9.11: Summary

This chapter introduced the richness of microwave components available to the RF designer. Microwave lumped-element \(R,\: L,\) and \(C\) components are carefully constructed so that they function as intended up to \(10\) or so. They are usually in surface-mount form so that they can be integrated in design while minimizing the parasitic effects introduced by leads. To a limited extent, transmission line discontinuities can be used as lumped elements. Even if the transmission line discontinuities are not specifically introduced for this purpose, their lumped-element equivalent circuits must be included in circuit analysis. Transmission line stubs are widely used to introduce capacitance and inductance in circuits. In most transmission line technologies only shunt stubs are available, and thus there is a strong preference for shunt elements in circuit designs.

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