Introduction to Microbiology OER

by Ying Liu

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Publisher
City College of San Francisco
Subjects
Biology, Microbiology
Licence
CC BY 4.0, as LibreTexts states it
Who can read
Tweens profiles and older, judged from its title and subjects

Contents

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  1. Front Matter
  2. TitlePage
  3. InfoPage
  4. Table of Contents
  5. Licensing
  6. About the Authors
  7. About the Book
  8. 1: Introduction to Microbiology
  9. 1.1: Introduction to Microbiology
  10. 1.2: What Our Ancestors Knew
  11. 1.3: Taxonomy and Phylogenies
  12. 1.4: Types of Microorganisms
  13. 1.E: An Invisible World (Exercises)
  14. 2: Microscopes
  15. 2.1: The Properties of Light
  16. 2.2: Peering into the Invisible World
  17. 2.3: Instruments of Microscopy- Brightfield Microscopes
  18. 2.4: Darkfield, Phase-Contrast and DIC
  19. 2.5: Fluorescence, Confocal and Two-Photon Microscopes
  20. 2.6: Electron Microscopy
  21. 2.7: Sample Preparation for Microscopic Staining
  22. 2.8: Differential Staining
  23. 2.E: How We See the Invisible World (Exercises)
  24. 3: Macromolecules
  25. 3.1: Organic Molecules
  26. 3.2: Isomerism
  27. 3.3: Functional Groups and Dehydration Reaction
  28. 3.4: Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides and Disaccharides
  29. 3.5: Carbohydrates - Polysaccharides
  30. 3.6: Lipids
  31. 3.7: Proteins
  32. 3.8: Using Biochemistry to Identify Microorganisms
  33. 3.E: Microbial Biochemistry (Exercises)
  34. 4: Prokaryotic Cell
  35. 4.1: Spontaneous Generation
  36. 4.2: Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
  37. 4.3: The Germ Theory of Disease
  38. 4.4: Internal Structures of Prokaryotic Cells I
  39. 4.5: Internal Structures of Prokaryotic Cells II
  40. 4.6: Cell Membrane and Transport Mechanisms
  41. 4.7: External Structures of Prokaryotic Cells
  42. 4.E: Prokaryotic Cell (Exercises)
  43. 5: Eukaryotic Cell
  44. 5.1: Nucleus and the Endomembrane System
  45. 5.2: Cytoskeleton
  46. 5.3: Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
  47. 5.4: Cell Boundary and External Structures of Eukaryotic Cells
  48. 5.E: Eukaryotic Cell (Exercises)
  49. 6: Prokaryotic Pathogens
  50. 6.1: Prokaryote Habitats and Functions
  51. 6.2: Symbiotic Relationships
  52. 6.3: Alpha and Beta Proteobacteria
  53. 6.4: Gamma, Delta and Epsilon Proteobacteria
  54. 6.5: Spirochetes and CFB
  55. 6.6: Gram-positive Bacteria
  56. 6.E: Prokaryotic Diversity (Exercises)
  57. 7: Acellular Pathogens
  58. 7.1: Viruses
  59. 7.2: Viral Structures
  60. 7.3: Bacteriophage Life Cycle
  61. 7.4: Animal Virus Life Cycle
  62. 7.5: Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Viruses
  63. 7.6: Viroids, Virusoids, and Prions
  64. 7.E: Acellular Pathogens (Exercises)
  65. 8: Microbial Metabolism I
  66. 8.1: Energy, Matter, and Enzymes
  67. 8.2: Enzyme Structure and Function
  68. 8.3: Glycolysis
  69. 8.4: Transition Reaction and Krebs Cycle
  70. 8.E: Microbial Metabolism (Exercises)
  71. 9: Microbial Metabolism II
  72. 9.1: Cellular Respiration
  73. 9.2: Fermentation I
  74. 9.3: Fermentation II
  75. 9.4: Catabolism of Lipids and Proteins
  76. 9.E: Microbial Metabolism (Exercises)
  77. 10: Microbial Growth
  78. 10.1: Binary Fission and Generation Time
  79. 10.2: Growth Curve
  80. 10.3: Measurement of Bacterial Growth
  81. 10.4: Biofilm
  82. 10.5: Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
  83. 10.6: The Effects of pH on Microbial Growth
  84. 10.7: Temperature and Microbial Growth
  85. 10.8: Other Environmental Conditions that Affect Growth
  86. 10.9: Media Used for Bacterial Growth
  87. 10.E: Microbial Growth (Exercises)
  88. 11: DNA and RNA
  89. 11.1: Using Microbiology to Discover the Secrets of Life
  90. 11.2: DNA As the Molecule Responsible for Heredity
  91. 11.3: Structure and Function of DNA
  92. 11.4: Structure and Function of RNA
  93. 11.5: The Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
  94. 11.E: Biochemistry of the Genome (Exercises)
  95. 12: Central Dogma
  96. 12.1: What Are Genes?
  97. 12.2: DNA Replication in Bacteria
  98. 12.3: DNA Replication in Eukaryotes
  99. 12.4: RNA Transcription
  100. 12.5: Protein Synthesis (Translation)
  101. 12.6: The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis
  102. 12.E: Mechanisms of Microbial Genetics (Exercises)
  103. 13: Horizontal Gene Transfer and Operons
  104. 13.1: Mutations
  105. 13.2: DNA Repair
  106. 13.3: Horizontal Gene Transfer- Transformation and Transduction
  107. 13.4: Horizontal Gene Transfer- Conjugation and Transposition
  108. 13.5: Gene Regulation - Repressible Operon
  109. 13.6: Gene Regulation - Inducible Operon
  110. 13.E: Mechanisms of Microbial Genetics (Exercises)
  111. 14: Antibiotics
  112. 14.1: Discovering Antimicrobial Drugs
  113. 14.2: Fundamentals of Antimicrobial Therapy
  114. 14.3: Inhibitors of Cell Wall Biosynthesis
  115. 14.4: Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis
  116. 14.5: Other Antibiotics
  117. 14.E: Antimicrobial Drugs (Exercises)
  118. 15: Antibiotic Resistance and Other Antimicrobials
  119. 15.1: Antifungal and Antiviral Drugs
  120. 15.2: Drug Resistance
  121. 15.3: Multidrug Resistant Microbes
  122. 15.4: Testing the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials
  123. 15.5: Current Strategies for Antimicrobial Discovery
  124. 15.E: Antimicrobial Drugs (Exercises)
  125. 16: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity
  126. 16.1: Characteristics of Infectious Diseases
  127. 16.2: Periods of Disease
  128. 16.3: Koch Postulate and Molecular Koch Postulate
  129. 16.4: Pathogenicity and Virulence
  130. 16.E: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity (Exercises)
  131. 17: Pathogenicity and Virulence Factors
  132. 17.1: Stages of Pathogenesis
  133. 17.2: Bacterial Virulence Factors- Adhesins and Exoenzymes
  134. 17.3: Bacterial Virulence Factors- Toxins
  135. 17.4: Immune Evasion and Viral Virulence Factors
  136. 17.E: Pathogenicity and Virulence Factors (Exercises)
  137. 18: Disease and Epidemiology
  138. 18.1: The Language of Epidemiologists
  139. 18.2: Pioneers of Epidemiology
  140. 18.3: Types of Epidemiological Studies
  141. 18.4: How Diseases Spread
  142. 18.5: Global Public Health
  143. 18.E: Disease and Epidemiology (Exercises)
  144. 19: Microbiomes
  145. 19.1: An Introduction to Microbiomes
  146. 19.2: The Human Microbiome
  147. 19.3: Analyzing Microbiomes
  148. 19.4: Human Health and Disease
  149. 19.5: The Gut Microbiome
  150. 19.6: C diff Infection (CDI) and Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT)
  151. 20: Innate Immunity 1
  152. 20.1: Physical Defenses Overview
  153. 20.2: Physical Barreirs - Skin and Mucous Membranes
  154. 20.3: Chemical Defenses - Overview
  155. 20.4: Chemical Defenses - Antimicrobial Peptides (AMP) and Plasma Protein Mediators
  156. 20.5: Chemical Defenses - Complement System
  157. 20.6: Chemical Defenses - Cytokines
  158. 20.E: Innate Immune Defenses I (Exercises)
  159. 21: Innate Immunity II
  160. 21.1: Cellular Defenses - Overview
  161. 21.2: Cellular Defenses - Granulocytes
  162. 21.3: Cellular Defenses - Agranulocytes
  163. 21.4: Phagocytosis
  164. 21.5: Inflammation
  165. 21.6: Fever
  166. 21.7: Pathogen Recognition
  167. 21.E: Innate Immune Defenses II (Exercises)
  168. 22: Adaptive Immunity I
  169. 22.1: Adaptive Immune Defenses - Overview
  170. 22.2: Antigens
  171. 22.3: Antibodies
  172. 22.4: Antigen-Antibody Interactions
  173. 22.5: Major Histocompatibility Complexes (MHC)
  174. 22.6: Antigen Presenting Cells (APC)
  175. 22.E: Adaptive Immunity I (Exercises)
  176. 23: Adaptive Immunity II
  177. 23.1: T Lymphocytes - Overview
  178. 23.2: T-Cell Receptors (TCR) and Helper T Cells
  179. 23.3: Cytotoxic T Cells and Superantigens
  180. 23.4: B Lymphocytes and Antibodies
  181. 23.5: B Cell Activation
  182. 23.6: Vaccines
  183. 23.7: Variolation and Vaccination
  184. 23.8: Classes of Vaccines
  185. 23.E: Adaptive Immunity II (Exercises)
  186. 24: Hypersensitivites
  187. 24.1: Type I Hypersensitivities
  188. 24.2: Type II Hypersensitivities
  189. 24.3: Type III Hypersensitivities
  190. 24.4: Type IV Hypersensitivities
  191. 24.5: Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Summary
  192. 24.6: Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypersensitivities
  193. 24.E: Diseases of the Immune System (Exercises)
  194. 25: Diseases of the Immune System
  195. 25.1: Organ-Specific Autoimmune Disorders
  196. 25.2: Systemic Autoimmune Disorders
  197. 25.3: Organ Transplantation and Rejection
  198. 25.4: Immunodeficiency
  199. 25.E: Diseases of the Immune System (Exercises)
  200. 26: Diagnosing Infections
  201. 26.1: Polyclonal Antibodies
  202. 26.2: Monoclonal Antibodies
  203. 26.3: In vitro Assays
  204. 26.4: Agglutination Assays
  205. 26.5: Enzyme Immunoassays (EIA) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA)
  206. 26.6: Fluorescent Antibody Techniques
  207. 26.E: Laboratory Analysis of the Immune Response (Exercises)
  208. Back Matter
  209. Index
  210. Glossary
  211. Detailed Licensing
  212. Detailed Licensing
  213. Detailed Licensing
  214. Detailed Licensing