ECC: Introduction to General, Organic, & Biochemistry

by Sorrentino

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Publisher
Erie Community College
Subjects
Chemistry
Licence
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, as LibreTexts states it. Non-commercial use only.
Who can read
Tweens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

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  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Table of Contents
  5. Licensing
  6. 1: Chemistry, Matter, and Measurement
  7. 1.1: Prelude to Chemistry, Matter, and Measurement
  8. 1.2: What Is Chemistry?
  9. 1.3: The Classification of Matter
  10. 1.4: Measurements
  11. 1.5: Expressing Numbers - Scientific Notation
  12. 1.6: Expressing Numbers - Significant Figures
  13. 1.7: The International System of Units
  14. 1.8: Converting Units
  15. 1.9: Exercises
  16. 1.10: Chemistry, Matter, and Measurement (Summary)
  17. 2: Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table
  18. 2.1: Prelude to Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table
  19. 2.2: The Elements
  20. 2.3: Atomic Theory
  21. 2.4: The Structure of Atoms
  22. 2.5: Nuclei of Atoms
  23. 2.6: Atomic Masses
  24. 2.7: Arrangements of Electrons
  25. 2.8: The Periodic Table
  26. 2.9: Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table (Exercises)
  27. 2.10: Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table (Summary)
  28. 3: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
  29. 3.1: Prelude to Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
  30. 3.2: Two Types of Bonding
  31. 3.3: Ions
  32. 3.4: Formulas for Ionic Compounds
  33. 3.5: Ionic Nomenclature
  34. 3.6: Formula Mass
  35. 3.7: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds (Exercises)
  36. 3.8: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds (Summary)
  37. 4: Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
  38. 4.1: Prelude to Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
  39. 4.2: Covalent Bonds
  40. 4.3: Covalent Compounds - Formulas and Names
  41. 4.4: Multiple Covalent Bonds
  42. 4.5: Characteristics of Covalent Bonds
  43. 4.6: Characteristics of Molecules
  44. 4.7: Organic Chemistry
  45. 4.8: Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds (Exercises)
  46. 4.9: Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds (Summary)
  47. 5: Introduction to Chemical Reactions
  48. 5.1: Prelude to Introduction to Chemical Reactions
  49. 5.2: The Law of Conservation of Matter
  50. 5.3: Chemical Equations
  51. 5.4: Quantitative Relationships Based on Chemical Equations
  52. 5.5: Some Types of Chemical Reactions
  53. 5.6: Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions
  54. 5.7: Redox Reactions in Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
  55. 5.8: Introduction to Chemical Reactions (Exercises)
  56. 5.9: Introduction to Chemical Reactions (Summary)
  57. 6: Quantities in Chemical Reactions
  58. 6.1: Prelude to Quantities in Chemical Reactions
  59. 6.2: The Mole
  60. 6.3: Atomic and Molar Masses
  61. 6.4: Mole-Mass Conversions
  62. 6.5: Mole-Mole Relationships in Chemical Reactions
  63. 6.6: Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Problems
  64. 6.7: Quantities in Chemical Reactions (Exercise)
  65. 6.8: Quantities in Chemical Reactions (Summary)
  66. 7: Energy and Chemical Processes
  67. 7.1: Prelude to Energy and Chemical Processes
  68. 7.2: Energy and Its Units
  69. 7.3: Heat
  70. 7.4: Phase Changes
  71. 7.5: Bond Energies
  72. 7.6: The Energy of Biochemical Reactions
  73. 7.7: Energy and Chemical Processes (Exercises)
  74. 7.8: Energy and Chemical Processes (Summary)
  75. 8: Solids, Liquids, and Gases
  76. 8.1: Prelude to Solids, Liquids, and Gases
  77. 8.2: Intermolecular Interactions
  78. 8.3: Solids and Liquids
  79. 8.4: 8.3 Gases and Pressure
  80. 8.5: Gas Laws
  81. 8.6: Solids, Liquids, and Gases (Exercises)
  82. 8.7: Solids, Liquids, and Gases (Summary)
  83. 9: Solutions
  84. 9.1: Prelude to Solutions
  85. 9.2: Solutions
  86. 9.3: Concentration
  87. 9.4: The Dissolution Process
  88. 9.5: Properties of Solutions
  89. 9.6: Solutions (Exercises)
  90. 9.7: Solutions (Summary)
  91. 10: Acids and Bases
  92. 10.1: Prelude to Acids and Bases
  93. 10.2: Arrhenius Definition of Acids and Bases
  94. 10.3: Brønsted-Lowry Definition of Acids and Bases
  95. 10.4: Water - Both an Acid and a Base
  96. 10.5: The Strengths of Acids and Bases
  97. 10.6: Buffers
  98. 10.7: Acids and Bases (Exercises)
  99. 10.8: Acids and Bases (Summary)
  100. 11: Nuclear Chemistry
  101. 11.1: Prelude to Nuclear Chemistry
  102. 11.2: Radioactivity
  103. 11.3: Half-Life
  104. 11.4: Units of Radioactivity
  105. 11.5: Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
  106. 11.6: Nuclear Energy
  107. 11.7: Nuclear Chemistry (Exercises)
  108. 11.8: Nuclear Chemistry (Summary)
  109. 12: Organic Chemistry - Alkanes
  110. 12.1: Organic Chemistry
  111. 12.2: Structures and Names of Alkanes
  112. 12.3: Branched-Chain Alkanes
  113. 12.4: Condensed Structural and Line-Angle Formulas
  114. 12.5: IUPAC Nomenclature
  115. 12.6: Physical Properties of Alkanes
  116. 12.7: Chemical Properties of Alkanes
  117. 12.8: Halogenated Hydrocarbons
  118. 12.9: Cycloalkanes
  119. 12.10: Organic Chemistry - Alkanes
  120. 12.11: Organic Chemistry: Alkanes
  121. 12.12: Organic Chemistry: Alkanes
  122. 13: Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  123. 13.1: Prelude to Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  124. 13.2: Alkenes: Structures and Names
  125. 13.3: Cis-Trans Isomers (Geometric Isomers)
  126. 13.4: Physical Properties of Alkenes
  127. 13.5: Chemical Properties of Alkenes
  128. 13.6: Polymers
  129. 13.7: Alkynes
  130. 13.8: Aromatic Compounds: Benzene
  131. 13.9: Structure and Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds
  132. 13.10: Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Exercises)
  133. 13.11: Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Summary)
  134. 14: Organic Compounds of Oxygen
  135. 14.1: Organic Compounds with Functional Groups
  136. 14.2: Alcohols - Nomenclature and Classification
  137. 14.3: Physical Properties of Alcohols
  138. 14.4: Reactions that Form Alcohols
  139. 14.5: Reactions of Alcohols
  140. 14.6: Glycols and Glycerol
  141. 14.7: Phenols
  142. 14.8: Ethers
  143. 14.9: Aldehydes and Ketones: Structure and Names
  144. 14.10: Prelude to Organic Compounds of Oxygen
  145. 14.11: Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
  146. 14.12: Organic Sulfur Compounds
  147. 14.13: Organic Compounds of Oxygen (Exercises)
  148. 14.14: Organic Compounds of Oxygen (Summary)
  149. 15: Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives
  150. 15.1: Prelude to Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives
  151. 15.2: Carboxylic Acids - Structures and Names
  152. 15.3: The Formation of Carboxylic Acids
  153. 15.4: Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
  154. 15.5: Chemical Properties of Carboxylic Acids: Ionization and Neutralization
  155. 15.6: Esters - Structures and Names
  156. 15.7: Physical Properties of Esters
  157. 15.8: Preparation of Esters
  158. 15.9: Hydrolysis of Esters
  159. 15.10: Esters of Phosphoric Acid
  160. 15.11: Amines - Structures and Names
  161. 15.12: Physical Properties of Amines
  162. 15.13: Amines as Bases
  163. 15.14: Amides: Structures and Names
  164. 15.15: Physical Properties of Amides
  165. 15.16: Formation of Amides
  166. 15.17: Chemical Properties of Amides: Hydrolysis
  167. 15.18: Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives (Summary)
  168. 16: Carbohydrates
  169. 16.1: Prelude to Carbohydrates
  170. 16.2: Carbohydrates
  171. 16.3: Classes of Monosaccharides
  172. 16.4: Important Hexoses
  173. 16.5: Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides
  174. 16.6: Properties of Monosaccharides
  175. 16.7: Disaccharides
  176. 16.8: Polysaccharides
  177. 16.9: Carbohydrates (Summary)
  178. 17: Lipids
  179. 17.1: Prelude to Lipids
  180. 17.2: Fatty Acids
  181. 17.3: Fats and Oils
  182. 17.4: Membranes and Membrane Lipids
  183. 17.5: Steroids
  184. 17.6: Exercises
  185. 17.7: Lipids (Summary)
  186. 18: Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
  187. 18.1: Properties of Amino Acids
  188. 18.2: Reactions of Amino Acids
  189. 18.3: Peptides
  190. 18.4: Proteins
  191. 18.5: Enzymes
  192. 18.6: Enzyme Action
  193. 18.7: Enzyme Activity
  194. 18.8: Enzyme Inhibition
  195. 18.9: Enzyme Cofactors and Vitamins
  196. 18.10: Prelude to Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
  197. 18.11: Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes (Exercises)
  198. 18.12: Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes (Summary)
  199. 19: Nucleic Acids
  200. 19.1: Prelude to Nucleic Acids
  201. 19.2: Nucleotides
  202. 19.3: Nucleic Acid Structure
  203. 19.4: Replication and Expression of Genetic Information
  204. 19.5: Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code
  205. 19.6: Mutations and Genetic Diseases
  206. 19.7: Viruses
  207. 19.8: Nucleic Acids (Exercises)
  208. 19.9: Nucleic Acids (Summary)
  209. 20: Energy Metabolism
  210. 20.1: Prelude to Energy Metabolism
  211. 20.2: ATP: the Universal Energy Currency
  212. 20.3: Stage I of Catabolism
  213. 20.4: Overview of Stage II of Catabolism
  214. 20.5: Stage III of Catabolism
  215. 20.6: Stage II of Carbohydrate Catabolism
  216. 20.7: Stage II of Lipid Catabolism
  217. 20.8: Stage II of Protein Catabolism
  218. 20.9: Energy Metabolism (Exercises)
  219. 20.10: Energy Metabolism (Summary)
  220. Back Matter
  221. Index
  222. Glossary
  223. Detailed Licensing