Structured Query Language

Structured Query Language · Wikibooks

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    From Wikibooks, under CC BY-SA 4.0, as the source states it. This page at Wikibooks.


    Structured Query Language (SQL) is a widely-used programming language for working with relational databases. The name of the language is generally pronounced as the three letters of its abbreviation About this sound ˈɛs kjuː ˈɛl or, in some people's usage, as About this sound ˈsiːkwəl.

    This Wikibook provides a short description of SQL, its origins, basic concepts and components, and many examples. The book follows the specifications of the SQL:2011 standard developed by a common committee of ISO and IEC. Their publications are not freely available but can be ordered online.[1] Or you may want to refer to a working draft that you can download from Whitemarsh Information Systems Corporation.

    A printable version of Structured Query Language is available. (edit it)
    Wikipedia has related information at SQL.
    Wikiversity has learning materials about SQL

    Introduction

    About the Book
    Database Management Systems (DBMS)
    Relational DBMS (rDBMS)
    SQL: A Language for Working with rDBMS
    SQL: The Standard ISO IEC 9075 and various Implementations
    Language Elements
    Learning by Doing

    The Snippets Corner Take a snippet

    SELECT code FROM examples WHERE topic = ...

    Foundation

    Create a simple Table
    Handle Data
    Example Database Structure
    Example Database Data

    Data Query Language

    SELECT Fundamentals
    Join Operation
    Grouping
    IS NULL Predicate
    Predefined Functions
    Set Operations
    Case Expression
    Subquery
    Views

    Data Manipulation Language

    INSERT
    INSERT, using Subqueries
    UPDATE
    UPDATE, using Subqueries
    DELETE
    DELETE, using Subqueries
    MERGE
    TRUNCATE
    COMMIT and ROLLBACK

    Data Definition Language

    CREATE TABLE
    Data Types
    Foreign Key
    Alter Table
    Drop Table
    Temporary Table
    Indexes

    Data Control Language

    Managing Rights (GRANT / REVOKE)

    Advanced Topics

    Additional SELECT features
    Pattern Matching (LIKE Predicate and much more)
    IN, SOME/ANY, ALL, EXISTS
    Advanced Grouping: Rollup / Cube
    Window functions (Data Warehouses, OLAP)
    With Clause (Common Table Expression CTE)
    Recursions
    NULLs and the Three Valued Logic
    Transactions / Isolation Levels
    Some Notes on typical SQL (non-trivial) Tasks
    Retrieve Top N Rows per Group
    Eliminate Duplicates

    Appendices

    Warnings and Exceptions (SQLSTATE)
    Glossary

    References

    1. ↑ "ISO/IEC 9075-2:2011: Information technology -- Database languages -- SQL -- Part 2: Foundation (SQL/Foundation)".

    See also