An Introduction to Geology (Johnson, Affolter, Inkenbrandt, and Mosher)

by Yoshie Hagiwara

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This text is designed to give you a comprehensive introduction to Geology at no or very nominal cost. It contains both written and graphic text material, intra-text links to other internal material which may aid in understanding topics and concepts, intra-text links to the appendices and glossary for tables and definitions of words, and extra-text links to videos and web material that clarifies and augments topics and concepts.

Description from LibreTexts.

Publisher
California State University Los Angeles
Subjects
Geosciences
Licence
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, as LibreTexts states it. Non-commercial use only.
Who can read
Tweens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

LibreTexts writes equations in TeX, and here they show as TeX; the PDF has them typeset.

  1. Front Matter
  2. About this Book
  3. TitlePage
  4. InfoPage
  5. Table of Contents
  6. Licensing
  7. 1: Understanding Science
  8. 1.1: What is Science?
  9. 1.2: The Scientific Method
  10. 1.3: Early Scientific Thought
  11. 1.4: Foundations of Modern Geology
  12. 1.5: The Study of Geology
  13. 1.6: Science Denial and Evaluating Sources
  14. 2: Global Climate Change
  15. 2.1: Global Climate Change
  16. 2.2: Earth’s Temperature
  17. 2.3: Evidence of Recent Climate Change
  18. 2.4: Prehistoric Climate Change
  19. 2.5: Anthropogenic Causes of Climate Change
  20. 3: Plate Tectonics
  21. 3.1: Alfred Wegener’s Continental Drift Hypothesis
  22. 3.2: Layers of the Earth
  23. 3.3: Convergent Boundaries
  24. 3.4: Divergent Boundaries
  25. 3.5: Transform Boudaries
  26. 3.6: The Wilson Cycle
  27. 3.7: Hotspots
  28. 4: Minerals
  29. 4.1: Prelude to Minerals
  30. 4.2: Chemistry of Minerals
  31. 4.3: Formation of Minerals
  32. 4.4: Silicate Minerals
  33. 4.5: Non-Silicate Minerals
  34. 4.6: Identifying Minerals
  35. 4.S: Summary
  36. 5: Igneous rocks and Volcanism
  37. 5.1: Classification of Igneous Rocks
  38. 5.2: Bowen’s Reaction Series
  39. 5.3: Magma Generation
  40. 5.4: Partial Melting and Crystallization
  41. 5.5: Volcanism
  42. 6: Weathering, Erosion, and Sedimentary Rocks
  43. 6.1: The Unique Properties of Water
  44. 6.2: Weathering and Erosion
  45. 6.3: Sedimentary Rocks
  46. 6.4: Sedimentary Structures
  47. 6.5: Depositional Environments
  48. 6.S: Weathering, Erosion, and Sedimentary Rocks (Summary)
  49. 7: Metamorphic Rocks
  50. 7.1: Prelude to Metamorphic Rocks
  51. 7.2: Metamorphic Processes
  52. 7.3: Metamorphic Textures
  53. 7.4: Metamorphic Grade
  54. 7.5: Metamorphic Environments
  55. 8: Geological Structure and Earthquakes
  56. 8.1: Stress and Strain
  57. 8.2: Deformation
  58. 8.3: Geological Maps
  59. 8.4: Folds
  60. 8.5: Faults
  61. 8.6: Earthquake Essentials
  62. 8.7: Measuring Earthquakes
  63. 8.8: Earthquake Risk
  64. 8.9: Case Studies
  65. 09: Geologic Time
  66. 09.02: Relative Dating
  67. 9.3: Absolute Dating
  68. 09.04: Fossils and Evolution
  69. 09.05: Correlation
  70. 10.0: Earth History
  71. 10.01 : Origin of the Universe
  72. 10.02: Origin of the Solar System—The Nebular Hypothesis
  73. 10.3: Hadean Eon
  74. 10.4: Archean Eon
  75. 10.5: Proterozoic Eon
  76. 10.6: Paleozoic
  77. 10.7: Mesozoic
  78. 10.8: Cenozoic
  79. 11.0: Mass Wasting
  80. 11.1: Slope Strength
  81. 11.2: Mass-Wasting Triggers and Mitigation
  82. 11.3: Landslide Classification and Identification
  83. 11.4: Examples of Landslides
  84. 14: Water
  85. 14.1: Prelude to Water
  86. 14.2: Properties of Water
  87. 14.3: Water Cycle
  88. 14.4: Water Basin and Budgets
  89. 14.5: Water Use and Distribution
  90. 14.6: Water Law
  91. 14.7: Surface Water
  92. 14.8: Groundwater
  93. 14.9: Water Contamination
  94. 14.10: Karst
  95. 15: Coastlines
  96. 15.1: Waves and Wave Processes
  97. 15.2: Shoreline Features
  98. 15.3: Current and Tides
  99. 16: Deserts
  100. 16.1: Prelude to Deserts
  101. 16.2: The Origin of Deserts
  102. 16.3: Desert Weathering and Erosion
  103. 16.4: Desert Landforms
  104. 16.5: The Great Basin and the Basin and Range
  105. 17: Glaciers
  106. 17.1: Prelude to Galciers
  107. 17.2: Types of Glaciers
  108. 17.3: Glacier Formation and Movement
  109. 17.4: Glacial Budget
  110. 17.5: Glacial Landforms
  111. 17.6: Ice Age Glaciations
  112. 18: Energy and Mineral Resources
  113. 18.1: Prelude to Energy and Mineral Resources
  114. 18.2: Mining
  115. 18.3: Fossil Fuels
  116. 18.4: Mineral Resources
  117. 18.S: Summary
  118. Back Matter
  119. Index
  120. Glossary
  121. Detailed Licensing