CHEM U109 Chemistry of Living Things

by Chad Mueller

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The Basics of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry by David W. Ball, John W. Hill, and Rhonda J. Scott. This textbook is intended for the one-semester GOB course. (NOTE: Many edits have been made by Chad Mueller to tailor the book to his CHEM 109 course at USC - Upstate. Many thanks to Ball, Hill, and Scott for sharing their work via LibreTexts.)

Description from LibreTexts.

Publisher
University of South Carolina Upstate
Subjects
Chemistry
Licence
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, as LibreTexts states it. Non-commercial use only.
Who can read
Tweens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

LibreTexts writes equations in TeX, and here they show as TeX; the PDF has them typeset.

  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. InfoTitle
  5. Table of Contents
  6. Licensing
  7. 1: Chemistry, Matter, and Measurement
  8. 1.1: What Is Chemistry?
  9. 1.2: The Classification of Matter
  10. 1.3: Measurements
  11. 1.4: Expressing Numbers: Scientific Notation
  12. 1.5: Expressing Numbers: Significant Figures
  13. 1.6: The International System of Units
  14. 1.7: Converting Units
  15. 1.8: Chapter Summary
  16. 1.E: Exercises
  17. 2: Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table
  18. 2.1: The Elements
  19. 2.2: Atomic Theory
  20. 2.3: The Structure of Atoms
  21. 2.4: Nuclei of Atoms
  22. 2.5: Atomic Masses
  23. 2.6: Arrangements of Electrons
  24. 2.7: The Periodic Table
  25. 2.8: Chapter Summary
  26. 2.E: Exercises
  27. 3: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
  28. 3.1: Two Types of Bonding
  29. 3.2: Ions
  30. 3.3: Formulas for Ionic Compounds
  31. 3.4: Ionic Nomenclature
  32. 3.5: Formula Mass
  33. 3.6: Chapter Summary
  34. 3.E: Exercises
  35. 4: Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
  36. 4.1: Covalent Bonds
  37. 4.2: Multiple Covalent Bonds
  38. 4.3: Covalent Compounds: Formulas and Names
  39. 4.4: Characteristics of Covalent Bonds
  40. 4.5: Characteristics of Molecules
  41. 4.6: Organic Chemistry
  42. 4.7: Chapter Summary
  43. 4.E: Exercise
  44. 5: Introduction to Chemical Reactions
  45. 5.1: The Law of Conservation of Matter
  46. 5.2: Chemical Equations
  47. 5.3: Quantitative Relationships Based on Chemical Equations
  48. 5.4: Some Types of Chemical Reactions
  49. 5.5: Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions
  50. 5.6: Redox Reactions in Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
  51. 5.7: Chapter Summary
  52. 5.E: Exercises
  53. 6: Quantities in Chemical Reactions
  54. 6.1: The Mole
  55. 6.2: Atomic and Molar Masses
  56. 6.3: Mole-Mass Conversions
  57. 6.4: Mole-Mole Relationships in Chemical Reactions
  58. 6.5: Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Problems
  59. 6.6: Chapter Summary
  60. 6.E: Exercise
  61. 7: Energy and Chemical Processes
  62. 7.1: Energy and Its Units
  63. 7.2: Heat
  64. 7.3: Phase Changes
  65. 7.4: Bond Energies and Chemical Reactions
  66. 7.5: The Energy of Biochemical Reactions
  67. 7.6: Energetics and Kinetics
  68. 7.7: Equilibrium
  69. 7.8: Chapter Summary
  70. 7.E: Exercises
  71. 8: Solids, Liquids, and Gases
  72. 8.1: Intermolecular Interactions
  73. 8.2: Solids and Liquids
  74. 8.3 Gases and Pressure
  75. 8.4: Gas Laws
  76. 8.5: Chapter Summary
  77. 8.E: Exercises
  78. 9: Solutions
  79. 9.1: Solutions
  80. 9.2: Concentration
  81. 9.3: The Dissolution Process
  82. 9.4: Properties of Solutions
  83. 9.5: Chapter Summary
  84. 9.E: Exercises
  85. 10: Acids and Bases
  86. 10.1: Arrhenius Definition of Acids and Bases
  87. 10.2 Brønsted-Lowry Definition of Acids and Bases
  88. 10.3: Water - Both an Acid and a Base
  89. 10.4: The Strengths of Acids and Bases
  90. 10.5: Buffers
  91. 10.6: Chapter Summary
  92. 10.E: Exercises
  93. 11: Organic Chemistry
  94. 11.1: Organic Chemistry
  95. 11.2: Alkanes
  96. 11.3: Condensed Structural and Line-Angle Formulas
  97. 11.4: Cycloalkanes
  98. 11.5: Alkenes
  99. 11.6: IUPAC Nomenclature
  100. 11.7: Organic Compounds with Functional Groups
  101. 11.8: Physical Properties of Organic Compounds
  102. 11.9: Chemical Properties: Carboxylic Acids
  103. 11.10: Chemical Properties: Amines as Bases
  104. 11.E: Organic Chemistry (Exercises)
  105. 11.S: Organic Chemistry (Summary)
  106. 12: Carbohydrates
  107. 12.1: Carbohydrates
  108. 12.2: Classes of Monosaccharides
  109. 12.3: Important Hexoses
  110. 12.4: Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides
  111. 12.5 Properties of Monosaccharides
  112. 12.6 Disaccharides
  113. 12.7 Polysaccharides
  114. 12.8: Chapter Summary
  115. 13: Lipids
  116. 13.0: Introduction to Lipids
  117. 13.1: Fatty Acids
  118. 13.2: Fats and Oils
  119. 13.3: Membranes and Membrane Lipids
  120. 13.4: Steroids
  121. 13.5: Chapter Summary
  122. 13.E: Exercises
  123. 14: Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
  124. 14.1: Properties of Amino Acids
  125. 14.2: Reactions of Amino Acids
  126. 14.3: Peptides
  127. 14.4: Proteins
  128. 14.5: Enzymes
  129. 14.6 Enzyme Action
  130. 14.7: Enzyme Activity
  131. 14.8: Enzyme Inhibition
  132. 14.9: Enzyme Cofactors and Vitamins
  133. 14.10: Chapter Summary
  134. 14.E: Exercises
  135. 15: Nucleic Acids
  136. 15.1: Nucleotides
  137. 15.2: Nucleic Acid Structure
  138. 15.3: Replication and Expression of Genetic Information
  139. 15.4: Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code
  140. 15.5: Mutations and Genetic Diseases
  141. 15.6: Viruses
  142. 15.7: Chapter Summary
  143. 15.E: Exercises
  144. 16: Energy Metabolism
  145. 16.0: Introduction to Metabolism
  146. 16.1: ATP: the Universal Energy Currency
  147. 16.2: Stage I of Catabolism
  148. 16.3: Overview of Stage II of Catabolism
  149. 16.4: Stage III of Catabolism
  150. 16.5: Stage II of Carbohydrate Catabolism
  151. 16.6: Stage II of Lipid Catabolism
  152. 16.7: Stage II of Protein Catabolism
  153. 16.8: Chapter Summary
  154. 16.E: Exercises
  155. 17: Nuclear Chemistry
  156. 17.1: Radioactivity
  157. 17.2: Half-Life
  158. 17.3: Units of Radioactivity
  159. 17.4: Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
  160. 17.5: Nuclear Energy
  161. 17.6: Chapter Summary
  162. 17.E: Exercises
  163. 11: Organic Chemistry - Functional Groups and Properties
  164. Back Matter
  165. Index
  166. Glossary
  167. Detailed Licensing