General Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

by Joshua Halpern

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Howard University
Subjects
Chemistry
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CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, as LibreTexts states it. Non-commercial use only.
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Tweens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

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  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Table of Contents
  5. Licensing
  6. Agenda
  7. Homework
  8. Lecture Slide Shows
  9. Lecture 01 Fluids
  10. Lecture 02 Phase Changes
  11. Lecture 03 Solids
  12. Lecture 04 Metals Semicondutors and Polymers
  13. Lecture 05 Solutions
  14. Lecture 06 Collegative Properties
  15. Lecture 07 Chemical Kinetics
  16. Lecture 09 Chemical Dynamics
  17. Lecture 10 Reaction Mechanisms
  18. Lecture 11 Equilibrium
  19. Lecture 12 Equilibrium Problems
  20. Lecture 13 Non Equilibrium Conditions
  21. Lecture 14 Acids and Bases
  22. Lecture 15 Acid Base Equilibria
  23. Lecture 16 Titration
  24. Lecture 17 Buffers
  25. Lecture 18 Solubility
  26. Lecture 19 Thermodynamics
  27. Lecture 20 2016 Entropy
  28. Lecture 21 2016 3 Laws & Intro to Free Energy
  29. Lecture 22 2016 Thermo Summary & Problems
  30. Lecture 23 2016 - G and Q
  31. slideshare
  32. Preface
  33. Creative Commons Copyright & the Source of this Book
  34. Unit 1: Atomic Structure
  35. Chapter 1: Introduction
  36. Chapter 1.1: Chemistry in the Modern World
  37. Chapter 1.3: A Description of Matter
  38. Chapter 1.4: A Brief History of Chemistry
  39. Chapter 1.5: The Atom
  40. Chapter 1.6: Isotopes and Atomic Masses
  41. Chapter 1.7: The Mole and Molar Mass
  42. Chapter 1.8: Essential Skills I
  43. Chapter 2: Atomic Structure
  44. Chapter 2.1: Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation
  45. Chapter 2.2: Quantization of Energy
  46. Chapter 2.3: Atomic Spectra and Models of the Atom
  47. Chapter 2.4: Wave - Particle Duality
  48. Chapter 2.5: Atomic Orbitals and Their Energies
  49. Chapter 2.6: Building Up The Periodic Table
  50. Chapter 2.7: Electronic Structure of the Transition Metals
  51. Chapter 2.8: End of Chapter Material
  52. Chapter 3: The Periodic Table
  53. Chapter 3.1: The History of the Periodic Table
  54. Chapter 3.2: Sizes of Atoms and Ions
  55. Chapter 3.3: Energetics of Ion Formation
  56. Chapter 3.4: The Chemical Families
  57. Chapter 3.5: End of Chapter Material
  58. Unit 2: Molecular Structure
  59. Chapter 4: Ionic Bonding
  60. Chapter 4.0: What is a Chemical Bond?
  61. Chapter 4.1: Ionic Bonding
  62. Chapter 4.2: Lattice Energies in Ionic Solids
  63. Chapter 4.3: Chemical Formulas
  64. Chapter 4.4: Naming Ionic Compounds
  65. Chapter 4.5: End of Chapter Material
  66. Chapter 5: Covalent Bonding
  67. Chapter 5.1: Representing Covalent Bonds
  68. Chapter 5.2: Lewis Electron Dot Symbols
  69. Chapter 5.3: Lewis Structures
  70. Chapter 5.4: Exceptions to the Octet Rule
  71. Chapter 5.5: Properties of Covalent Bonds
  72. Chapter 5.6: Properties of Polar Covalent Bonds
  73. Chapter 5.7: Metallic Bonding
  74. Chapter 5.8: Molecular Representations
  75. Chapter 6: Molecular Geometry
  76. Chapter 6.0: Molecular Geometry
  77. Chapter 6.1: Naming Binary Covalent Compounds
  78. Chapter 6.2: Hybrid Orbitals
  79. Chapter 6.3: VSEPR - Molecular Geometry
  80. Chapter 6.4: Naming Organic Compounds
  81. Chapter 6.5 Delocalized Bonding and Molecular Orbitals
  82. Chapter 6.6: Polyatomic Systems, Multiple Bonds, Resonance
  83. Chapter 6.7: End of Chapter Material
  84. Unit 3: Stoichiometry
  85. Chapter 7: Stoichiometry
  86. Chapter 7.1: Again the Mole
  87. Chapter 7.2: Empirical and Molecular Formulas
  88. Chapter 7.3: Chemical Equations
  89. Chapter 7.4: Stoichiometry
  90. Chapter 7.5: Types of Chemical Reactions
  91. Chapter 7.6: Chemical Reactions in the Atmosphere
  92. Chapter 7.7: Industrially Important Chemicals
  93. Chapter 7.8: End of Chapter Material
  94. Chapter 7.9: Essential Skills 2
  95. Chapter 8: Aqueous Solutions
  96. Chapter 8.01: Aqueous Solutions
  97. Chapter 8.02: Solution Concentrations
  98. Chapter 8.03: Stoichiometry of Reactions in Solution
  99. Chapter 8.04: Ionic Equations
  100. Chapter 8.05: Precipitation Reactions
  101. Chapter 8.06: Acids and Bases
  102. Chapter 8.07: Acid Base Reactions
  103. Chapter 8.08: The Chemistry of Acid Rain
  104. Chapter 8.09: Quantitative Analysis Using Titration
  105. Chapter 8.10: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
  106. Chapter 8.11: Essential Skills 3
  107. Chapter 8.12: End of Chapter Material
  108. Unit 4: Thermochemistry
  109. Chapter 9: Thermochem
  110. Chapter 9.0: Introduction
  111. Chapter 9.1 Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
  112. Chapter 9.2: Enthalpy and Reactions
  113. Chapter 9.3: Hess's Law
  114. Chapter 9.4: Heats of Formation
  115. Chapter 9.5: Enthalpies of Solution
  116. Chapter 9.6: Calorimetry
  117. Chapter 9.7: Thermochem and Nutrition
  118. Chapter 9.8: Energy Sources and the Environment
  119. Chapter 9.9: Essential Skills 4
  120. Chapter 9.10: End of Chapter Material
  121. Chapter 10: Gases
  122. Chapter 10.1: Gaseous Elements and Compounds
  123. Chapter 10.2: Gas Pressure
  124. Chapter 10.3: The Ideal Gas Law
  125. Chapter 10.4: The Combined Gas Law
  126. Chapter 10.5: Gas Mixtures
  127. Chapter 10.6: Stoichiometry Involving Gases
  128. Chapter 10.7: The Kinetic Theory of Gases
  129. Unit 5: States of Matter
  130. Chapter 11: Fluids
  131. Chapter 11.0: Introduction
  132. Chapter 11.1: Real Gases
  133. Chapter 11.2: Intermolecular forces
  134. Chapter 11.3: Unique Properties of Liquids
  135. Chapter 11.4: Vapor Pressure
  136. Chapter 11.5: Changes of State
  137. Chapter 11.6: Critical Temperature and Pressure
  138. Chapter 11.7: Phase Diagrams
  139. Chapter 11.8: Liquid Crystals
  140. Chapter 11.9: Essential Skills
  141. Chapter 11.10: End of Chapter Material
  142. Chapter 12: Solids
  143. Chapter 12.1: Crystalline and Amorphous Solids
  144. Chapter 12.2: Arrangement of Atoms in Crystals
  145. Chapter 12.3 : Stucture of Simple Binary Compounds
  146. Chapter 12.4: Crystal Defects
  147. Chapter 12.5: Bonding and Properties of Solids
  148. Chapter 12.6: Metals and Semiconductors
  149. Chapter 12.7: Superconductors
  150. Chapter 12.8: Polymers
  151. Chapter 12.9: Modern Materials
  152. Chapter 12.10: End of Chapter Material
  153. Chapter 13: Solutions
  154. Chapter 13.1: Factors Affecting Solubility
  155. Chapter 13.2: Solubility and Structure
  156. Chapter 13.3: Units for Concentration
  157. Chapter 13.4:Temperature and Pressure Effects
  158. Chapter 13.5: Colligative Properties
  159. Chapter 13.6: Aggregate Particles
  160. Chapter 13.7: End of Chapter Materials
  161. Unit 6: Kinetics and Equilibria
  162. Chapter 14: Chemical Kinetics
  163. Chapter 14.1: Factors that Affect Reaction Rates
  164. Chapter 14.2: Reaction Rates and Rate Laws
  165. Chapter 14.3: Methods of Determining Reaction Order
  166. Chapter 14.4: Using Graphs to Determine Rate Laws, Rate Constants and Reaction Orders
  167. Chapter 14.5: Half Lives and Radioactive Decay Kinetics
  168. Chapter 14.6: Reaction Rates - A Microscopic View
  169. Chapter 14.7: The Collision Model of Chemical Kinetics
  170. Chapter 14.8: Catalysis
  171. Chapter 14.9: End of Chapter Materials
  172. Chapter 15: Chemical Equilibrium
  173. Chapter 15.1: The Concept of Chemical Equilibrium
  174. Chapter 15.2: The Equilibrium Constant
  175. Chapter 15.3: Solving Equilibrium Problems
  176. Chapter 15.4: Non-equilibrium Conditions
  177. Chapter 15.5: Factors That Affect Equilibrium
  178. Chapter 15.6: Controlling the Products of Reactions
  179. Chapter 15.7: Essential Skills
  180. Chapter 15.8: End of Chapter Materials
  181. Chapter 16: Aqueous Acid-Base Equilibria
  182. Chapter 16.1: The Autoionization of Water
  183. Chapter 16.2: A Qualitative Description of Acid-Base Equilibria
  184. Chapter 16.3: Molecular Structure and Acid-Base Strength
  185. Chapter 16.4: Quantitative Aspects of Acid-Base Equilibria
  186. Chapter 16.5: Acid-Base Titrations
  187. Chapter 16.6: Buffers
  188. Chapter 16.7: End of Chapter Material
  189. Chapter 17: Solubility and Complexation Equilibria
  190. Chapter 17.0: Introduction
  191. Chapter 17.1: Determining the Solubility of Ionic Compounds
  192. Chapter 17.2: Factors That Affect Solubility
  193. Chapter 17.3: The Formation of Complex Ions
  194. Chapter 17.4: Solubility and pH
  195. Chapter 17.5: Qualitative Analysis Using Selective Precipitation
  196. Chapter 17.7: End of Chapter Material
  197. Unit 7: Thermodynamics & Electrochemistry
  198. Chapter 18: Chemical Thermodynamics
  199. Chapter 18.1: Thermodynamics and Work
  200. Chapter 18.2: The First Law of Thermodynamics
  201. Chapter 18.3: The Second Law of Thermodynamics
  202. Chapter 18.4: Entropy Changes and the Third Law of Thermodynamics
  203. Chapter 18.5: Free Energy
  204. Chapter 18.6: Spontaneity and Equilibrium
  205. Chapter 18.7: Comparing Thermodynamics and Kinetics
  206. Chapter 18.8: Thermodynamics and Life
  207. Chapter 18.9: End of Chapter Material
  208. Chapter 19: Electrochemistry
  209. Chapter 19.0: Introduction
  210. Chapter 19.1: Describing Electrochemical Cells
  211. Chapter 19.2: Standard Potentials
  212. Chapter 19.3: Comparing Strengths of Oxidants and Reductants
  213. Chapter 19.4: Electrochemical Cells and Thermodynamics
  214. Chapter 19.5: Commercial Galvanic Cells
  215. Chapter 19.6: Corrosion
  216. Chapter 19.7: Electrolysis
  217. Chapter 19.8: End of Chapter Materials
  218. Unit 8: Materials
  219. Chapter 20: Periodic Trends and the s-Block Elements
  220. Chapter 20.0: Introduction
  221. Chapter 20.1: Overview of Periodic Trends
  222. Chapter 20.2: The Chemistry of Hydrogen
  223. Chapter 20.3: The Alkali Metals (Group 1)
  224. Chapter 20.4: The Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2)
  225. Chapter 20.5: The s-Block Elements in Biology
  226. Chapter 20.6: End of Chapter Material
  227. Chapter 21: The d-Block Elements
  228. Chapter 21.1: General Trends Among the Transition Metals
  229. Chapter 21.2: A Brief Survey of Transition Metal Chemistry
  230. Chapter 21.3: Metallurgy
  231. Chapter 21.4: Coordination Compounds
  232. Chapter 21.5: Crystal Field Theory
  233. Chapter 21.6: Transition Metals in Biology
  234. Chapter 21.7: End of Chapter Materials
  235. Chapter 22: The p-Block Elements
  236. Chapter 22.1: The Elements of Group 13
  237. Chapter 22.2: The Elements of Group 14
  238. Chapter 22.3: The Elements of Group 15 (The Pnicogens)
  239. Chapter 22.4: The Elements of Group 16 (The Chalcogens)
  240. Chapter 22.5: The Elements of Group 17 (The Halogens)
  241. Chapter 22.6: The Elements of Group 18 (The Noble Gases)
  242. Chapter 22.7: End of Chapter Material
  243. Chapter 23: Organic Compounds
  244. Chapter 23.1: Functional Groups and Classes of Organic Compounds
  245. Chapter 23.2: Isomers of Organic Compounds
  246. Chapter 23.3: Reactivity of Organic Molecules
  247. Chapter 23.4: Common Classes of Organic Reactions
  248. Chapter 23.5: Common Classes of Organic Compounds
  249. Chapter 23.6: The Molecules of Life
  250. Chapter 23.7: End of Chapter Materials
  251. Chapter 24: Nuclear Chemistry
  252. Chapter 24.0: Introduction
  253. Chapter 24.1: The Components of the Nucleus
  254. Chapter 24.2: Nuclear Reactions
  255. Chapter 24.3: The Interaction of Nuclear Radiation with Matter
  256. Chapter 24.4: Thermodynamic Stability of the Atomic Nucleus
  257. Chapter 24.5: Applied Nuclear Chemistry
  258. Chapter 24.6: The Origin of the Elements
  259. Chapter 24.7: End of Chapter Material
  260. Back Matter
  261. Index
  262. Glossary
  263. Detailed Licensing