# An Introduction to Climate Dynamics, Variability and Monitoring - Institution: IIT Hyderabad - Department: Civil Engineering - Teacher: Prof. Sayak Banerjee - Level: Undergraduate - Language: English - Subjects: Engineering - Source: [NPTEL](https://nptel.ac.in/courses/105106465) - Licence: [CC BY-NC-SA](https://nptel.ac.in/faq) (Non-commercial use only.) - Syllabus: [at the source](https://nptel.ac.in/courses/105106465) - Who can watch: Tweens profiles and older (sources give no ratings; placed by Invisible Network from the source's own words) As climate change and associated climate mitigation and adaptation strategies become an increasingly important concern for the government, the industry as well as multiple disciplines within the academia, there is need for a course that provides a physics-based understanding of the parameters controlling climatic variability and human influence on climate variability to UG/PG students from diverse science/technology backgrounds. A basic grounding on instruments and methodologies to monitor climate relevant variables will also prove useful and interesting to students of engineering disciplines. Such a course will also prove beneficial to industry professionals who are interested in developing technology/policy/business solutions for climate change. This course will provide the participant with a thorough introductory grounding of climate physics, climatic patterns of variability, and the human influences in the ongoing climate change. In addition, the participant will also gain an understanding of how various climatological and meteorological variables are measured using ground based, upper air and satellite based instrumentation. The course will also be very useful for those who wish to specialize further in climatological modelling, satellite based observation of weather and climate etc. Intended audience: Graduate Students in Science and Engineering Disciplines related to Climate, Environment and Sustainability. Undergraduate students in Engg. Science, Environmental Science as well as those interested on minor in Sustainable Energy/Engg.Professionals interested in Climate Change Science. Prerequisites: Students and Professionals with Civil Engg, Env and Atmospheric Science, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Geology and Geophysics Background. While a PG course, materials learnt upto 2nd year UG should be sufficient. ## Lectures 1. [INTRODUCTION TO CLIMATE DYNAMICS,VARIABILITY AND MONITORING- PART 1](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/2cc3d55ccfa1) (YouTube) 2. [INTRODUCTION TO CLIMATE DYNAMICS,VARIABILITY AND MONITORING - PART 2](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/abd2cadff086) (YouTube) 3. [CLIMATIC VARIABLES OF THE ATMOSPHERE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/0d9ba51c4e3e) (YouTube) 4. [ATMOSPHERIC LAYERS; TROPOSPHERE; TEMPERATURE LAPSE RATE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/8518624260de) (YouTube) 5. [ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/763427e4d505) (YouTube) 6. [ATMOSPHERIC GAS CONCENTRATION AND INTRODUCTION TO ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/34b252ceebef) (YouTube) 7. [ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AND MASS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/1c30a049cf3c) (YouTube) 8. [HOW TO MEASURE VERTICAL VARIATION OF PRESSURE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/6c6c4f047347) (YouTube) 9. [FUNDAMENTALS OF ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY AND WEATHER VARIABLES](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/008995e01b71) (YouTube) 10. [ADVANCED ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY CONCEPTS: CONTOURS AND KEY RELATIONSHIPS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/0c2d1eed4c5a) (YouTube) 11. [VIRTUAL TEMPERATURE AND ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY CONCEPTS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/9b2dbcaa65a7) (YouTube) 12. [UNDERSTANDING ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY: ADIABATIC RELATIONS AND LAPSE RATE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/5833efe1ec53) (YouTube) 13. [POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE, ADIABATIC LAPSE RATE OF MOIST AIR, THREE POSSIBLE STABILITY RELATIONSHIPS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/da37df82435b) (YouTube) 14. [DERIVATION OF POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE, DERIVING THE EXPRESSION FOR SATURATED ADIABATIC LAPSE RATE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/9b2cd56fa61b) (YouTube) 15. [TEMPERATURE VARIATION WITH CHANGES IN VERTICAL PRESSURE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/7c162cf097fe) (YouTube) 16. [TEMPERATURE GRADIENT OF DRY AND SATURATED AIR PARCEL, EARTH SUN RELATIONSHIP](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/1bc5372bcd61) (YouTube) 17. [FUNDAMENTALS OF EARTH'S CLIMATE SYSTEM: LATITUDE, LONGITUDE, AND TEMPERATURE DYNAMICS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/261ea20cec18) (YouTube) 18. [UNDERSTANDING EARTH'S SEASONS: AXIAL TILT, SOLSTICE, AND EQUINOX DYNAMICS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/d4f7fded6501) (YouTube) 19. [MEAN EMISSION TEMPERATURE OF EARTH AND THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT- PART 1](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/d58631c45467) (YouTube) 20. [MEAN EMISSION TEMPERATURE OF EARTH AND THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT- PART 2](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/713561d1fdb6) (YouTube) 21. [MEAN EMISSION TEMPERATURE OF EARTH AND THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT- PART 3](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/c196f03f99ad) (YouTube) 22. [NET RADIATIVE FLUX IMBALANCE: ANNUAL AVERAGED AND SEASONAL](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/5928678e686e) (YouTube) 23. [DERIVATION OF BEAM SPREADING EFFECT, DERIVATION OF THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT FOR PLANETS WITH EXTREMELY THICK ABSORBING ATMOSPHERE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/8cbdf0f13bb4) (YouTube) 24. [DERIVATION OF ANALYSING THE ATMOSPHERE OF VENUS, RADIATION FLUXES](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/8af1aab6ab9d) (YouTube) 25. [PRINCIPLES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION: SPECTRAL INTENSITY, IRRADIANCE, AND MATERIAL INTERACTIONS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/27c22e7fe3c9) (YouTube) 26. [BLACKBODY RADIATION RELATIONS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/458355c3a6b3) (YouTube) 27. [ATMOSPHERIC ABSORPTION AND RADIATIVE TRANSFER](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/efbafdb95895) (YouTube) 28. [RADIATIVE TRANSFER IN THE ATMOSPHERE: KEY CONCEPTS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/00ca45fa2c0b) (YouTube) 29. [INFRARED RADIATIVE TRANSFER IN THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/86b216e86cd8) (YouTube) 30. [RADIATIVE FLUX AND OPTICAL DEPTH](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/e16b57750162) (YouTube) 31. [INTRODUCTION TO ATMOSPHERIC HEATING AND HEAT BALANCE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/a6c6547e01fa) (YouTube) 32. [ADVANCED ATMOSPHERIC HEATING AND HEAT BALANCE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/1c008d9f215b) (YouTube) 33. [TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION FOR A CONTINUOUSLY STRATIFIED ATMOSPHERE IN RADIATIVE EQUILIBRIUM - Part 1](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/d239642a8704) (YouTube) 34. [TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION FOR A CONTINUOUSLY STRATIFIED ATMOSPHERE IN RADIATIVE EQUILIBRIUM - Part 2](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/e1fcfa31cd28) (YouTube) 35. [TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION AND GREENHOUSE EFFECT IN A CONTINUOUSLY STRATIFIED ATMOSPHERE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/70fb1eabf36c) (YouTube) 36. [ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION SYSTEMS-BASIC CONCEPTS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/99a8576e65e8) (YouTube) 37. [ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION SYSTEMS - CORIOLIS FORCES](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/aed08bded9ce) (YouTube) 38. [ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION SYSTEMS - PRESSURE FORCES](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/ad131b0f4132) (YouTube) 39. [ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION SYSTEMS - FRICTIONAL FORCES AND SURFACE LEVEL WINDS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/2303bc83c2b3) (YouTube) 40. [ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION SYSTEMS - HIGH LEVEL WINDS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/d2cdd3b0d72d) (YouTube) 41. [SEASONAL SHIFTS - ADVANCED CONCEPTS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/056ad636a687) (YouTube) 42. [THE OCEAN AND THE CLIMATE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/d573fb521fdb) (YouTube) 43. [OCEAN SALINITY AND MIXING LAYER](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/eae69806ddd8) (YouTube) 44. [IMPORTANCE OF MIXING LAYER AND WIND-DRIVEN SURFACE CURRENT](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/65ffad2e0ce5) (YouTube) 45. [OCEAN CIRCULATION AND DEEP OCEANIC THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/49b3206c3e07) (YouTube) 46. [COUPLED OCEAN - ATMOSPHERE VARIABILITY](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/b6a31109a5ef) (YouTube) 47. [GLOBAL TEMPERATURE MODEL, RADIATIVE FORCING AND ZERO DIMENSIONAL ENERGY BALANCE MODEL](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/cdd76414e2f3) (YouTube) 48. [ZERO DIMENSIONAL ENERGY BALANCE MODEL - CONT](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/cb249f4fdd8c) (YouTube) 49. [ENERGY BALANCE MODEL AND TEMPERATURE RESPONCE TO RADIATIVE FORCING](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/108927fcc473) (YouTube) 50. [TEMPERATURE RESPONCE TO RADIATIVE FORCING - CONT](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/563751daa97b) (YouTube) 51. [PLANCK FEEDBACK OR BLACKBODY RADIATIVE FEEDBACK, SIMPLE RADIATIVE BALANCE MODEL FOR CONTINUOUSLY STRATIFIED CLIMATE](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/e0a04b3e770c) (YouTube) 52. [INDIRECT FEEDBACK: WATER VAPOUR FEEDBACK AND SPECTRAL OUTGOING LONGWAVE RADIATION](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/00da2ef4165c) (YouTube) 53. [ABSORPTION OF OUTGOING LONGWAVE RADIATION BY ATMOSPHERIC CO2](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/4988807ef549) (YouTube) 54. [INTRODUCTION TO PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION - PART 1](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/b38768972227) (YouTube) 55. [INTRODUCTION TO PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION - PART 2](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/32a18e66b51d) (YouTube) 56. [INTRODUCTION TO PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION - PART 3](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/3e910b75996b) (YouTube) 57. [AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATIONS, TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS AND HUMIDITY MEASUREMENTS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/3b9d4af68a06) (YouTube) 58. [HUMIDITY MEASUREMENTS AND PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/6843a6cbad1f) (YouTube) 59. [WIND MEASUREMENTS TECHNIQUES](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/276688e479b5) (YouTube) 60. [RADIATION AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS - PART 1](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/38cf30fee0cb) (YouTube) 61. [RADIATION AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS - PART 2](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/c58d4c67a99b) (YouTube) 62. [RADIATION AND PRECIPITATION MEASUREMENTS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/1118de6b5e95) (YouTube) 63. [UPPER AIR MEASUREMENTS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/c2d93700f4b6) (YouTube) 64. [REMOTE SENSING: CLIMATOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/9546fed1f436) (YouTube) 65. [TYPES OF SATELLITE ORBIT AND ITS REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS, VNIR IMAGING THROUGH ELECTRO-OPTICAL SYSTEMS AND IMAGING METHODOLOGY](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/011e87011dd7) (YouTube) 66. [SPATIAL AND SPECTRAL RESOLUTION OF SATELLITE IMAGERY AND APPLICATION OF VNIR IMAGING IN CLIMATOLOGY](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/f2ed36a63b0d) (YouTube) 67. [APPLICATION OF VNIR IMAGING IN CLIMATOLOGY AND THERMAL INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/bc279487ab3d) (YouTube) 68. [CLOUD DETECTION, NADIR VIEWING, LIMB SOUNDING, SOLAR OCCULTATION](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/ffb65e6b9825) (YouTube) 69. [GROUND BASED ATMOSPHERIC REMOTE SOUNDING](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/105106465/45006f8dc171) (YouTube)