# Classics in Neuroscience

- Institution: IIT Madras
- Department: Biotechnology
- Teacher: Prof. Varadhan SKM
- Level: Undergraduate
- Language: English
- Subjects: Biology
- Source: [NPTEL](https://nptel.ac.in/courses/102106345)
- Licence: [CC BY-NC-SA](https://nptel.ac.in/faq) (Non-commercial use only.)
- Syllabus: [at the source](https://nptel.ac.in/courses/102106345)
- Who can watch: Teens profiles and older (sources give no ratings; placed by Invisible Network from the source's own words)

## Lectures

1. [History of Neuroscience - Introduction: Part 1](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/0c01dcf0bb09) (Video)
2. [History of Neuroscience - Introduction: Part 2](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/7a7e5bf11280) (Video)
3. [Factors that produce discoveries](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/aaca3394bf9f) (Video)
4. [Importance of the 1950s in Neuroscience](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/eae3540db3e0) (Video)
5. [Advances in Molecular Biology (Genes to DNA)](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/6411c93be9b4) (Video)
6. [Discovery of the structure of the DNA](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/8c41f5c4c07d) (Video)
7. [How DNA works](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/71dd008fb3f8) (Video)
8. [Molecular biology of the human brain](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/639d35714db1) (Video)
9. [Signaling molecule: The First growth Factor](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/c055b55c10ad) (Video)
10. [Nerve Growth Factor](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/1c0b2ad70303) (Video)
11. [Organizing the Connections](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/eff90755ad38) (Video)
12. [Axonal Transport](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/720c5143bdb9) (Video)
13. [Signaling molecules: The First Neurotransmitter in the brain](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/432cedb8331b) (Video)
14. [The concept of Lock and Key](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/cf7976c7f6bd) (Video)
15. [The Soup vs Sparks Debate](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/bff71c911966) (Video)
16. [Intracellular Electrode, Neurotransmitter in the Brain, Dales Law](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/674b723bf8ef) (Video)
17. [Early evidence of Acetylcholine and Glutamate](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/19366db4b8a5) (Video)
18. [Early evidence of GABA and Serotonin](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/cfb89a14e3ea) (Video)
19. [Catecholamine and Hormones](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/3379e6c8ea0a) (Video)
20. [Second messengers and Hormones](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/995419ec2374) (Video)
21. [Pheromones](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/0b1f18918718) (Video)
22. [Revolution in Cytology](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/7c0ceffc7f61) (Video)
23. [Synapse and the 'Neuronism vs Reticularism' debate](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/d34580b91da9) (Video)
24. [Contributions by Rene Couteaux and George Koelle](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/1e3eff088750) (Video)
25. [Chemical Synapse](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/87c830ed358f) (Video)
26. [Synapse and the Neuromuscular Junction](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/8d6182c33d34) (Video)
27. [The Electrical Synapse and Myelin](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/9c290c0be261) (Video)
28. [Physiology: The Action Potential - Part 1](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/41a4992692a7) (Video)
29. [Recording nerve impulses and single action potentials](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/c444c06d3598) (Video)
30. [Recording from nerve and plant cells](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/32af3bf20ba7) (Video)
31. [Recording Local circuits, Hodgkin and Huxely contributions - Part 1](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/f4d7839c0e6f) (Video)
32. [Hodgkin and Huxely model - part 2 & Kenneth Cole Contributions](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/b2c942832f54) (Video)
33. [GHK equation and HH action potentials](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/840c4033346a) (Video)
34. [First Electrophysiological Evidence for Synaptic Transmission](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/27d5902828d5) (Video)
35. [Bernard Katz](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/d59ab7f18712) (Video)
36. [End-Plate Potential and Synaptic Quanta](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/4e03d18c6bfc) (Video)
37. [Eccles and Spinal motor neuron](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/a362fff3eab5) (Video)
38. [Invertebrate simple systems: Aplysia](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/91b80c3977af) (Video)
39. [Other studies of sensory responses](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/253cd0506523) (Video)
40. [Legacy of Golgi and Ramo`n y Cajal](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/b302a08d9353) (Video)
41. [Dynamic polarization of Neuron](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/b8a17d8da935) (Video)
42. [Modern Research](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/8566cc3aed60) (Video)
43. [Synaptic Integration and Action Potential Initiation](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/a9a6db8af78a) (Video)
44. [Active properties of dendrites](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/79d2a0f30a51) (Video)
45. [Dendritic dominance](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/a1e37f01e845) (Video)
46. [Dendritic spines](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/d645c5689d0a) (Video)
47. [Rethinking the concept of Neuron Doctrine](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/857b774868e8) (Video)
48. [Muscle spindles](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/de928b64f75a) (Video)
49. [Spinal cord pathways](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/703a9f8acd10) (Video)
50. [Retinal Processing](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/6c2934b1195e) (Video)
51. [Keffler Hartline](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/c34df5e5e38a) (Video)
52. [Stephen Kuffler and Horace Barlow](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/dfc03418f7ff) (Video)
53. [Expansion of the Reflex concept](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/a38cfe8db530) (Video)
54. [Central Pttern genrators](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/0ef5f02f45b7) (Video)
55. [The cortical column](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/a4f39a97587c) (Video)
56. [Vernon Mountcastle](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/cd2e585d5295) (Video)
57. [Central Visual Processing](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/7f4b43d67523) (Video)
58. [Central Visual Processing and Feature Detectors](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/65259366248d) (Video)
59. [Intracellular recordings from the brain - Part 1](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/eb16d70b15cb) (Video)
60. [Intracellular recordings from the brain - Part 2](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/f9c0f778deaa) (Video)
61. [Two motor systems](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/8830e3afd4ea) (Video)
62. [Auditory cortex and The pattern theory of olfaction](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/4f3e88a6266f) (Video)
63. [Arousal and Reticular activating system](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/f6ac333b7b76) (Video)
64. [Sleep and Rapid Eye Movements](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/1f9c3a994861) (Video)
65. [Operant Conditioning by brain stimulation](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/c934b2b9524d) (Video)
66. [Hypothalamus and Feeding Behavior](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/e5170777de59) (Video)
67. [Brain as a gland](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/25d7341420e5) (Video)
68. [Hypothalamic-Neurohypophyseal System](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/41c1b8ceac98) (Video)
69. [Hypothalamic-Adenohypophyseal System](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/cf0ae4d95107) (Video)
70. [Founding Modern Neuroanatomy](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/199d6f3edbf1) (Video)
71. [Psychology and Ethology](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/4e5f656a8154) (Video)
72. [Karl Lashley](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/777067cee45f) (Video)
73. [Donald Hebb](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/831b5863f26b) (Video)
74. [Limbic system- Limbic Lobe and Papez Circuit](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/f4a9720f91ec) (Video)
75. [Limbic system-Kluver-Bucy Syndrome](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/c8dca817adbf) (Video)
76. [The Limbic system & Amygdala](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/5729cd87f8d8) (Video)
77. [The Hippocampus and Patient H.M](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/c41c3a205d32) (Video)
78. [Brenda Milner](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/b50eaa3334ee) (Video)
79. [Neurology: Foundations of Brain Imaging](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/56ece950eb3f) (Video)
80. [The Neurological unit of the Boston City Hospital](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/5cee3f1654d4) (Video)
81. [Derek Denny-Brown, Raymond Adams and C. Miller Fisher](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/20396dc16614) (Video)
82. [Montreal Neurological Institute](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/9cab10dda9fa) (Video)
83. [Cerebral Circulation](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/e33d5aee6396) (Video)
84. [Spreading depression of Leo and Migraine](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/91ddf825f86e) (Video)
85. [The Eradication of Polio](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/d3415c593135) (Video)
86. [Origin of Neurosurgery](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/e8c6a6b2d939) (Video)
87. [Harvey Cushing](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/c572bcb69b29) (Video)
88. [Pituitary Surgery](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/e4df9a159e65) (Video)
89. [Stereotaxy](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/29b9162facd9) (Video)
90. [Epilepsy](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/d91ed02d0b27) (Video)
91. [Psychosurgery](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/94644a4c1265) (Video)
92. [Antipsychotic Drugs](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/d3815dba890d) (Video)
93. [Reserpine](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/b86c96fd6cc7) (Video)
94. [Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/cb7e7e5100b3) (Video)
95. [Lithium](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/ea0d5e2d2b37) (Video)
96. [Benzodiazepines](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/d79da37284de) (Video)
97. [Stress](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/80fbdbede610) (Video)
98. [Theoretical Neuroscience: Brain as computer and Computer as Brain](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/72ca8ae8c715) (Video)
99. [John Atanasoff](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/a9ab52df84b5) (Video)
100. [John von Newmann](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/a66fa071c201) (Video)
101. [Game and Information theory](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/1cb7550d1e4c) (Video)
102. [Cybernetics and Artificial Intelligence](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/49eff65b1fd2) (Video)
103. [Towards Networks of Realistic Neurons: von Newman's Last word](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/430af034eae5) (Video)
104. [Santiago Ramon y Cajal, "The Peasant Genius"](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/a59614bf5284) (Video)
105. ["Cajal- a giant wakes up"](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/bcb9a892ae86) (Video)
106. [Cajal's modifications to the Golgi method and studies of embryos and various systems](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/567a11dcf227) (Video)
107. [Law of dynamic polarization, support from others studies](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/2da246f35995) (Video)
108. [Santiago Ramon y Cajal - Career turning point and Palm Sunday years](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/7d11eea2e650) (Video)
109. [Cajal’s trailblazing discoveries that earned him the Nobel Prize](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/d55cb59aeaec) (Video)
110. ["Enduring Legacy of Cajal"](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/dba4d8bb361d) (Video)
111. [Robert Barany - Early life and prior work done by other scientists](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/2894cf33c341) (Video)
112. [Robert Barany - The serendipitous discovery of the caloric test](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/57680763a82e) (Video)
113. [Robert Barany - Vestibular System and connection to Cerebellum](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/cb87ae60d6e8) (Video)
114. [Robert Barany - Modern Applications of Barany's work - Space medicine and Astronaut training](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/245522f28a0d) (Video)
115. [Robert Barany - Summary of Contributions](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/16d2f8e3b2d8) (Video)
116. [Charles Sherrington Personal Background](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/1bff1793ca80) (Video)
117. [Charles Sherrington - quiet mind expt, Neuroplasiticity, animal locomotion studies](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/571bbdd7c004) (Video)
118. [Charles Sherrington - Reciprocal innervation, Pain & Emotion, Mind & Body](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/81b8a8d73813) (Video)
119. [Charles Sherrington's Magnum Opus - The integrative action of the nervous system](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/a670e5f5e089) (Video)
120. [Charles Sherrington - Insights into life and work by Molnar & Brown](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/3a55425e23ce) (Video)
121. [Charles Sherrington - Summary of contributions](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/71437947bb0c) (Video)
122. [Edgar Adrian, Keith Lucas and Novel instruments used in Neurophysiology](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/1b1afc840fff) (Video)
123. [Edgar Adrian - Early life, All or none principle in neurons, Key findings with Keith Lucas](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/a1ebd6973d94) (Video)
124. [Edgar Adrian - Work with Alexander Forbes, Gasser & Erlanger (St. Louis connection)](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/5011286862af) (Video)
125. [Edgar Adrian - "Failed experiment", Perseverance in science](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/8e7b300efd21) (Video)
126. [Edgar Adrian - Recording from single sensory and motor neurons](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/56fd986f61f3) (Video)
127. [Edgar Adrian - Nobel Prize, Admin work, Legacy](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/6b6f67009d30) (Video)
128. [Edgar Adrian - Adventures with EEG](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/8e1623f5b017) (Video)
129. [Edgar Adrian - Mapping cerebellar cortex, Cerebral cortex, Brain & Behavior, Olfaction](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/0e34be0601bc) (Video)
130. [Hodgkin & Huxley - Biographical background, Scientific backdrop and state of Neurophysiology](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/2ab64b9c1dc4) (Video)
131. [Hodgkin & Huxley - Meeting of great minds & Challenges faced - Part 01](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/f3a81bb79460) (Video)
132. [Hodgkin & Huxley - Meeting of great minds & Challenges faced - Part 02](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/8d1a2b122ea5) (Video)
133. [Bernard Katz - personal background, scientific backdrop, soup vs spark debate](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/6da31afc9a2c) (Video)
134. [Bernard Katz - Quantal nature of synaptic transmission, Vesicle hypothesis, foundational work](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/1bce6d8993de) (Video)
135. [Bernard Katz - del Castillo model of receptor activation, role of calcium in synapses, sodium](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/94e7578d7040) (Video)
136. [Bernard Katz Paper: The fine structure of neuromuscular junction of the frog](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/09fc07e21d74) (Video)
137. [Roger Sperry - Personal Background, Split brain patients, Hemispheric specialization](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/b538a0085769) (Video)
138. [Roger Sperry: Split Brain patients and Dichotomous consciousness](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/fd5d1c748033) (Video)
139. [Roger Sperry: Unified consciousness & Behavioural differences in split brain patients,](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/54820d2198cb) (Video)
140. [Roger Sperry, Gazzaniga's Interpreter theory, Impact on Psychology and Neuroscience, Nobel Prize](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/f7321f9086f4) (Video)
141. [Roger Sperry's Chemoaffinity hypothesis paper](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/962c37c970b0) (Video)
142. [Roger Sperry paper "Mentalism: Yes, Dualism:No"](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/9ab960459d05) (Video)
143. [Jens Christian Skou Part 1 :The Story of Jens Christian Skou's life in science](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/df254e2f29fe) (Video)
144. [Jens Christian Skou: Sodium Potassium pump overview & Nobel Prize](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/b2dfe7acbbda) (Video)
145. [Jens Christian Skou: Paper- "The Influence of Some Cations on an Adenosine Triphosphate](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/34c0bf007d70) (Video)
146. [Arvid Carlsson - Personal Background, Education & Early Career, Pivot, Nobel prize contributions](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/918288990922) (Video)
147. [Arvid Carlsson: History of L Dopa](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/23a24efeeecf) (Video)
148. [Arvid Carlsson - Antipsychotics, Dopamine hypothesis, Serotonin and SSRIs, Omeprazole](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/0ef22f35dfb0) (Video)
149. [Eric Kandel - Early life and nobel prize winning work](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/4e100744e70e) (Video)
150. [Eric Kandel - Synaptic Plasticity](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/20430d01a819) (Video)
151. [Eric Kandel - Aplysia work, Short and long term memory & mechanisms](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/fc0ea1c871ed) (Video)
152. [Paul Greengard - The Phosphorylation Paradigm](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/8404f8790782) (Video)
153. [David Hubel & Torsten Wiesel - early life, education and collaboration](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/efc8c0983af7) (Video)
154. [Hubel & Wiesel - Effect of early visual deprivation on cortical function](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/6cc8086729f0) (Video)
155. [Hubel & Wiesel: Effect of visual misalignment on binocular integration](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/f3042d0b8169) (Video)
156. [Hubel & Wiesel: Limited capacity for recovery following early visual deprivation](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/nptel/102106345/30bbe34e7da0) (Video)