3.E: Exercises

Multiple-Choice Questions

1.       Which atom is likely to form a cation?

a.       O

b.       Ar

c.       Br

d.       K

2.       Which is not a physical property of metals?

a.       Good conductor of heat

b.       Good insulator of electricity

c.       Malleable

d.       Ductile

3.       What is the charge on sulfate?

a.       +1

b.       0

c.       −1

d.       −2

4.       Which element is a nonmetal?

a.       Li

b.       S

c.       Ca

d.       Zn

5.       What is the correct chemical formula for the ionic compound formed between calcium and oxygen?

a.       CaO

b.       Ca₂O

c.       CaO₂

d.       Ca₂O₂

6.       What is the correct name of AlP?

a.       aluminum phosphide

b.       aluminum(III) phosphide

c.       aluminum phosphite

d.       aluminum phosphate

7.       What is the correct name of P₂O₅?

a.       phosphorus oxide

b.       diphosphorus pentoxide

c.       diphosphorus oxide

d.       phosphorus pentoxide

8.       What is the correct formula for nitrous acid?

a.       HN₃

b.       HNO

c.       HNO₂

d.       HNO₃

9.       What is the correct name of Cr₂S₃?

a.       chromium sulfide

b.       dichromium trisulfide

c.       chromium(II) sulfide

d.       chromium(III) sulfide

10.   What is the correct formula for ammonium sulfate?

a.       NH₄SO₃

b.       NH₄SO₄

c.       (NH₄)₂SO₃

d.       (NH₄)₂SO₄

 

Warm-up Problems

1.       Which of the following common biological ions are metals?

Cations: sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium

Anions: chloride, hydroxide, bicarbonate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate

2.       Which of the following common biological ions contain non-metals? Also, assign their charges.

Cations: sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium

Anions: chloride, hydroxide, bicarbonate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate

3.       Which is likely to form a cation: lithium or fluorine?

4.       Which is likely to form an anion: aluminum or oxygen?

5.       What is the formula for an ionic compound formed from Mg²⁺ and Cl⁻?

6.       What is the formula for an ionic compound formed from Na⁺ and S²⁻?

7.       Some substances can conduct electricity.  Is conductivity a physical or a chemical property? Is this property associated with metals or nonmetals?

8.       Arsenic is known to be toxic when ingested.  Is this a physical or a chemical property of arsenic?

9.       What is the most common charge on magnesium in an ionic compound?

10.   What is the most common charge on oxygen in an ionic compound?

11.   Is CCl₄ an ionic or covalent compound?

12.   Is LiF an ionic or covalent compound?

 

Problems

1.       Name the following compounds

a.       CsCl

b.       BaO

2.       Name the following compounds

a.       K₂S

b.       BeCl₂

3.        Name the following compounds

a.       HBr

b.       AlF₃

4.       Name the following compounds

a.       NaF

b.       Rb₂O

5.       Name the following compounds

a.       BCl₃

b.       H₂Se

6.       Name the following compounds

a.       P₄O₆

b.       ICl₃

7.       Write the formulas for the following compounds:

a.       chlorine dioxide

b.       dinitrogen tetroxide

c.       potassium phosphide

8.       Write the formulas for the following compounds:

a.       silver sulfide

b.       aluminum nitride

c.       silicon dioxide

9.       Write the formulas for the following compounds:

a.       barium chloride

b.       magnesium nitride

c.       sulfur dioxide

10.   Write the formulas for the following compounds:

a.       nitrogen trichloride

b.       dinitrogen trioxide

c.       tin(IV) chloride

11.   Each of the following compounds contains a metal that can exhibit more than one ionic charge. Name these compounds:

a.       Cr₂O₃

b.       FeCl₂

c.       CrO­₃

12.   Each of the following compounds contains a metal that can exhibit more than one ionic charge. Name these compounds:

a.       TiCl₄

b.       CoO

c.       MoS₂

13.   Each of the following compounds contains a metal that can exhibit more than one ionic charge. Name these compounds:

a.       NiCO₃

b.       MoO₃

c.       Co(NO₃)₂

14.   Each of the following compounds contains a metal that can exhibit more than one ionic charge. Name these compounds:

a.       V₂O₅

b.       MnO₂

c.       Fe₂O₃

15.   The following ionic compounds are found in common household products. Write the formula for each compound:

a.       potassium phosphate

b.       copper(II) sulfate

c.       calcium chloride

16.   The following ionic compounds are found in common household products. Write the formula for each compound:

a.       titanium(IV) oxide

b.       ammonium nitrate

c.       sodium hydrogen sulfate

17.   The following ionic compounds are found in common household products. Name each of the compounds:

a.       Ca(H₂PO₄)₂

b.       FeSO₄

c.       CaCO₃

18.   The following ionic compounds are found in common household products. Name each of the compounds:

a.       MgO

b.       NaNO₂

c.       KI

 

Challenge Problems

1. A binary ionic compound has the formula X₂Y₃, where X and Y are different elements.  Provide two possible chemical formulas for this compound. (revise to make this better)
2. Iron is an important mineral, and those with anemia (iron deficiency), can take supplements to treat the deficiency. A common ingredient in iron supplements is FeSO₄. What is the proper IUPAC name for this ionic compound? What are the charges on the ions?
3. Iron is an important mineral, and those with anemia (iron deficiency), can take supplements to treat the deficiency. One possible ingredient in iron supplements is Fe₂(SO₄)₃. What is the proper IUPAC name for this ionic compound? What are the charges on the ions?

 

Health-Related Problems

1. Kidney stones are a mixture of various materials including calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate, among other species. What are the molecular formulas for these two species and are they ionic or covalent? Oxalate is a C₂O₄^2- dianion that is high in some foods such as spinach. Most people can eat high oxalate foods with no problem, but those who have a high predisposition to form kidney stones might want to avoid those foods.
2. Iron supplements for those with anemia (iron deficiency) often contain a compound called “ferrous sulfate”. “Ferrous” is an old term for iron(II). What is the molecular formula for ferrous sulfate?

---