A Notebook for Topics in Thermodynamics of Solutions and Liquid Mixtures

by Michael J Blandamer & Joao Carlos R Reis

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Over three hundred Topics in Thermodynamics (which can addressed individually) describe the thermodynamic properties of aqueous solutions and aqueous mixtures. The Gibbs energies of these systems are discussed leading through successive differential operations to enthalpies, volumes, heat capacities, compressibilities (isobaric and isentropic) and expansibilities.

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Publisher
University of Leicester & Faculdade de Ciencias
Subjects
Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Textbook Maps
Licence
Public domain, as LibreTexts states it
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Tweens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

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  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Table of Contents
  5. Licensing
  6. Preface
  7. Modules
  8. 1.1: Activity
  9. 1.1.1: Acid Dissociation Constants- Weak Acids- Debye-Huckel Limiting Law
  10. 1.1.2: Acquisitive Convention
  11. 1.1.3: Activity- Solutions and Liquid Mixtures
  12. 1.1.4: Activity of Aqueous Solutions
  13. 1.1.5: Activity of Solvents
  14. 1.1.6: Activity of Solvents- Classic Analysis
  15. 1.1.7: Activity of Water - Foods
  16. 1.1.8: Activity of Water - One Solute
  17. 1.1.9: Activity of Water - Two Solutes
  18. 1.1.10: Activity Coefficient- Two Neutral Solutes- Solute + Trace Solute i
  19. 1.1.11: Activity Coefficients
  20. 1.1.12: Activity Coefficients- Salt Solutions- Ion-Ion Interactions
  21. 1.1.13: Activity of Water - Salt Solutions
  22. 1.2: Affinity for Spontaneous Chemical Reaction
  23. 1.2.1: Affinity for Spontaneous Chemical Reaction
  24. 1.2.2: Affinity for Spontaneous Reaction- Chemical Potentials
  25. 1.2.3: Affinity for Spontaneous Chemical Reaction- Phase Equilibria
  26. 1.2.4: Affinity for Spontaneous Reaction- General Differential
  27. 1.2.5: Affinity for Spontaneous Reaction- Dependence on Temperature
  28. 1.2.6: Affinity for Spontaneous Reaction - Dependence on Pressure
  29. 1.2.7: Affinity for Spontaneous Reaction - Stability
  30. 1.2.8: Affinity for Spontaneous Chemical Reaction - Law of Mass Action
  31. 1.2.9: Affinity for Spontaneous Chemical Reaction - Isochoric Condition and Controversy
  32. 1.3: Calorimeter
  33. 1.3.1: Calorimeter- Isobaric
  34. 1.3.2: Calorimetry- Isobaric- General Operation
  35. 1.3.3: Calorimetry- Solutions- Isobaric
  36. 1.3.4: Calorimetry- Solutions- Adiabatic
  37. 1.3.5: Calorimetry- Solutions - Heat Flow
  38. 1.3.6: Calorimetry - Titration Microcalorimetry
  39. 1.3.7: Calorimeter- Titration Microcalorimetry- Enzyme-Substrate Interaction
  40. 1.3.8: Calorimetry- Titration Microcalorimetry- Micelle Deaggregation
  41. 1.3.9: Calorimetry- Scanning
  42. 1.3.10: Calorimetry- Solutions- Flow Microcalorimetry
  43. 1.4: Chemical Equilibria
  44. 1.4.1: Chemical Equilibria- Solutions
  45. 1.4.2: Chemical Equilibria- Solutions- Derived Thermodynamic Parameters
  46. 1.4.3: Chemical Equilibria- Solutions- Simple Solutes
  47. 1.4.4: Chemical Equilibria- Solutions- Ion Association
  48. 1.4.5: Chemical Equilibria- Solutions- Sparingly Soluble Salt
  49. 1.4.6: Chemical Equilibria- Cratic and Unitary Quantities
  50. 1.4.7: Chemical Equilibria- Composition- Temperature and Pressure Dependence
  51. 1.4.8: Chemical Equilibrium Constants- Dependence on Temperature at Fixed Pressure
  52. 1.4.9: Chemical Equilibria- Dependence on Pressure at Fixed Temperature
  53. 1.5: Chemical Potentials
  54. 1.5.1: Chemical Potentials, Composition and the Gas Constant
  55. 1.5.2: Chemical Potentials- Gases
  56. 1.5.3: Chemical Potentials- Solutions- General Properties
  57. 1.5.4: Chemical Potentials- Solutions- Composition
  58. 1.5.5: Chemical Potentials- Solutions- Partial Molar Properties
  59. 1.5.6: Chemical Potentials- Liquid Mixtures- Raoult's Law
  60. 1.5.7: Chemical Potentials- Solutions- Raoult's Law
  61. 1.5.8: Chemical Potentials- Solutions- Osmotic Coefficient
  62. 1.5.9: Chemical Potentials; Excess; Aqueous Solution
  63. 1.5.10: Chemical Potentials- Solutions- Henry's Law
  64. 1.5.11: Chemical Potentials- Solutes
  65. 1.5.12: Chemical Potentials- Solute; Molality Scale
  66. 1.5.13: Chemical Potentials- Solutes- Mole Fraction Scale
  67. 1.5.14: Chemical Potentials; Solute; Concentration Scale
  68. 1.5.15: Chemical Potentials- Solute- Concentration and Molality Scales
  69. 1.5.16: Chemical Potentials- Solute- Molality and Mole Fraction Scales
  70. 1.5.17: Chemical Potentials- Solutions- Salts
  71. 1.5.18: Chemical Potentials- Solutions- 1-1 Salts
  72. 1.5.19: Chemical Potentials- Solutions- Salt Hydrates in Aqueous Solution
  73. 1.5.20: Chemical Potentials- Salt Solutions- Ion-Ion Interactions
  74. 1.5.21: Chemical Potentials- Salt Solutions- Debye-Huckel Equation
  75. 1.6: Composition
  76. 1.6.1: Composition- Mole Fraction- Molality- Concentration
  77. 1.6.2: Composition- Scale Conversions- Molality
  78. 1.6.3: Composition- Scale Conversion- Solvent Mixtures
  79. 1.7: Compressions
  80. 1.7.1: Compressions and Expansions- Liquids
  81. 1.7.2: Compressibilities (Isothermal) and Chemical Potentials- Liquids
  82. 1.7.3: Compressions- Isentropic- Solutions- General Comments
  83. 1.7.4: Compressibilities- Isentropic- Related Properties
  84. 1.7.5: Compressions- Isentropic- Solutions- Partial and Apparent Molar
  85. 1.7.6: Compressions- Isentropic- Neutral Solutes
  86. 1.7.7: Compressions- Isentropic- Salt Solutions
  87. 1.7.8: Compresssions- Isentropic- Aqueous Solution
  88. 1.7.9: Compressions- Isentropic and Isothermal- Solutions- Approximate Limiting Estimates
  89. 1.7.10: Compressions- Desnoyers - Philip Equation
  90. 1.7.11: Compression- Isentropic- Apparent Molar Volume
  91. 1.7.12: Compressions- Isentropic- Binary Liquid Mixtures
  92. 1.7.13: Compressions- Isothermal- Equilibrium and Frozen
  93. 1.7.14: Compressions- Ratio- Isentropic and Isothermal
  94. 1.7.15: Compression- Isentropic and Isothermal- Solutions- Limiting Estimates
  95. 1.7.16: Compressions- Isentropic and Isothermal- Apparent Molar Volume
  96. 1.7.17: Compressions- Isothermal- Solutes- Partial Molar Compressions
  97. 1.7.18: Compressions- Isothermal- Apparent Molar Compression
  98. 1.7.19: Compressions- Isothermal- Solutions- Apparent Molar- Determination
  99. 1.7.20: Compressions- Isothermal- Salt Solutions
  100. 1.7.21: Compressions- Isothermal- Binary Aqueous Mixtures
  101. 1.7.22: Compressions- Isothermal- Liquid Mixtures Binary- Compressibilities
  102. 1.8: Enthalpy
  103. 1.8.1: Enthalpies and Gibbs Energies
  104. 1.8.2: Enthalpy
  105. 1.8.3: Enthalpy- Thermodynamic Potential
  106. 1.8.4: Enthalpy- Solutions- Partial Molar Enthalpies
  107. 1.8.5: Enthalpies- Solutions- Equilibrium and Frozen Partial Molar Enthalpies
  108. 1.8.6: Enthalpies- Neutral Solutes
  109. 1.8.7: Enthalpies- Solutions- Dilution- Simple Solutes
  110. 1.8.8: Enthalpies- Solutions- Simple Solutes- Interaction Parameters
  111. 1.8.9: Enthalpies- Salt Solutions- Apparent Molar- Partial Molar and Relative Enthalpies
  112. 1.8.10: Enthalpy of Solutions- Salts
  113. 1.8.11: Enthalpies- Salt Solutions- Dilution
  114. 1.8.12: Enthalpies- Born-Bjerrum Equation- Salt Solutions
  115. 1.8.13: Enthalpies- Liquid Mixtures
  116. 1.9: Entropy
  117. 1.9.1: Entropy - Second Law of Thermodynamics
  118. 1.9.2: Entropy- Dependence on Temperature and Pressure
  119. 1.9.3: Entropy and Spontaneous Reaction
  120. 1.9.4: Entropy- Dependence on Temperature
  121. 1.9.5: Entropies- Solutions- Limiting Partial Molar Entropies
  122. 1.9.6: Entropies- Liquid Mixtures
  123. 1.10: Gibbs Energies
  124. 1.10.1: Gibbs Energy
  125. 1.10.2: Gibbs Energy- Thermodynamic Potential
  126. 1.10.3: Gibbs Energies- Solutions- Solvent and Solute
  127. 1.10.4: Gibbs Energies- Equilibrium and Spontaneous Change
  128. 1.10.5: Gibbs Energies- Raoult's Law
  129. 1.10.6: Gibbs Energies- Solutions- Pairwise Solute Interaction Parameters
  130. 1.10.7: Gibbs Energies- Solutions- Parameters Phi and ln(gamma)
  131. 1.10.8: Gibbs Energies- Solutions- Solute-Solute Interactions
  132. 1.10.9: Gibbs Energies- Solutes- Cospheres
  133. 1.10.10: Gibbs Energies- Solutions- Cosphere-Cosphere Interactions
  134. 1.10.11: Gibbs Energies- Solutions- Solute-Solute Interactions- Pairwise
  135. 1.10.12: Gibbs Energies- Solutions- Two Neutral Solutes
  136. 1.10.13: Gibbs Energies- Solutions- Hydrates in Aqueous Solution
  137. 1.10.14: Gibbs Energies- Salt Hydrates
  138. 1.10.15: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- Electric Neutrality
  139. 1.10.16: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- Born Equation
  140. 1.10.17: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- Lattice Models
  141. 1.10.18: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- Debye-Huckel Equation
  142. 1.10.19: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- Debye-Huckel Limiting Law
  143. 1.10.20: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- DHLL- Derived Parameters
  144. 1.10.21: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- DHLL- Empirical Modifications
  145. 1.10.22: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- Solvent
  146. 1.10.23: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- Excess Gibbs Energies
  147. 1.10.24: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- Pitzer's Equations
  148. 1.10.25: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- Cosphere - Cosphere Interactions
  149. 1.10.26: Gibbs Energies- Binary Liquid Mixtures
  150. 1.10.27: Gibbs Energies- Binary Liquid Mixtures- General Properties
  151. 1.10.28: Gibbs Energies- Liquid Mixtures- Thermodynamic Patterns
  152. 1.10.29: Gibbs Energies- Binary Liquid Mixtures- Excess Thermodynamic Variables
  153. 1.10.30: Gibbs Energies- General Equations
  154. 1.10.31: Gibbs Energies- Liquid Mixtures- Ideal
  155. 1.10.32: Gibbs Energies- Liquid Mixtures- Typically Aqueous (TA)
  156. 1.10.33: Gibbs Energies- Liquid Mixtures- Typically Non-Aqueous Positive; TNAP
  157. 1.10.34: Gibbs Energies- Liquid Mixtures- Typically Non-Aqueous Negative; TNAN
  158. 1.10.35: Gibbs Energies- Liquid Mixtures- Immiscibility
  159. 1.10.36: Gibbs Energies- Salt Solutions- Aqueous Mixtures
  160. 1.11: Gibbs-Duhem Equation
  161. 1.11.1: Gibbs-Duhem Equation
  162. 1.11.2: Gibbs-Duhem Equation- Salt Solutions- Osmotic and Activity Coefficients
  163. 1.11.3: Gibbs-Duhem Equation- Solvent and Solutes- Aqueous Solutions
  164. 1.11.4: Gibbs-Duhem Equation- Aqueous Salt Solutions- Salt and Solvent- Debye-Huckel Limiting Law
  165. 1.12: Expansions
  166. 1.12.1: Heat Capacities- Isobaric- Solutions
  167. 1.12.2: Heat Capacity- Isobaric- Partial Molar- Solution
  168. 1.12.3: Heat Capacities- Isobaric and Isochoric
  169. 1.12.4: Heat Capacities- Isobaric- Equilibrium and Frozen
  170. 1.12.5: Heat Capacity- Isobaric- Solutions- Excess
  171. 1.12.6: Heat Capacities- Isobaric- Dependence on Temperature
  172. 1.12.7: Expansions- Isobaric and Isentropic
  173. 1.12.8: Expansions- Solutions- Isobaric- Partial and Apparent Molar
  174. 1.12.9: Expansions- Apparent Molar Isobaric- Composition Dependence
  175. 1.12.10: Expansions- Solutions Apparent Molar Isobaric Expansions- Determination
  176. 1.12.11: Expansions- Isobaric- Apparent Molar- Neutral Solutes
  177. 1.12.12: Expansions- Isobaric- Salt Solutions- Apparent Molar
  178. 1.12.13: Expansions- Isobaric- Binary Liquid Mixtures
  179. 1.12.14: Expansibilities- Isobaric- Binary Liquid Mixtures
  180. 1.12.15: Expansions- Isentropic- Solutions
  181. 1.12.16: Expansions- Solutions- Apparent Molar Isentropic and Isobaric
  182. 1.12.17: Expansions- Isentropic- Solutions- Apparent and Partial Molar
  183. 1.12.18: Expansions- Solutions- Isentropic Dependence of Apparent Molar Volume of Solute on Temperature and Pressure
  184. 1.12.19: Expansions- Solutions- Isentropic Dependence of Partial Molar Volume on Temperature
  185. 1.12.20: Expansions- Isentropic- Liquid Mixtures
  186. 1.12.21: Expansions- Solutions- Partial Molar Isobaric and Isentropic
  187. 1.12.22: Expansions and Compressions- Solutions- Isentropic Dependence of Volume on Temperature and Pressure
  188. 1.12.23: Expansions- The Difference
  189. 1.12.24: Expansions- Equations
  190. 1.13: Equilibrium
  191. 1.13.1: Equilibrium and Frozen Properties
  192. 1.13.2: Equilibrium- Isochoric and Isobaric Paramenters
  193. 1.13.3: Equilibirium- Solid-Liquid
  194. 1.13.4: Equilibrium- Liquid-Solid- Schroeder - van Laar Equation
  195. 1.13.5: Equilibrium - Eutectics
  196. 1.13.6: Equilibrium - Depression of Freezing Point of a Solvent by a Solute
  197. 1.13.7: Equilibrium - Liquid-Solids - Hildebrand Rules
  198. 1.14: Excess and Extra Thermodynamics
  199. 1.14.10: Extrathermodynamics - Solvent Effects in Chemical Kinetics
  200. 1.14.1: "Excess" Thermodynamic Properties
  201. 1.14.2: Excess Thermodynamic Properties - Liquid Mixtures
  202. 1.14.3: Excess Thermodynamic Properties- Aqueous Solutions
  203. 1.14.4: Extensive and Intensive Variables
  204. 1.14.5: Extent of Reaction
  205. 1.14.6: Extent of Reaction - General
  206. 1.14.7: Extrathermodynamics - Background
  207. 1.14.8: Extrathermodynamics - Equilbrium - Acid Strength
  208. 1.14.9: Extrathermodynamics - Solvent Polarity
  209. 1.15: Heat Capacities
  210. 1.15.1: Heat Capacities: Isobaric: Neutral Solutes
  211. 1.15.2: Heat Capacities: Solutions: Solutes: Interaction Parameters
  212. 1.15.3: Heat Capacities: Isobaric: Solutions: Unit Volume
  213. 1.15.4: Heat Capacities: Isobaric: Salt Solutions
  214. 1.15.5: Heat Capacities: Isochoric: Liquid Mixtures: Ideal
  215. 1.16: Ion Interactions
  216. 1.16.1: Ion Association
  217. 1.16.2: Ionic Mobilities: Aqueous Solutions
  218. 1.16.3: Ionic Strength: Ional Concentration
  219. 1.16.4: Ion-Water Interactions
  220. 1.17: Isentropic and Iso-Variables
  221. 1.17.1: Isentropic
  222. 1.17.2: Isentropic Thermal Pressure Coefficient
  223. 1.17.3: Iso-Variables
  224. 1.17.4: Isochoric Properties
  225. 1.17.5: Isochoric Thermal Pressure Coefficient
  226. 1.17.6: Isotonic Method; Isopiestic Method
  227. 1.17.7: Isopiestic: Aqueous Salt Solutions
  228. 1.18: Liquid Mixtures
  229. 1.18.1: Liquid Mixtures: Regular Mixtures
  230. 1.18.2: Liquid Mixtures: General Equations
  231. 1.18.3: Liquid Mixtures: Series Functions for Activity Coefficients
  232. 1.18.4: Liquid Mixtures: Binary: Less Common Properties
  233. 1.18.5: Liquid Mixtures: Binary: Pseudo-Excess Properties
  234. 1.19: Perfect and Real Gases
  235. 1.19.1: Perfect and Real Gases
  236. 1.19.2: Perfect Gas: The Gas Constant
  237. 1.19.3: Real Gases: Liquefaction of Gases
  238. 1.20: Surfactants
  239. 1.20.1: Surface Phase: Gibbs Adsorption Isotherm
  240. 1.20.2: Surfactants and Micelles
  241. 1.20.3: Surfactants and Micelles: Non-Ionics
  242. 1.20.4: Surfactants and Miceles: Ionics
  243. 1.20.5: Surfactants and Micelles: Mixed
  244. 1.21: Thermodynamics
  245. 1.21.1: Thermodynamics and Mathematics
  246. 1.21.2: Thermodynamic Energy
  247. 1.21.3: Thermodynamic Energy: Potential Function
  248. 1.21.4: Thermodynamic Potentials
  249. 1.21.5: Thermodynamic Stability: Chemical Equilibria
  250. 1.21.6: Thermodynamic Stability: Thermal, Diffusional and Hydrostatic
  251. 1.21.7: Thermodynamics and Kinetics
  252. 1.21.8: Third Law of Thermodynamics
  253. 1.22: Volume
  254. 1.22.10: Volume: Aqueous Binary Liquid Mixtures
  255. 1.22.11: Volumes: Liquid Mixtures: Binary: Method of Tangents
  256. 1.22.12: Volume of Reaction: Dependence on Pressure
  257. 1.22.1: Volume: Partial Molar: General Analysis
  258. 1.22.2: Volume: Components
  259. 1.22.3: Volume: Partial and Apparent Molar
  260. 1.22.4: Volume: Partial Molar: Frozen and Equilibrium
  261. 1.22.5: Volumes: Solutions: Apparent and Partial Molar Volumes: Determination
  262. 1.22.6: Volumes: Apparent Molar and Excess Volumes
  263. 1.22.7: Volumes: Neutral Solutes: Limiting Partial Molar Volumes
  264. 1.22.8: Volume: Salt Solutions: Born-Drude-Nernst Equation
  265. 1.22.9: Volume: Liquid Mixtures
  266. 1.23: Water
  267. 1.23.1: Water
  268. 1.23.2: Water: Molar Volume
  269. 1.23.3: Water: Hydrogen Ions
  270. 1.23.4: Water: Relative Permittivity
  271. 1.23.5: Water: Self-Dissociation
  272. 1.23.6: Water: (Shear) Viscosity
  273. 1.24: Misc
  274. 1.14.1: Adiabatic
  275. 1.14.2: Adsorption- Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm- One Adsorbate
  276. 1.14.3: Absorption Isotherms - Two Absorbates
  277. 1.14.4: Apparent Molar Properties- Solutions- Background
  278. 1.14.5: Apparent Molar Properties- Solutions- General
  279. 1.14.6: Axioms
  280. 1.14.7: Boundary
  281. 1.14.8: Calculus
  282. 1.14.9: Clausius - Clapeyron Equation
  283. 1.14.10: Gibbs - Helmholtz Equation
  284. 1.14.11: Guggenheim-Scatchard Equation / Redlich-Kister Equation
  285. 1.14.12: Legendre Transformations
  286. 1.14.13: Closed System
  287. 1.14.14: Cohesive Energy Density
  288. 1.14.15: Degree of Dissociation
  289. 1.14.16: Energy and First Law of Thermodynamics
  290. 1.14.17: Energy and Entropy
  291. 1.14.18: Electrochemical Units
  292. 1.14.19: Electrical Units
  293. 1.14.20: Electric Conductivities of Salt Solutions- Dependence on Composition
  294. 1.14.21: Donnan Membrane Equilibria
  295. 1.14.22: Descriptions of Systems
  296. 1.14.23: Enzyme-Substrate Interaction
  297. 1.14.24: Equation of State- General Thermodynamics
  298. 1.14.25: Equation of State- Perfect Gas
  299. 1.14.26: Equation of State - Real Gases, van der Waals, and Other Equations
  300. 1.14.27: Euler's Theorem
  301. 1.14.28: First Law of Thermodynamics
  302. 1.14.29: Functions of State
  303. 1.14.30: Heat, Work, and Energy
  304. 1.14.31: Helmholtz Energy
  305. 1.14.32: Hildebrand Solubility Parameter
  306. 1.14.33: Infinite Dilution
  307. 1.14.34: Extent of Reaction- Chemical Equilibrium- Dependence on Temperature and Pressure- Laws of Moderation
  308. 1.14.34: Internal Pressure
  309. 1.14.35: Internal Pressure: Liquid Mixtures: Excess Property
  310. 1.14.36: Irreversible Thermodynamics
  311. 1.14.37: Irreversible Thermodynamics: Onsager Phenomenological Equations
  312. 1.14.38: Joule-Thomson Coefficient
  313. 1.14.39: Kinetic Salt Effects
  314. 1.14.40: Laws of Thermodynamics
  315. 1.14.41: Lewisian Variables
  316. 1.14.42: L'Hospital's Rule
  317. 1.14.43: Master Equation
  318. 1.14.44: Maxwell Equations
  319. 1.14.45: Moderation
  320. 1.14.46: Molality and Mole Fraction
  321. 1.14.47: Newton-Laplace Equation
  322. 1.14.48: Open System
  323. 1.14.49: Osmotic Coefficient
  324. 1.14.50: Osmotic Pressure
  325. 1.14.51: Partial Molar Properties: General
  326. 1.14.52: Partial Molar Properties: Definitions
  327. 1.14.53: Phase Rule
  328. 1.14.54: Poynting Relation
  329. 1.14.55: Process
  330. 1.14.56: Properties: Equilibrium and Frozen
  331. 1.14.57: Reversible Change
  332. 1.14.58: Reversible Chemical Reactions
  333. 1.14.59: Salting-In and Salting-Out
  334. 1.14.60: Second Law of Thermodynamics
  335. 1.14.61: Solubility Products
  336. 1.14.62: Solubilities of Gases in Liquids
  337. 1.14.63: Solubilities of Solids in Liquids
  338. 1.14.64: Solutions: Solute and Solvent
  339. 1.14.65: Spontaneous Change: Isothermal and Isobaric
  340. 1.14.66: Spontaneous Chemical Reaction
  341. 1.14.67: Standard States: Reference States: Processes
  342. 1.14.68: Surroundings and System
  343. 1.14.69: Temperature of Maximum Density: Aqueous Solutions
  344. 1.14.70: Solutions: Neutral Solutes: Inter-Solute Distances
  345. 1.14.71: Time and Thermodynamics (Timenote)
  346. 1.14.72: Variables: Independent and Dependent
  347. 1.14.73: Variables: Gibbsian and Non-Gibbsian
  348. 1.14.74: Vaporization
  349. 1.14.75: Viscosities: Salt Solutions
  350. 1.14.76: Work
  351. Back Matter
  352. Index
  353. Detailed Licensing