13.5: Optional parameters

We have seen built-in functions and methods that take optional arguments. It is possible to write programmer-defined functions with optional arguments, too. For example, here is a function that prints the most common words in a histogram:

def print_most_common(hist, num=10):
    t = most_common(hist)
    print('The most common words are:')
    for freq, word in t[:num]:
        print(word, freq, sep='\t')

The first parameter is required; the second is optional. The default value of num is 10.

If you only provide one argument:

print_most_common(hist)

num gets the default value. If you provide two arguments:

print_most_common(hist, 20)

num gets the value of the argument instead. In other words, the optional argument overrides the default value.

If a function has both required and optional parameters, all the required parameters have to come first, followed by the optional ones.

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