Map: General Chemistry: Principles, Patterns, and Applications (Averill)

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Contents

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  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Table of Contents
  5. Licensing
  6. 1: Introduction to Chemistry
  7. 1.1: Introduction
  8. 1.2: Chemistry in the Modern World
  9. 1.3: The Scientific Method
  10. 1.4: A Description of Matter
  11. 1.5: A Brief History of Chemistry
  12. 1.6: The Atom
  13. 1.7: Isotopes and Atomic Masses
  14. 1.8: Introduction to the Periodic Table
  15. 1.9: Essential Elements for Life
  16. 1.10: Essential Skills 1
  17. 2: Molecules, Ions, and Chemical Formulas
  18. 2.1: Chemical Compounds
  19. 2.2: Chemical Formulas
  20. 2.3: Naming Ionic Compounds
  21. 2.4: Naming Covalent Compounds
  22. 2.5: Acids and Bases
  23. 2.6: Industrially Important Chemicals
  24. 3: Chemical Reactions
  25. 3.1: The Mole and Molar Masses
  26. 3.2: Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas
  27. 3.3: Chemical Equations
  28. 3.4: Mass Relationships in Chemical Equations
  29. 3.5: Types of Chemical Reactions
  30. 3.6: Chemical Reactions in the Atmosphere
  31. 3.7: Essential Skills 2
  32. 4: Reactions in Aqueous Solution
  33. 4.1: Aqueous Solutions
  34. 4.2: Solution Concentrations
  35. 4.3: Stoichiometry of Reactions in Solution
  36. 4.4: Ionic Equations
  37. 4.5: Precipitation Reactions
  38. 4.6: Acids and Bases
  39. 4.7: Acid Base Reactions
  40. 4.8: The Chemistry of Acid Rain
  41. 4.9: Quantitative Analysis Using Titration
  42. 4.10: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
  43. 4.11: Essential Skills 3
  44. 5: Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
  45. 5.1: Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
  46. 5.2: Enthalpy and Reactions
  47. 5.3: Hess's Law
  48. 5.4: Heats of Formation
  49. 5.5: Enthalpies of Solution
  50. 5.6: Calorimetry
  51. 5.7: Thermochemistry and Nutrition
  52. 5.8: Energy Sources and the Environment
  53. 5.9: Essential Skills 4
  54. 6: The Structure of Atoms
  55. 6.1: Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation
  56. 6.2: Quantization of Energy
  57. 6.3: Atomic Spectra and Models of the Atom
  58. 6.4: Wave - Particle Duality
  59. 6.5: Atomic Orbitals and Their Energies
  60. 6.6: Building Up The Periodic Table
  61. 6.7: Electronic Structure of the Transition Metals
  62. 7: The Periodic Table and Periodic Trends
  63. 7.1: The History of the Periodic Table
  64. 7.2: Sizes of Atoms and Ions
  65. 7.3: The Chemical Families
  66. 7.4: Trace Elements in Biological Systems
  67. 8: Ionic versus Covalent Bonding
  68. 8.1: What is a Chemical Bond?
  69. 8.2: Ionic Bonding
  70. 8.3: Lattice Energies in Ionic Solids
  71. 8.4: Lewis Electron Dot Symbols
  72. 8.5: Lewis Structures
  73. 8.6: Exceptions to the Octet Rule
  74. 8.7: Lewis Acids and Bases
  75. 8.8: Properties of Covalent Bonds
  76. 8.9: Properties of Polar Covalent Bonds
  77. 8.10: Metallic Bonding
  78. 8.11: Molecular Representations
  79. 9: Molecular Geometry and Covalent Bonding Models
  80. 9.1: Molecular Geometry
  81. 9.2: VSEPR - Molecular Geometry
  82. 9.3: Hybrid Orbitals
  83. 9.4: Delocalized Bonding and Molecular Orbitals
  84. 9.5: Polyatomic Systems, Multiple Bonds, Resonance
  85. 10: Gases
  86. 10.1: Gaseous Elements and Compounds
  87. 10.2: Gas Pressure
  88. 10.3: The Ideal Gas Law
  89. 10.4: The Combined Gas Law
  90. 10.5: Gas Mixtures
  91. 10.6: Stoichiometry Involving Gases
  92. 10.7: The Kinetic Theory of Gases
  93. 10.8: Real Gases
  94. 10.9: Essential Skills 5
  95. 11: Fluids
  96. 11.1: Introduction
  97. 11.2: Intermolecular forces
  98. 11.3: Unique Properties of Liquids
  99. 11.4: Vapor Pressure
  100. 11.5: Changes of State
  101. 11.6: Critical Temperature and Pressure
  102. 11.7: Phase Diagrams
  103. 11.8: Liquid Crystals
  104. 11.9: Essential Skills 6
  105. 12: Solids
  106. 12.1: Crystalline and Amorphous Solids
  107. 12.2: The Arrangement of Atoms in Crystalline Solids
  108. 12.3: Structures of Simple Binary Compounds
  109. 12.4: Defects in Crystals
  110. 12.5: Bonding and Properties of Solids
  111. 12.6: Metals and Semiconductors
  112. 12.7: Superconductors
  113. 12.8: Polymers
  114. 12.9: Modern Materials
  115. 13: Solutions
  116. 13.1: Factors Affecting Solution Formation
  117. 13.2: Solubility and Molecular Structure
  118. 13.3: Units of Concentration
  119. 13.4: Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility
  120. 13.5: Colligative Properties of Solutions
  121. 13.6: Aggregate Particles
  122. 13.7: Aggregate Particles in Aqueous Solution
  123. 14: Chemical Kinetics
  124. 14.1: Preview to Chemical Equilibria
  125. 14.2: Factors that Affect Reaction Rates
  126. 14.3: Reaction Rates and Rate Laws
  127. 14.4: Methods of Determining Reaction Order
  128. 14.5: Using Graphs to Determine Rate Laws, Rate Constants and Reaction Orders
  129. 14.6: Half Lives and Radioactive Decay Kinetics
  130. 14.7: Reaction Rates - A Microscopic View
  131. 14.8: The Collision Model of Chemical Kinetics
  132. 14.9: Catalysis
  133. 15: Chemical Equilibrium
  134. 15.1: The Concept of Chemical Equilibrium
  135. 15.2: The Equilibrium Constant
  136. 15.3: Solving Equilibrium Problems
  137. 15.4: Non-equilibrium Conditions
  138. 15.5: Factors That Affect Equilibrium
  139. 15.6: Controlling the Products of Reactions
  140. 15.7: Essential Skills 7
  141. 16: Aqueous Acid–Base Equilibriums
  142. 16.1: The Autoionization of Water
  143. 16.2: A Qualitative Description of Acid-Base Equilibria
  144. 16.3: Molecular Structure and Acid-Base Strength
  145. 16.4: Quantitative Aspects of Acid-Base Equilibria
  146. 16.5: Acid-Base Titrations
  147. 16.6: Buffers
  148. 17: Solubility and Complexation Equilibria
  149. 17.1: Introduction
  150. 17.2: Determining the Solubility of Ionic Compounds
  151. 17.3: Factors That Affect Solubility
  152. 17.4: The Formation of Complex Ions
  153. 17.5: Solubility and pH
  154. 17.6: Qualitative Analysis Using Selective Precipitation
  155. 18: Chemical Thermodynamics
  156. 18.1: Thermodynamics and Work
  157. 18.2: The First Law of Thermodynamics
  158. 18.3: The Second Law of Thermodynamics
  159. 18.4: Entropy Changes and the Third Law of Thermodynamics
  160. 18.5: Free Energy
  161. 18.6: Spontaneity and Equilibrium
  162. 18.7: Comparing Thermodynamics and Kinetics
  163. 18.8: Thermodynamics and Life
  164. 19: Electrochemistry
  165. 19.1: Introduction
  166. 19.2: Describing Electrochemical Cells
  167. 19.3: Standard Potentials
  168. 19.4: Comparing Strengths of Oxidants and Reductants
  169. 19.5: Electrochemical Cells and Thermodynamics
  170. 19.6: Commercial Galvanic Cells
  171. 19.7: Corrosion
  172. 19.8: Electrolysis
  173. 20: Periodic Trends and the s-Block Elements
  174. 20.1: Introduction
  175. 20.2: Overview of Periodic Trends
  176. 20.3: The Chemistry of Hydrogen
  177. 20.4: The Alkali Metals (Group 1)
  178. 20.5: The Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2)
  179. 20.6: The s-Block Elements in Biology
  180. 20.E: Periodic Trends and the s-Block Elements (Exercises)
  181. 21: The p-Block Elements
  182. 21.1: The Elements of Group 13
  183. 21.2: The Elements of Group 14
  184. 21.3: The Elements of Group 15 (The Pnicogens)
  185. 21.4: The Elements of Group 16 (The Chalcogens)
  186. 21.5: The Elements of Group 17 (The Halogens)
  187. 21.6: The Elements of Group 18 (The Noble Gases)
  188. 21.E: The p-Block Elements (Exercises)
  189. 22: The d-Block Elements
  190. 22.1: General Trends among the Transition Metals
  191. 22.2: A Brief Survey of Transition-Metal Chemistry
  192. 22.3: Metallurgy
  193. 22.4: Coordination Compounds
  194. 22.5: Crystal Field Theory
  195. 22.6: Transition Metals in Biology
  196. 23: Organic Compounds
  197. 23.1: Organic Compounds
  198. 23.2: Functional Groups and Classes of Organic Compounds
  199. 23.3: Isomers of Organic Compounds
  200. 23.4: Reactivity of Organic Molecules
  201. 23.5: Common Classes of Organic Reactions
  202. 23.6: Common Classes of Organic Compounds
  203. 23.7: The Molecules of Life
  204. 24: Nuclear Chemistry
  205. 24.1: Introduction
  206. 24.2: The Components of the Nucleus
  207. 24.3: Nuclear Reactions
  208. 24.4: The Interaction of Nuclear Radiation with Matter
  209. 24.5: Thermodynamic Stability of the Atomic Nucleus
  210. 24.6: Applied Nuclear Chemistry
  211. 24.7: The Origin of the Elements
  212. 24.E: Nuclear Chemistry (Exercises)
  213. Back Matter
  214. Index
  215. Glossary
  216. Detailed Licensing