Chem 1B: General Chemistry II

by Julie Brown

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This course is designed for students who need a rigorous treatment of general chemistry at the freshman-level college or university. This course will focus on topics including but not limited to continuation of equilibrium, kinetics, electrochemistry, thermodynamics, inorganic chemistry, intermolecular forces and coordination chemistry.

Description from LibreTexts.

Publisher
Woodland Community College
Subjects
Chemistry
Licence
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, as LibreTexts states it. Non-commercial use only.
Who can read
Tweens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

LibreTexts writes equations in TeX, and here they show as TeX; the PDF has them typeset.

  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Table of Contents
  5. Licensing
  6. 1: Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces
  7. 1.1: Water in Zero Gravity
  8. 1.2: Solids, Liquids, and Gases- A Molecular Comparison
  9. 1.3: Intermolecular Forces- The Forces that Hold Condensed Phases Together
  10. 1.4: Intermolecular Forces in Action- Surface Tension, Viscosity, and Capillary Action
  11. 1.5: Vaporization and Vapor Pressure
  12. 1.6: Sublimation and Fusion
  13. 1.7: Heating Curve for Water
  14. 1.8: Phase Diagrams
  15. 1.9: Water - An Extraordinary Substance
  16. 2: Solids and Modern Materials
  17. 2.1: Discovery of Graphene
  18. 2.2: X-Ray Crystallography
  19. 2.3: Unit Cells and Basic Structures
  20. 2.4: The Fundamental Types of Crystalline Solids
  21. 2.5: The Structure of Ionic Solids
  22. 2.6: Network Covalent Atomic Solids- Carbon and Silicates
  23. 2.7: Ceramics, Cement, and Glass
  24. 2.8: Crystalline Solids- Band Theory
  25. 2.9: Polymers and Plastics
  26. 3: Solutions
  27. 3.1: Thirsty Solutions- Why You Should Not Drink Seawater
  28. 3.2: Types of Solutions and Solubility
  29. 3.3: Energetics of Solution Formation
  30. 3.4: Solution Equilibrium and Factors Affecting Solubility
  31. 3.5: Expressing Solution Concentration
  32. 3.6: Colligative Properties- Freezing Point Depression, Boiling Point Elevation, and Osmosis
  33. 3.7: The Colligative Properties of Strong Electrolyte Solutions
  34. 3.8: Colloids
  35. 3.E: Solutions (Exercises)
  36. 4: Chemical Kinetics
  37. 4.1: Catching Lizards
  38. 4.2: Rate of a Chemical Reaction
  39. 4.3: The Rate Law- The Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate
  40. 4.4: The Integrated Rate Law- The Dependence of Concentration on Time
  41. 4.5: The Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate
  42. 4.6: Reaction Mechanisms
  43. 4.7: Catalysis
  44. 5: Acids and Bases
  45. 5.1: Heartburn
  46. 5.2: The Nature of Acids and Bases
  47. 5.3: Definitions of Acids and Bases
  48. 5.4: Acid Strength and the Acid Dissociation Constant (Ka)
  49. 5.5: Autoionization of Water and pH
  50. 5.6: Finding the [H3O+] and pH of Strong and Weak Acid Solutions
  51. 5.7: Base Solutions
  52. 5.8: The Acid-Base Properties of Ions and Salts
  53. 5.9: Polyprotic Acids
  54. 5.10: Acid Strength and Molecular Structure
  55. 5.11: Lewis Acids and Bases
  56. 5.12: Acid rain
  57. 6: Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium
  58. 6.1: The Danger of Antifreeze
  59. 6.2: Buffers- Solutions That Resist pH Change
  60. 6.3: Buffer Effectiveness- Buffer Capacity and Buffer Range
  61. 6.4: Titrations and pH Curves
  62. 6.5: Solubility Equilibria and the Solubility Product Constant
  63. 6.6: Precipitation
  64. 6.7: Qualitative Chemical Analysis
  65. 6.8: Complex Ion Equilibria
  66. 6.E: Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium (Exercises)
  67. 7: Gibbs Energy and Thermodynamics
  68. 7.1: Nature’s Heat Tax- You Can’t Win and You Can’t Break Even
  69. 7.2: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Processes
  70. 7.3: Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
  71. 7.4: Entropy Changes Associated with State Changes
  72. 7.5: Heat Transfer and Changes in the Entropy of the Surroundings
  73. 7.6: Gibbs Energy
  74. 7.7: Entropy Changes in Chemical Reactions
  75. 7.8: Gibbs Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
  76. 7.9: Gibbs Energy Changers for Non-Standard States
  77. 7.10: Gibbs Energy and Equilibrium
  78. 8: Electrochemistry
  79. 8.1: Pulling the Plug on the Power Grid
  80. 8.2: Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations
  81. 8.3: Voltaic (or Galvanic) Cells- Generating Electricity from Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
  82. 8.4: Standard Reduction Potentials
  83. 8.5: Cell Potential, Gibbs Energy, and the Equilibrium Constant
  84. 8.6: Cell Potential and Concentration
  85. 8.7: Batteries- Using Chemistry to Generate Electricity
  86. 8.8: Electrolysis- Driving Non-spontaneous Chemical Reactions with Electricity
  87. 8.9: Corrosion- Undesirable Redox Reactions
  88. 9: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry
  89. 9.1: Diagnosing Appendicitis
  90. 9.2: The Discovery of Radioactivity
  91. 9.3: Types of Radioactivity
  92. 9.4: The Valley of Stability- Predicting the Type of Radioactivity
  93. 9.5: Detecting Radioactivity
  94. 9.6: The Kinetics of Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating
  95. 9.7: The Discovery of Fission- The Atomic Bomb and Nuclear Power
  96. 9.8: Converting Mass to Energy- Mass Defect and Nuclear Binding Energy
  97. 9.9: Nuclear Fusion- The Power of the Sun
  98. 9.10: Nuclear Transmutation and Transuranium Elements
  99. 9.11: The Effects of Radiation on Life
  100. 9.12: Radioactivity in Medicine and Other Applications
  101. 10: Organic Chemistry
  102. 10.1: Fragrances and Odor
  103. 10.2: Carbon- Why It Is Unique
  104. 10.3: Hydrocarbons- Compounds Containing Only Carbon and Hydrocarbon
  105. 10.4: Alkanes- Saturated Hydrocarbons
  106. 10.5: Alkenes and Alkynes
  107. 10.6: Hydrocarbon Reactions
  108. 10.7: Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  109. 10.8: Functional Groups
  110. 10.9: Alcohols
  111. 10.10: Aldehydes and Ketones
  112. 10.11: Carboxylic Acids and Esters
  113. 10.12: Ethers
  114. 10.13: Amines
  115. 11: Biochemistry
  116. 11.1: Diabetes and the Synthesis of Human Insulin
  117. 11.2: Lipids
  118. 11.3: Carbohydrates
  119. 11.4: Proteins and Amino Acids
  120. 11.5: Protein Structure
  121. 11.6: Nucleic Acids- Blueprints for Proteins
  122. 11.7: DNA Replication, the Double Helix, and Protein Synthesis
  123. 12: Chemistry of the Nonmetals
  124. 12.1: Insulated Nanowires
  125. 12.2: The Main-Group Elements- Bonding and Properties
  126. 12.3: The Most Common Matter- Silicates
  127. 12.4: Boron and Its Amazing Structures
  128. 12.5: Carbon, Carbides, and Carbonates
  129. 12.6: Nitrogen and Phosphorus- Essential Elements for Life
  130. 12.7: Oxygen
  131. 12.8: Sulfur- A Dangerous and Useful Element
  132. 12.9: Halogens- Reactive Chemicals with High Electronegativity
  133. 12.E: Chemistry of the Nonmetals (Exercises)
  134. 13: Metals and Metallurgy
  135. 13.1: Vanadium- A Problem and an Opportunity
  136. 13.2: The General Properties and Natural Distribution of Metals
  137. 13.3: Metallurgical Processes
  138. 13.4: Metal Structures and Alloys
  139. 13.5: Sources, Properties, and Products of Some of the 3d Transition Metals
  140. 14: Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds
  141. 14.1: The Colors of Rubies and Emeralds
  142. 14.2: Properties of Transition Metals
  143. 14.3: Coordination Compounds
  144. 14.4: Structure and Isomerization
  145. 14.5: Bonding in Coordinate Compounds
  146. 14.6: Applications of Coordination Compounds
  147. 14.E: Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds (Exercises)
  148. 15: Chapters
  149. Back Matter
  150. Index
  151. Glossary
  152. Detailed Licensing