The Live Textbook of Physical Chemistry I

by Roberto Peverati

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This text explores the the fundamental principles of chemical phenomena including thermodynamics, equilibria and states of matter, and chemical kinetics.

Description from LibreTexts.

Publisher
Florida Institute of Technology
Subjects
Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Textbook Maps
Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0, as LibreTexts states it
Who can read
Tweens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

LibreTexts writes equations in TeX, and here they show as TeX; the PDF has them typeset.

  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Table of Contents
  5. Licensing
  6. Preface
  7. 1: Systems and Variables
  8. 1.1: Thermodynamic Systems
  9. 1.2: Thermodynamic Variables
  10. 2: Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
  11. 2.1: What is Thermodynamics?
  12. 2.2: The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
  13. 2.3: Calculation of Heat
  14. 2.4: Calculation of Work
  15. 3: First Law of Thermodynamics
  16. 3.1: Calculation of Internal Energy Changes
  17. 3.2: The First Law of Thermodynamics
  18. 3.3: Reversible and Irreversible Processes
  19. 4: Thermochemistry
  20. 4.1: Reaction Enthalpies
  21. 4.2: Standard Enthalpies of Formation
  22. 4.3: Hess's Law
  23. 4.4: Calculations of Enthalpies of Reaction at T ≠ 298 K
  24. 5: Thermodynamic Cycles
  25. 5.1: Carnot Cycle
  26. 5.2: Energy, Heat, and Work in the Carnot Cycle
  27. 5.3: Efficiency of a Carnot Cycle
  28. 6: Second Law of Thermodynamics
  29. 6.1: Entropy
  30. 6.2: Irreversible Cycles
  31. 6.3: The Second Law of Thermodynamics
  32. 7: Calculation of Entropy and the Third Law of Thermodynamics
  33. 7.1: Calculation of ΔSsys
  34. 7.2: Calculation of ΔSsurr
  35. 7.3: Clausius Theorem
  36. 7.4: The Third Law of Thermodynamics
  37. 8: Thermodynamic Potentials
  38. 8.1: Fundamental Equation of Thermodynamics
  39. 8.2: Thermodynamic Potentials
  40. 8.3: Free Energies
  41. 8.4: Maxwell Relations
  42. 9: Gibbs Free Energy
  43. 9.1: Gibbs Equation
  44. 9.2: Temperature Dependence of ΔG
  45. 9.3: Pressure Dependence of ΔG
  46. 9.4: Composition Dependence of ΔG
  47. 10: Chemical Equilibrium
  48. 10.1: Reaction Quotient and Equilibrium Constant
  49. 10.2: Temperature Dependence of Keq
  50. 10.3: Pressure and Composition Dependence of Keq
  51. 11: Ideal and Non-Ideal Gases
  52. 11.1: The Ideal Gas Equation
  53. 11.2: Behaviors of Non-Ideal Gases
  54. 11.3: Critical Phenomena
  55. 11.4: Fugacity
  56. 12: Phase Equilibrium
  57. 12.1: Phase Stability
  58. 12.2: Gibbs Phase Rule
  59. 12.3: PT Phase Diagrams
  60. 12.4: The Clausius-Clapeyron Equation
  61. 13: Multi-Component Phase Diagrams
  62. 13.1: Raoult’s Law and Phase Diagrams of Ideal Solutions
  63. 13.2: Phase Diagrams of Non-Ideal Solutions
  64. 13.3: Phase Diagrams of 2-Components/2-Condensed Phases Systems
  65. 14: Properties of Solutions
  66. 14.1: Activity
  67. 14.2: Colligative Properties
  68. 15: Chemical Kinetics
  69. 15.1: Differential and integrated rate laws
  70. 15.2: Complex Rate Laws
  71. 15.3: Experimental Methods for Determination of Reaction Orders
  72. 15.4: Temperature Dependence of the Rate Coefficients
  73. 16: The Motivation for Quantum Mechanics
  74. 16.1: Introduction
  75. 16.2: Quantum Mechanics is Bizarre
  76. 16.3: The Ultraviolet Catastrophe
  77. 16.4: The Photoelectric Effect
  78. 16.5: Wave-Particle Duality
  79. 17: Classical Mechanics
  80. 17.1: Newtonian Formulation
  81. 17.2: Lagrangian Formulation
  82. 17.3: Hamiltonian Mechanics
  83. 18: The Schrödinger Equation
  84. 18.1: The Time-Independent Schrödinger Equation
  85. 18.2: The Time-Dependent Schrödinger Equation
  86. 19: Analytically Soluble Models
  87. 19.1: The Free Particles
  88. 19.2: The Particle in a Box
  89. 19.3: The Harmonic Oscillator
  90. 19.4: The Rigid Rotor
  91. 20: The Hydrogen Atom
  92. 21: Operators and Mathematical Background
  93. 21.1: Operators in Quantum Mechanics
  94. 21.2: Eigenfunctions and Eigenvalues
  95. 21.3: Common Operators in Quantum Mechanics
  96. 22: Spin
  97. 22.1: Stern-Gerlach Experiment
  98. 22.2: Sequential Stern-Gerlach Experiments
  99. 22.3: Spin Operators
  100. 23: Postulates of Quantum Mechanics
  101. 23.1: Postulate 1- The Wave Function Postulate
  102. 23.2: Postulate 2- Experimental Observables
  103. 23.3: Postulate 3- Individual Measurements
  104. 23.4: Postulate 4- Expectation Values and Collapse of the Wavefunction
  105. 23.5: Postulate 5- Time Evolution
  106. 23.6: Postulate 6- Pauli Exclusion Principle
  107. 24: Quantum Weirdness
  108. 24.1: The Double-slit Experiment
  109. 24.2: Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle
  110. 24.3: Tunneling
  111. 25: Many-Electron Atoms
  112. 25.1: Many-Electron Wave Functions
  113. 25.2: Approximated Hamiltonians
  114. 26: Introduction to Molecules
  115. 26.1: The Molecular Hamiltonian
  116. 26.2: The Born-Oppenheimer Approximation
  117. 26.3: Solving the Electronic Eigenvalue Problem
  118. 27: The Chemical Bond in Diatomic Molecules
  119. 27.1: The Chemical Bond in the Hydrogen Molecular Cation
  120. 27.2: The Chemical Bond in the Hydrogen Molecule
  121. 28: The Chemical Bond in Polyatomic Molecules
  122. 28.1: The Chemical Bond in the Water Molecule Using a Minimal Basis
  123. 28.2: Hartree-Fock Calculation for Water
  124. 28.3: Shapes and Energies of Molecular Orbitals
  125. 29: Spectroscopy
  126. 29.1: Rotational Spectroscopy
  127. 29.2: Vibrational Spectroscopy
  128. 29.3: Electronic Spectroscopy
  129. 30: Appendix
  130. 30.1: Thermodynamic Data of Inorganic Substances at 298 K
  131. 30.2: Thermodynamic Data of Organic Substances at 298 K
  132. Back Matter
  133. Index
  134. Glossary
  135. Detailed Licensing