8.9: Activity 8

Students will volunteer to demonstrate and define movements at specified joint.

1. Hip Joint: Demonstrate and define abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, circumduction, external rotation, and internal rotation.
2. Shoulder Joint: Demonstrate and define abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, circumduction, internal rotation, external rotation, elevation, depression, protraction, and retraction.
3. Elbow Joint: Demonstrate and define supination, pronation, flexion, and extension.
4. Temporomandibular Joint: Demonstrate and define elevation, depression, protraction, and retraction.
5. Knee Joint: Demonstrate and define flexion, extension, hyperextension (be careful), and gentle rotation (be careful).
6. Vertebral Column (as a whole, includes joints of the thoracic and lumbar spine): Demonstrate and define flexion, extension, hyperextension, and lateral flexion.
7. Neck (includes the joints of C1 to C7): Demonstrate and define flexion, extension, hyperextension, lateral flexion, rotation.
8. Hand: Demonstrate and define flexion and extension of the metacarpophalangeal joints, opposition of the thumb; adduction and abduction of digit 5 at the metacarpophalangeal joint.
9. Ankle Joint: Demonstrate and define dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, and eversion.

Critical thinking question

As you’ve demonstrated and defined, the shoulder joint is highly mobile, whereas the knee joint allows for many fewer movements. What does it mean when we say that a joint sacrifices stability in favor of mobility? How does the shape of the joint surfaces influence either stability or mobility?