will occupy in 1915, and they have wrought well, thanks to a deal of encouragement from the white men who have performed all the heavy work. Braves and squaws and papooses are there, and the pottery is being shaped, the rugs and blankets are being woven, the ornaments are being pounded out, exactly as the arts and crafts of the red man have been carried on for centuries. The tribal ceremonies take place in reconstructed kivas which stand in the open space before the high adobe dwellings. This should rank properly with the ethnology exhibit at the other end of the grounds. Amusements there are in plenty, for no exposition could succeed without its Pike or Midway — the “Isthmus” at San Diego, as a fresh reminder of what it is the Panama-California Exposition is celebrat¬ ing. There are entertainments of a hundred varieties, but the impres¬ sion exists that the casual tourist who goes to San Diego in 1915 for amusement will get that, but in addition will come away with an education.

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340 Kappa Alpha Theta MAJORITY AND MINORITY VOTING Do delegates ever realize that their chapters are judged, not by the appearance of the girls representing them, but by their votes on important matters? When any delegate votes with the majority does she do so because she is thoughtlessly following a good leader, or because she is convinced that the motion was a wise one? If she votes with minority, is it because she is holding out for some selfish interest of her chapter, has some worthy substitute motion to offei later, or because she (or her chapter) is out of tune with the fra¬ ternity at large? When a delegate is voting with the minority on many motions she should frankly ask herself the reason, because the greater number of the measures presented at a convention deal directly with the fra¬ ternity’s advancement and are introduced by those who are the most familiar with the needs and business of the entire fraternity. Edith Ackerman Da>wson KAPPA ALPHA THETA CONVENTION TICKETS All kinds of transportation will be accepted on the Special train. Most conventionites will use the ninety-day excursion tickets to the Pacific coast These tickets permit one to travel West by one road and East by another, with stop-overs at any places en route. But, you must select your return route when you buy your ticket, for you can not change your route once you have your ticket. Any railroad office will furnish you with full information as to the “40 ways to the Coast,” or the railroad officials in charge of our Special train plans will be glad to help you make your decisions. These latter are Mr. C. A. Cairns, G. P. T. A., Chicago and Northwestern railway, Chicago, III. and Mr. PI. A. Noble, G. P. A., Great Northern railway, St. Paul, Minn. There are two types of these ninety-day tickets. Ticket No. i : Goes to Washington and Oregon, by a Northern road, and returns East by any one of the four Northern routes — Northern Pacific, Great Northern, Milwaukee, Canadian Pacific. The price of these tickets is $62.50 from Chicago, proportionate rates from all other points. If you buy this type of ticket and wish to travel by the Special train, your ticket West must read : Chicago & Northwestern; Chicago to St. Paul. Great Northern; St. Paul to Portland. Spokane, Portland & Seattle R. R. ; Portland to Astoria. Astoria is the destination point on these tickets, and a side trip coupon to Gearhart will be issued on the train, at round trip fare of thirty-five cents. Ticket No. 2 : Goes West to Washington and Oregon by a Northern route and returns East via California. These tickets cost $i7-50 niore than tickets for the direct routes. All California routed tickets include a free side trip coupon to San Diego (600 miles south of San Francisco) — where is the

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Convention 341 California-Panama exposition, well worth seeing — if coup>ons for San Diego are asked for when ticket is purchased. If you buy this type of ticket for the Special train it must read one of three ways : (a) If you are going to California by steamer from Astoria (seaport is called Flavel) the ticket should read : Chicago & Northwestern; Chicago to St. Paul. Great Northern ; St. Paul to Portland. Spokane, Portland & Seattle R. R. ; Portland to Astoria. Great Northern Pacific Steamship Co. ; Astoria to San Francisco. Coupons to Gearhart will be distributed for these tickets on the train, as for ticket No. i. (b) If you are going to California by rail, the ticket should read : Chicago & Northwestern ; Chicago to St. Paul. Great Northern ; St. Paul to Portland. Southern Pacific ; Portland to San Francisco (or any California destina¬ tion chosen). On this ticket you have to go to convention as a side trip from Portland, round trip ticket from Portland to Gearhart, $4. Coupons for this side trip will be attached to ticket when purchased, if asked for and paid for at that time, or they can be purchased in Portland; but the first plan is the better one, as it insures getting baggage more promptly. Pullman reservations from Portland to San Francisco can be made en route, or during the stop of the Special train in Portland. (c) If you wish to go to California and make both the going and returning trip by a Northern route, the best plan is to buy ticket No. i, and make the trip to California and return by boat, buying round trip boat tickets in Astoria. Two steamship lines are available; the “Big Three,” round trip $25 ; “Great Northern Pacific,” round trip $30. The last is a faster service with newer boats. Rates include berths and meals as well as transportation. All these ticket directions apply only to tickets purchased East of the Rockies; West of the Rockies many special excursion rates will be in effect this summer, so consult your local railroad office for best rates, et cetera, from that section of the country. BAGGAGE Baggage tags, having inscription “Kappa Alpha Theta, Special train de luxe,” will be furnished by Mr. Gross in answer to your request for Pullman reser¬ vations on the Special train. Make sure that your trunk carries one of these tags. Check baggage to Portland or Astoria, depending on sort of ticket you have. In either case, baggage checks will be collected on the Special train and forwarded, so that you will be greeted by your trunk when you arrive at the hotel. GREAT NORTHERN PACIFIC STEAMSHIP COMPANY Sailings : Boat leaves Astoria, Saturday, July 3 at i p. m. and arrives in San Francisco, July 4 about 3 P* na. The next sailing i» Tuesday, July 6, and every Thursday, Saturday and Tuesday thereafter. If you are going to use these boats you should make your reservations now, because the route is popular and bookings for all the summer sailings are filling up fast and you want to be sure of good accommodations. The boats are new, finely equipped and there is no extra charge for meals or berths, which makes this pleasant trip by sea less expensive than the like delightful one by land. Rooms, on Deck A, some accommodating one, some two people, are $10 to $15 extra. Rooms on Deck B, that include private bath, or parlor and bedroom, are also $10 to $15 extra. State rooms are all, two or three berth rooms, and con¬ necting rooms can be reserved upon request. There is a vast difference in the choice of rooms ; about one-half are inside rooms, so in making reservations

Page 46

342 Kappa Alpha Theta you should specify “berth in a real outside room.” There is no promenade space around any deck except A. Deck B is preferable to Deck C, for second-class and crew accommodations are at one end of Deck C. RESERVATIONS For steamboat space : Your home railroad ticket agent can make these for ^^'por Special train : For sleeping car space, regardless of where you board the Special train, write Mr. H. A. Gross, General agent passenger depart¬ ment, Chicago <5r^ Northwestern railway, 148 S. Clark street, Chicago, III. Early reservation is desirable, though reservations can be made up to June 19. Be sure to state you wish reservations for the “Kappa Alpha Theta Special train,” state the type and number of reservations, and where you will board the Special train. Lower berth, Chicago to Gearhart, $13.50; upper berth, $10.80; drawing room, $48. Proportionate rates from other points. Special cars to connect with Special train. Special Pullmans will be run to Minneapolis from St. Louis and Kansas City and to Chicago from New York City, Cincinnati and Columbus, Ohio. The St. Louis car runs via the Burlington route, leaving St. Louis at 8:16 a. m., June 21 and arriving at Minneapolis, 8 x)0 a. m., June 22. Lower berth,’ $3. Reservations made by Mr. W. A. Lalor, General passenger agent, C. B. Q. Si. Louis, Mo. The Kansas City car will be via Burlington and C. & N. W. It leaves Kansas City, 11:35 a. m. June 21; Omaha, 6:10 p. m. Sioux City, 10:20 p. m. and arrives in Minneapolis, 8:10 a. m. June 22. Lower berth from Kansas City, $3, from Omaha, $2. Reservations made by Mr. H. S. Jones, Passenger agent, C. B. 6^ Q. Kansa,s City, Mo. The New York cars (for New England and Eastern delegations) will run via the New York Central railroad (Lake Shore from Buffalo, west). They will be attached to train No. 3 leaving New York City at 8:45 a. m. June 20; arriving at Albany at 12, noon ; Syracuse, 3 :40 p. m. Rochester, 5 :20 p. m. Buffalo, 7: 15 p. m. Cleveland, 10:35 P- Delegates should arrange to connect with these cars at the most convenient points. Those via Pittsburgh can leave Pittsburgh at 6:00 p. m. and arrive in Cleveland in time to make this connection. The train reaches Chicago at 7 a. m. June 21. Reser¬ vations made by Mr. W. V. Lifsey, General eastern passenger agent. New York Central railroad, 1216 Braadway, New York City. The Columbus car will be via the Big Four, leaving Columbus at 4 :oo p. m. June 20, and arriving at Chicago, 7:40 a. m. June 21. Reservations Mr. H. Bertermann, General agent passenger department, Columbus, Ohio. The Cincinnati car will also be via the Big Four road, leaving Cincinnati, 10:30 p. m. Indianapolis, midnight, June 20, and arriving in Chicago at 7:40 a. m. June 21. Reservations made by Mr. E. R. Whelen, General agent passenger department, Big Four, Cincinnati, Ohio. . 1 • r Each of these agents is prepared to supply you with additional information regarding the special cars under their supervision and advise as to the best place for you to connect with the special cars. Bear in mind that reservations for any of these special cars do not entitle one to space in the Special train. You must make all Special train reser¬ vations direct from Mr. Gross. • 1 For hotel: The hostesses will make the reservations for the official party, that is for the Grand council. District presidents, official delegates from college and alumnae chapters. All others must make their own reservations by writing Miss Agnes Hutchins, Apt. 2, 730 Everett street, Portland, Ore. If delegates wish roommates of their own choosing, they must write Miss Hutchins, too. Please make your reservations early, state definitely if you want a roommate of

Page 47

Convention 343 your own choosing (and give her name), and indicate whether you are a visitor or a delegate. If making reservations for a party, give the name of each individual in the party. Also state when you will arrive and when leave the hotel. Hotel rate, $2.50 per day, American plan, irrespective of location or character of room. As this flat rate has been given us for the entire hotel, early reservations naturally will secure the best rooms. The hotel will accommo¬ date only 225 of us. Others will be lodged in near-by cottages and eat at the hotel. Indications are that we will be crowded but “what’s a little crowding among friends?” Reservations for families and friends of Thetas will be made at near-by hotels and cottages, for obviously they would not wish to deprive members of nearness to proceedings. Every one accompanied by such friends and families should notify Miss Hutchins, please, as to whether or not they wish their own reservations to be made in hotel separate from their party, or wish to be with their party in near-by reservations during Gearhart stay. ITINERARY OF THE SPECIAL TRAIN June 21, Monday, leave Chicago at ii a. m. from the Northwestern station. Chicago headquarters for those who arrive the day before will be at the Sher¬ man house, by recommendation of Chicago alumnae chapter. Hotel reser¬ vations in Chicago should be written for in advance of one’s arrival. A recep¬ tion committee will be at the Northwestern station after 9 130 a. m. till train leaves. June 21, 3:30 p. m. arrive in Madison, leave at ii p. m. Headquarters, Kappa Alpha Theta house, 823 Irving place. June 22, 9 a. m. arrive in Minneapolis, leave at 10:30 p. m. Headquarters, Kappa Alpha Theta house, 314 Tenth avenue, S. E. June 23, 8:30 a. m. arrive at University of North Dakota, leave at 9:30 a. m. Headquarters, Special train. June 24, II a. m. arrive Glacier national park, leave at ii p. m. Head¬ quarters, Glacier national park hotel, where those who do not care to take one of the trips into the heart of the park can spend a comfortable and pleasant day. Hotel rate for the day, room and meals, $3. Two trips are available : (i) to Two-medicine chalets, 12 miles from the hotel, by auto-stage, round trip, including lunch, $2.50 per person; (2) to St. Mary’s lake camp, 32 miles from the hotel, by auto-stage, then by launch to Going-to-the-Sun camp, round trip, including lunch, $8.25 per person. The entire party will have dinner and spend the evening at the Glacier park hotel ; price per plate, for dinner, seventy- five cents. All reservations and arrangements for the day in the Park will be made on the train after leaving St. Paul. June 25, II a. m., arrive Spokane, leave at 10 p. m. Headquarters at the Davenport hotel. Kappa Alpha Theta luncheon at 12 noon. June 26, 12:30, noon, arrive at Seattle, leave at ii p. m. Headquarters, Young Women’s Christian association, Fifth avenue and Seneca street. Lobby on second floor, facing Fifth avenue. June 27, 9 3^* arrive in Portland, leave at 3 p. m. Headquarters, Turkish room, Portland hotel. Fifteenth and Yamhill streets. June 27, 6:30 p. m. arrive at Gearhart. At every stop, except Glacier national park, the resident Thetas, actives and alumnae, will meet the train and act as guides in our sight-seeing and do all in their power to make our stop both profitable and pleasant. But, all excursions, meals, et cetera, at these stops will be strictly Dutch treat, and people can join the sight-seers or not as they choose. All are welcome, but none need feel obligated to do any of the planned stunts that do not appeal to them. Headquarters have been chosen at each stopping place, so as to make it easy for one to arrange to meet local friends and for all to find one another.

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344 Kappa Alpha Theta NOTES The convention newspaper (all issues) will be mailed to any address for twenty-five cents. Advance subscriptions should be sent to Mrs. W. H. McVay, 527 E. 17th street, North, Portland, Ore. Those whose route does not lie through Chicago can join the Special train at any junction point. Friends and the members of the families of Thetas, including gentlemen, are invited to share with us the pleasures and conveniences of the Special train. House-party: It is hoped that many will remain at Gearhart after con¬ vention, which closes with the banquet, Thursday night, July i, for a week-end house-party similar to the one that proved such a delightful aftermath to the Minnewaska convention. If you can, do stay over. The convention rate at the hotel will be granted all of our party until July 10. Mail and telegrams should be addressed : Care Kappa Alpha Theta, Gear¬ hart hotel, Gearhart, Ore. Estimated cost of the trip from Chicago: if you return by a Northern route directly after convention, $150; if you return by way of California and spend a week at the Exposition, $190. These are close estimates and include little side tripping. Banquet tickets will be $1.75 a plate. For those not connecting with the Special train party. Trains leave Port¬ land for Gearhart at 8 :30 a. m. and 6 :30 p. m. daily, and at 2 p. m. on Satur¬ days only. CONVENTION DAYS Each day, June 28 to July i, there will be one general business session be¬ ginning at 9 a. m. and continuing until the work of the day’s program is com¬ pleted. Monday, at i :30 p. m. Chapter luncheons. Monday, 5 p. m. District conventions. Monday evening. Beach party. Tuesday afternoon, eight round tables, of which you can take your choice, but each delegate must attend one round table, and visiting Thetas also are urged to attend these vitally important gatherings. Tuesday evening, Model initiation and a surprise for the college chapters. Wednesday evening. Stunt-party with our Scholarship fund as beneficiary. Thursday, 7 p. m. Convention banquet. CLOTHES You will not need many dress-up clothes; the banquet will be the only formal function and even that is to be a simple, friendly affair. The beach party and a tramp or two, if we can get them in, call for heavy shoes and short skirts and warm wraps, if you are to be most comfortable. The sea will call you, so a bathing suit is needed, though that can, be rented, if you so prefer. You will need clothes of at least springtime weight, for the evenings are cold and seldom if ever does this Beach experience the intensely warm weather so familiar at our Atlantic coast resorts. The hous€-party following convention, will be just restful, lazy days, with tramps, tennis, golf, bathing and — for those who enjoy it — fishing, as the entertainment. The annual yacht regatta takes place at Astoria on July 3, and we are invited to attend the same. The route of our Special train passes north of the hot summer country, so the trip will probably be pleasantly cool and the drives at various stops make a wrap very useful. A woolen suit will be the most comfortable dress for the trip to the Exposition, for the summer time is not a hot time in Central California. CALIFORNIA San Francisco Exposition Trip, The Grand council makes the following suggestions as to the San Fancisco part of your trip, based upon letters of recommendation and advice from high

Page 49

Convention 345 officials of the Exposition organization. It is the plan being recommended by every fraternity to its members. Become a member of the “Travelers’ service bureau.” This Bureau has been organized for the benefit of visitors to the Exposition. It provides at lowest rates, hotel accommodations in San Francisco and vicinity : makes provision for sight-seeing trips ; looks out for baggage, taxicab and messenger service ; makes your railroad and steamship reservation for the return trip ; forwards mail and telegrams ; provides guides and chaperons. To become a member you purchase a service ticket, price $3. The earlier you join the better. Write Mr. H. A. Mallum, Manager of Travelers’ service bureau, 24 California street, San Fran¬ cisco, for particulars and mention Kappa Alpha Theta in so writing. Hotels : San Francisco alumnae recommend the following hotels. In writing for accommodations at any of them, state that you are a “member of the Kappa Alpha Theta party.” Early reservations are advised, since July and August will be record months for crowds at the Exposition. The Inside inn is located on the Exposition grounds, but guests must pay the gate fee to the Exposition, 50 cents a day, the same as if living outside. Rates: European plan, single room, $2.00 to $2.50 per day without bath, $3.00 to $5.00 per day with bath; double room, $3.00 to $3.50 without bath; $4.00 to $6.00 per day with bath. For reservations write Mr. John H. Van Horn, Inside inn, San Francisco, Cal. and send a deposit of $5. The Women s hotel (Young Women’s Christian association) 642 Jones street, San Francisco. Fifteen minutes from Exposition by direct car line. Rates, European plan single room $1 to $1.75 per day;' double room, $1.50 to $3 per day. Special weekly and monthly rates to parties. For reservations write Miss Mary Mitchell. 642 Tones street, ban Francisco, Cal., and send a deposit of $2. The Claremont hotel, Berkeley. Forty minutes from the Exposition by direct ferry. Rates from 50 cents to $2 per day per person, European plan. Reservations made by writing Mr. H. A. Mallum, Convention department, (Jlaremont hotel, Oakland. Cal. Ihis hotel will be headquarters for many college people, as Delta Gamma Pi Beta Phi, Delta Delta Delta, and some of the men’s organizations, have reserved accommodations here for parties from 100 to 500 for the week following their ^spective conventions at the Exposition. It is also headquarters for the National Panhellenic congress. To reach the Exposition from here, as from all cross-the-bay mties, costs ten ceiUs ferry fee, as against a five cent car fare from hotels in San Francisco. Mrs. Chandler, president of San Francisco alumnze chapter, writes: Yesterday, one of the agents took me through the Claremont hotel and its grounds. I am most enthusiastic about it, the views, the gardens, and the ^forest at the rear. The Key route ferry terminal is within a stone’s throw of the hotel. It is a most ideal hotel for women and so restful. Most of the rooms are $2 per day, but many are to be furnished with 3 and 4 single beds, each bed to be 50 cents a night — all U^se are pretty rooms with fine views. There is both a dlining-room and a cafeteria. The Exposition, on clear days and nights, can be seen from this beautifully situated hotel."* Other hotels recommended by San Francisco alumnae as pleasant places for women to stop at, are: the Palace, the Fairmont, Hotel Clift, Hotel Bellevue, Stewart hotel, all m San Francisco; Hotel Oakland and Key Route inn in Oakland; Shattuck hotel. Berkeley inn. Hotel Carlton, all in Berkeley. The Stanford chapter house will be open to Thetas, their families and friends, from June 1 to August 15. It is one hour by rail from the Exposition. Rates. American plan, $2 a day; $12 a week; $22 for two weeks; $40 a month. Make reservations early, especially if there are men in your party. Address: Miss Virginia Murray, Stanford University, Cal. or Miss Jane Spalding, 134 N. Gates street, Los Angeles, Cal. for reservations or further information. L.OS Angeles. The alumnae chapter here has provided a Kappa Alpha Theta locker at the College women’s club. Trinity auditorium building. Ninth street and Grand avenue. Here will be a miniature information bureau for Thetas who visit Los Angeles this summer 1 he chapter will make hotel reservations and in other ways help make your stay there pleasant. See further details elsewhere in the Journal and at convention. 6 an Diego^ The Kappa Alpha Theta club of San Diego has a Service committee that will gladly meet Thetas at trains and assist them in finding pleasant accommodations while visiting the California-Panama Exposition. Further details, addresses, et cetera, else¬ where in the Journal and at convention. Hotels in the Northwest. The alumnae chapters of the Northwest cities will have posted at convention advice as to hotels, trips, et cetera, in all that part of the country, including British Columbia.

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346 Kappa Alpha Theta CHAPTER LETTERS AND ALUMNA NEWS BOSTON ALUMNiE The one meeting held since installation was given over to getting acquainted : with each other, with the past history and organization of Theta — this chiefly for the benefit of members not in recent touch with college chapters — and with preliminary plans for convention. At the April meeting we expect to plan our next year’s program, deciding whether to continue our club policy of sociability and occa¬ sional social work, such as this year’s contributing to the Red Cross and Belgian relief supplies, or to adopt additional activities. The sixth, and last, meeting of the year, will take the form of a picnic. The membership of Boston chapter is as follows : Grace Allen, 58 University road, Brookline; Lida M. Bassett, 64 Hillside ave. Melrose; Mrs. Louise Boisen, 28 Jason st. Arlington; Mrs. John F. Bovard, 1619 Mass. ave. Cambridge; Mrs. Morton C. Bradley, 28 Jason st. Arlington; Mrs. Arthur V. Brown, 89 Ridge St. Waban; Mrs. William Cockley, 25 Felton Hall, Cambridge; Mrs. Charles Coit, 13 Shepard st. Cambridge; Florence S. Diall, Simmons College, Boston; Elisabeth Alward Fames, 154 Riverway, Longwood; Mrs. Melville Eastham, 2 Prescott st. Cambridge; Mrs. C. L. Edwards, 258 Lake ave. Newton Highlands; Mrs. Clarence H. Esty, 97 Addington road, Brookline; Carolyn M. Gerrish. 141 Newbury st. Boston; Mrs. Arthur Holcombe, 21 Follen st. Cam¬ bridge; Elaine Jones, 9 Concord ave. Cambridge; Mrs. J. Paul Kaufman, 1137 Mass. ave. Cambridge; Mrs. Myron Leckner, 174 Lexington ave. Cambridge; Margaret M. Lothrop, Concord, Mass.; Laura A. Merrill, 235 Savin Hill ave. Dorchester; Mrs. L. H. Mur- lin, 97 Hemenway st. Boston; Mrs. William Paisley, 368 Broadway, Winter Hill, Somerville; Mrs. H. P. Perrill, House E, Navy Yard, Charlestown; Mrs. E. T. Redmond, 154 Riverway, Longwood; Mrs. Robert Sayles, 263 Hammond st. Chestnut Hill ; Mrs. Arthur P. Sharp, 14 Natalie ave. Melrose Highlands; Myra Stevens, 105 Peterboro st. Boston; Mrs. Thomas Todd, jr., 97 A Main st. Con¬ cord, Mass.; Muriel K. Thayer, 26 Weston road, Wellesley; Grace Weills, 97 Gainsboro st. Boston; Marjorie Wood, 32 Dana st. Cambridge; Mrs. R. M. Yerkes, 3 Fuller place, Cambridge. Jessie Chase Eastham BURLINGTON ALUMNAE Much fine fellowship has marked the chapter meetings of the win¬ ter just past. No member would willingly miss one of the monthly gatherings. With love, warm and spontaneous, as it was in college days, we have gathered at each other’s homes and while knitting needles flew have attended to fraternity business. Early in the season

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Chapter letters 347 some committee work was done for the Grand Council and other work for the whole fraternity in the nature of compiling is in progress. Once we gave a picnic supper for visitting Thetas but as the social life of all thoughtful people has been more simple this winter, so has ours been. We are making a special effort to entertain the college girls in our homes, a few at a time, especially at dinner with our families. Helen Hodge has just given a party for the pledges alone. In all Lambda’s good times we have been hearty participants. Scattered alumnae in small towns miss the chapter life but some¬ times they, too, surmont difficulties and get together. Recently eight of them had a luncheon in the little town of Wells River, Vermont, coming from a radius of twenty-five miles. Our newest chapter member is Bessie Thayer who will make Bur¬ lington her headquarters while employed by the federal government in State extension service along home economics lines. Chapter membership is seventeen. Number of formal meetings six. 25 March 1915 E. Mabel Brownell CHICAGO ALUMNA At the time of our last letter to the Journal we felt sure that by this year we could boast of fifty members. We are decidedly short of fifty but, to the older members, our rate of increase has been satisfactory indeed. From a membership of sixteen last year, we now have twenty-eight, almost double the number. Surely this is not what it should be, but from the report in the last Bi-monthly, it seems that Chicago Thetas are no worse than many others. If we are going to cope with the other sororities and be in the lead as Theta has al¬ ways been, something must be done to awaken the interest of the alumnae; and the faithful few in Chicago are more than willing to work if they only knew what to do. But it is hard for us to act in unison as we are so separated. Our main thought this year has been to interest the older Thetas living here and to call upon and invite all new Thetas to become members of our chapter. It would be such a help if every college chapter would send the names and addresses of their alumnae living here to our secretary, Jessie Farr, 1806 Wesley avenue, Evanston, Illinois. After perceiving the successful meetings of the North Side Thetas last year, the South and West Sides followed suit this year. Thus each side gives a very informal tea once a month and these with the monthly luncheons make two Theta meetings a month for each alumna. These monthly teas average an attendance of from seven to twelve on all sides of the city. We feel that we owe our increase in membership to these, for they have awakened quite a few fossilized Thetas to the fact that Kappa Alpha Theta is still an active frater-

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348 Kappa Alpha Theta nity. It would probably be interesting to note that our twenty-eight members represent sixteen chapters — namely, Delta 2, Eta 6, Tau 3, Upsilon 1, Beta 2, Iota 1, Phi 3, Omega 1, Alpha Delta 1, Alpha Lambda 1, Mu 1, Alpha Mu 1, Chi 1, Alpha 2, Rho 1, Psi 1. At the beginning of the year we felt sorry to lose the services of our president, Mrs. Wagner, who had to resign as her time was to be much occupied by even more important matters than Theta. But we realized that what was our present loss was Theta’s future gain when, on January 8, she presented Kappa Alpha Theta with a new little sister “Louise,” and if she in any way compares with her mother the little Louise will some future day do worlds of work for Theta. But the old saying is that for every occasion a new man arises, and although in our case it was not a man needed, we feel we have a woman who very well occupies the position of president and is prov¬ ing herself more capable as each month goes by. Marjorie Paterson Ploover, Omega, was elected to succeed Mrs. Wagner for the remain¬ der of the year, and at our last meeting was unanimously elected for the coming year. Our luncheons this year have been very well at¬ tended but we always have room for any other Chicago Thetas and for any Thetas passing through the city. Our Founders’-day lunch¬ eon was a very delightful occasion at Hotel Sherman, and although the attendance was only forty-two, much less than previous years, those who were there pronounced it a huge success. Eva Hall was Toast-mistress, and Dean Potter of Northwestern was guest of honor. Toasts were responded to by Ruth Smith, Alpha Lambda, Margaret Snodgrass, Beta, and Margaret Wilcox, a senior at Northwestern. Jessie Farr, Tau, has been elected delegate to convention with Mrs. Norton, Eta, as alternate. How we would all love to go as the trip surely promises a wonderful time. 30 March 1915. Kittle Button Payne, Psi CINCINNATI ALUMNiE After reading, in the Bi-monthly Report of the Grand Council, the discussion of the problem of how to interest and hold the alumnae, we write with enthusiasm of our chapter here. We feel that this year has been a successful and profitable one. Meetings have been held the second Saturday of each month at the homes of the members, of whom there are now thirty-six. Also joint meetings of the alumnae and members of the active chapter, were arranged for the last Saturday in October, January and May, with one of the alumnae as hostess. The meeting of January 30 took the form of a luncheon when all the Cincinnati Thetas celebrated Founders’-day and spent a most delightful afternoon. February 13 the members again had lunch

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Chapter letters 349 together followed by a business meeting after which they adjourned in a body to attend the pledge service held for our ten splendid, new girls. We select one of the alumnae to act as “advisor” to the active chap¬ ter. She attends their meetings when matters of importance are to be discussed and we find that the active girls are very glad to consult her quite frequently when hard problems arise. Each of the national sororities at Cincinnati university selects one from her alumnae to act as a delegate to the local Panhellenic. We think the plan is a good one and helps to keep the alumnae in close touch with the active chapter. As a member of Alpha chapter, for years a member of Alpha alumnae (by correspondence) I have watched with much interest the establishment of the chapter here. The loyalty and enthusiasm of the V. C. P. alumnae (now Thetas) and their hearty support of the active girls has been a real pleasure to me. Between the two chapters there is a spirit of cooperation which is a source of strength. They certainly have solved the problem of interesting the alumnae. We are anticipating the April meeting with pleasure because we hope to have the Grand vice-president with us, and are planning to have all the Thetas present to give her an enthusiastic greeting and talk over plans for the coming convention. 29 March 1915 Harriet C. Burris CLEVELAND ALUMNAE Cleveland alumnae began the year with a resolve to^do something tangible and we seemed to find work cut out for us in the prepara¬ tions being made at that time for the Christmas Ship, which was to take gifts to the children of war stricken Europe. None of us pro¬ fessed to be experts at sewing but it was remarkable what various talents were discovered — edges were crocheted for eider-down blan¬ kets, collars briar-stitched and little dresses and rompers finished with surprising ease. Thirteen articles were made, largely as the work of an afternoon. At a later meeting we did similar sewing for the Asso¬ ciated Charities of the city. It was a great pleasure to have our District president, Miss De Haven, stop in Cleveland on her way from Pittsburgh to Ann Arbor the latter part of November. Miss Cross and Miss Barnaby enter¬ tained her and gave all the Thetas the privilege of meeting her. It was well that Miss De Haven’s train left at a late hour, for we could hardly be persuaded to go home, so much there was to talk about. Cleveland alumnae realize and deplore their isolation from any active chapter and are eager to hear about the vital matters of fraternity life and organization. Miss De Haven’s visit was an inspiration.

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350 Kappa Alpha Theta We celebrated Founders'-day early, on account of mid-year exami¬ nations, by a luncheon, Saturday, January 9, at .the Woman’s Club, a splendid new building opened this fall. Twenty Thetas, were pres¬ ent; there was no formal program but it is not necessary to tell Thetas how good a time we had together. Among the new members and guests were Mrs. Black and Mrs. Harris from Wooster, Miss Hore from Cornell, and Miss Figley from Vanderbilt. Elizabeth Young Coppedge COLUMBUS ALUMNiE The chapter now has a membership of forty-six, representing five different chapters. Its well attended monthly meetings are held at 6 o’clock, the first Saturday of the month at the homes of its members. After supper has been served, it holds a short business meeting and then enjoys a social hour. Founders’-day celebration was the happiest Alpha Gamma and Columbus alumnae have ever spent, due largely to the cordial hospi¬ tality of Misses Luella and Virgilia Wallace, of the Wallace Collegi¬ ate school and conservatory of music. Virgilia Wallace sang several sweet songs well. These joint gatherings are our most enjoyable meetings of the year, although there is usually one active girl present at each meeting. Hazel Shook, president of Alpha Gamma, compiled a most inter¬ esting letter (read at our March meeting) in which she gave an account of the chapter’s work and the many activities in which its various members are concerned. The sewing necessary to keep our room at the Day Nursery in good condition has not fallen heavily upon us this year. Banta's Greek Exchange has given us helpful and interesting in¬ formation of the fraternity world. The City Panhellenic will give two dramatic performances in April— and the Beast, and Little Red Riding Hoad. Each fraternity is to be represented by two members. Theta’s representa¬ tives will be Mrs. Eugenia Rounsavel Overturf and Ethel Snyder. The proceeds are to be given to the penny lunch fund of the Home and school association. Columbus Thetas are sorry the convention is not closer at hand, so that more of us might receive its inspiration, but we have faith in our delegate, and rejoice that so many Thetas will have the opportun¬ ity of visiting the center of attraction, this summer of 1915. Emma Blesch

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Chapter letters 351 DETROIT ALUMNAE Detroit alumnie at the close of its second year feels hardly better able to give an account of itself than is the human infant at that age. It hopes it has a place in the world and that it will survive the in¬ fantile diseases incident to young chapters, but just what its place is and how it is to strengthen itself it does not know. Our greatest difficulty has been the usual one that besets an alumnae chapter, an unstable personnel. Many have left the city who were members last year, some are, through various circumstances, prevented from attend¬ ance, and the ranks have not been filled by new members to any ex¬ tent. However we have held together and have no notion of doing anything else. In some way we shall work out our particular problem. We feel that our recent elections have given us a new lease of life. Mrs. H. A. Coffin (Abbie Ghodey, Alpha Epsilon) has consented to be our leader ; Bertha Ballard, Eta, is vice-president ; Maude Hallen- beck -Ferine, Pi, is secretary ; Augusta Bookmeyer, Eta, treasurer ; Corene Aldrich, Eta, editor. Elizabeth Williams, Eta, has just been elected convention delegate and other members are planning to attend. So far as Detroit alumnae has undertaken any definite work, it has been along the line of parliamentary training, which we all feel we need. We hope also to familiarize ourselves with the organization, growth, and policy of our fraternity. Until we have accomplished something along these two lines, we feel that we can hardly undertake any other work. Nor are we at all sure that we shall ever be a group whose achievements will awaken the proud admiration of our sisters. We are all busy people and, at present, at least, regard our getting together in the nature of relaxation. We are very fortunate in having the new home of the College Club as a place of meeting. The first Saturday of the month we meet here for luncheon and whatever business is necessary. Here also was held our very successful Founders’-day luncheon. Two other festal occasions have brightened our year; one an afternoon tea at the home of Elizabeth Williams just after Christmas, and a recent evening meeting at the home of our new president — this meeting a very happy mingling of pleasure and business. A joyous event ahead of us is a May-day luncheon in Toledo, at which we and the active mem¬ bers of Eta chapter are to be the guests of the Toledo Thetas, some of whom are members of our alumnae chapter. Are our hostesses not thoughtful in inviting us at a time when our spring wardrobes will be fresh and therefore our spirits high? (If the Editor thinks this last sentiment too frivolous she has the privilege of eliminating it.) Myra Post Cady

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352 Kappa Alpha Theta EVANSTON ALUMNiE At our February luncheon at Mrs. Gazley’s we were entertained by an account of the rushing of freshmen according to the Panhellenic rules. The story was told by two of the active Tau girls. At the business meeting following, Mrs. Frank Murray suggested we have a program at our other luncheons given by one of the members. At the March meeting the suggestion was carried out by Miss Edith Little. She gave us a most interesting talk on her Montessori work, and illustrated her talk with specimens of work done by her school. As she spent last year in Italy, her view of the much discussed advantages of Montessori for American children was quite worth while. Miss Little has been chosen our delegate to convention. Mrs. Carl Wil¬ liams and Mrs. Wilbur Helm took up the work of Social Service with enthusiasm, along the lines of welcoming visiting Thetas, and Thetas who have recently moved to Evanston. Five chapters were represented at the March meeting, which was entertained by Mrs. George Peaks, assisted by Mrs. J. F. Oates and Mrs. James Orchard. Mrs. Blake Bell of Harvard, Illinois, was a guest at the meeting. She plans to send her daughter to Northwestern next year. Two other Tau girls, Mrs. J. U. Sterling of Dixon, and Mrs. Dave Holmes of Janesville, Wisconsin, will send daughters to college next year. There were twenty of us at our last luncheon. Miss Mary Ross Potter, Dean of women at Northwestern has kindly consented to write for the Journal a statement of the rushing situation in that institution, which will be found in another part of this number. Mary Gloss INDIANAPOLIS ALUMNiE This letter records the eighteenth year of the Indianapolis alumnae chapter. It has been a good one. We have had an enjoyable year socially, and have accomplished some definite things along more seri¬ ous lines. A September meeting was held at the home of Clara Lancaster Krull ( Mrs. Walter) . September meetings are usually small, but this one proved an exception to the rule. We had planned to make it a garden party for Gamma and her rushees, but the rushing restrictions imposed by the Butler college authorities so limited the number and kinds of functions allowed that we were forced to give up the idea. Instead, with our last year’s president, Louise Tutewiler Smith (Mrs. Foster) presiding, we had a reunion for the old members, and at the same time welcomed several new ones— among them a number of very youthful alumnae, girls who were graduated from Butler or other

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Chapter letters 353 colleges in June, and some Thetas newly come to live in Indianapolis. Jeanne Crowder and Esther McNaull gave a program of fancy and aesthetic dances, beautifully done. The regular club year did not open until October, when our new president, Arda Knox, took charge. The October meeting was an Officers’ Day. Mary O’Hair Hitz (Mrs. A. D.) opened her home for it, and the chapter officers served both as hostesses and as program committee. Two or three names added at this meeting brought our membership list up to a total of eighty. Usually from forty to fifty attend. Hope Davis, our Grand vice-president helped us carry out the Officers’ Day idea by giving an enthusiastic talk on convention, and other topics of interest in Theta. The officers then presented A Drecitiij an interlude in verse written for the occasion by Ruth O’Hair. It was mock Shakespearian in style, and was based on the fact that our splendid president, Arda Knox, felt, when first elected, that she was positively too busy a person to accept the office with all the responsibilities and work involved. In the Dream, each of the chapter officers appeared in the character of the office she really holds. At last the Spirit of social service (Marie Pritchard) came to add her arguments and persuasions to those of the others, and the day was won. Edna Taylor Ritter acted as Prologuist, and also played the incidental music. The conclusion of the Interlude led directly into tlie installation service. The November meeting was held at the home of Florence Snod¬ grass Sebum (Mrs. William). Edestina Hendrix was in charge of a program entitled the Seven Ages of Woman, which she and her assist¬ ants worked out in a series of clever tableaux. The Christmas party was at that house so often open in Theta hospitality, the home of Miss Emma ■ Clinton, and Mrs. Eichrodt. Marie Pritchard arranged a program of musical monologues, vocal selections, and interpretive dancing, and at the end, we were shown on a screen, a gallery of Theta portraits, ranging from baby pictures up. Edna Taylor Ritter was chairman of a committee which presented an excellent musical program at the home of Bernice Orndorff at the January meeting. The Founders’-day luncheon intervened between this and the next meeting. We are accustomed to having successful Foui\ders’-day luncheons, but this one, in the hands of the various committees named by Miss Knox, seemed unusually enjoyable. About one hundred and fifty Thetas gathered for it, in the Henri IV ballroom, at the Clay- pool hotel. Mrs. George Fitch of Peoria was there, and spoke most interestingly of the work of the Service board. Dr. Ernest Lindley of Bloomington, a Theta husband and brother, and one of our most distinguished supporters, also gave an inspiring talk on the new ideals among women.

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354 Kappa Alpha Theta Both the February and March meetings were held with Dr. Urbana Spink, at Neuronhurst, on account of the fine facilities for play¬ giving afforded by the gymnasium of that sanatorium. The program for the first was a minstrel show in charge of Louise Tutewiler Smith, and for the second, a play, Trouble at Satterlee's acted by some of the younger alumnae under the direction of Mrs. Kate Milner Rabb. Both were very successful. Our activities have by no means been limited to social enjoyments. Along with them we have maintained a regular social service work, which has, however, been treated elsewhere in the Journal, and need not be elaborated on here. Besides our regular contributions to the scholarship fund, we have been making some extra gifts to it, under the leadership of several “captains.’’ It is good to see the ever-increasing number of active and alumnae chapters, on the fraternity roster, to all of whom we send cordial good wishes. Ruth O^Hair KANSAS CITY ALUMNAE For the past year, Kansas City alumnae chapter has been growing in numbers, and especially in enthusiasm for the local charity work it has undertaken. This work is for Mercy hospital for crippled children, and has consisted largely in sewing at the meetings. Money for buying the material was secured last year by a “Story-telling afternoon’’ by Mrs. Katherine Dunn Hall, Kappa, of New York. We try to help in other ways, too. For instance, the December entertainment committee held the meeting at the Hospital and, in¬ stead of refreshments for ourselves, provided an ice cream treat for the children. We have now undertaken to supply them with part of the great number of eggs that they need. Everyone coming to the March meeting was asked to bring a dozen eggs. The number was an even thirty. It was arranged then for a wholesale dealer to supply a case directly each month, and our problem now is to raise the money required without everlasting assessments. The term of office in our chapter is two years, and we regard with great satisfaction the period beginning last January during which Mrs. Marvin Creager will be our president. Thetas who have come here to reside within the past year and are members of our chapter are: Mrs. Elmer Sigler (Margaret Forde, Kappa), Mrs. Merritt Jeffries (Maybelle Wagstaff, Kappa), Mrs. Herbert Hare (Aurel Murtey, Rho), Mrs. Herbert Lininger (Alice Larimer, Alpha Up.silon). Miss Frances Sawyer and Miss Irene Henshall are of us temporarily and Miss Helen Johnson (Alpha Upsilon), of Leavenworth, Kansas, has joined our group. Gale Gossett

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Chapter letters 355 LINCOLN ALUMNiE Lincoln alumnae chapter has had a quiet uneventful winter with the exception of the fact that our members seem to fall from us one by one in steady procession. The first one to go was Mable Murphey, who has gone to live on a farm near Dorchester, Nebraska; next, Julia Thurston Hainer was married on December 28 to Gharles James O’Connor and has gone to live in Berkeley, California; finally Gertrude Laws Hardy has gone for an eight month’s tour of the New England states with her husband. Our meetings continue to be purely social but we have cut the price of the prizes in half and have simplified the refreshments and the money we saved in this way we have donated to the Belgian Relief fund. Last month was banquet — and all its attendant festivities— an ex¬ ceptionally large number of older alumnae were back for this affair ; also at this time we gained a new alumna, for Mrs. Tuckermann, a member of the Cincinnati group, was initiated by Rho. We hope that going or coming, Lincoln may see some trans¬ continental convention visitors. 9 April 1915 Katharine Cline NEW YORK ALUMNiE On the first Saturday of the winter months there has been a gather¬ ing of the Thetas at the Women’s University club. This is now thought of as a Theta home in New York, for many are members, and on meeting days, any Theta may have a guest card for luncheon. For the Founders’ -day celebration, which was observed on January 30, we had an informal luncheon at Hotel Woodstock. Formal toasts were omitted but our president, May Johnson, gave a brief but cordial welcome with a few loyal words that put us in tune for a merry Theta good time. As the seating was planned by the college chapter affiliations, much of the talk brought us news from all parts of the country. We doubt if many of the alumnae readers of this page were forgotten on that day. We wonder how many of the read¬ ers were thinking of the wanderers from their college homes. In December we enjoyed a visit from our District president, Ruth Haslup. Our only other touch with the national Theta world was in October, when several of the chapter were fortunate enough to see Pearle Green when she attended the National Panhellenic congress in New York. We wish to tell our sister Thetas that our committee of informa¬ tion is well organized and that all coming to New York are earnestly urged to avail themselves of it. The chairman is Mrs. Edwin Johnson, 302 Central Park West, telephone, 3175 or 3176 River.

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356 Kappa Alpha Theta We wish all fortunate enough to be going to convention, a delight¬ ful trip and happy stay at Gearhart ! PHILADELPHIA ALUMNAE Philadelphia alumnae this year continued the plan which has proved successful in the past of meeting every third Wednesday in the month at four o’clock at the home of a member, holding a short business meeting followed by a program planned by the executive committee, after which supper is served. We try to have our programs varied, ranging from talks on the Drama League, civic activities, books and vacation experiences, to one afternoon of music and another of an exceedingly frivolous take-off on the Ladies^ Home Journal, entitled the ‘‘Ladies Home Learnall.” The combination of some seri¬ ous and a great deal of social in the meetings seems to be satisfactory and a very large proportion of our forty-six members attend regularly. More than anything else we enjoy getting together once a month. A special canvass was made this winter of all Thetas living in or near Philadelphia, to determine how many were not members of the alumnae chapter, and why. Almost without exception those not be¬ longing are prevented by other engagements upon that afternoon or by babies at home. We are especially anxious to welcome all the Thetas possible. Best wishes for a fine Convention to those of you who can be there. We are sorry that we can’t have just as large a crowd of Philadel¬ phia alumnae at Gearhart as at Minnewaska. 8 April 1915 Anna D. White PITTSBURGH ALUMNAE The Pittsburgh alumnae chapter has derived much pleasure from the program given in its 1914-15 year-book. Three meetings have been devoted to the study of Greek mythology. Various reports were prepared by selected members and then the subjects were dis¬ cussed by the whole chapter. Our October meeting was a happy reunion to ask each otjier, “What’s the news?’’ In December we held a “Sunshine Day,’’ on which gifts were brought for the city Toy Mission. The Founders’-day luncheon was especially interesting due to the presence of Hope Davis who brought us much news and good cheer. We were glad to have her know the Pi Theta Nu girls of the Univer¬ sity of Pittsburgh who are claiming our attention this year. In April, we are to give a tea for these girls. The April and May meetings will be mainly social. April 10 is “Past Presidents’ Day’’ and May first is the “Officers’ luncheon.”

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Chapter letters 357 We have been in closer touch with fraternity matters this year because our District president, Jessamine De Haven, has been living in Coraopolis and could meet with us. 27 March 1915 R^th Toumley^ PROVIDENCE ALUMNA In spite of diminishing numbers the loyal spirit of the Providence alumnae makes the meetings as inspiring as ever. On those genial occasions we have enjoj'-ed by proxy two trips to Europe, varied by exciting war experiences, a Christmas supper, our ever dear Founders’- day, and a busy meeting at which we laid our plans for the year. At this, our first meeting, we decided to make a Thanksgiving donation to a needy girl on the recommendation of one of our members engaged in social work, and felt great happiness in doing our little service for her. Our activities have been, among others, working on the membership question, revising our by-laws, cheering on the compilers of our chapter history, and planning for convention. We are proud to say that it looks now as if the delegation to Oregon would be larger than that which enjoyed the installation of Boston alumnae. ’05 Announcement is made of the birth of a son, Samuel Edward Eaton, jr, to Mr and Mrs S. E. Eaton (Olive Bowers Eddy) on Jan. 29. ’08 Ruth L. Foster’s new address is 381 Angell st. Providence, R. I. ’13 Elva M. Lake is managing a tea room with her sister in Albany, N. Y. ’13 The engagement is announced of Barbara Littlefield to Kenneth Tanner. ’13 The address of Mrs Milledge Purdy (Ruth Ryther) is 34 Church st. South Manchester, Conn. PULLMAN ALUMNA*: Perhaps our chapter has a unique past. It is the outgrowth of a Theta club which has been meeting regularly for more than a year. As a club it held many profitable meetings but never felt it could undertake a chapter as there were so few Thetas permanently resi¬ dents of the city. But when Norma Hendricks, our District presi¬ dent, visited Alpha Sigma last autumn, she strongly urged us to petition for a charter, which we did, with the very happy result that on November 16, 1914, it was granted. The date for our installation was set for Founders’-day as we decided to entertain the girls of Alpha Sigma in honor of that occa¬ sion. Since Founders’-day came in the midst of semester finals we celebrated on Saturday, January 30. Installation was held in the, afternoon at the home of Alice Paterson. Mabel Baker Hooker, Alpha Sigma and representative of Spokane alumnae, acted as install¬ ing officer. Following is a list of our members: Charlotte Malotte Kruegel, Pearl Cassell Bender, Alice Paterson, Blanch Blynn Ruby, Katherine Blynn, all of Beta ; Mary Anderson and Mrs. C. A. Liven- good of Upsilon ; Eleanor W. McCroskey of Chi ; Marien Swezey, Rho; Marjorie Johnson, Psi ; Bessie Fergerson, Phi; Margaret Faw-

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358 Kappa Alpha Theta cett, Alpha Pi ; Ruth DePledge Burgunder, Alpha Lambda ; Carolyn^ Healey, Alpha Tau; Ellen Smith, Delta; Elizabeth Burrows, Chi; Verne Gaddis, Maud Putman, Laila Egge, Margaret Brislawn, Marguerite Wilmer, Marion Flood McCroskey, Gladys Waller, Flor¬ ence Waller and Lora Green all of Alpha Sigma. The installation service completed, we adjourned to the chapter house for a buffet supper and an inspiring and entertaining evening was spent in visiting and singing Theta songs. As a chapter, we realize that the object of an alumnae organiza¬ tion is to continue to carry out the help and advantages established in the college chapter life. We realize too, that the time devoted to clubs which have no purpose could be much better spent in real work, and that we receive pleasure and profit commensurate with what our organization adds to the fraternity’s strength. However, as nation¬ ally, we are only a few months old, the most of our time has been spent in getting acquainted with our new members and readjusting ourselves in Theta. Having an active chapter here with us, will mean a continual growth of Theta enthusiasm and we expect to have a constant and active interest in all their hopes and plans. Plans and preparations for next summer’s convention at Gearhart- by-the-Sea have been thus far uppermost in our minds, and we are making every possible effort to contribute our share in making this the largest and best convention Kappa Alpha Theta ever held. Eagerness is unabated — and an atmosphere of impatience and curios¬ ity hovers near as we await the coming of June and our first real national experience. 20 March 1915 Lora Green ST. LOUIS ALUMNiE In our annual message to the Journal there seems to be nothing of special interest to say: we have prospered, barring some sickness, and are proud of our new crop of babies ! Of course Sigma’s prime interest is in her coffee scheme, of which there is more from the pen of the guardian angel of it all. Sigma wishes heartily that more of her members could attend the glorious convention of 1915, and will listen with joyous envy to the tales thereof. In all humility Sigma craves knowledge of how to keep alumnae happy in their state of being alumnae Thetas. She assures all Thetas that interest in the fraternity is always repaid in pleasure and profit to every individual Theta who works with mind or heart for “the black and the gold.’’ Elinor Hall Homer “A Cup of Coffee - .” What follows the dash, be it bacon and eggs or toast, matters not in this tale. It was the familiar, un-

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Chapter letters 359 failing, never-changing order of “a cup of coffee” that caused St. Louis alumnae of Kappa Alpha Theta to enter the Coffee business — in order to make Scholarship money. Give the people something they need, they desire, they will have — and half the battle is won. We ourselves and all our friends were tired of subscribing to undesirable magazines to aid boys through college, of buying and selling tickets for Benefit plays by home- talent; of having the “most easily applied and most lasting of floor polishes” thrust unwillingly upon our pantry shelves. But we were ambitious. Our Scholarship fund needed extra pennies, our own chapter needed an incentive for existing and some of our idle mem¬ bers needed work. So we picked our ammunition and weapons well, aimed straight and killed three birds with one “bean” instead of the customary two. How? Why, we sell coffee. A previous issue told of the methods of our business in its infancy. We feel now we are in our prime. It’s good coffee. Our one hundred and seventy-five retail customers all say so. Equal to a regular 45 cent grade. But we buy direct from a wholesale house, cut out the middleman’s profits and retail at 30 cents and 33 cents a pound, according to the amount. To combine our two ulterior motives — keep our alumnae interested and keep our business going — we work everybody. The coffee arrives at the martyr’s attic in 150 pound gunnies. One morning each week, two girls, reminded by postals of their pledge taken the first meeting of the year, come to the attic store, to fill the required number of 10 pound and 3 pound bags, from the 150 pounds bulk. Part are of ground coffee, part whole. In each bag an order blank and addressed envelope are placed so as to be in the customer’s hands for the next ordering. Securely tied, as the blistered hands of our firm plainly show, they are ready to be addressed. According to the rules on the blanks, the orders flow in all during the week and Friday afternoon the bags are stamped and addressed to the customers. These bags are not only Parcel Post bags, accepted through the mails, but also find their way to towel racks and dishcloth piles when emptied. An express man takes them to the postoffice where the odor so noticeable and enticing, has brought us a number of unsolicited customers. Saturday morn¬ ing, a weekly average of 90 pounds of delicious black K. A. T. coffee finds itself in the homes of our families, friends and well wishers. Would you like to know the approximate results of our scheme after IJ^ years trial? 5280 pounds of coffee have been sold. Over $200 has been cleared. We are known the city over through the boosts of one customer to another and by the clinging odor each and all our suits carry from the attic store. A smell of coffee in a street car invariably means “a Theta near.” The blistered hand, spilled

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360 Kappa Alpha Theta coffee and sometimes late coming packing companions are good mirrors jn which are reflected the quick temper of this one or the patience of that. But most of all, we’ve worked together happily, energetically, loyally for a common cause — a good cause — Scholar¬ ship. Are any of you dissatisfied with your coffee? Just fill out the fol¬ lowing blank, inclose check and postage over two cents and we guarantee to satisfy you. BLACK K. A. T. COFFEE CO. 5527 Waterman Ave. St. Louis, Mo. Please send by Parcel Post (postage prepaid) . 10 lb. ($3.00) 3 lb. ($1.00) packages of Coffee (ground or whole). Enclosed find MoSy Order f"*- ^ . Name . Address . Orders must be in by Friday. Deliveries every Saturday. Checks payable to Black K. A. T. Coffee Co. TOPEKA ALUMN/E We have achieved at least one ambition this year, for out of the chaos resulting from the great inrush of ^‘little immigrants” in the fall, a well organized, working unit has been evolved. We have had monthly meetings with a usual attendance of fifteen or twenty, at w^hich we have sung Theta songs and discussed all sorts of Theta projects over our tea cups. And after all our discussion, we have concluded that our definite aim, for the present at least, shall be to keep the alumnai united and to help our active chapter here with whatever we can give of time, effort, or money. With the exception of our Founders’-day dinner, our yearly house gift, and a little house sewing which we have done at our meetings, our efforts have not gone much further than ideas. We hope, how¬ ever, to base our next year’s work on these ideas, and we feel that our work of this year has laid a good foundation for the fulfillment of our future plans. The convention plans sound so alluring that we are all fairly aching to go, but most of us will have to be content with sending greetings to all Thetas through our delegate, Mrs. Frank Thompson. 30 March 1915 Louise McNeal

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Chapter letters 361 TORONTO ALUMNiE The alumnae letter coming just once a year seems not unlike an annual report to one whose mind is bent on such matters. The house party which was held last May at Orchard Point, Lake Simcoe, was one of the j oiliest events of the year for the Toronto alumnae chapter, and though it was Sigma’s party so many alumnae were present that it had quite a sedate air. A departure was made this year in changing the hour of meeting to noon on Saturday and the attendance has been so good that no doubt this hour will be continued. We met once a month in the active chapter’s rooms and had luncheon and a short business meeting. Our interests as a chapter were as usual centered in helping Sigma with her rushing and with the room rent. Sigma’s seniors came to our last meeting which was a happy occasion, as the five graduates are all, we hope, embryo alumnae members, for they all live in Toronto. We have been fortunate this year in having a cosmopolitan air on account of the residence in Toronto of three Thetas from the United States : Mrs. Lalor of Omega has returned here to live after an absence of several years, Mrs. Hatheway of Alpha Kappa is also living here and Miss Chalkley of Kappa is teaching at Havergal college. At one of our meetings we had letters from absent alumnae and were interested and proud to hear of the doings of Sigmaites who are out of Toronto. I think the most noticeable thing about us is our extreme busyness, at home and out of town. This year, of course, Canada offers no room for idlers and all our work and thoughts are tinged by the war which has already called men from the homes of many Thetas. The alumnae chapter shared this year in the first great sorrow which Sigma has had through the death of one of our mem¬ bers, Marion Coats Sutherland, 1910. A first break seems very hard and emphasizes the dearness of those who remain. Mary Beatrice Millman, 1914, is to be our delegate to the convention. ALPHA - DE PAUW UNIVERSITY No letter received — 13 April 1915. BETA - INDIANA UNIVERSITY In looking back over the college year we feel that we have indeed traveled a long, long way since the first milepost appeared in Septem¬ ber. Why, the powers that be are even going to change our spring, summer, winter, and fall terms into the semester system! And more wonderful than that and much more ardently hoped for, the trustees have at length decided to give us a new gymnasium. When President Bryan announced on March 13, between the halves of the State

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362 Kappa Alpha Theta basketball tournament, that we had been granted a new $150,000 gymnasium, the applause shook the present “flimsy structure” to its foundations. On every Wednesday morning during this year the chimes have rung, the seniors have donned their caps and gowns, and we have had convocation. At these convocations we have been addressed by many of the most eminent speakers and thinkers of the country. At times the program has been varied by music from the University orchestra. We are also glad that Maude Adams played here this winter in The Legend of Lenore and in The Ladies' Shakespeare, and that John Drew appeared in Rosemary, Turning from the university to our smaller organization, it still seems that this has been a very successful year. At least, if activity is a sign of it, we can claim success. On February 1, our alumnae gave us a very delightful party at the home of Mrs. Lindley, and we certainly did enjoy it. On February 13, we gave our big annual dance which was acknowledged by every one to be a great success. In February, the freshmen surprised us with a present of three beautiful oriental rugs, and you may be sure we were delighted with them. We have also had two hand-painted candlesticks given to us by Etta Murphy Smith, who was a Theta here in 1893. The candlesticks look as if they had been made especially for our house, so well do they fit into the rooms. On March 6, the “County Fair” was held. It is an annual event gotten up and conducted by the various organi¬ zations, although the proceeds go to the Young Women’s Christian association. For our stunt we gave a particularly thrilling melodrama entitled Dot, the miner's daughter or One glass of mne. It’s success may be judged by the fact that in one evening the play was “put on” seven times. So much we have done, but we are planning to do more. We are preparing to have a big home-coming week for all Beta Thetas. The plans are not as yet fully matured, just when we’re going to have it, or just v/hat we’re going to do. But we can tell you this — you’d better come and see. During that same week we are going to give a Faculty reception. On April 24 there is to be a house-party for the old and new Young Women’s Christian association cabinets. Four Thetas will have the honor of going, Mary Rieman, Hazel Bertsch, Hilda Springer and Ruth Clark. It will be in historic Brown county, the place made faimous by “Abe Martin.” The girls who went last year still talk of the wonderful time that they had, and we quite envy those who are going this year. We were much interested in Eta’s discussion in the March Journal of the weekly study program and decided to tell you our experience as frankly as she had told hers. We think that fraternity discussion of

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Chapter letters 363 the program does help us, forcibly, to realize that we are only a part of a large organization, and that cooperation and a similar program for every chapter does help to unify us. But, though we found some parts very interesting, the amount of time necessary for their prepa¬ ration impaired their utility to such a degree that we found that as a whole, they were not so helpful as it was hoped they would be. Beta has evolved a plan that we thought might interest other chapters. About once or twice a term we have what we call “Teapot night.” All the criticisms, pleasant or otherwise that have occurred to any one are written down on slips of paper, folded up and put into the teapot. After dinner, when only Thetas are present, these criticisms are read. Of course they afford some amusement, but are also of great help, both to the offender and to the offended. To every Theta, Beta sends good wishes for the year, 30 March 1915 Katharine Rawles GAMMA - BUTLER COLLEGE The very first day of this semester, February 3, started us into festivities with a lovely party given us by Mrs. Eichrodt, one of our most loyal alumnae. It was a supper, followed by an informal evening of pleasure, at least to the freshmen. Our hostess informed us that the freshmen were to have entire charge, and we actives were to do exactly their bidding. Feeling probably that this might be their only chance the pledges searched the most remote corners of their minds, and found all kinds of ridiculous stunts which were carried out by the actives, surely successfully if their success could be judged by the merriment they caused. On February 15, at the home of Helen Hand, we initiated Eliza¬ beth Ray, Lucile Adams and Katherine Riley. With the addition of these three, the return of Bonnie Applegate, after a semesters absence, and the affiliation of Dorothy Reynolds from Alpha, we now have twenty-four girls in our chapter. The following Monday, February 22, the Junior Prom occurred at the Woodruff club. We Thetas felt an unusual interest in the Prom this year, because Katherine Jameson, one of our juniors, led the grand march. With the close of a successful basketball season, all Butler is look¬ ing forward to the opening of spring athletics. For the first time in several years, we are to be represented in track, the preliminary meet to be held early in April.

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364 Kappa Alpha Theta The Tri Belts entertained us beautifully with a St. Patrick’s card party, at the home of Elizabeth Cooper, on Thursday, March 11, and on March 25, we were entertained by Pi Beta Phi, at the home of Mrs. Hope Graham. We cannot tell how much we enjoy these parties given us by other sororities, where we can meet as college friends, the girls whom perhaps we meet too often as rivals. Our grades, again this semester, ranked high, and we are extremely proud of our two actives, and one pledge who made the honor roll, Mary Zoercher, Lola Connor and Virginia Kingsbury. Our biggest festive occasion of the year is always our State dance, which was held this year, March 30, at the Claypool hotel. It was larger than usual, there being about two hundred couples in the grand march, which was led by our National vice-president, Miss Hope Davis. There were present Thetas from all three chapters in Indiana, beside alumnae and guests. We are looking forward to the convention with great pleasure be¬ cause, although we cannot all go, we are sending a girl who we know will bring it all home to us, in Lorene Jefferies ’16. Every year each freshman of this chapter is required to write a Theta song and on March 22, we had a party at the home of Kather¬ ine Jameson where we were entertained by twenty fine, new. Theta songs. We learned several things, and on the other hand were im¬ pressed with our lack of learning by some of the songs, as in one we learned that “the oriole is a Theta bird,” and, as another was writ¬ ten in German. At a Panhellenic meeting recently called by President Howe, he announced that next year we are to have matriculation day pledging, so it looks as if we were to have again, a heavy summer rush. 30 March 1915 Laura Aim Reed ’i6-ex. Born, to Mr and Mrs L. C. Huey (Lela Duke), a boy. Mar. 19. ’06-ex Born, to Mr and Mrs Foley (Jess Ragsdale) a boy, Feb. 9. ’ll The marriage of Margaret Barr to William Stewart Bowman occurred Mar. II. "" Charlotte Bachman spent a week-end, the guest of friends at Earlham, recently. Mary Celearius, Alpha Tau, was the guest of Bernice and Marjorie Hall for the State dance. Deceased, Mary Adelaide, daughter of Mr and Mrs Walter Schuler (Helen Carver) Feb. 4. ’ll Deceased, Robert, infant son of Mr and Mrs Samuel J. Offutt (Nell Reed) Feb. 10. ’ii-ex Mr and Mrs A. B. Shultz (Helene I^wis) are at home, 210 S. Ritter ave. Irvington.

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Chapter letters 365 DELTA - UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS Delta has another freshman, making seven in all. Early in March Elsa Haase of Oak Park was pledged — we would like you all to know her. Just now we have another cause for happiness: Theta ranks third in scholarship for the past semester. Of course our constant aim is to be first, but last semester we had so many drawbacks, as our fire, and several illnesses, that we were afraid our average would be seriously lowered. Our endeavors now are to reach the top of the list this term. Every other Thursday afternoon very informal teas are given at the chapter house, to which all resident Thetas are invited. Our hope is to strengthen the bond between the active and alumnae girls. The teas have been very successful, and we feel that they will be beneficial to all of us. May 13 is the date set for the Girl’s Annual stunt-show. All girl’s organizations submit stunts, and from these the best eight are chosen for presentation the Thursday night of Interscholastic. Theta is particularly interested this year, because Beatrice Copley, one of our seniors, is manager. The freshmen have charge of our stunt — it is to be a ‘*Girl Dance,” and, judging from the descriptions and plans it will surely be among the best. The Panhellenic gave its annual party for all non-sorority girls Saturday afternoon, March 6. The two large parlors of the Woman’s building were used. In one there was dancing, in the other vaudeville sketches were given. Every one of the 400 girls who came seemed to enjoy it. Illinois is very fortunate in having such splendid spirit among all university women. There is little antagonism among fra¬ ternity girls, and the cooperation between the independents and fraternity girls is very good. Jane Link ^i6 Stella Percival is to be our convention delegate; as alternate Frances Klank was named. ^i6 Ella Burns who has not been in college because of poor health is visiting the chapter for a few days. ’14 The engagement of Margaret Harris to W. E. Levis ’13, 2 X, has been announced. The wedding will be in June. Mr and Mrs Allen (Bess Grevett) of Danville, Ill. are the parents of a baby boy. Elizabeth Green of Champaign is visiting in New York. The engagement of Gertrude Humphrey to Howard Kimmel, 4> A O, has been announced. *17 Cecilia Ward has withdrawn from college because of poor health. Married, Vera Rogers and John A. Bailey. Address : 1620 5th ave. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Born to Mr and Mrs A. J. Quigley (Josephine Meissner) a daughter, Josephine Dorothy, Mar. 17, 1915.

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366 Kappa Alpha Theta ETA — UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN No letter received — 13 April 1915. IOTA - CORNELL UNIVERSITY Home and spring garments are really the chief topics voiced in and about the dormitories just now. The spring recess begins on April 1, a space of time allotted to us, I am sure, for the purpose of extending to the grippe and other nasty maladies a final adieu. Since the last letter to the Journal, every week-end has been given over to some delightful activity. Thetas have been busily engaged in working for the senior, junior, and sophomore stunts which followed one another in rapid succession. Basketball finals came in between the stunts. This last week we took pleasure in initiating another true-blue girl, Amy Luce of Riverhead, Long Island. Mrs. Anna B. Comstock, Miss L. Pearle Green, Miss Cecilia Law, Mrs. Lyons and Mrs. C. W. Webb were the alumnae present. On April 17 we give our formal dance in Prudence Risley. Prepa¬ rations for it are already under way. After our recess the seniors at Risley will give a series of teas for the faculty. Music, dramatics, and dancing will be features. Then a faculty reception will be held in Sage by all the seniors and juniors in the university. During the last Cornell convocation hour Bailey Hall was literally jammed with students, alternately inspired to serious thought and to giggling by a rousing speech given by ex-president, William H. Taft. In pursuing our interests in world peace, several Iotas have be¬ come members of the Woman’s Peace party. The Ithaca branch, among its other desires to become an active unit in the organization, is hoping to have Euripides’ Trojan Women played in Ithaca at some later date. We have chosen Helen Spalding as our delegate to convention and Mildred Watt will go with her. Would that more of us could see you all at Gearhart, but lota’s spirit and best wishes for a glorious time will go to you with them. 29 March 1915 Editha Cora Smith ’86 Mrs Charles E. Snyder (Eva A. Smith) visited the chapter while here as substitute delegate to the Alumni Forum. ’07 Marian Leatherman is teaching and taking graduate work at Cham¬ paign, Ill. ’12 Born to Mr and Mrs G. E. Saunders (Katherine Potts) a son, William Ewart Gladstone, 2d, on Mar. i, 1915. ’12 Vera Davidson has announced her engagement to Mr William Storic. ’12 Margaret Mandeville Warner is living at Hickman, Ky.

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Chapter letters 367 KAPPA — UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS We introduce to you two more splendid girls— Naomi Simpson and Catharine Johnson — who were pledged February 24 and initiated March 27. Naomi Simpson of Topeka, Kansas, is a junior in col- lege, vice-president of Student council, a member of Pi Gamma Sigma, honorary sorority in the department of education, and on the second cabinet of the Young Women’s Christian association. Catharine Johnson is a freshman this semester, and her home is in New Rochelle, New York. What have been our successes and failures this past year is to be the subject of this last chapter letter. To tell of our successes it might be well to give the names of two girls who have done much to make Theta uphold her own — our two seniors, Marie Hedrick and Elsa Barteldes. Marie Hedrick, of Kansas City, is perhaps known to some of you, as she was at the last convention. She is a member of Torch club, an honorary society among senior women, was on the cabinet of the Young Women’s Christian association, and was chairman of an important committee appointed to consider the adop¬ tion of the point system. Elsa Barteldes, of Lawrence, Kansas, was president of Women’s Panhellenic association this year, and was very influential in bringing about some needed reforms. She estab¬ lished the system of the Penalty board, consisting of an alumna from each sorority, over half the number to be faculty women. This board has the power of penalizing any sorority for breaking rules adopted by the association. She also insisted, during her term of office that every alumna advisor be present at each meeting. Elsa is a member of the Dramatic club, is an officer in the Deutcher Verein, and was on the play cast of the latter. At initiation service March 27, thirty of our alumnae were present. The alumnae of Lawrence are very much interested in everything we do, and most of them keep in touch with the active chapter. All during the year, on Wednesday night we have been entertain¬ ing members of the faculty and some of our alumnae at dinner. In this way we become much better acquainted with these people than we would at receptions and teas. From March 2-8 John R. Mott and Raymond Robbins conducted a religious campaign at the University of Kansas. They succeeded in awaking the students here to a very large extent, and did much more good than anything of its kind has ever accomplished here¬ tofore. As for our scholarship, as I have mentioned before, we lead the college wdth an average of 86.6 — not only sorority women but non¬ sorority women.

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368 Kappa Alpha Theta We shall start out with six seniors next year, and more than that many juniors, at least we are not handicapped by lack of upperclass¬ men, and with this beginning we expect to accomplish much. 28 March 1915 Carolyn McNutt Born to Mr and Mrs Byron Bliss (Marguerite Stone) a daughter, Caroline, Nov. i8, 1914. Born, January 30, 1915, a daughter, Ruth Elizabeth, to Mr and Mrs Claud E. Sowers (Ruth Lawson). Born to Mr and Mrs Joseph Laurence Burd (Vera Hull) Feb. 26, 1915, a son, Laurence Hull. ’14 The mother of Amarynthia Smith died March 20. ’17 Carolyn McNutt was elected to the First Cabinet of the Y. W. C. A. to serve as chairman on the publicity committee. ’17 Louise Hedrick was elected to the Second Cabinet of the Y. W. C. A. ’13 Beatrice Neumiller Wheelock (Mrs Donald) visited us March^ 18-20. ’16-ex Frances Sawyer, who is not in college this semester, visited us March 18-20. ’18 Mary McClure, who had to leave college last semester, is enrolled again as a sophomore. ’18 Theo Thompson was in the German Club play, March 21. ’17-ex Irene Henshall spent a week-end with us recently. ’16 Ilsa Wilhelmi plays an important part in the German Dramatic Club play in May. ’14 Florence Fuqua made us a short visit March 6-7. ’15 Elsa Barteldes played in the German Club play March 21. ’16 Irma Wilhelmi was on the cast for the German Club play March 21. ’15 The engagement of Elsa Barteldes to Robert James Campbell, ^ K was announced March 14. 1 i_ • 1 ’13 To Mr and Mrs Asa Black (Pauline Murray) was born a baby girl. Feb. 14 14 Ruth Harger, who is teaching in Winfield, Kan. was back for initiation March 27. LAMBDA — UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT Initation has come and gone, and now we are happy to present nine new wearers of the kite: Ruth Adams ’16, of St. Johnsbury, a transfer from Mt. Holyoke; Margaret Murphy ’17, of Shenandoah, Iowa; Floy Camp ’18, of Randolph; Mildred Chapin ’18, of Jericho; Helen Hall ’18, of Burlington; Bessie Reynolds ’18, of Burlington; Mary Sparks ’18, of Ruthland ; Hazel Warden ’18, of Great Falls, Montana; and Isabelle Watson ’18, of London, England. Initiation was held at the home of Dean and Mrs. J. W. Votey (Emma Lane ’83), followed by a formal banquet at the Hotel Vermont. Including our alumnae there were about sixty present. We were particularly happy in having Mary Simpson ’13, for our toast- mistress. The Saturday night before initiation our pledges entertained us at their stunt-party. During the few days preceding, the ever vigilant sophomores had been busy giving certain mysterious commands, and stunt-party was the result. We were introduced to all the members

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Chapter letters 369 of the 7'heta family; Mr. Theta, Mrs. Theta, Junior Theta, the maid Mary Lambda, Theta’s pansy. Theta’s K. A. T. and of course. Theta’s Goat. They presented the one-act farce Houf Junior Theta got Mrs. Thetafs goat. Our pledges certainly rose to the occasion, and showed us the possil)ilities of such a high sounding name. March 13, Mrs. Benton wife of our President, and Mrs. Stetson, our Advisor of women, entertained the women of the university at the President’s house. Miss Emma H. Gunther head of the depart¬ ment of Household and institution administration at Columbia, spoke on the broader opportunities for women trained along those lines of her work. A few days later Miss Jackson of the Inter¬ collegiate bureau spoke at Grassmount of the various vocational fields open to college women. Miss Jackson mentioned one of our Vermont alumnae, Cora Parkhurst ’13, a Tri Delta, who is doing very success¬ ful research work under the direction of the Women’s educational and industrial union of Boston. The women of the university have formed a dramatic club. Masque and Sandal, and all girls who have taken any part in college, theatri¬ cals are eligible. The men’s society. Wig and Buckskin, is going to stage Pomander walk Junior week, and arrangements have been made with the Masque and Sandal whereby four of the female parts will be taken by women. Heretofore these parts have been taken by the men, but owing to the importance of correct presentation this plan was deemed impracticable. Convention is the all absorbing topic of conversation, and many are the hours we have spent over timetables and folders. Lambda hopes to send a few of her girls to the gathering of our national family. Those of us who must stay behind send love and best wishes to you all at Gearhart. 31 March 1915 Gladys Pauley ’91 Mary H. Bosworth was in town Washington’s birthday for the Kake Walk. ’99 Died, Mary Russell Stevenson (Mrs W. F.) Feb. 10 at 49 Halycon Road, New Rochelle, N. Y. Mrs Stevenson was ill only a few days, her death following an operation at the New Rochelle Hospital. She leaves, beside her husband, one daughter, Virginia, two and a half years old. ’08 Born, a child to Ella Pine Miller. ’09 Born, a daughter to Mr and Mrs Edward Chapin (Miriam Hitchcock). Among the out of town alumnae present at initiation were Ellen Miller Johnson ’78, Amy Wilson ’10, of Lyndonville, Carol Hatch ’13, of Randolph, Mary Simpson ’13, of Morrisville, Margery Watson ’14, of Hartford, Nina Shepardson ’14, of Richmond, Georgia Gilford ’14, of Mount Hermon, Mass, and Edith Coulman ’14, of Pittsford. ’13 Bessie Thayer, formerly teacher in Peoples’ academy at Morrisville, is now working in the university extension department. Miss Thayer was one of the speakers at the state teachers’ convention recently held in Burlington. ’12 Lois Redmond of Lyndonville spent a few days in Burlington recently.

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370 Kappa Alpha Theta ’83 Emma Lane Votey (Mrs J. W.) is now visiting her daughter, Ruth Votey Sternbergh ’10, in Reading, Pa. Dorothy Votey ’16-ex, who has been spending the winter in Pennsylvania has returned to Burlington. ’15 Ethel Jackson spent the Easter vacation in South Framingham, Mass. ’17 Elizabeth Baker who was at Wisconsin the first half of the year has returned to Vermont. MU — ALLEGHENY COLLEGE On Saturday, February 6, we held initiation, for our nine pledges: Ruth Brumbaugh, Jessie Howell, Anne McConnell, Dorothy Nichols, Florence Peterson, Agnes Robinson, Norene Saxton, Gertrude Simp¬ son, and Adelaide Singley. We had an unusually large number of alumnae with us at this occasion, both from Meadville, and from out of town. Many of the latter came on Friday and stayed until Sun¬ day, so that we had a chance to become well acquainted and to talk over old times and new plans. We were glad to have among our guests Jessamine De Haven, our District president, who has promised to pay us another visit before commencement. On Monday, February 22, the college held its fifteenth annual Washington’s birthday dinner. As usual the decorations and costumes were elaborate and attractive, but the joy of the occasion was a trifle marred because the sophomores and freshmen got into trouble earlier in the day and were not allowed to attend the banquet. Allegheny has just closed a record breaking basketball season, and is the proud possessor of the champion team of Pennsylvania. We played twelve games, of which we lost one to Syracuse, which had one of the strongest teams in the eastern part of the country. This defeat, however, did not detract from our state championship. Two of our best men, Graham and Dunbar, are graduating this year, but there is enough good material left to give us another such team in 1916. Our Publicity committee has released the program for Centennial week, and from what we can judge it will be a week of solid enjoy¬ ment and entertainment with a possibility of not a little enlightenment on the side. Plans for our new chemistry building have been pub¬ lished ; and work has already been begun on remodelling Alden hall, the former chemistry building that was partially destroyed by fire in J anuary . Our Easter vacation begins April 2 and lasts ten days. It will be a much needed rest to everyone, faculty and students included; for all have been working unusually hard. Soon after we come back work will be commenced on the Centennial pageant. We Thetas have been sometimes absorbed in the general rush, but we have managed to have our Saturday meetings with only one or two exceptipns. Our invitations are out now for our spring party which is in the nature of a function, and is to be held at the Saeger-

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Chapter letters 371 town Inn, April 17. We are looking forward to the best commence¬ ment ever, with the largest number of alumnae that have ever come back. They are coming, too, from all the corners of the earth. We wish for all Thetas everywhere a happy, restful, and pros¬ perous summer, that may profitably prepare them for the taking up of next year’s burdens. 30 March 1915 Helen R. Adams Clara Hutchinson was married February 2 to Louis Custer, K 2, Cornell. Their address is Mount Vernon, N. Y. Mrs Peck has announced the engagement of her daughter, Helen Peck, to Edward P. Daniels, 2 A E, Allegheny college. Mrs Lowe has spent the winter with her little daughter, Esther, in St. Petersburg, Fla. Bess Dutton will be married May i to Joseph Utley, of Greenville, formerly of Pittsburgh. RHO - UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA 'This time of the year is a very gay and busy one for nearly every one in college. The fraternity and sorority formal parties, their banquets and initiations, to say nothing of those dreadful mid-semester ex¬ aminations, which open your eyes to the fact that you have been en- joying college life a little too much and that you must work hard most of the rest of the semester — all have their share in filling up the time, and in making you wonder why you cannot have forty-eight hours in every day instead of only twenty-four very short ones. Theta with all the rest, has had her share of things to keep her busy. Our initiation and banquet on March 20— the time that freshmen have been looking forward to with longing eyes— is past ; that time when we all get together, and when we all feel most keenly, the real, true meaning of Theta love. That has all come and gone, and now Rho can boast fourteen new, proud wearers of the kite. Our freshmen gave a very clever stunt at the fraternity house after the banquet. It was a vaudeville performance which indeed did them credit. Pledging at mid-years is not usually as exciting and busy a time as it is in the fall, for, as a rule, very few girls enter college at that time. However, Rho is glad to announce the pledging of four more splendid girls : Ruth Beecher of Hastings, Larue Gillern of Bethany, Fannie Wood of Lincoln, and Marguerite Chace of Wayne. Our formal party comes on April 24, and we are all looking for¬ ward to that time with the greatest pleasure. Rho is very happy to announce that one of her seniors is to graduate with Phi Beta Kappa honors : Louise Bedwell of Omaha. 28 March 1915 Cornelia W. Crittenden Mrs K. C. Randall has a son, Lorin, bom March 7. ’09 Helen Day Coon’s (Mrs Sheldon) address is 1036 W. Indiana ave. Spokane, Wash.

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372 Kappa Alpha Theta Mamie Anderson, was married to Ray A. Crancer, 4> F A, at Boise, Idaho, January 27. They live in Lincoln. Born to Mr and Mrs Deweese (Alice Towne) a son, Wilford Joel. ’07 Claire Davey is spending several weeks visiting in Lincoln. ’07 Mrs J. Allen Murphy (Mabel Dutch) has moved to Dorchester, Neb. Mrs John Clark (Joyce Clark) and younger son, of Cheyenne, Wyo. are visiting in Lincoln at present. Imogene Clark is spending the winter in Hastings, Neb. ’07 Mrs Albert Ela (Mary Baulby) and small son from Ketchican, Alaska, have been visiting her parents at Crete for some time. They will go soon to their home in Washington, D. C. , ^14 Helene Peck is doing library work in Minneapolis, Minn, this winter. ’14 Geraldine Gray, who was operated on for appendicitis in January at her home in Columbus, is convalescing nicely. Mr and Mrs W. E. Hardy have gone on an extended trip to New York. Ihey expect to be gone until October. SIGMA — UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO Convocation arrived some weeks ago for many of our students, because Toronto university has thought it proper to confer degrees upon her men, who are going to the front, immediately. No examina¬ tions were held. The simple fact that they had volunteered to right for their Mother Country in conjunction with the fact that they were in their final year and proceeding towards a degree, was all the re- (juirement needed. They wore no gowns but knelt to receive their hoods, in the uniform of a British soldier, a circumstance which is unparalleled in the history of Toronto university and perhaps in that of any other university in the world. The examinations are a month earlier for those of us who are left. Consequently all activities around college are drawing to a close. Sigma held her annual tea for the seniors, a short time ago, and it was termed a great success. The Anderson family were our hostesses, and now that we have in Mary, a fourth Theta from that home, the name of Anderson seems almost inseparable from the name of Sigma. The Kappa Kappa Gammas at Victoria college, which forms a part of Toronto university, have had a great deal of trouble with the college authorities, and fear that they will have to give up their charters. It has been suggested, that if the women’s fraternities of University college would rush in Victoria college, and if they would rush down here, matters might be improved. Kappa Kappa Gamma is the only fraternity in that college and hence the dividing line be¬ tween fraternity and non-fraternity is very marked. However, noth¬ ing definite has been decided as yet. Let us hope that Kappa Kappa Gamma will stay with us and perhaps rush against us. There is room for another fraternity in University college. 30 March 1915 Helen McMillan

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Chapter letters 373 TAU - NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY March 13 was pledge day. A few weeks before, Panhellenic had terminated a mad contagion of rushing by not allowing more than one sorority girl to be with more than two freshmen at a time. But after the thirteenth everybody settled back with a sigh of relief, and tried to think of something to talk about. We had all talked about freshmen so long that we didn’t have any other brand of conversation. March pledging has been an utter failure at Northwestern. There may be two opinions about sophomore pledging, but there is only one about the present kind, and that one is that “once is enough.” The time is too short to get acquainted with the freshman class without virtual if not open rushing, and far too long for real rushing. But the utter failure part has nothing to do with our freshmen. We got eleven, bringing the total number of the active chapter to thirty-eight. They are Ruth Keig, Imogene Voorhees, Madge Shelby, all Theta sisters; Jeane Haskins, Gloria Ray, Elinor Foster, Lucille Moore, Elsie Goettler, Ariel Long, Victoria Erwin, Laura Heath. They are to be initiated April 10, and there is to be a formal party given for them at the Evanston Woman’s club, April 16. 29 March 1915 Mary Herrick Mr and Mrs E. Bragg (Gertrude Curme) 7201 Champlain ave. Chicago, announce the birth of a daughter, Helen, on Feb. 8. ’13 The engagement of Louise Nichols to Mr Henry Hafner of Oak Park, Ill. has been announced. The wedding will take place in June. ’13 Zelda Hensen visited the chapter for several days during March. ’13 Mrs Sterry Long (Helen Ryan) of Parena, Idaho, is visiting her parents. Dr and Mrs Ryan of Kankakee, Ill. for several months. ’14-ex Ruth Waite visited us in March. Her engagement to Dr Henry Conrad of St. Joseph, Mo. has been announced. The wedding will take place in June. UPSILON — UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA A great honor has just come to Upsilon in the election of Maude Briggs to the presidency of the Young Woman’s Christian association for 1915-1916. Ought we not to feel proud with Thetas holding the two most responsible women’s positions in the university : the presidencies of the Women’s Self-government association and the Young Women’s Christian association? Recently ^e university held a series of lectures on vocational work for women. Miss Bennett of Chicago, head of the Collegeate bureau of employment, whose article appeared in the Theta Journal for May 1914, gave several lectures and special conferences to college girls. She was entertained at our chapter house during her stay. At the opening of the Music building in March, Dorothy Gaver, an Upsilon freshman, appeared on the program in piano selections. The Music building is the former Young Men’s Christian association

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374 Kappa Alpha Theta building, that organization now having its headquarters in the Men’s union. After many meetings and much discussion, local Panhellenic has decided upon the short rush for next year. The long rush has not been satisfactory, so there will be three weeks’ rushing next fall, including matriculation week. Dean Margaret Sweeney submitted a plan, which proposed no first semester rushing of freshmen. Her plan is based upon scholarship, allowing no rushing of freshmen until the first semester grades are in; and the sororities, although feeling it to be impracticable at present, believe it to be an ideal plan to be worked toward. The following are the proposed changes in rushing rules, which will probably be adopted for next year : (1) No freshman may be initiated unless above grade in every sub¬ ject. (2) Accounts of money expended for rushing must be audited before bids are sent out. (3) Rushing money is limited to a maxi¬ mum of $75.00 for the three weeks. (4) After matriculation week there is to be only one evening party, and no engagements with freshmen after 2 p. m. (5) Sorority houses are considered “on the campus”. (6) Sisters shall not entertain freshmen. (7) There may not be more than two consecutive lunch engagements and engage¬ ments may not be made more than two days ahead. At our annual vaudeville, given at Shevlin hall, March 26, about $50.00 was cleared, which amount will go toward the Scholarship fund. The Panhellenic banquet, the Theta alumnae bridge tea, and our first informal dance for initiates, made March a very gay month socially. Panhellenic banquet, held at the Leamington hotel, was attended by Upsilon en masse. Each sorority gave a stunt, and the Theta stunt was particularly appropriate. Hazel Lotze, as the man, read An old sweetheart of mine, substituting the names of the various sororities for the various girls the man dreams about. As each sorority was mentioned, a Theta, representing it by wearing its colors and flowers, appeared for a moment on the balcony. None suited the man until the Panhellenic girl appeared, and the spectators were completely surprised to see — instead of the expected Greek goddess — a strong, firm, apron-garbed woman, carrying a rolling-pin. The alumnae bridge tea was held at the chapter house March 24, and the dance at the Woman’s club March 12. Mrs. Dan Taylor has been elected President of the Minnesota Alumna club. Mrs. L. F. Carpenter and Mrs. Robert Thompson are on the House committee, whose task it is to furnish a new cooperative house, to be known as “Rosemary Cottage”, by fall. It is expected that the Regents will, in the future, substitute the cottage system for the dormitories for non-resident girls, since the

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Chapter letters 375 first cooperative house, managed this year by Althea Heitsmith, has been such a success. All Upsilon mourned the death of Katharine Morse March (Mrs. Harry) on February 12, 1915. She was a most loyal alumna, and attended active meetings until poor health, during the past year, prevented her. She did a great deal for the active chapter, especially in the furnishing of the chapter house, and every member of Upsilon keenly feels her loss. 28 March 1915 ’ Alice McCoy ’03 Mary Holliday Farnum (Mrs Lynn) has returned from Edmonton, Alberta, to live in Minneapolis. Her present address is 3124 Humboldt ave. S. ’04 Blanche Higgenbotham is acting as District president for District VIII. She will be at convention, and those attending from Upsilon will be glad of an opportunity to see her. ’09-ex Perry Jones of Wabasha, Minn, visited the house in February. ’09 Rosamund Leland Bull (Mrs D. F.) 1816 Ashland ave. St. Paul, is recovering from a very serious operation. ’lo-ex The engagement of Lillian Edgerton, of St. Paul, to Louis P. Mack, of Windsor, Conn, has been announced. The wedding will take place in June. ’ii-ex Elinor Jones, of Wabasha, Minn, is spending a few weeks at the chapter house. ’13-ex Arlene Webster has gone to California for six weeks. ’13-ex Florence Greiner has accepted a position to teach in the Reform school at Sauk Centre, next year. ’13 Luella Bussey attended chapter meeting March 29, while spending her Easter vacation in Minneapolis. She has just accepted a position on the editorial staff of The Eagle Magazine at South Bend, Ind. ’14-ex Born, to Mr and Mrs Robert Pye (Katharine Loyhed) Faribault, Minn, a son, Feb. 22, 1915. ’14 Marjorie Mix is spending Easter vacation with Catherine Leland Web¬ ster in Waucoma, Iowa. ’15-ex Blanche Daily completed her course at the St. Cloud Normal in January. She is now teaching primary in Two Harbors, Minn. Ruth Whithed, Alpha Pi, who is at present living in Minneapolis, attended meeting and spread recently. She will return to her home in Grand Forks in April. Florence Clausen Oistad (Mrs Elmer) of Psi, has come to live in Minne¬ apolis. Her address is 2412 Lyndale ave. S. Upsilon expects to be represented by the following members — active and alumnae — at convention in June : Ruth Haynes Carpenter, Emily Leonard, Elva Leonard, Blanche Stanford Bissell, Elizabeth Fisher Litzenburg, Mary Fraser, Helen Leavitt and Ellen Goodrich. The delegate chosen by the active chapter is Louise Leavitt. Mrs Walter P. Scholler, Gamma, 1729 Hague ave. St. Paul, has as her guest, Mrs Ora Williams Green, Gamma, and Psi affiliate. PHI - STANFORD UNIVERSITY Our life has been happy but uneventful since the last letter, which was able to anticipate much that has occurred in the last two months. At this moment we are in the midst of spring vacation. A great many of the girls have gone home, but there are thirteen of us left

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376 Kappa Alpha Theta at the house. We are all availing ourselves of the opportunity to spend a day or two at the Exposition, where there is certainly much to see. On February 14 we initiated Hope Kervin and Mabel Hough. On February 15 we had our usual Valentine’s dinner with Cupid in military guise acting as postman and distributing jokes, alias valen¬ tines. We were charmingly entertained by Elizabeth Edwards at a dance given at her home in Palo Alto on March 8. On the following Saturday the underclassmen gave their dance. This was the most elaborate house dance of the year, for all our dances have been in¬ formal since at the beginning of the year we decided to give up the customary formal dance. Bernice Tompkins is giving a series of luncheons in San Jose for the girls. During vacation she entertained the girls, who were not away for the vacation, at the Country club in San Jose. Doris Taylor gave a rushing luncheon at the Palace hotel. The junior opera. The dragon's eye, was produced during Junior week, which just preceded the vacation. The opera was original, and also was produced and coached by W. B. Forbes T5. It was successful far beyond last year’s opera and clever enough to be pro¬ duced elsewhere. Nora Parker ’15, in the role of Miss Matilda Joned from Boston, the heroine’s aunt, and, of course, chaperon, was very clever and amusing and haughtily Bostonian. Dorothy Albrecht was one of the beauty chorus; Florence Mason, a Quaker maid; and Jean Campbell and Doris Taylor, fascinating little Japanese tea maids. Saturday, March 2, was Stanford Presentation day at the Expo¬ sition and an official holiday. The officials of the fair presented a plaque to the university in recognition of the work of Stanford men for the Exposition. Founders’-day was observed March 9. Dr. Jordan gave an address in the morning to the students. In the afternoon the custom of decorating the Mausoleum with flowers was observed by the senior class, and in the evening a banquet was held in the Women’s club house. The first real club house entertainment was very jovial. Everybody enjoyed it because of the fifteen-cent admission and the very amateur theatricals. We were delighted with every sort of performance, from that of Barrie’s The ten pound look, in which Mary Flowers substi¬ tuted for Ethel Barrymore, to musical renditions by the Pi Phis who relied on combs for the sounds they produced. Chi Omega was installed March 6 and a reception given them by Panhellenic the following week.

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Chapter letters 377 We are to enjoy dining at Roble sometime in the near future when half of the girls in the house will dine at Roble for one evening, and the same number of Roble girls will be entertained at the Theta house. To our newest class, 1918, go all our newest honors. Antonio Hyatt has been elected to the Women’s club house board as one of the two freshmen representatives. Marjorie Curry made the fencing team which will meet the California women’s team on April 17. Nancy Lee Willard is to have the part of “Titania” in Alfred Noyes’ Sherwood, which the English club will present later in the semester out of doors in the Stanford estate. Ruth Stone ^14 Virginia Murray and her sister, Mabel Murray, spent the spring vacation at the Theta house. Elizabeth Hogue, Virginia Murray and three members of the Stanford medical faculty were guests of the house at luncheon on Founders’-day. Jean Gilbert visited us this semester. CHI — SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY With the first signs of spring, Syracuse women are thinking of Women’s day, which is now an annual affair. Perhaps it holds a little more interest for Thetas this year since Katherine Rowley ’15 has been chosen by Eta Pi Upsilon as chairman of all the festivities. It is to be about May 15. On March 11 the women gathered, 1500 strong, in the Archbold gymnasium for the “Stuntfest”, the first of its kind to be held here, planned and managed by alumnae with the cooperation of the active college women. It was, as the name implies, a series of stunts — given by the different classes. In each stunt one found Thetas, very busy, helping to make it the success that it proved to be. The audience sat, either at little tables, cabaret style, or around the running track, which served as a balcony. Small darky ( ?) waiters whose coal black hair had suspicious fringes of gold or brown on the edges, wheeled around serving tables bearing delicious sandwiches and steaming coffee. Quaint little maids of the ’60s and jaunty young lads in velvet suits served the ices and cakes. And, for it all, one paid nearly every cent she carried, but it was for the Women’s building — which phrase is almost a sesame to open pocketbooks. On February 25, the Women’s Glee club gave a very successful concert — the proceeds going to the Women’s building fund. There again Theta had her share of representatives. De Etta Holmes ’17 has been chosen delegate to convention. She has an opportunity which each of us would like but one, I am afraid, not many of us will share. “Pillow Night” was March 5. Few of our alumnae will recognize it, in fact we can hardly say more of it ourselves. It is a new idea

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378 Kappa Alpha Theta / which worked a pleasing and comfortable change in the appearance of our chairs and window seats. Each two girls gave a new pillow to the house — formally presenting it after a march down the stairs. Chancellor Day and family are moving from their former home, on University avenue, to the Nottingham house, on Walnut avenue, which the university recently purchased for him. On February 12 we had initiation, which is the first one since the second semester rule was passed. Thirteen new members are now added to our list. The banquet was held the following evening at the chapter house. Elsie Kinney TO, presided as toastmistress. Miss Green responded with a delightful toast on Home Ideals; the other toasts were given by the girls of the cahpter. After meeting, February 19, the Kappa Kappa Gamma chapter entertained us very pleasantly in their new home on Walnut avenue. 29 March 1915 Louise Balsley ’04 Born to Mr and Mrs F. A. Woodward (Matilda Alexander) a daughter. ’08 Mr and Mrs E. W. Dalton (Leila Rockwell) announce the birth of a son, born March l, 1915. ’09 Helen Wombough and Lois Frazee were here for initiation. ’09 Born to Mr and Mrs MacDonald G. Newcomb (Carrie Frazer) a daughter. ’10 Edna Ackerman Dawson (Mrs S. Frank) was a guest of the chapter Mar. 5. ^10 Jennie Wombough attended initiation. ’12 Julia Lockwood visited us for initiation. ’13 Fern Manier, Marjorie Banks and Esther Ball Burchard, attended initiation. ’14 Marie Stoddard, Clara Preston and Mildred Baird returned for initiation. Ruth Bayer, Iota, visited the chapter for initiation and banquet. ’16-ex Helen Romig visited the chapter Feb. 19 for the week-end. ’17-ex Edna Long attended initiation. Dora Sours ’17, and Edith Conger ’18, are our new pledges. PSI - UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN The close of the intersorority bowling games has brought Psi the much coveted silver cup, for high total of games, and also smaller cups for the individual bowlers: Lucile Pritchard T6, Marie Carns T5, Laura Hayward T7, Marion Conover T6, Charlotte Bodman T6, Anita Pleuss T6. In the general university bowling, five Thetas are on class bowling teams and Laura Hayward has a position on the ’varsity team, with the highest score. One of our good times this semester we owe to the Kappas, who entertained all the Thetas at a Valentine party February 15. The invitation, which was delivered verbally, requested us to wear dresses with “necks six inches below the collar button.” Perhaps this request was not fulfilled literally but it is enough to say that the Thetas who were admitted by a dainty French maid at the Kappa house were young ladies of dazzling pink and white complexions, marvelous head-

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Chapter letters 379 dresses and startling gowns. At first we played games progressively — everything varying from Slap-Jack and Parchesi to Hearts and Old Maid. After that we listened to clever readings and were enter¬ tained by two talented magicians^ — brothers of one of the Kappas. The food was just as good as the entertainment, and was cut in heart shapes whenever consistency permitted. Ten o’clock certainly came too soon. February 27, Helen and Margaret Knowlton ’17 of Madison and Sue Comstock ’17 of La Grange, Illinois, were initiated at the chap¬ ter house. A banquet followed the initiation service, at which Julia Doe was toastmistress. March 30 has been a very momentous day because it is the date of the Self-government association primaries. Charlotte Bodman ’16 is in the race for president and by today’s returns the candidates are Charlotte and one of the Delta Gammas. We shall await the final elections April 8 with a great deal of excitement. The Young Women’s Christian association elections have made Anita Pleuss ’16 the new president for the coming year. In the Red Domino play to be staged in the open air later in the spring, Kathryn Miller ’16 h^s the leading part. We hope that when June 21 rolls around we may be able to greet all of you who are reading this letter — and more, too, — at Madison. 30 March 1915 Margaret Curry Dorothy White Sanford of Shanghai, China, announces the birth of a son, Herbert Brooks, jr. Ethel Moore Bennett, Madison, has a son and heir born in Dec. ’93 Mary Austin Jacobs (Mrs H. H.) of the College Settlement, Milwaukee, entertained Winifred Rettger and Roberta Mann ’15, at lunch when they were in Milwaukee on a sociology trip March 20. ’13 Helen Dodd will assist in Home economics during the summer session at Wisconsin. ’13 Eura Sanders visited in Madison the week-end of Mar. 5* Among those Thetas attending summer school will be Helene Peck ’13, and Lucile Marshall ’14. ’15-ex Marie Hitchins was in Madison for the Junior Prom Feb. 4 and remained until Feb. 15. OMEGA - UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA First of all, to all California alumnae, come back for the two California days, at the Exposition and on the campus, May 7 and 8. The house will be open to you, sometime May 8, all the time of course, but some one time in particular, and the campus will be teem¬ ing with the college friends you haven’t seen for years. All the papers will be full of the program of the day, so I won’t try to give it here. But please, all come back, give us a chance to show you the campus, and show the East how loyal California’s alumnae are.

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380 Kappa Alpha Theta As you may judge, we are all enthused over a grand alumnae reunion that is being planned, during our Senior Week. But, as usual, the end of the term is full to the brim, and we have any number of things to work for. The date of our formal reception has been set for April 16; there is a track meet with Illinois on April 3, as well as all the spring meets and games with our old enemy Stanford ; the Partheneia is on April 9, and you can hear the people who are on committees talking about dyeing the elves, or cutting out the poet ; and to cap it all comes the rush of spring examinations and Senior Week with the freshman-senior banquet at the house. Tomorrow, March 23, is Charter Day, when we celebrate our founding with many speeches in the Greek theater. This year there is to be more of a celebration, a luncheon at Harmon gymnasium, which will turn into a dansant, and a game in the afternoon. And of course, in the meantime, all our energies are divided be¬ tween our new swimming-pool, which has just opened and is swarm¬ ing with girls at all hours of the day, and the Fair. The latter is not so attractive since the warm weather has begun, although we do enjoy riding up into the hills on the street cars to see the wonder¬ ful illuminations in the evening. But by the time all our eastern Thetas from Convention come down here to see the sights, it will be cool again, so that you can tramp the Zone, or wander among the courts with comfort. Last, and best of all, we want to announce that we have again risen to the place we should hold in scholarship, the head of the list of sororities. We have three Phi Beta Kappas in the senior class, Dorothy Rieber, Catharine De Motte, and Elizabeth Page. 22 March 1915 Catharine De Motte ’95 Henrietta Brewer has been giving a series of lectures on the exquisite potteries and rare laces she bought in Europe. ’98 Ednah Wickson Kelly with her husband left recently for New York. ’99 Katherine Wickson has just left Italy, where she has been with her mother. ’07 Mr and Mrs Carlton H. Parker (Cornelia Stratton) are building in Berkeley. They move into their home in June or July. ’07 Florence Wilson is keeping house in New York with Marjorie Lynch ’07. She is interested in settlement work. ’10 Irene Bangs Barton has been visiting a few weeks about the Bay, before returning to her home in Panama. ’12 Lillian Van Dyke is planning to come north in April to see the Expo¬ sition. ’12 Muriel Burnham spent a short vacation at home during March. ’12 Helen Runyon Elliott is down from Stockton, visiting her mother. ’13-ex Alice Hicks Muma will be in San Francisco for several weeks in April. ’14 Helen Waterman is teaching mechanical drawing in one of the San Diego grammar schools. ’14 Hermine Henze is coming to Berkeley to visit her aunt during May.

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Chapter letters 381 Mary Gilbert stayed at the house one night for the Phi Beta Kappa banquet. Eleanor McClaine and her sister from Oregon visited the house during March. ALPHA BETA — SWARTHMORE COLLEGE Several events of interest have varied the monotony of this longest siege of the college year — from February until spring vacation — for Alpha Beta. Before we tell of them, however, we might say that our struggle for better scholarship, which we wrote about in our last letter, has resulted in a slight improvement, as shown by the final marks of the first semester. Our improvement was so slight, how¬ ever, that we still hold third place; Pi Beta Phi ranks first. Delta Gamma second, Kappa Alpha Theta third, and Kappa Kappa Gamma fourth. We are continuing our efforts to reach a better average, and hope soon to regain our place at the head of the list. Among the events of academic interest touching Alpha Beta’s life, the foremost, perhaps, was the election of Isabel Waters and Anna Michener to membership in Pi Sigma Chi, the girls’ senior honorary society. The social side of our life, since you last heard from us, has been marked by our Theta dance, and by the annual sophomore show. The sophomores deserve a great deal of credit for their presentation of Pinafore, in which Elizabeth Worth played the part of “Butter¬ cup”. All of our sophomores did their part toward making the per¬ formance a success. Our dinner-dance was held this year, as usual, at Hamilton Court in Philadelphia. Since it is our only big social event of the year, we bent all our efforts toward making it a success, and we certainly had a good time. The attractively decorated dining-room, the good music, and especially the presence of so many alumnae, all contributed toward making it the best Theta dance. It seemed almost too good to be true that we, a dormitory chapter, should have two delicious dinners in one week, but that is what hap¬ pened when Emily Joyce gave a lovely dinner party for us at her home in Swarthmore, only a few days after our dance. The end of the year seems to be galloping toward us, but we have a great many good times to crowd in before June. We are looking forward to “Somerville Day,” when Jessica Granville-Smith will play the leading part in Quality Street, to a week-end house-party at the home of Elizabeth Worth, and to our annual house-party after com¬ mencement. Then it will be “home for the summer” for most of us, and convention for a few of us, where we hope you will all meet Isabel Jenkins, Alpha Beta’s delegate. 29 March 1915 " Marcia S. Doan

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382 Kappa Alpha Theta ’i6 Katherine Stone, Kappa, spent a few days visiting Alpha Beta. *94 Carolyn Sargent Walter has just founded the “Children’s Crusade for Peace” — a movement to implant peace ideals among the children. In five weeks this movement has gained over 1200 members. Katherine Andrews Gay, Alpha Gamma, has been elected president of the Swarthmore Woman’s club. ’01 May Flannery has been elected by the Philadelphia Alumnae chapter to go to the convention at Oregon. ’92 Hannah Clothier Hull (Mrs Wm. T.) has been the hostess at the John Woolman House this winter. ’14-ex Jean Pennock has been doing work with the Society for Organized Charity in Philadelphia. Her address is 5300 Media st. ’14 Marjorie T. Caldwell has accepted a position with the Biological Labora¬ tory in the University of Pennsylvania. ’14 Martha Travilla Speakman will spend the summer at Camp Wyonegonic, Denmark, Me. Caroline Comly Harris, Anna Wolff Miller, Mabel Sullivan D’olier, Anna Fell, Mary Osgood, Amy Baker, Elizabeth Keller, Kathryn Fell, Catherine Williams, Helen Bernshouse, Marjorie Gideon, Marjorie Caldwell, Katherine Wolffe, and Martha Travilla Speakman attended the Chapter Dance at Hamil¬ ton Court, March 20. Anna Fell, Elizabeth Keller, Catherine Williams, Kathryn Fell, Marjorie Gideon, Martha Travilla Speakman, Jessica Granville-Smith, Marcia Doan, Elizabeth Worth, spent five days of the Easter vacation camping along the Delaware river. ALPHA GAMMA - OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY Today Ohio State takes a deep breath, and hopes to fill up her lungs with the fresh air of enthusiasm during the Easter vacation, and come back fully prepared for work and play. Pledge day is set for May 1, and Sunday calling is permitted during the month of April. Each sorority is allowed, by Pan- hellenic rules, one party, the expense not to exceed $50. Theta has her party April 27, and we are hoping for such success as to leave no regrets on any side. We are planning also to have a dance early in May. The members of the Ohio Legislature visited the campus on February 22, and the Thetas were among the girls chosen to pin flowers upon them. On this day, too, the chimes were played for the first time. These chimes were given by the senior classes, the fund for them being started by the class of 1908, and are located temporarily in Orton hall. They are played three times daily, adding an atmosphere of peace to our already beautiful campus. On Wednesday of last week the Coed number of the Sun Dial was edited. This is our monthly magazine, and this number, edited solely by the girls, was unusually successful. Girls were stationed at all the strategic points, and by 1 1 o'clock there was not an unsold number available. Who says girls are not good business men?

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Chapter letters 383 The Coed prom was given at the Armory on the night of March 5. The girls were masked as both boys and girls in many unique costumes. This is one of the most democratic parties of the year, and it was fully attended by both sorority, non-sorority girls, and freshmen. Do not think by this that Ohio State has nothing but girls’ activities, for really the men are very important here. A new feature in athletics was the Intermural meet, on March 20, also given at the Armory. Every organization of the university was represented by feats of one kind or another. There was an inter¬ sorority relay. Each sorority had a team consisting of four men, and although our team did not come out first, they carried the gold and black ribbons with honor. Last, but not least, I want to introduce our new pledge, Josephine Hamblin, who moved to Columbus recently from Kansas City. 28 March 1915 Elizabeth Lyons hi-ex Born to Mr and Mrs Fred Aves (Florence Huston) of Texas, a son. ’15 Rachel Nauman gave a solo dance at the exhibition of classic dancing on March 23. ’14 Frances Nichols is assistant dietician of a Chicago hospital. ’16 Susan Warfield has been given the part of Peter in Romeo and Juliet, to be given by the Browning dramatic society. Hazel Shook also has a part. ’16 Elizabeth Lyons took part in the play So Help Me, given by the Stroller dramatic society. ’17 Ruth Hoagland has been elected to the History club. Elizabeth Lyons, active delegate, Eugene Overturf (Mrs. Kendall) alumnse delegate, and Helen Michael, will attend the convention at Gearhart, Ore. ’07 Address of Fan Patterson Kennedy (Mrs Burt) is 7114 Low ave. Chicago, Ill. ^08 The new address of Ruth Davis Knox (Mrs Francis) is Sound Beach, Conn. ALPHA DELTA - GOUCHER COLLEGE Theta sisters, rejoice with us! We are at last a happy family, having initiated seven pledges on February 13. There is much excitement at Voucher due to the rumors of a great change which is to take place next year in the college curriculum. One hears it whispered that there will be classes on Saturday (dis¬ tinctly an innovation), senior examinations which will cover every subject taken during the four years’ course, (at which the underclass¬ men groan!). Official information has been given us by the presi¬ dent to the effect that instead of sixty hours required for gradua¬ tion, a certain number of credits a semester shall be necessary. All major and minor courses must be chosen by the second semester of sophomore year in order that the major professor may plan the work of the student.

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384 Kappa Alpha Theta We were disappointed after mid-years, when seeking our grades from the office we were told that no grades could be given on a full year course until after finals. For the first time in the history of Goucher we have a college basketball team! We have challenged Bryn Mawr college and they have accepted the challenge. The game will be played at Bryn Mawr sometime during the last of April. Let us hope our first game will be a victory. The greatest event of the senior year, senior dramatics, took place March 6. Fhe class presented Romeo and Juliet. The leading parts were done remarkably well and the minor parts intelligently portrayed, giving a finished whole which was charming, and which might be favorably compared with professional productions. The next greeting from Alpha Delta will be in person at Gearhart- by-the-Sea. ^ Hoffman. ’07 Edith Sprowles will visit Mrs Howell Cobb Erwin during the Easter holidays. ’08 Adelaide Porter Thomsen (Mrs Samuel) is spending a few months i» Baltimore. ’o8-’o9 Emily Dunbar and Katherine Lindsay spend several weeks at Atlantic City. ’lo-^ii Meta McClellan will be married in April. Grace Bennett and Mariam Pitts will be bridesmaids. ’ll Adele Hopkins Phraener (Mrs C. E.) announces the birth of a son. ’ll Allegra Covey Richardson (Mrs Charles H.) announces the birth of a son, George Covey. ’ll Ruth Taylor has been chosen as alumnae delegate to convention. ’13 Mary Wilson Swindell (Mrs J. R.) announces the birth of a son, Philip Wilson. ’13 Mary von Wyzecki announces her engagement to John Gunetrene . of Baltimore, who is a member of 11 K X Johns Hopkins. ’i3"ex Laura Bennett Le Cron (Mrs Norman) is now in her new home at Beulah Villa. ’14 Dorothy Wilson is doing social volunteer work this year. ’14 Blanche Ross has been taking an active part in the Billy Sunday Campaign beside the social work she is engaged in. ’15 Mary Hoffman is spending the spring vacation at the home of Virginia Snider of Clarksburg, W. Va. ’16 Mary Colt has been chosen as delegate for convention. ’18 Frances Kreeger and Helen Ferris are spending part of the spring vacation at Atlantic City. ALPHA ZETA — BARNARD COLLEGE Alpha Zeta chapter, acting under Grand Council’s advice, has re¬ quested the National Panhellenic to provide some arrangement where¬ by all the fraternity chapters at Barnard shall hand over their charters at the same time. And so in case of a miracle occurring and fraternities being restored, no chapter would have the advantage of any other, as all would have relinquished their charters.

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Chapter letters 385 In the meantime our last few months of college are very busy. Foremost in our mind is the production of the Admirable Mr, Crichton by Wigs and Cues, our dramatic association, on April 16 and 17. We are especially interested, as Virginia Pulleyn, our chapter president, has one of the leading parts. And then we have the great quarter Century Celebration also to look forward to. By authority of the President, all academic exercises have been suspended on the afternoon of Thursday, April 29, and the morning and afternoon of Friday, April 30, in order that all students and officers may par¬ ticipate in the ceremonies commemorating the twenty-fifth anni¬ versary of the founding of the college. Which ceremonies are to include exercises in the university gymnasium on Thursday after¬ noon, and Creek games in the university gymnasium on Friday after¬ noon. This is a little later than usual for Greek games, but they were postponed purposely for the celebration, as they are one of the most interesting and unique events of the college year. On Thursday evening, there will be a subscription dinner in connection with the celebration at the Hotel Astor. Short speeches will be made by Dr. S. Josephine Baker, Mrs. August Belmont, Professor Mary W. Calkins, Miss Laura D. Gill, Mrs. Henry Wise Muller, Mrs. George Haven Putnam, Miss Agnes Repplier, Miss Lillian D. Wald, presi¬ dent of the Associate alumnae, and by the president of the under¬ graduate association. After the excitement of the celebration is over, we shall be draw¬ ing close to examinations, and then senior week with all of its gay festivities. The senior play is to be Earth Deities by Bliss Carman and Mary Perry King. It is to be given on the campus on Saturday evening. May 29. And Mary Gray, Edna Henry and Helen Gille- audeau have parts. Alpha Zeta regrets that for the first time in many years, she will not be represented at convention, and extends her very best wishes for a successful and delightful convention. 15 April 1915 Helen Gilleaudeau ’o8 Pauline Hamilton Dederer has been elected to Sigma Xi. ’ii-ex Mr and Mrs Ralph Lyon (Hazel Bristol) and family have gone to California. ’i2 Penelope Girdner has announced her engagement to Lawrence Miller, a graduate of Columbia Law school, and is to be married in June. 'i2 Born, to Mr and Mrs Albert Sommerville (Emma Rappelye) a daughter on March 8. , o i. i *14 Dorothy Herod expects to teach in the Swarthmore Preparatory School next year. ’14 Louisa Ross is now studying vocal. ’15 Edna Henry was one of the seven candidates for the graduate scholar¬ ship. , ’15 Helen Gilleaudeau spent the Easter Holidays at Scranton, Penn. *15 Mary Gray spent the Easter Holidays at her home in Boston.

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386 Kappa Alpha Theta ALPHA ETA - VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY February was rather uneventful and, except for a dance given by the chapter at the home of Ellen Duffy, Alpha Eta led a quiet life. In March we had the delightful privilege of having Miss Cotton, our District president, with us for several days. She gave us many valuable suggestions and a new inspiration. During her visit we had an informal tea at the chapter house, which gave the alumnae the opportunity of knowing Miss Cotton, and also a supper and a lunch at the chapter house. One of our alumnae members, Mrs. John F. Kreig (Nell Pride) gave a lovely tea to compliment Miss Cotton, to which all the active and alumnae Thetas in the citv were invited. The four Alpha Eta girls who had the opportunity of meeting Alpha Tau chapter at Cincinnati came back enthusiastic over the youthful chapter. It was certainly a great pleasure to meet such lovable sisters and we are hoping that we may have the opportunity of entertaining them sometime and have them meet all of our chapter. Several of us have been very busy for the past few weeks on the April number of The Observer, Vanderbilt’s monthly publication. This number has been turned over to the women an^ we are working to try to make it surpass all former numbers. I'here are four Thetas on the staff. Today begins the four day S^ng holidays. Alpha Eta always has a delightful house-^rtydurmg thesr^ays at the summer home of Mrs. Slemons, the mother of two of our alumnae members, and one of our very best and most helpful friends. Sara Southall is back this year to spend the holidays with us. A city Panhellenic has been organized. At the first meeting sixteen were present and five fraternities represented. Several other names were sent ’in as prospective members and the organization has been launched with enthusiasm. It is hard to realize that Spring is really here. Only two more months and then examinations, then commencement, and then Con¬ vention. Henrietta Sperry Elise Chase will visit relatives in California this spring. Maria Mason has resigned her position at Martin college and will take a year of rest. ALPHA THETA — UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS All Greek-letter organizations at Texas are rejoicing because the Anti-fraternity bill was killed in the senate by a vote of 49 to 63. This does not mean that the fate of fraternities here is settled, but that it is left in the hands of the faculty ; the attitude of whom is not definitely known, but is believed to be rather favorable.

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Chapter letters 387 During the week of February 15 we had the opportunity of attend¬ ing a series of Home Economics lectures held in the University auditorium. Students, Austin residents, and people from over the entire state took advantage of this rare occasion to hear the talks given by Dr. Scott Nearing of Pennsylvania, Miss Helene Louise Johnson of New York, Mr. Thomas William Surrette of Oxford university. Dr. S. M. Gunn and Mr. Henry Turner Baily of Boston. During the entire week, the students of the Domestic economy depart¬ ment entertained at the D. E. building for faculty, faculty wives, visitors and students. Alpha Theta closed her social calendar for February with an in¬ formal dance at the chapter house. We proved our domestic worth by preparing all our refreshments, even to the freezing of the ice. The house was charmingly decorated. The special feature of the evening was a good time. To all sororities, local Panhellenic has presented for their approval, a plan for extending our social intercourse. For two sororities to exchange two girls for one dinner a week is the suggestion. We, as a chapter, are very rilttch in favor of this idea and hope that it will be adopted. While mentioning new plans, we must not forget our weekly get-together parties. By this system of informal gatherings we hope to bind our freshmen closer to us and to make more impressive the true worth and merit of Kappa Alpha Theta. Recently the Delta Kappa Epsilon honored Theta by asking Mary Farrar and Mary Gibson to pour tea at their reception. Mary Gibson also led the Grand march at the sophomore reception. Two other important social events of the season were the teas given by two resident Thetas, Florence Brownlee and Ethel Rather, the latter to introduce Mrs. W. Metzenthein (Aileen Sykes). We realize that the time for convention is approaching rapidly and that in only a short while we will be together at Gearhart-by-the-Sea. We are all equally as enthusiastic as our delegate and hope that she will not be the only one to take advantage of this wonderful oppor¬ tunity. This is our last word to our sisters until we meet in June. Please let’s everybody be there. Alpha Theta wants her delegate to get so much nationalism from convention that when she returns to Texas she will be just bubbling over. On to the Northwest! On to lovely Gearhart-by-the-Sea 1 Come on ! 31 March 1915 Louise Par melee ’09 Louise Johnson of San Marcos spent home economics week in Austin. ’12 Aileen Sykes was married to Mr Walthae Metzenthein in Galveston on Feb. 13. They will make their home in Austin where Mr Metzenthein is connected with the university German faculty. ’17-ex Louise Parmelee was elected delegate to convention with Helen Beckler as alternate.

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388 Kappa Alpha Theta ’05 Mrs Louis Wilputte (Adele Johnson) of New York City is visiting her family here. ’12-ex On Feb. 12, Frances Gilespie was married. ’17 Hallie Reed Greer and ’18 Charlotte Spence have been chosen members of Y. W. C. A. Cabinet. ’12-ex Mrs Ross Irvin (Helen Johnson) will come Monday to visit her mother and father. ’16-ex Alpha Theta announces with pleasure the pledging of Vera McNue of Northern Texas. ALPHA IOTA — WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY When our last chapter iQ^Jer was written we were looking forward to our annual Martha WaSxiington Tea (which, by the way, was a huge success, in spite of the storm that always accompanies it — in the shape of an initiation cloud-burst this year.) Since then we have been trying to get as much real work done as possible, in view of the hot weather that strikes Saint Louis before commencement. But with April almost here, it seems hard to believe, the end of the college year is already in sight, and Alpha Iota is facing numberless things to be done before we all separate for the summer. The fraternity examinations, one more week of monthly examinations before the finals, numerous athletic contests, and then the annual McMillan hall vaudeville and May Day play. The vaudeville is given in April each year to raise money for May Day and each sorority and the girls of McMillan hall, each contribute a stunt. We are hoping to have another sorority here before a long time elapses, as a group is organizing preparatory to petitioning, and there is splendid material for another national. Washington University was saddened this spring by the death of two Saint Louis women who both contributed generously to its needs : Mrs. Christine Graham gave the Graham Memorial chapel, and Mrs. William McMillan, the girls’ dormitory which bears that name. Convention will come as a splendid climax to a successful year, for all of us who are fortunate enough to go. We are already talking of it and making plans, and so far there are nine of our active chapter who are expecting to be there. The rest of us will perhaps be doomed to staying at home and to summer rushing, but we will all be thinking of convention joys and inspirations and waiting anxiously for the glowing reports of the week at Gearhart-by-the-Sea. 30 March 1915 Helen Anderson ’06 The active chapter extends its sympathy to May Hamilton, whose father died recently. ’10 Anne Fisher has just returned from Montana where she was visiting Ethel Luccock. *10 Mr and Mrs Leland Chivvis (Mary Glasgow) are the parents of a daughter, Mary Ellen, born in March. ’10 Alpha Iota extends its sympathy to Lois Meyer in the death of her father.

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Chapter letters 389 'll Julia Brookes Galt (Mrs Charles E.) is recovering satisfactorily from a serious illness. ’ll Helen Fuller is to be the alumnae delegate to convention. ’15-ex Eugene Bauman of Quincy visited in Saint Louis in March. ’16 Maria Bain has been elected delegate of the active chapter to convention. ALPHA KAPPA — ADELPHI COLLEGE Throughout the city the appeal for money has been spread so that a dormitory may be annexed to the college. Great prosperity is not in evidence this year; in fact we hear more about hard times than ever before, and so the response has not been as great as we had hoped for. However the students re not discouraged. The college girls have all clasped hands and determined to add their mite. Musicales, teas, and the sale of candy and cake have helped to bring us a little nearer the desired goal. By a new ruling of Panhellenic each fraternity had but one party during the second rushing season. We gave an informal tea on March 1 at our rooms. There was little excitement on pledge day for few of the fraternities sent out invitations. To bring our alumnae together and to swell our Scholarship fund, we sent invitations to all our sisters to come to a tea on February 19. With each invitation went a little black bag with a gold K A 0 on it, and a verse asking each one to put as many pennies in it as she was old and to bring it with her when she came to the tea. The scheme worked very well and it was surprising to see how many had reached the century mark. Some of those who could not come or who lived too far away sent their contribution by mail. The usual gayeties of Piaster vacation were topped off, by the Junior prom and college show — D\4rcy of the guards. Farewell parties to the seniors have already started, and we hear whispered preparations for class day and conunencement. Alpha Kappa sends hearty good wishes to all her sisters for a happy, pleasant summer, and at least three of her number hope to become better acquainted when we meet at Gearhart. 30 March 1915 Van Siclen Born to Mr and Mrs John Schoemer (Edna Reilly) a son, John Schoemer, ^ Mrs Carl Carr (Marion Sukeford) is visiting in New York. ’12-ex Clara Mahler has recently announced her engagement to Howard Maeder. ^ ^ , ’15-ex Agnes Haldane who is living in Paterson, N. J. gave a Theta card party on Feb. 12. . 1 Mabel Marine, who is now a senior at Smith, was at the Prom. ALPHA LAMBDA — UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON One of the most talked of events of the college year was the recent announcement of elections to Phi Beta Kappa. Theta had

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390 Kappa Alpha Theta two representatives, Mabel Remsburg and Elgine Warren. The fact gained additional emphasis since only one other sorority, Gamma Phi Beta, w^ represented in the election. There is some speculation as to the significance of the great majority of non-fraternity students among the undergraduates so honored. Alpha Lambda has very much enjoyed our recent opportunity of meeting Miss Anne Guthrie editor of The reader^ s guide, who is spending the winter in Seattle. Miss Guthrie is well known in library circles. All students in the Library school have profited by her inter¬ esting talks on her vocation. Theta just carried off the championship in an inter-sorority basket¬ ball series. There has been an unusual amount of interest in the games this year and we are delighted with the outcome, although we met our Waterloo when we played the Independents. Many sororities have offered their houses for the use of the great Home economics convention to be held at the University during the last week in August. Theta hopes that some of our Eastern sisters may be among those to take advantage of our hospitality. Best wishes to all for a pleasant vacation ! 31 March 1915 Elgine Warren ALPHA MU— UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI After a few days’ rushing at the beginning of the second semester, we pledged Margaret Bate of Columbia and Vivian Kirkpatrick of Saint Louis, both of whom entered as freshmen. On February 11, we initiated six girls who had fulfilled the uni¬ versity scholarship requirement — Adele Sennott, Dorothy Mumford, Katherine Haston, Helen Hestwood, Esther Newcomb, and Mary Reese, four of whom are now living in the house. Our freshmen have given two informal dances, one at the house and one at the home of Mrs. Mumford. Forty of us, alumnae and active members, attended our birthday banquet which was held at Harris’, February 12. After the ban¬ quet we had sister-night at the house, with singing and dancing, and general good-fellowship. Lately little plays have been prominent features of these nights, “take-offs” of rushing being especially favored. Nor do we hide our light under a bushel, as it were, for six Thetas took part in Storybook land, a musical comedy given for local charity. Helen Lowry was in the German play and in the Library club play, and Jane Quayle, Winifred Limerick, and Helen Hest¬ wood were asked to take part in a stunt which Panhellenic will give at the Advertising club carnival. ^ At about this time of the year, college elections come thick and fast. Helen Hestwood was elected secretary of the all-freshman

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Chapter letters 391 class. Kate Child was made president of the Young Women’s Christian association, and Margaret Mumford and Dera Dulaney are to be on the Cabinet of that organization. Almost all of us worked recently in a finance campaign of the town which was undertaken by the Young Women’s Christian association. The campaign was very successfully organized and brought in over $500. The association here has recently introduced Camp Fire work and twelve groups have been started, five of them composed of university women. One of the association’s Bible Study classes is held at the Theta house. The Reverend Hugh Black was here for a week to talk to the university students, and we entertained him at dinner one evening. The other guests were President Hill and Reverend and Mrs. Bate. The Athletic association has introduced a point system for winning a block “M” which has heretofore been given only to the men. The “M” cannot be won very easily and it will therefore be appreciated highly. Basketball games are now over and three Thetas won their points by making the teams. Panhellenic is making plans for a party to be given to non¬ sorority girls. Probably the plan used last year, that of an afternoon dance and vaudeville, will be adopted and we hope it will be as successful now as it was then. The days are simply flying by and in less than no time the summer vacation will be here — and convention. Several of us are planning to go and we hope to have a number of representatives of Alpha Mu at Gearhart. We send our best wishes to every other chapter and hope the members will all have a very happy summer, both at con¬ vention and elsewhere. 27 March 1915 Helena Wilbur ’o8 Born, to Mr and Mrs J. G. Welsch (Nell Farley) a son. ’i6-ex Ruth Hoge and Lee Brookshire were married Feb. 9. ’17-ex The engagement of Constance Limerick to Maurice Wolfers, K has been announced. Olive Koken, Rosalie Dulaney, Pearle Pinkel and Ethel Sennott returned for the birthday banquet. Mrs Lowry and Miss Child visited us for several days. ALPHA NU — UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA Alpha Nu’s long rushing season ended very satisfactorily, and we are glad to introduce the girls whom we initiated into our fraternity on March 20: Helen McCarthy of Missoula, Margaret Garvin of Butte, Theodosia and Agnes Sherburne of Browning, and Beth Barrows and Bernice Perkins of Billings. We also initiated Mrs. Halm who belonged to the local chapter which later became Theta at Pullman, Washington. The initiation service was followed by a banquet, where we sang and were entertained with toasts by various members, new and old.

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392 Kappa Alpha Theta Spring fever has reached Missoifla. The sunshiny campus is much more inviting than the monotonous classroom, while the hills and favorite ^‘hiking” places are even more inviting than the campus. Picnics are being planned, and all sorts of other pleasure excursions. Alpha Nu’s plans, however, are centering chiefly upon a Theta Inn party. Last spring our final rushing party, a dinner-dance at the Bitter Root inn, twenty-five miles up the valley, proved so enjoyable to all, that we are planning to continue it as an annual Theta custom. And now, we want to extend a most hearty welcome to all our Theta sisters who are coming to convention. We want to assure the ones from the East, who will be coming through this state, that we have many wonderful sights to show you here, before you reach the coast. But when you reach the convention itself, we hope you will all have an exceedingly enjoyable as well as profitable time. Beatrice C. Tabor ’13-ex Catherine White was a guest at the chapter house the week before Easter and from there went to spend Easter in Butte with Isabel Gilbert, ’17-ex Ethel Stubblefield left college on account of her health and is visiting her sister in Wallace, Idaho. ALPHA XI — UNIVERSITY OF OREGON Alpha Xi fared rather poorly when the scholarship standings were finally announced. But this adversity has aroused in each one of us a new determination to work harder during the spring term and to be found again in our rightful position near the top. With the appropriation of the last state legislature a new lease of life is given the university. The departments of architecture and Fine arts will be more firmly established and other departments enlarged. The fine new Administration building is nearing completion, and the model theater which it contains will be used to present the senior play. On February 27 our Eugene alumnae entertained us with a most delightful party at the home of Mary De Bar. The afternoon was spent in sewing and Auction bridge. Later we progressed to the home of Mrs. Winnifred Cockerline Barker where a lovely dinner was served, after which we danced and sang Theta songs. We wish to introduce a new pledge, Helene De Lano of San Diego. She attended the University of California last semester until her family moved to Eugene. In her we feel that we have a strong and lovely girl. Panhellenic committee has been working on rushing rules for next year, but as yet they have not been completely formulated. Our Albany Thetas have presented us with two lovely tapestry chairs, which add a great deal to our drawing room making it very attractive and home-like.

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Chapter letters 393 As convention time draws near w’e find ourselves becoming more and more eager for the coming of June 27. No stone is to be left unturned in making preparations for the best and most enjoyable Theta convention ever held. All of us are planning to be there and we look forward to meeting you all and to the good times we shall have at Gearhart-by-the-Sea. 27 March 1915 Marjorie Williams ’i2 Mildred Bagley has announced her engagement to David Graham, K 2. Hortence Williams, Alpha Sigma, visited us during the week of initiation. ’13 Mildred Waite visited the chapter house Feb. 12. ^ ’18-ex Alice Bingham left college this semester on account of her mother’s ill health. ’14 Bess Cowden visited us the week-end of March 20. ’14-ex Lila Sengstake spent a week of February in Eugene. ’15-ex Mildred Healy Obertauffer was here for initiation. ’14 Eleanor McClaine, Fielda MdClaine and Frances Adams have returned from their trip to Honolulu and the Exposition. ’15-ex Elsie Bain visited us in February. Ella Dobie Hathaway visited us during initiaton prior to leaving for Nebraska where she will make her home. ’17-ex Isabella Garland spent a week in February in Eugene. Willeta Wright also came to Eugene for initiation. Lora Jane Taylor stopped to visit us in February. ’15-ex Edythe Rodgers left college this semester and expects to take her degree from Goucher next year. Forty-six Thetas, alumnae and active, attended our initiation banquet at the Osborne Hotel, Feb. 12. ALPHA OMICRON - UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA Initiation, the big event of our fraternity year, directly followed our last letter. On the afternoon of Friday, February 19, we held formal open house in honor of the initiates and visiting alumna;. That same evening, the pledges put on an original stunt, for the entertainment of the active chapter and visiting Thetas. It was The black cat with apologies to Maeterlinck. It was staged in our attic “The Attique Play House.” At eight o’clock sharp, the audi¬ ence was summoned and at the turn in the narrow attic stairs, pro¬ grammes, black and gold, were presented for its perusal. It was a howling success from start to finish and ended with lusty cheers for the freshmen^ — echoed by nine rahs for “Old Girls.” Initiation services began at 6:30 o’clock, Saturday, February 20, and was followed by a banquet. Those initiated were ; Margaret Archdeacon, Corinne Breeding, Gladys Brennan, Margaret Gibbons, Jo Rag¬ land, Margaret Madden (Mrs. J. W.), Glowrene Gentry, Alma Hodges and Ruth Willieims. An unusual number of out-of-town alumnae were with us for initiation. Margaret Archdeacon, daughter of Margaret Webb Arch¬ deacon (Mrs. F. M.), Alpha, is the first Theta daughter of Alpha Omicron.

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394 Kappa Alpha Theta The February Panhellenic meeting lasted until almost seven o’clock and we were all anxiously waiting for our Panhellenic mem¬ bers to come home and tell us the fate of the scholarship cup. A general stampede followed their excited cries of “We won it.” Our joy was unsurpassable. Now it is in our proud possession once more. We have been unfortunate this year in losing five girls. Violet McDougal left this semester to attend the University of Missouri. Freda Reed is leaving soon for California. Elaine Buxton was married March 17. Jo Ragland is teaching in the high school at Keota, Oklahoma. And Kathleen Le Bus is at her home in Tulsa. The Thetas and Betas were all invited to Elaine’s wedding. Our . entire chapter attended. Our university is growing rapidly. In addition to its regular ap¬ propriation, the last legislature gave us $100,000 for a new Science building, which is badly needed. The South Methodist church is now making arrangements for a new dormitory with accommodations for forty girls. The Women’s Press club has just received a charter to Theta Sigma Phi, the honorary journalistic fraternity for women. Among the nine members of the petitioning group are Helen Brooks, Freda Reed, Violet McDougal and Grace Williams. Louisa Brooke is one of the honorary members, as is also Lucia Loomis Ferguson (Mrs. Walter), who was one of the Eta Beta Pis. Grace Williams and Louisa Brooke are of the Grub street club, which has recently been organized among the writers of the university. Alpha Omicron is much interested in Convention. Ethel Maude Smith is our delegate and several other girls are planning to go. We are hoping for a good representation when the Theta special gets to Gearheart-by-the-Sea. 1 April 1915 Harriet Patrick Born, to Mr and Mrs Phil C. Kidd (Ina Johnson) March 29, a daughter, Mary Lelia. Address : Norman, Okla. Callie Goodrich Coats (Mrs Earl S.) is now living in Oklahoma City. Olive Eagleton has resigned her school at Seminole, and is now at her home in Norman. Carrie Brydia was married to W. B. Haney, jr. Mar. 3. Address: Ada, Okla. Elaine Buxton was married to Manning S. Moore, B 0 II, Mar. 17. They are living in Ft. Worth, Tex. Born, to Mr and Mrs Benton Moyer (Lottie Boyle) a son. Address: San Benito, Tex. Ethel Maude Smith is the newly elected vice-president of the Y. W. C. A. Margaret Gibbons and Corinne Breeding are also on the Cabinet. The latter attended the state Y. W. C. A. Convention at Stillwater recently. The following were with us for initiation: Mrs F. M. Archdeacon (Mar¬ garet Webb) Alpha; Mrs Myron Chambers (Angeline Snapp) Alpha; Mrs

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Chapter letters 395 Phillip Pierce (Stella Thompkins) Alpha Theta; Mrs E. K. Gaylord (Inez Kinney) Epsilon, all of Oklahoma City; Eleanor Blakey, Kappa, of Guthrie; Gwen Rudy, Alpha, of Okmulgee. Alpha Omicron alumnae were : Margery Paxton Larimore (Mrs W. King), Adelaide Loomis Parker (Mrs G. B.), Gallic Goodrich Coats (Mrs E. S.), all of Oklahoma City; Agnes Lindsey Wantland (Mrs C. W.) of Edmond; Mary Virgin of Walters; Louise Hatchett of El Reno, Freda Reed and Elaine Buxton of Oklahoma City, and Pearl Goodrich Porter (Mrs E. S.), Nell Goodrich De Golyer (Mrs E. L.), Nina Bessent Owen (Mrs B. G.), May Melvin Brown (Mrs H. S.), Merle Newby Buttram (Mrs Frank), Olive Eagleton, Helen Brooks and Marian Brooks, all of Norman. Miss Louisa Brooke, daughter of Bishop and Mrs Francis Key Brooke who is living temporarily in New York City, has just had published in the Vogu^ of March 15 a four-line verse. Miss Brooke’s admiring friends who follow her writings will be interested in this little poem of hers which she calls “Unrest.” It reads : “I love the scent of potpourri in jars, I love dried lavender in bureau drawers ; But when spring-beauties blow in tender grass. My heart grows strange and restless as I pass.” ALPHA PI- — UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA The University celebrated its thirty-second anniversary from February 19 to 22. We enjoyed the time especially because six of our alumnae were here. A feature of the Founders’-day festivities was the Alumni minstrel show, at which we were proud of our pledge, Elaine Baldwin, who took part in a graceful scarf -dance. On Febru¬ ary 16 we were sorry to lose Vaughan Miller, who, having com¬ pleted her course, has gone to her home in LaMoure expecting to return in June for her B.A. We had a farewell supper for her on the fifteenth. Saturday, March 6, was a gala-day for us. Lola Peterson, a Chi Omega from the University of Illinois, and her mother gave a de¬ lightful luncheon at the Hotel Frederick. Later we held initiation for Bernice Budge at the home of Jessie Grassick and ended the day with the Initiation banquet. On March 20 the Girls’ glee club gave a successful concert ; the club is planning to take a short trip after the Easter vacation. On March 21 we met at Gertrude Healy’s to sing, and on the twenty-third we had a banquet for our patronesses. Dr. A. H. Taylor of the Physics department has been elected a regular member of the Institute of Radio Engineers. Dean E. J. Babcock of the School of Mines has gone to the Panama- Pacific Exposition with a large exhibit of beautiful pottery from the Ceramics department and also an exhibit of briquettes and oils to show the resources of the state. North Dakota won a debate from the University of Manitoba but lost to the University of Montana.

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396 Kappa Alpha Theta Alice Kolars is to have a part in the Seek and Buskin society’s annual play, the DeviVs disciple, by Bernard Shaw. We expect to have eight Alpha Pi girls at Convention ; our delegate is Ruth Soule. May every Theta have a lovely summer, whether going to Convention or not. 24 March 1915 Winifred Nelson ’98 Marcia Bisbee is librarian at the new Exposition Park Museum in Los Angeles, Cal. Her address is 954 El Molino st. The following girls were here for Founders’ -day. ’13 Gretchen Oeschger, Gertrude Cunningham, and Jessie Budge, ’14 Olga Serumgard, ’14-ex Pauline Serumgard, and ’15-ex Alice Lowe. ’08 Mary Belle Flemington has been appointed to the State board of certificates by Governor Hanna. ’10 Echo Turner visited ’12 Pearl Monroe McBride (Mrs E. H.) at Casselton in February. - , ’13-ex Blanche Daly, Upsilon, visited the chapter on March 10. She is now teaching in Two Harbors, Minn. ’14 Vera Kelsey, who is doing graduate work at Brown university, plans to spend her Easter vacation with Amy Gronna in Washington, D. C. The following girls plan to attend Convention : ’09 M. Beatrice Olson, Ellendale, ’09 Selma Hassell, Grand Forks, ’12 Donna Forkner, Glen Ullen, ’13 Margaret Fawcett, Moscow, Idaho; ’14 Helen Barnes, ’15 Ethel Renwick, ’16 Ruth Soule, ’17 Grace Loughin. Mr Raymond Robbins of Chicago and Mrs Emma Byers of Minneapolis spent a week at the University in February, conducting an inspiring Social service campaign. Mrs Byers had supper with us one evening. We are enjoying the study programs at our meetings. Next time we arc to have a spell-down on the Chapter roll between the upper and lower-class girls. The losers must entertain the winners. ’17 Winifred Nelson has been elected delegate to local Panhellenic to succeed ’15 Hazel Ladd. ALPHA RHO — UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA On January 31, Edna Fitzgerald was pledged to Alpha Rho. On February 2, we held the initiation of Lucy Fargo, Mary Rich¬ mond, Phyllis Newmyer, Fern Wassem, Eugenia Landmann, Jennie Nicholson, Clara Olsten and Dorothy Chaney. We are glad to welcome them as Theta sisters. On February 12, Alpha Rho entertained the patronesses and mothers. On February 19, we had open house to the Faculty. Laura Lotze, Helen Beede and Genevieve Kelley have leading parts in the Alethian play, which will be given Monday evening, March 29. We have chosen Leila Gumming to go as our delegate to the Theta convention. 28 March 1915 Genevieue Kelley

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Chapter letters 397 ALPHA SIGMA-^WASHINGTON STATE COLLEGE We have read the March Journal with keenest interest and are all enthusiasm over the wonders of Convention. We enjoy your letters each month but to meet you personally at Gearhart and to plan with you great things for Theta will be an experience most wonderful for us. We are nearing our mid-semester examinations and are hoping for the best in them. Finals for last semester brought us first on the list of fraternities and all groups in scholarship. We hope to keep that place as well as to raise our percentage. We have given up our plans for a formal this year, but are having an informal which we hope to make as enjoyable. It is to be a garden party in the big gymnasium. Evergreens and ferns, along with potted plants and trees, are to make the gymnasium garden¬ like. Programs are to be done in water color and committees are busy planning things unique and pretty at small expense. Our money this year is going towards Convention. Our officers for next year have been elected. In this way we hope to gain greater efficiency in our work and to bring our officers into the strenuous weeks of rushing in September so well equipped and so accustomed to their duties that there will be nojDreak in our execu¬ tive system. Iras Troy will be our Convention delegate and Etta Losee will be president next year. Last, but not least, we have four new pledges, Dorothy Otto of Everett; Lois Gilbert of North Yakima; Geneva Massie and Edna McKinstry of Seattle. There are nineteen of us living at the chapter house this semester. Highly interesting things happen every day. These, however, are more easily told than written, so we’ll just bide our time and save the rest — to tell you at Convention. May we see many, many of you there. Dora Sumarlidason ’ll Orpha Huxtable Preissner was a guest at the chapter house during the week of the Installation of Washington Beta chapter of Sigma Alpha Epsilon. Mr Preissner is a charter member of the local chapter. ’14 Miss Margaret Brislawn took dinner at the house March 13. ’17-ex Olive Turner was visiting at the chapter house during the week of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon Installation. ’16-ex Katherine Lewis is attending Cheney normal school at Cheney, Wash. ’16-ex Gertrude Thompson is teaching the primary grade in the Snohomish public school. ’17-ex Grace Pritchard is teaching on the Indian reservation at Sorrento, Idaho. ’17-ex Ethel Thompson is attending the State normal school at Bellingham, Wash. Miss Margaret Fawcett, Alpha Pi, was a visitor at the house on March 13. Helen Marr is living at the house now.

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398 Kappa Alpha Theta The following girls received distinction for their first semester work : Anna Waller, Ella Alexander, Olive Turner, and Dora Sumarlidason. Laila Egge and Grace Baker took lunch with Margaret Fawcett in Moscow on Saturday last. Inez Williams spent the week-end with Margaret Fawcett in Moscow. The engagements of Juanita Strong to Rusell Turner, S $ E, and Kathleen Dawson to Myron Foster, A T D, have been announced. ALPHA TAU - UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Howdy Thetas! How are you all? It sure is a relief to have Mid-terms over and done for, though sad to relate, Alpha Tau didn’t do as well as she might. The ranking was, Kappa Delta, Tri-Delta, Kappa Alpha Theta, Kappa Kappa Gamma, Chi Omega. But we are pulling hard for first place next time so don’t be surprised if we walk off with the Panhellenic Scholarship cup and are given a ban¬ quet to boot. That is what Kappa Delta gets this year. But speaking of pleasanter things, there are our ten new girh, three sophomores and seven freshmen. Alpha Tau didn’t take any but first place pledge day, February 13. As one Alpha Tau says, “There’s nothing like the Thetas, girls, there just simply isn’t.” That’s the way we feel about our new members. They have all distinctive personalities and are good students and added to that we are certain they have the finest type of college and fraternity spirit. One of the best times we’ve had this year was when the Vander¬ bilt basketball team came to play our Cincinnati girls. There were three Thetas and three Tri-Deltas on the visiting team and Miss Stella Vaughn, their coach, also a Theta. They arrived Sunday, February 21, and Sunday afternoon saw the home of Mary and Anna Cellarius swarming with Alpha Taus bent on becoming acquainted with the visiting Thetas. The afternoon was surely a pleasant one. Monday was a holiday which the Delta Tau Deltas and Pi Kappa Alphas celebrated with open houses, which, though not strictly in accordance with athletic training, proved pleasant entertainment for our southern visitors. After the receptions the two teams and Tri- Deltas and Thetas had a picnic supper together at the gymnasium and stayed for the game. The Vanderbilt team won, but the two of our girls that are on the Cincinnati team said they didn’t half mind losing to such good players and to such fair playing. As we all wanted a share in the Scholarship fund we determined, that one and all should earn a dollar to donate. The ways have been devious and ingenious but results are beginning to show and by June the sum should be twenty-seven dollars.

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Chapter letters 399 We are counting on a visit from our Grand vice-president, if Miss Davis can spare us the time during her Easter vacation. 1 April 1915 Saradelle Emerson ’o6 Miss Stella Vaughn, Alpha Eta, was the guest of Mrs Henry Finch (Helen Parker, Omega). Henrietta Sperry and Ellen Duffy, Alpha Eta, were the guests of Mary and Anna Cellarius. Evelyn Norton, Alpha Eta, was the guest of June Bancroft. Mary Cellarius was the guest of Majorie and Bernice Hall, at Butler, for the Theta dance. . . . Delta Tau Delta entertained February 22, in honor of Alpha Tau’s visiting Thetas from Vanderbilt. ’12 Bertha Ballard, Eta, was the guest of Lucy Pfleger, ’ii. ’14 Roberta Whallon has announced her engagement to William Caudill, s n. .... Dorothy Mateer and Ag^es Scott, Epsilon, made the trip to Cincinnati university with the Wooster glee club. ALPHA UPSILON— WASHBURN COLLEGE As soon as the fearful mid-year finals were over, our one desire was to initiate our freshmen; so on February 20, seven pledges were taken into Theta; seven splendid girls — and we’re proud of every one of them. A large majority of our chapter members are girls who live in town so we have found that it is difficult for us all to get together except on meeting nights. Feeling the need of a closer union, we decided to have monthly spreads at the house. These have been very successful, all of . the girls declaring that they have had “loads of fun” — even the social committee. (To pass the social committee’s approval, you know, is the “acid test.”) We feel justly proud of one of our seniors, Helen Guild, who had the lead in the Washburn Dramatic club’s spring play — The Stub¬ bornness of Geraldine , by Clyde Fitch. Theta was well represented, there being four Thetas, beside Helen, in the cast. Margaret Tillotson, one of our seniors, was elected to Tau Delta Pi this spring. Tau Delta Pi is a local honorary fraternity cor¬ responding to Phi Beta Kappa. The standards for membership are tne same as those of Phi Beta Kappa and we hope that it will soon be admitted into the national organization. Frances Perry has recently been elected president of the Washburn Young Women’s Christian association. We are planning great things for our spring formal which is to be April 23. Our meetings are full of discussions as to favors, decorations and refreshments while the harrassed social committee chairman grows thin and wan, but still vows that she will make it a success even if she “dies in the attempt.”

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400 Kappa Alpha Theta Washburn college is planning a glorious time in celebration of her fiftieth birthday. Five days, from June 5-10, will be full of festivities. The various college departments will be represented in pageants ; addresses will be made by prominent men from other colleges and universities; the Dramatic Club will present A 7nid- summer nighf s dream and many other enjoyable things have been planned to make this a truly worth while anniversary. And now we are living in the thrilling expectation of Theta Con¬ vention. Those of us who are not going, as well as those of us who ^ are, are thinking of Gearhart-by-the-Sea and wishing all Thetas a jolly good time there. 27 March 1915 Violet CrumbUie ’o8 Vera Best, who is making a tour as soloist with an orchestra under the direction of the Midland lyceum bureau, was in Topeka recently. ’lO Marguerite Mills Me Pherson (Mrs William) was initiated into Kappa Alpha Theta on Jan. 2i. ^ii-ex Frances Brown, who graduated from Smith in 1912, is traveling in Japan with her mother. ’12 Rebecca Welty is teaching in the. Odd Fellows Home at Eureka Lake, I Kansas. ’14 The engagement of Juliet Pettijohn to Jesse Denius, K S, of Dodge City, Kan. has been announced. ALPHA PHI — NEWCOMB COLLEGE About the time this letter reaches you we will be celebrating the close of our first year in Theta. Has it been a successful year? We feel that it has, but I wonder if our letters have given you a similar opinion. If 'our success is to be judged by the part we take in college activities I have more to add to that which you have already heard. At the time I write, our basketball season has just ended, glori¬ ously for the seniors who won the interclass championship, and for the arts who won the interdepartment championship, while the varsity- alumnae game on March 20, with a score of 50-37, established the supremacy of ’varsity. The alumnae claim that “though old, they are agile” and have agreed to play varsity again, this time at base¬ ball. Here too, we hope for a victory. The date of the game has not been set nor has the team been chosen, but we feel sure that Miriam Thompson will be on it, for she has made a record for her¬ self as pitcher on the dormitory team. For the second year we are to have a field-day on April 17, which will include class gymnastic work as well as individual athletic stunts. For the class work, sixteen girls are chosen from each class — our four seniors are among them. This is also our second year of intercollegiate debating which we find very interesting, even though we were defeated last year. Adele Drouet is a principal and Hathaway Gibbens an alternate on the

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Chapter letters 401 team which will debate at Agnes Scott college on April 24. On March 20 Newcomb defeated Tulane in debating. As this was the first debate of its kind in the university it caused much enthusiasm. Hathaway Gibbens was on the winning team. Now a word about ourselves. As we have no fraternity house and have very varied courses, we felt we were not seeing enough of one another so have instituted Sunday afternoon informals at the homes of different girls. Many of these have been very clever parties and are teaching us to appreciate one another more than ever before. Besides our Founders’ -day celebration we have had a Valentine party, a St. Patrick’s party, and our delegate, Adele Drouet, has given us an ingenious trip to Convention. Many of us are planning for the real trip to Convention and all of us hope to get there. But in this mercenary world of ours all our actions must depend upon money, which the war makes very scarce in this part of the country. If then, we cannot be at Gearhart in person, our good wishes at least will be with you. 29 March 1915 Hathaivay Gibbens »I2 Ethel Friedrichs is teaching domestic science in the public schools. ’14 Mildred Snyder will not return to New Orleans until next winter or next spring. 1 j j »I5 Louise Berrey and Hathaway Gibbens were elected to Cap and Oown, a senior honorary society recently organized. Personals Too late to classify Mary Gale, Upsilon, elected to Phi Beta Kappa. Alpha Omicron chapter awarded the Oklahoma Panhellenic scholarship cup with an average of 53.56 points. Pi Beta Phi, 53.28 points. Delta Delta Delta, 52.26 points. Kappa Kappa Gamma, 5i-7i points. With sorrow Omega announces the death of Isabel McCracken ’17 on April 15. Helen Bennett, Iota, elected to Phi Beta Kappa. Born to Rev and Mrs Wm. B. Byers (Rebecca S. Watson, Alpha Epsilon) of Hyden, Ky. a daughter, Charlotte Lila, Apr. 5* Iota, 1896. A few days after the death of her mother, Mrs. Agnes White, in California, Mrs Philetus H. Holt (Agnes Louise White) died April 18 from pneumonia, after an illness of about ten days. She was the daughter of John and Agnes White and moved to 71 Oak Ridge ave. Summit, N. J., from New York about fourteen years ago. Mrs Holt was charitably disposed and gave large sums to the needy. She was an attendant at Calvary Episcopal church and also of the Episcopal church at Short Hills. Mrs Holt leaves a husband, four children, the eldest about fifteen years, and a brother. Lieutenant Sherman White, U. S. A., who is stationed in California.

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402 Kappa Alpha Theta IN MEMORIAM Lela Duke^ Gamma Those of our chapter who remember the day Lela Duke was initiated can never forget her radiant happiness, a happiness that colored her vividly and made her glow with the lovely enthusiasm that was her gift wherever she went. Last June when she was married she was so sweetly generous with the gladness she felt that we all seemed to share it with her. And now when the greatest joy of all was fairly within her grasp, the joy of motherhood, we cannot understand why she must be taken away from all that her heart held dearest. But as our love for her is sweet and strong and inspired with her radiance that was a part of her, so our sorrow for her is tender and deep to the depths where there are no words. Gamma Katherine Morse March^ Upsilon Whereas, our beloved Sister, Katherine Morse March, whose inter¬ ests have been so closely allied with all of us, has been taken away after a long illness; and Whereas, within her fraternity activities she was prominent; Be it resolved that the Upsilon Chapter of Kappa Alpha Theta express to you her keen sense of personal and chapter loss and extend to you and yours her deepest sympathy. • May Russell Stevenson, Lambda In the month of February Kappa Alpha Theta lost a beloved alumna of Lambda chapter, May Russell Stevenson, class of ’99. We of Lambda who knew and loved her, desire to record our gratitude for the message of her life and our recognition of its strength and beauty. We give thanks to our Father, through our Lord Jesus Christ, for the example of her perseverance, her independence, her faith, her courage and complete serenity. In her early school days May Russell was everywhere recognised for her forceful character. As an undergraduate she was admired by faculty and students. Her presence in the college chapter life was a joy to all. Constantly she grew in power for service. During ten years of teaching in Vermont and Massachusetts high schools she won an enviable reputation. In 1910 she married Mr. W. F. Steven¬ son and their home at New Rochelle, New York, has been hospitably open to old friends and new. From such a life a summons comes to us in the midst of our mourning. It is a call to release more largely our own latent energies and to dedicate them as highly as she did.

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THETA SERVICE BOARD The Service Board announces the following alumnae advisors ready to assist Thetas who desire to enter the professions suggested below. It is intended to add to this list as rapidly as possible, so that any Theta choosing a kind of work, may have, if she needs it, advice from older and successful Thetas in her own line of activity. For this service, apply, enclosing registration fee of 25 cents, to Miss Helen Reed, 2343 Meridian street, Indianapolis, Ind. Social Service — Miss Edna Henry. Newspaper work — Mrs. Albert Rabb (Kate Milner Rabb). Theatrical profession — Miss Mary Ward Holton. Secretary work — Mrs. Eleanor Karsten. Profession of law — Mrs. Geo. Whitcomb (Jessie Wright Whit¬ comb. ) Manuscript criticism — Dramas and plays — Miss Abbie Findlay Potts. Fiction — Mrs. George Fitch. Essays and Articles — Miss Catherine Comfort. The Service Board announces also two courses for the home¬ making Theta for which the fee is 10 cents, application to be made to the Service Board secretary. Miss Helen Reed, 2343 Meridian street, Indianapolis, Ind. Nature Study for Children — Mrs. P. L. Windsor. Domestic Science — Mrs. Gertrude Simons Beardsley. Miss Lera Avison, Artesian, South Dakota, is chairman of the Committee on Foreign Lands which is getting in touch with the Thetas scattered over the world, in order to make it possible to help travellers and our fledgling missionaries. If you have the address of any Theta on foreign soil please send it to Miss Avison. The Bureau membership is open to all Thetas who are not mem¬ bers of an active chapter. The cost is 25 cents a year, for which you receive the Bi-monthly Bulletin of the Fraternity and such reports as the Service Bureau may issue. Here is an opportunity to keep in touch with the Fraternity at small cost, and at the same time to make it possible to help other Thetas all over the country. “I have discovered a cure, or rather an answer, for the ‘alumna- who-cannot-keep-in-touch.^ Read the Journal, particularly every single chapter letter.**

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DIRECTORY KAPPA ALPHA THETA Founded at Asbury (now De Pauw) university, January 27, 1870. Founders: Bettie Locke (Mrs. E. A. Hamilton) Alice Allen (Mrs. T. J. Brant)* Bettie Tipton (Mrs J. H. Lindsey)* Hannah Fitch (Mrs. A. Shaw). GRAND COUNCIL Grand President-^Rv'in Haynes Carpenter (Mrs. L. F.) 828 University ave. S. E. Minneapolis, Minn. Grand vice-president — Hope Davis, 2051 N. Delaware st. Indianapolis, Ind. Grand secretary — L. Pearle Green, 15 East ave. Ithaca, N. Y. Grand Martha Cline Huffman (Mrs. Y. B.) Merna, Neb. Editor — L. Pearle Green, 15 East ave. Ithaca, N. Y. COMMITTEES Service board— Chairmsin, Mrs. Geo. Fitch, 2406 Main st. Peoria, Ill. Secretary — Helen Reed, 2343 Meridian st. Indianapolis, Ind. Scholarship fund — Chairman, Ada Heineman, 500 Maylin st. Pasadena, Calif. Corresponding secretary — Jane Spalding, 134 N. Gates st. Los Angeles, Calif. Financial secretary— Ray Hanna, 334 W. 23d st. Los Angeles, Calif. Archives — Mrs. E. P. Cubberly, Stanford university, Calif. NATIONAL PANHELLENIC CONGRESS Delegate for Kappa Alpha Theta— P. Green, 15 East ave. Ithaca, N. Y. Chairman — Mrs. E. N. Parmelee, Delta Delta Delta, 7318 N. Ashland Blvd. Chicago, Ill. COLLEGE CHAPTERS DISTRICT ONE District president — Sarah E. Cotton, 5440 University ave. Indianapolis, Ind. Alpha — 1870 De Pauw university — ^Charlotte Wheeler, Theta house. Green- castle, Ind. Beta — 1870 Indiana state university — Luella Smith, Theta house, Bloom¬ ington, Ind. Gamma — 1874 Butler college — Katherine Riley, 56 Whittier PI. Irvington, Indianapolis, Ind. Alpha Eta — 1904 Vanderbilt university — Elizabeth Brookes, R. R. 9 Nash¬ ville, Tenn. DISTRICT TWO District president — Eva R. Hall, 327 W. Sycamore st. Sycamore, Ill. Delta — 1875 University of Illinois — Helen K. Whipple, 901 S. Wright st. Champlain, Ill. Tau — 1887 Northwestern university — Freda Sidell, 630 University pi. Evan¬ ston, Ill. Upsilon — 1889 University of Minnesota — Margaret S. Sanborn, 2716 Irving ave. S. Minneapolis, Minn. Psi — 1890 University of Wisconsin — Marion Conover, 435 N. Paterson st. Madison, Wis. Alpha Pi — 1911 University of North Dakota — Clara N. Flemington, Box 1118, University, N. D.

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DISTRICT THREE District president — Jessamine DeHaven, 719 School st. Coraopolis, Pa. Eta — 1879 University of Michigan — Beatrice Lambrecht, 718 S. Ingalls st. Ann Arbor, Mich. Mu — 1881 Allegheny college — Marion R. Miller, Hulings hall, Meadville, Pa. Alpha Gamma — 1892 Ohio State university — Mary Frame, 149 W. loth ave. Columbus, Ohio. Alpha Tau — 1913 University of Cincinnati — Helen Logan, 3027 Wardell ave. Westwood, Cincinnati, Ohio. DISTRICT FOUR District president — Mabel Millman Hincks (Mrs. C. M.) 735 Bloor st. West, Toronto, Ontario, Can. Iota — 1881 Cornell university — Anna Woodward, Prudence Risley hall, Ithaca N. Y. Lambda — 1881 University of Vermont — Mabel N. Watts, 41 1 Main st. Bur¬ lington, Vt. Sigma — 1887 Toronto university — Elspeth Middleton, 53 Neville Park Blvd. Toronto, Ontario, Can. Chi— 1889 Syracuse university — Annie M. Kemp, 306 Walnut place, Syracuse, N. Y. DISTRICT FIVE District president — Hazel Allison Forde (Mrs. E. M.) 1413 Rural st. Em¬ poria, Kan. Kappa — 1881 University of Kansas — Barbara Abel, 1116 Indiana st. Lawrence, Kans. Rho — 1887 University of Nebraska — Lulu Mae Coe, 423 N. 13th st. Lincoln, Nebr. Alpha Iota — 1906 Washington university — Maria Bain, McMillan hall, Washington university, St. Louis, Mo. Alpha Mu — 1909 University of Missouri — Winifred Limerick, 906 University ave. Columbus, Mo. Alpha Rho— 1912 University of South Dakota — Verna Gold, Vermilion, S. D. Alpha Upsilon — 1914 Washburn college — Frances L. Perry, 619 Taylor st, Topeka, Kans. DISTRICT SIX District president — Grace Lavayea, 1728 South Kingsley Drive, Los Angeles, Calif. Phi — 1889 Stanford university — Bernice Thompkins, Stanford university. Cal. Omega — 1890 University of California — Marion Fitzhugh, 2723 Durant ave. Berkeley, Calif. DISTRICT SEVEN District president — Ruth Haslup, 2517 N. Calvert st. Baltimore, Md. Alpha Beta — 1891 Swarthmore college — Anna Lippincott Miller, Swarthmore college, Swarthmore, Pa. Alpha Delta — 1896 Goucher college — Grace B. Haymaker, Goucher college, Baltimore, Md. Alpha Zeta — 1898 Barnard college — Edith L. Fischer, 229 W. 97th st. New York, N. Y. Alpha Kappa — 1907 Adelphi college — Marie Rade, 70 Morningside Drive, New York, N. Y.

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DISTRICT EIGHT District president — Blanche Higginbotham, 44 The Rossonian, Houston, Tex. Alpha Theta — 1904 University of Texas — Lois Fitz-Hugh Foster, Univer¬ sity station, Austin, Tex. Alpha Omicron — 1909 University of Oklahoma — Ethel Maude Smith, Theta house, Norman, Okla. Alpha Phi — 1914 Newcomb college — Gladys Gibbens, 1525 8th st. New Orleans, La. DISTRICT NINE District president — Norma Hendricks, 764 Lawrence st. Eugene, Ore. Alpha Lambda — 1908 University of Washington — Sigrid M. Hall, 4710 17th ave. N. E. Seattle, Wash. Alpha Nu — 1909 Montana state university — Isabel Gilbert, 206 S. 5th st. E. Missoula, Mont. Alpha Xi — 1909 Oregon state university — Katharine Watson, 650 E. nth st. Eugene, Ore. Alpha Sigma — 1913 Washington state college — Frances Wilmer, 500 California st. Pullman, Wash. ALUMNiE CHAPTERS Baltimore 1910 — M. Louise Pennington, Catonsville, Md. Boston 1915 — Mrs. Melville Eastham, 2 Prescott st. Cambridge, Mass. Burlington 1898 — Jeanette M. Sparrow, 239 Maple st. Burlington, Vt. Chicago 1896— Jessie Farr, 1806 Wesley ave. Evanston, Ill. Cincinnati 1913 — Ruth Hyndman, 324 Mills st. Wyoming, Cincinnati, Ohio. Cleveland 1903 — Mrs. W. L. Chandler, 1007S Republic Ct. Cleveland, Ohio. Columbus 1897 — Emma Blesch, 198 S. 3d st. Columbus, Ohio. Detroit 1913 — Mrs. Maud Perine, 95 Farnsworth ave. Detroit, Mich. Evanston 1910— Mrs. E. G. Fox, 2509 Pioneer Rd. Evanston, Ill. Indianapolis 1897 — Edistina Hendrix, 2456 N. New Jersey st. Indianapolis, Ind. Kansas City 1903 — Mrs. Donald L. Wheelock, 3911 Oak st. Kansas City, Mo. Lincoln 1909— Katharine Cline, 1955 A. st. Lincoln, Nebr. Los Angeles 1901 — Lilian Van Dyke, 222 W. Adams st. Los Angeles, Calif. Madison 1912 — Helen L. Gilman, 115 Langdon st. Madison, Wis. New York 1895 — Mrs. H. W. Wilson, 34 Court st. White Plains, N. Y. Omaha 1910 — Mrs. Robert Gantt, 3507 Dewey ave. Omaha, Nebr. Philadelphia 1898 — Mrs. F. W. D’Olier, 50 E. Oak ave. Moorestbwn, N. J. Pittsburgh 1902 — Grace Miller, 318 W. North ave. Pittsburgh, Pa. Portland 1911 — Mrs. W. B. Bonekemper, Fordham apts. no. 35, Portland, Ore. Providence 1912 — Ethel G. Westcott, 303 Massachusetts ave. Providence, R. I. Pullman 1914 — Marjorie Johnson, Pullman, Wash. St. Louis i909«— Elizabeth Phillips, 6248 Waterman ave. St. Louis, Mo. San Francisco 1909 — Pauline Pierson, 1727 Vallejo st. San Francisco, Calif. Seattle 1908 — Mrs. L. J. Knapp, 5014 15th ave. N. E. Seattle, Wash. Syracuse 1903 — Mrs. G. H. Stark, 815 Maryland ave. Syracuse, N. Y. Topeka 1909 — Helen S. Estey, 819 Harrison st. Topeka, Kansas. Toronto 1911 — Daintry Martin, 294 Admiral Rd. Toronto, Ontario, Can. Twin Cities 1895 — Marjorie Mix, 3146 Portland ave. Minneapolis, Minn. Vermilion 1914 — Florence C. Chaney, Vermilion, S. D. Promptly notify the Editor of any change in office or address of Corresponding Secretary*

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PATRONIZE KAPPA ALPHA THETA ADVERTISERS l|oowr $c OI0. 616 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA DIAMOND MERCHANTS JEWELERS AND SILVERSMITHS Kappa Alpha Theta’s Official Fraternity Jeweler **If you want the finest pin made, and novelties of the best quality. We Make 'Em/' SPECIALISTS IN MEDALS PRIZES TROPHIES - ^ ZDO Baird’s American I Manual college fraternities I New and Seventh (1912) Edition now ready This Book is replete with information of interest to all members of College Fraternities. It contains Histories of each of the Men’s General Fraternities, the Women’s General Fraternities, the Men’s Local Fraternities, Women’s Local Fraternities, Professional Frat- V ernities. Honorary Fraternities and Miscellaneous Greek Letter Fraternities; a Directory of Colleges and Chapters, Statistical Tables of great interest, a complete Bibliography of Fraternity publications and information concerning Chapter House owner¬ ship and valuations. In short, the Seventh Fdition is a com¬ plete Cyclopedia of Fraternity Information. Contains nearly 800 pages printed matter. It is strongly bound in buckrEim and the price is $2.50 per copy, postage prepaid. Send in your orders through this publication MENTION THE JOURNAL WHEN DOING SO AMERICAN COLLEGE FRATERNITIES

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PATRONIZE KAPPA ALPHA THETA ADVERTISERS THE FACT THAT Burr, Patterson & Co. "Make Standard Designs on Qualitg Lines” Is exemplified in their KAPPA ALPHA THETA STANDARD BADGE It is a copy of the original, carefully built. When ordering, re¬ member the official order signed by secretary of your chapter; shipment cannot be made without it. Burr, Patterson & Company The Fraternitg Jewelers DETROIT MICHIGAN KAPPA ALPHA THETA PUBLICATIONS Kappa Alpha Theta: official magazine, published in November, January, March and May. One dollar per year. Life subscription, $15. Songs of Kappa Alpha Theta, igiz: 50 cents, includes postage. Orders must be prepaid. For sale by Mrs. E. R. McFadden, 6828 Lakewood ave. Chicago, Ill. Membership certificates: Address Grand treasurer, Merna, Neb. Bi-monthly bulletin of the Grand council: issued in September, December, February and April. Free to officers and chapters. To other Thetas on prepayment of postage, 15 cents a year. Address Grand secretary, 15 East ave. Ithaca, N. Y. ^ Handbook: paper, 25 cents. Address Grand secretary. MENTION THE JOURNAL WHEN DOING SO

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CHAPTER LETTERS 331 — a Commencement Oration Subject/^ And they even talk in their sleep of teacher’s agencies. Theta will be well represented in the plays which are to be given by the two women’s literary societies this spring — ''Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch,” and "The Cricket on the Hearth.” We expect to move into our new room in Kauke Hall at the opening of the spring term. Our alumnae are gen- •erously helping us furnish it; and we shall be very proud of it. Come to see us. We so rarely see our sisters from other chapters. We wish you all a most delightful’ summer and hope that all the undergraduates will be back in their places next fall and that the Seniors will not find the world so cold after all. ETA— UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN A cold, blustering wind and fast-falling snow make it hard to believe that this is my last letter to the Journal and that in little over two months we shall be scattered far and wide enjoying various summer outings. P>ut two months is time enough for many things to hap¬ pen as witness the record of Eta since our February let¬ ter. In the first place we have had a second initiation, re¬ ceiving into Theta Lucille Anna White and Bess Cantwell. The accompanying festivities were, of course, much simpler than in the fall initiation, but we had a very happy time together, first in going through our beautiful ceremony and later over our salad, sandwiches and coffee, ending up with a good sing. Then one night we had a fire, fortunately dis¬ covered and extinguished before any serious damage was done, but one of those might-have-beens which makes one shudder and gives one a true sense of thankfulness. In the excitement some funny things happened as when one of our number carried to a neighboring house in one armful all of

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332 - KAPPA ALPHA THETA her wardrobe 'which it took several trips to return the next day. When we joked her about it she replied with the ut¬ most earnestness: “Well, if you only had a few clothes and knew that if those were lost you couldn’t have any more, I guess you would have done it too.” We have taken much pleasure in beautifying our house this year and kind friends have given us a number of pretty things. Our latest gift was a mahogany davenport — something we have long been sighing for in vain — from Mr. Wells, our Cora’s father. It was a complete and over¬ whelming surprise and makes the hall one of the most at¬ tractive rooms in the house. Last Saturday occurred a new departure in athletics at Michigan, when the women of the University held an inter¬ class meet in the gymnasium. Some of the events were a thirty-yard dash, hurdle race, class relay races, running high and broad jump, spring board jump, ball throwing, and exercises on the horse, stationary rings and traveling rings. The Sophomores won, distancing the Freshmen by but one point. The affair was highly successful though no doubt some points could be improved on a second attempt. No Thetas appeared in the contests, but three of them figured among the officials. Michigan has a good showing in the Varsity meets so far, having won from Illinois and from Cornell. Our last bit of news is of a new pledge, Mabel Car¬ ver, a friend of Zella Fay’s and a charming girl. KAPPA — UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS The first of April finds Kappa’s girls scattered all over the state, spending their spring vacation at home or with friends. The chapter house seems deserted enough with only two girls who stayed in Lawrence for work. Several events of a great deal of interest to K. U. students take place toward the latter part of our school year.

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CHAPTER LETTERS 333 The first of these is the Junior Prom to be given on April 15th. This is the greatest society event of the year, and for weeks the Juniors have been busy with preparations, practicing for the farce, learning class songs and working on decorations. The first of May is another interesting time for Uni¬ versity students, for it is then that the May-pole ‘‘scrap’^ between Freshmen and Sophomores is held. A tarred iron pole bearing Freshmen colors is erected on the campus the night before. The Sophomores then try to replace these Freshmen colors by their own, the fight lasting till ten o’clock the next morning, when the great whistle of Fowler Shops warns all fighters that the scrap is over and they file into Chapel a rather haggard and dirty looking lot of boys. Toward the last of May the Seniors always present a play. This has usually been an original production written by members of the class, but this year they have decided to depart from custom and give ''As You Like It,” instead, leaving their original play to be given on the Campus on Class Day. We are all rejoicing over the liberal appropriation of our State Legislature for a new Law Building, and are hop¬ ing that in a year or two a gymnasium will also be added to our Campus. The Phi Beta Kappa election was held last month and we were very proud to have two chosen from among our number, Helen Williams, of Kansas City, Mo., and Isabelle Hazen, of Lawrence. For several years Kappa has had at least one representative among the newly elected members of this fraternity. Two weeks ago we held an initiation for Marianne Brooke, of Kansas City, Mo. An informal Katsup fol¬ lowed the initiation, the chief diversion of which was a con¬ test in composing poetry. This afforded a great deal of amusement for some of the productions were very clever. We were delighted to have with us Mrs. John Pattison, a

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334 KAPPA ALPHA THETA member of Ohio Gamma Chapter. Two of our girls graduate from the Music School this year, and will both give recitals, Inez Cross on the piano and Madge Boaz on the pipe organ. We have already be¬ gun to discuss plans for the farewell party to our Seniors. It is hard to realize that another school year is so nearly over. For Kappa it has been a very successful, harmonious year. PI — ALBION COLLEGE We have just returned to Albion after a week^s vaca¬ tion, with our even more than usual amount of enthusiasm to make this term the best one we have ever known. The winter term was spent mostly in hard study, though the Thetas did give one informal party February 13th at their lodge. The interior of the house was decorated profusely with pink hearts and Cupids, while the entrance to the alcove was made through a large heart which extended from the ceiling to the floor. Every man was given a pink cardboard heart and by means of candy mottoed hearts he secured a partner to whom he must write a valentine. These valentines were collected and read. A prize was given for the best one. Much amusement was created by the proposing which followed. The heart scheme was car¬ ried out in the refreshments, pink ice and heart-shaped wafers being served. We are to have our banquet sometime in May, and we hope to have some of our alumnae with us. Miss Ronie White, who is teaching music at West Branch, will not re¬ turn to us as we had hoped she would this Spring, but we are looking forward to a visit from our district president, and also from Miss Elizabeth Cole, Pi ’02, who has been studying this year in Berlin. We are planning to entertain some of the town and faculty ladies who have been so kind to us during the year

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CHAPTER LETTERS 385 and also to have our dinner at the lodge every Saturday ev¬ ening. We get to know one another so much better when we have a cozy evening like that just among ourselves, in our own house, and there we have such happy times sing¬ ing the new Theta songs together, yet sometimes we feel sad for two of our girls graduate this year and we know that when we return next fall and see their places empty, we shall miss them even more than we think now. Since our last letter two of Albion’s seniors, both young men, have gone as missionaries to Korea, in answer to a call from Bishop Moore. On Sunday February 15th the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. held a farewell Union Mission¬ ary meeting for them in the chapel. Each was presented with a gold watch and chain as a gift from the student body and Faculty. We are all glad to announce that Albion was the place chosen at the Michigan Inter-collegiate Athletic Association meeting for the Field Day meet June 5th and 6th. The base ball schedule is the best that an Albion team has ever had. The first game is April i6th and will be played with the University of Michigan on our home ground, the Win¬ ter Lau Athletic Field. There will be nine inter-collegiate games on the home grounds, three of which will be played against university teams. There will be only seven inter¬ collegiate games away from home, thus showing that Albion is to be greatly favored this year. We are to have also three hard debates, one with Law¬ rence University, one with the University of Upper Iowa and one with De Pauw. RHO — UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA ‘‘Early March seems middle May, And Spring is coming round this way.” It is simply tantalizing and well nigh impossible to study this weather. Nebraska is famed for her springs and the University students are by no means unappreciative. Peo-

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336 KAPPA ALPHA THETA pie stroll into class at the last minute and for an hour pray for the bell to ring. But spring fever is no respector of per¬ sons, we all succumb to it, sooner or later. Is there anything worse than listening to a learned lecture on the customs of the Hindoos when the boys out on the base ball field are shouting themselves hoarse? But coming down to facts, we held our annual banquet at the Lincoln, following the initiation of Zora Shields. We enjoyed every bit of it, from the first glimpse of the flower covered tables to the toast that we all drank together at the close, *Wive la K A 6^. ” Elizabeth Jeeters has been wearing the pledge pin for over a week. She is a real Theta girl and that is our high¬ est compliment. That fatal Scylla and Charybdis, the fraternity exami¬ nation, haunts us no longer. Like the famous baby we are now wiser but alas, sadder. The hours we spent over the constitution, and the terrible duties of the Grand Council that we could have said backwards, only to find that consti¬ tution questions were not asked ! An innovation is being tried this spring. Every other Saturday evening informal dances are held in the Armory for the benefit of the University band. The traveling rings and the rest of the ''gym’’ apparatus seem to approve of the merry scene as much as we do. Chi Omega has lately entered the Greek Letter world at Lincoln. Several of the women’s fraternities have en¬ tertained in its honor. We are all glad to welcome the new comer and wish it every success. Nellore Wilson. TAU — NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY With the first warm days, comes an inevitable sign of spring — rushing. And this year, it comes with an enthus¬ iasm that is good to see. We are determined to lead, and

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CHAPTER LETTERS 337 that is the spirit that usually wins. The Boat Club is gay again, with the fraternity and sorority parties that fill it every week, and the lake seemed never so enjoyable as it does from the gallery of the club, where the ^^sitters out” may enjoy the music within, and the lake without. We enjoyed seeing Miss Kenny, from Minneapolis. She was here a day or two on her way to Europe, but she was able to tell us many interesting things about our sister- chapter, at the University of Minnesota; and she left, after capturing a number of hearts from Tau. All roads seem to lead to Minneapolis now — for a number of the girls are planning to attend the convention in the summer, and are looking forward to a pleasant and profitable experience. Helen Ruth Balmer. UPSILON — UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Just now Upsilon is sorely envious of the people who are favored with spring vacations. We, at Minnesota, have not had a pause since the Christmas vacation, except for the birthdays in February, and even then Washington was care¬ less enough to have his on Sunday this year. There have been a few stolen vacations nevertheless. The University Band, the Glee and Mandolin Club, both the “Varsity” and Girls’ Basket Ball teams, and the Dramatic club have been on trips of various lengths during the winter and early spring. We hope you will all like our city when you see it at Convention time this summer. We are anxious to see many besides the regular delegates. The other sororities have shown much kindly interest and several have offered to help us in any way they can. R. E. L., ’04. PSI — UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN The months since our last chapter letter have been rather uneventful ones. The usual allotment of exams and

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338 KAPPA ALPHA THETA quizzes which usually precede the spring vacation has been visited upon us and now everyone, more or less touched with the spring fever, is looking forward to the vacation. The annual election to Phi Beta Kappa took place last week and . we are proud of the fact that Edna Zinn, one of our girls, was one of the seven Juniors to be honored. Pro¬ fessor Hadley of Yale, delivered the address at the initia¬ tion of the candidates. Classes and lectures were suspended Friday to give the students an opportunity of hearing Theo¬ dore RoosevelPs speech to the Legislature. Owing to the limited amount of time which he had to spend in Madison, he was unable to visit the University, but his speech in tlie Legislature was for the students and to an audience com¬ posed almost entirely of students. The University School of Music very successfully ren¬ dered the ''Elijah’’ last Thursday evening. The chorus parts were taken by university students in the School of Music, and the solo parts were filled by artists from Chi¬ cago. The Haresfoot and Red Domino clubs have both given successful plays during the past month. The last of the series of girls’ basket ball games be¬ tween the class teams was held yesterday afternoon. In- the final contest between the Sophomore and Junior teams, the Juniors came out victorious and are now the recognized champions of the University. The games have been most enjoyable and have furnished ample opportunity for a healthy display of class spirit among the girls. Psi sends greetings to every chapter. AI^PHA GAMMA — OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY "A gush of bird song, a patter of dew, A cloud, and a rainbow’s warning. Suddenly sunshine and perfect blue — , An April day in the morning.” Who could help being happy on such days as these?

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CHAPTER LETTERS 839 Are you all enjoying spring sunshine as Alpha Gamma is? We hope so. Our campus is just beginning to bud and blossom and we are counting the days till it will be in full summer attire, the prettiest spot in our city and at once an inspiration to work and an invitation to play. Such a con¬ flict of incentives is often most tantalizing but just now weVe not worrying over that as we really feel free to play. The spring examinations are just over and we are allowed a little respite as a reward for the winter labors. The fra¬ ternity examination is over too and the results which we awaited so breathlessly help us to enjoy vacation while the grades of our six new girls make us even more certain than ever that they were genuine Theta material and that Alpha Gamma's future will be safe and happy in their hands. We have been discussing in chapter meeting the consti¬ tutional amendments proposed for the coming convention which is our chief interest at present. We hope several of our chapter will be able to go and have the splendid priv¬ ilege of spending those few happy days with so many Thetas, meeting old friends and making new ones and work¬ ing earnestly with them for the welfare and improvement of the fraternity. We are planning already for the celebration of our chapter's birthday. May twenty-fourth. W e have a banquet annually on this day and usually have with us a number of Alumnae girls from out of town, and of course, all who are here. Alpha Gamma's total chapter roll for the eleven years of existence now numbers sixty. As most of this num¬ ber are in Columbus or near here, we hope to have almost that many together on May twenty-fourth to pledge the health of Alpha Gamma, our dearest wish always being that the strength she is gaining year by year will enable her, as one link in Theta's chain to be an added strength to the whole and that the harvest of .any good seeds we as Alpha Gamma have been able to sow, may be reaped by Kappa Alpha Theta. Mary MacMillen Loren.

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340 KAPPA ALPHA THETA Gamma District PHI — STANFORD UNIVERSITY No Letter. OMEGA — UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA April finds Omega, unusually busy, gathering up the threads of the year's work in preparation for the “exes." You see our college year comes to an end sooner than that of the eastern colleges. We shall all be at home by the middle of May. Our commencement will be especially in¬ teresting this year, as President Roosevelt will be with us. Mrs. Hearst has given us so many delightful entertain¬ ments this year, that the students hardly know how to thank her. Each class has had two concerts and also an after¬ noon reception. These receptions are not of that formal sort, where one comes and goes in a moment. Instead of that, we come and spend the afternoon in dancing and be¬ coming acquainted with one another. A number of college plays have been given this year. Of these the most interesting, at least from a historical point of view, was the “Knight of the Burning Pestle," given by the English club of Stanford University This old comedy of Beaumont and Fletcher was given in a most realistic way. It came as near to the Elizabethan times in staging and ren¬ dering as possible. Besides this, “The Great Unknown" was given on Charter Day, and in a few weeks the “Skull and Key" play will be given. The University Assembly, the nicest dance of the year, will be given immediately after Lent. As usual we have saved the best piece of news till the end of the letter. We have a new “pledgling," Kelsey Pat¬ erson. She will not be initiated until next year.

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PERSONALS Miss Frances Gibson Pi, ’02, who is teaching at Clare, Michigan, spent her vacation in Albion. A little daughter was born March nth, to Mr. and Mrs. Fred Bender, of Caro, Mich. Mrs. Bender was a for¬ mer student of Albion and a member of Pi chapter. Miss Florence Castor, Pi ’98, is teaching in the Chelsea, Michigan schools. Kappa chapter has enjoyed visits lately from two of her alumnae. Miss Jane Thomas, of Emporia, Kansas, and Mrs. A. L. Burney, of Harrisonville, Mo. Miss Anna Rankin, of Kappa, has just returned from Washington, D. C., where she has been making an extended visit. Mrs. Gere, an alumna of Rho, is visiting her parents in Lincoln, after a three years' absence in Honolulu. Ruth Bogardus, Epsilon '02, has entered Streeter's Hospital, Chicago, where she will take a trained nurse's course. Mrs. Hopkins, nee Charlotte Wilhelm, Epsilon, '00, of Trenton, Mo., has been visiting her parents and friends in Wooster. Mrs. Bertha Brown Myers, Epsilon, '91, has removed from Wooster to make her home in Washington, D. C. Bess Davidson, Epsilon, ex-'oo, has returned to Co¬ lumbus, O., where she will finish her course as trained nurse in Grant Hospital. The engagement of Phoeb Mulliken, Delta, to Mr. Ellsworth P. Storey, Delta Tau Delta, has been announced. During February Delta chapter enjoyed visits from Louise Jones Adsitt, Ellen G. Smith, Henrietta Pitts, Leone Gould and Estelle Tooke. News comes from Manila, announcing the first Indiana baby in the Philippines, born on January 3d. Little Richard

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342 KAPPA ALPHA THETA Bert is the son of Mr. and Mrs. Dudley O. McGooney. Mrs. McGooney will be remembered as Laura Woodburn, Beta, ’oi. Mr. McGooney is also an Indiana graduate, ’oi, and is a member of Sigma Chi. Florence Myrick, Beta, ’99, was married on February 25th, at her home in Richmond, Ind., to Mr. Thomas Ahl, Sigma Chi, ’99. Mr. and Mrs. Ahl will live at Mokena, Illinois. ”■ Minta Allen, Alpha, '95, and Clarence Royse, Beta Theta Pi, '95, were married in Greencastle, March the 25th. They are to live in Terre Haute, Ind. The engagement of Mary Towne, Alpha, ’98, to Will Lockwood, Phi Kappa Psi, '98, is announced, the wedding to take place in July. They will leave in September for China, where Mr. Lockwood will engage in Y. M. C. A. work. On February twenty-third there were two engagements announced in Alpha Epsilon — Ruth Appleton, 1901, to George Albert Goulding, Alpha Tau Omega, '99, who is at Harvard, taking his doctor’s degree. On the same day, J-Ielen Whitmarsh, 1903, announced her engagement to Jerry Dearborn Drew, Phi Delta Theta, of New York City. Mary Porter Boss, ’02, has been visiting Alice Bennett, ’02 and Florence Walther, '04, at their homes in Baltimore. The marriage of Edith Lamb, Alpha Beta, ’98, and Howard Cooper Johnson, ’96, Delta Upsilon, took place on Thursday, April i6th, at the home of the bride, Govanstown, Maryland. President and Mrs. Joseph Swain are expected to re¬ turn to Swarthmore from their trip abroad, about the middle of April. Epsilon Alumnae welcomed in March, three Theta babies, all the happy possessions of old Alpha Gamma girls. A son came to the home of Esther Stafford Taylor, ’97; a daughter was born to Helen Patterson Alsdorf, ’98, and a son to Telia Axline De Witt, ’98. Josephine Barnaby, ’95, and Grace Vance, ’98, now teaching in Cleveland, visited us during the spring recess.

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PERSONALS 343 They are enthusiastic over Mu Alumnae Chapter. Helen Powell recently enjoyed a little visit with Ruth Ray of Delta Alumnae and enjoyed meeting the girls of Tail and Delta at the monthly meeting at Marshall Field’s.

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EXCHANGES Isn't it strange How little we know The people we meet in this world below? How we pass our friends from day to day, And with only a nod we go our way, When there's so much more we each might say, Isn't it strange? Isn't it strange How little we show What we really feel in this world below ? How we hide, or pass with a merry jest The feelings that are true and best : How much we leave by a clasp of the hand Or a look, our friends, as best they can. To find what we mean, and to understand. Isn't it strange? — Eleusis of Chi Omega. Nowadays almost every college has its flag or pennant. It would be a pleasant thing if our chapters exchanged with each other the pennants of their respective institutions, each forming a collection. Effective hall decorations could be made of such material. — Beta Theta Pi. By a vote of council and chapters, convention is post¬ poned from 1903 to 1904, and will meet at St. Louis some¬ time during the summer of the latter year. While there are disadvantages in allowing so long a period to elapse between conventions, the advantages of a meeting at St. Louis more than counterbalanced them and there is every prospect that for attendance of both active and alumnae, for enthusiasm and for the amount of work done, the 1904

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EXCHANGES 345 convention will far surpass that of any previous year — The Arrozv of Pi Beta Phi. There should be more alumni chapters established. Their organization may be of the slimmest character and their meeting infrequent, irregular and informal, but the mere fact that there is such an organization creates a solid¬ arity of local sentiment which is valuable, and forms a be¬ ginning of better things. It affords opportunities to make desirable acquaintances, to extend business and professional relationship, and to benefit the fraternity and the brothers in many ways. Don't be afraid. Start a chapter if you have only five men. Then see to it that the next five desir¬ able boys who go to college from your locality become Betas, and there will be more of you then. — Beta Theta Pi. Endowment Fund of Sigma Chi — A SKETCH OF ITS ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT. BY RALPH F. POTTER, ALPHA IOTA, 189O. It is now five years since Past Grand Consul Joseph C. Nate, then Grand Quaestor, announced to the Fraternity in the Bulletin that his plan for the Fraternitv Endowment Fund was fairly on the way to completion. This announce¬ ment was made after many months of work and planning, and in December of the same year the Grand Quaestor re¬ ceived the set of endowment notes, which he numbered 500, and which marked the goal which he had set for him¬ self and for the Fraternity in that particular effort for en¬ dowment. The first of these notes came due in January, 1899, last of the series matured in January, 1903. which makes this seem a particularly opportune time for a general review of the condition and prospects of the under¬ taking. The growth of this particular branch of Sigma Chi activity has been traced frequently, but for the benefit of

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346 KAPPA ALPHA THETA those who have become members of the Fraternity within the last few years and who may not be familiar with the entire history of the matter, it is proposed to point out as briefly as possible the various steps which led up to our pres¬ ent plan for the accumulation of a fund to be used for chap¬ ter house building. When Past Grand Consul Nate took charge of the finances of the Fraternity in 1890, he undertook the solution of a very large problem in the shape of a debt incurred largely in printing the Catalogue of 1890, amounting to about $2,500. By efforts, the magnitude of which cannot he realized in this day of increased revenue, awakened alumni enthusiasm, and prompt payment of chapter dues, the Grand Quaestor paid this debt in full, and when the Cincinnati Grand Chapter met in July, 1895, he had in the treasury a catalogue sinking fund amounting to $848.26. The Cincinnati Grand Chapter reduced the amount to be applied to the catalogue sinking fund from regular chapter dues, appropriated one-half of the amount in the fund at that time to start a new fund to be known as the Chapter House Sinking Fund, and provided for its increase by set¬ ting aside for that purpose ten per cent, of regular chapter dues, and one-half of the initiation fee, which at that time amounted to two dollars for each initiate. In July, 1896, the committee for constitutional revision met at Put-in-Bay, and included in its recommendations the establishment of an Endowment Fund, into which should be turned all of the initiation fee, which was increased to $2.50. This con¬ stitution, which was adopted at Nashville, provided for the Endowment Fund, for its administration practically as now in force, and for the incorporation of the Fraternity. Early in the evolution of the chapter house and endow¬ ment plan, it had become evident to Brother Nate and other alumni of the Fraternity that in order to effect anything like adequate results, it would be necessary to secure the coopera¬ tion and active assistance of the alumni, as well as of the active men. To this end, in the summer of 1897, Grand

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EXCHANGES 347 Quaestor Nate proposed to fifty alumni of the Fraternity his plan for alumni endowment. In brief this provided that five hundred alumni should give five promissory notes for $5.00 each, payable in one, two, three, four, and five years, respectively, without interest, the proceeds of the notes to form the nucleus of a fund to be used exclusively for the purpose of assisting the various chapters in the purchase of chapter houses. By giving practically his entire time to the work for a year, Brother Nate pushed this plan to completion, and in December, 1898, as stated above, he re¬ ceived notes and pledges from five hundred Sigma Chi alumni. In order to perpetuate and increase this fund and at the same time provide more liberally for general Fraternity en¬ terprises, the Nashville Grand Chapter, in 1897, authorized the Triumvirs to appoint a committee to determine upon some plan for the collection of permanent alumni dues. In January, 1898, the Triumvirs appointed as such committee, M. H. Gerry, Jr., Alpha Sigma, ’90, and E. Dick Slaughter, Alpha Nu, ’95. As a result of the recommendations of this committee and of the Grand Quaestor, the Philadelphia Grand Chapter, in August, 1899, embodied in the constitu¬ tion of the Fraternity a plan for alumni notes, which pro¬ vided that thirty days before permanently severing his active connection with his chapter, each member of the Fraternity should make out and deliver to the chapter quaestor two notes for $5.00 each, payable the first and second Januarys respectively thereafter. The proceeds of these notes were to be applied, one-half to endowment and one-half as might be provided by statute. The statute at present provides that one-half of the amount received from this source shall be applied to the support of The Sigma Chi Quarterly and BuUeiin. Each alumni note-signer receives these publica¬ tions without further charge for two years after the matur¬ ity of his notes. This plan failed to work out well in prac¬ tice, for the reason that the time fixed for making the notes was not sufficiently definite, and in the confusion attendant

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348 KAPPA ALPHA THETA upon the last few weeks of the school )^ear the matter was easily neglected. During the two years that this provision was in force there were sent to the Grand Quaestor 141 sets of alumni notes. In pursuance of the recommendations of the writer, the Buffalo Grand Chapter, in July, 1901, amend¬ ed the constitutional requirement so as to provide that every active member of the Fraternity at the beginning of the col¬ lege year next succeeding, should sign and transmit to the Grand Quaestor, through his chapter quaestor, two notes for $5.00 each, payable the first and second Januarys, re¬ spectively, succeeding the date on which he should perma¬ nently sever his active connection with his chapter, and that every man initiated into the Fraternity thereafter should sign two such notes at the time of his initiation. The mem- l:)ers of the Fraternity have rallied nobly to the support of the Grand Quaestor in carrying out these provisions, and from the 705 active members reported to him for the school year of 1901 and 1902 there have been received 668 sets of alumni notes. The showing will be even more satisfactory by the end of the current scholastic year. At the date of this writing, February 14th, there have been received from the initiates of the current year 127 sets of alumni notes. In considering the present condition of the Endowment Fund, as to cash and unpaid notes on hand, allowance should be made for the death of many note-signers, whose notes have in some instances been paid, but in many others can¬ celled without any request for payment. Some signers did not send in full sets, and a few, upon whom Grand Quaestor Nate confidently counted, failed to sign any. Of the origi¬ nal endowment notes 1,043 ^^^e been paid, 868 are on hand, due and unpaid, and 39 unpaid are not yet due. Of the old series of alumni notes 140 have been paid, leaving on hand 138 unpaid. The assets to the credit of the Endowment Fund are as follows;

Page 131

EXCHANGES 349 Cash on hand . $ 3,963 51 Loans to active chapters . 5,800 00 Cash and loans . 9,763 51 Endowment notes, face value . 4^535 00 Old plan alumni notes, face value... 345 00 New plan alumni notes, face value. . . 3,900 00 Total . $18,543 51 Many of these alumni notes, of course, will not be due until some time in the future, and it would be too much to expect that all of the past due notes on hand will be paid eventually; but making every allowance for misfortune and death, it seems clear that the expectation of the originator and builder of Si^ma Chi's endowment system, of $25,000 for endowment, is not far short of realization. The averag-e number of men initiated into the Fra¬ ternity each year, as shown by the Quaestor's reports during the past four years, has been 288. Placing this number at 280 for purposes of calculation, the endowment fund will increase from initiation fees at the rate of $700 per year. Assuming that as many discontinue their active member¬ ship each year as are initiated, the number of alumni notes falling due each year should be 560. One-half of the pro¬ ceeds of these notes being applied to the Endowment Fund, they should yield $1,400 per year. At the present rate of growth of the Fraternity, therefore, the Endowment Fund will be increased each year by initiation fees paid in cash, and by the falling due of alumni notes, $2,100. In addition to the stimulus and encouragement which the mere existence of such a fund has given to Sigma Chi chapter house building throughout the country, the Endow¬ ment Fund has assisted three chapters to the ownership of chapter homes. The first loan of $900, to Alpha Phi, was made in' 1899, and was the means of enabling the chapter at Cornell to retain possession of a building lot which had been secured by its members some time before, but which was en-

Page 132

;60 KAPPA ALPHA THETA cumbered by a mortgage. Subsequent loans increased this amount to a sum which, though small in comparison with the total value of the magnificent chapter house, now owned and occupied by Cornell chapter, accomplished the design for which the Endowment Fund was established, namely, to assist the building enterprise at the time when it most needed help, and to furnish a foundation of credit upon which to commence actual building operations. The Cor¬ nell property, estimated to be worth $40,000, is by far the most magnificent building occupied by any chapter of the Fraternity and has few rivals among fraternity houses in the country. The Theta Theta loan served a similar pur¬ pose for the Ann Arbor chapter, and formed the entering wedge by means of which Sigma Chi, at Michigan, now holds and occupies its own residence. The Alpha Omega loan, though less in amount than either of the others, en¬ abled the Leland Stanford chapter to complete their less pretentious, but serviceable and creditable lodge. All of these building enterprises have been carried to completion along similar lines. In each case a local corpor¬ ation has been organized by prominent alumni, who, by much labor, self-sacrifice, and large financial assistance, have carried the building plans to success. The corporation in each case holds the title to the property and gives a mort¬ gage to the Fraternity to secure the loan, paying to the Fra¬ ternity four per cent, upon the amount borrowed. This interest money is at present applied by statute to chapter visitation by grand officers. In the practical administration of the Endowment Fund many difficulties have been, of course, encountered. Our present constitution, as revised at Philadelphia, provides that all property of the individual chapters shall be held by them in trust for the Grand Council of the Sigma Chi Fra¬ ternity as a body corporate. In each of the three states where loans have been made it has been found, on consult¬ ing competent legal advice, that local laws prevented a cor¬ poration, organized in the state where the loan was made,

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EXCHANGES 351 from holding real estate in trust for a corporation organized in another state. In each case, therefore, the Grand Council required only a straight note and mortgage, payable to the Grand Council of the Sigma Chi Fraternity, the title to the property remaining in the local corporation. It is hoped that the framers of the constitution, with other legal ex¬ perts of the Fraternity, will give this matter serious consid¬ eration and let us have the benefit of their presence and ad¬ vice at Detroit, that some wise modification of this provision of the constitution may be adopted. It must, of course, always be borne in mind, both by those to whom the management of this fund is entrusted, and by the local chapters which receive its benefits, that they have to do strictly with a business proposition. The Fraternity can be content with a less margin of material security than would satisfy an outsider loaning his money for gain, because fraternity loyalty and pride are a better guarantee for many purposes than real estate. The same safeguards against misfortune and mistakes are necessary for us, however, as would be required by the outside man of business. Interest is required to be paid at a minimum rate that the borrowing chapter may feel that it is giving something in return for what it receives, that there may be some incentive aside from mere sentiment to repay the loan as promptly as possible, and that the Fraternity enter¬ prises may be assisted by the income. In the evolution of our financial system the time will doubtless come when all interest will be turned back into the fund. This article is intended to be a plain recital of facts. These facts, however, form a record of substantial Fra¬ ternity loyalty which must arouse the pride and enthusiasm of every Sigma Chi. Let our pride be of the sort which looks forward to larger success, and our enthusiasm the kind that strenuously assists in its accomplishment. Our Endowment Fund motto is, “Every chapter in its own home.’^ It is the privilege as well as the duty of every Sigma Chi, active and alumni, to assist in transforming

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362 KAPPA ALPHA THETA the significance of that motto from purpose to achieve¬ ment. — Sigma Chi Quarterly for March. The American College Fraternity— An Estimate — {From an article by Dr. Charles F. Thwing, President of Western Reserve University, in the Century Magazine.) More important than all clubs of all kinds put together in the American College is the organization known as the Fraternity. * * ♦ The Fraternity in the American College, founded on this basis of good-fellowship, is of the highest worth in promoting friendships. In college, as out, friendship is the best thing to be given or received. Men living in the close fellowship of the Fraternity are frequently friends before they go into this fellowship, and the fellowship deepens the friendship, out of which the Fraternity itself grows. It is probable that the students in college form more friendships in the four years than they have formed before entering College or than they will form after leav¬ ing College. And these friendships, too, are of the most intimate sort. Men in College get much closer to one an¬ other than those living in any other condition. The intimacy of relationships prevailing in the Frater¬ nity is of special worth in forming a just and strong char- a^'ter. Personality is more important than the curriculum; and the personality manifest in the Fraternity house is quite as important as the personality manifest in the class¬ room. Through this method of intimate relationships all the elements that make up a rich and fine character may become richer and finer. Faults are corrected; manners are cultivated; tastes are improved; the influence of the wiser over the less wise is strong; the young lend them¬ selves with ease to the guidance of the older; and the older behave in gracious helpfulness toward the less ma¬ ture. All the elements that make up manhood may be enlarged through the life of the Fraternity.

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EXCHANGES 353 The relationship which the Fraternity holds to the graduates of the College is of great importance. For the graduate finds that the College generation is pretty short, and often after a year, or at the most two years’ absence, on returning he finds few men whom he knew or who knew him while he was still an undergraduate. But he does find in his Fraternity house a hearty welcome, and from the men at present students he receives the most cordial greet¬ ing. The ties of the Fraternity are far stronger and at¬ tach him more closely than the ordinary College relation¬ ship. The Fraternity serves to keep him in touch with the College more than the College serves to keep him in touch with the Fraternity. It is also to be said that the Fraternity becomes of great aid to the Faculty and Trustees in promoting the good order of the college. President Seelye, of Amherst, relied much on the help of Fraternities in his administration. In his annual report to the trustees (1887) he says:* “Besides other helps toward the good work of the College, important service is rendered by the societies and society houses. No one now familiar with the College doubts, so far as I know, the good secured through the Greek-letter societies as found among us. They are cer¬ tainly well managed. Their houses are well kept, and fur¬ nish pleasant and not expensive homes to the students oc¬ cupying them. The rivalry among them is wholesome, kept, as it certainly seems to be, within limits. The tone of the College is such that loose ways in a society or its members will be a reproach, and College sentiment, so long as it is reputable itself, will keep them reputable.” The closeness of the relation which should exist be¬ tween the government of a College and the Fraternity sys¬ tem is well indicated in a paragraph which I take from the best book upon American College Fraternities if * W. S. Tyler, A History of Amherst College p. 264 t Baird, The American College Fraternities p. 418

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364 KAPPA ALHPA THETA ‘The wiser of the College Faculties are using and not abusing the Fraternities. They find that the Chapters are only too glad to assist in maintaining order, in enlisting support for the College, in securing endowments, and, in fact, in doing anything to increase the prosperity of the institutions upon which their own existence depends. When such officers or professors have occasion to discipline a member of one of the Fraternities, they speak to his Chapter mates quietly, and suggest that he is not doing himself credit, or is reflecting discredit upon the good name of the Chapter. It is surprising how soon boys can in¬ fluence each other, and how students can force reason into the mind of an angry boy where Faculty admonition would only result in opposition and estrangement. The members of a good Chapter all try to excel, many for the sake of their Chapter where they would not for their own. Each member feels that upon him has fallen no little burdep of responsibility to keep the Chapter up to a standard set, perhaps, by men since grown famous. College Faculties sometimes see what a force they have here at hand, and what a salutary discipline the Fraternities can exercise.” The Fraternity also represents an important tie uniting the Colleges of our country to one another. The ties which join together the Chapters of the same Fraternity in tile different Collesi-es are far stronger than the ties which unite the Colleges themselves. The Colleges themselves are prone to be, although now less prone than formerly, in the relationship of antagonistic units. Chapters of Fra¬ ternities are in the relation of cooperative and unifying elements. They also serve to draw together the members themselves into personal relationship. In this way they serve, though in a far less intimate extent, the purposes which the great organizations, such as the Masons or the Odd Fellows represent. So important a place is the Fraternity coming to oc¬ cupy that it has been suggested they may in time represent a method of organization and life not unlike that which the

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EXCHANGES 356 Colleges at Oxford and Cambridge play in the life of their respective Universities. That time is certainly far off, but the tendency is very strong for the social life of the Colleges to segregate and to divide itself into fraternal organizations. Already College tutors are livin'^ in Fraternity houses, and libraries for the special use of the members are formed. What is this but a significant beginning of the English Collegiate-University system ? With all these advantages, it is not to be denied that disadvantages are to be found. These disadvantages lie in one general fault in promoting a loyalty to only a part of the College interests, and in lessening the loyalty to all those elements that go to constitute the College. Often the Fraternity must, because it is a segregating agency, become almost a dividing one. * * * The Fraternity, as an agent of social life and of recre¬ ation and amusement, helps to make the contrast between the life of the modern College student and the life of the University student of the middle ages significant. The life of the ideal student of the middle ages was a life of few comforts. It was essentially a monastic life. Amusements were largely prohibited in the feudal society of the middle ages. The military class predominated, and tournaments, hunting, and hawking were the popular sports. Such amusements were not adapted to University conditions. The chief amusement of the student of the middle ages seems to have been in the frequent interruption of his work through the holidays of the church or through festivals of patrons who had some relation to the College of which he was a member. The ideal student led a monastic life, but it is pretty certain that the student who was not ideal, but who was inclined to be dissolute, found that the ascetic life provoked wildest indulgences whenever occasion offered. Lawlessness and ruffianism of the severest sort not infre¬ quently prevailed. The maddest pranks of the College student of this century in the United States are very pale and simple compared with some of the ordinary behaviors

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366 KAPPA ALPHA THETA which are told in the annals of the University of Paris. A word should be said in reference to the oldest and most distinguished of all Fraternities, which still holds a unique place in the annals and life of the American College. The Phi Beta Kappa was the first society bearing the symbolic Greek letters. It was founded at the College of William and Mary in 1776. Its origin is more or less in doubt, but through more than a hundred years it has held a distinguished and honorable place among College organi¬ zations and in College life. It is now coming to stand es¬ sentially as an association of scholars. The best scholars of each Junior and Senior Class in a College in which a Chapter is organized usually constitute its members. It stands more distinctly as an association of men who as un¬ dergraduates have manifested scholarly ability than any other institution in the life of the century. For some years many of our members most intimately acquainted with the work of the fraternity have felt that the influence of the Quarterly was not sufficiently far reaching. Various causes were ascribed and various methods sug¬ gested to remedy the defect. After a careful study of the whole field, it has been decided that centralized responsi¬ bility and personal work are the logical methods for mak¬ ing the Quarterly truly our national organ. At the last Convention it was decided that responsibility should be cen¬ tralized in one executive officer, known as the Editor-in- Chief, who should direct all the work of the publication. With her should be associated a company of Advisory Edi¬ tors, each representing a geographical district of the fra¬ ternity. These editors are to assume the work of collect¬ ing such data as the Editor-in-Chief directs, from the aluni- nae residing in their districts ; they are to send the regular alumnae letter, to solicit subscriptions, to secure personals and special articles, thus by direct personal contact to keep the constituency and the Editor-in-Chief in close touch with each other. We are pleased to announce that the following

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EXCHANGES 357 well-known members of Alpha Phi have consented to do this work: For Boston Alumnae — by this we mean all alumnae of all chapters residing in and near Boston — Eliza¬ beth C. Northrup, Eta, ’94; for Baltimore, Lulie P. Hooper, Zeta, ’96; for New York City, Jennie Thorburn Sanford, Alpha, ’87; for Chicago, Minnie Ruth Terry, Beta, '91 ; for Minneapolis, Mary F. Sanford, Epsilon, ’02; for California. Agnes Morley Cleaveland, Kappa, '99. Each of these has assistants whom she chooses, who reside in different locali¬ ties of her district, and who will keep her in touch with isolated Alpha Phis who are not identified with any alumnae organization. Each one has more than one chapter with which to work, and thus she broadens her own view while she carries the work of the fraternity between them and the Quarterly. Each Active Chapter is represented by a correspondent, who has full charge of all matters, business and literary, connected with the Quarterly; she holds her office for two years, thus giving her time to grow into an intelligent comprehension of the work, and she gives place to another one year before her graduation, so that she still remains in the Chapter to instruct her successor. With this new plan fairly inaugurated, we may hope for a time when no Alpha Phi will be without the Quarterly, and when its pages will be full of the expression of a general loyalty and devotion to the upbuilding of the sisterhood. — The Alpha Phi Quar^ terly.

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The Songs of Kappa Alpha Theta ARE NOW ON SALE Price $1.00 Send your order, using the blank below, and enclosing draft, express or money order to Lucille Baldwin. LuciIvEK Baldwin, 215 Furman Street, Syracuse, N. Y. Please find enclosed $1.00 in payment for one copy of The Songs of Kappa Alpha Theta. Name - — - - Address (street and Number) _ Town _ State -

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Official Badge Makers to the K A 8 Badges sent on application to ^ members of the fraternity ^ ^ mridbt, Kay $ €o. Makers of High Class Fraternity Stationery Designs and estimates for invitations and announcements Send for sample book of stationery Wright, Kay & Co., Jewelers, I40-J42 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. D. L. AULD, MANUFACTURER OF High Grade.... College Fraternity Jewelry Send for price list of Kappa Alpha Theta Pins and Stationery ^ ^ D. L. AULD, 76 East Gay Street^ COLUMBUS, OHIO* Official Jeweler to Kappa Alpha Theta.

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Columttw*, fe)nio T8 RAST QAY ST, Columbus, Ohio

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Fraternity Jewelry and Novelties ^ Official Jewelers to K A 9 Masonic and Society Jewels, Charms and In- sig^nia *2^ *2^ Charles L Clegg Successor to Fraternity Department of Simons Bro. & Co* 6i6 Chestnut SUf Philadelphia. Designs and College and Qass Pins, Estimates Furnished Prizes, Badges, etc. THE OFFICIAL CATALOGUE ...OF. . KAPPA ALPHA THETA • M. Edith Bell, Editor of Catalogue, 382 East Town St., Columbus, Ohio. / Please find enclosed $1.25 in payment for one -copy of the Catalogue of Kappa Alpha Theta. Name - Address (street and Number) Town - State.

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w w J. F. NEWMAN Badge and Jewelry Manufaeturer Official Fraternity Jeweler REMOVAL NOTICE May 1st, 1903 we leave our old office 19 John St. where we have been located for twenty- five years to enter larger and more attractive quarters better adapted to our extended business at 11 JOHN STREET NEW YORK^ m