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8.2: Procedure

Principles of Biology II (Lab Manual) [BIS 151] · LibreTexts

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    From LibreTexts, under CC BY 4.0, as the source states it; its equations are written in TeX, which the PDF shows typeset. This page at LibreTexts.

    Part I: Phylum Porifera (Sponges)

    Observe Preserved Sponge Specimen

    1. Obtain a preserved specimen of the grantia sponge. Using the tweezers from a dissecting kit to collect a single sponge and place it in a petri dish. Next, using the dissecting microscope, view the specimen. You should use the tweezers and any other tools from the dissecting kit to move and manipulate the sponge, allowing you to see the ostia and osculum. Note the texture, shape, size and appearance of the overall body as well.
    2. Record your observations and sketch the specimen in the space provided. Label the ostia and osculum on your sketch. Dispose of dissected animals in the classroom trash.
    3. Clean dissecting trays and dissecting materials, leaving them to dry next to the classroom sink.

    Observe Prepared Slides of Sponge

    1. Obtain a prepared slide of the grantia sponge. This slide contains both a cross section and a longitudinal section of the sponge. Observe both sections of the slide using the low power/10 objective lens. Note the layers of cells that form the animals’ body as well as the hollow body cavity in the center.
    2. Using your sketch, trace the path of water through the sponges’ body (this should be done on the sketch of the longitudinal section for the best perspective).

    Part II: Phylum Cnidaria

    Observe Live Specimen of Hydra

    1. Handle the hydra with care. Obtain a live specimen from the jar of mixed hydra using a transfer pipette. Place the hydra into a deep welled slide.
    2. Next, using the compound microscope view the specimen using the 10x objective lens. From this level of magnification, sketch the overall body structure of the hydra being sure to label the tentacles. Record your observations of the animals behavior including any movement or feeding behavior.

    Observe Prepared Slides of Hydra

    1. Obtain a prepared slide of the longitudinal section of a hydra. Observe using the low power/10 objective lens. Note the overall body structure which includes the outer layer (epidermis) and inner layer (gastrodermis) of tissue. Provide a sketch being sure to label these structures in the space provided.
    2. Obtain a prepared slide of the cross section of a hydra. Observe using the low power/10 objective lens. Note the overall body structure which includes the outer layer (epidermis) and inner layer (gastrodermis) of tissue. Provide a sketch being sure to label these structures in the space provided.

    Part III: Phylum Platyhelminthes

    1. Handle the planarians with care. Obtain a live specimen of planaria by gently sucking them into a plastic pipette and gently expelling them into a petri dish containing spring water.
    2. Next, using the dissecting microscope, view the specimen. You may need to continuously move the petri dish as the planarian moves to continue your observations. Take note of the movement, behavior and features of the planaria for a few minutes.
    3. Record your observations and sketch the planaria in the space provided. Label the eyespots and auricles as well as the anterior and posterior ends.

    This page titled 8.2: Procedure was last modified on Tue, 09 Dec 2025 17:47:23 GMT and is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Beth Cliffel.