# Digital Control in Switched Mode Power Converters and FPGA-based Prototyping

- Institution: IIT Kharagpur
- Department: Electrical Engineering
- Teacher: Prof. Santanu Kapat
- Level: Undergraduate
- Language: English
- Subjects: Engineering
- Source: [NPTEL](https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108105186)
- Licence: [CC BY-NC-SA](https://nptel.ac.in/faq) (Non-commercial use only.)
- Syllabus: [at the source](https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108105186)
- Who can watch: Tweens profiles and older (sources give no ratings; placed by Invisible Network from the source's own words)

## Lectures

1. [Lecture 01: Digital Control in Switched Mode Power Converters – Course Introduction](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/1c69532a0eaf) (Video)
2. [Lecture 02: Digital Control of SMPCs – Course Instructions, Guidelines & Resources](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/d282d2a51670) (Video)
3. [Lecture 03: Examples of Some Commercial Digital Control Solutions](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/12a9000b66af) (Video)
4. [Lecture 04: Overview of Digital Control Implementation Platforms](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/cee0a811baac) (Video)
5. [Lecture 05: Introducing Basic Digitization in Power Electronic Converters](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/7d0a31be6236) (Video)
6. [Lecture 06: Recap of Feedback and Feedforward Control Methods in SMPCs](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/d6812ee00b62) (Video)
7. [Lecture 07: Recap of Fixed and Variable Frequency Modulation Techniques](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/58255c777c1c) (Video)
8. [Lecture 08: Levels of Digitization in Single-loop Feedback Control in SMPCs](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/58dfd2745fdc) (Video)
9. [Lecture 09: Levels of Digitization in Multi-loop Feedback Control in SMPCs](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/323b527c72c8) (Video)
10. [Lecture 10: SMPC Topologies and Power Stage Design for Hardware Demonstrations](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/c5a0f59c7f78) (Video)
11. [Lecture 11: Basics of Sampling under Fixed and Variable Frequency Modulation](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/3a2c4c983aab) (Video)
12. [Lecture 12: Voltage Mode Digital Pulse Width Modulators and Sampling Methods](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/6ef84fac7408) (Video)
13. [Lecture 13: Overview of Digital Pulse Width Modulator Architectures](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/fa17ab59fe3c) (Video)
14. [Lecture 14: Sampling Methods under Fixed Frequency Current Mode Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/1519f0abdefc) (Video)
15. [Lecture 15: Overview of Fixed Frequency Current Mode Control Architectures](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/56232e74707d) (Video)
16. [Lecture 16: Sampling Methods under Constant On/Off- Time Digital Modulation](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/ecb196bf19c1) (Video)
17. [Lecture 17: Constant On/Off- Time Mixed-Signal Current Mode Control Architectures](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/beab18b97519) (Video)
18. [Lecture 18: Sampling Methods under Digital Hysteresis Control Methods](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/ad4da3a9043c) (Video)
19. [Lecture 19: Overview of Digital Hysteresis Control Architectures](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/85c32e73e74b) (Video)
20. [Lecture 20: Summary of Digital Current Mode Control Architectures](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/a43abc343bc6) (Video)
21. [Lecture 21: Recap of Voltage and Current Mode Control Implementation using MATLAB](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/a5b2fa4d4915) (Video)
22. [Lecture 22: MATLAB Model Development for Basic Digital Control Blocks](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/640dd4c79156) (Video)
23. [Lecture 23: MATLAB Model Development for Fixed Frequency Digital Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/cbf15c2c9e65) (Video)
24. [Lecture 24: MATLAB Models for Digital Controllers using Difference Equations](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/8e9161fe95b2) (Video)
25. [Lecture 25: MATLAB Model Development for Digital Voltage Mode Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/8fecd0547b2b) (Video)
26. [Lecture 26: MATLAB Model Development for Mixed-Signal Current Mode Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/45f51af8db9b) (Video)
27. [Lecture 27: MATLAB Model Development for Fully Digital Current Mode Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/6a80a993f3de) (Video)
28. [Lecture 28: MATLAB Model Development for Constant-On Time Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/a3a0947b8ecb) (Video)
29. [Lecture 29: MATLAB Model Development for Constant-Off Time Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/36242a05324a) (Video)
30. [Lecture 30: MATLAB Model Development for Digital Current Hysteresis Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/4c42b7d25a66) (Video)
31. [Lecture 31: Continuous-Time Small-Signal Modeling under Digital Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/366d506366eb) (Video)
32. [Lecture 32: Discrete Time Modeling with Closed Current Loop](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/09fabb9bef24) (Video)
33. [Lecture 33: State-Space Modeling and Steps For Deriving Discrete-Time Models](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/db5cf862f757) (Video)
34. [Lecture 34: Derivation of Discrete-Time Large-Signal Models](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/dbfed5aa95d2) (Video)
35. [Lecture 35: Validation of Discrete-Time Large-Signal Models using MATLAB – Part I](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/3ac8724e8b4a) (Video)
36. [Lecture 36: Validation of Discrete-Time Large-Signal Models using MATLAB – Part II](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/ff0f1974be9d) (Video)
37. [Lecture 37: Derivation of Discrete-Time Small-Signal Models - I](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/6f2d2bb3710d) (Video)
38. [Lecture 38: Derivation of Discrete-Time Small-Signal Models - II](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/e225c4a982be) (Video)
39. [Lecture 39: Discrete-Time Transfer Functions and Closed Loop Block Diagrams](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/aacd4bde58d4) (Video)
40. [Lecture 40: Model Accuracy with MATLAB Case Studies – Comparative Study](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/ca31c5b82d5d) (Video)
41. [Lecture 41: Continuous-Time to Discrete-Time Conversion Methods – A Summary](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/fc13a7320480) (Video)
42. [Lecture 42: Recap of Frequency Domain Design of Analog VMC and CMC](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/829c04a33fbc) (Video)
43. [Lecture 43: Design under Digital Voltage Mode Control – Frequency Domain Approaches](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/3a4d6ce13cb1) (Video)
44. [Lecture 44: Design under Digital Current Mode Control – Frequency Domain Approaches](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/fad37061dfd5) (Video)
45. [Lecture 45: Design Case Study and MATLAB Simulation of Digital Voltage Mode Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/919e5b64475b) (Video)
46. [Lecture 46: Design Case Study and MATLAB Simulation of Digital Current Mode Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/b14f23db6358) (Video)
47. [Lecture 47: Time Optimal Control of a Buck Converter and Identifying Performance Limits](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/73f907151608) (Video)
48. [Lecture 48: Trajectory based CMC Design for Proximate Time Optimal Recovery](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/539164b8a72d) (Video)
49. [Lecture 49: Trajectory based Digital CMC Tuning and MATLAB Case Studies](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/babdbcaacb5f) (Video)
50. [Lecture 50: Digital Pulse Skipping Control and MATLAB Simulation Case Studies](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/5e874513dc52) (Video)
51. [Lecture 51: Selection of ADC and DAC in Digitally Controlled SMPCs](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/b7904e200001) (Video)
52. [Lecture 52: High Frequency Current Sensing Techniques in Digitally Controlled SMPCs](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/471112f3a611) (Video)
53. [Lecture 53: Current Sensing Techniques in Digitally Controlled High Power Converters](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/9c7e87a4e63e) (Video)
54. [Lecture 54: Signal Conditioning Circuits and PCB Design for Mixed-Signal Implementation](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/ae192cc5d049) (Video)
55. [Lecture 55: Reference Power Stage Design and Schematic for Buck and Boost Converters–I](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/51114ecd1690) (Video)
56. [Lecture 56: Reference Power Stage Design and Schematic for Buck and Boost Converters–II](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/930f6678c9c9) (Video)
57. [Lecture 57: Step-by-Step Guidelines for Digital Control Implementation using FPGA](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/7475746a5971) (Video)
58. [Lecture 58: Test and Measurement of a Buck Converter using Digital Storage Oscilloscope](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/17ff193197b1) (Video)
59. [Lecture 59: Functionalities in Mixed Signal Oscilloscope for Validating Digital Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/8d2cde7ecb1b) (Video)
60. [Lecture 60: Power Spectrum Analysis of SMPCs using Mixed-Signal Oscilloscope](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/020b3dd98c32) (Video)
61. [Lecture 61: Introduction to Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL)](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/0a3f7e8bc734) (Video)
62. [Lecture 62: Guidelines for Verilog HDL Programming – Some Key Rules](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/ec4ce981cfd5) (Video)
63. [Lecture 63: Structural and Dataflow Modeling in Verilog HDL for Combinational Logics](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/1faeb1e3d584) (Video)
64. [Lecture 64: Behavioral Modeling in Verilog HDL for Sequential Digital Circuits](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/ae59b215ddf5) (Video)
65. [Lecture 65: Simulation of Verilog-HDL based Design using Xilinx Webpack – I](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/f19763e3d019) (Video)
66. [Lecture 66: Simulation of Verilog-HDL based Design using Xilinx Webpack – II](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/6442464006dd) (Video)
67. [Lecture 67: Fixed Point Implementation in Embedded Control System](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/621d74a885ca) (Video)
68. [Lecture 68: Fixed Point Arithmetic and Concept of Q Format](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/9cbec1301984) (Video)
69. [Lecture 69: Counter-based DPWM with Deadtime and Verilog HDL Programming](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/c2746b1c8d4f) (Video)
70. [Lecture 70: Simulating Counter-based DPWM with Deadtime using Xilinx ISE Simulator](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/1a1b5094f964) (Video)
71. [Lecture 71: Top Down Design Methodology in Digital Voltage Mode Control - I](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/ffacceb9ddbb) (Video)
72. [Lecture 72: Top Down Design Methodology in Digital Voltage Mode Control - II](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/303c9315081d) (Video)
73. [Lecture 73: Digital PID Control Implementation using Verilog HDL Programming](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/34532e67a7b7) (Video)
74. [Lecture 74: Digital PID Controller – Hardware Implementation and Experimental Results](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/33c0e9ba4d31) (Video)
75. [Lecture 75: Top Down Design Methodology in Mixed-Signal Current Mode Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/f386b0d2aaa0) (Video)
76. [Lecture 76: Top Down Design Method and Verilog HDL Programming of Mixed-Signal CMC](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/c2f668ff4b57) (Video)
77. [Lecture 77: Verilog HDL based Digital PI Control Implementation of Mixed-Signal CMC](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/d76359c9e6ac) (Video)
78. [Lecture 78: Hardware Implementation of Mixed-Signal CMC and Experimental Results](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/a51b0576c9cb) (Video)
79. [Lecture 79: Voltage based Digital Pulse Skip Modulation and Top Down Design Method](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/f1283ca91550) (Video)
80. [Lecture 80: Implementing Digital Pulse Skip Modulation and Experimental Results](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/6204c6256d87) (Video)
81. [Lecture 81: STM32 Overview and STM32G4x ecosystem](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/3e67386a1144) (Video)
82. [Lecture 82: Getting started with STM32CubeMX (Part - I)](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/e540ce640ae5) (Video)
83. [Lecture 83: Getting started with STM32CubeMX (Part - II)](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/40e0625cae2e) (Video)
84. [Lecture 84: Practical implementation of LLC converters (Part-I)](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/aa5bcf8a88a2) (Video)
85. [Lecture 85: Practical implementation of LLC converters (Part-II)](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/208f78cc5650) (Video)
86. [Lecture 86: Texas Instruments C2000 Real-time Microcontroller Devices](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/583dd505a902) (Video)
87. [Lecture 87: Getting Started with C2000 – Software and Hardware Development](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/664153426ff8) (Video)
88. [Lecture 88: Texas Instruments C2000 key peripheral differentiations](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/9aa5f0abe5a6) (Video)
89. [Lecture 89: Texas Instruments TIDM-02008 Reference Design Overview](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/d0ff76c227ba) (Video)
90. [Lecture 90: Texas Instruments TIDM-02008 Reference Design Software Overview](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/61c5ccee03ba) (Video)
91. [Lecture 91: Steps for FPGA Implementation of Digital Voltage Mode Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/a037c65f3181) (Video)
92. [Lecture 92: Steps for FPGA Implementation of Mixed-Signal Current Mode Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/282a3698701b) (Video)
93. [Lecture 93: Instability in Digital CMC and Ramp Compensation with Experimental Results](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/79b896471e38) (Video)
94. [Lecture 94: Benefits of Constant Off-Time and On-Time Digital CMC Techniques](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/4f7b9c72f057) (Video)
95. [Lecture 95: Top Down Design Methodology of Constant On/Off-Time Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/c1ae855d21c2) (Video)
96. [Lecture 96: Verilog HDL Implementation of Voltage based Constant On-Time Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/2141f2acc303) (Video)
97. [Lecture 97: FPGA Implementation of Constant On/Off-Time Mixed-Signal CMC](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/2c6bd868231e) (Video)
98. [Lecture 98: Stability Comparison of Fixed & Variable Freq. Digital CMC with Experimental Results](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/1b79cb5d834a) (Video)
99. [Lecture 99: Assessment of Digital Control Techniques for Light Load DC-DC Converters](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/594855630d47) (Video)
100. [Lecture 100: Adaptive On-Time Digital Control in DCM with Verilog HDL Implementation](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/3f08685e6795) (Video)
101. [Lecture 101: MATLAB Simulation of a Practical Digital VMC Buck Converter in CCM](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/344605c59f07) (Video)
102. [Lecture 102: Data Acquisition and Steps for Validating Simulation & Experimental Results](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/b6da734e535c) (Video)
103. [Lecture 103: Loop Shaping and Design of Digital Voltage Mode Control in a Buck Converter](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/86d132ea6559) (Video)
104. [Lecture 104: Digital VMC Design for Shaping Output Impedance in a Buck Converter](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/7fcb057361e9) (Video)
105. [Lecture 105: Hardware Case Studies and Transient Performance in Digital VMC Buck Converter](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/e905004ca982) (Video)
106. [Lecture 106: Design and Simulation Case Studies in a Mixed-Signal CMC Buck Converter](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/ffe7b8d1db9e) (Video)
107. [Lecture 107: Hardware Case Studies and Transient Performance in a Digital CMC Buck Converter](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/21d51806b7ea) (Video)
108. [Lecture 108: Analysis of Output Impedance in Digital CMC with Load Current Feedforward](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/bccb1682e933) (Video)
109. [Lecture 109: Load Current Feedforward in Digital CMC Buck Converter: Experimental Results](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/85cda0e942fe) (Video)
110. [Lecture 110: Need for Multi-Mode Digital Control and Design Requirements in SMPCs](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/69c392997104) (Video)
111. [Lecture 111: Implementing Bi-frequency Spread Spectrum in Digital VMC using Verilog HDL](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/c5727b653df0) (Video)
112. [Lecture 112: Performance of Bi-frequency Spread Spectrum DPWM and Experimental Results](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/0f55d3ced99d) (Video)
113. [Lecture 113: Top Down Design Methodology of PWM/PSM Multi-Mode Digital Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/d7afacb53d24) (Video)
114. [Lecture 114: Verilog HDL based FPGA Prototyping of PWM/PSM Multi-Mode Digital Control](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/be3eb27dfd81) (Video)
115. [Lecture 115: FPGA Prototyping of Peak Current based PWM/PFM Multi-Mode Digital Control - I](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/82af7065d5da) (Video)
116. [Lecture 116: FPGA Prototyping of Peak Current based PWM/PFM Multi-Mode Digital Control - II](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/e3ed2baccd82) (Video)
117. [Lecture 117: Industry-Driven Architectures for Digital Control IC in High Frequency SMPC](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/02a0cec41414) (Video)
118. [Lecture 118: Industry-Driven Architectures for Digital Control System Solutions in SMPCs](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/d17e33784e26) (Video)
119. [Lecture 119: Exploration of Architectures, Modeling, Design, and Control - Course Summary](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/7bdd942db44b) (Video)
120. [Lecture 120: Key Takeaways and Course Usefulness for Skilled Manpower Development](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/8bce0fadd07e) (Video)
121. [Live Session 10-10-2023](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/1c69532a0eaf-2) (Video)
122. [Live Session 27-09-2023](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/d282d2a51670-2) (Video)
123. [Live Session 28-08-2023](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/108105186/12a9000b66af-2) (Video)