Essentials of Linguistics Remix 2.0

by Sarah Harmon

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Publisher
Cañada College
Subjects
Social Sciences
Licence
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, as LibreTexts states it. Non-commercial use only.
Who can read
Teens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

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  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Table of Contents
  5. Licensing
  6. About the Authors
  7. Revision history
  8. AI-Based Ancillaries
  9. 1: What Is Linguistics? What Is Language?
  10. 1.1: Linguistics as a social science
  11. 1.2: The resources used for this course
  12. 1.3: Linguistics is a science
  13. 1.4: What even is language?
  14. 1.5: What grammars are and aren't
  15. 1.6: Studying language scientifically
  16. 1.7: Thinking about standards and “proper” grammar
  17. 1.8: Doing harm with language science
  18. 1.9: Doing good with language science
  19. 1.10: Hallmarks of human language
  20. 1.11: Language and thought
  21. 1.12: Next steps and references
  22. 1.13: Exercise your linguistics skills
  23. 2: Sounds, Part 1- Phonetics
  24. 2.1: Introduction to Phonetics
  25. 2.2: Modality
  26. 2.3: Speech articulators
  27. 2.4: Describing consonants- Place and phonation
  28. 2.5: Describing consonants- Manner
  29. 2.6: Describing vowels
  30. 2.7: The International Phonetic Alphabet
  31. 2.8: Signed language articulators
  32. 2.9: Syllables
  33. 2.10: Stress
  34. 2.11: Tone and intonation
  35. 3: Sounds, Part 2- Phonology
  36. 3.1: Phonemes and allophones
  37. 3.2: Phonotactics and natural classes
  38. 3.3: Contrastive distribution and minimal pairs
  39. 3.4: Complementary distribution
  40. 3.5: Phonemic analysis
  41. 3.6: Another example of phonemic analysis
  42. 3.7: Phonological rules
  43. 3.8: Phonological derivations
  44. 3.9: Types of phonological rules
  45. 3.10: Signed language phonology (optional)
  46. 4: Words- Morphology
  47. 4.1: Back to the Arbitrary
  48. 4.2: What is morphology?
  49. 4.3: Roots, bases, and affixes
  50. 4.4: Morphology beyond affixes
  51. 4.5: Allomorphy
  52. 4.6: Lexical categories
  53. 4.7: Derivational morphology
  54. 4.8: Inflectional morphology
  55. 4.9: Compounding
  56. 4.10: Structural ambiguity in morphology
  57. 4.11: Morphophonology
  58. 4.12: Morphosyntax
  59. 4.13: How to draw morphological trees
  60. 4.14: How to solve morphology problems
  61. 4.15: Exercise your linguistics skills
  62. 5: Phrases- Syntax
  63. 5.1: Syntax Terminology
  64. 5.2: Word order
  65. 5.3: Structure within the sentence- Phrases, heads, and selection
  66. 5.4: Functional categories
  67. 5.5: Clausal embedding
  68. 5.6: From constituency to tree diagrams
  69. 5.7: Trees- Introducing X-bar theory
  70. 5.8: Trees- Sentences as TPs
  71. 5.9: Trees- Embedded clauses
  72. 5.10: Trees- Movement
  73. 5.11: Grammaticality
  74. 5.12: Exercise your linguistics skills.
  75. 6: Meaning- Semantics and Pragmatics
  76. 6.1: Arbitrariness and Compositionality
  77. 6.2: The mental lexicon
  78. 6.3: The nature of lexical meaning
  79. 6.4: Events and thematic roles
  80. 6.5: Why not the dictionary?
  81. 6.6: Pragmatics Definitions
  82. 6.7: What does this sentence "mean"? Entailments vs. implicatures
  83. 6.8: Cross-community differences in discourse
  84. 6.9: Conversational implicatures
  85. 6.10: The Cooperative Principle
  86. 6.11: Illocutionary meaning
  87. 6.12: Deixis
  88. 6.13: Exercise your linguistics skills
  89. 7: Sociolinguistics- Language Variation and Change
  90. 7.1: What is variationist sociolinguistics?
  91. 7.2: Language varies
  92. 7.3: Language changes
  93. 7.4: Sociolinguistic correlations - Place
  94. 7.5: Appalachian American English (AE)
  95. 7.6: African American English (AAE)
  96. 7.7: Sociolinguistic correlations - Social status
  97. 7.8: Gender and Class Dialects
  98. 7.9: Prestige and Politics
  99. 7.10: Social Norms
  100. 7.11: Languages in Contact
  101. 7.12: Exercise Your Linguistics Skills
  102. 8: Historical Linguistics
  103. 8.1: Language Change Facts and Definitions
  104. 8.2: Reconstructions and Analysis
  105. 8.3: Phonological change
  106. 8.4: Indo-European and Romance Phonological Reconstruction
  107. 8.5: Stages of English
  108. 8.6: Morphological change
  109. 8.7: Syntactic and Lexical Changes
  110. 8.8: Typology
  111. 8.9: Language Families
  112. 8.10: Writing Systems
  113. 8.11: Arabic and Romance- A Comparison (Optional)
  114. 9: Language Acquisition
  115. 9.1: Tiny, powerful language learners
  116. 9.2: Phonemic contrast
  117. 9.3: Language milestones in the first two years
  118. 9.4: Understanding word combinations
  119. 9.5: Growing up bilingual (or multilingual!)
  120. 9.6: Adults are not children
  121. 9.7: Gaining proficiency
  122. 9.8: Learning Phonetics and Phonotactics in a Later Language
  123. 9.9: Second Language Acquisition Teaching Methods
  124. 9.10: Exercise your linguistics skills
  125. 9.10.1: Exercise your linguistics skills
  126. 10: Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics
  127. 10.1: The mind makes language
  128. 10.2: Human Language versus Animal Communication
  129. 10.3: Evolution of Human Language
  130. 10.4: Evidence for ‘top-down’ effects of word knowledge on perception
  131. 10.5: Evidence for phonemes as mental categories
  132. 10.6: Language Processing in the Brain
  133. 10.7: Aphasia
  134. 10.8: Autonomy of Language
  135. 11: Reclaiming Indigenous Languages (Optional)
  136. 11.1: Preserving Mohawk
  137. 11.2: Learning Mohawk
  138. 11.3: Mohawk culture and language
  139. 11.4: Creating materials for teaching Mohawk
  140. 11.5: Speaking Mohawk and reconciliation
  141. 11.6: One view on the future of Indigenous languages
  142. 11.7: Reclaiming Michif
  143. 11.8: Reclaiming Hul’q’umi’num’
  144. 11.9: Growing up speaking Nishnaabemwin
  145. 11.10: Learning Nishnaabemwin at University
  146. 11.11: Resources for teaching and learning Nishnaabemwin
  147. Back Matter
  148. Index
  149. Glossary
  150. 13.1: Check Yourself Questions
  151. 12: PSRs and Flat Tree Structures (optional)
  152. 1.1: Phrase Structure Rules
  153. 1.2: Phrase Structure Rules in Other Languages
  154. 1.3: Properties of PSR Trees
  155. 1.4: Structural Ambiguity
  156. 1.5: Head movement in yes-no questions
  157. 1.6: Phrasal movement in wh-questions
  158. 1.7: Draw a Tree Step-by-Step
  159. 15: Detailed Licensing
  160. Detailed Licensing
  161. 15: Accessibility Statement
  162. 15: Detailed Licensing
  163. Detailed Licensing
  164. 12: Test
  165. 12.1: Test page